424B2 1 d604317d424b2.htm FINAL PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT Final Prospectus Supplement
Table of Contents

Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2)
Registration No. 333-181531

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

 

Title of Each Class of

Securities to be Registered

 

Proposed

maximum

aggregate

offering price

 

Amount of

registration fee

7.875% Senior Notes due 2022

  $400,000,000   $51,520(1)

Guarantees of Senior Notes

    (2)

 

 

(1) Calculated in accordance with Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The total registration fee due for this offering is $51,520.
(2) In accordance with Rule 457(n), no separate fee is payable with respect to the subsidiary guarantees.


Table of Contents

 

 

 

    

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

(To Prospectus dated May 18, 2012)

$400,000,000

 

LOGO

BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P.

BreitBurn Finance Corporation

7.875% Senior Notes due 2022

 

 

We are an independent oil and gas partnership focused on the acquisition, exploitation and development of oil and gas properties in the United States. BreitBurn Finance Corporation is our wholly owned subsidiary that has no material assets and was formed for the purpose of being a co-issuer of certain of our indebtedness, including the notes. We are offering $400,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 7.875% Senior Notes due 2022 of BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P. and BreitBurn Finance Corporation, which we refer to as the “new notes.” The new notes are being offered as additional notes under an indenture pursuant to which we have previously issued $450,000,000 in aggregate principal amount of our 7.875% Senior Notes due 2022, which we refer to as the “outstanding notes” and, together with the new notes, the “notes.” The new notes will have identical terms, other than the issue date and initial interest payment date, and will constitute part of the same series as and be fungible with the outstanding notes. We pay fixed interest on the notes on April 15 and October 15 of each year, and the first interest payment for the new notes will be April 15, 2014. The notes will mature on April 15, 2022.

We may redeem all or part of the notes at any time on or after January 15, 2017. In addition, before January 15, 2015, we may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes with the net cash proceeds of certain equity offerings. At any time prior to January 15, 2017, we may also redeem the notes, in whole or in part, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes plus a “make-whole” premium. If we undergo a change of control, we may be required to offer to purchase the notes from holders. Redemption and repurchase prices are set forth under “Description of Notes—Optional Redemption” and “—Repurchase at the Option of Holders” in the accompanying prospectus.

The notes are our senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future senior indebtedness and senior in right of payment to any future subordinated indebtedness. The notes are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by all of our existing and future domestic subsidiaries (other than the co-issuer) that guarantee indebtedness under our bank credit facility. The guarantees rank equally in right of payment with all of the existing and future senior indebtedness of our subsidiary guarantors. The notes and guarantees are effectively subordinated in right of payment to any existing or future secured indebtedness, including indebtedness under our bank credit facility, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness.

The notes will not be listed on any securities exchange.

 

 

Investing in the notes involves risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-17 of this prospectus supplement and on page 6 of the accompanying prospectus.

 

       Per Note      Total

Initial price to the public(1)

     100.250%      $401,000,000

Underwriting discounts

     1.750%      $7,000,000

Proceeds to BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P. (before expenses)

     98.500%      $394,000,000

(1) Plus accrued interest from October 15, 2013.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The underwriters expect to deliver the notes in book-entry form through The Depository Trust Company on or about November 22, 2013.

 

 

Joint Book-Running Managers

 

Wells Fargo Securities    Barclays    BMO Capital Markets

J.P. Morgan

    Mitsubishi UFJ Securities

 

 

Senior Co-Managers

 

Citigroup    Credit Suisse    RBC Capital Markets

 

 

Co-Managers

 

BBVA

 

Comerica Securities

 

Global Hunter Securities

 

RBS

Santander

 

Scotiabank

 

SMBC Nikko

SunTrust Robinson Humphrey    TD Securities    US Bancorp

Prospectus Supplement dated November 19, 2013.


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Prospectus Supplement    Page  

Where You Can Find More Information

     S-iii   

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

     S-iv   

Summary

     S-1   

Risk Factors

     S-17   

Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges

     S-25   

Use of Proceeds

     S-26   

Capitalization

     S-28   

Description of Other Indebtedness

     S-29   

Underwriting

     S-31   

Legal Matters

     S-35   

Experts

     S-35   
Prospectus    Page  

About this Prospectus

     ii   

About BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P. and BreitBurn Finance Corporation

     ii   

Where You Can Find More Information

     iii   

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

     iv   

Prospectus Summary

     1   

Risk Factors

     6   

Use of Proceeds

     14   

Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges

     14   

Description of Notes

     15   

Certain U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations

     62   

Legal Matters

     67   

Experts

     67   

 

 

This document is in two parts. The first part is this prospectus supplement, which describes the specific terms of this offering of the new notes and also adds to and updates information contained in the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. The second part is the accompanying prospectus, which describes the indenture governing the notes and the terms of the notes. Generally, when we refer to the prospectus, we are referring to both this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Before you invest in our notes, you should carefully read this prospectus supplement, along with the accompanying prospectus, in addition to the information contained in the documents we refer to under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information” in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including the risk factors under the heading “Risk Factors” included elsewhere in this prospectus, in Item 1A of Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, as amended by Amendment No. 1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 (“our 2012 Annual Report”), and in Item 1A of Part II of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2013.

