-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, Pjso0CNjWV+ewuZY7jQUQA9XCPZ4EQjFO4di3P4jZNnmCB1mBthl4zIlxmYlPBEK hrZWdY2xLpc00TlaIjLB4Q== 0000930413-06-007205.txt : 20061006 0000930413-06-007205.hdr.sgml : 20061006 20061006134618 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000930413-06-007205 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: S-1 PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 25 FILED AS OF DATE: 20061006 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: Vaughan Foods, Inc. CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001376556 IRS NUMBER: 731342046 STATE OF INCORPORATION: OK FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-1 SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-137861 FILM NUMBER: 061133310 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 216 N.E. 12TH STREET CITY: MOORE STATE: OK ZIP: 73160 BUSINESS PHONE: 405-794-2530 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 216 N.E. 12TH STREET CITY: MOORE STATE: OK ZIP: 73160 S-1 1 c44364_s-1.htm
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 6, 2006
Registration No. 333-               


UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
__________________

VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Oklahoma  2099  73-1342046 
(State or Other Jurisdiction of  (Primary Standard Industrial  (I.R.S. Employer 
Incorporation or Organization)  Classification Code Number)  Identification No.) 

Vaughan Foods, Inc.
216 N.E. 12th Street
Moore, OK 73160
(405) 794-2530
(405) 985-6596 Facsimile
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of Registrant’s executive offices)
_________________________________
Mark E. Vaughan
Chief Executive Officer
Vaughan Foods, Inc.
216 N.E. 12th Street, Moore, OK 73160
(405) 794-2530
(405) 985-6596 Facsimile

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
_________________________________
Please send copies of all communications to:

Stephen Zelnick, Esq.  John Halle, Esq. 
Morse, Zelnick, Rose & Lander LLP  Stoel Rives LLP 
405 Park Avenue  900 S.W. Fifth Avenue 
Suite 1401  Suite 2600 
New York, New York 10022  Portland, Oregon 97204 
(212) 838-8040  (503) 224-3380 
(212) 838-9190 Facsimile  (503) 220-2480 Facsimile 
_________________________________

     Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective.

     If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), check the following box. x

     If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

     If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

     If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o


CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

      Proposed           
      Maximum   
Proposed
     
    Amount Offering   
Maximum
     
   
to
Price Per   
Aggregate
     
Title of Each Class of   
be
Unit/Share/   
Offering
 
Amount of 
Securities to be Registered    Registered (1) Warrant(2)   
Price(2)
 
Registration Fee 
 
Units, consisting of one share of common                 
stock, no par value, one Class A warrant                 
and one Class B warrant, each to purchase                 
one share of common stock    5,750,000 (1)  $5.50    $  31,625,000  
$ 
3,383.88 
 
Common stock included in the units(4)    5,750,000              
 
Class A warrants to purchase common stock                 
included in the units(4)    5,750,000              
 
Class B warrants to purchase common stock                 
included in the units(4)    5,750,000              
 
Common stock underlying the Class A                 
warrants included in the units(3)    5,750,000 (1)  $8.25    $  47,437,500   $  5,075.81 
 
Common stock underlying the Class B                 
warrants included in the units(3)    5,750,000 (1)  $11.00    $  63,250,000   $  6,767.75 
 
Representative’s warrants    500,000       $  100   $  .01 
 
Units issuable upon exercise of the                 
representative’s warrants    500,000   $6.60    $  3,300,000   $  353.10 
 
Common shares included in the units                 
underlying the representative’s warrants(4)    500,000              
 
Class A warrants to purchase common stock                 
included in units issuable upon exercise of                 
the representative’s warrants(4)    500,000              
 
Class B warrants to purchase common stock                 
included in the units issuable upon exercise                 
of the representative’s warrants(4)    500,000              
 
Common stock underlying the Class A                 
warrants to purchase common stock                 
included in units issuable upon exercise of                 
the representative’s warrants(3)    500,000   $8.25    $  4,125,000   $  441.38 
 
Common stock underlying the Class B                 
warrants to purchase common stock                 
included in units issuable upon exercise of                 
the representative’s warrants(3)    500,000   $11.00    $  5,500,000   $  588.50 

 



 
Total    38,000,000       $  155,237,600   $  16,610.43 

 




(1)      Includes 750,000 units issuable upon exercise of underwriters’ over-allotment option.
(2) Estimated solely for purposes of calculating the amount of the registration fee paid pursuant to Rule 457(g) under the Securities Act.
(3) Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act, there are also being registered hereby such additional indeterminate number of shares as may become issuable pursuant to the antidilution provisions of the warrants.
(4) No registration fee required pursuant to Rule 457 of the Securities Act.

_________________________________

     THE REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE OR DATES AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT SHALL FILE A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(a) OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR UNTIL THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL BECOME EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SAID SECTION 8(a), MAY DETERMINE.

_________________________________

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.


PROSPECTUS (Subject to Completion)

Dated October [                ], 2006

5,000,000 Units

each consisting of

one share of common stock, one Class A Warrant and one Class B Warrant

     This is our initial public offering. We are offering, on a firm commitment basis, 5,000,000 units, each unit consisting of one share of common stock, one Class A warrant and one Class B warrant. Each Class A warrant entitles its holder to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price equal to 150% of the initial unit offering price. Each Class B warrant entitles its holder to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price equal to 200% of the initial unit offering price. The Class A and Class B warrants are exercisable at any time after they become separately tradeable until their expiration date, five years after the date of this prospectus. We may redeem some or all of the Class A warrants at a price of $0.25 per warrant at any time after they become separately tradeable by giving the holders not less than 30 days’ notice. We may redeem some or all of the Class B warrants, at a price of $0.25 per warrant at any time after they become separately tradeable by giving the holders not less than 30 days’ notice, which we may do at any time after our gross revenues, as confirmed by an independent audit, for any period of four consecutive fiscal quarters preceding the notice, are equal to or greater than $100 million.

     We anticipate that the initial public offering price of the units will be in the range of $4.50 - $5.50 per unit.

     Initially, only the units will trade. The common stock and the warrants will begin trading separately on the 30th calendar day following the date of this prospectus. Once separate trading in the common stock and warrants begins, trading in the units will cease, and the units will be delisted.

     We have applied to list the units, common stock, the Class A warrants and the Class B warrants on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbols “[           ],” “[           ],” “[           ]” and “[           ],” respectively [and on the Boston Stock Exchange under the symbols “[           ],” “[           ],” “[           ]” and “[           ],” respectively].

     Investing in these units involves significant risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 12.

____________________

     Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of the disclosures in this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

     
Per Unit 
   
Total 


    $      $   
Public offering price             
Underwriting discount    $      $   
Proceeds to us, before expenses    $      $   

     We have also agreed to pay Paulson Investment Company, Inc., the representative of the underwriters of this offering, a non-accountable expense allowance equal to 2% of the total public offering price for the units offered by this prospectus and issue to Paulson a warrant to purchase 500,000 units, identical to the units offered by this prospectus, having an exercise price per unit equal to 120% of the initial unit public offering price.

     We have also granted to Paulson a 45-day option to purchase up to an additional 750,000 units to cover over-allotments.

Paulson Investment Company, Inc. 
Capital West Securities, Inc.

The date of this prospectus is                , 2006

2


     We hold rights to the following trademarks: “Fresh Fixins®”, “Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens and design™”, “Vaughan Foods™”, “Serve Fresh Kits™”, “Deli Fresh™” and “Deli Fresh Select™” and “Wild About Food and design®.”

     All references in this Prospectus to Vaughan, “we,” “us,” or “our” refer to Vaughan Foods, Inc. and its contemplated wholly owned subsidiary Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens, Inc., unless the context otherwise indicates.

3


PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

     This summary provides a brief overview of key aspects of the offering. However, it is a summary and may not contain all of the information that is important to you. For a more complete understanding of this offering, we encourage you to read the entire prospectus, including our financial statements and the notes to those statements. All share information in this prospectus has been retroactively adjusted to reflect a stock dividend of 6,249 shares for each share of common stock (which increased our outstanding shares of common stock to 5,000,000 shares) and the increase in our authorized shares approved in June 2006 and effective in September 2006. All information also gives retroactive effect (as if such acquisition had occurred before the date of such information) to our expected acquisition of Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens, LLP, a processor of refrigerated prepared salads, which we refer to as “Allison’s,” including its recently acquired division, Wild About Food, a processor of freshly prepared soups and sauces. Allison’s is currently owned by three of our officers and a director nominee who have agreed to contribute or sell their interests to us. The closing of the acquisition of Allison’s is a condition to the closing of this offering.

Vaughan Foods, Inc.

Overview

     We process and package value-added, refrigerated foods which we distribute to our customers three or more times per week in our fleet of refrigerated trucks and trailers. Distribution is concentrated in the 12-state marketing area within a 500 mile radius of our plant in Moore, Oklahoma, a suburb of Oklahoma City, consisting of all or portions of the states of Arkansas, Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Tennessee and Texas. Our marketing area is largely determined by the short shelf life of our products and, to a lesser extent, by the cost of refrigerated shipping.

     Our principal products fall into two categories: refrigerated prepared salads, such as chicken, tuna, bean and pasta salads, coleslaw and potato salad, and fresh-cut produce, primarily salads and salad mixes. However, until the end of 2002 our line consisted primarily of fresh-cut produce which we packaged and sold to food service customers. In 2002, we began to expand our operations into a more diverse line of refrigerated foods in order to provide opportunities for greater profit margins. First, we added a limited number of refrigerated prepared salads. In March 2003, three of our officers, together with Herb Grimes, a director nominee, co-founded Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens, LLP to process a line of refrigerated prepared salads for retail outlets, as well as our historical food service customers and restaurant chains. These refrigerated prepared salads generate higher gross profit margins than our fresh-cut produce. Allison’s is integrated with our operations. It uses our production facility in Moore, Oklahoma and our distribution network, including our fleet of refrigerated tractors and trailers, and shares certain office, managerial and other personnel. Allison’s also utilizes our fresh-cut produce in making its prepared salads. Also, since 2002 we have been expanding our fresh-cut line to include more salad mixes, packaged to better meet the needs of retail chain store accounts. These salad mixes for retailers also typically enjoy higher gross profit margins than produce sold to food service customers.

     We believe that we are a leading regional supplier of our products within our primary marketing area. We process approximately 1.4 to 1.7 million pounds of fresh-cut, ready-to-eat branded and private label salads every week and produce approximately 70 different salad products in a variety of food service and retail package sizes, including custom vegetable mixes and custom sized packages for our large volume customers. Salads and salad mixes are sold primarily to restaurant chains, food service businesses, institutional users and, to a lesser extent, retail chains while the bulk of our refrigerated prepared salads are sold to grocery store deli departments, food service distributors and regional restaurant chains.

4


     A substantial element of our growth plan is focused on our higher margin opportunities. In accordance with this plan, in June 2006, Allison’s acquired Wild About Food, Inc., a processor of soups, stews, sauces and side dishes.

Competitive Strengths

     We believe we have a number of competitive strengths that in combination contribute to our ability to compete and achieve our growth plans:

  • Frequent deliveries. We deliver our perishable and short shelf life products three or more times per week. Our frequent deliveries coupled with our assistance to customers on how to handle our products on a “first in – first out” basis insure the freshness of our product to the ultimate consumer.


  • Distribution capability. We maintain a fleet of 23 trucks and 28 fifty-three foot refrigerated trailers giving us rapid delivery capability and strong logistical control.


  • Diverse and customized products. We offer a diverse range of ready-to-order quality products in convenient packaging types and sizes. We can also deliver customized “cut-to-order” fresh-cut produce to distributors in less than two days.


  • Single source supplier. As a single source supplier of both packaged fresh-cut salads and refrigerated prepared salads, we allow customers the opportunity to consolidate their sources of supply.


  • Diverse sources of supply. In 2005, we purchased ingredients from approximately 50 suppliers in five diverse growing regions (California, Arizona, Colorado, Florida and Mexico). This geographic diversity reduces our risk of shortfalls in supplies due to natural disasters, labor disruptions and other supply interruptions in any one area.


  • Broad customer base. We currently have approximately 140 recurring end-user revenue accounts throughout the Plains States, Southwest and Southeast. No customer accounted for more than 10% of sales in 2004 or 2005.
Growth Plan

     We currently supply only a small part of the demand of our larger clients for our refrigerated prepared salads and fresh-cut salad and salad mixes. Our ability to supply our customers’ needs within our existing 12-state marketing area is constrained by the size limitations of our existing plant and the limitations of our product line, both of which we are in the process of expanding. In order to supply the needs of these customers and potential new customers outside of our primary market area, we would need to create other new facilities so that we can continue to deliver the freshest products and maintain our pricing and cost structures. We believe that our existing customers would buy additional products that we add to our line, such as freshly prepared soups and stews, sauces and dressings, of the type produced by Wild About Food, as well as organic fruits and vegetables, side dishes and preservative free salad kits. Accordingly, we plan to enlarge our business by taking the following steps:

  • Increase productive capacity for refrigerated prepared salads. We are currently building a 40,000 sq. ft. addition to our 108,000 sq. ft. plant in Moore, Oklahoma to be used for refrigerated prepared salads and other prepared products. A new, state-of-the-art potato cook/chill system in that facility will substantially increase output of cooked and chilled potatoes for use in our potato salad products. Other new equipment will enable us to prepare our own dressings and sauces, ingredients that we now purchase. The additional space will also allow us to reorganize our existing plant to increase our capacity for producing salads and salad mixes from approximately 1.4 to 1.7 million pounds per week to approximately 2.2 million pounds per week.


  • Increase utilization of refrigerated delivery capacity. We plan to increase the use of our existing fleet of refrigerated trailers, and new refrigerated trailers purchased with proceeds of this offering, in “back haul” transportation for other shippers.


  • Broaden product line. We plan to broaden the line of products offered both in our existing primary market region and elsewhere through internal growth and the acquisition of complementary businesses. Our acquisition of Wild about Food and its line of freshly prepared soups, stews, sauces and dressing

5


    was an initial step in this direction. We believe that the addition of these products as well as organic fruits and vegetables, side dishes, preservative free salad kits and other refrigerated products will enable us to more fully meet the needs of our existing restaurant chain and food service businesses.

  • Broaden market reach. Many of our existing customers operate beyond our primary market area. We believe that we can broaden business with these customers and also add new customers, particularly in the Midwest, by building or acquiring new facilities in contiguous and other marketing areas. We believe that our reputation is known in some surrounding areas and that this should facilitate our geographic expansion.


  • Strategic Acquisitions. Though much of our growth plan is based on internal growth, we also plan, where feasible, to add to our customer base, increase market share, increase our geographic reach, enhance our productive capacity and broaden our product line by acquisition of regional competitors.

     Achieving our growth plan will enable us to spread fixed overhead costs over a larger revenue base and enable us to have a stronger bargaining position in negotiating for raw material supplies. Larger production runs should also help in containing or reducing processing costs, including per unit labor costs.

Corporate Information

     Vaughan was organized in 1989 under the laws of the state of Oklahoma as a successor to a family business that commenced operations in 1961. Immediately prior to the closing of this offering, pursuant to agreements dated in May and June 2006, assuming gross proceeds from this offering of at least $20.0 million, we will acquire from Mark Vaughan and Vernon J. Brandt, Jr., for nominal consideration, 60% of the limited partnership interests in Allison’s, a limited liability partnership, and also acquire from Herbert Grimes and Stan Gustas the remaining 40% of the limited partnership interests and the general partnership interest in Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens for $2,500,000 and a number of shares equal to $1.0 million divided by the initial public offering price of the units. Allison’s marks our entry into the higher value-added refrigerated prepared salad business. Prior to acquisition it was controlled by our principals and processed its entire product line at our plant in Moore, Oklahoma. Mark Vaughan, Vernon J. Brandt, Jr., Herbert Grimes and Stan Gustas are each officers of Vaughan.

     Our principal executive office is located at 216 N.E. 12th Street, Moore, OK 73160 and our telephone number is (405) 794-2350. Our web address is www.vaughanfoods.com. None of the information on our website is part of this prospectus.

6


The Offering

Securities offered  5,000,000 units, each unit consisting of one share of common 
  stock, one Class A redeemable common stock purchase warrant 
  and one Class B redeemable common stock purchase warrant. 
  Initially, only the units will trade. The common stock and the 
  warrants included in the units will not trade separately until the 
  30th calendar day following the date of this prospectus or the 
  first trading day thereafter if the 30th day is a weekend or 
  holiday. Once separate trading in the common stock and 
  warrants commences, the units will cease trading and will be 
  delisted.   
 
Shares of common stock to be outstanding  10,400,000   
after this offering     
 
Warrants:     
         Number of Class A warrants to be 
   
         outstanding after this offering  5,200,000   
 
         Number of Class B warrants to be 
   
         outstanding after this offering  5,200,000   
 
Exercise terms of Class A and Class B  Each Class A warrant entitles its holder to purchase one share of 
Warrants  common stock at an exercise price equal to 150% of the initial 
  unit offering price. Each Class B warrant entitles its holder to 
  purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price equal 
  to 200% of the initial unit offering price. The Class A and Class 
  B warrants are exercisable at any time after they become 
  separately tradable.   
 
Expiration date of Class A and Class B                               , 2011   
Warrants     
 
Redemption of Class A and Class B Warrants  We may redeem some or all of the warrants at any time after 
  they become separately tradeable, at a price of $0.25 per warrant, 
  on 30 days’ notice to the holders. However, we may redeem the 
  Class B warrants only if our gross revenue, for any period of 
  four consecutive fiscal quarters preceding the notice (as 
  confirmed by independent audit), is equal to or greater than $100 
  million.   
 
Symbols:     
 
Nasdaq 
Boston
 
Capital 
Stock 
 
Market 
Exchange 
  Units   
 
Common Stock
 
 
Class A Warrants
 
 
Class B Warrants
 
 
Risk factors  Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. As an 
  investor, you should be able to bear the loss of your entire 
  investment. You should carefully consider the information set 
  forth in the Risk Factor section beginning on page 12 of this  
  prospectus in evaluating an investment in our securities. 

7


Use of Proceeds 
  We expect to use approximately $8.0 million of the net proceeds 
    of the offering towards the acquisition of Allison’s Gourmet 
    Kitchens, the expansion of our production facility and construction 
    of new facilities, approximately $5.0 million to repay debt, 
    including $2.0 million of Secured Notes, and the remainder 
    towards working capital. 

     The number of shares of common stock and the number of Class A and Class B warrants to be outstanding after this offering includes:

  • 200,000 shares, 200,000 Class A warrants and 200,000 Class B warrants included in the units to be issued to the holders of $2.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 10% secured promissory notes due June 30, 2007, which we refer to as the “Secured Notes,” assuming an initial public offering price of $5.00 per unit. The actual number of units that will be issued to the holders of the Unsecured Notes will depend on the actual initial public offering price of the units;


  • 200,000 shares to be issued as part of the consideration for the acquisition of the 40% minority limited partnership interests and the general partnership interest in Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens

     Unless otherwise stated, the information contained in this prospectus assumes no exercise of:

  • any of the Class A and Class B warrants (including the Class A and Class B warrants that will be issued to the holders of the Secured Notes);


  • the over-allotment option granted to the representative to purchase up to an additional 750,000 units;


  • the warrant to purchase 500,000 units granted to the representative in connection with this offering; and


  • any other warrants and options outstanding on the date of this prospectus.

8


Summary Financial Information*

(in thousands, except per share data)

Vaughan Foods                           
 
   
Years ended December 31, 
Six months ended June 30,











   
(Unaudited) 




     
   
2003
2004 
2005
2005
2006














 
       Consolidated statement of                           
       operations data                           
       Net sales   
$
29,369    
$ 
36,133   
$ 
44,730    
$
22,331    
$ 
26,318  
       Gross profit    4,402       6,230      6,754     3,780       3,144  
       Selling, general and                           
           administrative expenses 
  3,891       5,387      6,431     3,516       3,515  
       Rent income    182       168      230     114       134  
       Interest expense    409       489      1,042     485       489  
       Other, net    (45 )      12      88     4       28  
       Income tax expense (benefit)    71       192      (160 )    (30 )     (249 ) 














       Net income expense (loss)    $ 168    
$ 
342   
$ 
(241 )   
$
(73 )   
$ 
(449 ) 














       Net income (loss) per share – basic                   
   
 
           and diluted    $ 0.03    
$ 
0.07   
$ 
(0.05 )   
$
(0.01 )   
$ 
(0.09 ) 
     
     
       Weighted average number of shares                           
       outstanding – basic and diluted    5,000       5,000      5,000     5,000       5,000  
     
     
Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens 
                         
     
   
Years ended December 31 
 
Six Months ended June 30,











                   
(Unaudited) 














 
   
2003
2004 
2005
2005
2006
 



     

     


     


     


 
       Consolidated statement of                           
       operations data                           
       Net sales   
$
3,382    
$ 
9,173   
$ 
13,111    
$
7,062    
$ 
8,627  
 
       Gross profit    780       2,222      3,265     1,738       1,913  
 
       Selling, general and                           
           administrative expenses 
  663       1,608      2,356     1,212       1,486  
 
       Interest expense   
16 
      32      11     13       40  














 
       Net income    
$
101    
$ 
582   
$ 
898    
$
513    
$ 
387  
   


 

 


 


 



______________________________________
*
Financial information relating to Wild About Food, Inc. is reflected in financial information relating to Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens only subsequent to the date of its acquisition in 2006, but not in any pro forma financial information for prior periods.

9


Pro forma combined information:

The pro forma combined statement of operations data giving effect to the acquisition of Allison’s by Vaughan as of January 1, 2005

   
 
Six Months ended June 30
Years ended December 31, 



 
2005 
     
2005 
     
2006











 
(Unaudited) 
Consolidated statement of                     
operations data                     
 
Net sales    $  55,935     
$ 
29,351    $ 33,909  
Gross profit      10,249     
5,529      5,175  
Selling, general and           
       
          administrative expenses 
    8,453     
4,582      4,815  
Interest expense      1,053     
498      529  







Net income (loss)    $  656     
$ 
440   
$ 
(62 ) 








Consolidated balance sheet data:

     The tables below show selected balance sheet data for Vaughan Foods and Allison’s at December 31, 2005 and June 30, 2006 on an actual basis. The pro forma combined balance sheet data as at December 31, 2005 and June 30, 2006 gives effect to:

  • the issuance of an additional $2,000,000 of indebtedness pursuant to the Secured Notes and $1,000,000 of other indebtedness since December 31, 2005, but before the date of this prospectus;


  • the issuance of 200,000 shares, 200,000 Class A warrants and 200,000 Class B warrants included in the units to be issued to the holders of the Secured Notes, assuming an initial public offering price of $5.00 per unit. The actual number of units that will be issued to the holders of the Secured Notes will depend on the actual initial public offering price of the units; and


  • Our acquisition of all of the partnership interests in Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens for $2,500,000 and 200,000 shares on the assumption that the acquisition occurred on January 1, 2005.

     The pro forma as adjusted data also takes into account our receipt of approximately $25.0 million of estimated net proceeds from this offering and the use of approximately $3.0 million to repay certain indebtedness, including the Secured Notes.

Vaughan Foods
(in thousands)
            June 30, 2006
      December 31, 2005     (Unaudited)




 
Current assets    $  4,370     $  5,908  
 
Working capital (deficit)      (2,480 )      (3,673 ) 
 
Total assets      16,970       18,785  
Total current liabilities      6,850       9,581  
Total long-term liabilities      9,514       9,046  
Stockholders’ equity      606       158  

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Allison’s Gourmet Kitchen               
(in thousands) 
            June 30, 2006   
       
December 31, 2005 
    (Unaudited)  
 
   
 
 
                                           Current assets      $ 1,842    $
2,915 
 
                                           Working capital (deficit)      613     
464 
 
                                           Total assets      2,822     
4,978 
 
                                           Total current liabilities      1,229     
2,451 
 
                                           Total long term liabilities      205     
882 
 
                                           Partner’s capital  1,388     
1,646 
 
 
 
Pro Forma Combined                   
(in thousands) 
 
                  June 30, 2006 
                  As Adjusted 
     
December 31, 2005 
   
June 30, 2006
    (Unaudited) 


       

     

 
                               Current assets 
  $  5,876     $  8,520     $  29,520
                               Working capital (deficit)      (1,868 )      (3,209 )      17,791 
                               Total assets 
    19,457       23,461       44,461 
                               Total current liabilities      7,744       11,730       11,730 
                               Total long-term liabilities      9,718       9,928          9,928 
                               Stockholders’ equity (deficiency) 
    1,994       1,804       22,804 

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RISK FACTORS

     This offering and an investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below and the other information in this prospectus, including our financial statements and the notes to those statements, before you purchase any units. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us, or that we currently deem immaterial, could negatively impact our business, results of operations or financial condition in the future. If any of the following risks and uncertainties develops into actual events, our business, results of operations or financial condition could be adversely affected. In those cases, the trading price of our securities could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.

Risks Relating to Our Business

If our products become contaminated or are mislabeled, we may be subject to product liability claims, product recalls and increased scrutiny by regulators, any of which could adversely affect our business.

     Refrigerated products are vulnerable to contamination by organisms producing food-borne illnesses. These organisms are generally found in the environment, and, as a result, there is a risk that, as a result of food processing, they could be found in our products. Once contaminated products have been shipped for distribution, illness and death may result if the pathogens are not eliminated by processing at the foodservice or consumer level. Also, products purchased from others for packing or distribution may contain contaminants that we are unable to identify. The risk can be controlled, but not eliminated, by use of good manufacturing practices and finished product testing. We may also encounter the same risks if a third party tampers with our products or if our products are inadvertently mislabeled. Shipment of adulterated products, even if inadvertent, is a violation of law and may lead to product liability claims, product recalls and increased scrutiny by federal and state regulatory agencies, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition. Typically, when we purchase certain products or critical raw materials that we use in production, we require a “certificate of analysis” from the vendor showing that the product is free of certain bacteria. Nevertheless, in mid 2005, as a result of our routine internal product testing, we discovered possible contamination by listeria monocytogenes in three different products, produced on various different dates over a period of 25 days. We immediately recalled a total of 23,435 pounds of these products at a total cost to us of $65,000. The USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service has received no complaints of illness associated with consumption of those products. However, after this event, we instituted a number of further safeguards including testing all critical raw materials ourselves, and purchasing an insurance policy to limit our exposure in the event of product contamination. We cannot assure you, however, that these safeguards will prevent our business, results of operations or our financial condition from being adversely affected by product liability claims, product recalls or scrutiny by regulators in the future.

Volatile agricultural commodity costs could increase faster than we can recover them, which could adversely affecting on our financial condition and operating results.

     Our ability to process and distribute our products depends, in large part, on the availability and affordability of fresh produce. The prices for high quality fresh produce can be volatile and supplies may be restricted due to weather, plant disease and changes in agricultural production levels. Although we have season-long contracts to purchase approximately 90% of our requirements for lettuce and some of our other products, the amount and quality of available produce can vary greatly from season to season, or within a season, and our suppliers may not be able to meet their contractual obligations, particularly during periods of severe shortages. Limitations of supply, or the poor quality of produce available under our season-long contracts, could force us to buy produce on the open market during periods of rapid price increases, thus significantly increasing our costs. We can sometimes pass these higher costs on to customers, but a number of factors, including price increases that are faster or more severe than we anticipate may result in cost increases that we are not able to fully recover. We were particularly adversely affected during the second quarter of 2006 when adverse growing conditions in Southern California reduced the supply of

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lettuce at a time when alternative supplies from other growing regions were not yet available and forced us to buy lettuce on the open market during a period of rapidly rising prices. We maintained customer goodwill by continuing to supply them with lettuce under our sale and supply contracts, though at a cost of significantly reduced gross profit and overall losses in this segment of our business. We expect that such conditions will recur from time to time and may have an adverse effect on our operating results when and if they do occur.

A material disruption at our processing plant could seriously harm our financial condition and operating results.

     We process all of our products at our Moore, Oklahoma plant. Since we do not have operations elsewhere, a material disruption at this plant would seriously limit our ability to deliver products to our customers. Such disruption could be caused by a number of different events, including: maintenance outages; prolonged power failures; equipment failure; a chemical spill or release; widespread contamination of our equipment; fires, floods, earthquakes or other natural disasters; or other operational problems. Any of these events would adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results. In April 2006 we had to shut down the plant for 2 1/2 days due to an ammonia leak. We estimate that this occurrence cost the company approximately $350,000.

A decline in the demand for fresh-cut salads, or in the consumption of refrigerated prepared salads, would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

     The food industry is subject to changing consumer trends, demands and preferences. Medical studies detailing the healthy attributes of particular foods affect the purchase patterns, dietary trends and consumption preferences of consumers. From time to time, weight loss and control plans that emphasize particular food groups have been popular and have affected consumer preferences. Adverse publicity relating to health concerns and the nutritional or dietary value of our products could adversely affect consumption and, consequently, demand for our products. In addition, as all of our operations consist of the production and distribution of processed food products, a change in consumer preferences relating to processed food products or in consumer perceptions regarding the nutritional value of processed food products could significantly reduce our sales volume. A reduction in demand for our products caused by these factors would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

Competition in our industry is intense, and we may not be able to compete successfully.

     The food processing industry is intensely competitive. In the fresh-cut produce business we compete against large national processors, many with production facilities near farms that grow much of the produce supplying the United States markets, regional processors and store based or local processors often referred to as “chop shops.” The national processors have substantially greater financial and other resources than we do and some may enjoy cost advantages in buying produce. If we and other regional competitors increase our market share, the major national processors could respond by offering special pricing promotions aimed at retaining business or seek to acquire or build regional processing capacities, any of which could hamper our expansion plans.

     In the refrigerated prepared salad business we compete against the largest company in this business and smaller regional processors. Our principal competitor has greater financial and other resources than we do. We expect similar competition in other markets in which we may seek to expand.

Managing our growth may be difficult and our growth rate may decline.

     We have rapidly expanded our operations since 2000. This growth has placed, and continued growth will continue to place, significant demands on our administrative, operational and financial resources. This growth may not continue. However, to the extent it continues, we expect it to place a significant demand on our managerial, administrative, operational and financial resources. Our future performance and results of operations will depend, in part, on our ability to successfully implement enhancements to our business management systems and to adapt those systems as necessary to respond to changes in our business. Similarly, our growth has created a need for expansion of our facilities and processing capacity. As we near maximum utilization of our facility or maximize our processing capacity, operations may be constrained, which could adversely affect our operating results, unless the facility is expanded, volume is shifted to another facility, or additional processing capacity is added. Conversely, as we add additional facilities or expand existing operations or facilities, excess capacity may be created. Any excess

13


capacity would add to our overhead burden and also create inefficiencies which would adversely affect our operating results. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully implement our growth plan. If our plan is not successful, we will have incurred significant obligations and ongoing expenses, which we may not be able to service from our existing cash flow.

We rely on major customers.

     None of our customers accounted for 10% or more of our sales in 2004 or 2005. However, seven independent Sysco Foods distributors, represented, in the aggregate, approximately 23% of our sales in 2004 and 24% in 2005 and 11 separate Wal-Mart distribution centers represented, in the aggregate, approximately 8.7% of our sales in 2004, and 9.1% in 2005. Texas-based H.E. Butt Grocery Company, known as “HEB,” is our largest customer for deli salads, accounting for approximately 8.0% and 9.3% of our sales of deli salads in 2004 and 2005, respectively. While we believe that each of these customers is independent, it is possible that a termination of a supply arrangement with any one of these customers could adversely affect our business relationships with related entities. A material decrease in sales to any of our major customers or the loss of any of our major customers would have a material adverse impact on our operating results. In addition, to the extent we add new customers, whether following the loss of existing customers or otherwise, we may incur substantial start-up expenses in initiating services to new customers.

Government regulation could increase our costs of production and increase our legal and regulatory expenditures.

     We are subject to extensive regulation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Department of Transportation and state and local authorities in jurisdictions where our products are processed or sold. Among other things, these regulations govern the processing, packaging, storage, distribution and labeling of our products. Our processing facility and products are subject to periodic compliance inspections by federal, state and local authorities. We are also subject to environmental regulations governing the discharge of air emissions, water and food waste, and the generation, handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste materials. Amendments to existing statutes and regulations, adoption of new statutes and regulations, increased production at our facility as well as our expansion into new operations and jurisdictions may require us to obtain additional licenses and permits and could require us to adapt or alter methods of operations at costs that could be substantial. Compliance with applicable laws and regulations may adversely affect our business. Failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations could subject us to civil remedies, including fines, injunctions, recalls or seizures, as well as possible criminal sanctions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Seizure of our workers, strikes, changes in immigration law or increased labor costs could adversely affect our business.

     As of June 30, 2006, we had approximately 515 employees, none of whom are unionized. We believe that a substantial number of our factory workers are Mexican immigrants. Though we require all workers to provide us with social security numbers or other documentation showing that they can be legally employed in the United States, some of our workers may, without our knowledge, be illegal immigrants. Illegal immigrants are subject to seizure and deportation. If any of the immigration reform bill approved by the U.S. Senate in May 2006, or the immigration bill approved by the U.S. House of Representatives in December 2005, or a new immigration bill combining provisions from both, becomes law, its effect on our work force is unpredictable. While we consider our relations with our employees to be good, any material labor disruption, as a result of seizure of our workers, strikes or changes in immigration law, or significantly increased labor costs at our facilities in the future, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

We depend upon the continued services of certain members of our senior management team, without whom our business operations would be significantly disrupted.

     Our success depends, in part, on the continued contributions of our executive officers and other key employees. Our management team has significant industry experience and would be difficult to replace. We believe

14


that the expertise and knowledge of these individuals in our industry, and in their respective fields, is a critical factor to our continued growth and success. We have not entered into an employment agreement with any of these individuals, although we have key officer and life insurance policies in effect with respect to Messrs. Vaughan and Brandt, our President and Chief Executive and Vice President-Operations, respectively. The loss of the services of any of these individuals could have a material adverse effect on our business and prospects if we are unable to identify a suitable candidate to replace any such individual. Our success is also dependent upon our ability to attract and retain additional qualified marketing, technical and other personnel, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to do so.

Our insurance and indemnification agreements may be inadequate to cover all the liabilities we may incur.

     We face the risk of exposure to product liability claims and adverse public relations in the event that the consumption of our products causes injury or illness. If a product liability claim is successful, our insurance may not be adequate to cover all liabilities we may incur, including harm to our reputation, and we may not be able to continue to maintain such insurance, or obtain comparable insurance at a reasonable cost, or at all. We generally seek contractual indemnification and insurance coverage from our suppliers, but this indemnification or insurance coverage is limited by the creditworthiness of the indemnifying party and their insurance carriers, if any, as well as the insured limits of any insurance provided by those suppliers. If we do not have adequate insurance or contractual indemnification available, product liability claims relating to defective products could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and operating results.

The consolidation of and market strength among our retail and foodservice customers may put pressure on our operating margins.

     In recent years, the trend among our retail and foodservice customers, such as foodservice distributors, has been toward consolidation. These factors have resulted in increased negotiating strength among many of our customers, which has and may continue to allow them to exert pressure on us with respect to pricing terms, product quality and the introduction of new products. To the extent our customer base continues to consolidate, competition for the business of fewer customers may intensify. If we cannot continue to negotiate favorable contracts, whether upon renewal or otherwise, with these customers, implement appropriate pricing and introduce new product offerings acceptable to our customers, or if we lose our existing large customers, our potential for profitability could decrease.

Our growth may depend on our ability to complete acquisitions and integrate operations of acquired businesses.

     A portion of the net proceeds of this offering are allocated to, and our growth strategy includes, acquisitions of other businesses. We may not be able to make acquisitions in the future and any acquisitions we do make may not be successful. Furthermore, future acquisitions may have a material adverse effect upon our operating results, particularly in periods immediately following the consummation of those transactions while the operations of the acquired businesses are being integrated into our operations.

     Achieving the benefits of acquisitions depends on the timely, efficient and successful execution of a number of post-acquisition events, including integrating the business of the acquired company into our purchasing programs, distribution network, marketing programs and reporting and information systems. We may not be able to successfully integrate the acquired company’s operations or personnel or realize the anticipated benefits of the acquisition. Our ability to integrate acquisitions may be adversely affected by many factors, including the relatively large size of a business and the allocation of our limited management resources among various integration efforts. The integration of acquisitions may also require a disproportionate amount of our management’s time and attention and distract our management from running our historical businesses.

     In connection with the acquisitions of businesses in the future, we may decide to consolidate the operations of any acquired business with our existing operations or make other changes with respect to the acquired business, which could result in special charges or other expenses. Our results of operations also may be adversely affected by expenses we incur in making acquisitions, by amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets with definite lives and by additional depreciation expense attributable to acquired assets. Any of the businesses we acquire may also have liabilities or adverse operating issues, including some that we fail to discover before the acquisition, and our

15


indemnity for such liabilities may be limited. Additionally, our ability to make any future acquisitions may depend upon obtaining additional financing. We may not be able to obtain additional financing on acceptable terms or at all. To the extent that we seek to acquire other businesses in exchange for our Common Stock, fluctuations in our stock price could have a material adverse effect on our ability to complete acquisitions.

Our debt agreements contain restrictive covenants and our debt obligations are substantial in relation to our assets.

     At June 30, 2006, Vaughan had total assets of $18.7 million and $12.0 million of outstanding indebtedness, consisting of approximately $2.8 million outstanding under a $4.0 million revolving credit facility, which we refer to as the “Credit Facility,” approximately $5.0 million in respect of the Industrial Development Bonds issued by the Cleveland County (Oklahoma) Industrial Authority, approximately $3.3 million outstanding under a term loan secured by a mortgage on our plant and related real property and $900,000 of miscellaneous other indebtedness. Subsequent to June 30, 2006 we borrowed an additional $2.0 million under the Secured Notes and $1.0 million from the underwriter’s representative on an unsecured basis. In addition, at June 30, 2006, we were subject to operating and capital leases requiring approximately $1.6 million in future minimum lease payments. Accordingly, the total amount of our obligations with respect to indebtedness and leases, in relation to our assets, is substantial.

     Some of our debt instruments, including those relating to our Credit Facility require that we comply with certain financial tests and impose certain restrictions on us, including, among other things, restrictions on our ability to incur additional indebtedness, create liens on assets, make loans or investments and pay dividends. These tests and restrictions limit our operating flexibility, limit ability to plan for and react to changes in our business and make us more vulnerable to economic downturns and competitive pressures. Our indebtedness and lease obligations could have significant negative consequences, including:

  • increasing our vulnerability to adverse economic and industry conditions;


  • limiting our ability to obtain additional financing;


  • requiring that a substantial portion of our cash flows from operations be applied to pay principal and interest on our indebtedness and lease payments under our leases, thereby reducing cash flows available for other purposes; and


  • limiting our flexibility in planning for or reacting to changes in our business and the industry in which we compete.

Any of these factors could place us at a possible competitive disadvantage compared to competitors with less leverage or better access to capital resources.

Substantially all of our assets are encumbered by liens, which if foreclosed by our secured creditors would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

     Indebtedness under our Credit Facility is secured by a security interest in favor of the lender in substantially all of our assets, other than real property. Our obligations under a term loan in the principal amount of approximately $3.3 million and our obligations under the Industrial Development Bonds are secured by first and second mortgages on our plant in Moore, Oklahoma. If we were unable to pay our secured obligations when due or otherwise default on our obligations to secured creditors, these creditors could foreclose their security interests or mortgages in our assets. Any foreclosure action by our secured creditors could cause us to seek protection under the federal bankruptcy code which, in turn, would have a material adverse effect on the market value of our Common Stock and could result in the loss of your entire investment in the Units.

16


Risks Related to this Offering

The representative of the underwriters may have a conflict of interest in underwriting this offering.

      Beginning in September 2006, we borrowed an aggregate of $1.0 million from Paulson Investment Company, the representative of the underwriters, pursuant to a non-secured promissory note bearing interest at 10% per annum and payable on the earlier of the first anniversary of the issue date of the note or the consummation of this offering. Because the probability that Paulson Investment Company will be repaid increases significantly if this offering is completed, a decision by Paulson Investment Company to proceed with the offering may be influenced by our indebtedness to it. This possible conflict of interest may affect the exercise of Paulson Investment Company's discretion and judgment as the representative of the underwriters of this offering.

We are controlled by a limited number of stockholders, which will limit your ability to influence key decisions.

     Immediately after this offering, our executive officers and directors will, in the aggregate, beneficially own 50.24% of the issued and outstanding shares of our common stock, or 46.84% if the over-allotment option is exercised in full. As a result, these stockholders will have the ability to exercise substantial control over our affairs and corporate actions requiring shareholder approval, including electing and removing directors, selling all or substantially all of our assets, merging with another entity or amending our articles of incorporation. This de facto control could be disadvantageous to our other stockholders with interests that differ from those of the control group, if these stockholders vote together. For example, the control group could delay, deter or prevent a change in control even if a transaction of that sort would benefit the other stockholders. In addition, concentration of ownership could adversely affect the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for our securities.

As a public company, our administrative costs, including compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, will be significantly higher than they are now, which will make it more difficult for us to be profitable and cash flow positive. Difficulties in complying with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and other legal and accounting requirements applicable to public companies could affect our market value.

     We have never operated as a public company. As a public company, we will incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. In addition, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as new rules subsequently implemented by the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Nasdaq Capital Market, have imposed various new requirements on public companies, including requiring changes in corporate governance practices. Our management and other personnel will need to devote a substantial amount of time to these compliance requirements. Moreover, these rules and regulations will increase our legal and financial compliance costs and will make some activities more time-consuming and costly. New expenses as a result of our being a public company include additional amounts for legal and accounting services, listing fees for Nasdaq and the Boston Stock Exchange, transfer agent fees, additional insurance costs, printing and filing fees, fees for investor and public relations and compensation payable to non-employee directors. For example, we expect the application of these rules and regulations to our company will make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance.

     In particular, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures. Commencing in 2007, we will be required to perform system and process evaluation and testing of our internal control over financial reporting to allow management to report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Beginning in 2008, our independent registered public accounting firm will be required to evaluate and test our internal control over financial reporting, and to issue an opinion on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Our testing, or the subsequent testing by our independent registered public accounting firm, may reveal deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses. Our compliance with Section 404 will require that we incur substantial accounting expense and expend significant management time on compliance-related issues. We currently do not have an internal audit group, and we will evaluate the need to hire additional accounting and financial staff with appropriate public company experience and technical accounting knowledge. If we are not able to comply with the requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner, or if we or our independent registered

17


public accounting firm identifies deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses, the market price of our stock could decline and we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Boston Stock Exchange or other regulatory authorities, which would require additional financial and management resources. In addition, if we are unable to meet filing deadlines for reports required by the Securities Exchange Act, our securities could be delisted from the Nasdaq Capital Market or the Boston Stock Exchange. If our securities were delisted from both exchanges, trading, if any, in our securities would be conducted in the over the counter market on the NASD’s “OTC Bulletin Board.” Consequently, the liquidity of our securities could be impaired.

If we do not maintain an effective registration statement or comply with applicable state securities laws, you may not be able to exercise the warrants.

     In order for you to be able to exercise the warrants included in the units, the underlying shares must be covered by an effective registration statement and qualify for an exemption under the securities laws of the state in which you live. We cannot assure you that we will continue to maintain a current registration statement relating to the offer and sale of the Class A and Class B warrants included in the units and the common stock underlying these warrants, or that an exemption from registration or qualification will be available throughout their term. This may have an adverse effect on the demand for the warrants and the prices that can be obtained from reselling them.

The warrants may be redeemed on short notice. This may have an adverse impact on their price.

     We may redeem the Class A and Class B warrants for $0.25 per warrant on 30 days’ notice at any time after the specific redemption conditions in the respective warrants have been satisfied. If we give notice of redemption, you will be forced to sell or exercise your warrants or accept the redemption price. The notice of redemption could come at a time when it is not advisable or possible for you to exercise the warrants or a current prospectus or exemption from registration or qualification does not exist. As a result, you would be unable to benefit from owning the warrants being redeemed.

Future sales or the potential for sale of a substantial number of shares of our common stock could cause the trading price of our common stock and unit warrants to decline and could impair our ability to raise capital through subsequent equity offerings.

     Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public markets, or the perception that these sales may occur, could cause the market price of our stock to decline and could materially impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. Once this offering is completed, we will have 10,400,000 shares of common stock issued and outstanding and will have approximately an additional 15,800,000 million shares of common stock reserved for future issuance as follows:

  • 10,400,000 shares in the aggregate underlying the Class A and Class B warrants (including the warrants held by the holders of the Secured Notes);


  • 2,250,000 shares underlying the over-allotment option, including the shares underlying the Class A and Class B warrants included in the units underlying that option;


  • 1,500,000 shares underlying the representative’s warrant, including the shares underlying the Class A and Class B warrants included in the representative’s warrants; and


  • 1,650,000 shares reserved for issuance under our stock option plan.

     The common stock included in the units sold in this offering as well as the common stock underlying the warrants, other than those shares held by “affiliates,” as defined by the rules and regulations promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the “Securities Act,” will be freely tradable without restriction. We have agreed to register for resale promptly after the closing of this offering all of the securities included in the units that will be issued to the holders of the Secured Notes, which include 200,000 shares of common stock, 200,000 Class A warrants, 200,000 Class B warrants and 400,000 shares of common stock underlying those warrants (assuming an initial public offering price of $5.00 per unit). Finally, upon the expiration of the one-year “lock-up” agreements to

18


be signed by all of our existing stockholders approximately 5,400,000 unregistered shares will be freely tradeable subject to the timing and volume limitations set forth in Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act.

The existence of outstanding options and warrants may impair our ability to obtain additional equity financing.

     The existence of outstanding options and warrants may adversely affect the terms at which we could obtain additional equity financing. The holders of these options and warrants have the opportunity to profit from a rise in the value or market price of our common stock and to exercise them at a time when we could obtain equity capital on more favorable terms than those contained in these securities.

Management has broad discretion over the use of proceeds from this offering. We may use the proceeds of this offering in ways that do not improve our operating results or the market value of our securities.

     We will have broad discretion in determining the specific uses of the proceeds from the sale of the units. While we have general expectations as to the allocation of the net proceeds of this offering, that allocation may change in response to a variety of unanticipated events, such as differences between our expected and actual revenues from operations or availability of commercial financing opportunities, unexpected expenses or expense overruns or unanticipated opportunities requiring cash expenditures. We will also have significant flexibility as to the timing and the use of the proceeds. As a result, investors will not have the opportunity to evaluate the economic, financial or other information on which we base our decisions on how to use the proceeds. You will rely on the judgment of our management with only limited information about their specific intentions regarding the use of proceeds. We may spend most of the proceeds of this offering in ways with which you may not agree. If we fail to apply these funds effectively, our business, results of operations and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected.

We may issue shares of preferred stock in the future, which could depress the price of our stock.

     Our corporate charter authorizes us to issue shares of “blank check” preferred stock. Our board of directors has the authority to fix and determine the relative rights and preferences of preferred shares, as well as the authority to issue such shares, without further shareholder approval. As a result, our board of directors could authorize the issuance of a series of preferred stock that would grant to holders preferred rights to our assets upon liquidation, the right to receive dividends before dividends are declared to holders of our common stock, and the right to the redemption of such preferred shares, together with a premium, prior to the redemption of the common stock. To the extent that we do issue such additional shares of preferred stock, the rights of the holders of our common stock and other securities could be impaired thereby, including, without limitation, with respect to liquidation.

Purchasers in this offering will experience immediate and substantial dilution in net tangible book value.

     The initial public offering price is substantially higher than the pro forma net tangible book value per share of our outstanding common stock. As a result, investors purchasing our units in this offering will incur immediate dilution of $0.73 per share or 14.6%, based on an assumed initial public offering price of $5.00 per share. As a result of this dilution, investors purchasing units from us will have contributed 92.7% of the total amount invested in us but will own only 48% of our outstanding common stock. In addition, the exercise of outstanding options and warrants and future equity issuances may result in further dilution to investors and current stockholders.

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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

     This prospectus contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties relating to future events or our future financial performance. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited, to statements concerning:

  • the anticipated benefits and risks associated with our business strategy;


  • our future operating results and the future value of our common stock;


  • the anticipated size or trends of the markets in which we compete and the anticipated competition in those markets;
  • our ability to attract customers in a cost-efficient manner;


  • our ability to attract and retain qualified management personnel;


  • potential government regulation;


  • our future capital requirements and our ability to satisfy our capital needs;


  • the anticipated use of the proceeds realized from this offering;


  • the potential for additional issuances of our securities;


  • the possibility of future acquisitions of businesses or assets; and


  • possible expansion into international markets.

     Furthermore, in some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “could,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential” or “continue,” the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology. These statements are only predictions. In evaluating these statements, you should specifically consider various factors, including the risks outlined in the Risk Factors section above. These factors may cause our actual results to differ materially from any forward-looking statement.

     Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements.

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RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

Financing Transactions

     In July 2006 we borrowed $2.0 million from 18 accredited investors in the Secured Financing pursuant to 10% Secured Subordinated Promissory Notes, which we refer to as the “Promissory Notes.” The Promissory Notes are repayable on the earlier of June 30, 2007 or the third business day following completion of a public or private financing by Vaughan generating gross proceeds of at least $5 million. The Promissory Notes are secured by a non-recourse pledge of the 60% equity interest in Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens, LP currently held by Mark E. Vaughan and Vernon J. Brandt, Jr., both officers and directors of Vaughan. As added consideration for the purchase of the Promissory Notes, each purchaser will receive that number of equity securities to be issued in this public offering having a value, at the initial public offering price, of 50% of the Promissory Notes purchased by that investor. If we have not completed the required public or private financing by June 30, 2007, but we have repaid the Promissory Notes, the investors will receive an aggregate of 250,000 shares of our common stock. If we have not repaid the Promissory Notes by that time, the investors will receive an aggregate of 500,000 shares of our common stock. Vaughan has agreed to file a registration statement for the resale of the equity securities to be issued to these investors within 60 days following the effective date of this registration statement and will be subject to a late fee of 2% of the original investment amount per month if that registration statement is not filed within the 60-day period or if the resale registration statement has not been declared effective within 60 days after it has been filed (90 days if the financial information in the resale registration statement must be updated) or if after the registration statement has been declared effective it cannot be used in connection with the sale of the covered securities; provided, however, that the amount of the late fee payable to each investor, shall not exceed 10% of the original principal amount of the note purchased by that investor. The investors in the Promissory Notes have agreed to execute a lockup agreement containing the same terms and conditions as those to which Vaughan’s officers, directors and 5% stockholders are subject. In connection with the Promissory Notes, Vaughan agreed to pay Paulson Investment Company a fee of 8% of the gross proceeds and to reimburse Paulson Investment Company for expenses incurred by it in connection with the Secured Financing up to a maximum of $10,000.

     Commencing in September 2006 Vaughan borrowed an aggregate of $1.0 million from Paulson Investment Company, pursuant to a non-secured promissory note bearing interest at 10% per annum and payable on the earlier of the first anniversary of the issue date of the note or the consummation of this offering.

     Acquisition of Allison’s

     Immediately prior to the closing of this offering, pursuant to agreements dated in June 2006, we will acquire from Mark Vaughan and Vernon J. Brandt, Jr., for nominal consideration, 60% of the limited partnership interest in Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens, a limited liability partnership, and also acquire from Herbert Grimes and Stan Gustas the remaining 40% of the limited partnership interests and the general partnership interest in Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens for $2,500,000 and common stock valued at $1,000,000, when the shares are valued at the Unit price in this offering. Mark Vaughan, Vernon J. Brandt, Jr., and Stan Gustas are President and Chief Executive Officer, Vice President of Operations and Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Vaughan, respectively, and Herbert Grimes is President and Chief Executive Officer of Allison’s.

     Acquisition of Wild About Food

     Allison’s acquired the assets and related real estate and assumed certain liabilities of Wild About Food, Inc., a Texas corporation, and formed Wild About Food-Oklahoma, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, on June 1, 2006. Wild About Food produces fresh soups, stews, sauces and side dishes. The prepared foods are distributed to restaurants, food service and retail customers. The purchase price was comprised of a down-payment of $6,000; the assumption of a note payable in the amount of $154,000, contingent payments equal to 75% of operating income during the three year period following the closing up to a maximum of $240,000, and a further contingent payment equal to 75% of operating income in excess of $250,000 during that period. Allison’s also entered into a three-year employment agreement with Mark Stallons, President and majority owner of Wild About Food, Inc. providing for annual compensation of $95,000 plus a bonus of up to 25% of salary contingent on achieving performance criteria.

21


USE OF PROCEEDS

     The principal purposes of this offering are to provide us with capital that will allow us to:

  • expand our existing production facility;


  • acquire the minority interest in Allison’s;


  • build a new facility;


  • pay debt; and


  • increase working capital.

     Assuming a public offering price of $5.00 per unit, after deducting the estimated expenses of this offering, including the underwriting discount of $2,000,000 the representative’s non-accountable expense allowance of $500,000 and other estimated offering expenses of $1,500,000, we estimate that the net proceeds to us from this offering will be approximately $21,000,000. (Non-accountable expenses are expenses incurred by the representative in connection with this offering that are payable out of the proceeds of the offering, but for which it is not required to produce evidence of payment because we have agreed to pay a fixed percentage of the gross proceeds for this purpose.) If the representative exercises the over-allotment option in full, we estimate that the net proceeds of the offering will be approximately $25,207,000.

We expect to use the net proceeds as follows:
           
   
Approximate 
 
Approximate
Use of Proceeds   
Amount 
  Percentage




 
Acquisition of Allison’s      $ 2,500,000    11.5  
Completion of expansion of existing facility    2,200,000    10.1  
Construction of new production facility    3,000,000    13.7  
Repayment of debt, excluding accrued interest    5,000,000    22.9  
Working Capital    8,300,000    41.8  




Total    $ 21,000,000    100 % 





     Acquisition of Allison’s. Immediately prior to the closing of this offering, pursuant to agreements dated June 2006, we will acquire from Mark Vaughan and Vernon J. Brandt, Jr., for nominal consideration, 60% of the limited partnership interests in Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens, and also acquire from Herbert Grimes and Stan Gustas the remaining 40% of the limited partnership interests and the general partnership interest in Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens for $2,500,000 and a number of shares equal to $1.0 million divided by the initial public offering price of the units. Mark Vaughan, Vernon J. Brandt, Jr., and Stan Gustas are President and Chief Executive Officer, Vice President of Operations and Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Vaughan, respectively, and Herbert Grimes is President and Chief Executive Officer of Allison’s.

     Completion of expansion of existing facility. We are currently building a 40,000 sq. ft. extension of our existing plant at Moore, Oklahoma for use by our Allison’s division. We expect to use $2,200,000 of the proceeds from this offering to complete this extension and purchase new equipment that will increase our capacity to produce refrigerated prepared salads, and enable us to develop new prepared products, including soups, dressings and cooked/chilled items.

     Construction of new production facility. We plan to build one or more production facilities to serve areas outside of our current primary marketing area. The exact location and number of new regions and new facilities will depend on further availability of mortgage and construction financing, business opportunities and strategic

22


relationships. The estimated amount of $3,000,000 includes the estimated cost of construction (or possible acquisition) and equipment for one or more new production facilities in contiguous or other marketing areas.

     Repayment of debt

     We will use $5 million of the proceeds of this offering to pay the following debt:

  • $2.0 million to pay the principal of the Secured Notes due on the earlier of June 30, 2007 or the closing of this offering, and bearing interest at 10% per annum


  • $1.0 million to pay the principal of the unsecured note due on the earlier of the first anniversary of its issuance or the closing of this offering and bearing interest at 10% per annum


  • $2.0 million to partially pay our line of credit from Bank of the West

     Interest on the above loans from their inception date through the date of payment will be paid from our working capital. The above loans were used to continue work on the building of the addition to our existing facility, to pay certain expenses of this offering and to provide us with additional working capital.

     Working Capital. This amount includes working capital required for general corporate purposes, including broadening our product line, increasing marketing expenditures and constructing or acquiring processing facilities or related businesses in marketing regions outside the area which we currently serve. Working capital may also be used to support new production facilities until they generate positive cash flow. If the underwriter exercises the over-allotment option, we will add the additional net proceeds of approximately $3,750,000 to our working capital.

     The above information represents our best estimate of our capital requirements based upon the current status of our business. We will retain broad discretion in the allocation of the net proceeds within the categories listed above. The amounts actually expended for these purposes may vary significantly and will depend on a number of factors, including our rate of revenue growth, cash generated by operations, evolving business needs, changes in demand for our services, the cost to construct new facilities, our marketing efforts, competitive developments, new strategic opportunities, cost of materials, general economic conditions and other factors that we cannot anticipate at this time.

     Pending their use, we intend to invest the net proceeds of this offering in interest-bearing, investment grade securities.

     We expect that the net proceeds from this offering, when combined with the proceeds of other financing transactions and operations, will be sufficient to fund our operations and capital requirements for at least 12 months following this offering. We may be required to raise additional capital through the sale of equity or other securities sooner if our operating assumptions change or prove to be inaccurate. We cannot assure you that any financing of this type would be available. In the event of a capital inadequacy, we would be required to limit our growth and the expenditures described above.

DIVIDEND POLICY

     We do not intend to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future. We intend to retain any future earnings for use in the operation and expansion of our business. Any future decision to pay dividends on common stock will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will be dependent upon our fiscal condition, results of operations, capital requirements and other factors our board of directors may deem relevant.

23


CAPITALIZATION

     The following table sets forth our capitalization as of June 30, 2006 on an actual basis (after adjustment for a stock dividend of 6,249 shares for each share of common stock), on a pro forma basis and pro forma as adjusted for this offering. The pro forma data takes into account:

  • The acquisition of all interests in Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens and the issuance of 200,000 (estimated) shares of common stock to the owners of the minority interests in Allison’s as partial payment for their interests;


  • The increase in our authorized capitalization to 50,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $.001 per share and 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $.001 per share.


  • A stock dividend of 6,249 shares for each share of common stock;


  • The issuance of 200,000 shares, 200,000 Class A warrants and 200,000 Class B warrants included in the units that we will issue to holders of the Secured Notes on the date of this prospectus (based on an assumed initial public offering price of $5.00 per unit).

     The pro forma as adjusted data also take into account our receipt of $21,000,000 of estimated net proceeds from this offering and our use of approximately $2,650,000 of the proceeds to pay certain of our indebtedness (see “Use of Proceeds.)

   
June 30, 2006 









   
Pro forma, 
   
Actual
Pro forma 
as adjusted 



     


     


   
(in thousands) 
 
 
Long term debt including capital lease obligation, net of current portion   
$
9,046     9,928   
$
9,928 
 
Stockholders’ equity:             
     Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized,             
               no shares issued and outstanding , actual pro forma and as adjusted 
  -     -    - 
 
     Common stock, $0.001 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized; 5,000,000             
               shares issued and outstanding actual, 5,400,000 pro forma; and 
           
     10,400,000 shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted    5     5    10 
     Additional paid-in capital    411     411    21,405 
 
     Retained earnings (deficit)     (258 )    1,359    1,359 







           Total stockholders’ equity    158    
$
1,804   
$
22,804 







 
           Total capitalization   
$
9,139    
$
11,732   
$
32,732 








DILUTION

     If you purchase units in this offering, your interest will be diluted to the extent of the excess of the public offering price per share of common stock over the as adjusted net tangible book value per share of common stock after this offering. Net tangible book value per share represents the amount of our total tangible assets reduced by the amount of our total liabilities, divided by the total number of shares of common stock outstanding. For purposes of the dilution computation and the following tables, we have allocated the full purchase price of a unit to the shares of common stock included in the unit and none to the warrants.

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     At June 30, 2006, we had a pro forma net tangible book value of approximately $1,233,360, or approximately $0.23 per share based on 5,400,000 shares issued and outstanding on a pro forma basis. After taking into account the estimated net proceeds from this offering of $21,832,000, our net tangible book value at June 30, 2006 would have been approximately $23,055,360, or $4.27 per share. This represents an immediate increase of $4.04 per share to existing stockholders and immediate dilution of $0.73 per share, or 15%, to the new investors who purchase units in this offering. The following table illustrates this per share dilution:

Assumed initial public offering price per share          $  5.00 
Net tangible book value per share at June 30, 2006      $0.23        
             
Increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to new investors        4.04        
               


Net tangible book value per share after the offering            4.27 


Dilution per share to new investors          $  0.73 



     The following table summarizes as of June 30, 2006 the differences between the existing stockholders and the new investors with respect to the number of shares purchased, the total consideration paid and the average price per share paid:

                       
   
Shares Purchased
Total Consideration
Average




Price Per
   
Number
 
Percent
 
Amount
 
Percent
 
Share


     

     
     

     

 
Founders, executive                     
officers and                     
directors(1)    5,000,000     48.1 %    415,993    1.6 %    $0.08  
 
 
Other existing                       
stockholders(2)    400,000     3.8 %    285,714    1.1 %   
$0.71
 
New investors    5,000,000     48.1 %    25,000,000    97.3 %    $5.00 (3) 







Total    10,400,000 (4)    100 %    25,701,707    100 %     









(1)      Includes shares owned by Mark Vaughan and Vernon J. Brandt.
 
(2) Includes (i) 200,000 shares of common stock underlying the units to be issued to the holders of the Secured Notes on the date of this prospectus, assuming an initial public offering price of $5.00 per unit; and (ii) 200,000 shares issued on the date of this prospectus to Herbert Grimes and Stan Gustas in partial payment for their minority interests in Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens. The actual number of units that will be issued to the holders of the Secured Notes will depend on the actual initial public offering price of the units.
 
(3) Based on an initial public offering price of $5.00 per unit.
 
(4) Does not include any shares underlying unexercised warrants and options.

     If the representative exercises the over-allotment option in full, the new investors will purchase 5,750,000 shares of common stock. In that event, the gross proceeds from this offering will be $28,750,000, representing

25


approximately 97.6% of the total consideration for 51.8% of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding, and the dilution to new investors would be $2.67 per share, or 53.4% .

SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

     The selected consolidated financial data set forth below should be read together with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included elsewhere in this prospectus. The consolidated statement of operations data for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2005, and the consolidated balance sheet data dated December 31, 2005 are derived from our financial statements, which have been audited by Cole & Reed, P.C. certified public accountants, and are included elsewhere in this prospectus. The consolidated statement of operations data for the years ended Deceber 31, 2002 and 2001 and the six-month periods ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 and the consolidated balance sheet data at June 30, 2006 are derived from our unaudited financial statements The unaudited financial statements have been prepared on substantially the same basis as the audited financial statements and, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair presentation of the results of operations for these periods. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected in the future.

Vaughan Foods, Inc.
Consolidated statement of operations data:
(in thousands)
     
Six months ended
     
Years ended December 31,
June 30, 















     
(Unaudited) 
(Unaudited)



     
2001 
2002
2003
2004
2005
2005
2006

       

     

     

       

       

     


 
Net sales    $  18,997    $  23,119     $  29,369     $  36,133     $ 44,730     $ 22,331     $  26,318  
Cost of sales      13,841      18,732       24,967       29,903     37,976     18,551       23,174  

 





 

 




Gross profit      5,156      4,387       4,402       6,230     6,754     3,780       3,144  
Selling, general and                                       
administrative expenses      5,047      2,916       3,891       5,387     6,431     3,516       3,515  

 





 

 




 
Income from operations      21      1,471       511       843     323     264       (371 ) 
Other income (expense)      -      (95 )      (272 )      (308 )    (724 )    (368 )      (327 ) 

 





 

 




 
Earnings (loss) before                                       
provision for taxes      21      806       240       534     (401 )    (103 )      (697 ) 
Income tax expense (benefit)     
- 
    154       71       192     (160 )    (30 )      (249 ) 

 





 

 




 
Net earnings (loss)    $  21    $  652     $  168     $  342     $ (241 )   
$
(73 )    $  (448 ) 







 

 



Net earnings (loss) per share                                         
– basic and diluted    $  0.00    $  0.13     $  0.03     $  0.07     $ (0.05 )    $ (0.01 )    $  (0.09 ) 
Weighted average number of                                       
shares outstanding – basic                                       
and diluted      5,000      5,000       5,000       5,000     5,000     5,000       5,000  

_________________________________________
Financial information relating to Wild About Food, Inc. is reflected in financial information relating to Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens only subsequent to the date of its acquisition in 2006, but not in any pro forma financial information for prior periods.

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Consolidated balance sheet data:                         
(in thousands) 
                   
June 30, 2006
       
                December 31, 2005   
(Unaudited)
       



 
 
    Current assets         
$
4,370  
$
5,908          
    Working capital (deficit)        (2,480 )    ( 3,673 )         
    Total assets            16,970     18,785          
    Total current liabilities        6,850     9,581          
    Total long-term liabilities        9,514     9,046          
    Stockholders’ equity        606     158          
 
 
Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens                           
 
Statement of operations data:                           
(in thousands) 
     
Years ended December 31,
Six months ended June 30, 
     
2003 
2004 
2005 
2005
2006 














     
(Unaudited) 
 
Net sales   
$ 
3,382        $  9,173        $  13,111       
$ 
7,062         $  8,627 
Cost of sales   
2,602      6,951      9,845   
5,324       6,714 

 



 
Gross profit   
780      2,222      3,265   
1,738       1,913 
Selling, general and administrative                 
       
     expenses   
664      1,608      2,356   
1,212       1,486 

 



 
Income from operations   
117      614      909   
526       427 
Interest expense   
16      32      11   
13       40 

 



 
Net income (loss)   
$ 
101    $  583    $  898   
$ 
513     $  387 







Consolidated balance sheet data: 
           
(in thousands) 
            June 30, 2006 
      December 31, 2005    (Unaudited) 
     
 
 
 
                               Current assets    $  1,842    $  2,915 
                               Working capital      612         464 
                               Total assets      2,822      4,978 
                               Total current liabilities      1,229      2,451 
                               Total long-term liabilities      205         882 
                               Partners’ capital      1,388      1,646 

27


MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

     THE FOLLOWING DISCUSSION SHOULD BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND THE NOTES TO THOSE STATEMENTS APPEARING ELSEWHERE IN THIS PROSPECTUS. THIS DISCUSSION MAY CONTAIN FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS THAT INVOLVE RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES. ACTUAL RESULTS MAY DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE INDICATED IN FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS.

Vaughan Foods

Overview

     We were founded in 1989 to provide fresh-cut produce to customers in the 12-state marketing area within a 500-mile radius of Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. The marketing area is largely determined by the short shelf life of fresh-cut products and, to a lesser extent, by the cost of refrigerated shipping.

     By the end of 2002 our sales had grown to $23 million. However, value-added products were limited and gross profit margins were small, ranging from 15.1 to 17.2% during the last three fiscal years. Commencing in 2002, we began to expand our operations into a more diverse line of refrigerated foods, in order to provide opportunities for greater profit margins. First, we added a limited number of refrigerated prepared salads. In March 2003, three of our officers, together with Herb Grimes, co-founded Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens, Ltd., to process a line of refrigerated prepared salads for retail outlets and our historical food service customers. Typically, Allison’s products generate higher gross profit margins ranging from 23.1% to 24.9% during the last three fiscal years. In addition, Allison’s is integrated with our operations and uses our production facility in Moore, Oklahoma and our distribution network, including our fleet of tractors and trailers. Allison’s also uses our fresh-cut produce in its refrigerated prepared salads and shares certain office, managerial and other personnel. In addition, we also expanded our fresh-cut line to include more salad mixes to better meet the needs of retail chain store accounts. These salad mixes also typically enjoy higher gross profit margins than salad ingredients sold to food service customers.

     Though our historical business provided only limited margins, it introduced us to an important market of food service accounts, restaurant accounts and retail chains that have significant additional food product needs. Thus, it positioned us to meet some of those needs by expanding our product line, particularly into products providing greater margins, and by broadening the geographic region which we serve. Also, the changing focus of our historical business into products, such as salad mixes and our “Fresh Fixins™” line for the retail market also provides opportunities for increased margins.

     Allison’s acquisition, in June 2006, of the assets of Wild About Food, Inc., a processor of fresh soups, stews, sauces and side dishes, represents our most recent step towards expanding our product line into higher margin products,.

     The largest component of our cost of revenue is the cost of the produce. The prices for this produce can be volatile and supplies may be restricted due to weather, plant disease and changes in agricultural production levels. We seek to protect ourselves against price increases by entering into season-long contracts to purchase approximately 80% of our estimated requirements for lettuce and for 70% to 100% of some of our other agricultural requirements. However, the amount and quality of available produce can vary greatly from season to season, or within a season, and our suppliers may not always be able to provide sufficient quality product, particularly during periods of severe shortages. Often, increases in produce cost can be passed on to customers and sometimes, can even generate wider margins as market resistance to price increases fall. However, lettuce supply problems in the second quarter of 2006 resulted in an approximately $4.6 million increase in cost of sales for the six month period ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005. The additional costs resulted in an operating loss of approximately $371,000 for that period compared to operating income of $264,000 for the same period in the prior year.

28


diminished in volume and quality, at a time when alternative supplies from other growing regions were not yet available.

     We have supply arrangements with twelve separate Wal-Mart distribution centers, representing about 9% of our customer sales, and supply arrangements with several independent Sysco Foods distributors which, in the aggregate, account for approximately 23% of sales. While those Sysco Foods distributors are each independent, it is possible that a termination of a supply arrangement with one could adversely affect business relationships with the others.

     Consolidated operating results are affected to a limited extent by seasonal fluctuations. Sales typically rise due to increased demand during holiday periods and decline in the summer months when schools are not in session.

     Generally, other than fluctuations in certain raw material costs, largely related to short-term supply and demand variances, inflation has not been a material factor in our operations. Inflation is not expected to have a significant impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition since we can generally offset the impact of inflation through a combination of productivity gains and price increases. However, during 2004 and 2005 we experienced significant inflation for key purchased items such as natural gas, diesel fuel and packaging materials which we were unable to fully offset through selective price increases to our customers.

     Forward Buy Raw Product Contracts. We typically enter into substantial purchase obligations covering 80% of our expected requirements for iceberg and romaine lettuce for a six-month advance period and 80% to 100% of our expected requirements for cabbage, onions, peppers and potatoes for three-month to one-year periods. These contracts are with numerous growers in California, Arizona, Colorado, Florida, and Mexico which growing regions supply approximately 100% of our annual produce requirements. Contracts are for a growing season or for periods which vary in length from 6 months to 1 year.

     Commodity Hedging. In order to reduce the impact of changes in commodity prices due to crop failure on our operating results, we have developed a risk management strategy that includes the following elements:

     We have negotiated agreements with certain of our fixed price customers which allow us to raise prices by giving 7 days notice in response to increased commodity prices. The majority of these contracts are with major broad-line foodservice distributor customers who are generally less sensitive to price increases because their customers purchase food products from them on a cost-plus basis.

     We are continuing to transition customers from lower margin lettuce to higher margin, greater value-added specialty products. These products are less sensitive to fluctuations in underlying commodity prices because the raw material component is a smaller percentage of total cost and we generally have the ability to pass on certain cost increases related to our greater value-added products to customers. This transition to greater value-added specialty products has taken place gradually over the past 3 years.

29


Results of Operations Vaughan Foods                        
(in thousands)                           
   
Percentage of Revenue
 















   
Six months ended
   
Years Ended December 31,
June 30 (unaudited)
 









   
2003
2004
2005
2005
     
2006
 

       

     

     




             Net sales    $ 29,369     $  36,133    
$ 
44,730    
$ 
22,288  
$ 
26,318  
                                     
             Cost of sales    85.0 %      82.8 %      84.9 %      83.1 %    88.1 % 
                                     
             Gross profit margin    15.0 %      17.2 %      15.1 %      16.9 %    11.9 % 
                           
             Selling, general and                           
             administrative expenses    13.2 %      14.9 %      14.4 %      15.7 %    13.4 % 
                                     
             Income (loss) from operations    1.7 %      2.3 %      0.7 %      1.2 %    (1.4 )% 
                                     
             Interest expense    1.4 %      1.4 %      2.3 %      2.2 %    1.9 % 
                                     
             Other income (expense)    0.6 %      0.5 %      0.7 %      0.5 %    0.6 % 
                           
             Income (loss) before provision                           
             for taxes    0.8 %      1.5 %      (0.9 )%      (0.5 )%    (2.6 )% 
                                     
             Net income (loss)    0.6 %      0.9 %      (0.5 )%      (0.3 )%    (1.7 )% 


Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2005 and 2004

     Net Sales. Net sales were $44.7 million and $36.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The increase in net sales was due to increased volume and higher prices. The increase in prices reflected higher commodity costs for raw materials, which we were able to pass on, in part to our customers. The higher pricing was principally for lettuce and tomato products. Volume in total pounds sold grew from 54.7 million in 2004 to 64.7 million in 2005, an increase of 18.3% .

     Gross Profit. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2005 increased $524,000 to $6.8 million from $6.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2004. Our gross profit margin was 15.1% of net sales for 2005, compared with 17.2% for 2004. The decrease in gross profit margin was due to higher fuel prices that negatively affected utility, packaging, and transportation costs.

     Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2005 increased $1.0 million, or 18.5%, to $6.4 million from $5.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2004. Selling, general and administrative expenses were 14.4% of net sales in 2005 as compared to 14.9% in 2004. The increase in expenses was caused by the cost to audit the prior 3 years of financial statements, additional legal fees, and the other expenses necessary to prepare the company for a public offering.

     Income (Loss) from Operations. Operating income for the year ended December 31, 2005 decreased $520,000, to $323,000 from operating income of $843,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004, due to the decrease in gross profit margin and increase in expenses described in the preceeding two paragraphs.

     Other Income Other income for the year ended December 31, 2005 increased $138,000, or approximately 76.5%, to $318,000 from $180,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004. This increase is due primarily to increased rental income from Allison’s.

     Interest Expense. Interest expense increased approximately $553,000 in 2005 compared to 2004, reflecting increased debt to expand our processing facility.

     Income Taxes. We had an income tax benefit of $160,000 in 2005 due to the loss before the provision for taxes, but had income tax expense in 2004 of $192,000. Our effective tax rate in 2004 and 2005 was 35.9% and 39.8%, respectively.

30


Comparison of Years December 31, 2004 and 2003

     Net Sales. Net sales were $36.1 million and $29.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The increase in net sales was due to new customers, increased volume to existing customers, and a price increase of our lettuce products. The increase in prices reflected higher commodity costs for raw materials, which we were able to pass on, in part, to our customers. The higher pricing was principally for lettuce and cabbage items which represents over 60% of our sales. Volume in total pounds sold, grew from 47.1 million in 2003 to 54.7 million in 2005, an increase of 16.1% .

     Gross Profit. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2004 increased $1.8 million to $6.2 million, from $4.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. Our gross profit margin was 17.2% of net sales for 2004, compared with 15.0% for 2003. The increase in gross profit margin was due to increased production throughput in our manufacturing process.

     Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2004 increased $1.5 million, or 38.4%, to $5.4 million from $3.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. Selling, general and administrative expenses were 14.9% of net sales in 2004 as compared to 13.2% in 2003. The increase in expenses was caused by additional staffing to expand the business.

     Income (Loss) from Operations. Operating income for the year ended December 31, 2004 increased $332,000, to $843,000 from $511,000 for the year ended December 31, 2003. This increase is due to an increase in food-service business which has a higher margin.

     Other Income. Other income for the year ended December 31, 2004 decreased approximately 15.0%, to $180,000 from $207,000 for the year ended December 31, 2003. This decrease is due to adjustments to rent paid by Allison’ Gourmet Kitchens for additional plant space.

     Interest Expense Interest expense increased approximately $80,000 in 2004 compared to 2003, reflecting increased debt for manufacturing equipment.

     Income Taxes Our effective tax rate was 35.9% in 2004 compared to 29.7% in 2003. The increase in the effective tax rate for 2004 was related to decreased tax credits.

Comparison of six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005

     Net Sales Net sales were $26.3 million and $22.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The increase in net sales was due to increased volume related to new customers and an increase in prices. The increase in prices reflected higher commodity costs for raw materials, which we were able to pass on, in part, to our customers. The higher pricing was principally for lettuce, tomato and onion items. Volume in total pounds sold, grew from 37.6 million in the six months ended June 30, 2005 to 32.9 million in the six months ended June 30, 2006, an increase of 14.3% .

     Gross Profit Gross profit for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 decreased $647,000 to $3.1 million in the six months ended June 30, 2006 from $3.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005. Our gross profit margin was 11.9% of net sales for the six months ended June 30, 2006, compared with 16.9% for the six months ended June 30, 2005. The decrease in gross profit margin was due to increased costs associated with poor lettuce yields.

     Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2006 remained constant at $3.5 million. Selling, general and administrative expenses were 13.4% of net sales in the six months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to 15.7% in the six months ended June 30, 2005. Expenses remained the same in dollars as volume increased.

     Income (Loss) from Operations. Income from operations for the six months ended June 30, 2006 decreased $635,000 to a loss from operations of $371,000 from operating income of $264,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2005.

31


This decrease is due to lower lettuce yields related to crop failure and an ammonia leak which shut the plant down for two days.

     Other Income. Other income for the six months ended June 30, 2006 increased $45,000 or approximately 38% to $162,000 from $117,000 for the year six months ended June 30, 2005. This increase is due to additional rent income from Allison’s.

     Interest Expense. Interest expense increased $6,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2005, reflecting a slight increase in debt.

     Income Taxes. Our effective tax rate in the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2005 was higher as a result of tax loss carry-forwards


Liquidity and Capital Resources

     Historically, we have financed our liquidity requirements through internally generated funds, senior bank borrowings and the issuance of other indebtedness. We believe such sources remain viable financing alternatives to meet our anticipated needs. Our investments in facilities and equipment have been a significant use of capital. We plan to continue to invest in advanced production facilities to enhance our competitive position.

     Cash used by operating activities was $228,000 for the year ended December 31, 2005, compared to cash provided by operations of $1.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2004. The decrease in our operating cash flow was primarily attributable to a decrease in net earnings, an increase in accounts receivable and a decrease in accounts payable. Cash flow provided by operating activities was $1.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 compared to $487,000 for the year ended December 31, 2003. The increase in our cash flow provided by operating activities was attributable to an increase in earnings and an increase in accounts payable. Cash provided by operating activities was $574,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to cash used in operating activities of $976,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2005. This was a result of an increase of accounts payable.

     We are obligated to meet certain covenants under our long-term debt. Under the most onerous of these it is required to:

  • maintain a debt service coverage ratio of 1.50 to 1.00. The ratio will be reported to the Trustee and beneficial owners of the Industrial Development Bonds quarterly for each of the previous four quarters. If the debt service coverage ratio reported for each of four consecutive quarters is less than 1.50 to 1.00 we could be required to retain a consultant at the request of our revenue bond holders. No consultant has been retained even though the ratio has fallen below the requirement. For the six months ended June 30, 2006 our debt service coverage ratio was 1.07 to 1.00.


  • maintain a current ratio of 1.10 to 1.00 calculated as of the last day of each calendar quarter beginning after January 1, 2006. As of June 30, 2006, our current ratio is 0.62 to 1.00.


  • maintain a debt to equity ratio of not more than 4.00 to 1.00 calculated as of the last day of each calendar quarter beginning after January 1, 2006. As of June 30, 2006 our debt to equity ratio is 174 to 1.00.


  • have not more than 10% of its accounts payable in excess of 75 days past due. We are in compliance with this covenant as of June 30, 2006.


  • have not more than 20% of its accounts receivable in excess of 90 days past due. We are in compliance with this covenant as of June 30, 2006.

32


     Noncompliance with the debt service coverage ratio, the current ratio, or the debt to equity ratio will not be considered an event of default under the terms of the agreement. Noncompliance with the above ratios results in an increase in the interest rate on each of the Bonds of 1% in total until we are in compliance with the required ratios.

     Net long-term capital lease obligations total $649,000 at December 31, 2005, compared to $806,000 at December 31, 2004. At June 30, 2006, net long-term capital lease obligations totaled $569,000. These obligations consist of various equipment leases at various fixed rates, secured by related equipment. Payment terms and maturity dates vary from lease to lease.

     The principal payment requirements on our long-term debt and our capital lease obligations at December 31, 2005 range from approximately $690,000 in 2006 to $527,000 in 2010 for long term debt and $163,000 to $92,000 for capital lease obligations and aggregate $9.4 million for long-term debt and $812,000 for capital lease obligations until maturity as follows:

 Year Ending   
Capital Lease 
 December 31,   
Long-Term Debt 
          
Obligation 
          
Total 
       2006   
$ 
690,308   
$
162,804   
$
853,112 
       2007   
626,834    169,118    795,952 
       2008   
534,195    185,168    719,363 
       2009   
712,543    202,748    915,291 
       2010   
527,411    92,303    619,714 
       2011-2028   
6,327,957        6,327,957 
     



     
Principal outstanding at 
 
         
December 31, 2005   
$ 
9,419,248   
$
812,141   
$
10,231,389 





Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

     In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS 150 “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liability and Equity.” SFAS 150 established standards for how an issuer classifies and measures certain financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and equity and requires that an issuer classify a financial instrument that is within its scope as a liability (or an asset in some circumstances). The Company has determined that SFAS No. 150 will not have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.

     In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 151, Inventory Costs – An Amendment of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 43, Chapter 4 (SFAS No. 151). SFAS No. 151 amends the guidance in ARB No. 43, Chapter 4 “Inventory Pricing”, to clarify the accounting for abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and wasted material (spoilage). Among other provisions, the new rule requires that items such as idle facility expense, excessive spoilage, double freight, and rehandling costs be recognized as current-period charges regardless of whether they meet the criterion of “so abnormal” as stated in ARB No. 43. Additionally, SFAS No. 151 requires that the allocation of fixed production overheads to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. SFAS No. 151 is effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005, and will be required to be adopted by the Company effective January 1, 2006. The Company has determined that the adoption of SFAS No. 151 will not have a material impact on its results of operations and financial condition.

     In December 2004, the FASB issued a revision to SFAS 123R (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, which replaces SFAS No. 123 and supersedes APB Opinion No. 25. The revision requires all entities to recognize compensation expense in an amount equal to the fair value of share-based payments granted to employees. The statement eliminates the alternative method of accounting for employee share-based payments previously available under APB Opinion No. 25. The provisions of the statement will become effective for the Company in the fiscal year beginning January 1, 2006 for all equity awards granted after the effective date. The adoption of SFAS No. 123R has not had a material effect on results of operations because there are have been no share-based payments or stock options granted, although the Company has adopted an equity incentive plan.

33


     In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS 153 “Exchanges of Non-monetary Assets, an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29” effective for non-monetary asset exchanges occurring in the fiscal year beginning January 1, 2006. SFAS 153 requires that exchanges of productive assets be accounted for at fair value unless fair value cannot be reasonably determined or the transaction lacks commercial substance. SFAS 153 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

     In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS 154, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, which supersedes APB Opinion No. 20 and SFAS No. 3. SFAS 154 applies to all voluntary changes in accounting principle and requires retrospective application to prior periods' financial statements in accounting principle unless it is impracticable to determine either the period-specific effects or the cumulative effect of the change. Adoption of SFAS 154 is required for accounting changes and error corrections made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. The Company will adopt this new standard effective January 1, 2006. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.


Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens

Overview

     Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens was formed in March 2003 to diversify Vaughan Foods’ commodity fresh-cut produce with higher margin value added refrigerated prepared salads. The company was founded as a limited partnership by Herb Grimes and Mark Vaughan. Four key factors for this start-up were:

  • Vaughan Foods was purchasing high volumes of produce items that are utilized in refrigerated prepared salads.


  • Vaughan Foods had a fleet of refrigerated trucks already in place to implement distribution in the region.


  • Vaughan Foods was already producing a limited line of refrigerated salads and there was adequate space within the current facility to produce approximately 15,000,000 pounds of product annually.


  • Herb Grimes had over 25 years of experience managing businesses in the industry.

     We expanded Vaughan’s 10 existing product lines to 55. This was accomplished by developing marketing programs that are tailored to foodservice and retail grocery chains. The current mix of business is 65% retail with major customers HEB, Brookshires, Ingles, United Supermarkets, Wal-Mart, AWG, and Dillon’s and 35% foodservice with Sysco, Ben E. Keith, Dot Foods, U.S. Foodservice, Labatt, Cash Wa and 20+ other smaller distributors. By the end of 2005 we were at maximum capacity and began construction on an addition to the existing building that will give us the capacity to produce products that can generate sales in excess of $50 million annually.

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Results of Operations Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens
               
   
Percentage of Revenue 
   
Six months ended
   
Years Ended December 31,
June 30,
   
(unaudited)
 














   
2003
     
2004
     
2005
     
2005
     
2006
 










   
(in thousands) 
             Revenue    $ 3,382     $  9,173     $ 13,111     $  7,062     8,627  
             Cost of Revenue    76.9 %      75.8 %    75.1 %      75.4 %    77.8 % 
             Gross profit/margin    23.1 %      24.2 %    24.9 %      24.6 %    22.2 % 
             Selling, general and                         
                     administrative expenses 
  19.6 %      17.5 %    18.0 %      17.2 %    17.2 % 
             Income (loss) from    3.5 %      6.7 %    6.9 %      7.4 %    4.9 % 
                     operations 
                       
             Interest expense    0.5 %      0.3 %    0.1 %      0.2 %    0.5 % 
             Other income (expense)                         
             Income (loss) before                         
                     provision for taxes    3.0 %      6.4 %    6.8 %      7.3 %    4.5 % 
             Net income( loss)    3.0 %      6.4 %    6.8 %      7.3 %    4.5 % 

Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2005 and 2004

     Net Sales. Net sales were $13.1 million and $9.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The increase in net sales was primarily due to an increase in volume and the addition of new customers. Volume in total pounds sold grew from 7.9 million in 2004 to 14.6 million in 2005, an increase of 84.8%.

     Gross Profit. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2005 increased $1.1 million to $3.3 million from $2.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2004. Our gross profit margin was 24.9% of net sales for 2005, compared with 24.2% for 2004. The increase in gross profit margin was due to increased sales related to new customers and price increases to existing customers.

     Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2005 increased $749,000, or 46.6%, to $2.4 million from $1.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2004. The increase in expenses was related to an increase in sales. Selling, general and administrative expenses were 18.0% of net sales in 2005 as compared to 17.5% in 2004.

     Income (Loss) from Operations. Operating income for the year ended December 31, 2005 increased $294,000, or approximately 47.9%, to $909,000 from $614,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004. This increase is due to the sales growth of the business.

     Interest Expense. Interest expense decreased $21,000 in 2005 compared to 2004, reflecting decreased debt reduced from operating income.

     Income Taxes. Because Allison’s is a partnership and not a tax-paying entity, no provision was made for income taxes.

Comparison of Years December 31, 2004 and 2003

     Net Sales. Net sales were $9.2 million and $3.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The increase in net sales was due to new customers, increased volume and higher prices. Volume in total pounds sold grew from 3.1 million in 2003 to 7.9 million in 2005, an increase of 157.1% .

35


     Gross Profit. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2004 increased $1.4 million to $2.2 million from $780,000 for the year ended December 31, 2003. The increase is attributable to an increase in volume. Our gross profit margin was 24.2% of net sales for 2004, compared with 23.1% for 2003.

     Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2004 increased $944,000, or 142.3%, to $1.6 million from $.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. The increase in expenses was a result of sales growth. Selling, general and administrative expenses were 17.5% of net sales in 2004 as compared to 19.6% in 2003.

     Income (Loss) from Operations. Operating income for the year ended December 31, 2004 increased $481,000, or approximately 476.3%, to $583,000 from $101,000 for the year ended December 31, 2003. This increase is due to new business with higher margins.

     Interest Expense. Interest expense increased $16,000 in 2004 compared to 2003, reflecting increased debt for manufacturing equipment.

     Income Taxes. Because Allison’s is a partnership and not a tax-paying entity, no provision was made for income taxes.

36


Comparison of six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005

     Net Sales. Net sales were $8.6 million and $7.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The increase in net sales was due to increased volume related to new customers and an increase in prices. Volume in total pounds sold, grew from 7.2 million in the six months ended June 30, 2005 to 10.5 million in the six months ended June 30, 2006, an increase of 45.8% .

     Gross Profit. Gross profit for the quarters ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 increased to $1.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 from $1.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005. Our gross profit margin was 22.2% of net sales for the six months ended June 30, 2006, compared with 24.6% for the six months ended June 30, 2005. The decrease in gross profit margin was due to increased costs associated with over capacity and the expense of using canned potatoes.

     Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2006 increased $274,000, or 22.5%, to $1.5 million from $1.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005. The increase in expenses was caused by commissions on new sales. Selling, general and administrative expenses were 17.2% of net sales in the six months ended June 30, 2005 as compared to 17.2% in the six months ended June 30, 2006.

     Income (Loss) from Operations. Operating income for the six months ended June 30, 2006 decreased $99,000 or approximately 18.8% to $427,000 from $526,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2005. This decrease was directly related to the use of canned potatoes which we had to purchase to meet production commitments since we did not have sufficient capacity.

     Interest Expense.Interest expense increased $28,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2005, reflecting additional debt for new equipment.

     Income Taxes. Because Allison’s is a partnership and not a tax-paying entity, no provision was made for income taxes.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

     Historically, we have financed Allison’s liquidity requirements through internally generated funds, and the issuance of indebtedness. We believe such sources remain viable financing alternatives to meet our anticipated needs. Our investments in equipment have been a significant use of capital. We plan to continue to invest in advanced production facilities to enhance our competitive position.

     Cash flow provided by operating activities was $1.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2005, compared to $68,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004. The increase in cash flow provided by operating activities was primarily attributable to an increase in net earnings, a decrease in accounts receivable and an increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities. Cash flow provided by operating activities was $68,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004 compared to cash used by operations of $46,000 for the year ended December 31, 2003. The increase in our cash flow provided by operating activities was attributable to an increase in net earnings. Cash flow provided by operating activities was $567,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2005 compared to net cash used in operating activities of $275,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2006. The variance of $842,000 is due to decreased net income for the period of approximately $125,000, increase in accounts receivable of $1.0 million, offset by net increases in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $400,000.

     Allison’s has a $1,000,000 secured bank line of credit, initiated on March 3, 2006, at an interest rate of Wall Street Journal prime plus 0.50%, with an initial rate of 8.00% . Interest is payable on a monthly basis. The line of credit is secured by all of Allison’s assets, including accounts receivable, inventory and equipment and personal guaranties of Herb Grimes and Mark Vaughan. At June 30, 2006 there was $262,000 borrowed under this line of credit. The bank line of credit agreement is subject to certain covenants that Allison’s was in compliance with or has obtained a waiver as of June 30, 2006. At December 31, 2004 and 2005, there were no short-term borrowings on previous lines of credit.

     In addition to the line of credit, Allison’s secured a loan for equipment purchases in the amount of $2,400,000 with the same interest rate as the secured line of credit discussed above. The maturity date of this loan is

37


March 3, 2011. The proceeds of the equipment loan were used to pay off existing debt related to previous equipment purchases and to purchase new equipment, of which some payments had been made as of June 30, 2006.

     Net long-term debt and capital lease obligations were approximately $945,000 and $9,000 at June 30, 2006.

     Annual principal payments to maturity, for long-term debt and capital lease obligations, at December 31, 2005 ranged from approximately $81,000 to $91,000 for long-term debt through 2007 and $54,000 to $69,000 through 2008 for capital leases as follows:

Year Ending 
 
Capital Lease 
December 31, 
 
Long-Term Debt 
          
Obligation 
          
Total 
      
 
   
   
 
     2006 
 
$
91,209   
$
66,719   
$
157,928 
     2007 
 
80,930   
69,559   
150,490 
     2008 
 
   
54,105   
54,105 
     2009 
 
   
   
 
     2010 
 
   
   
 






Principal outstanding at 
 
   
   
 
December 31, 2005   
$
172,139   
$
190,383   
$
362,523 








38


BUSINESS

Overview

     We process and package value-added, refrigerated foods which we distribute to our customers three or more times per week in our fleet of refrigerated trucks and trailers. Distribution is concentrated in the 12-state marketing area within a 500 mile radius of our plant in Moore, Oklahoma, a suburb of Oklahoma City, consisting of all or portions of the states of Arkansas, Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Tennessee and Texas. Our marketing area is largely determined by the short shelf life of our products and, to a lesser extent, by the cost of refrigerated shipping.

     Our principal products fall into two categories: refrigerated prepared salads, such as chicken, tuna, bean and pasta salads, coleslaw and potato salad, and fresh-cut produce, primarily salads and salad mixes. Until the end of 2002 our line consisted primarily of fresh-cut produce which we packaged and sold to food service customers. In 2002, we began to expand our operations into a more diverse line of refrigerated foods, in order to provide opportunities for greater profit margins. First, we added a limited number of refrigerated prepared salads. In March 2003, three of our officers, together with Herb Grimes, a director nominee, co-founded Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens, LLP to process a line of refrigerated prepared salads for retail outlets, as well as our historical food service customers and restaurant chains. These refrigerated prepared salads generate higher gross profit margins than our fresh-cut produce. Allison’s is integrated with our operations. It uses our production facility in Moore, Oklahoma and our distribution network, including our fleet of refrigerated tractors and trailers, and shares certain office, managerial and other personnel. Allison’s also utilizes our fresh-cut produce in making its prepared salads. Also, since 2002 we have been expanding our fresh-cut line to include more salad mixes, packaged to better meet the needs of retail chain store accounts. These salad mixes for retailers also typically enjoy higher gross profit margins than produce sold to food service customers.

     We believe that we are a leading regional supplier of our products within our primary marketing area. We process approximately 1.4 to 1.7 million pounds of fresh-cut, ready-to-eat branded and private label salads every week and produce approximately 70 different salad products in a variety of food service and retail package sizes, including custom vegetable mixes and custom sized packages for our large volume customers. Salads and salad mixes are sold primarily to restaurant chains, food service businesses, institutional users and, to a lesser extent, retail chains while the bulk of our refrigerated prepared salads are sold to grocery store deli departments, food service distributors and regional restaurant chains.

     A substantial element of our growth plan is focused on our higher margin opportunities. In accordance with this plan, in June 2006, Allison’s acquired Wild About Food, Inc., a processor of fresh soup, stews, sauces and side dishes.

Industry Background

     In 2005, the fresh-cut produce industry generated revenues of $10.5 billion in the United States according to the Produce Marketing Association, or the “PMA.” Since 2000, the industry has shown an annual rate of increase of 12.5% according to the PMA. We believe this growth, has been driven primarily by the convenience and efficiency of pre-cut products in the foodservice industry, our principal market for pre-cut produce, and secondarily by population increases and national demographic and social trends favoring the increased consumption of fresh-cut foods such as an aging population focused on health and nutrition issues and growing awareness of the importance of consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables in countering obesity. We believe that these factors, along with increased education regarding food safety programs, are favorable to sustained growth in the industry.

     In the year ended December 31, 2005, refrigerated prepared foods including prepared salads, entrees, sandwiches and chili generated deli sales of nearly $5 billion, an increase of 8.4% over the prior comparable period, according to the ACNeilsen strategic planner. Comparable items sold through food, drug and mass market channels other than WalMart, generated sales of $1.7 billion, an increase of 6.6% over the comparable period

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Growth Plan

     We currently supply only a small part of the demand of our larger clients for our refrigerated prepared salads and freshly cut salad and salad mixes. Our ability to supply our customers’ needs within our existing 12-state marketing area is constrained by the size limitations of our current plant and the limitations of our product line, while we are in the process of expanding. In order to supply the needs of these customers and potential new customers outside of our primary market area, we would need to create other new facilities so that we can continue to deliver the freshest products and maintain our pricing and cost structures. In addition, we believe that our existing customers would buy additional products that we add to our line, such as freshly prepared soups and stews, sauces and dressings, of the type produced by Wild About Food, as well as organic fruits and vegetables, side dishes and preservative free salad kits. Accordingly, we plan to enlarge our business by taking the following steps:

  • Increase productive capacity for refrigerated prepared salads. We are currently building a 40,000 sq. ft. addition to our 108,000 sq. ft. plant in Moore, Oklahoma to be used for refrigerated prepared salads and other prepared products. A new, state-of-the-art potato cook/chill system in that facility will substantially increase output of cooked and chilled potatoes for use in our potato salad products. Other new equipment will enable us to prepare our own dressings and sauces, ingredients that we now purchase. The additional space will also allow us to reorganize our existing plant to increase our capacity for producing salads and salad mixes from approximately 1.4 to 1.7 million pounds per week to approximately 2.2 million pounds per week.


  • Increase utilization of refrigerated delivery capacity. We plan to increase the use of our existing fleet of refrigerated trailers, and new refrigerated trailers purchased with proceeds of this offering, in “back haul” transportation for other shippers.


  • Broaden product line. We plan to broaden the line of products offered both in our existing primary market region and elsewhere through internal growth and the acquisition of complementary businesses. Our acquisition of Wild about Food and its line of freshly prepared soups, stews, sauces and dressing was an initial step in this direction. We believe that the addition of these products as well as organic fruits and vegetables, side dishes, preservative free salad kits and other refrigerated products will enable us to more fully meet the needs of our existing restaurant chain and food service businesses.


  • Broaden market reach. Many of our existing customers operate beyond our primary market area. We believe that we can broaden business with these customers and also add new customers, particularly in the Midwest, by building or acquiring new facilities in contiguous and other marketing areas. We believe that our reputation is known in some surrounding areas and that this should facilitate our geographic expansion.

                   •      Though much of our growth plan is based on internal growth, we also plan, where feasible, to add to our customer base, increase market share, increase our geographic reach, enhance our productive capacity and broaden our product line by acquisition of regional competitors.

     Achieving our growth plans will enable us to spread fixed overhead costs over a larger revenue base and enable us to have a stronger bargaining position in negotiating for raw material supplies. Larger production runs should also help in containing or reducing processing costs, including per unit labor costs. Increased distribution may also permit more efficient use of our truck and refrigerated trailer fleet and facilitate the further development of our “back-haul” and third-party logistics transportation business.

Processing, Packaging and Delivery

     Our fresh-cut produce is processed and packaged in refrigerated production rooms. Vegetables are inspected, defective items are removed and the remaining vegetables are then cut, washed and sanitized in chilled chlorinated water. This washing process helps to increase shelf life and eliminate micro-organisms that might cause food-borne illnesses. Produce is then spin-dried and elevated to an automatic scale and form-fill and seal packaging machine. Finally, finished products are packed in sizes that fit customer’s needs, and boxed to insure that delicate items arrive at the customer's door in good condition. Most items are made to order daily for maximum freshness,

40


shelf-life and quality. Orders are pulled and palletized in a finished goods cooler, with each pallet tagged by customer and contents to assure delivery to the proper destination.

     The degree of freshness of our products is dependent upon distance to market and delivery schedules of our foodservice distributor customers. In order to ensure freshness of product, we operate our own fleet of 23 trucks and 28 fifty-three foot refrigerated trailers, running 55 outbound routes per week. Approximately 70% of the fleet are 2005 models and all are equipped with GPS tracking. Trucks are pre-cooled before being loaded from our refrigerated loading dock. We deliver cut-to-order products three or more times a week, and up to six times a week to foodservice distributors. While our frequent delivery schedule is expensive, we believe that it helps our marketing efforts by emphasizing the freshness and quality of our produce. While transportation costs have been high, we have recently hired a transportation professional to manage our truck fleet and generate offsetting income through backhaul operations, that is, the use of our transportation assets to haul goods for hire on return trips from our customers. To assure freshness to the ultimate consumer, we urge our customers to use first-in/first-out inventory control.

      Following the combination of our fresh-cut produce and refrigerated prepared salad lines, we expect to realize additional efficiencies in buying produce, processing and delivery.

     We observe “Good Manufacturing Practices,” as established by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and we are audited by several independent inspection groups to assure that production operations meet or exceed safety standards. We believe these controls assure our customers of consistently high quality products.

Products

     Fresh-Cut Produce. Our principal products consist of fresh-cut, ready-to-eat, value-added branded salads and salad mixes. We select, process and sell approximately 1.4 to 1.7 million pounds of these fresh-cut products weekly. Products are generally sold in branded packages, including the following:

      Salad Kits    Miscellaneous 
     
  Chicken Caesar Kit    Onions 
  Broccoli Salad Kit    Carrot/Celery Snacks 
  Cole Slaw Kit    Tomatoes 
  Pico de Gallo    Green, Red and Yellow Peppers 
  Cabbage and Onions    Cauliflower/Broccoli Florets 
      Potatoes 
  Salad Mixes    Squash 
  Premium Salad Blend    Turnips 
  Garden Salad Mix    Radishes 
  Shredded Iceberg     
  Garden Salad Mix     
  Chopped Romaine     

     To increase appeal of our products in the retail market we have recently added a “Fresh Fixins®” line, the most important product in which is a grill kit containing a mix of sliced onions and tomatoes, lettuce and other toppings for burgers prepared at home. We believe that expansion of our “Fresh Fixins®” and “Serve Fresh Kits™” line presents an opportunity for further growth of our business with retailers as consumers have become frustrated with the lack of quality and food safety problems with products from store based or local processors, often referred to as “chop shops”.

     Following the offering, we plan to broaden our fresh-cut line to include sliced fruit and organic fruits and vegetables.

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     Refrigerated Prepared Salads. The following are our current refrigerated prepared salad products, packaged in various sizes from bulk to “redi-pack”:

                  No. of Formulations 
     
 
  Potato Salads  16 
  Pasta Salads  8 
  Cole Slaws  3 
  Bean Salads  4 
  Misc. Salads  7 
  Meat Salads  10 
  Desert Salads  8 
  Fruit Salad  8 

     In 2006 we introduced in Wal-Mart fresh salads based upon a component kit that is mixed fresh each day in the store. These kits contain all the components required for a side dish or salad, packed separately. Store personnel make fresh salads and side-dishes as needed throughout the day providing a fresh product with better cost control for the operator and earning a high level of customer satisfaction. The product has been well received by Wal-Mart and others in the retail and food service communities.

     We plan to introduce a line of fresh-prepared dips after completion of our plant expansion later in 2006 and we plan to differentiate this line from its competitors by utilizing as many fresh vegetables as possible. Development of this line has been completed. The line will include spinach, jalapeno, artichoke, cucumber dill and garden vegetable fresh gourmet dips. We also plan to roll-out other fresh-chilled products in 2007. The technology for these products include batch kettle cooking and rapid “Chill After Cook.” This refrigerated fresh-chilled line will include several soups as well as chili, stews and sauces and will be marketed in bulk and packaged form.

     A major ingredient in our refrigerated prepared salads, and also in our salad component kits, is salad dressing. We currently purchase salad dressings from others. However, with the opening of our expanded production facility, we will manufacture dressings for internal use as well as for external sale.

Delivery System and Hauling Services

     We reduce the costs of our delivery system and also generate revenue from our transportation assets by hauling product for others, either by backhauling or Third-Party Logistics (3PL). In backhauling we find freight for our empty trucks at or near the termination points of our own routes, then transport that freight back to the vicinity of our facility. Backhauls produce lucrative “Less-Than-Truckload” rates for our regional business. In 3PL we warehouse and transport other firms’ goods that have similar distribution requirements to our own products. Though lucrative, our 3PL service is limited by insufficient warehouse space. However, our national growth plans call for increased 3PL capability through renting of additional warehouse space and increasing the ratio of refrigerated trailers to trucks.

     We have invested heavily in our delivery system because it is the key element that ties our product lines together. Our products are perishable and have shelf lives ranging from a few days to a maximum of 45 days. To ensure the freshness and quality of our products we distribute them three times per week, or for some large customers, daily, in our own fleet of more than 25 fifty-three foot refrigerated trailers and more than 20 trucks. Our delivery system is flexible and responsive to our customers’ needs and meets the current consumer demand for high quality, fresh food items. Our pattern of frequent delivery also builds strong customer loyalty.

Agricultural and Other Supplies

     We purchase fresh produce from approximately 50 suppliers in five diverse growing regions of California, Arizona, Colorado, Florida and Mexico. Purchasing produce from a number of different growing regions helps keep cost in control and protects our supply chain against adverse growing factors and seasonal variability in production. This supplier and geographic diversity also reduces our risk of shortfalls in supplies due to natural disasters, labor disruptions and other supply interruptions in any one area. We purchase other ingredients for our processed

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refrigerated prepared salad line and packaging material from a limited number of suppliers, but believe that all of these ingredients and other supplies are generally available in the marketplace at competitive prices. To keep costs down and maintain quality we have long-term established relationships with many of our suppliers and purchase an important part of our fresh produce pursuant to seasonal buying contracts. All produce is purchased directly from growers to further ensure consistent supply and quality.

     Our quality assurance department inspects each incoming load to insure that it meets our standards. All raw product is stored in our temperature monitored, refrigerated warehouse prior to use. We track all items from the field to the customer and adhere to a strict first-in/first-out inventory control system.

     We believe that our raw produce costs are higher than those of our major West Coast processor competitors. We are seeking to reduce our costs through coordinated buying programs with other regional processors with quality standards similar to our own. However, we may not be able to reach agreement with these other processors and coordinated buying may not lower our cost of raw produce.

