VSI has ten wholly-owned subsidiaries: Varonis Systems Ltd. (“VSL”) incorporated under the laws of Israel on November 24, 2004; Varonis (UK) Limited (“VSUK”) incorporated under the laws of England on March 14, 2007; Varonis Systems (Deutschland) GmbH (“VSG”) incorporated under the laws of Germany on July 6, 2011; Varonis France SAS (“VSF”) incorporated under the laws of France on February 22, 2012; Varonis Systems Corp. (“VSC”) incorporated under the laws of British Columbia, Canada on February 19, 2013; Varonis Systems (Ireland) Limited ("VIRE") incorporated under the laws of Ireland on November 11, 2016; Varonis Systems (Australia) Pty Ltd (“VAUS”) incorporated under the laws of Victoria, Australia on February 28, 2017; Varonis Systems (Netherlands) B.V. ("VNL") incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands on March 13, 2018; Varonis U.S. Public Sector LLC ("VPS") incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on May 14, 2018; and Varonis Systems (Luxemburg) S.à r.l. (“VLUX”) incorporated under the laws of Luxembourg on August 5, 2019.

The Company’s software products and services allow enterprises to manage, analyze and secure enterprise data. Varonis focuses on protecting enterprise data: sensitive files and emails; confidential customer, patient and employee data; financial records; strategic and product plans; and other intellectual property. Through its products DatAdvantage (including the Automation Engine), DatAlert (including Varonis Edge), DataPrivilege, Data Classification Engine (including Policy Pack and Data Classification Labels), Data Transport Engine and DatAnswers, the software platform allows enterprises to protect sensitive data from insider threats and cyberattacks, and realize the value of their enterprise data in ways that are not resource-intensive and easy to implement.

VSI and VPS market and sell products and services mainly in the United States. VSUK, VSG, VSF, VSC, VIRE, VAUS, VNL and VLUX resell the Company’s products and services mainly in the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Canada, Ireland, Australia, the Netherlands and Belgium and Luxembourg, respectively. The Company primarily sells its products and services to a global network of distributors and Value Added Resellers (VARs), which sell the products to end user customers.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Article 10 of Regulation S-X, “Interim Financial Statements” and the rules and regulations for Form 10-Q of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Pursuant to those rules and regulations, the Company has condensed or omitted certain information and footnote disclosure it normally includes in its annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). Certain amounts in prior periods' financial statements have been recast and reclassified to conform to the current year's presentation.

In management’s opinion, the Company has made all adjustments (consisting only of normal, recurring adjustments, except as otherwise indicated) necessary to fairly present its consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The Company’s interim period operating results do not necessarily indicate the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full fiscal year. These financial statements and accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the 2019 consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on February 11, 2020 (the “2019 Form 10-K”). There have been no changes in the significant accounting policies from those that were disclosed in the audited consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 included in the 2019 Form 10-K, unless otherwise stated.

The Company generates revenues in the form of software license fees and related maintenance and services fees. Subscription revenues are comprised of time-based licenses whereby customers use the Company's software with related maintenance (including support and unspecified upgrades and enhancements when and if they are available) for a specified period. Subscriptions are sold on premises with the same functionality as the perpetual license and are recognized from sales of subscription licenses to new and existing customers. When products are purchased as a subscription, the associated maintenance is included as part of the subscription revenues. Perpetual license revenues consist of the revenues recognized from sales of perpetual licenses to new and existing customers. Maintenance and services primarily consist of fees for maintenance services of perpetual license sales (including support and unspecified upgrades and enhancements when and if they are available) and to a lesser extent professional services which focus on both operationalizing the software and training the Company’s customers to fully leverage the use of its products although the user can benefit from the software without the Company's assistance. The Company sells its products worldwide directly to a network of distributors and VARs, and payment is typically due within 30 to 60 calendar days of the invoice date.

The Company recognizes revenues in accordance with ASC No. 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”. As such, the Company identifies a contract with a customer, identifies the performance obligations in the contract, determines the transaction price, allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation in the contract and recognizes revenues when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

Subscription software and perpetual license revenues are recognized at the point of time when the software license has been delivered and the benefit of the asset has transferred. Maintenance associated with subscription licenses is recognized ratably over the term of the agreement and is included as part of the subscription revenues line item.

