-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, PI7XLqWwIs46PrZz0wIfI2mLf5uO2sudshdGIHYrHaZAsZGhha+EmOP+fdojDVyU 6Q1io/zD951Ajj6q4MwNjg== 0000950123-09-011003.txt : 20090603 0000950123-09-011003.hdr.sgml : 20090603 20090603163058 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000950123-09-011003 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 8-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 4 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20090603 ITEM INFORMATION: Other Events ITEM INFORMATION: Financial Statements and Exhibits FILED AS OF DATE: 20090603 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20090603 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: EXTERRAN HOLDINGS INC. CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001389050 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: SERVICES-EQUIPMENT RENTAL & LEASING, NEC [7359] IRS NUMBER: 000000000 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 8-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-33666 FILM NUMBER: 09871655 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1209 ORANGE STREET CITY: WILMINGTON STATE: DE ZIP: 19801 BUSINESS PHONE: 713-335-7000 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1209 ORANGE STREET CITY: WILMINGTON STATE: DE ZIP: 19801 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: Iliad Holdings, INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 20070206 8-K 1 h66917e8vk.htm FORM 8-K e8vk
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of Earliest Event Reported): June 3, 2009
EXTERRAN HOLDINGS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
         
Delaware   001-33666   74-3204509
         
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation)
  (Commission
File Number)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
     
16666 Northchase Drive, Houston,    
Texas   77060
     
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (281) 836-7000
Not Applicable
 
Former name or former address, if changed since last report
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
o     Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
o     Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
o     Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
o     Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))
 
 

 


 

Item 8.01 Other Events.
Exterran Holdings, Inc. (“we” or “our”) is filing this Current Report on Form 8-K to conform our consolidated historical financial statements to reflect our adoption as of January 1, 2009 of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51” (“SFAS No. 160”). SFAS No. 160 establishes accounting and reporting standards that are applied retrospectively for all periods presented. Following adoption of SFAS No. 160, we have retrospectively changed the classification and presentation of noncontrolling interest, previously referred to as minority interest. The adoption of SFAS No. 160 had no effect on our net income attributable to controlling interests, earnings per share, cash flow or any asset or liability account.
We are filing this Current Report on Form 8-K to reflect the impact of this change so we may incorporate these financial statements by reference in future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Included in Exhibit 99.1 is our historical consolidated financial information as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 and for the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 presented in accordance with the requirements of SFAS No. 160. In addition to the financial statements, we have conformed the disclosures that appear in the “Selected Financial Data” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 (“10-K”) (originally filed on February 26, 2009) to reflect the adoption of SFAS No. 160. We have also included the “Controls and Procedures” section from our 10-K because the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm regarding internal control over financial reporting references that item. We have not updated any of the disclosures for events that have taken place after the filing of our annual report on Form 10-K. This current report should be read in conjuction with the portions of our 10-K that have not been updated herein.
Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(d) Exhibits.
     
Exhibit No.   Description
23.1
  Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP
23.2
  Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
99.1
  Updated financial information

 


 

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
         
  EXTERRAN HOLDINGS, INC.
 
 
June 3, 2009  By:   /s/ J. Michael Anderson    
    J. Michael Anderson   
    Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer   

 


 

         
Exhibit Index
     
Exhibit No.   Description
23.1
  Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP
23.2
  Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
99.1
  Updated financial information

 

EX-23.1 2 h66917exv23w1.htm EX-23.1 exv23w1
Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We consent to the incorporation by reference in Exterran Holdings, Inc.’s Registration Statements No. 333-145589 and No. 333-145558 each on Form S-8 of (1) our report dated February 26, 2009 (June 3, 2009 as to the retrospective application of SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51 (“SFAS No. 160”) as described in Note 1), relating to the 2008 and 2007 financial statements, financial statement schedule and the retrospective adjustments to the 2006 financial statements and financial statement disclosures of Exterran Holdings, Inc. (which report expresses an unqualified opinion and includes an explanatory paragraph related to the retrospective application of SFAS No. 160) and (2) our report dated February 26, 2009 related to the effectiveness of Exterran Holdings, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, appearing in this current report on Form 8-K.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Houston, Texas
June 3, 2009

EX-23.2 3 h66917exv23w2.htm EX-23.2 exv23w2
Exhibit 23.2
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement on Forms S-8 (Nos. 333-145589 and 333-145558) of Exterran Holdings, Inc. (formerly Hanover Compressor Company) of our report dated February 14, 2007 relating to the financial statements and financial statement schedule, which appears in this Current Report on Form 8-K.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Houston, Texas
June 3, 2009

 

EX-99.1 4 h66917exv99w1.htm EX-99.1 exv99w1
Exhibit 99.1
EXTERRAN HOLDINGS, INC.
HISTORICAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008
Note:
The historical financial information included in this Exhibit 99.1 is presented in accordance with the requirements of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51” (“SFAS No. 160”), which was adopted as of January 1, 2009.
Index to Exhibit 99.1
         
    Page No.
Item 6.    Selected Financial Data
    F-2  
Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
    F-5  
Item 8.    Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
    F-26  
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
    F-71  

 


 

Item 6. Selected Financial Data
In the table below we have presented certain selected financial data for Exterran for each of the five years in the period ended December 31, 2008. The historical consolidated financial data for 2005 through 2008 has been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. The historical consolidated financial data for 2004 has been derived from our consolidated financial statements. The following information should be read together with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Financial Statements which are contained in this report.
                                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2008     2007(1)     2006(1)     2005(1)     2004(1)  
    (In thousands, except per share data)  
Statement of Operations Data:
                                       
Revenues
  $ 3,178,653     $ 2,540,485     $ 1,593,321     $ 1,304,311     $ 1,149,238  
Gross margin(2)
    1,121,006       822,309       546,784       464,659       423,878  
Selling, general and administrative
    374,737       265,057       197,282       176,831       170,010  
Merger and integration expenses
    11,475       46,723                    
Depreciation and amortization
    373,602       252,716       175,927       172,649       165,058  
Fleet impairment(3)
    24,109       61,945                    
Goodwill impairment(4)
    1,148,371                          
Interest expense
    129,723       130,092       123,496       146,959       157,228  
Early extinguishment of debt(5)
          70,150       5,902       7,318        
Equity in income of non-consolidated affiliates
    (23,974 )     (12,498 )     (19,430 )     (21,466 )     (19,780 )
Other (income) expense, net
    (18,760 )     (44,646 )     (50,897 )     (8,198 )     (15,151 )
Provision for income taxes
    37,197       11,894       28,782       27,714       24,767  
 
                             
Income (loss) from continuing operations
    (935,474 )     40,876       85,722       (37,148 )     (54,091 )
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax
                370              
 
                             
Net income (loss)
    (935,076 )     40,876       86,523       (38,017 )     (44,006 )
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
    12,273       6,307                    
 
                             
Net income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders
    (947,349 )     34,569       86,523       (38,017 )     (44,006 )
 
                             
Income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders per share from continuing operations(6):
                                       
Basic
  $ (14.68 )   $ 0.76     $ 2.61     $ (1.25 )   $ (1.96 )
 
                             
Diluted
  $ (14.68 )   $ 0.75     $ 2.48     $ (1.25 )   $ (1.96 )
 
                             
Weighted average common and equivalent shares outstanding(6):
                                       
Basic
    64,580       45,580       32,883       29,756       27,557  
 
                             
Diluted
    64,580       46,300       36,411       29,756       27,557  
 
                             
Other Financial Data:
                                       
Capital expenditures:
                                       
Contract Operations Equipment:
                                       
Growth
  $ 287,674     $ 190,251     $ 115,254     $ 79,279     $ 27,871  
Maintenance
    141,152       115,127       82,911       61,102       42,987  
Other
    80,444       46,812       48,418       14,765       19,638  
Cash flows provided by (used in):
                                       
Operating activities
  $ 484,117     $ 239,710     $ 209,089     $ 122,487     $ 131,837  
Investing activities
    (582,901 )     (302,268 )     (168,168 )     (104,027 )     11,129  
Financing activities
    86,398       135,727       (18,134 )     (6,890 )     (162,350 )
Balance Sheet Data:
                                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 126,391     $ 149,224     $ 73,286     $ 48,233     $ 38,076  
Working capital(7)
    777,909       670,482       326,565       351,694       301,893  
Property, plant and equipment, net
    3,673,866       3,533,505       1,863,452       1,823,100       1,876,348  
Total assets
    6,092,627       6,863,523       3,070,889       2,862,996       2,771,229  
Debt
    2,512,429       2,333,924       1,369,931       1,478,948       1,643,616  
Total Exterran stockholders’ equity
    2,043,786       3,162,260       1,014,282       909,782       760,055  

F-2


 

 
(1)   Universal’s financial results have been included in our consolidated financial statements after the merger date on August 20, 2007. Financial information for prior periods is not comparable with 2008 and 2007 due to the impact of this business combination on our financial position and results of operation. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 (“Financial Statements”) of this report for a description of the merger. See Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of this report for further discussion about the impact of the merger on our results of operations and financial position for the years ended and as of December 31, 2008 and 2007.
 
(2)   Gross margin is defined, reconciled to net income (loss) and discussed further in Item 6 (“Selected Financial Data — Non-GAAP Financial Measure”) of this report.
 
(3)   We are involved in the Cawthorne Channel Project in Nigeria, in which Global has contracted with Shell to process natural gas from some of Shell’s Nigerian oil and natural gas fields. The area in Nigeria where the Cawthorne Channel Project is located has experienced local civil unrest and violence in recent history and has not been operational for much of the Project’s life. As a result of ongoing operational difficulties and taking into consideration the project’s historical performance and recent declines in commodity prices, we undertook an assessment of our estimated future cash flows from the Cawthorne Channel Project. Based on the analysis we completed, we believe that we will not recover all of our remaining investment in the Cawthorne Channel Project. Accordingly, we recorded an impairment charge of $21.6 million in our fourth quarter 2008 results to reduce the carrying amount of our assets associated with the Cawthorne Channel Project to their estimated fair value. In the first quarter of 2008, management identified certain fleet units that will not be used in our contract operations business in the future and recorded a $1.5 million impairment. During the third quarter of 2008, we recorded a $1.0 million impairment related to the loss sustained on offshore units that were on platforms which capsized during Hurricane Ike.
 
    Following the completion of the merger, management reviewed our fleet for units that would not be of the type, configuration, make or model that management would want to continue to offer after the merger with Universal due to the cost to refurbish the equipment, the incremental costs of maintaining more types of equipment and the increased financial flexibility of the new company to build new units in the configuration currently in demand by our customers. As a result of this review, we recorded an impairment to our fleet assets of $61.9 million in the third quarter of 2007.
 
(4)   We recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $1,148.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2008. In the second half of 2008, there were severe disruptions in the credit and capital markets and reductions in global economic activity, which had significant adverse impacts on stock markets and oil-and-gas-related commodity prices, both of which we believe contributed to a significant decline in our company’s stock price and corresponding market capitalization. We determined that the fourth quarter 2008 continuation and deepening recession and financial market crisis, along with the continuing decline in the market value of our common stock, resulted in an impairment of all of the goodwill in our North America contract operations reporting unit. See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for further discussion of this goodwill impairment charge.
 
(5)   In the third quarter of 2007, we refinanced a significant portion of Universal’s and Hanover’s debt that existed before the merger. We recorded $70.2 million of debt extinguishment charges related to this refinancing. The charges related to a call premium and tender fees paid to retire various Hanover notes that were part of the debt refinancing and a charge of $16.4 million related to the write-off of deferred financing costs in conjunction with the refinancing.
 
(6)   As a result of the merger between Hanover and Universal, each outstanding share of common stock of Universal was converted into one share of Exterran common stock and each outstanding share of Hanover common stock was converted into 0.325 shares of Exterran common stock. All share and per share amounts have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the conversion ratio of Hanover common stock for all periods presented.
 
(7)   Working capital is defined as current assets minus current liabilities.

F-3


 

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURE
We define gross margin as total revenue less cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization expense). Gross margin is included as a supplemental disclosure because it is a primary measure used by our management as it represents the results of revenue and cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization expense), which are key components of our operations. We believe gross margin is important because it focuses on the current operating performance of our operations and excludes the impact of the prior historical costs of the assets acquired or constructed that are utilized in those operations, the indirect costs associated with our selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) activities, the impact of our financing methods and income taxes. Depreciation expense may not accurately reflect the costs required to maintain and replenish the operational usage of our assets and therefore may not portray the costs from current operating activity. As an indicator of our operating performance, gross margin should not be considered an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net income (loss) as determined in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“GAAP”). Our gross margin may not be comparable to a similarly titled measure of another company because other entities may not calculate gross margin in the same manner.
Gross margin has certain material limitations associated with its use as compared to net income (loss). These limitations are primarily due to the exclusion of interest expense, depreciation and amortization expense and SG&A expense. Each of these excluded expenses is material to our consolidated results of operations. Because we intend to finance a portion of our operations through borrowings, interest expense is a necessary element of our costs and our ability to generate revenue. Additionally, because we use capital assets, depreciation expense is a necessary element of our costs and our ability to generate revenue, and SG&A expenses are necessary costs to support our operations and required corporate activities. To compensate for these limitations, management uses this non-GAAP measure as a supplemental measure to other GAAP results to provide a more complete understanding of our performance.
The following table reconciles our net income (loss) to gross margin (in thousands):
                                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2008     2007     2006     2005     2004  
Net income (loss)
  $ (935,076 )   $ 40,876     $ 86,523     $ (38,017 )   $ (44,006 )
Selling, general and administrative
    374,737       265,057       197,282       176,831       170,010  
Merger and integration expenses
    11,475       46,723                    
Depreciation and amortization
    373,602       252,716       175,927       172,649       165,058  
Fleet impairment
    24,109       61,945                    
Goodwill impairment
    1,148,371                          
Interest expense
    129,723       130,092       123,496       146,959       157,228  
Early extinguishment of debt
          70,150       5,902       7,318        
Equity in income of non-consolidated affiliates
    (23,974 )     (12,498 )     (19,430 )     (21,466 )     (19,780 )
Other (income) expense, net
    (18,760 )     (44,646 )     (50,897 )     (8,198 )     (15,151 )
Provision for income taxes
    37,197       11,894       28,782       27,714       24,767  
Securities related litigation settlement
                            (4,163 )
(Income) loss from discontinued operations, net of tax
    (398 )           (368 )     756       (6,314 )
(Gain) loss from sale of discontinued operations, net of tax
                (63 )     113       (3,771 )
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax
                (370 )            
 
                             
Gross margin
  $ 1,121,006     $ 822,309     $ 546,784     $ 464,659     $ 423,878  
 
                             

F-4


 

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements, and the notes thereto, and the other financial information appearing elsewhere in this report. The following discussion includes forward-looking statements that involve certain risks and uncertainties. See Disclosure Regarding Forward Looking Statements and Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Overview
We are a global market leader in the full service natural gas compression business and a premier provider of operations, maintenance, service and equipment for oil and natural gas production, processing and transportation applications. Our global customer base consists of companies engaged in all aspects of the oil and natural gas industry, including large integrated oil and natural gas companies, national oil and natural gas companies, independent producers and natural gas processors, gatherers and pipelines. We operate in three primary business lines: contract operations, fabrication and aftermarket services. In our contract operations business line, we own a fleet of natural gas compression equipment and crude oil and natural gas production and processing equipment that we utilize to provide operations services to our customers. In our fabrication business line, we fabricate and sell equipment that is similar to the equipment that we own and utilize to provide contract operations to our customers. We also utilize our expertise and fabrication facilities to build equipment utilized in our contract operations services. Our fabrication business line also provides engineering, procurement and construction services primarily related to the manufacturing of critical process equipment for refinery and petrochemical facilities, the construction of tank farms and the construction of evaporators and brine heaters for desalination plants. In our Total Solutions projects, we can provide the engineering design, project management, procurement and construction services necessary to incorporate our products into complete production, processing and compression facilities. Total Solutions products are offered to our customers on a contract operations or on a turn-key sale basis. In our aftermarket services business line, we sell parts and components and provide operations, maintenance, overhaul and reconfiguration services to customers who own compression, production, gas treating and oilfield power generation equipment.
Hanover and Universal Merger
On August 20, 2007, Hanover and Universal completed their business combination pursuant to a merger. As a result of the merger, each of Universal and Hanover became our wholly-owned subsidiary, and Universal merged with and into us. Hanover was determined to be the acquirer for accounting purposes and, therefore, our financial statements and the financial information included herein reflect Hanover’s historical results for the periods prior to the merger date. For more information regarding the merger, see Note 2 to the Financial Statements.
Industry Conditions and Trends
Our business environment and its corresponding operating results are affected by the level of energy industry spending for the exploration, development and production of oil and natural gas reserves. Spending by oil and natural gas exploration and production companies is dependent upon these companies’ forecasts regarding the expected future supply and future demand for oil and natural gas products and their estimates of risk-adjusted costs to find, develop and produce reserves. Although our contract operations business is less impacted by commodity prices than certain other energy service products and services, changes in oil and natural gas exploration and production spending will normally result in increased or decreased demand for our products and services.
Natural Gas Consumption. Natural gas consumption in the U.S. for the twelve months ended November 30, 2008 increased by approximately 2% over the twelve months ended November 30, 2007 and is expected to increase by 0.7% per year until 2030, according to the EIA. Natural gas consumption in areas outside the U.S. is projected to increase by 2.6% per year until 2030, according to the EIA.
For 2007, the U.S. accounted for an estimated annual production of approximately 19 trillion cubic feet of natural gas, or 19% of the worldwide total, compared to an estimated annual production of approximately 81 trillion cubic feet in the rest of the world. The EIA estimates that the U.S.’s natural gas production level will be approximately 20 trillion cubic feet in 2030, or 12% of the worldwide total, compared to an estimated annual production of approximately 139 trillion cubic feet in the rest of the world.

F-5


 

Natural Gas Compression Services Industry. The natural gas compression services industry has experienced a significant increase in the demand for its products and services since the early 1990s, and we believe the market for our products in the U.S. will continue to have growth opportunities over time due to the following factors, among others:
    aging producing natural gas fields will require more compression to continue producing the same volume of natural gas; and
 
    increased production from unconventional sources, which include tight sands, shales and coal beds, generally requires more compression than production from conventional sources to produce the same volume of natural gas.
While the international natural gas contract compression services market is currently smaller than the U.S. market, we believe there are growth opportunities in international demand for our products due to the following factors:
    implementation of international environmental and conservation laws preventing the practice of flaring natural gas and recognition of natural gas as a clean air fuel;
 
    a desire by a number of oil exporting nations to replace oil with natural gas as a fuel source in local markets to allow greater export of oil;
 
    increasing development of pipeline infrastructure, particularly in Latin America and Asia, necessary to transport natural gas to local markets; and
 
    growing demand for electrical power generation, for which the fuel of choice tends to be natural gas.
Our Performance Trends and Outlook
Given the current economic environment in North America and anticipated impact of lower natural gas prices and capital spending by customers, we expect lower overall activity levels in 2009 than in 2008. In addition, we believe that the available supply of idle and underutilized compression equipment owned by our customers and competitors will limit our ability to improve our horsepower utilization and revenues in the near term. In international markets, although we expect a decline in demand for our contract operations services, we believe there will continue to be demand for our Total Solutions projects throughout Latin America and the Eastern Hemisphere.
Currently, we believe the recent decline in commodity prices and the impact of uncertain credit and capital market conditions resulting from the global financial crisis will negatively impact the level of capital spending by our customers in 2009 in comparison to 2008 levels. While we believe that, barring a significant and extended worldwide recession, industry activity outside of North America should remain strong given the longer-term nature of natural gas infrastructure development projects in international markets, the effects of lower capital spending by our customers are expected to negatively impact demand for our products and services in North America. As we anticipate industry capital spending in North America will decline in 2009 from 2008 levels, we believe our fabrication business segment will likely see order cancellations and requests by our customers to delay delivery on existing backlog, as well as an overall reduction in demand and profitability. These conditions are also expected to negatively impact our contract operations business segment, although the effects could be less severe on that business because it is more closely tied to natural gas production than drilling activities and, therefore, it has historically experienced more stable demand than that for certain other energy service products and services.
Although we are not able at this time to predict the final impact of the current financial market and industry conditions on our business in 2009, we believe that, although the demand for our products and services are expected to be lower in 2009 than 2008, we are well positioned both from a capital and competitive perspective to take advantage of opportunities that may become available during this period of uncertainty. We will continue to evaluate the impact of these trends on our business as the market and industry environment continue to evolve.
Our revenue, earnings and financial position are affected by, among other things, (i) market conditions that impact demand for compression and oil and natural gas production and processing, (ii) our customers’ decisions to utilize our products and services rather than purchase equipment or engage our competitors; and (iii) our customers’ decisions regarding whether to renew service agreements with us. In particular, many of our North America contract operations agreements with customers have short initial terms, and we cannot be certain that such contracts will be renewed after the end of the initial contractual term; any such nonrenewal could adversely impact our results of operations. Our level of capital spending depends on the demand for our products and services and the equipment

F-6


 

we require to render services to our customers. For further information regarding material uncertainties to which our business is exposed, see Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
We are investing in key initiatives to help support our future growth. These initiatives include an increased marketing and business development commitment and the conversion of certain of our locations to our enterprise resource planning system.
We intend for the Partnership to be the primary vehicle for the growth of our U.S. contract operations business. To this end, we intend to continue to contribute over time additional U.S. contract operations customer contracts and equipment to the Partnership in exchange for cash and/or additional interests in the Partnership. Such transactions would depend on, among other things, market conditions, our ability to reach agreement with the Partnership regarding the terms of any purchase and the Partnership’s ability to finance any such purchase. While the timing of additional transfers of our contract operations business to the Partnership will depend on the economic environment, including the availability to the Partnership of debt and equity capital, we believe it is less likely currently than it was a year ago that we will offer portions of the business to the Partnership unless there is an improvement in economic conditions and overall costs of and access to the capital markets.
Certain Key Challenges and Uncertainties
Market conditions in the natural gas industry, competition in the natural gas compression industry and the risks inherent in our on-going international expansion continue to represent key challenges and uncertainties. In addition to those, we believe the following represent some of the key challenges and uncertainties we will face in the near future:
Labor. Both in North America and internationally, we believe our ability to hire, train and retain qualified personnel continues to be challenging and important. In particular, the supply of experienced operational, engineering and field personnel continues to be tight and our demand for such personnel remains strong. Although we have been able to satisfy our personnel needs in these positions thus far, retaining these employees has been a challenge. To increase retention of qualified operating personnel, we have instituted programs that enhance skills and provide on-going training. Our ability to continue our growth will depend in part on our success in hiring, training and retaining these employees.
Compression Fleet Utilization. Our ability to increase our revenues in our contract operations business is dependent in part on our ability to increase our utilization of our idle fleet. We believe that the available supply of idle or underutilized compression equipment owned by our customers and competitors will limit our ability to improve our horsepower utilization and revenues in the near term. In addition, over the course of the last several years, the utilization of our small and mid-range horsepower compressors has decreased due to lower demand for those units by our customers and increased competition with respect to those units. We believe that the lower customer demand has been driven by our lack of investment in new, smaller horsepower compressors coupled with a replacement of such compressors with larger horsepower compressors as producers attempt to improve economics by maintaining lower pressures in gathering lines. We also believe that the increase in competition for these units has been driven by the low barriers to entry, including relatively low historical capital costs, associated with providing contract compression services with smaller horsepower compressors. While we believe the demand for smaller horsepower compressor units will increase over time due to the favorable fundamentals of the compression industry, further utilization declines could have an adverse effect on our future business.
Execution on Larger Contract Operations and Fabrication Projects. As our business has grown, the size and scope of some of the contracts with our customers has increased. This increase in size and scope can translate into more technically challenging conditions and/or performance specifications. Contracts with our customers generally specify delivery dates, performance criteria and penalties for our failure to perform. Our success on such projects is one of our key challenges. If we do not timely and cost effectively execute on such larger projects, our results of operations and cash flows could be negatively impacted.
Managing Operating Costs in an Uncertain Economic Environment. Given the global recession and its uncertain impact on 2009 activity levels, the matching of our costs and capacity to business levels will be challenging.
Decline in Commodity Prices and Global Financial Crisis. Currently, we believe the recent decline in commodity prices and the impact of uncertain credit and capital market conditions resulting from the global financial crisis will negatively impact the level of capital spending by our customers in 2009. While we believe that, barring a significant and extended worldwide recession, industry activity outside of North America should remain strong given the longer-term nature of natural gas infrastructure development projects in international markets, the effects of lower capital spending by our customers are expected to negatively impact demand for our products and services in North America. Should industry capital spending in North America decline, we believe our fabrication

F-7


 

business segment will likely see order cancellations and requests by our customers to delay delivery on existing backlog, as well as a reduction in demand and profitability. These conditions are also expected to negatively impact our contract operations business segment, although the effects could be less severe on that business because it is more closely tied to natural gas production than drilling activities and, therefore, it has historically experienced more stable demand than that for certain other energy service products and services.
Possible Delay in Implementation of Partnership Growth Strategy. We intend for the Partnership to be the primary vehicle for the growth of our U.S. contract operations business. As we and the Partnership believe that over time the Partnership has a lower cost of capital due to its partnership structure, we intend to offer the Partnership the opportunity to purchase the remainder of our U.S. contract operations business over time, but are not obligated to do so. While the timing of additional transfers of our contract operations business to the Partnership will depend on the economic environment, including the availability to the Partnership of debt and equity capital, we believe it is less likely currently than it was a year ago that we will offer portions of the business to the Partnership unless there is an improvement in economic conditions and overall costs of and access to the capital markets.
Summary of Results
Net income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders. We recorded a consolidated net loss attributable to Exterran stockholders of $947.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, as compared to consolidated net income attributable to Exterran stockholders of $34.6 million and $86.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Our results for 2008, 2007 and 2006 were affected by charges and events that may not necessarily be indicative of our core operations or our future prospects and impact comparability between years. Net loss attributable to Exterran stockholders in the year ended December 31, 2008 includes a goodwill impairment of $1,148.4 million ($1,095.4 million, net of tax).
Results by Business Segment. The following table summarizes revenues, cost of sales and gross margin percentages (defined as revenue less cost of sales, excluding depreciation and amortization expense, divided by revenue) for each of our business segments:
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2008     2007     2006  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
Revenue:
                       
North America Contract Operations
  $ 790,573     $ 551,140     $ 384,292  
International Contract Operations
    516,891       336,807       263,228  
Aftermarket Services
    381,617       274,489       179,043  
Fabrication
    1,489,572       1,378,049       766,758  
 
                 
 
  $ 3,178,653     $ 2,540,485     $ 1,593,321  
 
                 
 
                       
Cost of sales:
                       
North America Contract Operations
  $ 341,865     $ 232,238     $ 156,554  
International Contract Operations
    191,296       126,861       96,631  
Aftermarket Services
    304,430       214,497       139,633  
Fabrication
    1,220,056       1,144,580       653,719  
 
                 
 
  $ 2,057,647     $ 1,718,176     $ 1,046,537  
 
                 
 
                       
Gross margin percentage:
                       
North America Contract Operations
    57 %     58 %     59 %
International Contract Operations
    63 %     62 %     63 %
Aftermarket Services
    20 %     22 %     22 %
Fabrication
    18 %     17 %     15 %

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Operating Highlights
The following tables summarize our total available horsepower, operating horsepower, horsepower utilization percentages and fabrication backlog:
                 
    December 31, 2008   December 31, 2007
    (Horsepower in thousands)
Total Available Horsepower (at period end):
               
North America
    4,570       4,514  
International
    1,504       1,447  
 
               
Total
    6,074       5,961  
 
               
Operating Horsepower (at period end):
               
North America
    3,455       3,632  
International
    1,372       1,306  
 
               
Total
    4,827       4,938  
 
               
Horsepower Utilization (spot at period end):
               
North America
    76 %     80 %
International
    91 %     90 %
Total
    79 %     83 %
                         
    December 31,  
    2008     2007     2006  
    (In millions)  
Compressor and Accessory Fabrication Backlog
  $ 395.5     $ 321.9     $ 325.1  
Production and Processing Equipment Fabrication Backlog
    732.7       787.6       482.5  
 
                 
Fabrication Backlog
  $ 1,128.2     $ 1,109.5     $ 807.6  
 
                 
Year Ended December 31, 2008 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2007
The results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2007 include Universal’s operations for the 134 days from the date of the merger, August 20, 2007, through December 31, 2007. Accordingly, these results of operations are not representative of a full year of operating results for Exterran.
Summary
Revenue. Revenue for the year ended December 31, 2008 increased 25% to $3,178.7 million from $2,540.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. The increase in revenues in the year ended December 31, 2008 was primarily due to the inclusion of Universal’s results for the entire period compared to the prior year, which included Universal’s results only after the merger date of August 20, 2007 through the end of the period.
Net income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders. Net loss attributable to Exterran stockholders for the year ended December 31, 2008 was $947.3 million, or a decrease of $981.9 million, as compared to net income attributable to Exterran stockholders of $34.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. Net loss attributable to Exterran stockholders in the year ended December 31, 2008 includes a goodwill impairment of $1,148.4 million ($1,095.4 million, net of tax). Results for the year ended December 31, 2008 includes Universal’s results for the entire 2008 year period compared to the prior year, which included Universal’s results only after the merger date of August 20, 2007 through the end of the period.