Marketing and Sales

     Fresh-cut produce products are marketed and sold to restaurant chains, food service businesses, institutional users and, to a lesser extent, to retail stores and their suppliers. Refrigerated prepared salads are marketed and sold primarily to grocery store deli departments and food service distributors. We believe that our ability to sell both fresh-cut produce and refrigerated prepared salads will provide cross-marketing opportunities that foster increased sales to restaurant chains and food service customers. Our products are currently provided to approximately 140 end-user recurring revenue accounts throughout the Plains States, Southwest and Southeast. While we are not dependent on any single account, seven independent Sysco Foods distributors represented, in the aggregate, approximately 23% of our sales in 2004 and 24% in 2005. Consistent demand enables us to enter into regular supply contracts with growers, helping to insure consistent sourcing.

     We offer our customers a wide range of ready-to-order quality products in convenient packaging types and sizes. We also provide added value by creating custom vegetable mixes and custom sized produce cuts to fill special needs of large volume customers. Unlike some of our larger national competitors, we can produce and deliver these customized “cut-to-order” fresh-cut products to distributors in less than two days. Our wide product mix enables our distributors to differentiate our products from those of our competitors when selling to their restaurant and institutional accounts.

     In marketing our products we emphasize their freshness and quality. We also highlight our ability to package products in a wide variety of styles and sizes to meet customer demand. We can also quickly satisfy private labeling or recipe requirements, special packaging needs, frequent delivery schedules and can tailor pricing and promotional programs in coordination with customer programs.

     We also promote our products by providing vital educational information to foodservice distributors and their end-user customers. Our marketing materials stress the benefits of fresh-cut produce and emphasize how fresh-cut produce meets the needs of restaurant and institutional food service professionals. We also plan to provide our distributors with information regarding yield and cost comparisons between whole produce and our fresh-cut products, food safety facts obtained from government and research groups, such as the Center for Disease Control, the need for the products which are sanitized of microorganisms that can cause food-borne illnesses and the freshness of our cut-to-order products when compared to those delivered from the West Coast, emphasizing shelf-life at the time of delivery. Proposed additional regional advertising will focus attention on the benefits of a regional fresh-cut processor. We believe that the training, marketing materials and high level of customer support which we provide are important components of our marketing efforts.

     After this offering, we intend to use a portion of our increased working capital to promote increased sales to members of Produce Alliance and Golbon, fresh produce buying groups composed of distributors of fresh produce to the foodservice industry, through direct sales contact, participation in their annual meetings and collaboration in their internal group advertising efforts. While we are currently the only specifically designated supplier of fresh-cut produce for the Golbon group, their distributor members may purchase from other suppliers.

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Competition

     In our fresh-cut produce business we compete against large national processors, including Dole, Del Monte, Taylor Farms and the Fresh Express Division of Chiquita Brands International, regional processors and local “chop shops.” The national processors typically have production facilities on the West Coast near the farms that grow much of the produce that they process. We believe that the national processors may enjoy cost advantages in buying produce. They have significantly greater financial and human resources and, in some cases have established, or are seeking to establish, regional processing facilities outside the West Coast to move closer to their customers. We compete successfully with these processors based upon the quality and freshness of our product, our ability to have speedy delivery within our primary market area and our ability and willingness to configure and package our product to meet the needs of our customers. We compete with our regional processor competitors on the same basis, but also on price. Price and quality are also particularly important in our competition with store based or local processors, often referred to as “chop shops.” If we and other regional competitors increase our market share, the major national processors may offer special pricing promotions aimed at retaining business or seek to acquire regional processors in order to supply a fresher product to local market and gain the other advantages of a local presence. We believe that we can compete sucessfully with all categories of competition.

     In our refrigerated prepared salad business we compete with Reser’s, the largest company in the deli salad business, with Orval Kent Food Company, which operates a processing plant in Baxter Springs, Kansas. We believe we compete successfully on the basis of the quality of our products, our customer service and our record for frequent, on-time, delivery.

     We believe that we have a number of competitive strengths that in combination contribute to our ability to compete with major national and regional processors of fresh-cut produce and refrigerated prepared salads, particularly:

  • Frequent deliveries. We deliver our perishable and short shelf life products three or more times per week. Our frequent deliveries coupled with our assistance to customers on how to handle our products on a “first in – first out” basis insures the freshness of our product to the ultimate consumer.


  • Distribution capability. We operate our own fleet of more than 20 trucks and more than 25 fifty-three foot refrigerated trailers giving us rapid delivery capability and strong logistical control.


  • Diverse and customized products. We offer a diverse range of ready-to-order quality products in convenient packaging types and sizes. We can also deliver customized “cut-to-order” fresh-cut produce to distributors in less than two days.


  • Single source supplier. As a single source supplier of both packaged fresh-cut salads and refrigerated prepared salads, we allow customers the opportunity to consolidate their sources of supply.


  • Diverse sources of supply. In 2005, we purchased from approximately 50 suppliers in five diverse growing regions (California, Arizona, Colorado, Florida and Mexico). This geographic diversity reduces our risk of shortfalls in supplies due to weather, natural disasters, labor disruptions and other supply interruptions in any one area.


  • Broad Customer Base. We currently have a approximately 140 recurring end-user revenue accounts throughout the Plains States, Southwest and Southeast. No customer accounted for more than 10% of sales in 2004 or 2005.

Intellectual Property

     We hold rights to the following United States trademarks:

  • “Fresh Fixins®


  • “Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens and design™”

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  • “Vaughan Foods™”


  • “Serve Fresh Kits™”


  • “Wild About Food and design®

     We believe that brand name recognition and the product quality associated with our brands are key factors in the success of our products. We rely on a combination of trademark, and with respect to our proprietary recipes trade secret laws, to protect our intellectual property rights. We are not currently aware of any material challenge to our ownership of our major trademarks.

Government Regulation

     We are subject to extensive regulation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Department of Transportation and state and local authorities in jurisdictions where our products are processed or sold. Among other things, these regulations govern the processing, packaging, storage, distribution and labeling of our products. Our processing facility and products are also subject to periodic compliance inspections by federal, state and local authorities. We are also subject to environmental regulations governing the discharge of air emissions, water and food waste, and the generation, handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste materials. Amendments to existing statutes and regulations, adoption of new statutes and regulations, increased production at our facility as well as our expansion into new operations and jurisdictions may require us to obtain additional licenses and permits and could require us to adapt or alter methods of operations at costs that could be substantial. Compliance with applicable laws and regulations may adversely affect our business. Failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations could subject us to civil remedies, including fines, injunctions, recalls or seizures, as well as possible criminal sanctions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business. See the Risk Factor on Government Regulation on page 14, above.

     We are licensed under the Federal Perishable Agricultural Commodities Act, or “PACA,” which specifies standards for the sale, shipment, inspection and rejection of agricultural products, governs our relationships with our fresh food suppliers with respect to the grading and commercial acceptance of product shipments. As a licensed commodity supplier under PACA, we are treated as a priority creditor in the event of the bankruptcy of our customers and are entitled to be paid out of PACA trust assets (produce inventory, products derived from that produce and cash and receivables generated from the sale of produce) prior to payments to other general creditors. We are also subject to regulation by state authorities for the accuracy of our weighing and measuring devices.

     The Surface Transportation Board and the Federal Highway Administration regulate our trucking operations. In addition, interstate motor carrier operations are subject to safety requirements prescribed by the U.S. Department of Transportation and other relevant federal and state agencies. Such matters as weight and dimension of equipment are also subject to federal and state regulations. We believe that we are in substantial compliance with applicable regulatory requirements relating to our motor carrier operations. Failure to comply with the applicable motor carrier regulations could result in substantial fines or revocation of our operating permits.

Property

     Our executive offices and plant are located at 216 Northeast 12th Street, Moore, Oklahoma in an 108,238 square foot office, plant and cold storage facility that we own. The facility operates 24 hours a day every day of the year. We are currently constructing a 44,000 square foot addition to our Moore plant which will add processing capacity to our refrigerated prepared salads business. We expect this addition to be operational by October 2006. We also lease, on a month-to-month basis approximately 13,500 square feet of warehouse space near our Moore facility. We own or lease a fleet of more than 20 trucks and more than 25 fifty-three foot refrigerated trailers, which cover a total of 55 outbound routes per week. About 70% of our trailers are 2005 models and all of our trailers are equipped with GPS tracking.

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Employees

     As of June 30, 2006, Vaughan and Allison’s employed 515 people at our Moore, Oklahoma facility, of which 73 are salaried management, 7 are sales and sales support personnel 42 are other and administrative personnel and 393 are hourly wage personnel engaged in production, warehousing and distribution of our products. None of these employees are unionized. From time-to-time, we employ additional personnel on a part-time basis in manufacturing operations. We do not have collective bargaining agreements with respect to any of our employees. We believe that relations with our employees are good.

Legal Proceedings

     As of the date of this prospectus, we are not party to any material pending or threatened legal proceedings.

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MANAGEMENT

Executive Officers and Directors

     The names, ages and titles of our executive officers and directors, as of May 1, 2006, are as follows:

  Name   
Age 
 
Positions 
 
      Mark E. Vaughan   
41 
  President, Chief Executive Officer and a director   
  Vernon J. Brandt   
47 
  Vice President-Operations and a director   
  Stan L. Gustas   
67 
  Vice President and Chief Financial Officer   
  Herbert Grimes   
58 
  President and Chief Executive of Allison’s and a director nominee.   
     
  Marvin Haas   
64 
  director nominee   
  Robert Dillon   
50 
  director nominee   
  Laura J. Pensiero   
39 
  director nominee   

     Mark E. Vaughan Mark Vaughan has served as President, Chief Executive Officer and a director of Vaughan since 1992. He has over 20 years of food processing experience and has directed advances in quality control, food safety, purchasing and manufacturing processes at Vaughan. Mr. Vaughan attended the University of Oklahoma.

     Vernon J. Brandt Vernon (“Butch”) Brandt has served as a Vice President and a director of Vaughan since 1994. He has experience in all areas of food processing, including maintenance, production management, distribution, sales and customer support, and nearly 20 years of experience in the fresh-cut vegetable processing industry. He is a graduate of Long Beach City College.

     Stan L. Gustas – Stan Gustas has served as a Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Vaughan Foods since 1997. Before that he held various management and consulting positions in the food processing industry, including as Group Director of the Beef and Lamb Division of Wilson Foods and Executive Vice President/General Manager of Harris Packing Company. Mr. Gustas has over 40 years of experience in the food processing industry. He is a graduate of the University of Dubuque.

      Herbert GrimesHerb Grimes has served as the general partner of Allison’s since 2003. In 1982, he co-founded Mrs. Crockett’s Kitchens, Inc., formerly known as Mrs. Giles’ Country Kitchens, Inc., and served as its Vice President Sales, Marketing and Research and Television Development until it was acquired by Orval Kent Food Company in 1996. From 1997 to 2000, Mr. Grimes continued to serve as and as Vice-President of Sales, Marketing, Research and Development until the company was acquired by Sky Chef, Inc. in 2002. Mr. Grimes has over 35 years experience in the food processing industry, with the bulk of his expertise in the refrigerated prepared salads business.

      Robert S. Dillon - Robert Dillon is a partner in the certified public accounting firm of Dillon & Associates, P.C. He has provided accounting and consulting services to Vaughan Foods since 1983 and to Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens Limited Partnership since its formation. He is a graduate of the University of Oklahoma and has been a member of the Oklahoma Society of Certified Public Accountants since 1979.

      Marvin I. Haas -- Marvin Haas has over 25 years’ experience in the food business. He was Vice Chairman and Chief Operating Officer of Chock Full O’Nuts Corporation from 1989 to 1993, when he became its President and Chief Executive Officer, and held those positions until its acquisition by Sara Lee Corporation in 1999. He served as consultant to Sara Lee’s retail coffee division from 1999 to 2000. He holds a B.S. degree from Northwestern University and an MBA from its Graduate School of Business.

      Laura J. Pensiero – Laura Pensiero has been the owner and manager of Gigi Trattoria, Rhinebeck, New York since 2001. In 2006 she founded and opened Gigi Market in Red Hook, New York, a year-round farmers’ market, gourmet store bakery and catering site. Since 1992 she has also been the founder and operator of Chef4Life, a nutrition and culinary consulting service promoting healthy eating and since 2005 a chef consultant and member of Just Salad LLC, a

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chain of New York City salad bars and restaurants. She has also served as the nutrition consultant to the Strang Cancer Prevention Center, New York, New York since 2005, and was the culinary coordinator for the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Prevention and Wellness Program, New York, New York, from 1999-2005. She continues to work with Strang’s nationwide Healthy Children, Healthy Future’s initiative. From 1998 to 2004 she was a consultant to the Culinary Institute of America, Hyde Park, New York. She is a co-author of The Strang Cancer Prevention Center Cookbook (2004) and the author of numerous articles on healthful diet and eating and Italian cuisine. She is a graduate of the State University of New York, Plattsburgh (1989), majoring in nutrition and food service management, and of the Professional Culinary Arts Program of The French Culinary Institute, New York, New York (1992).

Committees of the Board of Directors

     The Board has established three standing committees: an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee and a Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee. Each committee will be made up entirely of independent directors.

     Audit Committee. The Audit Committee oversees our accounting and financial reporting processes, internal systems of accounting and financial controls, relationships with auditors and audits of financial statements. Specifically, the Audit Committee’s responsibilities include the following:

  • selecting, hiring and terminating our independent auditors;


  • evaluating the qualifications, independence and performance of our independent auditors;


  • approving the audit and non-audit services to be performed by the independent auditors;


  • reviewing the design, implementation and adequacy and effectiveness of our internal controls and critical policies;


  • overseeing and monitoring the integrity of our financial statements and our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements as they relate to our financial statements and other accounting matters;


  • with management and our independent auditors, reviewing any earnings announcements and other public announcements regarding our results of operations; and


  • preparing the report that the Securities and Exchange Commission requires in our annual proxy statement.

     Following this offering, Mr. Dillon will be chairman of the Audit Committee and the other members of the Audit Committee will be Mr. Haas and Ms. Pensiero. The Board has determined that Mr. Dillon is an “audit committee financial expert,” as that term is defined in Item 401(h) of Regulation S-B, and “independent” for purposes of Nasdaq listing standards and Section 10A(m)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

     Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee assists the Board in determining the development plans and compensation of our officers, directors and employees. Specific responsibilities include the following:

  • approving the compensation and benefits of our executive officers;


  • reviewing the performance objectives and actual performance of our officers; and


  • administering our stock option and other equity and incentive compensation plans.

     Following this offering, the members of the Compensation Committee will be Messrs. Dillon and Haas and Ms. Pensiero.

     Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee. The Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee assists the Board by identifying and recommending individuals qualified to become members of the Board, reviewing correspondence from our stockholders and establishing and overseeing our corporate governance guidelines. Specific responsibilities include the following:

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  • evaluating the composition, size and governance of our Board and its committees and make recommendations regarding future planning and the appointment of directors to our committees;


  • establishing a policy for considering shareholder nominees to our Board;


  • reviewing our corporate governance principles and making recommendations to the Board regarding possible changes; and


  • reviewing and monitoring compliance without code of ethics and insider trading policy.

     Following this offering, the members of the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee will be Messrs. Dillon and Haas and Ms. Pensiero.

     As of the date of this prospectus, we have adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and other persons performing similar functions, as well as all of our other employees and directors. This Code of Ethics will be posted on our website at www.vaughanfoods.com.

Compensation of Directors

Executive Compensation

     Summary compensation. The following table sets forth information regarding compensation awarded to, earned by, or paid to our chief executive officer and our other most highly compensated executive officers whose compensation exceeded $100,000 in 2005 for all services rendered to us in all capacities during the last three completed fiscal years.

Summary Compensation Table1

   
   
            Long-Term 
   
   
            Compensation 
   
   
            Securities 
Name and Principal   
   
      Other      underlying 
Position   
Year 
   
Salary 
  Bonus    Compensation      options 






Mark E. Vaughan, 
 
2005 
 
$
210,082 
$
 
$
 
  $   
President and Chief 
 
2004 
   
184,835 
             
Executive Officer 
 
2003 
   
149,495 
             
                         
                         
Herb Grimes, Managing 
 
2005 
   
236,232 
  98,851   
 
   
 
Partner Allison’s   
2004 
   
158,939 
  90,978   
 
   
 
Gourmet Kitchens   
2003 
   
82,363 
             
 
Vernon Brandt Jr., Vice 
 
2005 
   
140,672 
             
President of Operations 
 
2004 
   
151,600 
             
   
2003 
   
148,135 
             
   
   
             
                         
Roger Clanton, Vice 
 
2005 
   
101,586 
             
President of Sales 
 
2004 
   
97,959 
             
   
2003 
   
94,624 
             

1. The table includes, in the amounts shown for Herb Grimes, compensatory payments consisting of management fees paid by Allison’s to Braxton Management, Inc., the general partner of Allison’s. Mr. Grimes is President of Braxton Management, Inc. The table does not include distributions to the limited partners of Allison’s in respect of their partnership interests.

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Director Compensation

     Compensation of our directors will be determined after all director nominees have assumed their positions on the Board.

Equity Incentive Plan

     In August 2006, our stockholders approved and ratified a Vaughan Foods, Inc. Equity Incentive Plan, or the “Plan,” the purpose of which is to attract and retain the personnel necessary for our success. The Equity Incentive Plan gives our board of directors the ability to provide incentives through grants of incentive and non-qualified stock options to our employees, consultants and directors.

     A total of 1,650,000 shares of our common stock are reserved for issuance under the plan. If an award expires or terminates unexercised or is forfeited to us, the shares underlying the option award become available for further awards under the plan. As of the date of this prospectus, no awards have been made under the Plan.

     The purpose of the Plan is to provide incentives to employees, directors and consultants whose performance will contribute to our long-term success and growth, to strengthen Vaughan's ability to attract and retain employees, directors and consultants of high competence, to increase the identity of interests of such people with those of its stockholders and to help build loyalty to Vaughan through recognition and the opportunity for stock ownership. The Compensation Committee of the Board will administer the Plan and, except as otherwise provided in the Plan, will have complete authority and discretion to determine the terms of awards.

     The following description of the Plan is a summary and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Plan.

Eligibility

     Under the Plan, incentive stock options may be granted only to employees and non-qualified stock options may be granted to employees, directors and consultants.

Term and Amendment of the Plan

     Unless terminated earlier, the Plan and will expire in 2016. Our board may also amend the Plan, provided that no amendment will be effective without approval of our stockholders if shareholder approval is required to satisfy any applicable statutory or regulatory requirements.

Terms of Options

     The Plan permits the granting of both incentive stock options and nonqualified stock options. Generally, the option price of both incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options must be at least equal to 100% of the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant. The maximum term of each option is ten years. For any participant who owns shares possessing more than 10% of the voting rights of Vaughan's outstanding shares of Common Stock, the exercise price of any incentive stock option must be at least equal to 110% of the fair market value of the shares subject to such option on the date of grant and the term of the option may not be longer than five years. Options become exercisable at such time or times as the Compensation Committee may determine at the time it grants options.

Federal Income Tax Consequences

     Non-qualified Stock Options. The grant of non-qualified stock options will have no immediate tax consequences to the Company or the grantee. The exercise of a non-qualified stock option will require an employee to include in his gross income the amount by which the fair market value of the acquired shares on the exercise date (or the date on which any substantial risk of forfeiture lapses) exceeds the option price. Upon a subsequent sale or taxable exchange of the shares acquired upon exercise of a non-qualified stock option, an employee will recognize long or short-term capital gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized on the sale and the tax basis of such shares. Vaughan will be entitled (provided applicable withholding requirements are met) to a deduction for Federal income tax purposes at the same time and in the same amount as the employee is in receipt of income in connection with the exercise of a non-qualified stock option.

     Incentive Stock Options. The grant of an incentive stock option will have no immediate tax consequences to Vaughan or its employee. If the employee exercises an incentive stock option and does not dispose of the

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acquired shares within two years after the grant of the incentive stock option nor within one year after the date of the transfer of such shares to him (a "disqualifying disposition"), he will realize no compensation income and any gain or loss that he realizes on a subsequent disposition of such shares will be treated as a long-term capital gain or loss. For purposes of calculating the employee's alternative minimum taxable income, however, the option will be taxed as if it were a non-qualified stock option.

Pension Plans

     We do not maintain any defined benefit pension or retirement plans for our executive officers, directors or employees.

Limitations of Directors’ Liability and Indemnification

     Our certificate of incorporation provides that a director will not be personally liable to us or to our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of the fiduciary duty of care as a director, including breaches which constitute gross negligence. This provision does not eliminate or limit the liability of a director:

  • for any breach of the director's duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders


  • for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law


  • under Section 1053 of the Oklahoma General Corporation Act


  • for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit

     Our certificate of incorporation also provides that we indemnify and hold harmless each of our directors and officers to the fullest extent authorized by the Oklahoma General Corporation Act, against all expense, liability and loss (including attorney's fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes or penalties and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement) reasonably incurred or suffered by such person in connection therewith.

     Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons pursuant to our certificate of incorporation, Bylaws and the Delaware General Corporation Law, we have been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.

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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

     Immediately prior to the closing of this offering, pursuant to agreements dated May and June 2006, we will acquire from Mark Vaughan and Vernon J. Brandt, Jr., for a nominal consideration, 60% of the limited partnership interest in Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens, a limited liability partnership, and also acquire from Herbert Grimes and Stan Gustas the remaining 40% of the limited partnership interests and the general partnership interest in Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens for $2,500,000 and common stock valued at $1,000,000, when valued at one half of the Unit price in this offering. Mr. Grimes, through an affiliate, owns 87.5% of such minority interests and will be paid $2,187,500 of the net proceeds of this offering and will receive 175,000 shares of common stock, and Mr. Gustas owns the remaining 12.5% and will be paid $312,500 from such net proceeds and will receive 25,000 shares of common stock.

     Starting in 2004, Mark Vaughan borrowed a total of approximately $82,000 from us in the form of salary advances. He repaid these advances in full in April 2005.



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PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS

     The following table sets forth information regarding the beneficial ownership of our common shares as of September 2006:

  • each person, or group of affiliated persons, known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our outstanding shares of common stock;


  • each of our directors and director nominees;


  • each executive officer named in the Summary Compensation Table above; and


  • all of our directors and executive officers as a group.

     The following table takes into account:

  • The acquisition of all interests in Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens and the issuance of 200,000 shares of common stock to the owners of the minority interests in Allison’s in part payment for their interests;


  • The increase in our authorized capitalization to 50,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $.001 per share and 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $.001 per share.


  • A stock dividend of 6,249 shares for each share of common stock


  • The issuance of 200,000 shares, 200,000 Class A warrants and 200,000 Class B warrants included in the units that we will issue to holders of the Secured Notes on the date of this prospectus (based on an assumed initial public offering price of $10.00 per unit).

     It does not take into account any shares of common stock sold as a result of the exercise of the over-allotment option granted to the representative. Except as otherwise indicated, the persons listed below have sole voting and investment power with respect to all of the shares owned by them. The individual stockholders have furnished all information concerning their respective beneficial ownership to us.

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Percent of Shares Outstanding


    Number of Shares    Before the   After the
Name of Beneficial Owners(1) 
  Beneficially Owned(2)    Offering(3)   Offering(3)



     

     

 
Mark E. Vaughan    4,000,000      74.44     38.64  
Vernon J. Brandt    1,000,000      18.69     9.66  
Stan L. Gustas(4)    25,000      *     *  
Herbert Grimes(5)    175,000      3.27     1.40  
All directors and executive officers as a               
group ((4) persons)    5,200,000      96.3 %    50.0 % 

________________________
* Less than 1%
(1)      Unless indicated otherwise, all addresses are Vaughan Foods, Inc., 216 Northeast 12th Street, Moore, Oklahoma 73160.
(2) According to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, shares that a person has a right to acquire within 60 days of the date of this prospectus are deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of that person but are not deemed outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person.
(3) Based on 5,400,000 shares issued and outstanding immediately before this offering and 10,400,000 shares issued and outstanding immediately after this offering.
(4) Includes 25,000 shares to be issued upon acquisition of Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens.
(5) Includes 175,000 shares to be issued upon acquisition of Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens.
 

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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES

     As of the date of this prospectus, our authorized capital stock consists of 50,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share and 5,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share. After this offering, we will have 10,350,000 shares of common stock issued and outstanding and 11,100,000 shares if the over-allotment option is exercised in full. At the time this offering is effective, we will have 5,400,000 shares of common stock outstanding held of record by approximately 18 stockholders after taking into account (i) 200,000 shares of common stock included in the units that we will issue to the holders of the Secured Notes; and (ii) 200,000 shares of common stock that we have agreed to issue on the date of this prospectus to Mr. Grimes and Mr. Gustas in partial payment for the acquisition of their 40% minority interests in Allison’s. The following description summarizes the most important terms of our capital stock. Because it is only a summary, it does not contain all the information that may be important to you. For a complete description, you should refer to our Articles of Incorporation, as amended, and our bylaws, which are included as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, and to the provisions of Oklahoma law.

Units

     Each unit consists of one share of common stock, one Class A warrant and one Class B warrant. Each Class A and Class B warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one share of common stock. Initially, only the units will trade. The common stock and the warrants included in the units will not trade separately until the 30th calendar day following the date of this prospectus or the first trading day thereafter if the 30th day is a weekend or holiday. Once separate trading in the common stock and warrants commences, the units will cease trading and they will be delisted.

     At closing, we will deliver only unit certificates. An investor may request physical delivery of the certificate and may immediately request that the unit certificate be exchanged for stock and unit warrant certificates. If the investor does so before the stock and unit warrants trade separately, trades based on the stock and unit warrant certificates will not clear until trading in those securities commences.

Common Stock

     Subject to the rights specifically granted to holders of any shares of our Preferred Stock we may issue in the future, holders of our Common Stock are entitled to vote together as a class on all matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders and are entitled to any dividends that may be declared by our Board of Directors. Holders of our Common Stock do not have cumulative voting rights. Upon our dissolution, liquidation or winding up, holders of our Common Stock are entitled to share ratably in our net assets after payment or provision for all liabilities and any preferential liquidation rights of any shares of our Preferred Stock we may issue in the future. Holders of our Common Stock have no preemptive rights to purchase shares of our Common Stock. The issued and outstanding shares of our Common Stock are not subject to any redemption provisions and are not convertible into any other shares of our capital stock. All outstanding shares of our Common Stock are, and the shares of our Common Stock to be issued in this offering or upon exercise of the Warrants included herein will be, upon payment of the relevant purchase or exercise price, fully paid and non-assessable. The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of our Common Stock will be subject to those of the holders of any shares of our Preferred Stock we may issue in the future.

Class A Warrants

     General. Immediately after this offering, there will be 5,200,000 Class A warrants issued and outstanding of which 5,000,000 are included in the units sold in this offering and 200,000 are included in the units that we will issue to the holders of the Secured Notes on the date of this prospectus (assuming an initial public offering price of $5.00 per unit). The Class A warrants issued in this offering may be exercised at any time beginning 30 days after the date of this prospectus and ending on the fifth anniversary of the date of this prospectus. Each Class A warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price of $[ ] per share (150% of the unit offering price). This exercise price will be adjusted if specific events, summarized below, occur. A holder of Class A warrants will not be deemed a holder of the underlying stock for any purpose until the Class A warrant is exercised.

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     Redemption. At any time after they separate from the units we will have the right to redeem the Class A. warrants at a price of $0.25 per warrant, after providing 30 days’ prior written notice to the warrant-holders, at any time after the closing price for our common stock, as reported on the principal market on which our stock trades, was at or above 200% of the unit offering price for any five consecutive days. We will send a written notice of redemption by first class mail to holders of the Class A warrants at their last known addresses appearing on the registration records maintained by the warrant agent. No other form of notice or publication or otherwise will be required. If we call the Class A warrants for redemption, the holders of the Class A warrants will then have to decide whether to sell the Class A warrants, exercise them before the close of business on the business day preceding the specified redemption date or hold them for redemption. If the Class A warrants are not covered by a current registration statement or are not qualified for sale under the laws of the state in which holders reside, warrantholders may not be able to exercise them.

     Exercise. The holders of the Class A warrants may exercise them only if an appropriate registration statement is then in effect and if the common stock issuable upon their exercise are qualified for sale under the securities laws of the state in which the holder resides. To exercise a Class A warrant, the holder must deliver to our warrant agent the Class A warrant certificate on or before the expiration date or the redemption date, as applicable, with the form on the reverse side of the certificate executed as indicated, accompanied by payment of the full exercise price for the number of Class A warrants being exercised. Fractional shares of common stock will not be issued upon exercise of the Class A warrants.

     In order for you to exercise the warrants, the shares of common stock underlying them must be covered by an effective registration statement and, if the issuance of shares is not exempt under state securities laws, must be properly registered with state securities regulators. At present, we plan to have a registration statement current when the warrants are redeemed and, to the extent that the underlying shares do not qualify for one or more exemptions under state securities laws, we intend to use our best efforts to register the shares with the relevant authorities. However, we cannot provide absolute assurances that state exemptions will be available, the state authorities will permit us to register the underlying shares, or that an effective registration statement will be in place at the relevant time(s). These factors may have an adverse effect on the demand for the warrants and the prices that can be obtained from reselling them.

     Adjustments of exercise price. The exercise price of the Class A warrants will be adjusted if we declare any stock dividend to stockholders or effect any split or share combination with regard to our common stock. If we effect any stock split or stock combination with regard to our common stock, the exercise price in effect immediately before the stock split or combination will be proportionately reduced or increased, as the case may be. Any adjustment of the exercise price will also result in an adjustment of the number of shares underlying a Class A warrant or, if we elect, an adjustment of the number of Class A warrants outstanding.

Class B Warrants

     Immediately after this offering, there will be 5,200,000 Class B warrants issued and outstanding including 5,000,000 Class B warrants included in the units sold in this offering and 200,000 Class B warrants included in the units that we will issue to the holders of the Unsecured Notes on the date of this prospectus (assuming an initial public offering price of $5.00 per unit). The Class B warrants are identical to the Class A warrants except for the following:

  • the Class B warrants have an exercise price of $[                ] per share (200% of the unit offering price); and

  • the Class B warrants may only be redeemed after our gross revenue for any previous 12 month period, as confirmed by an independent audit, equals or exceeds $100 million.

Preferred Stock

     Our authorized capital includes 5,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share.

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     Under our Certificate of Incorporation, our board of directors has the authority, without further action by the stockholders, to issue from time to time up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series. The board of directors may fix the number of shares, designations, preferences, powers and other special rights of each series of the preferred stock. The issuance of preferred stock could decrease the amount of earnings and assets available for distribution to holders of common stock, affect adversely the rights and powers, including voting rights, of the holders of common stock, or have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control in Vaughan. The rights and preferences may include, but are not limited to:

  • the title of the preferred stock;


  • the maximum number of shares of the series;


  • the dividend rate or the method of calculating the dividend, the date from which dividends will accrue and whether dividends will be cumulative;


  • any liquidation preference;


  • any redemption provisions;


  • any sinking fund or other provisions that would obligate us to redeem or purchase the preferred stock;


  • any terms for the conversion or exchange of the preferred stock for other securities of us or any other entity;


  • any voting rights; and


  • any other preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights or any qualifications, limitations or restrictions on the rights of the shares.

     In some cases, the issuance of preferred stock could delay or discourage a change in control of us. Any shares of preferred stock we issue will be fully paid and nonassessable. We do not have any outstanding shares of preferred stock at the date of this Prospectus.

Authorized but Unissued Shares

     The authorized but unissued shares of common stock and preferred stock are available for future issuance without shareholder approval. These additional shares may be utilized for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public or private offerings to raise additional capital, corporate acquisitions and employee benefit plans. The existence of authorized but unissued common or preferred stock could render more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or otherwise.

     The Oklahoma General Corporation Act provides generally that the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares entitled to vote on any matter is required to amend a corporation’s articles of incorporation, unless the corporation’s articles of incorporation, requires a greater percentage. Our articles of incorporation do not impose any supermajority vote requirements.

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Transfer Agent, Warrant Agent and Registrar

     The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock and the warrant agent for the Class A and Class B warrants will be Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, located in New York, New York.

Anti-takeover provisions under Oklahoma law

      Oklahoma business combination statute

     Under the terms of our amended certificate of incorporation, we have not opted out of Section 1090.3 of the Oklahoma General Corporation Act, Oklahoma’s anti-takeover law. In general this section prevents an “interested shareholder” from engaging in a “business combination” with us for three years following the date the person became an interested shareholder, unless:

  • prior to the date the person became an interested shareholder, our board of directors approved the transaction in which the interested shareholder became an interested shareholder or approved the business combination;


  • upon consummation of the transaction that resulted in the interested shareholder becoming an interested shareholder, the interested shareholder owns stock having at least 85% of all voting power at the time the transaction commenced, excluding stock held by our directors who are also officers and stock held by certain employee stock plans; or


  • on or subsequent to the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested shareholder, the business combination is approved by our board of directors and authorized at a meeting of shareholders by the affirmative vote of the holders of two-thirds of all voting power not attributable to shares owned by the interested shareholder.

     An “interested shareholder” is defined, generally, as any person that owns stock having 15% or more of all of our voting power, any person that is an affiliate or associate of us and owned stock having 15% or more of all of our voting power at any time within the three-year period prior to the time of determination of interested shareholder status, and any affiliate or associate of such person.

A “business combination” includes:

  • any merger or consolidation involving us and an interested shareholder;


  • any sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition to or with an interested shareholder of 10% or more of our assets;


  • subject to certain exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by us of any of our stock to an interested shareholder;


  • any transaction involving us that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock of any class or series or voting power owned by the interested shareholder;


  • the receipt by an interested shareholder of any loans, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or through us; or


  • any share acquisition by the interested shareholder pursuant to Section 1090.1 of the OGCA.

     Because we have not opted out of the Oklahoma anti-takeover law, no interested shareholder could pursue a business combination transaction that is not approved by our board of directors.

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     Oklahoma control share statute  

     Under the terms of our amended certificate of incorporation, we have not opted out of Sections 1145 through 1155 of the Oklahoma General Corporation Act, Oklahoma’s control share acquisition statute. In general, Section 1145 of the Oklahoma General Corporation Act defines “control shares” as our issued and outstanding shares that, in the absence of the Oklahoma control share statute, would have voting power, when added to all of our other shares that are owned, directly or beneficially, by an acquiring person or over which the acquiring person has the ability to exercise voting power, that would entitle the acquiring person, immediately after the acquisition of the shares to exercise, or direct the exercise of, such voting power in the election of directors within any of the following ranges of voting power:

  • one-fifth (1/5) or more but less than one-third (1/3) of all voting power;


  • one-third (1/3) or more but less than a majority of all voting power; or


  • a majority of all voting power.

     A “control share acquisition” means the acquisition by any person of ownership of, or the power to direct the exercise of voting power with respect to, “control shares.” After a control share acquisition occurs, the acquiring person is subject to limitations on the ability to vote such control shares. Specifically, Section 1149 of Oklahoma General Corporation Act provides that under most control share acquisition scenarios, “the voting power of control shares having voting power of one-fifth (1/5) or more of all voting power is reduced to zero unless the shareholders of the issuing public corporation approve a resolution . . . according the shares the same voting rights as they had before they became control shares.” Section 1153 of Oklahoma General Corporation Act provides the procedures for obtaining shareholder consent of a resolution of an “acquiring person” to determine the voting rights to be accorded the shares acquired or to be acquired in the control share acquisition.

     Because we have not opted out of the Oklahoma control share statute, any shareholder holding control shares will be limited in his or her right to vote his or her shares in the election of directors.

Listing

     We have applied to list the units, common stock, Class A warrants and Class B warrants on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbols “[      ]”, “[      ]”, “[      ]” and “[      ]”, respectively [, and on the Boston Stock Exchange under the symbols “[      ]”, “[      ]”, “[      ]” and “[      ]”, respectively]. There is currently no established public trading market for our common stock.

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DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN INDEBTEDNESS

     Promissory Notes

     In July 2006 we borrowed $2.0 million from 18 accredited investors in the Secured Financing pursuant to 10% Secured Subordinated Promissory Notes, which we refer to as the “Promissory Notes.” The Promissory Notes are repayable on the earlier of June 30, 2007 or the third business day following completion of a public or private financing by Vaughan generating gross proceeds of at least $5 million. The Promissory Notes are secured by a non-recourse pledge of the 60% equity interest in Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens, LP currently held by Mark E. Vaughan and Vernon J. Brandt, Jr., both officers and directors of Vaughan. As added consideration for the purchase of the Promissory Notes, each purchaser will receive that number of equity securities to be issued in this public offering having a value, at the initial public offering price, of 50% of the Promissory Notes purchased by that investor. If we have not completed the required public or private financing by June 30, 2007, but we have repaid the Promissory Notes, the investors will receive an aggregate of 250,000 shares of our common stock. If we have not repaid the Promissory Notes by that time, the investors will receive an aggregate of 500,000 shares of our common stock. Vaughan has agreed to file a registration statement for the resale of the equity securities to be issued to these investors within 60 days following the effective date of this registration statement and will be subject to a late fee of 2% of the original investment amount per month if that registration statement is not filed within the 60-day period or if the resale registration statement has not been declared effective within 60 days after it has been filed (90 days if the financial information in the resale registration statement must be updated) or if after the registration statement has been declared effective it cannot be used in connection with the sale of the covered securities; provided, however, that the amount of the late fee payable to each investor, shall not exceed 10% of the original principal amount of the note purchased by that investor. The investors in the Promissory Notes have agreed to execute a lockup agreement containing the same terms and conditions as those to which Vaughan’s officers, directors and 5% stockholders are subject. In connection with the Promissory Notes, Vaughan agreed to pay Paulson Investment Company a fee of 8% of the gross proceeds and to reimburse Paulson Investment Company for expenses incurred by it in connection with the Secured Financing up to a maximum of $10,000.

     Bridge Loan

     Commencing in September 2006 Vaughan borrowed an aggregate of $1.0 million from Paulson Investment Company, pursuant to a non-secured promissory note bearing interest at 10% per annum and payable on the earlier of the first anniversary of the issue date of the note or the consummation of this offering.

     Vaughan’s Line of Credit

     Vaughan has a $4.0 million secured bank line of credit, due on October 31, 2006, at an interest rate of Wall Street Journal prime plus 0.75%, with an initial rate of 6.75% . The line of credit is secured by accounts receivable, inventory and general intangibles. At June 30, 2006, short-term borrowings under this line of credit were $ 2,814,294. Vaughan had $1,185,706 available under this line of credit at June 30, 2006. Vaughan had a line of credit balance at December 31, 2005 was $2,314,294. The line of credit contains certain financial covenants which replicate those covenants of the Cleveland County Industrial Authority bond issue, some of which Vaughan was not in compliance. Vaughan has not obtained a waiver of the financial covenants.

     Allison’s Line of Credit

     Allison’s has a $1.0 million secured bank line of credit, initiated on March 3, 2006, at an interest rate of Wall Street Journal prime plus 0.50%, with an initial rate of 8.00% . Interest is payable on a monthly basis. The line of credit was secured by all of Allison’s assets, including accounts receivable, inventory and equipment and personal guaranties of all of the partners. At June 30, 2006, short-term borrowings under this line of credit were $220,291. The bank line of credit agreement was subject to certain covenants for which Allison’s was in compliance with or has obtained a waiver as of June 30, 2006. At December 31, 2004 and 2005, short-term borrowings on previous lines of credit were $0.

     Wild About Food Line of Credit

     Wild About Food – Oklahoma has a $600,000 secured bank line of credit, initiated on June 7, 2006 at an interest rate of Wall Street Journal prime plus 1.00% . At June 30, 2006, short-term borrowings under this line of credit were $42,106. Vaughan was in compliance with all covenants.

     Equipment Loan

     In addition to the line of credit, Allison’s secured a loan for equipment purchases in the amount of $2.4 million with the same interest rate. The maturity date of this loan is March 3, 2011. The proceeds of the equipment loan are to pay off existing debt related to previous equipment purchases and to purchase new equipment, of which some down payments have been made as of June 30, 2006.

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SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

This Offering

     After this offering is completed we expect to have 10,400,000 shares of common stock outstanding. This number assumes no exercise of the representative’s over-allotment option, the Class A warrants, the Class B warrants or the representative’s warrants. We expect to have 11,150,000 shares of common stock outstanding if the representative’s over-allotment is exercised in full. Of these shares, the 5,000,000 shares of common stock issued as part of the units sold in this offering (5,750,000) shares if the representative’s over-allotment is exercised in full) will be freely tradeable without restrictions or further registration under the Securities Act of 1933, except that any shares purchased by our “affiliates,” as that term is defined under the Securities Act, may generally only be sold in compliance with the limitations of Rule 144 under the Securities Act. The 5,000,000 shares of common stock underlying the Class A warrants and the 5,000,000 shares of common stock underlying the Class B warrants issued as part of the units sold in this offering (5,750,000 shares of common stock in the case of the Class A warrants and 5,750,000 shares of common stock in the case of the Class B warrants if the representative’s over-allotment is exercised in full) will also be freely tradeable after exercise of the warrants, except for shares held by our affiliates.

Outstanding Restricted Stock

     The remaining 5,350,000 outstanding shares of common stock will be restricted securities within the meaning of Rule 144 and may not be sold in the absence of registration under the Securities Act unless an exemption from registration is available, including the exemption from registration offered by Rule 144. The holders of these shares have agreed not to sell or otherwise dispose of any of their shares of common stock for a period of one year after completion of this offering, without the prior written consent of Paulson Investment Company, Inc., the representative of the underwriters, subject to certain limited exceptions. After the expiration of the lock-up period, or earlier with the prior written consent of the representative, all of the outstanding restricted shares may be sold in the public market pursuant to Rule 144.

     Without taking into account the lock-up agreements, 5,000,000 shares of common stock would be eligible for sale under Rule 144 90 days after completion of the offering. The balance of the restricted shares would be eligible for sale under Rule 144 on the first anniversary of the closing of this offering.

     In general, under Rule 144, as currently in effect, beginning 90 days after the date of this prospectus, a person who has beneficially owned restricted shares for at least one year, including a person who may be deemed to be our affiliate, may sell within any three-month period a number of shares of common stock that does not exceed a specified maximum number of shares. This maximum is equal to the greater of 1% of the then outstanding shares of our common stock or the average weekly trading volume in the common stock during the four calendar weeks immediately preceding the sale. Sales under Rule 144 are also subject to restrictions relating to manner of sale, notice and availability of current public information about us. In addition, under Rule 144(k) of the Securities Act, a person who is not our affiliate, has not been an affiliate of ours within three months prior to the sale and has beneficially owned shares for at least two years would be entitled to sell such shares immediately without regard to volume limitations, manner of sale provisions, notice or other requirements of Rule 144.

     Registration Rights

We have agreed to register for resale a total of approximately (a) 200,000 shares of common stock, (b) 200,000 Class A warrants, (c) 200,000 class B warrants that we will issue to holders of the Secured Notes on the date of this prospectus, as well as the 200,000 shares of common stock underlying those warrants (based on an assumed initial public offering price of $5.00 per unit) and to file a resale registration statement within 60 days after the date of this prospectus. We will be subject to a late fee of 2% of the original investment amount per month if that registration statement is not filed within the 60-day period or if the resale registration statement has not been declared effective within 60 days after it has been filed (90 days if the financial information in the resale registration statement must be updated) or if after the registration statement has been declared effective it cannot be used in connection with the sale of the covered securities; provided, however, that the amount of the late fee payable to each investor, shall not exceed 10% of the original principal amount of the note purchase by that investor.

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UNDERWRITING

     Paulson Investment Company, Inc. is acting as the representative of the underwriters named below. We have entered into an underwriting agreement with these underwriters regarding the units being offered under this prospectus. In connection with this offering and subject to certain conditions, each of these underwriters has severally agreed to purchase, and we have agreed to sell, the number of units set forth opposite the name of the underwriter.

Underwriter  Number of Units 
   
   

     The underwriting agreement provides that the underwriters are obligated to purchase all of the units offered by this prospectus, other than those covered by the over-allotment option, if any units are purchased. The underwriting agreement also provides that the underwriters’ obligations to pay for and accept delivery of the units is subject to the approval of certain legal matters by counsel and other conditions, including, among other things, the requirements that no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the registration statement be in effect and that no proceedings for this purpose have been instituted or threatened by the Securities and Exchange Commission, which we refer to as the “SEC.”

     The representative has advised us that the underwriters propose to offer our units to the public initially at the offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus and to selected dealers at that price less a concession of not more than $      per unit. The underwriters and selected dealers may reallow a concession to other dealers, including the [                ], of not more than $      per unit. After the public offering of the units is complete, the offering price, the concessions to selected dealers and the reallowance to their dealers may be changed by the underwriters.

     The underwriters have informed us that they do not expect to confirm sales of our units offered by this prospectus on a discretionary basis.

     Over-allotment Option. Pursuant to the underwriting agreement, we have granted the representative an option, exercisable for 45 days from the date of this prospectus, to purchase up to an additional 750,000 units on the same terms as the other units being purchased by the underwriters from us. The representative may exercise the option solely to cover over-allotments, if any, in the sale of the units that the underwriters have agreed to purchase. If the over-allotment option is exercised in full, the total public offering price, underwriting discount and proceeds to us before offering expenses will be $                          , $                          and $                          , respectively.

     Stabilization and Other Transactions. The rules of the SEC generally prohibit the underwriters from trading in our securities on the open market during this offering. However, the underwriters are allowed to engage in some open market transactions and other activities during this offering that may cause the market price of our securities to be above or below that which would otherwise prevail in the open market. These activities may include stabilization, short sales and over-allotments, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids.

  • Stabilizing transactions consist of bids or purchases made by the managing underwriter for the purpose of preventing or slowing a decline in the market price of our securities while this offering is in progress.


  • Short sales and over-allotments occur when the managing underwriter, on behalf of the underwriting syndicate, sells more of our shares than they purchase from us in this offering. In order to cover the resulting short position, the managing underwriter may exercise the over-allotment option described above and/or may engage in syndicate covering transactions. There is no contractual limit on the size of any syndicate covering transaction. The underwriters will deliver a prospectus in connection with any such short sales. Purchasers of shares sold short by the underwriters are entitled to the same

62


    remedies under the federal securities laws as any other purchaser of units covered by the registration statement.

  • Syndicate covering transactions are bids for or purchases of our securities on the open market by the managing underwriter on behalf of the underwriters in order to reduce a short position incurred by the managing underwriter on behalf of the underwriters.


  • A penalty bid is an arrangement permitting the managing underwriter to reclaim the selling concession that would otherwise accrue to an underwriter if the common stock originally sold by the underwriter were later repurchased by the managing underwriter and therefore was not effectively sold to the public by such underwriter.

     If the underwriters commence these activities, they may discontinue them at any time without notice. The underwriters may carry out these transactions on the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Boston Stock Exchange, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise.

     Indemnification. The underwriting agreement provides for indemnification between us and the underwriters against specified liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and for contribution by us and the underwriters to payments that may be required to be made with respect to those liabilities. We have been advised that, in the opinion of the SEC, indemnification for liabilities under the Securities Act is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

     Underwriters’ Compensation. We have agreed to sell the units to the underwriters at the initial offering price of $ per unit, which represents the initial public offering price of the units set forth on the cover page of this prospectus less an 8% underwriting discount. The underwriting agreement also provides that the representative will be paid a nonaccountable expense allowance equal to 2.0% of the gross proceeds from the sale of the units offered by this prospectus, excluding any units purchased on exercise of the over-allotment option.

     On completion of this offering, we will issue to the representative of the underwriters warrants to purchase up to 500,000 units, for a price per unit of $                , which is equal to 120% of the initial offering price of the units. The representative's warrants will be exercisable for units at any time beginning 180 days after the effective date of this offering, and will expire on the fifth anniversary of the effective date. Neither the representative's warrants nor the underlying securities may be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged, or hypothecated, or be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put, or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of the securities by any person for a period of 180 days immediately following the date of effectiveness or commencement of sales of the offering, except to any member participating in the offering and the officers or partners thereof, and only if all securities so transferred remain subject to the 180-day lock-up restriction for the remainder of the lock-up period. If we cannot honor the exercise of representative's warrants and the securities underlying the warrants are listed on a securities exchange or if there are three independent market makers for the underlying securities, we may, but are not required to, settle the representative's warrants for a price equal to the difference between the closing price of the underlying securities and the exercise price of the warrants. Because we are not required to settle the representative's warrants by payment of cash, it is possible that the representative's warrants will never be settled in shares or payment of cash.

     The holder of these warrants will have, in that capacity, no voting, dividend or other shareholder rights. Any profit realized on the sale of the units issuable upon exercise of these warrants may be deemed to be additional underwriting compensation. The securities underlying these warrants are being registered pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. During the term of these warrants, the holder thereof is given the opportunity to profit from a rise in the market price of our common stock, our Class A warrants and our Class B warrants. We may find it more difficult to raise additional equity capital while these warrants are outstanding. At any time at which these warrants are likely to be exercised, we may be able to obtain additional equity capital on more favorable terms.

63


     The following table summarizes the underwriting discount and non-accountable expense allowance we will pay to the underwriters. These amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option.

   
 
Total 
   
Per Unit 
 
Without Over-allotment 
With over-allotment 
   
 
 
Underwriting discount             
Non-accountable expense allowance             

     Lock-Up Agreements. All our officers and directors and all of our pre-offering stockholders have agreed that, for a period of one year from the date this registration statement becomes effective, they will not sell, contract to sell, grant any option for the sale or otherwise dispose of any of our equity securities, or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for our equity securities, without the consent of the representative. The representative may consent to an early release from the lock-up periods if, in its opinion, the market for the common stock would not be adversely impacted by sales and in cases of an officer, director or other stockholders’ financial emergency. We are unaware of any officer, director or current shareholder who intends to ask for consent to dispose of any of our equity securities during the lock-up period.

     Determination of Offering Price. The public offering price of the units offered by this prospectus and the exercise price and other terms of the Class A warrants and Class B warrants were determined by negotiation between us and the underwriters. Among the factors considered in determining the public offering price of the units and the exercise price of the warrants were:

  • our history and our prospects;


  • the industry in which we operate;


  • the status and development prospects for our proposed services;


  • our past and present operating results;


  • the previous experience of our executive officers; and


  • the general condition of the securities markets at the time of this offering.

     The offering price stated on the cover page of this prospectus should not be considered an indication of the actual value of the units. That price is subject to change as a result of market conditions and other factors, and we cannot assure you that the units, or the common stock and warrants contained in the units, can be resold at or above the initial public offering price.

64


LEGAL MATTERS

     The validity of the common shares offered by this prospectus will be passed upon for us by Morse, Zelnick, Rose & Lander LLP, New York, New York. Stoel Rives LLP will pass upon certain matters for the underwriters named in this prospectus in connection with this offering.

EXPERTS

     Cole and Reed, P.C., an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited the consolidated financial statements of Vaughan and of Allison’s as of and for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 as set forth in their reports. We have included these financial statements in this prospectus, and in the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part, in reliance on Cole and Reed, P.C.’s reports, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

65


WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

     In connection with the units offered by this prospectus, we have filed a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act with the Securities and Exchange Commission. This prospectus, filed as part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement and the accompanying exhibits. For further information with respect to our units, shares and warrants, and us you should refer to the registration statement and the accompanying exhibits. Statements contained in this prospectus regarding the contents of any contract or any other document are not necessarily complete, and you should refer to the copy of the contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, each statement being qualified in all respects by the actual contents of the contract or other document referred to. You may inspect a copy of the registration statement and the accompanying exhibits without charge at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s public reference facilities, Room 1580, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549, and at its regional offices located at 3 World Financial Center, Room 4300, New York, New York 10281, and you may obtain copies of all or any part of the registration statement from those offices for a fee. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the Securities and Exchange Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330. The Securities and Exchange Commission maintains a web site that contains registration statements, reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically. The address of the site is http://www.sec.gov.

      We intend to furnish our stockholders with annual reports containing financial statements audited by an independent registered public accounting firm.

     You may rely on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide information different from that contained in this prospectus. Neither the delivery of this prospectus nor sale of common shares means that information contained in this prospectus is correct after the date of this prospectus. This prospectus is not an offer to sell or solicitation of an offer to buy our common shares in any circumstances under which the offer or solicitation is unlawful.

66


INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Vaughan Foods, Inc.     
Consolidated Financial Statements     
 
                     Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm    F-1 
                     Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2004 and 2005 and June 30, 2006    F-2 
                     Consolidated Statement of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004     
                               and 2005 and for the six month periods ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 
  F-3 
                     Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31,     
                               2003, 2004 and 2005 and for the six month periods ended June 30, 2005 and 2006    F-4 
                     Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2003,     
                               2004 and 2005 and for the six month periods ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 
  F-5 
                     Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements    F-6-19 
 
Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens, Limited Partnership     
Financial Statements     
 
                     Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm    F-20 
                     Balance Sheets at December 31, 2004 and 2005 and June 30, 2006    F-21 
                     Statement of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004     
                               and 2005 and for the six month periods ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 
  F-22
                     Statement of Partners’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and     
                               2005 and for the six month periods ended June 30, 2005 and 2006    F-23
                     Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and     
                               2005 and for the six month periods ended June 30, 2005 and 2006    F-24
                     Notes to Financial Statements     F-25
 
Pro Forma Combined Financial Statements     
   
 
                     Balance Sheets at December 31, 2005 and June 30, 2006    
                     Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2005 and the six month period     
                     ended June 30, 2006    F-36

67


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Vaughan Foods, Inc.
Moore, Oklahoma

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Vaughan Foods, Inc. as of December 31, 2004 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders' equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2005. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Vaughan Foods, Inc. as of December 31, 2004 and 2005, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2005, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

/s/ Cole & Reed, P.C.

Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
April 19, 2006


F-1



VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
   
December 31, 2004 
December 31, 2005
June 30, 2006
 
   
(Unaudited)
 
Assets
Current assets:                         
     Cash and cash equivalents    $  683,206    $ 36,163     $  74,064  
     Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of                 
     $ 90,502 at December 31, 2004, $106,682 at December 31, 2005                 
     and $ 68,041 at June 30, 2006      2,923,364    3,164,644       4,631,921  
     Accounts receivable, related party      144,748    335,666       302,081  
     Current portion of note receivable      25,000    -       -  
     Due from stockholders      65,927    -       -  
     Inventories      687,430    725,578       721,659  
     Prepaid expenses and other assets      99,076    39,472       120,840  
     Income taxes receivable      28,228    28,228       28,228  
     Deferred tax assets      34,952    40,539       28,803  








 
           Total current assets      4,691,931    4,370,290       5,907,596  








 
Restricted assets:                 
     Cash      3,965,204    80,471       -  
     Investments      -    1,950,580       699,969  
     Certificate of deposit      -    256,000       256,000  








 
           Total restricted assets      3,965,204    2,287,051       955,969  








 
Property and equipment, net      9,253,007    9,836,262       11,323,427  








 
Other assets:                 
     Assets held for sale      40,000    40,000       40,000  
     Loan origination fees, net of accumulated amortization      500,599    436,465       418,760  
     Deferred tax assets, noncurrent      -    -       139,187  
     Other      10,685    -       -  








 
           Total other assets      551,284    476,465       597,947  








 
           TOTAL    $  18,461,426    $ 16,970,068     $  18,784,939  








 
 
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current liabilities:                 
     Accounts payable    $  3,470,680    $ 2,692,648     $  4,650,711  
     Disbursements in transit      -    -       83,859  
     Line of credit      1,771,743    2,314,294       2,814,294  
     Accrued liabilities      621,720    990,432       1,197,483  
     Current portion of long-term debt      386,740    690,308       671,983  
     Current portion of capital lease obligation      180,015    162,804       162,593  








 
           Total current liabilities      6,430,898    6,850,486       9,580,923  








 
Long term liabilities:                 
     Long-term debt, net of current portion      9,967,611    8,728,940       8,477,770  
     Due to stockholders      10,751    -       -  
     Capital lease obligation, net of current portion      806,322    649,337       568,710  
     Deferred tax liability      289,447    135,367       -  








 
           Total long-term liabilities      11,074,131    9,513,644       9,046,480  








 
Shareholders’ equity:                 
     Common stock, $0.001 par value; authorized 50,000,000 shares;                 
       5,000,000 shares issued and outstanding (800 shares issued                 
       and outstanding at December 31, 2004 and 2005.)      800    800       5,000  
     Paid in Capital      415,193    415,193       410,993  
     Member Capital (deficit)      80,497    (12,839 )      (16,573 ) 
     Retained earnings (deficit)      459,907    202,784       (241,884 ) 








 
           Total shareholders' equity      956,397    605,938       157,536  








 
           TOTAL    $  18,461,426    $ 16,970,068     $  18,784,939  









The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

F-2

VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
   
Six Months Ended
   
Year Ended December 31,
June 30, 







   
2003
2004
2005
2005
2006



     


     


     


     


               
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
 
Net sales    $ 29,369,386     $ 36,133,015     $ 44,730,265     $ 22,330,957     $ 26,317,960  
Cost of sales    24,966,962     29,903,140     37,976,138     18,551,167     23,173,759  















Gross profit    4,402,424     6,229,875     6,754,127     3,779,790     3,144,201  
                               
Selling, general and administrative expenses    3,891,147     5,387,313     6,431,322     3,515,583     3,514,716  















             Operating income (loss)    511,277     842,562     322,805     264,207     (370,515 ) 
     Rent income    182,060     168,084     230,212     113,600     133,623  
     Interest expense    (409,020 )   
(488,618
)    (1,041,918 )    (484,948 )    (488,621 ) 
     Loss on refinancing    (69,624 )   
-
    -     -    
-
 
     Other, net    24,936     12,256     88,180     3,686     28,314  















             Total other income and expense    (271,648 )   
(308,278
)    (723,526 )    (367,662 )    (326,684 ) 















             Earnings (loss) before income taxes    239,629     534,284     (400,721 )    (103,455 )   (697,199 ) 
                               
     Income tax expense (benefit)    71,199     191,981     (159,667 )    (29,799 )   (248,797 ) 















     Net earnings (loss)    $ 168,430    
$
342,303     $ (241,054 )    $ (73,656 )   
$
(448,402 ) 















     Net earnings (loss) per share-basic and diluted    $ 0.03    
$
0.07     $ (0.05 )    $ (0.01 )   
$
(0.09 ) 















     Weighted average shares outstanding-basic and diluted      5,000,000    
5,000,000       5,000,000       5,000,000    
5,000,000  

















The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

F-3

VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
   
Common Stock 
Member
Retained
Total
   
Paid in
Capital
Earnings
Stockholder's
   
Shares issued 
     
Amount 
     
Capital
     
(Deficit)
     
(Deficit)
     
Equity




















Balance at January 1, 2003    800    $ 
800 
  $  415,193     $  74,543     $  10,128     $ 500,664  
Net earnings         
- 
    -       15,450       152,980     168,430  




















Balance at December 31, 2003    800     
800 
    415,193       89,993       163,108     669,094  
Net earnings (loss)         
- 
    -       (9,496 )      351,799     342,303  
Dividends         
- 
    -       -       (55,000 )    (55,000 ) 




















Balance at December 31, 2004    800     
800 
    415,193       80,497       459,907     956,397  
Net earnings (loss)         
- 
    -       16,069       (257,123 )    (241,054 ) 
Dividends         
- 
    -       (109,405 )      -     (109,405 ) 




















Balance at December 31, 2005    800     
800 
    415,193       (12,839 )      202,784     605,938  
Net earnings (loss) (Unaudited)         
- 
    -       (3,734 )      (444,668 )    (448,402 ) 
6,250-for-1 Stock split (Unaudited)    4,999,200     
4,200 
    (4,200 )      -       -     -  




















Balance at June 30, 2006 (Unaudited)    5,000,000    $ 
5,000 
  $  410,993     $  (16,573 )    $  (241,884 )    $ 157,536  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.


F-4

VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

   
Six Months Ended
   
Year Ended December 31,
June 30,







   
2003
2004
2005
2005
2006



     


     


     


     


               
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
 
Cash flows from operating activities:                       
     Net earnings (loss)    $ 168,430     $ 342,303     $
(241,054
)    $
(73,656
)    $  (448,402 ) 
     Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to net cash                       
       provided by (used in) operating activities:                       
           Depreciation and amortization    446,349     685,841    
1,003,563
   
463,669
      547,158  
           Provision for bad debts    129,867     244,659    
61,363
    51,363       -  
           Gain on disposal of property and equipment    (14,062 )    (7,552 )   
(21,323
)    -        -  
           Loss on impairment of property and equipment    -     63,230    
-
    -        -  
           Deferred income taxes    71,199     155,210    
(159,667
)   
(29,799
)      (262,818 ) 
           Changes in operating assets and liabilities:           
           
                 Accounts receivable    (772,415 )    (942,969 )   
(302,643
)   
(416,309
)      (1,467,277 ) 
                 Accounts receivable - Related party    (79,922 )    (64,826 )   
(190,918
)   
(9,017
)     33,585  
                 Inventories    (64,003 )    (87,960 )   
(38,148
)   
83,212
      3,919  
                 Prepaid expenses and other assets    (114,402 )    21,111    
59,604
   
(110,421
)      (81,368 ) 
                 Income taxes receivable    -     (28,228 )   
-
   
- 
      -  
                 Other assets    12,245     80,124    
10,685
   
- 
      -  
                 Disbursements in transit    -     -    
-
   
      83,859  
                 Accounts payable    604,129     743,851    
(778,032
)   
(835,869
)      1,958,063  
                 Accrued liabilities    104,942     202,307    
368,712
   
273,662
      207,051  
                 Income taxes payable    (5,724 )    -    
-
   
- 
      -  















 
                         Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities    486,633     1,407,101    
(227,858
)   
(603,165
)      573,770  















 
Cash flows from investing activities:           
           
     Payments received on notes receivable    61,065     110,314    
25,000
   
25,000
      -  
     Advances on notes receivable    (35,314 )    -    
-
   
-
      -  
     Cash paid for property and equipment    (476,957 )    (3,321,573 )   
(1,610,766
)   
(1,174,997
)      (2,016,618 ) 
     Proceeds from sale of property and equipment    -     33,797    
109,405
   
- 
      -  
     Purchase of restricted certificate of deposit    -     -    
(256,000
)   
- 
      -  
     Purchase of investments    -     -    
(48,147
)   
- 
      -  
     Restricted assets    -     -    
-
   
(9,278
)      (118,681 ) 
     Distributions from restricted assets    -     -     1,982,300    
1,380,388
      1,449,763  















 
                         Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities    (451,206 )    (3,177,462 )    201,792    
221,113
      (685,536 ) 
 
Cash flows from financing activities:                       
     Loan proceeds deposited to restricted asset accounts    -     (3,965,204 )   
-
   
- 
      -  
     Payments of loan origination fees    -     (500,599 )   
-
   
- 
      -  
     Proceeds from line of credit    1,073,913     2,814,663     2,314,294    
844,255
      500,000  
     Repayments on line of credit    -     (2,116,833 )   
(1,771,743
)   
- 
      -  
     Proceeds from long-term debt    3,715,090     6,838,593    
527,555
   
265,170
      90,140  
     Repayment of long-term debt and capital leases    (4,455,252 )    (962,619 )   
(1,636,854
)   
(1,148,200
)      (440,473 ) 
     Due from stockholders    -     (65,927 )    65,927    
65,927
      -  
     Repayment of amounts due to stockholders    (80,817 )    (30,380 )    (10,751 )   
(10,751
)      -  
     Distributions to limited liability company members    -     -    
(109,405
)   
- 
      -  















 
                         Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities    252,934     2,011,694    
(620,977
)   
16,401
      149,667  















 
                         Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents    288,361     241,333    
(647,043
)   
(365,651
)      37,901  
 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period    153,512     441,873     683,206    
683,206
      36,163  















 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period    $ 441,873     $ 683,206    
$
36,163     $
317,555
    $  74,064  















 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:                       
     Cash paid during the period for:                       
           Interest    $ 407,941     $ 482,976     $
1,023,731
    $
484,947
    $  494,554  
           Income taxes   
$
-
    $ 65,000     $ -    
$
-     $  -  
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:               
       
     Property and equipment acquired under capital lease obligations    $ 941,497     $ 309,238     $ -    
$
-     $  -  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

F-5

VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(1)      Nature of Operations

Vaughan Foods, Inc. (the “Company”) is an Oklahoma-based specialty food processor serving customers in a multi-state region. The Company operates from a manufacturing facility in Moore, Oklahoma.

(2)      Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

(a)      Basis of Reporting

This summary of significant accounting policies is presented to assist in understanding the Company’s financial statements. The financial statements and notes are representations of the Company’s management who is responsible for the integrity and objectivity of the financial statements. These accounting policies conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and have been consistently applied in the preparation of the financial statements.

(b)      Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and of Cimarron Holdings, L.L.C. (“Cimarron”). Cimarron is owned by the two stockholders of the Company. Cimarron owns an airplane that is used by Company management. The Company is paying the debt service payments on the liability associated with the airplane, as well as all costs of maintenance and operations. Because the Company is the primary beneficiary of Cimarron, it is considered a variable interest entity subject to FIN 46R, and has been consolidated by the Company in its financial statements. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. See Note 16 to the consolidated financial statements.

(c)      Unaudited Interim Financial Information

The consolidated balance sheets and statements of shareholders’ equity as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2006, and the consolidated statements of operations and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006, and related information contained in the notes to financial statements are unaudited. These unaudited interim financial statements and notes have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Management asserts that the preparation of the unaudited interim financial statements utilize the same basis as that of the audited financial statements. Management further asserts that the unaudited interim financial statements fairly represent the Company’s financial position.

(d)      Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purposes of the statements of cash flows, the Company considers investments with maturities of three months or less at date of purchase to be cash equivalents.

(e)      Accounts Receivable and Credit Policies

Trade accounts receivable are uncollateralized customer obligations due under normal trade terms generally requiring payment within 15 to 21 days from the invoice date. Receivables are recorded based on the amounts invoiced to customers. Interest and delinquency fees are not generally assessed and, if they are assessed, are not included in income or trade accounts receivable. Discounts allowed for early payment, if any, are charged against income when the payment is received.

F-6

VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(2)      Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - (Continued)

(e)      Accounts Receivable and Credit Policies - Continued

Payments of accounts receivable are allocated to the specific invoices identified on the customer’s remittance advice or, if unspecified, are applied to the earliest unpaid invoices.

The carrying amount of accounts receivable is reduced by an allowance for doubtful accounts that reflects management’s best estimate of the amounts that will not be collected. Management provides for probable uncollectible amounts through a charge to earnings and a credit to the allowance for doubtful accounts based on historical collection trends and an assessment of the creditworthiness of current customers. The adequacy of the valuation allowance is evaluated periodically through an individual assessment of potential losses on customer accounts giving particular emphasis to accounts with invoices unpaid more than 60 days past the due date. Balances still outstanding after management has used reasonable collection efforts are written off through a charge to the valuation allowance and a credit to trade accounts receivable. Recoveries on accounts previously written off are credited back to the valuation allowance. During the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, the Company increased the valuation allowance with charges to bad debt expense totaling approximately $61,000, $245,000 and $ 130,000, respectively. During the six month period ended June 30, 2006, the valuation allowance was reduced by $38,641.

(f)      Inventories

Inventories consist principally of food products and are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or market.

(g)      Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Equipment acquired under capital leases is recorded at the present value of the future minimum lease payments, and amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the asset. Expenditures for major additions and improvements are capitalized, while minor replacements, maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. When property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in current operations.

Depreciation, including assets acquired under capital leases, is provided using straight-line and accelerated methods over the following estimated useful lives:

Buildings and improvements  15 - 40 years 
Machinery and equipment  5 - 15 years 
Delivery equipment  3 - 10 years 
Office equipment  5 - 7 years 

F-7

VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(2)      Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - (Continued)

(h)      Cash and Cash Equivalents and Disbursements-in-Transit

For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, the company considers investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents.

As a result of the Company’s cash management system, checks issued but not presented to the banks for payment may create negative book cash balances. Such negative balances are included in Disbursements-in-Transit and are presented as obligations of the Company.

(i)      Concentrations of Credit Risk

The Company maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts which, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. The Company believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents.

(j)      Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue, net of related sales discounts and allowances, when products are delivered to the customers. Revenues also include those amounts related to shipping and handling. Shipping and handling expenses are included in cost of goods sold. Consideration from a vendor to a retailer is presumed to be a reduction to the selling price of the vendor’s products and, therefore, should be characterized as a reduction of sales when recognized in the vendor’s income statement. As a result, certain promotional expenses are recorded as a reduction of net sales.

(k)      Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

(l)        Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Basic earnings (loss) per share (“EPS”) excludes dilution and is calculated by dividing net income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is computed in a manner similar to that of basic EPS except that the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding is increased to include the number of incremental common shares (computed using the treasury stock method) that would have been outstanding if all potentially dilutive common shares (such as stock options) were issued during the period. Diluted EPS is not presented if the effect of the incremental shares is anti-dilutive. The Company did not have any outstanding dilutive common shares, options or other securities for any of the periods presented in the financial statements.

(m)      Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Assets Held for Sale

The Company follows the provisions of SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets in determining impairment losses on long-term assets. Impairment losses are recorded on long-lived assets when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the assets’ carrying amounts. Impairment losses are recognized based upon the estimated fair value of the asset when required. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.

During the year ended December 31, 2004, the Company recognized an impairment loss of approximately $60,000 related to a facility that is being held for sale.

F-8

VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(2)      Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - (Continued)

(n)      Use of Estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

(o)      Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities are measured at cost which approximates their fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments. The carrying amount of the Company’s borrowings under the line of credit and long-term debt approximates their fair value because the interest rate on the instruments fluctuate with market interest rates or represents borrowing rates available with similar terms.

(p)      Investments

All of the Company's investments are classified as available for sale and reported at fair value. Any related unrealized gains and losses are excluded from earnings and reported net of income tax as a separate component of shareholders' equity until realized. There were no unrealized gains or losses for the years end 2005, 2004 and 2003. Realized gains and losses on sales of securities are based on the specific identification method. Declines in the fair value of investment securities below their carrying value that are other than temporary are recognized in earnings. As of December 31, 2005, the Company’s investments consisted entirely of guaranteed investment contracts at a fixed interest rate of 2.25 percent.

(q)      Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS 150 “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liability and Equity.” SFAS 150 established standards for how an issuer classifies and measures certain financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and equity and requires that an issuer classify a financial instrument that is within its scope as a liability (or an asset in some circumstances). The Company has determined that SFAS No. 150 will not have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.

In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 151, Inventory Costs – An Amendment of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 43, Chapter 4 (SFAS No. 151). SFAS No. 151 amends the guidance in ARB No. 43, Chapter 4 “Inventory Pricing”, to clarify the accounting for abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and wasted material (spoilage). Among other provisions, the new rule requires that items such as idle facility expense, excessive spoilage, double freight, and rehandling costs be recognized as current-period charges regardless of whether they meet the criterion of “so abnormal” as stated in ARB No.

F-9

VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(2)      Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - (Continued)

(q)      Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements - Continued

43. Additionally, SFAS No. 151 requires that the allocation of fixed production overheads to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. SFAS No. 151 is effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005, and will be required to be adopted by the Company effective January 1, 2006. The Company has determined that the adoption of SFAS No. 151 will not have a material impact on its results of operations and financial condition.

In December 2004, the FASB issued a revision to SFAS 123R (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, which replaces SFAS No. 123 and supercedes APB Opinion No. 25. The revision requires all entities to recognize compensation expense in an amount equal to the fair value of share-based payments granted to employees. The statement eliminates the alternative method of accounting for employee share-based payments previously available under APB Opinion No. 25. The provisions of the statement will become effective for the Company in the fiscal year beginning January 1, 2006 for all equity awards granted after the effective date. The Company has determined that the adoption of SFAS No. 123R will not have a material effect on results of operations because there are currently no share-based payments or stock option plans.

In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS 153 “Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets, an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29” effective for nonmonetary asset exchanges occurring in the fiscal year beginning January 1, 2006. SFAS 153 requires that exchanges of productive assets be accounted for at fair value unless fair value cannot be reasonably determined or the transaction lacks commercial substance. SFAS 153 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

In May of 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections - a replacement of APB Opinion No. 20 and SFAS 3. SFAS 154 applies to all voluntary changes in accounting principle and requires retrospective application to prior periods' financial statements in accounting principle unless it is impracticable to determine either the period-specific effects or the cumulative effect of the change. Adoption of SFAS 154 is required for accounting changes and error corrections made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. The Company will adopt this new standard effective January 1, 2006. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

(r)      Reclassifications

Certain amounts in the 2004 and 2003 financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the 2005 presentation.

 

F-10

VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)
                       
(3)     
Inventories                     
A summary of inventories follows:  December 31,     
June 30, 
      2004      2005      2006 
                  (Unaudited) 
 
 Raw Materials    $  687,430    $ 
625,173 
  $ 
691,001 
 
 Finished Goods      -     
100,405 
   
  30,658 
 
     
   
   
 
 
 Total Inventory    $  687,430    $ 
725,578 
  $ 
721,659 
 
     
   
   
 

(4)      Restricted Assets

The Company is required to hold cash in reserve in separate trust accounts applicable to its $5,000,000 Cleveland County Industrial Authority Industrial Development Revenue Bonds, issued December 2004, and to secure a letter of credit for purposes of self insurance for worker’s compensation. See Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements. These assets are restricted as follows:

     
December 31,
June 30, 
     
2004
2005 
2006 
     
(Unaudited) 
 
Project construction account   
$ 
3,460,500    
$ 
1,445,834 
      $ 
- 
 
Debt reserve account 
 
500,000    
510,372         
513,987 
 
Interest fund account 
 
-    
70,916         
185,982 
 
Accrued interest receivable 
 
4,704    
3,929         
- 
 
Certificate of deposit 
 
-    
256,000         
256,000 
 
   

   

       
 
Total Restricted Assets 
 
$ 
3,965,204    
$ 
2,287,051        $ 
955,969 
 
   

   

       
 
 
(5)     
Property and Equipment 
 
   
         
 
Property and equipment, at cost, consists of the following:    
         
 
   
December 31,        
June 30, 
 
   
2004
   
2005         
2006 
 
   
   
         
(Unaudited) 
 
 
Land   
$ 
287,844    
$
199,762       
$ 
199,762 
 
Plant and improvements   
4,899,795    
5,919,477         
5,919,477 
 
Machinery and equipment   
3,241,504    
4,640,603         
4,640,603 
 
Transportation equipment   
1,622,651    
1,948,712         
2,050,712 
 
Office equipment   
24,146    
63,382         
78,382 
 
Construction in progress   
1,622,693    
389,393         
2,289,011 
 
   

   

       
 
   
11,698,633
   
13,161,329 
       
15,177,947 
 
 
Less accumulated depreciation   
2,445,626    
3,325,067         
3,854,520 
 
   

   

       
 
 
Net Property, Plant and Equipment   
$ 
9,253,007    
$
9,836,262       
$ 
11,323,427 
 
   

   

       
 

F-11

VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(6)      Assets Held for Sale

Assets held for sale, at cost, net of impairments, consists of the following:

     
December 31, 
June 30, 
     
2004 
2005 
2006 
     
(Unaudited) 
 
Plant and improvements, Stroud, Oklahoma 
  $  40,000    $ 
40,000 
  $  40,000   
     
   
   
 

(7)      Line of Credit

The Company has a $4,000,000 secured bank line of credit, due on October 31, 2006, at an interest rate of Wall Street Journal prime plus 0.75%, with an initial rate of 6.75% . The line of credit is secured by accounts receivable, inventory and general intangibles. At June 30, 2006, short-term borrowings under this line of credit were $ 2,814,294. The Company had $1,185,706 available under this line of credit at June 30, 2006. The Company had a line of credit balance at December 31, 2005 was $2,314,294. The line of credit contains certain financial covenants which replicate those covenants of the Cleveland County Industrial Authority bond issue, some of which the Company was not in compliance. The Company has not obtained a waiver of the financial covenants. See detail on Cleveland County Industrial Authority.

(8)      Long-Term Debt and Capital Lease Obligation

Long-term debt consists of the following:

 
December 31, 
December 31, 
  June 30, 
  2004    2005    2006 
                (Unaudited) 
Industrial Development Revenue Bonds issued
           
by the Cleveland County Industrial Authority,
           
payable in annual principal installments
           
starting December 1, 2006, in amounts ranging
           
from $100,000 to $515,000, interest payable
           
semi-annually at rates varying from 6.75% to
           
7.10%, secured by real property and
           
equipment, pledge of rents and revenues and a
           
limited personal guaranty of the principal
           
shareholder, final payment due on December
           
1, 2024.
  $ 5,000,000    $ 5,000,000    $ 4,845,001 
     
Real estate loan at variable rate of LIBOR plus
           
4.00%, adjusted every quarter, rate at June 30,
           
2006 is 9.00%, secured by the Company’s plant
           
and related real estate, monthly principal and
           
interest payments of $28,954, due and payable
           
on August 1, 2028.
  3,405,513    3,359,723    3,331,042 

F-12

VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(8)      Long-Term Debt and Capital Lease Obligation - (Continued)

   
December 31, 
December 31, 
    June 30, 
    2004      2005      2006 
                (Unaudited) 
Real estate loan at a fixed rate of 5.75% until                 
July 22, 2006, converting to a rate of National                 
prime plus 1.75%, secured by related real                 
estate, monthly principal and interest                 
payments of $1,970, due and payable on July                 
22, 2009.    $ 231,610    $  219,602    $  208,080 
 
Equipment loan at fixed rate of 7.00%, secured                 
by certain manufacturing equipment, monthly                 
principal and interest payments of $2,395, due                 
and payable on September 15, 2007.    71,693      47,200      34,293 
 
Equipment loan at fixed rate of 6.62%, secured                 
by certain manufacturing equipment, monthly                 
principal and interest payments of $14,822,                 
due and payable on January 31, 2010. This loan                 
was subsequently paid with proceeds of the                 
Industrial Development Revenue Bonds.    889,186      -      - 
 
Consolidated entity - Overhaul of aircraft                 
engine loan at fixed rate of 8.00%, secured by                 
2nd lien on aircraft, monthly payment and                 
interest payments of $2,261.    -      42,210      30,130 
 
Various vehicle and equipment loans at various                 
fixed rates, secured by related vehicles and                 
equipment, payment terms and maturity dates                 
vary from loan to loan.    489,593      513,080      471,529 
 
Consolidated entity - Loan at variable rate of                 
lender index plus 1.75%, rate at June 30, 2006                 
is 10.00%, secured by an airplane, monthly                 
principal and interest payments of $2,655, final                 
payment due on April 25, 2019.    247,629      237,433      229,678 
 
Consolidated entity - Real estate at fixed rate                 
of 7.00%, secured by related real estate,                 
monthly principal and interest payments of                 
$1,230, due and payable on April 15, 2005.    19,127      -      - 
   
   
   
 
    10,354,351      9,419,248      9,149,753 
Less current portion    386,740      690,308      671,983 
   
   
   
Net Long-term debt    $ 9,967,611    $  8,728,940    $  8,477,770 
     
   
   

F-13

VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(8)      Long-Term Debt and Capital Lease Obligation - (Continued)

The Industrial Development Revenue Bonds issued by Cleveland County Industrial Authority contain certain financial covenants as follows:

Debt Service Coverage Ratio: The Company is required to maintain a debt service coverage ratio of 1.50 to 1.00. The ratio will be reported to the Trustee and beneficial owners of the Industrial Development Bonds quarterly for each of the previous four quarters. If the debt service coverage ratio reported for each of the previous four quarters is less than 1.50 to 1.00 the Company could be required to retain a consultant at the request of our revenue bond holders. No consultant has been retained even though the ratio has fallen below the requirement. For the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company’s debt service coverage ratio is 0.72 to 1.00

Current Ratio: The Company is required to maintain a current ratio of 1.10 to 1.00 calculated as of the last day of each calendar quarter beginning after January 1, 2006. As of December 31, 2005, the Company’s current ratio is 0.64 to 1.00.

Debt to Equity Ratio: The Company is required to maintain a debt to equity ratio of not more than 4.00 to 1.00 calculated as of the last day of each calendar quarter beginning after January 1, 2006. As of December 31, 2005, the Company’s debt to equity ratio is 16.89 to 1.00.

Accounts Payable: The Company agrees that not more than 10% of its accounts payable shall be in excess of 75 days past due. The Company is in compliance with this covenant as of December 31, 2005.

Accounts Receivable: The Company agrees that not more than 20% of accounts receivable will be in excess of 90 days past due. The Company is in compliance with this covenant as of December 31, 2005.

Noncompliance with the debt service coverage ratio, the current ratio, or the debt to equity ratio will not be considered an event of default under the terms of the agreement. Noncompliance with the above ratios will result in an increase in the interest rate on each of the Bonds of 1% until the Company is in compliance with the required ratios.

Capital lease obligations consist of the following:                   
 
   
December 31, 
December 31, 
June 30, 
   
2004 
     
2005 
     
2006 
Various equipment leases at various fixed rates,   
(Unaudited) 
secured by related equipment, payment terms and                   
maturity dates vary from lease to lease.    $  986,337    $  812,141       $  731,303 
 
Less current portion      180,015      162,804      162,593 






 
Net Long-term Capital Lease Obligations    $  806,322    $  649,337       $  568,710 







F-14

VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

 

Future principal payments for long-term debt and capital lease obligations at December 31, 2005 are as follows:

 Year Ending   
   
Capital Lease 
     
 December 31,   
Long-Term Debt 
          
Obligation 
          
Total 
       2006    $  690,308    $  162,804    $ 853,112 
       2007      626,834      169,118    795,952 
       2008      534,195      185,168    719,363 
       2009      712,543      202,748    915,291 
       2010      527,411      92,303    619,714 
       2011-2028      6,327,957      -    6,327,957 






 
Principal outstanding at 
               
December 31, 2005    $  9,419,248    $  812,141    $ 10,231,389 







(9)      Accrued Liabilities

A summary of accrued liabilities follows:

   
December 31, 
December 31, 
June 30, 
   
2004 
     
2005 
     
2006 
   
(Unaudited) 
Accrued compensation   
$ 
171,812   
$ 
195,261    $ 187,113 
Accrued rebates   
323,151   
419,821    544,334 
Accrued promotions/incentives   
78,692   
74,612    64,221 
Accrued worker’s compensation   
-   
41,749    31,716 
Accrued interest expense   
26,843   
105,467    197,265 
Accrued property taxes   
-   
-    24,178 
Accrued legal expenses   
-   
-    67,500 
Accrued payroll taxes   
21,222   
153,522    81,156 






 
Total Accrued Liabilities   
$ 
621,720   
$ 
990,432    $ 1,197,483 







(10)     Income Taxes

Income tax expense (benefit) for the year ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005 and the six month periods ended June 30, 2005 and 2006, consist of the following:

   
December 31, 
     
December 31,
     
December 31,
June 30, 
June 30,
   
2003 
2004
2005 
     
2005 
     
2006 
   
(Unaudited) 
(Unaudited)
Current:                         
Federal   
$ 
-    $ 36,771    
$
-    
$ 
-   
$
-  
State   
-    -     -       -    -  

















   
-    36,771     -       -    -  

















Deferred:   
                   
Federal   
53,451    185,663    
(135,156
)      (25,031)  
(208,989
) 
State   
17,748    (30,453 )   
(24,511
)      (4,768)  
(39,808
) 

















   
71,199    155,210    
(159,667
)      (29,799)  
(248,797
) 

















   
$ 
71,199    $ 191,981     $
(159,667
)   
$ 
(29,799)   $
(248,797
) 


















F-15

VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)
                         
         (10)       Income Taxes - (Continued)   
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:   
December 31,
December 31,
June 30, 
     
2004
     
2005
     
2006 
                     
(Unaudited) 
 
       Deferred Tax Assets Related To:               
 
           Tax credits and NOL carryforwards    $  237,365     $  411,856    
$ 
657,056 
               Accruals and allowances 
    34,952       40,539    
52,831 
               Less valuation allowance 
    -       -    
- 







     
               Total Deferred Tax Asset 
    272,317       452,395    
709,887 







 
       Deferred Tax Liabilities Related To:               
 
           Property and equipment 
    526,812       547,223    
541,897 







 
               Total Deferred Tax Liability      526,812       547,223    
541,897 







 
       Net Deferred Tax (Liability)    $  (254,495 )    $  (94,828 )   
$ 
167,990 







 
       Current asset portion    $  34,952     $  40,539    
$ 
28,803 
       Non-current asset (liability) portion      (289,447 )      (135,367 )   
139,187 







 
       Net Deferred Tax (Liability)    $  (254,495 )    $  (94,828 )   
$ 
167,990 








In assessing the realizability of the net deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon either the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible or the carryback of losses to recover income taxes previously paid during the carryback period.

As of December 31, 2005, the Company has a net operating loss carryfoward of $ 675,559 which, if unused, will commence expiring in 2018 and state new jobs/investment credit carryforwards totaling $ 131,116 which, if unused, will commence expiring in 2006.

Actual income tax expenses differ from "expected" income tax, computed by applying the U.S. Federal corporate tax rate of 34% to earnings from operations before income taxes, as follows:

   
December 31,
December 31,
December 31,
 
   
2003
     
2004
     
2005
 
 
     Computed "expected" income taxes    $ 81,474     $ 181,657     $ (135,156 ) 
     State income taxes, net of federal             
           income tax    14,378     32,057     (24,511 ) 
     Utilization of net operating loss             
           carryforwards against current income 
  (24,653 )    (21,733 )    -  
     State new jobs/investment credits    -     -     -  









 
    $ 71,199     $ 191,981     $ (159,667 ) 










F-16

VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(11)      Operating Leases

The Company has noncancelable long-term operating leases for certain distribution equipment with various expiration dates. The leases require the Company to pay a base rate plus specific mileage amounts. Future minimum annual lease payments for these long-term leases for the next five years ending December 31,

2006 
  $  333,202 
2007 
    262,088 
2008 
    232,615 
2009 
    57,285 
2010 
    - 

 
    $  885,190 


(12)      Employee Benefit Plans

In 2002, the Company adopted a Flexible 401(k) plan covering all full-time employees with a minimum of one year of service. The Company makes contributions under the plan at an amount equal to 25% of the employee’s elective deferral rate, up to a maximum of 4% of the employee’s compensation. The Company’s contributions to the Flexible 401(k) plan for 2003, 2004 and 2005, were $2,898, $8,479 and $11,668, respectively. Contributions for the six month periods ending June 30, 2005 and 2006 were $4,171 and 2,461 respectively.

(13)      Major Customers

The Company has supply arrangements with twelve separate Wal-Mart distribution centers, representing about 9% of its customer sales, and supply arrangements with several independent Sysco Foods distributors account for approximately 23% of gross sales revenues. While such purchasers are each independent, it is possible that a termination of a purchasing arrangement with any such entity could adversely affect business relationships with related entities.

F-17

VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(14)      Related Party Transactions

Allison Gourmet Kitchens, Limited Partnership

On March 1, 2003, the two stockholders of the Company became limited partners in Allison's Gourmet Kitchens, Limited Partnership (the “Partnership”); an Oklahoma limited partnership involved in the retail sale of deli salads.

During the normal course of business, the Company sells raw materials and finished goods, provides freight services to the Partnership and purchases finished goods for resale to its customers. These purchases and sales are on substantially the same terms as similar transactions with unrelated customers. During the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004 and 2005, the Company’s sales, including freight services, to the Partnership and purchases from the Partnership were as follows:

      2003    2004    2005    June 30,    June 30, 
                  2005    2006 
                  (unaudited)    (unaudited) 
Sales to Partnership   
$
215,273 
 
$
429,997 
 
$
726,769 
 
$
391,672 
 
$
444,260 

     

     

     

     

 
Freight Revenue from Partnership   
$
208,294 
 
$
359,852 
 
$
576,539 
 
$
255,881 
 
$
311,030 









 
Purchases from Partnership   
$ 
944,258 
 
$
761,077 
 
$
602,841 
 
$
370,986 
 
$
280,414 










At December 31, 2003, 2004, 2005 and June 30, 2005 and 2006, trade accounts receivable includes $0, $29,136, $30,995, $53,579 and $129,509 respectively, from the Partnership. Receivables related to freight services were $0, $0, $225, $0 and $0 respectively.

The Company leases a portion of its facilities to the Partnership on an annual lease arrangement. The lease agreement provides for nine consecutive one year options to extend the lease agreement. The Company received $182,060, $196,567, $295,593, $113,757 and $133,623 under this lease during the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004, 2005, and the six month periods ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 respectively. The Company and the Partnership share utilities and other facility expenses through periodic reimbursement. The total utilities that are shared between the two entities resulted in a reimbursement to the Company of $117,718, $116,826, $203,169, $80,300 and $121,506 for fiscal 2003, 2004, 2005 and the six month periods ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 respectively. At December 31, 2003, 2004, 2005 and June 30, 2005 and 2006, the Company was owed $79,922, $115,612, $304,671, $100,186 and $302,081 in outstanding reimbursements from the Partnership, respectively.

The Company receives reimbursement from Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens, LTD for services provided by staff in relation to administration, sales and other in the amounts of $ 62,000, $131,732, $130,422, $94,270 and $105,270 for fiscal 2003, 2004, 2005 and the six month periods ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 respectively.

F-18


VAUGHAN FOODS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(15)      Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is subject to legal proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary course of business. Although occasional adverse decisions or settlements may occur, the Company is not aware of any proceeding at December 31, 2003, 2004, 2005 and June 30, 2006 which would have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

(16)      Cimarron Holdings, L.L.C.

The Company’s two shareholders each have a 50% ownership in Cimarron. Cimarron owns an airplane that is used by Company management. The Company has not guaranteed the obligations of Cimarron, but is making the debt service payments for Cimarron, as well as all of the costs of maintenance and operations of the airplane.

The Company’s consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Cimarron. The consolidation of Cimarron increased the Company’s consolidated total assets and liabilities at December 31, 2004, 2005 and June 30, 2006 as follows:

   
December 31, 
December 31, 
June 30, 
   
2004 
2005 
2006 
   
(unaudited) 
 
Total assets 
$ 
347,253            
$ 
266,804            
$ 
243,235 






 
Total liabilities 
$ 
266,756   
$ 
279,643   
$ 
259,808 







(17)      Subsequent Events (unaudited)

On June 15 2006, the Company’s board of directors approved a stock dividend of 6,249 shares for each share of common stock. As a result stockholders received 6,249 shares of stock for each share held as of June 30, 2006. The par value of the Company’s common stock was reduced to $0.001 per share. All share amounts have been restated to reflect the stock split, except the Statement of Stockholders’ Equity, which reflects the stock split by reclassifying from “Additional Paid-In Capital” to “Common Stock” the amount necessary to reflect the stock split and the change in par value.

The Company entered into 10% secured subordinated promissory notes on July 17, 2007 for an aggregate of $2,000,000. The notes are secured by the pledge by the Company’s stockholders of their 60% of the limited partnership interests in Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens, LP. The notes are payable on the earlier of the consummation of subsequent equity financing generating gross proceeds of at least $5 million, or June 30, 2007. As additional consideration for their purchase of notes, each purchaser will receive that number of equity securities to be issued in any initial public offering consummated before June 30, 2007, having a value, at the initial public offering price, of 50% of the notes purchased by that investor. Proceeds of the note will be used to complete construction of an addition to the existing facility.

The Company agreed to enter into a 10% non-secured promissory note on September 21, 2006 for $1,000,000. The maturity date is the earlier of one year from date of issue, on or about September 25, 2006, or the consummation of any initial public offering consummated before the maturity date.

F-19


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Partners of
Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens, Limited Partnership
Moore, Oklahoma

We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens, Limited Partnership as of December 31, 2004 and 2005, and the related statements of operations, partners’ equity and cash flows period from March 1, 2003 (date of formation) to December 31, 2003, and for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2005. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Partnership’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Partnership is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens, Limited Partnership as of December 31, 2004 and 2005, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the period from March 1, 2003 to December 31, 2003, and the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2005, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

/s/ Cole & Reed, P.C.

Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
April 19, 2006


F-20

ALLISON'S GOURMET KITCHENS, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
BALANCE SHEETS

                   
December 31, 2004    December 31, 2005    June 30, 2006 
              (Unaudited) 
Assets            
Current assets:               
     Cash and cash equivalents  $ 
- 
 
$
600,498   
$ 
5,202 
     Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of               
       $ 11,331 at December 31, 2004, $35,462 at December 31, 2005 and               
       $20,209 at June 30, 2006    1,022,685    652,430      2,014,959 
     Note receivable    16,048    13,298      13,665 
     Inventories    572,310    565,873      835,926 
     Prepaid expenses   
- 
  9,601      45,025 






 
             Total current assets    1,611,043    1,841,700      2,914,777 






 
Property and equipment, net    575,694    945,699      2,029,153 






 
Other assets:               
     Intangible asset    51,119    34,976      34,556 






 
             TOTAL    2,237,856    2,822,375      4,978,486 






 
 
Liabilities and Partners' Equity
           
Current liabilities:               
     Disbursements in transit    42,023   
- 
    154,804 
     Line of credit    -   
- 
    262,397 
     Accounts payable    496,928    407,630      1,392,194 
     Accounts payable, related party    144,748    335,666      302,081 
     Accrued liabilities    154,454    328,153      266,751 
     Current portion of long-term debt    91,377    91,209      69,444 
     Current portion of capital lease obligation    61,829    66,719      3,221 






 
             Total current liabilities    991,359    1,229,377      2,450,892 






 
Long-term debt, net of current portion    72,997    80,930      875,634 
Capital lease obligation, net of current portion    204,184    123,664      5,904 






 
             Total long-term liabilities    277,181    204,594      881,538 






 
Partners' Equity:               
Limited partners' equity    959,623    1,374,515      1,617,846 
General partner's equity    9,693    13,889      28,210 






 
             Total partners' equity    969,316    1,388,404      1,646,056 






 
             TOTAL  $  2,237,856   
$
2,822,375   
$ 
4,978,486 






 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

F-21


 

ALLISON'S GOURMET KITCHENS, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

              Six Months Ended 
  Year Ended December 31,    June 30, 




  2003    2004    2005    2005    2006 










              (Unaudited)    (Unaudited) 
       Net sales  $ 3,382,269    $ 9,173,248    $ 13,110,516    $ 7,062,460    $ 8,627,187 
       Cost of sales  2,601,996    6,951,176    9,845,433    5,324,407    6,713,974 










               Gross profit  780,273    2,222,072    3,265,083    1,738,053    1,913,213 
       Selling, general and administrative expenses 
581,161    1,357,793    2,021,227    1,022,144    1,316,656 
       Management fee - General partner  82,363    249,917    335,083    190,151    169,555 










               Selling, General and Administrative expenses  663,524    1,607,710    2,356,310    1,212,295    1,486,211 










               Operating income  116,749    614,362    908,773    525,758    427,002 
       Interest expense  15,682    31,827    11,236    12,589    40,212 










               Net earnings  $ 101,067    $ 582,535    $ 897,537    $ 513,169    $ 386,790 










 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
 
F-22


ALLISON'S GOURMET KITCHENS, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
STATEMENT OF PARTNERS' EQUITY

              Total  
    Limited      
General
    Partners'  
    Partners      
Partner
    Equity  


 

 

 
Initial contribution of general partner    $ -     $ 2,857     $ 2,857  
Initial contribution of limited partners    282,857       -     282,857  
Net income applicable to the period               
      from March 1, 2003 to December 31, 2003 
  100,056       1,011     101,067  


 
 


Balance at December 31, 2003   
$
382,913     $ 3,868     $ 386,781  
Net income applicable to the period               
      from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2004 
  576,710       5,825     582,535  


 

 

 
Balance at December 31, 2004   
$
959,623     $ 9,693    
$
969,316  
Distributions to general partner    -       (4,779 )    (4,779 ) 
Distributions to limited partners    (473,670 )      -     (473,670 ) 
Net income applicable to the period               
      from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2005 
  888,562       8,975     897,537  





 

 
Balance at December 31, 2005   
$
1,374,514     $ 13,889    
$
1,388,404  
Distributions to general partner (Unaudited)    -       (4,877 )    (4,877 ) 
Distributions to limited partners (Unaudited)    (124,260 )      -     (124,260 ) 
Net income applicable to the period from               
 January 1, 2006 to June 30, 2006 (Unaudited)    382,922       3,868     386,790  


 

 

 
Balance at June 30, 2006 (Unaudited)    $ 1,633,176     $ 12,879     $ 1,646,056  


 

 

 
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
 
F-23


ALLISON'S GOURMET KITCHENS, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

                  Six Months Ended  
   
Year Ended December 31,
     
June 30, 
 


 



 
   
2003
   
2004
     
2005
         2005       
2006
 





 

 





 
                 
(Unaudited)
     
(Unaudited)
 
Cash flows from operating activities:                           
     Net earnings   
$
101,067    
$
582,535    
$ 
897,537    
$
513,169       $  386,790  
     Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash                           
         provided by (used in) operating activities:                           
             Depreciation and amortization    34,192     76,120       104,019     52,259       60,713  
             Changes in assets and liabilities:                           
                     Accounts and notes receivable   
(246,339
) 
(792,394
)      373,006    
(140,199
)   
(1,362,896
) 
                     Inventories   
(267,045
) 
(305,265
)      6,437    
(107,064
)      (139,095 ) 
                     Prepaid Expenses    -     -       (9,601 )   
- 
      (35,424 ) 
                     Disbursements in transit    -     42,023       (42,023 )   
- 
      154,804  
                     Accounts payable    138,188     358,740       (89,298 )    101,566       796,645  
                     Accounts payable, related party    115,236     29,512       190,918    
- 
      (33,585 ) 
                     Accrued liabilities    77,986     76,468       173,699     147,730       (103,417 ) 








 

 

 
 
                             Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities   
(46,715
)    67,739       1,604,694     567,461       (275,465 ) 








 

 

 
 
Cash flows from investing activities:                           
     Payments received on notes receivable    -     -       -     16,048       -  
     Cash paid for property and equipment   
(378,282
)   
(278,129
)      (457,880 )   
(140,492
)      (594,635 ) 
     Cash paid for intangible assets   
(80,714
)    -      
-
- 
      (7,661 ) 








 


 

 
 
                             Net cash used in investing activities   
(458,996
) 
(278,129
) 
(457,880 )   
(124,444
)      (602,296 ) 








 

 

 
 
Cash flows from financing activities:                           
     Partner contributions    285,714     -       -    
- 
-
 
     Partner distributions    -     -       (478,452 )   
(269,755
)      (129,138 ) 
     Proceeds from line of credit    173,288     450,750      
-
- 
      220,291  
     Repayments of line of credit   
(173,288
)   
(450,750
)     
-
- 
     
-
 
     Payments on long-term debt and capital leases    -    
(104,603
)      (163,495 )   
(22,667
)      (362,522 ) 
     Proceeds of long-term debt    324,331     210,659       95,631     33,682       553,834  


 

 

 

 

 
 
                             Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities    610,045     106,056       (546,316 )   
(258,740
)      282,465  


 

 

 

 

 
 
                             Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents    104,334    
(104,334
)      600,498     184,277       (595,296 ) 


 




 

 

 
 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period    -     104,334      
-
   
- 
      600,498  


 

 

 


 

 
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period   
$
104,334     $ 
-
   
$ 
600,498    
$
184,277     $  5,202  


 

 

 

 

 
 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:                           
     Cash paid during the period for:                           
             Interest   
$
15,682     30,097    
$ 
24,566    
$
12,589     $  22,057  


 

 

 

 

 
 
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:                           
     Acquisition of Property and Equipment through assumtion of                           
           Long-term debt and other liabilities    $
-
$
-
   
$ 
-
    $ 
-
      $  541,451  





 

 


 

 
     Acquisition of Inventory through assumtion of   
     
   
       
           debt and other liabilities    $
-
$
-
   
$ 
-
    $ 
-
      $  130,958  





 

 


 

 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
 
F-24


ALLISON’S GOURMET KITCHENS,
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
Notes to Financial Statements

(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(1) Nature of Operations

Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens, Ltd. (the “Partnership”) is an Oklahoma-based specialty food processor serving customers in a multi-state region. The Partnership operates from a manufacturing facility in Moore, Oklahoma.

(2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

(a) Basis of Reporting

This summary of significant accounting policies of the Partnership is presented to assist in understanding the Partnership’s financial statements. The financial statements and notes are representations of the Partnership’s management who is responsible for the integrity and objectivity of the financial statements. These accounting policies conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and have been consistently applied in the preparation of the financial statements.

(b) Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Wild About Food – Oklahoma, a Texas limited liability company. Wild About Food was created, certain assets purchased and certain liabilities assumed, on May 17, 2006, consisting of total assets of $459,853 and total liabilities of $434,042. In conjunction with the purchase, a payout agreement was entered into based on certain financial performance of the assets. Wild About Food is wholly owned by Allison’s Gourmet Kitchens. The partnership advanced monies for use as operating capital. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

(c) Disbursements in Transit

Disbursements in transit relate to items in which a check has been issued from the partnership, but the collection of the check has not processed thru the partnership’s financial institution.

(d) Basis of Assets and Liabilities

Assets contributed to the partnership and liabilities assumed by the partnership are recorded at their estimated fair values. These values can differ from the adjusted cost basis used by the individual partner who contributed the asset or for whom a liability was assumed. These differences are not reported as timing differences in the financial statements of the partnership. The adjusted cost basis is used by each partner in determining his personal income tax liability.

F-25


ALLISON’S GOURMET KITCHENS,
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
Notes to Financial Statements

(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - (Continued)

(e) Unaudited Interim Financial Information

The balance sheets and statement of partners’ equity as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2006, and the statements of operations and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006, and related information contained in the notes to financial statements are unaudited. These unaudited interim financial statements and notes have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Management asserts that the preparation of the unaudited interim financial statements utilize the same basis as that of the audited financial statements. Management further asserts that the unaudited interim financial statements fairly represent the Company’s financial position.

(f) Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purposes of the statements of cash flows, the Partnership considers investments with maturities of three months or less at date of purchase to be cash equivalents.

(g) Accounts Receivable and Credit Policies

Trade accounts receivable are uncollateralized customer obligations due under normal trade terms requiring payment with 15 to 21 days from the invoice date. Receivables are recorded based on the amounts invoiced to customers. Interest and delinquency fees are not generally assessed and, if they are assessed, are not included in income or trade accounts receivable. Discounts allowed for early payment, if any, are charged against income when the payment is received.

Payments of accounts receivable are allocated to the specific invoices identified on the customer’s remittance advice or, if unspecified, are applied to the earliest unpaid invoices. The carrying amounts of accounts receivable is reduced by an allowance for doubtful accounts that reflects management’s best estimate of the amounts that will not be collected.

Management provides for probable uncollectible amounts through a charge to earnings and a credit to the allowance for doubtful accounts based on historical collection trends and an assessment of the creditworthiness of current customers. The adequacy of the valuation allowance is evaluated periodically through an individual assessment of potential losses on customer accounts giving particular emphasis to accounts with invoices unpaid more than 60 days past the due date. Balances that are still outstanding after management has used reasonable collection efforts are written off through a charge to the valuation allowance and a credit to trade accounts receivable. Recoveries on accounts previously written off are credited back to the valuation allowance. Allowances for uncollectible accounts have been recorded in the amount of $35,462 and $11,331 as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

F-26


ALLISON’S GOURMET KITCHENS,
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
Notes to Financial Statements

(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - (Continued)

(h) Inventories

Inventories consist principally of food products and are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or market.

(i) Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost. The Partnership leases facilities from Vaughan Foods Corporation and currently does not hold any real property as an asset. See note 11 for discussion of the lease agreement. Equipment acquired under capital lease is recorded at the present value of future minimum lease payments and amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the asset. Assets are depreciated on the straight-line method. Estimated useful lives are as follows:

Equipment 
 
7 to 10 years 

(j) Income Taxes

A partnership is not a tax-paying entity. Any income or operating loss arising from the activities of the partnership is reported, after appropriate adjustments, on the personal income tax returns of the partners. Adjustments to the income or loss allocated to a particular partner will be required when the tax basis and accounting basis of net contributions (assets contributed, net of liabilities assumed) made by an individual partner are not equal. Because the partnership is not a tax-paying entity, its financial statements are different from those of tax-paying entities. Specifically, on the income statement there is no provision for federal income tax expense that must be paid because income was earned during the year. In addition, the balance sheet does not present a liability for income taxes incurred but not yet paid as of the balance sheet date. Also, the balance sheet does not present any deferred tax assets or liabilities that might arise from different methods used to measure net income for the income statement and taxable income for the individual partners.

(k) Use of Estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

(l) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities are measured at cost which approximates their fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments. The carrying amount of the Partnership’s borrowings under the line of credit and long-term debt approximates their fair value because the interest rate on the instruments fluctuate with market interest rates or represents borrowing rates available with similar terms.

F-27


ALLISON’S GOURMET KITCHENS,
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
Notes to Financial Statements

(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - (Continued).

(m) Revenue Recognition

The Partnership recognizes revenue, net of related sales discounts and allowances, when products are delivered to the customers. Revenues also include those amounts related to shipping and handling. Shipping and handling expenses are included in cost of goods sold. Consideration from a vendor to a retailer is presumed to be a reduction to the selling price of the vendor’s products and, therefore, should be characterized as a reduction of sales when recognized in the vendor’s income statement. As a result, certain promotional expenses are recorded as a reduction of net sales.

(n) Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS 150 “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liability and Equity.” SFAS 150 established standards for how an issuer classifies and measures certain financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and equity and requires that an issuer classify a financial instrument that is within its scope as a liability (or an asset in some circumstances). The Partnership has determined that SFAS 150 will not have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.

