Restructuring Charges (Credits)

2017 Restructuring Plan

In January 2017, we entered into a strategic partnership with the NRCCUA where they will assume responsibility for managing, renewing, and maintaining our existing university contracts and become the exclusive reseller of our digital marketing services for colleges and universities. As a result of this strategic partnership, approximately 55 employees in China and the United States supporting the sales and account support functions of our marketing services offerings were terminated. During the year ended December 31, 2018, we recorded workforce reduction costs of $0.3 million and lease termination and other costs of $19 thousand and during the year ended December 31, 2017, we recorded workforce reduction costs of $0.9 million and lease termination and other costs of $0.1 million. We expect remaining costs incurred to date related to this workforce reduction to be fully paid during the first half of 2019.

2015 Restructuring Plan

During the year ended December 31, 2018, we recorded restructuring charges of $0.3 million, primarily related to our vacant office space in Georgia that we have not been able to sublease. We expect remaining costs incurred to date related to the lease termination and other costs to be fully paid by 2021.

The following table summarizes the activity related to the accrual for restructuring charges (credits) (in thousands):



	2017 Restructuring Plan						2015 Restructuring Plan
	Workforce Reduction Costs			Lease Termination and Other Costs			Lease Termination and Other Costs			Total
Balance at January 1, 2017	$	—		$	—		$	306		$	306
Restructuring charges (credits)	941			148			(42		)	1,047
Cash payments	(897		)	(128		)	(43		)	(1,068		)
Write-offs	—			(20		)	—			(20		)
Balance at December 31, 2017	44			—			221			265
Restructuring charges (credits)	253			19			317			589
Cash payments	(151		)	(19		)	(218		)	(388		)
Write-offs	—			—			(18		)	(18		)
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	146		$	—		$	302		$	448

As of December 31, 2018, the $0.4 million liability was comprised of a short-term accrual of $0.3 million included within accrued liabilities and a long-term accrual of $0.1 million included within other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet.