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Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2014
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Principles of Consolidation
Principles of Consolidation – The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Citizens Community Federal N.A. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates
Use of Estimates—Preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying disclosures. These estimates are based on management’s best knowledge of current events and actions the Company may undertake in the future. Estimates are used in accounting for, among other items, fair value of financial instruments, the allowance for loan losses, valuation of acquired intangible assets, useful lives for depreciation and amortization, indefinite-lived intangible assets and long-lived assets, deferred tax assets, uncertain income tax positions and contingencies. Management does not anticipate any material changes to estimates made herein in the near term. Factors that may cause sensitivity to the aforementioned estimates include but are not limited to: those items described under the caption “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of the accompanying annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2014 and external market factors such as market interest rates and employment rates, changes to operating policies and procedures, and changes in applicable banking regulations. Actual results may ultimately differ from estimates, although management does not generally believe such differences would materially affect the consolidated financial statements in any individual reporting period.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and Cash Equivalents—For purposes of reporting cash flows in the consolidated financial statements, cash and cash equivalents include cash, due from banks, and interest bearing deposits with original maturities of three months or less.
Investment Securities; Held to Maturity and Available for Sale
Investment Securities; Held to Maturity and Available for Sale – Management determines the appropriate classification of investment securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such designation as of the date of each statement of financial position date. Securities are classified as held to maturity when the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold the securities to maturity. Held to maturity securities are stated at amortized cost. Investment securities not classified as held to maturity are classified as available for sale. Available for sale securities are stated at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses deemed other than temporarily impaired due to non-credit issues being reported in other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax. Unrealized losses deemed other-than-temporary due to credit issues are reported in the Company’s earnings in the period in which the losses arise. Interest income includes amortization of purchase premium or accretion of purchase discount. Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts are recognized in interest income using the interest method over the estimated lives of the securities. Gains and losses on sales of investment securities are recorded on the trade date and are determined using the specific identification method.
Declines in the fair value of securities below their cost that are other than temporary due to credit issues are reflected as “Net (loss) gain on available for sale securities” in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations. In estimating other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI), management considers: (1) the length of time and extent that fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and (3) the Company’s ability and intent to hold the security for a period sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. The difference between the present values of the cash flows expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis is the credit loss. The credit loss is the portion of OTTI that is recognized in operations and is a reduction to the cost basis of the security. The portion of other-than-temporary impairment related to all other factors is included in other comprehensive income (loss), net of the related tax effect.
Loans
Loans – Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are reported at the principal balance outstanding, net of unearned interest, and deferred loan fees and costs. Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance. Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized in interest income using the interest method without anticipating prepayments.
Interest income on commercial, mortgage and consumer loans is discontinued according to the following schedules:
Commercial loans, including Agricultural and C&I loans, past due 90 days or more;
Closed end consumer loans past due 120 days or more; and
Real estate loans and open ended consumer loans past due 180 days or more.
Past due status is based on the contractual terms of the loan. In all cases, loans are placed on nonaccrual status or charged off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful. All interest accrued but not received for a loan placed on nonaccrual status is reversed against interest income. Interest received on such loans is accounted for on the cash basis or cost recovery method until qualifying for return to accrual status. Loans are returned to accrual status when payments are made that bring the loan account current with the contractual term of the loan and a 6 month payment history has been established. Interest on impaired loans considered troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) or substandard, less than 90 days delinquent, is recognized as income as it accrues based on the revised terms of the loan over an established period of continued payment. Substandard loans, as defined by the OCC, our primary banking regulator, are loans that are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any.
Real estate loans and open ended consumer loans are charged off to estimated net realizable value less estimated selling costs at the earlier of when (a) the loan is deemed by management to be uncollectible, or (b) the loan becomes past due 180 days or more. Closed end consumer loans are charged off to net realizable value at the earlier of when (a) the loan is deemed by management to be uncollectible, or (b) the loan becomes past due 120 days or more. Commercial loans, including Agricultural and C&I loans, are charged off to net realizable value at the earlier of when (a) the loan is deemed by management to be uncollectible, or (b) the loan becomes past due 90 days or more.
Allowance for Loan Losses
Allowance for Loan Losses – The allowance for loan losses (“ALL”) is a valuation allowance for probable and inherent credit losses in our loan portfolio. Loan losses are charged against the ALL when management believes that the collectability of a loan balance is unlikely. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the ALL. Management estimates the required ALL balance taking into account the following factors: past loan loss experience; the nature, volume and composition of the loan portfolio; known and inherent risks in the portfolio; information about specific borrowers’ ability to repay; estimated collateral values; current economic conditions; and other relevant factors determined by management. The ALL consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are individually classified as impaired. The general component covers non-impaired loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for certain qualitative factors. The entire ALL balance is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off.
A loan is impaired when full payment under the loan terms is not expected. Impaired loans consist of all TDRs, as well as individual substandard loans not considered a TDR, when full payment under the loan terms is not expected. All TDRs are individually evaluated for impairment. See Note 3, “Loans, Allowance for Loan Losses and Impaired Loans” for more information on what we consider to be a TDR. If a TDR or substandard loan is deemed to be impaired, a specific ALL allocation is established so that the loan is reported, net, at either (a) the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing rate; or (b) at the fair value of any collateral less estimated disposal costs, if repayment is expected solely from the underlying collateral of the loan. For TDRs less than 90+ days past due, and certain TDRs that are less than 90+ days delinquent, the likelihood of the loan migrating to over 90 days past due is also taken into account when determining the specific ALL allocation. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as non-TDR commercial, consumer and residential real estate loans, are collectively evaluated for impairment, and accordingly, are not separately identified for impairment disclosures.
Non-marketable Equity Securities
Non-marketable Equity Securities — Non-marketable equity securities are comprised of Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) stock and Federal Reserve Bank (FRB) stock, and are carried at cost in the amounts of $3,820 and $1,695 respectively.
The Bank is a member of the FHLB system. Members are required to own a certain amount of FHLB stock based on the Bank’s level of borrowings from the FHLB and other factors, and may invest in additional amounts of FHLB stock. FHLB stock is carried at cost, classified as a restricted security, and periodically evaluated for impairment based on the ultimate recovery of par value. The determination of whether a decline affects the ultimate recovery is influenced by criteria such as: (1) the significance of the decline in net assets of the FHLB as compared to the capital stock amount and length of time a decline has persisted; (2) the impact of legislative and regulatory changes on the FHLB; and (3) the liquidity position of the FHLB. Both cash and stock dividends are reported as income.
FHLB stock is evaluated quarterly for impairment. Quarterly cash dividends were paid in November 2013 and in February 2014 at an annualized dividend rate of 0.30%. Quarterly cash dividends were paid in May 2014 and in August 2014 at an annualized dividend rate of 0.50% per share. Based on management’s quarterly evaluation, no impairment has been recorded on these securities.
As a National Banking Association, the Bank must be a member of the Federal Reserve system. Each member bank is required to subscribe to Federal Reserve Stock in an amount equal to 6 percent of its capital and surplus. Although the par value of the stock is $100 per share, banks (including the Bank) pay only $50 per share at the time of purchase, with the understanding that the other half of the subscription amount is subject to call at any time. Dividends are paid at the statutory rate of 6 percent per annum, or $1.50 per share semi-annually on the last business day of June and December.
Foreclosed and Repossessed Assets, net
Foreclosed and Repossessed Assets, net – Assets acquired through foreclosure or repossession, are initially recorded at fair value, less estimated costs to sell, which establishes a new cost basis. If the fair value declines subsequent to foreclosure or repossession, a valuation allowance is recorded through expense. Costs incurred after acquisition are expensed, and are included in "non-interest expense, other" on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. Foreclosed and repossessed asset balances were $1,050 and $1,028 at September 30, 2014 and September 30, 2013, respectively.
Office Properties and Equipment
Office Properties and Equipment—Land is carried at cost. Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Maintenance and repair costs are charged to expense as incurred. Gains or losses on disposition of office properties and equipment are reflected in income. Buildings and related components are depreciated using the straight-line method with useful lives ranging from 10 to 40 years. Furniture, fixtures and equipment are depreciated using the straight-line (or accelerated) method with useful lives ranging from 3 to 10 years. Leasehold improvements are depreciated using the straight-line (or accelerated) method with useful lives based on the lesser of (a) the estimated life of the lease, or (b) the estimated useful life of the leasehold improvement.
Intangible Assets
Intangible Assets—Intangible assets consist of core deposit intangible assets arising from branch acquisitions. They were initially measured at fair value and amortized over their estimated useful lives, ranging from 7 to 15 years. The balance of core deposit intangible assets, were $161 and $218 at September 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Amortization expense related to these core deposit intangible assets was $57, $56 and $209 for the years ended September 30, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Accumulated amortization on core deposit intangible assets was $2,360 and $2,303, at September 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Interest Bearing Deposits
Interest Bearing Deposits—Other interest bearing deposits mature within one year and are carried at cost, which approximates their fair value.