The Company recognizes revenues from maintenance of perpetual license sales ratably over the term of the underlying maintenance contract. The term of the maintenance contract is usually one year. Renewals of maintenance contracts create new performance obligations that are satisfied over the term with the revenues recognized ratably over the period.

The Company enters into contracts that can include combinations of products and services, which are generally capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. The license is distinct upon delivery as the customer can derive the economic benefit of the software without any professional services, updates or technical support. The Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price out of the total consideration of the contract. For maintenance, the Company determines the standalone selling prices based on the price at which the Company separately sells a renewal contract. For professional services, the Company determines the standalone selling prices based on the price at which the Company separately sells those services. For software licenses, the Company uses the residual approach to determine the standalone selling prices due to the lack of history of selling software license on a standalone basis and the highly variable sales price.

Deferred revenues represent mostly unrecognized fees billed or collected for maintenance and professional services. Deferred revenues are recognized as (or when) the Company performs under the contract. Pursuant to these contracts, customers are not invoiced for subsequent years until the annual renewal occurs. The amount of revenues recognized in the period that was included in the opening deferred revenues balance was $35,421 for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

The Company pays sales commissions to sales and marketing and certain management personnel based on their attainment of certain predetermined sales goals. Sales commissions earned by its employees are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. Sales commissions paid for initial contracts, which are not commensurate with sales commissions paid for renewal contracts, are capitalized and amortized over an expected period of benefit. Based on its technology, customer contracts and other factors, the Company has determined the expected period of benefit to be approximately four years. Sales commissions for renewal contracts are capitalized and then amortized on a straight line basis. Amortization expenses related to these costs are mostly included in sales and marketing expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

The Company’s primary objective for holding derivative instruments is to reduce its exposure to foreign currency rate changes. The Company reduces its exposure by entering into forward foreign exchange contracts with respect to operating expenses that are forecasted to be incurred in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. A majority of the Company’s revenues and operating expenditures are transacted in U.S. dollars. However, certain operating expenditures are incurred in or exposed to other currencies, primarily the New Israeli Shekel (“NIS”).

The Company has established forecasted transaction currency risk management programs to protect against fluctuations in fair value and the volatility of future cash flows caused by changes in exchange rates. The Company’s currency risk management program includes forward foreign exchange contracts designated as cash flow hedges. These forward foreign exchange contracts generally mature within 12 months. In March 2020, due to the market volatility that resulted from the novel coronavirus COVID-19 ("COVID-19") outbreak, the Company entered into additional forward foreign exchange contracts expected to mature within 18 months at more favorable rates. The Company does not enter into derivative financial instruments for trading purposes. In addition, the Company enters into forward contracts to hedge a portion of its monetary items in the balance sheet, such as trade receivables and payables, denominated in Pound Sterling and Euro for short-term periods (the “Fair Value Hedging Program”). The purpose of the Fair Value Hedging Program is to protect the fair value of the monetary assets from foreign exchange rate fluctuations. Gains and losses from derivatives related to the Fair Value Hedging Program are not designated as hedging instruments.


	Assets (liabilities) as of March 31, 2020 (unaudited)						Assets (liabilities) as of December 31, 2019
	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Notional Amount		Fair Value
Foreign exchange forward contract derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships included in accrued expenses and other short-term liabilities	$	80,192	$	(1,609)	$	84,968	$	(470)
Foreign exchange forward contract derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships included in other long-term assets	$	32,927	$	1,683	$	—	$	—
Foreign exchange forward contract derivatives for monetary items included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and accrued expenses and other short-term liabilities	$	29,028	$	(14)	$	26,995	$	5

For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the unaudited consolidated statements of operations reflect a gain of $57 and a loss of $451, respectively, related to the effective portion of the cash flow hedges. Effective with our January 1, 2019 adoption of ASU No. 2017-12, ineffectiveness of cash flow hedges is no longer recognized in financial income (expenses), net in the consolidated statement of operations. No material ineffective hedges were recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 in operating expenses in the consolidated statement of operations.

The Company accounts for investments in marketable securities in accordance with ASC No. 320, “Investments—Debt and Equity Securities”. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand, highly liquid investments in money market funds and various deposit accounts.