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Net income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 was impacted by the following charges (in millions):
                 
    Years Ended  
    December 31,  
    2008     2007  
Merger and integration expense
  $ 11.5     $ 46.7  
Early extinguishment of debt
          70.2  
Fleet impairments
    24.1       61.9  
Goodwill impairment
    1,148.4        
Impairment of investment in non-consolidated affiliate (recorded in Equity in income of non-consolidated affiliates)
          6.7  
Interest rate swap termination (recorded in Interest expense)
          7.0  
 
           
Total
  $ 1,184.0     $ 192.5  
 
           
Summary of Business Segment Results
North America Contract Operations
                         
    Years Ended December 31,     Increase  
    2008     2007     (Decrease)  
    (In thousands)  
Revenue
  $ 790,573     $ 551,140       43 %
Cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization expense)
    341,865       232,238       47 %
 
                   
Gross margin
  $ 448,708     $ 318,902       41 %
Gross margin percentage
    57 %     58 %     (1 )%
The increase in revenue, cost of sales and gross margin (defined as revenue less cost of sales, excluding depreciation and amortization expense) was primarily due to the inclusion of Universal’s results for the entire year ended December 31, 2008 compared to the prior year, which included Universal’s results only after the merger date of August 20, 2007 through the end of the period. Gross margin, a non-GAAP financial measure, is reconciled, in total, to net income (loss), its most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP in Selected Financial Data — Non-GAAP Financial Measure of this report. The increase in revenues from Universal after the merger was somewhat offset by a decrease in average utilization in 2008. Revenue for the year ended December 31, 2008 benefited by $13.9 million from the inclusion of the results of EMIT Water Discharge Technology, LLC (“EMIT”), which we acquired in July 2008. The decrease in gross margin percentage was due to higher costs for labor and consumables and lower average utilization without a corresponding reduction in costs, partially offset by savings that began to be realized from the synergies of the merger.
International Contract Operations
                         
    Years Ended December 31,     Increase  
    2008     2007     (Decrease)  
    (In thousands)  
Revenue
  $ 516,891     $ 336,807       53 %
Cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization expense)
    191,296       126,861       51 %
 
                   
Gross margin
  $ 325,595     $ 209,946       55 %
Gross margin percentage
    63 %     62 %     1 %
The increase in revenue, cost of sales and gross margin was primarily due to the inclusion of Universal’s results for the entire year ended December 31, 2008 compared to the prior year, which included Universal’s results only after the merger date of August 20, 2007 through the end of the period, and an increase of approximately $39.4 million in revenues in Venezuela. The increase in revenues in Venezuela primarily related to having a full year of revenues in the year ended December 31, 2008 related to a large contract operations job that started in the fourth quarter of 2007. Our operations in Argentina, Venezuela and Brazil accounted for approximately 71% of the increase in revenues. Revenue related to our Nigerian Cawthorne Channel Project was not recognized during the years ended December 31, 2008 or 2007; however, we recorded expenses of $5.6 million and $4.8 million related to this project during the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. For further information regarding the Cawthorne Channel Project, see Note 20 to the Financial Statements.

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Aftermarket Services
                         
    Years Ended December 31,     Increase  
    2008     2007     (Decrease)  
    (In thousands)  
Revenue
  $ 381,617     $ 274,489       39 %
Cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization expense)
    304,430       214,497       42 %
 
                   
Gross margin
  $ 77,187     $ 59,992       29 %
Gross margin percentage
    20 %     22 %     (2 )%
The increase in revenue, cost of sales and gross margin was primarily due to the inclusion of Universal’s results for the entire year ended December 31, 2008 compared to the prior year, which included Universal’s results only after the merger date of August 20, 2007 through the end of the period. North America aftermarket services accounted for approximately 75% of the increase in revenues. The decrease in gross margin percentage was primarily due to reduced margins on aftermarket services provided internationally.
Fabrication
                         
    Years Ended December 31,     Increase  
    2008     2007     (Decrease)  
    (In thousands)  
Revenue
  $ 1,489,572     $ 1,378,049       8 %
Cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization expense)
    1,220,056       1,144,580       7 %
 
                   
Gross margin
  $ 269,516     $ 233,469       15 %
Gross margin percentage
    18 %     17 %     1 %
The increase in revenue and gross margin was primarily due to the inclusion of Universal’s results for the entire year ended December 31, 2008 compared to the prior year, which included Universal’s results only after the merger date of August 20, 2007 through the end of the period, partially offset by approximately $123.7 million less in installation revenues in the year ended December 31, 2008. Results for the year ended December 31, 2007 included the recognition of a $66 million installation project in the Eastern Hemisphere.
Our results for the year ended December 31, 2007 also included approximately $49.1 million of Universal’s revenues related to three projects in the Eastern Hemisphere accounted for under the completed contract method of accounting that were near completion on the merger date and were completed by December 31, 2007. Due to the adjustment to record Universal’s inventory at fair value pursuant to the allocation of the purchase price on the date of merger, the value of the inventory related to these projects was increased to their sales price, which resulted in a gross margin percentage of 0% on these projects. For further information regarding the purchase price allocation with the merger, see Note 2 to the Financial Statements.
Costs and expenses
                         
    Years Ended December 31,   Increase
    2008   2007   (Decrease)
    (In thousands)
Selling, general and administrative
  $ 374,737     $ 265,057       41 %
Merger and integration expenses
    11,475       46,723       (75 )%
Depreciation and amortization
    373,602       252,716       48 %
Fleet impairment
    24,109       61,945       (61 )%
Goodwill impairment
    1,148,371             100 %
Interest expense
    129,723       130,092       0 %
Early extinguishment of debt
          70,150       (100 )%
Equity in income of non-consolidated affiliates
    (23,974 )     (12,498 )     (92 )%
Other (income) expense, net
    (18,760 )     (44,646 )     58 %
The increase in SG&A expenses was primarily due to the inclusion of Universal’s results for the entire year ended December 31, 2008 compared to the prior year, which included Universal’s results only after the merger date of August 20, 2007 through the end of the period. As a percentage of revenue, SG&A for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 was 12% and 10%, respectively.

F-11


 

During the year ended December 31, 2008, merger and integration expenses related to the merger between Hanover and Universal were primarily comprised of professional fees, amortization of retention bonus awards, change of control payments and severance for employees. During the year ended December 31, 2007, merger and integration expenses were primarily comprised of amortization of retention bonus awards, acceleration of vesting of restricted stock, stock options and long-term cash incentives, change of control payments for executives and severance for employees.
The increase in depreciation and amortization expense was primarily due to the inclusion of Universal’s results for the entire year ended December 31, 2008 compared to the prior year, which included Universal’s results only after the merger date of August 20, 2007 through the end of the period, and property, plant and equipment additions. Amortization expense of intangible assets from the Hanover and Universal merger and other acquisitions was $38.7 million and $15.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
We are involved in the Cawthorne Channel Project in Nigeria, in which Global has contracted with Shell to process natural gas from some of Shell’s Nigerian oil and natural gas fields. The area in Nigeria where the Cawthorne Channel Project is located has experienced local civil unrest and violence in recent history and has not been operational for much of the project’s life. As a result of ongoing operational difficulties and taking into consideration the project’s historical performance and recent declines in commodity prices, we undertook an assessment of our estimated future cash flows from the Cawthorne Channel Project. Based on the analysis we completed, we believe that we will not recover all of our remaining investment in the Cawthorne Channel Project. Accordingly, we recorded an impairment charge of $21.6 million in our fourth quarter 2008 results to reduce the carrying amount of our assets associated with the Cawthorne Channel Project to their estimated fair value which is reflected in fleet impairment expense in our consolidated statements of operations.
Management identified certain fleet units that will not be used in our contract operations business in the future and recorded a $1.5 million impairment in the first quarter of 2008. During the third quarter of 2008, we recorded a $1.0 million impairment related to the loss sustained on offshore units that were on platforms which capsized during Hurricane Ike. In the third quarter of 2007, we recorded an impairment of fleet equipment of $61.9 million. Following completion of the merger between Hanover and Universal, our management reviewed the compression fleet assets used in our business that existed at the merger date. Management reviewed our fleet for units that were not of the type, configuration, make or model that management wanted to continue to offer due to the cost to refurbish the equipment, the incremental costs of maintaining more types of equipment and the increased financial flexibility of the new company to build new units in the configuration currently in demand by our customers. Prior to the merger, we had planned to rebuild or reconfigure these units over time to make them into the configurations currently in demand by customers. We performed a cash flow analysis of the expected proceeds from the disposition to determine the fair value for the fleet assets we decided to dispose of. The net book value of the fleet assets to be disposed of, previously owned by Hanover, exceeded the fair value by $61.9 million, which was recorded as an impairment of our long-lived assets in the third quarter of 2007. The impairment is recorded in fleet impairment expense in the consolidated statements of operations.
We recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $1,148.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2008. In the second half of 2008, there were severe disruptions in the credit and capital markets and reductions in global economic activity which had significant adverse impacts on stock markets and oil-and-gas-related commodity prices, both of which we believe contributed to a significant decline in our stock price and corresponding market capitalization. We determined that the fourth quarter 2008 continuation and deepening recession and financial market crisis, along with the continuing decline in the market value of our common stock resulted in an impairment of all the goodwill in our North America contract operations reporting unit. See Note 9 for further discussion of this goodwill impairment charge.
Interest expense in the year ended December 31, 2008 was impacted by a higher average debt balance due to the addition of Universal’s debt after the merger compared to our average debt balance before the merger and was impacted by a reduction in our weighted average effective interest rate. Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2007 included a $7.0 million charge from the termination of two fair value hedges. Our weighted average effective interest rate, including the impact of interest rate swaps, decreased to 5.2% for the year ended December 31, 2008 from 6.6% (excluding the $7.0 million charge for termination of interest rate swaps) for the year ended December 31, 2007. The decrease in our effective interest rate was primarily due to the refinancing entered into after the merger.
The early extinguishment of debt in the year ended December 31, 2007 relates to the call premium and tender fees paid to retire various Hanover notes as part of the debt refinancing following the merger and a charge of $16.4 million related to the write-off of deferred financing costs in conjunction with that refinancing, which was completed during the third quarter of 2007. For further information regarding the debt refinancing, see Note 11 to the Financial Statements.

F-12


 

The increase in equity in income of non-consolidated affiliates was primarily due to higher equity income in our Venezuelan joint venture, PIGAP II, in the year ended December 31, 2008 and a $6.7 million impairment charge recorded in the third quarter of 2007 on our investment in the SIMCO/Harwat Consortium due to the decline in the value of our investment that was determined to be other than temporary. This decline in value of our investment was caused primarily by increased costs to operate the business that were not expected to improve in the near term. We have a 30.0% ownership interest in the PIGAP II joint venture that operates gas compression plants. During the year ended December 31, 2008, we recorded equity income of $20.2 million related to PIGAP II compared to $16.0 million in equity income for the year ended December 31, 2007. The increase in equity in income from our investment in PIGAP II was primarily due to an increase in the volume of gas processed from an expansion of the scope of the project during the year ended December 31, 2008.
The change in other (income) expense, net, was primarily due to foreign currency translation losses of $10.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to a gain of $7.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. The foreign currency translation losses are primarily related to the remeasurement of our international subsidiaries’ net assets exposed to changes in foreign currency rates and a $3.9 million loss on a foreign currency hedge in the year ended December 31, 2008. The increase in the foreign currency translation losses for year ended December 31, 2008 was primarily caused by the U.S. dollar strengthening compared to the Canadian dollar, Brazilian Real and Euro in the year ended December 31, 2008. The change in other (income) expense, net was also impacted by an $8.5 million decrease in gains on sales of trading securities and by a $3.3 million decrease in gains on sales of used equipment in the year ended December 31, 2008. From time to time, we purchase short-term debt securities denominated in U.S. dollars and exchange them for short-term debt securities denominated in local currency in Latin America to achieve more favorable exchange rates. These funds are utilized in our international contract operations, which have experienced an increase in operating costs due to local inflation.
Income Taxes
                         
    Years Ended December 31,   Increase
    2008   2007   (Decrease)
    (In thousands)
Provision for income taxes
  $ 37,197     $ 11,894       213 %
Effective tax rate
    (4.1 )%     22.5 %     (26.6 )%
The increase in the provision for income taxes was primarily due to an increase in income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes, excluding a goodwill impairment charge of 1,148.4 million, partially offset by the tax deductible portion of the goodwill impairment of $143.1 million. The change in our provision for income taxes was further impacted by (i) a $10.8 million increase primarily related to benefits recorded in 2007 from the reversal of valuation allowances recorded against net operating losses of certain foreign subsidiaries, (ii) a $3.9 million charge for foreign tax audit assessments received in 2008, (iii) a $3.5 million charge for the tax effect of enacted state and foreign tax law changes in 2008 as compared to 2007, (iv) a $5.3 million benefit from increased foreign tax credits claimed in 2008 as compared to 2007 and (v) a $2.5 million benefit from the reduction in unrecognized tax benefits, primarily due to a favorable foreign court decision in 2008.
Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest
As of December 31, 2008, income attributable to noncontrolling interest is primarily comprised of the portion of the Partnership’s capital and earnings that is applicable to the 43% interest in the Partnership not owned by us. We acquired our ownership of the Partnership through the merger with Universal (see Note 2 to the Financial Statements). Income attributable to noncontrolling interest was higher in the year ended December 31, 2008 primarily due to the inclusion of the Partnership’s results for the entire period compared to the prior year, which included the Partnership’s results only after the merger date of August 20, 2007 through the end of the period.

F-13


 

Year Ended December 31, 2007 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2006
The results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2007 include Universal’s operations for the 134 days from the date of the merger, August 20, 2007, through December 31, 2007.
Summary
Revenue. Revenue for the year ended December 31, 2007 increased 59% to $2,540.5 million from $1,593.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. Approximately $450.5 million and $162.0 million of the increase in revenues and gross margin (defined as revenues less cost of sales, excluding depreciation and amortization expense), respectively, was due to the inclusion of Universal’s financial results after the merger date on August 20, 2007. Gross margin, a non-GAAP financial measure, is reconciled, in total, to net income (loss), its most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP in Selected Financial Data — Non-GAAP Financial Measure of this report. Revenues in the year ended December 31, 2007 benefited from an improvement in market conditions compared to the year ended December 31, 2006.
Net Income attributable to Exterran stockholders. Net income attributable to Exterran stockholders for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $34.6 million, or a decrease of $51.9 million, as compared to net income attributable to Exterran stockholders of $86.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. Net income attributable to Exterran stockholders in the year ended December 31, 2007 benefited from the inclusion of Universal’s results after the merger and an improvement in market conditions compared to the prior year but decreased due to the charges discussed below. Net income attributable to Exterran stockholders for the year ended December 31, 2006 benefited from an $8.0 million gain on the sale of assets in Canada, a $28.4 million gain on the sale of our U.S. amine treating business and a benefit from the utilization of $36.2 million of net operating and capital losses that previously had a valuation allowance (including the reversal of $10.2 million of the valuation allowance on our net deferred tax assets in the U.S.).
Net income attributable to Exterran stockholders for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 was also impacted by the following charges (in millions):
                 
    Years Ended  
    December 31,  
    2007     2006  
Merger and integration expense
  $ 46.7     $  
Early extinguishment of debt
    70.2       5.9  
Fleet impairment
    61.9        
Impairment of investment in non-consolidated affiliate (recorded in Equity in income of non-consolidated affiliates)
    6.7        
Interest rate swap termination (recorded in Interest expense)
    7.0        
 
           
Total
  $ 192.5     $ 5.9  
 
           
Summary of Business Segment Results
North America Contract Operations
                         
    Years Ended December 31,     Increase  
    2007     2006     (Decrease)  
    (In thousands)  
Revenue
  $ 551,140     $ 384,292       43 %
Cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization expense)
    232,238       156,554       48 %
 
                   
Gross margin
  $ 318,902     $ 227,738       40 %
Gross margin percentage
    58 %     59 %     (1 )%
The increase in revenue and gross margin was primarily due to the inclusion of the Universal results after the merger, which accounted for approximately $158.6 million and $92.9 million of the increase in revenue and gross margin, respectively.

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International Contract Operations
                         
    Years Ended December 31,     Increase  
    2007     2006     (Decrease)  
    (In thousands)  
Revenue
  $ 336,807     $ 263,228       28 %
Cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization expense)
    126,861       96,631       31 %
 
                   
Gross margin
  $ 209,946     $ 166,597       26 %
Gross margin percentage
    62 %     63 %     (1 )%
The increase in revenue and gross margin was primarily due to the inclusion of the Universal results after the merger and accounted for approximately $50.8 million and $37.4 million of the increase in revenue and gross margin of international contract operations, respectively. The remaining increase in international contract operations revenue during the year ended December 31, 2007, compared to the year ended December 31, 2006, was due primarily to increased revenue in Latin America of approximately $21.8 million. Inclusion of Universal’s results after the merger date improved our gross margin percentage (defined as revenue less cost of sales, excluding depreciation and amortization expense, divided by revenue) by approximately 2% for the year ended December 31, 2007. This increase in gross margin percentage was offset by higher labor and repair and maintenance costs in Argentina and the Eastern Hemisphere. Gross margin percentage was also negatively impacted by lower revenues and margins in Nigeria during the year ended December 31, 2007. Revenue related to our Nigerian Cawthorne Channel Project was not recognized during the year ended December 31, 2007; however, we recorded expenses of $4.8 million related to this project. The year ended December 31, 2006 included $7.4 million in revenue and $5.6 million in expenses related to the project. For further information regarding the Cawthorne Channel Project, see Note 20 to the Financial Statements.
Aftermarket Services
                         
    Years Ended December 31,     Increase  
    2007     2006     (Decrease)  
    (In thousands)  
Revenue
  $ 274,489     $ 179,043       53 %
Cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization expense)
    214,497       139,633       54 %
 
                   
Gross margin
  $ 59,992     $ 39,410       52 %
Gross margin percentage
    22 %     22 %     0 %
The increase in revenue and gross margin was primarily due to the inclusion of the Universal results after the merger and accounted for approximately $84.3 million and $17.7 million of the increase in revenue and gross margin of aftermarket services operations, respectively. The remaining increase in aftermarket services revenue and gross margin for the year ended December 31, 2007 was primarily due to an increase in international sales, primarily in the Eastern Hemisphere.
Fabrication
                         
    Years Ended December 31,     Increase  
    2007     2006     (Decrease)  
    (In thousands)  
Revenue
  $ 1,378,049     $ 766,758       80 %
Cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization expense)
    1,144,580       653,719       75 %
 
                   
Gross margin
  $ 233,469     $ 113,039       107 %
Gross margin percentage
    17 %     15 %     2 %
The inclusion of the Universal results after the merger accounted for approximately $156.8 million and $14.0 million of the increase in revenue and gross margin, respectively. Approximately $49.1 million of Universal’s revenues related to three projects in the Eastern Hemisphere accounted for under the completed contract method of accounting that were near completion on the merger date and were completed by December 31, 2007. Due to the adjustment to record Universal’s inventory at fair value pursuant to the allocation of the purchase price on the date of merger, the value of the inventory related to these projects was increased to their sales price, which resulted in a gross margin percentage of 0% on these projects. For further information regarding the purchase price allocation with the merger, see Note 2 to the Financial Statements.
The remaining increase in fabrication revenue and gross margin during the year ended December 31, 2007, compared to the year ended December 31, 2006, was due primarily to improved market conditions that led to higher sales levels and better pricing. The compressor and accessory fabrication, production and processing equipment fabrication and installations product lines comprised

F-15


 

44%, 33% and 23%, respectively, of the increase in fabrication revenues for the year ended December 31, 2007, compared to the year ended December 31, 2006. Our Eastern Hemisphere operations were responsible for 69% of the increase in fabrication revenues for the year ended December 31, 2007, compared to the year ended December 31, 2006. During the year ended December 31, 2007, one of our facilities in the Eastern Hemisphere recorded $16.3 million of estimated losses due to cost over-runs on a large project, which partially offset the impact of improved pricing and market conditions on gross margin and gross margin percentage.
Costs and expenses
                         
    Years Ended December 31,   Increase
    2007   2006   (Decrease)
    (In thousands)
Selling, general and administrative
  $ 265,057     $ 197,282       34 %
Merger and integration expenses
    46,723             100 %
Depreciation and amortization
    252,716       175,927       44 %
Fleet impairment
    61,945             100 %
Interest expense
    130,092       123,496       5 %
Early extinguishment of debt
    70,150       5,902       1,089 %
Equity in income of non-consolidated affiliates
    (12,498 )     (19,430 )     36 %
Other (income) expense, net
    (44,646 )     (50,897 )     12 %
The increase in SG&A expense was primarily due to the inclusion of Universal’s results after the merger and accounted for approximately $49.4 million of the increase in SG&A expense. The remaining increase in SG&A expense was primarily due to higher compensation expenses and costs associated with the increase in business activity. As a percentage of revenue, SG&A for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 was 10% and 12%, respectively.
Merger and integration expenses related to the merger between Hanover and Universal were $46.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2007. These expenses were primarily comprised of amortization of retention bonus awards, acceleration of vesting of Hanover restricted stock, stock options and long-term cash incentives, change of control payments for Hanover executives and severance for Hanover employees. Acceleration of vesting of restricted stock and stock options, change of control payments and severance related to Universal employees were recorded as part of the purchase price allocation and therefore are not reflected in merger and integration expenses. For further information regarding merger and integration expenses, see Note 2 to the Financial Statements.
The inclusion of Universal’s results after the merger accounted for approximately $54.9 million of the increase in depreciation and amortization expense. The remaining increase in depreciation and amortization expense during the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2006 was primarily due to property, plant and equipment additions.
We recorded an impairment of fleet equipment of $61.9 million in the three months ended September 30, 2007. For further information regarding the impairment, see Note 20 to the Financial Statements.
The increase in interest expense during the year ended December 31, 2007 compared to the year ended December 31, 2006, was primarily due to the inclusion of additional interest related to Universal’s debt after the merger compared to interest on our debt before the merger and a $7.0 million charge to interest expense in the third quarter of 2007 from the termination of two fair value hedges. These increases were partially offset by a reduction in our effective interest rate to 6.3% (excluding the $7.0 million charge for termination of interest rate swaps) for the year ended December 31, 2007 from 8.5% for the year ended December 31, 2006. Our effective interest rate decreased after the merger due to the debt refinancing in the third quarter of 2007. For further information regarding the debt refinancing, see Note 11 to the Financial Statements.
The increase in early extinguishment of debt costs was due to call premium and tender fees paid to retire various Hanover notes that was part of the debt refinancing and a charge of $16.4 million related to the write-off of deferred financing costs in conjunction with the refinancing completed during the third quarter of 2007. For further information regarding the debt refinancing, see Note 11 to the Financial Statements. Debt extinguishment costs for the year ended December 31, 2006 relate to the call premium to repay our 11% Zero Coupon Subordinated Notes due March 31, 2007.
The decrease in equity in income of non-consolidated affiliates was partially caused by lower equity in earnings from El Furrial, a joint venture (in which we have a 33.3% ownership interest) that operates natural gas compression plants in Venezuela. During the year ended December 31, 2007, we recorded equity income of $2.6 million related to El Furrial compared to $6.6 million in equity

F-16


 

income for the year ended December 31, 2006. In addition, we recorded a $6.7 million impairment charge in the third quarter of 2007 on our investment in the SIMCO/Harwat Consortium due to a decline in value of our investment that was determined to be other than temporary. The decline in value of our investment was primarily caused by increased costs to operate the business that were not expected to improve in the near term.
The decrease in other (income) expense, net, was primarily due to a pre-tax gain of $28.4 million on the sale of our U.S. amine treating business in the first quarter of 2006 and an $8.0 million pre-tax gain on the sale of assets used in our fabrication facility in Canada during the second quarter of 2006. The decrease in other, net, was partially offset by a $19.4 million increase in gains on sales of trading securities. From time to time, we purchase short-term debt securities denominated in U.S. dollars and exchange them for short-term debt securities denominated in local currency in Latin America to achieve more favorable exchange rates. These funds are utilized in our international contract operations which have experienced an increase in operating costs due to local inflation. The decrease in other, net, was also partially offset by an increase in gains from the sale of used equipment for the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2006. Gains on the sale of used equipment for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 were $7.4 million and $1.8 million, respectively.
Income Taxes
                         
    Years Ended December 31,   Increase
    2007   2006   (Decrease)
    (In thousands)
Provision for income taxes
  $ 11,894     $ 28,782       (59 )%
Effective tax rate
    22.5 %     25.1 %     (2.6 )%
The decrease in the provision for income taxes was primarily due to the following factors: (i) a $37.0 million reduction in U.S. federal taxes due to a decrease in the U.S. component of income from continuing operations before income taxes, which was partially offset by benefits previously realized in 2006 from the reversal of $36.2 million of valuation allowances that had been recorded against U.S. net operating loss carryforwards and capital loss carryforwards, (ii) an $8.6 million benefit realized in 2007 from reversing valuation allowances that were previously recorded against net operating losses of certain foreign subsidiaries, (iii) a $4.6 million reduction in residual U.S. federal tax related to foreign dividends paid, or deemed paid, in 2006, and (iv) a net benefit of $5.6 million from claiming foreign taxes as credits rather than deductions in 2007.
Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest
As of December 31, 2007, income attributable to noncontrolling interest is primarily comprised of the portion of the Partnership’s capital and earnings that is applicable to the 49% limited partner interest in the Partnership not owned by us, at that time. See Note 2 to the Financial Statements. As of December 31, 2006, income attributable to noncontrolling interest primarily represented the equity of the entities that leased compression equipment to us. These equity interests were settled as part of the redemption of Hanover’s equipment lease obligations, as discussed in Note 11 to the Financial Statements.
Cumulative Effect of Accounting Changes, Net of Tax
On January 1, 2006, we recorded the cumulative effect of a change in accounting related to our adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123(R), “Stock-Based Payments,” of $0.4 million (net of tax of $0) which related to the requirement to estimate future forfeitures on restricted stock awards.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our unrestricted cash balance was $126.4 million at December 31, 2008, compared to $149.2 million at December 31, 2007. Working capital increased to $777.9 million at December 31, 2008 from $670.5 million at December 31, 2007.

F-17


 

Our cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities, as reflected in the consolidated statements of cash flows, are summarized in the table below:
                 
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2008     2007  
    (In thousands)  
Net cash provided by (used in) continuing operations(1):
               
Operating activities
  $ 484,117     $ 239,710  
Investing activities
    (584,716 )     (302,268 )
Financing activities
    86,398       135,727  
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
    (10,447 )     2,769  
Discontinued operations
    1,815        
 
           
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
  $ (22,833 )   $ 75,938  
 
           
 
(1)   The cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2007 include Universal’s operations for the 134 days from the date of the merger, August 20, 2007, through December 31, 2007. Accordingly, these cash flows are not representative of a full year of operating results for Exterran.
Operating Activities. The increase in cash provided by operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to the year ended December 31, 2007 was primarily due to the inclusion of operating cash flows from Universal for the entire period compared to the prior year, which included Universal’s operating cash flows only after the merger date of August 20, 2007.
Investing Activities. The increase in cash used in investing activities during the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to the year ended December 31, 2007 was primarily attributable to increased capital expenditures, which were primarily due to our larger contract operations business after the merger and approximately $133.6 million in cash paid for acquisitions in the year ended December 31, 2008.
Financing Activities. The decrease in cash provided by financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to the year ended December 31, 2007 was primarily attributable to reduced net borrowings, reduced proceeds from stock options exercised in 2008 and increased distributions to non-controlling partners in the Partnership, partially offset by reduced payments for debt issuance costs, each as reflected in 2008 versus 2007.
Capital Expenditures. We generally invest funds necessary to fabricate fleet additions when our idle equipment cannot be reconfigured to economically fulfill a project’s requirements and the new equipment expenditure is expected to generate economic returns, over its expected useful life, that exceed our return on capital targets. We currently plan to spend approximately $400 million to $450 million in net capital expenditures during 2009 including (1) fleet equipment additions and (2) approximately $120 million to $130 million on equipment maintenance capital. Net capital expenditures are net of fleet sales.
Credit and Financial Industry Environment. The continuing credit crisis and related turmoil in the global financial system may have an impact on our business and our financial condition. For example, in September 2008, Lehman Brothers, one of the lenders under our $1.65 billion senior secured credit facility, filed for bankruptcy protection. As a result, our ability to borrow under this facility has been reduced by $3.2 million as of December 31, 2008, resulting in $230.2 million in remaining unfunded commitments that, as of December 31, 2008, were available under our revolving credit facility. Our ability to borrow under this facility could be further reduced by up to $8.4 million as of December 31, 2008, which represents Lehman Brothers’ pro rata portion of outstanding borrowings and letters of credit under our revolving credit facility at December 31, 2008. If any other lender under our revolving credit facility or the Partnership’s revolving credit facility is not able to perform its obligations under those facilities, our borrowing capacity could be further reduced by such lender’s pro rata portion of the unfunded commitments.
The global financial crisis could also have an impact on our derivative agreements if our counterparties are unable to perform their obligations under those agreements. At December 31, 2008, the combined liability related to our outstanding derivative agreements was $102.8 million and was all in favor of our counterparties.
Although we cannot predict the impact that the credit market crisis will have on the lenders in our credit facilities, we currently do not believe that it will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. We continue to closely monitor these situations and our legal rights under our contractual relationships with these and other lender or counterparty entities.

F-18


 

Long-Term Debt and Debt Refinancing. Following the merger of Hanover and Universal, we completed a refinancing of a significant amount of our outstanding debt on the merger date. We entered into a $1.65 billion senior secured credit facility and a $1.0 billion asset-backed securitization facility. As a result of this and a subsequent refinancing, substantially all of the debt of Universal and Hanover outstanding on the merger date has been retired or redeemed, with the exception of Hanover’s convertible senior notes due 2014 and the Partnership’s credit facility. For more information regarding the refinancing and the repayment of debt, see Note 11 to the Financial Statements. On August 20, 2007, we entered into a senior secured credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with various financial institutions. The Credit Agreement consists of (a) a five-year revolving credit facility in the aggregate amount of $850 million, which includes a variable allocation for a Canadian tranche and the ability to issue letters of credit under the facility and (b) a six-year term loan senior secured credit facility, in the aggregate amount of $800 million with principal payments due on multiple dates through June 2013 (collectively, the “Credit Facility”). Subject to certain conditions as of December 31, 2008, at our request and with the approval of the lenders, the aggregate commitments under the Credit Facility may be increased by an additional $300 million less certain adjustments.
Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest, if they are in U.S. dollars, at a base rate or LIBOR at our option plus an applicable margin, as defined in the agreement. The applicable margin varies depending on our debt ratings. At December 31, 2008, all amounts outstanding were LIBOR loans and the applicable margin was 0.825%. The weighted average interest rate at December 31, 2008 on the outstanding balance, excluding the effect of interest rate swaps, was 2.2%.
The Credit Agreement contains various covenants with which we must comply, including, but not limited to, limitations on incurrence of indebtedness, investments, liens on assets, transactions with affiliates, mergers, consolidations, sales of assets and other provisions customary in similar types of agreements. We must also maintain, on a consolidated basis, required leverage and interest coverage ratios. Additionally, the Credit Agreement contains customary conditions, representations and warranties, events of default and indemnification provisions. Our indebtedness under the Credit Facility is collateralized by liens on substantially all of our personal property in the U.S. The assets of the Partnership and our wholly-owned subsidiary, Exterran ABS 2007 LLC (along with its subsidiary, “Exterran ABS”), are not collateral under the Credit Agreement. Exterran Canada’s indebtedness under the Credit Facility is collateralized by liens on substantially all of its personal property in Canada. We have executed a U.S. Pledge Agreement pursuant to which we and our Significant Subsidiaries (as defined in the Credit Agreement) are required to pledge our equity and the equity of certain subsidiaries. The Partnership and Exterran ABS are not pledged under this agreement and do not guarantee debt under the Credit Facility.
As of December 31, 2008, we had $269.6 million in outstanding borrowings and $347.0 million in letters of credit outstanding under our revolving credit facility. Additional borrowings of up to approximately $230.2 million were available under that facility as of December 31, 2008.
On August 20, 2007, Exterran ABS entered into a $1.0 billion asset-backed securitization facility (the “2007 ABS Facility”) and issued $400 million in notes under this facility. On September 18, 2007, an additional $400 million of notes were issued under this facility. In October 2008, we borrowed an additional $100 million on this facility. Interest and fees payable to the noteholders will accrue on these notes at a variable rate consisting of one month LIBOR plus an applicable margin. For outstanding amounts up to $800 million, the applicable margin is 0.825%. For amounts outstanding over $800 million, the applicable margin is 1.35%. The weighted average interest rate at December 31, 2008 on borrowings under the 2007 ABS Facility, excluding the effect of interest rate swaps, was 1.4%.
Repayment of the 2007 ABS Facility notes has been secured by a pledge of all of the assets of Exterran ABS, consisting primarily of a fleet of natural gas compressors and the related contracts to provide compression services to our customers. Under the 2007 ABS Facility, we had $7.6 million of restricted cash as of December 31, 2008.
The Partnership, as guarantor, and EXLP Operating LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Partnership (together with the Partnership, the “Partnership Borrowers”), entered into a senior secured credit agreement in 2006 (the “Partnership Credit Agreement”). The revolving credit facility under the Partnership Credit Agreement was expanded in 2007 to consist of a five-year $315 million revolving credit facility, which matures in October 2011. As of December 31, 2008, there was $281.3 million in outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility and $33.7 million was available for additional borrowings.
The Partnership’s revolving credit facility bears interest at a base rate or LIBOR, at the Partnership’s option, plus an applicable margin, as defined in the agreement. At December 31, 2008 all amounts outstanding were LIBOR loans and the applicable margin was 1.5%. The weighted average interest rate on the outstanding balance of the Partnership’s revolving credit facility, at December 31, 2008, excluding the effect of interest rate swaps, was 4.0%.

F-19


 

In May 2008, the Partnership Borrowers entered into an amendment to the Partnership Credit Agreement that increased the aggregate commitments under that facility to provide for a $117.5 million term loan facility. The $117.5 million term loan was funded during July 2008 and $58.3 million was drawn on the Partnership’s revolving credit facility, which together were used to repay the debt assumed by the Partnership concurrent with the closing of the acquisition by the Partnership from us of certain contract operations customer service agreements and compressor units used to provide compression services under those agreements and to pay other costs incurred. The $117.5 million term loan is non-amortizing but must be repaid with the net proceeds from any equity offerings of the Partnership until paid in full.
The term loan bears interest at a base rate or LIBOR, at the Partnership’s option, plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin, depending on its leverage ratio, varies (i) in the case of LIBOR loans, from 1.5% to 2.5% or (ii) in the case of base rate loans, from 0.5% to 1.5%. Borrowings under the term loan are subject to the same credit agreement and covenants as the Partnership’s revolving credit facility, except for an additional covenant requiring mandatory prepayment of the term loan from net cash proceeds of any future equity offerings of the Partnership, on a dollar-for-dollar basis. At December 31, 2008, all amounts outstanding were LIBOR loans and the applicable margin was 2.0%. The weighted average interest rate on the outstanding balance of the Partnership’s term loan at December 31, 2008, excluding the effect of interest rate swaps, was 2.5%.
Borrowings under the Partnership Credit Agreement are secured by substantially all of the personal property assets of the Partnership Borrowers and mature in October 2011. In addition, all of the membership interests of the Partnership’s U.S. restricted subsidiaries has been pledged to secure the obligations under the Partnership Credit Agreement. Subject to certain conditions, at the Partnership’s request, and with the approval of the lenders, the aggregate commitments under the Partnership’s senior secured credit facility may be increased by an additional $17.5 million. This amount will be increased on a dollar-for-dollar basis with each payment under the term loan facility.
Under the Partnership Credit Agreement, the Partnership Borrowers are subject to certain limitations, including limitations on their ability to incur additional debt or sell assets, with restrictions on the use of proceeds; to make certain investments and acquisitions; to grant liens; and to pay dividends and distributions. The Partnership Borrowers are also subject to financial covenants which include a total leverage and an interest coverage ratio.
As of December 31, 2008, we had approximately $2.5 billion in outstanding debt obligations, consisting of $900.0 million outstanding under the 2007 ABS Facility, $800.0 million outstanding under our term loan, $269.6 million outstanding under our revolving credit facility, $143.8 million outstanding under our 4.75% convertible notes, $281.3 million outstanding under the Partnership’s revolving credit facility and $117.5 million outstanding under the Partnership’s term loan. During March 2008, we repaid our 4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2008 using funds from our revolving credit facility. We were in compliance with our debt covenants as of December 31, 2008. A default under one or more of our debt agreements would in some situations trigger cross-default provisions under certain agreements relating to our debt obligations.
We have entered into interest rate swap agreements related to a portion of our variable rate debt. See Part II, Item 7A (“Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk”) in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for further discussion of our interest rate swap agreements.
The interest rate we pay under our Credit Agreement can be affected by changes in our credit rating. As of December 31, 2008, our credit ratings as assigned by Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s were:
         
        Standard
    Moody’s   & Poor’s
Outlook
  Stable   Stable
Corporate Family Rating
  Ba2   BB
Exterran Senior Secured Credit Facility
  Ba2   BB+
4.75% convertible senior notes due
    BB
Historically, we have financed capital expenditures with a combination of net cash provided by operating and financing activities. As a result of the economic slowdown and the declines in both our stock price and the availability of equity and debt capital in the public markets, our ability to access the capital markets may be restricted at a time when we would like, or need, to do so, which could have an impact on our ability to grow. Based on current market conditions, we expect that net cash provided by operating activities will be sufficient to finance our operating expenditures, capital expenditures and scheduled interest and debt repayments through

F-20


 

December 31, 2009, but to the extent it is not, we may borrow additional funds under our credit facilities or we may obtain additional debt or equity financing.
Stock Repurchase Program. On August 20, 2007, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to $200 million of our common stock through August 19, 2009. In December 2008, our board of directors increased the share repurchase program, from $200 million to $300 million, and extended the expiration date of the authorization, from August 19, 2009 to December 15, 2010. See further discussion of the stock repurchase program in Note 15 to the Financial Statements. Since the program was initiated, we have repurchased 5,416,221 shares of our common stock at an aggregate cost of approximately $199.9 million. See Part II, Item 5 (“Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities”) in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission regarding our fourth quarter 2008 purchases.
Dividends. We have not paid any cash dividends on our common stock since our formation, and we do not anticipate paying such dividends in the foreseeable future. Our board of directors anticipates that all cash flows generated from operations in the foreseeable future will be retained and used to repay our debt, repurchase our stock or develop and expand our business. Any future determinations to pay cash dividends on our common stock will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our results of operations and financial condition, credit and loan agreements in effect at that time and other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors.
Partnership Distributions to Unitholders. The Partnership’s partnership agreement requires it to distribute all of its “available cash” quarterly. Under the partnership agreement, available cash is defined generally to mean, for each fiscal quarter, (1) cash on hand at the Partnership at the end of the quarter in excess of the amount of reserves its general partner determines is necessary or appropriate to provide for the conduct of its business, to comply with applicable law, any of its debt instruments or other agreements or to provide for future distributions to its unitholders for any one or more of the upcoming four quarters, plus, (2) if the Partnership’s general partner so determines, all or a portion of the Partnership’s cash on hand on the date of determination of available cash for the quarter.
Under the terms of the partnership agreement, there is no guarantee that unitholders will receive quarterly distributions from the Partnership. The Partnership’s distribution policy, which may be changed at any time, is subject to certain restrictions, including (1) restrictions contained in the Partnership’s revolving credit facility, (2) the Partnership’s general partner’s establishment of reserves to fund future operations or cash distributions to the Partnership’s unitholders, (3) restrictions contained in the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act; and (4) the Partnership’s lack of sufficient cash to pay distributions.
Through our ownership of common and subordinated units and all of the equity interests in the general partner of the Partnership, we expect to receive cash distributions from the Partnership. Our rights to receive distributions of cash from the Partnership as holder of subordinated units are subordinated to the rights of the common unitholders to receive such distributions.
On February 13, 2009, the Partnership distributed $0.4625 per limited partner unit, or approximately $9.3 million, including distributions to its general partner on its incentive distribution rights. The distribution covers the period from October 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008. The record date for this distribution was February 9, 2009.

F-21


 

Contractual obligations. The following summarizes our contractual obligations at December 31, 2008 and the effect such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods:
                                         
    Total     2009     2010-2011     2012-2013     Thereafter  
    (In thousands)  
Long-term Debt(1):
                                       
Revolving credit facility due 2012
  $ 269,591     $     $     $ 269,591     $  
Term loan
    800,000       20,000 (2)     100,000       680,000        
2007 ABS Facility notes due 2012
    900,000                   900,000        
Partnership’s revolving credit facility due 2011
    281,250             281,250              
Partnership’s term loan facility due 2011
    117,500             117,500              
4.75% convertible senior notes due 2014
    143,750                         143,750  
Other
    338       101       202       35        
 
                             
Total long-term debt
    2,512,429       20,101       498,952       1,849,626       143,750  
Interest on long-term debt(3)
    400,227       110,294       214,458       74,936       539  
Purchase commitments
    740,657       733,252       7,405              
Facilities and other equipment operating leases
    46,902       8,887       11,265       8,329       18,421  
 
                             
Total contractual obligations
  $ 3,700,215     $ 872,534     $ 732,080     $ 1,932,891     $ 162,710  
 
                             
 
(1)   For more information on our long-term debt, see Note 11 to the Financial Statements.
 
(2)   These maturities are classified as long-term because we have the intent and ability to refinance these maturities with available credit.
 
(3)   Interest amounts calculated using interest rates in effect as of December 31, 2008, including the effect of interest rate swaps.
At December 31, 2008, $13.9 million of unrecognized tax benefits have been recorded as liabilities in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”) and we are uncertain as to if or when such amounts may be settled. Related to these unrecognized tax benefits, we have also recorded a liability for potential penalties and interest of $3.4 million.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have agreed to guarantee our portion of certain obligations of indebtedness of the SIMCO/Harwat Consortium, a joint venture in which we own a 35.5% interest, and of El Furrial, a joint venture in which we own a 33.3% interest. Each of these joint ventures is our non-consolidated affiliate, and our guarantee obligations are not recorded on our accompanying balance sheet. In each case, our guarantee obligation is a percentage of the guaranteed debt of the non-consolidated affiliate equal to our ownership percentage in such affiliate. At December 31, 2008, we have guaranteed approximately $21.1 million of the debt of the El Furrial joint venture. At December 31, 2008, the SIMCO/Harwat Consortium did not have any debt outstanding that we had guaranteed. Our obligation to perform under the guarantees arises only in the event that our non-consolidated affiliate defaults under the agreements governing the indebtedness. We currently have no reason to believe that either of these non-consolidated affiliates will default on its indebtedness that is guaranteed by us. For more information on these off-balance sheet arrangements, see Note 8 to the Financial Statements.
Critical Accounting Estimates
This discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and accounting policies, including those related to bad debts, inventories, fixed assets, investments, intangible assets, income taxes, revenue recognition and contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates on historical experience and on other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. The results of this process form the basis of our judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions, and these differences can be material to our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.

F-22


 

Allowances and Reserves
We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. The determination of the collectibility of amounts due from our customers requires us to use estimates and make judgments regarding future events and trends, including monitoring our customers’ payment history and current credit worthiness to determine that collectibility is reasonably assured, as well as consideration of the overall business climate in which our customers operate. Inherently, these uncertainties require us to make judgments and estimates regarding our customers’ ability to pay amounts due us in order to determine the appropriate amount of valuation allowances required for doubtful accounts. We review the adequacy of our allowance for doubtful accounts quarterly. We determine the allowance needed based on historical write-off experience and by evaluating significant balances aged greater than 90 days individually for collectibility. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. During 2008, 2007 and 2006, we recorded bad debt expense of approximately $4.7 million, $2.7 million and $2.5 million, respectively. A five percent change in the allowance for doubtful accounts would have had an impact on income before income taxes of approximately $0.7 million in 2008.
Inventory is a significant component of current assets and is stated at the lower of cost or market. This requires us to record provisions and maintain reserves for excess, slow moving and obsolete inventory. To determine these reserve amounts, we regularly review inventory quantities on hand and compare them to estimates of future product demand, market conditions and production requirements. These estimates and forecasts inherently include uncertainties and require us to make judgments regarding potential outcomes. During 2008, 2007 and 2006, we wrote-down inventory of approximately $2.5 million, $1.7 million and $2.3 million, respectively. Significant or unanticipated changes to our estimates and forecasts could impact the amount and timing of any additional provisions for excess or obsolete inventory that may be required. A five percent change in this inventory reserve balance would have had an impact on income before income taxes of approximately $0.9 million in 2008.
Depreciation
Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost. Depreciation for financial reporting purposes is computed on the straight-line basis using estimated useful lives and salvage values. The assumptions and judgments we use in determining the estimated useful lives and salvage values of our property, plant and equipment reflect both historical experience and expectations regarding future use of our assets. The use of different estimates, assumptions and judgments in the establishment of plant, property and equipment accounting policies, especially those involving their useful lives, would likely result in significantly different net book values of our assets and results of operations.
Long-Lived Assets, Investments and Goodwill
We review for the impairment of long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment, identifiable intangibles that are being amortized and assets held for sale, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The determination that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable requires us to make judgments regarding long-term forecasts of future revenues and costs related to the assets subject to review. These forecasts are uncertain as they require significant assumptions about future market conditions. Significant and unanticipated changes to these assumptions could require a provision for impairment in a future period. Given the nature of these evaluations and their application to specific assets and specific times, it is not possible to reasonably quantify the impact of changes in these assumptions. An impairment loss exists when estimated undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition are less than its carrying amount. When necessary, an impairment loss is recognized and represents the excess of the asset’s carrying value as compared to its estimated fair value and is charged to the period in which the impairment occurred.
In addition, we perform an annual goodwill impairment test, pursuant to the requirements of SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” in the fourth quarter of each year or whenever events indicate impairment may have occurred, to determine if the estimated recoverable value of each of our reporting units exceeds the net carrying value of the reporting unit, including the applicable goodwill. We determine the fair value of our reporting units using a combination of the expected present value of future cash flows and a market approach. Each approach is weighted 50% in determining our calculated fair value. The present value of future cash flows is estimated using our most recent forecast and the weighted average cost of capital. The market approach uses a market multiple on the reporting units’ earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization. Changes in forecasts, cost of capital and market multiples could affect the estimated fair value of our reporting units and result in a goodwill impairment charge in a future period. See note 9 to the Financial Statements for a discussion of the estimated goodwill impairment recorded in 2008. The goodwill impairment charge is estimated as we are in the process of finalizing valuations including identifiable intangible assets, debt and

F-23


 

property, plant and equipment. The amount of the goodwill impairment charge will be finalized by the end of the first quarter of 2009. There were no impairments in 2007 or 2006 related to our goodwill.
We hold investments in companies with operations in areas that relate to our business. We record an investment impairment charge when we believe an investment has experienced a decline in value that is other than temporary. Future adverse changes in market conditions or poor operating results of underlying investments could result in losses or an inability to recover the carrying value of the investments that may not be reflected in an investment’s current carrying value, thereby possibly requiring an impairment charge in the future.
Income Taxes
The liability method is used for determining our income taxes, under which current and deferred tax liabilities and assets are recorded in accordance with enacted tax laws and rates. Under this method, the amounts of deferred tax liabilities and assets at the end of each period are determined using the tax rate expected to be in effect when taxes are actually paid or recovered.
Valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In determining the need for valuation allowances, we have considered and made judgments and estimates regarding estimated future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. These estimates and judgments include some degree of uncertainty and changes in these estimates and assumptions could require us to adjust the valuation allowances for our deferred tax assets. The ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets depends on the generation of sufficient taxable income in the applicable taxing jurisdictions. The impact of an uncertain tax position taken or expected to be taken on an income tax return must be recognized in the financial statements at the largest amount that is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the relevant taxing authority.
We operate in more than 30 countries and, as a result, are subject to the jurisdiction of numerous domestic and foreign tax authorities. Our operations in these different jurisdictions are taxed on various bases: actual income before taxes, deemed profits (which are generally determined using a percentage of revenues rather than profits) and withholding taxes based on revenue. Determination of taxable income in any jurisdiction requires the interpretation of the related tax laws and regulations and the use of estimates and assumptions regarding significant future events such as the amount, timing and character of deductions, permissible revenue recognition methods under the tax law and the sources and character of income and tax credits. Changes in tax laws, regulations, agreements and treaties, foreign currency exchange restrictions or our level of operations or profitability in each taxing jurisdiction could have an impact on the amount of income taxes that we provide during any given year.
Revenue Recognition — Percentage of Completion Accounting
We recognize revenue and profit for our fabrication operations as work progresses on long-term contracts using the percentage-of-completion method when the applicable criteria are met, which relies on estimates of total expected contract revenue and costs. We follow this method because reasonably dependable estimates of the revenue and costs applicable to various stages of a contract can be made and because the fabrication projects usually last several months. Recognized revenues and profit are subject to revisions as the contract progresses to completion. Revisions in profit estimates are charged to income in the period in which the facts that give rise to the revision become known. The typical duration of these projects is three to thirty-six months. Due to the long-term nature of some of our jobs, developing the estimates of cost often requires significant judgment.
We estimate percentage-of-completion for compressor and accessory fabrication on a direct labor hour to total labor hour basis. This calculation requires management to estimate the number of total labor hours required for each project and to estimate the profit expected on the project. Production and processing equipment fabrication percentage-of-completion is estimated using the direct labor hour and cost to total cost basis. The cost to total cost basis requires us to estimate the amount of total costs (labor and materials) required to complete each project. Because we have many fabrication projects in process at any given time, we do not believe that materially different results would be achieved if different estimates, assumptions or conditions were used for any single project.
Factors that must be considered in estimating the work to be completed and ultimate profit include labor productivity and availability, the nature and complexity of work to be performed, the impact of change orders, availability of raw materials and the impact of delayed performance. If the aggregate combined cost estimates for all of our fabrication businesses had been higher or lower by 1% in 2008, our results of operations before tax would have decreased or increased by approximately $12.2 million. As of December 31, 2008, we had recognized approximately $282.2 million in estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts.

F-24


 

Contingencies and Litigation
We are substantially self-insured for worker’s compensation, employer’s liability, property, auto liability, general liability and employee group health claims in view of the relatively high per-incident deductibles we absorb under our insurance arrangements for these risks. In addition, we currently have a minimal amount of insurance on our offshore assets. Losses up to deductible amounts are estimated and accrued based upon known facts, historical trends and industry averages. We review these estimates quarterly and believe such accruals to be adequate. However, insurance liabilities are difficult to estimate due to unknown factors, including the severity of an injury, the determination of our liability in proportion to other parties, the timeliness of reporting of occurrences, ongoing treatment or loss mitigation, general trends in litigation recovery outcomes and the effectiveness of safety and risk management programs. Therefore, if our actual experience differs from the assumptions and estimates used for recording the liabilities, adjustments may be required and would be recorded in the period in which the difference becomes known. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, we had recorded approximately $10.6 million and $6.1 million, respectively, in claim reserves.
In the ordinary course of business, we are involved in various pending or threatened legal actions. While we are unable to predict the ultimate outcome of these actions, SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies” (“SFAS No. 5”), requires management to make judgments about future events that are inherently uncertain. We are required to record (and have recorded) a loss during any period in which we believe a contingency is probable and can be reasonably estimated. In making determinations of likely outcomes of pending or threatened legal matters, we consider the evaluation of counsel knowledgeable about each matter.
The impact of an uncertain tax position taken or expected to be taken on an income tax return must be recognized in the financial statements at the largest amount that is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the relevant taxing authority in accordance with FIN 48. We regularly assess and, if required, establish accruals for income tax contingencies pursuant to FIN 48 and non-income tax contingencies pursuant to SFAS No. 5, (together, the “tax contingencies”) that could result from assessments of additional tax by taxing jurisdictions in countries where we operate. The tax contingencies are subject to a significant amount of judgment and are reviewed and adjusted on a quarterly basis in light of changing facts and circumstances considering the outcome expected by management. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, we had recorded approximately $18.5 million and $17.1 million, respectively, of accruals for tax contingencies. If our actual experience differs from the assumptions and estimates used for recording the liabilities, adjustments may be required and would be recorded in the period in which the difference becomes known.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
For a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements that may affect us, see Note 21 to the Financial Statements.

F-25


 

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

F-26


 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Exterran Holdings, Inc.
Houston, Texas
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Exterran Holdings, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), equity, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2008. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 listed in the Index at Item 15. These financial statements and financial statement schedules are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. The consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule of the company for the year ended December 31, 2006, before the effects to retrospectively adjust for (1) the change in classification of supply chain costs within the consolidated statements of operations, (2) the effect of the reverse stock split on the Company’s outstanding common stock and earnings per share calculation, and (3) the change in the composition of reportable segments including the reclassification on the consolidated statements of operations of the related revenues and costs of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization) discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, were audited by other auditors whose report, dated February 14, 2007, expressed an unqualified opinion on those statements.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2008, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, such financial statement schedule for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.
We also have audited the adjustments to the Company’s 2006 consolidated financial statements to retrospectively adjust for (1) the change in classification of supply chain costs within the consolidated statements of operations, (2) the effect of the reverse stock split on the Company’s outstanding common stock and earnings per share calculation, and (3) the change in the composition of reportable segments in 2007 including the reclassification on the consolidated statements of operations of the related revenues and costs of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization), as discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements. Our procedures relating to the presentation of supply chain costs and the change in accounting included (1) comparing the adjustment amounts of costs to the Company’s underlying analysis and (2) testing the mathematical accuracy to the consolidated financial statements. Our procedures relating to the reverse stock split included (1) comparing the previously reported shares outstanding and earnings per share amounts per the Company’s accounting analysis to the previously issued consolidated financial statements, (2) comparing the amounts shown in the earnings per share disclosures for 2006 to the Company’s underlying accounting analysis, and (3) recalculating the shares and earnings per share amounts to give effect to the reverse stock split and testing the mathematical accuracy of the underlying analysis. Our procedures relating to the change in reportable segments included (1) comparing the adjustment amounts of segment revenues, operating income and assets to the Company’s underlying analysis and (2) testing the mathematical accuracy of reclassifications on the consolidated statements of operations of the related revenues and costs of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization) and the reconciliations of segment amounts to the consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, such retrospective adjustments are appropriate and have been properly applied. However, we were not engaged to audit, review, or apply any procedures to the 2006 consolidated financial statements of the Company other than with respect to the retrospective adjustments and, accordingly, we do not express an opinion or any other form of assurance on the 2006 consolidated financial statements taken as a whole.
As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, in 2009, the Company changed its method of accounting for minority interest to conform to SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51 (“SFAS No. 160”) and, retrospectively, adjusted the 2008 and 2007 financial statements for the change.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 26, 2009, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Houston, Texas
February 26, 2009 (June 3, 2009 as to the retrospective application of SFAS No. 160
as described in Note 1)

F-27


 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Exterran Holdings, Inc. (formerly Hanover Compressor Company):
In our opinion, the consolidated statements of operations, of comprehensive income, of stockholders’ equity and of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2006, before the effects of the adjustments to retrospectively reflect (1) the change in classification of supply chain costs within the consolidated statements of operations, (2) the effect of the reverse stock split on Hanover’s outstanding common stock and earnings per share calculation, and (3) the change in the composition of reportable segments including the reclassification on the consolidated statements of operations of the related revenues and costs of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization), all described in Note 1, present fairly, in all material respects, the results of operations and cash flows of Exterran Holdings, Inc. (formerly Hanover Compressor Company) and its subsidiaries for the year ended December 31, 2006, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (the 2006 financial statements before the effects of the adjustments discussed in Note 1 are not presented herein). In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule, before the effects of the adjustments described in Note 1 to the financial statement schedule, for the year ended December 31, 2006 presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements referred to above. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audit. We conducted our audit, before the effects of the adjustments described above, of these statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
We were not engaged to audit, review, or apply any procedures to the adjustments to retrospectively reflect (1) the change in classification of supply chain costs within the consolidated statement of operations, (2) the effect of the reverse stock split on Hanover’s outstanding common stock and earnings per share calculation, and (3) the change in the composition of reportable segments including the reclassification on the consolidated statement of operations of the related revenues and costs of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization), all described in Note 1 and accordingly, we do not express an opinion or any other form of assurance about whether such adjustments are appropriate and have been properly applied. Those adjustments were audited by other auditors.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Houston, Texas
February 14, 2007

F-28


 

EXTERRAN HOLDINGS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
                 
    December 31,  
    2008     2007  
    (In thousands, except par  
    value and share amounts)  
ASSETS
               
Current assets:
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 126,391     $ 149,224  
Restricted cash
    7,563       9,133  
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $14,836 and $10,846, respectively
    625,356       516,072  
Inventory, net
    527,099       411,436  
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts
    219,487       203,932  
Current deferred income taxes
    38,782       41,648  
Other current assets
    150,452       145,159  
 
           
Total current assets
    1,695,130       1,476,604  
Property, plant and equipment, net
    3,673,866       3,533,505  
Goodwill, net
    340,626       1,455,881  
Intangible and other assets, net
    299,072       311,457  
Investments in non-consolidated affiliates
    83,933       86,076  
 
           
Total assets
  $ 6,092,627     $ 6,863,523  
 
           
 
               
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
               
 
               
Current liabilities:
               
Current maturities of long-term debt
  $ 101     $ 997  
Accounts payable, trade
    224,174       221,391  
Accrued liabilities
    337,385       326,163  
Deferred revenue
    197,606       169,830  
Billings on uncompleted contracts in excess of costs and estimated earnings
    157,955       87,741  
 
           
Total current liabilities
    917,221       806,122  
Long-term debt
    2,512,328       2,332,927  
Other long-term liabilities
    209,203       89,012  
Deferred income taxes
    225,798       281,898  
 
           
Total liabilities
    3,864,550       3,509,959  
Commitments and contingencies (Note 19)
               
Equity:
               
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; zero issued
           
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 250,000,000 shares authorized; 67,202,109 and 66,574,419 shares issued, respectively
    672       666  
Additional paid-in capital
    3,354,922       3,317,321  
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
    (94,767 )     13,004  
Accumulated deficit
    (1,016,082 )     (68,733 )
Treasury stock — 5,535,671 and 1,287,237 common shares, at cost, respectively
    (200,959 )     (99,998 )
 
           
Total Exterran stockholders’ equity
    2,043,786       3,162,260  
 
           
Noncontrolling interest
    184,291       191,304  
 
           
Total equity
    2,228,077       3,353,564  
 
           
Total liabilities and equity
  $ 6,092,627     $ 6,863,523  
 
           
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-29


 

EXTERRAN HOLDINGS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2008     2007     2006  
    (In thousands, except per share amounts)  
Revenues:
                       
North America contract operations
  $ 790,573     $ 551,140     $ 384,292  
International contract operations
    516,891       336,807       263,228  
Aftermarket services
    381,617       274,489       179,043  
Fabrication
    1,489,572       1,378,049       766,758  
 
                 
 
    3,178,653       2,540,485       1,593,321  
 
                 
Costs and Expenses:
                       
Cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization expense):
                       
North America contract operations
    341,865       232,238       156,554  
International contract operations
    191,296       126,861       96,631  
Aftermarket services
    304,430       214,497       139,633  
Fabrication
    1,220,056       1,144,580       653,719  
Selling, general and administrative
    374,737       265,057       197,282  
Merger and integration expenses
    11,475       46,723        
Early extinguishment of debt
          70,150       5,902  
Depreciation and amortization
    373,602       252,716       175,927  
Fleet impairment
    24,109       61,945        
Goodwill impairment
    1,148,371              
Interest expense
    129,723       130,092       123,496  
Equity in income of non-consolidated affiliates
    (23,974 )     (12,498 )     (19,430 )
Other (income) expense, net
    (18,760 )     (44,646 )     (50,897 )
 
                 
 
    4,076,930       2,487,715       1,478,817  
 
                 
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes
    (898,277 )     52,770       114,504  
Provision for income taxes
    37,197       11,894       28,782  
 
                 
Income (loss) from continuing operations
    (935,474 )     40,876       85,722  
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax
    398             368  
Gain from sales of discontinued operations, net of tax
                63  
 
                 
Income (loss) before cumulative effect of accounting changes
    (935,076 )     40,876       86,153  
Cumulative effect of accounting changes, net of tax
                370  
 
                 
Net income (loss)
    (935,076 )     40,876       86,523  
Less: Net income attributable to the noncontrolling interest
    12,273       6,307        
 
                 
Net income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders
  $ (947,349 )   $ 34,569     $ 86,523  
 
                 
Basic income (loss) per common share:
                       
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to Exterran stockholders
  $ (14.68 )   $ 0.76     $ 2.61  
Income from discontinued operations attributable to Exterran stockholders
    0.01             0.01  
Cumulative effect of accounting changes attributable to Exterran stockholders
                0.01  
 
                 
Net income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders
  $ (14.67 )   $ 0.76     $ 2.63  
 
                 
Diluted income (loss) per common share:
                       
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to Exterran stockholders
  $ (14.68 )   $ 0.75     $ 2.48  
Income from discontinued operations attributable to Exterran stockholders
    0.01             0.02  
Cumulative effect of accounting changes attributable to Exterran stockholders
                0.01  
 
                 
Net income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders
  $ (14.67 )   $ 0.75     $ 2.51  
 
                 
Weighted average common and equivalent shares outstanding:
                       
Basic
    64,580       45,580       32,883  
 
                 
Diluted
    64,580       46,300       36,411  
 
                 
Income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders:
                       
Income (loss) from continuing operations
    (947,747 )     34,569       85,722  
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax
    398             368  
Gain from sales of discontinued operations, net of tax
                63  
Cumulative effect of accounting changes, net of tax
                370  
 
                 
Net income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders
  $ (947,349 )   $ 34,569     $ 86,523  
 
                 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-30


 

EXTERRAN HOLDINGS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2008     2007     2006  
    (In thousands)  
Net income (loss)
  $ (935,076 )   $ 40,876     $ 86,523  
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
                       
Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments
    (46,366 )     (20,875 )      
Foreign currency translation adjustment
    (65,124 )     17,617       (2,231 )
 
                 
Comprehensive income (loss)
    (1,046,566 )     37,618       84,292  
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest
    8,554       3,028        
 
                 
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders
  $ (1,055,120 )   $ 34,590     $ 84,292  
 
                 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-31


 

EXTERRAN HOLDINGS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
                                                                                 
    Exterran Holdings, Inc. Stockholders              
                            Accumulated                     Deferred                    
                    Additional     Other                     Compensation                    
    Common Stock     Paid-in     Comprehensive     Treasury Stock     Restricted     Accumulated     Noncontrolling        
    Shares     Amount     Capital     Income (Loss)     Shares     Amount     Stock Grants     Deficit     Interest     Total  
    (In thousands, except share data)  
Balance at December 31, 2005
    33,277,698     $ 33     $ 1,097,836     $ 15,214       (118,979 )   $ (3,963 )   $ (13,249)       $ (186,088 )   $ —        $ 909,783  
Option exercises
    175,102               5,709                                                       5,709  
Stock-based compensation expense, net of forfeitures
    264,249       1       9,780               (27,194 )     (7 )                             9,774  
Convertible debentures converted to common stock
    26,314               1,447                                                       1,447  
Cumulative effect of change in accounting related to adoption of FASB 123(R)
                    (370 )                                                     (370 )
Income tax benefit from stock compensation expense
                    3,647                                                       3,647  
Reversal of deferred compensation due to adoption of FASB 123(R)
                    (13,249 )                             13,249                           
Comprehensive income:
                                                                               
Net income
                                                            86,523               86,523  
Foreign currency translation adjustment
                            (2,231 )                                             (2,231 )
Total comprehensive income
                                                                            84,292  
 
                                                           
Balance at December 31, 2006
    33,743,363     $ 34     $ 1,104,800     $ 12,983       (146,173 )   $ (3,970 )   $ —        $ (99,565 )   $ —        $ 1,014,282  

F-32


 

                                                                                 
    Exterran Holdings, Inc. Stockholders              
                            Accumulated                     Deferred                    
                    Additional     Other                     Compensation                    
    Common Stock     Paid-in     Comprehensive     Treasury Stock     Restricted     Accumulated     Noncontrolling        
    Shares     Amount     Capital     Income (Loss)     Shares     Amount     Stock Grants     Deficit     Interest     Total  
    (In thousands, except share data)  
Balance at December 31, 2006
    33,743,363     $ 34     $ 1,104,800     $ 12,983       (146,173 )   $ (3,970 )   $ —        $ (99,565 )   $ —        $ 1,014,282  
Record purchase price for Universal acquisition
    30,273,866       302       2,070,796                                                       2,071,098  
Noncontrolling interest from Universal acquisition
                                                                    192,460          192,460  
Change in par value
    (3,301 )     305       (305 )                                                      
Unvested shares of restricted stock assumed in the merger
    94,911       1                                                               1  
Convertible debentures converted to common stock
    1,588,993       16       81,666                                                       81,682  
Treasury stock purchased.
                                    (1,258,400 )     (99,998 )                             (99,998 )
Retirement of treasury stock
    (153,191 )     (2 )     (3,968 )             153,191       3,970                                
Option exercises
    820,672       8       27,263                                                       27,271  
Issuance of 401(k) shares
    8,363               683                                                       683  
Stock-based compensation expense, net of forfeitures
    200,743       2       23,309               (35,855 )                                     23,311  
Income tax benefit from stock compensation expense
                    13,077                                               (920)       12,157  
Cumulative effect of change in accounting related to adoption of FIN 48
                                                            (3,737 )             (3,737 )
Cash distribution to noncontrolling unitholders of the Partnership
                                                                    (3,336)       (3,336 )
Other
                                                                    72          72  
Comprehensive income:
                                                                               
Net income
                                                            34,569       6,307          40,876  
Derivatives change in fair value, net of tax
                            (17,596 )                                     (3,279)       (20,875 )
Foreign currency translation adjustment
                            17,617                                               17,617  
Total comprehensive income
                                                                            37,618  
 
                                                           
Balance at December 31, 2007
    66,574,419     $ 666     $ 3,317,321     $ 13,004       (1,287,237 )   $ (99,998 )   $ —        $ (68,733 )   $ 191,304          3,353,564  
Treasury stock purchased
                                    (4,173,262 )     (100,961 )                             (100,961 )
Option exercises
    168,058       2       5,148                                                       5,150  
Shares issued in employee stock purchase plan
    115,647       1       4,112                                                       4,113  
Stock-based compensation expense, net of forfeitures
    343,985       3       17,672               (75,172 )                             (1,140)       16,535  
Income tax benefit from stock compensation expense
                    10,669                                                       10,669  
Cash distribution to noncontrolling unitholders of the Partnership
                                                                    (14,489)       (14,489 )
Noncontrolling interest of joint venture in Colombia
                                                                    (1,702)       (1,702 )
Other
                                                                    1,764          1,764  
Comprehensive income (loss):
                                                                               
Net income (loss)
                                                            (947,349 )     12,273          (935,076 )
Derivatives change in fair value, net of tax
                            (42,647 )                                     (3,719)       (46,366 )
Foreign currency translation adjustment
                            (65,124 )                                             (65,124 )
Total comprehensive income (loss)
                                                                            (1,046,566 )
 
                                                           
Balance at December 31, 2008
    67,202,109     $ 672     $ 3,354,922     $ (94,767 )     (5,535,671 )   $ (200,959 )   $ —        $ (1,016,082 )   $ 184,291          2,228,077  
 
                                                           
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-33


 

EXTERRAN HOLDINGS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2008     2007     2006  
    (In thousands)  
Cash flows from operating activities:
                       
Net income (loss)
  $ (935,076 )   $ 40,876     $ 86,523  
Adjustments:
                       
Depreciation and amortization
    373,602       252,716       175,927  
Fleet impairment
    24,109       61,945        
Goodwill impairment
    1,148,371              
Deferred financing cost amortization and write-off
    3,391       21,120       5,489  
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax
    (398 )           (431 )
Cumulative effect of accounting changes, net of tax
                (370 )
Bad debt expense
    4,736       2,650       2,465  
Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment
    (4,597 )     (8,082 )     (11,798 )
Equity in income of non-consolidated affiliates, net of dividends received
    (20,669 )     (3,982 )     (1,831 )
Interest rate swaps
    3,192       (1,151 )      
(Gain) loss on remeasurement of intercompany balances
    10,917       (5,408 )     (2,061 )
Net realized gain on trading securities
    (15,751 )     (24,275 )     (4,873 )
Zero coupon subordinated notes accreted interest paid by refinancing
                (86,084 )
Gain on sale of business
                (28,476 )
Stock compensation expense
    17,325       23,311       9,773  
Pay-in-kind interest on zero coupon subordinated notes
                6,282  
Sales of trading securities
    33,061       49,165       23,344  
Purchases of trading securities
    (17,310 )     (24,890 )     (18,471 )
Deferred income taxes
    (47,561 )     (43,214 )     140  
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
                       
Accounts receivable and notes
    (112,198 )     (37,759 )     (31,539 )
Inventory
    (125,630 )     93,893       (59,944 )
Costs and estimated earnings versus billings on uncompleted contracts
    53,696       (93,946 )     51,298  
Prepaid and other current assets
    (16,147 )     (19,936 )     (35,058 )
Accounts payable and other liabilities
    18,504       23,758       51,268  
Deferred revenue
    97,372       (93,849 )     81,885  
Other
    (8,822 )     26,768       (3,923 )
 
                 
Net cash provided by continuing operations
    484,117       239,710       209,535  
Net cash used in discontinued operations
                (446 )
 
                 
Net cash provided by operating activities
    484,117       239,710       209,089  
 
                 
 
                       
Cash flows from investing activities:
                       
Capital expenditures
    (509,270 )     (352,190 )     (246,583 )
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment
    56,574       36,277       26,290  
Proceeds from the sale of business
                52,125  
Cash paid for business acquisitions, net of cash acquired
    (133,590 )     25,873        
(Increase) decrease in restricted cash
    1,570       (9,133 )      
Cash invested in non-consolidated affiliates
          (3,095 )      
 
                 
Net cash used in continuing operations
    (584,716 )     (302,268 )     (168,168 )
Net cash provided by discontinued operations
    1,815              
 
                 
Net cash used in investing activities
    (582,901 )     (302,268 )     (168,168 )
 
                 

F-34


 

                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2008     2007     2006  
    (In thousands)  
Cash flows from financing activities:
                       
Borrowings on revolving credit facilities
    900,050       939,400       196,500  
Repayments on revolving credit facilities
    (810,459 )     (779,400 )     (224,500 )
Repayment of debt assumed in merger
          (601,970 )      
Repayment of 2001A equipment lease notes
          (137,123 )      
Repayment of 2001B equipment lease notes
          (257,750 )      
Proceeds from issuance of term loan
          800,000        
Proceeds from ABS credit facility
    100,000       800,000        
Proceeds from the Partnership credit facility, net
    64,250       6,000        
Borrowings on Partnership term loan
    117,500              
Repayment of senior notes
          (550,000 )      
Repayment on convertible senior notes due 2008
    (192,000 )            
Payments for debt issue costs
    (682 )     (13,095 )     (3,832 )
Proceeds from issuance of senior notes
                150,000  
Borrowings of other debt
                7,673  
Repayments of other debt
    (837 )     (5,009 )     (1,166 )
Repayment of zero coupon subordinated notes principal
                (150,000 )
Proceeds from stock options exercised
    5,150       27,271       5,675  
Proceeds from stock issued pursuant to our employee stock purchase plan
    4,113              
Purchases of treasury stock
    (100,961 )     (99,998 )      
Stock-based compensation excess tax benefit
    14,763       10,737       1,516  
Distributions to non-controlling partners in the Partnership
    (14,489 )     (3,336 )      
 
                 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    86,398       135,727       (18,134 )
 
                 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
    (10,447 )     2,769       2,266  
 
                 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    (22,833 )     75,938       25,053  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
    149,224       73,286       48,233  
 
                 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
  $ 126,391     $ 149,224     $ 73,286  
 
                 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
                       
Interest paid, net of capitalized amounts
  $ 133,823     $ 139,039     $ 196,745  
 
                 
Income taxes paid, net
  $ 48,658     $ 21,923     $ 20,722  
 
                 
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash transactions:
                       
Conversion of deferred stock option liability
  $     $     $ 35  
 
                 
Conversion of debt to common stock
  $     $ 81,682     $ 1,447  
 
                 
Conversion of Universal stock options to Exterran stock options
  $     $ 67,574     $  
 
                 
Common stock issued in the merger
  $     $ 2,003,525     $  
 
                 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-35


 

EXTERRAN HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Background and Significant Accounting Policies
Exterran Holdings, Inc., together with its subsidiaries (“we,” “us,” “our,” or “Exterran”), is a global market leader in the full service natural gas compression business and a premier provider of operations, maintenance, service and equipment for oil and natural gas production, processing and transportation applications. Our global customer base consists of companies engaged in all aspects of the oil and natural gas industry, including large integrated oil and natural gas companies, national oil and natural gas companies, independent producers and natural gas processors, gatherers and pipelines. We operate in three primary business lines: contract operations, fabrication and aftermarket services. In our contract operations business line, we own a fleet of natural gas compression equipment and crude oil and natural gas production and processing equipment that we utilize to provide operations services to our customers. In our fabrication business line, we fabricate and sell equipment that is similar to the equipment that we own and utilize to provide contract operations to our customers. We also utilize our expertise and fabrication facilities to build equipment utilized in our contract operations services. Our fabrication business line also provides engineering, procurement and construction services primarily related to the manufacturing of critical process equipment for refinery and petrochemical facilities, the construction of tank farms and the construction of evaporators and brine heaters for desalination plants. In what we refer to as “Total Solutions” projects, we can provide the engineering design, project management, procurement and construction services necessary to incorporate our products into complete production, processing and compression facilities. Total Solutions products are offered to our customers on a contract operations or on a turn-key sale basis. In our aftermarket services business line, we sell parts and components and provide operations, maintenance, overhaul and reconfiguration services to customers who own compression, production, gas treating and oilfield power generation equipment.
We were incorporated on February 2, 2007 as Iliad Holdings, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Universal Compression Holdings, Inc. (“Universal”), and thereafter changed our name to Exterran Holdings, Inc. On August 20, 2007, in accordance with their merger agreement, Universal and Hanover Compressor Company (“Hanover”) merged into our wholly-owned subsidiaries, and we became the parent entity of Universal and Hanover. Immediately following the completion of the merger, Universal merged with and into us. Hanover was determined to be the acquirer for accounting purposes and, therefore, our financial statements reflect Hanover’s historical results for periods prior to the merger date. We have included the financial results of Universal’s operations in our consolidated financial statements beginning August 20, 2007. References to “our,” “we” and “us” refer to Hanover for periods prior to the merger date and to Exterran for periods on or after the merger date.
As a result of the merger between Hanover and Universal, each outstanding share of common stock of Universal was converted into one share of Exterran common stock and each outstanding share of Hanover common stock was converted into 0.325 shares of Exterran common stock. All share and per share amounts in these consolidated financial statements and related notes have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the conversion ratio of Hanover common stock for all periods presented.
These financial statements reflect the retrospective adoption of SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an Amendment of ARB No. 51” (“SFAS No. 160”). SFAS No. 160 changes the accounting and reporting for minority interests such that minority interests are recharacterized as noncontrolling interests and are required to be reported as a component of equity, and requires that purchases or sales of equity interests that do not result in a change in control be accounted for as equity transactions and, upon a loss of control, requires the interest sold, as well as any interest retained, to be recorded at fair value, with any gain or loss recognized in earnings. The application of SFAS No. 160 resulted in the reclassification of minority interest into equity in our consolidated balance sheets.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include Exterran and its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Investments in affiliated entities in which we own more than a 20% interest and do not have a controlling interest are accounted for using the equity method.
Use of Estimates in the Financial Statements
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, as well as the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Because of the inherent uncertainties in this process, actual future results could differ from those expected at the reporting date. Management believes that the estimates and assumptions used are reasonable.
Our operations are influenced by many factors, including the global economy, international laws and currency exchange rates. Contractions in the more significant economies of the world could have a substantial negative impact on the rate of our growth and profitability. Acts of war or terrorism could influence these areas of risk and our operations. Doing business in international locations

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subjects us to various risks and considerations including, but not limited to, economic and political conditions abroad, currency exchange rates, tax laws and other laws and trade restrictions.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
We consider all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash consists of cash restricted for use to pay for distributions and expenses incurred under our asset-backed securitization facility (see Note 11). Therefore, restricted cash is excluded from cash and cash equivalents in the balance sheet and statement of cash flows.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue from contract operations is recorded when earned, which generally occurs monthly at the time the monthly service is provided to customers in accordance with the contracts. Aftermarket Services revenue is recorded as products are delivered and title is transferred or services are performed for the customer.
Fabrication revenue is recognized using the percentage-of-completion method when the applicable criteria are met. We estimate percentage-of-completion for compressor and accessory fabrication on a direct labor hour to total labor hour basis. Production and processing equipment fabrication percentage-of-completion is estimated using the direct labor hour to total labor hour and the cost to total cost basis. The typical duration of these projects is typically between three and thirty-six months.
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, advances to non-consolidated affiliates and notes receivable. We believe that the credit risk in temporary cash investments is limited because our cash is held in accounts with several financial institutions. Trade accounts and notes receivable are due from companies of varying size engaged principally in oil and natural gas activities throughout the world. We review the financial condition of customers prior to extending credit and generally do not obtain collateral for trade receivables. Payment terms are on a short-term basis and in accordance with industry practice. We consider this credit risk to be limited due to these companies’ financial resources, the nature of products and the services we provide them and the terms of our contract operations service contracts.
We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. The determination of the collectibility of amounts due from our customers requires us to use estimates and make judgments regarding future events and trends, including monitoring our customers’ payment history and current credit worthiness to determine that collectibility is reasonably assured, as well as consideration of the overall business climate in which our customers operate. Inherently, these uncertainties require us to make judgments and estimates regarding our customers’ ability to pay amounts due us in order to determine the appropriate amount of valuation allowances required for doubtful accounts. We review the adequacy of our allowance for doubtful accounts quarterly. We determine the allowance needed based on historical write-off experience and by evaluating significant balances aged greater than 90 days individually for collectibility. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. During 2008, 2007 and 2006, our bad debt expense was $4.7 million, $2.7 million and $2.5 million, respectively.
Inventory
Inventory consists of parts used for fabrication or maintenance of natural gas compression equipment and facilities, processing and production equipment, and also includes compression units and production equipment that are held for sale. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market using the average-cost method. A reserve is recorded against inventory balances for estimated obsolescence based on specific identification and historical experience.