Advertising Costs, Marketing and Public Relations Expense
Advertising, Marketing and Public Relations Expense—The Company expenses all advertising, marketing and public relations costs as they are incurred. Total costs for the years ended September 30, 2014, 2013, and 2012 were $370, $233, and $190, respectively.
Income Taxes
Income Taxes – The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 740, “Income Taxes.” Under this guidance, deferred taxes are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates that will apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized as income or expense in the period that includes the enactment date. See Note 13, "Income Taxes" for details on the Company’s income taxes.
The Company regularly reviews the carrying amount of its net deferred tax assets to determine if the establishment of a valuation allowance is necessary. If based on the available evidence, it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the Company’s net deferred tax assets will not be realized in future periods, a deferred tax valuation allowance would be established. Consideration is given to various positive and negative factors that could affect the realization of the deferred tax assets. In evaluating this available evidence, management considers, among other things, historical performance, expectations of future earnings, the ability to carry back losses to recoup taxes previously paid, the length of statutory carry forward periods, any experience with utilization of operating loss and tax credit carry forwards not expiring, tax planning strategies and timing of reversals of temporary differences. Significant judgment is required in assessing future earnings trends and the timing of reversals of temporary differences. Accordingly, the Company’s evaluation is based on current tax laws as well as management’s expectations of future performance.
Earnings Per Share
Earnings Per Share – Basic earnings per common share is net income or loss divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per common share include the dilutive effect of additional potential common shares issuable during the period, consisting of stock options outstanding under the Company’s stock incentive plans.
Loss Contingencies
Loss Contingencies—Loss contingencies, including claims and legal actions arising in the normal course of business, are recorded as liabilities when the likelihood of loss is probable and an amount of loss can be reasonably estimated.
Off-Balance-Sheet Financial Instruments
Off-Balance-Sheet Financial Instruments—In the ordinary course of business, the Bank has entered into off-balance sheet financial instruments consisting of commitments to extend credit and commitments under lines of credit arrangements, issued to meet customer financial needs. Such financial instruments are recorded in the financial statements when they become payable.
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)—Accumulated and other comprehensive income or loss is comprised of the unrealized and realized losses on securities available for sale and pension liability adjustments, net of tax, and is shown on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Other Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Operating Segments
Operating Segments—While the chief decision makers monitor the revenue streams of the various banking products and services, operations are managed and financial performance is evaluated on a Company-wide basis. Accordingly, all of the Company’s banking operations are considered by management to be aggregated in one reportable operating segment.
Reclassifications
Reclassifications – Certain items previously reported were reclassified for consistency with the current presentation.
Adoption of New Accounting Standards
Adoption of New Accounting Standards - In August, 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2014-14 - "Receivables; Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors (Subtopic 310-40): Classification of Certain Government-Guaranteed Mortgage Loans upon Foreclosure". ASU 2014-14 is intended to improve accounting and disclosure consistency related to how creditors classify government-guaranteed mortgage loans, including FHA or VA guaranteed loans, upon foreclosure. For public entities, ASU 2014-09 is effective on a prospective basis for the annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2014. Early adoption is permitted. The Company expects the adoption of ASU 2014-14 to have no material effect on the Company's results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
In May, 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU 2014-09 - "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). ASU 2014-09 is intended to clarify and simplify revenue recognition principles, develop a common revenue standard across industries and accounting frameworks, and improve the usefulness and consistency of revenue reporting. For public entities, ASU 2014-09 is effective on a retrospective basis for the annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is not permitted. The Company expects the adoption of ASU 2014-09 to have no material effect on the Company's results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
In January, 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU 2014-04 - "Receivables - Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors (Subtopic 310-40): Reclassification of Residential Real Estate Collateralized Consumer Mortgage Loans upon Foreclosure (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force)". ASU 2014-04 is intended to improve consistency among reporting entities by clarifying when an in substance foreclosure occurs, that is, when a creditor should derecognize a loan and recognize the corresponding real estate collateral as a separate asset. For public entities, ASU 2014 is effective for the annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2014. Early adoption is permitted. The Company expects the adoption of ASU 2014-04 to have no material effect on the Company's results of operations, financial position or cash flows.