You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or any “free writing prospectus” we may authorize to be delivered to you. Neither we nor the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide you with additional or different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. This prospectus supplement is not an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy the new notes in any jurisdiction where such offer or any sale would be unlawful. You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus

 

S-i


Table of Contents

or any free writing prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the dates shown in these documents or any information that we have incorporated by reference is accurate as of any date other than the date of the document incorporated by reference. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since such dates. If any statement in one of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later date — for example, a document incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus — the statement in the document having the later date modifies or supersedes the earlier statement. If any information varies between this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, you should rely on this prospectus supplement.

None of BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P., BreitBurn Finance Corporation, the underwriters or any of their respective representatives is making any representation to you regarding the legality of an investment in our notes by you under applicable laws. You should consult with your own advisors as to legal, tax, business, financial and related aspects of an investment in our notes.

 

S-ii


Table of Contents

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We are required to file annual, quarterly and current reports and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). You may read and copy any documents filed by us at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the Public Reference Room. The SEC maintains an internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding us. The SEC’s web site is at www.sec.gov.

We also make available free of charge on our internet website at www.breitburn.com all of the documents that we file with or furnish to the SEC as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with the SEC. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and you should not consider information contained on our website as part of this prospectus unless specifically so designated and filed with the SEC.

We “incorporate by reference” information into this prospectus, which means that we disclose important information to you by referring you to another document filed separately with the SEC. The information incorporated by reference is deemed to be part of this prospectus, except for any information superseded by information contained expressly in this prospectus, and the information we file later with the SEC will automatically supersede this information.

We incorporate by reference in this prospectus the documents listed below that we have previously filed with the SEC:

 

   

Our 2012 Annual Report filed on August 23, 2013;

 

   

Our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2013 filed on May 3, 2013, as amended by Amendment No. 1 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2013 filed on August 23, 2013, our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2013 filed on August 6, 2013 and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2013 filed on November 6, 2013; and

 

   

Our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed on November 27, 2012, December 6, 2012, February 1, 2013, February 6, 2013, February 12, 2013, June 19, 2013, June 25, 2013, July 18, 2013, November 5, 2013 and November 18, 2013 and our Current Reports on Form 8-K/A filed on August 30, 2013 and November 12, 2013 (excluding any information furnished pursuant to Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 on any Current Report on Form 8-K or 8-K/A).

In addition, we incorporate by reference in this prospectus supplement any future filings made by BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P. with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) (excluding any information furnished and not filed with the SEC), after the date of this prospectus and prior to the termination of the offering of the securities offered by this prospectus.

You may request a copy of any document incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any exhibit specifically incorporated by reference in those documents, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the following address or phone number:

BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P.

515 South Flower Street, Suite 4800

Los Angeles, California 90071

Attention: Gregory C. Brown, Esq.

Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Chief Administrative Officer

Tel: (213) 225-5900

 

S-iii


Table of Contents

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Statements included in this prospectus that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements. These statements may be identified by words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “could,” “will,” “recommends” and words of similar meaning. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond our control and are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in such forward-looking statements. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this prospectus. Examples of these types of statements include those regarding:

 

   

estimates of oil and gas reserves recoverable in future years and related future net cash flows, including such estimates related to acquisitions of oil and gas properties;

 

   

our outlook on oil and natural gas prices;

 

   

our outlook on the current financial markets and our ability to access the capital markets to fund capital and other expenditures;

 

   

the amount, nature and timing of capital expenditures and the availability of capital resources to fund capital expenditures;

 

   

access to capital and anticipated liquidity, including the results of our next borrowing base redetermination;

 

   

expectations regarding our core investment strategy and our plans to continue to follow it;

 

   

our commodity hedging transactions and derivative contracts;

 

   

the impact of political and regulatory inquiry;

 

   

assessments of hydrocarbon formations and potential resources;

 

   

exploitation, exploration, development and other plans for future operations, including the scope and cost of drilling and other operations;

 

   

our plans to continue to actively pursue oil and natural gas acquisition opportunities;

 

   

production rates, timing and costs and sales volumes and prices;

 

   

revenues, earnings, cash flows, liabilities, capital expenditures, interest rates and other financial measures;

 

   

our assessment of our counterparty risks and the ability of our counterparties to perform their future obligations;

 

   

estimates regarding taxable income and distributions;

 

   

the amount and timing of environmental and other contingent liabilities;

 

   

future or recommended cash distributions to unitholders; and

 

   

other statements regarding future events, conditions or outcomes.

Although these statements are based upon our current expectations and beliefs, they are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results and outcomes to differ materially from those described in, or implied by, the forward-looking statements. In that event, our business, financial condition, results of operations or liquidity could be materially adversely affected, and investors in our securities could lose part or all of their investment. These risks and uncertainties include, among other things, the following:

 

   

inaccuracies in the estimated timing and amount of future production of oil and natural gas due to numerous factors, including permit delays or restrictions, weather, equipment failures, delays or

 

S-iv


Table of Contents
 

lack of availability, unexpected subsurface or geologic conditions, lack of capital, increases in the costs of rented or contracted equipment, increases in labor costs, volumes of oil or gas greater or less than anticipated and changes in applicable regulations and laws;

 

   

decreases in oil and natural gas prices, including price discounts and basis differentials;

 

   

unexpected problems with wells or other equipment, particularly in our Florida properties where production is concentrated in relatively few wells;

 

   

unexpected changes in operating costs and other expenses, including utilities, labor, transportation, well and oil field services, taxes, permit fees, regulatory compliance and other costs of operation;

 

   

difficulties in accurately estimating the discovery, volumes, development potential and replacement of oil and natural gas reserves;

 

   

the impact of weak economic conditions on our business operations, financial condition and ability to raise capital;

 

   

availability of funds from the capital markets and under our bank credit facility;

 

   

our level of indebtedness;

 

   

a significant reduction in our borrowing base under our bank credit facility;

 

   

the ability of financial counterparties to perform or fulfill their obligations under existing agreements;

 

   

a write-down of our asset carrying values and oil and gas property impairment;

 

   

the discovery of previously unknown environmental issues;

 

   

changes in our business and financial strategy;

 

   

inaccuracies in estimating the amount, nature and timing of capital expenditures, including future development costs;

 

   

the inability to predict the availability and terms of capital;

 

   

issues with marketing of oil and natural gas, including lack of access to markets, changes in pipeline and transportation tariffs and costs, increases in minimum sales quality standards for oil or natural gas, changes in the supply-demand status of oil or gas in a given market area and the introduction of increased quantities of oil or natural gas into a given area due to new discoveries or new delivery systems;

 

   

the impact of weather limiting or damaging operations and the occurrence of natural disasters such as fires, floods, hurricanes, earthquakes and other catastrophic events and natural disasters;

 

   

the competitiveness of alternate energy sources or product substitutes;

 

   

technological developments;

 

   

changes in governmental regulation or taxation of the oil and natural gas industry, including changes potentially leading to increased costs and limited development opportunities;

 

   

changes in governmental regulation of derivatives;

 

   

developments in oil-producing and natural gas-producing countries potentially having significant effects on the price of oil and gas;

 

   

the effects of changed accounting rules under generally accepted accounting principles promulgated by rule-setting bodies;

 

   

the inability to execute strategic plans, expectations and objectives for future operations;

 

   

the inability to realize the expected financial or strategic goals of acquisitions;

 

S-v


Table of Contents
   

the inability to efficiently integrate the Whiting Assets (as defined herein) and other related assets;

 

   

the inability to obtain sufficient quantities of carbon dioxide (“CO2”) necessary to carry out our enhanced oil recovery projects; and

 

   

other factors described under the heading “Risk Factors” in this prospectus.

If one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or if underlying assumptions prove incorrect, our actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, estimated, projected or expected. When considering these forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the risk factors and other cautionary statements described under the heading “Risk Factors” included elsewhere in this prospectus, in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, including any amendments thereto, and, to the extent applicable, in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K, including any amendments thereto. The risk factors and other factors included in this prospectus could cause our actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

All forward-looking statements, expressed or implied, included in this prospectus and attributable to us are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement. This cautionary statement should also be considered in connection with any subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements that we or persons acting on our behalf may issue.

We undertake no obligation to publicly update the forward-looking statements in this prospectus to reflect future events or circumstances unless required by law. All such statements are expressly qualified by this cautionary statement.