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Trading Securities
From time to time, we purchase short-term debt securities denominated in U.S. dollars and exchange them for short-term debt securities denominated in local currency in Latin America to achieve more favorable exchange rates. These debt securities are classified as trading securities because we hold them for a short period of time and have frequent buying and selling. No trading securities were held as of December 31, 2008 and 2007.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost and are depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives as follows:
     
Compression equipment, facilities and other fleet assets
  3 to 30 years
Buildings
  20 to 35 years
Transportation, shop equipment and other
  3 to 12 years
Major improvements that extend the useful life of an asset are capitalized. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. When fleet units are sold, retired or otherwise disposed of, the gain or loss is recorded in other (income) expense, net. Interest is capitalized in connection with equipment and facilities meeting specific thresholds that are constructed for Exterran’s use in our contract operations business until such equipment is complete. The capitalized interest is recorded as part of the asset to which it relates and is amortized over the asset’s estimated useful life.
Computer software
Certain costs related to the development or purchase of internal-use software are capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful life of the software, which ranges from three to five years. Costs related to the preliminary project stage, data conversion and the post-implementation/operation stage of an internal-use computer software development project are expensed as incurred.
Long-Lived Assets
We review for the impairment of long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment, identifiable intangibles that are being amortized and assets held for sale whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. An impairment loss exists when estimated undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition are less than its carrying amount. The impairment loss recognized represents the excess of the asset’s carrying value as compared to its estimated fair value. Identifiable intangibles are amortized over the assets’ estimated useful lives.
We hold investments in companies with operations in areas that relate to our business. We record an investment impairment charge when we believe an investment has experienced a decline in value that is other than temporary.
Goodwill
Goodwill is reviewed for impairment annually or whenever events indicate impairment may have occurred.
Deferred Revenue
Deferred revenue is primarily comprised of billings related to jobs where revenue is recognized on the percentage-of-completion method that have not begun, milestone billings related to jobs where revenue is recognized on the completed contract method and deferred revenue on contract operations jobs that is expected to be recognized within one year.
Other (Income) Expense, Net
Other (income) expense, net is primarily comprised of gains and losses on foreign currency translation adjustments and on the sale of assets and trading securities.

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Noncontrolling Interest
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, noncontrolling interest was primarily comprised of the portion of Exterran Partners, L.P.’s (together with its subsidiaries, the “Partnership”) capital and earnings applicable to the limited partner interest in the Partnership not owned by us.
Income Taxes
We use the liability method for determining our income taxes, under which current and deferred tax liabilities and assets are recorded in accordance with enacted tax laws and rates. Under this method, the amounts of deferred tax liabilities and assets at the end of each period are determined using the tax rate expected to be in effect when taxes are actually paid or recovered. Future tax benefits are recognized to the extent that realization of such benefits is more likely than not.
Deferred income taxes are provided for the estimated income tax effect of temporary differences between financial and tax basis in assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets are also provided for certain tax credit carryforwards. A valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets is established when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The impact of an uncertain tax position taken or expected to be taken on an income tax return must be recognized in the financial statements at the largest amount that is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the relevant taxing authority.
We intend to indefinitely reinvest certain earnings of our foreign subsidiaries in operations outside the U.S., and accordingly, we have not provided for U.S. federal income taxes on such earnings. We do provide for the U.S. and additional foreign taxes on earnings anticipated to be repatriated from our foreign subsidiaries.
We operate in more than 30 countries and, as a result, are subject to the jurisdiction of numerous domestic and foreign tax authorities. Our operations in these different jurisdictions are taxed on various basis: actual income before taxes, deemed profits (which are generally determined using a percentage of revenues rather than profits) and withholding taxes based on revenue. Determination of taxable income in any jurisdiction requires the interpretation of the related tax laws and regulations and the use of estimates and assumptions regarding significant future events such as the amount, timing and character of deductions, permissible revenue recognition methods under the tax law and the sources and character of income and tax credits. Changes in tax laws, regulations, agreements and treaties, foreign currency exchange restrictions or our level of operations or profitability in each taxing jurisdiction could have an impact on the amount of income taxes that we provide during any given year.
Foreign Currency Translation
The financial statements of subsidiaries outside the U.S., except those for which we have determined that the U.S. dollar is the functional currency, are measured using the local currency as the functional currency. Assets and liabilities of these subsidiaries are translated at the rates of exchange in effect at the balance sheet date. Income and expense items are translated at average monthly rates of exchange. The resulting gains and losses from the translation of accounts are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) on our consolidated balance sheets. For subsidiaries for which we have determined that the U.S. dollar is the functional currency, translation gains and losses are included in other (income) expense, net on our consolidated statements of operations.
Hedging and Use of Derivative Instruments
We use derivative financial instruments to minimize the risks and/or costs associated with financial activities by managing our exposure to interest rate fluctuations on a portion of our debt obligations. We also use derivative financial instruments to minimize the risks caused by currency fluctuations in certain foreign currencies. We do not use derivative financial instruments for trading or other speculative purposes. We record interest rate swaps and foreign currency hedges on the balance sheet as either derivative assets or derivative liabilities measured at their fair value. Fair value for our derivatives was estimated using a combination of the market and income approach. Changes in the fair value of the derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are deferred in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, to the extent the contracts are effective as hedges until settlement of the underlying hedged transaction. To qualify for hedge accounting treatment, we must formally document, designate and assess the effectiveness of the transactions. If the necessary correlation ceases to exist or if the anticipated transaction becomes improbable, we would discontinue hedge accounting and apply mark-to-market accounting. Amounts paid or received from interest rate swap agreements are charged or credited to interest expense and matched with the cash flows and interest expense of the debt being hedged, resulting in an adjustment to the effective interest rate. Amounts paid or received from foreign currency derivatives designated as hedges are recorded against revenue and matched with the revenue recognized on the related contract being hedged.

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Earnings (Loss) Attributable to Exterran Stockholders Per Common Share
Basic income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders per common share is computed by dividing income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the period. Diluted income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders per common share is computed using the weighted average number of shares outstanding adjusted for the incremental common stock equivalents attributed to outstanding options to purchase common stock, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock issued pursuant to our employee stock purchase plan, convertible senior notes and convertible junior subordinated notes, unless their effect would be anti-dilutive.
The table below indicates the potential shares of common stock that were included in computing the dilutive potential shares of common stock used in diluted income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders per common share (in thousands):
                         
    Years Ended December 31,
    2008   2007   2006
Weighted average common shares outstanding — used in basic income (loss) per common share
    64,580       45,580       32,883  
Net dilutive potential common stock issuable:
                       
On exercise of options and vesting of restricted stock and restricted stock units
    **       464       414  
On settlement of employee stock purchase plan shares
    **       2        
On conversion of convertible junior subordinated notes due 2029
          254       **  
On conversion of convertible senior notes due 2008
    **       **       **  
On conversion of convertible senior notes due 2014
    **       **       3,114  
 
                       
Weighted average common shares and dilutive potential common shares — used in diluted income (loss) per common share
    64,580       46,300       36,411  
 
                       
 
**   Excluded from diluted income (loss) per common share as the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
Net income attributable to Exterran stockholders for the diluted earnings per share calculation for 2007 is adjusted to add back interest expense and amortization of financing costs, totaling $0.3 million, net of tax, relating to the convertible junior subordinated notes due 2029. Net income attributable to Exterran stockholders for the diluted earnings per share calculation for 2006 is adjusted to add back interest expense and amortization of financing costs, net of tax, relating to our convertible senior notes due 2014 totaling $4.7 million.
The table below indicates the potential shares of common stock issuable that were excluded from net dilutive potential shares of common stock issuable as their effect would have been anti-dilutive (in thousands):
                         
    Years Ended December 31,
    2008   2007   2006
Net dilutive potential common shares issuable:
                       
On exercise of options and vesting of restricted stock and restricted stock units
    576              
On exercise of options where exercise price is greater than average market value for the period
    556       14       17  
On settlement of employee stock purchase plan shares
    16              
On conversion of convertible junior subordinated notes due 2029
                1,568  
On conversion of convertible senior notes due 2008
    299       1,420       1,420  
On conversion of convertible senior notes due 2014
    3,114       3,114        
 
                       
 
    4,561       4,548       3,005  
 
                       
Stock Options and Stock-Based Compensation
Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted the fair value recognition provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payments,” (“SFAS No. 123(R)”) using the modified prospective transition method. Under that transition method, compensation cost recognized beginning in 2006 includes: (a) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted prior to, but not yet vested as of January 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value, and (b) compensation cost for any share-based payments granted subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value. On January 1, 2006, we recorded the cumulative effect of a change in accounting related to our adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) of $0.4 million (net of tax of $0) which relates to the requirement to estimate forfeitures on restricted stock awards.

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For 2008, 2007 and 2006, stock-based compensation expense of $17.3 million, $23.3 million and $9.8 million, respectively, was recognized and included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. For 2008, 2007 and 2006, we recognized income tax benefits that were recorded as an addition to additional paid-in capital in our consolidated balance sheet of $10.7 million, $13.1 million and $3.6 million, respectively, for share-based compensation arrangements.
Upon the closing of the merger, each share of restricted stock issued by Hanover and each Hanover stock option was converted into Exterran restricted stock and stock options, respectively, based on the applicable exchange ratio, and each Hanover stock option and each share of restricted stock or restricted stock unit of Hanover granted prior to the date of the merger agreement and outstanding as of the effective time of the merger vested in full. As a result of the merger, we included $11.7 million within our stock-based compensation expense for 2007 due to the accelerated vesting of Hanover’s restricted stock and stock options.
Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Components of comprehensive income (loss) are net income (loss) and all changes in equity during a period except those resulting from transactions with owners. Our accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consists of foreign currency translation adjustments and changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments, net of tax that are designated as cash flow hedges, and to the extent the hedge is effective. As a result of the changes in the fair values of derivatives designated as hedges, for 2008, we recorded a reduction to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) of $46.4 million, which is net of tax of $34.2 million.
Financial Instruments
Our financial instruments include cash, receivables, payables, interest rate swaps, foreign currency hedges and debt. At December 31, 2007, the estimated values of such financial instruments approximated their carrying values as reflected in our consolidated balance sheets, except for fixed rate debt. At December 31, 2008, the estimated fair value of such financial instruments, except for debt, approximated their carrying value as reflected in our consolidated balance sheets. As a result of the current credit environment, we believe that the fair value of our floating rate debt does not approximate its carrying value as of December 31, 2008 due to the applicable margin on our floating rate debt being below market rates as of this date. The fair value of our fixed rate debt has been estimated primarily based on quoted market prices. The fair value of our floating rate debt has been estimated based on debt transactions that occurred near December 31, 2008. A summary of the fair value and carrying value of our debt as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 is shown in the table below:
                                 
    As of December 31, 2008     As of December 31, 2007  
    Carrying             Carrying        
    Amount     Fair Value     Amount     Fair Value  
    (In thousands)  
Fixed rate debt
  $ 144,088     $ 88,018     $ 336,924     $ 461,601  
Floating rate debt
    2,368,341       2,116,588       1,997,000       1,997,000  
 
                       
Total debt
  $ 2,512,429     $ 2,204,606     $ 2,333,924     $ 2,458,601  
 
                       
SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“SFAS No. 133”), as amended by SFAS No. 137, SFAS No. 138 and SFAS No. 149, requires that all derivative instruments (including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts) be recognized in the balance sheet at fair value, and that changes in such fair values be recognized in earnings (loss) unless specific hedging criteria are met. Changes in the values of derivatives that meet these hedging criteria will ultimately offset related earnings effects of the hedged item pending recognition in earnings.
Reclassifications
Certain amounts in the 2006 financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the 2008 and 2007 financial statement classification including the reclassification of our used equipment sales to report these transactions within other (income) expense, net and reclassification of installation sales from Aftermarket Services to our Fabrication segment. Additionally, we reclassified costs relating to our supply chain department to include it as part of cost of sales rather than a component of selling, general and administrative expense.

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Subsequent to the merger between Hanover and Universal, we evaluated our management process for analyzing the performance of our operations and changed our segment reporting in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles in order to enable investors to view our operations in a manner similar to the way management does. In 2006, our Fabrication segment originally reported three product lines: Compressor and Accessory Fabrication, Production and Processing Fabrication — Surface Equipment and Production and Processing Fabrication — Belleli. In 2007, we also renamed three of our segments as follows: U.S. Rentals is now referred to as North America Contract Operations; International Rentals is now referred to as International Contract Operations; and Parts, Service and Used Equipment is now referred to as Aftermarket Services. North America Contract Operations includes U.S. and Canada contract operations. The changes in our reportable segments, including the reclassification on the consolidated statements of operations of the related revenues and costs of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization), have been made to the 2006 financial information presented within this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
2. Business Acquisitions
On August 20, 2007, pursuant to the merger agreement dated as of February 5, 2007, as amended, by and among us, Hanover, Universal, Hector Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation and our wholly-owned subsidiary, and Ulysses Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation and our wholly-owned subsidiary, Ulysses Sub, Inc. merged with and into Universal and Hector Sub, Inc. merged with and into Hanover. As a result of the merger, each of Universal and Hanover became our wholly-owned subsidiary. Immediately following the completion of the merger, Universal merged with and into us.
As a result of the merger, each outstanding share of common stock of Universal was converted into one share of Exterran common stock, which resulted in the issuance of approximately 30.3 million shares of Exterran common stock. Additionally, each outstanding share of Hanover common stock was converted into 0.325 shares of common stock of Exterran, which resulted in the issuance of approximately 35.6 million shares of Exterran common stock. Exterran’s common stock, listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “EXH,” began trading on August 21, 2007, concurrent with the cessation of the trading of Hanover and Universal common stock. The merger has been accounted for as a purchase business combination. We determined that Hanover was the acquirer for accounting purposes and therefore our financial statements reflect Hanover’s historical results for periods prior to the merger date. We have included the financial results of Universal in our consolidated financial statements beginning August 20, 2007.
The total purchase price of Universal was $2.1 billion, including the fair value of Universal stock options assumed and acquisition related transaction costs. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at their fair values as of August 20, 2007. The purchase price has been calculated as follows:
         
Number of shares of Universal common stock outstanding at August 20, 2007
    30,273,866  
Conversion ratio
    1.0  
Number of shares of Exterran that were issued
    30,273,866  
Assumed market price of an Exterran share that was issued(1)
  $ 66.18  
 
     
Aggregate value of the Exterran shares that were issued
  $ 2,003,524,000  
Fair value of vested and unvested Universal stock options outstanding as of August 20, 2007, which were converted into options to purchase Exterran common stock(2)
    67,574,000  
Capitalizable transaction costs
    11,469,000  
 
     
Purchase price
  $ 2,082,567,000  
 
     
 
(1)   The stock price is based on the average close price of Hanover’s stock for the two days before and through the two days after the announcement of the merger on February 5, 2007, divided by the exchange ratio.
 
(2)   The majority of Universal’s stock options and stock-based compensation vested upon consummation of the merger.
The completion of the merger resulted in the acceleration of vesting of certain long-term incentive awards held by Hanover employees, including executive officers. On the merger date of August 20, 2007, there was approximately $13.1 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock, stock options and cash incentive awards that were subject to acceleration of vesting and were expensed upon completion of the merger. Additionally, we recorded a charge on the merger date of approximately $8.4 million related to executives with change of control agreements who were entitled to payments under those agreements as a result of the merger.

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During 2008 and 2007, merger and integration expenses related to the merger between Hanover and Universal were primarily comprised of acceleration of vesting of restricted stock, stock options and long-term cash incentives; professional fees; amortization of retention bonus awards; and change of control payments and severance for employees. Prior to the completion of the merger, the boards of directors of each of Hanover and Universal adopted a retention bonus plan of up to $10 million for each company. These plans provided for awards to certain key employees if such individuals remained employed by Exterran through a specific date or dates in 2008, or were terminated without cause prior to such dates.
Under the purchase method of accounting, the total purchase price was allocated to Universal’s net tangible and identifiable intangible assets based on their estimated fair values as of August 20, 2007, as set forth below. The excess of the purchase price over net tangible and identifiable intangible assets was recorded as goodwill. The goodwill resulting from the allocation of the purchase price was primarily associated with Universal’s market presence in certain geographic locations where Hanover did not have a presence, the advantage of a lower cost of capital over time that we believe results from the Partnership’s structure, growth opportunities in the markets that the combined companies serve, the expected cost saving synergies from the merger, the expertise of Universal’s experienced workforce and its established operating infrastructure.
The table below indicates the purchase price allocation to Universal’s net tangible and identifiable intangible assets based on their estimated fair values as of August 20, 2007 (in thousands):
         
    Fair Value  
Current assets
  $ 488,361  
Property, plant and equipment
    1,669,399  
Goodwill
    1,275,760  
Intangible and other assets
    229,705  
Current liabilities
    (317,932 )
Long-term debt
    (812,969 )
Deferred income taxes
    (236,072 )
Other long-term liabilities
    (21,225 )
Noncontrolling interest
    (192,460 )
 
     
Purchase price
  $ 2,082,567  
 
     
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Acquired
The amount of goodwill of $1,275.8 million resulting from the merger is considered to have an indefinite life and will not be amortized. Instead, goodwill will be reviewed for impairment annually or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist. In the fourth quarter of 2008 we recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $1,148.4 million. See Note 9 for further discussion of this goodwill impairment charge. Approximately $91.5 million of the goodwill recognized from the merger was deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
The amount of finite life intangible assets includes $159.6 million and $42.0 million associated with customer relationships and contracts, respectively. The intangible assets for customer relationships and contracts are being amortized through 2024 and 2015, respectively, based on the present value of expected income to be realized from these assets. Finite life intangible assets also include $12.0 million for the Universal fabrication backlog that existed on the date of the merger and is being amortized over 15 months.
Exterran Partners, L.P.
As a result of the merger, we became the indirect majority owner of the Partnership. The Partnership is a master limited partnership that was formed to provide natural gas contract operations services to customers throughout the U.S. In October 2006, the Partnership completed its initial public offering. As of December 31, 2008, a 44% limited partner ownership interest in the Partnership was held by public unitholders and we owned the remaining equity interest including all incentive distribution rights. The general partner of the Partnership is our subsidiary and we consolidate the financial position and results of operations of the Partnership. It is our intention for the Partnership to be the primary vehicle for the growth of our U.S. contract operations business and for us to continue to contribute U.S. contract operations customer contracts and equipment to the Partnership over time in exchange for cash and/or additional interests in the Partnership. As of December 31, 2008, the Partnership had a fleet of approximately 2,489 compressor units comprising approximately 1,026,124 horsepower, or 23% (by available horsepower) of our and the Partnership’s combined total U.S. horsepower.

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We are party to an omnibus agreement with the Partnership and others (as amended and restated, the “Omnibus Agreement”), the terms of which include, among other things, our agreement to provide to the Partnership operational staff, corporate staff and support services; the terms governing our sales to the Partnership of newly fabricated equipment; the terms governing our transfers between the Partnership and us of compression equipment and an agreement by us to provide caps on the amount of cost of sales and selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expense that the Partnership must pay.
Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information
The unaudited financial information in the table below summarizes the combined results of operations of Hanover and Universal, on a pro forma basis, as though the companies had been combined as of the beginning of each of the periods presented. The unaudited pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that would have occurred had the transaction been consummated at the beginning of each period presented, nor is it necessarily indicative of future results. The pro forma information for 2007 and 2006 excludes non-recurring items related to merger and integration expenses. The pro forma information for 2007 and 2006 includes $77.1 million of debt extinguishment related charges and $61.9 million of fleet impairment charges incurred in the third quarter of 2007, as discussed in Note 11 and Note 20, respectively, below. The pro forma amounts represent the historical operating results of Hanover and Universal with adjustments for purchase accounting expenses and to conform accounting policies that affect revenues, cost of sales, SG&A expenses, depreciation and amortization, interest expense, other income (expense), net and income taxes (in thousands, except per share amounts).
                 
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006  
Total revenues
  $ 3,290,272     $ 2,548,177  
 
           
Net income attributable to Exterran stockholders
  $ 115,768     $ 166,184  
 
           
Basic income attributable to Exterran stockholders per common share
  $ 1.79     $ 2.65  
 
           
Diluted income attributable to Exterran stockholders per common share
  $ 1.77     $ 2.53  
 
           
In January 2008, we acquired GLR Solutions Ltd. (“GLR”), a Canadian provider of water treatment products for the upstream petroleum and other industries, for approximately $25 million plus certain working capital adjustments and contingent payments of up to $22 million (Canadian) based on the performance of GLR over each of the three years ending December 31, 2010. Under the purchase method of accounting, the total preliminary purchase price was allocated to GLR’s net tangible and intangible assets based on their estimated fair value at the purchase date. This preliminary allocation resulted in goodwill and intangible assets of $12.5 million and $15.3 million, respectively. We are in the process of finalizing valuations related to identifiable intangible assets and residual goodwill. The preliminary allocation of the purchase price was based upon preliminary valuations and our estimates and assumptions are subject to change upon the completion of management’s review of the final valuations. Changes to the preliminary purchase price could impact future amortization expense and final valuation of net assets is expected to be completed as soon as possible, but no later than one year from the acquisition date, in accordance with GAAP. The intangible assets for customer relationships and patents are being amortized through 2027 based on the present value of expected income to be realized from these assets. The intangible assets for non-compete agreements and backlog will be amortized over five years and one year, respectively. The goodwill and intangible assets from this acquisition are not deductible for Canadian tax purposes.
In July 2008, we acquired EMIT Water Discharge Technology, LLC (“EMIT”), a leading provider of contract water management and processing services to the coalbed methane industry for approximately $108.6 million. Under the purchase method of accounting, the total purchase price was allocated to EMIT’s net tangible and intangible assets based on their estimated fair value at the purchase date. This allocation resulted in goodwill and intangible assets of $45.8 million and $41.7 million, respectively. The intangible assets for contracts and customer relationships are being amortized through 2017 and 2019, respectively, based on the present value of expected income to be realized from these assets. The intangible assets for non-compete agreements and technology will be amortized through 2013 and 2027, respectively. The goodwill and intangible assets from this acquisition are deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
3. Dispositions
In February 2006, we sold our U.S. amine treating assets to Crosstex Energy Services L.P. (“Crosstex”) for approximately $51.5 million and recorded a pre-tax gain of $28.4 million that is included in other (income) expense, net in our consolidated statements of operations. The disposal of these assets did not meet the criteria established for recognition as discontinued operations under SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets” (“SFAS No. 144”). Our U.S. amine treating assets had revenues of approximately $7.6 million in 2005. Because we leased back from Crosstex one of the facilities sold in this transaction, approximately $3.3 million of additional gain was deferred into future periods. We also entered into a three-year strategic alliance with Crosstex.