In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS 151, Inventory Costs – An Amendment of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 43, Chapter 4 (SFAS 151). SFAS 151 amends the guidance in ARB 43, Chapter 4 “Inventory Pricing”, to clarify the accounting for abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and wasted material (spoilage). Among other provisions, the new rule requires that items such as idle facility expense, excessive spoilage, double freight, and rehandling costs be recognized as current-period charges regardless of whether they meet the criterion of “so abnormal” as stated in ARB 43. Additionally, SFAS 151 requires that the allocation of fixed production overheads to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. SFAS 151 is effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005, and was required to be adopted by the Partnership effective January 1, 2006. The Partnership has determined that the adoption of SFAS 151 will not have a material impact on its results of operations and financial condition.

In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS 123R (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, which replaces SFAS 123R and supercedes APB Opinion 25. The revision requires all entities to recognize compensation expense in an amount equal to the fair value of share-based payments granted to employees. The statement eliminates the alternative method of accounting for employee share-based payments previously available under APB Opinion 25. The provisions of the statement will become effective for the Partnership in the fiscal year beginning January 1, 2006 for all equity awards granted after the effective date. The Partnership has determined that the adoption of SFAS 123R will not have a material effect on results of operations because there are currently no share-based payments or stock option plans.

F-28


ALLISON’S GOURMET KITCHENS,
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
Notes to Financial Statements

(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - (Continued).

In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS 153 “Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets, an amendment of APB Opinion 29” effective for nonmonetary asset exchanges occurring in the fiscal year beginning January 1, 2006. SFAS 153 requires that exchanges of productive assets be accounted for at fair value unless fair value cannot be reasonably determined or the transaction lacks commercial substance. SFAS 153 will not have a material effect on the Partnership’s financial position or results of operations.

In May of 2005, the FASB issued SFAS 154, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections - a replacement of APB Opinion 20 and SFAS 3. SFAS 154 applies to all voluntary changes in accounting principle and requires retrospective application to prior periods' financial statements in accounting principle unless it is impracticable to determine either the period-specific effects or the cumulative effect of the change. Adoption of SFAS 154 is required for accounting changes and error corrections made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. The Partnership adopted this new standard effective January 1, 2006. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material effect on the Partnership's financial statements.

(3) Inventories

A summary of inventories follows:

        December 31,      June 30, 
        2004      2005      2006 
                    (unaudited) 
 
  Raw materials and packaging    $  514,573    $  487,413    $  667,165 
  Finished goods      57,737     78,460     168,761 
     

 

 

 
  Total Inventory    $  572,310    $  565,873    $  835,926 
     

 

 


F-29


ALLISON’S GOURMET KITCHENS,
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
Notes to Financial Statements

(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(4 )  Property and Equipment 
                 
Property and equipment, at cost, consists of the following:             
    December 31,      June 30, 
 
2004 
2005 
    2006 
                (Unaudited) 
Machinery and equipment   
$ 
607,021 
 
$ 
791,992
 
$ 
1,339,137 
Construction in progress   
49,390 
 
322,300
 
911,240
 

 

 

 
656,411 
 
1,114,292 
 
2,250,377 
Less accumulated depreciation   
80,717
 
168,593
 
221,224
   

 

 

Net Property, Plant and Equipment 
 
$ 
575,694 
 
$ 
945,699
 
$ 
2,029,153 
 


 


 


(5) Line of Credit

The Partnership has a $1,000,000 secured bank line of credit, initiated on March 3, 2006, at an interest rate of Wall Street Journal prime plus 0.50%, with an initial rate of 8.00% . Interest is payable on a monthly basis. The line of credit was secured by all of the Partnership assets, including accounts receivable, inventory and equipment and personal guaranties of all of the partners. At June 30, 2006, short-term borrowings under this line of credit were $220,291. The bank line of credit agreement was subject to certain covenants for which the Partnership was in compliance with or has obtained a waiver as of June 30, 2006. At December 31, 2004 and 2005, short-term borrowings on previous lines of credit were $0.

Wild About Food – Oklahoma has a $600,000 secured bank line of credit, initiated on June 7, 2006 at an interest rate of Wall Street Journal prime plus 1.00% . At June 30, 2006, short-term borrowings under this line of credit were $42,106. The company was in compliance with all covenants.

In addition to the line of credit, the Partnership secured a loan for equipment purchases in the amount of $2,400,000 with the same interest rate. The maturity date of this loan is March 3, 2011. The proceeds of the equipment loan are to pay off existing debt related to previous equipment purchases and to purchase new equipment, of which some down payments have been made as of June 30, 2006.

F-30


ALLISON’S GOURMET KITCHENS,
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
Notes to Financial Statements

(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(6) Long-Term Debt and Capital Lease Obligation

Long-term debt consists of the following:

 
December 31, 
  June 30, 
 



 

 
2004 
    2005      2006 
 

 

 

               
(Unaudited) 
Processing line and equipment loan at fixed                 
rate of 6.75%, secured by certain manufacturing               
equipment, monthly principal and interest                 
payments of $8,342, due and payable on                 
May 10, 2008. 
$ 
164,374   
$ 
172,139    $  945,078 
 
Less current portion    91,377  
91,209      69,444 
 

 

 

 
Net Long-term debt 
$ 
72,997  
$ 
80,930    $  875,634 






 
Capital lease obligations consist of the following:               
 
December 31, 
 
June 30, 
 
 

 
2004  
2005 
2006 
 

 

 

                 
Various equipment leases consolidated             
(unaudited) 
under one master lease, secured by related                 
equipment; the monthly payment is $6,117,                 
final payment due December 1, 2008. 
$ 
266,013   
$ 
190,383   
$ 
9,125 
 
Less current portion 
61,829  
66,719   
3,221 
 

 

 

 
Net Long-term Capital Lease Obligations 
$ 
204,184   
$ 
123,664   
$ 
5,904 
 

 

 

 

Future principal payments, for long-term debt and capital lease obligations, at December 31, 2005 are as follows:

Year Ending 
     
Capital Lease 
   
December 31, 
  Long-Term Debt   
Obligation 
 
Total 
2006 
    $  91,209      $ 66,719      $ 157,928 
2007 
  80,930    69,559    150,490 
2008 
  -    54,105    54,105 
2009 
  -    -    - 
2010 
  -    -    - 






Principal outstanding at 
           
December 31, 2005      $  172,139      $ 190,383      $ 362,523 







F-31


ALLISON’S GOURMET KITCHENS,
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
Notes to Financial Statements

(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(7) Accrued Liabilities                   
 
A summary of accrued liabilities follows:                   
          December 31,     
June 30, 
         
2004 
    2005     
2006 
                     
(Unaudited) 
 
     Accrued compensation   
$ 
28,240   
$ 
160,257   
$ 
141,158 
     Accrued rebates   
96,333   
145,427   
77,414 
     Accrued interest expense   
1,730   
673   
403 
     Accrued payroll taxes   
28,151   
21,796   
40,349 
     Other Accruals   
   
   
7,427 


 

 

 
     Total Accrued Liabilities   
$ 
154,454   
$ 
328,153   
$ 
266,751 


 

 

 
(8 )  Intangible Assets 
                 

The Partnership holds an intangible asset, a client list acquired from Vaughan Foods, Inc., related to the initial formation of the Partnership in 2003. The Partnership amortizes the asset to expense over a period of five years. Amortization expense was $13,453, $16,143, $16,143, $8,071 and $8,005 for the years 2003, 2004, 2005 and the six month periods ended June 30, 2005 and 2006, respectively.

(9) Employee Benefit Plans

The Partnership adopted a Flexible 401(k) plan covering all employees over the age of 21 with a minimum of 1,000 hours of service. The Partnership makes contributions under the plan at an amount equal to 100% of the employee’s elective deferral rate, up to a maximum of 4% of the employee’s compensation. The Partnership’s contributions to the Flexible 401(k) plan were $283 and $388 for the period March 1, 2003 to December 31, 2003, and the year ended December 31, 2004, respectively. The Partnership has elected to discontinue the plan. No contributions were made during the year ended December 31, 2005.

(10) Partnership Equity

On December 27, 2002, the Company organized as a limited partnership with the State of Oklahoma. An agreement of limited partnership was entered into on March 1, 2003. The term of the Partnership is perpetual from the date of formation unless the Partnership is dissolved or liquidated as provided for in the limited partnership agreement. The partners’ percentage interest in income, gains, losses, deductions, voting rights and distributions are one (1) percent for the general partner and ninety-nine (99) percent for the limited partners.

F-32


ALLISON’S GOURMET KITCHENS,
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
Notes to Financial Statements

(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

(11) Commitments and Contingencies

The Partnership is subject to legal proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary course of business. Although occasional adverse decisions or settlements may occur, the Partnership is not aware of any proceeding at June 30, 2006 which would have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

(12) Leasing Arrangements

The Partnership entered into a one year lease agreement with Vaughan Foods, Inc. for both refrigerated space and non-refrigerated space. The lease agreement provides for nine one-year options to extend the lease terms. The Partnership expended $182,060, $196,567, $295,593, $113,757 and $133,623 under this lease for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004, 2005 and the six month periods ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 respectively.

(13) Related Party Transactions

During the normal course of business, the Partnership purchases raw materials and sells finished goods to Vaughan Foods, Inc., a company owned by two of the limited partners. The transactions are priced at current market rates. At December 31, 2003, 2004, 2005 and the six month periods ended June 30, 2005 and 2006, the Partnership had trade payables of $0, $29,136, $30,995, $53,579 and $129,509 respectively.

In addition to trade payables, the Partnership had payables due to Vaughan Foods, Inc. for freight services of $0, $0, $225, $0 and $0 at December 31, 2003, 2004, 2005, June 30, 2005 and 2006 respectively. Total freight services for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2004, 2005, and the six month periods ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 were $208,294, $359,852, $576,539, $255,881 and $311,030 respectively.

The Partnership sales to Vaughan Foods, Inc. for the fiscal 2003, 2004, 2005 and the six month periods ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 were $944,258, $761,077, $602,841, $370,986 and $280,414 respectively. The Partnership purchases from Vaughan Foods, Inc. for fiscal 2003, 2004, 2005 and the six month periods ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 were $215,273, $429,997, $726,769, $391,672 and $444,260 respectively.

The Partnership leases their facilities from Vaughan Foods, Inc. on an annual lease arrangement, as discussed in footnote (11). The Partnership shares utilities and other facility expenses with Vaughan Foods, Inc. thru periodic reimbursement. The total utilities that are shared between the two entities resulted in a reimbursement to Vaughan Foods Corporation of $117,718, $116,826, $203,169, $80,300 and $121,506 for fiscal 2003, 2004, 2005, and the six month period ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 respectively. At December 31, 2003, 2004, 2005, and June 30, 2005 and 2006, the Partnership had $79,922, $115,612, $304,671, $100,186 and $302,081 outstanding reimbursements, respectively.

F-33


ALLISON’S GOURMET KITCHENS,
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
Notes to Financial Statements

(Information as of June 30, 2006 and for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 is unaudited)

The Partnership utilizes Vaughan Foods administrative, sales and other staff resulting in an agreed upon reimbursement to Vaughan Foods in the amount of $62,000, $131,732, $130,422, $94,270 and $105,270 for fiscal 2003, 2004, 2005, and the six months periods ended June 30, 2005 and 2006 respectively.

(14) Major Customers

The Partnership acquired a new customer in late 2004 which now represents approximately 46% of its total sales. A change in this customer relationship could adversely effect the Partnership’s financial position. As the Partnership continues to increase its sales, this concentration decreases.

(15) Acquisition of Wild About Food

The Partnership acquired the assets and related real estate and assumed certain liabilities of Wild About Food, Inc., a Texas corporation, and formed Wild About Food-Oklahoma, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, on June 1, 2006. Wild About Food produces refrigerated food products for food service and retail customers. The purchase price was comprised of a cash payment of $6,000, the assumption of a note payable in the amount of $154,000, contingent payments equal to 75% of operating income during the three year period following the closing up to a maximum of $240,000, and a further contingent payment equal to 75% of operating income in excess of $250,000. The Partnership also entered into a three-year employment agreement with the previous owner.

F-34


 

Vaughan Foods, Inc. & Allison's Gourmet Kitchens, LP
PRO FORMA COMBINED BALANCE SHEETS

    December 31, 2005       June 30, 2006  
          (Unaudited)  
Assets 
         
Current assets:           
     Cash and cash equivalents  $  636,661    
$ 
79,266  
     Accounts receivable, net    3,817,074       6,660,545  
     Note receveivable    13,298        
     Inventories    1,291,451       1,557,585  
     Prepaid expenses    49,073       165,865  
     Income tax receivable    28,228       28,228  
     Deferred tax assets    40,539       28,803  


 

 
 
             Total current assets    5,876,324       8,520,292  


 

 
 
Restricted assets:           
     Cash    80,471      
-
 
     Investments    1,950,580       699,969  
     Certificate of deposit    256,000       256,000  


 

 
 
             Total restricted assets    2,287,051       955,969  


 

 
 
Property and equipment, net    10,781,961       13,352,580  


 

 
 
Other assets:           
     Assets held for sale    40,000       40,000  
     Loan origination fees, net    436,465       418,760  
     Deferred tax assets, noncurrent   
-
     
139,187
 
     Intangible asset    34,976       34,556  


 

 
 
             TOTAL  $  19,456,777    
$ 
23,461,344  


 

 
 
 
Liabilities and Equity 
         
Current liabilities:           
     Disbursements in transit  $ 
-
   
$ 
238,663  
     Line of credit    2,314,294       3,076,691  
     Accounts payable    3,100,278       6,042,906  
     Accrued liabilities    1,318,585       1,464,234  
     Current portion of long-term debt    781,517       741,427  
     Current portion of capital lease obligation    229,523       165,814  


 

 
 
             Total current liabilities    7,744,197       11,729,735  


 

 
 
Long-term debt, net of current portion    8,809,870       9,353,403  
Capital lease obligation, net of current portion    773,001       574,614  
Deferred Tax Liability    135,367      
-
 


 

 
 
             Total long-term liabilities    9,718,238       9,928,017  


 

 
 
Equity:           
Common Stock    800       5,000  
Paid in Capital    415,193       410,993  
Member Capital (Deficit)    (12,839 )      (16,573 ) 
Retained Earnings    202,784       (241,884 ) 
Limited partners' equity    1,374,515       1,617,846  
General partner's equity    13,889       28,210  


 

 
 
             Total equity    1,994,342       1,803,592  


 

 
 
             TOTAL  $  19,456,777    
$ 
23,461,344  


 

 

F-35


     Vaughan Foods, Inc. & Allison's Gourmet Kitchens, LP
PRO FORMA COMBINED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

For the twelve month period ended December 31, 2005

   
December 31, 2005
    June 30, 2006  
        (Unaudited)  
       Net sales  $ 55,934,632   $ 33,909,484  
       Cost of sales    45,685,210     28,734,423  


 

 
                 Gross Profit    10,249,422     5,175,061  
       Selling, General and Administrative    8,452,549     4,815,400  
       Management fee - General partner    335,083     169,555  


 

 
                 Selling, General and Administrative Expense    8,787,632     4,984,955  


 

 
                 Operating Income    1,461,790     190,106  
       Interest expense    (1,053,154 )    (528,829 ) 
       Other, net    88,180     28,314  


 

 
                 Total Other Income and Expense    (964,974 )    (500,519 ) 
                 Earnings (Loss) Before Income Taxes    496,816     (310,409 ) 
                 Income Tax (Benefit)    (159,667 )    (248,797 ) 
 

 

 
                 Net Earnings  $ 656,483   $ (61,612 ) 


 

 


F-36


 

  Until                          , 2006 (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus) all dealers effecting transactions in our units, whether or not participating in this distribution, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the obligation of dealers to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.  

5,000,000 Units

 


______________________

PROSPECTUS

______________________

 

 

PAULSON INVESTMENT
COMPANY, INC.

 

 


 

 

, 2006

_________________
 
   
   
   
   
Table of Contents 
 
 
 
 
Page 
 
Prospectus Summary 
4
 
Risk Factors 
12
 
Special Note Regarding Forward- 
 
Looking Statements 
20
 
Recent Developments 
21
 
Use of Proceeds 
22
 
Dividend Policy 
23
 
Capitalization 
24
 
Dilution 
24
 
Selected Consolidated Financial Data 
26
 
Management’s Discussion and 
 
Analysis of Financial Condition and 
 
Results of Operations 
28
 
Business 
39
 
Management 
47
 
Certain Relationships and Related 
 
Transactions 
52
 
Principal Stockholders 
53
 
Description of Securities 
55
 
Description of Certain Indebtedness 
60
 
Shares Eligible for Future Sale 
62
 
Underwriting 
64
 
Legal Matters 
67
 
Experts 
67
 
Where You Can Find More 
 
Information 
68
 
Index to Financial Statements 
69
 

 


PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

Item 13. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.

     The following are the expenses of the issuance and distribution of the securities being registered, other than underwriting commissions and expenses, all of which will be paid by Vaughan. Other than the SEC registration fee and the NASD filing fees all of such expenses are estimated.

SEC Registration fee   
$ 
16,610  
NASD fee   
$ 
16,024  
Nasdaq Capital Market listing fee   
$ 
50,000 * 
Boston Stock Exchange listing fee   
$ 
15,000  
Printing expenses   
$ 
100,000 * 
Accounting fees and expenses   
$ 
150,000 * 
Legal fees and expenses   
$ 
250,000 * 
Blue sky filing fees and related attorney fees and expenses   
$ 
58,000 * 
Transfer agent and registrar fees and expenses   
$ 
3,500 * 
"Road Show" and miscellaneous other expenses   
$ 
9,318 * 


 
Total   
$ 
668,000 * 
   

 


__________________________
*Estimated

Item 14. Indemnification of Directors and Officers

     Section 18-1031 of the Oklahoma General Corporation Act grants us the power to indemnify our directors and officers against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with specified actions, suits or proceedings, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation - a “derivative action”), if they acted in good faith and in a manner they reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe their conduct was unlawful. A similar standard is applicable in the case of derivative actions, except that indemnification only extends to expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred in connection with the defense or settlement of such actions, and the statute requires court approval before there can be any indemnification in which the person seeking indemnification has been found liable to the corporation. The statute provides that it is not exclusive of other indemnification that may be granted by a corporation’s bylaws, disinterested director vote, shareholder vote, agreement, or otherwise.

     Our Articles of Incorporation provides that we indemnify each of our directors and officers to the fullest extent by the Oklahoma General Corporation Act, against expense, liability and loss (including attorney’s fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes or penalties and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement) reasonably incurred or suffered by such person in connection therewith.

     Our Articles of Incorporation also provides that a director will not be personally liable to us or to our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of the fiduciary duty of care as a director. This provision does not eliminate or limit the liability of a director:

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  • for breach of his or her duty of loyalty to us or to our stockholders;

  • for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law; or

  • for any improper benefit

     Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons pursuant to our Articles of Incorporation, Bylaws and the Oklahoma General Corporation Act, we have been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy and is, therefore, unenforceable.

     The Underwriting Agreement provides for reciprocal indemnification between us and our controlling persons, on the one hand, and the underwriters and their respective controlling persons, on the other hand, against certain liabilities in connection with this offering, including liabilities under the Securities Act.

15. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities.

     In the last three years, we sold the following unregistered securities:

  • 10% Secured Notes Due June 30, 2007.

  • In September 2006 we sold $2.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 10% secured promissory notes due June 30, 2007 and the right to receive $1.0 million of units sold in this offering based on the initial public offering price per unit. Paulson Investment Company acted as placement agent and received a fee of $160,000 and our commitment to reimburse Paulson Investment Company for its expenses up to a maximum of $10,000.

  • In August 2006 we issued a $1 million principal amount unsecured promissory note, bearing interest at 10% per annum to Paulson Investment Company, the representative of the several underwriters of this offering. The original principal amount and all accrued but unpaid interest thereon is due and payable on the first anniversary of the date of issuance of the note but is repayable out of the proceeds of this offering. No commission or placement agent fee was payable in connection with the isuance of this note.

     The foregoing securities were issues in reliance upon the exemption from the registration requirements of the securities Act of 1933, as amended, provided in Section 4(2) thereof, as a transaction by an issuer not involving a public offering. The registrant reasonably believed that each purchaser had such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters to be capable of valuating the merits and risks of the investment, each purchaser represented an intention to acquire the securities for investment only and not with a view to distribution thereof and appropriate legends were affixed to the secured and unsecured notes and will be added to the shares and warrants when issued.

Item 16. Exhibits

Exhibits                                                               Description 
 
No.   
 
         1.1  Form of Underwriting Agreement 
 
         3.1  Certificate of Incorporation, as amended* 
         3.2  Bylaws* 
         4.1  Specimen stock certificate* 
         4.2  Form of warrant agreement, including form of Class A and Class B 
  warrants* 
         4.3  Specimen unit certificate* 
         4.4  Form of representative’s warrant* 
         4.5  Mortgage and loan agreement dated December 31, 2004* 
         4.6  Indenture of trust dated December 31, 2004* 
         4.7  Real estate loan due August 1, 2028* 
         4.8  Agreement of the registrant to furnish agreements defining rights of 
  holders of long term debt* 
         5.1  Form of opinion of Morse, Zelnick, Rose & Lander, LLP* 
 
         10.1  Agreement between Vaughan Foods, Inc., Mark E. Vaughan and Vernon 
  J. Brandt, Jr. Dated June 12, 2006* 
         10.2  Agreement between Vaughan Foods, Inc., Braxton Management, Inc., 
  Herb Grimes and Stan Gustas, dated May 19, 2006* 
         10.3  Vaughan Foods, Inc. equity incentive plan* 
         10.4  Form of Securities Purchase and Subscription Agreement dated as of July 
  17, 2006* 
         10.5  Form of Registration Rights Agreement dated as of July 17, 2006* 
         10.6  Loan and Security agreement dated as of June 29, 2005* 
         10.7  Promissory Note extension agreement dated as of June 28, 2006 and 
  Promissory Note dated June 29, 2005* 
         10.8  Form of Promissory Note dated September 25, 2006* 
 
         21.1  Subsidiary schedule* 
 
         23.1  Consent of Cole & Reed, PC* 
         23.2  Consent of Morse, Zelnick, Rose & Lander, LLP (included in Exhibit 
  5.1)* 
 
         24.1  Power of attorney (included in signature page)* 
 
 
         * Filed herewith 

II-2



Item 17. Undertakings

     A. The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:

     (1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement to:

     (a) include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;

     (b) reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of this Registration Statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in this Registration Statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in the volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and

     (c) include any additional or changed material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement.

     (2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered herein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

     (3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

     (4) For the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser:

     

(i) Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement: and

(ii) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) under the Securities Act as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) under the Securities Act for the purpose of providing the information required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness o the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed

II-3


 

      to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.

     (5) For the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of securities:

     The undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

      (a) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424 of this chapter;

      (b) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

      (c) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and

      (d) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

     (6) To provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreement certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriter to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.

     (7) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.

      (8) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

II-4


SIGNATURES

     Pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Moore, State of Oklahoma on October 5, 2006.

  VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. 
   
   
  by: /s/ Mark E. Vaughan              
  Mark E. Vaughan 
  Chief Executive Officer 

     ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Stephen A. Zelnick and Mark E. Vaughan and each of them his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all pre- or post-effective amendments to this Registration Statement, and to file the same with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite or necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any one of them, or their or his substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. In accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the following persons have signed this Registration Statement in the capacities indicated on the date set forth below.

     In accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the following persons have signed this Registration Statement in the capacities indicated on the date set forth above.

Signature 
  Title   
Date 
 
/s/ Mark E. Vaughan 
  President, Chief Executive Officer and   
Mark E. Vaughan    Director (Principal Executive Officer   
October 5, 2006 
 
/s/ Stan L. Gustas 
  Chief Financial Officer   
Stan Gustas    (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer   
       
