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Significant Accounting Policies
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Significant Accounting Policies

2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements requires the use of estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and contingencies. These estimates include, but are not limited to, estimates related to revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory valuation, tangible and intangible long-term asset valuation, warranty and other obligations and commitments. Estimates are updated on an ongoing basis and are evaluated based on historical experience and current circumstances. Changes in facts and circumstances in the future may give rise to changes in these estimates which may cause actual results to differ from current estimates.

 

Fair Value Estimates

 

Pursuant to the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) No. 820, “Disclosures About Fair Value of Financial Instruments”, the Company records its financial assets and liabilities at fair value. ASC No. 820 provides a framework for measuring fair value, clarifies the definition of fair value and expands disclosures regarding fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the reporting date. ASC No. 820 establishes a three-tier hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value:

 

Level 1—Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

 

Level 2—Inputs (other than quoted prices included in Level 1) are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability through correlation with market data at the measurement date and for the duration of the asset/liability’s anticipated life.

 

Level 3—Inputs reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Consideration is given to the risk inherent in the valuation technique and the risk inherent in the inputs to the model.

 

The carrying values for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other current assets, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their fair value due to their short maturities.

 

Derivative Instruments

 

Our debt or equity instruments may contain embedded derivative instruments, such as conversion options, which in certain circumstances may be required to be bifurcated from the associated host instrument and accounted for separately as a derivative instrument liability.

 

Our derivative instrument liabilities are re-valued at the end of each reporting period, with changes in the fair value of the derivative liability recorded as charges or credits to income, in the period in which the changes occur. For bifurcated conversion options that are accounted for as derivative instrument liabilities, we determine the fair value of these instruments using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. This model requires assumptions related to the remaining term of the instrument and risk-free rates of return, our current Common Stock price and expected dividend yield, and the expected volatility of our Common Stock price over the life of the option.

  

Comprehensive Loss

 

FASB ASC 220 establishes rules for reporting and displaying comprehensive loss and its components. Comprehensive loss is the sum of net loss as reported in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss transactions as reported in the consolidated statement of stockholders’ deficit. Comprehensive loss transactions that currently apply to the Company result from unrealized losses on available for sale investments.

 

Reclassifications

 

For comparability, certain prior period amounts have been reclassified, where appropriate, to conform to the financial statement presentation used in 2017. These reclassifications have no impact on net loss.

 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

 

The Financial Accounting Standards Board has recently issued accounting pronouncements, most of which represent technical corrections to the accounting literature or application to specific industries, which are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. We do not believe that the adoption of any recently issued accounting standards will have a material effect on our financial position and results of operations.

 

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

 

Effective January 1, 2018 the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) no. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606). Under the update, revenue is recognized based on a five-step model. The core principle of the model is that revenue will be recognized when the transfer of promised goods or services to customers is made in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Subsequent updates have been issued primarily to provide implementation guidance related to the initial guidance issued in May 2014. The Company has adopted this standard using the modified retrospective approach applied to our military contract that was not completed as of January 1, 2018. The results for the reporting period beginning after January 1, 2018, are presented in accordance with the new standard, although historical information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards and policies in effect for those periods. The cumulative effect of accounting change recognized was $47,000 recorded as a decrease to beginning balance of accumulated deficit, and a corresponding increase to deferred revenue, net.

 

The following table reflects the impact of the adoption of ASC 606 on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2018:

 

    Three Months Ended March 31, 2018  
    As Reported     Balances Without Adoption of ASC 606     Effect of Change Higher/(Lower)  
Revenues, net   $ 251,062     $ 204,062     $ 47,000  
Net loss   $ (315,867 )   $ (362,867 )   $ (47,000 )
Net loss per share available to common stockholders, basic and diluted   $ (0.00 )   $ (0.00 )   $ (0.00 )

 

See below for additional disclosure.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

We account for revenue in accordance with ASC 606. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer, and is the unit of account in ASC 606. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. The contract transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. We do not have any significant payment terms, as payment is received shortly after goods are delivered or services are provided.