 

S-vi


Table of Contents

SUMMARY

This summary highlights information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. This summary is not complete and does not contain all of the information that you should consider before deciding whether or not to invest in our notes. You should carefully read this entire prospectus and the information incorporated by reference in this prospectus for a more complete understanding of our business and terms of this offering, as well as the tax and other considerations that are important to you, before making an investment decision. You should pay special attention to the “Risk Factors” section on page S-16 of this prospectus supplement and on page 6 of the accompanying prospectus and the risk factors described under the heading “Risk Factors” included in Item 1A of Part I of our 2012 Annual Report and in Item 1A of Part II of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2013, each of which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

The estimates of our proved oil and natural gas reserves at December 31, 2012 included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus are based upon the reports of Netherland, Sewell & Associates, Inc. and Schlumberger Technology Corporation, independent petroleum engineering firms. Reserve information included herein with respect to the Whiting Acquisition (as defined below) is based on internal estimates. Unless this prospectus otherwise indicates, references to our proved oil and natural gas reserves do not include reserves acquired in the Whiting Acquisition.

Unless this prospectus supplement otherwise indicates or the context otherwise requires, references to “the Partnership,” “we,” “our,” “us,” or like terms refer to BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P. and its subsidiaries, collectively. References to “BreitBurn GP,” “the General Partner,” or “our General Partner” refer to BreitBurn GP, LLC, the general partner of the Partnership and our wholly owned subsidiary. References to “BreitBurn Management” refer to BreitBurn Management Company, LLC, our asset manager and operator, and our wholly owned subsidiary. References to “BOLP” refer to BreitBurn Operating L.P., our wholly owned subsidiary. References to “BOGP” refer to BreitBurn Operating GP, LLC, the general partner of BOLP.

The following are definitions of some of the oil and gas industry and other terms that are used in this prospectus. “Bbl” means one stock tank barrel, or 42 U.S. gallons of liquid volume, of crude oil or other liquid hydrocarbons. “Bbl/d” means Bbl per day. “Boe” means one barrel of oil equivalent, determined using the ratio of one Bbl of crude oil to six Mcf of natural gas. “Boe/d” means Boe per day. “LIBOR” means London Interbank Offered Rate. “Mcf” means one thousand cubic feet of natural gas. “MBoe” means one thousand barrels of oil equivalent. “MMBoe” means one million barrels of oil equivalent. “MMBtu” means one million British thermal units. “MMBtu/d” means one million British thermal units per day.

BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P.

We are an independent oil and gas partnership focused on the acquisition, exploitation and development of oil and gas properties in the United States. Our objective is to manage our oil and gas producing properties for the purpose of generating cash flows and making distributions to our unitholders. Our assets consist primarily of producing and non-producing crude oil and natural gas reserves located primarily in:

 

   

the Antrim Shale and several non-Antrim formations in Michigan;

 

   

the Evanston, Green River, Wind River, Big Horn and Powder River Basins in Wyoming;

 

   

the Los Angeles and San Joaquin Basins in California;

 

   

the Permian Basin in Texas;

 

   

the Oklahoma Panhandle;

 

 

S-1


Table of Contents
   

the Sunniland Trend in Florida; and

 

   

the New Albany Shale in Indiana and Kentucky.

Our assets are characterized by stable, long-lived production and proved reserve life indexes, which averaged greater than 17 years as of December 31, 2012. Our fields generally have long production histories, with some fields producing for over 100 years. We have high net revenue interests in our properties.

As of December 31, 2012, our total estimated proved reserves were 149.4 MMBoe, of which approximately 49% were crude oil, 4% were NGLs and 47% were natural gas. Of our total estimated proved reserves as of December 31, 2012, 35% were located in Michigan, 26% in Wyoming, 17% in California, 15% in Texas and 7% in Florida, with less than 1% in Indiana and Kentucky. As of December 31, 2012, the total standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows was $1.99 billion.

The following table summarizes estimated proved reserves and production for our properties by state:

 

     As of December 31, 2012      Year Ended
December 31, 2012
 
     Estimated
Proved
Reserves
(MMBoe)(a)
     Percent
of Total
Estimated
Proved
Reserves
    Estimated
Proved
Developed
Reserves
(MMBoe)
     Production
(MBoe)(b)
     Average
Daily
Production
(Boe/d)(b)
 

Michigan

     51.7         34.6     47.4         3,370         9,206   

Wyoming

     39.4         26.4     30.8         2,542         7,189   

California

     25.6         17.1     21.7         1,183         4,068   

Texas

     21.7         14.5     8.8         315         3,482   

Florida

     10.4         7.0     10.4         704         1,924   

Indiana/Kentucky

     0.6         0.4     0.6         204         557   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total(c)

     149.4         100     119.7         8,318         26,426   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(a) Our estimated proved reserves were determined using $2.76 per MMBtu for gas and $94.71 per Bbl of oil. Such prices were determined using unweighted average first-day-of-the-month prices for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 in accordance with SEC guidelines. Natural gas is converted on the basis of six Mcf of gas per one Bbl of oil equivalent. This ratio reflects an energy content equivalency and not a price or revenue equivalency. Given commodity price disparities, the price for a Bbl of oil equivalent for natural gas is significantly less than the price for a Bbl of oil.