October 5, 2006 
     
/s/ Vernon J. Brandt 
     
Vernon J. Brandt    Director   
October 5, 2006 

II-5


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UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT dated _________, 2006 PAULSON INVESTMENT COMPANY, INC. UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT _________, 2006 Paulson Investment Company, Inc. 811 SW Naito Parkway Portland, Oregon 97204 Ladies and Gentlemen: INTRODUCTORY. Vaughan Foods, Inc., an Oklahoma corporation (the "COMPANY") proposes to issue and sell to the several underwriters named in Schedule A (the "UNDERWRITERS") an aggregate of 5,000,000 Units, each Unit consisting of (i) one share of the Company's common stock ("COMMON STOCK"), (ii) one redeemable Class A warrant to purchase one share of Common Stock (each a "CLASS A WARRANT" and, collectively, the "CLASS A WARRANTS"), and (iii) one redeemable Class B warrant to purchase one share of Common Stock (each a "CLASS B WARRANT", collectively, the "CLASS B WARRANTS" and, together with the Class A Warrants, the "WARRANTS"). The Warrants are to be issued under the terms of a Warrant Agreement (the "WARRANT AGREEMENT") by and between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, as warrant agent (the "WARRANT AGENT"), substantially in the form most recently filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement (hereinafter defined). The 5,000,000 Units to be sold by the Company are collectively called the "FIRM UNITS". In addition, the Company has granted to the Underwriters an option to purchase up to an additional 750,000 Units (the "OPTIONAL UNITS"), as provided in Section 2. The Firm Units and, if and to the extent such option is exercised, the Optional Units are collectively called the "Units". Paulson Investment Company, Inc. has agreed to act as representative of the several Underwriters (in such capacity, the "REPRESENTATIVE") in connection with the offering and sale of the Units. The Company confirms its agreement with the Underwriters as follows: SECTION 1. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY. The Company represents, warrants and covenants to each Underwriter as follows: (a) FILING OF THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT. The Company has prepared and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "COMMISSION") a registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-_______), which contains a form of prospectus to be used in connection with the public offering and sale of the Units. Such registration statement, as amended, including the financial statements, exhibits and schedules thereto, and the documents incorporated by reference in the prospectus contained in the registration statement at the time such registration statement became effective, in the form in which it was declared effective by the Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (collectively, the "SECURITIES ACT"), and including any required information deemed to be a part thereof at the time of effectiveness pursuant to Rule 430A, Rule 430B or Rule 430C under the Securities Act, or pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (collectively, the "EXCHANGE ACT"), is called the "REGISTRATION STATEMENT." Any registration statement filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act is called the "RULE 462(B) REGISTRATION STATEMENT," and from and after the date and time of filing of the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement the term "REGISTRATION Statement" shall include the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement. Such prospectus, in the form first filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act after the date and time that this Agreement is executed and delivered by the parties hereto (the "EXECUTION TIME"), or, if no filing pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act is required, the form of final prospectus relating to the Units included in the Registration Statement at the effective date of the Registration Statement, is called the "PROSPECTUS." All references in this Agreement to the Registration Statement, the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, the Company's preliminary prospectus included in the Registration Statement (each a "PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS"), the Prospectus, or any amendments or supplements to any of the foregoing, shall include any copy thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to its Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval System ("EDGAR"). Any reference herein to any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus or any supplement or amendment to either thereof shall be deemed to refer to and include any documents incorporated by reference therein as of the date of such reference. (b) COMPLIANCE WITH REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS. The Registration Statement has been declared effective by the Commission under the Securities Act. The Company has complied to the Commission's satisfaction with all requests of the Commission for additional or supplemental information. No stop order preventing or suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement is in effect and no proceedings for such purpose have been instituted or are pending or, to the best knowledge of the Company, are contemplated or threatened by the Commission. Each preliminary prospectus and the Prospectus when filed complied or will comply in all material respects with the Securities Act and, if filed by electronic transmission pursuant to EDGAR (except as may be permitted by Regulation S-T under the Securities Act), was identical in content to the copy thereof delivered to the Underwriters for use in connection with the offer and sale of the Units other than with respect to any artwork and graphics that were not filed. Each of the Registration Statement, any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, at the time it became effective and at all subsequent times until the expiration of the prospectus delivery period required under Section 4(3) of the Securities Act, complied and will comply in all material respects with the Securities Act and did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The Prospectus (including any Prospectus wrapper), as amended or supplemented, as of its date and at all subsequent times until the Underwriters have completed their distribution of the offering of the Units, did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The representations and warranties set forth in the two immediately preceding sentences do not apply to statements in or omissions from the Registration Statement, any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, or any post-effective amendment thereto, or the Prospectus, or any amendments or supplements thereto, made in 2 reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by the Representative expressly for use therein, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by the Representative consists of the information described as such in Section 8 hereof. There are no contracts or other documents required to be described in the Prospectus or to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement that have not been described or filed as required. (c) DISCLOSURE PACKAGE. The term "DISCLOSURE PACKAGE" shall mean (i) the preliminary prospectus, as amended or supplemented, (ii) the issuer free writing prospectuses as defined in Rule 433 of the Securities Act (each, an "ISSUER FREE WRITING PROSPECTUS"), if any, identified in Schedule B hereto, (iii) the pricing terms set forth in Schedule C to this Agreement, and (iv) any other free writing prospectus that the parties hereto shall hereafter expressly agree in writing to treat as part of the Disclosure Package. As of 9:00 a.m. (Eastern time) on the date of this Agreement (the "INITIAL SALE TIME"), the Disclosure Package did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The preceding sentence does not apply to statements in or omissions from the Disclosure Package based upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representative specifically for use therein, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by or on behalf of any Underwriter consists of the information described as such in Section 8 hereof. (d) COMPANY NOT INELIGIBLE ISSUER. (i) At the time of filing the Registration Statement and (ii) as of the date of the execution and delivery of this Agreement (with such date being used as the determination date for purposes of this clause (ii)), the Company was not and is not an Ineligible Issuer (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act), without taking account of any determination by the Commission pursuant to Rule 405 of the Securities Act that it is not necessary that the Company be considered an Ineligible Issuer (e) ISSUER FREE WRITING PROSPECTUSES. No Issuer Free Writing Prospectus includes any information that conflicts with the information contained in the Registration Statement, including any document incorporated by reference therein that has not been superseded or modified. The foregoing sentence does not apply to statements in or omissions from any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus based upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representative specifically for use therein, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by any Underwriter consists of the information described as such in Section 8 hereof. (f) OFFERING MATERIALS FURNISHED TO UNDERWRITERS. The Company has delivered to the Representative five complete manually signed copies of the Registration Statement and of each consent and certificate of experts filed as a part thereof, and conformed copies of the Registration Statement (without exhibits) and preliminary prospectuses and the Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, in such quantities and at such places as the Representative have reasonably requested for each of the Underwriters. (h) DISTRIBUTION OF OFFERING MATERIAL BY THE COMPANY. The Company has not distributed and will not distribute, prior to the later of each Subsequent Closing Date (as defined 3 below) and the completion of the Underwriters' distribution of the Units, any offering material in connection with the offering and sale of the Units other than a preliminary prospectus, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus reviewed and consented to by the Representative, and the Registration Statement. (i) THE UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT. This Agreement has been duly authorized (to the extent applicable), executed and delivered by, and is a valid and binding agreement of, the Company, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as rights to indemnification hereunder may be limited by applicable law and except as the enforcement hereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors or by general equitable principles. (j) AUTHORIZATION OF THE COMMON STOCK; VALIDITY OF WARRANTS AND WARRANT AGREEMENT. (i) The Common Stock included in the Units to be purchased by the Underwriters from the Company (including units purchasable on exercise of the Underwriters' overallotment option described in Section 2(c) and the Representative's Warrants described in Section 2(h)) has been duly authorized and reserved for issuance and sale pursuant to this Agreement and, in the case of Common Stock issuable on exercise of the Representative's Warrants, the terms thereof and, when so issued and delivered by the Company, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. (ii) The Warrants included in the Units to be purchased by the Underwriters from the Company have been duly and validly authorized by all required corporate actions and will, when issued and delivered by the Company pursuant to this Agreement, be validly executed and delivered by, and will be valid and binding agreements of, the Company, enforceable in accordance with their terms, except as the enforcement thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors or by general equitable principles. (iii) The Representative's Warrants have been duly and validly authorized by all required corporate actions and will, when issued and delivered by the Company pursuant to this Agreement, be validly executed and delivered by, and will be valid and binding agreements of, the Company, enforceable in accordance with their terms, except as the enforcement thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors or by general equitable principles. (iv) The Common Stock issuable on exercise of the Warrants has been duly authorized and reserved for issuance and sale pursuant to their terms and, when issued and delivered by the Company pursuant to such warrants, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. (v) The Warrant Agreement has been duly and validly authorized by all required corporate actions of the Company and will, when executed and delivered (and assuming 4 due and valid execution by the Warrant Agent) constitute a valid and binding agreement of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as the enforcement thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors or by general equitable principles. (vi) Each of the Warrants and the Representative's Warrants will, when issued, possess rights, privileges, and characteristics as represented in the most recent form of Warrant Agreement or Representative's Warrants, as the case may be, filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement. (k) NO APPLICABLE REGISTRATION OR OTHER SIMILAR RIGHTS. Except as fairly and accurately described in the Registration Statement, there are no persons with registration or other similar rights to have any equity or debt securities registered for sale under the Registration Statement or included in the offering contemplated by this Agreement, except for such rights as have been duly waived. (l) NO MATERIAL ADVERSE CHANGE. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Disclosure Package, subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Disclosure Package: (i) there has been no material adverse change, or any development that could reasonably be expected to result in a material adverse change, in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business, operations or prospects, whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business, of the Company (any such change is called a "MATERIAL ADVERSE CHANGE"); (ii) the Company has not incurred any material liability or obligation, indirect, direct or contingent, not in the ordinary course of business nor entered into any material transaction or agreement not in the ordinary course of business; and (iii) there has been no dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made by the Company in respect of its capital stock. (m) INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS. Cole & Reed, P.C., who have expressed their opinion with respect to the financial statements (which term as used in this Agreement includes the related notes thereto) filed with the Commission as a part of the Registration Statement and included in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, is an independent registered public accounting firm as required by the Securities Act and the Exchange Act. (n) PREPARATION OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. Each of the historical and pro-forma financial statements filed with the Commission as a part of or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, and included or incorporated by reference in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, presents fairly the information provided as of and at the dates and for the periods indicated. Such financial statements comply as to form with the applicable accounting requirements of the Securities Act and have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved, except as may be expressly stated in the related notes thereto. No other financial statements or supporting schedules are required to be included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement. Each item of historical or pro-form financial data relating to the operations, assets or liabilities of the Company and its predecessor set forth in summary form in each of the preliminary 5 prospectus and the Prospectus fairly presents such information on a basis consistent with that of the complete financial statements contained in the Registration Statement. (o) INCORPORATION AND GOOD STANDING; SUBSIDIARIES. The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation and has corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement. The Company is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required except for such jurisdictions where the failure to so qualify or to be in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change. The Company does not own or control, directly or indirectly, any corporation, association or other entity. (p) CAPITALIZATION AND OTHER CAPITAL STOCK MATTERS. The authorized, issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company is as set forth in the each of the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus under the caption "Capitalization" (other than for subsequent issuances, if any, pursuant to employee benefit plans described in each of the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus or upon exercise of outstanding options or warrants described in the Disclosure Package and Prospectus, as the case may be). The Common Stock conforms, and, when issued and delivered as provided in this Agreement, the Class A Warrants, the Class B Warrants and the Representative's Warrants will comply in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the each of the Disclosure Package and Prospectus. All of the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock have been duly authorized and validly issued, are fully paid and nonassessable and have been issued in compliance with federal and state securities laws. None of the outstanding shares of Common Stock were issued in violation of any preemptive rights, rights of first refusal or other similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities of the Company. There are no authorized or outstanding options, warrants, preemptive rights, rights of first refusal or other rights to purchase, or equity or debt securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for, any capital stock of the Company other than those accurately described in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. The description of the Company's stock option, stock bonus and other stock plans or arrangements, and the options or other rights granted thereunder, set forth or incorporated by reference in each of the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus accurately and fairly presents the information required to be shown with respect to such plans, arrangements, options and rights. (q) QUOTATION. The Units, the Common Stock, the Class A Warrants and the Class B Warrants have been approved for quotation on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbols "_____," "_____," "_____" and "_____," respectively, and on the Boston Stock Exchange under the symbols "_____," "_____," "_____" and "_____," respectively. (r) NON-CONTRAVENTION OF EXISTING INSTRUMENTS; NO FURTHER AUTHORIZATIONS OR APPROVALS REQUIRED. The Company is not in violation of its charter or by-laws or in default (or, with the giving of notice or lapse of time, would be in default) ("Default") under any indenture, mortgage, loan or credit agreement, note, contract, franchise, lease or other instrument to which it is a party or by which it or it may be bound (including, without limitation, such agreements and 6 contracts filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement or to which any of the property or assets of the Company is subject (each, an "Existing Instrument")), except for such Defaults as would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change. The Company's execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and by the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (i) have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and will not result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or by-laws of the Company, (ii) will not conflict with or constitute a breach of, or Default under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company pursuant to, or require the consent of any other party to, any Existing Instrument, except for such conflicts, breaches, Defaults, liens, charges or encumbrances as would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change and (iii) will not result in any violation of any law, administrative regulation or administrative or court decree applicable to the Company. No consent, approval, authorization or other order of, or registration or filing with, any court or other governmental or regulatory authority or agency, is required for the Company's execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and by the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, except the registration or qualification of the Units under the Securities Act and applicable state securities or blue sky laws and from the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (the "NASD"). (s) NO MATERIAL ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, there are no legal or governmental actions, suits or proceedings pending or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, threatened (i) against or affecting the Company, (ii) which have as the subject thereof any officer or director (in such capacities) of, or property owned or leased by, the Company or (iii) relating to environmental or discrimination matters, where in any such case (A) there is a reasonable possibility that such action, suit or proceeding might be determined adversely to the Company and (B) any such action, suit or proceeding, if so determined adversely, would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change or adversely affect the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. No material labor dispute with the employees of the Company exists or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, is threatened or imminent except for such disputes as would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change. (t) INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. The Company owns or possesses sufficient trademarks, trade names, patent rights, copyrights, domain names, licenses, approvals, trade secrets and other similar rights (collectively, "INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS") reasonably necessary to conduct its businesses as now conducted; and the expected expiration of any of such Intellectual Property Rights would not result in a Material Adverse Change. The Company has not received any notice of infringement or conflict with asserted Intellectual Property Rights of others, which infringement or conflict, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, would result in a Material Adverse Change. The Company is not a party to or bound by any options, licenses or agreements with respect to the Intellectual Property Rights of any other person or entity that are required to be set forth in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and are not described in all material respects. None of the technology employed by the Company has been obtained or is being used by the Company in violation of any contractual obligation binding on the Company or, to the Company's knowledge, any of its officers, directors or employees or otherwise in violation of the rights of any persons. 7 (u) ALL NECESSARY PERMITS, ETC. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus or except as would not result in a Material Adverse Change, the Company possesses such valid and current certificates, authorizations or permits issued by the appropriate state, federal or foreign regulatory agencies or bodies necessary to conduct its businesses, and the Company has not received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of, or non-compliance with, any such certificate, authorization or permit which, singly or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding, could result in a Material Adverse Change. (v) TITLE TO PROPERTIES. The Company has good and marketable title to all the properties and assets reflected as owned in the financial statements referred to in Section 1(n) above (or elsewhere in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus), in each case free and clear of any security interests, mortgages, liens, encumbrances, equities, claims and other defects, except such as do not materially and adversely affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made or proposed to be made of such property by the Company. The real property, improvements, equipment and personal property held under lease by the Company are held under valid and enforceable leases, with such exceptions as are not material and do not materially interfere with the use made or proposed to be made of such real property, improvements, equipment or personal property by the Company. (w) TAX LAW COMPLIANCE. The Company has filed all necessary federal, state and foreign income and franchise tax returns and has paid all taxes required to be paid by it and, if due and payable, any related or similar assessment, fine or penalty levied against it. The Company has made adequate charges, accruals and reserves in the applicable financial statements referred to in Section 1(n) above in respect of all federal, state and foreign income and franchise taxes for all periods as to which the tax liability of the Company has not been finally determined. (x) COMPANY NOT AN "INVESTMENT COMPANY." The Company has been advised of the rules and requirements under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT"). The Company is not, and after receipt of payment for the Units and the application of the proceeds thereof as contemplated under the caption "Use of Proceeds" in each of the preliminary prospectus and the Prospectus will not be, an "investment company" within the meaning of the Investment Company Act and will conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become subject to the Investment Company Act. (y) INSURANCE. The Company is insured by recognized, financially sound and reputable institutions with policies in such amounts and with such deductibles and covering such risks as the Company reasonably believes are adequate and customary for its business including, but not limited to, policies covering real and personal property owned or leased by the Company against theft, damage, destruction, acts of vandalism and earthquakes. The Company reasonably believes that it will be able (i) to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such policies expire or (ii) to obtain comparable coverage from similar institutions as may be necessary or appropriate to conduct its business as now conducted and at a cost that would not result in a Material Adverse Change. The Company has not been denied any insurance coverage which it has sought or for which it has applied. 8 (z) NO PRICE STABILIZATION OR MANIPULATION. The Company has not taken and will not take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that might be reasonably expected to cause or result in stabilization or manipulation of the price of any securities of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Units or the underlying securities. The Company acknowledges that the Underwriters may engage in passive market making transactions in the Units on the Nasdaq Capital Market in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act. (aa) RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS. There are no business relationships or related-party transactions involving the Company or any other person required to be described in the preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus that have not been described as required. (bb) DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES. The Company has established and maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act), which (i) are designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company is made known to the Company's principal executive officer and its principal financial officer by others within those entities, particularly during the periods in which the periodic reports required under the Exchange Act are being prepared, (ii) will be evaluated for effectiveness as of the end of each fiscal quarter and fiscal year of the Company and (iii) are effective in all material respects to perform the functions for which they were established. The Company is not aware of (a) any significant deficiency in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the Company's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data or any material weaknesses in internal controls or (b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company's internal controls. (cc) COMPANY'S ACCOUNTING SYSTEM. The Company maintains a system of accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management's general or specific authorization; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to maintain accountability for assets; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management's general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. (dd) NO UNLAWFUL CONTRIBUTIONS OR OTHER PAYMENTS. Neither the Company nor, to the best of the Company's knowledge, any employee or agent of the Company has made any contribution or other payment to any official of, or candidate for, any federal, state or foreign office in violation of any law or of the character required to be disclosed in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. (ee) COMPLIANCE WITH ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change (i) the Company is not in violation of any federal, state, local or foreign law or regulation relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including, without limitation, ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata) or wildlife, including without limitation, laws and regulations relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, wastes, toxic substances, hazardous substances, petroleum and 9 petroleum products (collectively, "MATERIALS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN"), or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Materials of Environment Concern (collectively, "ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS"), which violation includes, but is not limited to, noncompliance with any permits or other governmental authorizations required for the operation of the business of the Company under applicable Environmental Laws, or noncompliance with the terms and conditions thereof, nor has the Company received any written communication, whether from a governmental authority, citizens group, employee or otherwise, that alleges that the Company is in violation of any Environmental Law; (ii) there is no claim, action or cause of action filed with a court or governmental authority, no investigation with respect to which the Company has received written notice, and no written notice by any person or entity alleging potential liability for investigatory costs, cleanup costs, governmental responses costs, natural resources damages, property damages, personal injuries, attorneys' fees or penalties arising out of, based on or resulting from the presence, or release into the environment, of any Material of Environmental Concern at any location owned, leased or operated by the Company, now or in the past (collectively, "ENVIRONMENTAL CLAIMS"), pending or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, threatened against the Company or any person or entity whose liability for any Environmental Claim the Company has retained or assumed either contractually or by operation of law; and (iii) to the best of the Company's knowledge, there are no past or present actions, activities, circumstances, conditions, events or incidents, including, without limitation, the release, emission, discharge, presence or disposal of any Material of Environmental Concern, that reasonably could result in a violation of any Environmental Law or form the basis of a potential Environmental Claim against the Company or against any person or entity whose liability for any Environmental Claim the Company has retained or assumed either contractually or by operation of law. (ff) ERISA COMPLIANCE. The Company and any "employee benefit plan" (as defined under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and the regulations and published interpretations thereunder (collectively, "ERISA")) established or maintained by the Company or its "ERISA Affiliates" (as defined below) are in compliance in all material respects with ERISA. "ERISA AFFILIATE" means, with respect to the Company, any member of any group of organizations described in Sections 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations and published interpretations thereunder (the "CODE") of which the Company is a member. No "reportable event" (as defined under ERISA) has occurred or is reasonably expected to occur with respect to any "employee benefit plan" established or maintained by the Company or any of its ERISA Affiliates. No "employee benefit plan" established or maintained by the Company or any of its ERISA Affiliates, if such "employee benefit plan" were terminated, would have any "amount of unfunded benefit liabilities" (as defined under ERISA). Neither the Company nor any of its ERISA Affiliates has incurred or reasonably expects to incur any liability under (i) Title IV of ERISA with respect to termination of, or withdrawal from, any "employee benefit plan" or (ii) Sections 412, 4971, 4975 or 4980B of the Code. Each "employee benefit plan" established or maintained by the Company, or any of its ERISA Affiliates that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified and nothing has occurred, whether by action or failure to act, which would cause the loss of such qualification. 10 (gg) COMPLIANCE WITH SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002. The Company and, to the best of its knowledge, its officers and directors are in compliance with applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and regulations promulgated in connection therewith (the "SARBANES-OXLEY ACT") that are effective and are actively taking steps to ensure that they will be in compliance with other applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act upon the effectiveness of such provisions, including Section 402 related to loans and Sections 302 and 906 related to certifications. (hh) RELATIONSHIP WITH PARENT. All of the material transactions and the current relationship between the Company and ITN Energy Systems, Inc. are fairly and accurately described in the Registration Statement and the Disclosure Package and there exists no material agreement or understanding between the Company and ITN that is not fairly and accurately described in the Registration Statement and the Disclosure Package. (ii) MATERIAL UNDERSTANDINGS, GENERALLY. Except as fairly described in the Prospectus and the Disclosure Package, the Company has not made a determination to take any action and is not a party to any understanding, whether or not legally binding, with any other person with respect to the taking of any action that, if known to prospective purchasers of the Units, would be likely to affect their assessment of the value or prospects of the Company or their decision to invest in the Units. Any certificate signed by an officer of the Company and delivered to the Representative or to counsel for the Underwriters shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty by the Company to each Underwriter as to the matters set forth therein. The Company acknowledges that the Underwriters and, for purposes of the opinions to be delivered pursuant to Section 5 hereof, counsel to the Company and counsel to the Underwriters, will rely upon the accuracy and truthfulness of the foregoing representations and hereby consents to such reliance. SECTION 2. PURCHASE, SALE AND DELIVERY OF THE UNITS. (a) THE FIRM UNITS. Upon the terms herein set forth, the Company agrees to issue and sell the Firm Units to the several Underwriters. On the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements herein contained, and upon the terms but subject to the conditions herein set forth, the Underwriters agree, severally and not jointly, to purchase the Firm Units from the Company. The purchase price per Firm Unit to be paid by the several Underwriters to the Company shall be $_______ per Unit. (b) THE FIRST CLOSING DATE. Delivery of the Firm Units to be purchased by the Underwriters and payment therefor shall be made at 9:00 a.m. New York time on _______, 2006, or such other time and date as the Representative shall designate by notice to the Company (the time and date of such closing are called the "First Closing Date"). The Company hereby acknowledges that circumstances under which the Representative may provide notice to postpone the First Closing Date as originally scheduled include, but are in no way limited to, any determination by the Company or the Representative to recirculate to the public copies of an 11 amended or supplemented Prospectus or Disclosure Package or a delay as contemplated by the provisions of Section 10 or Section 19. (c) THE OPTIONAL UNITS; EACH SUBSEQUENT CLOSING DATE. In addition, on the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements herein contained, and upon the terms but subject to the conditions herein set forth, the Company hereby grants an option to the Underwriters to purchase up to an aggregate of 750,000 Optional Units from the Company at the purchase price per share to be paid by the Underwriters for the Firm Units. The option granted hereunder may be exercised at any time and from time to time upon notice by the Representative to the Company which notice may be given at any time within 45 days from the date of this Agreement. Such notice shall set forth (i) the aggregate number of Optional Units as to which the Underwriters are exercising the option, (ii) the names and denominations in which the Optional Units are to be registered and (iii) the time, date and place at which such Optional Units will be delivered (which time and date may be simultaneous with, but not earlier than, the First Closing Date; and in such case the term "First Closing Date" shall refer to the time and date of delivery of the Firm Units and the Optional Units). Each time and date of delivery, if subsequent to the First Closing Date, is called the "SUBSEQUENT CLOSING DATE" and shall be determined by the Representative and shall not be earlier than three nor later than five full business days after delivery of such notice of exercise. (d) PUBLIC OFFERING OF THE UNITS. The Representative hereby advises the Company that the Underwriters intend to offer for sale to the public, as described in the Prospectus, their respective portions of the Units as soon after this Agreement has been executed and the Registration Statement has been declared effective as the Representative, in its sole judgment, has determined is advisable and practicable. (e) PAYMENT FOR THE UNITS. Payment for the Units to be sold by the Company shall be made at the First Closing Date (and, if applicable, at any Subsequent Closing Date) by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the order of the Company. It is understood that the Representative has been authorized, for its own account and the accounts of the several Underwriters, to accept delivery of and receipt for, and make payment of the purchase price for, the Firm Units and any Optional Units the Underwriters have agreed to purchase. The Representative, individually and not as the Representative of the Underwriters, may (but shall not be obligated to) make payment for any Units to be purchased by any Underwriter whose funds shall not have been received by the Representative by the First Closing Date or any Subsequent Closing Date, as the case may be, for the account of such Underwriter, but any such payment shall not relieve such Underwriter from any of its obligations under this Agreement. (f) DELIVERY OF THE UNITS. Delivery of the Firm Units and the Optional Units shall be made through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company unless the Representative shall otherwise instruct. Time shall be of the essence, and delivery at the time and place specified in this Agreement is a further condition to the obligations of the Underwriters. (g) DELIVERY OF PROSPECTUS TO THE UNDERWRITERS. Not later than 10:00 p.m. on the second business day following the date the Units are first released by the Underwriters for sale to 12 the public, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered, copies of the Prospectus in such quantities and at such places as the Representative shall request. (h) REPRESENTATIVE'S WARRANTS. In addition to the sums payable to the Representative as provided elsewhere herein, the Representative shall be entitled to receive at the closing occurring on the First Closing Date, for itself alone and not as Representative of the Underwriters, as additional compensation for its services, Representative's Warrants for the purchase of up to 500,000 Units at a price of $_____ per Unit, upon the terms and subject to adjustment and conversion as described in the form of Representative's Warrants filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement. SECTION 3. COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY. The Company covenants and agrees with each Underwriter as follows: (a) REPRESENTATIVE' REVIEW OF PROPOSED AMENDMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTS. During the period beginning at the Initial Sale Time and ending on the later of the First Closing Date or such date as, in the opinion of counsel for the Underwriters, the Prospectus is no longer required by law to be delivered in connection with sales by an Underwriter or dealer, including under circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule 172 under the Securities Act (the "PROSPECTUS DELIVERY PERIOD"), prior to amending or supplementing the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, including any amendment or supplement through incorporation by reference of any report filed under the Exchange Act, the Company shall furnish to the Representative for review a copy of each such proposed amendment or supplement, and the Company shall not file any such proposed amendment or supplement to which the Representative reasonably object. (b) SECURITIES ACT COMPLIANCE. After the date of this Agreement, the Company shall promptly advise the Representative in writing (i) when the Registration Statement, if not effective at the Execution Time, shall have become effective, (ii) of the receipt of any comments of, or requests for additional or supplemental information from, the Commission, (iii) of the time and date of any filing of any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement to any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus, (iv) of the time and date that any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement becomes effective and (v) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto or of any order or notice preventing or suspending the use of the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus, or of any proceedings to remove, suspend or terminate from listing or quotation the Common Stock from any securities exchange upon which it is listed for trading or included or designated for quotation, or of the threatening or initiation of any proceedings for any of such purposes. The Company shall use its best efforts to prevent the issuance of any such stop order or prevention or suspension of such use. If the Commission shall enter any such stop order or order or notice of prevention or suspension at any time, the Company will use its best efforts to obtain the lifting of such order at the earliest possible moment, or will file a new registration statement and use its best efforts to have such new registration statement declared effective as soon as practicable. Additionally, the Company agrees that it shall comply with the provisions of Rules 424(b) and 430A, as applicable, under the Securities Act, including with respect to the 13 timely filing of documents thereunder, and will use its reasonable efforts to confirm that any filings made by the Company under such Rule 424(b) were received in a timely manner by the Commission. (c) EXCHANGE ACT COMPLIANCE. During the Prospectus Delivery Period, the Company will file all documents required to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15 of the Exchange Act in the manner and within the time periods required by the Exchange Act. (d) AMENDMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTS TO THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT, PROSPECTUS AND OTHER SECURITIES ACT MATTERS. If, during the Prospectus Delivery Period, any event or development shall occur or condition exist as a result of which the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, as the case may be, not misleading, or if it shall be necessary to amend or supplement the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, or to file under the Exchange Act any document incorporated by reference in the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, as the case may be, not misleading, or if in the opinion of the Representative it is otherwise necessary to amend or supplement the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, or to file under the Exchange Act any document incorporated by reference in the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, or to file a new registration statement containing the Prospectus, in order to comply with law, including in connection with the delivery of the Prospectus, the Company agrees to (i) notify the Representative of any such event or condition (unless such event or condition was previously brought to the Company's attention by the Representative during the Prospectus Delivery Period) and (ii) promptly prepare (subject to Section 3(a) and 3(e) hereof), file with the Commission (and use its best efforts to have any amendment to the Registration Statement or any new registration statement to be declared effective) and furnish at its own expense to the Underwriters and to dealers, amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, or any new registration statement, necessary in order to make the statements in the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus as so amended or supplemented, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, as the case may be, not misleading or so that the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, will comply with law. (e) PERMITTED FREE WRITING PROSPECTUSES. The Company represents that it has not made, and agrees that, unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Representative, it will not make, any offer relating to the Units that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or that would otherwise constitute a "FREE WRITING PROSPECTUS" (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act) required to be filed by the Company with the Commission or retained by the Company under Rule 433 of the Securities Act; provided that the prior written consent of the Representative hereto shall be deemed to have been given in respect of the Free Writing Prospectuses included in Schedule B hereto. Any such free writing prospectus consented to by the Representative is hereinafter referred to as a "PERMITTED FREE WRITING PROSPECTUS". The Company agrees that (i) it has treated and will treat, as the case may be, each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, and (ii) has complied and will comply, as the case may be, with the requirements of Rules 164 and 433 of the Securities Act applicable 14 to any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, including in respect of timely filing with the Commission, legending and record keeping. (f) COPIES OF ANY AMENDMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTS TO THE PROSPECTUS. The Company agrees to furnish the Representative, without charge, during the Prospectus Delivery Period, as many copies of each of the preliminary prospectus, the Prospectus and the Disclosure Package and any amendments and supplements thereto (including any documents incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference therein) as the Representative may reasonably request. (g) BLUE SKY COMPLIANCE. The Company shall cooperate with the Representative and counsel for the Underwriters to qualify or register the Units for sale under (or obtain exemptions from the application of) the state securities or blue sky laws of those jurisdictions designated by the Representative, shall comply with such laws and shall continue such qualifications, registrations and exemptions in effect so long as required for the distribution of the Units. The Company shall not be required to qualify as a foreign corporation or to take any action that would subject it to general service of process in any such jurisdiction where it is not presently qualified or where it would be subject to taxation as a foreign corporation. The Company will advise the Representative promptly of the suspension of the qualification or registration of (or any such exemption relating to) the Units for offering, sale or trading in any jurisdiction or any initiation or threat of any proceeding for any such purpose, and in the event of the issuance of any order suspending such qualification, registration or exemption, the Company shall use its best efforts to obtain the withdrawal thereof at the earliest possible moment. (h) USE OF PROCEEDS. The Company shall apply the net proceeds from the sale of the Units sold by it in the manner described under the caption "Use of Proceeds" in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. (i) TRANSFER AGENT. The Company shall engage and maintain, at its expense, a registrar and transfer agent for the Common Stock. (j) EARNINGS STATEMENT. As soon as practicable and in any event no later than 15 months after the effective date of the Registration Statement, the Company will make generally available to its security holders and to the Representative an earnings statement (which need not be audited) covering a period of at least twelve months beginning after the effective date of the Registration Statement that satisfies the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and Rule 158 under the Securities Act. (k) PERIODIC REPORTING OBLIGATIONS. During the Prospectus Delivery Period the Company shall file, on a timely basis, with the Commission and the Nasdaq Capital Market all reports and documents required to be filed under the Exchange Act. Additionally, the Company shall report the use of proceeds from the issuance of the Units as may be required under Rule 463 under the Securities Act. (l) COMPANY TO PROVIDE INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. Prior to the First Closing Date and, if applicable, each Subsequent Closing Date, the Company will furnish the Underwriters, as soon as they have been prepared by or are available to the Company, a copy of any unaudited interim financial statements of the Company for any period subsequent to the 15 period covered by the most recent financial statements appearing in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. (m) QUOTATION. The Company will use its best efforts to include, subject to notice of issuance, the Units on the Nasdaq Capital Market. (n) AGREEMENT NOT TO OFFER OR SELL ADDITIONAL SECURITIES. During the period commencing on the date hereof and ending on the 365th day following the date of the Prospectus, the Company will not, without the prior written consent of the Representative (which consent may be withheld at the Representative's sole discretion), directly or indirectly, sell, offer, contract or grant any option to sell, pledge, transfer or establish an open "PUT EQUIVALENT POSITION" within the meaning of Rule 16a-1(h) under the Exchange Act, or otherwise dispose of or transfer, or announce the offering of, or file any registration statement under the Securities Act (except as contemplated by the Prospectus) in respect of, any shares of Common Stock, options or warrants to acquire shares of the Common Stock or securities exchangeable or exercisable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock (other than as contemplated by this Agreement with respect to the Units); provided, however, that the Company may issue shares of its Common Stock or options to purchase its Common Stock, or shares of Common Stock upon exercise of options, in each case, pursuant to any stock option, stock bonus or other stock plan, arrangement or contractual obligation described in the Prospectus, but only if the holders of such shares, options, or shares issued upon exercise of such options, agree in writing not to sell, offer, dispose of or otherwise transfer any such shares or options during such 365-day period without the prior written consent of the Representative (which consent may be withheld at the Representative's sole discretion). (o) FUTURE REPORTS TO THE REPRESENTATIVE. During the period of five years hereafter the Company will furnish, if not otherwise available on EDGAR, to the Representative at 811 SW Naito Parkway, Portland, Oregon 97204 Attention: Syndicate Department: (i) as soon as practicable after the end of each fiscal year, copies of the Annual Report of the Company containing the balance sheet of the Company as of the close of such fiscal year and statements of income, shareholders' equity and cash flows for the year then ended and the opinion thereon of the Company's independent public or certified public accountants; (ii) as soon as practicable after the filing thereof, copies of each proxy statement, Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, Current Report on Form 8-K or other report filed by the Company with the Commission, the NASD or any securities exchange; and (iii) as soon as available, copies of any report or communication of the Company mailed generally to holders of its capital stock. (p) INVESTMENT LIMITATION. The Company shall not invest, or otherwise use the proceeds received by the Company from its sale of the Units in such a manner as would require the Company to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. (q) NO MANIPULATION OF PRICE. The Company will not take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or result in, or that has constituted or might reasonably be expected to constitute, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any securities of the Company. (r) EXISTING LOCK-UP AGREEMENTS. Except as described in the Prospectus, there are no existing agreements between the Company and its security holders that prohibit the sale, transfer, 16 assignment, pledge or hypothecation of any of the Company's securities. The Company will direct the transfer agent to place stop transfer restrictions upon the securities of the Company that are bound by such "lock-up" agreements for the duration of the periods contemplated therein. SECTION 4. PAYMENT OF EXPENSES. (a) The Representative shall be entitled to reimbursement from the Company, for itself alone and not as Representative of the Underwriters, to a non-accountable expense allowance equal to 2% of the aggregate initial public offering price of the Firm Units and any Option Units purchased by the Underwriters. The Representative shall be entitled to withhold this allowance on the Closing Date related to the purchase of the Firm Units or the Option Units, as the case may be. (b) In addition to the payment described in Paragraph (a) of this Section 4, the Company agrees to pay all costs, fees and expenses incurred in connection with the performance of their obligations hereunder and in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, including without limitation (i) all expenses incident to the issuance and delivery of the Units (including all printing and engraving costs, if any), (ii) all fees and expenses of the registrar and transfer agent of the Common Stock, (iii) all necessary issue, transfer and other stamp taxes in connection with the issuance and sale of the Units to the Underwriters, (iv) all fees and expenses of the Company's counsel, independent public or certified public accountants and other advisors, (v) all costs and expenses incurred in connection with the preparation, printing, filing, shipping and distribution of the Registration Statement (including financial statements, exhibits, schedules, consents and certificates of experts), each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, each preliminary prospectus and the Prospectus, and all amendments and supplements thereto, and this Agreement, (vi) all filing fees, attorneys' fees and expenses incurred by the Company or the Underwriters in connection with qualifying or registering (or obtaining exemptions from the qualification or registration of) all or any part of the Units for offer and sale under the state securities or blue sky laws, and, if requested by the Representative, preparing and printing a "Blue Sky Survey" or memorandum, and any supplements thereto, advising the Underwriters of such qualifications, registrations and exemptions, (vii) the filing fees incident to, the NASD's review and approval of the Underwriters' participation in the offering and distribution of the Units, (viii) the fees and expenses associated with including the Units on the Nasdaq National Market, (ix) all other fees, costs and expenses referred to in Item 13 of Part II of the Registration Statement, and (x) all reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses of the Underwriters. Except as provided in this Section 4, Section 6, Section 8 and Section 9 hereof, the Underwriters shall pay their own expenses, including the fees and disbursements of their counsel. SECTION 5. CONDITIONS OF THE OBLIGATIONS OF THE UNDERWRITERS. The obligations of the several Underwriters to purchase and pay for the Firm Units as provided herein on the First Closing Date and, with respect to the Optional Units, each Subsequent Closing Date, shall be subject to (1) the accuracy of the representations and warranties on the part of the Company set forth in Section 1 hereof as of the date hereof and as of the First Closing Date and each Subsequent Closing Date as though then made; (2) the timely performance by the Company of its covenants and other obligations hereunder; and (3) each of the following additional conditions: 17 (a) ACCOUNTANTS' COMFORT LETTER. On the date hereof, the Representative shall have received from Cole & Reed, P.C., independent registered public accounting firm of the Company, a letter dated the date hereof addressed to the Underwriters, in form and substance satisfactory to the Representative, containing statements and information of the type ordinarily included in accountant's "comfort letters" to underwriters, delivered according to Statement of Auditing Standards No. 72 (or any successor bulletin), with respect to the audited and unaudited financial statements and certain financial information contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (and the Representative shall have received an additional four conformed copies of such accountants' letter for the several Underwriters). (b) EFFECTIVENESS OF REGISTRATION STATEMENT; COMPLIANCE WITH REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS; NO STOP ORDER. For the period from and after effectiveness of this Agreement and prior to the First Closing Date and, with respect to the Optional Units, any Subsequent Closing Date: (i) the Company shall have filed the Prospectus with the Commission (including the information required by Rule 430A under the Securities Act) in the manner and within the time period required by Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act; or the Company shall have filed a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement containing the information required by such Rule 430A, and such post-effective amendment shall have become effective; and (ii) no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, or any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement, shall be in effect and no proceedings for such purpose shall have been instituted or threatened by the Commission. (c) NO MATERIAL ADVERSE CHANGE. For the period from and after the date of this Agreement and prior to the First Closing Date and, with respect to the Optional Units, each Subsequent Closing Date, in the judgment of the Representative there shall not have occurred any Material Adverse Change. (d) OPINION OF COUNSEL FOR THE COMPANY. On each of the First Closing Date and each Subsequent Closing Date the Representative shall have received the opinion of Morse, Zelnick, Rose & Lander LLP, counsel for the Company, dated as of the First Closing Date or the Subsequent Closing Date, as applicable, substantially in the form attached as Exhibit A (and the Representative shall have received an additional four conformed copies of such counsel's legal opinion for the several Underwriters). (e) OPINION OF COUNSEL FOR THE UNDERWRITERS. On each of the First Closing Date and each Subsequent Closing Date the Representative shall have received the opinion of Stoel Rives LLP, counsel for the Underwriters, dated as of the First Closing Date or the Subsequent Closing Date, as applicable, in a form satisfactory to the Representative (and the Representative shall have received an additional four conformed copies of such counsel's legal opinion for the several Underwriters). 18 (f) OFFICERS' CERTIFICATE. On each of the First Closing Date and each Subsequent Closing Date the Representative shall have received a written certificate executed by the Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer or President of the Company and the Chief Financial Officer or Chief Accounting Officer of the Company, dated as of such Closing Date, to the effect that the signers of such certificate have reviewed the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto and this Agreement, to the effect set forth in subsection (b)(ii) of this Section 5, and further to the effect that: (i) for the period from and after the date of this Agreement and prior to such Closing Date, there has not occurred any Material Adverse Change; (ii) the representations, warranties and covenants of the Company set forth in Section 1 of this Agreement are true and correct with the same force and effect as though expressly made on and as of such Closing Date; and (iii) the Company has complied with all the agreements hereunder and satisfied all the conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied hereunder at or prior to such Closing Date. (g) BRING-DOWN COMFORT LETTER. On each of the First Closing Date and each Subsequent Closing Date, the Representative shall have received from Cole & Reed, P.C., independent public or certified public accountants for the Company, a letter dated such date, in form and substance satisfactory to the Representative, to the effect that they reaffirm the statements made in the letter furnished by them pursuant to subsection (a) of this Section 5, except that the specified date referred to therein for the carrying out of procedures shall be no more than three business days prior to the First Closing Date or Subsequent Closing Date, as the case may be (and the Representative shall have received an additional four conformed copies of such accountants' letter the several Underwriters). (h) LOCK-UP AGREEMENT FROM CERTAIN SECURITYHOLDERS OF THE COMPANY. On or prior to the date hereof, the Company shall have furnished to the Representative an agreement in the form of Exhibit B hereto from each shareholder of the Company, and such agreement shall be in full force and effect on each of the First Closing Date and each Subsequent Closing Date. (i) ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTS. On or before each of the First Closing Date and each Subsequent Closing Date, the Representative and counsel for the Underwriters shall have received such information, documents and opinions as they may reasonably require for the purposes of enabling them to pass upon the issuance and sale of the Units as contemplated herein, or in order to evidence the accuracy of any of the representations and warranties, or the satisfaction of any of the conditions or agreements, herein contained. If any condition specified in this Section 5 is not satisfied when and as required to be satisfied, this Agreement may be terminated by the Representative by notice to the Company at any time on or prior to the First Closing Date and, with respect to the Optional Units, at any time prior to each Subsequent Closing Date, which termination shall be without liability on the part of 19 any party to any other party, except that Section 4, Section 6, Section 8 and Section 9 shall at all times be effective and shall survive such termination. SECTION 6. REIMBURSEMENT OF UNDERWRITERS' EXPENSES. If this Agreement is terminated by the Representative pursuant to Section 5, Section 11, or Section 19, or by the Company pursuant to Section 7, or if the sale to the Underwriters of the Units on the First Closing Date or Subsequent Closing Date is not consummated because of any refusal, inability or failure on the part of the Company to perform any agreement herein or to comply with any provision hereof, the Company agrees to reimburse the Representative and the other Underwriters (or such Underwriters as have terminated this Agreement with respect to themselves), severally, upon demand for all out-of-pocket expenses that shall have been reasonably incurred by the Representative and the Underwriters in connection with the proposed purchase and the offering and sale of the Units, including but not limited to fees and disbursements of counsel, printing expenses, travel expenses, postage, facsimile and telephone charges. SECTION 7. EFFECTIVENESS OF THIS AGREEMENT. This Agreement shall not become effective until the later of (i) the execution of this Agreement by the parties hereto and (ii) notification (including by way of oral notification from the reviewer at the Commission) by the Commission to the Company of the effectiveness of the Registration Statement under the Securities Act; provided that Sections 4, 6, 8 and 9 shall at all times be effective. Prior to such effectiveness, this Agreement may be terminated by any party by notice to each of the other parties hereto, and any such termination shall be without liability on the part of (a) the Company to any Underwriter, except that (solely in the case where the Company has terminated this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7) the Company shall be obligated to reimburse the expenses of the Representative and the Underwriters pursuant to Sections 4 and 6 hereof, or (b) any Underwriter to the Company except that the provisions of Section 8 and Section 9 shall at all times be effective and shall survive such termination. SECTION 8. INDEMNIFICATION. (a) INDEMNIFICATION OF THE UNDERWRITERS. (1) The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter, its officers and employees, and each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act against any loss, claim, damage, liability or expense, as incurred, to which such Underwriter or such controlling person may become subject, under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or other federal or state statutory law or regulation, or at common law or otherwise (including in settlement of any litigation, if such settlement is effected with the written consent of the Company), insofar as such loss, claim, damage, liability or expense (or actions in respect thereof as contemplated below) arises out of or is based (i) upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, or any amendment thereto, including any information deemed to be a part thereof pursuant to Rule 430A, Rule 430B and Rule 430C under the Securities Act, or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; or (ii) upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, any preliminary 20 prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto), or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; or (iii) in whole or in part upon any inaccuracy in the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein; or (iv) in whole or in part upon any failure of the Company to perform its obligations hereunder or under law; or (v) upon any act or failure to act or any alleged act or failure to act by any Underwriter in connection with, or relating in any manner to, the Common Stock or the offering contemplated hereby, and which is included as part of or referred to in any loss, claim, damage, liability or action arising out of or based upon any matter covered by clause (i) or (ii) above, provided that the Company shall not be liable under this clause (v) to the extent that a court of competent jurisdiction shall have determined by a final judgment that such loss, claim, damage, liability or action resulted directly from any such acts or failures to act undertaken or omitted to be taken by such Underwriter through its bad faith or willful misconduct; and to reimburse each Underwriter and each such controlling person for any and all expenses (including the fees and disbursements of counsel chosen by the Representative) as such expenses are reasonably incurred by such Underwriter or such controlling person in connection with investigating, defending, settling, compromising or paying any such loss, claim, damage, liability, expense or action; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the foregoing indemnity agreement shall not apply to any loss, claim, damage, liability or expense to the extent, but only to the extent, arising out of or based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by the Representative expressly for use in the Registration Statement, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto). The indemnity agreement set forth in this Section 8(a)(1) shall be in addition to any liabilities that the Company may otherwise have. (b) INDEMNIFICATION OF THE COMPANY, ITS DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS. Each Underwriter agrees, severally and not jointly, to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, each of its directors, each of its officers who signed the Registration Statement and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, against any loss, claim, damage, liability or expense, as incurred, to which the Company, or any such director, officer, or controlling person may become subject, under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, or other federal or state statutory law or regulation, or at common law or otherwise (including in settlement of any litigation, if such settlement is effected with the written consent of such Underwriter), insofar as such loss, claim, damage, liability or expense (or actions in respect thereof as contemplated below) arises out of or is based upon any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto), or arises out of or is based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in each case to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in the Registration Statement, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto), in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by the Representative expressly for use therein; and to reimburse the Company, or any such director, officer, or controlling person for any legal and other expense reasonably incurred by the Company, or any such director, officer, or controlling 21 person in connection with investigating, defending, settling, compromising or paying any such loss, claim, damage, liability, expense or action. The Company hereby acknowledges that the only information that the Underwriters have furnished to the Company expressly for use in the Registration Statement, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) are the statements set forth in the table in the first paragraph and in the sixth and seventh paragraphs (relating to stabilization and market making activities) under the caption "Underwriting" in the preliminary prospectus and the Prospectus; and the Underwriters confirm that such statements are correct. The indemnity agreement set forth in this Section 8(b) shall be in addition to any liabilities that each Underwriter may otherwise have. (c) NOTIFICATIONS AND OTHER INDEMNIFICATION PROCEDURES. Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section 8 of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against an indemnifying party under this Section 8, notify the indemnifying party in writing of the commencement thereof, but the omission so to notify the indemnifying party will not relieve it from any liability which it may have to any indemnified party for contribution or otherwise than under the indemnity agreement contained in this Section 8 or to the extent it is not prejudiced as a proximate result of such failure. In case any such action is brought against any indemnified party and such indemnified party seeks or intends to seek indemnity from an indemnifying party, the indemnifying party will be entitled to participate in, and, to the extent that it shall elect, jointly with all other indemnifying parties similarly notified, by written notice delivered to the indemnified party promptly after receiving the aforesaid notice from such indemnified party, to assume the defense thereof with counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified party; provided, however, if the defendants in any such action include both the indemnified party and the indemnifying party and the indemnified party shall have reasonably concluded that a conflict may arise between the positions of the indemnifying party and the indemnified party in conducting the defense of any such action or that there may be legal defenses available to it and/or other indemnified parties which are different from or additional to those available to the indemnifying party, the indemnified party or parties shall have the right to select separate counsel to assume such legal defenses and to otherwise participate in the defense of such action on behalf of such indemnified party or parties. Upon receipt of notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of such indemnifying party's election so to assume the defense of such action and approval by the indemnified party of counsel, the indemnifying party will not be liable to such indemnified party under this Section 8 for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by such indemnified party in connection with the defense thereof unless (i) the indemnified party shall have employed separate counsel in accordance with the proviso to the next preceding sentence (it being understood, however, that the indemnifying party shall not be liable for the expenses of more than one separate counsel (together with local counsel), approved by the indemnifying party (the Representative in the case of Section 8(b) and Section 9), representing the indemnified parties who are parties to such action) or (ii) the indemnifying party shall not have employed counsel satisfactory to the indemnified party to represent the indemnified party within a reasonable time after notice of commencement of the action, in each of which cases the fees and expenses of counsel shall be at the expense of the indemnifying party. 22 (d) SETTLEMENTS. The indemnifying party under this Section 8 shall not be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent, but if settled with such consent or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff, the indemnifying party agrees to indemnify the indemnified party against any loss, claim, damage, liability or expense by reason of such settlement or judgment. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, if at any time an indemnified party shall have requested an indemnifying party to reimburse the indemnified party for fees and expenses of counsel as contemplated by Section 8(c) hereof, the indemnifying party agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent if (i) such settlement is entered into more than 30 days after receipt by such indemnifying party of the aforesaid request and (ii) such indemnifying party shall not have reimbursed the indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement. No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified party, effect any settlement, compromise or consent to the entry of judgment in any pending or threatened action, suit or proceeding in respect of which any indemnified party is or could have been a party and indemnity was or could have been sought hereunder by such indemnified party, unless such settlement, compromise or consent includes an unconditional release of such indemnified party from all liability on claims that are the subject matter of such action, suit or proceeding. SECTION 9. CONTRIBUTION. If the indemnification provided for in Section 8 is for any reason held to be unavailable to or otherwise insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party in respect of any losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses referred to therein, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the aggregate amount paid or payable by such indemnified party, as incurred, as a result of any losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses referred to therein (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the indemnifying parties on the one hand, and the indemnified parties, on the other hand, from the offering of the Units pursuant to this Agreement or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) above is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the indemnifying parties, on the one hand, and the indemnified parties, on the other hand, in connection with the statements or omissions or inaccuracies in the representations and warranties herein which resulted in such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the indemnifying parties, on the one hand, and the indemnified parties, on the other hand, in connection with the offering of the Units pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed to be in the same respective proportions as the total net proceeds from the offering of the Units pursuant to this Agreement (before deducting expenses) received by the indemnifying parties, and the total underwriting discount received by the indemnified parties, in each case as set forth on the front cover page of the Prospectus bear to the aggregate initial public offering price of the Units as set forth on such cover. The relative fault of the indemnifying parties, on the one hand, and the indemnified parties, on the other hand, shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any such untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact or any such inaccurate or alleged inaccurate representation or warranty relates to information supplied by indemnifying parties, on the one hand, or the indemnified parties, on the other hand, and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. 23 The amount paid or payable by a party as a result of the losses, claims, damages, liabilities and expenses referred to above shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth in Section 8(c), any legal or other fees or expenses reasonably incurred by such party in connection with investigating or defending any action or claim. The provisions set forth in Section 8(c) with respect to notice of commencement of any action shall apply if a claim for contribution is to be made under this Section 9; provided, however, that no additional notice shall be required with respect to any action for which notice has been given under Section 8(c) for purposes of indemnification. The Company and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 9 were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in this Section 9. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 9, no Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the underwriting commissions received by such Underwriter in connection with the Units underwritten by it and distributed to the public. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The Underwriters' obligations to contribute pursuant to this Section 9 are several, and not joint, in proportion to their respective underwriting commitments as set forth opposite their names in Schedule A. For purposes of this Section 9, each officer and employee of an Underwriter and each person, if any, who controls an Underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act shall have the same rights to contribution as such Underwriter; and each director of the Company, each officer of the Company who signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act shall have the same rights to contribution as the Company. SECTION 10. DEFAULT OF ONE OR MORE OF THE SEVERAL UNDERWRITERS. If, on the First Closing Date or each Subsequent Closing Date, as the case may be, any one or more of the several Underwriters shall fail or refuse to purchase Units that it or they have agreed to purchase hereunder on such date, and the aggregate number of Units which such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed but failed or refused to purchase does not exceed 10% of the aggregate number of the Units to be purchased on such date, the other Underwriters shall be obligated, severally, in the proportions that the number of Firm Units set forth opposite their respective names on Schedule A bears to the aggregate number of Firm Units set forth opposite the names of all such non-defaulting Underwriters, or in such other proportions as may be specified by the Representative with the consent of the non-defaulting Underwriters, to purchase the Units which such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed but failed or refused to purchase on such date. If, on the First Closing Date or each Subsequent Closing Date, as the case may be, any one or more of the Underwriters shall fail or refuse to purchase Units and the aggregate number of Units with respect to which such default occurs exceeds 10% of the aggregate number of Units to be purchased on such date, and arrangements satisfactory to the Representative and the Company for the purchase of such Units are not made within 48 hours after such default, this Agreement shall terminate without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of Section 4, Section 6, Section 8 and Section 9 shall at all times be effective and shall survive such termination. In any such case either the Representative or the Company shall have the right to 24 postpone the First Closing Date or each Subsequent Closing Date, as the case may be, but in no event for longer than seven days in order that the required changes, if any, to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus or any other documents or arrangements may be effected. As used in this Agreement, the term "UNDERWRITER" shall be deemed to include any person substituted for a defaulting Underwriter under this Section 10. Any action taken under this Section 10 shall not relieve any defaulting Underwriter from liability in respect of any default of such Underwriter under this Agreement. SECTION 11. TERMINATION OF THIS AGREEMENT. Prior to the First Closing Date and, with respect to Optional Units, each Subsequent Closing Date, whether before or after notification by the Commission to the Company of the effectiveness of the Registration Statement under the Securities Act, this Agreement may be terminated by the Representative by notice given to the Company if at any time (i) trading or quotation in any of the Company's securities shall have been suspended or limited by the Commission or by the Nasdaq Capital Market, or trading in securities generally on either the Nasdaq Stock Market or the New York Stock Exchange shall have been suspended or limited, or minimum or maximum prices shall have been generally established on any of such stock exchanges by the Commission or the NASD; (ii) a general banking moratorium shall have been declared by any of federal, New York or Oklahoma authorities; (iii) there shall have occurred any outbreak or escalation of national or international hostilities or any crisis or calamity, or any change in the United States or international financial markets, or any substantial change or development involving a prospective substantial change in United States' or international political, financial or economic conditions that, in the judgment of the Representative is material and adverse and makes it impracticable to market the Units in the manner and on the terms described in the Prospectus or to enforce contracts for the sale of securities; or (iv) in the judgment of the Representative there shall have occurred any Material Adverse Change (regardless of whether any loss associated with such Material Adverse Change shall have been insured). Any termination pursuant to this Section 11 shall be without liability on the part of (a) the Company to any Underwriter, except that the Company shall be obligated to reimburse the expenses of the Representative and the Underwriters pursuant to Sections 4 and 6 hereof, (b) any Underwriter to the Company, or (c) of any party hereto to any other party except that the provisions of Section 8 and Section 9 shall at all times be effective and shall survive such termination. SECTION 12. NO ADVISORY OR FIDUCIARY RESPONSIBILITY. The Company acknowledges and agrees that: (i) the purchase and sale of the Units pursuant to this Agreement, including the determination of the public offering price of the Units and any related discounts and commissions, is an arm's-length commercial transaction between the Company, on the one hand, and the several Underwriters, on the other hand, and the Company is capable of evaluating and understanding and understands and accepts the terms, risks and conditions of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; (ii) in connection with each transaction contemplated hereby and the process leading to such transaction each Underwriter is and has been acting solely as a principal and is not the financial advisor, agent or fiduciary of the Company or its affiliates, shareholders, creditors or employees or any other party; (iii) no Underwriter has assumed or will assume an advisory, agency or fiduciary responsibility in favor of the Company with respect to any of the transactions contemplated hereby or the process leading thereto (irrespective of whether such Underwriter has advised or is currently advising the Company on other matters) 25 and no Underwriter has any obligation to the Company with respect to the offering contemplated hereby except the obligations expressly set forth in this Agreement; (iv) the several Underwriters and their respective affiliates may be engaged in a broad range of transactions that involve interests that differ from those of the Company and that the several Underwriters have no obligation to disclose any of such interests by virtue of any advisory, agency or fiduciary relationship; and (v) the Underwriters have not provided any legal, accounting, regulatory or tax advice with respect to the offering contemplated hereby and the Company has consulted its own legal, accounting, regulatory and tax advisors to the extent it deemed appropriate. The Company hereby waives and releases, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any claims that the Company may have against the several Underwriters with respect to any breach or alleged breach of agency or fiduciary duty. This Agreement supersedes all prior agreements and understandings (whether written or oral) between the Company and the several Underwriters, or any of them, with respect to the subject matter hereof. SECTION 13. REPRESENTATIONS AND INDEMNITIES TO SURVIVE DELIVERY. The respective indemnities, agreements, representations, warranties and other statements of the Company, of its officers, and of the several Underwriters set forth in or made pursuant to this Agreement will remain in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of any Underwriter or the Company or any of its or their partners, officers or directors or any controlling person, as the case may be, and will survive delivery of and payment for the Units sold hereunder and any termination of this Agreement. SECTION 14. NOTICES. All communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be mailed, hand delivered or telecopied and confirmed to the parties hereto as follows: If to the Representative: Paulson Investment Company, Inc. 811 SW Naito Parkway, Suite 200 Portland, Oregon 97204 Facsimile: (503) 243-6095 Attention: Syndicate Department WITH A COPY TO: Stoel Rives LLP 900 SW 5th Avenue Portland, Oregon 97204 Facsimile: (503) 220-2480 Attention: John J. Halle 26 If to the Company: Vaughan Foods, Inc. 216 N.E. 12th Street Moore, Oklahoma 73160 Facsimile: (405) 895-6596 Attention: Chief Executive Officer WITH A COPY TO: Morse, Zelnick, Rose & Lander LLP 405 Park Avenue New York, New York 10022 Facsimile: (212) 838-9190 Attention: Stephen A. Zelnick Any party hereto may change the address for receipt of communications by giving written notice to the others. SECTION 15. SUCCESSORS. This Agreement will inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto, including any substitute Underwriters pursuant to Section 10 hereof, and to the benefit of the employees, officers and directors and controlling persons referred to in Section 8 and Section 9, and in each case their respective successors, and personal representatives and no other person will have any right or obligation hereunder. The term "SUCCESSORS" shall not include any purchaser of the Units as such from any of the Underwriters merely by reason of such purchase. SECTION 16. PARTIAL UNENFORCEABILITY. The invalidity or unenforceability of any Section, paragraph or provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other Section, paragraph or provision hereof. If any Section, paragraph or provision of this Agreement is for any reason determined to be invalid or unenforceable, there shall be deemed to be made such minor changes (and only such minor changes) as are necessary to make it valid and enforceable. SECTION 17. GOVERNING LAW PROVISIONS. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INTERNAL LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK APPLICABLE TO AGREEMENTS MADE AND TO BE PERFORMED IN SUCH STATE. SECTION 18. CONSENT TO JURISDICTION. Any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of or based upon this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby ("RELATED PROCEEDINGS") may be instituted in the federal courts of the United States of America located in Portland, Oregon or the courts of the Oregon in each case located in Portland, Oregon (collectively, the "SPECIFIED COURTS"), and each party irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction (except for proceedings instituted in regard to the enforcement of a judgment of any such court (a "RELATED JUDGMENT"), as to which such jurisdiction is non-exclusive) of such courts in any such suit, action or proceeding. Service of any process, summons, notice or document by mail to such party's address set forth above shall be effective service of process for any suit, action or other proceeding brought in any such court. The parties irrevocably and unconditionally waive any objection to the laying of venue of any suit, action or other 27 proceeding in the Specified Courts and irrevocably and unconditionally waive and agree not to plead or claim in any such court that any such suit, action or other proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. SECTION 19. GENERAL PROVISIONS. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement of the parties to this Agreement and supersedes all prior written or oral and all contemporaneous oral agreements, understandings and negotiations with respect to the subject matter hereof. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each one of which shall be an original, with the same effect as if the signatures thereto and hereto were upon the same instrument. This Agreement may not be amended or modified unless in writing by all of the parties hereto, and no condition herein (express or implied) may be waived unless waived in writing by each party whom the condition is meant to benefit. The Table of Contents and the Section headings herein are for the convenience of the parties only and shall not affect the construction or interpretation of this Agreement. Each of the parties hereto acknowledges that it is a sophisticated business person who was adequately represented by counsel during negotiations regarding the provisions hereof, including, without limitation, the indemnification provisions of Section 8 and the contribution provisions of Section 9, and is fully informed regarding said provisions. Each of the parties hereto further acknowledges that the provisions of Sections 8 and 9 hereto fairly allocate the risks in light of the ability of the parties to investigate the Company, its affairs and its business in order to assure that adequate disclosure has been made in the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus and the Prospectus (and any amendments and supplements thereto), as required by the Securities Act and the Exchange Act. The respective indemnities, contribution agreements, representations, warranties and other statements of the Company and the several Underwriters set forth in or made pursuant to this Agreement shall remain operative and in full force and effect, regardless of (i) any investigation, or statement as to the results thereof, made by or on behalf of any Underwriter, the officers or employees of any Underwriter, any person controlling any Underwriter, the Company, the officers or employees of the Company, or any person controlling the Company, (ii) acceptance of the Units and payment for them hereunder and (iii) termination of this Agreement. Except as otherwise provided, this Agreement has been and is made solely for the benefit of and shall be binding upon the Company, the Underwriters, the Underwriters' officers and employees, any controlling persons referred to herein, the Company's directors and the Company's officers who sign the Registration Statement and their respective successors and assigns, all as and to the extent provided in this Agreement, and no other person shall acquire or have any right under or by virtue of this Agreement. The term "SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS" shall not include a purchaser of any of the Units from any of the several Underwriters merely because of such purchase. 28 If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, kindly sign and return to the Company the enclosed copies hereof, whereupon this instrument, along with all counterparts hereof, shall become a binding agreement in accordance with its terms. Very truly yours, VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. By: ------------------------------ Name: Mark E. Vaughan Title: Chief Executive Officer The foregoing Underwriting Agreement is hereby confirmed and accepted by the Representative as of the date first above written. PAULSON INVESTMENT COMPANY, INC. Acting as Representative of the several Underwriters named in the attached Schedule A. By: ___________________________________ Name: Title: 29 SCHEDULE A NUMBER OF FIRM UNITS TO BE UNDERWRITERS PURCHASED - ------------------------------------------------------- --------------- Paulson Investment Company, Inc. Total........................................ 5,000,000 ========= SCH. A-1 SCHEDULE B ISSUER FREE WRITING PROSPECTUS SCH. B-1 SCHEDULE C PRICING TERMS Price per Unit to public: $_______ Underwriting discounts and commissions per Unit: $______ Offering proceeds to the Company, before expenses: $_________ Closing Date: _______, 2006 SCH. C-1 EXHIBIT A Opinion of counsel for the Company TO BE DELIVERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 5(D) OF THE UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- References to the Prospectus in this Exhibit A include any supplements thereto at the First Closing Date and, if applicable, each Subsequent Closing Date. Capitalized terms used and not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Underwriting Agreement. (i) The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of Oklahoma. (ii) The Company has corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and to enter into and perform its obligations under the Underwriting Agreement. (iii) The Company is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good standing in each other jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, except for such jurisdictions where the failure to so qualify or to be in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change. (iv) To the best of such counsel's knowledge, the Company does not own an equity interest in any other entity. (v) The authorized, issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company (including the Common Stock) conforms to the descriptions thereof set forth in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. All of the outstanding shares of Common Stock have been duly authorized and validly issued, are fully paid and nonassessable and, to the best of such counsel's knowledge, have been issued in compliance with the registration and qualification requirements of federal and state securities laws. The form of certificate used to evidence the Common Stock complies with all applicable requirements of the charter and by-laws of the Company and the General Corporation Act of the State of Oklahoma. The description of the Company's stock option, stock bonus and other stock plans or arrangements, and the options or other rights granted and exercised thereunder, set forth in the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus accurately and fairly presents the information required to be shown with respect to such plans, arrangements, options and rights. (vi) No shareholder of the Company or any other person has any preemptive right, right of first refusal or other similar right to subscribe for or purchase securities of the Company arising (i) by operation of the charter or by-laws of the Company or the General Corporation Act of the State of Oklahoma or (ii) to the best knowledge of such counsel, otherwise. (vii) The Underwriting Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company. (viii) The Common Stock included in the Units to be purchased by the Underwriters from the Company (including units purchasable on exercise of the Underwriters' overallotment option and the Representative's Warrants) has been duly authorized and reserved for issuance EX. A-1 and sale pursuant to this Agreement and, in the case of Common Stock issuable on exercise of the Representative's Warrants, the terms thereof and, when so issued and delivered by the Company, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. The Class A Warrants and Class B Warrants included in the Units to be purchased by the Underwriters from the Company have been duly and validly authorized by all required corporate actions and will, when issued and delivered by the Company pursuant to this Agreement, be validly executed and delivered by, and will be valid and binding agreements of, the Company, enforceable in accordance with their terms, except as the enforcement thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors or by general equitable principles. The Representative's Warrants have been duly and validly authorized by all required corporate actions and will, when issued and delivered by the Company pursuant to this Agreement, be validly executed and delivered by, and will be valid and binding agreements of, the Company, enforceable in accordance with their terms, except as the enforcement thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors or by general equitable principles. The Common Stock issuable on exercise of Class A Warrants, Class B Warrants has been duly authorized and reserved for issuance and sale pursuant to the terms of such warrants and, when issued and delivered by the Company pursuant to such warrants, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. (ix) The Warrant Agreement has been duly authorized by the Company. When duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered as contemplated in the Registration Statement and the Warrant Agreement, the Warrant Agreement will constitute the legally binding agreement of the Company, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except as the enforcement thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors or by general equitable principles. (ix) The Registration Statement and the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, if any, has been declared effective by the Commission under the Securities Act. To the best knowledge of such counsel, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of either of the Registration Statement or the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, if any, has been issued under the Securities Act and no proceedings for such purpose have been instituted or are pending or are contemplated or threatened by the Commission. Any required filing of the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and any supplement thereto pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act has been made in the manner and within the time period required by such Rule 424(b). (x) The Registration Statement, including any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, the Prospectus, and each amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, and each document deemed to be part of the Disclosure Package, as of their respective effective or issue dates (other than the financial statements and supporting schedules included therein or in exhibits to or excluded from the Registration Statement, as to which no opinion need be rendered) comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act. (xi) The Units, the Common Stock, the Class A Warrants and the Class B Warrants have been approved for quotation on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbols "_____," EX. A-2 "_____," "_____" and "_____," respectively, and on the Boston Stock Exchange under the symbols "_____," "_____," "_____" and "_____," respectively. (xiv) The statements (i) in each of the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus under the captions "Related Party Transactions", "Description of Securities" and "Shares Eligible for Future Sale", (ii) under the caption "Indemnification of Officers and Directors" in Item 24 of the Registration Statement, (iii) under the caption "Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities in Item 26 of the Registration Statement, insofar as such statements constitute matters of law, legal conclusions or summaries of legal matters or documents or the Company's charter or by-law provisions, have been reviewed by such counsel and fairly present and summarize, in all material respects, the matters referred to therein. (xv) To the best knowledge of such counsel, there are no legal or governmental actions, suits or proceedings pending or threatened which are required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement or the Disclosure Package, other than those disclosed therein. (xvi) To the best knowledge of such counsel, there are no Existing Instruments required to be described or referred to in the Registration Statement or to be filed as exhibits thereto other than those described or referred to therein or filed as exhibits thereto; and the descriptions thereof and references thereto are correct in all material respects. (xvii) No consent, approval, authorization or other order of, or registration or filing with, any court or other governmental authority or agency, is required for the Company's execution, delivery and performance of the Underwriting Agreement and consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby and by the Prospectus, except as required under the Securities Act, the applicable laws of any foreign jurisdiction, applicable state securities or blue sky laws and from the NASD. (xviii) The execution and delivery of the Underwriting Agreement by the Company and the performance by the Company of its obligations thereunder (other than performance by the Company of its obligations under the indemnification section of the Underwriting Agreement, as to which no opinion need be rendered) (i) have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company; (ii) will not result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or by-laws of the Company; (iii) will not (A) constitute a breach of, or Default under any Existing Instrument, or (B) result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company pursuant to, in the case of each of clauses (A) and (B), any Existing Instrument filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement or, to the best knowledge of such counsel, any other material Existing Instrument; or (iv) to the best knowledge of such counsel, will not result in any violation of any law, administrative regulation or administrative or court decree applicable to the Company. (xix) The Company is not, and after receipt of payment for the Units and the application of the proceeds thereof as contemplated under the caption "Use of Proceeds" in the Prospectus and in the Disclosure Package will not be, an "INVESTMENT COMPANY" within the meaning of Investment Company Act. EX. A-3 (xx) To the best knowledge of such counsel, there are no persons with registration or other similar rights to have any equity or debt securities registered for sale under the Registration Statement or included in the offering contemplated by the Underwriting Agreement, except for such rights as have been duly waived. (xxi) To the best knowledge of such counsel, the Company is not in violation of its charter or by-laws or any law, administrative regulation or administrative or court decree applicable to the Company or is in Default in the performance or observance of any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any material Existing Instrument, except in each such case for such violations or Defaults as would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change. In addition, such counsel shall state that they have participated in conferences with officers and other representatives of the Company, representatives of the independent public or certified public accountants for the Company and with representatives of the Underwriters at which the contents of the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, and any supplements or amendments thereto, and related matters were discussed and, although such counsel is not passing upon and does not assume any responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the statements contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference therein (other than as specified above), and any supplements or amendments thereto, on the basis of the foregoing, nothing has come to their attention which has caused them to believe that (i) either the Registration Statement or any amendments thereto, at the time the Registration Statement or such amendments became effective, contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; (ii) the Prospectus, as of its date or at the First Closing Date or each Subsequent Closing Date, as the case may be, contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; or (iii) the items specified in Schedule I, consisting of those included in the Disclosure Package, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (it being understood that such counsel need express no belief as to the financial statements or schedules or other financial data derived therefrom, included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any amendments or supplements thereto). In rendering such opinion, such counsel may rely (A) as to matters involving the application of laws of any jurisdiction other than the General Corporation Act of the State of Oklahoma, or the federal law of the United States, to the extent they deem proper and specified in such opinion, upon the opinion (which shall be dated the First Closing Date or each Subsequent Closing Date, as the case may be, shall be satisfactory in form and substance to the Underwriters, shall expressly state that the Underwriters may rely on such opinion as if it were addressed to them and shall be furnished to the Representative) of other counsel of good standing whom they believe to be reliable and who are satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters; provided, however, that such counsel shall further state that they believe that they and the Underwriters are justified in relying upon such opinion of other counsel, and (B) as to matters of fact, to the extent they deem proper, on certificates of responsible officers of the Company and public officials. EX. A-4 EXHIBIT B FORM OF LOCK-UP AGREEMENT EX. B-1 EX-3.1 5 c44364_ex3-1.txt Exhibit 3.1 AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. Pursuant to the provisions of Sections 1077 and 1080 of Title 18 of the Business Corporation Act of the State of Oklahoma, VAUGHAN FOODS, INC., an Oklahoma corporation (the "Corporation"), hereby amends and restates its Certificate of Incorporation and certifies as follows: 1. The Corporation was incorporated under the laws of the State of Oklahoma on April 18, 1989 by filing of its original Certificate of Incorporation with the Oklahoma Secretary of State. 2. The Certificate of Incorporation as amended and restated as provided in Sections 1077 and 1080 of the Oklahoma General Corporation Act of the State of Oklahoma and shall read in full as follows: ARTICLE FIRST: NAME. The name of the Corporation is VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. ARTICLE SECOND: REGISTERED OFFICE AND REGISTERED AGENT. The registered office of the Corporation in the State of Oklahoma shall be located at 216 NE 12th Street, City of Moore, County of Cleveland. The name of the resident agent in charge thereof is Mark Vaughan. ARTICLE THIRD: PURPOSE. The purpose of the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the Oklahoma Business Corporation Act as presently in effect or as it may hereafter be amended. ARTICLE FOURTH: AUTHORIZED CAPITAL STOCK. SECTION 4.1 AUTHORIZATION. The total number of shares which this Corporation shall have authority to issue is 55,000,000 shares, consisting of (i) 50,000,000 shares of common stock, $.001 par value per share and (ii) 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $.001 par value per share (the "Preferred Stock"). The Board of Directors, in the exercise of its discretion, is authorized to issue the undesignated Preferred Stock in one or mare series, to determine the powers, preferences and rights, and qualifications, limitations or restrictions, granted to or imposed upon any wholly unissued series of undesignated Preferred Stock, and to fix the number os shares constituting any series and the designation of such series, without any further vote or action by the stockholders. 1 ARTICLE FIFTH: STOCKHOLDERS. SECTION 5.1 ANNUAL MEETING. The Annual Meeting of the Stockholders of the Corporation shall be held as provided in the Corporation's Bylaws, as such Bylaws may be amended from time to time. SECTION 5.2 SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special Meetings of the Stockholders of the Corporation may be called by the Corporation upon the written request of the holders of record of outstanding shares representing at least 25% of the voting power of all the shares of the Corporation then entitled to vote on the issue or issues to be presented, by the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation, or by the Board of Directors pursuant to a resolution adopted by the affirmative vote of a majority of the entire Board of Directors. SECTION 5.3 FIRST ANNUAL MEETING. The first Annual Meeting of the Stockholders of the Corporation following the Effective Date shall take place on a date designated by the Board of Directors of the Corporation which shall in no event be more than twelve (12) months after the Effective Date. ARTICLE SIXTH: BYLAWS. In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by the laws of the State of Oklahoma, the Board of Directors of the Corporation is authorized and empowered to make, alter, amend and repeal the Bylaws of the Corporation in any manner not inconsistent with the laws of the State of Oklahoma. ARTICLE SEVENTH: INDEMNIFICATION. The Corporation shall, to the fullest extent permitted by Section 1031 of the Oklahoma General Corporation Act, as presently in effect or as it may hereafter be amended, indemnify all persons whom it may indemnify pursuant thereto and advance expenses of litigation to Directors and Officers when so requested. To the fullest extent permitted by the Oklahoma Business Corporation Act, as presently in effect or as it may hereafter be amended, a Director of this Corporation shall not be liable to the Corporation or its Stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a Director. ARTICLE EIGHTH: AMENDMENT. The Corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, change or repeal any provision contained in this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, in the manner now or hereinafter provided by statute, and all rights conferred upon Stockholders herein are granted subject to this reservation. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation, has caused this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be executed by Mark E. Vaughan, its President, and attested by its Secretary this 15th day of June, 2006. VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. By: /s/ Mark E. Vaughan ------------------------ Mark E. Vaughan President ATTEST: /s/ Darian B. Andersen -------------------------- Darian B. Andersen Secretary 2 EX-3.2 6 c44364_ex3-2.txt BYLAWS OF VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. ARTICLE I --------- OFFICERS Section 1. The registered office shall be in the City of Oklahoma City, County of Oklahoma, State of Oklahoma. Section 2. The corporation may also have offices at such other places both within and without the State of Oklahoma as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine or the business of the corporation may require. ARTICLE II ---------- MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS Section 1. Meetings of shareholders for any purpose may be held at such time and place, within or without the State of Oklahoma, as shall be stated in the notice of the meeting or in a duly executed waiver of notice thereof. Section 2. Annual meetings of shareholders commencing with the year 1989, shall be held on the 10 day of July, 1989 if not a legal holiday, and if a legal holiday, then on the next secular day following, at 10 AM at which they shall elect by a plurality vote by written ballot a board of directors, and transact such other business as may be properly be brought before the meeting. Section 3. Written notice of the annual meeting, stating the place, date and hour of such meeting, shall be given to each shareholder entitled to vote thereat not less than ten (10) days nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting unless otherwise required by law. Section 4. The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten (10) days before every meeting of shareholders, a complete list of the shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, showing the address of and the number of shares registered in the name of each shareholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any shareholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the election, either at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held and which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or, if not specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held, and the list shall be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and subject to the inspection of any shareholder who may be present. Section 5. Special meetings of the shareholders, for any purpose or purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation, may be called by the President and shall be called by the President or Secretary at the request in writing of a majority of the Board of Directors, or at the request in writing of shareholders owning a majority in amount of the entire capital stock of the corporation issued and outstanding and entitled to vote. Such request shall state the purpose or purposes of the proposed meeting. Section 6. Written notice of a special meeting of shareholders, stating the place, date, hour and the purpose or purposes thereof, shall be given to each shareholder entitled to vote thereat, not less than ten (10) days before the date fixed for the meeting unless required by law. Section 7. Business transacted at any special meeting of the shareholders shall be limited to the purposes stated in the notice. Section 8. The holders of a majority of the shares of stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote there at, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the shareholders for the transaction of business except as otherwise provided by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation. If, however, such quorum shall not be present or represented at any meeting of the shareholders, the shareholders entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present or represented; provided, however, that if the date of any adjourned meeting is more than thirty (30) days after the date for which the meeting was originally noticed, or if a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, written notice of the place, date and hour of the adjourned meeting shall be given in conformity herewith. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented, any business may be transacted at the meeting as originally notified. Section 9. When a quorum is present at any meeting, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of stock having voting power present in person or represented by proxy shall decide any question brought before such meeting, unless the question is one upon which, by express provision of law or of the Certificate of Incorporation, a different vote is required, in which case such express provision shall govern and control the decision of such question. Section 10. Each shareholder shall at every meeting of the shareholders be entitled to one vote in person or by proxy for each share of the capital stock having voting power held by such shareholders, but no proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three (3) years from its date unless the proxy provides for a longer period, and, except where the transfer books of the corporation have been closed or a date has been fixed as a record date for the determination of its shareholders entitled to vote, no share of stock shall be voted on at any election for directors which has been transferred on the books of the corporation within twenty (20) days preceding such election of directors. Section 11. Any action required to or which may be taken at any annual or special meeting of the shareholders, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted. Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate action by the shareholders without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those shareholders who have not consented in writing. ARTICLE III ----------- DIRECTORS Section 1. The number of directors which shall constitute the whole Board shall be not less than one (1) nor more than seven (7). As of July 10, 1989, the Board shall consist of three (3) directors. Thereafter, within the limits above specified, the number of directors shall be determined by resolution of the Board of Directors or by the shareholders at the annual or a special meeting of the shareholders. Except for the election held by the incorporator(s) and except as provided in Section 2 and in Section 14 of this Article II, the directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of shareholders. Each director elected shall hold office until such director's successor is elected and qualified, or until such director's earlier resignation or removal. Directors need not be shareholders. Section 2. Except as provided in Section 14 of this Article II, vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized numbers of directors by the directors may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, though less than a quorum, and any director so chosen shall hold office until the next annual election and until such director's successor is duly elected and shall qualify, unless such director resigns or is removed. Section 3. The business of the corporation shall be managed by its Board of Directors which may exercise all such powers of the corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws directed or required to be exercised or done by the shareholders. Section 4. The Board of Directors of the corporation may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or without the State of Oklahoma. Section 5. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at such time and at such place as shall from time to time be determined by the Board. Five (5) days' notice of all regular meetings shall be given, and such notice shall state the place, date, hour and the business to be transacted at and purpose of such meeting. Section 6. Special meetings of the Board may be called by the President on three (3) days' notice to each director either personally by mail or by telegram. Special meetings shall be called by the President or Secretary in like manner and on like notice on the written request of two (2) directors unless the corporation has at that time less than three (3) directors, in which latter event the request of only one (1) director shall be required. Notice of any special meeting shall state the place, date, hour and the business to be transacted at and the purpose of such meeting. Section 7. At all meetings of the Board, a majority of the directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the act of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board of Directors, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the Board of Directors, the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present. Section 8. The Board of Directors may , by resolution, passed by a majority of the whole Board, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one (1) or more of the directors of the corporation, which, to the extent provided in the resolution, shall have and may exercise the powers of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the corporation and affairs of the corporation and may authorize the seal of the corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it. Such committee or committees shall have such name or names as may be determined from time to time by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors. Section 9. Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its minutes of its meetings and report the same to the Board of Directors when required. Section 10. Members of the Board of Directors, or of any committee thereof, may participate in a meeting of such Board or committee by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment that enables all persons participating in the meeting to hear each other. Such participation shall constitute presence in person at such meeting. Section 11. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting, if a written consent to such action is signed by all members of the Board or of such committee as the case may be, and such written consent is filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee. Section 12. The directors may be paid their expenses, if any, of attendance at such meeting of the Board of Directors and may be paid a fixed sum for attendance at such meeting of the Board of Directors or a stated salary as director. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor. Members of special or standing committees may be allowed like compensation for attending committee meetings. Section 13. The Board of Directors at any time may, by affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the Board then in office, remove any officer elected or appointed by the Board of Directors for cause or without cause. Section 14. Any director may be removed, for cause or without cause, by a majority vote of the shareholders entitled to vote for the election of such director at any annual or special meeting of the shareholder. Upon such removal of a director, the shareholders (and not the remaining directors) shall elect a director to replace such a removed director at the same shareholders' meeting at which such removal took place or at a subsequent shareholders' meeting. ARTICLE IV ---------- NOTICES Section 1. Notices to directors and shareholders shall be in writing and delivered personally or mailed to the directors or shareholders at their addresses appearing on the books of the corporation. Notice by mail shall be deemed to be given at the time when the same shall be deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid. Notice to directors may also be given by telegram. Notice by telegram shall be deemed to be given when delivered to the sending telegraph office. Section 2. Whenever any notice is required to be given under the provisions of law or the Certificate of Incorporation or of these Bylaws, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. ARTICLE V --------- OFFICERS Section 1. The officers of the corporation shall be chosen by the Board of Directors and shall, at a minimum, consist of a President and a Secretary. The Board of Directors may also choose additional officers, including a Chairman or Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors, one or more Vice-Presidents who may be classified by their specific function, a Secretary, a Treasurer and one or more Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers. Two or more offices may be held by the same person, except the offices of President and Secretary. Section 2. The Board of Directors at its first meeting and after each annual meeting of shareholders shall choose a President and a Secretary, and may choose such other officers and agents as it shall deem necessary. Section 3. The salaries of all officers and agents of the corporation shall be fixed by the Board of Directors. Section 4. The officers of the corporation shall hold office until their successors are chosen and qualify, until their earlier resignation or removal. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the corporation shall be filled by the Board of Directors. Section 5. The Chairman, or, in the absence of the Chairman, a Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors, if chosen, shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors, and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe. Section 6. The President shall be the chief executive officer of the corporation, shall preside at all meetings of the shareholders and, unless a chairman or Vice-Chairman of the Board has been chosen, at all meetings of the Board of Directors, and shall have general and active management of the business of the corporation and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors, are carried into effect. Section 7. The President shall execute bonds, mortgages and other contracts requiring a seal, under the seal of the corporation, except where required or permitted by law to be otherwise signed and executed and except where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors to some other officer or agent of the corporation. Section 8. The Vice-President, or if there shall be more than one, the Vice-Presidents in the order determined by the Board of Directors, shall, in the absence or disability of the President, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the President and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe. Section 9. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Board of Directors and all meeting of the shareholders and record all the proceedings of the meetings of the corporation and the Board of Directors in a book to be kept for that purpose and shall perform like duties for the standing committees when required. The Secretary shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the shareholders and regular and special meetings of the Board of Directors, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or President, under whose supervision the Secretary shall be. Additionally, the Secretary shall have custody of the corporate seal of the corporation, and the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, shall have authority to affix the same to any instrument requiring it, and when so affixed, it may be attested by the Secretary's signature or by the signature of such Assistant Secretary. The Board of Directors may give general authority to any other officer to affix the seal of the corporation and to attest the affixing by the Secretary's signature. Section 10. The Assistant Secretary, or if there be more than one, the Assistant Secretaries in the order determined by the Board of Directors, shall, in the absence or disability of the Secretary, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors from time to time prescribe. Section 11. The Treasurer, if one is chosen or, if not, the Secretary, shall have the custody of the corporate funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the corporation and shall deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors. Section 12. The Treasurer, if one is chosen or, if not, the Secretary, shall disburse the funds of the corporation as may be ordered by the Board of Directors' taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the President and the Board of Directors, at its regular meetings, or when the Board of Directors so requires, an account of all transactions performed by the Treasurer (or Secretary, as the case may be) and of the financial condition of the corporation. Section 13. If required by the Board of Directors, the Treasurer, if one is chosen or, if not, the Secretary, shall give the corporation a bond (which shall be renewed every six (6) years) in such sum and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board of Directors for the faithful performance of the duties of the office of a treasurer and for the restoration to the corporation, in case of the Treasurer's (or Secretary's, as the case may be) death, resignation, retirement or removal from office, of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever kind in the possession or under the control of the Treasurer (or Secretary, as the case may be) belonging to the corporation. Section 14. The Assistant Treasurer, of if there shall be more than one, the Assistant Treasurers in the order determined by the Board of Directors, shall, in the absence or disability of the Treasurer, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Treasurer and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers at the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe. ARTICLE VI ---------- CERTIFICATES OF STOCK, TRANSFERS OF STOCK CLOSING OF TRANSFER BOOKS AND REGISTERED SHAREHOLDERS Section 1. Every holder of stock in the corporation shall be entitled to have a certificate, signed by, or in the name of, the corporation by the chairman of Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors, or the President or a Vice-President, and by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the corporation, certifying the number of shares owned by the shareholder in the corporation. Section 2. Any or all the signatures on the certificate may be facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the corporation with the same effect as if the person who signed the certificate was such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue. Section 3. The Board of Directors may direct a new certificate or certificates to be issued in place of any certificate or certificates theretofore issued by the corporation alleged to have been lost or stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen or destroyed. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate or certificates, the Board of Directors may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed certificate or certificates, or such owner's legal representative, advertise the same in such manner as the corporation shall require and/or to give the corporation a bond in such sum as the corporation may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed. Section 4. Subject to transfer restrictions permitted by Section 1055 of Title 18 of the Oklahoma Statutes and to stop transfer orders directed in good faith by the corporation to any transfer agent to prevent possible violations of federal or state securities laws, rules or regulations, upon surrender to the corporation or the transfer agent of the corporation of a certificate for shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, it shall be the duty of the corporation to issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the transaction upon its books. Section 5. The Board of Directors may fix a record date, which shall not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of any meeting of shareholders, nor more than sixty (60) days prior to the time for the other action hereinafter described, as of which there shall be determined the shareholders who are entitled: to notice of or to vote at any meeting of shareholders or any adjournment thereof; to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting; to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights; or to exercise any rights with respect to any change, conversion or exchange of stock or with respect to any other lawful action. Section 6. The corporation shall be entitled to treat the person in whose name any share of stock is registered on the books of the corporation as the owner thereof for all purposes and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim or other interest in such shares in the part of any other person, whether or not the corporation shall have express or other notice thereof. ARTICLE VII ----------- GENERAL PROVISIONS Section 1. Dividends upon the capital stock of the corporation, subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, if any, may be declared by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting, pursuant to law. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property or in shares of the corporation's capital stock. Section 2. There may be set apart out of any of the funds of the corporation available for dividends such amounts as the Board of Directors deems proper as a reserve or reserves for working capital, depreciation, losses in value, or for any other proper corporate purpose, and the Board of Directors may increase, decrease or abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was created. Section 3. The Board of Directors shall present at each annual meeting and at any special meeting of the shareholders when called for by vote of the shareholders, a full and clear statement of the business and condition of the corporation. Section 4. All checks or demands for money and notes of the corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers or such other person or persons as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate. Section 5. The fiscal year of the corporation shall be as fixed by the Board of Directors. Section 6. The Board of Directors may provide a suitable seal, containing the name of the corporation, which seal shall be in charge of the Secretary. If and when co directed by Board of Directors or a committee thereof, duplicates of the seal may be kept and used by the Treasurer or by the Assistant Secretary or Assistant Treasurer. The seal may be used by causing it, or a facsimile thereof, to be impressed or affixed or in any other manner reproduced. Section 7. The books of account and other records of the corporation may be kept (subject to any provisions of Oklahoma law) at the principal place of business and chief executive office of the corporation. ARTICLE VIII ------------ INDEMNIFICATION OF OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS To the extent and in the manner permitted by the laws of the State of Oklahoma and specifically as is permitted under Section 1031 of Title 18 of the Oklahoma Statues, the corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, other than an action by or in the right of the corporation, by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against expenses, including attorneys' fees, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement. ARTICLE IX ---------- AMENDMENTS The Bylaws may be amended or repealed, or new bylaws may be adopted, by the shareholders or by the Board of Directors at any regular meeting of the shareholders or of the Board of Directors, or at any special meeting of the shareholders or of the Board of Directors if notice of such amendment, repeal, or adoption of new bylaws be contained in the notice of such special meeting. APPROVED AND RATIFIED as of this 10 day of July, 1989, by the undersigned, constituting all of the directors (whether one or more) of the corporation. /s/ Eugene Vaughan ------------------ EUGENE VAUGHAN, DIRECTOR /s/ Sheila Vaughan ------------------ SHEILA VAUGHAN, DIRECTOR /s/ Mark Vaughan ---------------- MARK VAUGHAN, DIRECTOR EX-4.1 7 c44364_ex4-1.txt VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. CUSIP ------------ SEE REVERSE FOR CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS INCORPORATED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF OKLAHOMA THIS CERTIFIES THAT IS THE OWNER OF FULLY PAID AND NONASSESSABLE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK, $.001 PAR VALUE OF ======================== VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. ======================= transferable only on the books of the Corporation by the holder hereof in person or by duly authorized Attorney upon surrender of this certificate properly endorsed. This certificate is not valid until Countersigned by the Transfer Agent and Registrar. WITNESS the facsimile seal of the Corporation and the facsimile signatures of its duly authorized officers. Dated: FACSIMILE SEAL TO APPEAR HERE FACSIMILE SIGNATURE FACSIMILE SIGNATURE SECRETARY CHAIRMAN COUNTERSIGNED AND REGISTERED: CONTINENTAL STOCK TRANSFER & TRUST CORPORATION TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR BY: AUTHORIZED SIGNATURE VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. The following abbreviations, when used in the inscription on the face of this certificate, shall be construed as though they were written out in full according to applicable laws or regulations:
TEN COM - as tenants in common UNIF GIFT MIN ACT- ____________________ Custodian_________________ TEN ENT - as tenants by the entireties (Cust) (Minor) JT TEN - as joint tenants with right under Uniform Gifts to Minors of survivorship and not as Act tenants in common ____________________________________________ (State) UNIF TRF MIN ACT- _______________________ Custodian (until age __________) (Cust) ________________________________ under Uniform Transfers (Minor) to Minors Act __________________________________________ (State)
Additional abbreviations may also be used though not in the above list. For Value received, _______________________________________________ hereby sell, assign and transfer unto PLEASE INSERT SOCIAL SECURITY OR OTHER IDENTIFYING NUMBER OF ASSIGNEE (PLEASE PRINT OR TYPEWRITE NAME AND ADDRESS, INCLUDING ZIP CODE, OF ASSIGNEE) SHARES of the Common Stock represented by the within Certificate, and do(es) hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint ATTORNEY to transfer the said stock on the books of the within named Corporation with full power of substitution in the premises. Dated X ------------------------------------ -------------------------------- X -------------------------------- NOTICE: THE SIGNATURE(S) TO THIS ASSIGNMENT MUST CORRESPOND WITH THE NAME(S) AS WRITTEN UPON THE FACE OF THE CERTIFICATE IN EVERY PARTICULAR WITHOUT ALTERATION OR ENLARGEMENT OR ANY CHANGE WHATEVER. SIGNATURES GUARANTEED: By - -- THE SIGNATURE(S) MUST BE GUARANTEED BY AN ELIGIBLE GUARANTOR INSTITUTION (BANKS, STOCKBROKERS, SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS AND CREDIT UNIONS WITH MEMBERSHIP IN AN APPROVED SIGNATURE GUARANTEE MEDALLION PROGRAM), PURSUANT TO S.E.C. RULE 17Ad-15.