 

Nature of Services

 

We derive our revenues primarily from hardware sales, subscription services fees, IP licensing and professional services fees. Hardware includes our SmartSole, Military and other Stand-Alone Devices. Subscription services revenues consist of fees from customers accessing our cloud-based software solutions and subscription or license fees for our platform. Professional services and other revenues consist primarily of fees from implementation services, configuration, data services, training and managed services related to our solutions. IP licensing is related to our agreement with Inventergy whereby we have partnered in order to monetize our IP portfolio.

 

Performance Obligations and Revenue Recognition

 

Product sales

 

At the inception of each contract, we assess the goods and services promised in our contracts and identify each distinct performance obligation. The Company recognizes revenue upon the transfer of control of promised products or services to the customer in an amount that depicts the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to for the related products or services. For the large majority of the Company’s sales, transfer of control occurs once product has shipped and title and risk of loss have transferred to the customer.

 

Some of our contracts have multiple performance obligations, including contracts that combine hardware with post-implementation customer support. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, we allocate the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation using our best estimate of the standalone selling price of each distinct good or service in the contract. The primary method used to estimate standalone selling price is the expected cost plus a margin approach, under which we estimate our expected costs of satisfying a performance obligation and add an appropriate margin for that distinct good or service. We also use the adjusted market approach whereby we estimate the price that customers in the market would be willing to pay. In assessing whether to allocate variable consideration to a specific part of the contract, we consider the nature of the variable payment and whether it relates specifically to its efforts to satisfy a specific part of the contract. Certain of our software implementation performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time, typically when customer acceptance is obtained.

 

Services Income

 

The Company's software solutions are available for use as hosted application arrangements under subscription fee agreements without licensing perpetual rights to the software. Subscription fees from these applications are recognized over time on a ratable basis over the customer agreement term beginning on the date the Company's solution is made available to the customer. Our subscription contracts are generally one to three months in length. Amounts that have been invoiced are recorded in accounts receivable and deferred revenues or revenues, depending on whether the revenue recognition criteria have been met.

 

The majority of our professional services arrangements are recognized on a time and materials basis. Professional services revenues recognized on a time and materials basis are measured monthly based on time incurred and contractually agreed upon rates. Certain professional services revenues are based on fixed fee arrangements and revenues are recognized based on the proportional performance method. In some cases, the terms of our time and materials and fixed fee arrangements may require that we defer the recognition of revenue until contractual conditions are met. Data services and training revenues are generally recognized as the services are performed.

 

Royalty Revenue

 

Royalty revenue recorded by the Company relates exclusively to the Company’s License and Partnership agreement with Inventergy which provides for ongoing royalties based on monetization of IP licenses. The Company recognizes revenue for royalties under ASC 606, which provides revenue recognition constraints by requiring the recognition of revenue at the later of the following: 1) sale or usage of the products or 2) satisfaction of the performance obligations. The Company has satisfied its performance obligations and therefore recognizes royalty revenue when the sales to which the royalties relate are completed.

 

Contract Balances

 

Accounts receivable, net

 

The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount, net of any necessary allowance for doubtful accounts. A receivable is recognized in the period the Company provides the underlying services or when the right to consideration is unconditional. The balance of accounts receivable, net of the allowance for doubtful accounts, as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 is presented in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

Deferred revenue

 

Deferred revenue consists primarily of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are recognized over a period of time basis. Billings associated with such items are typically completed upon the transfer of control of promised products or services to the customer and recorded to accounts receivable until payment is received. Deferred costs primarily refer to the recurring fees in excess of a $500 minimum that is prorated over the term of the contract. Deferred revenue also consists of advance payments from customers for uncompleted contracts.

 

Practical Expedients and Exemptions

 

The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations since its contracts generally have an original expected term of one year or less and the Company recognizes revenues at the amount to which it has the right to invoice for services performed.

 

The Company applies a practical expedient, as permitted within ASC 340, to expense as incurred the incremental costs to obtain a contract when the amortization period of the asset that would have otherwise been recognized is one year or less.