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During the first quarter of 2006, our board of directors approved management’s plan to dispose of the assets used in our fabrication facility in Canada, which was part of our fabrication segment. These assets were sold in May 2006 as part of management’s plan to improve overall operating efficiency in this line of business. The Canadian assets were sold for approximately $10.1 million and we recorded a pre-tax gain of approximately $8.0 million as a result of the transaction in other (income) expense, net in our consolidated statements of operations. The disposal of these assets did not meet the criteria established for recognition as discontinued operations under SFAS No. 144.
4. Inventory
Inventory, net of reserves, consisted of the following amounts (in thousands):
                 
    December 31,  
    2008     2007  
Parts and supplies
  $ 318,035     $ 246,540  
Work in progress
    191,692       139,956  
Finished goods
    17,372       24,940  
 
           
Inventory, net of reserves
  $ 527,099     $ 411,436  
 
           
During 2008, 2007 and 2006, we recorded approximately $2.5 million, $1.7 million and $2.3 million, respectively, in inventory write-downs and reserves for inventory, which were either obsolete, excess or carried at a price above market value. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, we had inventory reserves of $18.4 million and $21.5 million, respectively.
5. Fabrication Contracts
Costs, estimated earnings and billings on uncompleted contracts consisted of the following (in thousands):
                 
    December 31,  
    2008     2007  
Costs incurred on uncompleted contracts
  $ 1,522,102     $ 1,241,913  
Estimated earnings
    282,238       214,948  
 
           
 
    1,804,340       1,456,861  
Less — billings to date
    (1,742,808 )     (1,340,670 )
 
           
 
  $ 61,532     $ 116,191  
 
           
Presented in the accompanying financial statements as follows (in thousands):
                 
    December 31,  
    2008     2007  
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts
  $ 219,487     $ 203,932  
Billings on uncompleted contracts in excess of costs and estimated earnings
    (157,955 )     (87,741 )
 
           
 
  $ 61,532     $ 116,191  
 
           
6. Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands):
                 
    December 31,  
    2008     2007  
Compression equipment, facilities and other fleet assets
  $ 4,691,930     $ 4,359,936  
Land and buildings
    182,972       175,925  
Transportation and shop equipment
    190,365       147,797  
Other
    110,877       72,395  
 
           
 
    5,176,144       4,756,053  
Accumulated depreciation
    (1,502,278 )     (1,222,548 )
 
           
Property, plant and equipment, net
  $ 3,673,866     $ 3,533,505  
 
           

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Depreciation expense was $331.5 million, $235.2 million and $175.1 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Assets under construction of $252.3 million and $190.3 million are included in compression equipment, facilities and other fleet assets at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. We capitalized $0.5 million, $1.4 million and $1.8 million of interest related to construction in process during 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
7. Intangible and Other Assets
Intangible and other assets consisted of the following (in thousands):
                 
    December 31,  
    2008     2007  
Deferred debt issuance and leasing transactions costs, net
  $ 13,993     $ 15,968  
Notes and other receivables
    4,283       6,615  
Intangible assets, net
    220,535       246,729  
Deferred taxes
    35,768       22,536  
Other
    24,493       19,609  
 
           
Intangibles and other assets, net
  $ 299,072     $ 311,457  
 
           
Notes receivable result primarily from customers for sales of equipment or advances to other parties in the ordinary course of business.
Intangible assets and deferred debt issuance costs consisted of the following (in thousands):
                                 
    December 31, 2008     December 31, 2007  
    Gross             Gross        
    Carrying     Accumulated     Carrying     Accumulated  
    Amount     Amortization     Amount     Amortization  
Deferred debt issuance costs
  $ 20,541     $ (6,548 )   $ 25,210     $ (9,242 )
Marketing related (20 yr life)
    750       (115 )     2,178       (556 )
Customer related (17-20 yr life)
    172,220       (21,953 )     191,331       (5,404 )
Technology based (5 yr life)
    32,360       (1,212 )     710       (639 )
Contract based (1-17 yr life)
    75,814       (37,329 )     72,069       (12,960 )
 
                       
Intangible assets and deferred debt issuance costs
  $ 301,685     $ (67,157 )   $ 291,498     $ (28,801 )
 
                       
Amortization of deferred debt issuance costs totaled $3.4 million, $4.7 million and $5.5 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and are recorded to interest expense in our consolidated statements of operations. Amortization of intangible costs totaled $42.1 million, $17.5 million and $0.8 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Customer related intangible assets acquired in connection with the merger are being amortized based upon the expected cash flows over a seventeen year period. Deferred financing costs of $16.4 million were written off in conjunction with the refinancing completed during the third quarter of 2007 and recorded to debt extinguishment costs in our consolidated statements of operations.
Estimated future intangible and deferred debt issuance cost amortization expense is as follows (in thousands):
         
2009
  $ 36,024  
2010
    31,971  
2011
    28,177  
2012
    23,559  
2013
    18,446  
Thereafter
    96,351  
 
     
 
  $ 234,528  
 
     
8. Investments in Non-Consolidated Affiliates
Investments in affiliates that are not controlled by Exterran but where we have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operations are accounted for using the equity method. Our share of net income or losses of these affiliates is reflected in the consolidated statements of operations as equity in income (loss) of non-consolidated affiliates. Our primary equity method investments are comprised of entities that own, operate, service and maintain compression and other related facilities, as well as water injection plants. Our equity method investments totaled approximately $83.9 million and $86.1 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

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Our ownership interest and location of each equity method investee at December 31, 2008 is as follows:
                         
    Ownership              
    Interest     Location   Type of Business
PIGAP II
    30.0 %   Venezuela   Gas Compression Plant
El Furrial
    33.3 %   Venezuela   Gas Compression Plant
SIMCO/Harwat Consortium
    35.5 %   Venezuela   Water Injection Plant
Summarized balance sheet information for investees accounted for by the equity method is as follows (on a 100% basis, in thousands):
                 
    December 31,  
    2008     2007  
Current assets
  $ 219,518     $ 194,835  
Non-current assets
    403,162       426,268  
Current liabilities, including current debt
    259,396       85,232  
Long-term debt payable
    28,063       247,045  
Other non-current liabilities
    136,760       124,809  
Owners’ equity
    198,460       164,017  
Summarized earnings information for these entities for 2008, 2007 and 2006 is as follows (on a 100% basis, in thousands):
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2008     2007     2006  
Revenues
  $ 208,148     $ 192,923     $ 199,029  
Operating income
    104,543       91,718       86,421  
Net income
    46,922       29,683       20,003  
We own 35.5% of the SIMCO/Harwat Consortium, which owns, operates and services water injection plants in Venezuela. During the third quarter of 2007, we determined that the financial condition and near and long-term prospects of our investment in the SIMCO/Harwat Consortium had declined and that we had a loss in our investment that was not temporary. This decline was primarily caused by increased costs to operate their business that are not expected to improve in the near term. In the third quarter of 2007, we recorded an impairment of our investment in the SIMCO/Harwat Consortium of $6.7 million, which is reflected as a charge in equity in income (loss) of non-consolidated affiliates in our consolidated statements of operations.
Due to unresolved disputes with its customer, the Venezuelan national oil company, SIMCO management sent a notice to that customer in the fourth quarter of 2008 stating that SIMCO may not be able to continue to fund its operations if some of its outstanding disputes are not resolved and paid in the near future. On February 25, 2009, we received notice that the Venezuelan National Guard has occupied SIMCO’s facilities and has begun a transition of the management of SIMCO’s operations to the Venezuelan national oil company. The ultimate outcome of these actions is unknown at this time.
At December 31, 2008, we evaluated our investment in this joint venture and do not believe our investment was impaired; however, we cannot provide assurances that we will not have an impairment of this investment in the future. At December 31, 2008, our investment in the SIMCO/Harwat Consortium was $6.7 million.
Current liabilities includes a total of $177 million of PIGAP II and El Furrial debt at December 31, 2008 which was in technical default triggered by past due payments from their sole customer, the Venezuelan state-owned oil company, under the related services contracts. Management of PIGAP II and El Furrial are in discussion with the associated lenders to obtain waivers.
During 2008, 2007 and 2006, we received approximately $3.7 million, $8.5 million and $17.6 million, respectively, in dividends from our joint ventures. At December 31, 2008 and 2007 we had cumulatively recognized approximately $14.4 million and $3.8 million, respectively, of earnings, net of tax, in excess of distributions from these joint ventures.
In connection with our investment in El Furrial and the SIMCO/Harwat Consortium, we guaranteed our portion of certain debt in the joint venture related to these projects. We guaranteed approximately $21.1 million and $24.0 million of the debt that was on the books of the El Furrial joint venture as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. These amounts are not recorded on our books.

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9. Goodwill
Goodwill acquired in connection with business combinations represents the excess of consideration over the fair value of tangible and identifiable intangible net assets acquired. Certain assumptions and estimates are employed in determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as in determining the allocation of goodwill to the appropriate reporting units.
We perform our goodwill impairment test in the fourth quarter of every year, or whenever events indicate impairment may have occurred, to determine if the estimated recoverable value of each of our reporting units exceeds the net carrying value of the reporting unit, including the applicable goodwill.
The first step in performing a goodwill impairment test is to compare the estimated fair value of each reporting unit with its recorded net book value (including the goodwill) of the respective reporting unit. If the estimated fair value of the reporting unit is higher than the recorded net book value, no impairment is deemed to exist and no further testing is required. If, however, the estimated fair value of the reporting unit is below the recorded net book value, then a second step must be performed to determine the goodwill impairment required, if any. In this second step, the estimated fair value from the first step is used as the purchase price in a hypothetical acquisition of the reporting unit. Purchase business combination accounting rules are followed to determine a hypothetical purchase price allocation to the reporting unit’s assets and liabilities. The residual amount of goodwill that results from this hypothetical purchase price allocation is compared to the recorded amount of goodwill for the reporting unit, and the recorded amount is written down to the hypothetical amount, if lower.
Because quoted market prices for our reporting units are not available, management must apply judgment in determining the estimated fair value of these reporting units for purposes of performing the annual goodwill impairment test. Management uses all available information to make these fair value determinations, including the present values of expected future cash flows using discount rates commensurate with the risks involved in the assets.
We determine the fair value of our reporting units using a combination of the expected present value of future cash flows and a market approach. Each approach is weighted 50% in determining our calculated fair value. The present value of future cash flows is estimated using our most recent forecast and the weighted average cost of capital. The market approach uses a market multiple on the reporting units’ earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization.
In the second half of 2008, there were severe disruptions in the credit and capital markets and reductions in global economic activity which had significant adverse impacts on stock markets and oil-and-gas-related commodity prices, both of which we believe contributed to a significant decline in our stock price and corresponding market capitalization. We determined that the fourth quarter 2008 continuation and deepening recession and financial market crisis, along with the continuing decline in the market value of our common stock resulted in an impairment of all of the goodwill in our North America contract operations reporting unit. These factors impacted our estimated weighted average cost of capital and multiples used in determining the fair value of our reporting units in the fourth quarter of 2008.
Our North America contract operations reporting unit failed step one of the goodwill impairment test and we recorded an estimated impairment of goodwill in our North America contract operations reporting unit of $1,148.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2008. The goodwill impairment charge is estimated as we are in the process of finalizing valuations including identifiable intangible assets, debt and property, plant and equipment. The amount of the goodwill impairment charge will be finalized by the end of the first quarter of 2009. All of our other reporting units passed step one of the goodwill impairment test. If for any reason the fair value of our goodwill or that of any of our reporting units declines below the carrying value in the future, we may incur additional goodwill impairment charges.
The table below presents the change in the net carrying amount of goodwill, including the impact of the purchase price allocation for Universal, for 2008 and 2007 (in thousands):
                                         
            Acquisitions/                    
            Dispositions/                    
    December 31,     Purchase     Impact of Foreign     Goodwill     December 31,  
    2007     Adjustments     Currency Translation     Impairment     2008  
North America contract operations
  $ 1,114,181     $ 40,210     $ (6,020 )   $ (1,148,371 )   $  
International contract operations
    176,885       6,332       (8,476 )           174,741  
Aftermarket services
    66,042       187       (5,091 )           61,138  
Fabrication
    98,773       9,232       (3,258 )           104,747  
 
                             
Total
  $ 1,455,881     $ 55,961     $ (22,845 )   $ (1,148,371 )   $ 340,626  
 
                             

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    December 31,     Acquisitions/     Impact of Foreign     Goodwill     December 31,  
    2006     Dispositions     Currency Translation     Impairment     2007  
North America contract operations
  $ 97,071     $ 1,017,110     $     $     $ 1,114,181  
International contract operations
    37,654       137,359       1,872             176,885  
Aftermarket services
    31,982       34,060                   66,042  
Fabrication
    14,391       84,382                   98,773  
 
                             
Total
  $ 181,098     $ 1,272,911     $ 1,872     $     $ 1,455,881  
 
                             
10. Accrued Liabilities
Accrued liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):
                 
    December 31,  
    2008     2007  
Accrued salaries and other benefits
  $ 77,033     $ 108,464  
Accrued income and other taxes
    139,892       100,910  
Accrued warranty expense
    6,541       6,498  
Accrued interest
    7,834       12,397  
Accrued other liabilities
    75,661       93,584  
Interest rate swaps fair value
    30,424       4,310  
 
           
Accrued liabilities
  $ 337,385     $ 326,163  
 
           
11. Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt consisted of the following (in thousands):
                 
    December 31,  
    2008     2007  
Revolving credit facility due 2012
    269,591       180,000  
Term loan
    800,000       800,000  
2007 ABS Facility notes due 2012
    900,000       800,000  
Partnership’s revolving credit facility due 2011
    281,250       217,000  
Partnership’s term loan facility due 2011
    117,500        
4.75% convertible senior notes due 2008
          192,000  
4.75% convertible senior notes due 2014
    143,750       143,750  
Other, interest at various rates, collateralized by equipment and other assets
    338       1,174  
 
           
 
    2,512,429       2,333,924  
Less current maturities
    (101 )     (997 )
 
           
Long-term debt
  $ 2,512,328     $ 2,332,927  
 
           
Following the merger of Hanover and Universal, we completed a refinancing of a significant amount of our outstanding debt. We entered into a $1.65 billion senior secured credit facility and a $1.0 billion asset-backed securitization facility.
Exterran Senior Secured Credit Facility
On August 20, 2007, we entered into a senior secured credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with various financial institutions as the lenders. The Credit Agreement consists of (i) a five year revolving senior secured credit facility (the “Revolver”) in the aggregate amount of $850 million, which includes a variable allocation for a Canadian tranche and the ability to issue letters of credit under the facility and (ii) a six year term loan senior secured credit facility, in the aggregate amount of $800 million with principal payments due on multiple dates through June 2013 (collectively, the “Credit Facility”). Subject to certain conditions as of December 31, 2008, at our request and with the approval of the lenders, the aggregate commitments under the Credit Facility may be increased by an additional $300 million less certain adjustments.
As of December 31, 2008, we had $269.6 million in outstanding borrowings and $347.0 million in letters of credit outstanding under the Revolver. In September 2008, Lehman Brothers, one of the lenders under our Revolver, filed for bankruptcy protection. As of December 31, 2008, Lehman Brothers was not able to fund its portion of the unfunded commitments under our Revolver. Therefore, our ability to borrow under this facility has been reduced by $3.2 million as of December 31, 2008. Additional borrowings of up to approximately $230.2 million were available under that facility as of December 31, 2008 after taking into account Lehman Brothers

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inability to fund future amounts. Our ability to borrow under this facility could be further reduced in the future by up to $8.4 million as of December 31, 2008, which represents Lehman Brothers’ pro rata portion of outstanding borrowings and letters of credit under our revolving credit facility at December 31, 2008.
The Credit Agreement bears interest, if the borrowings are in U.S. dollars, at LIBOR or a base rate, at our option, plus an applicable margin or, if the borrowings are in Canadian dollars, at U.S. dollar LIBOR, U.S. dollar base rate or Canadian prime rate, at our option, plus the applicable margin or the Canadian dollar bankers’ acceptance rate. The base rate is the higher of the U.S. Prime Rate or the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.5%. The applicable margin varies depending on the debt ratings of our senior secured indebtedness (i) in the case of LIBOR loans, from 0.65% to 1.75% or (ii) in the case of base rate or Canadian prime rate loans, from 0.0% to 0.75%. The applicable margin at December 31, 2008 was 0.825%. At December 31, 2008 all amounts outstanding were LIBOR loans and the weighted average interest rate, excluding the effect of interest rate swaps, was 2.2%.
The Credit Agreement contains various covenants with which we must comply, including, but not limited to, limitations on incurrence of indebtedness, investments, liens on assets, transactions with affiliates, mergers, consolidations, sales of assets and other provisions customary in similar types of agreements. We must also maintain, on a consolidated basis, required leverage and interest coverage ratios. Additionally, the Credit Agreement contains customary conditions, representations and warranties, events of default and indemnification provisions. Our indebtedness under the Credit Facility is collateralized by liens on substantially all of our personal property in the U.S. The assets of the Partnership and our wholly-owned subsidiary, Exterran ABS 2007 LLC (along with its subsidiary, “Exterran ABS”), are not collateral under the Credit Agreement. Exterran Canada’s indebtedness under the Credit Facility is collateralized by liens on substantially all of its personal property in Canada. We have executed a U.S. Pledge Agreement pursuant to which we and our significant subsidiaries (as defined in the Credit Agreement) are required to pledge our equity and the equity of certain subsidiaries. The Partnership and Exterran ABS are not pledged under this agreement and do not guarantee debt under the Credit Facility.
Exterran Asset-Backed Securitization Facility
On August 20, 2007, Exterran ABS entered into a $1.0 billion asset-backed securitization facility (the “2007 ABS Facility”) and issued $400 million in notes under this facility. On September 18, 2007, an additional $400 million of notes were issued under this facility. In October 2008, we borrowed an additional $100 million on this facility. Interest and fees payable to the noteholders accrue on these notes at a variable rate consisting of one month LIBOR plus an applicable margin. For outstanding amounts up to $800 million, the applicable margin is 0.825%. For amounts outstanding over $800 million, the applicable margin is 1.35%. The weighted average interest rate at December 31, 2008 on borrowings under the 2007 ABS Facility, excluding the effect of interest rate swaps, was 1.4%. The 2007 ABS Facility is revolving in nature and is payable in July 2012. The amount outstanding at any time is limited to the lower of (i) 80% of the appraised value of the natural gas compression equipment owned by Exterran ABS and its subsidiaries (ii) 4.5 times free cash flow or (iii) the amount calculated under an interest coverage test. The related indenture contains customary terms and conditions with respect to an issuance of asset-backed securities, including representations and warranties, covenants and events of default.
Repayment of the 2007 ABS Facility has been secured by a pledge of all of the assets of Exterran ABS, consisting primarily of a fleet of natural gas compressors and the related contracts to provide compression services to our customers. Under the 2007 ABS Facility, we had $7.6 million of restricted cash as of December 31, 2008.
The Partnership Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan
The Partnership, as guarantor, and EXLP Operating LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Partnership (together with the Partnership, the “Partnership Borrowers”), entered into a senior secured credit agreement in 2006. The five year revolving credit facility under the credit agreement was expanded in 2007 from $225 million to $315 million and matures in October 2011. As of December 31, 2008, there were $281.3 million in outstanding borrowings under the Partnership’s revolving credit facility and $33.7 million was available for additional borrowings.
The Partnership’s revolving credit facility bears interest at a base rate or LIBOR, at the Partnership’s option, plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin, depending on its leverage ratio, varies (i) in the case of LIBOR loans, from 1.0% to 2.0% or (ii) in the case of base rate loans, from 0.0% to 1.0%. The base rate is the higher of the U.S. Prime Rate or the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.5%. At December 31, 2008, all amounts outstanding were LIBOR loans and the applicable margin was 1.5%. The weighted average interest rate on the outstanding balance at December 31, 2008, excluding the effect of interest rate swaps, was 4.0%.

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In May 2008, the Partnership Borrowers entered into an amendment to its senior secured credit agreement that increased the aggregate commitments under that facility to provide for a $117.5 million term loan facility. The $117.5 million term loan was funded during July 2008 and $58.3 million was drawn on the Partnership’s revolving credit facility, which together were used to repay debt assumed by the Partnership concurrent with the acquisition by the Partnership from us of certain contract operations customer service agreements and a fleet of compressor units used to provide compression services under those agreements and to pay other costs incurred associated with this transaction. The $117.5 million term loan is non-amortizing but must be repaid with the net proceeds from any equity offerings of the Partnership until paid in full. All amounts outstanding under the senior secured credit facility mature in October 2011.
The term loan bears interest at a base rate or LIBOR, at the Partnership’s option, plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin, depending on its leverage ratio, varies (i) in the case of LIBOR loans, from 1.5% to 2.5% or (ii) in the case of base rate loans, from 0.5% to 1.5%. Borrowings under the term loan will be subject to the same credit agreement and covenants as the Partnership’s revolving credit facility, except for an additional covenant requiring mandatory prepayment of the term loan from net cash proceeds of any future equity offerings of the Partnership, on a dollar-for-dollar basis. At December 31, 2008, all amounts outstanding were LIBOR loans and the applicable margin was 2.0%. The weighted average interest rate on the outstanding balance of the Partnership’s term loan at December 31, 2008, excluding the effect of interest rate swaps, was 2.5%.
Subject to certain conditions, at the Partnership’s request and with the approval of the lenders, the aggregate commitments under the senior secured credit facility may be increased by an additional $17.5 million. This amount will be increased on a dollar-for-dollar basis with each repayment under the term loan facility.
Borrowings under the credit agreement are secured by substantially all of the personal property assets of the Partnership Borrowers. In addition, all of the membership interests of the Partnership’s U.S. restricted subsidiaries has been pledged to secure the obligations under the credit agreement.
Under the credit agreement, the Partnership Borrowers are subject to certain limitations, including limitations on their ability to incur additional debt or sell assets, with restrictions on the use of proceeds; to make certain investments and acquisitions; to grant liens; and to pay dividends and distributions. The Partnership Borrowers are also subject to financial covenants which include a total leverage and an interest coverage ratio.
4.75% Convertible Senior Notes
In March 2001, we issued $192 million aggregate principal amount of 4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due March 15, 2008, and in December 2003 we issued $143.75 million aggregate principal amount of 4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due January 15, 2014. In connection with the closing of the merger, on August 20, 2007, we executed supplemental indentures between Hanover and the trustees, pursuant to which Exterran Holdings, Inc. agreed to fully and unconditionally guarantee the obligations of Hanover relating to the 4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2008 and the 4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2014 (collectively, the “Convertible Notes”). Hanover, renamed Exterran Energy Corp., the issuer of the Convertible Notes, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Exterran Holdings, Inc. that has no independent assets or operations, as defined in Regulation S-X Article 3-10. Exterran Holdings, Inc. does not have any other subsidiaries that are not owned by Exterran Energy Corp. There are no significant restrictions on the ability of Exterran Holdings, Inc. to obtain funds from Exterran Energy Corp. by dividend or loan.
The Convertible Notes are our general unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of our other senior debt. The Convertible Notes are effectively subordinated to all existing and future liabilities of our subsidiaries.
4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2008
Our 4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2008 were repaid using funds from our revolving credit facility in March 2008.
4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2014
The 4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2014 are convertible into a whole number of shares of our common stock and cash in lieu of fractional shares. The 4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2014 are convertible at the option of the holder into shares of our common stock at a conversion rate of 21.6667 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of convertible senior notes, which is equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $46.15 per share.

F-51


 

At any time on or after January 15, 2011 but prior to January 15, 2013, we may redeem some or all of the 4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2014 at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2014 plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, if the price of our common stock exceeds 135% of the conversion price of the convertible senior notes then in effect for 20 trading days out of a period of 30 consecutive trading days. At any time on or after January 15, 2013, we may redeem some or all of the 4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2014 at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2014 plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any. Holders have the right to require us to repurchase the 4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2014 upon a specified change in control, at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of 4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2014 plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any.
7.25% Convertible Junior Subordinated Notes due 2029
From December 2006 through May 2007, we called for redemption portions of our 7.25% Convertible Junior Subordinated Notes due 2029 (“Jr. TIDES Notes”). The Jr. TIDES Notes were owned by the Hanover Compressor Capital Trust (the “Trust”), a subsidiary of ours. The Trust was required to call a like amount of the 7.25% Convertible Preferred Securities (“TIDES Preferred Securities”) held by the public. Holders of the TIDES Preferred Securities converted their securities into 1.6 million shares of our common stock prior to their respective redemption dates; the remaining TIDES Preferred Securities were redeemed and discharged on their respective redemption dates. All $86.3 million of Jr. TIDES Notes and TIDES Preferred Securities have been redeemed and discharged.
Senior Notes
We commenced tender offers and consent solicitations in July 2007 for (i) $200 million in aggregate principal amount of our 8.625% Senior Notes due 2010 (the “8.625% Notes”), (ii) $200 million in aggregate principal amount of our 9.0% Senior Notes due 2014 (the “9.0% Notes”) and (iii) $150 million in aggregate principal amount of our 7.5% Senior Notes due 2013 (the “7.5% Notes”). On August 20, 2007, following completion of the merger, we satisfied and discharged all of our outstanding 9.0% Notes and 7.5% Notes and all of the 8.625% Notes that were tendered. During the fourth quarter of 2007, we called and redeemed the remaining $0.1 million of 8.625% Notes that were not tendered during the third quarter of 2007.
Hanover’s Credit Facility
In connection with the closing of the refinancing on August 20, 2007, we repaid in full all outstanding term loans and revolving loans, together with interest and all other amounts due in connection with such repayment, under the credit agreement, dated as of November 21, 2005.
Equipment Lease Obligations
On August 17, 2007, Hanover Equipment Trust 2001A, a special purpose Delaware business trust (“HET 2001A”), called for redemption all $133 million of its outstanding 8.5% Senior Secured Notes due 2008 (the “2001A Notes”), and Hanover Equipment Trust 2001B, a special purpose Delaware business trust (“HET 2001B”), called for redemption all $250 million of its outstanding 8.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2011 (the “2001B Notes” and, together with the 2001A Notes, the “Equipment Trust Notes”). The Equipment Trust Notes and the related trust equity certificates were redeemed on September 17, 2007.
The 2001A Notes were issued and the redemption was effected pursuant to the provisions of the Indenture dated as of August 30, 2001. The 2001A Notes were redeemed at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date.
The 2001B Notes were issued and the redemption was effected pursuant to the provisions of the Indenture dated as of August 30, 2001. The 2001B Notes were redeemed at a redemption price of 102.917% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date.
Debt Compliance
We were in compliance with our debt covenants as of December 31, 2008. A default under one or more of our debt agreements would in some situations trigger cross-default provisions under certain agreements relating to our debt obligations.