EX-4.2 8 c44364_ex4-2.txt WARRANT AGREEMENT BETWEEN VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. AND ------------------------ DATED AS OF _________, 2006 WARRANT AGREEMENT This Agreement, dated as of ________, 2006, is between Vaughan Foods, Inc., an Oklahoma corporation (the "COMPANY") and ______________________, a ____________ corporation (the "WARRANT AGENT"). The Company, at or about the time that it is entering into this Agreement, proposes to issue and sell to public investors up to 5,750,000 Units (together with the additional units issuable as provided herein, the "UNITS"). Each Unit consists of one share of common stock, $0.001 par value, of the Company, one redeemable Class A Warrant and one redeemable Class B Warrants. The Class A Warrants and the Class B Warrants are herein collectively referred to as the "WARRANTS." Each Warrant is exercisable to purchase one share of Common Stock upon the terms and conditions and subject to adjustment in certain circumstances, all as set forth in this Agreement. The Company proposes to issue to the Representative of the Underwriters in the public offering of Units referred to above warrants to purchase up to 500,000 additional Units. The Company wishes to retain the Warrant Agent to act on behalf of the Company, and the Warrant Agent is willing so to act, in connection with the issuance, transfer, exchange and replacement of the certificates evidencing the Warrants to be issued under this Agreement (the "WARRANT CERTIFICATES") and the exercise of the Warrants; The Company and the Warrant Agent wish to enter into this Agreement to set forth the terms and conditions of the Warrants and the rights of the holders thereof ("WARRANTHOLDERS") and to set forth the respective rights and obligations of the Company and the Warrant Agent. Each Warrantholder is an intended beneficiary of this Agreement with respect to the rights of Warrantholders herein. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual agreements herein set forth, the parties hereto agree as follows: 1. APPOINTMENT OF WARRANT AGENT. The Company appoints the Warrant Agent to act as agent for the Company in accordance with the instructions in this Agreement and the Warrant Agent accepts such appointment. 2. DATE, DENOMINATION AND EXECUTION OF WARRANT CERTIFICATES. (a) The Warrant Certificates (and the Form of Election to Purchase and the Form of Assignment to be printed on the reverse thereof) shall be in registered form only and shall be substantially of the tenor and purport recited in EXHIBIT A hereto with respect to the Class A Warrants and EXHIBIT B hereto with respect to the Class B Warrants, and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification or designation and such legends, summaries or endorsements printed, lithographed or engraved thereon as the Company may deem appropriate and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement, or as may be required to comply with any law, or with any rule or regulation made pursuant thereto, or with any rule or regulation of any stock exchange on which the Common Stock or the Warrants may be listed or any automated quotation system, or to conform to usage. Each Class A Warrant Certificate shall entitle the registered holder thereof, subject to the provisions of this Agreement and of the Warrant Certificate, to purchase, on or after _________, 2006 and on or before the close of business on _________, 2011 (the "EXPIRATION DATE"), one fully paid and non-assessable share of Common Stock for each Warrant evidenced by such Warrant Certificate for $_____. Each Class B Warrant Certificate shall entitle the registered holder thereof, subject to the provisions of this Agreement and of the Warrant Certificate, to purchase, on or after _________, 2006 and on or before the close of business on the Expiration Date, one fully paid and non-assessable share of Common Stock for each Warrant evidenced by such Warrant Certificate for $______. The exercise price of the Warrants (the "EXERCISE PRICE") is subject to adjustments as provided in Section 6 hereof. Each Warrant Certificate issued as a part of a Unit offered to the public as described in the recitals, above, shall be dated _______, 2006; each other Warrant Certificate shall be dated the date on which the Warrant Agent receives valid issuance instructions from the Company or a transferring holder of a Warrant Certificate or, if such instructions specify another date, such other date. (b) For purposes of this Agreement, the term "CLOSE OF BUSINESS" on any given date shall mean 5:00 p.m., Pacific time, on such date; provided, however, that if such date is not a business day, it shall mean 5:00 p.m., Pacific time, on the next succeeding business day. For purposes of this Agreement, the term "BUSINESS DAY" shall mean any day other than a Saturday, Sunday, or a day on which banking institutions in New York, New York or in the State in which the Warrant Agent maintains the principal office in which it conducts business related to the Warrants are authorized or obligated by law to be closed. (c) Each Warrant Certificate shall be executed on behalf of the Company by the Chairman of the Board, its Chief Executive Officer, its President or a Vice President, either manually or by facsimile signature printed thereon, and have affixed thereto the Company's seal or a facsimile thereof which shall be attested by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company, either manually or by facsimile signature. Each Warrant Certificate shall be manually countersigned by the Warrant Agent and shall not be valid for any purpose unless so countersigned. In case any officer of the Company who shall have signed any Warrant Certificate shall cease to be such officer of the Company before countersignature by the Warrant Agent and issue and delivery thereof by the Company, such Warrant Certificate, nevertheless, may be countersigned by the Warrant Agent, issued and delivered with the same force and effect as though the person who signed such Warrant Certificate had not ceased to be such officer of the Company. 3. SUBSEQUENT ISSUE OF WARRANT CERTIFICATES. Subsequent to their original issuance, no Warrant Certificates shall be reissued except (i) Warrant Certificates issued upon transfer thereof in accordance with Section 4 hereof, (ii) Warrant Certificates issued upon any combination, split-up or exchange of Warrant Certificates pursuant to Section 4 hereof, (iii) Warrant Certificates issued in replacement of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Warrant Certificates pursuant to Section 5 hereof, (iv) Warrant Certificates issued upon the partial exercise of Warrant Certificates pursuant to Section 7 hereof, and (v) Warrant Certificates issued to reflect any adjustment or change in the Exercise Price or the number or kind of shares purchasable thereunder pursuant to Section 22 hereof. The Warrant Agent is hereby irrevocably authorized to countersign and deliver, in accordance with the provisions of said Sections 4, 5, 7 and 22, the new Warrant Certificates required for purposes thereof, and the Company, whenever 2 required by the Warrant Agent, will supply the Warrant Agent with Warrant Certificates duly executed on behalf of the Company for such purposes. 4. TRANSFERS AND EXCHANGES OF WARRANT CERTIFICATES. (a) The Warrant Agent will keep or cause to be kept books for registration of ownership and transfer of the Warrant Certificates issued hereunder. Such registers shall show the names and addresses of the respective holders of the Warrant Certificates and the class and number of Warrants evidenced by each such Warrant Certificate. (b) The Warrant Agent shall, from time to time, register the transfer of any outstanding Warrants upon the books to be maintained by the Warrant Agent for that purpose, upon surrender of the Warrant Certificate evidencing such Warrants, with the Form of Assignment duly filled in and executed with such signature guaranteed by a banking institution or NASD member and such supporting documentation as the Warrant Agent or the Company may reasonably require, to the Warrant Agent at its stock transfer office in _______, ________ at any time on or before the Expiration Date of such Warrant, and upon payment to the Warrant Agent for the account of the Company of an amount equal to any applicable transfer tax. Payment of the amount of such tax may be made in cash, or by certified or official bank check, payable in lawful money of the United States of America to the order of the Company. (c) Upon receipt of a Warrant Certificate, with the Form of Assignment duly filled in and executed, accompanied by payment of an amount equal to any applicable transfer tax, the Warrant Agent shall promptly cancel the surrendered Warrant Certificate and countersign and deliver to the transferee a new Warrant Certificate for the number of full Warrants of the same class transferred to such transferee; provided, however, that in case the registered holder of any Warrant Certificate shall elect to transfer fewer than all of the Warrants evidenced by such Warrant Certificate, the Warrant Agent in addition shall promptly countersign and deliver to such registered holder a new Warrant Certificate or Certificates for the number of full Warrants not so transferred. (d) Any Warrant Certificate or Certificates may be exchanged at the option of the holder thereof for another Warrant Certificate or Certificates of different denominations, of like tenor and representing in the aggregate the same class and number of Warrants, upon surrender of such Warrant Certificate or Certificates, with the Form of Assignment duly filled in and executed, to the Warrant Agent, at any time or from time to time after the close of business on the date hereof and prior to the close of business on the Expiration Date relating to such Warrant. The Warrant Agent shall promptly cancel the surrendered Warrant Certificate and deliver the new Warrant Certificate pursuant to the provisions of this Section. 5. MUTILATED, DESTROYED, LOST OR STOLEN WARRANT CERTIFICATES. Upon receipt by the Company and the Warrant Agent of evidence reasonably satisfactory to them of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of any Warrant Certificate, and in the case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to them, and reimbursement to them of all reasonable expenses incidental thereto, and, in the case of mutilation, upon surrender and cancellation of the Warrant Certificate, the Warrant Agent shall countersign and deliver a new Warrant Certificate of like tenor for the same class and number of Warrants. 3 6. ADJUSTMENTS OF NUMBER AND KIND OF SHARES PURCHASABLE AND EXERCISE PRICE. The number and kind of securities or other property purchasable upon exercise of a Warrant shall be subject to adjustment from time to time upon the occurrence, after the date hereof, of any of the following events: (a) In case the Company shall (1) pay a dividend in, or make a distribution of, shares of capital stock on its outstanding Common Stock, (2) subdivide its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a greater number of such shares or (3) combine its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of such shares, the total number of shares of Common Stock purchasable upon the exercise of each Warrant outstanding immediately prior thereto shall be adjusted so that the holder of any Warrant Certificate thereafter surrendered for exercise shall be entitled to receive at the same aggregate Exercise Price the number of shares of capital stock (of one or more classes) which such holder would have owned or have been entitled to receive immediately following the happening of any of the events described above had such Warrant been exercised in full immediately prior to the record date with respect to such event. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Subsection shall, in the case of a stock dividend or distribution, become effective as of the record date therefor and, in the case of a subdivision or combination, be made as of the effective date thereof. If, as a result of an adjustment made pursuant to this Subsection, the holder of any Warrant Certificate thereafter surrendered for exercise shall become entitled to receive shares of two or more classes of capital stock of the Company, the Board of Directors of the Company (whose determination shall be conclusive and shall be evidenced by a Board resolution filed with the Warrant Agent) shall determine the allocation of the adjusted Exercise Price between or among shares of such classes of capital stock. (b) In the event of a capital reorganization or a reclassification of the Common Stock (except as provided in Subsection (a) above or Subsection (d) below), any Warrantholder, upon exercise of Warrants, shall be entitled to receive, in substitution for the Common Stock to which he would have become entitled upon exercise immediately prior to such reorganization or reclassification, the shares (of any class or classes) or other securities or property of the Company (or cash) that he would have been entitled to receive at the same aggregate Exercise Price upon such reorganization or reclassification if such Warrants had been exercised immediately prior to the record date with respect to such event; and in any such case, appropriate provision (as determined by the Board of Directors of the Company, whose determination shall be conclusive and shall be evidenced by a certified Board resolution filed with the Warrant Agent) shall be made for the application of this Section 6 with respect to the rights and interests thereafter of the Warrantholders (including but not limited to the allocation of the Exercise Price between or among shares of classes of capital stock), to the end that this Section 6 (including the adjustments of the number of shares of Common Stock or other securities purchasable and the Exercise Price thereof) shall thereafter be reflected, as nearly as reasonably practicable, in all subsequent exercises of the Warrants for any shares or securities or other property (or cash) thereafter deliverable upon the exercise of the Warrants. (c) Whenever the number of shares of Common Stock or other securities purchasable upon exercise of a Warrant is adjusted as provided in this Section 6, the Company will promptly file with the Warrant Agent a certificate signed by a Chairman or co-Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive, the President or a Vice President of the Company and by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company 4 setting forth the number and kind of securities or other property purchasable upon exercise of a Warrant, as so adjusted, stating that such adjustments in the number or kind of shares or other securities or property conform to the requirements of this Section 6, and setting forth a brief statement of the facts accounting for such adjustments. Promptly after receipt of such certificate, the Company, or the Warrant Agent at the Company's request, will deliver, by first-class, postage prepaid mail, a brief summary thereof (to be supplied by the Company) to the registered holders of the outstanding Warrant Certificates; provided, however, that failure to file or to give any notice required under this Subsection, or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of any such adjustments under this Section 6; and provided, further, that, where appropriate, such notice may be given in advance and included as part of the notice required to be given pursuant to Section 12 hereof. (d) In case of any consolidation of the Company with, or merger of the Company into, another corporation (other than a consolidation or merger which does not result in any reclassification or change of the outstanding Common Stock), or in case of any sale or conveyance to another corporation of the property of the Company as an entirety or substantially as an entirety, the corporation formed by such consolidation or merger or the corporation which shall have acquired such assets, as the case may be, shall execute and deliver to the Warrant Agent a supplemental warrant agreement providing that the holder of each Warrant then outstanding shall have the right thereafter (until the expiration of such Warrant) to receive, upon exercise of such Warrant, solely the kind and amount of shares of stock and other securities and property (or cash) receivable upon such consolidation, merger, sale or transfer by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock of the Company for which such Warrant might have been exercised immediately prior to such consolidation, merger, sale or transfer. Such supplemental warrant agreement shall provide for adjustments which shall be as nearly equivalent as may be practicable to the adjustments provided in this Section. The above provision of this Subsection shall similarly apply to successive consolidations, mergers, sales or transfers. The Warrant Agent shall not be under any responsibility to determine the correctness of any provision contained in any such supplemental warrant agreement relating to either the kind or amount of shares of stock or securities or property (or cash) purchasable by holders of Warrant Certificates upon the exercise of their Warrants after any such consolidation, merger, sale or transfer or of any adjustment to be made with respect thereto, but subject to the provisions of Section 20 hereof, may accept as conclusive evidence of the correctness of any such provisions, and shall be protected in relying upon, a certificate of a firm of independent certified public accountants (who may be the accountants regularly employed by the Company) with respect thereto. (e) Irrespective of any adjustments in the number or kind of shares issuable upon exercise of Warrants, Warrant Certificates theretofore or thereafter issued may continue to express the same price and number and kind of shares as are stated in the similar Warrant Certificates initially issuable pursuant to this Warrant Agreement. (f) The Company may retain a firm of independent public accountants of recognized standing, which may be the firm regularly retained by the Company, selected by the Board of Directors of the Company or the Executive Committee of said Board, and not disapproved by the Warrant Agent, to make any computation required under this Section, and a 5 certificate signed by such firm shall, in the absence of fraud or gross negligence, be conclusive evidence of the correctness of any computation made under this Section. (g) For the purpose of this Section, the term "COMMON STOCK" shall mean (i) the Common Stock or (ii) any other class of stock resulting from successive changes or reclassifications of such Common Stock consisting solely of changes in par value, or from par value to no par value, or from no par value to par value. In the event that at any time as a result of an adjustment made pursuant to this Section, the holder of any Warrant thereafter surrendered for exercise shall become entitled to receive any shares of capital stock of the Company other than shares of Common Stock, thereafter the number of such other shares so receivable upon exercise of any Warrant shall be subject to adjustment from time to time in a manner and on terms as nearly equivalent as practicable to the provisions with respect to the Common Stock contained in this Section, and all other provisions of this Agreement, with respect to the Common Stock, shall apply on like terms to any such other shares. (h) The Company may, from time to time and to the extent permitted by law, reduce the Exercise Price of the Warrants by any amount for a period of not less than 20 days. If the Company so reduces the Exercise Price of such Warrants, it will give not less than 15 days' notice of such decrease, which notice may be in the form of a press release, and shall take such other steps as may be required under applicable law in connection with any offers or sales of securities at the reduced price. 7. EXERCISE OF WARRANTS; REDEMPTION OF WARRANTS. Except with respect to Warrants that have been redeemed as provided in this Section 7, the registered holder of any Warrant Certificate may exercise the Warrants evidenced thereby, in whole at any time or in part from time to time at or prior to the close of business, on the Expiration Date, subject to the provisions of Section 9, at which time the Warrant Certificates shall be and become wholly void and of no value. Warrants may be exercised by their holders or redeemed by the Company as follows: (a) Exercise of Warrants shall be accomplished upon surrender of the Warrant Certificate evidencing such Warrants, with the Form of Election to Purchase on the reverse side thereof duly filled in and executed, to the Warrant Agent at its stock transfer office in _______, ________, together with payment to the Company of the Exercise Price (as of the date of such surrender) of the Warrants then being exercised and an amount equal to any applicable transfer tax and, if requested by the Company, any other taxes or governmental charges which the Company may be required by law to collect in respect of such exercise. Payment of the Exercise Price and other amounts may be made by wire transfer of good funds, or by certified or bank cashier's check, payable in lawful money of the United States of America to the order of the Company. No adjustment shall be made for any cash dividends, whether paid or declared, on any securities issuable upon exercise of a Warrant. (b) Upon receipt of a Warrant Certificate, with the Form of Election to Purchase duly filled in and executed, accompanied by payment of the Exercise Price of the Warrants being exercised (and of an amount equal to any applicable taxes or government charges as aforesaid), the Warrant Agent shall promptly request from the Transfer Agent with respect to the securities to be issued and deliver to or upon the order of the registered holder of such Warrant Certificate, in such name or names as such registered holder may designate, a certificate 6 or certificates for the number of full shares of the securities to be purchased, together with cash made available by the Company pursuant to Section 8 hereof in respect of any fraction of a share of such securities otherwise issuable upon such exercise. If the Warrant is then exercisable to purchase property other than securities, the Warrant Agent shall take appropriate steps to cause such property to be delivered to or upon the order of the registered holder of such Warrant Certificate. In addition, if it is required by law and upon instruction by the Company, the Warrant Agent will deliver to each Warrantholder a prospectus which complies with the provisions of Section 9 of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Company agrees to supply Warrant Agent with sufficient number of prospectuses to effectuate that purpose. (c) In case the registered holder of any Warrant Certificate shall exercise fewer than all of the Warrants evidenced by such Warrant Certificate, the Warrant Agent shall promptly countersign and deliver to the registered holder of such Warrant Certificate, or to his duly authorized assigns, a new Warrant Certificate or Certificates evidencing the number and class of Warrants that were not so exercised. (d) Each person in whose name any certificate for securities is issued upon the exercise of Warrants shall for all purposes be deemed to have become the holder of record of the securities represented thereby as of, and such certificate shall be dated, the date upon which the Warrant Certificate was duly surrendered in proper form and payment of the Exercise Price (and of any applicable taxes or other governmental charges) was made; provided, however, that if the date of such surrender and payment is a date on which the stock transfer books of the Company are closed, such person shall be deemed to have become the record holder of such shares as of, and the certificate for such shares shall be dated, the next succeeding business day on which the stock transfer books of the Company are open (whether before, on or after the Expiration Date relating to such Warrant) and the Warrant Agent shall be under no duty to deliver the certificate for such shares until such date. The Company covenants and agrees that it shall not cause its stock transfer books to be closed for a period of more than 20 consecutive business days except upon consolidation, merger, sale of all or substantially all of its assets, dissolution or liquidation or as otherwise provided by law. (e) The Class A Warrants outstanding at the time of a redemption may be redeemed at the option of the Company, in whole or in part on a pro-rata basis, by giving not less than 30 days prior notice as provided in Section 7(g) below, which notice may not be given before, but may be given at any time after, the later of _________, 2007 and the date on which closing price of the Common Stock on the principal exchange or trading facility on which it is then traded has equaled or exceeded $_____ per share on each of five consecutive trading days. The price at which Class A Warrants may be redeemed (the "REDEMPTION PRICE") is $0.25 per Class A Warrant. On and after the redemption date the holders of record of redeemed Class A Warrants shall be entitled to payment of the Redemption Price upon surrender of such redeemed Class A Warrants to the Company at the office of the Warrant Agent designated for that purpose. (f) The Class B Warrants outstanding at the time of a redemption may be redeemed at the option of the Company, beginning on ___________, 2006 [six months from the date of this Agreement], in whole or in part on a pro-rata basis, by giving not less than 30 days' prior notice as provided in Section 7(g) below, which notice may not be given before, but may be given at any time after, the Company's gross revenue for any 12-month period preceding the date 7 of the notice, as confirmed by an independent audit, equals or exceeds $100 million. The price at which Class B Warrants may be redeemed (the "REDEMPTION PRICE") is $0.25 per Class B Warrant. On and after the redemption date the holders of record of redeemed Class B Warrants shall be entitled to payment of the Redemption Price upon surrender of such redeemed Class B Warrants to the Company at the office of the Warrant Agent designated for that purpose. (g) Notice of redemption of Warrants shall be given at least 30 days prior to the redemption date by mailing, by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, a copy of such notice to the Warrant Agent and to all of the holders of record of Warrants at their respective addresses appearing on the books or transfer records of the Company or such other address designated in writing by the holder of record to the Warrant Agent not less than 40 days prior to the redemption date. (h) From and after the redemption date, all rights of the Warrantholders with respect to the redeemed Warrants (except the right to receive the Redemption Price) shall terminate, but only if (i) no later than one day prior to the redemption date the Company shall have irrevocably deposited with the Warrant Agent as paying agent a sufficient amount to pay on the redemption date the Redemption Price for all Warrants called for redemption and (ii) the notice of redemption shall have stated the name and address of the Warrant Agent and the intention of the Company to deposit such amount with the Warrant Agent no later than one day prior to the redemption date. (i) On the Redemption Date, the Warrant Agent shall pay to the holders of record of redeemed Warrants all monies received by the Warrant Agent for the redemption of Warrants to which the holders of record of such redeemed Warrants who shall have surrendered their Warrants are entitled. The Warrant Agent shall have no obligation to pay for the redemption of Warrants except to the extent that funds for such payment have been provided to it by the Company. (j) Any amounts deposited with the Warrant Agent that are not required for redemption of Warrants may be withdrawn by the Company. Any amounts deposited with the Warrant Agent that shall be unclaimed after six months after the redemption date shall be redelivered back to the Company, and thereafter the holders of the Warrants called for redemption for which such funds were deposited shall look solely to the Company for payment. The Company shall be entitled to the interest, if any, on funds deposited with the Warrant Agent and the holders of redeemed Warrants shall have no right to any such interest. At the instruction of the Company, the Warrant Agent shall deposit or invest any and all funds deposited with it by the Company in connection with any redemption in federally insured, interest bearing accounts with a financial institution or institutions designated by the Company but shall have no liability with respect to the performance of any such investments other than, in the case of funds deposited in accounts maintained by the Warrant Agent, the liability of the Warrant Agent to its depositors in such accounts, generally. (k) If the Company fails to make a sufficient deposit with the Warrant Agent as provided above, the holder of any Warrants called for redemption may at the option of the holder (i) by notice to the Company declare the notice of redemption a nullity as to such holder, or (ii) maintain an action against the Company for the Redemption Price. If the holder brings 8 such an action, the Company will pay reasonable attorneys' fees of the holder. If the holder fails to bring an action against the Company for the Redemption Price within 60 days after the redemption date, the holder shall be deemed to have elected to declare the notice of redemption to be a nullity as to such holder and such notice shall be without any force or effect as to such holder. Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Paragraph 7(k), a notice of redemption, once mailed by the Company as provided in Paragraph 7(g) shall be irrevocable. (l) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 7, the Company may not provide notice of any redemption pursuant to this Section 7 at any time at which the Warrants are not currently exercisable as a result of the application of Section 9. If, during the period between notice of redemption and the Redemption Date, the Warrants become not currently exercisable as a result of the application of Section 9, the Redemption Date shall be extended to be the tenth business day after such restriction on exercise lapses. 8. FRACTIONAL INTERESTS. The Company shall not be required to issue any Warrant Certificate evidencing a fraction of a Warrant or to issue fractions of shares of securities on the exercise of the Warrants. If any fraction (calculated to the nearest one-hundredth) of a Warrant or a share of securities would, except for the provisions of this Section, be issuable on the exercise of any Warrant, the Company shall, at its option, either purchase such fraction for an amount in cash equal to the current value of such fraction computed on the basis of the closing market price of a Warrant of the same class (as quoted on the principal exchange or trading facility on which such class of Warrants is traded) on the trading day immediately preceding the day upon which such Warrant Certificate was surrendered for exercise in accordance with Section 7 hereof or issue the required fractional Warrant or share. By accepting a Warrant Certificate, the holder thereof expressly waives any right to receive a Warrant Certificate evidencing any fraction of a Warrant or to receive any fractional share of securities upon exercise of a Warrant, except as expressly provided in this Section 8. 9. RESERVATION OF EQUITY SECURITIES. The Company covenants that it will at all times reserve and keep available, free from any pre-emptive rights, out of its authorized and unissued equity securities, solely for the purpose of issue upon exercise of the Warrants, such number of shares of equity securities of the Company as shall then be issuable upon the exercise of all outstanding Warrants ("EQUITY SECURITIES"). The Company covenants that all Equity Securities which shall be so issuable shall, upon such issue, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable. The Company covenants that if any equity securities, required to be reserved for the purpose of issue upon exercise of the Warrants hereunder, require registration with or approval of any governmental authority under any federal or state law before such shares may be issued upon exercise of Warrants, the Company will use all commercially reasonable efforts to cause such securities to be duly registered, or approved, as the case may be, and, to the extent practicable, take all such action in anticipation of and prior to the exercise of the Warrants, including, without limitation, filing any and all post-effective amendments to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-______) necessary to permit a public offering of the securities underlying the Warrants at any and all times during the term of this Agreement, provided, however, that in no event shall such securities be issued, and the Company is authorized to refuse to honor the exercise of any Warrant, if such exercise would result in the 9 opinion of the Company's Board of Directors, upon advice of counsel, in the violation of any law; and provided further that, in the case of a Warrant exercisable solely for securities listed on a securities exchange or for which there are at least three independent market makers, in lieu of obtaining such registration or approval, the Company may elect to redeem Warrants submitted to the Warrant Agent for exercise for a price equal to the difference between the aggregate low asked price, or closing price, as the case may be, of the securities for which such Warrant is exercisable on the date of such submission and the Exercise Price of such Warrants; in the event of such redemption, the Company will pay to the holder of such Warrants the above-described redemption price in cash within 10 business days after receipt of notice from the Warrant Agent that such Warrants have been submitted for exercise. If, at the Expiration Date, the Warrants are not currently exercisable as a result of the provisions of this paragraph, the Expiration Date shall be extended to a date that is 30 calendar days following notice to the holders of Warrants that the Warrants are again exercisable and references to the Expiration Date herein shall thereafter refer to such extended Expiration Date. 10. REDUCTION OF CONVERSION PRICE BELOW PAR VALUE. Before taking any action that would cause an adjustment pursuant to Section 6 hereof reducing the portion of the Exercise Price required to purchase one share of capital stock below the then par value (if any) of a share of such capital stock, the Company will use its best efforts to take any corporate action which, in the opinion of its counsel, may be necessary in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and non-assessable shares of such capital stock. 11. PAYMENT OF TAXES. The Company covenants and agrees that it will pay when due and payable any and all federal and state documentary stamp and other original issue taxes which may be payable in respect of the original issuance of the Warrant Certificates, or any shares of Common Stock or other securities upon the exercise of Warrants. The Company shall not, however, be required (a) to pay any tax which may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the transfer and delivery of Warrant Certificates or the issuance or delivery of certificates for Common Stock or other securities in a name other than that of the registered holder of the Warrant Certificate surrendered for purchase or (b) to issue or deliver any certificate for shares of Common Stock or other securities upon the exercise of any Warrant Certificate until any such tax shall have been paid, all such tax being payable by the holder of such Warrant Certificate at the time of surrender. 12. NOTICE OF CERTAIN CORPORATE ACTION. In case the Company after the date hereof shall propose (a) to offer to the holders of Common Stock, generally, rights to subscribe to or purchase any additional shares of any class of its capital stock, any evidences of its indebtedness or assets, or any other rights or options or (b) to effect any reclassification of Common Stock (other than a reclassification involving merely the subdivision or combination of outstanding shares of Common Stock) or any capital reorganization, or any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party and for which approval of any shareholders of the Company is required, or any sale, transfer or other disposition of its property and assets substantially as an entirety, or the liquidation, voluntary or involuntary dissolution or winding-up of the Company, then, in each such case, the Company shall file with the Warrant Agent and the Company, or the Warrant Agent on its behalf, shall mail (by first-class, postage prepaid mail) to all registered holders of the Warrant Certificates notice of such proposed action, which notice shall specify the date on which the books of the Company shall close or a record be taken for such offer of rights or 10 options, or the date on which such reclassification, reorganization, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, other disposition, liquidation, voluntary or involuntary dissolution or winding-up shall take place or commence, as the case may be, and which shall also specify any record date for determination of holders of Common Stock entitled to vote thereon or participate therein and shall set forth such facts with respect thereto as shall be reasonably necessary to indicate any adjustments in the Exercise Price and the number or kind of shares or other securities purchasable upon exercise of Warrants which will be required as a result of such action. Such notice shall be filed and mailed in the case of any action covered by clause (a) above, at least ten days prior to the record date for determining holders of the Common Stock for purposes of such action or, if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of shares of Common Stock of record are to be entitled to such offering; and, in the case of any action covered by clause (b) above, at least 20 days prior to the earlier of the date on which such reclassification, reorganization, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, other disposition, liquidation, voluntary or involuntary dissolution or winding-up is expected to become effective and the date on which it is expected that holders of shares of Common Stock of record on such date shall be entitled to exchange their shares for securities or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, reorganization, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, other disposition, liquidation, voluntary or involuntary dissolution or winding-up. Failure to give any such notice or any defect therein shall not affect the legality or validity of any transaction listed in this Section 12. 13. DISPOSITION OF PROCEEDS ON EXERCISE OF WARRANT CERTIFICATES, ETC. The Warrant Agent shall account promptly to the Company with respect to Warrants exercised and concurrently pay to the Company all moneys received by the Warrant Agent for the purchase of securities or other property through the exercise of such Warrants. The Warrant Agent shall keep copies of this Agreement available for inspection by Warrantholders during normal business hours at its stock transfer office. Copies of this Agreement may be obtained upon written request addressed to the Warrant Agent at its stock transfer office in _______, ________. 14. WARRANTHOLDER NOT DEEMED A SHAREHOLDER. No Warrantholder, as such, shall be entitled to vote, receive dividends or be deemed the holder of Common Stock or any other securities of the Company which may at any time be issuable on the exercise of the Warrants represented thereby for any purpose whatever, nor shall anything contained herein or in any Warrant Certificate be construed to confer upon any Warrantholder, as such, any of the rights of a shareholder of the Company or any right to vote for the election of directors or upon any matter submitted to shareholders at any meeting thereof, or to give or withhold consent to any corporate action (whether upon any recapitalization, issuance of stock, reclassification of stock, change of par value or change of stock to no par value, consolidation, merger, conveyance or otherwise), or to receive notice of meetings or other actions affecting shareholders (except as provided in Section 12 hereof), or to receive dividend or subscription rights, or otherwise, until such Warrant Certificate shall have been exercised in accordance with the provisions hereof and the receipt of the Exercise Price and any other amounts payable upon such exercise by the Warrant Agent. 11 15. RIGHT OF ACTION. All rights of action in respect to this Agreement are vested in the respective registered holders of the Warrant Certificates; and any registered holder of any Warrant Certificate, without the consent of the Warrant Agent or of any other holder of a Warrant Certificate, may, in his own behalf for his own benefit, enforce, and may institute and maintain any suit, action or proceeding against the Company suitable to enforce, or otherwise in respect of, his right to exercise the Warrants evidenced by such Warrant Certificate, for the purchase of shares of the Common Stock in the manner provided in the Warrant Certificate and in this Agreement. 16. AGREEMENT OF HOLDERS OF WARRANT CERTIFICATES. Every holder of a Warrant Certificate by accepting the same consents and agrees with the Company, the Warrant Agent and with every other holder of a Warrant Certificate that: (a) the Warrant Certificates are transferable on the registry books of the Warrant Agent only upon the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement; and (b) the Company and the Warrant Agent may deem and treat the person in whose name the Warrant Certificate is registered as the absolute owner of the Warrant (notwithstanding any notation of ownership or other writing thereon made by anyone other than the Company or the Warrant Agent) for all purposes whatever and neither the Company nor the Warrant Agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary. 17. CANCELLATION OF WARRANT CERTIFICATES. In the event that the Company shall purchase or otherwise acquire any Warrant Certificate or Certificates after the issuance thereof, such Warrant Certificate or Certificates shall thereupon be delivered to the Warrant Agent and be canceled by it and retired. The Warrant Agent shall also cancel any Warrant Certificate delivered to it for exercise, in whole or in part, or delivered to it for transfer, split-up, combination or exchange. Warrant Certificates so canceled shall be delivered by the Warrant Agent to the Company from time to time, or disposed of in accordance with the instructions of the Company. 18. CONCERNING THE WARRANT AGENT. The Company agrees to pay to the Warrant Agent from time to time, on demand of the Warrant Agent, reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder and also its reasonable expenses, including counsel fees, and other disbursements incurred in the administration and execution of this Agreement and the exercise and performance of its duties hereunder. The Company also agrees to indemnify the Warrant Agent for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss, liability or expense, incurred without gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct on the part of the Warrant Agent, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance and administration of this Agreement. 19. MERGER OR CONSOLIDATION OR CHANGE OF NAME OF WARRANT AGENT. Any corporation into which the Warrant Agent may be merged or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger or consolidation to which the Warrant Agent shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the corporate trust business of the Warrant Agent, shall be the successor to the Warrant Agent hereunder without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto, provided that such corporation would be eligible for appointment as a successor warrant agent under the provisions of Section 21 hereof. 12 In case at the time such successor to the Warrant Agent shall succeed to the agency created by this Agreement, any of the Warrant Certificates shall have been countersigned but not delivered, any such successor to the Warrant Agent may adopt the countersignature of the original Warrant Agent and deliver such Warrant Certificates so countersigned; and in case at that time any of the Warrant Certificates shall not have been countersigned, any successor to the Warrant Agent may countersign such Warrant Certificates either in the name of the predecessor Warrant Agent or in the name of the successor Warrant Agent; and in all such cases such Warrant Certificates shall have the full force provided in the Warrant Certificates and in this Agreement. In case at any time the name of the Warrant Agent shall be changed and at such time any of the Warrant Certificates shall have been countersigned but not delivered, the Warrant Agent may adopt the countersignature under its prior name and deliver Warrant Certificates so countersigned; and in case at that time any of the Warrant Certificates shall not have been countersigned, the Warrant Agent may countersign such Warrant Certificates either in its prior name or in its changed name; and in all such cases such Warrant Certificates shall have the full force provided in the Warrant Certificates and in this Agreement. 20. DUTIES OF WARRANT AGENT. The Warrant Agent undertakes the duties and obligations imposed by this Agreement upon the following terms and conditions, by all of which the Company and the holders of Warrant Certificates, by their acceptance thereof, shall be bound: (a) The Warrant Agent may consult with counsel satisfactory to it (who may be counsel for the Company), and the opinion of such counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection to the Warrant Agent as to any action taken, suffered or omitted by it in good faith and in accordance with such opinion; provided, however, that the Warrant Agent shall have exercised reasonable care in the selection of such counsel. Fees and expenses of such counsel, to the extent reasonable, shall be paid by the Company. (b) Whenever in the performance of its duties under this Agreement, the Warrant Agent shall deem it necessary or desirable that any fact or matter be proved or established by the Company prior to taking or suffering any action hereunder, such fact or matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed) may be deemed to be conclusively proved and established by a certificate signed by a Chairman or co-Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or a Vice President or the Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Warrant Agent; and such certificate shall be full authorization to the Warrant Agent for any action taken or suffered in good faith by it under the provisions of this Agreement in reliance upon such certificate. (c) The Warrant Agent shall be liable hereunder only for its own gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct. (d) The Warrant Agent shall not be liable for or by reason of any of the statements of fact or recitals contained in this Agreement or in the Warrant Certificates (except its countersignature on the Warrant Certificates and such statements or recitals as describe the Warrant Agent or action taken or to be taken by it) or be required to verify the same, but all such statements and recitals are and shall be deemed to have been made by the Company only. 13 (e) The Warrant Agent shall not be under any responsibility in respect of the validity of this Agreement or the execution and delivery hereof (except the due execution hereof by the Warrant Agent) or in respect of the validity or execution of any Warrant Certificate (except its countersignature thereof); nor shall it be responsible for any breach by the Company of any covenant or condition contained in this Agreement or in any Warrant Certificate; nor shall it be responsible for the making of any change in the number of shares of Common Stock for which a Warrant is exercisable required under the provisions of Section 6 or responsible for the manner, method or amount of any such change or the ascertaining of the existence of facts that would require any such adjustment or change (except with respect to the exercise of Warrant Certificates after actual notice of any adjustment of the Exercise Price); nor shall it by any act hereunder be deemed to make any representation or warranty as to the authorization or reservation of any shares of Common Stock to be issued pursuant to this Agreement or any Warrant Certificate or as to whether any shares of Common Stock will, when issued, be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable. (f) The Warrant Agent shall be under no obligation to institute any action, suit or legal proceeding or take any other action likely to involve expense unless the Company or one or more registered holders of Warrant Certificates shall furnish the Warrant Agent with reasonable security and indemnity for any costs and expenses which may be incurred. All rights of action under this Agreement or under any of the Warrants may be enforced by the Warrant Agent without the possession of any of the Warrants or the production thereof at any trial or other proceeding relative thereto, and any such action, suit or proceeding instituted by the Warrant Agent shall be brought in its name as Warrant Agent, and any recovery of judgment shall be for the ratable benefit of the registered holders of the Warrant Certificates, as their respective rights or interests may appear. (g) The Warrant Agent and any shareholder, director, officer or employee of the Warrant Agent may buy, sell or deal in any of the Warrants or other securities of the Company or become pecuniarily interested in any transaction in which the Company may be interested, or contract with or lend money to or otherwise act as fully and freely as though it were not Warrant Agent under this Agreement. Nothing herein shall preclude the Warrant Agent from acting in any other capacity for the Company or for any other legal entity. (h) The Warrant Agent is hereby authorized and directed to accept instructions with respect to the performance of its duties hereunder from a Chairman or co-Chairman of the Board or President or a Vice President or the Secretary or the Controller of the Company, and to apply to such officers for advice or instructions in connection with the Warrant Agent's duties, and it shall not be liable for any action taken or suffered or omitted by it in good faith in accordance with instructions of any such officer. (i) The Warrant Agent will not be responsible for any failure of the Company to comply with any of the covenants contained in this Agreement or in the Warrant Certificates to be complied with by the Company. (j) The Warrant Agent may execute and exercise any of the rights or powers hereby vested in it or perform any duty hereunder either itself or by or through its attorneys, agents or employees and the Warrant Agent shall not be answerable or accountable for any act, 14 default, neglect or misconduct of any such attorneys, agents or employees or for any loss to the Company resulting from such neglect or misconduct; provided, however, that reasonable care shall have been exercised in the selection and continued employment of such attorneys, agents and employees. (k) The Warrant Agent will not incur any liability or responsibility to the Company or to any holder of any Warrant Certificate for any action taken, or any failure to take action, in reliance on any notice, resolution, waiver, consent, order, certificate, or other paper, document or instrument reasonably believed by the Warrant Agent to be genuine and to have been signed, sent or presented by the proper party or parties. (l) The Warrant Agent will act hereunder solely as agent of the Company in a ministerial capacity, and its duties will be determined solely by the provisions hereof. The Warrant Agent will not be liable for anything which it may do or refrain from doing in connection with this Agreement except for its own gross negligence, bad faith or willful conduct. 21. CHANGE OF WARRANT AGENT. The Warrant Agent may resign and be discharged from its duties under this Agreement upon 30 days' prior notice in writing mailed, by registered or certified mail, to the Company. The Company may remove the Warrant Agent or any successor warrant agent upon 30 days' prior notice in writing, mailed to the Warrant Agent or successor warrant agent, as the case may be, by registered or certified mail. If the Warrant Agent shall resign or be removed or shall otherwise become incapable of acting, the Company shall appoint a successor to the Warrant Agent and shall, within 15 days following such appointment, give notice thereof in writing to each registered holder of the Warrant Certificates. If the Company shall fail to make such appointment within a period of 15 days after giving notice of such removal or after it has been notified in writing of such resignation or incapacity by the resigning or incapacitated Warrant Agent, then the Company agrees to perform the duties of the Warrant Agent hereunder until a successor Warrant Agent is appointed. After appointment and execution of a copy of this Agreement in effect at that time, the successor Warrant Agent shall be vested with the same powers, rights, duties and responsibilities as if it had been originally named as Warrant Agent without further act or deed; but the former Warrant Agent shall deliver and transfer to the successor Warrant Agent, within a reasonable time, any property at the time held by it hereunder, and execute and deliver any further assurance, conveyance, act or deed necessary for the purpose. Failure to give any notice provided for in this Section, however, or any defect therein shall not affect the legality or validity of the resignation or removal of the Warrant Agent or the appointment of the successor warrant agent, as the case may be. 22. ISSUANCE OF NEW WARRANT CERTIFICATES. Notwithstanding any of the provisions of this Agreement or the several Warrant Certificates to the contrary, the Company may, at its option, issue new Warrant Certificates in such form as may be approved by its Board of Directors to reflect any adjustment or change in the Exercise Price or the number or kind of shares purchasable under the several Warrant Certificates made in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. 23. NOTICES. Notice or demand pursuant to this Agreement to be given or made on the Company by the Warrant Agent or by the registered holder of any Warrant Certificate shall be 15 sufficiently given or made if sent by first-class or registered mail, postage prepaid, addressed (until another address is filed in writing by the Company with the Warrant Agent) as follows: Vaughan Foods, Inc. 216 N.E. 12th Street Moore, Oklahoma 73160 Attention: Chief Financial Officer Subject to the provisions of Section 21, any notice pursuant to this Agreement to be given or made by the Company or by the holder of any Warrant Certificate to or on the Warrant Agent shall be sufficiently given or made if sent by first-class or registered mail, postage prepaid, addressed (until another address is filed in writing by the Warrant Agent with the Company) as follows: -------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------------- Any notice or demand authorized to be given or made to the registered holder of any Warrant Certificate under this Agreement shall be sufficiently given or made if sent by first-class or registered mail, postage prepaid, to the last address of such holder as it shall appear on the registers maintained by the Warrant Agent. 24. MODIFICATION OF AGREEMENT. The Warrant Agent may, without the consent or concurrence of the Warrantholders, by supplemental agreement or otherwise, concur with the Company in making any changes or corrections in this Agreement that the Warrant Agent shall have been advised by counsel (who may be counsel for the Company) are necessary or desirable to cure any ambiguity or to correct any defective or inconsistent provision or clerical omission or mistake or manifest error herein contained, or to make any other provisions in regard to matters or questions arising hereunder and which shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of the Warrant Certificates and which shall not adversely affect the interests of the Warrantholders. As of the date hereof, this Agreement contains the entire and only agreement, understanding, representation, condition, warranty or covenant between the parties hereto with respect to the matters herein, supersedes any and all other agreements between the parties hereto relating to such matters, and may be modified or amended only by a written agreement signed by both parties hereto pursuant to the authority granted by the first sentence of this Section. 25. SUCCESSORS. All the covenants and provisions of this Agreement by or for the benefit of the Company or the Warrant Agent shall bind and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns hereunder. 26. OKLAHOMA CONTRACT. This Agreement and each Warrant Certificate issued hereunder shall be deemed to be a contract made under the laws of the State of Oklahoma and for all purposes shall be construed in accordance with the laws of said State. 16 27. TERMINATION. This Agreement shall terminate as of the close of business on the Expiration Date, or such earlier date upon which all Warrants shall have been exercised or redeemed, except that the Warrant Agent shall account to the Company as to all Warrants outstanding and all cash held by it as of the close of business on the Expiration Date. 28. BENEFITS OF THIS AGREEMENT. Nothing in this Agreement or in the Warrant Certificates shall be construed to give to any person or corporation other than the Company, the Warrant Agent, and their respective successors and assigns hereunder and the registered holders of the Warrant Certificates any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Agreement; but this Agreement shall be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the Company, the Warrant Agent, their respective successors and assigns hereunder and the registered holders of the Warrant Certificates. 29. DESCRIPTIVE HEADINGS. The descriptive headings of the several Sections of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not control or affect the meaning or construction of any of the provisions hereof. 30. COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument. (REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK; SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS) 17 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed, all as of the day and year first above written. VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. By: ----------------------------------------- Name: Mark E. Vaughan Title: Chief Executive Officer [--------------------------] By: ----------------------------------------- Name: Title: By: ----------------------------------------- Name: Title: 18 EXHIBIT A VOID AFTER 5 P.M. PACIFIC TIME ON _________, 2011 CLASS A WARRANTS TO PURCHASE COMMON STOCK Certificate number _______ _________ Warrants Vaughan Foods, Inc. CUSIP __________ THIS CERTIFIES THAT or registered assigns, is the registered holder of the number of Class A Warrants ("WARRANTS") set forth above. Each Warrant, unless and until redeemed by the Company as provided in the Warrant Agreement, hereinafter more fully described (the "WARRANT AGREEMENT") entitles the holder thereof to purchase from Vaughan Foods, Inc., a corporation incorporated under the laws of the State of Oklahoma the ("COMPANY"), subject to the terms and conditions set forth hereinafter and in the Warrant Agreement, at any time on or after _________, 2006 and before the close of business on _________, 2011 ("EXPIRATION DATE"), one fully paid and non-assessable share of Common Stock of the Company ("COMMON STOCK") upon presentation and surrender of this Warrant Certificate, with the instructions for the registration and delivery of Common Stock filled in, at the stock transfer office in _______, ________, of __________________________, Warrant Agent of the Company ("WARRANT AGENT") or of its successor warrant agent or, if there be no successor warrant agent, at the corporate offices of the Company, and upon payment of the Exercise Price (as defined in the Warrant Agreement) and any applicable taxes paid either in cash, or by certified or official bank check, payable in lawful money of the United States of America to the order of the Company. Each Warrant initially entitles the holder to purchase one share of Common Stock for $_____. The number and kind of securities or other property for which the Warrants are exercisable are subject to adjustment in certain events, such as mergers, splits, stock dividends, splits and the like, to prevent dilution. The Company may redeem any or all outstanding and unexercised Warrants by giving not less than 30 days prior notice at any time after the later of _________, 2007 and the date on which closing price of the Common Stock on the principal exchange or trading facility on which it is traded has equaled or exceeded $_____ per share on each of five consecutive trading days. The Redemption Price is $0.25 per Warrant. All Warrants not theretofore exercised will expire on the Expiration Date. This Warrant Certificate is subject to all of the terms, provisions and conditions of the Warrant Agreement, dated as of _______, 2006, between the Company and the Warrant Agent, to all of which terms, provisions and conditions the registered holder of this Warrant Certificate consents by acceptance hereof. The Warrant Agreement is incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof and reference is made to the Warrant Agreement for a full description of the rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities of the Warrant Agent, the Company and the holders of the Warrant Certificates. Copies of the Warrant Agreement are available for inspection at the stock transfer office of the Warrant Agent or may be obtained upon written request addressed to the Company at Vaughan Foods, Inc., 216 N.E. 12th Street, Moore, Oklahoma 73160, Attention: Chief Financial Officer. The Company shall not be required upon the exercise of the Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate to issue fractions of Warrants, Common Stock or other securities, but shall make adjustment therefor in cash on the basis of the current market value of any fractional interest as provided in the Warrant Agreement. In certain cases, the sale of securities by the Company upon exercise of Warrants may violate the securities laws of the United States, certain states thereof or other jurisdictions. The Company has agreed to use all commercially reasonable efforts to cause a registration statement to continue to be effective during the term of the Warrants with respect to such sales under the Securities Act of 1933, and to take such action under the laws of various states as may be required to cause the sale of securities upon exercise to be lawful. However, the Company will not be required to honor the exercise of Warrants if, in the opinion of the Board of Directors, upon advice of counsel, the sale of securities upon such exercise would be unlawful. In certain cases, the Company may, but is not required to, purchase Warrants submitted for exercise for a cash price equal to the difference between the market price of the securities obtainable upon such exercise and the exercise price of such Warrants. If the Warrants would otherwise expire while not exercisable as a result of any such determination by the Board of Directors, their Expiration Date will be extended to a date 30 days after the Warrants once again become exercisable. This Warrant Certificate, with or without other Certificates, upon surrender to the Warrant Agent, any successor warrant agent or, in the absence of any successor warrant agent, at the corporate offices of the Company, may be exchanged for another Warrant Certificate or Certificates evidencing in the aggregate the same number of Warrants as the Warrant Certificate or Certificates so surrendered. If the Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate shall be exercised in part, the holder hereof shall be entitled to receive upon surrender hereof another Warrant Certificate or Certificates evidencing the number of Warrants not so exercised. No holder of this Warrant Certificate, as such, shall be entitled to vote, receive dividends or be deemed the holder of Common Stock or any other securities of the Company which may at any time be issuable on the exercise hereof for any purpose whatever, nor shall anything contained in the Warrant Agreement or herein be construed to confer upon the holder of this Warrant Certificate, as such, any of the rights of a shareholder of the Company or any right to vote for the election of directors or upon any matter submitted to shareholders at any meeting thereof or give or withhold consent to any corporate action (whether upon any matter submitted to shareholders at any meeting thereof, or give or withhold consent to any merger, recapitalization, issuance of stock, reclassification of stock, change of par value or change of stock to no par value, consolidation, conveyance or otherwise) or to receive notice of meetings or other actions affecting shareholders (except as provided in the Warrant Agreement) or to receive dividends or subscription rights or otherwise until the Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate shall have been exercised and the Common Stock purchasable upon the exercise thereof shall have become deliverable as provided in the Warrant Agreement. If this Warrant Certificate shall be surrendered for exercise within any period during which the transfer books for the Company's Common Stock or other class of stock purchasable upon the exercise of the Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate are closed for any purpose, the Company shall not be required to make delivery of certificates for shares purchasable upon such transfer until the date of the reopening of said transfer books. Every holder of this Warrant Certificate by accepting the same consents and agrees with the Company, the Warrant Agent, and with every other holder of a Warrant Certificate that: (a) this Warrant Certificate is transferable on the registry books of the Warrant Agent only upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Warrant Agreement, and (b) the Company and the Warrant Agent may deem and treat the person in whose name this Warrant Certificate is registered as the absolute owner hereof (notwithstanding any notation of ownership or other writing thereon made by anyone other than the Company or the Warrant Agent) for all purposes whatsoever and neither the Company nor the Warrant Agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary. The Company shall not be required to issue or deliver any certificate for shares of Common Stock or other securities upon the exercise of Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate until any tax which may be payable in respect thereof by the holder of this Warrant Certificate pursuant to the Warrant Agreement shall have been paid, such tax being payable by the holder of this Warrant Certificate at the time of surrender. This Warrant Certificate shall not be valid or obligatory for any purpose until it shall have been countersigned by the Warrant Agent. (REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK; SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS) WITNESS the facsimile signatures of the proper officers of the Company and its corporate seal. Dated: _______________ VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. By: __________________________________ Name: Mark E. Vaughan Title: Chief Executive Officer Attest: _____________________________ Secretary Countersigned: [--------------------------] By: ______________________________________ Authorized Officer EXHIBIT B VOID AFTER 5 P.M. PACIFIC TIME ON _________, 2011 CLASS B WARRANTS TO PURCHASE COMMON STOCK Certificate number _______ _________ Warrants Vaughan Foods, Inc. CUSIP ______________ THIS CERTIFIES THAT or registered assigns, is the registered holder of the number of Class B Warrants ("WARRANTS") set forth above. Subject to the terms of the Warrant Agreement, hereinafter more fully described (the "WARRANT AGREEMENT"), each Warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase from Vaughan Foods, Inc., a corporation incorporated under the laws of the State of Oklahoma the ("COMPANY"), subject to the terms and conditions set forth hereinafter and in the Warrant Agreement, at any time on or after _________, 2006 and before the close of business on _________, 2011 ("EXPIRATION DATE"), one fully paid and non-assessable share of Common Stock of the Company ("COMMON Stock") upon presentation and surrender of this Warrant Certificate, with the instructions for the registration and delivery of Common Stock filled in, at the stock transfer office in _______, ________, of __________________________, Warrant Agent of the Company ("WARRANT AGENT") or of its successor warrant agent or, if there be no successor warrant agent, at the corporate offices of the Company, and upon payment of the Exercise Price (as defined in the Warrant Agreement) and any applicable taxes paid either in cash, or by certified or official bank check, payable in lawful money of the United States of America to the order of the Company. Each Warrant initially entitles the holder to purchase one share of Common Stock for $______. The number and kind of securities or other property for which the Warrants are exercisable are subject to adjustment in certain events, such as mergers, splits, stock dividends, splits and the like, to prevent dilution. Beginning on __________, 2006, the Company may redeem any or all outstanding and unexercised warrants by giving not less than 30 days' prior written notice at any time after the Company's gross revenue for any 12-month period, as confirmed by an independent audit, equals or exceeds $100.0 million. The Redemption Price is $0.25 per Warrant. All Warrants not theretofore exercised will expire on the Expiration Date. 1 This Warrant Certificate is subject to all of the terms, provisions and conditions of the Warrant Agreement, dated as of _______, 2006, between the Company and the Warrant Agent, to all of which terms, provisions and conditions the registered holder of this Warrant Certificate consents by acceptance hereof. The Warrant Agreement is incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof and reference is made to the Warrant Agreement for a full description of the rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities of the Warrant Agent, the Company and the holders of the Warrant Certificates. Copies of the Warrant Agreement are available for inspection at the stock transfer office of the Warrant Agent or may be obtained upon written request addressed to the Company at Vaughan Foods, Inc., 216 N.E. 12th Street, Moore, Oklahoma 73160, Attention: Chief Financial Officer. The Company shall not be required upon the exercise of the Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate to issue fractions of Warrants, Common Stock or other securities, but shall make adjustment therefor in cash on the basis of the current market value of any fractional interest as provided in the Warrant Agreement. In certain cases, the sale of securities by the Company upon exercise of Warrants may violate the securities laws of the United States, certain states thereof or other jurisdictions. The Company has agreed to use all commercially reasonable efforts to cause a registration statement to continue to be effective during the term of the Warrants with respect to such sales under the Securities Act of 1933, and to take such action under the laws of various states as may be required to cause the sale of securities upon exercise to be lawful. However, the Company will not be required to honor the exercise of Warrants if, in the opinion of the Board of Directors, upon advice of counsel, the sale of securities upon such exercise would be unlawful. In certain cases, the Company may, but is not required to, purchase Warrants submitted for exercise for a cash price equal to the difference between the market price of the securities obtainable upon such exercise and the exercise price of such Warrants. If the Warrants would otherwise expire while not exercisable as a result of any such determination by the Board of Directors, their Expiration Date will be extended to a date 30 days after the Warrants once again become exercisable. This Warrant Certificate, with or without other Certificates, upon surrender to the Warrant Agent, any successor warrant agent or, in the absence of any successor warrant agent, at the corporate offices of the Company, may be exchanged for another Warrant Certificate or Certificates evidencing in the aggregate the same number of Warrants as the Warrant Certificate or Certificates so surrendered. If the Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate shall be exercised in part, the holder hereof shall be entitled to receive upon surrender hereof another Warrant Certificate or Certificates evidencing the number of Warrants not so exercised. No holder of this Warrant Certificate, as such, shall be entitled to vote, receive dividends or be deemed the holder of Common Stock or any other securities of the Company which may at any time be issuable on the exercise hereof for any purpose whatever, nor shall anything contained in the Warrant Agreement or herein be construed to confer upon the holder of this Warrant Certificate, as such, any of the rights of a shareholder of the Company or any right to vote for the election of directors or upon any matter submitted to shareholders at any meeting thereof or give or withhold consent to any corporate action (whether upon any matter submitted to shareholders at any meeting thereof, or give or withhold consent to any merger, recapitalization, issuance of stock, reclassification of stock, change of par value or change of 2 stock to no par value, consolidation, conveyance or otherwise) or to receive notice of meetings or other actions affecting shareholders (except as provided in the Warrant Agreement) or to receive dividends or subscription rights or otherwise until the Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate shall have been exercised and the Common Stock purchasable upon the exercise thereof shall have become deliverable as provided in the Warrant Agreement. If this Warrant Certificate shall be surrendered for exercise within any period during which the transfer books for the Company's Common Stock or other class of stock purchasable upon the exercise of the Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate are closed for any purpose, the Company shall not be required to make delivery of certificates for shares purchasable upon such transfer until the date of the reopening of said transfer books. Every holder of this Warrant Certificate by accepting the same consents and agrees with the Company, the Warrant Agent, and with every other holder of a Warrant Certificate that: (a) this Warrant Certificate is transferable on the registry books of the Warrant Agent only upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Warrant Agreement, and (b) the Company and the Warrant Agent may deem and treat the person in whose name this Warrant Certificate is registered as the absolute owner hereof (notwithstanding any notation of ownership or other writing thereon made by anyone other than the Company or the Warrant Agent) for all purposes whatsoever and neither the Company nor the Warrant Agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary. The Company shall not be required to issue or deliver any certificate for shares of Common Stock or other securities upon the exercise of Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate until any tax which may be payable in respect thereof by the holder of this Warrant Certificate pursuant to the Warrant Agreement shall have been paid, such tax being payable by the holder of this Warrant Certificate at the time of surrender. This Warrant Certificate shall not be valid or obligatory for any purpose until it shall have been countersigned by the Warrant Agent. (REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK; SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS) 3 WITNESS the facsimile signatures of the proper officers of the Company and its corporate seal. Dated: _______________ VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. By: ____________________________________ Name: Mark E. Vaughan Title: Chief Executive Officer Attest: _______________________________ Secretary Countersigned: [--------------------------] By: ______________________________________ Authorized Officer 4 EX-4.3 9 c44364_ex4-3.txt UNIT CERTIFICATE NO. _________ _____ UNITS CUSIP ____ SEE REVERSE FOR CERTAIN DEFINITIONS VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. UNIT CERTIFICATE INCORPORATED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF OKLAHOMA EACH UNIT CONSISTING OF ONE SHARE OF COMMON STOCK, $.001 PAR VALUE, ONE REDEEMABLE CLASS A WARRANT AND ONE REDEEMABLE CLASS B WARRANT THIS CERTIFIES THAT or registered assigns (the "Registered Holder") is the owner of the number of Units specified above, each of which consists of one share of common stock, $.001 par value, of Vaughan Foods, Inc. (the "Common Stock"), one redeemable Class A warrant, and one redeemable Class B warrant, each warrant to purchase one share of Common Stock (collectively, the "Warrants"). On or prior to the Separation Time (as defined herein), the securities evidenced by this certificate may be combined, exchanged or transferred only as Units, and the Common Stock and Warrants evidenced by this Certificate may not be split up, exchanged or traded separately. The Units will separate into shares of Common Stock and Warrants as of the close of business on , 2006 [thirty days after the date of the final prospectus] (the "Separation Time"). The shares of Common Stock and the Warrants comprising the Units shall be separately tradeable commencing on the first day after the Separation Time on which The Nasdaq Capital Market is open for trading. The Warrants comprising part of the Units are issued under and pursuant to a certain Warrant Agreement dated as of , 2006 (the "Warrant Agreement"), between Vaughan Foods, Inc. and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as Warrant Agent (the "Warrant Agent"), and are subject to the terms and provisions contained therein and on the face of the certificates covered thereby, to all of which terms and provisions the holder of this Unit Certificate consents by acceptance hereof. The Warrant Agreement provides for adjustment to the exercise price of the Warrants evidenced hereby and in the number of shares of Common Stock to be delivered upon the exercise of Warrants in certain events therein set forth. Copies of the Warrant Agreement are available for inspection at the stock transfer office of the Warrant Agent and Registrar or may be obtained upon written request addressed to Vaughan Foods, Inc., 216 N.E. 12th Street, Moore, OK 73160, Attention: Chief Financial Officer. This Unit Certificate is not valid unless countersigned by the Warrant Agent and Registrar of the Company. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Vaughan Foods, Inc. has caused this Unit Certificate to be duly executed manually or in facsimile by two of its officers thereunto duly authorized. Dated: Vaughan Foods, Inc. By: ------------------------------------------------- Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer Attest: -------------------------------------------- Secretary - ------------------------------------------- Countersigned Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company 17 Battery Place New York, New York 10004-1125 By: ------------------------------- Authorized Signature VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. The Registered Holder hereby is entitled, at any time after the Separation Time (as defined on the face hereof) to exchange the Units represented by this Unit Certificate for Common Stock Certificate(s) representing one share of Common Stock for each Unit represented by this Unit Certificate, and Warrant Certificate(s) representing one redeemable Class A Warrant for each Unit represented by this Unit Certificate, and one redeemable Class B Warrant for each unit represented by this Unit Certificate, upon surrender of this Unit Certificate to the Warrant Agent and Registrar together with any documentation required by such agent. REFERENCE IS MADE TO THE WARRANT AGREEMENT REFERRED TO ON THE FACE HEREOF, AND THE PROVISIONS OF SUCH WARRANT AGREEMENT SHALL FOR ALL PURPOSES HAVE THE SAME EFFECT AS THOUGH FULLY SET FORTH ON THE FACE OF THIS CERTIFICATE. COPIES OF THE WARRANT AGREEMENT MAY BE OBTAINED UPON WRITTEN REQUEST FROM THE WARRANT AGENT AND REGISTRAR, CONTINENTAL STOCK TRANSFER & TRUST COMPANY. The following abbreviations, when used in the inscription on the face of this certificate, shall be construed as though they were written out in full according to applicable laws or regulations.
TEN COM - as tenants in common UNIF GIFT MIN ACT - _____ Custodian ____________ TEN ENT - as tenants by the entireties (Cust) (Minor) JT TEN - as joint tenants with rights of under Uniform Gifts to Minors survivorship and not as tenants Act ______________________ in common (State) UNIF TRF MIN ACT - _____ Custodian ____________ (Cust) (Minor) under Uniform Transfers to Minors Act ________________ (State)
Additional abbreviations may also be used though not in the above list. FORM OF ASSIGNMENT (TO BE SIGNED ONLY UPON ASSIGNMENT) FOR VALUE RECEIVED, ------------------------------------------------------------ hereby sell(s), assign(s), and transfer(s) unto (PLEASE INSERT SOCIAL SECURITY OR OTHER IDENTIFYING NUMBER OF ASSIGNEE) - ------------------------------- - ------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (PLEASE PRINT NAME AND ADDRESS, INCLUDING ZIP CODE, OF ASSIGNEE) _________________________________________________________________________ Shares of the Units represented by the within Certificate, and do(es) hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint _____________________________________________ Attorney to transfer the said Units on the books of the within named Corporation with full power of substitution in the premises. Dated: - ---------------------------------------------- (Signature must conform in all respects to the name of Registered Holder as specified on the face of this Warrant Certificate in every particular, without alteration or any change whatsoever, and the signature must be guaranteed in the usual manner.) Signatures Guaranteed: - ---------------------------------------------- The signatures should be guaranteed by an eligible institution (banks, stockbrokers, savings and loan association and credit unions with membership in an approved signature medallion program), pursuant to S.E.C. Rule 17Ad-15.
EX-4.4 10 c44364_ex4-4.txt THIS WARRANT HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 AND IS NOT TRANSFERABLE EXCEPT AS PROVIDED HEREIN Vaughan Foods, Inc. PURCHASE WARRANT Issued to: PAULSON INVESTMENT COMPANY, INC. Exercisable to Purchase 500,000 Units of VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. Void after ________, 2011 This is to certify that, for value received and subject to the terms and conditions set forth below, the Warrantholder (hereinafter defined) is entitled to purchase, and the Company promises and agrees to sell and issue to the Warrantholder, at any time on or after ________, 2007 and on or before ________, 2011, up to 500,000 Units (hereinafter defined) at the Exercise Price (hereinafter defined). This Warrant Certificate is issued subject to the following terms and conditions: 1. DEFINITIONS OF CERTAIN TERMS. Except as may be otherwise clearly required by the context, the following terms have the following meanings: (a) "Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. (b) "Cashless Exercise" means an exercise of Warrants in which, in lieu of payment of the Exercise Price, the Holder elects to receive a lesser number of Securities such that the value of the Securities that such Holder would otherwise have been entitled to receive but has agreed not to receive, as determined by the closing price of such Securities on the date of exercise or, if such date is not a trading day, on the next prior trading day, is equal to the Exercise Price with respect to such exercise. A Holder may only elect a Cashless Exercise if Securities issuable by the Company on such exercise are publicly traded securities. (c) "Class A Warrant" means a warrant defined as a Class A Warrant in the Warrant Agreement. (d) "Class B Warrant" means a warrant defined as a Class B Warrant in the Warrant Agreement. (e) "Closing Date" means the date on which the Offering is closed. (f) "Commission" means the Securities and Exchange Commission. (g) "Common Stock" means the common stock, par value $0.001, of the Company. (h) "Company" means Vaughan Foods, Inc., an Oklahoma corporation. (i) "Company's Expenses" means any and all expenses payable by the Company or the Warrantholder in connection with an offering described in Section 6 hereof, except Warrantholder's Expenses. (j) "Corporate Financing Rule" means Rule 2710 of the rules of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. 2 (k) "Effective Date" means the date on which the Registration Statement is declared effective by the Commission. (l) "Exercise Price" means the price at which the Warrantholder may purchase one Unit upon exercise of Warrants as determined from time to time pursuant to the provisions hereof. The initial Exercise Price is $_____ per Unit. (m) "Offering" means the public offering of Units made pursuant to the Registration Statement. (n) "Participating Underwriter" means any underwriter participating in the sale of the Securities pursuant to a registration under Section 6 of this Warrant Certificate. (o) "Registration Statement" means the Company's registration statement (File No. 333 -______) as amended on the Closing Date. (p) "Rules and Regulations" means the rules and regulations of the Commission adopted under the Act. (q) "Securities" means the securities obtained or obtainable upon exercise of the Warrant or securities obtained or obtainable upon exercise, exchange, or conversion of such securities. (r) "Unit" means one share of Common Stock, one redeemable Class A Warrant and one redeemable Class B Warrants. (s) "Unit Warrant" means either a Class A Warrant or a Class B Warrant. (t) "Warrant Agreement" means that certain Warrant Agreement, dated as of _______, 2006, by and between the Company and ___________________ relating to the issuance of Unit Warrants. (u) "Warrant Certificate" means a certificate evidencing the Warrant. (v) "Warrantholder" means a record holder of the Warrant or Securities. The initial Warrantholder is Paulson Investment Company, Inc. (w) "Warrantholder's Expenses" means the sum of (i) the aggregate amount of cash payments made to an underwriter, underwriting syndicate, or agent in connection with an offering described in Section 6 hereof multiplied by a fraction the numerator of which is the aggregate sales price of the Securities sold by such underwriter, underwriting syndicate, or agent in such offering and the denominator of which is the aggregate sales price of all of the securities sold by such underwriter, underwriting syndicate, or agent in such offering and (ii) all out-of-pocket expenses of the Warrantholder, except for the fees and disbursements of one firm retained as legal counsel for the Warrantholder that will be paid by the Company. (x) "Warrant" means the warrant evidenced by this certificate, any similar certificate issued in connection with the Offering, or any certificate obtained upon transfer or partial exercise of the Warrant evidenced by any such certificate. 2. EXERCISE OF WARRANT. All or any part of the Warrant represented by this Warrant Certificate may be exercised commencing 180 days after the Effective Date and 3 ending at 5 p.m. Pacific Time on the fifth anniversary of the Effective Date (the "Expiration Date") by surrendering this Warrant Certificate, together with appropriate instructions, duly executed by the Warrantholder or by its duly authorized attorney, at the office of the Company, 216 N.E. 12th Street, Moore, Oklahoma 73160, Attention: Chief Executive Officer; or at such other office or agency as the Company may designate. The date on which such instructions are received by the Company shall be the date of exercise. If the Holder has elected a Cashless Exercise, such instructions shall so state. Subject to the provisions below, upon receipt of notice of exercise, the Company shall immediately instruct its transfer agent to prepare certificates for the Securities to be received by the Warrantholder upon completion of the Warrant exercise. When such certificates are prepared, the Company shall notify the Warrantholder and deliver such certificates to the Warrantholder or as per the Warrantholder's instructions immediately upon payment in full by the Warrantholder, in lawful money of the United States, of the Exercise Price payable with respect to the Securities being purchased, if any. If the Warrantholder shall represent and warrant that all applicable registration and prospectus delivery requirements for their sale have been complied with upon sale of the Securities received upon exercise of the Warrant, such certificates shall not bear a legend with respect to the Act. If fewer than all the Securities purchasable under the Warrant are purchased, the Company will, upon such partial exercise, execute and deliver to the Warrantholder a new Warrant Certificate (dated the date hereof), in form and tenor similar to this Warrant Certificate, evidencing that portion of the Warrant not exercised. The Securities to be obtained on exercise of the Warrant will be deemed to have been issued, and any person exercising the Warrant will be deemed to have become a holder of record of those Securities, as of the date of the payment of the Exercise Price. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall such Securities be issued, and the Company is authorized to refuse to honor the exercise of the Warrant, if such exercise would result in the opinion of the Company's Board of Directors, upon advice of counsel, in the violation of any law; and provided further that, if the Warrant is exercisable solely for Securities listed on a securities exchange or for which there are at least three independent market makers, the Company may elect to redeem the Warrant submitted for exercise for a price equal to the difference between the aggregate low asked price, or closing price, as the case may be, of the Securities for which the Warrant is exercisable on the date of exercise and the Exercise Price; in the event of such redemption, the Company will pay to the holder of the Warrant the above-described redemption price in cash within 10 business days after receipt of notice of exercise. 3. ADJUSTMENTS IN CERTAIN EVENTS. The number, class, and price of Securities for which this Warrant Certificate may be exercised are subject to adjustment from time to time upon the happening of certain events as follows: (a) If the outstanding shares of the Company's Common Stock are divided into a greater number of shares or a dividend in stock is paid on the Common Stock, the number of shares of Common Stock for which the Warrant is then exercisable will be proportionately increased and the Exercise Price will be proportionately reduced; and, conversely, if the outstanding shares of Common Stock are combined into a smaller number of shares of Common Stock, the number of shares of Common Stock for which the Warrant is then exercisable will be proportionately reduced and the Exercise Price will be proportionately increased. The increases and reductions provided for in this Section 3(a) will be made with the intent and, as nearly as 4 practicable, the effect that neither the percentage of the total equity of the Company obtainable on exercise of the Warrants nor the price payable for such percentage upon such exercise will be affected by any event described in this Section 3(a). (b) In case of any change in the Common Stock through merger, consolidation, reclassification, reorganization, partial or complete liquidation, purchase of substantially all the assets of the Company, or other change in the capital structure of the Company, other than changes in par value, then, as a condition of such change, lawful and adequate provision will be made so that the holder of this Warrant Certificate will have the right thereafter to receive upon the exercise of the Warrant the kind and amount of shares of stock or other securities or property to which he would have been entitled if, immediately prior to such event, he had held the number of shares of Common Stock obtainable upon the exercise of the Warrant. In any such case, appropriate adjustment will be made in the application of the provisions set forth herein with respect to the rights and interest thereafter of the Warrantholder, to the end that the provisions set forth herein will thereafter be applicable, as nearly as reasonably may be, in relation to any shares of stock or other property thereafter deliverable upon the exercise of the Warrant. The Company will not permit any change in its capital structure to occur unless the issuer of the shares of stock or other securities to be received by the holder of this Warrant Certificate, if not the Company, agrees to be bound by and comply with the provisions of this Warrant Certificate. (c) When any adjustment is required to be made in the number of shares of Common Stock, other securities, or the property purchasable upon exercise of the Warrant, the Company will promptly determine the new number of such shares or other securities or property purchasable upon exercise of the Warrant and (i) prepare and retain on file a statement describing in reasonable detail the method used in arriving at the new number of such shares or other securities or property purchasable upon exercise of the Warrant and (ii) cause a copy of such statement to be mailed to the Warrantholder within thirty (30) days after the date of the event giving rise to the adjustment. (d) No fractional shares of Common Stock or other securities will be issued in connection with the exercise of the Warrant, but the Company will pay, in lieu of fractional shares, a cash payment therefor on the basis of the mean between the bid and asked prices of the Common Stock in the over-the-counter market or the last sale price of the Common Stock on the principal exchange or other trading facility on which the Common Stock is traded on the day immediately prior to exercise. (e) If securities of the Company or securities of any subsidiary of the Company are distributed pro rata to holders of Common Stock, such number of securities will be distributed to the Warrantholder or its assignee upon exercise of its rights hereunder as such Warrantholder or assignee would have been entitled to if this Warrant Certificate had been exercised prior to the record date for such distribution. The provisions with respect to adjustment of the Common Stock provided in this Section 3 will also apply to the securities to which the Warrantholder or its assignee is entitled under this Section 3(e). (f) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, there will be no adjustment made hereunder on account of the sale by the Company of the Common Stock or other Securities purchasable upon exercise of the Warrant. 5 (g) If, immediately prior to any exercise of Warrants, there shall be outstanding no securities of a class or series that, but for the provisions of this Section 3, would be issuable upon such exercise (the "FORMERLY ISSUABLE SECURITIES"), then, upon such exercise, and in lieu of the Formerly Issuable Securities, the Company shall issue that number and kind of other securities or property for which the Formerly Issuable Securities were most recently exercisable or into which the Formerly Issuable Securities were most recently convertible, as the case may be. 4. RESERVATION OF SECURITIES. The Company agrees that the number of shares of Common Stock or other Securities sufficient to provide for the exercise of the Warrant upon the basis set forth above will at all times during the term of the Warrant be reserved for exercise. 5. VALIDITY OF SECURITIES. All Securities delivered upon the exercise of the Warrant will be duly and validly issued in accordance with their terms, and the Company will pay all documentary and transfer taxes, if any, in respect of the original issuance thereof upon exercise of the Warrant. 6. REGISTRATION OF SECURITIES ISSUABLE ON EXERCISE OF WARRANT CERTIFICATE. (a) The Company will register the Securities with the Commission pursuant to the Act so as to allow the unrestricted sale of the Securities to the public from time to time commencing on the first anniversary of the Effective Date and ending at 5:00 p.m. Pacific Time on the fifth anniversary of the Effective Date (the "REGISTRATION PERIOD"). The Company will also file such applications and other documents necessary to permit the sale of the Securities to the public during the Registration Period in those states in which the Units were qualified for sale in the Offering or such other states as to which the Company and the Warrantholder agree. In order to comply with the provisions of this Section 6(a), the Company is not required to file more than one registration statement. No registration right of any kind, "piggyback" or otherwise, will last longer than five years from the Effective Date. (b) The Company will pay all of the Company's Expenses and each Warrantholder will pay its pro rata share of the Warrantholder's Expenses relating to the registration, offer, and sale of the Securities. (c) Except as specifically provided herein, the manner and conduct of the registration, including the contents of the registration statement, will be entirely in the control and at the discretion of the Company. The Company will file such post-effective amendments and supplements as may be necessary to maintain the currency of the registration statement during the period of its use. In addition, if the Warrantholder participating in the registration is advised by counsel that the registration statement, in their opinion, is deficient in any material respect, the Company will use its best efforts to cause the registration statement to be amended to eliminate the concerns raised. (d) The Company will furnish to the Warrantholder the number of copies of a prospectus, including a preliminary prospectus, in conformity with the requirements of the Act, and such other documents as it may reasonably request in order to facilitate the disposition of Securities owned by it. 6 (e) The Company will, at the request of Warrantholders holding at least 50 percent of the then outstanding Warrants, (i) furnish an opinion of the counsel representing the Company for the purposes of the registration pursuant to this Section 6, addressed to the Warrantholders and any Participating Underwriter, (ii) furnish an appropriate letter from the independent public accountants of the Company, addressed to the Warrantholders and any Participating Underwriter, and (iii) make such representations and warranties to the Warrantholders and any Participating Underwriter as are customarily given to underwriters of public offerings of equity securities in connection with such offerings. A request pursuant to this subsection (e) may be made on three occasions. The documents required to be delivered pursuant to this subsection (e) will be dated within ten days of the request and will be, in form and substance, equivalent to similar documents furnished to the underwriters in connection with the Offering, with such changes as may be appropriate in light of changed circumstances. 7. INDEMNIFICATION IN CONNECTION WITH REGISTRATION. (a) If any of the Securities are registered, the Company will indemnify and hold harmless each selling Warrantholder, any person who controls any selling Warrantholder within the meaning of the Act, and any Participating Underwriter against any losses, claims, damages, or liabilities, joint or several, to which any Warrantholder, controlling person, or Participating Underwriter may be subject under the Act or otherwise; and it will reimburse each Warrantholder, each controlling person, and each Participating Underwriter for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Warrantholder, controlling person, or Participating Underwriter in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability, or action, insofar as such losses, claims, damages, or liabilities, joint or several (or actions in respect thereof), arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained, on the effective date thereof, in any such registration statement or any preliminary prospectus or final prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; provided, however, that the Company will not be liable in any case to the extent that any loss, claim, damage, or liability arises out of or is based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in any registration statement, preliminary prospectus, final prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished by a Warrantholder for use in the preparation thereof. The indemnity agreement contained in this subparagraph (a) will not apply to amounts paid to any claimant in settlement of any suit or claim unless such payment is first approved by the Company, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld. (b) Each selling Warrantholder, as a condition of the Company's registration obligation, will indemnify and hold harmless the Company, each of its directors, each of its officers who have signed any registration statement or other filing or any amendment or supplement thereto, and any person who controls the Company within the meaning of the Act, against any losses, claims, damages, or liabilities to which the Company or any such director, officer, or controlling person may become subject under the Act or otherwise, and will reimburse any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Company or any such director, officer, or controlling person in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability, or action, insofar as such losses, claims, damages, or liabilities (or actions in respect 7 thereof) arise out of or are based upon any untrue or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in said registration statement, any preliminary or final prospectus, or other filing, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or the alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, but only to the extent that such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in said registration statement, preliminary or final prospectus, or other filing, or amendment or supplement, in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished by such Warrantholder for use in the preparation thereof; provided, however, that the indemnity agreement contained in this subparagraph (b) will not apply to amounts paid to any claimant in settlement of any suit or claim unless such payment is first approved by the Warrantholder, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld. (c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under subparagraphs (a) or (b) above of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against an indemnifying party, notify the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof; but the omission to notify the indemnifying party will not relieve it from any liability that it may have to any indemnified party otherwise than under subparagraphs (a) and (b). (d) If any such action is brought against any indemnified party and it notifies an indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party will be entitled to participate in, and, to the extent that it may wish, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel satisfactory to such indemnified party; and after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of its election to assume the defense thereof, the indemnifying party will not be liable to such indemnified party for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by such indemnified party in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation. 8. RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER. This Warrant Certificate and the Warrant may not be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged, or hypothecated, or be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put, or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of the securities by any person for a period of 180 days immediately following the Effective Date, except as permitted in subparagraph (g)(2) of the Corporate Financing Rule. The Warrant may be divided or combined, upon request to the Company by the Warrantholder, into a certificate or certificates evidencing the same aggregate number of Warrants. 9. NO RIGHTS AS A SHAREHOLDER. Except as otherwise provided herein, the Warrantholder will not, by virtue of ownership of the Warrant, be entitled to any rights of a shareholder of the Company but will, upon written request to the Company, be entitled to receive such quarterly or annual reports as the Company distributes to its shareholders. 10. NOTICE. Any notices required or permitted to be given hereunder will be in writing and may be served personally or by mail; and if served will be addressed as follows: 8 If to the Company: Vaughan Foods, Inc. 216 N.E. 12th Street Moore, Oklahoma 73160 Attention: Chief Executive Officer If to the Warrantholder: at the address furnished by the Warrantholder to the Company for the purpose of notice. Any notice so given by mail will be deemed effectively given 48 hours after mailing when deposited in the United States mail, registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid and addressed as specified above. Any party may by written notice to the other specify a different address for notice purposes. 11. APPLICABLE LAW. This Warrant Certificate will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Oregon, without reference to conflict of laws principles thereunder. All disputes relating to this Warrant Certificate shall be tried before the courts of Oregon located in Multnomah County, Oregon to the exclusion of all other courts that might have jurisdiction. Dated as of _______, 2006 VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. By: ________________________________ Name: Mark E. Vaughan Title: Chief Executive Officer Agreed and Accepted as of _______, 2006 PAULSON INVESTMENT COMPANY, INC. By: ________________________________ Name: Title: 9 EX-4.5 11 c44364_ex4-5.txt When Recorded Please Return to: Floyd Law Firm, P.C. P.O. Box 396 Norman, Oklahoma 73070 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ MORTGAGE AND LOAN AGREEMENT ------------------------------ Between VAUGHAN FOODS, INC., an Oklahoma Corporation, MORTGAGOR and CLEVELAND COUNTY INDUSTRIAL AUTHORITY, a public trust, MORTGAGEE ------------------------------ Dated as of December 1, 2004 ------------------------------ - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE OF CONTENTS ----------------- ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS.................................................................................2 ARTICLE II REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS...................................................3 Representations, Warranties and Covenants by the Issuer.....................................3 Representations, Warranties and Covenants by the Company....................................4 Environmental Representations and Covenants.................................................5 ARTICLE III SECURITY PROVISIONS: TERM OF THE LOAN AGREEMENT.............................................6 Security Provisions.........................................................................6 Term .......................................................................................7 ARTICLE IV FINANCING THE COST OF THE PROJECT: ISSUANCE OF THE SERIES 2004 BONDS .......................8 Agreement to Complete the Facilities........................................................8 Agreement to Issue the Series 2004 Bonds; Application of Bond Proceeds......................8 Disbursements From the Project Fund.........................................................8 Obligation of the Parties to Cooperate in Furnishing Documents to Trustee...................8 Investment of Moneys........................................................................8 Arbitrage and Tax Matters...................................................................9 Establishment of Completion Date............................................................9 Completion of the Facilities if Project Fund Insufficient...................................9 Plans and Specifications....................................................................9 Surety Bonds; Company to Pursue Remedies Against Contractors and Subcontractors and Their Sureties .........................................................10 ARTICLE V OBLIGATIONS; PROVISIONS FOR PAYMENT........................................................11 Loan Payments and Other Amounts Payable....................................................11 Payees of Payments.........................................................................12 Obligations of Company Hereunder Unconditional.............................................13 ARTICLE VI MAINTENANCE AND INSURANCE..................................................................14 Maintenance and Modifications of Facilities by Company.....................................14 Insurance .................................................................................14 ARTICLE VII CASUALTY LOSS AND CONDEMNATION.............................................................18 Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds........................................................18 SPECIAL COVENANTS .......................................................................................19 No Warranty of Condition or Suitability by the Issuer......................................19 Further Assurances.........................................................................19 Annual Audit ..............................................................................19 Financial Statements; Annual Budgets; Financial Covenants..................................19 Release and Indemnification Covenants......................................................19 Company Representative.....................................................................20 Leases and Operating Contracts.............................................................21 No Default Certificate.....................................................................21 Limitations on Creation of Liens...........................................................21 Limitations on Indebtedness................................................................22 Parity Indebtedness........................................................................25 Transfer of Assets.........................................................................26 Consolidation, Merger, Sale or Conveyance..................................................26
i Financial Statements; Annual Budgets; Financial Covenants..................................26 ARTICLE IX ASSIGNMENT AND PLEDGING OF LOAN AGREEMENT, REDEMPTION OF BONDS.............................28 Assignment by Company......................................................................28 Assignment and Pledge by Issuer............................................................28 Redemption of Bonds........................................................................28 ARTICLE X EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND REMEDIES.............................................................29 Events of Default Defined..................................................................29 Remedies on Default........................................................................30 No Remedy Exclusive........................................................................32 Agreement to Pay Attorneys' Fees and Expenses..............................................32 Waiver ....................................................................................32 Appointment of Receiver....................................................................33 Remedies Subject to Provisions of Law......................................................33 Waiver of Appraisement, Valuation, Stay, and Execution Laws................................33 Purchase of Property by Bondholder or Holder of Parity Indebtedness........................33 ARTICLE XI PREPAYMENT OF THE LOAN.....................................................................35 General Option to Prepay the Loan..........................................................35 Prepayment Credits.........................................................................35 Notice of Prepayment.......................................................................35 Use of Prepayment Moneys...................................................................35 ARTICLE XII MISCELLANEOUS..............................................................................36 Notices ...................................................................................36 Binding Effect ............................................................................36 Severability ..............................................................................36 Amounts Remaining in Funds.................................................................36 Amendments, Changes and Modifications......................................................37 Execution in-Counterparts..................................................................37 Governing Law .............................................................................37 Cancellation at Expiration of Term of Agreement............................................37 Recording .................................................................................37 No Pecuniary Liability of Issuer...........................................................37 Partial Release ...........................................................................37 General Release ...........................................................................38 Captions ..................................................................................38 Payments Due on Non-Business Day...........................................................38 Provision of General Application...........................................................38 EXHIBIT A SITE ...........................................................................................1 EXHIBIT B COSTS OF THE PROJECT............................................................................1 - ------------------------------ EXHIBIT C PERMITTED LIENS...............................................................................C-1
ii MORTGAGE AND LOAN AGREEMENT This MORTGAGE AND LOAN AGREEMENT (this "Loan Agreement"), dated as of December 1, 2004, between the CLEVELAND COUNTY INDUSTRIAL AUTHORITY, (the "Issuer"), a public trust, as Mortgagee and VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. (the "Company"), a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of Oklahoma, as Mortgagor. WITNESSETH: WHEREAS, the Company has requested that the Issuer finance the costs of acquisition, construction and equipping of certain manufacturing facilities and certain solid waste disposal facilities located within Moore, Cleveland County, Oklahoma, in accordance with this Loan Agreement which matures on December 1, 2024, and WHEREAS, Title 60 Oklahoma Statutes 2001 Section 176 et seq., as amended, (the "Act"), authorizes the Issuer to finance such costs; and WHEREAS, in order to finance such costs, the Issuer has issued its Cleveland County Industrial Authority Industrial Development Revenue Bonds (Vaughan Foods, Inc. Project) Series 2004 (the "Bonds") pursuant to and secured by an Indenture of Trust, dated as of December 1, 2004, (the "Indenture"), between the Issuer and J.P. Morgan Trust Company, National Association, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, as trustee, (the "Trustee"); and WHEREAS, the rights of the Issuer in this Loan Agreement are hereby assigned by the Issuer to the Trustee pursuant to an Assignment of Mortgage, dated as of December 1, 2004; and WHEREAS, the Issuer proposes to loan to the Company and the Company desires to borrow from the Issuer the proceeds of the Bonds upon the terms and conditions hereinafter in this Loan Agreement set forth; and WHEREAS, the Company has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company to grant and create the mortgage and security interests with respect to the real property described in Exhibit A hereto (the "Site"), for the benefit of the holder of the Bonds, all as defined and more fully set forth herein. NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants hereinafter contained, the parties hereto formally covenant, agree and bind themselves as follows: 1 ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS All terms not defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in Article I of the Indenture. 2 ARTICLE II REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS Section 2.1 REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS BY THE ISSUER. The Issuer represents, covenants and warrants for the benefit of the Company, the Trustee and the Bondholders that: (1) the Issuer is an Oklahoma public trust, duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of Oklahoma, is authorized pursuant to the Act to enter into the transactions contemplated by this Loan Agreement and the Indenture and to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder, and has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Loan Agreement and the Indenture; (2) consistent with the understanding between the Issuer and the Company, the Issuer will loan the Company the proceeds of the Bonds to provide for the financing of the Project; (3) the Issuer hereby finds that the financing of the Project is in the public interest; (4) to finance the Project, the Issuer will issue the Bonds in the aggregate principal amount of $5,000,000. The Bonds shall mature, bear interest, be subject to redemption prior to maturity, be secured and have such other terms and conditions as are set forth in the Indenture; (5) neither the execution and delivery of this Loan Agreement or the Indenture, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby nor the fulfillment of or compliance with the terms and conditions of this Loan Agreement or the Indenture conflicts with or results in a breach of any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any restriction or any agreement or instrument to which the Issuer is now a party or by which it is bound or constitutes a default under any of the foregoing or results in the creation or imposition of any prohibited lien, charge or encumbrance of any nature whatsoever upon any of the property or assets of the Issuer under the terms of any instrument or agreement; (6) the Issuer hereby acknowledges the Company's estimate of the total Cost of the Project set forth in Exhibit B hereto; (7) the Bonds are to be issued under and secured by the Indenture pursuant to which certain of the Issuer's interest in this Loan Agreement will be pledged and assigned to the Trustee as security for payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Bonds; and (8) the issuance of the Bonds was approved by the Cleveland County Board of County Commissioners on behalf of which the Bonds were issued after a public hearing following reasonable public notice. 3 Section 2.2 REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS BY THE COMPANY. The Company represents, warrants and covenants for the benefit of the Issuer, the Trustee and the Bondholders, that: (1) the Company is a corporation duly organized and in good standing under the laws of the State of Oklahoma, is authorized by the laws of the State applicable as of the date hereof to provide and operate the Project has power to enter into and to perform and observe the covenants and agreements on its part contained in this Loan Agreement and the Tax Certificates and by proper action has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Loan Agreement and the Tax Certificates; (2) neither the execution and delivery of this Loan Agreement and the Tax Certificates, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby nor the fulfillment of or compliance with the terms and conditions of this Loan Agreement and the Tax Certificates violates any law or conflicts with or results in a breach of any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any restriction or any agreement or instrument to which the Company is now a party or by which it is bound or constitutes a default under any of the foregoing or results in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance of any nature whatsoever upon any of the property or assets of the Company under the terms of any instrument or agreement except for the Indenture and other Permitted Liens; (3) the total Cost of the Project is hereby determined to be not less than $5,000,000, and the financing of such cost by the Issuer will assist the Company in providing manufacturing and solid waste disposal facilities; (4) the Company intends to operate or to cause its Facilities to be operated and to use the Improvements in connection therewith to the expiration of the term of this Loan Agreement pursuant to the Act; (5) as of the date of this Loan Agreement, there is no litigation or legal or governmental action, proceeding, inquiry or investigation pending or threatened by governmental authority or to which the Company is a party or of which any property of the Company is subject, which would, if determined adversely to the Company, materially adversely affect the transactions contemplated hereby; (6) the Company has or shall have good and marketable title to the Site, free from all encumbrances except Permitted Liens as set forth in Exhibit "C" herein, and such title shall remain in the Company so long as the Bonds remain Outstanding, except as otherwise provided herein; (7) the Company has obtained, or will obtain on or before the date required therefor, all licenses, authorizations, permits and approvals from applicable local, state and federal governmental agencies necessary to construct the Improvements and to operate the Improvements as manufacturing facilities contemplated by this Loan Agreement. The Company knows of no reason that such licenses, authorizations, permits and approvals will not be issued or issued in a timely manner; 4 (8) the Company is in possession of a Phase One Environmental Assessment which was performed on the Site, and such assessment has not revealed any contamination of the Site or any violation of any rules or regulations of the Environmental Protection Agency or any other environmental protection rule or regulation of any federal, state or local agency; (9) no improvements located or to be located in the building set-back shown on the ALTA/ATSM Land Title Survey prepared with respect to the Site are used or shall be used in the business operations of the Company. Section 2.3 ENVIRONMENTAL REPRESENTATIONS AND COVENANTS. Except as may be described in the Phase I Environmental Site Assessment dated December 12, 2004, prepared by Greystone Environmental Services, Inc., with respect to the Site, neither the Company nor, to the Company's knowledge, any other Person has ever caused or permitted any Hazardous Material to be placed, held, located or disposed of on, under or at the Property, or any part thereof except in compliance with Environmental Laws. The Company hereby warrants and represents that, to the best of its knowledge, it has complied and, in the future, will comply in all material respects with all applicable Environmental Laws. None of the Property, has previously contained, and none of such properties now contain, any underground storage tanks (other than in compliance with all applicable Environmental Laws) and none has ever been used by the Company or by any other Person as a temporary or permanent storage or disposal site for any Hazardous Material. The Company has delivered to the Trustee all environmental reports, studies, audits and other data and information in the possession or control of the Company relating to the Property. If the Issuer or the Trustee reasonably suspects that any violation of the Environmental Laws is occurring involving the Property or if an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing which, with the passage of time or the giving of notice, or both, would constitute an Event of Default, the Issuer and the Trustee shall have the right, but no obligation, to conduct any tests or inspections of the Property, at the Company's expense (including, without limitation, soil and other tests, borings, sampling and monitoring) in order to determine compliance with Environmental Laws or the presence thereon or therein of Hazardous Material and to have access to the Property for such purposes. 5 ARTICLE III SECURITY PROVISIONS: TERM OF THE LOAN AGREEMENT Section 3.1 SECURITY PROVISIONS. In order to secure the payment of the Bonds and payment of all sums advanced under this Loan Agreement, including advances which may be made in the future and to secure the performance by the Company of all the covenants expressed or implied by this Loan Agreement (a) the Company does hereby grant, bargain, sell, convey and mortgage unto the Issuer its interest in the real property described in Exhibit A hereto (the "Site") and the improvements located or to be constructed thereon (the "Improvements," and together with the Site, the "Property"), and any fixtures or appurtenances now or hereafter erected thereon; together with all rents and leases, profits, royalties, minerals, geothermal resources, oil and gas rights and profits, easements and access rights, now owned or hereafter acquired by the Company, used, belonging to, or in any way connected with the Property, all of which are declared to be a part of said Property, and all the rights, privileges, benefits, hereditaments and appurtenances in any way belonging, incidental or appertaining to the Property (other than equipment hereafter acquired), subject to Permitted Liens as described in Section 8.10 hereof, and (b) the Company hereby pledges to and grants to the Issuer a present security interest, within the meaning of the Oklahoma Uniform Commercial Code and to the extent permitted by law, in (i) the Pledged Revenues, (ii) all of its right, title and interest, if any, in the Funds (other than the Rebate Fund), (iii) any trust accounts referred to in this Loan Agreement or in the Indenture, (iv) all tangible personal property, furniture, machinery and equipment of the Company, now owned by the Company and located on the Site (the "Equipment"), and (v) inventory of the Company located on the Site, in each case subject to Permitted Liens and subject to liens and security interests of record as of the date of execution hereof, excluding from such pledge and security interest all patents, trademarks, copyrights, licenses and similar proprietary rights of the Company now owned or hereafter acquired, to the extent the same constitute "collateral" within the meaning of Section 3.3 hereof ." This pledge shall be valid and binding from and after the date of the first delivery of any of the Bonds. To the extent any assets pledged pursuant to this Loan Agreement consist of rights of action or personal property, this Loan Agreement constitutes a security agreement and financing statement and is intended when recorded to create a perfected security interest in such assets in favor of the Issuer. The Company shall file financing statements from time to time relating to this Loan Agreement in such manner and at such places as may be required by law fully to protect the security of the Bondholders and the right, title and interest of the Trustee in and to the Trust Estate or any part thereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall be entitled to pledge any accounts receivable or inventory, or both,, on a basis senior to the pledge herein provided, to secure the payment of Indebtedness in the form of a revolving credit or similar agreement in a maximum principal amount equal to 80% of such accounts receivable. In addition, the Company shall be entitled to pledge purchase order receipts from Approved Purchasers and to pledge inventory with respect thereto on a basis senior to the pledge herein provided, to secure the payment of Indebtedness in a maximum principal amount equal to 95% of the principal amount of such purchase orders. 6 The Trustee, as assignee of the Issuer pursuant to the Assignment, will execute such subordination or similar agreements as reasonably requested by the Company with respect to any such accounts receivable or inventory pledge. Section 3.2 TERM. This Loan Agreement shall remain in full force and effect from the date of delivery hereof until such time as all of the Bonds shall have been fully paid or provision is made for such payment pursuant to the Indenture and all reasonable and necessary fees and expenses of the Trustee accrued and to accrue through final payment of the Bonds, all fees and expenses of the Issuer accrued and to accrue through final payment of the Bonds and all other liabilities of the Company accrued and to accrue through final payment of the Bonds under this Loan Agreement and the Indenture have been paid or provision is made for such payments pursuant to the Indenture. 7 ARTICLE IV FINANCING THE COST OF THE FACILITIES: ISSUANCE OF THE BONDS Section 4.1 AGREEMENT TO COMPLETE THE FACILITIES. The Company agrees that it will acquire, construct, improve and equip the Facilities described in Exhibit B. Section 4.2 AGREEMENT TO ISSUE THE BONDS; APPLICATION OF BOND PROCEEDS. In order to provide funds to make the Loan for payment of the Project, the Issuer will sell and cause to be delivered to the initial purchaser thereof the Bonds. Section 4.3 DISBURSEMENTS FROM THE PROJECT FUND. The Issuer has, in the Indenture, authorized and directed the Trustee to make payments from the Project Fund to pay (or to reimburse the Company for the payment of) the Cost of the Project, including costs related to the design, planning, acquisition, construction, improvement, equipment and operation of the Facilities. Each such payment of the Cost of the Project related thereto shall be made only upon receipt by the Trustee of a requisition signed by the Company Representative showing the payment to be necessary and reasonable and stating (i) the requisition number, (ii) the name and address of the person, firm or corporation to whom payment is due or was made, (iii) the amount to be paid or for which reimbursement is sought, (iv) that none of the items for which the payment or reimbursement is proposed to be made has been the subject of any payment or reimbursement theretofore made from the Project Fund, (v) the nature of each item for which the payment or reimbursement is proposed to be made and in connection with the Facilities described in Exhibit B, if applicable, that such item is or was reasonable and necessary in connection with the design, planning, acquisition, construction, improvement and equipping of the Facilities described in Exhibit B, and in all cases is a proper Cost of the Project and a proper charge against the Project Fund, and (vi) that upon payment or reimbursement of the amount requested in such requisition, the amount remaining in the Project Fund, together with other legally available moneys of the Company will be sufficient to pay the portion of the Cost of the Project relating to the design, planning, acquisition, construction, improving and equipping of the Facilities then unpaid. No disbursement requested in any requisition (other than with respect to equipment or working capital) shall be made by the Trustee unless there is attached to the requisition (a) lien waivers covering all work done and/or materials furnished in connection with the Improvements relating to any prior disbursement from the Project Fund for payment to contractors or materialmen. The Trustee may, but shall be under no obligation, to review such lien waivers. Section 4.4 OBLIGATION OF THE PARTIES TO COOPERATE IN FURNISHING DOCUMENTS TO TRUSTEE. The Company and the Issuer agree to cooperate with each other in furnishing to the Trustee the requisitions referred to in Sections 4.3 hereof. Such obligation of the Issuer shall not extend beyond the moneys in the Project Fund available for payment under the terms of the Indenture. Section 4.5 INVESTMENT OF MONEYS. Any moneys held as a part of the Funds shall be invested, reinvested and transferred to other Funds by the Trustee as provided in Article VI of the Indenture. 8 Section 4.6 ARBITRAGE AND TAX MATTERS. The Company hereby covenants and represents for the benefit of each owner of the Bonds and the Issuer that it will not make or permit any use of the proceeds of the Bonds or the moneys in the Funds or take any other action which will cause the Bonds to be "arbitrage bonds" within the meaning of Section 148 of the Code. The Company covenants that it will comply with the applicable requirements of Section 148 of the Code so long as any Bonds are Outstanding. The Company shall deliver to the Issuer certificates in such reasonable form as the Issuer shall specify upon which the Issuer may rely in furnishing the certificates required by Section 6.2 of the Indenture. The Company covenants and agrees to comply with the provisions of the Tax Certificates. Section 4.7 ESTABLISHMENT OF COMPLETION DATE. The Company covenants and agrees that, unless otherwise consented to by the holders of 100% of the principal amount of the Bonds it shall either (i) commence construction of the Improvements not later than July, 1, 2005, or (ii) provide notice to the Trustee that Bonds shall be redeemed in accordance with Section 5.2(c) of the Indenture. The Company agrees to provide to the Trustee a certificate with respect to completion of the Facilities on the Completion Date. The Company covenants that the acquisition, construction, improvement and equipping of the Facilities described in Exhibit B will be completed no later than September 1, 2006. Section 4.8 COMPLETION OF THE FACILITIES IF PROJECT FUND INSUFFICIENT. The Company acknowledges that the moneys in the Project Fund available for payment of the Cost of the Project may not be sufficient to pay the cost thereof in full, and agrees to complete the Facilities and to pay that portion of the cost of the Facilities in excess of the moneys available therefor in the Project Fund from any moneys legally available for such purpose. The Issuer does not make any warranty, either express or implied, that the moneys which will be paid into the Project Fund will be sufficient to pay all the cost of the Facilities. The Company shall not be entitled as a result of paying a portion of the Cost of the Project pursuant to this Section to any reimbursement therefor from the Issuer, the Trustee or from the owners of any Bonds, nor shall it be entitled to any diminution in or postponement of the payments required to be paid under this Loan Agreement. Section 4.9 PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS. Any Improvements which have not yet been completed shall be acquired, constructed, improved and equipped substantially in accordance with the plans and specifications therefor and any amendments thereto. The Company may revise the plans and specifications and the list of equipment to be acquired at any time prior to completion of the acquisition, construction, improvement and equipping of the Facilities described in Exhibit B, provided that (i) a Company Representative shall certify to the Trustee that the Facilities described in Exhibit B in accordance with the revised plans and specifications or equipment list will constitute a project permitted pursuant to the Act, (ii) such Facilities when completed in accordance with the revised plans and specifications or equipment list will not be materially inconsistent with the description attached as Exhibit B hereto, (iii) the Company shall comply with the requirements of subparagraph (a) of the following paragraph, and (iv) if applicable, evidence that the Company has sufficient funds to construct and equip such Facilities. 9 In addition, the Company may make revisions to the plans and specifications or equipment list which will cause the Facilities to be materially inconsistent with the description attached hereto as Exhibit B so long as the Company has obtained the prior written consent of a majority of the holders or Beneficial Owners of the Bonds and has provided the following to the Trustee and the Issuer: (a) if applicable, a construction budget and construction schedule for the completion of the Improvements; (b) an Opinion of Bond Counsel acceptable to the Issuer to the effect that such revisions will not adversely affect the validity of the Bonds or the exclusion of interest on the Bonds from gross income for federal income tax purposes; (c) a revised Exhibit B hereto; and (d) if applicable, evidence that the Company has sufficient funds to complete such Facilities (from any source). Section 4.10 SURETY BONDS; COMPANY TO PURSUE REMEDIES AGAINST CONTRACTORS AND SUBCONTRACTORS AND THEIR SURETIES. The Company shall secure from each contractor directly employed by the Company or from any subcontractor to such contractor in connection with the acquisition, construction, improvement and equipping of the Improvements under a contract or contracts totaling over $50,000 payment and performance bonds executed by a responsible surety company authorized to do business in the State of Oklahoma in a sum equal to the entire amount to become payable. Each bond shall be conditioned on the completion of the work under the contract with such general contractor in accordance with the plans and specifications and upon the payment of all claims of subcontractors and suppliers. A dual obligee rider in favor of the Issuer and the Trustee shall be obtained by the Company for each such bond obtained prior to and after the date of the delivery of the Bonds. Each such bond shall be delivered by the Company to the Trustee and the Issuer, promptly upon receipt thereof by the Company. In the event of a material default of any contractor or subcontractor under any contract in connection with the acquisition, construction, improvement and equipping of the Improvements or in the event of a material breach of warranty with respect to any material, workmanship or performance guaranty, the Company will promptly proceed to exhaust the remedies of the Company, the Issuer and the Trustee against the contractor, subcontractor or supplier in default and against any surety for the performance of such contract. The Company shall advise the Issuer and the Trustee of the steps it intends to take in connection with any such default. Any amounts recovered by way of damages, refunds, adjustments or otherwise in connection with the foregoing shall be paid into the Project Fund, net of legal fees and other reasonable collection costs, unless recovered after the Completion Date and full disposition of the Project Fund in accordance with the Indenture, in which case such amounts shall first be used to correct defects created by such default or breach of warranty or to reimburse the Company for amounts paid by the Company to correct such defects and, second, any excess shall be deposited in to the Bond Principal Fund. 10 ARTICLE V OBLIGATIONS; PROVISIONS FOR PAYMENT Section 5.1 LOAN PAYMENTS AND OTHER AMOUNTS PAYABLE. (a) As repayment of the Loan, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee, on the date of issuance of the Bonds, and thereafter not later than the 15th day of each month, commencing January 15, 2005, the Monthly Payment with respect to the following calendar month, in accordance with the Indenture, which amounts shall be applied to the payment of the Bonds at the times and in the manner provided in the Indenture. The Company shall be entitled to credit with respect to such Monthly Payments for any transfers to the Bond Principal Fund and Bond Interest Fund pursuant to Section 3.7(b) of the Indenture. (b) Upon any acceleration of amounts due under the Loan Agreement, the Company shall immediately pay as repayment of the Loan, for deposit in the Bond Principal Fund, the Bond Interest Fund and the Reserve Fund, an amount which, together with other moneys available under the Loan Agreement, is sufficient to pay the entire principal of and interest on the Bonds. (c) On or before any redemption date (other than a sinking fund redemption date) for which a notice of redemption has been given pursuant to the Indenture, the Company shall pay as repayment of the Loan, for deposit in the Bond Principal Fund, an amount which, together with other moneys available therefor in the Bond Principal Fund (and, if all Bonds are called for redemption, the Reserve Fund), is sufficient to pay the principal of and premium, if any, on the Bonds called for optional or mandatory redemption and for deposit into the Bond Interest Fund an amount of money which, together with other moneys available therefor in the Bond Interest Fund, is sufficient to pay the interest accrued to the redemption date on the Bonds called for optional or mandatory redemption. If on any principal or interest payment date on the Bonds or the date any other amounts are payable on the Bonds the amount held by the Trustee in the Bond Principal Fund and the Bond Interest Fund is insufficient to make the required payments of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Bonds, the Company shall forthwith pay such deficiency as repayment of the Loan for deposit in the Bond Principal Fund or the Bond Interest Fund, as the case may be. (d) At the option of the Company Representative, so long as no Event of Default has occurred or is occurring, to be exercised by delivery of a written certificate to the Trustee and the Issuer not less than 45 days next preceding the applicable sinking fund redemption date, it may (i) deliver to the Trustee for cancellation Bonds in an aggregate principal amount desired by the Company Representative or (ii) specify a principal amount of such Bonds which prior to said date have been redeemed (otherwise than through the operation of the applicable sinking fund) and canceled by the Trustee and not theretofore applied as a credit against the respective sinking fund redemption obligation. Each such Bond so delivered or previously redeemed shall be credited by the Trustee at 100 percent of the principal amount thereof against the obligation of the Company on such respective sinking fund redemption date for Bonds and any excess over such amounts shall be credited against future sinking fund redemption obligations for such Bonds as directed by the Company Representative. In the event the Company Representative shall avail itself of the 11 provisions of clause (i) of the first sentence of this paragraph, the certificate required by the first sentence of this paragraph shall be accompanied by the Bonds to be canceled. (e) The Company shall deposit the following amounts to the Reserve Fund: (i) on the date of issuance of the Bonds $500,000 from proceeds of the Bonds; and (ii) in the event any moneys in the Reserve Fund are transferred to the Bond Principal Fund or the Bond Interest Fund pursuant to the Indenture, or to the Rebate Fund pursuant to the Indenture, or in the event the valuation of the amounts in the Reserve Fund required by the Indenture reveals there is an amount less than the Reserve Requirement on deposit in the Reserve Fund, the Company shall deposit, on the first day of each month following such transfer or valuation, substantially equal monthly payments into the Reserve Fund to cause the total amount in the Reserve Fund to equal the Reserve Requirement not later than the next succeeding Interest Payment Date. (f) The Company agrees to pay to the Trustee and the Issuer, respectively, as an Operating Expense, the reasonable and necessary fees and expenses of the Trustee and the Issuer, respectively, including the reasonable fees and other costs incurred for the services of any paying agent or engineers, architects, attorneys, management consultants, accountants and other consultants employed by the Trustee or the Issuer to make examinations and reports, provide services and render opinions required under the Loan Agreement or the Indenture, plus the Company agrees to pay to the appropriate party the fees and expenses of any rebate analyst selected by the Trustee as provided in the Indenture, as and when the same become due, upon submission of a statement therefor. (g) The Company agrees to pay to the Trustee as an Operating Expense all amounts to be deposited to the Rebate Fund, as and when the same become due as determined pursuant to the Indenture, to the extent there are no other amounts available to make such deposits, and to cause the Trustee to apply such funds in compliance with the terms of the Indenture. (h) The Company agrees to pay as an Operating Expense all costs and expenses which may be incurred in connection with any removal or substitution of the Trustee and the appointment of any successor trustee. (i) The Company agrees to pay annual administration fee to the Issuer in an amount equal to one-eighth of one percent of the amount of Bonds outstanding as of December 1 of each year, commencing December 1, 2005. This administration fee shall be payable on or before December 31 of each year commencing December 31, 2005, at the mailing address of the Issuer. In addition, the Company agrees to pay the Projects' pro rata share of the Issuer's annual audit expenses, same to be remitted to the Issuer upon receipt of an invoice from the Issuer. Section 5.2 PAYEES OF PAYMENTS. The Payments provided for in Section 5.1(a), (b) and (c) hereof shall be paid in funds immediately available in the city in which the designated office of the Trustee is located directly to the Trustee for the account of the Issuer and shall be deposited as therein provided. The Payments provided for in Section 5.1(e) hereof shall be paid in funds 12 immediately available in the city in which the designated office of the Trustee is located directly to the Trustee for the benefit of the Bondholders and shall be deposited in the Reserve Fund. The payments to be made under Section 5.1(d), (g) and (h) hereof shall be paid directly to the payee for its own use. Section 5.3 OBLIGATIONS OF COMPANY HEREUNDER UNCONDITIONAL. The obligations of the Company to make the payments required in Section 5.1 hereof and to perform and observe the other agreements on its part contained herein shall be absolute and unconditional. The Company (i) will not suspend or discontinue, or permit the suspension or discontinuance of, any payments provided for in Section 5.1 hereof, (ii) will perform and observe all of its other agreements contained in this Loan Agreement, and (iii) except as provided in Article XI hereof, will not terminate this Loan Agreement for any cause including, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, failure to acquire, construct, improve and equip the Improvements, any acts or circumstances that may constitute failure of consideration, eviction or constructive eviction, destruction of or damage to its solid waste disposal or manufacturing facilities, commercial frustration of purpose, or change in the tax or other laws or administrative rulings of or administrative actions by the United States of America or the State of Oklahoma or any political subdivision of either, any failure of the Issuer to perform and observe any agreement, whether express or implied, or any duty, liability, or obligation arising out of or connected with this Loan Agreement, whether express or implied, or any failure of the Trustee to perform and observe any agreement, whether express or implied, or any duty, liability or obligation arising out of or connected with the Indenture, whether express or implied. Nothing contained in this Section shall be construed to release the Issuer from the performance of any agreements on its part herein contained, and if the Issuer shall fail to perform any such agreement, the Company may institute such action against the Issuer as the Company may deem necessary to compel performance, provided that no such action shall violate the agreements on the part of the Company contained herein. The Company may, however, at its own cost and expense and in its own name or in the name of the Issuer, prosecute or defend any action or proceeding or take any other action involving third persons which the Company deems reasonably necessary in order to secure or protect its right of possession, occupancy and use of its solid waste disposal or manufacturing facilities, and in such event the Issuer hereby agrees to cooperate fully with the Company (without expense to the Issuer). 13 ARTICLE VI MAINTENANCE AND INSURANCE Section 6.1 MAINTENANCE AND MODIFICATIONS . The Company agrees that during the term of this Loan Agreement its Property, Plant and Equipment shall be operated and maintained in substantial compliance with all laws, building codes, ordinances and regulations and zoning laws as shall be applicable to the Property, Plant and Equipment. The Company agrees that during the term of this Loan Agreement it will at its own expense (i) keep the Property, Plant and Equipment in as reasonably safe condition as its operations permit and (ii) keep the Property, Plant and Equipment in good repair and in good operating condition, making from time to time all necessary repairs thereto (including external and structural repairs) and renewals and replacements thereof. The Company may also at its own expense, make from time to time any additions, modifications or improvements to the Property, Plant and Equipment it may deem desirable for its purposes that do not adversely affect the structural integrity of any building or substantially reduce its value or impair the character of its use permitted pursuant to the Act, provided that all such additions, modifications, renovations, repairs and improvements made by the Company shall become a part of the Property, Plant and Equipment; provided, however, that nothing in this subsection shall prevent the Company from ceasing to operate any immaterial portion of the Property, Plant and Equipment. The Company hereby covenants and agrees that it shall not construct any improvements or install any equipment on any portion of the Property, located within a federally-designated flood hazard zone unless and until such property shall be insured against loss or damage by flood in accordance with Section 6.2(a) hereof. Section 6.2 INSURANCE. (a) Throughout the term of this Loan Agreement, the Company will keep the Property, (or cause the Property to be kept) continuously insured against such risks as are customarily insured against with respect to property similar to the Property by businesses of like size and type, paying as the same becomes due all premiums in respect thereto, including but not necessarily limited to: (i) Insurance to the full insurable value of the Property, Plant and Equipment of the Company as determined by the Company sufficient to prevent the Company from being a co-issuer (and in no event less than the principal amount of the Bonds Outstanding from time to time), against loss or damage by fire, lightning and flood (if the Property is located within a federally-designated flood hazard zone) and such other risks and matters, including without limitation, rental loss, public liability and boiler insurance, with uniform standard extended coverage endorsement limited only as may be provided in the standard form of extended coverage endorsement at that time customarily used in the State where such property is located, provided that the insurance required by this subsection may contain a deductible provision and be in amounts which in the opinion of an Insurance Consultant is normal and reasonable. (ii) General public liability insurance against claims for bodily injury, death or property damage occurring on, in or about the Property and the adjoining streets, sidewalks and passageways, such insurance to afford protection of the type and in an amount which in the opinion of an Insurance Consultant is normal and reasonable with respect to bodily injury and property damage. 14 (iii) Rental or business interruption insurance against abatement of rent resulting from fire or other casualty in an amount not less than $1,000,000, with the proceeds from such rental or business interruption insurance being payable to the Company and the Trustee, as their respective interest may appear. (iv) Worker's compensation insurance as required by law. (b) In addition, the Company shall provide to the Trustee, within 90 days of the date of issuance of the Bonds, Key-man insurance with respect to Mark Vaughan, in the amount of $1,000,000. (c) All policies of insurance shall be issued by an insurer authorized to do business in the State where the respective property is located having a rating of at least A:6 in Best's Key Rating Guide. Not later than 30 days prior to the expiration date of each of the insurance policies, the Company will deliver to the Trustee satisfactory evidence of the renewal of each of the policies. If at any time the Issuer is not in receipt of written evidence that all insurance required hereunder is in full force and effect, the Issuer will have the right without notice to the Company to take such action as the Issuer deems necessary to protect its interest in the Property, including without limitation the obtaining of such insurance coverage as the Trustee in its sole discretion deems appropriate, and all expenses incurred by the Trustee in connection with such action or in obtaining such insurance and keeping it in effect will be paid by the Company to the Trustee upon demand; provided, however, that if that the Trustee takes any such action, the Issuer shall give the Company notice of such action within five Business Days thereof. (d) All of the insurance policies required pursuant to this Section 6.2 will (i) contain a standard noncontributory form of mortgage clause (in favor of the Trustee and entitling the Trustee to collect any and all proceeds payable under such insurance), as well as a standard waiver of subrogation endorsement, and in the case of such liability policy, name the Trustee as an additional insured, all to be in form and substance satisfactory to the Trustee; (ii) provide, to the extent obtainable, that such policies may not be canceled or amended to diminish the coverage thereunder without at least 30 days prior written notice to the Trustee; and (iii) provide that no act, omission or negligence of the Company, or its agents, servants or employees, or of any tenant under any lease, which might otherwise result in a forfeiture of such insurance or any part thereof, shall in any way affect the validity or enforceability of such insurance insofar as the Issuer is concerned. The Company will not carry separate insurance, concurrent in kind or form or contributing in the event of loss, with any insurance required under this Section 6.2. The Company shall retain an Insurance Consultant to review the insurance requirements of the Company at the date of issuance of the Bonds and from time to time thereafter (but not less frequently than every two years) and to cause a certificate to be delivered to the Trustee and to the Bondholders as to whether the insurance being maintained is in compliance with the requirements of this Section. If the Insurance Consultant makes recommendations for the increase of any coverage, the Company shall increase or cause to be increased such coverage in accordance with such recommendations, to the extent that the Governing Body of the Company determines in good faith 15 that such recommendations are in the best interests of the Company. If the Insurance Consultant makes recommendations for the decrease or elimination of any coverage, the Company may decrease or eliminate such coverage in accordance with such recommendations, to the extent that the Governing Body of the Company determines in good faith that such recommendations are in the best interest of the Company. Notwithstanding anything in this Section to the contrary, the Company shall have the right, without giving rise to an Event of Default solely on such account, (i) to maintain insurance coverage below that most recently recommended by the Insurance Consultant, if the Company furnishes to the Trustee a report of the Insurance Consultant to the effect that the insurance so provided affords either the greatest amount of coverage available for the risk being insured against at rates which in the judgment of the Insurance Consultant are reasonable in connection with reasonable and appropriate risk management, or the greatest amount of coverage necessary by reason of state or federal laws now or hereafter in existence; or (ii) to adopt alternative risk management programs which the Insurance Consultant determines to be reasonable, including, without limitation, to self-insure in whole or in part individually or in connection with other institutions, to participate in programs of captive insurance companies, to participate with other solid waste disposal and manufacturing companies in mutual or other cooperative insurance or other risk management programs, to participate in state or federal insurance programs, or to establish or participate in other alternative risk management programs; all as may be approved by the Insurance Consultant as reasonable and appropriate risk management by the Company. If the Company shall be self-insured for any coverage, the report of the Insurance Consultant mentioned above shall state whether the anticipated funding of any self-insurance fund is actuarially sound, and if not, the required funding to produce such result and such coverage shall be reviewed by the Insurance Consultant not less frequently than annually. Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Section, the Company shall not self-insure (other than with respect to reasonable deductibles certified as such in an Officer's Certificate of the Company Representative) or otherwise participate in programs described in (ii) above with respect to any insurance against loss or damage to the Property, Plant and Equipment by fire, lightning, vandalism, malicious mischief or other casualty or with respect to boiler insurance and provided further that, the Company shall not self-insure if such self-insurance has a material adverse effect on reimbursement from any third party payor unless its Governing Body shall have determined in good faith, evidenced by a resolution of the Governing Body, that such self-insurance is in the best interests of the Company and the Company has given prior notice of such self-insurance to the Trustee and the Bondholders. The Company Representative shall deliver to the Trustee (i) upon execution and delivery of this Loan Agreement, the originals or certified copies thereof of all insurance policies (or certificates thereof) which the Company is required to maintain pursuant to this Section, together with a Certificate of the Company Representative that payment of all premiums then due thereon has been made, (ii) at least 30 days prior to the expiration of any such policies evidence as to the renewal thereof, if then required by this Section or the terms of such policies, and an Officer's Certificate of the Company Representative that payment of all premiums then due with respect thereto has been made, and (iii) promptly upon request by the Trustee, but in any case within 90 days after the end of each calendar year, a certificate of the Company Representative setting forth the particulars as to all insurance policies maintained by the Company pursuant to this Section and certifying that such 16 insurance policies are in full force and effect, that such policies comply with the provisions of this Section and that all premiums then due thereon have been paid. 17 ARTICLE VII CASUALTY LOSS AND CONDEMNATION Section 7.1 INSURANCE AND CONDEMNATION PROCEEDS. In the event that damage or destruction to the Property or any portion thereof occurs such that claims for loss do not exceed $100,000 or in the event title to or the temporary use of the Property, or any portion thereof, will be taken under the exercise of the power of eminent domain and the Net Proceeds from any condemnation award are less than $100,000, the Net Proceeds of insurance resulting from such claims or from any such condemnation award will be paid to the Company and will be used for such purposes as the Company, in its discretion, may deem appropriate. In the event that any damage or destruction is such that claims for loss are between $100,000 and $1,000,000, both inclusive, or the Net Proceeds from any condemnation award are between $100,000 and $1,000,000, both inclusive, the Net Proceeds of insurance resulting from such claims or from any such condemnation award will be paid to the Company and used by the Company with the consent of a Significant Bondholder either to redeem Bonds or to repair, rebuild, restore or replace the property. In the event that any damage or destruction is such that claims for loss exceed $1,000,000, or the Net Proceeds from any condemnation award exceed $1,000,000, the Net Proceeds of insurance resulting from such claims or from any such condemnation award will be held by the Trustee, and the Company will elect to have the Net Proceeds received applied to either the redemption of the Bonds or to repair, rebuild, restore or replace the property. If the Company elects the latter option, then the Net Proceeds will be paid by the Trustee from a separate account, from time to time, upon evidence of the expenditures therefor, upon receipt of a certificate of an Independent Architect. The Company may elect to redeem less than all of the Bonds only if (a) the property damaged, destroyed or condemned is not essential to the Company's use or occupancy of the Property; (b) the Property has been restored to a condition substantially equivalent to their condition prior to such damage, destruction or condemnation; or (c) suitable replacement property has been acquired for the Company's operations. 18 ARTICLE VIII SPECIAL COVENANTS Section 8.1 NO WARRANTY OF CONDITION OR SUITABILITY BY THE ISSUER. The Issuer makes no warranty, either express or implied, as to the condition of the Facilities, or that they will be suitable for the purposes or needs of the Company. Section 8.2 FURTHER ASSURANCES. The Issuer and the Company agree that they will, from time to time, execute, acknowledge and deliver, or cause to be executed, acknowledge and delivered, such supplements hereto and such further instruments as may reasonably be required for carrying out the intention of or facilitating the performance of this Loan Agreement. Section 8.3 ANNUAL AUDIT. The Company will have the books and records of the Company audited annually, and shall furnish within 120 days after the end of each Fiscal Year to the Issuer, the Notice Beneficial Owners, the Underwriter and the Trustee a copy of the audit report certified by independent public accountants. Section 8.4 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS; ANNUAL BUDGETS. The Company agrees that it will maintain proper books of records and accounts of its Property, Plant and Equipment with full, true and correct entries of all of its dealings in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that it will furnish to the Trustee, the Underwriter and Notice Beneficial Owners quarterly financial statements within 45 days after the close of each such quarter, including a statement of income in comparative form, to the extent practicable, with the financial figures from the corresponding period in the preceding Fiscal Year and a balance sheet as of the end of each such period and of the preceding fiscal year. Section 8.5 RELEASE AND INDEMNIFICATION COVENANTS. The Company agrees to protect and defend the Issuer, its former, present and future trustees and each person, if any, who has the power, directly or indirectly, to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies, now or hereafter, of the Issuer and to protect and defend the Trustee, its officers, employees and agents (collectively, the "Indemnified Parties" and individually, the "Indemnified Party") and further agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Indemnified Parties from and against any and all liabilities, losses, damages, costs, expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees and court costs, including those for post-judgment and appellate proceedings), judgments, claims, demands, suits, actions or other proceedings of whatsoever kind or nature (including, without limitation, those in any manner directly or indirectly arising or resulting from, out of or in connection with any injury to, or death of any person or and damage to property but excluding those arising or resulting from any intentional misrepresentation or any willful and wanton misconduct of the Indemnified Party or Indemnified Parties) in any manner directly or indirectly (in any case, whether or not by the Company, or its successors and assigns, or directly or indirectly through the agents, contractors, employees, licensees or otherwise of the Company, or its successors and assigns) by any person or entity whatsoever except the Issuer or the Trustee, arising or purportedly arising from this Loan Agreement, the Indenture, the Bonds, the initial and any subsequent offers and sales of the Bonds, the Tax 19 Certificates or the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, the Project and the ownership or the operation by the Company of the Property, Plant and Equipment the breach or violation of its or any material inaccuracy or material omission in any agreement, covenant, representation or warranty of the Company set forth herein or in any document delivered pursuant hereto, the presence of any Hazardous Material or underground storage tanks on or under the Property, Plant and Equipment or any escape, seepage, leakage, spillage, discharge, emission or release of any Hazardous Material from the Property, Plant and Equipment, any liens against the Property permitted under or imposed by any Environmental Laws, or any violation or actual or asserted liability or obligations of the Company under any Environmental Laws, regardless of whether or not caused by, or within the control of, the Company, any actual or asserted liability or obligations of the aforesaid persons under any Environmental Law relating to the Property, Plant and Equipment, regardless of whether or not caused by, or within the control of, the Company or any action or failure to act by an Indemnified Party or Indemnified Parties with respect to any of the foregoing. The Company releases the Issuer and all former, present and future trustees and other agents of the Issuer, and the Trustee from, agrees that the Issuer and the Trustee and all former, present and future directors, members, servants, officers, employees and other agents of the Issuer and the Trustee shall not be liable for, and agrees to hold the Issuer and all former, present and future trustees and other agents of the Issuer and the Trustee harmless against, any expense or damages incurred because of any lawsuit commenced as a result of action taken by the Issuer, and the Trustee or their former, present and future trustees or other agents (except for any intentional misrepresentation or willful and wanton misconduct of the aforesaid) with respect to this Loan Agreement, the Indenture, the Bonds, the Tax Certificates, the Project or the Property, Plant and Equipment and the Issuer and the Trustee shall promptly give written notice to the Company with respect thereto. All covenants, stipulations, promises, agreements and obligations of the Issuer contained herein shall be deemed to be the covenants, stipulations, promises, agreements and obligations of the Issuer and not of any former, present or future trustees or other agent of the Issuer in his or her individual capacity, and no recourse shall be had for the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Bonds or for any claim based thereon or hereunder against any former, present or future trustees or other agent of the Issuer or any natural person executing the Bonds. The indemnification arising under this Section shall continue in full force and effect notwithstanding the full payment of all obligations under this Loan Agreement or the termination of this Loan Agreement for any reason. Section 8.6 COMPANY REPRESENTATIVE. Whenever, under the provisions of this Loan Agreement, the Tax Certificates or the Indenture, the approval or direction of the Company is required, or the Issuer or the Trustee is required to take some action at the request of the Company, such approval or such request shall be made by the Company Representative unless otherwise specified in this Loan Agreement, the Tax Certificates or the Indenture. The Issuer or the Trustee shall be authorized to act on any such approval or request and the Company shall have no complaint against the Issuer or the Trustee as a result of any such action taken in accordance with such approval or request. The execution of any document or certificate required under the provisions of this Loan Agreement, the Tax Certificates or the Indenture by the Company Representative shall be 20 on behalf of the Company and shall not result in any personal liability of such Company Representative. Section 8.7 LEASES AND OPERATING CONTRACTS. The Company may lease (as lessor) any part of the Property from which it derives revenues or contract for the performance by others of operations or services on or in connection with the Property from which it derives revenues, or any part thereof, for any lawful purpose, provided that (i) the Trustee shall receive written notice of such lease or contract if such lease or contract has a value in excess of $250,000 or a duration longer than six months, (ii) each such lease or contract shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of the Indenture or this Loan Agreement, (iii) the Company shall remain fully obligated and responsible under this Loan Agreement to the same extent as if such lease or contract had not been executed, and (iv) no such lease or operating contract shall adversely affect the validity of the Bonds or the exclusion of interest on the Bonds from gross income for federal and state income tax purposes. The Trustee shall request the Company to deliver an Opinion of Bond Counsel addressed to the Trustee relating to the matters set forth in (iv) if the Company enters into a lease or operating contract covered by this Section 8.7. Section 8.8 NO DEFAULT CERTIFICATE. Within 150 days after the end of each Fiscal Year, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee a certificate of the Company Representative stating that no Event of Default under Section 10.1 hereof has occurred and is continuing and that he has no knowledge of an event which, with the passage of time or the giving of notice, or both, would constitute an Event of Default under Section 10.1 hereof, respectively, or describing any such Event of Default or event known to the Company. Section 8.9 [INTENTIONALLY OMITTED] Section 8.10 LIMITATIONS ON CREATION OF LIENS. (a) The Company agrees that it will not create or suffer to be created or permit the existence of any Lien on any tangible or intangible assets of the Company mortgaged or pledged pursuant hereto other than Permitted Liens, as described in clause (b) of this Section. (b) Permitted Liens shall consist of the following: (1) Liens arising by reason of good faith deposits with the Company in connection with leases of real estate, bids or contracts (other than contracts for the payment of money), deposits by the Company to secure public or statutory obligations, or to secure or in lieu of surety, stay or appeal bonds. and deposits as security for the payment of taxes or assessments or other similar charges; (2) any Lien arising by reason of deposits with, or the giving of any form of security to, any governmental agency or any body created or approved by law or governmental regulation for any purpose at any time as required by law or governmental regulation as a condition to the transaction of any business or the exercise of any privilege or license, or to enable the Company to maintain self-insurance or to participate in any funds established to cover any insurance losses or in connection with workers' compensation, unemployment insurance, pension or 21 profit sharing plans or other social security, or to share in the privileges or benefits required for companies participating in such arrangements; (3) any judgment lien against the Company so long as such judgment is being contested in good faith and execution thereon is stayed and it will not materially interfere with or materially impair the operations conducted on the Property, Plant and Equipment; (4) (A) rights reserved to or vested in any municipality or public authority by the terms of any right, power, franchise, grant, license, permit or provision of law, affecting its Property, Plant and Equipment, (B) any liens on the Property, Plant and Equipment for taxes, assessments, levies, fees, water and sewer rents, and other governmental and similar charges and any liens of mechanics, materialmen, laborers, suppliers or vendors for work or services performed or materials furnished in connection with the Property, Plant and Equipment which are not due and payable or which are not delinquent or which, or the amount or validity of which, are being contested and execution thereon is stayed or, with respect to liens of mechanics, materialmen, laborers, suppliers or vendors, have been due for less than 90 days; (C) easements, rights-of-way servitude, restrictions, oil, gas or other mineral reservations and other minor defects, encumbrances and irregularities in the title to the Property which in the opinion of the Company Representative do not materially impair the use of the Property, Plant and Equipment for its intended purpose or materially and adversely affect the value thereof provided that the Company Representative shall have given the Trustee written notice thereof at least 120 days before the imposition of such Lien; (D) statutory landlord's liens and (E) all exceptions shown on the policies of title insurance delivered pursuant to the Indenture; (5) any Lien securing Additional Indebtedness permitted hereby; (6) any Lien permitted pursuant to Section 3.1 hereof; (7) any Lien created by the Indenture or this Loan Agreement; (8) any Lien described in Exhibit C hereto; and (9) any Lien in favor of a creditor or a trustee on the proceeds of Indebtedness and any earnings thereon prior to the application of such proceeds and such earnings, and any Liens on trust funds established and held by a trustee or creditor with respect to Indebtedness properly incurred. Section 8.11 LIMITATIONS ON INDEBTEDNESS. The Company may incur Additional Indebtedness, if the Income Available for Debt Service for the four immediately preceding fiscal quarters of the Company is not less than 150% of the Long-Term Debt Service Requirements in such period, taking into account the Loan and Indebtedness then Outstanding and the Additional Indebtedness proposed to be incurred. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Subordinated Debt, 22 Commitment Indebtedness and Nonrecourse Indebtedness may be incurred by the Company at any time, without limit. In addition, the Company may incur Additional Indebtedness secured by accounts receivable and inventory, as provided in Section 3.1 of this Loan Agreement. Section 8.12. SUBORDINATED DEBT. Subordinated Debt shall include only Indebtedness of the Company incurred pursuant to loan agreements, credit agreements or similar arrangements ("Subordinate Loan Documents") which contain provisions substantially to the following effect: (1) Subordinated Debt shall, to the extent and in the manner hereinafter set forth, be fully subordinated to the Superior Indebtedness as herein defined. For all purposes of this Section the term "Superior Indebtedness" shall mean all obligations of the Company arising under this Loan Agreement (the "Loan Documents"), as each may be supplemented and modified to the date hereof, or as the same may hereafter from time to time be further supplemented and modified and any other obligations secured by or evidencing, directly or indirectly, obligations evidenced by such Loan Documents, including post-petition interest. (2) No action or proceedings, judicial or otherwise (including without limitation the commencement of or joinder in any bankruptcy or liquidation), shall be instituted or pursued by the holder of any Subordinated Debt (together, the "Subordinate Creditors"), nor shall such Subordinate Creditors take steps to enforce other judgments or encumbrances on assets of the Company pledged to the payment of the obligations of the Company arising under any Subordinate Loan Document (an "Enforcement Action"), other than an action to compel specific performance, and other than an action with respect to collateral pledged to the payment of such Subordinated Debt and not pledged to the payment of the Superior Indebtedness, unless all Bondholders shall have consented thereto, or the Bondholders shall have been paid in full or provision therefor shall have been made in accordance with the terms of the Indenture. (3) No payment on account of principal, premium, if any, sinking funds or interest on Subordinated Debt shall be made, nor shall any property or assets pledged to the payment of the obligations of the Company arising under any Subordinate Loan Document, other than collateral pledged to the payment thereof and not pledged to the payment of the Superior Indebtedness, be applied to the payment or prepayment of Subordinated Debt, unless payment of all amounts then due and payable for principal, premium, if any, sinking funds and interest on Superior Indebtedness has been made or duly provided for in accordance with the terms of the Loan Documents. No payment of principal of and interest on and other amounts due under any Subordinate Loan Document may be made prior to full payment of Superior Indebtedness, (other than payment derived with respect to collateral pledged to the payment of Subordinated Debt and not pledged to the payment of the Superior Indebtedness) if, at the time of such payment or application or immediately after giving effect thereto, (i) there shall exist any default in the payment of principal, premium, if any, sinking funds or interest with respect to the Bonds or any Superior Indebtedness, or (ii) there shall have occurred an Event of Default (other than a default in the payment of principal, premium, if any, sinking funds or interest) with respect to the Bonds or any Superior Indebtedness permitting the Trustee to accelerate the maturity thereof, and written notice of such occurrence shall have been given to the Subordinate Creditors and such event of default shall not have been cured or waived or shall not have ceased to exist. 23 (4) Upon (i) any acceleration of maturity of the principal amount due on any Subordinated Debt or (ii) any payment or distribution of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, upon any dissolution or winding-up or total or partial liquidation, reorganization or arrangement of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary or in bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other proceedings, all principal, premium, if any, and interest due or to become due upon the Bonds and all Superior Indebtedness shall first be paid in full, or payment thereof provided for in accordance with the terms of the Indenture, before any payment is made on account of the principal, premium, if any, or interest on the Subordinated Debt (other than payment derived with respect to collateral pledged to the payment of Subordinated Debt and not pledged to the payment of the Superior Indebtedness), and upon any such dissolution or winding-up or liquidation, reorganization or arrangement, any payment or distribution of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, to which the holders of the Subordinated Debt would be entitled, except for the provisions hereof, shall be paid by the Company, or by a receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, agent or other person making such payment or distribution, to the Trustee to the extent necessary to pay all Superior Indebtedness in full, before any payment or distribution is made to the holders of the Subordinate Debt. (5) In the event that, in violation of any of the foregoing provisions, any payment or distribution of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, shall be received by any Subordinate Creditor before all Bonds and Superior Indebtedness is paid in full or provision for such payment in accordance with the terms of the Indenture, such payment or distribution shall be held in trust for the benefit of, and shall be paid over or delivered to the Trustee for application to the payment of all Bonds remaining unpaid to the extent necessary to pay all such Bonds in full in accordance with its terms. (6) Neither the Trustee nor any present or future holder of any Bonds shall be prejudiced in any right to enforce subordination of the indebtedness evidenced by the Subordinate Loan Documents by any act or failure to act on the part of the Company or anyone in custody of its assets or property. (7) The foregoing subordination provisions shall be for the benefit of the holders of Bonds and may be enforced by the Trustee against the holders of Subordinate Indebtedness or any trustee therefor. The foregoing provisions are solely for the purpose of defining the relative rights of the holders of Superior Indebtedness on the one hand and the holders of the Subordinated Debt on the other hand, and nothing therein shall impair, as between the Company and the holders of the Subordinate Indebtedness, the obligation of the Company, which is unconditional and absolute, to pay to the holders thereof the principal thereof, premium, if any, and interest thereon in accordance with its terms, nor shall anything herein prevent the holders of the Subordinated Debt or any trustee on their behalf from exercising all remedies otherwise permitted by applicable law or thereunder upon default thereunder, subject to the rights set forth above of the holders of Superior Indebtedness to receive cash, property or securities otherwise payable or deliverable to the holders of the Subordinate 24 Indebtedness. Upon any payment or distribution of assets of the Company of the character referred to in the fifth paragraph of the foregoing provisions, the holders of Subordinate Indebtedness shall be entitled to rely upon any order or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction in which such dissolution, winding-up, liquidation, reorganization or arrangement proceedings are pending, and upon a certificate of the receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, agent or other person making any such payment or distribution, delivered to the holders of Subordinate Indebtedness for the purpose of ascertaining the persons entitled to participate in such distribution, the holders of Subordinate Indebtedness and other indebtedness of Company, the amount thereof or payable thereon, the amount or amounts paid or distributed thereon and all other facts pertinent thereto or to the foregoing provisions. No holders of Subordinate Indebtedness shall be charged with knowledge of the existence of any facts which would prohibit the making of any payment of moneys to or by such holders of Subordinate Indebtedness, unless and until the holders of Subordinate Indebtedness, as the case may be, have actual notice or shall have received notice thereof from the Company, the Trustee or one or more holders of Superior Indebtedness. The Company hereby covenants and agrees in each case to provide such notice. Section 8.13 PARITY INDEBTEDNESS. The Company covenants not to incur or assume any Parity Indebtedness unless the Company has received consent of the holders of 100% of the principal amount of the Bonds Outstanding. Upon issuance of Parity Indebtedness, such debt will be entitled to share on a parity in all property and rights securing the Bonds, except the moneys in the Funds, which shall secure only the Bonds. Unless otherwise consented to by the holders of 100% of the principal amount of the Bonds Outstanding, all instruments creating or securing Parity Indebtedness shall (i) provide that the Trustee shall have the sole power to select remedies to be used to enforce rights against common security for the Bonds, subject to the right of the owners of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the sum of the Bonds then Outstanding to direct remedies in the manner provided in the Indenture, (ii) provide that the holders of Parity Indebtedness or the trustee therefor shall undertake such actions as may be requested by the Trustee that are reasonably necessary to effectuate the purposes of clause (i), and (iii) contain cross default provisions with the Loan Agreement, the Indenture and all other instruments creating Parity Indebtedness. All collateral given or to be given to secure Parity Indebtedness (other than credit enhancement devices such as letters of credit, insurance or surety bonds and other than reserve funds) shall also secure the obligations of the Company under the Loan Agreement on a parity basis; and the instruments under which any Parity Indebtedness is incurred shall contain provisions that all Parity Indebtedness and the obligations of the Company under the Loan Agreement shall be secured equally and ratably by all such security provided for any such Parity Indebtedness. The Property, the Pledged Revenues and any other collateral at any time given to secure the obligations of the Company under the Loan Agreement (other than the Funds) shall likewise secure Parity Indebtedness, and such shall be set forth and so provided in any instrument securing Parity Indebtedness. No release by or permission from the Issuer and the Trustee under the Loan Agreement shall be necessary (other than the Company's payment of any Trustee fees or any fees or expenses of the Trustee) to allow such collateral to be pledged pursuant to any instrument relating to Parity Indebtedness, so long as the conditions of the Loan Agreement are complied with. 25 Section 8.14 TRANSFER OF ASSETS. The Company agrees that it will not Transfer assets without the consent of 100% of the owners of the Bonds, except for Transfers of assets: (a) to any Person if prior to the sale, lease or other disposition there is delivered to the Trustee an Officer's Certificate of the Company Representative stating that such assets have or will within the next 24 months become inadequate, obsolete, worn out, unsuitable, unprofitable, undesirable or unnecessary and the sale, lease, removal or other disposition thereof will not impair the structural soundness, efficiency, or economic value of the remaining assets of the Company; or (b) with respect to any Transfer of non-inventory assets, to any Person in the ordinary course of business and on terms not less favorable to the Company than arm's length, but not to exceed $100,000 in aggregate proceeds in any Fiscal Year unless otherwise consented to by a majority of the Bondholders; or (c) with respect to any Transfer of inventory, to any Person in the ordinary course of business; or (d) to any Person if the aggregate Net Book Value of the assets transferred pursuant to this clause in any five consecutive Fiscal Years, does not exceed 5 percent of the Net Book Value of all assets of the Company as shown in the Audited Financial Statements for the most recent Fiscal Year; or (e) to any Person, if the Company shall determine to sell all or substantially all of its assets, and (i) the Company exercises its option to prepay the Loan, or (ii) the holders of 100% of the Bonds shall consent to such transfer, all as provided in section 8.15 hereof. Section 8.15 CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, SALE OR CONVEYANCE. The Company covenants that it will not merge or consolidate with, or sell or convey all or substantially all of its assets to, any Person, unless (a) such merger, consolidation or sale shall be consented to by the holders of 100% of the Bonds, or (ii) the Company shall elect to prepay the Loan and redeem the Bonds in accordance with Section 5.1(b) of the Indenture. In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale or conveyance and upon any such assumption by the successor corporation, such successor corporation shall succeed to its predecessor, with the same effect as if it had been named herein as such predecessor. Section 8.16 FINANCIAL COVENANTS. (a) The Company shall calculate quarterly the Debt Service Coverage Ratio for the four quarters prior to the date of any such calculation, and shall provide a copy of such calculation for such period to the Trustee and Notice Beneficial Owners at the time of delivery of the quarterly financial statements delivered in accordance with Section 8.4 hereof. If the Debt Service Coverage Ratio computation delivered at the time of delivery of any such statement indicates that the Long-Term Debt Service Coverage Ratio of the Company for such previous four fiscal quarters shall be less than 1.50 to 1.00, the Company covenants to retain a Consultant at the expense of the Company, within 30 days, to make recommendations to increase such Long-Term Debt Service Coverage Ratio in the Fiscal Year following delivery of such recommendations to such level or, if in the opinion of the Consultant the attainment of such level is impracticable, to the highest level attainable in such 26 Fiscal Year. Any Consultant so retained shall be required to submit such recommendations to the Trustee and the Notice Beneficial Owners within 90 days after being so retained. The Company agrees that it will, to the extent permitted by law, follow the recommendations of the Consultant. The Company shall not be obligated to retain such a Consultant more often than once during any twenty-four month period. (b) The Company covenants and agrees that it shall maintain a Current Ratio, calculated as of the last day of each calendar quarter after January 1, 2006, of not less than 1.10 to 1.00. The Company shall provide a copy of such calculation to the Trustee and Notice Beneficial Owners at the time of delivery of the quarterly financial statements delivered in accordance with Section 8.4 hereof. (c) The Company covenants and agrees that as of January 1, 2006, it shall maintain a Debt to Equity Ratio, calculated as of the last day of each quarter, of not more than 4.00 to 1.00. The Company shall provide a copy of such calculation to the Trustee and Notice Beneficial Owners at the time of delivery of the quarterly financial statements delivered in accordance with Section 8.4 hereof. (d)......The Company covenants and agrees that not more than 10% of its accounts payable (for the deferred purchase price of property or services) from time to time incurred in the ordinary course of operations and activities shall be in excess of 75 day past the invoice or billing date, or, if greater than 75 days, are being contested in good faith by the Company. (e) The Company covenants and agrees that not more than 20% of its accounts receivable (for the deferred purchase price of property or services) from time to time shall be in excess of 90 day past the invoice or billing date, excluding from such calculation (i) amounts being contested in good faith by the obligated party, and (ii) amounts which the Company has determined, in good faith, are not likely to be collected and are to be treated as losses in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. (f) Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 10.1 hereof, in the event that (i) the Long-Term Debt Service Coverage Ratio of the Company reported under paragraph (a) above shall be less than 1.50 to 1.00, or (ii) the Current Ratio reported under paragraph (b) above shall be less than less than 1.10 to 1.00, or (iii) the Debt to Equity Ratio reported under paragraph (c) above shall to be more than 4.00 to 1.00, the failure to satisfy any such requirement shall not result in an Event of Default hereunder. Unless the Company shall notify the Trustee within thirty days following the date of any such reported failure that the Company is then in compliance with each of such ratios, the interest rate on each of the Bonds shall increase one percent (100 basis points) as of the end of such thirty-day period, until the date the Company shall certify to the Trustee that each of such requirements has been satisfied. (g) Under certain circumstances as set forth in the Indenture, including the definition of "Interest Rate Step-up", the Loan Payments due under Section 5.1 herein may be increased. 27 ARTICLE IX ASSIGNMENT AND PLEDGING OF LOAN AGREEMENT; REDEMPTION OF BONDS Section 9.1 ASSIGNMENT BY COMPANY. This Loan Agreement may be assigned by the Company with the prior written consent of the Bondholders subject to each of the following conditions: (1) no assignment shall relieve the Company from primary liability for any of its obligations hereunder, and in the event of any such assignment, the Company shall continue to remain primarily liable for payment of the Loan Payments, payments on Parity Indebtedness and other payments required to be made under Section 5.1 hereof and for performance and observance of the other covenants and agreements on its part herein provided; (2) no assignment shall impair the exclusion of interest on the Bonds from gross income for federal income tax purposes; (3) the assignee shall assume in writing the obligations of the Company hereunder to the extent of the interest assigned, and (4) the Company shall, within 30 days after the delivery thereof, furnish or cause to be furnished to the Issuer and the Trustee a true and complete copy of each such assumption of obligations and assignment. Section 9.2 ASSIGNMENT AND PLEDGE BY ISSUER. The Issuer shall assign certain of its interests in and pledge certain of the moneys receivable under this Loan Agreement to the Trustee pursuant to the Indenture and the Assignment as security for payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Bonds. The Company hereby consents to such assignment and pledge. Section 9.3 REDEMPTION OF BONDS. Upon the agreement of the Company to deposit moneys in the Bond Principal Fund and the Bond Interest Fund in an amount sufficient to redeem Bonds subject to redemption, the Issuer, at the request of the Company Representative, shall forthwith take all reasonable steps consistent with the Indenture and this Loan Agreement necessary under the applicable redemption provisions of the Indenture to effect redemption of all or part of the then Outstanding Bonds on the redemption date. 28 ARTICLE X EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND REMEDIES Section 10.1 EVENTS OF DEFAULT DEFINED. The following shall be "events of default" under this Loan Agreement and the term "event of default" shall mean any one or more of the following events: (a) failure to pay the Loan Payments required to be paid under Section 5.1(a) hereof for a period of 15 days after the time such Loan Payments were required to be paid thereunder; (b) failure by the Company to observe and perform any covenant, condition or agreement on its part to be observed or performed, other than as referred to in subsection (a) of this Section, for a period of 30 days after written notice, specifying such failure and requesting that it be remedied, shall have been given to the Company by the Issuer or the Trustee, provided, with respect to any such failure covered by this subsection (b) no event of default shall be deemed to have occurred so long as a course of action adequate to remedy such failure shall have been commenced within such 30-day period and shall thereafter be diligently prosecuted to completion and the failure shall be remedied thereby; provided, however, that failure to correct such default within 90 days after receipt of such notice shall constitute an Event of Default; (c) any representation or warranty made by the Company hereunder or otherwise in connection with the sale and delivery of the Bonds shall prove to have been incorrect in any material respect on or as of the date of issuance of the Bonds or the date of making such representation or warranty and cannot be cured within 30 days after written notice by the Issuer or the Trustee, specifying such incorrect representation or warranty and requesting that it be cured, provided no event of default shall be deemed to have occurred under this subsection (c) so long as a course of action adequate to cure shall have been commenced within such 30-day period and shall thereafter be diligently prosecuted to completion and remedied thereby; provided, however, that failure to correct such default within 90 days after receipt of such notice shall constitute an Event of Default; (d) an event of default shall have occurred under the Indenture or the Tax Certificates; (e) if the Company shall file a petition in bankruptcy or for reorganization or for an arrangement pursuant to any present or future federal bankruptcy act or under any similar federal or state law, or shall be adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent, or shall make an assignment for the benefit of its creditors or shall admit in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, or if a petition or answer proposing the adjudication of the Company as a bankrupt or its reorganization under any present or future federal bankruptcy act or any similar federal or state law shall be filed in any court and such petition or answer shall not be discharged or denied within 90 days after the filing thereof, or if a receiver, trustee or liquidator of the Company or of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or the Property, Plant and Equipment shall be 29 appointed in any proceeding brought against the Company and shall not be discharged within 90 day's after such appointment or if the Company shall consent to or acquiesce in such appointment if the estate or interest of the Company in the Property, Plant and Equipment or any part thereof shall be levied upon or attached in any proceeding and such process shall not be vacated, discharged or released within 60 days after such levy or attachment, or if the Property, Plant and Equipment shall have been abandoned by the Company for a period of 30 consecutive days, or if the Company shall be dissolved or liquidated (other than as a result of a merger or consolidation of the Company into or with another entity under the conditions permitting such actions contained in this Loan Agreement); and (f) a final judgment is entered against the Company which, together with all unsatisfied final judgments against the Company, exceeds the sum of $1,000,000 and which is not covered by insurance or adequate Company reserves and such judgment shall remain unsatisfied or unstayed for a period of 90 days after the entry thereof. The foregoing provisions of subsection (b) of this Section are subject to the following limitations: If by reason of force majeure the Company is unable in whole or in part to carry out its agreements herein contained, other than the obligations on the part of the Company contained in Article V and in Sections 4.7 and 8.5 hereof, the Company shall not be deemed in default during the continuance of such inability so long as (i) the Company provides the Bondholders written notice that an Event of Default has occurred by reason of force majeure within 10 Business Days of the receipt of the notice of an Event of Default from the Trustee and (ii) a majority of Bondholders consents to implementation of Company's plan to cure such Event of Default. The Company agrees to promptly submit its plans for curing the Event of Default to the Bondholders; provided that the settlement of strikes, lockouts and other industrial disturbances shall be entirely within the discretion of the Company, and the Company shall not be required to make settlement of strikes, lockouts or other industrial disturbances by acceding to the demands of the opposing party or parties when such course is in the reasonable judgment of the Company unfavorable to the Company. The term "force majeure" as used herein shall mean the following: acts of God; strikes, lockouts or other industrial disturbances; acts of public enemies, insurrections; riots; epidemics; landslides; lightning; earthquake; fire; hurricane; tornadoes; storms; floods; washouts; droughts; arrests; restraint of government and people; civil disturbances; war, explosions; or partial or entire failure of utilities. Section 10.2 REMEDIES ON DEFAULT. Whenever any event of default referred to in Section 10.1 hereof shall have occurred and is continuing, the Issuer, or the Trustee, where so provided herein, may take any one or more of the following remedial steps: (a) the Trustee (acting as assignee of the Issuer), as and to the extent provided in the Indenture, or the Issuer (in the event of a failure of the Trustee to act under this subsection), may, and, at the direction of holders of 25 percent of the aggregate amount of the Bonds, the Trustee shall, declare the Loan Payments payable hereunder for the remainder of the term of this Loan Agreement to be immediately due and payable, whereupon the same shall become due and payable; (b) the Trustee may, subject to indemnification as provided in the Indenture, and, at the direction of holders of 25 percent of the aggregate amount of the Bonds, shall, take any action permitted under the Indenture with respect to an Event of Default thereunder; 30 (c) the Trustee (acting as assignee of the Issuer) may foreclose on all or any portion of the Property or any interest of the Company therein as and to the extent permitted of a mortgagee by the laws of the State of Oklahoma and exercise all of the rights and remedies of a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code of the State of Oklahoma with respect thereto and to the tangible personal property, furniture, machinery and equipment of the Company described in Section 3.1; (d) (Reserved); (e) (Reserved); (f) the Trustee (acting as assignee of the Issuer) may realize upon the security interest in the Pledged Revenues and exercise all of the rights and remedies of a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code of the State of Oklahoma and the State of Texas with respect thereto; or (g) the Trustee (acting as assignee of the Issuer), as and to the extent provided in the Indenture, or the Issuer (in the event of a failure of the Trustee to act under this subsection) may take whatever action at law or in equity as may appear necessary or desirable to collect the amounts then due and thereafter to become due, or to enforce performance or observance of any obligations, agreements or covenants of the Company under this Loan Agreement. At any time after such a declaration of acceleration has been made, but before the entry of a judgment or decree to enforce remedies under the Indenture or this Loan Agreement, such declaration and its consequences shall be rescinded and annulled (unless the Trustee is otherwise directed by the holders of a majority of the principal amount of the Bonds Outstanding (excluding Bonds of any series which are subordinate to any other Series of Bonds)) if: (A) There has been paid to or deposited with the Trustee, or provision satisfactory to the Trustee has been made for the payment of a sum sufficient to pay: (i) all sums reasonably paid or advanced by the Trustee (including reasonable counsel fees and disbursements) under the Indenture or this Loan Agreement and the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee (including reasonable counsel fees and disbursements); (ii) all overdue installments of interest on the Bonds payable by the Company with interest on such overdue interest at the rate of one (1) percent per annum above the interest borne by the Bonds during the 365 days prior to the date of such payment; (iii) the principal of any Bonds which have become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration and accrued interest thereon to the date of payment of such Bonds payable by the Company at the rate or rates borne by such Bonds; 31 (iv) the amounts required to be on deposit in the Reserve Fund in accordance with the Indenture; and (v) all sums, including the reasonable fees and expenses of counsel, reasonably paid or advanced by any Bondholder because of the Company's default. (B) All Events of Default of the Company, other than the nonpayment of the principal of the Bonds, which have become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in the Indenture and this Loan Agreement. In the event that the Company fails to make any payment required hereby, the payment so in default shall continue as an obligation of the Company until the amount in default shall have been fully paid. Any proceeds received by the Issuer or the Trustee from the exercise of any of the above remedies, after reimbursement of any costs incurred by the Issuer or the Trustee in connection therewith, shall be applied by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture. Section 10.3 NO REMEDY EXCLUSIVE. No remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Issuer or the Trustee is intended to be exclusive of any other available remedy or remedies, but each and every such remedy shall be cumulative and shall be in addition to every other remedy given under this Loan Agreement or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or by statute. No delay or omission to exercise any right or power accruing upon any default shall impair any such right or power or shall be construed to be a waiver thereof, but any such right or power may be exercised from time to time and as often as may be deemed expedient. In order to entitle the Issuer to exercise any remedy reserved to it in this Article, it shall not be necessary to give any notice, other than notice required herein or by applicable law. Such rights and remedies given the Issuer hereunder shall also extend to the Trustee and the owners of the Bonds, subject to the Indenture. Section 10.4 AGREEMENT TO PAY ATTORNEYS' FEES AND EXPENSES. In the event the Company should default under any of the provisions of this Loan Agreement, the Indenture or the Tax Certificates, and the Issuer, any Significant Bondholder or the Trustee should employ attorneys or incur other expenses for the collection of Loan Payments or the enforcement of performance or observance of any obligation or agreement on the part of the Company herein or in the Tax Certificates or the Indenture, the Company agrees that it will within 30 days of a request therefor pay to the Issuer, any Significant Bondholder or the Trustee, as the case may be, the reasonable fees of such attorneys and such other reasonable expenses incurred by the Issuer, any Significant Bondholder or the Trustee. This Section shall continue in full force and effect, notwithstanding the full payment of all obligations under this Loan Agreement or the termination of this Loan Agreement for any reason. Section 10.5 WAIVER. In the event any agreement contained in this Loan Agreement should be breached by any party and thereafter waived by any other party, such waiver shall be limited to the particular breach waived and shall not be deemed to waive any other breach hereunder. In view of the assignment of the Issuer's rights in and under this Loan Agreement to the Trustee under the Indenture, the Issuer shall have no power to waive any Event of Default hereunder without the written consent of the Trustee. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a waiver of an Event of Default under the Indenture or a rescission of a declaration of acceleration of the Bonds and a rescission and 32 annulment of its consequences shall constitute a waiver of the corresponding event of default under this Loan Agreement and a rescission and annulment of its consequences; provided that no such waiver or rescission shall extend to or affect any subsequent or other default hereunder or impair any right consequent thereon. Section 10.6 APPOINTMENT OF RECEIVER. Upon the occurrence of any Event of Default, unless the same shall have been waived as herein provided, the Trustee, acting as assignee of the Issuer, shall be entitled as a matter of right if it shall so elect, without notice or demand (such notice being expressly waived hereby), ex parte, (i) forthwith and without declaring the Bonds or Parity Indebtedness to be due and payable, (ii) after declaring the same to be due and payable, or (iii) upon the commencement of an action to enforce the specific performance hereof or in aid thereof or upon the commencement of any other judicial proceeding to enforce any right of the Trustee, the Bondholders or the holders of Parity Indebtedness, to the appointment of a receiver or receivers of any or all of the Property with such powers as the court making such appointment shall confer. The Company hereby consents and agrees, and will if requested by the Trustee consent and agree at the time of application by the Trustee for appointment of a receiver of the Property, to the appointment of such receiver of the Property and that such receiver may be given, the right, power and authority, to the extent the same may lawfully be given to take possession of and operate and deal with the Property and the revenues, profits and proceeds therefrom, with like effect as the Company could do so, and to borrow money and issue evidences of indebtedness as such receiver. Section 10.7 REMEDIES SUBJECT TO PROVISIONS OF LAW. All rights, remedies and powers provided by this Article may be exercised only to the extent that the exercise thereof does not violate any applicable provision of law, and all the provisions of this Article are intended to be subject to all applicable mandatory provisions of law which may be controlling and to be limited to the extent necessary so that they will not render this instrument or the provisions hereof invalid or unenforceable under the provisions of any applicable law. Section 10.8 WAIVER OF APPRAISEMENT, VALUATION, STAY, AND EXECUTION LAWS. The Company agrees, to the extent permitted by law, that in the case of the occurrence of an Event of Default, neither the Company nor anyone claiming through or under it shall or will set up, claim or seek to take advantage of any appraisement, valuation, stay or extension laws now or hereafter in force in order to prevent or hinder the enforcement or foreclosure of the lien of this Loan Agreement, or the absolute sale of the Property, or any interest of the Company therein, or the final and absolute putting into possession thereof, immediately after such sale, of the purchasers thereof, and the Company for itself and all who may at any time claim through or under it, hereby waives, to the full extent that it may lawfully do so, the benefit of all such laws, and any and all right to have the estates comprising the security intended to be hereby created marshaled upon any foreclosure of the lien hereof and agrees that the Trustee or any court having jurisdiction to foreclose such lien may sell the Property, or any interest of the Company therein as an entirety. Section 10.9 PURCHASE OF PROPERTY BY BONDHOLDER OR HOLDER OF PARITY INDEBTEDNESS. Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, the lien and/or security interest on the Property created and vested by this Loan Agreement may be foreclosed. If sold at public sale, any Bondholder, and holder of Parity Indebtedness or the Trustee may bid for and purchase the Property or any interest of 33 the Company therein and upon compliance with the terms of sale, may hold, retain and possess and dispose of such Property or interest therein in his own absolute right without further accountability; and any purchaser at any such sale may, if permitted by law, after allowing for the proportion of the total purchase price required to be paid in cash for the costs and expenses of the sale, compensation and other charges, in paying purchase money, surrender Bonds or Parity Indebtedness then Outstanding, as the case may be, in lieu of cash. Said Bonds or Parity Indebtedness, in case the amount so payable thereon shall be less than the amount due thereon, shall be returned to the holders thereof after being properly stamped to show partial payment. If the Trustee shall acquire title to the Property or any interest of the Company therein as a result of any such foreclosure sale or any proceedings or transaction in lieu of foreclosure, the Trustee may thereafter take any lawful action with respect to the Property or interest therein which it shall deem to be in the best interest of the holders of the Bonds or Parity Indebtedness, including but not limited to: (i) the enforcement of all rights and remedies set forth in the Indenture and the taking of all other courses of action permitted herein, and (ii) the sale of the Property or any interest therein, or any portion thereof. 34 ARTICLE XI PREPAYMENT OF THE LOAN Section 11.1 GENERAL OPTION TO PREPAY THE LOAN. Subject to Section 11.3 hereof, the Company shall have and is hereby granted the option exercisable at any time to prepay all or any portion of the Loan by depositing with the Trustee an amount of money or Government Obligations described in Section 1 (a) of the definition of such term as set forth in Article I of the Indenture to the extent permitted by Section 7.1 of the Indenture, the principal and interest on which, when due, will be equal (giving effect to the credit, if any, provided by Section 11.2 hereof) to an amount sufficient to pay the principal of (in integral multiples of $100,000 and in multiples of $5,000 in excess thereof), premium, if any, and interest on any portion of the Bonds then Outstanding under the Indenture. The exercise of the option granted by this Section shall not be cause for redemption of Bonds unless such redemption is permitted or required at that time under the provisions of Article V of the Indenture, and the Company Representative specifies the date for such redemption. In the event the Company prepays all of the Loan pursuant to this Section (and the Bonds are defeased in accordance with the Indenture) and pays all reasonable and necessary fees and expenses of the Trustee accrued and to accrue through final payment or redemption of the Bonds as a result of such prepayment and all of its liabilities accrued and to accrue hereunder to the Issuer through final payment or redemption of the Bonds as a result of such prepayment, this Loan Agreement shall terminate except for Sections 5.1 (f), 4.6 and 8.5 hereof. The Issuer and the Trustee may certify to the Company prior to payment all expenses, fees and liabilities due for payment hereunder. Payment of moneys or securities to the Trustee under this Section 11.1 shall be accompanied by an Opinion of Bond Counsel to the effect that the application of such payment will not adversely affect the tax-exempt status of the Bonds Outstanding. Section 11.2 PREPAYMENT CREDITS. In the event of prepayment by the Company of the Loan in whole the amounts then contained in the Funds related to the Bonds shall be credited first to the Rebate Fund so that it shall be fully funded for any required payment to the federal government therefrom, and then against the Company's prepayment obligation. Section 11.3 NOTICE OF PREPAYMENT. In order to exercise the option granted by this Article, the Company shall give written notice to the Issuer and the Trustee which shall specify therein the date of making the prepayment, which date shall be not less than 60 days nor more than 90 days from the date the notice is mailed. In the case of any prepayment pursuant to this Article, the Company Representative shall make arrangements with the Trustee for giving the required notice of redemption of any Bonds to be redeemed. Section 11.4 USE OF PREPAYMENT MONEYS. By virtue of the assignment of the rights of the Issuer under this Loan Agreement to the Trustee, the Company agrees to and shall pay any amount required to be paid by it under this Article directly to the Trustee (other than amounts to be paid to the Issuer for its own account or as otherwise provided in Section 5.3 hereof). The Trustee shall use the moneys so paid to it by the Company to pay the principal of and interest on the Bonds on regularly scheduled payment or redemption dates. 35 ARTICLE XII MISCELLANEOUS Section 12.1 NOTICES. All notices, certificates or other communications hereunder shall be sufficiently given and shall be deemed given when mailed by certified mail, return-receipt requested, postage prepaid, or dispatched by telegram or telecopy (if confirmed promptly telephonically and in writing by the sender of such telecopy and if receipt of such telecopy is confirmed in writing by the intended recipient), addressed as follows: Issuer: Cleveland County Industrial Authority c/o Board of Cleveland County Commissioners 605 E. Robinson Norman, Oklahoma 73071 Attn: Secretary With copy to: R. Lindsay Bailey, Esq. Issuer's Counsel 303 E. Eufaula Norman, Oklahoma 73102 Trustee: J. P. Morgan Trust Company, National Associaiton 1200 N.W. 63rd Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73116 Attn: Brenda Batchelor Company: Vaughan Foods, Inc. 216 NE 12th Street Moore, Oklahoma 73160 Attn: Stan Gustas, Chief Financial Officer The Issuer, the Company, and the Trustee may, by notice hereunder, designate any further or different addresses to which subsequent notices, certificates or other communications shall be sent. Section 12.2 BINDING EFFECT. This Loan Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and shall be binding upon the Issuer and the Company and their respective successors and assigns, subject, however, to the limitations contained in Sections 8.14, 9.1, 9.2 and 12. 10 hereof. Section 12.3 SEVERABILITY. In the event any provision of this Loan Agreement shall be held invalid or unenforceable by any court of competent jurisdiction, such holding shall not invalidate or render unenforceable any other provision hereof. Section 12.4 AMOUNTS REMAINING IN FUNDS. It is agreed by the parties hereto that any amounts remaining in the Funds upon expiration of the term of this Loan Agreement shall be paid by the Trustee as directed in writing by the Company Representative as provided in the Indenture. 36 Section 12.5 AMENDMENTS, CHANGES AND MODIFICATIONS. Except as otherwise provided in this Loan Agreement or in the Indenture, this Loan Agreement may not be amended, changed, modified, altered or terminated. Section 12.6 EXECUTION IN COUNTERPARTS. This Loan Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be an original and all of which shall constitute but one and the same instrument. Section 12.7 GOVERNING LAW. This Loan Agreement shall be governed and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Oklahoma. Section 12.8 CANCELLATION AT EXPIRATION OF TERM OF AGREEMENT. Upon the expiration of the term of this Loan Agreement, the Issuer shall deliver to the Company any documents and take or cause the Trustee to take such actions as may be necessary to evidence the termination of this Loan Agreement and the discharge of the lien hereof. Section 12.9 RECORDING. The Company shall cause this Loan Agreement, the Assignment and every assignment and modification hereof to be recorded in the real estate records of the County in which the Site is located (the "County"). In accordance with the Indenture, the Company shall cause the security interest in the Pledged Revenues, Funds, the Equipment and trust accounts referred to in Section 3.1 hereof granted to the Issuer, the assignment of such security interest to the Trustee and the security interest in this Loan Agreement granted to the Trustee to be perfected to the extent permitted by law by the filing of financing statements which fully comply with the Oklahoma Uniform Commercial Code in the office of the Secretary of State of Oklahoma, the office of the County and in such other office as is at the time provided by law as the proper place for the filing thereof. The parties further agree that all necessary continuation statements shall be filed by the Company within the time prescribed by the Oklahoma Uniform Commercial Code in order to continue such security interests. Section 12.10 NO PECUNIARY LIABILITY OF ISSUER. No provision, covenant or agreement contained in this Loan Agreement, or any obligations herein imposed upon the Issuer, or the breach thereof, shall constitute an indebtedness or liability of the Issuer within the meaning of any Oklahoma constitutional provision or statutory limitation or shall constitute or give rise to a pecuniary liability of the Issuer or any member, officer or agent of the Issuer or a charge against the Issuer's general credit. In making the Loan , the Issuer has not obligated itself except with respect to the Trust Estate. Section 12.11 PARTIAL RELEASE. So long as no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing under this Loan Agreement, whenever under the terms of this Loan Agreement any portion of the Property or Equipment is permitted to be sold, transferred, disposed of or released from the provisions of this Loan Agreement, including releases in the event of condemnation of the Property or Equipment in accordance with Article VII hereof, or Transfers permitted under Section 8.14 hereof, the Trustee shall take all actions reasonably necessary to release that portion of the Property or Equipment so sold, leased or disposed of from the lien of this Loan Agreement. Any such release shall be requested of the Issuer in writing by the Company Representative and shall be 37 accompanied by a description of the Property or Equipment to be released, an amendment or supplement to the exhibits of this Loan Agreement to the extent necessary to provide for such release, a plat or improvement location survey of the Property after the release by a registered civil engineer or surveyor licensed in the state of Oklahoma in accordance with the standard detail requirements for land title surveys adopted by ALTA, and an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that such release is permitted by the provisions of this Loan Agreement. Section 12.12 GENERAL RELEASE. Upon payment of all sums secured by this Loan Agreement and upon full performance hereof by the Company, the Trustee, as assignee of the Issuer, shall promptly, after written notice from the Company Representative, execute and deliver to the Company a release of the Lien of this Loan Agreement in form reasonably acceptable to the Trustee. The Company shall, however, pay all costs and expenses in connection with the preparation, review, recordation and execution of said release. Section 12.13 CAPTIONS. The captions and headings in this Loan Agreement are for convenience only and in no way define, limit or describe the scope or intent of any provisions or sections of this Loan Agreement. Section 12.14 PAYMENTS DUE ON NON-BUSINESS DAY. If the date for making any payment or the last date for performance of any act or the exercise of any right, as provided in this Loan Agreement shall not be a Business Day, such payment may be made or act performed or right exercised on the next succeeding business day with the same force and effect as if done on the nominal date provided in this Loan Agreement, except as otherwise expressly provided herein. Section 12.15 PROVISION OF GENERAL APPLICATION. Any consent or approval of the Issuer required pursuant to this Loan Agreement shall be in writing and shall not be unreasonably withheld. 38 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Issuer and the Company have caused this Loan Agreement to be executed in their respective corporate names and attested by their duly authorized officers and the Company has caused its corporate seal to be affixed hereto, all as of the date first above written. CLEVELAND COUNTY INDUSTRIAL AUTHORITY By: /s/ Charles Thompson -------------------- Charles Thompson Chairman ATTEST: /s/ Donna Roberts - ----------------- Donna Roberts, Secretary (SEAL) VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. By: /s/ Mark E. Vaughan ------------------- Mark Vaughan President 39 STATE OF OKLAHOMA ) ) ss COUNTY OF OKLAHOMA ) The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this 16TH day of December, 2004, by Charles Thompson, Chairman and Donna Roberts, Secretary, Cleveland County Industrial Authority, a public trust, on behalf of the trust. WITNESS my hand and official seal. ----------------------------------- Notary Public Commission Expires: ---------------- 40 STATE OF OKLAHOMA ) ) ss COUNTY OF OKLAHOMA ) The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this 16TH day of December, 2004, by Mark Vaughan, President, Vaughan Foods, Inc., an Oklahoma corporation. WITNESS my hand and official seal. ----------------------------------- Notary Public Commission Expires: ---------------- 41 EXHIBIT A LEGAL DESCRIPTION OF SITE A tract of land in the Northeast Quarter (NE/4) of Section Fourteen (14), Township Ten (10) North, Range Three (3) West of the Indian Meridian. Cleveland County, Oklahoma, which tract is more particularly described as follows: Beginning at a point 1628.55 feet West of the Northeast corner of said Northeast Quarter; thence West along the North line of said Northeast Quarter a distance of 650.09 feet to the centerline of the right-ofway line of the AT & SF Railroad Company; thence South along the center line of said right-of-way a distance of 984.26 feet; thence East and parallel with the North line of said Northeast Quarter a distance of 652.83 feet; thence North a distance of 934.26 feet to the point or place of beginning. Physical Address: 216 N.E. 12th, Moore, Oklahoma A-1 EXHIBIT B COSTS OF THE PROJECT SOURCES: Series 2004 Bond Proceeds $5,000,000 ---------- Total Estimated Sources $5,000,000 USES: Building Expansion $1,175,000 Reimbursements 925,000 Debt Service Reserve Fund 500,000 Water Treatment Facilities 900,000 Cost of Issuance 100,000 Production Line 1,300,000 Tomato Production Line 100,000 ---------- Total Estimated Uses $5,000,000 B-1 EXHIBIT C PERMITTED LIENS First Mortgage dated _____________ _____ ______, between Vaughan Foods, Inc., Mortgagor, and CNL Commercial Finance, Inc., Mortgagee recorded in the records of the Cleveland County Clerk at Book ______, Pages ______. B-2
EX-4.6 12 c44364_ex4-6.txt ----------------------------------------- INDENTURE OF TRUST ----------------------------------------- Between CLEVELAND COUNTY INDUSTRIAL AUTHORITY and J.P. MORGAN TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION Dated as of December 1, 2004 CLEVELAND COUNTY INDUSTRIAL AUTHORITY INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT REVENUE BONDS (VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. PROJECT) SERIES 2004 INDENTURE OF TRUST This INDENTURE OF TRUST, dated as of December 1, 2004, (as supplemented and amended, this "Indenture"), is executed by and between the CLEVELAND COUNTY INDUSTRIAL AUTHORITY (the "Issuer"), a public trust, and J.P. MORGAN TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association, having a corporate trust office in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of Oklahoma, as Trustee (the "Trustee"), being authorized to accept and execute trusts of the character herein set out under and by virtue of the laws of the State of Oklahoma. WITNESSETH: WHEREAS, Vaughan Foods, Inc., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of Oklahoma (the "Company"), requested that the Issuer finance the acquisition, construction and equipping of certain manufacturing facilities and certain solid waste disposal facilities located within Cleveland County, Oklahoma, in accordance with that certain Mortgage and Loan Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2004, (as amended, the "Loan Agreement"), between the Issuer and the Company; and WHEREAS, the provisions of Title 60 Oklahoma Statutes 2001 Section 176 et seq., as amended, (the "Act"), authorizes the Issuer to finance such costs; and WHEREAS, in order to finance such costs, the Issuer has issued its Cleveland County Industrial Authority Industrial Development Revenue Bonds (Vaughan Foods, Inc. Project) Series 2004, (the "Bonds"), same to be secured by this Indenture; and WHEREAS, the rights of the Issuer in the underlying Mortgage and Loan Agreement dated as of December 1, 2004, between the Company as Mortgagor and the Issuer as Mortgagee, pursuant to which the Issuer will loan the proceeds of the Bonds to the Company and the Company shall obligate itself to repay such loan to the Issuer; and WHEREAS, the Bonds shall be secured additionally as provided herein and in the Loan Agreement; and WHEREAS, the Bonds and the Trustee's authentication certificate are to be substantially in the following form, with such necessary or appropriate variations, omissions and insertions as permitted or required by this Indenture: - 1 - (FORM OF SERIES 2004 BOND) **Unless this Bond is presented by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company, a New York corporation ("DTC"), to the Issuer or its agent for registration of transfer, exchange, or payment, and any Bond issued is registered in the name of Cede & Co. or in such other name as is requested by an authorized representative of DTC (and any payment is made to Cede & Co. or to such other entity as is requested by an authorized representative of DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE, OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL inasmuch as the Registered Owner hereof, Cede & Co., has an interest herein.** Except as provided in the Indenture herein described, upon any transfer of a Beneficial Ownership Interest (as defined in the Indenture) in the Bond, the purchaser thereof shall be deemed to have certified to the Trustee and acknowledged, represented and agreed with the Company and the Underwriter (as such terms are defined in the Indenture described herein) that such purchaser is acquiring the Bond for its owns account and that it is (i) a "qualified institutional buyer" within the meaning of Rule 144A promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 Act"), or (ii) an institutional "accredited investor," as defined in Rule 501(a)(1), (2), (3), or (7) of the 1933 Act. CLEVELAND COUNTY INDUSTRIAL AUTHORITY INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT REVENUE BONDS (VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. PROJECT) SERIES 2004
No. R- $____________________ - ------------------------------ ---------------------------- --------------------------- ---------------------------- Original Interest Rate Maturity Date Issue Date CUSIP ------------- ------------- ---------- ----- - ------------------------------ ---------------------------- --------------------------- ---------------------------- % December __, 2004 - ------------------------------ ---------------------------- --------------------------- ----------------------------
REGISTERED OWNER: CEDE & CO. PRINCIPAL AMOUNT: THE CLEVELAND COUNTY INDUSTRIAL AUTHORITY, a public trust, organized and existing under the laws of the State of Oklahoma (the "Issuer"), for value received, hereby promises to pay, from the sources hereinafter described, the Principal Amount stated above, in - 2 - lawful money of the United States of America, to the Registered Owner stated above or the registered assigns, on the Maturity Date stated above (unless this Bond shall have been called for prior redemption, in which case on such redemption date), upon the presentation and surrender hereof at the designated corporate trust office of J.P. Morgan Trust Company, National Association, as Trustee (the "Trustee"), in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, or at the principal office of its successor in trust under an Indenture of Trust, dated as of December 1, 2004, (the "Indenture"), between the Issuer and the Trustee, and to pay, from like sources, to the Registered Owner stated above as of the fifteenth day of the calendar month prior to an Interest Payment Date (the "Regular Record Date"), by check or draft mailed by the Trustee on the Interest Payment Date to such Registered Owner at his address as it last appears on the registration books kept for that purpose at the office of the Trustee, interest on said sum in like coin or currency from the Original Issue Date stated above or from the most recent date from which interest has been paid or duly provided for, at the Interest Rate stated above, payable semiannually on June 1 and December 1 of each year, commencing June 1, 2005, on the basis of a 360-day year composed of twelve 30-day months, until payment of the principal hereof has been made or provided for. Such Interest Rate shall be subject to adjustment upon certain events as described in the Indenture and more specifically an Interest Rate Step-up as defined in the Indenture could be implemented. The Trustee may make payments of principal at maturity or upon redemption and payment of interest by wire transfer within the United States to any owner of at least $1,000,000 in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds requesting the same in writing addressed to the Trustee as provided in this Indenture. Any interest not timely paid or duly provided for shall cease to be payable to the Registered Owner hereof at the close of business on the applicable Regular Record Date and shall be payable to the Registered Owner hereof at the close of business on a Special Record Date (as defined in the Indenture) for the payment of any defaulted interest. Such Special Record Date shall be fixed by the Trustee whenever monies become available for payment of the defaulted interest, and notice of such Special Record Date shall be given to the Registered Owner hereof not less than ten days prior thereto. If the date for making any payment or the last day for performance of any act or the exercise of any right, as provided in this Bond, shall not be a "Business Day" as defined in this Indenture, such payment may be made or act performed or right exercised on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if done on the nominal date provided in this Bond. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, when this Bond is registered in the name of a Depository (as defined in this Indenture) or its nominee, the principal and redemption price of and interest on this Bond shall be payable in same day or federal funds delivered or transmitted to the Depository or its nominee. This Bond is one of a duly authorized series of bonds of the Issuer designated as "Cleveland County Industrial Authority Industrial Development Revenue Bonds (Vaughan Foods, Inc. Project) Series 2004" (the "Bonds"). The Bonds have been issued under the provisions of Title 60 Oklahoma Statutes 2001, Section 176 et seq., as amended (the "Act"), to finance costs of acquiring, constructing and equipping certain manufacturing facilities and solid waste disposal facilities (the "Facilities"); to fund a reserve fund with respect to the Bonds; and to fund certain costs of issuing the Bonds. - 3 - This Bond is a limited obligation of the Issuer payable solely from and secured by (a) a pledge of certain rights of the Issuer under and pursuant to the Mortgage and Loan Agreement dated as of December 1, 2004, (the "Loan Agreement"), between the Issuer and Vaughan Foods, Inc., (the "Company"); (b) a pledge of the Funds and Pledged Revenues other than the Rebate Fund (all as defined in the Indenture); (c) an assignment of the Issuer's mortgage on the Property (as defined in the Indenture) (including personal property and equipment) and of the Issuer's security interest in the Pledged Revenues (as defined in the Indenture) of the Company; the personal Guaranty of Mark Vaughan, as an individual; and benefits payable under a key-man life insurance policy in the amount of $1,000,000 on the life of Mark Vaughan. This Bond shall not constitute or become an indebtedness, a debt or a liability of or a charge against the general credit or taxing power of the State of Oklahoma or any county, city, city and county, town, school district, or other subdivision of the State of Oklahoma or of any other political subdivision or body corporate and politic within the State of Oklahoma other than the Issuer (but only to the extent of the revenues pledged in this Indenture), and neither the State of Oklahoma, nor any county, city, city and county, town, school district or other subdivision of the State of Oklahoma, except the Issuer to the extent provided above, shall be liable hereon; nor shall this Bond constitute the giving, pledging, or loaning of the faith and credit of the State of Oklahoma, or any county, city, city and county, town, school district or other subdivision of the State of Oklahoma or of any other political subdivision or body corporate and politic within the State of Oklahoma, but shall be payable solely from the funds pledged therefor. The issuance of this Bond shall not, directly or indirectly or contingently, obligate the State of Oklahoma or any subdivision of the State of Oklahoma nor empower the Issuer to levy or collect any form of taxes or assessments therefor or to create any indebtedness payable out of taxes or assessments or make any appropriation for the payment of this Bond, and such appropriation or levy is prohibited. The Bonds and the interest thereon do not constitute an indebtedness of the Issuer within the meaning of any constitutional or statutory limitation. Reference is hereby made to the Indenture and the Loan Agreement for a description of the revenues pledged, the nature and extent of the security, the rights, duties and obligations of the Issuer, the Trustee and the Registered Owners of the Bonds and the terms and conditions upon which the Bonds are, and are to be, secured, and a statement of the rights, duties, immunities and obligations of the Issuer and the Trustee. The Bonds maturing December 1, 2024, shall be subject to redemption prior to maturity, in whole or in part, at the written direction of the Company, on December 1, 2014, and on any date thereafter, at a redemption price set forth below (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount so redeemed), plus accrued interest to the redemption date: REDEMPTION DATE REDEMPTION PRICE ---------------- ---------------- Dec.1, 2014 to Nov. 30, 2015 102% Dec.1, 2015 to Nov. 30, 2016 101% Dec.1, 2016 and thereafter 100% - 4 - The Bonds are subject to optional redemption by the Issuer upon the written direction of the Company Representative as a whole or in part at any time, at a redemption price equal to the principal amount thereof to be redeemed and accrued interest to the redemption date, in certain event of damage, destruction or condemnation to the property of the Company located in Moore, Cleveland County, Oklahoma. The Bonds are also subject to optional redemption by the Issuer upon the written direction of the Company Representative, as a whole, but not in part, at redemption prices equal to 110% of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed and accrued interest to the redemption date, as a condition precedent to the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of the Company or in the event of the merger or consolidation of the Company, as provided in the Loan Agreement. The Bonds are also redeemable by the Issuer upon the direction of the Company Representative at any time after July 1, 2005, at a redemption price equal to the principal amount of each Series 2004 Bond redeemed, and accrued interest thereon to the redemption date, from unexpended proceeds of the Bonds. The Bonds are also subject to mandatory sinking fund redemption by lot in such manner as the Trustee may determine pursuant to the Indenture, at a redemption price equal to 100 percent of the principal amount thereof and accrued interest to the redemption date. Upon the occurrence of a Determination of Taxability, as defined in this Indenture, the Bonds are subject to mandatory redemption in whole at a redemption price equal to 105% of the Outstanding principal amount thereof, plus interest accrued to the redemption date, at the earliest practicable date selected by the Trustee, after consultation with the Company, but in no event later than 45 days following the Trustee's notification of the Determination of Taxability. The occurrence of a Determination of Taxability with respect to the Bonds will not constitute an Event of Default under this Indenture and the sole remedy of the Holders of the Bonds is the mandatory redemption of the Bonds pursuant to this paragraph. In the event less than all Bonds are to be redeemed pursuant to the optional or special redemption provisions of this Indenture, they shall be redeemed in such order of maturity as the Company Representative shall determine (less than all of the Bonds of a single maturity to be selected by lot in such manner as the Trustee may determine). Except as hereinafter provided, notice of the call for redemption shall be given by the Trustee by mailing by first class mail a copy of the redemption notice not more than 45 days nor less than 30 days prior to the redemption date to the Registered Owners of Bonds to be redeemed in whole or in part at the address of such Registered Owner last showing on the registration books. Failure to give such notice or any defect therein shall not affect the validity of any proceedings for the redemption of such Bonds for which no such failure or defect occurs. All Bonds called for redemption will cease to bear interest after the specified redemption date, provided collected funds for their payment are on deposit at the place of payment at the time of redemption. - 5 - Notwithstanding the foregoing, no additional notice shall be required with respect to mandatory sinking fund redemption unless requested by the holders of 100% of the principal amount of the Bonds, and Bonds need not be presented for mandatory sinking fund redemption payment. The Bonds are issuable only as fully registered bonds in the minimum denominations of $100,000 and in any integral multiple of $5,000 in excess thereof. The Bonds shall initially be registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee for The Depository Trust Company ("DTC"), to be held in a book entry system and: (i) such Bonds shall be registered in the name of the DTC or its nominee, as Bondholder, and immobilized in the custody of DTC; (ii) unless otherwise requested by DTC, there shall be a single Bond certificate for each maturity; and (iii) such Bonds shall not be transferable or exchangeable, except for transfer to another depository or another nominee of a depository, without further action by the Issuer. The owners of beneficial interest in the Bonds shall not have any right to receive Bonds in the form of physical certificates. If any depository determines not to continue to act as a depository for the Bonds for use in a book entry system, the Issuer may attempt to have established a securities depository/book entry system relationship with another qualified depository under this Indenture. If the Issuer does not or is unable to do so, the Issuer and the Trustee, after the Trustee has made provision for notification to the owners of book entry interests by the then depository, shall permit withdrawal of the Bonds from the depository, and authenticate and deliver Bond certificates in fully registered form (in authorized denominations of not less than $100,000 in excess thereof) to the assignees of the depository or its nominee. While a depository is the sole holder of the Bonds, delivery or notation of partial redemption of Bonds shall be effected in accordance with the provisions of the Letter of Representations, as defined in this Indenture. In addition to the words and terms defined elsewhere in this Bond, the following terms shall have the following meanings: "BENEFICIAL OWNER" means, with respect to the Bonds, a person owning a Beneficial Ownership Interest therein, as evidenced to the satisfaction of the Trustee. "BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP INTEREST" means the beneficial right to receive payments and notices with respect to the Bonds which are held by a Depository under a book entry system. "BOOK ENTRY FORM" or "BOOK ENTRY SYSTEM" means, with respect to the Bonds, a form or system, as applicable, under which (i) the Beneficial Ownership Interests may be transferred only through a book entry and (ii) physical Bond certificates in fully registered form are registered only in the name of a Depository or its nominee as holder, with the physical Bond certificates "immobilized" in the custody of the Depository. The book entry system maintained by and the responsibility of the Depository (and not maintained by or the responsibility of the - 6 - Issuer or the Trustee) is the record that identifies, and records the transfer of the interests of, the owners of beneficial (book entry) interests in the Bonds. "DEPOSITORY" means any securities depository that is a clearing agency under federal law operating and maintaining, with its participants or otherwise, a book entry system to record ownership of book entry interests in Bonds, and to effect transfers of book entry interests in Bonds, and includes and means initially The Depository Trust Company (a limited purpose trust company), New York, New York. "DIRECT PARTICIPANT" means a Participant as defined in the Letter of Representations. "INDIRECT PARTICIPANT" means a Person utilizing the book entry system of the Depository by, directly or indirectly, clearing through or maintaining a custodial relationship with a Direct Participant. NEITHER THE ISSUER, THE COMPANY, NOR THE TRUSTEE WILL HAVE ANY RESPONSIBILITY OR OBLIGATION TO ANY DIRECT PARTICIPANT, INDIRECT PARTICIPANT OR ANY BENEFICIAL OWNER OR ANY OTHER PERSON NOT SHOWN ON THE REGISTRATION BOOKS OF THE TRUSTEE AS BEING A HOLDER WITH RESPECT TO: (1) THE BONDS; (2) THE ACCURACY OF ANY RECORDS MAINTAINED BY DTC OR ANY DIRECT PARTICIPANT OR INDIRECT PARTICIPANT; (3) THE TIMELY OR ULTIMATE PAYMENT BY DTC OR ANY DIRECT PARTICIPANT OR INDIRECT PARTICIPANT OF ANY AMOUNT DUE TO ANY BENEFICIAL OWNER IN RESPECT OF THE PRINCIPAL OR REDEMPTION PRICE OF OR INTEREST ON THE BONDS; (4) THE DELIVERY BY ANY DIRECT PARTICIPANT OR INDIRECT PARTICIPANT OF ANY NOTICE TO ANY BENEFICIAL OWNER WHICH IS REQUIRED OR PERMITTED UNDER THE TERMS OF THIS INDENTURE TO BE GIVEN TO REGISTERED OWNERS; (5) THE SELECTION OF THE BENEFICIAL OWNERS TO RECEIVE PAYMENT IN THE EVENT OF ANY PARTIAL REDEMPTION OF THE BONDS; OR (6) ANY CONSENT GIVEN OR OTHER ACTION TAKEN BY DTC AS REGISTERED OWNER. Except for the 15 days next preceding the mailing of notice of redemption of the Bonds (and, if this Bond or portion thereof is called, the period following the giving of such notice), this Bond is fully transferable by the Registered Owner hereof in person or by his duly authorized attorney on the registration books kept at the principal office of the Trustee upon surrender of this Bond, together with a duly executed written instrument of transfer satisfactory to the Trustee. Upon such transfer, a new fully registered bond or bonds of authorized denomination or denominations for the same aggregate principal amount and maturity will be issued to the transferee in exchange therefor, all upon payment of the charges and subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Indenture. The Issuer and the Trustee may deem and treat the person in whose name this Bond is registered as the absolute owner hereof, whether or not this Bond shall be overdue, for the purpose of receiving payment (except as provided above with respect to - 7 - Regular and Special Record Dates) and for all other purposes, and neither the Issuer nor the Trustee shall be affected by any notice to the contrary. Bonds which are reissued upon transfer, exchange or other replacement shall bear interest from the most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, or if no interest has been paid, then from the Original Issue Date. To the extent permitted by, and as provided in the Indenture, modifications or amendments of the Indenture, or of any indenture supplemental thereto, and of the rights and obligations of the Issuer and of the owners of the Bonds may be made with the consent of the Issuer and, in certain instances, with the consent of the owners of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds then Outstanding; provided, however, that no such modification or amendment shall be made which will affect the terms of payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any of the Bonds which are unconditional, unless consented to by all Bondholders. Any such consent by the owner of this Bond shall be conclusive and binding upon such owner and upon all future owners of this Bond and of any bond issued upon the transfer or exchange of this Bond whether or not notation of such consent is made upon this Bond. The owner of this Bond shall have no right to enforce the provisions of the Indenture, the provisions of which are incorporated herein by this reference, or to institute action to enforce the pledge, assignment or covenants made therein or to take any action with respect to an Event of Default under the Indenture or to institute, appear in or defend any suit, action or other proceeding at law or in equity with respect thereto, except as provided in this Indenture. In case an Event of Default under the Indenture shall occur, the principal of all the Bonds at any such time Outstanding under the Indenture may be declared or may become due and payable, upon the conditions and in the manner and with the effect provided in this Indenture. The Indenture provides that such declaration may in certain events be rescinded and annulled by the Trustee under certain circumstances. Neither the Chairman and Secretary of the Issuer, nor any person executing the Bonds shall be liable personally on the Bonds or be subject to any personal liability or accountability by reason of the issuance thereof. It is hereby certified, recited and declared that all conditions, acts and things required by the Constitution or statutes of the State of Oklahoma or by the Act or the Indenture to exist, to have happened or to have been performed precedent to or in the issuance of this Bond exist, have happened and have been performed. This Bond shall not be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or any indenture supplemental thereto, or become valid or obligatory for any purpose until the Trustee shall have signed the certificate of authentication hereon. - 8 - IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the CLEVELAND COUNTY INDUSTRIAL AUTHORITY has caused this Bond to be signed in its name and on its behalf by the manual or facsimile signature of its Chairman, and an imprint of its corporate seal to be affixed hereon and attested by the manual or facsimile signature of its Secretary. [SEAL] CLEVELAND COUNTY INDUSTRIAL AUTHORITY By: ------------------------------------- Attest: Charles Thompson, Chairman By: ------------------------------------- Donna Roberts Secretary - 9 - (FORM OF ASSIGNMENT) FOR VALUE RECEIVED, _________________ the undersigned, hereby sells. assigns and transfers unto: - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PLEASE PRINT OR TYPEWRITE NAME AND ADDRESS OF ASSIGNEE - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TAX IDENTIFICATION OR SOCIAL SECURITY NO. the within Bond and all rights thereunder, and hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints attorney to transfer the within Bond on the books kept for registration thereof, with full power of substitution in the premises. Dated: ---------------- ----------------------------------------------------- NOTICE: The signature to this assignment must correspond with the name as it appears upon the face of the within Bond in every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatever. Signature must be guaranteed by a member of a Medallion Signature Program. (FORM OF TRUSTEE'S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION) This is one of the Bonds described in the within mentioned Indenture of Trust. J.P. MORGAN TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION By -------------------------------------- Authorized Officer Date of Authentication: - ----------------------- - 10 - WHEREAS, all things necessary to make the Bonds, when authenticated by the Trustee and issued as in this Indenture provided, the valid, binding and legal obligations of the Issuer and to constitute this Indenture a valid, binding and legal instrument for the security of the Bonds in accordance with its terms, have been done and performed; NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH: That the Issuer, in consideration of the premises and of the mutual covenants herein contained and of the purchase and acceptance of the Bonds by the owners thereof and of the sum of One Dollar to it duly paid by the Trustee at or before the execution and delivery of these presents, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, in order to secure the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on all Bonds at any time Outstanding under this Indenture according to their tenor and effect and to secure the performance and observance of all the covenants and conditions in the Bonds and herein contained, and to declare the terms and conditions upon and subject to which the Bonds are issued and secured, has executed and delivered this Indenture and has granted, bargained, sold, alienated, assigned, pledged, set over and confirmed, and by these presents does grant, bargain, sell, alienate, assign, pledge, set over and confirm unto J.P. Morgan Trust Company, National Association, as Trustee, and to its successors and assigns forever, all and singular the following described property, franchises and income: A. The Loan Agreement, including the rights of the Issuer under and pursuant to the Loan Agreement (other than the rights of the Issuer under Sections 5.1(f), 8.5 and 10.4 of the Loan Agreement and other than the rights of the Issuer to perform certain discretionary acts as reserved in the Loan Agreement) and the rights, title and interests granted, pledged, bargained, sold, conveyed and mortgaged by the Company therein, including Pledged Revenues (as herein defined). B. All Funds (except the Rebate Fund) established under this Indenture, except for monies deposited with or paid to the Trustee for the redemption of Bonds, notice of the redemption or tender of which has been duly given, and all Pledged Revenues payable to the Trustee by or for the account of the Issuer pursuant to the Loan Agreement and this Indenture, subject only to the provisions of this Indenture permitting the application thereof for the purposes and on the terms and conditions set forth in this Indenture. C. The Principal Guaranty. D. Key-Man Life Insurance Policy E. Any and all other interests in real or personal property of every name and nature from time to time hereafter by delivery or by writing of any kind specifically mortgaged, pledged or hypothecated, as and for additional security hereunder by the Issuer or by anyone in its behalf or with its written consent in favor of the Trustee, which is hereby authorized to - 11 - receive any and all such property at any and all times and to hold and apply the same subject to the terms hereof. TO HAVE AND TO HOLD the same with all privileges and appurtenances hereby conveyed and assigned, or agreed or intended to be, to the Trustee and its successors in said trust and assigns forever; IN TRUST, NEVERTHELESS, upon the terms herein set forth for the equal and proportionate benefit, security and protection of all owners of the Bonds issued under and secured by this Indenture without privilege, priority or distinction as to the lien or otherwise of any of the Bonds over any other of the Bonds except as specifically provided herein: PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that if the Issuer, its successors or assigns shall well and truly pay, or cause to be paid, the principal of the Bonds and the premium, if any, and the interest due or to become due thereon, at the times and in the manner mentioned in the Bonds according to the true intent and meaning thereof, and shall cause the payments to be made into the Bond Principal Fund and the Bond Interest Fund as hereinafter required or shall provide, as permitted hereby, for the payment thereof by depositing with the Trustee the entire amount due or to become due thereon, or certain securities as herein permitted, and shall well and truly keep, perform and observe all the covenants and conditions pursuant to the terms of this Indenture to be kept, performed and observed by it, and shall pay or cause to be paid to the Trustee all sums of money due or to become due to it in accordance with the terms and provisions hereof, then upon such final payments, this Indenture and the rights hereby granted shall cease, terminate and be void; otherwise, this Indenture to be and remain in full force and effect. THIS INDENTURE FURTHER WITNESSETH and it is expressly declared that all Bonds issued and secured hereunder are to be issued, authenticated and delivered, and all said property, rights, interests and revenues and funds hereby pledged and assigned are to be dealt with and disposed of under, upon and subject to the terms, conditions, stipulations, covenants, agreements, trusts, uses and purposes as hereinafter expressed, and the Issuer has agreed and covenanted, and does hereby agree and covenant with the Trustee and with the respective owners from time to time of the Bonds as follows: - 12 - ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS; BOND INDENTURE TO CONSTITUTE CONTRACT Section 1.1 DEFINITIONS. All words and phrases not otherwise defined herein shall have the same meanings as assigned to such words and phrases in Article I of the Loan Agreement and in Article I of this Indenture. In addition, the following terms, except where the context indicates otherwise, shall have the respective meanings set forth below: "Act" means, Title 60 Oklahoma Statutes 2001, Section 176 et seq., as amended. "Additional Indebtedness" means all Indebtedness of the Company other than the Loan. "Assignment" means the Assignment of Mortgage and Loan Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2004, from the Issuer to the Trustee. "Audited Financial Statements" means, as to the Company, financial statements for a Fiscal Year, or for such other period for which an audit has been performed, prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, which have been audited and reported upon by independent certified public accountants. "Balloon Long-Term Indebtedness" means Long-Term Indebtedness 20 percent or more of the principal payments of which are due in any 12-month period, which portion of the principal is not required by the documents pursuant to which such Indebtedness is issued to be amortized by redemption prior to such date. "Beneficial Owner" means, with respect to any Bonds in Book Entry Form, a Person owning a Beneficial Ownership Interest therein, as evidenced to the satisfaction of the Trustee. "Beneficial Ownership Interest" means the beneficial right to receive payments and notices with respect to the Bonds which are held by a Depository under a book entry system. "Board" means the Board of Directors of the Company. "Bonds" or "Series 2004 Bonds" means Cleveland County Industrial Authority Industrial Development Revenue Bonds (Vaughan Foods, Inc. Project) Series 2004. "Bond Interest Fund" means the Bond Interest Fund created in this Indenture. "Bond Principal Fund" means the Bond Principal Fund created in this Indenture. "Bondholder" or "holder" or "owner" of Bonds means the Registered Owner of any Bond. - 13 - "Book Entry Form" or "book entry system" means, with respect to any Bonds, a form or system, as applicable, under which (i) the Beneficial Ownership Interests may be transferred only through a book entry and (ii) physical Bond certificates in fully registered form are registered only in the name of a Depository or its nominee as Holder, with the physical Bond certificates "immobilized" in the custody of the Depository. The book entry system maintained by and the responsibility of the Depository (and not maintained by or the responsibility of the Issuer or the Trustee) is the record that identifies, and records the transfer of the interests of, the owners of book entry interests in such Bonds. "Business Day" means any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or any other day on which the New York Stock Exchange or banks are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close in New York, New York, or any city in which the principal corporate trust office of the Trustee is located. "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations issued from time to time thereunder. "Commitment Indebtedness" means the obligation of the Company to repay amounts disbursed pursuant to a commitment from a financial institution to refinance when due other Indebtedness (including accrued and unpaid interest thereon) of the Company or to purchase when tendered for purchase by the holder thereof in accordance with the terms thereof other Indebtedness (including accrued and unpaid interest thereon) of the Company, which other Indebtedness was incurred in accordance with the provisions of the Loan Agreement, plus any fees payable to such financial institution for such commitment and any other expenses (including collection) thereunder, including, without limitation, amounts disbursed and fees and expenses payable in connection with any Credit Facility. "Company" or "Corporation" means Vaughan Foods, Inc., an Oklahoma corporation, and its successors and assigns. "Company Representative" or "Corporation Representative" means the executive director or chief financial officer of the Company or any other person designated as such by an instrument in writing delivered to the Issuer and the Trustee by the chief executive officer of the Company or chief financial officer. "Completion Date" means the date of the completion of the acquisition, construction, improvement and equipping of the Facilities described in Exhibit B to the Loan Agreement, as evidenced by the certificate of the Company filed with the Trustee as required by the Loan Agreement. "Completion Indebtedness" means any Long-Term Indebtedness incurred by the Company for the purpose of financing the completion of the acquisition, construction or - 14 - equipping of the facilities for which Long-Term Indebtedness has theretofore been incurred in accordance with the provisions of the Loan Agreement, to the extent necessary to provide a completed and equipped facility of the type and scope contemplated at the time that such Long-Term Indebtedness theretofore incurred was originally incurred, and, to the extent the same shall be applicable, in accordance with the general plans and specifications for such facility as originally prepared with only such changes as have been made in conformance with the documents pursuant to which such Long-Term Indebtedness theretofore incurred was originally incurred. "Consultant" means a firm or firms designated in a certificate of the Company Representative which is not, and no member, stockholder, director, officer, trustee or employee of which is, an officer, director, trustee or employee of the Company, and which is a professional management consultant of national repute for having the skill and experience necessary to render the particular report required by the provision of the Loan Agreement in which such requirement appears. "Cost of Issuance Fund" means the Cost of Issuance Fund created pursuant to this Indenture. "Cost of the Project" means the sum total of all reasonable or necessary costs incidental to the financing of the Facilities described in the Loan Agreement. "Credit Facility" means a line of credit, letter of credit, standby bond purchase agreement or similar credit enhancement or liquidity facility established in connection with the issuance of Indebtedness to provide credit or liquidity support for such Indebtedness. "Current Assets" means unrestricted cash of the Company or other assets of the Company which are expected to be converted into cash or consumed in the production of income within the greater of one year and the normal operating cycle of the Company, all determined in according with generally accepted accounting principles. "Current Liabilities" means liabilities of the Company expected to be liquidated in the greater of one year and the normal operating cycle of the Company, excluding any liability otherwise classified as current which will be settled from other than Current Assets, all determined in according with generally accepted accounting principles. "Current Ratio" means the ratio of Current Assets to Current Liabilities. "Debt to Equity Ratio" means the ratio of (i) Indebtedness to (ii) excess of total assets of the Company over total liabilities. "Depository" means any securities depository that is a clearing agency under federal law operating and maintaining, with its participants or otherwise, a book entry system to record - 15 - ownership of book entry interests in bonds, and to effect transfers of book entry interests in bonds in book entry form, and includes and means initially The Depository Trust Company (a limited purpose trust company), New York, New York. "Determination of Taxability" means and shall occur when, (i) the Trustee receives written notice from the Company or a majority of Bondholders, supported by an Opinion of Bond Counsel which shall be a nationally recognized firm with expertise in the area of federal taxation of municipal bonds, that interest on the Bonds is includable in the gross income of Holders of the Bonds of any series for federal income tax purposes or (ii) the Internal Revenue Service shall claim in writing that interest on the Bonds of any series is includable in the gross income of Holders of such Bonds for federal income tax purposes. "Direct Participant" means a Participant as defined in the Letter of Representations. "Environmental Law" means (i) the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1976, 42 U.S.C. ss.ss. 9601 ET SEQ.; (ii) the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as amended by SARA, 42 U.S.C. ss.ss. 1820 ET SEQ.; (iii) the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act, 49 U.S.C. ss.ss. 1810 ET SEQ.; (iv) the Toxic Substances Control Act, 15 U.S.C. ss.ss. 2601 ET SEQ.; (v) the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, as amended, 42 U.S.C. ss.ss. 9601 ET SEQ.; (vi) the Clean Water Act, 33 U.S.C. ss.ss. 1251 ET SEQ.; (vii) the Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. ss.ss. 7412 ET SEQ.; and (viii); and any related laws of the State of Oklahoma or ordinances or resolutions of the Issuer, as any such acts, powers and duties may be amended, modified or supplemented and any regulations promulgated pursuant to any of the foregoing statutes. "Escrowed Interest" means amounts (but not including any interest earnings thereon, except as otherwise provided in the Loan Agreement) deposited in escrow in connection with the issuance of Long-Term Indebtedness and either held as cash or invested in noncallable Government Obligations to pay interest on such Long-Term Indebtedness (but shall not include capitalized or borrowed interest). "Equipment" means those items of machinery, equipment or other personal property installed in the Improvements and pledged to the repayment of the Loan pursuant to the Loan Agreement, and any item of machinery, equipment or other personal property or fixtures acquired and installed in substitution or replacement thereof, less such machinery, equipment or other personal property or fixtures as may be released from such pledge pursuant to the Loan Agreement or taken by exercise of the power of eminent domain as provided in the Loan Agreement, as such items may at any time exist. "Event of Default" or "event of default" means those defaults specified in this Indenture or the Loan Agreement, as appropriate. - 16 - "Facilities" means collectively, the manufacturing facilities and solid waste disposal facilities of the Company financed with proceeds of the Bonds, located in Moore, Cleveland County, Oklahoma, as more particularly described in Exhibit B to the Loan Agreement. "Fiscal Year" means the fiscal year of the Company. "Funds" means the Project Fund, the Bond Principal Fund, the Bond Interest Fund, the Cost of Issuance Fund, the Reserve Fund and the Rebate Fund, and any account created therein, all as established and created by this Indenture. "Governing Body" means the Board of Directors of the Company. "Government Obligations" means: 1. (a) Direct obligations (other than an obligation subject to variation in principal repayment) of the United States of America; (b) obligations fully and unconditionally guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by the United States of America; (c) obligations fully and unconditionally guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by any agency or instrumentality of the United States of America when such obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America; (d) evidences of ownership or proportionate interests in future interest and principal payments on obligations described above held by a bank or trust company as custodian, under which the owner of the investment is the real party in interest and has the right to proceed directly and individually against the obligor and the underlying government obligations are not available to any person claiming through the custodian or to whom the custodian may be obligated, provided, however, that Government Obligations described in this subsection (d) may only be used in connection with a defeasance of the Bonds under this Indenture; or (e) securities of or other interests in any open-end or closed-end management type investment company or investment trust registered under the federal "Investment Company Act of 1940," 15 U.S.C. Section 80(a)-1 ET SEQ., if the portfolio of such investment company or investment trust is limited to United States of America obligations which are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America and to repurchase agreements fully collateralized by such obligations and if any such investment company or investment trust actually takes delivery of such collateral, either directly or through an authorized custodian. - 17 - 2. Pre-refunded municipal obligations rated "AAA" by Standard & Poor's Rating Services and "Aaa" by Moody's Investors Service meeting the following requirements: (a) the municipal obligations are (i) not subject to redemption prior to maturity or (ii) the bond trustee therefor has been given irrevocable instructions concerning their call and redemption and the issuer of the municipal obligations has covenanted not to redeem such municipal obligations other than as set forth in such instructions; (b) the municipal obligations are secured by cash or obligations described in paragraphs (1)(a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) above, which may be applied only to payment of the principal of, interest and premium on such municipal obligations; (c) the principal of and interest on the obligations described in paragraphs (1)(a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) above (plus any cash in the escrow) has been verified by the report of independent certified public accountants to be sufficient to pay in full all principal of, interest and premium, if any, due and to become due to the municipal obligations ("Verification"); (d) the cash or obligations described in paragraph (1) above serving as security for the municipal obligations are held by an escrow agent or trustee in trust for owners of the municipal obligations; (e) no substitution of an obligation described in paragraph (1) above shall be permitted except with another obligation described in paragraph (1) above and upon delivery of a new Verification; and (f) the cash or obligations described in paragraph (1) above are not available to satisfy any other claims, including those by or against the bond trustee or escrow agent. "Guarantor" means Mark Vaughan, as guarantor under the Principal Guaranty. "Guaranty" means any obligation of the Company guaranteeing in any manner, directly or indirectly, any obligation of any Person, which obligation of such other Person would, if such obligation were the obligation of the Company, constitute Indebtedness under the Loan Agreement. For the purposes of the Loan Agreement, so long as no payments are required to be made under such Guaranty and so long as such Guaranty constitutes a contingent liability under generally accepted accounting principles, the aggregate principal amount of any indebtedness in respect of which the Company shall have executed and delivered its Guaranty shall be deemed to be equal to 20 percent of the principal amount borrowed under such guaranteed indebtedness Outstanding at the time any computation is being made, and the aggregate annual principal and interest payments on any indebtedness in respect of which the Company shall have executed and delivered its Guaranty shall be deemed to be equal to 20 percent of the amount which would be - 18 - payable as principal of and the interest on the indebtedness for which a Guaranty shall have been issued during the Fiscal Year for which any computation is being made, provided that if there shall have occurred a default under the guaranteed obligation of any direct or indirect payment by the Company on such Guaranty, then, during the period commencing on the date of such default of payment and ending as the case may be on the day on which such default is cured or on the day which is two years after such other Person resumes making all payments on such guaranteed obligation, 100 percent of such guaranteed indebtedness shall be taken into account. "Hazardous Material" means: (i) any substances defined as "hazardous substances," "pollutants," "contaminants," "hazardous materials," "hazardous wastes," or "hazardous or toxic substances" or related materials as now or hereafter defined in any Environmental Law, (ii) those substances listed or otherwise identified as substances of the type referred to in the preceding subsection (i) in the regulations adopted and issued pursuant to any Environmental Law, as the same may be amended, modified or supplemented; (iii) any friable asbestos, airborne asbestos in excess of that generally found in the atmosphere, respectively, where the facilities of the Company are located, or any substance or material containing asbestos, excluding any such materials located on the solid waste disposal or manufacturing facilities of the Company prior to the date of the Loan Agreement so long as such materials are contained, maintained, abated, or removed in compliance with all applicable Environmental Laws; and (iv) any substance the presence of which on the Facilities is prohibited by any applicable Environmental Law; provided that Hazardous Material shall not include any such substances used in or resulting from the ordinary operation of a facility constituting solid waste recycling facilities or for the cleaning of the Facilities; provided that such substances are stored, handled and disposed of in compliance with all applicable Environmental Laws and other applicable laws and regulations. "Improvements" means the real property improvements located on the Site and pledged pursuant to the Loan Agreement. "Income Available for Debt Service" means, as to any Fiscal Year or other specified period, (i) excess of revenues over expenses of the Company before depreciation, amortization and interest expense on Long-Term Indebtedness, as determined from the Audited Financial Statements or as otherwise herein provided, provided that unrealized gains and losses on investments will not be recognized in the calculation of Income Available for Debt Service, plus (ii) capitalized or funded interest available for and scheduled to be applied to interest obligations accrued during such period; provided, however, that (1) no determination thereof shall take into account any gain or loss resulting from either the extinguishment of Indebtedness or the sale, exchange or other disposition of capital assets not made in the ordinary course of business, and (2) revenues shall not include earnings from the investment of Escrowed Interest or earnings constituting Escrowed Interest. "Indebtedness" means (i) all obligations of the Company for borrowed money including, but not limited to, the Loan, (ii) all installment sales, conditional sales and capital lease obligations incurred or assumed by the Company as purchaser, and (iii) all Guaranties, whether - 19 - constituting Long-Term Indebtedness or Short-Term Indebtedness. Indebtedness shall not include any other obligation incurred by the Company in the ordinary course of business, any obligation to contribute to self-insurance, pension or other risk management programs, indemnification obligations incurred with respect to Commitment Indebtedness, or any fees or expenses payable in connection with the incurrence of Indebtedness. "Indenture" means this Indenture of Trust between the Issuer and the Trustee, including any indentures supplemental thereto made in conformity therewith, pursuant to which the Bonds are authorized to be issued and secured. "Independent Architect" means an architect, engineer or firm of architects and engineers selected by the Company with the approval of a majority in principal amount of the Bondholders. "Indirect Participant" means a Person utilizing the book entry system of the Depository by, directly or indirectly, clearing through or maintaining a custodial relationship with a Direct Participant. "Initial Bondholder" means Oppenheimer Limited Term Municipal Fund and/or Oppenheimer Rochester National Municipals or any successor beneficial holder of the Bonds that is an affiliate of Oppenheimer Funds, Inc. "Insurance Consultant" means a firm or Person selected by the Company Representative and approved by a majority of the Bondholders or Beneficial Owners which is not, and no member, stockholder, director, trustee, officer or employee of which is, an officer, director, trustee or employee of the Company and which is qualified to survey risks and to recommend insurance coverage for solid waste recycling facilities and services and organizations engaged in such operations and which may provide insurance coverage for the Company. "Interest Payment Dates" means June 1 and December 1 of each year, commencing June 1, 2005. "Interest Rate Step-up" means that, under certain circumstances relating to compliance with financial covenants set forth in Section 8.16 of the Loan Agreement, the interest rate on the Bonds will increase one per cent (1%) commencing thirty (30) days following the quarterly report disclosing failure to maintain the specified ratios, until such time as the Company shall return to compliance with the required ratios. "Issuer" means the Cleveland County Industrial Authority, an Oklahoma public trust. "Issuer Representative" means the Chairman or other officer of the Issuer, and, when used with reference to an act or document, also means any other person authorized by resolution of the Issuer to perform such act or sign such document. - 20 - "Key-Man Life Insurance Policy means the Key-Man Life Insurance policy on the life of Mark Vaughan in an amount of not less than $1,000,000 reflecting the beneficiary as Trustee herein. "Letter of Representations" means any Letter of Representations from the Issuer and the Trustee to the Depository which may be entered into in connection with the issuance of the Bonds in a book entry system, as supplemented and amended from time to time. "Lien" means any mortgage, deed of trust or pledge of, security interest in, or encumbrance on, the assets of the Company or sale of accounts receivable with recourse of, the Company which secures any Indebtedness. "Loan" means the loan by the Issuer to the Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Bonds (exclusive of accrued interest paid by the initial purchasers of any Bonds) pursuant to the Loan Agreement. "Loan Agreement" means the Mortgage and Loan Agreement between the Issuer and the Company, dated as of December 1, 2004, and any amendments and supplements thereto made in conformity with the requirements thereof and of this Indenture. "Loan Payments" means those payments required to be paid by the Company identified as Loan Payments pursuant to the Loan Agreement. "Long-Term Debt Service Coverage Ratio" means, except as otherwise provided in the Loan Agreement, for any Fiscal Year or other specified period, the ratio determined by dividing the Income Available for Debt Service by Maximum Annual Debt Service. When calculating the Long-Term Debt Service Coverage Ratio, (i) capitalized interest shall not be counted as income unless it will be available and applied in the same year as the Maximum Annual Debt Service will occur, and (ii) payments to be made in respect of principal and interest on any revolving credit or similar agreement secured solely by a pledge of accounts receivable and inventory shall not be included in determining Maximum Annual Debt Service. "Long-Term Debt Service Requirement" means, for any Fiscal Year or other specified period, the aggregate of the payments to be made in respect of principal and interest (whether or not separately stated) on Outstanding Long-Term Indebtedness of the Company during such period, also taking into account: (i) with respect to Balloon Long-Term Indebtedness, (a) the amount of principal which would be payable in such period if such principal were amortized from the date of incurrence thereof over a period of 20 years on a level debt service basis at an interest rate equal to the rate borne by such Indebtedness on the date calculated, except that if the date of calculation is within 12 months of the actual maturity of such Indebtedness, the full amount of principal payable at maturity shall be included in such calculation, or (b) principal - 21 - payments or deposits with respect to Indebtedness secured by an irrevocable letter of credit issued by, or an irrevocable line of credit with a bank having a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000, or insured by an insurance policy issued by any insurance company rated at least "A" by Alfred M. Best Company or its successors in BEST'S INSURANCE REPORTS or its successor publication, nominally due in the last Fiscal Year in which such Indebtedness matures may, at the option of the Company Representative, be treated as if such principal or interest payments or deposits were due as specified in any loan agreement issued in connection with such letter of credit, line of credit or insurance policy or pursuant to the repayment provisions of such letter of credit, line of credit or insurance policy, and interest on such Indebtedness after such Fiscal Year shall be assumed to be payable pursuant to the terms of such loan agreement or repayment provisions; (ii) with respect to Long-Term Indebtedness which is Variable Rate Indebtedness, the interest on such Indebtedness shall be calculated at the rate which is equal to the average of the actual interest rates which were in effect (weighted according to the length of the period during which each such interest rate was in effect) for the most recent 12-month period immediately preceding the date of calculation for which such information is available (or such shorter period, but not less than six months, if such information is not available for a 12-month period), except that with respect to new Variable Rate Indebtedness, and Variable Rate Indebtedness issued within the last six months, the interest rate for such Indebtedness for the initial interest rate period shall be such interest rate as determined in writing delivered to the Trustee by a banking, investment banking or financial advisory firm, which shall be knowledgeable in matters relating to finance for solid waste recycling facilities; and (iii) with respect to any Commitment Indebtedness providing for payment of other Long-Term Indebtedness, to the extent that amounts are not then due and owing for advances made by the creditor with respect thereto, the principal and interest relating to such Commitment Indebtedness shall not be included in any computations with respect to Income Available for Debt Service or the Long-Term Debt Service Requirement; provided, however, that interest shall be excluded from the determination of Long-Term Debt Service Requirement to the extent that Escrowed Interest is available to pay such interest (but the amount excluded shall not take into account interest earnings on such Escrowed Interest unless there shall have been delivered to the Trustee a report of an independent firm of nationally recognized certified public accountants verifying that such amount of interest can be timely paid from such escrow). "Long-Term Indebtedness" means all Indebtedness having a maturity longer than one year incurred or assumed by the Company, including: (i) money borrowed for an original term, or renewable at the option of the borrower for a period from the date originally incurred, longer than one year; - 22 - (ii) leases which are required to be capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles having an original term, or renewable at the option of the lessee for a period from the date originally incurred, longer than one year; (iii) installment sale or conditional sale contracts incurred or assumed by the Company as purchaser having an original term in excess of one year; (iv) Short-Term Indebtedness if a commitment by a financial lender exists to provide financing to retire such Short-Term Indebtedness and such commitment provides for the repayment of principal on terms which would, if such commitment were implemented, constitute Long-Term Indebtedness; and (v) the current portion of Long-Term Indebtedness. "Maximum Annual Debt Service" means the highest Long-Term Debt Service Requirement for any current or succeeding Fiscal Year or other specified period. "Monthly Payments" means monthly payments to be made by the Company pursuant to the Loan Agreement in an amount equal to (a) the sum of (i) the quotient obtained by dividing the amount of principal and redemption premium, if any, of the Bonds due and payable on the next succeeding payment date for principal (whether at their stated maturities, date called for optional redemption or by mandatory sinking fund redemption) by twelve (12), and (ii) the quotient obtained by dividing the interest due and payable on the Bonds on the next succeeding Interest Payment Date by six (6), and (b) any deposits to the Reserve Fund required pursuant to the Loan Agreement as follows: (a) for the period from January 15, 2005 through June 14, 2005, inclusive, an amount equal to the quotient obtained by dividing the interest due and payable on the Bonds on the next succeeding Interest Payment Date by five (5), plus any deposits to the Reserve Fund required pursuant to the Loan Agreement; (b) for the period from June 15, 2005 through December 14, 2005, inclusive, an amount equal to the quotient obtained by dividing the interest due and payable on the Bonds on the next succeeding Interest Payment Date by six (6), plus any deposits to the Reserve Fund required pursuant to the Loan Agreement; and (c) for the period from December 15, 2005 and thereafter, the sum of (i) the quotient obtained by dividing the amount of principal and redemption premium, if any, of the Bonds due and payable on the next succeeding payment date for principal (whether at their stated maturities, date called for option redemption or by mandatory sinking fund redemption) by twelve (12), and (ii) the quotient obtained by dividing the interest due and payable on the Bonds on the next succeeding Interest Payment Date by six (6), and (b) any deposits to the Reserve Fund required pursuant to the Loan Agreement. - 23 - "Net Book Value" when used in connection with Property, Plant and Equipment or other property means the value of such property, net of accumulated depreciation or amortization, if applicable and as the case may be, as it is carried on the books of the Company in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. "Net Proceeds" means the gross proceeds of any insurance or condemnation awards or the gross proceeds received pursuant to any title insurance policy with respect to any Property, Plant and Equipment pledged to the payment of the Loan pursuant to the Loan Agreement, less such fees and expenses incurred in collecting the same. "Nonrecourse Indebtedness" means any Indebtedness incurred to finance the purchase by the Company of tangible property secured solely by a Lien on such property, the liability for which is limited to the property subject to such Lien with no recourse, directly or indirectly, to any other assets of the Company. "Notice Beneficial Owners" means those Beneficial Owners who have given their addresses and facsimile numbers to the Company. "Officer's Certificate" means a certificate signed by the Company Representative. Each Officer's Certificate presented pursuant to the Loan Agreement shall state that it is being delivered pursuant to (and shall identify the section or subsection of), and shall incorporate by reference and use in all appropriate instances all terms defined in, the Loan Agreement. "Operating Expenses" shall mean all expenditures required in the operation and maintenance of the Improvements including those that result in both current period expenses as well as current assets or current liabilities under generally accepted accounting principles, and including, the following items, without intending to limit the generality of the foregoing: (a) expenditures for operation (including all utilities and fees payable under management and/or operating agreements), maintenance, repair, alterations, insurance and inspection; (b) salaries and expenditures for professional, managerial, supervisory, administrative, engineering, architectural, legal, financial, auditing and consulting services, including the reasonable annual compensation and expenses of the officers and directors of the Company allocable to the Improvements and including the fees of and other amounts payable to the Trustee and the Issuer; (c) all taxes or contributions or payments in lieu thereof, assessments and charges, including, without intending to limit the generality of the foregoing, income, profits, sales, use, property, franchise, and excise taxes; - 24 - (d) obligations under contracts for supplies, services and pensions and other employee benefits; (e) purchases of merchandise and other inventory items; and (f) rentals payable under leases not intended by the Company to evidence the acquisition of capital assets, as determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; provided, however, that rentals payable under leases which, under generally accepted accounting principles would be treated as evidencing the acquisition of a capital asset shall be includable within Operating Expenses, if so designated by the Company,provided, however, the term "Operating Expenses" shall not be construed to include (i) depreciation, (ii) amortization, and (iii) the annual Long-Term Debt Service Requirement. "Opinion of Bond Counsel" means an opinion in writing signed by an attorney or firm of attorneys acceptable to the Trustee and experienced in the field of municipal bonds whose opinions are generally accepted by purchasers of municipal bonds. "Opinion of Counsel" means an opinion in writing signed by an attorney or firm of attorneys, acceptable to the Trustee, who may be counsel for the Company or other counsel acceptable to the Trustee. "Outstanding" means, as of any particular time, all Bonds which have been duly authenticated and delivered by the Trustee under this Indenture, except: (a) Bonds theretofore canceled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation after purchase in the open market or because of payment at or redemption prior to maturity; (b) Bonds for the payment or redemption of which cash funds (or securities to the extent described in this Indenture) shall have been theretofore deposited with the Trustee (whether upon or prior to the maturity or redemption date of any such Bonds); provided that, if such Bonds are to be redeemed prior to the maturity thereof, notice of such redemption shall have been given or arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee shall have been made therefor, or waiver of such notice satisfactory in form to the Trustee shall have been filed with the Trustee; and (c) Bonds in lieu of which other Bonds have been authenticated under this Indenture. Bonds which do not pay interest currently in accordance with their terms shall be deemed to be Outstanding in an amount equal to their accreted value at the applicable time. - 25 - "Parity Indebtedness" means Indebtedness of the Company secured on a parity basis with the Bonds, except to the extent provided in Section 8.13 of the Loan Agreement. "Permitted Investments" means any of the following which at the time are legal investments under the laws of the State of Oklahoma for moneys held under this Indenture and then proposed to be invested therein: (a) Government Obligations; (b) negotiable certificates of deposit issued by, or banker's acceptances drawn on and accepted by, any bank, including the Trustee, the certificate of deposit or debt obligations of which (or if such bank, is the principal bank in a bank holding company, debt obligations of the bank holding company) are rated, at the time such certificates or acceptances are issued, in one of the two highest Rating Categories; (c) repurchase agreements with any U.S. commercial bank, or with any United States Government securities dealer, provided that such repurchase agreements are fully secured by Government Obligations, and provided further that (i) such collateral is held by the Trustee or any agent acting solely for the Trustee during the term of such repurchase agreement, (ii) such collateral is not subject to liens or claims of third parties and the Trustee has a perfected first security interest in the collateral, (iii) such collateral has a market value (determined at least once every 14 days) at least equal to 102% of the amount invested in the repurchase agreement, and (iv) the failure to maintain such collateral at the level required in (iii) above will require the Trustee to liquidate the collateral; (d) certificates of deposit issued by any bank, savings institution or trust company, including the Trustee, and time deposits in any bank, savings institution or trust company, including the Trustee, as to which principal is fully insured by a federally sponsored deposit insurance program; and (e) guaranteed investment contracts issued by a provider rated "AA" or better or "Aa" or better by Standard & Poor's Rating Services or Moody's Investor's Services, Inc., respectively (f) money market funds which are rated in the highest Rating Category and are fully collateralized by Government Obligations. "Permitted Liens" shall have the meaning assigned to it in Section 8.10(b) of the Loan Agreement. "Person" means an individual, association, unincorporated organization, corporation, partnership, joint venture, business trust or a government or an agency or a political subdivision thereof, or any other entity. - 26 - "Pledged Revenues" means the rights to receive all the receipts, revenues, cash and income of the Company from whatever source derived, whether in the form of accounts receivable, contract rights, chattel paper, general intangibles, profits and income, or other rights, and the proceeds of such rights, whether now owned or held or hereafter coming into existence. "Pledged Property" means the Improvements, the Site and the Equipment, pledged pursuant to the Loan Agreement. "Principal Guaranty" means the Guaranty Agreement, executed by Mark Vaughan, dated as of the date hereof. "Project" means collectively, the acquisition, construction and equipping of the Company's manufacturing facilities and solid waste disposal facilities located in Moore, Cleveland County, Oklahoma. "Project Fund" means the Project Fund created pursuant to this Indenture. "Property" means collectively the Improvements and the Site. "Property, Plant and Equipment" means real and personal, tangible and intangible property owned by the Company which is property, plant and equipment under generally accepted accounting principles. "Rating Agency" means Moody's Investors Service, Inc. or Standard & Poor's Ratings Services, a Division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., and their respective successors and assigns. "Rating Category" or "Categories" means the rating category or categories respectively of each Rating Agency. "Rebate Analyst" means an attorney or firm of attorneys or accountant or firm of accountants or other Person hired by the Company to assist the Company in compliance with the arbitrage rebate requirements of Section 4.6 of the Loan Agreement. "Rebate Fund" means the Rebate Fund created in this Indenture. "Registered Owner" or "Registered Owner" means the Registered Owner of any Bonds, as shown on the registration books of the Trustee. "Regular Record Date" means the fifteenth day of the calendar month prior to a regularly scheduled Interest Payment Date for the Bonds. - 27 - "Reserve Fund" means the Reserve Fund created pursuant to this Indenture. "Reserve Fund Credit Enhancement" means any letter of credit credited to the Reserve Fund or any account therein as provided in the Loan Agreement in lieu of cash or Permitted Investments on deposit in the Reserve Fund. "Reserve Requirement" means $500,000. "Senior Loan" means the loan to the Company from CNL Commercial Finance Inc., secured as of the date hereof by an interest in the Pledged Property, and any Indebtedness of the Company incurred to pay, discharge or refinance the Senior Loan. "Short-Term Indebtedness" means Indebtedness with a term of less than one year. "Significant Bondholder" shall mean any one Beneficial Owner of greater than 50% of the Beneficial Ownership Interest in Bonds then Outstanding, and if no one Beneficial Owner owns greater than 50% of the Beneficial Ownership Interest in Bonds then Outstanding, then the provisions relating to the Significant Bondholder shall not apply "Site" means the real property described as the Site in the Loan Agreement, less any such real property released under the provisions of the Loan Agreement. "Special Record Date" means a special record date fixed to determine the names and addresses of Registered Owners for purposes of paying interest on a special Interest Payment Date for the payment of defaulted interest, all as further provided in this Indenture. "Subordinated Debt" means any Indebtedness the payment of which is specifically subordinated to the payment of principal and interest on the Bonds and evidenced by a writing which contains provisions substantially as provided in the Loan Agreement and for which the Company has received an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that such Indebtedness constitutes Subordinated Debt. "Tax Certificates" means the certificates of the Issuer or the Company relating to the tax-exempt status of the Bonds and including any amendments or supplements thereto. "Transfer" means any act or occurrence the result of which is to dispossess any Person of any asset or interest therein, including specifically, but without limitation, the forgiveness of any debt, but shall not include leases and operating contracts governed by the Loan Agreement. "Trust Estate" means the property pledged, assigned and mortgaged to the Trustee pursuant to the granting clauses of this Indenture. - 28 - "Trustee" means J.P. Morgan Trust Company, National Association, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, as trustee, and its successors and assigns. "Underwriter" means Gates Capital Corporation, New York, New York, and its successors and assigns; provided that any purchaser of a Bond from the Underwriter shall not be considered as successor or assign thereof. "Variable Rate Indebtedness" means any portion of Indebtedness the interest rate on which has not been established at a fixed or constant rate to maturity. Section 1.2 INDENTURE TO CONSTITUTE CONTRACT. In consideration of the purchase and acceptance of any or all of the Bonds by those who shall own the same from time to time, the provisions of this Indenture shall be part of the contract of the Issuer with the owners of the Bonds, and shall be deemed to be and shall constitute contracts among the Issuer, the Trustee and the owners from time to time of the Bonds. The pledge made in this Indenture and the provisions, covenants and agreements herein set forth to be performed by or on behalf of the Issuer shall be for the equal benefit, protection and security of the owners of any and all of the Bonds except as specifically provided herein. All of the Bonds, regardless of the time or times of their issuance or maturity, shall be of equal rank without preference, priority or distinction of any of the Bonds over any other thereof, except as expressly provided in or pursuant to this Indenture. - 29 - ARTICLE II AUTHORIZATION, TERMS, Section 2.1 AUTHORIZED AMOUNT OF BONDS. No Bonds may be issued under this Indenture except in accordance with this Article. The total principal amount of Bonds that may be issued hereunder is hereby expressly limited to, and the amount hereby authorized to be issued shall be, $5,000,000. Section 2.2 ALL BONDS EQUALLY AND RATABLY SECURED BY TRUST ESTATE EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED HEREIN; LIMITED OBLIGATION OF BONDS AND PLEDGES SECURING THE SAME. All Bonds issued under this Indenture and at any time Outstanding shall in all respects be equally and ratably secured hereby, without preference, priority or distinction as to date or dates or the actual time or times of the issue or maturity of the Bonds, so that all Bonds at any time issued and Outstanding hereunder shall have the same right, lien and preference under and by virtue of this Indenture, and shall all be equally and ratably secured hereby, except as otherwise expressly provided herein. The Bonds shall be limited obligations of the Issuer payable solely out of the security specified in this Indenture. The Bonds shall not constitute or become an indebtedness, a debt or a liability of or a charge against the general credit or taxing power of the State of Oklahoma, or of any county, city, city and county, town, school district or other subdivision of the State of Oklahoma, or of any other political subdivision or body corporate and politic within the State of Oklahoma other than the Issuer (but only to the extent provided in this Indenture) and neither the State of Oklahoma, nor any county, city, city and county, town, school district or other subdivision of the State of Oklahoma, except the Issuer to the extent provided above, shall be liable thereon; nor shall the Bonds constitute the giving, pledging or loaning of the faith and credit of the State of Oklahoma, or any county, city, city and county, town, school district or other subdivision of the State of Oklahoma or of any other political subdivision or body corporate and politic within the State of Oklahoma but shall be payable solely from the funds herein provided therefor. The issuance of the Bonds shall not, directly or indirectly or contingently, obligate the State of Oklahoma or any subdivision of the State of Oklahoma nor empower the Issuer to levy or collect any form of taxes or assessments therefor or to create any indebtedness payable out of taxes or assessments or make any appropriation for their payment, and such appropriation or levy is prohibited. Nothing in the Act shall be construed to authorize the Issuer to create a debt of the State of Oklahoma within the meaning of the Constitution or statutes of the State of Oklahoma or authorize the Issuer to levy or collect taxes or assessments. Neither the members of the Issuer nor any person executing the Bonds shall be liable personally on the Bonds or be subject to any personal liability or accountability by reason of the issuance thereof. The State of Oklahoma shall not in any event be liable for the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Bonds or for the performance of any pledge, mortgage, obligation or agreement of any kind whatsoever undertaken by the Issuer. No breach of any such pledge, mortgage, obligation or agreement shall impose any pecuniary liability upon the State of Oklahoma or any charge upon its general credit or against its taxing power. - 30 - Section 2.3 AUTHORIZATION OF BONDS. There is hereby authorized to be issued hereunder and secured hereby an issue of bonds, designated as the "Cleveland County Industrial Authority Industrial Development Revenue Bonds (Vaughan Foods, Inc Project) Series 2004." They shall be issuable only as fully registered bonds in the minimum denomination of $100,000 plus integral multiples of $5,000 in excess thereof. The Bonds shall be separately lettered "R" and shall be numbered separately from 1 upward. The Bonds shall be dated as of their date of original issuance, and shall mature serially on December 1 in each of the principal amounts and years, and shall bear interest payable semiannually on June 1 and December 1, commencing June 1, 2005, at the interest rate per annum set forth below: Maturity Principal Interest Rate (December 1) Amount (Per Annum) ------------ ------- ----------- 2012 $2,635,000 6.750% 2024 $2,365,000 7.100% Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that (i) the Long-Term Debt Service Coverage Ratio of the Company reported to the Trustee under Section 8.16(a) of the Loan Agreement shall be less than 1.50 to 1.00, or (ii) the Current Ratio reported to the Trustee under Section 8.12(b) of the Loan Agreement above shall be less than less than 1.10 to 1.00, or (iii) the Debt to Equity Ratio reported to the Trustee under Section 8.12(c) of the Loan Agreement shall to be more than 4.00 to 1.00, the failure to satisfy any such requirement shall not result in an Event of Default hereunder. Unless the Company shall notify the Trustee within thirty days following the date of any such reported failure that the Company is then in compliance with each of such ratios, the interest rate on each of the Bonds shall increase one percent (100 basis points) as of the end of such thirty-day period, until the date the Company shall certify to the Trustee that each of such requirements has been satisfied. Interest shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year composed of twelve 30-day months, payable semiannually on June 1 and December 1 of each year, with the first interest payment to be made on June 1, 2005, except that Bonds which are reissued upon transfer, exchange or other replacement shall bear interest from the most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid, or if no interest has been paid, from the date of the Bonds. The Bonds shall be originally issued in Book Entry Form, and shall be registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of The Depository Trust Company. While the Bonds are held in Book Entry Form, (i) such Bonds shall be registered in the name of the Depository or its nominee, as Bondholder, and immobilized in the custody of the Depository; (ii) unless otherwise requested by the Depository, there shall be a single Bond certificate for each Bond maturity; and - 31 - (iii) such Bonds shall not be transferable or exchangeable, except for transfer to another Depository or another nominee of a Depository, without further action by the Issuer. While the Bonds are in Book Entry Form, Bonds in the form of physical certificates shall only be delivered to the Depository. So long as a book entry system is in effect for the Bonds, the Issuer and Trustee shall recognize and treat the Depository, or its nominee, as the Holder of the Bonds for all purposes, including payment of debt service, giving of notices, and enforcement of remedies. The crediting of payments of debt service on the Bonds and the transmittal of notices and other communications by the Depository to the Direct Participant in whose Depository account the Bonds are recorded and such crediting and transmittal by Direct Participants to Indirect Participants or Beneficial Owners and by Indirect Participants to Beneficial Owners are the respective responsibilities of the Depository and the Direct Participants and the Indirect Participants and are not the responsibility of the Issuer or the Trustee; provided, however, that the Issuer and the Trustee understand that neither the Depository nor its nominee shall provide any consent requested of the Registered Owners of Bonds pursuant to this Indenture, and that the Depository will mail an omnibus proxy (including a list identifying the Direct Participants) to the Issuer which assigns the Depository's, or its nominee's, voting rights to the Direct Participants to whose account at the Depository the Bonds are credited (as of the record date for mailing of requests for such consents). Upon receipt of such omnibus proxy, the Issuer shall promptly provide such omnibus proxy (including the list identifying the Direct Participants attached thereto) to the Trustee, who shall then treat such owners as Registered Owners of the Bonds for purposes of obtaining any consents pursuant to the terms of this Indenture. As long as the Bonds are registered in the name of a Depository, or its nominee, the Trustee agrees to comply with the terms and provisions of the Letter of Representations including the provisions of the Letter of Representations with respect to any delivery of the Bonds to the Trustee shall supersede the provisions of this Indenture with respect thereto. If any Depository determines not to continue to act as a Depository for the Bonds held in a book entry system, the Issuer may attempt to have established a securities depository/book entry system relationship with another Depository under this Indenture. If the Issuer does not or is unable to do so, the Issuer and the Trustee, after the Trustee has made provision for notification of the Beneficial Owners by appropriate notice to the then Depository, shall permit withdrawal of the Bonds from the Depository and shall authenticate and deliver Bonds certificates in fully registered form to the assignees of the Depository or its nominee or to the Beneficial Owners. A majority of the Beneficial Owners also may request that the Bonds be withdrawn from the Depository and that the Trustee authenticate and deliver Bonds certificates in fully registered form to the Beneficial Owners. Such withdrawal, authentication and delivery shall be at the cost and expense (including costs of printing or otherwise preparing and delivering such replacement Bonds) of the Company. Such replacement Bonds shall be in the denominations specified in the first paragraph of this Section 2.3. - 32 - NEITHER THE ISSUER, THE COMPANY NOR THE TRUSTEE WILL HAVE ANY RESPONSIBILITY OR OBLIGATION TO ANY DIRECT PARTICIPANT, INDIRECT PARTICIPANT OR ANY BENEFICIAL OWNER OR ANY OTHER PERSON NOT SHOWN ON THE REGISTRATION BOOKS OF THE TRUSTEE AS BEING A HOLDER WITH RESPECT TO: (1) THE BONDS; (2) THE ACCURACY OF ANY RECORDS MAINTAINED BY DTC OR ANY DIRECT PARTICIPANT OR INDIRECT PARTICIPANT; (3) THE TIMELY OR ULTIMATE PAYMENT BY DTC OR ANY DIRECT PARTICIPANT OR INDIRECT PARTICIPANT OF ANY AMOUNT DUE TO ANY BENEFICIAL OWNER IN RESPECT OF THE PRINCIPAL OR REDEMPTION PRICE OF OR INTEREST ON THE BONDS; (4) THE DELIVERY BY ANY DIRECT PARTICIPANT OR INDIRECT PARTICIPANT OF ANY NOTICE TO ANY BENEFICIAL OWNER WHICH IS REQUIRED OR PERMITTED UNDER THE TERMS OF THIS INDENTURE TO BE GIVEN TO REGISTERED OWNERS; (5) THE SELECTION OF THE BENEFICIAL OWNERS TO RECEIVE PAYMENT IN THE EVENT OF ANY PARTIAL REDEMPTION OF THE BONDS; OR (6) ANY CONSENT GIVEN OR OTHER ACTION TAKEN BY DTC AS HOLDER. Proceeds of the Bonds shall be applied as provided in the Indenture and the Loan Agreement. The principal of and premium, if any, on the Bonds shall be payable at the principal corporate trust office of the Trustee currently located in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, or at the principal office of its successor in trust upon presentation and surrender of the Bonds. Payment of interest on any Bond shall be made to the Registered Owner thereof by check or draft mailed on the Interest Payment Date by the Trustee to the Registered Owner at his address as it last appears on the registration books kept by the Trustee at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such Interest Payment Date, but any such interest not so timely paid or duly provided for shall cease to be payable to the Registered Owner thereof at the close of business on the Regular Record Date and shall be payable to the Registered Owner thereof at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of any such defaulted interest. Such Special Record Date shall be fixed by the Trustee whenever monies become available for payment of the defaulted interest, and notice of such Special Record Date shall be given to the Registered owners of the Bonds not less than 10 days prior thereto by first-class mail to each such Registered owner as shown on the Trustee's registration books on the date selected by the Trustee, stating the date of the Special Record Date and the date fixed for the payment of such defaulted interest. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at the written request addressed to the Trustee of any Bondholder of at least $1,000,000 in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds, payments of principal at maturity or upon redemption and payments of interest may be paid by wire transfer within the United States to the bank account number filed no later than the Regular Record Date with the Trustee for such purpose. All payments on the Bonds shall be made in lawful money of the United States of America upon collection of immediately available funds. - 33 - The Bonds are subject to prior redemption as herein set forth. The Bonds shall be substantially in the form and tenor hereinabove recited with such appropriate variations, omissions and insertions as are permitted or required by this Indenture. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, when any Bond is registered in the name of a Depository or its nominee, the principal and redemption price of and interest on such Bond shall be payable in same day or federal funds delivered or transmitted to the Depository or its nominee. Section 2.4 EXECUTION OF BONDS. The Bonds shall be executed in the name and on behalf of the Issuer, by the manual or facsimile signature of the Chairman of the Issuer, and its corporate seal or a facsimile thereof shall be thereunto affixed, imprinted, engraved or otherwise reproduced thereon and attested by the manual or facsimile signature of the Secretary. Any Bond may be signed (manually or by facsimile), sealed or attested on behalf of the Issuer by any person who, at the date of such act, shall hold the proper office, notwithstanding that at the date of authentication, issuance or delivery, such person may have ceased to hold such office. Section 2.5 REGISTRATION, TRANSFER AND EXCHANGE OF BONDS, PERSONS TREATED AS OWNER. The Issuer shall cause books for the registration and for the transfer of the Bonds as provided in this Indenture to be kept by the Trustee which is hereby appointed the transfer agent of the Issuer for the Bonds. Notwithstanding such appointment, the Trustee is hereby authorized to make any arrangements with other institutions that it deems necessary or desirable in order that such institutions may perform the duties of transfer agent for the Bonds. Subject to the provisions of Section 2.03 hereof, upon surrender for transfer of any Bond at the designated corporate trust office of the Trustee, duly endorsed for transfer or accompanied by an assignment duly executed by the Registered Owner or his attorney duly authorized in writing, the Issuer shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in the name of the transferee or transferees a new fully registered Bond or Bonds for a like aggregate principal amount of the same maturity. Bonds may be exchanged at the designated corporate trust office of the Trustee for a like aggregate principal amount of fully registered Bonds of the same maturity in authorized denominations, which shall be no less than $100,000. The Issuer shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver Bonds which the Bondholder making the exchange is entitled to receive, bearing numbers not contemporaneously Outstanding. The execution by the Issuer of any fully registered Bond of any denomination shall constitute full and due authorization of such denomination and the Trustee shall thereby be authorized to authenticate and deliver such fully registered Bond. The Trustee shall not be required to transfer or exchange any Bond during the period from the Regular Record Date next preceding the mailing of notice of redemption as herein provided. After the giving of such notice of redemption, the Trustee shall not be required to transfer or exchange any Bond, which Bond or portion thereof has been called for redemption. - 34 - Payment of either principal or interest on any fully registered Bond shall be made only to or upon the written order of the Registered Owner thereof or his legal representative, on the Regular Record Date or the Special Record Date but such registration may be changed as hereinabove provided. All such payments shall be valid and effectual to satisfy, and discharge the liability upon such Bond to the extent of the sum or sums paid. As to any Bond, for all other purposes and on any other date, the Registered Owner shall be regarded as the absolute owner hereof. The Trustee shall require the payment by any Bondholder requesting exchange or transfer of any tax or other governmental charge required to be paid with respect to such exchange or transfer. The Company shall, under the Loan Agreement, be liable to pay all expenses and charges of the Issuer and of the Trustee in connection with such exchange or transfer. Section 2.6 LOST, STOLEN, DESTROYED AND MUTILATED BONDS. Upon receipt by the Issuer and the Trustee of evidence satisfactory to them of the ownership of and the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of any Bond and, in the case of a lost, stolen or destroyed Bond, of indemnity satisfactory to them. and upon surrender and cancellation of the Bond, if mutilated, (i) the Issuer shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, a new Bond of the same maturity, series and denomination in lieu of such lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated Bond or (ii) if such lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated Bond shall have matured or have been called for redemption, in lieu of executing and delivering a new Bond as aforesaid, the Issuer may pay such Bond. Any such new Bond shall bear a number not contemporaneously Outstanding. The applicant for any such new Bond may be required to pay all expenses and charges of the Issuer and of the Trustee in connection with the issuance of such Bond. All Bonds shall be held and owned upon the express condition that, to the extent permitted by law, the foregoing conditions are exclusive with respect to the replacement and payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen bonds, negotiable instruments or other securities. Section 2.7 DELIVERY OF BONDS. Upon the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Issuer shall execute and deliver to the Trustee and the Trustee shall authenticate the Bonds and deliver them to the initial purchasers thereof as directed by the Issuer and as hereinafter in this Section provided. Prior to the delivery by the Trustee of any of the Bonds, all conditions precedent to the disbursal of proceeds of the Bonds from the Project Fund, as specified in Section 3.9 hereof, shall have been satisfied or waived by the holders of 100% of the Bonds, and there shall have been filed with or delivered to the Trustee the following: (a) a resolution duly adopted by the Issuer, certified by the Secretary thereof, authorizing the financing of the Cost of the Project, the execution and delivery of the Loan Agreement and this Indenture and the issuance of the Bonds; - 35 - (b) a duly executed copy of this Indenture; (c) a duly executed copy of the Loan Agreement; (d) a duly executed copy of the Assignment; (e) a duly executed copy of the Principal Guaranty; and (f) the written order of the Issuer as to the delivery of the Bonds signed by an Issuer Representative. (g) a duly executed copy of the application for key-man life insurance in the amount of $1,000,000 on the life of Mark Vaughan. Section 2.8 TRUSTEE'S AUTHENTICATION CERTIFICATE. The Trustee's authentication certificate upon the Bonds shall be substantially in the form and tenor hereinbefore provided. No Bond shall be secured hereby or entitled to the benefit hereof, or shall be valid or obligatory for any purpose, unless the certificate of authentication, substantially in such form, has been duly executed by the Trustee; and such certificate of the Trustee upon any Bond shall be conclusive evidence and the only competent evidence that such Bond has been authenticated and delivered hereunder. The Trustee's certificate of authentication shall be deemed to have been duly executed by it if manually signed by an authorized officer of the Trustee, but it shall not be necessary that the same person sign the signed certificate of authentication on all of the Bonds issued hereunder. Section 2.9 CANCELLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF BONDS BY THE TRUSTEE. Whenever any Outstanding Bonds shall be delivered to the Trustee for the cancellation thereof pursuant to this Indenture, upon payment of the principal amount or interest represented thereby, or for replacement pursuant to Section 2.6 hereof such Bonds shall be promptly canceled and destroyed by the Trustee and counterparts of a certificate of destruction evidencing such destruction shall be furnished by the Trustee to the Issuer and the Company. Section 2.10 TEMPORARY BONDS. Pending the preparation of definitive Bonds, the Issuer may execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver temporary Bonds. Temporary Bonds shall be issuable as fully registered Bonds without coupons, of any denomination, and substantially in the form of the definitive Bonds but with such omissions, insertions and variations as may be appropriate for temporary Bonds, all as may be determined by the Issuer. Every temporary Bond shall be executed by the Issuer and be authenticated by the Trustee upon the same conditions and in substantially the same manner, and with like effect, as the definitive Bonds. As promptly as practicable the Issuer shall execute and shall furnish definitive Bonds and thereupon temporary Bonds may be surrendered in exchange therefor at the principal office of the Trustee and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange for such temporary - 36 - Bonds a like aggregate principal amount of definitive Bonds. Until so exchanged the temporary Bonds shall be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Bonds. Section 2.11 TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS. Upon a transfer of a Beneficial Ownership Interest in a Series 2003 Bond (other than a transfer by the Underwriter pursuant to the initial sale of the Series 2003 Bonds), each purchaser of such Beneficial Ownership Interest shall be deemed to have certified to the Trustee and acknowledged, represented and agreed with the Company and the Underwriter that such purchaser is acquiring the Bond for its own account, and that it is (i) a "qualified institutional buyer" within the meaning of Rule 144A promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or (ii) an institutional "accredited investor," as defined in Rule 501(a)(1), (2), (3), or (7) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The foregoing transfer restrictions shall not apply if (i) the Trustee has received a municipal bond insurance policy or other form of credit enhancement securing payment of principal and interest on the Bonds, provided that the policy provider or credit enhancer is rated in one of the three highest categories by a Rating Agency and such insurance policy or credit enhancement has a term not less than the final maturity of the Bonds (or, if shorter, may be drawn upon in full upon its expiration), or (ii) a Rating Agency has assigned the Bonds a rating of at least "Baa3" or "BBB," without any form of third party credit enhancement. A legend shall be printed on the face of each Bond indicating the foregoing. - 37 - ARTICLE III REVENUES AND FUNDS Section 3.1 PLEDGE OF TRUST ESTATE. Subject only to the rights of the Issuer to apply amounts under the provisions of this Article III, a pledge of the Trust Estate to the extent provided herein is hereby made, and the same is pledged to secure the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Bonds. The Issuer hereby covenants that it has not, as of the date hereof, granted and shall not grant any pledge on the Trust Estate which is prior to the pledge in favor of the Bonds. The pledge hereby made shall be valid and binding from and after the time of the delivery by the Trustee of the first Bond authenticated and delivered under this Indenture. The security so pledged and then or thereafter received by the Issuer shall immediately be subject to the lien of such pledge and the obligation to perform the contractual provisions hereby made shall have priority over any or all other obligations and liabilities of the Issuer, and the lien of such pledge shall be valid and binding as against all parties having claims of any kind in tort, contract or otherwise against the Issuer irrespective of whether such parties have notice thereof. Section 3.2 ESTABLISHMENT OF FUNDS AND ACCOUNTS. The Issuer hereby establishes and creates the following Funds for the Bonds and may create accounts within such Funds, all of which shall be special trust funds and accounts held by the Trustee: (a) Bond Principal Fund; (b) Bond Interest Fund; (c) Reserve Fund; (d) Project Fund; (e) Cost of Issuance Fund; and (f) Rebate Fund. Section 3.3 PAYMENTS INTO THE BOND PRINCIPAL FUND AND THE BOND INTEREST FUND. There shall be deposited into the Bond Interest Fund all accrued interest, if any. In addition, there shall be deposited into the Bond Principal Fund or the Bond Interest Fund, as appropriate, and as and when received (i) all required Monthly Payments pursuant to the Loan Agreement, (ii) all moneys transferred to the Bond Interest Fund and the Bond Principal Fund from the Project Fund pursuant to this Indenture, (iii) all moneys transferred to the Bond Interest Fund and the Bond Principal Fund from the Reserve Fund pursuant to this Indenture, (iv) all other moneys required - 38 - or permitted to be deposited into the Bond Principal Fund or Bond Interest Fund pursuant to the Loan Agreement or this Indenture, including any supplements to the Indenture, and (v) all other moneys received by the Trustee when accompanied by directions not inconsistent with the Loan Agreement or the Indenture that such moneys are to be paid into the Bond Principal Fund or Bond Interest Fund. There shall also be retained in the Bond Principal Fund and Bond Interest Fund, interest and other income received on investment of moneys in the Bond Principal Fund and Bond Interest Fund to the extent provided in Section 6.3 hereof. Section 3.4 USE OF MONIES IN THE BOND PRINCIPAL FUND AND THE BOND INTEREST FUND. Except as provided in this Section and in Sections 3.11, 3.16, 6.3 and 8.5 hereof, monies in the Bond Principal Fund shall be used solely for the payment of the principal of and premium, if any, on the Bonds, and monies in the Bond Interest Fund shall be used solely for the payment of the interest on the Bonds. Whenever the total amount in the Bond Principal Fund and the Bond Interest Fund is sufficient to redeem all of the Bonds Outstanding and to pay interest to accrue thereon prior to such redemption, and redemption premium, if any, the Issuer, subject to the requirements of the Loan Agreement, covenants to take and cause to be taken the necessary steps to redeem all of the Bonds on the redemption date for which the required redemption notice has been given. Section 3.5 CUSTODY OF THE BOND PRINCIPAL FUND AND THE BOND INTEREST FUND. The Bond Principal Fund and the Bond Interest Fund shall be in the custody of the Trustee but in the name of the Issuer, and the Issuer authorizes and directs the Trustee to withdraw sufficient funds from the Bond Principal Fund to pay the principal of and premium, if any, on the Bonds as the same become due and payable, and to withdraw sufficient funds from the Bond Interest Fund to pay the interest on the Bonds as the same becomes due and payable or to make transfers to the Rebate Fund pursuant to Section 3.16 hereof. Section 3.6 PAYMENTS INTO THE RESERVE FUND. There shall be deposited into the Reserve Fund $500,000 of proceeds of the Bonds. There shall also be deposited into the Reserve Fund (i) all moneys required to be deposited therein pursuant to the Loan Agreement or the Indenture, and (ii) all other moneys received by the Trustee when accompanied by directions not inconsistent with the Loan Agreement or this Indenture that such moneys are to be paid into such account. Income from investment of the Reserve Fund shall be retained in the Reserve Fund to the extent described in Section 6.3 hereof. Anything in this Indenture to the contrary notwithstanding, moneys on deposit in the Reserve Fund shall be invested so as not to be in violation of the yield restrictions set forth in the Tax Certificates. Permitted Investments relating to moneys in the Reserve Fund shall be valued by the Trustee in the manner contemplated in the Indenture. If any such valuation reveals that the value of such Permitted Investments is less than the Reserve Requirement with respect to the Bonds then Outstanding, the Trustee shall immediately notify the Company and the Issuer of the amount of the difference between the - 39 - amount derived by such valuation and the Reserve Requirement, which difference shall be deposited by the Company in the Reserve Fund by making the deposits required by the Loan Agreement. Section 3.7 USE OF MONEYS IN THE RESERVE FUND. Except as required with respect to Section 3.16 hereof, moneys in the Reserve Fund shall be used solely for the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Bonds in the event moneys in the Bond Principal Fund and Bond Interest Fund are insufficient to make such payments when due, whether on an Interest Payment Date, redemption date, sinking fund redemption date, maturity date or otherwise. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the Initial Bondholder beneficially owns 100% of the Bonds, the Trustee shall apply monies transferred from the Debt Service Reserve Fund by the Trustee to satisfy unpaid installments of interest or principal due under the Bonds (i) first to the satisfaction of unpaid installments of interest and then principal due under the bonds maturing December 1, 2012, and then, to the extent monies remain thereafter available, (ii) to the satisfaction of unpaid installments of interest and then principal due under the Bonds maturing December 1, 2024. (a) Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default hereunder, any moneys in the Reserve Fund shall be transferred by the Trustee, but only upon the direction of a Significant Bondholder to the Bond Interest Fund, and with respect to any moneys in excess of the amount required to be transferred to the Bond Interest Fund, to the Bond Principal Fund and applied in accordance with this Indenture, provided, however, that the amounts on deposit in the Reserve Fund shall be used to pay only the respective series of Bonds for which the Issuer has determined that a deposit to the Reserve Fund shall be made in accordance with this Indenture. (b) Any moneys in the Reserve Fund may be used to pay the principal of and interest on such Bonds on the final maturity date. (c) In the event of the redemption of the Bonds in whole, any moneys in the Reserve Fund shall be transferred to the Bond Principal Fund and applied to the payment of the principal of and premium, if any, on such Bonds. Section 3.8 CUSTODY OF THE RESERVE FUND. The Reserve Fund shall be in the custody of the Trustee but for the benefit of the Bondholders and the Issuer hereby authorizes and directs the Trustee to withdraw sufficient funds from the Reserve Fund to pay the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Bonds and for the purpose described in Section 3.16 hereof, which authorization and direction the Trustee hereby accepts. Section 3.9 PROJECT FUND. The proceeds of the Bonds, after required deposits to the Reserve Fund and the Cost of Issuance Fund, shall be deposited in the Project Fund. In addition, there shall be deposited in the Project Fund any moneys required to be transferred to the Project - 40 - Fund pursuant to the investment provisions of this Indenture, and all other moneys the Company may make available in its discretion to pay the reasonable or necessary costs incidental to the acquisition, construction, improvement or equipping of the Facilities and all other necessary and incidental expenses in connection with the foregoing. The Trustee shall keep and maintain adequate records pertaining to the Project Fund, and all payments therefrom, which shall be open to inspection by the Company, Registered Owners of the Bonds, the Beneficial Owners or their duly authorized agents during normal business hours of the Trustee. After the Completion Date, the Trustee shall file a statement of income and disbursements with respect to the Project Fund with the Company. Any moneys then remaining in the Project Fund shall be transferred to the Bond Principal Fund or Bond Interest Fund and used, at the option and written direction of the Company, (i) to redeem Bonds on the next succeeding Interest Payment Date on which the Bonds shall be subject to redemption, or (ii) to provide for additional solid waste disposal or manufacturing improvements to the Facilities. At or prior to the initial disbursement of proceeds of the Series 2004 Bonds from the Project Fund hereof, the Company shall deliver the following to the Trustee: (a) a detailed estimate of the costs of the Facilities, indicating the gross costs, including all hard and soft costs, including, without limitation, all equipment to be acquired, showing that the moneys in the Project Fund, together with the Company's reasonable estimate of the investment earnings to be deposited therein, are sufficient to pay all costs of completing the Facilities, certified by the Company Representative to the best of his or her knowledge and belief, upon due inquiry, to be correct; (b) a satisfactory commitment for an ALTA policy of mortgagee's title insurance with liability not less than the maximum principal amount of the Outstanding Bonds, showing the Loan Agreement to be a valid second, junior and inferior lien on the Property subject only to Permitted Liens in such form, containing only such exceptions and containing such endorsements as are satisfactory to the Trustee. The expense of such policy endorsements shall be borne by the Company; (c) a property survey on the Site; (d) appraisal of the Property; (e) certificates satisfactorily evidencing continuing compliance with the insurance requirement of the Loan Agreement; (f) Phase One Environmental Survey of the Site; and - 41 - (g) such other certificates of the Trustee or the Company as may reasonably be required by Bond Counsel to evidence compliance with the terms of this Indenture. (h) a copy of Mark Vaughan's application from Key-Man Life Insurance and a copy of the policy when it becomes available, but no later than ninety days after delivery of the Bonds. Delivery of any of the foregoing may be waived by the holders of 100% of the Bonds. Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default under the Indenture and the exercise by the Trustee of the remedies specified in the Loan Agreement and the Indenture, any moneys in the Project Fund shall be transferred by the Trustee to the Bond Interest Fund and thereafter, with respect to any moneys in excess of the amount required to pay interest on the Bonds, to the Reserve Fund, and, with respect to any moneys in excess of the Reserve Requirement to the Bond Principal Fund, and applied in accordance with the Indenture. Section 3.10 CUSTODY OF THE PROJECT FUND. The Project Fund shall be in the custody of the Trustee but in the name of the Issuer, and the Issuer authorizes and directs the Trustee, on the requisition of the Company Representative, to withdraw sufficient funds from the Project Fund to pay the Cost of the Project, and without such requisition to make required transfers to the Rebate Fund pursuant to Section 3.16 hereof, which authorization and direction the Trustee hereby accepts. Section 3.11 NONPRESENTMENT OF BONDS. In the event any Bonds shall not be presented for payment when the principal thereof becomes due, either at maturity, the date fixed for redemption thereof, or otherwise, if collected funds sufficient for the payment thereof shall have been deposited in the Bond Principal Fund and the Bond Interest Fund or otherwise made available to the Trustee for deposit therein, all liability of the Issuer to the owner or owners thereof for the payment of such Bonds shall forthwith cease, terminate and be completely discharged, and thereupon it shall be the duty of the Trustee to hold such fund or funds in a separate trust account for the benefit of the owner or owners of such Bonds, who shall thereafter be restricted exclusively to such fund or funds for any claim of whatever nature on his, her or their part under this Indenture with respect to said Bond or on, or with respect to, said Bond. The Trustee shall be under no obligation to, and shall not be required to, invest such funds pending payment of the Bonds. If any Bond shall not be presented for payment within the period of five years following the date when such Bond becomes due, whether by maturity or otherwise, the Trustee shall return to the Company the funds theretofore held by it for payment of such Bond, and such Bond shall, subject to the defense of any applicable statute of limitation, thereafter be an unsecured obligation of the Company. - 42 - Section 3.12 MONIES TO BE HELD IN TRUST. All monies required to be deposited with or paid to the Trustee under any provision of this Indenture shall be held by the Trustee in trust for the purposes specified in this Indenture and, except for monies deposited with or paid to the Trustee for the redemption of Bonds for which the notice of redemption has been duly given, shall, while held by the Trustee, constitute part of the Trust Estate (other than the Rebate Fund) and be subject to the lien hereof and not subject to attachment or any other lien by any other creditor in the event of bankruptcy nor available for general operations of the Company in the event of bankruptcy. Section 3.13 REPAYMENT FROM THE FUNDS. Any amounts remaining in the Funds after payment in full of the Bonds (or making provision for such payment in accordance with Article VII), the fees and expenses of the Trustee, and all other amounts required to be paid hereunder and under the Loan Agreement to the Issuer and all other amounts required to be paid hereunder and under the Loan Agreement shall, upon the expiration of the term of the Loan Agreement, be paid as the Company Representative shall direct in writing. Section 3.14 CREATION OF ADDITIONAL ACCOUNTS AND SUBACCOUNTS; TRANSFERS OF MONIES AMONG FUNDS. The Trustee may, and at the written request of the Company Representative and the Issuer, shall establish such additional accounts within any of the Funds established under this Indenture, and subaccounts within any of the accounts established under this Indenture, as shall be specified in such written request, for the purpose of identifying more precisely the sources of payments into and disbursements from such Funds, accounts and subaccounts; but the establishment of any such additional accounts or subaccounts shall not alter or modify any of the requirements of this Indenture with respect to the deposit or use of the monies in any Fund established hereunder. Section 3.15 REBATE FUND. There is hereby created and established with the Trustee for the benefit of the United States of America a Rebate Fund in the name of the Issuer which shall be expended in accordance with the provisions hereof, the Tax Certificates. The Company shall be responsible for making all such deposits to the Rebate Fund as required in the Tax Certificates and Section 5.1(g) of the Loan Agreement. The Trustee shall invest the Rebate Fund at the written direction (or by oral instruction promptly confirmed in writing) of the Company Representative and shall deposit income from said investments immediately upon receipt thereof in the Rebate Fund. For purposes of determining rebate calculations that may be required with respect thereto pursuant to the Tax Certificates, the Company may employ, at its own expense, a Rebate Analyst. The Tax Certificates may be superseded or amended by a certificate of the Company, accompanied by an Opinion of Bond Counsel addressed to, the Company and the Trustee to the effect that the use of said new certificate will not adversely affect the exclusion of interest on the Bonds from gross income of the recipients thereof for purposes of federal income taxation. Section 3.16 REBATE DEPOSITS. The Trustee shall make the rebate deposit described in the Tax Certificates based upon the written instructions of the Company Representative. If a - 43 - withdrawal from the Rebate Fund is permitted as a result of such computation because no rebate payments are required to be made, the amount withdrawn shall be deposited in the Bond Principal Fund in accordance with written instructions furnished to the Trustee. Record of the determinations required by this Section must be retained by the Company Representative and the Trustee until six years after the final retirement of the Bonds. If the monies on deposit in the Rebate Fund are insufficient for the purposes thereof, the Trustee shall transfer monies to the Rebate Fund from the following Funds in the following order of priority: the Project Fund, the Reserve Fund, the Bond Principal Fund and the Bond Interest Fund. Section 3.17 REBATE DISBURSEMENTS. Not later than 60 days after the last day of the fifth Bond Year, as defined in the Tax Certificates, and every five years thereafter, the Trustee shall pay to the United States 90 percent of the amount, at the written direction of the Rebate Analyst, on deposit in the Rebate Fund as of such payment date. No later than 60 days after the final retirement of the Bonds, the Trustee shall pay to the United States 100 percent of the balance remaining in the Rebate Fund (or such lesser amount as shall be due and owing to the United States). Nothing herein shall relieve the Company of its obligation to pay the rebate amount in accordance with Section 5.1(g) of the Loan Agreement. Each payment required to be paid to the United States pursuant to this Section shall be filed with the Internal Revenue Service Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19255. Each payment shall be accompanied by a copy of the Internal Revenue Form 8038 originally filed with respect to the Bonds, Internal Revenue Form 8038-T and, if necessary, a statement summarizing the determination of the amount to be paid to the United States. Section 3.18 TAX CERTIFICATES. The use and investment of monies in any of the Funds shall be subject to the provisions of the Tax Certificates, and the Issuer and the Trustee, in the performance of their duties thereunder, agree to comply with the same. Trustee shall have no responsibility for rebate calculations and shall have no liability for actions taken at the direction of the Company or Rebate Analyst Section 3.19 (Reserved). Section 3.20 COST OF ISSUANCE FUND. The Company shall deposit to the Cost of Issuance Fund an amount sufficient to pay a portion of the costs incurred in connection with the authorization, issuance and sale of the Bonds, to the extent the same are approved by the Company. The Trustee shall transfer amounts from the Cost of Issuance Fund as directed by the Company. The Trustee shall keep and maintain adequate records pertaining to the Cost of Issuance Fund, and all payments therefrom, which shall be open to inspection by the Company, Registered Owners of the Bonds, the Beneficial Owners or their duly authorized agents during normal business hours of the Trustee. - 44 - Section 3.21 CUSTODY OF THE COST OF ISSUANCE FUND. The Cost of Issuance Fund shall be in the custody of the Trustee but in the name of the Issuer, and the Issuer authorizes and directs the Trustee, on the requisition of the Company Representative, to withdraw sufficient funds from the Cost of Issuance Fund to pay a portion of the costs incurred in connection with the authorization, issuance and sale of the Bonds, which authorization and direction the Trustee hereby accepts. - 45 - ARTICLE IV COVENANTS OF THE ISSUER Section 4.1 PERFORMANCE OF COVENANTS. The Issuer covenants that it will faithfully perform at all times any and all covenants, undertakings, stipulations and provisions contained in this Indenture, in any and every Bond and in all proceedings of the Issuer pertaining thereto. The Issuer covenants, represents, warrants and agrees that it is duly authorized under the laws of the State of Oklahoma, including particularly and without limitation, the Act, to issue the Bonds and to execute this Indenture, to pledge the property described herein and pledged hereby and to pledge the Trust Estate in the manner and to the extent herein set forth, that all actions on its part required for the issuance of the Bonds and the execution and delivery of this Indenture have been duly and effectively taken or will be duly taken as provided herein, and that this Indenture is a valid and enforceable instrument of the Issuer and that the Bonds in the hands of the owners thereof are and will be valid and enforceable obligations of the Issuer according to the terms thereof. Section 4.2 INSTRUMENTS OF FURTHER ASSURANCE. The Issuer covenants that it will do, execute, acknowledge and deliver or cause to be done, executed, acknowledged and delivered, such indentures supplemental hereto and such further acts, instruments and transfers as the Trustee may reasonably require for the better assuring, transferring, pledging and hypothecating unto the Trustee all and singular the Trust Estate to the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Bonds. Promptly after any filing, registration or recording (other than the filing of the Loan Agreement, this Indenture and any financing statements in connection with the issuance of the Bonds) or any re-filing, re-registration or re-recording of this Indenture or the Loan Agreement or any filing, registration, recording, re-filing, re-registration or re-recording of any supplement to either of said instruments, any financing statement or instrument of similar character relating to any of said instruments or any instrument of further assurance which is required pursuant to the preceding paragraph, the Issuer will cause the Company Representative to deliver to the Trustee an opinion of independent counsel to the effect that such filing, registration, recording, re-filing, re-registration or re-recording has been duly accomplished and setting forth the particulars thereof. Section 4.3 PAYMENT OF PRINCIPAL, PREMIUM, IF ANY, AND INTEREST. The Issuer will promptly pay or cause to be paid the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on all Bonds issued hereunder according to the terms hereof. The principal, premium, if any, and interest payments are payable solely from the Trust Estate, which is hereby specifically pledged to the payment thereof in the manner and to the extent herein specified. Nothing in the Bonds or in this Indenture shall be considered or construed as pledging any funds or assets of the Issuer other - 46 - than those pledged hereby or creating any liability of the Issuer's trustees, employees or other agents. Section 4.4 CONDITIONS PRECEDENT. Upon the date of issuance of any of the Bonds, the Issuer hereby covenants that all conditions, acts and things required of the Issuer by the Constitution or statutes of the State of Oklahoma or by the Act or by this Indenture to exist, to have happened or to have been performed precedent to or in the issuance of the Bonds shall exist, have happened and have been performed. Section 4.5 SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES; RECORDATION OR FILING OF SECURITY INSTRUMENTS. As set forth in Section 12.9 of the Loan Agreement, the Issuer shall cause the Trustee to cause such continuation statements under the Oklahoma Uniform Commercial Code at all times to be recorded, registered and filed by the Trustee and to be kept, recorded, registered and filed in such manner and in such places as may be required by law in order fully to preserve and protect the security of the Bondholders and all rights of the Trustee hereunder. Section 4.6 RIGHTS UNDER THE LOAN AGREEMENT. The Issuer will observe all of the obligations, terms and conditions required on its part to be observed or performed under the Loan Agreement. The Issuer agrees that wherever in the Loan Agreement it is stated that the Issuer will notify the Trustee, whenever the Loan Agreement gives the Trustee some right or privilege, or in any way attempts to confer upon the Trustee the ability for the Trustee to protect the security for payment of the Bonds, that such part of the Loan Agreement shall be as though it were set out in this Indenture in full. The Issuer agrees that the Trustee as assignee of the Loan Agreement, to the extent provided herein, may enforce, in its name or in the name of the Issuer, all rights of the Issuer (other than the rights of the Issuer under Sections 5.1(f), 8.5 and 10.4 of the Loan Agreement and other than the rights of the Issuer to perform certain discretionary acts reserved in the Loan Agreement) and all obligations of the Company under and pursuant to the Loan Agreement for and on behalf of the Bondholders, whether or not the Issuer is in default hereunder. - 47 - ARTICLE V REDEMPTION OF BONDS PRIOR TO MATURITY Section 5.1 Optional REDEMPTION. Series 2004 Bonds maturing December 1, 2024, shall be subject to redemption prior to maturity, in whole or in part, at the written direction of the Company ("Optional Redemption"), on December 1, 2014, and on any date thereafter, at a redemption price set forth below (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount so redeemed), plus accrued interest to the redemption date: Redemption Date Redemption Price --------------- ---------------- Dec.1, 2014 to Nov. 30, 2015 102% Dec.1, 2015 to Nov. 30, 2016 101% Dec.1, 2016 and thereafter 100% Section 5.2 REDEMPTION OF BONDS UPON OCCURRENCE OF CERTAIN EVENTS. (a) The Bonds are redeemable by the Issuer upon the direction of the Company Representative in whole or in part at any time at a redemption price equal to the principal amount of each Bond redeemed, and accrued interest thereon to the redemption date, upon the occurrence of events described in Section 7.1 of the Loan Agreement. (b) The Bonds are also redeemable by the Issuer upon the direction of the Company Representative in whole but not in part at any time at a redemption price equal to 110% of the principal amount thereof, and accrued interest thereon to the redemption date, as a condition precedent to the acquisition by any Person of substantially all of the assets of the Company or as a condition precedent of the merger or consolidation of the Company, as provided in Section 8.14 of the Loan Agreement. (c) The Bonds are redeemable by the Issuer upon the direction of the Company Representative in whole or in part at any time after July 1, 2005, at a redemption price equal to the principal amount of each Bond redeemed, and accrued interest thereon to the redemption date, from unexpended proceeds of the Bonds on deposit in the Project Fund. Section 5.3 REDEMPTION OF BONDS UPON A DETERMINATION OF TAXABILITY. Upon the occurrence of a Determination of Taxability, the Bonds are subject to mandatory redemption in whole at a redemption price equal to 105% of the Outstanding principal amount thereof, plus interest accrued to redemption date, at the earliest practicable date selected by the Trustee, after consultation with the Company, but in no event later than 45 days following receipt by the Trustee of notice of the Determination of Taxability. The occurrence of a Determination of - 48 - Taxability with respect to the Bonds will not constitute an Event of Default under this Indenture and the sole remedy of the Holders will be mandatory redemption of the Bonds in accordance with this Section 5.2. Within five Business Days after receipt by the Trustee of written notice of a Determination of Taxability, the Trustee shall give written notice thereof to the Holders of all Bonds then Outstanding and shall also give written notice to the Company and the Issuer. Section 5.4 SINKING FUND. The Bonds maturing December 1, 2012, are subject to mandatory sinking fund redemption at a redemption price equal to 100 percent of the principal amount thereof and accrued interest to the redemption date. As and for a sinking fund for the redemption of such Bonds, there shall be deposited pursuant to Section 5.1(a) of the Loan Agreement in the Bond Principal Fund and Bond Interest Fund a sum which is sufficient to redeem (after credit as provided below) the following principal amounts of such Bonds and accrued interest to the redemption date: December 1 Principal December 1 Principal of the Year Amount of the Year Amount ----------- ------ ----------- ------ 2006 $310,000 2010 $400,000 2007 325,000 2011 425,000 2008 350,000 2012 455,000 2009 370,000 The Bonds maturing December 1, 2024, are subject to mandatory sinking fund redemption at a redemption price equal to 100 percent of the principal amount thereof and accrued interest to the redemption date. As and for a sinking fund for the redemption of such Bonds, there shall be deposited pursuant to Section 5.1(a) of the Loan Agreement in the Bond Principal Fund and Bond Interest Fund a sum which is sufficient to redeem (after credit as provided below) the following principal amounts of such Bonds and accrued interest to the redemption date: December 1 Principal December 1 Principal of the Year Amount of the Year Amount ----------- ------ ----------- ------ 2013 $485,000 2019 $130,000 2014 515,000 2020 140,000 2015 100,000 2021 150,000 2016 105,000 2022 160,000 2017 110,000 2023 170,000 2018 120,000 2024 180,000 - 49 - Not more than 45 days nor less than 30 days prior to a sinking fund payment date for the Bonds, the Trustee shall proceed to select for redemption (by lot in such manner as the Trustee may determine) from all Bonds Outstanding which are subject to sinking fund redemption on such date a principal amount of such Bonds equal to the aggregate principal amount of Bonds redeemable with the required sinking fund payment, and shall call such Bonds for redemption from the particular sinking fund on the next December 1, and give notice of such call. At the option of the Company Representative (so long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing) to be exercised by delivery of a written certificate to the Trustee and the Issuer not less than 45 days next preceding any sinking fund redemption date, it may (i) deliver to the Trustee for cancellation Bonds which are subject to sinking fund redemption on such date in an aggregate principal amount designated by the Company Representative, or (ii) specify a principal amount of such Bonds which prior to said date have been redeemed (otherwise than through the operation of such sinking fund) and canceled by the Trustee and not theretofore applied as a credit against any sinking fund redemption obligation for such Bonds. Each Bond so delivered or previously redeemed shall be credited by the Trustee at 100% of the principal amount thereof against the obligation of the Company on such sinking fund redemption date, and any excess shall be so credited against future sinking fund redemption obligations for Bonds proportionately to all remaining sinking fund payments. In the event the Company Representative shall avail itself of the provisions of clause (i) of the first sentence of this paragraph the certificate required by the first sentence of this paragraph shall be accompanied by the Bonds to be canceled. Notwithstanding any provision of this Indenture to the contrary, in the event all Bonds are held by a single holder, no additional notice shall be required with respect to mandatory sinking fund redemption unless requested by the holders of 100% of the principal amount of the Bonds, and Bonds need not be presented for mandatory sinking fund redemption payment. Section 5.5 METHOD OF SELECTING BONDS. Except in the case of mandatory sinking fund redemption pursuant to Section 5.4 hereof, in the event that less than all of the Outstanding Bonds shall be redeemed, the Bonds redeemed shall be redeemed in inverse order of maturity (less than all of the Bonds of a single maturity to be selected by lot in such manner as the Trustee may determine). Section 5.6 NOTICE OF REDEMPTION. Bonds shall be called for redemption by the Trustee as herein provided but only if funds have been deposited with the Trustee on or before the date fixed for redemption sufficient to pay the applicable redemption price of the Bonds to be redeemed. Except as otherwise herein provided, the Company shall provide to the Trustee, at least 45 days prior to the redemption date, a Certificate of the Company Representative specifying the principal amount of the Bonds to be called for redemption, the applicable redemption price or prices and the provision or provisions of this Indenture pursuant to which - 50 - such Bonds are to be called for redemption, provided that such certificate shall not be required with respect to a sinking fund redemption pursuant to Section 5.3 hereof and Bonds shall be called for redemption by the Trustee pursuant to such Section without the necessity of any action by the Issuer or the Company. In the case of any redemption or tender other than as provided in Section 5.3 hereof, the Trustee shall cause notice of such redemption to be given by mailing not more than 45 days nor less than 30 days prior to the redemption date by first class mail a copy of the redemption notice to the Registered Owner of any Bonds designated for redemption in whole or in part, at their address as the same shall last appear upon the registration books; provided, however, that failure to give such notice or any defect therein, shall not affect the validity of any proceedings for the redemption of such Bonds for which no such failure or defect occurs. Notice of any redemption hereunder with respect to Bonds held under a book entry system shall be given by the Registrar only to the Depository, or its nominee, as the Holder of such Bonds. Selection of book entry interests in the Bonds called for redemption, and notice of call to the owners of those interests called, is the responsibility of the Depository, the Direct Participant and the Individual Participant and any failure of the Depository to advise any Direct Participant and any failure of a Direct Participant or any Indirect Participant to notify the Beneficial Owner of any such notice and its contents or effect will not affect the validity of such notice of any proceedings for the redemption of such Bonds. Each notice of redemption shall specify the name of the Bonds, the date the Bonds were originally issued, the date fixed for redemption, the date of mailing of the notice, the redemption price, the place or places of payment (including contact person and phone number) the CUSIP numbers of Bonds being redeemed, the rate of interest borne by each Bond being redeemed or tendered, the maturity date of each Bond being redeemed or tendered, that payment will be made upon presentation and surrender of the Bonds to be redeemed, that interest accrued to the date fixed for redemption will be paid as specified in said notice, any conditions to the redemption (including, but not limited to, deposit of the applicable redemption price) and that on and after said date interest thereon will cease to accrue. If less than all the Outstanding Bonds are to be redeemed, the notice of redemption shall specify the Bonds to be redeemed, and the numbers of the Bonds or portions thereof to be redeemed. Section 5.7 BONDS DUE AND PAYABLE ON REDEMPTION DATE; INTEREST CEASES TO ACCRUE. On or before any redemption pursuant to this Article V, collected funds sufficient to redeem all the Bonds called for redemption at the appropriate redemption price, including accrued interest to the date fixed for redemption, shall be deposited with the Trustee. On the redemption date, the principal amount of each Bond to be redeemed, together with the accrued interest thereon to such date, and redemption premium, if any, shall become due and payable; from and after such date, notice of redemption having been given, and deposit having been made in accordance with the provisions of this Article V, then, notwithstanding that any Bonds called for redemption shall not have been surrendered, no further interest shall accrue on any of such Bonds. From and after such date of redemption (such notice having been given and such deposit having been made), the - 51 - Bonds to be redeemed shall not be deemed to be Outstanding hereunder, and the Issuer shall be under no further liability in respect thereof. Section 5.8 CANCELLATION. All Bonds which have been redeemed shall be canceled by the Trustee and destroyed as provided in Section 2.9 hereof. Section 5.9 PARTIAL REDEMPTION OF BONDS. Upon surrender of any Bond for redemption in part only, the Issuer shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the owner thereof, the cost of which shall be paid by the Company, a new Bond or Bonds of the same maturity and of authorized denominations, in an aggregate principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the Bond surrendered; provided that the Trustee shall select Bonds for redemption so as to assure that after such redemption no Registered Owner or Owner of Beneficial Interests shall retain Bonds in authorized denominations of not less than $100,000; and provided further that, if less than all of an Outstanding Bond of one maturity in a book entry system is to be called for redemption, the Trustee shall give notice to the Depository or the nominee of the Depository that is the Holder of such Bond, and the selection of the Beneficial Interests in that Bond to be redeemed shall be at the sole discretion of the Depository and its participants. In the case of a partial redemption of Bonds by lot, each unit of face value of principal thereof equal to $5,000 (each such $5,000 unit is hereinafter referred to as a "Unit") shall be treated as though it were a separate Bond in the amount of such Unit. If it is determined that one or more, but not all, of the Units represented by a Bond are to be called for redemption, then upon notice of redemption of a Unit or Units of Bonds, the holder of that Bond shall surrender the Bond to the Trustee (a) for payment of the redemption price of the Unit or Units of Bonds called for redemption (including without limitation. the interest accrued to the date fixed for redemption and any premium), and (b) for issuance, without charge to the holder thereof, of a new Bond or Bonds of $100,000 or amounts in excess thereof in such integrals as are permitted hereunder, aggregating a principal amount equal to the unmatured and unredeemed portion of, and bearing interest at the same rate and maturing on the same date as, the Bond surrendered. - 52 - ARTICLE VI INVESTMENTS Section 6.1 INVESTMENT OF FUNDS. Subject to the Section 3.18 hereof, any monies held as part of the Funds shall, on instructions signed by a Corporation Representative, be invested by the Trustee in Permitted Investments (i) with respect to the Project Fund and the Reserve Fund maturing in the amounts and at the times necessary to provide funds to make the payments to which such monies are applicable as estimated in a certificate of a Corporation Representative from time to time filed with the Trustee and (ii) with respect to the Bond Principal Fund, the Bond Interest Fund and the Rebate Fund maturing in the amounts and at the times necessary to provide funds to make the payments to which such monies are applicable as determined by the Trustee. To the extent practicable, all such Permitted Investments purchased shall mature or be redeemable on a date or dates prior to the time when the monies so invested will be required for expenditure. Permitted Investments in the Reserve Fund shall have a maturity of not more than one year. The Trustee shall sell and reduce to cash a sufficient portion of such investments whenever the cash balance in a Fund is insufficient for the purposes of such Fund. The Trustee may make any and all investments permitted by the provisions of this Section through its trust or bond department. Investments in any of the Funds hereof shall be valued by the Trustee not less often than annually, on or before December 1 of each year, at the market value thereof, exclusive of interest. Deficiencies in the amount on deposit in the Reserve Fund resulting from a decline in market value shall be restored by the Company beginning not later than three months after the valuation date by making the deposits required by Section 5.1(e)(iii) of the Loan Agreement. As to any investment agreement, the Trustee shall give notice to any provider of an investment agreement in accordance with the terms of the investment agreement so as to receive funds thereunder when needed with no penalty or premium paid. Section 6.2 ARBITRAGE. In reliance upon the covenant of the Company in Section 4.6 of the Loan Agreement, the Issuer hereby covenants for the benefit of each owner of the Bonds that no use will be made of the proceeds of the Bonds or of any monies in the Funds and that no other action shall be taken which will cause the Bonds or any obligations subsequently issued by the Issuer to be "arbitrage bonds" within the meaning of Section 148 of the Code and the regulations prescribed thereunder. Unless otherwise required by Section 148 of the Code, the Secretary or any other Issuer Representative having responsibility with respect to the issuance of the Bonds shall, on or prior to the date of issuance of the Bonds, if applicable, either alone or in conjunction with any other officer, employee, consultant or agent of the Issuer, deliver to the Trustee the certification required by the regulations promulgated under Section 148 of the Code to evidence that such - 53 - Bonds will not be "arbitrage bonds" within the meaning of Section 148 of the Code and the regulations thereunder. Such certificates may rely upon the certificates of the Company delivered to the Issuer pursuant to Section 4.6 of the Loan Agreement. Section 6.3 ALLOCATION AND TRANSFERS OF INVESTMENT INCOME. Any investments shall be held by or under the control of the Trustee and shall be deemed at all times a part of the Fund from which the investment was made. Any loss resulting from such investments shall be charged to such Fund. Any interest or other gain from any Fund from any investment or reinvestment shall be allocated and transferred subject to the Tax Certificates, as follows: (a) any interest or other gain realized as a result of any investments or reinvestments of moneys in the Project Fund shall be retained in or transferred to the Project Fund; (b) any interest or other gain realized as a result of any investments or reinvestments of moneys in the Bond Principal Fund and the Bond Interest Fund shall be retained in the respective Fund; (c) any interest or other gain realized as a result of any investments or reinvestments of moneys in the Reserve Fund shall be transferred to the Project Fund during the construction of the Improvements and thereafter shall be credited to the Reserve Fund if the amount therein is less than the Reserve Requirement. If the amount in the Reserve Fund is equal to or greater than the Reserve Requirement, such interest or other gain realized shall be paid into the Project Fund, and after the Completion Date, to the Bond Interest Fund; (d) (Reserved); (e) any interest or other gain realized as a result of any investment or reinvestment of moneys in the Rebate Fund shall be retained in the Rebate Fund; and (f) notwithstanding the foregoing, any interest or other gain realized as a result of any investments or reinvestments of moneys in Funds pursuant to the Indenture shall first be deposited in the Rebate Fund to the extent amounts required to be deposited therein pursuant to the Indenture have not been so deposited. - 54 - ARTICLE VII DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE Section 7.1 DISCHARGE OF THIS INDENTURE. If, when the Bonds secured hereby shall be paid in accordance with their terms (or payment of the Bonds has been provided for in the manner set forth in the following paragraph), together with all other sums payable hereunder, then this Indenture and the Trust Estate and all rights granted hereunder shall thereupon cease, terminate and become void and be discharged and satisfied. Also, if all Outstanding Bonds secured hereby shall have been purchased by the Company and delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, and all other sums payable hereunder have been paid, or provision shall have been made for the payment of the same, then this Indenture and the Trust Estate and all rights granted hereunder shall thereupon cease, terminate and become void and be discharged and satisfied. In such events, upon the request of the Issuer, the Trustee shall assign and transfer to the Issuer all property then held by the Trustee hereunder and shall execute such documents as may be reasonably required by the Issuer (including undertakings by the Company to continue to comply with its covenants contained in Sections 4.6, 5.1(f), 5.1(g), 8.5 and 10.4 of the Loan Agreement until all Bonds are actually paid) and shall turn over any surplus in any Fund the Company Representative shall direct in writing, other than the Rebate Fund. Payment of any Outstanding Bonds prior to the maturity or redemption date thereof shall be deemed to have been provided for within the meaning and with the effect expressed in this Section if (i) in case said Bonds are to be redeemed on any date prior to their maturity, the Company Representative shall have given to the Trustee in form satisfactory to it irrevocable instructions to give on a date in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.5 hereof notice of redemption of such Bonds on said redemption date, such notice to be given in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.5 hereof, (ii) there shall have been deposited with the Trustee Government Obligations described in Section 1(a) of the definition of such term as set forth herein which shall not contain provisions permitting the redemption thereof at the option of the issuer before the date the principal thereof will be required, the principal of and the interest on which when due, and without any reinvestment thereof, will provide monies which, together with any other available monies, if any, deposited with or held by the Trustee at the same time, shall be sufficient to pay when due the principal of and premium, if any, and interest due and to become due on said Bonds on and prior to the redemption date or maturity date thereof, as the case may be (and if on the date of such deposit, the Bonds are not actually paid in full, then there shall be provided to the Trustee and the Issuer (a) report of an independent firm of nationally recognized certified public accountants verifying the sufficiency of the escrow established to pay the Bonds in full and (b) an opinion of nationally recognized bond counsel to the effect that the Bonds are no longer Outstanding under this Indenture), and (iii) in the event said Bonds are not by their terms subject to redemption within the next 45 days, the Company Representative shall have given the Trustee in form satisfactory to it irrevocable instructions to give, as soon as practicable in the same manner as the notice of redemption is given pursuant to - 55 - Section 5.5 hereof, a notice to the owners of such Bonds that the deposit required by (ii) above has been made with the Trustee and that payment of said Bonds has been provided for in accordance with this Section and stating such maturity or redemption date upon which monies are to be available for the payment of the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on said Bonds. At such time as payment of any Bonds has been provided for as aforesaid, such Bonds shall no longer be secured by or entitled to the benefits of this Indenture. except for the purpose of any payment from such monies or securities deposited with the Trustee. The Company will use its best efforts to obtain from the Rating Agencies the assignment of a rating to the Bonds that have been defeased pursuant to this Section 7.1. The release of the obligations of the Issuer under this Section shall be without prejudice to the right of the Trustee to be paid reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder and all its reasonable expenses, charges and other disbursements incurred on or about the administration of the trust hereby created and the performance of its powers and duties hereunder. Section 7.2 LIABILITY OF ISSUER NOT DISCHARGED. Upon compliance with the provisions of Section 7.1 hereof with respect to all Bonds then Outstanding, this Indenture may be discharged in accordance with the provisions of this Article VII, but the liability of the Issuer in respect of such Bonds shall continue provided that the owners thereof shall thereafter be entitled to payment only out of the monies or securities deposited with the Trustee as provided in Section 7.1 hereof. - 56 - ARTICLE VIII DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES Section 8.1 EVENTS OF DEFAULT. Each of the following is hereby defined as and shall be deemed an "Event of Default": (a) default in the payment of the principal of or premium, if any, on any Bond when the same shall become due and payable, whether at the stated maturity thereof, on a sinking fund payment date, or upon proceedings for redemption; (b) default in the payment of any installment of interest on any Bond when the same shall become due and payable; (c) default shall be made in the observance or performance of any covenant, contract or other provision in the Bonds or this Indenture (other than as referred to in (a) or (b) of this Section and circumstances resulting in an Interest Rate Step-up, as defined herein) and such default shall continue for a period of 30 days after written notice to the Issuer and the Trustee from the owners of at least 25 percent in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds then Outstanding or to the Issuer from the Trustee specifying such default and requiring the same to be remedied; provided, with respect to any such failure covered by this subsection (c), no Event of Default shall be deemed to have occurred so long as a course of action adequate to remedy such failure shall have been commenced within such 30-day period and shall thereafter be diligently prosecuted to completion and the failure shall be remedied thereby; provided further, however, that failure to correct such default within 90 days after receipt of such notice shall constitute an Event of Default; and (d) the occurrence of an "event of default" under Section 10.1 of the Loan Agreement. Section 8.2 REMEDIES ON EVENTS OF DEFAULT. Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, the Trustee shall have the following rights and remedies: (a) Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default (as defined hereinabove or as hereinafter defined) other than an Event of Taxability, the rate of interest on the Bonds shall be adjusted so that at all times on and after the occurrence and continuation of the Event of Default, the Bonds shall bear interest at a rate equal to fourteen percent (14%) per annum (the "Default Rate") until such Event of Default has been cured. (b) ACCELERATION. The Trustee may, and upon the written request of the owners of not less than 25 percent aggregate principal amount of the sum of the Bonds then Outstanding shall, by notice in writing given to the Issuer and the Company, declare the principal amount of all Bonds then Outstanding and the interest accrued thereon to be immediately due - 57 - and payable and said principal and interest shall thereupon become immediately due and payable. Upon any declaration of acceleration hereunder, the Issuer and the Trustee shall immediately declare all Loan Payments under the Loan Agreement to be immediately due and payable as provided in Section 10.2 of the Loan Agreement. (c) LEGAL PROCEEDINGS. The Trustee may, by mandamus or other suit, action or proceeding at law or in equity, enforce the rights of the Bondholders and require the Issuer, the Company or any or both of them to carry out the Loan Agreement with or for the benefit of the Bondholders and to perform its or their duties under the Act, the Loan Agreement and this Indenture. The Trustee may also, by action or suit in equity, enjoin any acts or things which may be unlawful or in violation of the rights of the Bondholders. (d) RECEIVERSHIP. The Trustee shall be entitled as a matter of right without notice or demand (such notice being expressly waived hereby), ex parte, to the appointment of a receiver or receivers of the Trust Estate, and of the rents, revenues, income, products and profits thereof, pending such proceedings, but, notwithstanding the appointment of any receiver, trustee or other custodian, the Trustee shall be entitled to the possession and control of any cash, securities or other instruments at the time held by, or payable or deliverable under the provisions of this Indenture to, the Trustee. (e) SUIT FOR JUDGMENT ON THE BONDS. The Trustee shall be entitled to sue for and recover judgment, either before or after or during the pendency of any proceedings for the enforcement of the lien of this Indenture, for the enforcement of any of its rights, or the rights of the Bondholders hereunder, but any such judgment against the Issuer shall be enforceable only against the Trust Estate. No recovery of any judgment by the Trustee shall in any manner or to any extent affect the lien of this Indenture or any rights, powers or remedies of the Trustee hereunder, or any lien, rights, powers or remedies of the owners of the Bonds, but such lien, rights, powers and remedies of the Trustee, the Bondholders shall continue unimpaired as before. (f) REMEDIES UNDER AGREEMENT. The Trustee, as assignee of the Issuer, may exercise the remedies provided under the Loan Agreement upon an Event of Default. In the event written notice is given by the Bondholders to the Trustee under Section 8.1(c) hereof and upon due receipt of such notice by the Trustee, the Trustee shall immediately give notice with respect to such default to the Company. No right or remedy is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, but each and every such right or remedy shall be cumulative with respect to the Trustee and the Bondholders, and in addition to any other right or remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or by statute. If any Event of Default shall have occurred and if instructed and directed in writing by the owners of not less than the sum of a majority in aggregate principal amount of - 58 - Bonds then Outstanding and indemnified as provided in Section 9.1 hereof, the Trustee shall exercise such one or more of the rights and powers conferred by this Section as the Trustee, being advised by counsel, shall deem most expedient in the interests of the Bondholders or as may be set forth in such directions. Section 8.3 MAJORITY OF BONDHOLDERS AND HOLDERS OF PARITY INDEBTEDNESS MAY CONTROL PROCEEDINGS. Anything in this Indenture to the contrary notwithstanding and subject to prior notice to the Issuer, the owners of the sum of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds and Parity Indebtedness then Outstanding shall have the right, at any time, to the extent permitted by law, by an instrument or instruments in writing executed and delivered to the Trustee, to direct the time, method and place of conducting all proceedings to be taken in connection with the enforcement of the terms and conditions of this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver, or any other proceedings hereunder; provided that such direction shall not be otherwise than in accordance with the provisions hereof. The Trustee shall not be required to act on any direction given to it pursuant to this Section unless indemnified as provided in Section 9.1 hereof. Section 8.4 RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF BONDHOLDERS. No owner of any Bond or Parity Indebtedness shall have any right to institute any suit, action or proceeding in equity or at law for the enforcement of this Indenture or for the execution of any trust hereof or for the appointment of a receiver or any other remedy hereunder, unless a default has occurred of which the Trustee has been notified as provided in Section 9.1 hereof, or of which by said Section it is deemed to have notice, nor unless such default shall have become an Event of Default and the owners of the sum of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of Bonds then Outstanding shall have made written request to the Trustee and shall have offered ten (10) days either to proceed to exercise the powers hereinbefore granted or to institute such action, suit or proceeding in its own name, nor unless they have also offered to the Trustee indemnity as provided in Section 9.1 hereof nor unless the Trustee shall thereafter fail or refuse to exercise the powers hereinbefore granted, or to institute such action, suit or proceeding in its own name; and such notification, request and offer of indemnity are hereby declared in every case at the option of the Trustee to be conditions precedent to the execution of the powers and trusts of this Indenture, and to any action or cause of action for the enforcement of this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or for any other remedy hereunder; it being understood and intended that no one or more owners of the Bonds shall have the right in any manner whatsoever to affect, disturb or prejudice the lien of this Indenture by his, her or their action or to enforce any right hereunder except in the manner herein provided and that all proceedings at law or in equity shall be instituted, had and maintained in the manner herein provided and for the equal benefit of the owners of all Bonds then Outstanding. Nothing in this Indenture contained shall, however, affect or impair the right of any owner of Bonds to enforce the payment, by the institution of any suit, action or proceeding in equity or at law, of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Bond at and after the maturity thereof, or the obligation of the Issuer to pay the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on each of the Bonds to the respective owners of the Bonds at the time and place, from the source and in the manner herein and in the Bonds expressed. - 59 - Section 8.5 APPLICATION OF MONIES. All monies received by the Trustee pursuant to any reasonable right given or action taken under the provisions of this Article shall, after payment of the fees of the Trustee, costs and expenses of the proceedings resulting in the collection of such monies and the expenses, liabilities and advances incurred or made by the Trustee, first, to the extent of any deficiency of required amounts in the Rebate Fund be deposited in the Rebate Fund, and thereafter shall be held in trust and all monies so deposited in the Bond Principal Fund and the Bond Interest Fund and all monies held or deposited in the Bond Principal Fund and the Bond Interest Fund during the continuance of an Event of Default shall be applied as follows: (a) Unless the principal of all the Bonds and Parity Indebtedness shall have become or shall have been declared due and payable, all such monies shall be applied: FIRST--for so long as the Initial Bondholder beneficially owns 100% of the Bonds, to the payment of the beneficial holder of the Bonds maturing December 1, 2012, in satisfaction of installments of interest and then to the extent available, principal and premium, if any, due to the beneficial holder of the Bonds maturing December 1, 2012; otherwise to the persons entitled thereto of all installments of interest and Parity Indebtedness in the order of the maturity of the installments of such interest and, if the amount available shall not be sufficient to pay in full any particular installment, then to the payment ratably, according to the amounts due on such installment, to the persons entitled thereto, without any discrimination or privilege; and SECOND--for so long as the Initial Bondholder beneficially owns 100% of the Bonds, to the payment of the beneficial holder of the Bonds maturing December 1, 2024, in satisfaction of installments of interest and then principal and premium, if any, due to the beneficial holder of the Bonds maturing December 1, 2024; otherwise (in the event that the Initial Bondholder is not the beneficial owner of 100% of the Bonds) to the payment to the persons entitled thereto of the unpaid principal of and premium, if any, on any of the Bonds and Parity Indebtedness which shall have become due (other than Bonds called for redemption for the payment of which moneys are held pursuant to the provisions of the Indenture), in the order of their due dates, with interest on the unpaid principal of and premium, if any, on such Bonds from the respective dates upon which they became due, at the Default Rate and, if the amount available shall not be sufficient to pay in full such Bonds due on any particular date, together with such interest, then to the payment ratably, according to the amount of principal due on such date, to the persons entitled thereto, without any discrimination or privilege. (b) If the principal of all the Bonds and Parity Indebtedness shall have become due or shall have been declared due and payable, all such moneys shall be applied (i) for so long as the Initial Bondholder beneficially owns 100% of the Bonds, to the payment of interest (at the Default Rate) and then principal and premium, if any, then due to the beneficial holder of the Bonds maturing December 1, 2024 and then (ii) to the extent that sums remain thereafter available, to the payment of interest (at the default Rate) and then principal and premium, if any, - 60 - then due to the beneficial holder of the Bonds maturing December 1, 2024; otherwise (in the event that the Initial Bondholder is not the beneficial owner of 100% of the Bonds) to the payment of the principal and interest then due and unpaid upon all of the Bonds, together with interest on overdue installments of principal at a rate which shall be equal to the Default Rate), without preference or priority of principal over interest or of interest over principal, or of any installment of interest over any other installment of interest, or of any such Bond over any other such Bond, ratably, according to the amounts due respectively for principal and interest, to the persons entitled thereto without any discrimination or privilege. (c) If the principal of all the Bonds and Parity Indebtedness shall have been declared due and payable, and if such declaration shall thereafter have been rescinded and annulled under the provisions of this Article then, subject to the provisions of paragraph (b) of this Section in the event that the principal of all the Bonds and Parity Indebtedness shall later become due or be declared due and payable, the monies shall be applied in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (a) of this Section. Whenever monies are to be applied pursuant to the provisions of this Section, such monies shall be applied at such times, and from time to time, as the Trustee shall determine, having due regard to the amount of such monies available for application and the likelihood of additional monies becoming available for such application in the future. Whenever the Trustee shall apply such funds, it shall fix the date (which shall be an Interest Payment Date unless it shall deem another date more suitable) upon which such application is to be made, and upon such date interest on the amounts of principal to be paid on such dates shall cease to accrue. The Trustee shall give such notice as it may deem appropriate of the deposit of any such monies and of the fixing of any such date, and shall not be required to make payment to the owner of any Bond and Parity Indebtedness until such Bond and Parity Indebtedness shall be presented to the Trustee for appropriate endorsement or for cancellation if fully paid. Whenever all of the Bonds and Parity Indebtedness and interest thereon have been paid under the provisions of this Section and all expenses and fees of the Trustee and all other amounts to be paid to the Issuer hereunder or under the Loan Agreement have been paid, any balance remaining in the Funds shall be paid as provided in Section 3.13 hereof. Section 8.6 TRUSTEE MAY ENFORCE RIGHTS WITHOUT BONDS. All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or any of the Bonds Outstanding hereunder may be enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Bonds or the production thereof in any trial or proceedings relative thereto; and any suit or proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its name as Trustee, without the necessity of joining as plaintiffs or defendants any owners of the Bonds, and any recovery of judgment shall be for the ratable benefit of the owners of the Bonds subject to the provisions of this Indenture. - 61 - Section 8.7 TRUSTEE TO FILE PROOFS OF CLAIM IN RECEIVERSHIP, ETC In the case of any receivership, insolvency, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or other judicial proceedings affecting the Trust Estate or the Company, the Issuer or the Trustee shall, to the extent permitted by law, be entitled to file such proofs of claims and other documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have claims of the Trustee and of the Bondholders allowed in such proceedings for the entire amount due and payable by the Issuer under this Indenture, or by the Company, as the case may be, at the date of the institution of such proceedings and for any additional amounts which may become due and payable by it after such date, without prejudice, however, to the right of any Bondholder to file a claim in his own behalf. Section 8.8 DELAY OR OMISSION NO WAIVER. No delay or omission of the Trustee, any Bondholder or any holder to exercise any right or power accruing upon any default shall exhaust or impair any such right or power or shall be construed to be a waiver of any such default, or acquiescence therein; and every power and remedy given by this Indenture may be exercised from time to time and as often as may be deemed expedient. Section 8.9 NO WAIVER OF ONE DEFAULT TO AFFECT ANOTHER. No waiver of any default hereunder, whether by the Trustee, the Bondholders, shall extend to or affect any subsequent or any other then existing default or shall impair any rights or remedies consequent thereon. Section 8.10 DISCONTINUANCE OF PROCEEDINGS ON DEFAULT; POSITION OF PARTIES RESTORED. In case the Trustee shall have proceeded to enforce any rights under this Indenture and such proceedings shall have been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or shall have been determined adversely to the Trustee, then and in every such case the Issuer and the Trustee shall be restored to their former positions and rights hereunder with respect to the Trust Estate, and all rights, remedies and powers of the Trustee shall continue as if no such proceedings had been taken. Section 8.11 WAIVERS OF EVENTS OF DEFAULT. Subject to prior written notice to and prior written consent of the Issuer, the Trustee may in its discretion waive any Event of Default hereunder and its consequences and rescind any declaration of maturity of principal of and interest on the Bonds, and shall do so upon the written request of the owners of the sum of a majority in aggregate principal amount of all the Bonds then Outstanding in respect of which default exists; provided, however, that there shall not be waived (i) any Event of Default in the payment of the principal of or premium on any Outstanding Bonds at the date of maturity or redemption thereof, or any default in the payment when due of the interest on any such Bonds, unless prior to such waiver or rescission, all arrears of interest or all arrears of payments of principal and premium, if any (with interest upon such principal and premium, if any, at a rate which shall be 1 percent per annum above the highest rate of interest borne by any Bond during the 365 days prior to the date on which such principal and premium, if any, were due or the maximum rate permitted by law if less than such rate aforesaid) and all expenses of the Trustee, and all amounts to be paid to the Issuer hereunder and under the Loan Agreement, in connection with such default shall have been paid or provided for or (ii) any default in the payment of - 62 - amounts set forth in Section 5.1(d) of the Loan Agreement. In case of any such waiver or rescission, or in case any proceedings taken by the Trustee on account of any such default shall have been discontinued or abandoned or determined adversely to the Trustee, then and in every such case the Issuer, the Trustee, the Bondholders shall be restored to their former positions and rights hereunder, respectively, but no such waiver or rescission shall extend to or affect any subsequent or other default, or impair any rights or remedies consequent thereon. Section 8.12 TRUSTEE TO NOTIFY PARTIES OF DEFAULT AND DISCLOSE INFORMATION RELATING TO DEFAULT. The Trustee shall immediately notify in writing the Issuer and the Company of any default hereunder of which it has actual knowledge or the occurrence of any Event of Default. The Trustee shall notify as within five (5) Business Days in writing all Bondholders and Notice Beneficial Owners of the occurrence of any Event of Default and shall make available to such Bondholders information reasonably requested of the Trustee concerning the Event of Default, the Bonds, the Company, and such other information relevant to the Event of Default, subject to the provisions of Section 9.01 hereof. ARTICLE IX CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE Section 9.1 DUTIES OF THE TRUSTEE. The Trustee hereby accepts the trusts imposed upon it by this Indenture and agrees to perform said trusts, but only upon and subject to the following express terms and conditions, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee: (a) The Trustee, prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default and after the curing of all Events of Default which may have occurred, undertakes to perform such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture. In case an Event of Default has occurred (which has not been cured or waived), the Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of the affairs of others. (b) The Trustee may execute any of the trusts hereof or powers hereunder and perform any of its duties by or through attorneys, agents, receivers or employees but shall be answerable for the conduct of the same in accordance with the standard specified above, only if the Trustee has not exercised reasonable care in the selection thereof and shall be entitled to act upon an opinion of independent counsel concerning all matters of the trust hereof and its duties hereunder, and may in all cases pay such reasonable compensation to all such attorneys, agents, receivers and employees as may reasonably be employed in connection with the trusts hereof. The Trustee may act upon an opinion of independent counsel and shall not be responsible for any loss or damage resulting from any action or nonaction taken by or omitted to be taken in good faith in reliance upon such opinion of independent counsel. - 63 - (c) The Trustee shall not be responsible for any recital herein or in the Bonds (except in respect to the certificate of authentication of the Trustee endorsed on the Bonds), or for insuring the Property or collecting any insurance monies or for the validity of the execution by the Issuer of this Indenture or of any supplements hereto or instruments of further assurance, or for the sufficiency of the security for the Bonds issued hereunder or intended to be secured hereby, or for the value of or title to the assets of the Company and the Trustee shall not be bound to ascertain or inquire as to the performance or observance of any covenants, conditions or agreements on the part of the Issuer, except as hereinafter set forth; but the Trustee may require of the Issuer or the Company full information and advice as to the performance of the covenants, conditions and agreements as to the condition of the assets of the Company contained herein or in the Loan Agreement. The Trustee shall not be accountable for the use or application by the Issuer or the Company of any of the Bonds or the proceeds thereof or the use or application of any money paid over by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture. The Trustee shall have no obligation to perform any of the duties of the Issuer under the Loan Agreement; and the Trustee shall not be responsible or liable for any loss suffered in connection with any investment of funds made by it in accordance with Section 6.1 hereof. (d) The Trustee shall not be accountable for the use of any Bonds authenticated or delivered hereunder. The Trustee may not hold Bonds for its own account. (e) The Trustee shall be protected in acting upon any notice, request, consent, certificate, order, affidavit, letter, telegram or other paper or document believed to be genuine and correct and to have been signed or sent by the proper person or persons. Any action taken by the Trustee pursuant to this Indenture upon the request or authority or consent of any person who at the time of making such request or giving such authority or consent is the owner of any Bonds shall be conclusive and binding upon all future owners of the same Bond and upon Bonds issued in place thereof. (f) As to the existence or nonexistence of any fact or as to the sufficiency or validity of any instrument, paper or proceeding, the Trustee shall be entitled to rely upon a certificate signed on behalf of the Issuer by an Issuer Representative or such other person as may be designated for such purpose by the Issuer as sufficient evidence of the facts therein contained, and prior to the occurrence of a default of which the Trustee has been notified as provided in subsection (h) of this Section, or of which by said subsection it is deemed to have notice, shall also be at liberty to accept a similar certificate to the effect that any particular dealing, transaction or action is necessary or expedient, but may at its discretion secure such further evidence deemed necessary or advisable, but shall in no case be bound to secure the same. (g) The permissive rights of the Trustee to do things enumerated in this Indenture shall not be construed as a duty and the Trustee shall not be answerable for other than its negligence or willful default, subject to Section 9.1(a) hereof. - 64 - (h) The Trustee shall not be required to take notice or be deemed to have notice of any default hereunder except failure by the Issuer to cause to be made any of the payments to the Trustee required to be made by Article III hereof unless the Trustee shall be specifically notified in writing of such default by the Issuer or by the owners of at least 25 percent in aggregate principal amount of Bonds then Outstanding, and all notices or other instruments required by this Indenture to be delivered to the Trustee must, in order to be effective, be delivered at the principal corporate trust office of the Trustee; in the absence of such notice so delivered, the Trustee may conclusively assume that there is no default except as aforesaid. (i) All monies received by the Trustee shall, until used or applied or invested as herein provided, be held in trust in the manner and for the purposes for which they were received but need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by this Indenture or law. The Trustee shall not be under any liability for interest on any monies received hereunder except such as may be agreed upon. (j) At any and all reasonable times, the Trustee, and its duly authorized agents, attorneys, experts, engineers, accountants and representatives, shall have the right, but shall not be required, to inspect any and all of the Trust Estate, including all books, papers and records of the Issuer pertaining to the Project and the Bonds. (k) The Trustee shall not be required to give any note or surety in respect of the execution of the said trusts and powers or otherwise in respect of the premises. (l) Notwithstanding anything in this Indenture contained, the Trustee shall have the right, but shall not be required, to demand, in respect of the authentication of any Bonds, the withdrawal of any cash, the release of any property, or any action whatsoever within the purview of this Indenture, any showings, certificates, opinions, appraisals or other information, or corporate action or evidence thereof, in addition to that by the terms hereof required, as a condition of such action by the Trustee deemed desirable for the purpose of establishing the right of the Issuer to the authentication of any Bonds, the withdrawal of any cash, the release of any property or the taking of any other action by the Trustee. (m) Before taking any action under Section 8.2, 8.3 or 8.4 hereof, the Trustee may require that reasonable indemnity be furnished to it by the owners of the Bonds and for the reimbursement of all expenses which it may incur and to protect it against all liability, except liability which may result from its negligence or willful default, by reason of any action so taken. (n) The Trustee may deposit the property held in the Funds with a court of general jurisdiction in the city in which the Trustee is located, or the Issuer may file an action to interplead the Trust Estate and the Company, the Issuer and any other appropriate parties to such action in the event of the Trustee's resignation hereunder and the failure of a successor trustee to succeed to the duties of the Trustee hereunder within 90 days of the giving of notice of the - 65 - Trustee's resignation. Upon the deposit of such property and the filing of a complaint in interpleader, the Trustee shall be relieved of all liabilities and duties under the Loan Agreement and this Indenture. The Issuer and the Company shall thereupon submit themselves to the jurisdiction of the District Court. (o) In the event there occurs a conflict of interest arising as the result of the Trustee's acting as Trustee or in fiduciary capacity with respect to other Indebtedness of the Company, the Trustee shall appoint a Co-Trustee with respect to the Bonds. Section 9.2 FEE AND EXPENSES OF TRUSTEE. The Trustee shall be entitled to payment and reimbursement for its reasonable fees for its services rendered hereunder as and when the same become due and all expenses reasonably and necessarily made or incurred by the Trustee in connection with such services as and when the same become due as provided in Section 5.1 of the Loan Agreement. The Trustee shall not be entitled to payment of any expenses it incurs related to such resignation upon its resignation as Trustee hereunder unless such resignation is made in relation to the exercise by the Trustee of its rights of interpleader hereunder. Notwithstanding any provision in this Indenture or the Loan Agreement to the contrary, any reference or covenant set forth in this Indenture or the Loan Agreement for the payment or remuneration of (i) the reasonable fees, compensation, charges or remuneration of the Trustee, or the like, shall be deemed to reference and include Trustee's fees and extraordinary Trustee's fees including reasonable default fees of Trustee upon the occurrence of an Event of Default incurred as a result of the administration of the duties of the Trustee hereunder, and (ii) reasonable expenses, costs, out-of-pocket costs, or other reimbursable charges, or the like, shall be deemed to reference and include reasonable attorney's fees, fees and expenses of independent contractors or agents incurred in the course of the administration of the duties of the Trustee hereunder, and other customary and reimbursable expenditures. Section 9.3 RESIGNATION OR REPLACEMENT OF TRUSTEE. The Trustee may resign by giving to the Issuer, the Beneficial Owners and the Bondholders 90 days' notice of such resignation, provided, however that no such resignation shall become effective until a successor has been appointed and has accepted the duties of Trustee. The present or any future Trustee may be removed at any time by the Bondholders by an instrument in writing, executed by the Issuer and the Company, so long as the Company is not in default or by the owners of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds then Outstanding; provided, however, that no such removal shall become effective until a successor has been appointed and has accepted the duties of Trustee hereunder. In case the Trustee shall at any time resign or be removed or otherwise become incapable of acting, subject to the prior written approval of the Issuer, a successor may be appointed by the owners of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds Outstanding by an instrument or concurrent instruments signed by such Bondholders, or their attorneys-in-fact duly appointed; provided that the Issuer may appoint a successor until a new successor shall - 66 - be appointed by the Bondholders as herein authorized. The Issuer upon making such appointment shall forthwith give notice thereof to the Bondholders and to the Company, which notice may be given concurrently with the notice of resignation given by any resigning Trustee. Any successor so appointed by the Issuer shall immediately and without further act be superseded by a successor appointed in the manner above provided by the owners of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds Outstanding. Every successor shall always be a bank or trust company (or a subsidiary thereof) in good standing, qualified to act hereunder, and having a combined capital, surplus and undivided profits of not less than $25,000,000. An successor appointed hereunder shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Issuer an instrument accepting such appointment hereunder, and thereupon such successor shall, without any further act, deed or conveyance, become vested with all the estates, properties, rights, powers and trusts of its predecessor in the trust hereunder with like effect as if originally named as Trustee herein; but the Trustee retiring shall, nevertheless, on the written demand of its successor, execute and deliver an instrument conveying and transferring to such successor, upon the trusts herein expressed, all the estates, properties, rights, powers and trusts of the predecessor, who shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to the successor all properties and monies held by it under this Indenture. Should any instrument in writing from the Issuer be reasonably required by any successor for such vesting and confirming, the Issuer shall execute, acknowledge and deliver the said deeds, conveyances and instruments on the request of such successor. The notices herein provided for, to be given to the Bondholders, shall be given by mailing a copy of such notices by first class mail to the Bondholders at their addresses as the same shall last appear upon the registration books. The notice herein provided for to be given to the Issuer, the Company and the retiring Trustee, shall be given in accordance with Section 11.07 hereof. The instruments evidencing the resignation or removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor hereunder, together with all other instruments provided for in this Section, shall be filed and/or recorded by the successor Trustee in each recording office where this Indenture shall have been filed and/or recorded. Section 9.4 CONVERSION, CONSOLIDATION OR MERGER OF TRUSTEE. Any bank or trust company into which the Trustee or its successor may be converted or merged, or with which it may be consolidated, or to which it may sell or transfer its trust business as a whole shall be the successor of the Trustee under this Indenture with the same rights, powers, duties and obligations and subject to the same restrictions, limitations and liabilities as its predecessor, all without the execution or filing of any papers or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto, anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding. In case any of the Bonds to be issued hereunder shall have been authenticated, but not delivered, any successor Trustee may adopt the certificate of any predecessor Trustee, and deliver the same as authenticated; and, in case any of such - 67 - Bonds shall not have been authenticated, any successor Trustee may authenticate such Bonds in the name of such successor Trustee. Section 9.5 TRUSTEE TO RETAIN INFORMATION. So long as any of the Bonds shall be Outstanding, the Trustee shall retain all certificates, financial statements and other written information furnished to it by or on behalf of the Company, the Issuer or any other Person under this Indenture, the Loan Agreement and any other agreement or instrument pertaining to the Bonds and shall make such documentation available for review after reasonable notice during regular business hours at the principal corporate trust office of the Trustee to any Bondholder and to any Beneficial Owner. The Trustee shall permit such reviewers to take copies of all or any part of such documentation, subject to their payment of such reasonable copying and handling charges as the Trustee may impose. In addition, the Trustee shall be required to report to Bondholders and Beneficial Owners who have provided their addresses to the Trustee any withdrawals from the Reserve Fund. Section 9.6 GUARANTY AGREEMENT. The Issuer hereby authorizes and directs the Trustee to draw on the Principal Guaranty pursuant to its terms, in the amounts and at the times necessary to pay principal of and interest on the Bonds pursuant to this Section 9.6. The Trustee shall draw upon the Principal Guaranty in accordance with the terms thereof as herein provided. (a) On or before 11:00 a.m., local time at the designated office of the Trustee on the second Business Day prior to any Interest Payment Date (or the maturity date or any date set for redemption on Bonds which is not an Interest Payment Date), the Trustee shall determine the amount necessary to make all required payments of principal and interest on the Bonds on the next succeeding Interest Payment Date, maturity date, other redemption date, after giving effect to any permitted transfers from the Reserve Fund, and shall present a demand to the Guarantor in such amount, after giving credit to the amounts on deposit therefore in the Bond Principal Fund or Bond Interest Fund, subject to the terms of the Principal Guaranty, so as to permit the timely transfer of funds from the Guarantor to the Trustee for payment of the principal of and interest on the Bonds when due, whether at maturity or upon prior redemption. (b) The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company and each Notice Beneficial Owner by oral or telephonic communication confirmed in writing if the Guarantor has not transferred funds in accordance with the Principal Guaranty upon the presentment of any such demand. (c) In calculating the amount to be drawn on the Principal Guaranty for the payment of principal of and interest on the Bonds, whether on an Interest Payment Date, at maturity or upon redemption or acceleration, the Trustee shall take into account the receipt of funds from the Company under the Loan Agreement. - 68 - (d) Upon satisfaction of the conditions for the release of the Principal Guaranty in accordance with the terms thereof, the Trustee shall execute such releases or similar documents as may be reasonably requested by the Company or the Guarantor. - 69 - ARTICLE X SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES AND AMENDMENTS OF THE LOAN AGREEMENT Section 10.1 SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES. The owners of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds then Outstanding shall have the right, from time to time, to consent to and approve the execution by the Issuer and the Trustee of such indenture or indentures supplemental hereto as shall be deemed necessary or desirable by the Issuer for the purpose of modifying, altering, amending, adding to or rescinding, in any particular, any of the terms or provisions contained in this Indenture; provided, however, that without the consent of the owners of all the Bonds at the time Outstanding, nothing herein contained shall permit, or be construed as permitting: (a) an extension of the maturity of, or a reduction of the principal amount of, or a reduction of the rate of, or extension of the time of payment of interest on, or a reduction of a premium payable upon any redemption of, any Bond; (b) the deprivation of the owner of any Bond then Outstanding of the lien created by this Indenture (other than as permitted hereby when such Bond was initially issued); (c) a privilege or priority of any Bond or Bonds over any other Bond or Bonds except as specifically permitted by this Indenture; or (d) a reduction in the aggregate principal amount of the Bonds required for consent to such supplemental indenture. If at any time the Issuer shall request the Trustee to enter into such supplemental indenture for any of the purposes of this Section, the Trustee shall, upon being reasonably indemnified by the Company with respect to expenses, cause notice of the proposed execution of such supplemental indenture to be given to the Issuer and the Company in accordance with Section 11.7 hereof and to the Notice Beneficial Owners and the Bondholders by mailing a copy of such notice by first class mail to their addresses as the same shall last appear upon the registration books. Such notice shall briefly set forth the nature of the proposed supplemental indenture and shall state that copies thereof are on file at the designated corporate trust office of the Trustee for inspection by all Bondholders and Beneficial Owners. If, within 60 days following the giving of such notice, the owners of the requisite principal amount of the Bonds Outstanding at the time of the execution of any such supplemental indenture shall have consented to and approved the execution thereof as herein provided, no owner of any Bond shall have any right to object to any of the terms and provisions contained therein, or the operation thereof, or in any manner to question the propriety of the execution thereof, or to enjoin or - 70 - restrain the Trustee or the Issuer from executing the same or from taking any action pursuant to the provisions thereof. Section 10.2 EXECUTION OF SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES. The Trustee is authorized to join with the Issuer in the execution of any such supplemental indenture and to make further agreements and stipulations which may be contained therein, but the Trustee shall not be obligated to enter into any such supplemental indenture which affects its rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture. Any supplemental indenture executed in accordance with the provisions of this Article shall thereafter form a part of this Indenture and all the terms and conditions contained in any such supplemental indenture as to any provision authorized to be contained therein shall be deemed to be part of this Indenture for any and all purposes. In case of the execution and delivery of any supplemental indenture, express reference may be made thereto in the text of the Bonds issued thereafter. Section 10.3 AMENDMENTS, ETC., OF THE LOAN AGREEMENT. Neither the Issuer nor the Trustee shall consent to any other amendment, change or modification of the Loan Agreement without the giving of notice and the written approval or consent of the owners of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds at the time Outstanding. Such notice and consent shall be given and procured as provided in Section 10.2 hereof. If at any time the Issuer or the Company shall request the consent of the Trustee to any such proposed amendment, change or modification of the Loan Agreement, the Trustee shall, upon being reasonably indemnified by the Company with respect to expenses, cause notice of such proposed amendment, change or modification to be given in the same manner as provided in Section 10.2 hereof. Such notice shall briefly set forth the nature of such proposed amendment, change or modification and shall state that copies of the instrument embodying the same are on file at the principal office of the Trustee for inspection by all Bondholders. - 71 - ARTICLE XI MISCELLANEOUS Section 11.1 EVIDENCE OF SIGNATURE OF BONDHOLDERS AND OWNERSHIP OF BONDS. Any request, consent or other instrument which this Indenture may require or permit to be signed and executed by the Bondholders may be in one or more instruments and executed by such Bondholders in person or by their attorneys appointed in writing. Proof of the execution of any such instrument, or of an instrument appointing such attorney, or the ownership of Bonds shall be sufficient (except as otherwise herein expressly provided) if made in the following manner, but the Trustee may, nevertheless, in its discretion require further or other proof in cases where it deems the same desirable: (a) the fact and date of the execution by any Bondholder or his attorney of such instrument may be proved by the certificate of any officer authorized to take acknowledgments in the jurisdiction in which he purports to act that the person signing such request or other instrument acknowledged to him the execution thereof, or by an affidavit of a witness of such execution, duly sworn to before a notary public; and (b) the Ownership of any Bonds and the amount and numbers of such Bonds and the date of holding the same shall be proved by the registration books of the Issuer kept by the Trustee. Any request or consent of the owner of any Bond shall bind all future owners of such Bond in respect of anything done or suffered to be done by the Issuer or the Trustee in accordance therewith. Section 11.2 PARTIES INTERESTED HEREIN. With the exception of rights herein expressly conferred on the Company, nothing in this Indenture expressed or implied is intended or shall be construed to confer upon, or to give to, any person other than the Issuer, the Trustee and the owners of the Bonds, any right, remedy or claim under or by reason of this Indenture or any covenant, condition or stipulation hereof, and all the covenants, stipulations, promises and agreements in this Indenture contained by and on behalf of the Issuer shall be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the Issuer, the Trustee, and the owners of the Bonds. Section 11.3 TITLES, HEADINGS, ETC The titles and headings of the articles, sections and subsections of this Indenture have been inserted for the convenience of reference only and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof. Section 11.4 SEVERABILITY. In the event any provision of this Indenture shall be held invalid or unenforceable by any court of competent jurisdiction, such holding shall not invalidate or render unenforceable any other provision hereof. - 72 - Section 11.5 GOVERNING LAW. This Indenture shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Oklahoma. Section 11.6 EXECUTION IN COUNTERPARTS. This Indenture may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be an original and all of which shall constitute but one and the same instrument. Section 11.7 NOTICES. All notices, certificates, directions or other communications hereunder shall be sufficiently given and shall be deemed given when mailed by certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, or by first-class mail, if this Indenture so provides, addressed as follows: Issuer: Cleveland County Industrial Authority c/o Board of Cleveland County Commissioners 605 E. Robinson Norman, Oklahoma 73071 Attn: Secretary With copy to: R. Lindsay Bailey, Esq. Issuer's Counsel 303 E. Eufaula Norman, Oklahoma 73102 Trustee: J.P. Morgan Trust Company, National Association Corporate Trust Department 1200 N.W. 63rd Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73116 Attn: Brenda Batchelor Company: Vaughan Foods, Inc. 216 NE 12th Street Moore, Oklahoma 73160 Attn: Stan Gustas, Financial Consultant Underwriter: Gates Capital Corporation 100 Park Avenue, 22nd Floor New York, New York 10017 A duplicate copy of each notice, certificate or other communication given hereunder by or to the Issuer or the Trustee shall also be given to the Company, the Underwriter and each Notice Beneficial Owner. Alternatively, all notices, certificates or other communications hereunder may be given by telegram or by telecopy (if confirmed promptly telephonically and in writing by the sender of such notice and if receipt of such notice by telecopy is confirmed in writing by the - 73 - intended recipient). The Issuer, the Company, the Underwriter and the Trustee may, by notice given hereunder, designate any further or different addresses to which subsequent notices, certificates or other communications shall be sent. Section 11.8 PAYMENTS DUE ON NONBUSINESS DAYS. If the date for making any payment or the last day for performance of any act or the exercise of any right, as provided in this Indenture, shall not be a Business Day, such payment may be made or act performed or right exercised on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if done on the nominal date provided in this Indenture. Section 11.9 SUBORDINATION TO SENIOR LOAN. In the event the Company shall certify to the Trustee that any Senior Loan shall be refinanced pursuant to the incurrence by the Company of Indebtedness on terms more favorable to the Company than terms of the Senior Loan being refinanced, the Trustee shall, upon reasonable indemnification by the Company as herein provided, execute such consents, subordination provisions or similar documents with respect to the Senior Loan to the effect that the Senior Loan shall be secured by a Lien on the Pledged Property senior in priority to the Lien of the Loan Agreement. Section 11.10 PROVISION OF GENERAL APPLICATION. Any consent or approval of the Issuer or Trustee required pursuant to this Indenture shall be in writing and shall not be unreasonably withheld. Any direction given to the Trustee shall be in writing. - 74 - IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Issuer and the Trustee have caused this Indenture to be executed in their respective corporate names and attested by their duly authorized Officers and the Trustee has caused its corporate seal to be hereto affixed, all as of the date first above written. CLEVELAND COUNTY INDUSTRIAL AUTHORITY By: /s/Charles Thompson ------------------- Title: Charles Thompson Chairman Attest: By: /s/Donna Roberts ---------------- Donna Roberts Secretary [SEAL] J.P. MORGAN TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Trustee By: /s/ Brenda Batchelor -------------------- Title: Brenda E. Batchelor Vice-President - 75 - STATE OF OKLAHOMA ) ) ss. COUNTY OF OKLAHOMA ) The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this 16th day of December, 2004, by Charles Thompson, Chairman and Donna Roberts, Secretary, Cleveland County Industrial Authority, a public trust, on behalf of the trust. Witness my hand and official seal. My commission expires: --------------------- [SEAL] ---------------------------------------- Notary Public STATE OF OKLAHOMA ) ) ss. COUNTY OF OKLAHOMA ) The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this 16th day of December, 2004, by Brenda E. Batchelor, Vice-President, J.P. Morgan Trust Company, National Association. Witness my hand and official seal. My commission expires: --------------------- [SEAL] ---------------------------------------- Notary Public - 76 -
EX-4.7 13 c44364_ex4-7.txt EX-4.7 PROMISSORY NOTE ================================================================================ Borrower: Vaughan Foods, Inc. Lender: CNL Commercial Finance, Inc., 216 NE 12th Street a Delaware Corporation Moore, OK 73160 26137 La Paz Road, Suite 102 Mission Viejo, CA 92691 ================================================================================ Principal Amount: Initial Rate: Date of Note: $3,500,000.00 5.110% July 2, 2003 PROMISE TO PAY. VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. ("BORROWER") PROMISES TO PAY TO CNL COMMERCIAL FINANCE, INC., A DELAWARE CORPORATION ("LENDER"), OR ORDER, IN LAWFUL MONEY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, THE PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF THREE MILLION FIVE HUNDRED THOUSAND & 00/100 DOLLARS ($3,500,000.00), TOGETHER WITH INTEREST ON THE UNPAID PRINCIPAL BALANCE FROM JULY 2, 2003, UNTIL PAID IN FULL. PAYMENT. SUBJECT TO ANY PAYMENT CHANGES RESULTING FROM CHANGES IN THE INDEX, BORROWER WILL PAY THIS LOAN IN 300 PAYMENTS OF $20,840.14 EACH PAYMENT. BORROWER'S FIRST PAYMENT IS DUE SEPTEMBER 1, 2003, AND ALL SUBSEQUENT PAYMENTS ARE DUE ON THE SAME DAY OF EACH MONTH AFTER THAT. BORROWER'S FINAL PAYMENT WILL BE DUE ON AUGUST 1, 2028, AND WILL BE FOR ALL PRINCIPAL AND ALL ACCRUED INTEREST NOT YET PAID. PAYMENTS INCLUDE PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST. UNLESS OTHERWISE AGREED OR REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW, PAYMENTS WILL BE APPLIED FIRST TO ANY ACCRUED UNPAID INTEREST; THEN TO PRINCIPAL; THEN TO ANY UNPAID COLLECTION COSTS; AND THEN TO ANY LATE CHARGES. THE ANNUAL INTEREST RATE FOR THIS NOTE IS COMPUTED ON A 365/360 BASIS; THAT IS, BY APPLYING THE RATIO OF THE ANNUAL INTEREST RATE OVER A YEAR OF 360 DAYS, MULTIPLIED BY THE OUTSTANDING PRINCIPAL BALANCE, MULTIPLIED BY THE ACTUAL NUMBER OF DAYS THAT PRINCIPAL BALANCE IS OUTSTANDING. BORROWER WILL PAY LENDER AT LENDER'S ADDRESS SHOWN ABOVE OR AT SUCH OTHER PLACE AS LENDER MAY DESIGNATE IN WRITING. VARIABLE INTEREST RATE. The interest rate on this Note is subject to change from time to time based on changes in an independent index which is the 3 Month LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rates) as published in the Wall Street Journal (the "Index"). The Index is not necessarily the lowest rate charged by Lender on its loans. If the Index becomes unavailable during the term of this loan, Lender may designate a substitute index after notice to Borrower. Lender will tell Borrower the current Index rate upon Borrower's request. The interest rate change will not occur more often than each first day of each Calendar Quarter. Borrower understands that Lender may make loans based on other rates as well. THE INDEX CURRENTLY IS 1.110%. THE INTEREST RATE TO BE APPLIED TO THE UNPAID PRINCIPAL BALANCE OF THIS NOTE WILL BE AT A RATE OF 4.000 PERCENTAGE POINTS OVER THE INDEX, RESULTING IN AN INITIAL RATE OF 5.110%. NOTICE: under no circumstances will the interest rate on this Note be more than the maximum rate allowed by applicable law. Whenever increases occur in the interest rate, Lender, at its option, may do one or more of the following: (A) increase Borrower's payments to ensure Borrower's loan will pay off by its original final maturity date, (B) increase Borrower's payments to cover accruing interest, (C) increase the number of Borrower's payments, and (D) continue Borrower's payments at the same amount and increase Borrower's final payment. PREPAYMENT FEE. Borrower agrees that all loan fees and other prepaid finance charges are earned fully as of the date of the loan and will not be subject to refund upon early payment (whether voluntary or as a result of default), except as otherwise required by law. UPON PREPAYMENT OF THIS NOTE, LENDER IS ENTITLED TO THE FOLLOWING PREPAYMENT FEE: BORROWER MAY REPAY WITHOUT ANY PREPAYMENT PREMIUM UP TO TWENTY PERCENT (20%) OF THE THEN OUTSTANDING PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF THIS NOTE DURING EACH OF THE FIRST FIVE (5) YEARS (EACH A "NOTE YEAR") FOLLOWING DELIVERY OF THIS NOTE (ON A NONCUMULATIVE BASIS) (EACH A "PERMITTED PREPAYMENT"), EXCEPT THAT NO "PERMITTED PREPAYMENT" MAY BE MADE AT THE TIME OF A FULL REPAYMENT OF THE NOTE WHICH EXCEEDS 20% OF THE THEN OUTSTANDING PRINCIPAL NOTE BALANCE. BORROWER SHALL PAY TO LENDER, IN ADDITION TO ALL OTHER AMOUNTS DUE UNDER THE NOTE, A PREPAYMENT PREMIUM EQUAL TO THREE PERCENT (3%) OF THE THEN OUTSTANDING PRINCIPAL NOTE BALANCE IF PAID IN FULL OR THREE PERCENT (3%) OF ANY PRINCIPAL REPAID IN ANY NOTE YEAR IN EXCESS OF THE PERMITTED PREPAYMENT FOR SUCH NOTE YEAR. FIVE (5) OR MORE YEARS AFTER DELIVERY OF THIS NOTE, BORROWER MAY REPAY THE NOTE IN WHOLE OR IN PART WITHOUT ANY PREPAYMENT PREMIUM WHATSOEVER. EXCEPT FOR THE FOREGOING, BORROWER MAY PAY ALL OR A PORTION OF THE AMOUNT OWED EARLIER THAN IT IS DUE. Early payments will not, unless agreed to by Lender in writing, relieve Borrower of Borrower's obligation to continue to make payments under the Payment schedule. Rather, early payments will reduce the principal balance due and may result in Borrower's making fewer payments. Borrower agrees not to send Lender payments marked "paid in full", "without recourse", or similar language. If Borrower sends such a payment, Lender may accept it without losing any of Lender's rights under this Note, and Borrower will remain obligated to pay any further amount owed to Lender. All written communications concerning disputed amounts, including any check or other payment instrument that indicates that the payment constitutes "payment in full" of the amount owed or that is tendered with other conditions or limitations or as full satisfaction of a disputed amount must be mailed or delivered to: CNL Commercial Finance, Inc., a Delaware Corporation; 26137 La Paz Road, Suite 102; Mission Viejo, CA 92691. LATE CHARGE. If a payment is 10 days or more late, Borrower will be charged 5.000% of the regularly scheduled payment. INTEREST AFTER DEFAULT. Upon default, the variable interest rate on this Note shall immediately increase to 9.000 percentage points over the Index, if permitted under applicable law. DEFAULT. Each of the following shall constitute an event of default ("Event of Default") under this Note: PAYMENT DEFAULT. Borrower fails to make any payment when due under this Note. OTHER DEFAULTS. Borrower fails to comply with or to perform any other term, obligation, covenant or condition contained in this Note or in any of the related documents or to comply with or to perform any term, obligation, covenant or condition contained in any other agreement between Lender and Borrower. FALSE STATEMENTS. Any warranty, representation or statement made or furnished to Lender by Borrower or on Borrower's behalf under this Note or the related documents is false or misleading in any material respect, either now or at the time made or furnished or becomes false or misleading at any time thereafter. INSOLVENCY. The dissolution or termination of Borrower's existence as a going business, the insolvency of Borrower, the appointment of a receiver for any part of Borrower's property, any assignment for the benefit of credits, any type of creditor workout, or the commencement of any proceeding under any bankruptcy or insolvency laws by or against Borrower. CREDITOR OR FORFEITURE PROCEEDINGS. Commencement of foreclosure or forfeiture proceedings, whether by judicial proceeding, self-help, repossession or any other method, by any creditor of Borrower or by any government agency against any collateral securing the loan. This includes a garnishment of any of Borrower's accounts, including deposit accounts, with Lender. However, this Event of Default shall not apply if there is a good faith dispute by Borrower as to the validity or reasonableness of the claim which is the basis of the creditor or forfeiture proceeding and if Borrower gives Lender written notice of the creditor or forfeiture proceeding and deposits with Lender monies or a surety bond for the creditor or forfeiture proceeding, in an amount determined by Lender, in its sole discretion, as being an adequate reserve or bond for the dispute. EVENTS AFFECTING GUARANTOR. Any of the preceding events occurs with respect to any Guarantor of any of the indebtedness or any Guarantor dies or becomes incompetent, or revokes or disputes the validity of, or liability under, any guaranty of the indebtedness evidenced by this Note. In the event of a death, Lender, at its option, may, but shall not be required to, permit the Guarantor's estate to assume unconditionally the obligations arising under the guaranty in a manner satisfactory to Lender, and, in doing so, cure any Event of Default. CHANGE IN OWNERSHIP. Any change in ownership of twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the common stock of Borrower. ADVERSE CHANGE. A material adverse change occurs in Borrower's financial condition, or Lender believes the prospect of payment or performance of this Note is impaired. CURE PROVISIONS. If any default, other than a default in payment is curable and if Borrower has not been given a notice of a breach of the same provision of this Note within the preceding twelve (12) months, it may be cured (and no event of default will have occurred) if Borrower, after receiving written notice from Lender demanding cure of such default: (1) cures the default within ten (10) days; or (2) if the cure requires more than ten (10) days, immediately initiates steps which Lender deems in Lender's sole discretion to be sufficient to cure the default and thereafter continues and completes all reasonable and necessary steps sufficient to produce compliance as soon as reasonably practical. LENDER'S RIGHTS. Upon default, Lender may declare the entire unpaid principal balance on this Note and all accrued unpaid interest immediately due, and then Borrower will pay that amount. ATTORNEYS' FEES; EXPENSES. Lender may hire or pay someone else to help collect this Note if Borrower does not pay. Borrower will pay Lender that amount. This includes, subject to any limits under applicable law, Lender's attorneys' fees and Lender's legal expenses, whether or not there is a lawsuit, including attorneys' fees, expenses for bankruptcy proceedings (including efforts to modify or vacate any automatic stay or injunction), and appeals. Borrower also will pay any court costs, in addition to all other sums provided by law. GOVERNING LAW. THIS NOTE WILL BE GOVERNED BY, CONSTRUED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH FEDERAL LAW AND THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA. THIS NOTE HAS BEEN ACCEPTED BY LENDER IN THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA. CHOICE OF VENUE. If there is a lawsuit, Borrower agrees upon Lender's request to submit to the jurisdiction of the courts of Cleveland County, State of Oklahoma. DISHONORED ITEM FEE. Borrower will pay a fee to Lender of $25.00 if Borrower makes a payment on Borrower's loan and the check or PROMISSORY NOTE (Continued) Page 2 ================================================================================ preauthorized charge with which Borrower pays is later dishonored. COLLATERAL. Borrower acknowledges this Note is secured by the following collateral described in the security instrument listed herein; a Mortgage dated July 2, 2003, to Lender on real property located in Cleveland County, State of Oklahoma. UNPAID INTEREST AND ENFORCEMENT COSTS. Interest and Lender collection expenses (including attorneys' fees) not paid when due shall be added to principal and thereafter bear like interest. FUNDING DATE INTEREST RATE ADJUSTMENT. In the event that Lender has not funded the loan evidenced by this Note on or before the date which is seven (7) calendar days after the date of this Note as set forth on the first page hereon, Borrower acknowledges and agrees that Lender may elect (in its sole and absolute discretion) to cancel and redraw the Note to increase the interest rate accruing under the Note in accordance with the increase(s), if any, in interest rate(s) then being offered by Lender on loans similar to the loan evidenced by this Note. FINANCIAL REPORTING. Borrower agrees to furnish Lender with Federal Tax Returns, as soon as available, but in no event later than one-hundred-twenty (120) days after the applicable filing date for the tax reporting period ended, prepared by a tax professional satisfactory to Lender. All financial reports required to be provided under this Note shall be prepared in accordance with GAAP, applied on a consistent basis, and certified by Borrower as being true and correct. SUCCESSOR INTERESTS. The terms of this Note shall be binding upon Borrower, and upon Borrower's heirs, personal representatives, successors and assigns, and shall inure to the benefit of Lender and its successors and assigns. GENERAL PROVISIONS. Lender may delay or forgo enforcing any of its rights or remedies under this Note without losing them. Borrower and any other person who signs, guarantees or endorses this Note, to the extent allowed by law, waive any applicable statute of limitations, presentment, demand for payment, and notice of dishonor. Upon any change in the terms of this Note, and unless otherwise expressly stated in writing, no party who signs this Note, whether as maker, guarantor, accommodation maker or endorser, shall be released from liability. All such parties agree that Lender may renew or extend (repeatedly and for any length of time) this loan or release any party or guarantor or collateral; or impair, fail to realize upon the perfect Lender's security interest in the collateral; and take any other action deemed necessary by Lender without the consent of or notice to anyone. All such parties also agree that Lender may modify this loan without the consent of or notice to anyone other than the party with whom the modification is made. The obligations under this Note are joint and several. PRIOR TO SIGNING THIS NOTE, BORROWER READ AND UNDERSTOOD ALL THE PROVISIONS OF THIS NOTE, INCLUDING THE VARIABLE INTEREST RATE PROVISIONS. BORROWER AGREES TO THE TERMS OF THE NOTE. BORROWER ACKNOWLEDGES RECEIPT OF A COMPLETED COPY OF THIS PROMISSORY NOTE. BORROWER: VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. By: /s/ Mark E. Vaughan By: /s/ Andre G. Vaughan - -------------------------------- -------------------------------- Mark E. Vaughan, Andre G. Vaughan, President of Vaughan Foods, Inc. Secretary of Vaughan Foods, Inc. CORPORATE RESOLUTION TO BORROW / GRANT COLLATERAL ================================================================================ Corporation: Vaughan Foods, Inc. Lender: CNL Commercial Finance, Inc., 216 NE 12th Street a Delaware Corporation Moore, OK 73160 26137 La Paz Road, Suite 102 Mission Viejo, CA 92691 ================================================================================ WE, THE UNDERSIGNED, DO HEREBY CERTIFY THAT: THE CORPORATION'S EXISTENCE. The complete and correct name of the Corporation is Vaughan Foods, Inc. ("Corporation"). The Corporation is a corporation for profit which is, and at all times shall be, duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing under and by virtue of the laws of the State of Oklahoma. The Corporation is duly authorized to transaction business in all other states in which the Corporation is doing business, having obtained all necessary filings, governmental licenses and approvals for each state in which the Corporation is doing business. Specifically, the Corporation is, and at all times shall be, duly qualified as a foreign corporation in all states in which the failure to so qualify would have a material adverse effect on its business or financial condition. The Corporation has the full power and authority to own its properties and to transact the business in which it is presently engaged or presently proposes to engage. The Corporation maintains an office at 216 NE 12th Street, Moore, OK 73160. Unless the Corporation has designated otherwise in writing, the principal office is the office at which the Corporation keeps its books and records. The Corporation will notify Lender prior to any change in the location of the Corporation's state of organization or any change in the Corporation's name. The Corporation shall do all things necessary to preserve and to keep in full force and effect its existence, rights and privileges, and shall comply with all regulations, rules, ordinances, statutes, orders and decrees of any governmental or quasi-governmental authority or court applicable to the Corporation and the Corporation's business activities. RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED. At a meeting of the Directors of the Corporation, or if the Corporation is a close corporation having no Board of Directors then at a meeting of the Corporation's shareholders, duly called and held on July 2, 2003, at which a quorum was present and voting, or by other duly authorized action in lieu of a meeting, the resolutions set forth in this Resolution were adopted. OFFICERS. The following named persons are officers of Vaughan Foods, Inc.: NAMES TITLES AUTHORIZED ACTUAL SIGNATURES ----- ------ ---------- ----------------- Mark E. Vaughan President Y /s/ Mark E. Vaughan Andrea G. Vaughan Secretary Y /s/ Andrea G. Vaughan ACTIONS AUTHORIZED. Any one (1) of the authorized persons listed above may enter into any agreements of any nature with Lender, and those agreements will bind the Corporation. Specifically, but without limitation, any one (1) of such authorized persons are authorized, empowered, and directed to do the following for and on behalf of the Corporation: BORROW MONEY. To borrow, as a cosigner or otherwise, from time to time from Lender, on such terms as may be agreed upon between the Corporation and Lender, such sum or sums of money as in their judgment should be borrowed, without limitation. EXECUTE NOTES: To execute and deliver to Lender the promissory note or notes, or other evidence of the Corporation's credit accommodations, on Lender's forms, at such rates of interest and on such terms as may be agreed upon, evidencing the sums of money so borrowed or any of the Corporation's indebtedness to Lender, and also to execute and deliver to Lender one or more renewals, extensions, modifications, refinancings, consolidations, or substitutions for one or more of the notes, any portion of the notes, or any other evidence of credit accommodations. GRANT SECURITY. To mortgage, pledge, transfer, endorse, hypothecate, or otherwise encumber and deliver to Lender any property now or hereafter belonging to the Corporation or in which the Corporation now or hereafter may have an interest, including without limitation all of the Corporation's real property and all of the Corporation's personal property (tangible or intangible), as security for the payment of any loans or credit accommodations so obtained, any promissory notes so executed (including any amendments to or modifications, renewals, and extensions of such promissory notes), or any other or further indebtedness of the Corporation to Lender at any time owing, however the same may be evidenced. Such property may be mortgaged, pledged, transferred, endorsed, hypothecated or encumbered at the time such loans are obtained or such indebtedness is incurred, or at any other time or times, and may be either in addition to or in lieu of any property theretofore mortgaged, pledged, transferred, endorsed, hypothecated or encumbered. EXECUTE SECURITY DOCUMENTS. To execute and deliver to Lender the forms of mortgage, deed of trust, pledge agreement, hypothecation agreement, and other security agreements and financing statements which Lender may require and which shall evidence the terms and conditions under and pursuant to which such liens and encumbrances, or any of them, are given; and also to execute and deliver to Lender any other written instruments, any chattel paper, or any other collateral, of any kind or nature, which Lender may deem necessary or proper in connection with or pertaining to the giving of the liens and encumbrances. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any one of the above authorized persons may execute, deliver, or record financing statements. NEGOTIATE ITEMS. To draw, endorse, and discount with Lender all drafts, trade acceptances, promissory notes, or other evidences of indebtedness payable to or belonging to the Corporation or in which the Corporation may have an interest, and either to receive cash for the same or to cause such proceeds to be credited to the Corporation's account with Lender, or to cause such other disposition of the proceeds derived therefrom as they may deem advisable. FURTHER ACTS. In the case of lines of credit, to designate additional or alternate individuals as being authorized to request advances under such lines, and in all cases, to do and perform such other acts and things, to pay any and all fees and costs, and to execute and deliver such other documents and agreements as the officers may in their discretion deem reasonably necessary or proper in order to carry into effect the provisions of this Resolution. ASSUMED BUSINESS NAMES. The Corporation has filed or recorded all documents or filings required by law relating to all assumed business names used by the Corporation. Excluding the name of the Corporation, the following is a complete list of all assumed business names under which the Corporation does business: NONE. NOTICES TO LENDER. The Corporation will promptly notify Lender in writing at Lender's address shown above (or such other addresses as Lender may designate from time to time) prior to any (A) change in the Corporation's name; (B) change in the Corporation's assumed business name(s); (C) change in the management of the Corporation; (D) change in the authorized signer(s); (E) change in the Corporation's principal office address; (F) change in the Corporation's state of organization; (G) conversion of the Corporation to a new or different type of business entity; or (H) change in any other aspect of the Corporation that directly or indirectly relates to any agreements between the Corporation and Lender. No change in the Corporation's name or state of organization will take effect until after Lender has received notice. CERTIFICATION CONCERNING OFFICERS AND RESOLUTIONS. The officers named above are duly elected, appointed, or employed by or for the Corporation, as the case may be, and occupy the positions set opposite their respective names. This Resolution now stands of record on the books of the Corporation, is in full force and effect, and has not been modified or revoked in any manner whatsoever. SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL. At a special meeting of the shareholders of the Corporation, duly called and held (or by consent of the shareholders in accordance with the laws of the State of Oklahoma), not less than the required percentage of shareholders adopted or consented to all the resolutions set forth in this Resolution. NO CORPORATE SEAL. The Corporation has no corporate seal, and therefore, no seal is affixed to this Resolution. CONTINUING VALIDITY. Any and all acts authorized pursuant to this Resolution and performed prior to the passage of this Resolution are hereby ratified and approved. This Resolution shall be continuing, shall remain in full force and effect and Lender may rely on it until written notice of its revocation shall have been delivered to and received by Lender at Lender's address shown above (or such addresses as Lender may designate from time to time). Any such notice shall not affect any of the Corporation's agreements or commitments in effect at the time notice is given. IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, WE HAVE HEREUNTO SET OUR HAND AND ATTEST THAT THE SIGNATURES SET OPPOSITE THE NAMES LISTED ABOVE ARE THEIR GENUINE SIGNATURES. WE EACH HAVE READ ALL THE PROVISIONS OF THIS RESOLUTION, AND WE EACH PERSONALLY AND ON BEHALF OF THE CORPORATION CERTIFY THAT ALL STATEMENTS AND REPRESENTATIONS MADE IN THIS RESOLUTION ARE TRUE AND CORRECT. THIS CORPORATE RESOLUTION TO BORROW / GRANT COLLATERAL IS DATED JULY 2, 2003. CORPORATE RESOLUTION TO BORROW / GRANT COLLATERAL (Continued) Page 2 ================================================================================ CERTIFIED TO AND ATTESTED BY: By: /s/ Mark E. Vaughan ---------------------------------------------------- Mark E. Vaughan, President of Vaughan Foods, Inc. By: /s/ Andrea G. Vaughan ---------------------------------------------------- Andrea G. Vaughan, Secretary of Vaughan Foods, Inc. NOTE: If the officers signing this Resolution are designated by the foregoing document as one of the officers authorized to act on the Corporation's behalf, it is advisable to have this Resolution signed by at least one non-authorized officer of the Corporation. COMMERCIAL GUARANTY ================================================================================ Borrower: Vaughan Foods, Inc. Lender: CNL Commercial Finance, Inc., 216 NE 12th Street a Delaware Corporation Moore, OK 73160 26137 La Paz Road, Suite 102 Mission Viejo, CA 92691 Guarantor: Mark E. Vaughan 917 NW 39th Street Oklahoma City, OK 73118 ================================================================================ AMOUNT OF GUARANTY. The amount of this Guaranty is Unlimited. CONTINUING UNLIMITED GUARANTY. FOR GOOD AND VALUABLE CONSIDERATION, MARK E. VAUGHAN ("GUARANTOR") ABSOLUTELY AND UNCONDITIONALLY GUARANTEES AND PROMISES TO PAY TO CNL COMMERCIAL FINANCE, INC., A DELAWARE CORPORATION ("LENDER") OR ITS ORDER, IN LEGAL TENDER OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, THE INDEBTEDNESS (AS THAT TERM IS DEFINED BELOW) OF VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. ("BORROWER") TO LENDER ON THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS SET FORTH IN THE GUARANTY. UNDER THIS GUARANTY, THE LIABILITY OF GUARANTOR IS UNLIMITED AND THE OBLIGATIONS OF GUARANTOR ARE CONTINUING. INDEBTEDNESS GUARANTEED. The Indebtedness guaranteed by the Guaranty includes any and all of Borrower's Indebtedness to Lender and is used in the most comprehensive sense and means and includes any and all of Borrower's liabilities, obligations and debts to Lender, now existing or hereinafter incurred or created, including, without limitation, all loans, advances, interest, costs, debts, overdraft indebtedness, credit card indebtedness, lease obligations, other obligations, and liabilities of Borrower, or any of them, and any present or future judgments against Borrower, or any of them; and whether any such Indebtedness is voluntarily incurred, due or not due, absolute or contingent, liquidated or unliquidated, determined or undetermined; whether Borrower may be liable individually or jointly with others, or primarily or secondarily, or as guarantor or surety; whether recovery on the Indebtedness may be or may become barred or unenforceable against Borrower for any reason whatsoever; and whether the Indebtedness arises from transactions which may be voidable on account of infancy, insanity, ultra vires, or otherwise. DURATION OF GUARANTY. This Guaranty will take effect when received by Lender without the necessity of any acceptance by Lender, or any notice to Guarantor or to Borrower, and will continue in full force until all Indebtedness incurred or contracted before receipt by Lender of any notice of revocation shall have been fully and finally paid and satisfied and all of Guarantor's other obligations under this Guaranty shall have been performed in full. If Guarantor elects to revoke this Guaranty, Guarantor may only do so in writing. Guarantor's written notice of revocation must be mailed to Lender, by certified mail, at Lender's address listed above or such other place as Lender may designate in writing. Written revocation of this Guaranty will apply only to advances or new Indebtedness created after actual receipt by Lender of Guarantor's written revocation. For this purpose and without limitation, the term "new Indebtedness" does not include Indebtedness which at the time of notice of revocation is contingent, unliquidated, undetermined or not due and which later becomes absolute, liquidated, determined or due. This Guaranty will continue to bind Guarantor for all Indebtedness incurred by Borrower or committed by Lender prior to receipt of Gaurantor's written notice of revocation, including any extensions, renewals, substitutions or modifications of the Indebtedness. All renewals, extensions, substitutions, and modifications of the Indebtedness granted after Guarantor's revocation, are contemplated under this Guaranty and, specifically will not be considered to be new Indebtedness. This Guaranty shall bind Guarantor's estate as to Indebtedness created both before and after Guarantor's death or incapacity, regardless of Lender's actual notice of Guarantor's death. Subject to the foregoing, Guarantor's executor or administrator or other legal representative may terminate this Guaranty in the same manner in which Guarantor might have terminated it and with the same effect. Release of any other guarantor or termination of any other guaranty of the Indebtedness shall not affect the liability of Guarantor under this Guaranty. A revocation Lender receives from any one or more Guarantors shall not affect the liability of any remaining Guarantors under this Guaranty. Guarantor's obligations under this Guaranty shall be in addition to any of Guarantor's obligations, or any of them, under any other guaranties of Borrower's Indebtedness or any other person heretofore or hereafter given to Lender unless such other guaranties are modified or revoked in writing; and this Guarantor shall not, unless provided in this Guaranty, affect, invalidate, or supersede any such other guaranty. IT IS ANTICIPATED THAT FLUCTUATIONS MAY OCCUR IN THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT OF INDEBTEDNESS COVERED BY THIS GUARANTY, AND GUARANTOR SPECIFICALLY ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT REDUCTIONS IN THE AMOUNT OF INDEBTEDNESS, EVEN TO ZERO DOLLARS ($0.00), PRIOR TO GUARANTOR'S WRITTEN REVOCATION OF THIS GUARANTY SHALL NOT CONSTITUTE A TERMINATION OF THIS GUARANTY. THIS GUARANTY IS BINDING UPON GUARANTOR AND GUARANTOR'S HEIRS, SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS SO LONG AS ANY OF THE GUARANTEED INDEBTEDNESS REMAINS UNPAID AND EVEN THOUGH THE INDEBTEDNESS GUARANTEED MAY FROM TIME TO TIME BE ZERO DOLLARS ($0.00). OBLIGATIONS OF MARRIED PERSONS. Any married person who signs this Guaranty hereby expressly agrees that recourse under this Guaranty may be had against both his or her separate property and community property. GUARANTOR'S AUTHORIZATION TO LENDER. Guarantor authorizes Lender, either before or after any revocation hereof, WITHOUT NOTICE OR DEMAND AND WITHOUT LESSENING GUARANTOR'S LIABILITY UNDER THIS GUARANTY, FROM TIME TO TIME: (A) prior to revocation as set forth above, to make one or more additional secured or unsecured loans to Borrower, to lease equipment or other goods to Borrower, or otherwise to extend additional credit to Borrower; (B) to alter, compromise, renew, extend, accelerate, or otherwise change one or more times the time for payment or other terms of the Indebtedness or any part of the Indebtedness, including increases and decreases of the rate of interest on the Indebtedness; extensions may be repeated and may be for longer than the original loan term; (C) to take and hold security for the payment of this Guaranty or the Indebtedness, and exchange, enforce, waive, subordinate, fail or decide not to perfect, and release any such security, with or without the substitution of new collateral; (D) to release, substitute, agree not to sue, or deal with any one or more of Borrower's sureties, endorsers, or other guarantors on any terms or in any manner Lender may choose; (E) to determine how, when and what application of payments and credits shall be made on the Indebtedness; (F) to apply such security and direct the order or manner of sale thereof, including without limitation, any nonjudicial sale permitted by the terms of the controlling security agreement or deed of trust, as Lender in its discretion may determine; (G) to sell, transfer, assign or grant participations in all or any part of the Indebtedness; and (H) to assign or transfer this Guaranty in whole or in part. GUARANTOR'S REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. Guarantor represents and warrants to Lender that (A) no representations or agreements of any kind have been made to Guarantor which would limit or qualify in any way the terms of this Guaranty; (B) this Guaranty is executed at Borrower's request and not at the request of Lender; (C) Guarantor has full power, right and authority to enter into this Guaranty; (D) the provisions of this Guaranty do not conflict with or result in a default under any agreement or other instrument binding upon Guarantor and do not result in a violation of any law, regulation, court decree or order applicable to Guarantor; (E) Guarantor has not and will not, without the prior written consent of Lender, sell, lease, assign, encumber, hypothecate, transfer, or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of Guarantor's assets, or any interest therein; (F) upon Lender's request, Guarantor will provide to Lender financial and credit information in form acceptable to Lender, and all such financial information which currently has been, and all future financial information which will be provided to Lender is and will be true and correct in all material respects and fairly present Guarantor's financial condition as of the dates the financial information is provided; (G) no material adverse change has occurred in Guarantor's financial condition since the date of the most recent financial statements provided to Lender and no event has occurred which may materially adversely affect Guarantor's financial condition; (H) no litigation, claim, investigation, administrative proceeding or similar action (including those for unpaid taxes) against Guarantor is pending or threatened; (I) Lender has made no representation to Guarantor as to the creditworthiness of Borrower; and (J) Guarantor has established adequate means of obtaining from Borrower on a continuing basis information regarding Borrower's financial condition. Guarantor agrees to keep adequately informed from such means of any facts, events, or circumstances which might in any way affect Guarantor's risks under this Guaranty, and Guarantor further agrees that absent a request for information, Lender shall have no obligation to disclose to Guarantor any information or documents acquired by Lender in the course of its relationship with Borrower. GUARANTOR'S FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. Guarantor agrees to furnish Lender with the following: TAX RETURNS. As soon as available, but in no event later than one-hundred-twenty (120) days after the applicable filing date for the tax reporting period ended, Federal and other governmental tax returns, prepared by a tax professional satisfactory to Lender. All financial reports required to be provided under this Guaranty shall be prepared in accordance with GAAP, applied on a consistent basis, and certified by Guarantor as being true and correct. GUARANTOR'S WAIVERS. Except as prohibited by applicable law, Guarantor waives any right to require Lender to (A) make any presentment, protest, demand, or notice of any kind, including notice of change of any terms of repayment of the Indebtedness, default by Borrower or any other guarantor or surety, any action or nonaction taken by Borrower, Lender, or any other guarantor or surety of Borrower, or the creation of new or additional Indebtedness; (B) proceed against any person, including Borrower, before proceeding against Guarantor; (C) proceed against any collateral for the Indebtedness, including Borrower's collateral, before proceeding against Guarantor; (D) apply any payments or proceeds received against the Indebtedness in any order; (E) give notice of the terms, time, and place of any sale of the collateral pursuant to the Uniform Commercial Code or any other law governing such sale; (F) disclose any information about the Indebtedness, the Borrower, the collateral, or any other guarantor or surety, or about any action or nonaction of Lender; or (G) pursue any remedy or course of action in Lender's power whatsoever. Guarantor also waives any and all rights or defenses arising by reason of (H) any disability or other defense of Borrower, any other guarantor or surety or any other person; (I) the cessation from any cause whatsoever, other than payment in full, of the Indebtedness; (J) the application of proceeds of the Indebtedness by Borrower for purposes other than the purposes understood and intended by Guarantor and Lender; (K) any act of omission or commission by Lender which directly or indirectly results in or contributes to the discharge of Borrower or any other guarantor COMMERCIAL GUARANTY (Continued) Page 2 ================================================================================ or surety, or the Indebtedness, or the loss or release of any collateral by operation of law or otherwise; (L) any statute of limitations in any action under this Guaranty or on the Indebtedness; or (M) any modification or change in terms of the Indebtedness, whatsoever, including without limitation, the renewal, extension, acceleration, or other change in the time payment of the Indebtedness is due and any change in the interest rate, and including any such modification or change in terms after revocation of this Guaranty on Indebtedness incurred prior to such revocation. Guarantor waives all rights and any defenses arising out of an election of remedies by Lender even though that the election of remedies, such as a non-judicial foreclosure with respect to security for a guaranteed obligation, has destroyed Guarantor's rights of subrogation and reimbursement against Borrower by operation of Section 580d of the California Code of Civil Procedure or otherwise. Guarantor waives all rights and defenses that Guarantor may have because Borrower's obligation is secured by real property. This means among other things: (1) Lender may collect from Guarantor without first foreclosing on any real or personal property collateral pledged by Borrower. (2) If Lender forecloses on any real property collateral pledged by Borrower; (a) the amount of Borrower's obligation may be reduced only by the price for which the collateral is sold at the foreclosure sale, even if the collateral is worth more than the sale price. (b) Lender may collect from Guarantor even if Lender, by forclosing on the real property collateral, has destroyed any right Guarantor may have to collect from Borrower. This is an unconditional and irrevocable waiver of any rights and defenses Guarantor may have because Borrower's obligation is secured by real property. These rights and defenses include, but are not limited to, any rights and defenses based upon Section 580a, 580b, 580d, or 726 of the Code of Civil Procedure. Guarantor understands and agrees that the foregoing waivers are unconditional and irrevocable waivers of substantive rights and defenses to which Guarantor might otherwise be entitled under state and federal law. Guarantor acknowledges that Guarantor has provided these waivers of rights and defenses with the intention that they be fully relied upon by Lender. Guarantor further understands and agrees that this Guaranty is a seperate and independent contract between Guarantor and Lender, given for full and ample consideration, and is enforceable on its own terms. Until all Indebtedness is paid in full, Guarantor waives any right to enforce any remedy Guarantor may have against the Borrower or any other guarantor, surety, or other person, and further, Guarantor waives any right to participate in any collateral for the Indebtedness now or hereafter held by Lender. In addition to the waivers set forth herein, if now or hereafter Borrower is or shall become insolvent and the Indebtedness shall not at all times until paid be fully secured by collateral pledged by Borrower, Guarantor hereby forever waives and gives up in favor of Lender and Borrower, and Lender's and Borrower's respective successors, any claim or right to payment Guarantor may now have or hereafter have or acquire against Borrower, by subrogation or otherwise, so that at no time shall Guarantor be or become a "creditor" of Borrower within the meaning of 11 U.S.C. section 547(b), or any successor provision of the Federal bankruptcy laws. GUARANTOR'S UNDERSTANDING WITH RESPECT TO WAIVERS. Guarantor warrants and agrees that each of the waivers set forth above is made with Guarantor's full knowledge of its significance and consequences and that, under circumstances, the waivers are reasonable and not contrary to public policy or law. If any such waiver is determined to be contrary to any applicable law or public policy, such waiver shall be effective only to the extent permitted by law or public policy. SUBORDINATION OF BORROWER'S DEBT TO GUARANTOR. Guarantor agrees that the Indebtedness of Borrower to Lender, whether now existing or hereafter created, shall be superior to any claim that Guarantor may now have or hereafter acquire against Borrower, whether or not Borrower becomes insolvent. Guarantor hereby expressly subordinates any claim Guarantor may have against Borrower, upon any account whatsoever, to any claim that Lender may now or hereafter have against Borrower. In the event of insolvency and consequent liquidation of the assets of Borrower, through bankruptcy, by an assignment for the benefit of creditors, by voluntary liquidation, or otherwise, the assets of Borrower applicable to the payment of the claims of both Lender and Guarantor shall be paid to Lender and shall be first applied by Lender to the Indebtedness of Borrower to Lender. Guarantor does hereby assign to Lender all claims which it may have or acquire against Borrower or against any assignee or trustee in bankruptcy of Borrower; provided however, that such assignment shall be effective only for the purpose of assuring to Lender full payment in legal tender of the Indebtedness. If Lender so requests, any notes or credit agreements now or hereafter evidencing any debts or obligations of Borrower to Guarantor shall be marked with a legend that the same are subject to this Guaranty and shall be delivered to Lender. Guarantor agrees, and Lender is hereby authorized, in the name of Guarantor, from time to time to execute and file financing statements and continuation statements and to execute such other documents and to take such other actions as Lender deems necessary or appropriate to perfect, preserve and enforce its rights under this Guaranty. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS. The following miscellaneous provisions are a part of this Guaranty: AMENDMENTS. This Guaranty, together with any Related Documents, constitutes the entire understanding and agreement of the parties as to the matters set forth in this Guaranty. No alteration of or amendment to this Guaranty shall be effective unless given in writing and signed by the party or parties sought to be charged or bound by the alteration or amendment. ATTORNEYS' FEES; EXPENSES. Guarantor agrees to pay upon demand all of Lender's costs and expenses, including Lender's attorneys' fees and Lender's legal expenses, incurred in connection with the enforcement of the Guaranty. Lender may hire or pay someone else to help enforce this Guaranty, and Guarantor shall pay the costs and expenses of such enforcement. Costs and expenses include Lender's attorneys' fees and legal expenses whether or not there is a lawsuit, including attorneys' fees and legal expenses for bankruptcy proceedings (including efforts to modify or vacate any automatic stay or injunction), appeals, and any anticipated post-judgment collection services. Guarantor also shall pay all court costs and such additional fees as may be directed by the court. CAPTION HEADINGS. Caption headings in this Guaranty are for convenience purposes only and are not to be used to interpret or define the provisions of this Guaranty. GOVERNING LAW. THIS GUARANTY WILL BE GOVERNED BY, CONSTRUED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH FEDERAL LAW AND THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA. THIS GUARANTY HAS BEEN ACCEPTED BY LENDER IN THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA. CHOICE OF VENUE. If there is a lawsuit, Guarantor agrees upon Lender's request to submit to the jurisdiction of the courts of Cleveland County, State of Oklahoma. INTEGRATON. Guarantor further agrees that Guarantor has read and fully understands the terms of this Guaranty; Guarantor has had the opportunity to be advised by Guarantor's attorney with respect to this Guaranty; the Guaranty fully reflects Guarnator's intentions and parol evidence is not required to interpret the terms of this Guaranty. Guarantor hereby indemnifies and holds Lender harmless from all losses, claims, damages, and costs (including Lender's attorneys' fees) suffered or incurred by Lender as a result of any breach by Guarantor of the warranties, representations and agreements of this paragraph. INTERPRETATION. In all cases where there is more than one Borrower or Guarantor, then all words used in the Guaranty in the singular shall be deemed to have been used in the plural where the context and construction so require; and where there is more than one Borrower named in this Guaranty or when this Guaranty is executed by more than one Guarantor, the words "Borrower" and "Guarantor" respectively shall mean all and any one or more of them. The words "Guarantor," "Borrower," and "Lender" include the heirs, successors, assigns, and transferees of each of them. If a court finds that any provision of the Guaranty is not valid or should not be enforced, that fact by itself will not mean that the rest of this Guaranty will not be valid or enforced. Therefore, a court will enforce the rest of the provisions of this Guaranty even if a provision of this Guaranty may be found to be invalid or unenforceable. If any one or more of Borrower or Guarantor are corporations, partnerships, limited liability companies, or similar entities, it is not necessary for Lender to inquire into the powers of Borrower or Guarantor or of the officers, directors, partners, managers, or other agents acting or purporting to act on their behalf, and any Loan Indebtedness made or created in reliance upon the professed exercise of such powers shall be guaranteed under this Guaranty. NOTICES. Any notice required to be given under this Guaranty shall be given in writing, and, except for revocation notices by Guarantor, shall be effective when actually delivered, when actually received by telefacsimile (unless otherwise required by law), when deposited with a nationally recognized overnight courier, or, if mailed, when deposited in the United States mail, as first class, certified or registered mail postage prepaid, directed to the addresses shown near the beginning of this Guaranty. All revocation notices by Guarantor shall be in writing and shall be effective upon delivery to Lender as provided in the section of this Guaranty entitled "DURATION OF GUARANTY." Any party may change its address for notices under this Guaranty by giving formal written notice to the other parties, specifying that the purpose of the notice is to change the party's address. For notice purposes, Guarantor agrees to keep Lender informed at all times of Guarantor's current address. Unless otherwise provided or required by law, if there is more than one Guarantor, any notice given by Lender to any Guarantor is deemed to be notice given to all Guarnators. NO WAIVER BY LENDER. Lender shall not be deemed to have waived any rights under this Guaranty unless such waiver is given in writing and signed by Lender. No delay or omission on the part of Lender in exercising any right shall operate as a waiver of such right or any other right. A waiver by Lender of a provision of this Guaranty shall not prejudice or constitute a waiver of Lender's right otherwise to demand strict compliance with that provision or any other provision of this Guaranty. No prior waiver by Lender, nor any course of dealing between Lender and Guarantor, shall constitute a waiver of any of Lender's rights or of any of Guarantor's obligations as to any future transactions. Whenever the consent of Lender is required under this Guaranty, the granting of such consent by Lender in any instance shall not constitute continuing consent to subsequent instances where such consent is required and in all cases such consent may be granted or withheld in the sole discretion of Lender. COMMERCIAL GUARANTY (Continued) Page 3 ================================================================================ SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS. Subject to any limitations stated in this Guaranty on transfer of Guarantor's interest, this Guaranty shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties, their successors and assigns. PAYMENT AND PERFORMANCE GUARANTY. This is a guaranty of full and timely payment and/or performances of each and all obligations or Indebtedness now or hereafter owing by Borrower to Lender. ADDITIONAL WAIVER. In addition to any and all waivers set forth hereinabove, Guarantor hereby waives and relinquishes all of the Guarantor's rights provided by 12 Oklahoma State Section 686, 15 Oklahoma State Sections 334, 338, 341 and 344, and all other statutory and common law rights, remedies, defenses and set-off credits for the fair market value of the property which may be accorded to Grantor under Oklahoma law. DEFINITIONS. The following capitalized words and terms shall have the following meanings when used in this Guaranty. Unless specifically stated to the contrary, all references to dollar amounts shall mean amounts in lawful money of the United States of America. Words and terms used in the singular shall include the plural, and the plural shall include the singular, as the context may require. Words and terms not otherwise defined in this Guaranty shall have the meanings attributed to such terms in the Uniform Commercial Code: BORROWER. The word "Borrower" means Vaughan Foods, Inc. and includes all co-signers and co-makers signing the Note. GAAP. The word "GAAP" means generally accepted accounting principles. GUARANTOR. The word "Guarantor" means each and every person or entity signing this Guaranty, including without limitation Mark E. Vaughan. GUARANTY. The word "Guaranty" means the guaranty from Guarantor to Lender, including without limitation a guaranty of all or part of the Note. INDEBTEDNESS. The word "Indebtedness" means Borrower's indebtedness to Lender as more particularly described in this Guaranty. LENDER. The word "Lender" means CNL Commercial Finance, Inc., a Delaware Corporation, its successors and assigns. NOTE. The word "Note" means and includes without limitation all of Borrower's promissory notes and/or credit agreements evidencing Borrower's loan obligations in favor of Lender, together with all renewals of, extensions of, modifications of, refinancings of, consolidations of and substitutions for promissory notes or credit agreements. RELATED DOCUMENTS. The words "Related Documents" mean all promissory notes, credit agreements, loan agreements, environmental agreements, guaranties, security agreements, mortgages, deeds of trust, security deeds, collateral mortgages, and all other instruments, agreements and documents, whether now or hereafter existing, executed in connection with the Indebtedness. EACH UNDERSIGNED GUARANTOR ACKNOWLEDGES HAVING READ ALL THE PROVISIONS OF THIS GUARANTY AND AGREES TO ITS TERMS. IN ADDITION, EACH GUARANTOR UNDERSTANDS THAT THIS GUARANTY IS EFFECTIVE UPON GUARANTOR'S EXECUTION AND DELIVERY OF THIS GUARANTY TO LENDER AND THAT THE GUARANTY WILL CONTINUE UNTIL TERMINATED IN THE MANNER SET FORTH IN THE SECTION TITLED "DURATION OF GUARANTY". NO FORMAL ACCEPTANCE BY LENDER IS NECESSARY TO MAKE THIS GUARANTY EFFECTIVE. THIS GUARANTY IS DATED JULY 2, 2003. GUARANTOR: MARK E. VAUGHAN - -------------------------------------- Mark E. Vaughan, Individually EX-4.8 14 c44364_ex4-8.txt Exhibit 4.7 The registrant hereby agrees and undertakes to furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request a copy of the following long-term debt agreements of the registrant or, where specified, Cimarron Holdings, L.L.C.: - --------------------- ------------------ ------------------ -------------------- Type of long-term Interest rate Due date Principal balance at debt December 31, 2005 - --------------------- ------------------ ------------------ -------------------- - --------------------- ------------------ ------------------ -------------------- Real estate loan National prime July 22, 2009 $219,602 plus 1.75% - --------------------- ------------------ ------------------ -------------------- Equipment loan 7.00% September 15, 2007 $47,200 - --------------------- ------------------ ------------------ -------------------- Aircraft engine loan 8.00% August 2007 $42,210 (Cimarron Holdings, L.L.C.) - --------------------- ------------------ ------------------ -------------------- Vehicle and equipment Various fixed Various dates $513,080 loans, various rates - --------------------- ------------------ ------------------ -------------------- Loan (Cimarron Index plus 1.75%, April 21, 2019 $237,433 Holdings, L.L.C.) rate of 10% at June 30, 2006 - --------------------- ------------------ ------------------ -------------------- Vaughan Foods, Inc. By: /s/ Stan Gustas --------------- Stan L. Gustas Chief Financial Officer Dated: September 27, 2006 EX-5.1 15 c44364_ex5-1.txt Exhibit 5.1 MORSE, ZELNICK, ROSE & LANDER, LLP 405 PARK AVENUE NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10022 (212) 838-1177 October 5, 2006 Vaughan Foods, Inc. 216 N.E. 12th Street Moore, Oklahoma 73160 Dear Sirs: We have acted as counsel to Vaughan Foods, Inc., an Oklahoma corporation (the "Company"), in connection with the preparation of a registration statement on Form S-1 (the "Registration Statement") filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Act"), to register the offering by the Company, including securities which may be issued on the exercise of the over-allotment option, of: (a) 5,750,000 units (the "Units"), each consisting of one share of the Company's common stock, $.001 par value (the "Common Stock"), one Class A warrant (a " Class A Warrant") to purchase one share of Common Stock, and one Class B warrant (a "Class B Warrant") to purchase one share of Common Stock; (b) 5,750,000 shares of Common Stock included in the Units; (c) 5,750,000 Class A Warrants; (d) 5,750,000 Class B Warrants; (e) 5,750,000 shares of Common Stock underlying the Class A Warrants; (f) 5,750,000 shares of Common Stock underlying the Class B Warrants; (g) the warrants to be issued to the representative of the several underwriters to purchase up to 500,000 units identical to the Units (the "Representative's Warrants"); (h)500,000 units underlying the Representative's Warrants; (i) 500,000 shares of Common Stock underlying the units underlying the Representative's Warrant; (j) 500,000 Class A warrants underlying the units underlying the Representative's Warrant; (k) 500,000 Class B warrants underlying the units underlying the Representative's Warrant; (l) 500,000 shares of Common Stock underlying the Class A warrants underlying the units underlying the Representative's Warrant; (m) 500,000 shares of Common Stock underlying the Class B warrants underlying the units underlying the Representative's Warrant; and (n) any additional securities issued pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Act. The securities described in clauses (a) through (n) above are hereinafter referred to as the "Securities." In this regard, we have reviewed the Company's Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, resolutions adopted by the Company's Board of Directors, the Registration Statement, the exhibits to the Registration Statement and such other records, documents, statutes and decisions, as we have deemed relevant in rendering this opinion. Based upon the foregoing, we are of the opinion that the Securities (i) have been duly and validly authorized for issuance; (ii) when issued as contemplated by the Registration Statement and, in the case of those Securities underlying warrants, when issued in accordance with the terms of the applicable warrants, will be legally issued, fully paid and non-assessable. All of the warrants included in the Securities, including without limitation the warrants referred to in clauses (c), (d), (g), (j) and (k) above will, when issued as contemplated in the warrant agreement attached as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, be validly issued and constitute a legally valid and binding obligation of the Company. This opinion is limited to (i) the federal laws of the United States of America, including statutory provisions and reported judicial decisions interpreting those laws and (ii) the laws of the State of Oklahoma, including statutory provisions, applicable provisions of the Oklahoma Constitution and reported judicial decisions interpreting those laws. We hereby consent to the use of this opinion as Exhibit 5.1 to the Registration Statement and to the reference to our firm in the related prospectus under the heading "Legal Matters." In giving such opinion, we do not thereby admit that we are acting within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act or the rules or regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder. Very truly yours, /s/ Morse, Zelnick, Rose & Lander --------------------------------- Morse, Zelnick, Rose & Lander LLP EX-10.1 16 c44364_ex10-1.txt Vaughan Foods, Inc. 216 East 12th Street Moore, Oklahoma 73160 June 12, 2006 Mark E. Vaughan Vernon J. Brandt, Jr. Vaughan Foods, Inc. 216 East 12th Street Moore, Oklahoma 73160 Re: Ownership of Allison's Gourmet Kitchens, LP Gentlemen: This letter sets forth the agreement between Vaughan Foods, Inc., and Mark E. Vaughan and Vernon J. Brandt, Jr., who own the following limited partnership interests in Allison's Gourmet Kitchens, LP, an Oklahoma limited partnership: 48% Mark E. Vaughan 12% Vernon J. Brandt, Jr. Each individual agrees to transfer all of such interest in Allison's Gourmet Kitchens, LP to Vaughan Foods, Inc. for the purchase price of $1.00, subject to the condition that the public offering for an amount of at least $20 million underwritten by Paulson Investment Co. as outlined in the Letter of Intent dated May 8, 2006 between Paulson Investment Company, Inc. and Vaughan Foods Inc. be completed by December 31, 2006. The transfer will be made simultaneously with the closing of the public offering. Please confirm your agreement by signing below and returning a copy to Vaughan Foods, Inc. at your early convenience. Very truly yours, Vaughan Foods, Inc. By: /s/ Mark E. Vaughan ------------------- Mark E. Vaughan Its: President Accepted and agreed: /s/ Vernon J. Brandt, Jr. - ---------------------------- Vernon J. Brandt, Jr., an individual /s/ Mark E. Vaughan - ---------------------------- Mark E. Vaughan, an individual cc: Stan Gustas EX-10.2 17 c44364_ex10-2.txt VAUGHAN FOODS INC. 216 Northeast 12th Street Moore, Oklahoma 73160 May 19, 2006 Braxton Management, Inc. Mr. Herb Grimes and Mr. Stan Gustas c/o Vaughan Foods Inc. 216 Northeast 12th Street Moore, Oklahoma 73160 Dear Herb and Stan: This will set forth the agreement pursuant to which we will acquire, through a wholly owned subsidiary formed for that purpose, all of your current 40% limited partnership interests in Allison's Gourmet Kitchens, LP ("Allisons") and the general partnership interest in Allison's of Braxton Management, Inc. ("Braxton"). 1. Simultaneously with the effectiveness of an initial public offering of our equity securities ("IPO"), we will acquire all of the limited partnership interests held by you for $3.5 million (the "Purchase Price"), $2.5 million payable in cash and $1 million payable in shares of our Common Stock. The Purchase Price will be payable immediately after the closing of the IPO. For this purpose, each share of our Common Stock will have a value equal to the initial public offering price per share in the IPO. If the IPO consists of units that include shares of Common Stock and other securities, the value of a share of Common Stock shall be equal to the initial public offering price of the unit divided by the number of shares of Common Stock included in the unit plus the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of any conversion right with respect to any convertible security included in the unit provided that such conversion right is not contingent on the payment of any sum of money or the transfer of any other property by the holder of such convertible security. The Purchase Price will be divided 12(1)/2% to Stan and 87(1)/2% to Herb. 2. Simultaneously with the transfer of the limited partnership interests, Braxton will assign to us its general partnership interest in Allison's in return for our undertaking, as set forth herein, to indemnify and hold harmless Braxton from all liability as the former general partner of Allison's other than those liabilities, if any, resulting from Braxton's criminal conduct or gross negligence. 3. The limited partnership interests in Allison's conveyed hereunder, together with the 60% interest in Allison's currently owned by Mark E. Vaughan and Vernon J. Brandt, Jr. and to be conveyed under a separate agreement, will be held in a separate subsidiary that we will organize for that purpose. Herb will serve as the President and Chief Operating Officer of that subsidiary and be a member of its Board of Directors and will be compensated in accordance with the agreement previously reached with us. If this letter accurately sets forth our understanding, please sign and return a copy of this letter to us. Very truly yours, VAUGHAN FOODS INC. By: /s/ Mark E. Vaughan, President ------------------------------ Mark E. Vaughan, President Accepted and agreed to this 19th day of May, 2006 /s/ Herb Grimes - ------------------- Herb Grimes /s/ Stan Gustas - ------------------- Stan Gustas Braxton Management, Inc. By: /s/ Herb Grimes - -------------------- President 2 EX-10.3 18 c44364_ex10-3.txt EX-10.3 VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. 2006 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN 1. Purpose; Types of Awards; Construction. The purpose of the Vaughan Foods, Inc. 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (the "Plan") is to align the interests of officers, other key employees, consultants and nonemployee directors of Vaughan Foods, Inc. (the "Company") and its affiliates with those of the stockholders of the Company, to afford an incentive to such officers, employees, consultants and directors to continue as such, to increase their efforts on behalf of the Company and to promote the success of the Company's business. To further such purposes, the Committee may grant options to purchase shares of the Company's common stock. The provisions of the Plan are intended to satisfy the requirements of Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and of Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and shall be interpreted in a manner consistent with the requirements thereof, as now or hereafter construed, interpreted and applied by regulations, rulings and cases. 2. Definitions. As used in this Plan, the following words and phrases shall have the meanings indicated below: (a) "Agreement" shall mean a written agreement entered into between the Company and an Optionee in connection with an award under the Plan. (b) "Board" shall mean the Board of Directors of the Company. (c) "Cause," when used in connection with the termination of an Optionee's employment by the Company or the cessation of an Optionee's service as a consultant or a member of the Board, shall mean (i) the conviction of the Optionee for the commission of a felony, or (ii) the willful and continued failure by the Optionee substantially to perform his duties and obligations to the Company or a Subsidiary (other than any such failure resulting from his incapacity due to physical or mental illness), or (iii) the willful engaging by the Optionee in misconduct that is demonstrably injurious to the Company or a Subsidiary. For purposes of this Section 2(c), no act, or failure to act, on an Optionee's part shall be considered "willful" unless done, or omitted to be done, by the Optionee in bad faith and without reasonable belief that his action or omission was in the best interest of the Company. The Committee shall determine whether a termination of employment is for Cause for purposes of the Plan. (d) "Change in Control" shall mean the occurrence of the event set forth in any of the following paragraphs: (i) any Person (as defined below) is or becomes the beneficial owner (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company (not including in the securities beneficially owned by such Person any securities acquired directly from the Company or its subsidiaries) representing 50% or more of the combined voting power of the Company's then outstanding securities; or (ii) the following individuals cease for any reason to constitute a majority of the number of directors then serving: individuals who, on the date hereof, constitute the Board and any new director (other than a director whose initial assumption of office is in connection with an actual or threatened election contest, including but not limited to a consent solicitation, relating to the election of directors of the Company) whose appointment or election by the Board or nomination for election by the Company's stockholders was approved or recommended by a vote of at least two-thirds (2/3) of the directors then still in office who either were directors on the date hereof or whose appointment, election or nomination for election was previously so approved or recommended; or (iii) there is consummated a merger or consolidation of the Company or a direct or indirect subsidiary thereof with any other corporation, other than (A) a merger or consolidation which would result in the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the surviving entity or any parent thereof), in combination with the ownership of any trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan of the Company, at least 50% of the combined voting power of the securities of the Company or such surviving entity or any parent thereof outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation, or (B) a merger or consolidation effected to implement a recapitalization of the Company (or similar transaction) in which no Person is or becomes the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company (not including in the securities beneficially owned by such Person any securities acquired directly from the Company or its subsidiaries) representing 50% or more of the combined voting power of the Company's then outstanding securities; or (iv) the stockholders of the Company approve a plan of complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company or there is consummated an agreement for the sale or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Company's assets, other than a sale or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Company's assets to an entity, at least 50% of the combined voting power of the voting securities of which are owned by Persons in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of the Company immediately prior to such sale. For purposes of this Section 2(d), "Person" shall have the meaning given in Section 3(a)(9) of the Exchange Act, as modified and used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) thereof, except that such term shall not include (i) the Company or any of its subsidiaries, (ii) a trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, (iii) an underwriter temporarily holding securities pursuant to an offering of such securities, or (iv) a corporation owned, directly or indirectly, by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of stock of the Company. (e) "Code" shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time. (f) "Committee" shall mean a committee established by the Board to administer the Plan. (g) "Common Stock" shall mean shares of common stock, no par value, of the Company. (h) "Company" shall mean Vaughan Foods, Inc., a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Oklahoma, or any successor corporation. (i) "Disability" shall mean an Optionee's inability to perform his duties with the Company or on the Board by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment, as determined by a physician selected by the Optionee and acceptable to the Company. (j) "Exchange Act" shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time, and as now or hereafter construed, interpreted and applied by regulations, rulings and cases. (k) "Fair Market Value" per share as of a particular date shall mean (i) if the shares of Common Stock are then listed on a national securities exchange, the closing sales price per share of Common Stock on the national securities exchange on which the Common Stock is principally traded for the last preceding date on which there was a sale of such Common Stock on such exchange, or (ii) if the shares of Common Stock are then traded in an over-the-counter market, the closing bid price for the shares of Common Stock in such over-the-counter market for the last preceding date on which there was a sale of such Common Stock in such market, or (iii) if the shares of Common Stock are not then listed on a national securities exchange or traded in an over-the-counter market, such value as the Committee, in its sole discretion, shall determine. (l) "Incentive Stock Option" shall mean any option intended to be and designated as an incentive stock option within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code. (m) "Nonemployee Director" shall mean a member of the Board who is not an employee of the Company. (n) "Nonqualified Option" shall mean an Option that is not an Incentive Stock Option. (o) "Option" shall mean the right, granted hereunder, to purchase shares of Common Stock. Options granted by the Committee pursuant to the Plan may constitute either Incentive Stock Options or Nonqualified Stock Options. (p) "Optionee" shall mean a person who receives a grant of an Option. (q) "Option Price" shall mean the exercise price of the shares of Common Stock covered by an Option. (r) "Parent" shall mean any company (other than the Company) in an unbroken chain of companies ending with the Company if, at the time of granting an Option, each of the companies other than the Company owns stock possessing fifty percent (50%) or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock in one of the other companies in such chain. (s) "Plan" shall mean this Vaughan Foods, Inc. 2006 Equity Incentive Plan. (t) "Rule 16b-3" shall mean Rule 16b-3, as from time to time in effect, promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission under Section 16 of the Exchange Act, including any successor to such Rule. (u) "Subsidiary" shall mean any company (other than the Company) in an unbroken chain of companies beginning with the Company if, at the time of granting an Option, each of the companies other than the last company in the unbroken chain owns stock possessing fifty percent (50%) or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock in one of the other companies in such chain. (v) "Ten Percent Stockholder" shall mean an Optionee who, at the time an Incentive Stock Option is granted, owns (or is deemed to own pursuant to the attribution rules of Section 424(d) of the Code) stock possessing more than ten percent (10%) of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary. 3. Administration. The Plan, except as may otherwise be determined by the Board, shall be administered by the Committee, the members of which shall be "nonemployee directors" under Rule 16b-3 and "outside directors" under Section 162(m) of the Code. The Committee shall have the authority in its discretion, subject to and not inconsistent with the express provisions of the Plan, to administer the Plan and to exercise all the powers and authorities either specifically granted to it under the Plan or necessary or advisable in the administration of the Plan, including, without limitation, the authority to grant Options; to determine which Options shall constitute Incentive Stock Options and which Options shall constitute Nonqualified Stock Options; to determine the purchase price of the shares of Common Stock covered by each Option; to determine the persons to whom, and the time or times at which awards shall be granted; to determine the number of shares to be covered by each award; to interpret the Plan; to prescribe, amend and rescind rules and regulations relating to the Plan; to determine the terms and provisions of the Agreements (which need not be identical) and to cancel or suspend awards, as necessary; and to make all other determinations deemed necessary or advisable for the administration of the Plan. The Committee may not delegate its authority to grant Options. The Committee may employ one or more persons to render advice with respect to any responsibility the Committee may have under the Plan. The Board shall have sole authority, unless expressly delegated to the Committee, to grant Options to Nonemployee Directors. All decisions, determination and interpretations of the Committee shall be final and binding on all Optionees of any awards under this Plan. The Board shall have the authority to fill all vacancies, however caused, in the Committee. The Board may from time to time appoint additional members to the Committee, and may at any time remove one or more Committee members. One member of the Committee shall be selected by the Board as chairman. The Committee shall hold its meetings at such times and places as it shall deem advisable. All determinations of the Committee shall be made by a majority of its members either present in person or participating by conference telephone at a meeting or by written consent. The Committee may appoint a secretary and make such rules and regulations for the conduct of its business as it shall deem advisable, and shall keep minutes of its meetings. No member of the Board or Committee shall be liable for any action taken or determination made in good faith with respect to the Plan or any award granted hereunder. 