The Company considers all high quality investments purchased with original maturities at the date of purchase greater than three but less than twelve months to be short-term deposits. Cash equivalents, marketable securities and short-term deposits are classified as available for sale and are, therefore, recorded at fair value on the consolidated balance sheet, with any unrealized gains and losses reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), which is reflected as a separate component of stockholders’ equity in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, until realized. The Company uses the specific identification method to compute gains and losses on the investments. The amortized cost of securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity. Such amortization and accretion is included as a component of financial income (expenses), net in the consolidated statement of operations. Cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and short-term deposits consist of the following (in thousands):


	As of March 31, 2020
	(unaudited)
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Loss		Fair Value
Cash and cash equivalents
Money market funds	$	10,998	$	—	$	—	$	10,998
Total	$	10,998	$	—	$	—	$	10,998

Marketable securities
US Treasury securities	$	33,520	$	217	$	—	$	33,737
Total	$	33,520	$	217	$	—	$	33,737

Short-term deposits
Term bank deposits	$	15,000	$	—	$	—	$	15,000
Total	$	15,000	$	—	$	—	$	15,000


	As of December 31, 2019
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Loss		Fair Value
Cash and cash equivalents
Money market funds	$	4,789	$	—	$	—	$	4,789
Total	$	4,789	$	—	$	—	$	4,789

Marketable securities
US Treasury securities	$	41,510	$	23	$	(2)	$	41,531
Total	$	41,510	$	23	$	(2)	$	41,531

Short-term deposits
Term bank deposits	$	10,000	$	—	$	—	$	10,000
Total	$	10,000	$	—	$	—	$	10,000

The gross unrealized gains and losses related to these short-term investments was due primarily to changes in interest rates. The Company reviews its short-term investments on a regular basis to evaluate whether or not any security has experienced an other than temporary decline in fair value. The Company considers factors such as length of time and extent to which the market value has been less than the cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer and its intent to sell, or whether it is more likely than not the Company will be required to sell the investment before recovery of the investment’s amortized cost basis. If the Company believes that an other than temporary decline exists in one of these securities, the Company writes down these investments to fair value. For debt securities, the portion of the write-down related to credit loss would be recorded to other income (expenses), net in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. Any portion not related to credit loss would be recorded to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), which is reflected as a separate component of stockholders’ equity in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company did not consider any of its investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired.

On March 31, 2014, the Company entered into a promissory note and related security documents with Bank Leumi USA, which the Company has extended a number of times. The Company may borrow up to $7,000 against certain of its accounts receivable outstanding amount, based on several conditions, at an annual interest rate of the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate plus 0.05%, provided that the annual interest rate applicable to advances will not be lower than 4.10%. As of March 31, 2020, that borrowing rate was 4.10%. This promissory note enables the Company, among other things, to engage in foreign currency hedging transactions with Bank Leumi USA to manage exposure to foreign currency risk without restricted cash requirements. The Company may borrow under the promissory note until November 15, 2020 at which time the principal sum of each such loan, together with accrued and unpaid interest payable, will become due and payable. As of March 31, 2020, the Company had no balance outstanding under the promissory note. As part of the transaction, the Company granted the lender a security interest in its personal property, excluding intellectual property and other intangible assets. The promissory note also contains customary events of default.

The worldwide spread of COVID-19 has resulted in a global economic slowdown and is expected to continue to disrupt general business operations until the disease is contained. This has already had a negative impact on the Company's sales and results of operations, and the Company expects that it will continue to negatively affect its sales and results of operations. The Company is currently unable to predict the scale and duration of that impact. As of the date of issuance of these financial statements, the Company is not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require an update of its accounting estimates or judgments or revision of the carrying value of its assets or liabilities. This determination may change as new events occur and additional information is obtained. Actual results could differ from our estimates and judgments, and any such differences may be material to our financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract,” which aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The new standard requires capitalized costs to be amortized on a straight-line basis generally over the term of the arrangement, and the financial statement presentation for these capitalized costs would be the same as that of the fees related to the hosting arrangements. This new standard was adopted for our interim and annual periods beginning January 1, 2020. Adoption of this standard had an immaterial impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses on Financial Instruments”, which requires that expected credit losses relating to financial assets measured on an amortized cost basis and available for sale debt securities be recorded through an allowance for credit losses. ASU 2016-13 limits the amount of credit losses to be recognized for available for sale debt securities to the amount by which carrying value exceeds fair value and also requires the reversal of previously recognized credit losses if fair value increases. The new standard was adopted for interim and annual periods beginning after January 1, 2020. Adoption of this standard had an immaterial impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.