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Debt Extinguishment Charges
The refinancing discussed above and completed in the third quarter of 2007 in connection with the completion of the merger resulted in various debt extinguishment charges. A summary of these charges is shown below (in thousands):
         
Tender fees for the 9.0% Notes, 7.5% Notes and 8.625% Notes
  $ 46,268  
Call premium on 2001B Notes
    7,497  
Unamortized deferred financings costs — Hanover revolving credit facility, senior notes and Equipment Trust Notes
    16,385  
 
     
Charges included in debt extinguishment costs
    70,150  
Termination of interest rate swaps (included in interest expense)
    6,964  
 
     
Total debt extinguishment costs and related charges
  $ 77,114  
 
     
Long-term Debt Maturity Schedule
Contractual maturities of long-term debt (excluding interest to be accrued thereon) at December 31, 2008 are as follows (in thousands):
         
    December 31,  
    2008  
2009
  $ 20,101 (1)
2010
    40,152  
2011
    458,800  
2012
    1,529,626  
2013
    320,000  
Thereafter
    143,750  
 
     
Total debt
  $ 2,512,429  
 
     
 
(1)   $20 million of the maturities due in 2009 are classified as long-term because we have the intent and ability to refinance these maturities with available credit.
12. Accounting for Derivatives
We use derivative financial instruments to minimize the risks and/or costs associated with financial activities by managing our exposure to interest rate fluctuations on a portion of our debt obligations. We also use derivative financial instruments to minimize the risks caused by currency fluctuations in certain foreign currencies. We do not use derivative financial instruments for trading or other speculative purposes. Cash flows from derivatives designated as hedges are classified in our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows under the same category as the cash flows from the underlying assets, liabilities or anticipated transactions.
In March 2004, we entered into two interest rate swaps, which we designated as fair value hedges, to hedge the risk of changes in fair value of our 8.625% Senior Notes due 2010 resulting from changes in interest rates. These interest rate swaps, under which we received fixed payments and made floating payments, resulted in the conversion of the hedged obligation into floating rate debt. As a result of the repayment of the 8.625% Senior Notes in August 2007, we terminated these interest rate swaps, which resulted in a charge to interest expense of $7.0 million.

F-53


 

The following table summarizes, by individual hedge instrument, our interest rate swaps as of December 31, 2008 (dollars in thousands):
                             
                        Fair Value of  
                        Swap at  
Fixed Rate to be           Floating Rate to be   Notional     December 31, 2008  
Paid   Inception Date   Maturity Date   Received   Amount     asset (liability)  
4.035%
  August 20, 2007(4)   March 31, 2010   Three Month LIBOR   $ 31,250 (1)     (526 )
4.007%
  August 20, 2007(4)   March 31, 2010   Three Month LIBOR     31,250 (1)     (520 )
3.990%
  August 20, 2007(4)   March 31, 2010   Three Month LIBOR     31,250 (1)     (516 )
4.057%
  August 20, 2007(4)   March 31, 2010   Three Month LIBOR     31,250 (1)     (527 )
4.675%
  September 11, 2007   August 20, 2012   One Month LIBOR     154,704 (2)     (14,250 )
4.744%
  September 11, 2007   July 20, 2012   One Month LIBOR     233,478 (2)     (22,197 )
4.668%
  September 12, 2007   July 20, 2012   One Month LIBOR     150,000 (2)     (13,088 )
5.210%
  August 20, 2007(4)   January 20, 2013   One Month LIBOR     52,397 (2)     (4,143 )
4.450%
  August 20, 2007(4)   September 20, 2019   One Month LIBOR     39,091 (2)     (3,547 )
5.020%
  August 20, 2007(4)   October 20, 2019   One Month LIBOR     50,330 (2)     (7,573 )
5.275%
  August 20, 2007(4)   December 1, 2011   Three Month LIBOR     125,000 (3)     (10,925 )
5.343%
  August 20, 2007(4)   October 20, 2011   Three Month LIBOR     40,000 (3)     (3,401 )
5.315%
  August 20, 2007(4)   October 20, 2011   Three Month LIBOR     40,000 (3)     (3,361 )
3.080%
  January 28, 2008   January 28, 2011   Three Month LIBOR     50,000       (1,493 )
3.075%
  January 28, 2008   January 28, 2011   Three Month LIBOR     50,000       (1,486 )
3.062%
  January 28, 2008   January 28, 2011   Three Month LIBOR     50,000       (1,474 )
3.100%
  January 28, 2008   January 28, 2011   Three Month LIBOR     50,000       (1,512 )
3.065%
  January 28, 2008   January 28, 2011   Three Month LIBOR     50,000       (1,477 )
3.072%
  January 28, 2008   January 28, 2011   Three Month LIBOR     50,000       (1,490 )
3.280%
  October 22, 2008   August 20, 2012   One Month LIBOR     40,000 (2)     (1,845 )
3.485%
  October 29, 2008   August 20, 2012   One Month LIBOR     45,000 (2)     (2,357 )
2.340%
  October 4, 2008   December 30, 2011   One Month LIBOR     100,000       (1,827 )
 
                       
 
              $ 1,495,000     $ (99,535 )
 
                       
 
(1)   These swaps amortize ratably over the life of the swap.
 
(2)   Certain of these swaps amortize while the notional amounts of others increase in corresponding amounts to maintain a consistent outstanding notional amount of $765 million.
 
(3)   These swaps are expected to offset changes in expected cash flows due to fluctuations in the variable rate of the Partnership’s debt.
 
(4)   We assumed these interest rate swaps on August 20, 2007 as a result of the merger. These swaps have been designated as cash flow hedges to hedge the risk of variability of LIBOR based interest rate payments related to variable rate debt.
Interest rate swap balances as of December 31, 2008 are presented in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as follows (in thousands):
         
    December 31,  
    2008  
Accrued liabilities
  $ 30,424  
Other long-term liabilities
    69,111  
 
     
Net interest rate swap balance
  $ 99,535  
 
     
We have designated these interest rate swaps as cash flow hedging instruments pursuant to the criteria of SFAS No. 133 so that any change in their fair values is recognized as a component of comprehensive income (loss) and is included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to the extent the hedge is effective. The swap terms substantially coincide with the hedged item and are expected to offset changes in expected cash flows due to fluctuations in the variable rate, and therefore we currently do not expect a significant amount of ineffectiveness on these hedges. We perform quarterly calculations to determine if the swap agreements are still effective and to calculate any ineffectiveness. For 2008 and 2007, we recorded approximately $2.1 million and $1.0 million, respectively, of interest expense due to the ineffectiveness related to these swaps.

F-54


 

In April 2008, we entered into a foreign currency hedge to reduce our foreign exchange risk associated with cash flows we will receive under a contract in Kuwaiti Dinars. This hedge did not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. At December 31, 2008, the remaining notional amount of the derivative was approximately 14.1 million Kuwaiti Dinars. Gains and losses on this foreign currency hedge are included in other (income) expense, net in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. The fair value of this derivative at December 31, 2008 was a liability of approximately $2.0 million.
In December 2008, we entered into a foreign currency hedge to reduce our foreign exchange risk associated with cash flows we will receive under two contracts in Euros. This hedge qualified for hedge accounting treatment. At December 31, 2008, the remaining notional amount of the derivative was approximately 9.9 million Euros. Changes in the fair value of this hedge are recognized as a component of comprehensive income (loss) and are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to the extent the hedge is effective. The amounts recognized as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) will be reclassified into earnings (loss) in the periods in which the underlying foreign exchange exposure is realized. The fair value of this derivative at December 31, 2008 was a liability of approximately $1.3 million.
The counterparties to our derivative agreements are major international financial institutions. We monitor the credit quality of these financial institutions and do not expect non-performance by any counterparty, although such non-performance could have a material adverse effect on us.
13. Fair Value of Derivatives
SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS No. 157”), establishes a single authoritative definition of fair value, sets out a framework for measuring fair value and requires additional disclosures about fair value measurements. We have performed an analysis of our interest rate swaps and the foreign currency hedge to determine the significance and character of all inputs to their fair value determination. Based on this assessment, the adoption of the required portions of this standard did not have a material effect on our net asset values. However, the adoption of the standard does require us to provide additional disclosures about the inputs we use to develop the measurements and the effect of certain measurements on changes in net assets for the reportable periods as contained in our periodic filings.
SFAS No. 157 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into the following three broad categories.
    Level 1 — Quoted unadjusted prices for identical instruments in active markets to which we have access at the date of measurement.
 
    Level 2 — Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets. Level 2 inputs are those in markets for which there are few transactions, the prices are not current, little public information exists or prices vary substantially over time or among brokered market makers.
 
    Level 3 — Model derived valuations in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable. Unobservable inputs are those inputs that reflect our own assumptions regarding how market participants would price the asset or liability based on the best available information.
The following table summarizes the valuation of our derivatives under SFAS No. 157 pricing levels as of December 31, 2008 (in thousands):
                                 
            Quoted        
            Market        
            Prices in   Significant   Significant
            Active   Other   Unobservable
            Markets   Observable   Inputs
    Total   (Level 1)   Inputs (Level 2)   (Level 3)
Interest rate swaps asset (liability)
  $ (99,535 )   $  —     $ (99,935 )   $  —  
Foreign currency derivatives asset (liability)
    (3,312 )           (3,312 )      —  
Our interest rate swaps and our foreign currency derivatives are recorded at fair value utilizing a combination of the market and income approach to fair value. We used discounted cash flows and market based methods to compare similar derivative instruments.

F-55


 

14. Income Taxes
The components of income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes were as follows (in thousands):
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2008     2007     2006  
United States
  $ (1,006,037 )   $ (45,443 )   $ 60,230  
Foreign
    107,760       98,213       54,274  
 
                 
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes
  $ (898,277 )   $ 52,770     $ 114,504  
 
                 
The provision for income taxes consisted of the following (in thousands):
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2008     2007     2006  
Current tax provision:
                       
U.S. federal
  $ 2,686     $ 147     $ 468  
State
    5,170       3,603       1  
Foreign
    62,141       40,621       26,657  
 
                 
Total current
    69,997       44,371       27,126  
 
                 
Deferred tax provision (benefit):
                       
U.S. federal
    (19,450 )     (20,076 )     (9,135 )
State
    55       798       (1,158 )
Foreign
    (13,405 )     (13,199 )     11,949  
 
                 
Total deferred
    (32,800 )     (32,477 )     1,656  
 
                 
Provision for income taxes
  $ 37,197     $ 11,894     $ 28,782  
 
                 
The provision for income taxes for 2008, 2007 and 2006 resulted in effective tax rates on continuing operations of (4.1)%, 22.5% and 25.1%, respectively. The reasons for the differences between these effective tax rates and the U.S. statutory rate of 35% are as follows (in thousands):
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2008     2007     2006  
Income taxes at U.S. federal statutory rate of 35%
  $ (314,397 )   $ 18,469     $ 40,076  
Net state income taxes
    3,645       2,932       1,518  
Foreign taxes
    15,061       6,966       17,151  
Noncontrolling interest
    (5,588 )     (2,182 )      
Foreign tax credits
    (13,808 )     (8,555 )      
FIN 48/SFAS No. 5
    (404 )     2,046       10  
Valuation allowances
    1,157       (9,583 )     (35,493 )
Executive compensation
    655       1,914       438  
Goodwill impairment
    351,849              
Other
    (973 )     (113 )     5,082  
 
                 
Provision for income taxes
  $ 37,197     $ 11,894     $ 28,782  
 
                 

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Deferred income tax balances are the direct effect of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities at the enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when the taxes are actually paid or recovered. The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are (in thousands):
                 
    December 31,  
    2008     2007  
Deferred tax assets:
               
Net operating loss carryforwards
  $ 347,670     $ 394,615  
Inventory
    3,133       8,228  
Alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards
    9,509       6,823  
Accrued liabilities
    36,585       39,514  
Foreign tax credit carryforwards
    78,780       73,374  
Capital loss carryforwards
          3,126  
Other
    67,189       31,800  
 
           
Subtotal
    542,866       557,480  
Valuation allowances
    (15,207 )     (30,863 )
 
           
Total deferred tax assets
    527,659       526,617  
 
           
Deferred tax liabilities:
               
Property, plant and equipment
    (520,714 )     (586,493 )
Basis difference in the Partnership
    (94,670 )     (47,461 )
Goodwill and intangibles
    (19,963 )     (82,421 )
Other
    (48,248 )     (35,032 )
 
           
Total deferred tax liabilities
    (683,595 )     (751,407 )
 
           
Net deferred tax liabilities
  $ (155,936 )   $ (224,790 )
 
           
Tax balances are presented in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as follows (in thousands):
                 
    December 31,  
    2008     2007  
Current deferred income tax assets
  $ 38,782     $ 41,648  
Intangibles and other assets
    35,768       22,536  
Accrued liabilities
    (4,688 )     (7,076 )
Deferred income tax liabilities
    (225,798 )     (281,898 )
 
           
Net deferred tax liabilities
  $ (155,936 )   $ (224,790 )
 
           
At December 31, 2008, we had U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $860.0 million that are available to offset future taxable income. If not used, the carryforwards will begin to expire in 2021. We also had approximately $122.0 million of net operating loss carryforwards in certain foreign jurisdictions, approximately $11.6 million of which has no expiration date, $70.8 million of which is subject to expiration from 2009 to 2013, and the remainder of which expires in future years through 2023. Foreign tax credit carryforwards of $78.8 million and alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards of $9.5 million are available to offset future payments of U.S. federal income tax. The foreign tax credits will expire in varying amounts beginning in 2013, whereas the alternative minimum tax credits may be carried forward indefinitely under current U.S. tax law.
Pursuant to Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, utilization of loss carryforwards and credit carryforwards, such as foreign tax credits, will be subject to annual limitations due to the ownership changes of both Hanover and Universal. In general, an ownership change, as defined by Section 382, results from transactions increasing the ownership of certain stockholders or public groups in the stock of a corporation by more than 50 percentage points over a three-year period. The merger resulted in such an ownership change for both Hanover and Universal. Our ability to utilize loss carryforwards and credit carryforwards against future U.S. federal taxable income and future U.S. federal income tax may be limited. The limitations may cause us to pay U.S. federal income taxes earlier; however, we do not currently expect that any loss carryforwards or credit carryforwards will expire as a result of these limitations.
Foreign tax credits that are not utilized in the year they are generated can be carried forward for 10 years offsetting payments of U.S. federal income taxes on a dollar-for-dollar basis. We believe that we will generate sufficient taxable income in the future from our operating activities as well as from the transfer of U.S. contract operations customer contracts and assets to the Partnership that will cause us to use our net operating loss carryforwards. After the utilization of our net operating loss carryforwards, we expect that we will be able to utilize our foreign tax credits within the 10-year carryforward period.

F-57


 

We record valuation allowances when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of our deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets depends on the ability to generate sufficient taxable income of the appropriate character and in the appropriate taxing jurisdictions in the future. If we do not meet our expectations with respect to taxable income, we may not realize the full benefit from our deferred tax assets which would require us to record a valuation allowance in our tax provision in future years.
We have not provided U.S. federal income taxes on indefinitely (or permanently) reinvested cumulative earnings of approximately $630.6 million generated by our foreign subsidiaries. Such earnings are from ongoing operations which will be used to fund international growth. In the event of a distribution of those earnings in the form of dividends, we may be subject to both foreign withholding taxes and U.S. federal income taxes net of allowable foreign tax credits.
We adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” on January 1, 2007, which resulted in a reduction to stockholders’ equity of $3.7 million. Together with a $12.7 million tax reserve balance at December 31, 2006, on the date of adoption, we had $16.4 million of unrecognized tax benefits. Included in the components of unrecognized tax benefits was $3.8 million of accrued interest and penalties.
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is shown below (in thousands):
                 
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2008     2007  
Beginning balance
  $ 14,624     $ 12,652  
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year
    501       1,443  
Additions based on tax positions related to prior years
    31       2,700  
Additions due to acquisition
          920  
Reductions based on tax positions related to prior years
    (1,171 )      
Reductions due to settlements and lapses of applicable statutes of limitations
    (115 )     (3,091 )
 
           
Ending balance
  $ 13,870     $ 14,624  
 
           
At December 31, 2008, we had $13.9 million of unrecognized tax benefits, all of which, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate. At December 31, 2007, we had $14.6 million of unrecognized tax benefits, $13.4 million of which, if recognized would affect the effective tax rate. We also have recorded $3.4 million and $5.4 million of potential interest expense and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits associated with uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. To the extent interest and penalties are not assessed with respect to uncertain tax positions, amounts accrued will be reduced and reflected as reductions in income tax expense.
We and our subsidiaries file consolidated and separate income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in numerous state and foreign jurisdictions. We are subject to U.S. federal income tax examinations for tax years beginning from 1997 onward and the Internal Revenue Service has yet to commence an examination of our U.S. federal income tax returns for such tax years.
State income tax returns are generally subject to examination for a period of three to five years after filing of the returns. However, the state impact of any U.S. federal audit adjustments and amendments remain subject to examination by various states for a period of up to one year after formal notification to the states. As of December 31, 2008, we did not have any state audits underway that would have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.
We are subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the world, including major foreign jurisdictions such as Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Italy, Mexico and Venezuela. With few exceptions, we and our subsidiaries are no longer subject to foreign income tax examinations for tax years before 2001. Several foreign audits are currently in progress and we do not expect any tax adjustments that would have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.
We do not anticipate that total unrecognized tax benefits will significantly change due to the settlement of audits and the expiration of statutes of limitations prior to December 31, 2009. However, due to the uncertain and complex application of tax regulations, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of these matters may result in liabilities which could materially differ from these estimates.

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15. Exterran Stockholders’ Equity
On August 20, 2007, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to $200 million of our common stock through August 19, 2009. In December 2008, our board of directors increased the share repurchase program, from $200 million to $300 million, and extended the expiration date of the authorization, from August 19, 2009 to December 15, 2010. Under the stock repurchase program, we may repurchase shares in open market purchases or in privately negotiated transactions in accordance with applicable insider trading and other securities laws and regulations. We may also implement all or part of the repurchases under a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan, so as to provide the flexibility to extend our share repurchases beyond the quarterly purchasing window. The timing and extent to which we repurchase our shares will depend upon market conditions and other corporate considerations, and will be at management’s discretion. Repurchases under the program may commence or be suspended at any time without prior notice. The stock repurchase program may be funded through cash provided by operating activities or borrowings. During 2008, we repurchased 4,157,821 shares of our common stock at an aggregate cost of $99.9 million. Since the program was initiated, we have repurchased 5,416,221 shares of our common stock at an aggregate cost of $199.9 million. At December 31, 2008, we were authorized to purchase up to an additional $100.1 million worth of our common stock under the stock repurchase program.
The Exterran Holdings, Inc. 2007 Amended and Restated Stock Incentive Plan (the “2007 Plan”) allows us to withhold shares to us upon vesting of restricted stock at the current market price to cover the minimum level of taxes required to be withheld on the vesting date. We purchased 15,441 of our shares from participants for approximately $1.0 million during 2008 to cover tax withholding. The 2007 Plan is administered by the compensation committee of our board of directors.
16. Stock-Based Compensation and Awards
The following table presents the stock-based compensation expense included in our results of operations (in thousands):
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2008     2007     2006  
Stock options and unit options
  $ 4,481     $ 1,757     $ 1,721  
Restricted stock, restricted stock units and phantom units
    13,023       21,152       8,052  
Unit appreciation rights
    (1,078 )     248        
Employee stock purchase plan
    899       154        
 
                 
Total stock-based compensation expense
  $ 17,325     $ 23,311     $ 9,773  
 
                 
Upon the closing of the merger, each share of restricted stock issued by Hanover and each Hanover stock option was converted into Exterran restricted stock and stock options, respectively, based on the applicable exchange ratio, and each Hanover stock option and each share of restricted stock or restricted stock unit of Hanover granted prior to the date of the merger agreement and outstanding as of the effective time of the merger vested in full. As a result of the merger, we included $11.7 million within our stock-based compensation expense for 2007 related to the accelerated vesting of Hanover’s restricted stock and stock options.
Stock Incentive Plan
On August 20, 2007, we adopted the 2007 Plan, which was previously approved by each of the stockholders of Hanover and Universal and provides for the granting of stock-based awards in the form of options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights and performance awards to our employees and directors. Under the 2007 Plan, the aggregate number of shares of common stock that may be issued may not exceed 4,750,000. Grants of options and stock appreciation rights count as one share against the aggregate share limit, and grants of restricted stock and restricted stock units count as two shares against the aggregate share limit. Awards granted under the 2007 Plan that are subsequently cancelled, terminated or forfeited remain available for future grant.
Stock Options
Under the 2007 Plan, stock options are granted at fair market value at the date of grant, are exercisable in accordance with the vesting schedule established by the compensation committee of our board of directors in its sole discretion and expire no later than seven years after the date of grant. Options generally vest 33 1/3% on each of the first three anniversaries of the grant date.

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The weighted average fair values at date of grant for options granted during 2008 and 2007 were $16.54 and $23.92, respectively, and were estimated using the Black-Scholes option valuation model with the following weighted average assumptions:
                         
    Years Ended December 31,
    2008   2007   2006
Expected life in years
    4.5       4.5        
Risk-free interest rate
    2.41 %     4.27 %      
Volatility
    29.08 %     27.18 %      
Dividend yield
    0.0 %     0.0 %      
The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant for a period commensurate with the estimated expected life of the stock options. Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of our stock over the most recent period commensurate with the expected life of the stock options and other factors. We have not historically paid a dividend and do not expect to pay a dividend during the expected life of the stock options.
At the time of the merger, each outstanding stock option granted prior to the date of the merger agreement under the Hanover equity incentive plans, whether vested or unvested, was fully vested. Stock options granted under the Hanover equity incentive plans outstanding on the merger date were converted into an option to acquire a number of shares of Exterran common stock equal to the number of shares of Hanover common stock subject to that stock option immediately before the merger multiplied by 0.325, and at a price per share of Exterran common stock equal to the price per share under that Hanover option divided by 0.325. Similarly, each outstanding stock option granted prior to the date of the merger agreement under the Universal equity incentive plans (other than options to purchase Universal common stock under the Universal employee stock purchase plan), whether vested or unvested, was fully vested at the time of the merger. Stock options granted under the Universal equity incentive plans outstanding on the merger date were converted into an option to acquire the same number of shares of Exterran common stock at the same price per share.
The following table presents stock option activity for 2008 (in thousands, except per share data and remaining life in years):
                                 
                    Weighted        
            Weighted     Average     Aggregate  
    Stock     Average     Remaining     Intrinsic  
    Options     Exercise Price     Life     Value  
Options outstanding, December 31, 2007
    1,798     $ 36.37                  
Granted
    528       58.57                  
Exercised
    (168 )     30.82                  
Cancelled
    (131 )     54.62                  
 
                             
Options outstanding, December 31, 2008
    2,027     $ 41.50       5.2     $ 756  
 
                       
Options exercisable, December 31, 2008
    1,459     $ 33.98       4.7     $ 756  
 
                       
Intrinsic value is the difference between the market value of our stock and exercise price of each option multiplied by the number of options outstanding for those options where the market value exceeds their exercise price. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $6.6 million, $36.1 million and $4.2 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2008, $7.6 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options is expected to be recognized over the weighted-average period of 2.2 years.
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units
For grants of restricted stock and restricted stock units, we recognize compensation expense over the vesting period equal to the fair value of our common stock at the date of grant. Common stock subject to restricted stock grants generally vests 33 1/3% on each of the first three anniversaries of the grant date.

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The following table presents restricted stock and restricted stock units activity for 2008 (shares in thousands).
                 
            Weighted  
            Average  
            Grant-Date  
            Fair Value  
    Shares     Per Share  
Non-vested restricted stock, December 31, 2007
    299     $ 71.52  
Granted
    420       63.92  
Vested
    (99 )     70.27  
Cancelled
    (85 )     67.67  
 
             
Non-vested restricted stock, December 31, 2008
    535     $ 66.46  
 
           
As of December 31, 2008, $22.9 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock is expected to be recognized over the weighted-average period of 2.0 years.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
On August 20, 2007, we adopted the Exterran Holdings, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), which is intended to provide employees with an opportunity to participate in our long-term performance and success through the purchase of shares of common stock at a price that may be less than fair market value. The ESPP is designed to comply with Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Each quarter, an eligible employee may elect to withhold a portion of his or her salary up to the lesser of $25,000 per year or 10% of his or her eligible pay to purchase shares of our common stock at a price equal to 85% to 100% of the fair market value of the stock as of the first trading day of the quarter or the last trading day of the quarter, whichever is lower. The ESPP will terminate on the date that all shares of common stock authorized for sale under the ESPP have been purchased, unless it is extended. A total of 650,000 shares of our common stock have been authorized and reserved for issuance under the ESPP. At December 31, 2008, 574,010 shares remained available for purchase under the ESPP. Under SFAS No. 123(R), our ESPP plan is compensatory, and as a result, we record an expense on our consolidated statements of operations related to our ESPP.
Directors’ Stock and Deferral Plan
On August 20, 2007, we adopted the Exterran Holdings, Inc. Directors’ Stock and Deferral Plan. The purpose of the Directors’ Stock and Deferral Plan is to provide non-employee directors of the board of directors with an opportunity to elect to receive our common stock as payment for a portion or all of their retainer and meeting fees. The number of shares to be paid each quarter will be determined by dividing the dollar amount of fees elected to be paid in common stock by the closing sales price per share of the common stock on the last day of the quarter. In addition, directors who elect to receive a portion or all of their fees in the form of common stock may also elect to defer, until a later date, the receipt of a portion or all of their fees to be received in common stock. We have reserved 100,000 shares under the Directors’ Stock and Deferral Plan, and as of December 31, 2008, 95,358 shares remain available to be issued under the plan.
Unit Appreciation Rights
As a result of the merger, we assumed approximately 0.3 million outstanding unit appreciation rights (“UARs”). These UARs entitle the holder to receive a payment from us in cash equal to the excess of the fair market value of a common unit of the Partnership on the date of exercise over the exercise price. These UARs vest on January 1, 2009 and expire on December 31, 2009.
Because the holders of the UARs will receive a cash payment from us, these awards have been recorded as a liability, and we are required to remeasure the fair value of these awards at each reporting date under the guidance of SFAS No. 123(R).
Partnership Long-Term Incentive Plan
The Partnership has a long-term incentive plan that was adopted by Exterran GP LLC, the general partner of its general partner, in October 2006 for employees, directors and consultants of the Partnership, us or the Partnership’s respective affiliates. The long-term incentive plan currently permits the grant of awards covering an aggregate of 1,035,378 common units, common unit options, restricted units and phantom units. The long-term incentive plan is administered by the board of directors of Exterran GP LLC or a committee thereof (the “Plan Administrator”).