4. Eligibility. Awards may be granted to officers and other key employees of and consultants to the Company, and its Subsidiaries, including officers and directors who are employees, and to Nonemployee Directors. In determining the persons to whom awards shall be granted and the number of shares to be covered by each award, the Committee shall take into account the duties of the respective persons, their present and potential contributions to the success of the Company and such other factors as the Committee shall deem relevant in connection with accomplishing the purpose of the Plan. 5. Stock. The maximum number of shares of Common Stock reserved for the grant of awards under the Plan shall be 1,650,000, subject to adjustment as provided in Section 9 hereof. Such shares may, in whole or in part, be authorized but unissued shares or shares that shall have been or may be reacquired by the Company. If any outstanding award under the Plan should for any reason expire, be canceled or be forfeited without having been exercised in full, the shares of Common Stock allocable to the unexercised, canceled or terminated portion of such award shall (unless the Plan shall have been terminated) become available for subsequent grants of awards under the Plan. 6. Terms and Conditions of Options. Each Option granted pursuant to the Plan shall be evidenced by an Agreement, in such form and containing such terms and conditions as the Committee shall from time to time approve, which Agreement shall comply with and be subject to the following terms and conditions, unless otherwise specifically provided in such Option Agreement: (a) Number of Shares. Each Option Agreement shall state the number of shares of Common Stock to which the Option relates. (b) Type of Option. Each Option Agreement shall specifically state that the Option constitutes an Incentive Stock Option or a Nonqualified Stock Option. (c) Option Price. Each Option Agreement shall state the Option Price, which shall not be less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value of the shares of Common Stock covered by the Option on the date of grant unless, with respect to Nonqualified Stock Options, otherwise determined by the Committee. The Option Price shall be subject to adjustment as provided in Section 9 hereof. The date as of which the Committee adopts a resolution expressly granting an Option shall be considered the day on which such Option is granted, unless such resolution specifies a different date. (d) Medium and Time of Payment. The Option Price shall be paid in full, at the time of exercise, in cash. (e) Exercise Schedule and Period of Options. Each Option Agreement shall provide the exercise schedule for the Option as determined by the Committee; provided, however, that, the Committee shall have the authority to accelerate the exercisability of any outstanding Option at such time and under such circumstances as it, in its sole discretion, deems appropriate. The exercise period shall be ten (10) years from the date of the grant of the Option unless otherwise determined by the Committee; provided, however, that, in the case of an Incentive Stock Option, such exercise period shall not exceed ten (10) years from the date of grant of such Option. The exercise period shall be subject to earlier termination as provided in Sections 6(f) and 6(g) hereof. An Option may be exercised, as to any or all full shares of Common Stock as to which the Option has become exercisable, by written notice delivered in person or by mail to the Secretary of the Company, specifying the number of shares of Common Stock with respect to which the Option is being exercised. (f) Termination. Except as provided in this Section 6(f) and in Section 6(g) hereof, an Option may not be exercised unless (i) with respect to an Optionee who is an employee of the Company, the Optionee is then in the employ of the Company or a Subsidiary (or a company or a Parent or Subsidiary company of such company issuing or assuming the Option in a transaction to which Section 424(a) of the Code applies), and unless the Optionee has remained continuously so employed since the date of grant of the Option and (ii) with respect to an Optionee who is a Nonemployee Director, the Optionee is then serving as a member of the Board or as a member of a board of directors of a company or a Parent or Subsidiary company of such company issuing or assuming the Option. In the event that the employment of an Optionee shall terminate or the service of an Optionee as a member of the Board shall cease (other than by reason of death, Disability, or Cause), all Options of such Optionee that are exercisable at the time of such termination may, unless earlier terminated in accordance with their terms, be exercised within ninety (90) days after the date of such termination or service (or such different period as the Committee shall prescribe). (g) Death or Disability of Optionee. If an Optionee shall die while employed by the Company or a Subsidiary or serving as a member of the Board, or within ninety (90) days after the date of termination of such Optionee's employment or cessation of such Optionee's service (or within such different period as the Committee may have provided pursuant to Section 6(f) hereof), or if the Optionee's employment shall terminate or service shall cease by reason of Disability, all Options theretofore granted to such Optionee (to the extent otherwise exercisable) may, unless earlier terminated in accordance with their terms, be exercised by the Optionee or by his beneficiary, at any time within one year after the death or Disability of the Optionee (or such different period as the Committee shall prescribe). In the event that an Option granted hereunder shall be exercised by the legal representatives of a deceased or former Optionee, written notice of such exercise shall be accompanied by a certified copy of letters testamentary or equivalent proof of the right of such legal representative to exercise such Option. Unless otherwise determined by the Committee, Options not otherwise exercisable on the date of termination of employment shall be forfeited as of such date. (h) Other Provisions. The Option Agreements evidencing awards under the Plan shall contain such other terms and conditions not inconsistent with the Plan as the Committee may determine, including penalties for the commission of competitive acts. 7. Nonqualified Stock Options. Options granted pursuant to this Section 7 are intended to constitute Nonqualified Stock Options and shall be subject only to the general terms and conditions specified in Section 6 hereof. 8. Incentive Stock Options. Options granted pursuant to this Section 8 are intended to constitute Incentive Stock Options and shall be subject to the following special terms and conditions, in addition to the general terms and conditions specified in Section 6 hereof. An Incentive Stock Option may not be granted to a Nonemployee Director or a consultant to the Company. (a) Value of Shares. The aggregate Fair Market Value (determined as of the date the Incentive Stock Option is granted) of the shares of Common Stock with respect to which Incentive Stock Options granted under this Plan and all other option plans of any subsidiary become exercisable for the first time by each Optionee during any calendar year shall not exceed $100,000. (b) Ten Percent Stockholder. In the case of an Incentive Stock Option granted to a Ten Percent Stockholder, (i) the Option Price shall not be less than one hundred ten percent (110%) of the Fair Market Value of the shares of Common Stock on the date of grant of such Incentive Stock Option, and (ii) the exercise period shall not exceed five (5) years from the date of grant of such Incentive Stock Option. 9. Effect of Certain Changes. (a) In the event of any extraordinary dividend, stock dividend, recapitalization, merger, consolidation, stock split, warrant or rights issuance, or combination or exchange of such shares, or other similar transactions, each of the number of shares of Common Stock available for awards, the number of such shares covered by outstanding awards, and the price per share of Options, as appropriate, shall be equitably adjusted by the Committee to reflect such event and preserve the value of such awards. (b) Upon the occurrence of a Change in Control, each Option granted under the Plan and then outstanding but not yet exercisable shall thereupon become fully exercisable. 10. Surrender and Exchange of Awards. The Committee may permit the voluntary surrender of all or a portion of any Option granted under the Plan or any option granted under any other plan, program or arrangement of the Company or any Subsidiary ("Surrendered Option"), to be conditioned upon the granting to the Optionee of a new Option for the same number of shares of Common Stock as the Surrendered Option, or may require such voluntary surrender as a condition precedent to a grant of a new Option to such Optionee. Subject to the provisions of the Plan, such new Option may be an Incentive Stock Option or a Nonqualified Stock Option, and shall be exercisable at the price, during such period and on such other terms and conditions as are specified by the Committee at the time the new Option is granted. 11. Period During Which Awards May Be Granted. Awards may be granted pursuant to the Plan from time to time within a period of ten (10) years from the date the Plan is adopted by the Board, or the date the Plan is approved by the shareholders of the Company, whichever is earlier, unless the Board shall terminate the Plan at an earlier date. 12. Nontransferability of Awards. Except as otherwise determined by the Committee, awards granted under the Plan shall not be transferable otherwise than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and awards may be exercised or otherwise realized, during the lifetime of the Optionee, only by the Optionee or by his guardian or legal representative. 13. Approval of Shareholders. The Plan shall take effect upon its adoption by the Board and shall terminate on the tenth anniversary of such date, but the Plan (and any grants of awards made prior to the shareholder approval mentioned herein) shall be subject to the approval of Company's shareholders, which approval must occur within twelve months of the date the Plan is adopted by the Board. 14. Agreement by Optionee Regarding Withholding Taxes. If the Committee shall so require, as a condition of exercise of a Nonqualified Stock Option (a "Tax Event"), each Optionee who is not a Nonemployee Director shall agree that no later than the date of the Tax Event, such Optionee will pay to the Company or make arrangements satisfactory to the Committee regarding payment of any federal, state or local taxes of any kind required by law to be withheld upon the Tax Event. Alternatively, the Committee may provide that such an Optionee may elect, to the extent permitted or required by law, to have the Company deduct federal, state and local taxes of any kind required by law to be withheld upon the Tax Event from any payment of any kind due the Optionee. The withholding obligation may be satisfied by the withholding or delivery of Common Stock. Any decision made by the Committee under this Section 15 shall be made in its sole discretion. 15. Amendment and Termination of the Plan. The Board at any time and from time to time may suspend, terminate, modify or amend the Plan; provided, however, that, unless otherwise determined by the Board, an amendment that requires stockholder approval in order for the Plan to continue to comply with Rule 16b-3, Section 162(m) of the Code or any other law, regulation or stock exchange requirement shall not be effective unless approved by the requisite vote of stockholders. Except as provided in Section 9(a) hereof, no suspension, termination, modification or amendment of the Plan may adversely affect any award previously granted, unless the written consent of the Optionee is obtained. 16. Rights as a Shareholder. An Optionee or a transferee of an award shall have no rights as a shareholder with respect to any shares covered by the award until the date of the issuance of a stock certificate to him for such shares. No adjustment shall be made for dividends (ordinary or extraordinary, whether in cash, securities or other property) or distribution of other rights for which the record date is prior to the date such stock certificate is issued, except as provided in Section 9(a) hereof. 17. No Rights to Employment or Service as a Director or Consultant. Nothing in the Plan or in any award granted or Agreement entered into pursuant hereto shall confer upon any Optionee the right to continue in the employ of the Company or any Subsidiary or as a member of the Board or a consultant to the Company or any Subsidiary or to be entitled to any remuneration or benefits not set forth in the Plan or such Agreement or to interfere with or limit in any way the right of the Company or any such Subsidiary to terminate such Optionee's employment or service. Awards granted under the Plan shall not be affected by any change in duties or position of an employee Optionee as long as such Optionee continues to be employed by the Company or any Subsidiary. 18. Beneficiary. An Optionee may file with the Committee a written designation of a beneficiary on such form as may be prescribed by the Committee and may, from time to time, amend or revoke such designation. If no designated beneficiary survives the Optionee, the executor or administrator of the Optionee's estate shall be deemed to be the Optionee's beneficiary. 19. Governing Law. The Plan and all determinations made and actions taken pursuant hereto shall be governed by the laws of the State of Oklahoma. EX-10.4 19 c44364_ex10-4.txt EX-10.4 SECURITIES PURCHASE AND SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT This SECURITIES PURCHASE AND SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT (the "AGREEMENT") is made as of July 17, 2006, by and among Vaughan Foods, Inc., an Oklahoma corporation (the "COMPANY"), and the undersigned (the "PURCHASER"). WITNESSETH: WHEREAS: A. The Company and the Purchaser are executing and delivering this Agreement in reliance upon the exemption from securities registration afforded by Rule 506 under Regulation D ("REGULATION D") as promulgated by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 ACT"). B. The Company desires to issue and sell, upon the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement: 10% unsecured promissory notes of the Company, substantially in the form attached hereto as EXHIBIT A, in the aggregate principal amount of up to One Million Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($1,500,000) (the "NOTES"); and such number and type of equity securities of the Company as shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement (the "ADDITIONAL SECURITIES" and together with the Notes hereinafter called the "SECURITIES"). C. Purchaser wishes to purchase, upon the terms and conditions stated in this Agreement, such principal amount of Notes as is set forth immediately below its name on the signature page hereto, together with the Additional Securities obtainable upon such purchase of Notes as provided in this Agreement. D. Contemporaneous with the Closing (as defined below), (a) the parties hereto will execute and deliver a Registration Rights Agreement, substantially in the form attached hereto as EXHIBIT B-1 (the "REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT"), pursuant to which the Company has agreed to provide to Purchaser (and all other purchasers that execute agreements substantially identical to this Agreement) (collectively, the "PURCHASERS") certain registration rights under the 1933 Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and applicable state securities laws for the Additional Securities (the "PURCHASERS REGISTRATION STATEMENT") and (b) Mark E. Vaughan and Vernon J. Brandt, Jr. (collectively, the "PLEDGORS")will execute and deliver Security and Stock Pledge Agreement, substantially in the form attached hereto as EXHIBIT B-2 (the "STOCK PLEDGE AGREEMENT"), pursuant to which they will pledge, on a non-recourse basis, all of its right, title and interest in and to Allison's Gourmet Kitchens, Limited Partnership ("ALLISON'S") as collateral security for the repayment of the Notes. NOW THEREFORE, the Company and the Purchaser hereby agree as follows: ARTICLE ONE PURCHASE AND SALE OF NOTES AND ADDITIONAL SECURUITIES ----------------------------------------------------- 1.1 PURCHASE OF SECURITIES. On the Closing Date (as defined below), the Company shall sell to the Purchaser and the Purchaser agrees to purchase from the Company; (i) such principal amount of Notes as is set forth immediately below such Purchaser's name on the signature pages hereto (the "PURCHASED NOTE"); and (ii) such Additional Securities, as shall be determined in accordance with Section 1.2 hereof. 1.2 ADDITIONAL SECURITIES. The Company hereby agrees that, in addition to the Purchased Note, the Purchaser shall be entitled to the Additional Securities as follows: (i) If at any time after the date hereof and prior to June 30, 2007 the Company shall have sold any equity securities (whether common stock, preferred stock, warrants options or any combination thereof, such securities hereinafter referred to as the "QUALIFIED SALE SECURITIES") in a transaction or series of related transactions wherein the gross proceeds received by the Company equal or exceed $5,000,000 (a "QUALIFIED SALE"), then upon the closing of the first such Qualified Sale, the Company shall deliver to the Purchaser such number or numbers of securities identical to the Qualified Sale Securities as shall have a value equal to one-half of the principal amount of the Purchased Note (such value to be based upon the gross purchase price (before deductions for fees, commissions, discounts or expenses) for the Qualified Sale Securities in such Qualified Sale). Any such securities issued to Purchaser shall have the same cusip numbers as the corresponding securities in the Qualified Sale. (ii) If a Qualified Sale shall not have occurred on or prior to June 30, 2007, but the Purchased Note shall have been repaid in full on or prior to such date, then on July 1, 2007 the Company shall issue to the Purchaser that number of shares of its common stock as shall equal one-half of the original principal amount of the Note divided by $4.00. (iii) If a Qualified Sale shall not have occurred on or prior to June 30, 2007, and the Purchased Note shall not have been repaid in full on or prior to such date, then on July 1, 2007 the Company shall issue to the Purchaser that number of shares of its common stock as shall equal the original principal amount of the Note divided by $4.00. The number of shares to be delivered pursuant to clause (ii) of this Section 1.2 assumes that the Company has 5,000,000 shares issued and outstanding. If the number of shares actually issued and outstanding on July 1, 2007 is more or less than 5,000,000, the $4.00 divisor shall be adjusted up or down so that the product of the number of shares issued and outstanding and the divisor is $20,000,000. 1.3 FORM OF PAYMENT. Currently with the execution of this Agreement the Purchaser shall remit to Hagen O'Connell LLP (the "ESCROW AGENT") an amount equal to the principal amount of the Purchased Note (the "PURCHASE PRICE") by either (i) wire transfer of immediately available funds to the Escrow Agent at Wells Fargo Bank, 1300 SW Fifth Avenue, 11th Floor, Portland Oregon, Account Name: Hagen O'Connell LLP (Vaughan Escrow), Account No.: 7912-028938, ABA Routing No. 121000248 or (ii) a check made payable to Hagen O'Connell LLP, Bank of America Financial Center, Suite 1500, 121 SW Morrison, Portland, Oregon 97204 (Vaughan Escrow). The Purchase Price shall be held in escrow by the Escrow Agent pending the Closing or the termination of this Agreement. At the Closing, the Purchase Price shall be released from escrow and paid to the Company and the interest earned thereon (if any) shall be distributed to the Purchaser. If the Closing shall not have occurred and this Agreement shall have been terminated, the Escrow Agent shall return the Purchase Price together with the interest earned thereon (if any) to the Purchaser and the Company shall thereafter have no further obligation to the Purchaser. 1.4 CLOSING. The closing of the transactions to be effected hereunder (the "CLOSING") shall be held at 10:00 A.M. on the business day on which the satisfaction or waiver of the last of the conditions set forth in Article Five has occurred, or at such other place or at such other time as the Company and the Purchaser may mutually agree (the "CLOSING DATE"); provided that if the Closing has 2 not occurred prior to 5:00 PM Pacific time July 15, 2006 this Agreement shall automatically terminate. 1.5 DELIVERY OF PURCHASED SECURITIES. At the Closing, the Company shall deliver to the Purchaser the Purchased Note, duly executed on behalf of the Company. The Company shall deliver to the Purchaser the Additional Securities within five days after the determination of the type and number thereof. 1.6 ALLOCATION OF PURCHASE PRICE. For income tax purposes, the Purchase Price will be allocated to the Purchased Note and the Additional Securities based on their relative fair market values. 1.7 COMMISSION PAYMENT AND LOAN REPAYMENT. The Purchaser is aware that the Company has retained the services of Paulson Investment Company, Inc. ("PAULSON") to act as a Placement Agent in connection with the sale of the Notes and that Paulson shall be entitled to a selling commission equal to 8% of the gross proceeds received by the Company in connection with the sale of the Notes and reimbursement of up to $10,000 of expenses incurred in connection therewith. ARTICLE TWO REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY The Company hereby represents and warrants to the Purchaser as follows: 2.1. NO VIOLATIONS. The making and performance by the Company of this Agreement does not violate any provision of law or of the Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws of the Company, nor does it result in a breach of or constitute a default under any agreement, indenture or other instrument to which the Company is a party or by which the Company may be bound, where such breach or default would have a material adverse effect on the Company. 2.2. DUE AUTHORIZATION; VALIDITY. This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered and is a valid and binding Agreement of the Company and the Promissory Notes to be issued hereunder by the Company will be valid and binding obligations of the Company in accordance with their terms. 2.3. CORPORATE REQUIREMENTS. The Company (i) is a corporation duly organized and existing in good standing under the laws of the State of Oklahoma; (ii) has the power and authority to own the properties and assets which it purports to own and to carry on its business as now conducted; (iii) has the power and authority to execute and deliver all documents required hereunder; and (iv) to the best of its knowledge, has complied with all filing and other requirements of Federal, State and local laws, insofar as such laws relate to its doing business. ARTICLE THREE COVENANTS 3.1. ALLISON'S. On or prior to the date on which the Additional Securities shall be issued (the "ISSUE DATE"), the Company shall acquire all of the equity interests or all of the operating assets of Allison's. 3.2. CHARTER AMENDMENT. The Purchaser acknowledges that as of the date hereof, the Company's authorized capital consists of 600 shares of common stock, par value $1.00 per share. On 3 or prior to the Issue Date, the Company shall take all corporate action necessary to amend its Articles of Incorporation to increase its authorized capital so as to permit the issuance of the Additional Securities and shall reserve a sufficient number of shares of its capital stock to provide for the issuance of the Additional Securities (as well as shares of capital stock underlying any options, warrants or convertible securities included in the Additional Securities). ARTICLE FOUR THE PURCHASER 4.1 PURCHASER REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. The Purchaser represents and warrants to the Company that: (a) The Purchaser understands and acknowledges that the Securities are being sold by the Company without registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 ACT"), and state securities laws in reliance on the exemptions from registration set forth in sections 3(b) and 4(2) of the securities law exemptions. (b) The Securities are being acquired by the Purchaser for the Purchaser's own account for long-term investment and not with a view to the distribution thereof, and with no present intention of selling or otherwise disposing of the Securities or any part thereof. The Purchaser has no present or contemplated agreement, undertaking, arrangement, obligation, indebtedness or commitment providing for or which is likely to compel a disposition of the Securities in any manner. The Purchaser is not aware of any present circumstances that are likely to promote the Purchaser's future disposition of the Securities. (c) The Purchaser is an "accredited investor" as such term is defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D promulgated under the 1933 Act, as indicated by the Purchaser's responses to the Confidential Purchaser Questionnaire attached hereto as EXHIBIT C (the "QUESTIONNAIRE"), the Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Securities and the Purchaser understands that because the Securities will be sold without registration under the 1933 Act, the Purchaser must hold the Securities indefinitely and cannot sell, exchange, assign, transfer, gift, pledge, encumber, hypothecate or otherwise dispose of the Securities except pursuant to an exemption from the registration provisions of the federal and state securities laws, the availability of which must be satisfied to the Company in its discretion. (d) The Purchaser has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that the Purchaser is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Company; the Purchaser has received and reviewed all information requested of the Company and, based on such review, understands and has evaluated the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Company, and has decided to purchase the Securities. (e) The Purchaser has had the opportunity to ask questions and receive answers concerning the Company, as well as the terms and conditions of the offering of the Securities, and to obtain additional information reasonably available to the Company and any persons acting on the Company's behalf, necessary to verify the accuracy of any information provided to the Purchaser, and the Purchaser has received all of the information the Purchaser has requested to the extent that such information is reasonably available to the Company. The Purchaser requires no additional information to evaluate fully the merits and risks of a prospective investment in the Company. (f) The Purchaser has received and has read carefully the Executive Summary, the 4 Risk Factors, the audited financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 and the unaudited balance sheets and statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 of the Company and of Allison's, copies of which are annexed hereto as EXHIBIT D. The Purchaser further understands that any investment in the Securities may involve material risks in addition to those disclosed in the "Risk Factors," which does not purport to be an exhaustive list of all material risks involved with an investment in the Securities. (g) The Purchaser understands that the Company is relying on the accuracy of statements contained in this Agreement and the Questionnaire in connection with the sale of the Securities, and the Securities would not be sold to the Purchaser if any statement contained in this Agreement or the Questionnaire were untrue; and all other offerees or purchasers of the Securities may rely on the accuracy of statement contained in this Agreement and the Questionnaire in connection with any matters relating to the offer or sale of the Securities. (h) The Purchaser acknowledges that the Company has advised the Purchaser that in accordance with the provisions of Section 1.6 hereof, a portion of the Purchase Price will be allocated to the Purchased Note and the Additional Securities based on their relative fair market values, and that therefore the Purchaser will be required to report as interest income the difference between the amount allocated to the Purchased Note and 100% of the principal amount of the Purchased Note. The Purchaser further acknowledges that the Company has advised the Purchaser that such allocation is not binding on the Internal Revenue Service which may take the position that the portion of the Purchase Price to be allocated to the Purchased Note should be less, thereby increasing the amount of interest income to be recognized by the Purchaser. The Purchaser represents to the Company that Purchaser has relied on the Purchaser's own tax counsel as to all tax matters with respect to the purchase of its Securities, including without limitation the application of Internal Revenue Code Sections 1271 et. seq., regarding "original issue discount" to the Purchased Note. (i) The Purchaser shall immediately notify the Company if, for any reason, any of the statements contained herein or in the Confidential Purchaser Questionnaire become inaccurate at any time from the date hereof until the Closing, and the Purchaser understands that the continued accuracy of the statements contained herein and in the Confidential Purchaser Questionnaire is of the essence to the sale of the Securities. (j) The Purchaser shall indemnify the Company and all persons acting on their behalf and hold them harmless from any and all liability, damage, cost or expense, including but not limited to attorneys' fees, incurred on account of or arising directly or indirectly out of any inaccuracy in the subscriber's representations in this Agreement or the Questionnaire or any disposition of all or any portion of the Securities subscribed for hereunder in violation of his representations in this Agreement and the Questionnaire. (k) The Purchaser has relied on the Purchaser's own legal counsel to the extent the Purchaser has deemed necessary as to all legal matters and questions presented with reference to the offering and sale of the Securities. (l) The Purchaser has relied on the Purchaser's own accountant or other financial advisor and/or his or her own financial experience as to all financial matters and questions presented with reference to the purchase of the Securities. (m) The Purchaser has relied on the Purchaser's own analysis and evaluation (or the analysis and evaluation of its professional advisors) of the Company, its products and services, the technology issues involved and the market in which the Company intends to operate. 5 (n) The Purchaser fully understands the terms, conditions and consequences relating to the offering of the Securities and understands the Purchaser may have to hold such Securities indefinitely. 4.2 PURCHASER COVENANTS. In the event the Company proposes to complete an underwritten public offering subsequent to the Closing Date, the Purchaser will execute a "lock-up" agreement containing such terms, conditions and provisions as may be required by the managing underwriter of such offering, not to exceed one year; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, in no event shall the Purchaser be subject to a lock-up agreement that is more restrictive than that executed by the Company's officers, directors, and the holders of 5% or more of the Company's common stock. ARTICLE FIVE CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO THE CLOSING The obligations of the parties pursuant to this Agreement are subject to the satisfaction at the Closing of each of the following conditions; provided, however, that the parties may, in their sole discretion, waive any of such conditions and proceed with the transactions contemplated hereby: 5.1. SALE OF SECURITIES. The Company shall have received and accepted executed agreements relating to the sale of Notes (including the Purchased Note) and Additional Securities for a gross purchase price of $1,500,000 and shall be prepared to close with respect thereto. 5.2 ANCILLARY AGREEMENTS. The Company shall have executed and delivered the Registration Rights Agreement and the Pledgors shall have executed and delivered the Stock Pledge Agreement to the Purchasers. ARTICLE SIX MISCELLANEOUS 6.1. GENDER. The neuter pronoun, when used herein, shall include the masculine and feminine and also the plural. 6.2 CHOICE OF LAW. This Agreement has been delivered in the State of Oklahoma and shall be construed in accordance with the laws of Oklahoma. Wherever possible each provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition without invalidating the remainder of such provision or the remaining provisions of this Agreement. With respect to any claim or action arising under this Agreement, the Company hereby (i) irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of the courts of the state of Georgia and the United States District Court located in the city of Moore, State of Oklahoma, and (ii) irrevocably waives any objection which it may have at any time to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement brought in any such court, irrevocably waives any claim that any such suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum and further irrevocably waives the right to object, with respect to such claim, suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court, that such court does not have jurisdiction over such party. Nothing in this Agreement will be deemed to preclude the Purchaser from bringing an action or proceeding in respect hereof in any other jurisdiction. 6 6.3 SUCCESSOR AND ASSIGNS. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the successors and assigns of the parties hereto. The rights and privileges of Purchaser hereunder shall inure to the benefit of Purchaser's heirs, legal representatives, successors and assigns. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) the Company may not assign its obligations under this Agreement without the consent of the Purchaser and (ii) Purchaser may assign or transfer any of its rights hereunder subject to providing the Company with evidence reasonably acceptable to the Company that such assignment or transfer will not violate or require registration under any applicable federal or state securities law or regulation. 6.4. SEVERABILITY. If any provision of this Agreement or of any of the documents executed in connection herewith or the application thereof to any party thereto or circumstances shall be invalid or unenforceable to any extent, the remainder of this Agreement and of such documents and the application of such provisions to any other parry therein or circumstance shall not be affected thereby and shall be enforced to the greatest extent permitted by law. 6.5. SURVIVAL. All representations, warranties and covenants made in this Agreement shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement. 6.6. COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts each of which shall be deemed to be an original but all of which, when taken together, shall constitute one and the same instrument. 6.7. ACCREDITED INVESTOR REPRESENTATION. Purchaser shall deliver to the Company, together with an executed copy of this Agreement, a completed Questionnaire, and by executing this Agreement, Purchaser represents and warrants that it is an "accredited investor" as that term is defined under Regulation D of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Purchaser further agrees that notwithstanding anything else contained in this Agreement, at the time of any investment decision by Purchaser, the Company may require, as a condition to such investment decision or conversion, that Purchaser provide reasonable evidence and make reasonable representations and warranties regarding its status as an "accredited investor" as of the time of the investment decision. 6.8. AMENDMENT AND WAIVER. This Agreement may be amended or modified upon the written consent of the Company and the Purchaser, and any provision may be waived only in writing, by the party waiving such provision. 6.9 NOTICES. All notices, requests, demands and other communications which are required to be or may be given under this Agreement to any party to any of the other parties shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given when (a) delivered in person, or (b) the day following dispatch by an overnight courier service (such as Federal Express or UPS, etc.) to the party to whom the same is so given or made: If to the Company addressed to: Vaughan Foods, Inc. 216 Northeast 12th Street Moore, Oklahoma 73160 Attention: Chief Executive Officer If to Purchaser addressed to: The address set forth on the signature page hereto. 7 * * * * * IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed and delivered under seal, the day and year first above written. VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. /s/ Mark E. Vaughan - --------------------------- Name: Mark E. Vaughan Title: Chairman and CEO PURCHASER: - ----------------------------------- Print Name of Purchaser:__________________________ Print Title of Purchaser (if Purchaser is not an individual):_________________ Tax I.D. # of Purchaser: _________________________ Aggregate amount invested: _______________________ Address: ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ 8 EX-10.5 20 c44364_ex10-5.txt EX-101.5 EXHIBIT B REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT (this "AGREEMENT"), dated as of July 17, 2006, by and among Vaughan Foods, Inc., an Oklahoma corporation, with its offices located at 216 Northeast 12th Street, Moore, Oklahoma 73160 (the "COMPANY"), and the undersigned persons executing this Agreement (each a "HOLDER" and collectively, the "HOLDERS"). WHEREAS: A. Pursuant to one or more Securities Purchase and Subscription Agreements, dated as of the date hereof (the "SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENTS"), the Holders are purchasing from the Company the Company's 10% unsecured promissory notes due June 30, 2007 in the aggregate principal amount of $1.5 million (the "NOTES") and the Additional Securities (as defined below); B. To induce the Holders to execute and deliver the Subscription Agreement, the Company has agreed to provide certain registration rights under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any similar successor statute (the "1933 ACT") and the rules and regulations thereunder, and applicable state securities laws; NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants contained herein and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Holders hereby agree as follows: 1. DEFINITIONS a. In addition to any other defined terms set forth herein, when used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings: (i) "ADDITIONAL SECURITIES" has the meaning ascribed to it in the Subscription Agreements. (ii) "COMMON STOCK" means the Company's common stock, par value $1.00 per share. (iii) "EFFECTIVE DATE" means the effective date of a Registration Statement relating to a Qualified Sale. (iv) "EXCHANGE ACT" means the Securities and exchange Act of 1934, as amended. (v) "HOLDERS" means the persons and/or entities (other than the Company) that execute a Subscription Agreement. (vi) "QUALIFIED SALE" has the meaning ascribed to it in the Subscription Agreements. (vii) "REGISTER," "REGISTERED," and "REGISTRATION" refer to a registration effected by preparing and filing a Registration Statement or Statements in compliance with the 1933 Act and pursuant to Rule 415 under the 1933 Act or any successor rule providing for offering securities on a continuous basis ("RULE 415"), and the declaration or ordering of effectiveness of such Registration Statement by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). (viii) "REGISTERABLE SECURITIES" means the Additional Securities, including any securities of the Company underlying the Additional Securities, and any Payment Shares. (ix) "REGISTRATION STATEMENT" means a registration statement of the Company under the 1933 Act. (x) "RESALE REGISTRATION STATEMENT" means a Registration Statement covering the resale of all, or any portion of, the Registerable Securities. b. Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the respective meanings set forth in the Subscription Agreement. 2. REGISTRATION a. MANDATORY REGISTRATION. On or prior to the sixtieth (60th) day following the earlier of (i) the Effective Date and (ii) the first date on which it is eligible to use a Form S-3 Registration Statement (the "FILING DATE"), the Company shall prepare and file with the SEC a Resale Registration Statement, which Resale Registration Statement, to the extent allowable under the 1933 Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (including Rule 416), shall state that it also covers such indeterminate number of additional shares of Common Stock as may become issuable upon conversion of and exercise of any of the Registerable Securities to prevent dilution resulting from stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that no such Resale Registration Statement need be filed at any time at which all of the Registerable Securities can be resold under the provisions of Rule 144(k) promulgated under the 33 Act, or any equivalent rule. b. PAYMENTS BY THE COMPANY. The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to obtain effectiveness of the Resale Registration Statement as soon as practicable and after obtaining such effectiveness to keep the Resale Registration Statement effective pursuant to Rule 415 until the earlier of (i) the date on which all of the Registerable Securities have been sold and (ii) the date on which all the Registerable Securities are saleable under Rule 144(k) or any equivalent rule (the "REGISTRATION PERIOD"). If the Resale Registration Statement is (i) not filed by the Filing Date, or (ii) not declared effective by the SEC on or prior to sixty (60) days after the Filing Date (90 days if the financial information included in the Resale Registration Statement as originally filed must be updated) or (iii) not continually effective throughout the Registration Period (except for an Allowed Delay (as defined in Section 3(e) below), then the Company shall pay to each Holder, as his, her or its sole and exclusive remedy for the damages incurred by reason of any such delay in such Holder's ability to sell the Registerable Securities, an amount equal to 2% of the original outstanding principal amount of the Note purchased by such Holder multiplied by the number of months (prorated for partial months) after the Filing Date and prior to the date on which a Resale Registration Statement is filed with the SEC or the end of the aforementioned 60-day period (90-day period if the financial information included in the Resale Registration Statement as originally filed must be updated) and prior to the date the Resale Registration Statement is declared effective by the SEC or the period after the Resale Registration Statement was declared effective but during which its use was suspended (the "LATE FEE"), provided, however, that there shall be excluded from such period any delays which are solely attributable to changes required by the Holders in the Resale Registration Statement with respect to information relating to the Holders, including, without limitation, changes to the plan of distribution, or to the failure of the Holders to conduct their review of the Registration Statement pursuant to Section 3(g) below within seven days of receipt thereof. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, in no event shall the Late Fee (i) continue to accrue after the earliest date more than one year from the date of this Agreement that the Company is current in its reporting requirements under the Exchange Act and has been subject to such reporting requirements for at least 90 days and (ii) exceed an amount equal to 10% percent of the original outstanding principal amount of the Notes purchased by such Holder. Any Late Fee may, at the option of the Company, be paid in cash or shares of Common Stock ("PAYMENT SHARES"), or any combination thereof; provided that if the Company should elect to make all or any portion of such payment in Payment Shares, such Payment Shares shall (i) for purposes of such payment be valued based upon the 4:00 PM (New York time) closing bid price of a share of Common 2 Stock. on the trading day immediately prior to the date that such payment is due, as reported by Bloomberg Financial L.P and (ii) be included in the Resale Registration Statement. 3. OBLIGATIONS OF THE COMPANY In connection with the registration of the Registerable Securities, the Company shall have the following obligations: a. The Company shall prepare promptly, and file with the SEC not later than the Filing Date, a Resale Registration Statement with respect to the number of Registerable Securities provided in Section 2(a), and thereafter use its best efforts to cause such Resale Registration Statement relating to Registerable Securities to become effective as soon as possible after such filing but in no event later than 60 days after the Filing Date (90 days if the financial information included in the Resale Registraton Statement as originally filed must be updated), and keep the Resale Registration Statement effective pursuant to Rule 415 until the earlier of (i) the date on which all of the Registerable Securities have been sold and (ii) the date on which all the Registerable Securities are saleable under Rule 144(k) promulgated under the 1933 Act (the "REGISTRATION Period"), which Resale Registration Statement (including any amendments or supplements thereto and prospectuses contained therein) shall not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein, or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. b. The Company shall prepare and file with the SEC such amendments (including post-effective amendments) and supplements to the Resale Registration Statement and the prospectus used in connection with the Resale Registration Statement as may be necessary to keep the Resale Registration Statement effective at all times during the Registration Period, and, during such period, comply with the provisions of the 1933 Act with respect to the disposition of all Registerable Securities. c. The Company shall furnish the Holders (i) promptly (but in no event more than five (5) business days) after the same is prepared and publicly distributed, filed with the SEC, or received by the Company, one copy of the Resale Registration Statement and any amendment thereto and each preliminary prospectus and prospectus and each amendment or supplement thereto, and (ii) a reproducible copy of a prospectus, including a preliminary prospectus, and all amendments and supplements thereto and such other documents as the Holders may reasonably request in order to facilitate the disposition of the Registerable Securities. The Company will immediately notify each Holder by facsimile of the effectiveness of the Resale Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment. The Company will promptly respond to any and all comments received from the SEC, with a view towards causing the Resale Registration Statement or any amendment thereto to be declared effective by the SEC as soon as practicable, shall promptly file an acceleration request as soon as practicable (but in no event more than three (3) business days) following the resolution or clearance of all SEC comments or, if applicable, following notification by the SEC that the Resale Registration Statement or any amendment thereto will not be subject to review and shall promptly file with the SEC a final prospectus as soon as practicable (but in no event more than two (2) business days) following receipt by the Company from the SEC of an order declaring the Resale Registration Statement effective. In the event of a breach by the Company of the provisions of this Section 3(c), the Company will be required to make payments pursuant to Section 2(b) hereof. d. The Company shall use reasonable efforts to (i) register and qualify the Registerable Securities under such other securities or "blue sky" laws of such jurisdictions in the United States as the Holders who hold a majority in interest of the Registerable Securities being offered reasonably request, (ii) prepare and file in those jurisdictions such amendments (including post-effective amendments) and supplements to such registrations and qualifications as may be necessary to maintain the effectiveness thereof during the Registration Period, (iii) take such other actions as may be necessary to maintain such registrations and qualifications in effect at all times during the Registration Period, and (iv) take all other actions reasonably necessary or advisable to qualify the Registerable Securities for sale in such jurisdictions; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the Company shall not be required in connection therewith or as a 3 condition thereto to (a) qualify to do business in any jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to qualify but for this Section 3(d), (b) subject itself to general taxation in any such jurisdiction, (c) file a general consent to service of process in any such jurisdiction, (d) provide any undertakings that cause the Company undue expense or burden, or (e) make any change in its charter or bylaws, which in each case the Board of Directors of the Company determines to be contrary to the best interests of the Company and its stockholders. e. As promptly as practicable after becoming aware of such event, the Company shall notify each Holder of the happening of any event, of which the Company has knowledge, as a result of which the prospectus included in the Resale Registration Statement, as then in effect, includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omission to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and use its best efforts promptly to prepare a supplement or amendment to the Resale Registration Statement to correct such untrue statement or omission, and deliver a reproducible copy of such supplement or amendment to each Holder; provided that, for not more than thirty (30) consecutive trading days (or a total of not more than sixty (60) trading days in any twelve (12) month period), the Company may delay the disclosure of material non-public information concerning the Company the disclosure of which at the time is not, in the good faith opinion of the Company, in the best interests of the Company (an "ALLOWED DELAY"); provided, further, that the Company shall promptly (i) notify the Holders in writing of the existence of (but in no event, without the prior written consent of the Holders, shall the Company disclose to such Holders any of the facts or circumstances regarding) material non-public information giving rise to an Allowed Delay and (ii) advise the Holders in writing to cease all sales under the Resale Registration Statement until the end of the Allowed Delay. Upon expiration of the Allowed Delay, the Company shall again be bound by the first sentence of this Section 3(e) with respect to the information giving rise thereto. f. The Company shall use its best efforts to prevent the issuance of any stop order or other suspension of effectiveness of the Resale Registration Statement, and, if such an order is issued, to obtain the withdrawal of such order at the earliest possible moment and to notify each Holder who holds Registerable Securities being sold (or, in the event of an underwritten offering, the managing underwriters) of the issuance of such order and the resolution thereof. g. The Company shall permit a single firm or counsel designated by the Holders to review the Resale Registration Statement and all amendments and supplements thereto a reasonable period of time prior to their filing with the SEC, and not file any document in a form to which such counsel reasonably objects. The sections of the Resale Registration Statement covering information with respect to the Holders, the Holder's beneficial ownership of securities of the Company or the Holders intended method of disposition of Registerable Securities shall conform to the information provided to the Company by each of the Holders. h. The Company shall hold in confidence and not make any disclosure of information concerning any Holders provided to the Company unless (i) disclosure of such information is necessary to comply with federal or state securities laws, (ii) the disclosure of such information is necessary to avoid or correct a misstatement or omission in any Registration Statement, (iii) the release of such information is ordered pursuant to a subpoena or other order from a court or governmental body of competent jurisdiction, or (iv) such information has been made generally available to the public other than by disclosure in violation of this or any other agreement. The Company agrees that it shall, upon learning that disclosure of such information concerning a Holder is sought in or by a court or governmental body of competent jurisdiction or through other means, give prompt notice to such Buyer prior to making such disclosure and allow the Holder, at its expense, to undertake appropriate action to prevent disclosure of, or to obtain a protective order for, such information. i. The Company shall cause all the Registerable Securities covered by the Resale Registration Statement to be listed on each national securities exchange or Nasdaq trading market on which securities of the same class or series issued by the Company are then listed, if any, if the listing of such Registerable Securities is then permitted under the rules of such exchange or market, as the case may be. 4 j. The Company shall provide a transfer agent and registrar, which may be a single entity, for the Registerable Securities not later than the effective date of the Resale Registration Statement. k. The Company shall cooperate with the Holders to facilitate the timely preparation and delivery of certificates representing Registerable Securities to be offered pursuant to the Resale Registration Statement and enable such certificates to be in such denominations or amounts, as the case may be, or the Holders may reasonably request and registered in such names as the Holders may request, and, within three (3) business days after the Resale Registration Statement is effective, the Company shall deliver, and shall cause legal counsel selected by the Company to deliver, to the transfer agent for the Registerable Securities (with copies to the Holders whose Registerable Securities are included in such Registration Statement) an instruction and an opinion of such counsel. l. At the request of the holders of a majority-in-interest of the Registerable Securities, the Company shall prepare and file with the SEC such amendments (including post-effective amendments) and supplements to the Resale Registration Statement and any prospectus used in connection with the Resale Registration Statement as may be necessary in order to change the plan of distribution set forth in such Resale Registration Statement. 4. OBLIGATIONS OF THE HOLDERS In connection with the registration of the Registerable Securities, the Holders shall have the following obligations: a. It shall be a condition precedent to the obligations of the Company to complete the registration pursuant to this Agreement with respect to the Registerable Securities of a particular Holder that such Holder shall furnish to the Company, in writing, such information regarding itself, the Registerable Securities held by it and the intended method of disposition of the Registerable Securities held by it as shall be reasonably required to effect the registration of such Registerable Securities and shall execute such documents in connection with such registration as the Company may reasonably request. At least seven (7) days prior to the first anticipated filing date of the Resale Registration Statement, the Company shall notify each Holder of the information the Company requires from each such Holder. b. Each Holder, by such Holder's acceptance of the Registerable Securities, agrees to cooperate with the Company as reasonably requested by the Company in connection with the preparation and filing of the Resale Registration Statement hereunder, unless such Holder has notified the Company in writing of such Holder's election to exclude all of such Holder's Registerable Securities from the Resale Registration Statements. c. In the event Holders holding a majority-in-interest of the Registerable Securities determine to engage the services of an underwriter, each Holder agrees to enter into and perform such Holder's obligations under an underwriting agreement, in usual and customary form, including, without limitation, customary indemnification and contribution obligations, with the managing underwriter of such offering and take such other actions as are reasonably required in order to expedite or facilitate the disposition of the Registerable Securities, unless such Holder has notified the Company in writing of such Holder's election to exclude all of such Holder's Registerable Securities from the Resale Registration Statement. d. Each Holder agrees that, upon receipt of any notice from the Company of the happening of any event of the kind described in Section 3(e) or 3(f), such Holder will immediately discontinue disposition of Registerable Securities pursuant to the Resale Registration Statement until such Holder's receipt of the copies of the supplemented or amended prospectus contemplated by Section 3(e) or 3(f) and, if so directed by the Company, such Holder shall deliver to the Company (at the expense of the Company) or destroy (and deliver to the Company a certificate of destruction) all copies in such Holder's possession, of the prospectus covering such Registerable Securities current at the time of receipt of such notice. 5 5. EXPENSES OF REGISTRATION All reasonable expenses, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, incurred in connection with registrations, filings or qualifications pursuant to Sections 2 and 3, including, without limitation, all registration, listing and qualification fees, printers and accounting fees, the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company, and the reasonable fees and disbursements of one counsel selected by the Holders pursuant to Section 3(g) hereof shall be borne by the Company; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, the fees of counsel to the Holders shall not exceed $2,500. 6. INDEMNIFICATION In the event any Registerable Securities are included in the Resale Registration Statement under this Agreement: a. To the extent permitted by law, the Company will indemnify, hold harmless and defend (i) each Holder who holds such Registerable Securities, (ii) the directors, officers, partners, employees, agents and each person who controls any Holder within the meaning of the 1933 Act or the Exchange Act, if any, (iii) any underwriter (as defined in the 1933 Act) for the Holder, and (iv) the directors, officers, partners, employees and each person who controls any such underwriter within the meaning of the 1933 Act or the Exchange Act, if any (each, an "INDEMNIFIED PERSON"), against any joint or several losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses (collectively, together with actions, proceedings or inquiries by any regulatory or self-regulatory organization, whether commenced or threatened, in respect thereof, "CLAIMS") to which any of them may become subject insofar as such Claims arise out of or are based upon: (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact in the Resale Registration Statement or the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; (ii) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any preliminary prospectus if used prior to the effective date of the Resale Registration Statement, or contained in the final prospectus (as amended or supplemented, if the Company files any amendment thereof or supplement thereto with the SEC) or the omission or alleged omission to state therein any material fact necessary to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which the statements therein were made, not misleading; or (iii) any violation or alleged violation by the Company of the 1933 Act, the Exchange Act, any other law, including, without limitation, any state securities law, or any rule or regulation thereunder relating to the offer or sale of the Registerable Securities (the matters in the foregoing clauses (i) through (iii) being, collectively, "VIOLATIONS"). Subject to the restrictions set forth in Section 6(c) with respect to the number of legal counsel, the Company shall reimburse the Indemnified Person, promptly as such expenses are incurred and are due and payable, for any reasonable legal fees or other reasonable expenses incurred by them in connection with investigating or defending any such Claim. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the indemnification agreement contained in this Section 6(a): (i) shall not apply to a Claim arising out of or based upon a Violation which occurs in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by any Indemnified Person or underwriter for such Indemnified Person expressly for use in connection with the preparation of such Registration Statement or any such amendment thereof or supplement thereto, if such prospectus was timely made available by the Company pursuant to Section 3(c) hereof; (ii) shall not apply to amounts paid in settlement of any Claim if such settlement is effected without the prior written consent of the Company, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld; and (iii) with respect to any preliminary prospectus, shall not inure to the benefit of any Indemnified Person if the untrue statement or omission of material fact contained in the preliminary prospectus was corrected on a timely basis in the prospectus, as then amended or supplemented, such corrected prospectus was timely made available by the Company pursuant to Section 3(c) hereof, and the Indemnified Person was promptly advised in writing not to use the incorrect prospectus prior to the use giving rise to a Violation and such Indemnified Person, notwithstanding such advice, used it. Such indemnity shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Indemnified Person and shall survive the transfer of the Registerable Securities by the Holders pursuant to Section 9. 6 b. In connection with any Registration Statement in which a Holder is participating, each such Holder agrees severally and not jointly to indemnify, hold harmless and defend, to the same extent and in the same manner set forth in Section 6(a), the Company, each of its directors, each of its officers who signs the Resale Registration Statement, each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of the 1933 Act or the Exchange Act, any underwriter and any other stockholder selling securities pursuant to the Registration Statement or any of its directors or officers or any person who controls such stockholder or underwriter within the meaning of the 1933 Act or the Exchange Act (collectively and together with an Indemnified Person, an "INDEMNIFIED PARTY"), against any Claim to which any of them may become subject, under the 1933 Act, the Exchange Act or otherwise, insofar as such Claim arises out of or is based upon any Violation by such Holder, in each case to the extent (and only to the extent) that such Violation occurs in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by such Holder expressly for use in connection with such Registration Statement; and subject to Section 6(c) such Holder will reimburse any legal or other expenses (promptly as such expenses are incurred and are due and payable) reasonably incurred by them in connection with investigating or defending any such Claim; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the indemnity agreement contained in this Section 6(b) shall not apply to amounts paid in settlement of any Claim if such settlement is effected without the prior written consent of such Holder, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld; PROVIDED FURTHER, HOWEVER, that the Holder shall be liable under this Agreement (including this Section 6(b) and Section 7) for only that amount as does not exceed the net proceeds to such Holder as a result of the sale of Registerable Securities pursuant to the Resale Registration Statement. Such indemnity shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of such Indemnified Party and shall survive the transfer of the Registerable Securities by the Holder pursuant to Section 9. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the indemnification agreement contained in this Section 6(b) with respect to any preliminary prospectus shall not inure to the benefit of any Indemnified Party if the untrue statement or omission of material fact contained in the preliminary prospectus was corrected on a timely basis in the prospectus, as then amended or supplemented. c. Promptly after receipt by an Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party under this Section 6 of notice of the commencement of any action (including any governmental action), such Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party shall, if a Claim in respect thereof is to be made against any indemnifying party under this Section 6, deliver to the indemnifying party a written notice of the commencement thereof, and the indemnifying party shall have the right to participate in, and, to the extent the indemnifying party so desires, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly noticed, to assume control of the defense thereof with counsel mutually satisfactory to the indemnifying party and the Indemnified Person or the Indemnified Party, as the case may be; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that an Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party shall have the right to retain its own counsel with the fees and expenses to be paid by the indemnifying party, if, in the reasonable opinion of counsel retained by the indemnifying party, the representation by such counsel of the Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party and the indemnifying party would be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between such Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party and any other party represented by such counsel in such proceeding. The indemnifying party shall pay for only one separate legal counsel for the Indemnified Persons or the Indemnified Parties, as applicable, and such legal counsel shall be selected by Holders holding a majority-in-interest of the Registerable Securities included in the Resale Registration Statement to which the Claim relates (with the approval of a majority-in-interest of the Holders), if the Holders are entitled to indemnification hereunder, or the Company, if the Company is entitled to indemnification hereunder, as applicable. The failure to deliver written notice to the indemnifying party within a reasonable time of the commencement of any such action shall not relieve such indemnifying party of any liability to the Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party under this Section 6, except to the extent that the indemnifying party is actually prejudiced in its ability to defend such action. The indemnification required by this Section 6 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation or defense, as such expense, loss, damage or liability is incurred and is due and payable. 7 7. CONTRIBUTION To the extent any indemnification by an indemnifying party is prohibited or limited by law, the indemnifying party agrees to make the maximum contribution with respect to any amounts for which it would otherwise be liable under Section 6 to the fullest extent permitted by law; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that (i) no contribution shall be made under circumstances where the maker would not have been liable for indemnification under the fault standards set forth in Section 6, (ii) no seller of Registerable Securities guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the 1933 Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any seller of Registerable Securities who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation, and (iii) contribution (together with any indemnification or other obligations under this Agreement) by any seller of Registerable Securities shall be limited in amount to the net amount of proceeds received by such seller from the sale of such Registerable Securities. 8. REPORTS UNDER THE 1934 ACT With a view to making available to the Holders the benefits of Rule 144 promulgated under the 1933 Act or any other similar rule or regulation of the SEC that may at any time permit the Holders to sell securities of the Company to the public without registration ("RULE 144") once it is subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the Company agrees to: a. make and keep public information available, as those terms are understood and defined in Rule 144; b. file with the SEC in a timely manner all reports and other documents required of the Company under the 1933 Act and the Exchange Act so long as the Company remains subject to such requirements and the filing of such reports and other documents is required for the applicable provisions of Rule 144; and c. furnish to each Holder so long as such Holder owns Registerable Securities, promptly upon request, (i) a written statement by the Company that it has complied with the reporting requirements of Rule 144, the 1933 Act and the Exchange Act, (ii) a copy of the most recent annual or quarterly report of the Company, and (iii) such other information as may be reasonably requested to permit such Holder to sell such securities pursuant to Rule 144 without registration. 9. ASSIGNMENT OF REGISTRATION RIGHTS The rights under this Agreement shall be automatically assignable by a Holder to any transferee of all or any portion of Registerable Securities if: (i) the Holder agrees in writing with the transferee or assignee to assign such rights, and a copy of such agreement is furnished to the Company within a reasonable time after such assignment, (ii) the Company is, within a reasonable time after such transfer or assignment, furnished with written notice of (a) the name and address of such transferee or assignee, and (b) the securities with respect to which such registration rights are being transferred or assigned, (iii) following such transfer or assignment, the further disposition of such securities by the transferee or assignee is restricted under the 1933 Act and applicable state securities laws, (iv) at or before the time the Company receives the written notice contemplated by clause (ii) of this sentence, the transferee or assignee agrees in writing with the Company to be bound by all of the provisions contained herein, (v) such transfer shall have been made in accordance with the applicable requirements of the Subscription Agreement and (vi) such transferee shall be an "accredited investor" as that term defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D promulgated under the 1933 Act. 10. AMENDMENT OF REGISTRATION RIGHTS Provisions of this Agreement may be amended and the observance thereof may be waived (either generally or in a particular instance and either retroactively or prospectively), only with written consent of 8 the Company and Holders who hold a majority interest of the Registerable Securities. Any amendment or waiver effected in accordance with this Section 10 shall be binding upon each Holder and the Company. 11. MISCELLANEOUS a. A person or entity is deemed to be a holder of Registerable Securities whenever such person or entity owns of record such Registerable Securities. If the Company receives conflicting instructions, notices or elections from two or more persons or entities with respect to the same Registerable Securities, the Company shall act upon the basis of instructions, notice or election received from the registered owner of such Registerable Securities. b. Any notices required or permitted to be given under the terms hereof shall be sent by certified or registered mail (return receipt requested) or delivered personally or by courier (including a recognized overnight delivery service) or by facsimile and shall be effective five days after being placed in the mail, if mailed by regular United States mail, or upon receipt, if delivered personally or by courier (including a recognized overnight delivery service) or by facsimile, in each case addressed to a party. The addresses for such communications shall be: (i) If to the Company: Vaughan Foods, Inc. 216 Northeast 12th Street Moore, Oklahoma 73160 Attention: Chief Financial Officer Facsimile: 405-895-6596 With copy to: Morse, Zelnick, Rose & Lander LLP 405 Park Avenue New York, New York 10022 Attention: Stephen A. Zelnick, Esq. Facsimile: (212) 838-9190 (ii) If to any Holder: to the address set forth immediately below such Holder's name on the signature pages to the Subscription Agreement. c. Failure of any party to exercise any right or remedy under this Agreement or otherwise, or delay by a party in exercising such right or remedy, shall not operate as a waiver thereof. d. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE ENFORCED, GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF OKLAHOMA APPLICABLE TO AGREEMENTS MADE AND TO BE PERFORMED ENTIRELY WITHIN SUCH STATE, WITHOUT REGARD TO THE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICT OF LAWS. THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY SUBMIT TO THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL COURTS LOCATED IN MOORE, OKLAHOMA WITH RESPECT TO ANY DISPUTE ARISING UNDER THIS AGREEMENT, THE AGREEMENTS ENTERED INTO IN CONNECTION HEREWITH OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY. BOTH PARTIES IRREVOCABLY WAIVE THE DEFENSE OF AN INCONVENIENT FORUM TO THE MAINTENANCE OF SUCH SUIT OR PROCEEDING. BOTH PARTIES FURTHER AGREE THAT SERVICE OF PROCESS UPON A PARTY MAILED BY FIRST CLASS MAIL SHALL BE DEEMED IN EVERY RESPECT EFFECTIVE SERVICE OF PROCESS UPON THE PARTY IN ANY SUCH SUIT OR PROCEEDING. NOTHING HEREIN SHALL AFFECT EITHER PARTY'S RIGHT TO SERVE PROCESS IN ANY OTHER MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW. BOTH PARTIES AGREE THAT A FINAL NON-APPEALABLE JUDGMENT IN ANY SUCH SUIT OR PROCEEDING SHALL BE CONCLUSIVE AND MAY BE 9 ENFORCED IN OTHER JURISDICTIONS BY SUIT ON SUCH JUDGMENT OR IN ANY OTHER LAWFUL MANNER. THE PARTY WHICH DOES NOT PREVAIL IN ANY DISPUTE ARISING UNDER THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ALL FEES AND EXPENSES, INCLUDING ATTORNEYS' FEES, INCURRED BY THE PREVAILING PARTY IN CONNECTION WITH SUCH DISPUTE. e. In the event that any provision of this Agreement is invalid or unenforceable under any applicable statute or rule of law, then such provision shall be deemed inoperative to the extent that it may conflict therewith and shall be deemed modified to conform with such statute or rule of law. Any provision hereof which may prove invalid or unenforceable under any law shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision hereof. f. This Agreement, the Subscription Agreement (including all schedules and exhibits thereto), the Notes and all other documents relating to this transaction (collectively, the "TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS") constitute the entire agreement among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof. There are no restrictions, promises, warranties or undertakings, other than those set forth or referred to herein and therein. The Transaction Documents supersede all prior agreements and understandings among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof. g. Subject to the requirements of Section 9 hereof, this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and assigns. h. The headings in this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and shall not form part of, or affect the interpretation of, this Agreement. i. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original but all of which shall constitute one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party. This Agreement, once executed by a party, may be delivered to the other party hereto by facsimile transmission of a copy of this Agreement bearing the signature of the party so delivering this Agreement. j. Each party shall do and perform, or cause to be done and performed, all such further acts and things, and shall execute and deliver all such other agreements, certificates, instruments and documents, as the other party may reasonably request in order to carry out the intent and accomplish the purposes of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. k. Except as otherwise provided herein, all consents and other determinations to be made by the Holders pursuant to this Agreement shall be made by Holders holding a majority of the Registerable Securities, determined as if all Derivitive Securities then outstanding have been converted into shares of Common Stock. l. The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to each Holder by vitiating the intent and purpose of the transactions contemplated hereby. Accordingly, the Company acknowledges that the remedy at law for breach of its obligations under this Agreement will be inadequate and agrees, in the event of a breach or threatened breach by the Company of any of the provisions under this Agreement, that each Holder shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies in law or in equity, and in addition to the penalties assessable herein, to an injunction or injunctions restraining, preventing or curing any breach of this Agreement and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required. m. The language used in this Agreement will be deemed to be the language chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no rules of strict construction will be applied against any party. 10 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company and the undersigned Holders have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first above written. VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. /s/ Mark E. Vaughan ------------------- Chief Executive Officer HOLDER -------------------------------------- By: Title: -------------------------------------- By: Title: 11 EX-10.6 21 c44364_ex10-6.txt EXHIBIT 10.6 LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT Loan No. 3700692971 THIS LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT ("Agreement) is dated as of June 29, 2005, by and between VAUGHAN FOODS, INC., an Oklahoma corporation ("Borrower"), and COMMERCIAL FEDERAL BANK, A FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK ("Bank"). R E C I T A L S: BACKGROUND. Borrower has requested that Bank lend to Borrower up to Four Million Dollars ($4,000,000.00) ("Loan"), on a revolving credit line basis, and Bank is willing to do so upon the terms and conditions set forth herein and in other documents and instruments executed on an even date herewith. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the promises herein contained, and each intending to be legally bound thereby, the parties agree as follows: SECTION I DEFINITIONS AND USED HEREIN 1. "Accounts," "Chattel Paper," "Commercial Tort Claims," "Contracts," Contract Rights," "Documents," "Equipment," "Fixtures," "Furniture," "General Intangibles," "Goods," "Instruments," "Intellectual Property," "Inventory," and "Letter-of-Credit Rights," shall have the same meanings as are given to those terms in the Uniform Commercial Code as presently adopted and in effect in the State of Oklahoma or as otherwise defined by applicable law. The term "Instruments" shall also include all forms of chattel paper, including chattel paper involving related software as well as electronic chattel paper and tangible chattel paper. 2. Accounting terms used and not otherwise defined in this Agreement have the meanings determined by, and all calculations with respect to accounting or financial matters unless otherwise provided herein shall be computed in accordance with GAAP. 3. "Affiliate" means as to any Person, each other Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or under common control with, such Person. 4. "Agreement" means this Agreement, as the same may from time to time be amended or supplemented. -1- 5. "Borrowing Base" means, at any time, the amount computed as total Borrowing Base on the Borrowing Base Certificate most recently delivered to, and accepted by Bank, in accordance with this Agreement, and equal to the lesser of: a. Four Million Dollars ($4,000,000.00); or b. Eighty percent (80.00%) of Eligible Accounts of Borrower, plus fifty percent (50.00%) of the Inventory of Borrower at cost, not including materials used or consumed in Borrower's business and except that advances on Inventory shall not exceed Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($500,000.00). In addition, Bank may in its sole discretion at any time reduce the amount that may be advanced on Eligible Accounts to seventy-five percent (75.00%) of Eligible Accounts if at any time the aggregate losses incurred by Borrower due to unpaid Accounts (realized by Borrower utilizing GAAP accounting principles) for the then most current consecutive four (4) business quarters exceed one percent (1.00%) of gross revenues of Borrower for the same period, and shall remain at such limit of l75.00% of Eligible Accounts until the level of losses for a four (4) consecutive business quarter period drops below one percent (1.00%). 6. "Borrowing Base Certificate" means a fully completed certificate in the form of Exhibit I(6) to this Agreement certified by the President or Chief Financial Officer or Borrower to be correct and delivered to, and accepted by, Bank. 7. "Business Day" means other than a Saturday, a Sunday, or a day on which commercial banks in Oklahoma are authorized to close. 8. "Closing" has the meaning given to such term in Section III. 9. "Collateral" has the meaning given to such term in Section IV. 10. Collateral Documents" means the Note, financing statements, security agreement, guaranty agreements, and other documents and instruments required by Bank as set forth herein. 11. "Eligible Account" means, at any time, an Account that conforms and continues to conform to the following conditions: a. The Account arose from a bona fide outright sale of Goods by Borrower or from services performed by Borrower, and such Goods have been shipped to the appropriate account debtors or their designees (or the sale has otherwise been consummated), or the services have been performed for the appropriate account debtors; b. The Account is based upon an enforceable order or contract, written or oral, for Goods shipped or held, or for services performed, and the same were shipped or held, or performed in accordance with such order or contract; -2- c. The title of Borrower to the Account and except as to the Account debtor, to any Goods, is absolute and is not subject to any prior assignment, claim, lien, or security interests, except Permitted Liens; d. The amount shown on the books of Borrower and on any invoice or statement delivered to Bank is owing to Borrower, less any partial payment that has been made thereon by anyone; e. The Account shall be eligible only to the extent that it is not subject to any claim or reduction, counterclaim, setoff, recoupment, or any claim or credits, allowances, or adjustments by the Account debtor because of returned, inferior, or damaged Goods or unsatisfactory services, or for any other reason; f. The Account debtor has not returned or otherwise notified Borrower of any dispute concerning, or claimed nonconformity of any of the Goods or services from the sale of which the Account arose; g. The Account is due and payable not more than thirty (30) days from the statement date, and the statement must be dated contemporaneously with the shipment of goods sold or services performed. h. The Account or any portion thereof is not more than sixty (60) days due from the date of the invoice thereof; i. If more than ten percent (10%) of the amount of all invoices to a particular Account debtor are ineligible, than all invoices to such Account debtor shall become ineligible for borrowing purposes; j. Borrower has not received any note, trade acceptance, draft, or other Instrument with respect to, or in payment of the Account, nor any Chattel Paper with respect to the Goods giving rise to the Account, unless, if any such Instrument or Chattel Paper has been received, Borrower immediately notified Bank and, at the latter's request, endorses or assigns and delivers the same to Bank and Bank agrees to accept an endorsement or assignment of the same; k. Borrower has not received any notice of the filing of a petition in bankruptcy or insolvency laws by or against the Account debtor. Upon the receipt by Borrower of any such notice, it will immediately give Bank written advice thereof; l. The Account debtor is not a subsidiary or other Affiliate of Borrower; m. The Account is not subject to a bond or other surety made or issued by any third party; -3- n. The Account is not due from the United States government or any agency thereof or related entity thereto: o. The Account is not owed by any foreign government or foreign (non-U.S.) originated business entity, unless the Account is fully secured by a letter of credit acceptable in all respects to Bank and issued by a creditworthy United States based financial institution acceptable to Bank; p. The Account is not with an Account debtor (which for purposes hereof includes all Affiliates of the Account debtor) that generates more than thirty-five percent (35.00%) of the total annual sales revenues of Borrower, unless Bank is fully advised as to the circumstances and agrees in writing to waive this condition, which waiver may be given or withheld by Bank in its sole discretion; and q. Bank has not deemed such Account ineligible because of uncertainty about the creditworthiness of the Account debtor or because Bank otherwise reasonably considers the Collateral value thereof to Bank to be impaired or its ability to realize such value to be insecure. In addition to the foregoing, Eligible Account shall mean any amount receivable by Borrower under any insurance policy covering Goods which have, within the preceding forty-five (45) days, been damaged or destroyed by fire or other direct casualty loss, provided that a claim thereof has been made in compliance with such insurance policy, to the extent that such claim has not been in any way denied or contested by the insurer and provided that such insurer, if such insurer were an Account debtor of Borrower, would be a qualified Account debtor under this paragraph. In the event of any dispute, under the foregoing criteria, about whether an Account is or has ceased to be an Eligible Account, the decision of Bank shall control. 12. "Event of Default" has the meaning provided for in Section VII. 13. "Financial Statements" means the balance sheet of Borrower and statements of income and expenses, stockholders' equity, and statements of cash flow, and notes thereto, of Borrower for the years or, as appropriate, month or quarter end as prepared, audited and/or reviewed by independent certified public accountants or recognized standing to present fairly the consolidated financial position and results of operations of Borrower at such dates and for such periods in accordance with GAAP. 14. "GAAP" means generally accepted accounting principles applied consistently with such changes or modifications hereto as may be approved in writing by Bank. 15. "Indebtedness" means, as to Borrower, all items of indebtedness, obligation, or liability, whether matured or unmatured, liquidated or unliquidated, direct or contingent, joint or several. -4- 16. "Intellectual Property" means all of Borrower's now owned or subsequently acquired or developed designs, patents, patent rights (and applications therefor), trademarks and registrations (and applications therefor), trade names, inventions, copyrights, software and computer programs, license rights, trade secrets, methods, processes, know-how, drawings, specifications, descriptions, and all memoranda, notes, and records with respect to any research and development, whether now owned or subsequently acquired or developed by Borrower and whether in tangible or intangible form. 17. "Laws" means all ordinances, statutes, rules, regulations, orders, injunctions, writs, or decrees of any government or political subdivision or agency thereof, or of any court or similar entity established by any thereof. 18. "Loan Termination Date" means the earliest to occur of the following: (i) as to the Revolving Loan--June 28, 2006; (ii) the date the Obligations are accelerated pursuant to this Agreement; and (iii) the date Bank receives (a) notice in writing from Borrower of Borrower's election to terminate this Agreement; and (b) indefeasible payment in full of the Obligations, or such other date or dates as may later be agreed to by Bank and Borrower in a written amendment to this Agreement. 19. "Note" means the promissory note referred to in Section II. 20. "Obligations" means the obligation of Borrower. a. To pay the principal of, and interest on the promissory note in accordance with the terms thereof and to satisfy all of its other liabilities to Bank, whether hereunder or otherwise, whether now existing or hereafter incurred, matured or unmatured, direct or contingent, joint or several, including any extensions, modifications, renewals thereof, and substitutions therefor and including but not limited to, any obligations under letter of credit agreements; b. To repay to Bank all amounts advanced by Bank hereunder or otherwise on behalf of Borrower, including, but without limitation, advances for principal or interest payments to prior secured parties, mortgages, or licensors, or taxes, levies, insurance, rent, or repairs to, or maintenance or storage of, any of the collateral; and c. To reimburse Bank, on demand, for all of Bank's expenses and costs, including the reasonable fees and expenses of its counsel, in connection with the preparation, administration, amendment, modification, or enforcement of this Agreement and the documents required hereunder, including, without limitation, any proceeding brought or threatened, to enforce payment of any of the Obligations referred to in the foregoing subparagraphs (a) and (b). -5- 21. "Permitted Liens" means: a. Liens for taxes, assessments, or similar charges, incurred in the ordinary course of business that are not yet delinquent; b. Pledges or deposits made in the ordinary course of business to secure payment of workers' compensation, or to participate in any fund in connection with workers' compensation, unemployment insurance, old-age pensions or other social security programs; c. Liens of mechanics, materialmen, warehousemen, carriers, or other like liens, securing obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business that are not yet due and payable; and d. Liens in favor of Bank. 22. "Person" means any individual, corporation, partnership, association, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, joint venture, court, or government or political subdivision or agency thereof. 23. "Records" means correspondence, memoranda, tapes, discs, papers, books and other documents, or transcribed information of any type, whether expressed in ordinary or machine readable language. SECTION II THE LOAN 1. REVOLVING LOAN. Bank agrees to lend up to Four Million Dollars ($4,000,000.00) to Borrower pursuant to this facility. Bank will credit proceeds of this revolving loan from time to time ("Revolving Loan") to "Borrower's deposit account with Bank. a. Subject to the terms hereof, Bank will lend to Borrower, from time to time until the Revolving Loan Termination Date, such sums in integral multiples of One thousand Dollars ($1,000.00) as Borrower may request by reasonable same day notice to Bank, received by Bank not later than 11:00 A.M. of such day, but which shall not exceed in the aggregate principal amount at any one time outstanding, the lesser of Four Million Dollars ($4,000,000.00) ("Loan Commitment") or the Borrowing Base amount. Borrower may borrow, repay without penalty or premium, and re-borrow hereunder, from the date of this Agreement until the Loan Termination Date, up to the full amount of the Loan Commitment, subject to the limitation of the Borrowing Base, or any lesser sum which is One Thousand Dollars ($1,000.00) or an integral multiple thereof. It is the intention of the parties that the outstanding principal amount of the Revolving Loan shall at no time exceed the amount of the then existing Borrowing Base and if, at any time, an excess shall for any reason exist, the full amount of such excess, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon as herein provided, shall be immediately due and payable in full to Bank. -6- b. The Loan Commitment shall be evidenced by a Note having a stated maturity on the Revolving Loan Termination Date. The Note shall specify the manner of principal and interest payments and rate of interest accrual. 4. PAYMENT TO BANK AND COLLECTIONS. a. AMOUNTS PAYABLE TO BANK. All sums payable to Bank hereunder shall be paid directly to Bank in immediately available funds. Bank shall provide Borrower statements of all amounts due hereunder, which statements shall be considered correct and conclusively binding on Borrower unless Borrower notifies Bank to the contrary within thirty (30) days of its receipt of any statement that it deems to be incorrect. Alternatively, at its sole discretion, Bank may charge against any deposit account of Borrower all or any portion of any amount due hereunder. b. COLLECTION OF ACCOUNTS. i. Borrower will take usual and customary steps to collect Accounts in full, and will take such other action with respect to the collection of Accounts and of the proceeds thereof as Bank may reasonably request. ii. Bank shall have at any time or times hereafter all the rights of a secured creditor holding a valid, and indefeasibly perfected security interest in accounts pursuant to the Oklahoma Uniform Commercial Code, as well as the rights conferred by the Collateral Documents. iii. Borrower hereby authorizes Bank to endorse, in the name of Borrower, any item, howsoever received by Bank representing payment on or other proceeds of any Collateral or on any of the Accounts. iv. For purposes of determining the amount of the Obligations, including, without limitation, the computations of interest which may from time to time be owing by Borrower to Bank, the receipt of any check or other item of payment on any Account or otherwise with respect to any of the Collateral by Bank shall not be treated as a payment on account of the liabilities until such check or other item of payment is actually paid in cash or cash equivalent. SECTION III CONDITIONS PRECEDENT The obligations of Bank to make the Revolving Loan are subject to the following conditions precedent: -7- 1. DOCUMENTS REQUIRED FOR CLOSING. Borrower shall have delivered to Bank, prior to the initial disbursement of the funds ("Closing"), the following: a. The Collateral Documents and the financing statements, duly executed by Borrower. b. Corporate resolutions of authority and incumbency, as Bank may require. c. A duly executed Borrowing Base Certificate acceptable to Bank and certifying a Borrowing Base of not less than the initial principal amount requested by Borrower to be advanced by Bank. d. Financial statements of Borrower, prepared according to GAAP, showing no material adverse change in the financial condition of Borrower. e. Hazard, fire and extended coverage insurance policies on all Collateral, with Bank named as loss payee and in amounts acceptable to Bank in its sole discretion. Hazard insurance shall include coverage related to fire, windstorm, lightning, hail, explosion, riot, civil commotion, aircraft, vehicle, marine, smoke, and property damage. f. Evidence of payment of all costs and expenses incurred by Bank in connection with the Loan, including, but not limited to, all attorneys' fees, environmental investigation and/or audit fees, appraisal fees, inspection fee, and filing fees. g. Evidence of worker's compensation coverage in amounts and types as required by the laws of the State of Oklahoma. h. A fully executed lockbox control agreement, in form and content acceptable to Bank in all respects. i. A detailed listing, certified by Borrower as true and correct in all material respects, of all Account debtors, including current addresses, showing the status of the Account and amount owed, which list shall include all Accounts, whether or not the same are also Eligible Accounts. 2. CERTAIN EVENTS. At the time of, and as a condition to Closing and each disbursement of any part of the Revolving Loan to be made by Bank at or subsequent to Closing: a. No Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, and no event shall have occurred and be continuing that, with the giving of notice or passage of time or both, would be an Event of Default; b. No material adverse change shall have occurred in the business prospects, financial condition, or results of operations of Borrower since the dates of any financial statements provided by Borrower at any time; and -8- c. All of the Collateral Documents shall be in full force and effect. SECTION IV COLLATERAL SECURITY 1. COMPOSITION OF THE COLLATERAL. The property in which a security interest is granted pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement is herein collectively called "Collateral." The term "Collateral" shall mean all Accounts, Inventory, General Intangibles, Chattel Paper, Commercial Tort Claims, Contracts, Contract Rights, Documents, Furniture, Equipment, Fixtures, Goods, Instruments, Intellectual Property, rights as seller of goods, rights to returned or repossessed goods, Letter of Credit Rights and all other assets and rights of any nature or type owned by Borrower or as to which Borrower may exercise control or rights. The Collateral, together with all other property of Borrower of any kind held by Bank, shall stand as one general, continuing collateral security for all Obligations and may be retained by Bank until all Obligations have been satisfied in full. This security interest and Agreement are intended by the parties to include all Obligations of Borrower to Bank which have arisen in the past or which arise in the future, regardless of form or purpose, including, without limitation, loans for consumer, agricultural or business purposes; Obligations which are primary or secondary, absolute or contingent, sole or joint; and credit evidence by promissory notes, open accounts, overdrafts or letters of credit. 2. RIGHTS IN PROPERTY HELD BY BANK. As security for the prompt satisfaction of all Obligations Borrower hereby assigns, transfers, and sets over to Bank all of its right, title, and interest in and to, and grants Bank a lien on and a security interest in, all amounts that may be owing, from time to time, by Bank to Borrower in any capacity, including, but without limitation, any balance or share belonging to Borrower in any capacity, including, but without limitation, any balance or share belonging to Borrower, or any deposit or other account with Bank, which lien and security interest shall be independent of, and in addition to, any right of setoff that Bank has under applicable Laws or otherwise. 3. RIGHTS IN PROPERTY HELD EITHER BY BORROWER OR BY BANK. As further security for the prompt satisfaction of all Obligations, Borrower hereby assigns to Bank all of its right, title, and interest in and to, and grants Bank a lien upon and a security interest in, all Collateral, wherever located, whether owned or hereafter acquired, together with all replacements therefor and proceeds (including without limitation, insurance proceeds) and products thereof. 4. PRIORITY OF LIENS. The foregoing liens shall be first and prior liens except for Permitted Liens to Persons other than Bank. 5. FINANCING STATEMENTS. a. Borrower: i. Authorized Bank to file such Uniform Commercial Code Financing Statements (which, together with amendments thereto and continuation statements -9- thereof are called "Financing Statements") in form satisfactory to Bank as Bank, from time to time, may determine; ii. Shall pay, or reimburse Bank for paying, all costs and taxes of filing or recording the same in such public offices as Bank may designate; and iii. Shall take such other steps as Bank, from time to time, may direct, including the noting of Bank's lien on the Collateral and on any certificates of title therefor, all to perfect to the satisfaction of Bank, Bank's interest in the Collateral. b. In addition to the foregoing, and not in limitation thereof; i. A carbon, photographic, or other reproduction of this Agreement shall be sufficient as a financing statement and may be filed in any appropriate office in lieu thereof; and ii. To the extent lawful, Borrower hereby appoints Bank as its attorney-in-fact (without requiring Bank to act as such) to prepare and file any financing statement in the name of Borrower, and to perform all other acts that Bank deems appropriate to perfect and continue its security interest in, and to protect and preserve, the Collateral. SECTION V REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES 1. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES BY BORROWER. To induce Bank to enter into this Agreement, Borrower represents and warrants to Bank as follows: a. Borrower is a corporation, duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing under the Laws of the State of Oklahoma; Borrower has no subsidiaries; Borrower has the lawful power to own its properties and to engage in the businesses it conducts and is duly qualified and in good standing as a foreign company in the jurisdictions wherein the nature of the business transacted by it or property owned by it make such qualification necessary; the states in which Borrower is qualified to do business are disclosed to Bank in writing; the addresses of all places of business of Borrower are disclosed to Bank in writing; and Borrower has not changed its name, been the surviving company in a merger, acquired any business, or changed its principal executive office within five (5) years and one (1) month prior to the date hereof, nor acquired any assets from a transferor which remain subject to a security interest granted by such transferor within one (1) year prior to the date hereof, nor moved any Collateral to its present location from another state where it was subject to a security interest granted to another entity; -10- b. Borrower is not directly or indirectly controlled by, or acting on behalf of, any Person which is an "Investment Company" within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended; c. Borrower is the sole and exclusive owner of all of the Collateral and no Affiliate or any other Person has any right, claim or interest in any of the Collateral; d. Borrower is not in default with respect to any of its debt to anyone, and the making and performance of this Agreement and the Collateral Documents will not (immediately or with the passage of time, the giving of notice, or both): i. Violate the organizational documents and agreements of Borrower, or violate any laws or result in a default under any contract, agreement, or instrument to which Borrower is a party or by which Borrower or its property is bound; or ii. Result in the creation or imposition of any security interest in, or lien or encumbrance upon, any of the assets of Borrower except in favor of Bank; e. Borrower has the power and authority to enter into and perform this Agreement, the Note, and the Collateral Documents, and to incur the obligations herein and therein provided for, and has taken all actions necessary to authorize the execution, delivery, and performance of this Agreement, the Note, and the Collateral Documents; f. This Agreement, the Note, and the Collateral Documents are, or when delivered will be, valid, binding, and enforceable in accordance with their respective terms; g. There is no pending order, notice, claim, litigation, or proceeding against or affecting Borrower, whether or not covered by insurance, that would materially or adversely affect the financial condition or business prospects of Borrower if adversely determined; h. Borrower has good and marketable title to all of its assets, none of which is subject to any security interest, encumbrance or lien, or claim of any third Person except for Permitted Liens; i. The Financial Statements of Borrower that Borrower has previously provided to Bank, including any schedules and notes pertaining thereto, have, to the best knowledge of Borrower, been prepared in accordance with GAAP, and to the best knowledge of Borrower, fully and fairly present the financial condition of Borrower at the dates thereof and the results of operations for the periods covered thereby, and to the best knowledge of Borrower, there have been no material adverse changes in the consolidated financial condition or business of Borrower from the date of such statements to the date hereof; -11- j. As of the date hereof Borrower has no material Indebtedness of any nature, including but without limitation, liabilities for taxes and any interest or penalties relating thereto except to the extent reflected (in a footnote or otherwise) in the financial statements previously provided to Bank or as disclosed in, or permitted by this Agreement; and Borrower does not know or have reasonable ground to know of any basis for the assertion against it of any such Indebtedness as of the date of Closing; k. Except as otherwise permitted herein, Borrower has filed all federal, state, and local tax returns and other reports required by an applicable Laws to have been filed prior to the date hereof, has paid or caused to be paid all taxes, assessments, and other governmental charges that are due and payable prior to the date hereof, and has made adequate provisions for the payment of such taxes, assessments, or other charges accruing but not yet payable; Borrower has no knowledge of any deficiency or additional assessment in a materially important amount in connection with any taxes, assessments, or charges not provided for on its books; l. Except to the extent that the failure to comply would not materially interfere with the conduct of the business of Borrower, Borrower has complied with all applicable Laws with respect to (i) any restrictions, specifications, or other requirements pertaining to products that it manufactures or sells or to the services it performs; (ii) the conduct of its business; and (iii) the use, maintenance, and operation of the real and personal properties owned or leased by it in the conduct of its business; m. No representation or warranty by or with respect to Borrower contained herein or in any certificate or other document furnished by Borrower pursuant hereto contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make such representation or warranty not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was made; n. Each consent, approval or authorization of, or filing, registration or qualification with, any Person required to be obtained or effected by Borrower in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Note, and the Collateral Documents or the undertaking or performance of any obligation hereunder or thereunder has been duly obtained or effected; o. Except as disclosed to Bank in writing (1) Borrower has no material leases, contracts, or commitments of any kind (including, without limitation, employment agreements, collective bargaining agreements, powers of attorney, distribution arrangements, patent license agreements, contracts for future purchase or delivery of goods or rendering of services, bonuses, pension, and retirement plans accrued vacation pay, insurance and welfare agreements); (2) to the best of the Borrower's knowledge, all parties to all such material leases, contracts and other commitments to which Borrower is a party have complied with the provisions of such leases, contracts, and other commitments; and (3) to the best of Borrower's knowledge, no party is in default under -12- any provisions thereof and no event has occurred which, but for the giving of notice or the passage of time, or both, would constitute a default; p. Borrower has not made any agreement or taken any action which may cause anyone to become entitled to a commission or finder's fee as a result of or in connection with the making of this Agreement; q. Any Employee Pension Benefit Plans as defined in the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"), of Borrower meet, as of the date hereof, the minimum funding standards of 29 U.S.C. ss. 1082 (Section 302 of ERISA), and no Reportable Event or Prohibited Transaction as defined in ERISA, has occurred with respect to any Employee Benefit Plans, as defined in ERISA, of Borrower; r. The liens and security interests created pursuant to this Agreement, including any separate real estate liens granted in connection herewith, are in all cases first and prior liens except for Permitted Liens; s. Borrower warrants (and this shall be a continuing warranty which shall survive until all of the Obligations of Borrower to Bank have been fully satisfied) that it is in compliance with all federal, state, and local environmental laws and regulations and has obtained all environmental permits necessary or appropriate to the conduct of its business. There is not pending or, to the best of Borrower's knowledge after due inquiry, are there any threatened environmental enforcement actions, suits, or proceedings before any court, tribunal, or administrative body or official. Responsible officers and agents of Borrower have made an extensive investigation and have determined that Borrower has not, nor has any former owner of any real property occupied by Borrower, stored, used or disposed of any toxic or hazardous substance on its properties or transported any such substance to or from its properties in violation of any presently existing or previously existing laws, regulations or policies. Borrower will not store, use, or dispose of such substances on its properties, except in accordance with applicable laws. t. Borrower is not a party to any stock repurchase or redemption agreement, or any similar type of agreement concerning potential transfer of shares of stock in Borrower; u. Borrower shall permit Bank to conduct such inspection of the Collateral as and when Bank shall require. 2. SURVIVAL. All of the representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement shall survive until all Obligations are satisfied in full and there remain no outstanding commitments hereunder. -13- SECTION VI COVENANTS OF BORROWER 1. AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS. Borrower does hereby covenant and agree with Bank that, so long as any portion of the Obligations remain unsatisfied or any commitments hereunder remain outstanding, it will comply at all times with the following covenants: a. Borrower will furnish to Bank: i. Within forty-five (45) days after the close of each quarterly accounting period in each fiscal year, commencing with the quarter ending June 30, 2005, an accountant prepared compiled financial statement that includes an income statement and balance sheet of Borrower for such quarter in reasonable detail as required by Bank, subject to normal year end audit adjustments and certified by Borrower's President or Chief Financial Officer to have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and being true and correct in all material respects. ii. Within thirty (30) days after the close of each month (and at any additional time in the discretion of Bank or if any material deterioration in the Borrowing Base would be disclosed thereby) a Borrowing Base Certificate as of the end of such month. Each Borrowing Base Certificate shall be effective only as accepted by Bank (and with such revisions, if any, as Bank may require as a condition to such acceptance), and shall be accompanied by such detailed Account and Inventory information as Bank shall require. iii. Within one hundred twenty (120) days after the close of each fiscal year, year end financial statements including, income statements, balance sheets, and statement of cash flow of Borrower for such fiscal year. These financial statements shall be audited by independent certified public accountants of recognized standing to present fairly the consolidated financial position and results of operations of Borrower in accordance with GAAP; and accompanied by such accountants' opinion thereof that such documents have been reviewed in compliance with the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Statements of Auditing Standards in effect as of the execution hereof; such accountants' opinion and certification shall be directed to Bank, providing that the client representation of the accountants extends to Bank and shall also be certified by Borrower's President or Chief Financial Officer as being true and correct in all material respects. iv. Within forty-five (45) days after the close of each quarter, commencing with the quarter ending June 30, 2005, (a) a trial balance reflecting an aging of all accounts payable of Borrower, and (b) a list containing the names and current addresses of all Account debtors (i.e. customers owing payment to Borrower, whether or not the Accounts are Eligible Accounts). v. Annual federal tax returns, with all schedules, within thirty (30) days after submission of the same to the Internal Revenue Service. -14- iv. within forty-five (45) days after the close of each quarter, commencing with the quarter ending June 30, 2005, a written certification to Bank by Borrower's President that Borrower is in strict compliance with the requirements of all city, county, state and federal laws and regulations applicable to Borrower, including, but not limited to, worker's compensation and occupational safety. vii. Inventory reports in such detail and when required by Bank from time to time in Bank's discretion. viii. A detailed report of any failure of Borrower to comply with any audit standards of any state or federal government or agency, including, but not limited to, the United States Food and Drug Administration or the United States Department of Agriculture. ix. Commencing March 31, 2006, and annually thereafter, a written certification by Borrower's President that Borrower is in compliance with all covenants and obligations of Borrower to the Cleveland County Bond Authority (or similar agency). x. Within ninety (90) days after the end of each calendar year, updated and signed personal financial statements of each guarantor of the obligations of the Note, certified as true and correct in all material respects by each respective guarantor, and each guarantor's annual federal tax returns, with all schedules, within thirty (30) days after submission to the Internal Revenue Service. xi. Such other interim financial statements, projections and other information as Bank may reasonably request from time to time. b. Borrower will maintain a Borrowing Base such that the amount of Borrower's outstanding Revolving Loan will not, at any time, exceed the lesser of its Borrowing Base or the maximum amount of the Revolving Loan. c. Borrower will maintain a debt service coverage ratio of 1.50 to 1.00 or better, tested and measured quarterly, beginning with the quarter ended as of March 31, 2006, with such ratio defined by Bank in accordance with GAAP. d. Borrowing will maintain a Long Term Debt to Net Worth Ratio, as defined in accordance with GAAP and computed as of the end of each calendar quarter, which shall not be greater than 4.00 to 1.00 for any quarter, commencing with the quarter ended as of March 31, 2006. -15- e. Borrower shall maintain a minimum Current Ratio, as defined in accordance with GAAP, and computed quarterly, commencing with the quarter ended March 31, 2006, of at least 1.10 to 1.00. f. Borrower will take all necessary steps to preserve its company existence and business relationships and to comply with all present and future laws applicable to it in the operation of its business and all material agreements to which it is subject. g. Borrower will give immediate notice to Bank of (i) any litigation or proceeding in which it is a party if an adverse decision therein would require it to pay more than Twenty-Five Thousand Dollars ($25,000.00) or deliver assets the value of which exceeds such sum (whether or not the claim is considered to be covered by insurance); and (ii) the institution of any other suit or proceeding involving it that might materially and adversely affect its operations, financial condition, property, or business prospects. h. Borrower will pay when due all of its Indebtedness due third persons except when the amount thereof is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and with adequate reserves therefor being set aside on its books. i. Borrower will notify Bank immediately if (i) it becomes aware of the occurrence of any Event of Default or of any fact, condition, or event that only with the giving of notice or passage of time or both, could become an Event of Default; (ii) it becomes aware of any material adverse change in the business prospects, financial condition (including, without limitation, proceedings in Bankruptcy, insolvency, or reorganization), or results of operations of Borrower; or (iii) upon the failure of Borrower to observe any of its respective undertakings hereunder or under the Collateral Documents. j. Borrower will (i) fund any of its Employee Pension Benefit Plans in accordance with no less than the minimum funding standards of 29 U.S.C. ss. 1082 (Section 302 of ERISA); (ii) furnish Bank, promptly after the filing of the same, with copies of any reports or other statements filed with the United States Department of Labor or the Internal Revenue Service with respect to any such Plan; and (iii) promptly advise Bank of the occurrence of any Reportable Event or Prohibited Transaction with respect to any Employee Benefit Plan. k. Borrower shall establish and maintain Borrower's primary depository business accounts with Bank. l. If Borrower causes new business entities to be created to conduct business activities similar to, or related to, Borrower's current business activities, such new entities shall immediately upon creation execute guaranty agreements as to the Note, in form and content as required by Bank. -16- m. Borrower shall remain bound at all times to Bank under the terms of a lockbox control agreement acceptable to Bank and shall take all actions required by Bank in its sole discretion to maintain at all times Bank's immediate access to the post office box maintained by Borrower as the sole designated delivery address for payments made on Accounts owed to Borrower. Borrower shall not change such designated address and shall immediately deliver to Bank all payments received by Borrower through any other method on any Accounts. 2. NEGATIVE COVENANTS. Borrower does hereby covenant and agree with Bank that, so long as any portion of the Obligations remain unsatisfied or any commitments hereunder remain outstanding, it will comply at all times with the following negative covenants, unless Bank shall otherwise have agreed in writing: a. Borrower will not mortgage, pledge, grant, or permit to exist a security interest in, or a lien upon, any of its assets of any kind, now owned or hereafter acquired, except for liens in favor of Bank or Permitted Liens; b. Borrower will not become liable, directly or indirectly, as guarantor or otherwise for any Obligation of any other person; c. Borrower will not declare or pay any dividends, or make any other payment or distribution on account of its capital stock, or make any assignment or transfer of Accounts or ownership of Inventory, than in the ordinary course of business of sale of Inventory to customers of Borrower; d. Borrower will not form or have any entity or subsidiary which will be the transferee of any Accounts or Inventory from Borrower or make any loan in the nature of an investment of any person; f. Borrower will not make any loan or advance to any officer, shareholder, director, or employee of Borrower, except for business travel and similar temporary advances in the ordinary course of business; g. Borrower will not make payments on account of the purchase or lease of fixed assets that, in the aggregate, in any fiscal year (commencing with the current fiscal year) will exceed the depreciation taken or to be taken with respect to fixed assets during such year; h. Borrower will not redeem, purchase, or retire any of its capital stock or grant or issue, or purchase or retire for any consideration, any warrant, right or option pertaining thereto, or permit any redemption, retirement or other acquisition by Borrower of the ownership of capital stock of Borrower; i. Borrower shall not furnish to Bank any certificate or other document that contains any untrue statement of material fact or that omits to state a material fact -17- necessary to make it not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was furnished; j. Borrower will not directly or indirectly apply any part of the proceeds of the Obligations to the purchasing or carrying of any "margin stock" within the meaning of Regulation U of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, or any regulations, interpretations, or rulings thereunder; k. Borrower shall not suffer or permit majority control of Borrower to be sold, assigned or otherwise transferred, or make or permit any change in its current management, or otherwise dispose of a substantial part of its assets or properties; l. Borrower shall not violate in any material respect any federal, state, county or city statutes, orders, rules or regulations concerning occupational safety; m. The Collateral shall not be situated at any time within any federal or state designated flood zone; n. Borrower shall not compensate officers and owners more than an amount that, when taken together, will not adversely affect the repayment ability of Borrower with respect to the Obligations and the Note. This amount may not be increased year to year unless (i) an after-tax profit was made in the preceding fiscal year; (ii) Borrower is and will remain in compliance with covenants of this Agreement; (iii) all of Borrower's debts are paid on a current status; and (iv) Borrower has obtained the prior written consent of Bank. SECTION VII DEFAULT 1. EVENTS OF DEFAULT. The occurrence of any one or more of the following events shall constitute an Event of Default hereunder: a. Borrower shall fail to perform any covenant, promise, or payment obligation made in this Agreement or any Collateral Documents, and fails to cure such default within any applicable grace and/or cure period as provided in the Note; b. Any financial statement, representation, warranty, or certificate made or furnished by or with respect to Borrower to Bank in connection with this Agreement, or as an inducement to Bank to enter into this Agreement, or in any separate statement or document to be delivered to Bank hereunder, shall be materially false, incorrect, or incomplete when made. 2. ACCELERATION. At the option of Bank upon the occurrence of any Event of Default, the Obligations, whether hereunder or otherwise, shall immediately become due and payable. -18- 3. REMEDIES. After any acceleration, Bank shall have, in addition to the rights and remedies given it by this Agreement and the Collateral Documents, all those allowed by all applicable Laws, including, but without limitation, the Uniform Commercial Code as enacted in the applicable jurisdiction in which any Collateral may be located. The rights of Bank under this Agreement are in addition to the other rights and remedies (including, without limitation, other rights of setoff) which Bank may have. 4. RIGHT OF SETOFF. Upon the occurrence of any Event of Default, Bank may, and is hereby authorized by Borrower, at any time and from time to time, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Laws, without advance notice to Borrower (any such notice being expressly waived by Borrower), setoff and apply any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final) at any time held and any other indebtedness at any time owing by Bank to or for the credit or the account of, Borrower against any or all of the Obligations of Borrower now or hereafter existing, whether or not such Obligations have matured and irrespective of whether Bank has exercised any other rights that it has or may have with respect to such Obligations, including without limitation any acceleration rights. Bank agrees promptly to notify Borrower after any such setoff and application, provided that the failure to give such notice shall not affect the validity of such setoff and application. The rights of Bank under this Agreement are in addition to the other rights and remedies (including, without limitation, other rights of setoff) which Bank may have. SECTION VIII MISCELLANEOUS 1. CONSTRUCTION. Nothing herein contained shall prevent Bank from enforcing any or all guaranty, pledge, or security agreements, notes, mortgages, deeds of trust, other evidences of liability, or other Collateral Documents in accordance with their respective terms. 2. ENFORCEMENT AND WAIVER BY BANK. Bank shall have the right at all times to enforce the provisions of this Agreement and the Collateral Documents in strict accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, notwithstanding any conduct or custom on the part of Bank in refraining from so doing at any time or times to enforce its rights under such provisions, strictly in accordance with the same, shall not be construed as having created a custom in any way or manner contrary to specific provisions of this Agreement or as having in any way or manner modified or waived the same. All rights and remedies of Bank are cumulative and concurrent and the exercise of one right or remedy shall not be deemed a waiver or release of any other right or remedy. 3. EXPENSE OF BANK. Borrower will, on demand, reimburse Bank for all expenses, including the reasonable fees and expenses of legal counsel for Bank, incurred by Bank in connection with the preparation, administration, amendment, modification, or enforcement of this Agreement, the Collateral Documents, and the collection or attempted collection of the Obligations. -19- 4. NOTICES. Any notice or consents required or permitted by this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed delivered if delivered in person or if sent by certified mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, or facsimile transmission, as follows, unless such address is changed by written notice hereunder: If to Borrower: Vaughan Foods, Inc. 216 Northest 12th Street Moore, Oklahoma 73160 Attention: Mark E. Vaughan Fax No.: __________________ If to Bank: Commercial Federal Bank 777 N.W. Grand Boulevard, Suite 650, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73118 Attention: Alan Schaefer Fax No.: ___________________ 5. WAIVER AND RELEASE BY BORROWER. To the maximum extent permitted by applicable laws, Borrower: a. Waives notice of acceleration and of intention to accelerate; and notice and opportunity to be heard, after acceleration in the manner provided in this Agreement, before exercise by Bank of the remedies of self-help, setoff, or of other summary procedures permitted by any applicable laws or by any agreement with Borrower, and, except where required hereby or by any applicable law notice of any other action taken by Bank; and b. Releases Bank and its officers, attorneys, agents, and employees from all claims for loss or damage caused by any act or omission on the part of any of them except willful misconduct or gross negligence. 6. APPLICABLE LAW. This Agreement is entered into and performable in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, and shall be subject to and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Oklahoma. 7. BINDING EFFECT, ASSIGNMENT, AND ENTIRE AGREEMENT. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of, and shall be binding upon, the respective successors and permitted assigns of the parties hereto. Borrower has no right to assign any of its rights or Obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of Bank. This Agreement, including the exhibits hereto, all of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference, and the documents executed and delivered pursuant hereto, constitute the entire agreement between the parties and may be amended only by a writing signed on behalf of each party. -20- 8. SEVERABILITY. If any provision of this Agreement shall be held invalid under any applicable law, such invalidity shall not affect any other provision of this Agreement that can be given effect without the invalid provision, and, to this end the provisions hereof are severable. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and first year above written. COMMERCIAL FEDERAL BANK, A FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK By: /s/ Alan Shaefer ------------------------------ Its: Vice President ----------------------------- VAUGHAN FOODS, INC., an Oklahoma corporation, Borrower By: /s/ Mark E. Vaughan, President ------------------------------ Mark E. Vaughan -21- [graphic omitted] Commercial Federal Bank EXHIBIT "I (6)" BORROWING BASE CERTIFICATE To: Commercial Federal Bank, a FSB ("Bank") From: Vaughan Foods, Inc. ("Borrower") --------------------------------------------- This Borrowing Base Certificate is delivered pursuant to the Loan and Security Agreement dated 6/28/2005, between the Borrower and the Bank and accurately reflects values of the following Collateral as of __________________________. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE Total Accounts Receivable as of this date SUBTRACT--INELIGIBLE ACCOUNTS- (Per attached) LESS ___________ ELIGIBLE Accounts Receivable Subtotal Borrowing Base Factor (Receivables) X _______80%_ (maximum advance) TOTAL ELIGIBLE ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE VALUE (1) ___________ INVENTORY Total Inventory Book Value as of this date SUBTRACT--INELIGIBLE Inventory (Obsolete, Inventory with offsetting claims) LESS ___________ ELIGIBLE Inventory Subtotal Borrowing Base Factor X _______50%_ TOTAL ELIGIBLE INVENTORY VALUE (2) ___________ (ELIGIBLE INVENTORY (2) MAY NOT EXCEED $500,000) AVAILABLE CREDIT BASE (1+2) CURRENT BALANCE ON REVOLVING LINE OF CREDIT LESS ___________ INITIAL ADVANCE TOTAL AVAILABLE OR (OVER) LINE (MAXIMUM ALLOWED $4,000,000) ___________ AMOUNT REQUESTED ___________ The undersigned represents and warrants that the foregoing is true complete and correct and that the information reflected in this Borrowing Base complies with the representations and warranties set forth in the Security Agreement and in the Loan Agreement between the undersigned and Commercial Federal Bank, a FSB dated __________ . The undersigned also represents and warrants that all the payroll taxes are current. By: _____________________ Mark Vaughan - President AMENDMENT OF PROMISSORY NOTE AND ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF CROSS-DEFAULT -------------------------------- Loan No. 3700692743 THIS AMENDMENT OF PROMISSORY NOTE AND ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF CROSS-DEFAULT is entered into by and between VAUGHAN FOODS, INC., an Oklahoma corporation ("Borrower"), and COMMERCIAL FEDERAL BANK, A FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK ("Lender"). R E C I T A L S: ---------------- A. On or about March 22, 2005, Borrower executed and delivered to Lender a Promissory Note in the original principal sum of Two Hundred Twenty-Four Thousand One Hundred Dollars ($224,100.00) which provided financing to Borrower related to Borrower's acquisition of certain truck trailers and related refrigeration units ("March Note"); and B. On or about an even date herewith, Lender is entering into a new revolving credit line loan made or to be made by Lender to Borrower in an original maximum principal amount of up to Four Million Dollars ($4,000,000.00) ("Revolving Note"); and C. As an inducement to Lender to enter into the Revolving Note, and in consideration of Lender actually entering into the same, Borrower is willing to modify the March Note to cross-default it with the Revolving Note. NOW, THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows: 1. The "Default" section of the March Note is modified by adding a new subsection, which provides as follows: DEFAULT UNDER REVOLVING NOTE. A default occurs and is not cured within the applicable cure period under the Revolving Note or related loan documents with Lender in the original principal sum of up to Four Million Dollars ($4,000,000.00). Default under the March Note that is produced as a result of a default in the Revolving Note shall constitute an immediate acceleration, without further notice or right to cure, of the obligations of the March Note and will authorize Lender to exercise any and all remedies available with respect to such default, including, but not limited to, those remedies available to Lender under Oklahoma law and under the documents and instruments securing the March Note. 2. Except as amended herein, the March Note and all other documents evidencing and/or securing the obligations thereof shall remain in full force and effect as written. -1- EX-10.7 22 c44364_ex10-7.txt PROMISSORY NOTE EXTENSION AGREEMENT ----------------------------------- THIS PROMISSORY NOTE EXTENSION AGREEMENT ("Agreement") is made and entered into effective as of June 28, 2006, by and among VAUGHAN FOODS, INC., an Oklahoma corporation ("Borrower"), MARK E. VAUGHAN and VERNON J. BRANDT, JR. (collectively "Guarantors"), and BANK OF THE WEST, a California banking corporation, successor by merger to Commercial Federal Bank, a Federal Savings Bank ("Lender"). R E C I T A L S: ---------------- A. Borrower and Lender are parties to a Promissory Note dated June 29, 2005, in the original principal amount of Four Million Dollars ($4,000,000.00) ("Note"). By the terms of Unconditional Guaranties of Payment dated June 29, 2005, Guarantors unconditionally guaranteed to Lender Borrower's payment and performance under the Note. B. The Note matured on June 28, 2006, and the parties hereto have entered into this Agreement for purposes of extending the maturity date of the Note. NOW, THEREFORE, for valuable consideration, the parties hereto agree as follows: 1. PRINCIPAL BALANCE. The outstanding principal amount due under the Note is currently Two Million Eight Hundred Fourteen Thousand Two Hundred Ninety-Three and 75/100 Dollars ($2,814,293.75). In addition, interest has accrued and continues to accrue under the terms of the Note. Borrower shall continue to pay monthly interest payments to Lender under the terms of the Note until the Due Date, as amended hereby. 2. DUE DATE. The Due Date as defined in the Note is hereby extended to October 31, 2006, on which date all principal and interest remaining outstanding shall be paid in full without further notice or demand. 3. MISCELLANEOUS. Borrower covenants and agrees with Lender that it has no defenses to the payment of the Note and the performance of Borrower's obligations thereunder. Except as expressly modified herein, all other terms and provisions of the Note shall remain in full force and effect. VAUGHAN FOODS, INC., an Oklahoma corporation, Borrower Date: JULY 19, 2006 By: /s/ MARK E. VAUGHAN ------------------------------------ Mark E. Vaughan, President -1- Date: JULY 19, 2006 /s/ MARK E. VAUGHAN ------------------------------------ MARK E. VAUGHAN, Guarantor Date: JULY 19, 2006 /s/ VERNON J. BRANDT, JR. ------------------------------------ VERNON J. BRANDT, JR., Guarantor BANK OF THE WEST, a California banking corporation, successor by merger to Commercial Federal Bank, a Federal Savings Bank, Lender Date: JULY 21, 2006 By: /s/ MICHAEL A. WARREN -------------------------------- Its: BBC MANAGER ----------------------- PROMISSORY NOTE (REVOLVING) - ADJUSTABLE INTEREST RATE ------------------------------------------------------ $4,000,000.00 Loan No. 3700692971 ---------- 1. BORROWER'S PROMISE TO PAY PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST. For value received, the undersigned Maker ("Borrower"), promises to pay to COMMERCIAL FEDERAL BANK, A FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK, its successors or assigns ("Lender"), at its office at 777 N.W. Grand Boulevard, Suite 650, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73118, or at such other place as Lender may from time to time designate, without offset or deduction, the principal sum of Four Million Dollars ($4,000,000.00) or so much thereof as may be outstanding from time to time hereunder and under the Loan and Security Agreement of even date herewith between Borrower and Lender ("Loan Agreement"), with interest from the date hereof on the unpaid principal balance at the initial interest rate of six and three-fourths percent (6.75%) per annum, interest only payable monthly to Lender beginning on July 28, 2005, and continuing on the twenty-eighth (28th) day of each and every month thereafter (subject to adjustment as provided hereafter) until June 28, 2006 ("Due Date"), on which date any unpaid principal, interest and all other sums due under this Note shall be paid in full. Advances of principal shall be made in accordance with the terms of the Loan Agreement. This is a revolving line of credit loan and Borrower shall be entitled to borrow, repay and reborrow principal under this Note, subject to the terms of this Note and related documents and agreements, including the "Borrowing Base" limitations contained in the Loan Agreement. Interest payable under this Note shall be calculated on the basis of a three hundred sixty (360) day year with interest charged on a daily basis for the actual number of days that principal is outstanding from the date of disbursement until paid. 2. ADJUSTABLE INTEREST RATE PROVISIONS (MULTIPLE REQUIRED ADJUSTMENTS). Borrower agrees that the interest rate on this Note shall be adjusted on each Interest Rate Adjustment Date, as defined below, to be equal, following such date until the next Interest Rate Adjustable Date, to the sum of (i) the Prime Rate of interest quoted periodically by THE WALL STREET JOURNAL as the base rate on corporate loans posted by at least seventy-five percent (75.00%) of the nation's thirty (30) largest banks (such rate being hereafter referred to as the "Index"); plus (ii) three-fourths of one percentage point (0.75%) (or 75 basis points). a. INTEREST RATE ADJUSTMENTS. Changes in the interest rate on this Note will become effective on the date of any change in the Index during the term of this Note, each of which dates is called an "Interest Rate Adjustment Date." b. NON-WAIVER OF ADJUSTMENTS. If Lender, due to delay or oversight, does not give Borrower prompt notice of an interest rate adjustment following an Interest Rate Adjustment Date, this will not constitute a waiver of Lender's right and option to make an adjustment, and Lender may still at any time within ninety (90) days following the Interest Rate Adjustment Date notify Borrower of such adjustment. Any interest rate adjustment made within ninety (90) days following the Interest Rate Adjustment Date shall be effective retroactively to the Interest Rate Adjustment Date, and Borrower agrees -1- to reimburse Lender on demand for any interest and principal due as a result of such retroactive adjustment. c. ALTERNATIVE INDEX. If, at any time during the term of this Note, the Index is no longer available or is otherwise unpublished, Lender may select an alternative published index over which Lender has no control, in which case such alternative index will become the Index provided in this Note. The alternative index selected by Lender shall be reasonably comparable to the former Index with respect to rate levels and frequency of fluctuation. d. NOTICES. Notice of any change in the interest rate shall be deemed given by Lender when such notice is deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, addressed to Borrower. 3. NOTICE. Except as may be otherwise specified in this Note, any notices required to be given hereunder shall be given in the manner specified in the Loan Agreement executed by Borrower and Lender on an even date herewith. 4. CREDITING OF PAYMENTS. Each installment payment in any amount received by Lender shall be credited as of its date of receipt by Lender, first to interest then due and the remainder to principal, and interest shall cease upon the principal so credited as of the date that such credit is made. 5. DEFAULT BY BORROWER. Should Borrower fail to make payment of any installment or other sum within ten (10) days after the date when due, or should Borrower fail to perform any other provision or condition contained in this Note or in any instrument securing this Note, within twenty (20) days after written notice of default is given by Lender, this Note shall be in default, and the whole sum of principal and interest shall become immediately due at the option of Lender and regardless of any prior forbearance. Interest shall accrue following any event of default hereunder at the rate set forth in this Note, plus five percentage points (5.00%). As used in this Note and in the Loan Documents (as hereinafter defined) an event of default shall include, but shall not be limited to: a. Any payment or sum required by this Note or the Loan Documents is not received by Lender within ten (10) days after its due date; or b. Borrower fails to perform any other obligation required under this Note or the Loan Documents, or does any act or allows any condition to occur or exist which is prohibited under this Note or the Loan Documents, which is not cured within twenty (20) days after written notice of default by Lender; or c. Borrower fails to comply with any other agreement in any of the documents and agreements forming a part of the transaction of which this Note is a part, including the Loan Documents, which is not cured within twenty (20) days after written notice of default by Lender; or -2- d. Any representation or warranty made herein or in any of the Loan Documents, or otherwise in connection with the application for or making of this loan, proves to be untrue, or Borrower has omitted or failed to disclose a material fact to Lender at any time prior to the date of this Note which if disclosed would have had a significant impact on Lender's decision whether to approve the loan evidenced by this Note and the Loan Documents; or e. The commencement by or against Borrower of any proceedings under any bankruptcy or similar law for the relief of debtors of the United States or any state or the appointment of any receiver, trustee, assignee for the benefit of creditors, conservators or similar parties for the Borrower or any of its property, which in the case of proceedings commenced against the Borrower are not dismissed within sixty (60) days after commencement; or f. An assignment, transfer, conveyance, or relinquishment by Borrower of any of the rights or obligations under this Note; or g. The Collateral (as defined in the Loan Agreement) is impaired, pledged, or transferred in whole or in part such that the first lien security of Lender in such Collateral, including, but not limited to, the inventory, accounts receivable or general intangibles, is diminished, altered, impaired or encumbered, such as by failure of Borrower to pay any taxes and assessments prior to delinquency or the filing of any lien which takes priority over any lien of Lender; or h. A material adverse change occurs in Borrower's financial condition, Lender believes the prospect of payment or performance of this Note is impaired, or Lender in good faith believes itself insecure; i. Any of the preceding events occurs with respect to any Guarantor of this Note, or any Guarantor dies or becomes incompetent, or revokes or disputes the validity of, or liability under, any guaranty of this Note; j. A default occurs that is not cured within any applicable notice and/or cure period under any other note, loan agreement, or obligation of Borrower to Lender, whether now existing or hereafter created, or to any of Borrower's affiliates, whether such loan is now existing or hereafter created, including, but not limited to a term loan made to Borrower on or about March 22, 2005, in the original principal amount of Two Hundred Twenty-Four Thousand One Hundred Dollars ($224,100.00) and known as Loan No. 3700692743, and any renewal or replacement of such loan; or k. The death of Mark E. Vaughan, provided that Lender will not exercise its right to declare this loan to be in default due to such death provided that (a) at date of death, Borrower is not in default of any of its payment and performance obligations of this Note, (b) Borrower does not cause any Event of Default specified in (2) through (i) inclusive above to occur, (c) within ninety (90) days following such death, Borrower provides to Lender a detailed plan for business succession and loan repayment, and (d) -3- such plan is determined by Lender in its sole discretion to be acceptable. If any of the foregoing conditions is not satisfied, then the unpaid principal and all accrued interest and other charges under this Note will automatically be fully due and payable, without written notice or demand required of and by Lender. 6. LATE CHARGE. Borrower agrees: (a) to pay immediately to Lender without demand in the event any installment or other payment or sum is not actually received by Lender within ten (10) days after its due date, and without regard to the date as of which such payment is credited, an amount equal to five percent (5.00%) of the installment or other payment or sum due; (b) that it would be impractical or extremely difficult to fix Lender's actual damages in the event that any installment, payment or sum shall not be paid when due; and (c) that such amount shall be presumed to be the amount of damages for such late payment. This paragraph and the amount which it provides shall not limit Lender's right under this Note, the Loan Agreement, or any instrument securing this Note, or otherwise, to compel prompt performance hereunder and thereunder. 7. PREPAYMENT PRIVILEGE. This Note may be prepaid, in whole or in part, at any time without penalty. Prepayments shall be applied against the outstanding principal balance of the Note and shall not extend or postpone the due date of any subsequent monthly installments or change the amount of such installments, unless Lender shall agree otherwise in writing. 8. NOTE PAYABLE IN U.S. DOLLARS. Principal, interest, and all charges are payable in lawful money of the United States. 9. OBLIGATIONS OF PERSONS UNDER THIS NOTE. In this Note, the singular shall include the plural, and this Note shall be the joint and several obligation of each Maker as Borrower, in the event that there is more than one Maker. 10. SECURITY/ACCELERATION CLAUSE. This Note is secured by the Loan Agreement, a Security Agreement, one or more Financing Statements, and other instruments, agreements and documents or even date herewith which grant Lender security interests in certain property (the foregoing are collectively referred to as "Loan Documents" and the collateral encumbered by the Loan Documents is referred to as the "Property" or the "Collateral"). The obligations, covenants and agreements of each and every of the Loan Documents are hereby made a part of this Note to the same extent and with the same effect as if they were fully set forth herein, and Borrower does hereby agree to perform and keep each and every obligation, covenant and agreement set forth in this Note and in the other Loan Documents. This Note shall evidence, and the Loan Documents shall secure, the indebtedness described herein, any future loans or advances that may be made to or on behalf of Borrower by Lender at any time or times hereafter under the Loan Documents, and any other amounts required to be paid by Borrower under the Loan Documents, and any such loans, advances or amounts shall be added to the indebtedness evidenced by this Note, and shall bear interest at the interest rate then effective, unless a greater rate is expressly provided for in this Note or the other Loan Documents. 11. ASSUMABILITY OF THIS NOTE. If this Note, any Loan Documents or any Property encumbered by such Loan Documents is assumed, assigned or conveyed by Borrower in whole -4- or in part, or upon a sale, assignment or conveyance of any ownership interest in Borrower, or upon a sale or conveyance (whether voluntary or involuntary) of all or a portion of the Property described in the Loan Documents, or upon the occurrence of any other transaction or event referenced and prohibited in the Loan Agreement, or if any plan or attempt is made to do or perform any of the foregoing, this Note shall automatically and without notice from Lender at Lender's option be deemed to be in default, and Lender may declare all unpaid principal, interest and other sums under this Note to be immediately due and payable in full. The foregoing acceleration shall not be applicable in the case of: a. Transfers by devise or descent or by operation of law upon the death of an individual owning a beneficial interest in Borrower; b. Sales of inventory in the ordinary course of Borrower's business operations; and c. Sales or transfers for fair market consideration of fixtures or any routine personal property used in the operation of the Borrower's business, provided that such sales or transfers are incidental to the replacement of like fixtures and personal property of newer and better quality and condition. If Lender consents (which consent may be withheld in Lender's sole discretion) to an assignment, conveyance or assumption of this Note, or to a sale or conveyance of all or a portion of the Property, or to a transfer or conveyance of any ownership interest in Borrower except as permitted above, said consent shall be conditioned upon compliance with the following terms (and others as determined by Lender in its sole discretion): (a) the ownership entity, acquisition terms, financial condition, and credit and management expertise of buyer or assignee are approved by Lender in Lender's sole discretion; (b) buyer or assignee executes a written assumption agreement in form and content as prepared by Lender; (c) buyer or assignee pays Lender an assumption fee equal to one percent (1.00%) of the outstanding principal balance of this Note as of the date of transfer; (d) Borrower, buyer or assignee pays to Lender on demand all costs and expenses including, but not limited to, credit report fees, recording fees and attorneys' fees incurred by Lender in connection with the transaction; and (e) buyer or assignee complies with all other requirements reasonably deemed necessary by Lender. 12. MAXIMUM INTEREST. In no event whatsoever shall the amount paid, or agreed to be paid, to Lender for the use, forbearance or retention of the money to be loaned hereunder ("Interest") exceed the maximum amount permissible under applicable law. If the performance or fulfillment of any provision hereof or of the Loan Agreement or any other Loan Documents or other agreement between Lender and Borrower shall result in Interest exceeding the limit for interest prescribed by law, then the amount of such Interest shall be reduced to the maximum rate which may lawfully be charged or collected by Lender. If, from any circumstances whatsoever, Lender should receive as Interest an amount which would exceed the highest lawful rate, the amount which would be excessive Interest shall be applied to the reduction of the principal balance owing hereunder (or, at the option of Lender, be paid over to Borrower) and not to the payment of Interest. -5- 13. COSTS OF COLLECTION AND/OR ENFORCEMENT. Borrower, together with all sureties, endorsers, and guarantors of this Note, if any, jointly and severally promise to pay: (a) all reasonable costs and expenses of enforcement and/or collection, including without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees, in the event this Note or any portion of this Note after default is placed in the hands of attorneys for enforcement and/or collection and such is effected with or without suit; (b) reasonable attorneys' fees, as determined by the judge of the court if such determination is required by law, and all other reasonable costs, expenses and fees incurred by Lender in the event suit is instituted to collect or enforce this Note or any portion of this Note; (c) all reasonable costs and expenses provided for in the Loan Agreement and other Loan Documents, or in any other instrument given as security for this Note and/or incurred by or on behalf of Lender in connection with collecting or otherwise enforcing any right of Lender under this Note, the Loan Agreement, the Loan Documents, or any other instrument given as security for this Note; and (d) all reasonable costs and expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees incurred by Lender in connection with any bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization proceeding or receivership in which Borrower is involved, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees incurred in making any appearances in any such proceeding or in seeking relief from any stay or injunction issued in or arising out of any such proceeding. 14. CERTAIN WAIVERS. Except to the extent provided to the contrary in this Note, Borrower and all co-makers, sureties and endorsers of this Note, if any, jointly and severally waive diligence, grace, demand, presentment for payment, exhibition of this Note, protest, notice of protest, notice of dishonor, notice of demand, notice of nonpayment, and any and all exemption rights against the indebtedness evidenced by this Note, and agree to any and all extensions or renewals from time to time without notice and to any partial payments of this Note made before or after maturity and that no such extension, renewal or partial payment shall release any one or all of them from the obligation of payment of this Note or any installment of this Note, and consent to offsets of any sums owed to any one or all of them by Lender at any time. 15. EXERCISE OF RIGHTS. No single or partial exercise by Lender, or delay or omission in the exercise by Lender, of any right or remedy under this Note, Loan Agreement, or other Loan Documents or authorized by law shall preclude, waive or limit the exercise thereof, any other or further exercise thereof, or the exercise of any right or remedy. Lender shall at all times have the right to proceed against Borrower and/or any portion of the Property securing this Note in such manner as Lender may deem fit, without waiving any other rights or remedies with respect to the Property, any portion thereof, or interest therein. 16. NO MODIFICATIONS. This Note may not be changed, amended or modified, except in a writing expressly intended for such purpose and executed by Borrower and Lender. 17. GOVERNING LAW. The loan contract between the parties, including this Note, the Loan Agreement and other Loan Documents, is made pursuant to and shall be construed and governed by the laws of the United States and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and, to the extent the laws of a state are applicable (including laws regarding usury), by the laws of the State of Oklahoma. -6- 18. CONSTRUCTION. The words "Borrower" and "Lender" shall be deemed to include the respective heirs, personal representatives, successors and assigns of each, and shall denote and singular and/or plural, and the masculine and/or feminine, and natural and/or artificial persons, whenever and wherever the context so requires. The captions herein are inserted only for convenience of reference and in no way define, limit or describe the scope or intent of this Note or any particular paragraph or section hereof, or the proper construction thereof. 19. TIME OF THE ESSENCE. Time shall be of the essence in this Note with respect to all of Borrower's obligations hereunder. 20. CONSENT TO RELIEF FROM STAV. Borrower hereby agrees that in the event on or before the date all sums under this Note are paid in full to Lender, Borrower (by Borrower's own action or the action of any shareholders, officers, directors or creditors), (i) files with any bankruptcy court of competent jurisdiction or is the subject of any petition for relief under Title 11 of the U.S. Code, as amended, (ii) is the subject of any order for relief issued under such Title 11 of the U.S. Code, as amended, (iii) files or is the subject of any petition seeking any reorganization, arrangement, composition, readjustment, liquidation, dissolution, or similar relief under any present or future federal or state act or law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, or other relief for debtors, (iv) seeks, consents to, or acquiesces in the appointment of any trustee, receiver, conservator, or liquidator, or (v) is the subject of any order, judgment, or decree entered by any court of competent jurisdiction approving a petition filed against such party for any reorganization, arrangement, composition, readjustment, liquidation, dissolution, or similar relief under any present or future federal or state act or law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, or relief for debtors, which in the case of an involuntary proceeding brought against Borrower is not dismissed within sixty (60) days after commencement, then all sums under this Note shall thereupon be deemed to be immediately due and payable in full, and Lender shall thereupon be entitled to relief from any automatic stay imposed by Section 362 and Title 11 of the U.S. Code, as amended, or otherwise, on or against the exercise of the rights and remedies otherwise available to Lender as provided in this Note and in all other documents made to secure the obligations under this Note, and as otherwise provided by law, and Borrower hereby waives the benefits of such automatic stay and consents and agrees to raise no objection to such relief. 21. SEVERABILITY. If any provision hereof should be held unenforceable or void, then such provision shall be deemed separable from the remaining provisions and shall in no way affect the validity of this Note, except that if such provision relates to the payment of any monetary sum, then Lender may, at is options, declare the indebtedness evidenced hereby immediately due and payable. EXECUTED this 29th day of June, 2005. VAUGHAN FOODS, INC., an Oklahoma corporation, Borrower By: /s/ Mark E. Vaughan ---------------------------------------- Mark E. Vaughan, President -7- BORROWER'S ADDRESS: 216 Northeast 12th Street Moore, Oklahoma 73160 STATE OF OKLAHOMA ) )SS. COUNTY OF OKLAHOMA ) The foregoing instrument was executed and acknowledged before me this 29th day of June, 2005, by Mark E. Vaughan, the President of VAUGHAN FOODS, INC., an Oklahoma corporation, Borrower, for and on behalf of Borrower. /s/ TARA CHAVEZ ---------------------------------------- Notary Public ----------------------------------- TARA CHAVEZ NOTARY PUBLIC STATE OF OKLAHOMA CLEVELAND COUNTY COMMISSION NUMBER: 02020623 ----------------------------------- My Commission Expires Dec. 19, 2006 -8- EX-10.8 23 c44364_ex10-8.txt EX-10.8 PROMISSORY NOTE $1,000,000 SEPTEMBER 25, 2006 PORTLAND, OREGON FOR VALUE RECEIVED, Vaughan Foods, Inc. ("Maker" herein) promises to pay to the order of Paulson Investment Company, Inc. ("Holder"), the principal sum of One Million and no/100ths Dollars ($1,000,000.00) (the "Obligation"). Interest on the Obligation shall accrue until the Obligation is paid in full at the rate of ten percent (10%) per annum. The Obligation and interest shall be payable in lawful money of the United States, at Portland, Oregon or such other place as the Holder hereof may designate. Interest shall be computed on monthly basis of a 365-day year or 366-day year, as applicable, and actual days lapsed. Maker shall have the right to prepay at any time in advance of maturity, without premium or penalty, all or any part of the principal amount of this Promissory Note or interest thereon. Payments shall be first applied to outstanding interest and thereafter to the principal. This Promissory Note shall be payable as follows: 1. When a registration statement for an initial public offering (the "Offering") of Maker is filed with the SEC, this Promissory Note shall be payable on the following schedule: 09/28/06------$250,000 10/04/06------$250,000 10/11/06------$100,000 10/18/06------$100,000 10/25/06------$100,000 11/01/06------$100,000 11/08/06------$100,000 At the option of the Holder, the Holder may deduct such payment from the net proceeds otherwise payable by the Holder to the Maker at the closing the Offering. 2. In the event the Offering has not closed on or before the close of business on March 31, 2007, this Promissory Note shall thereafter be payable thirty (30) days after demand for payment by the Holder. Maker waives diligence, presentment, demand, protest, and notice of any kind whatsoever. The non-exercise by Holder of any of Holder's rights hereunder in any instance shall not constitute a waiver thereof in that or any subsequent instance. Maker shall pay upon demand any and all expenses, including reasonable attorney fees, incurred or paid by Holder without suit or action in attempting to collect funds due under this Promissory Note. In the even an action is instituted to enforce or interpret any of the terms of this Promissory Note including but not Promissory Note September 25, 2006 Page 2 limited to any action or participation by Maker in, or in connection with, a case or proceeding under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code or any successor statute, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover all expenses reasonably incurred at, before and after trial, on appeal, and on review whether or not taxable as costs, including, without limitation, attorneys' fees, witness fees (expert and otherwise), deposition costs, copying charges and other expenses. This Promissory Note is to be construed in all respects and enforced according to the laws of the State of Oregon. "MAKER" VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. By: /s/ Mark E. Vaughan -------------------------------- Its: President -------------------------------- Accepted: "HOLDER" PAULSON INVESTMENT COMPANY, INC. By: Lorraine Maxfield ------------------------------------------ Its: Senior Vice President, Corporate Finance ------------------------------------------ EX-21 24 c44364_ex21.txt EX-21 EXHIBIT 21 Exhibit 21 SUBSIDIARIES OF VAUGHAN FOODS, INC. ----------------------------------- SUBSIDIARY STATE OF INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION - ---------- -------------------------------------- Cimarron Holdings, L.L.C. Oklahoma EX-23.1 25 c44364_ex23-1.txt EXHIBIT 23.1 Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption "Experts" and to the use of our report dated April 19, 2006, in the Registration Statement on Form S-1 and related Prospectus of Vaughan Foods, Inc. /s/ Cole & Reed, P.C. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma October 5, 2006 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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