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Unit options will have an exercise price that is not less than the fair market value of the units on the date of grant and will become exercisable over a period determined by the Plan Administrator. Phantom units are notional units that entitle the grantee to receive a common unit upon the vesting of the phantom unit or, at the discretion of the Plan Administrator, cash equal to the fair value of a common unit.
In October 2008, the Partnership’s long-term incentive plan was amended to allow the Partnership the option to settle any exercised unit options in a cash payment equal to the fair market value of the number of common units that it would otherwise issue upon exercise of such unit option less the exercise price and any amounts required to meet withholding requirements. This modification resulted in the portion of the award we expect to settle in cash changing to a liability based award. This did not impact our total compensation expense recognized during 2008 due to the modification date fair value and the December 31, 2008 fair value each being lower than the grant date fair value of the affected unit options.
Partnership Unit Options
As of December 31, 2008, the Partnership had 591,429 outstanding unit options. The unit options vest on January 1, 2009 and expire on December 31, 2009.
The following table presents unit option activity for 2008 (remaining life in years, intrinsic value in thousands):
                                 
                    Weighted        
            Weighted     Average     Aggregate  
    Unit     Average     Remaining     Intrinsic  
    Options     Exercise Price     Life     Value  
Unit options outstanding, December 31, 2007
    593,572     $ 23.76                  
Granted
                           
Cancelled
    (2,143 )     21.00                  
 
                             
Unit options outstanding, December 31, 2008
    591,429     $ 23.77           $  
 
                       
Intrinsic value is the difference between the market value of the Partnership’s units and the exercise price of each unit option multiplied by the number of unit options outstanding for those unit options where the market value exceeds their exercise price. As of December 31, 2008, there is no unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested unit options.
Partnership Phantom Units
During 2008, the Partnership granted 44,310 phantom units to officers and directors of Exterran GP LLC and certain of our employees, which settle 33 1/3% on each of the first three anniversaries of the grant date. No phantom units vested during 2008.
                 
            Weighted  
            Average  
            Grant-Date  
    Phantom     Fair Value  
    Units     per Unit  
Phantom units outstanding, December 31, 2007
    9,432     $ 25.87  
Granted
    44,310       32.22  
Forfeited
    (5,590 )     32.22  
 
             
Phantom units outstanding, December 31, 2008
    48,152     $ 30.98  
 
           
As of December 31, 2008, $0.9 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested phantom units is expected to be recognized over the weighted-average period of 1.8 years
17. Retirement Benefit Plan
Our 401(k) retirement plan provides for optional employee contributions up to the Internal Revenue Service limitation and discretionary employer matching contributions. We recorded matching contributions of $7.4 million, $4.7 million and $3.4 million during 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

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18. Related Party Transaction
On August 20, 2007, Mr. Ernie L. Danner, a non-employee director at the time, entered into a consulting agreement with us pursuant to which we engaged Mr. Danner, on a month-to-month basis, to provide consulting services. In consideration of the services rendered, we paid Mr. Danner a consulting fee of approximately $29,500 per month and reimbursed Mr. Danner for expenses incurred on our behalf. The consulting agreement terminated in February 2008. In October 2008, Mr. Danner was hired as our Chief Operating Officer.
19. Commitments and Contingencies
Rent expense for 2008, 2007 and 2006 was approximately $22.7 million, $13.7 million and $7.7 million, respectively. Commitments for future minimum rental payments with terms in excess of one year at December 31, 2008 are as follows (in thousands):
         
    December  
    31, 2008  
2009
  $ 8,887  
2010
    6,321  
2011
    4,944  
2012
    4,541  
2013
    3,788  
Thereafter
    18,421  
 
     
Total
  $ 46,902  
 
     
We have issued the following guarantees that are not recorded on our accompanying balance sheet (dollars in thousands):
                 
            Maximum Potential  
            Undiscounted  
            Payments as of  
    Term     December 31, 2008  
Indebtedness of non-consolidated affiliates:
               
El Furrial(1)
    2013     $ 21,066  
Other:
               
Performance guarantees through letters of credit(2)
    2009 — 2013       303,007  
Standby letters of credit
    2009 — 2011       28,697  
Commercial letters of credit
    2009       32,404  
Bid bonds and performance bonds(2)
    2009 — 2012       135,546  
 
             
Maximum potential undiscounted payments
          $ 520,720  
 
             
 
(1)   We have guaranteed the amount shown, which is a percentage of the total debt of this non-consolidated affiliate equal to our ownership percentage in such affiliate.
 
(2)   We have issued guarantees to third parties to ensure performance of our obligations, some of which may be fulfilled by third parties.
As part of our acquisition of Production Operators Corporation in 2001, we may be required to make contingent payments of up to $46 million to Schlumberger dependent on the realization by us of certain U.S. federal tax benefits through the year 2016. To date, we have not realized any such benefits that would require a payment to Schlumberger and do not anticipate realizing any such benefits that would require a payment before the year 2013.
In January 2007, Universal acquired B.T.I. Holdings Pte Ltd (“B.T.I.”) and its wholly-owned subsidiary B.T. Engineering Pte Ltd, a Singapore based fabricator of oil and natural gas, petrochemical, marine and offshore equipment, including pressure vessels, floating, production, storage and offloading process modules, terminal buoys, turrets, natural gas compression units and related equipment. We have paid $1.9 million based on the earnings of B.T.I. for the year ended March 31, 2008 and we may be required to pay up to $18.1 million based on earnings of B.T.I. over the year ended March 31, 2009.
See Note 2 for a discussion of the contingent purchase price related to our acquisition of GLR.
Due to unresolved disputes with its customer, the Venezuelan national oil company, SIMCO management sent a notice to that customer in the fourth quarter of 2008 stating that SIMCO may not be able to continue to fund its operations if some of its outstanding

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disputes are not resolved and paid in the near future. On February 25, 2009, we received notice that the Venezuelan National Guard has occupied SIMCO’s facilities and has begun a transition of the management of SIMCO’s operations to the Venezuelan national oil company. The ultimate outcome of these actions is unknown at this time.
At December 31, 2008, we evaluated our investment in this joint venture and do not believe our investment was impaired; however, we cannot provide assurances that we will not have an impairment of this investment in the future. At December 31, 2008, our investment in the SIMCO/Harwat Consortium was $6.7 million.
The natural gas service operations business can be hazardous, involving unforeseen circumstances such as uncontrollable flows of natural gas or well fluids and fires or explosions. As is customary in the natural gas service operations industry, we review our safety equipment and procedures and carry insurance against some, but not all, risks of our business. Our insurance coverage includes property damage, general liability and commercial automobile liability and other coverage we feel is appropriate. In addition, we have a minimal amount of insurance on our offshore assets. We believe that our insurance coverage is customary for the industry and adequate for our business, however, losses and liabilities not covered by insurance would increase our costs.
Additionally, we are substantially self-insured for worker’s compensation and employee group health claims in view of the relatively high per-incident deductibles we absorb under our insurance arrangements for these risks. Losses up to the deductible amounts are estimated and accrued based upon known facts, historical trends and industry averages.
In the ordinary course of business we are involved in various pending or threatened legal actions. While management is unable to predict the ultimate outcome of these actions, it believes that any ultimate liability arising from these actions will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows; however, because of the inherent uncertainty of litigation, we cannot provide assurance that the resolution of any particular claim or proceeding to which we are a party will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows for the period in which the resolution occurs.
20. Fleet Impairments
We are involved in a project in the Cawthorne Channel in Nigeria (the “Cawthorne Channel Project”), in which Global Gas and Refining Ltd., a Nigerian entity (“Global”), has contracted with an affiliate of Royal Dutch Shell plc (“Shell”) to process natural gas from some of Shell’s Nigerian oil and natural gas fields. Pursuant to a contract between us and Global, we provide natural gas compression and natural gas processing services from a barge-mounted facility we own that is stationed in a Nigerian coastal waterway. We completed the building of the required barge-mounted facility and Global declared our portion of the project suitable for commercial operations in November 2005. Our contract with Global has a term of 10 years that commenced when the project was declared commercial. The facility is subject to Global’s purchase option that is exercisable for the remainder of the term of the contract. Under the terms of a series of contracts between us, Global, Shell and several other counterparties, Global is primarily responsible for the overall project.
The area in Nigeria where the Cawthorne Channel Project is located has experienced local civil unrest and violence, and natural gas delivery from Shell to the Cawthorne Channel Project was stopped from June 2006 to June 2007. As a result, the Cawthorne Channel Project did not operate during this period. From July 2007 through March 2008, we received and processed some natural gas from Shell. In early April 2008, shipments of natural gas from Shell to us were halted and we did not receive gas for the majority of the second quarter of 2008. We began receiving some natural gas again from Shell in July 2008. However, in late July 2008, a vessel owned by a third party that provides storage and splitting services for the liquids processed by our facility was the target of a local security incident. As a result, processing operations on the Cawthorne Channel Project ceased for the remainder of 2008.
During 2008, we received approximately $8.3 million in payments related to the Cawthorne Channel Project, which we applied against outstanding receivables. Although we believe we are entitled to payments from Global and have accordingly invoiced Global, the collectibility of future amounts is not reasonably assured. Therefore, we billed but did not recognize revenue related to the Cawthorne Channel Project during 2008.
As a result of ongoing operational difficulties and taking into consideration the project’s historical performance and recent declines in commodity prices, we undertook an assessment of our estimated future cash flows from the Cawthorne Channel Project. Based on the analysis we completed, we believe that we will not recover all of our remaining investment in the Cawthorne Channel Project. Accordingly, we recorded an impairment charge of $21.6 million in our fourth quarter 2008 results to reduce the carrying amount of our assets associated with the Cawthorne Channel Project to their estimated fair value which is reflected in fleet impairment expense

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in our consolidated statements of operations. If future events or circumstances further reduce our expectations of future cash flows from these assets, we may have to record additional impairments on our remaining net assets associated with the Cawthorne Channel Project. At December 31, 2008 our net investment in assets associated with the Cawthorne Channel Project was $15.0 million.
Following completion of the merger between Hanover and Universal, our management reviewed the compression fleet assets used in our North America Contract Operations segment that existed at the merger date. Management reviewed our fleet for units that would not be of the type, configuration, make or model that we would want to continue to offer due to the cost to refurbish the equipment, the incremental costs of maintaining more types of equipment and the increased financial flexibility of the new company to build new units in the configuration currently in demand by our customers. Prior to the merger, we had planned to rebuild or reconfigure these units over time to make them into the configurations currently in demand by customers.
We performed a cash flow analysis of the expected proceeds from the disposition to determine the fair value for the fleet assets we will no longer utilize in our operations. The net book value of these assets, which were owned by Hanover prior to the merger, exceeded the fair value by $61.9 million, and was recorded as a long-lived asset impairment in the third quarter of 2007. The impairment is recorded in fleet impairment expense in our consolidated statements of operations. Our plan to dispose of the identified fleet assets did not meet the criteria to be classified as assets held for sale under SFAS No. 144. No impairment charge was recorded on units previously owned by Universal as the intended use/disposition was considered as part of fair value of these units in the allocation of the purchase price.
During the first quarter of 2008, management identified certain fleet units that will not be used in our contract operations business in the future and recorded a $1.5 million impairment in the first quarter of 2008. During the third quarter of 2008, we recorded a $1.0 million impairment related to the loss sustained on offshore units that were on platforms which capsized during Hurricane Ike.
21. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 157, which provides a single definition of fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires additional disclosures about the use of fair value to measure assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007; however, in February 2008, the FASB issued a FASB Staff Position that defers the effective date to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008 for all nonfinancial assets and liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed in the financial statements at fair value on at least an annual basis. We adopted the required undeferred provisions of SFAS No. 157 on January 1, 2008, and the adoption of SFAS No. 157 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. We do not expect the adoption of the deferred provisions of SFAS No. 157 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Liabilities” (“SFAS No. 159”). SFAS No. 159 provided entities the one-time election to measure financial instruments and certain other assets and liabilities at fair value on an instrument-by-instrument basis under a fair value option. SFAS No. 159 is effective for financial statements as of the beginning of the first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007. Its provisions may be applied to an earlier period only if the following conditions are met: (1) the decision to adopt is made after the issuance of SFAS No. 159 but within 120 days after the first day of the fiscal year of adoption, and no financial statements, including footnotes, for any interim period of the adoption year have yet been issued and (2) the requirements of SFAS No. 157 are adopted concurrently with or prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 159. We adopted SFAS No. 159 on January 1, 2008, and the adoption of SFAS No. 159 did not impact our consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS No. 141(R)”). SFAS No. 141(R) replaces SFAS No. 141 and requires that all assets, liabilities, contingent consideration, contingencies and in-process research and development costs of an acquired business be recorded at fair value at the acquisition date; that acquisition costs generally be expensed as incurred; that restructuring costs generally be expensed in periods subsequent to the acquisition date; and that changes in accounting for deferred tax asset valuation allowances and acquired income tax uncertainties after the measurement period impact income tax expense. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008, with an exception for the accounting for valuation allowances on deferred taxes and acquired tax contingencies associated with acquisitions. After the adoption of SFAS No. 141(R), the provisions of SFAS No. 141(R) will also apply to adjustments made to valuation allowances on deferred taxes and acquired tax contingencies associated with acquisitions that closed prior to the effective date of SFAS No. 141(R). We do not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 141(R) will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements, although we are unable to predict its impact on future potential acquisitions.

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In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” (“SFAS No. 161”). This new standard requires enhanced disclosures for derivative instruments, including those used in hedging activities. SFAS No. 161 is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after November 15, 2008. We do not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 161 will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In April 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets” (“FSP FAS 142-3”), which amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under FASB Statement No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (“SFAS No. 142”). The intent of FSP FAS 142-3 is to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142 and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under SFAS No. 141(R), in accordance with GAAP. FSP FAS 142-3 requires an entity to disclose information for a recognized intangible asset that enables users of the financial statements to assess the extent to which the expected future cash flows associated with the asset are affected by the entity’s intent and/or ability to renew or extend the arrangement. FSP FAS 142-3 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. We do not expect the adoption of FSP FAS 142-3 will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position APB 14-1, “Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement)” (“FSP APB 14-1”). FSP APB 14-1 requires that the liability and equity components of convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement), unless the embedded conversion option is required to be separately accounted for as a derivative, be separately accounted for in a manner that reflects an issuer’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate. FSP APB 14-1 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008; however, early adoption is not permitted. Retrospective application to all periods presented is required except for instruments that were not outstanding during any of the periods that will be presented in the annual financial statements for the period of adoption but were outstanding during an earlier period. We do not expect the adoption of FSP APB 14-1 will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. The adoption of FSP APB 14-1 will also result in the equity component of our convertible debt balance being reclassified from liabilities to equity.
22. Industry Segments and Geographic Information
We manage our business segments primarily based upon the type of product or service provided. We have four principal industry segments: North America Contract Operations, International Contract Operations, Aftermarket Services and Fabrication. The North America and International Contract Operations segments primarily provide natural gas compression services, production and processing equipment services and maintenance services to meet specific customer requirements on Exterran-owned assets. The Aftermarket Services segment provides a full range of services to support the surface production, compression and processing needs of customers, from parts sales and normal maintenance services to full operation of a customer’s owned assets. The Fabrication segment involves (i) design, engineering, installation, fabrication and sale of natural gas compression units and accessories and equipment used in the production, treating and processing of crude oil and natural gas and (ii) engineering, procurement and construction services primarily related to the manufacturing of critical process equipment for refinery and petrochemical facilities, the construction of tank farms and the construction of evaporators and brine heaters for desalination plants.
Subsequent to the merger between Hanover and Universal, we evaluated our management process for analyzing the performance of our operations. We have changed our segment reporting in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles in order to enable investors to view our operations in a manner similar to the way management does. Our Fabrication segment previously reported three product lines: Compressor and Accessory Fabrication, Production and Processing Fabrication — Surface Equipment and Production and Processing Fabrication — Belleli. We also renamed three of our segments as follows: U.S. Rentals is now referred

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to as North America Contract Operations; International Rentals is now referred to as International Contract Operations; and Parts, Service and Used Equipment is now referred to as Aftermarket Services. North America Contract Operations includes U.S. and Canada contract operations. The changes in our reportable segments, including the reclassification on the consolidated statements of operations of the related revenues and costs of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization), have been made to all periods presented within this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
We evaluate the performance of our segments based on gross margin for each segment. Revenues include only sales to external customers. We do not include intersegment sales when we evaluate the performance of our segments. Our chief executive officer does not review asset information by segment.
No individual customer accounted for more than 10% of our consolidated revenues during any of the periods presented. The following tables present sales and other financial information by industry segment, a reconciliation of our revenues and geographic data for the 2008, 2007 and 2006. The results below for 2007 include 134 days of Universal’s operations from the merger date of August 20, 2007 through December 31, 2007.
                                                         
    North America   International                   Reportable        
    Contract   Contract   Aftermarket           Segments        
    Operations   Operations   Services   Fabrication   Total   Other(1)   Consolidated
    (In thousands)
2008:
                                                       
Revenue from external customers
  $ 790,573     $ 516,891     $ 381,617     $ 1,489,572     $ 3,178,653     $     $ 3,178,653  
Gross margin(2)
    448,708       325,595       77,187       269,516       1,121,006             1,121,006  
Total assets
    2,489,309       1,358,572       213,469       720,411       4,781,761       1,310,866       6,092,627  
Capital expenditures
    253,232       189,187       5,632       25,093       473,144       36,126       509,270  
2007:
                                                       
Revenue from external customers
  $ 551,140     $ 336,807     $ 274,489     $ 1,378,049     $ 2,540,485     $     $ 2,540,485  
Gross margin(2)
    318,902       209,946       59,992       233,469       822,309             822,309  
Total assets
    3,647,354       1,221,118       173,016       649,342       5,690,830       1,172,693       6,863,523  
Capital expenditures
    193,817       128,778             22,902       345,497       6,693       352,190  
2006:
                                                       
Revenue from external customers
  $ 384,292     $ 263,228     $ 179,043     $ 766,758     $ 1,593,321     $     $ 1,593,321  
Gross margin(2)
    227,738       166,597       39,410       113,039       546,784             546,784  
Total assets
    1,358,018       637,723       162,688       324,075       2,482,504       588,385       3,070,889  
Capital expenditures
    138,686       87,641             17,529       243,856       2,727       246,583  
Geographic Data
                                 
    U.S.   Venezuela   Other   Consolidated
    (In thousands)
2008:
                               
Revenues from external customers
  $ 1,567,379     $ 159,735     $ 1,451,539     $ 3,178,653  
Property, plant and equipment, net
  $ 2,581,287     $ 217,633     $ 874,946     $ 3,673,866  
2007:
                               
Revenues from external customers
  $ 1,250,048     $ 125,181     $ 1,165,256     $ 2,540,485  
Property, plant and equipment, net
  $ 2,443,663     $ 215,685     $ 874,157     $ 3,533,505  
2006:
                               
Revenues from external customers
  $ 882,245     $ 111,771     $ 599,305     $ 1,593,321  
Property, plant and equipment, net
  $ 1,250,656     $ 190,514     $ 422,282     $ 1,863,452  
 
(1)   Includes corporate related items.
 
(2)   Gross margin, a non-GAAP financial measure, is reconciled to net income (loss) below.

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The following table reconciles net income (loss) to gross margin (in thousands):
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2008     2007     2006  
Net income (loss)
  $ (935,076 )   $ 40,876     $ 86,523  
Selling, general and administrative
    374,737       265,057       197,282  
Merger and integration expenses
    11,475       46,723        
Depreciation and amortization
    373,602       252,716       175,927  
Fleet impairment
    24,109       61,945        
Goodwill impairment
    1,148,371              
Interest expense
    129,723       130,092       123,496  
Debt extinguishment costs
          70,150       5,902  
Equity in income of non-consolidated affiliates
    (23,974 )     (12,498 )     (19,430 )
Other (income) expense, net
    (18,760 )     (44,646 )     (50,897 )
Provision for income taxes
    37,197       11,894       28,782  
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax
    (398 )           (368 )
Gain from sale of discontinued operations, net of tax
                (63 )
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax
                (370 )
 
                 
Gross margin
  $ 1,121,006     $ 822,309     $ 546,784  
 
                 

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EXTERRAN HOLDINGS, INC.
SELECTED QUARTERLY UNAUDITED FINANCIAL DATA
In the opinion of management, the summarized quarterly financial data below (in thousands, except per share amounts) contains all appropriate adjustments, all of which are normally recurring adjustments, considered necessary to present fairly our financial position and the results of operations for the respective periods:
                                 
    March 31   June 30   September 30   December 31
    (In thousands, except per share amounts)
2008(1):
                               
Revenue from external customers
  $ 740,089     $ 812,211     $ 795,962     $ 830,391  
Gross profit(2)
    203,050       171,855       201,449       201,762  
Net income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders
    49,371       21,660       37,033       (1,055,413 )
Income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders per common share:
                               
Basic
  $ 0.76     $ 0.33     $ 0.57     $ (16.70 )
Diluted
  $ 0.73     $ 0.33     $ 0.56     $ (16.70 )
2007(3):
                               
Revenue from external customers
  $ 447,978     $ 494,529     $ 744,602     $ 853,376  
Gross profit(2)
    107,375       115,312       97,596       208,927  
Net income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders
    25,402       26,063       (75,391 )     58,495  
Income (loss) attributable to Exterran stockholders per common share:
                               
Basic
  $ 0.76     $ 0.76     $ (1.55 )   $ 0.90  
Diluted
  $ 0.71     $ 0.71     $ (1.55 )   $ 0.87  
 
(1)   During the fourth quarter of 2008, we recorded a $1,148.4 million goodwill impairment charge, a $21.6 million fleet asset impairment charge and a benefit of $14.1 million for a recovery of previously expensed cost overruns on a loss contract. During the second quarter of 2008, we recorded $31.8 million in total cost overruns on two projects in the Eastern Hemisphere.
 
(2)   Gross profit is defined as revenue less cost of sales and direct depreciation and amortization expense.
 
(3)   During the fourth quarter of 2007, we recorded $9.3 million for merger and integration expenses. During the third quarter of 2007, we recorded $34.0 million for merger and integration expenses, $77 million in refinancing charges, $61.9 million for fleet asset impairment charges and $6.7 million for impairment of an investment in a non-consolidated affiliate.

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SCHEDULE II
EXTERRAN HOLDINGS, INC.
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
                                         
            Additions            
    Balance at   Charged to                   Balance at
    Beginning   Costs and   Charged to           End of
Description   of Period   Expenses   Other Accounts   Deductions   Period
    (In thousands)
Allowance for doubtful accounts deducted from accounts receivable in the balance sheet
                                       
2008
  $ 10,846     $ 4,736     $     $ 746 (2)   $ 14,836  
2007
    4,938       2,650       5,063 (1)     1,805 (2)     10,846  
2006
    4,751       2,465             2,278 (2)     4,938  
Allowance for obsolete and slow moving inventory deducted from inventories in the balance sheet
                                       
2008
  $ 21,472     $ 2,522     $     $ 5,631 (3)   $ 18,363  
2007
    11,912       1,672       11,003 (1)     3,115 (3)     21,472  
2006
    11,797       2,293             2,178 (3)     11,912  
Allowance for deferred tax assets not expected to be realized
                                       
2008
  $ 30,863     $ 12,029     $     $ 27,685 (4)   $ 15,207  
2007
    46,996       5,243       1,173 (1)     22,549 (4)     30,863  
2006
    75,420       13,061             41,485 (4)     46,996  
 
(1)   Amount represents increase in allowances related to the purchase price allocations for the Universal merger.
 
(2)   Uncollectible accounts written off, net of recoveries.
 
(3)   Obsolete inventory written off at cost, net of value received.
 
(4)   Reflects expected realization of deferred tax assets and amounts credited to other accounts for stock-based compensation excess tax benefits, expiring net operating losses and changes in tax rates.

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Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our principal executive officer and principal financial officer evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of December 31, 2008. Based on the evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is accumulated and communicated to management, and made known to our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, on a timely basis to ensure that it is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
As required by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(c) and 15d-15(c), our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting based on the Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness as to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Based on the results of management’s evaluation described above, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2008.
The effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, was audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in its report found on the following page of this report.

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Exterran Holdings, Inc.
Houston, Texas
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Exterran Holdings, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2008, based on the criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.  The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.  Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances.  We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.  A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.  Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on the criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
Refer to our audit report dated February 26, 2009 (June 3, 2009 as to the retrospective application of SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements – an amendment of ARB No. 51 (“SFAS No. 160’) as described in Note 1) relating to the financial statements and financial statement schedule of the Company (which report expresses an unqualified opinion and includes an explanatory paragraph related to the retrospective application of SFAS No. 160).
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule as of and for the year ended December 31, 2008 of the Company and our report dated February 26, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements and financial statement schedule.
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Houston, Texas
February 26, 2009

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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting during our fourth quarter of fiscal 2008 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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