 

(b) In 2012, we completed the acquisitions of oil and natural gas properties located in the Permian Basin in Texas from Element Petroleum, LP and CrownRock, L.P., oil properties located in Park County in the Big Horn Basin of Wyoming from Legacy Energy, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of NiMin Energy Corp., and principally oil properties from American Energy Operations, Inc. located in the Belridge Field in Kern County, California. The production amounts in the table above include production from these oil and gas properties from their respective dates of acquisition to December 31, 2012.

 

(c) In 2013, we completed the acquisition of oil and gas properties referred to below as the Whiting Acquisition. The amounts of our estimated proved reserves and production in the table do not include the oil and gas properties acquired in 2013.

Estimates of our proved reserves were prepared by Netherland, Sewell & Associates, Inc. and Schlumberger Technology Corporation, independent petroleum engineering firms. Netherland, Sewell & Associates, Inc. prepares reserve data for our Wyoming, California, Texas and Florida properties, and Schlumberger Technology Corporation prepares reserve data for our Michigan, Kentucky and Indiana properties.

 

 

S-2


Table of Contents

For a discussion of our reserves and production for the year ended December 31, 2012, please read Part I — Item 1 “Business — Reserves and Production” and Note A of the Supplemental Information to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2012 Annual Report, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

Capital Program

Currently, we expect our full year 2013 crude oil and natural gas capital spending program to be approximately $271 million, excluding acquisitions and capitalized general and administrative expenses, compared with approximately $153 million in 2012. We plan to principally target oil projects and expect to spend approximately 84% of our capital budget in California, Florida, Texas and Oklahoma and approximately 16% in Michigan, Wyoming, Indiana and Kentucky.

Recent Acquisitions

On July 15, 2013, we completed the acquisition of certain oil and gas and midstream assets located in Oklahoma, New Mexico and Texas (the “Whiting Assets”) from Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation (“WOGC”), a subsidiary of Whiting Petroleum Corporation. Under the terms of an agreement with WOGC, we acquired the Whiting Assets for a purchase price of approximately $833 million in cash (the “Whiting Acquisition”). Also, in July 2013, we completed the acquisition of additional interests in certain of the acquired assets in the Oklahoma Panhandle from other sellers for an additional approximately $30 million, subject to customary post-closing adjustments. The Whiting Assets include the Postle Field, which currently has active CO2 enhanced recovery projects, and the Northeast Hardesty Unit, both of which are located in Texas County, Oklahoma. We have a contracted supply of CO2 in the Bravo Dome Field in New Mexico, with step-in rights, for 129,000,000 Mcf over 10 to 15 years, which we expect to provide volumes required to produce our estimated proved reserves when coupled with recycled CO2. The Postle Field includes 227 gross producing wells and 174 injectors, and the Northeast Hardesty Unit includes 24 gross producing wells and 17 injectors. As part of the Whiting Acquisition and the purchase of additional interests, we are also the sole owner of the Dry Trails gas plant located in Texas County, Oklahoma and the 120-mile Transpetco Pipeline, a CO2 transportation pipeline delivering product from New Mexico to the Postle Field in Oklahoma. We funded the purchase price for the Whiting Acquisition and the acquisition of additional interests in certain of the acquired assets in the Oklahoma Panhandle with borrowings under our bank credit facility, a portion of which was repaid with the net proceeds of our recent equity offering and an additional portion of which will be repaid with the net proceeds of this offering.

Our management’s review of the estimated proved reserves relating to the Whiting Acquisition indicated estimated proved reserves of 41.4 MMBoe, with an estimated proved reserve life index of approximately 15 years, as of June 30, 2013, which estimated proved reserves were determined using $91.60 per barrel of oil and $3.44 per MMBtu of gas. Such prices were determined using the average of the historical first-day-of-the-month prices for the twelve months ended June 30, 2013 in accordance with SEC guidelines. Approximately 95% of these reserves were oil and NGLs, approximately 70% were proved developed and approximately 68% were proved developed producing as of June 30, 2013. Management’s estimate of the average daily production per day for September 2013 from the Whiting Assets was approximately 7,275 Boe, which was comprised of approximately 83% crude oil, 13% NGLs and 4% natural gas. In 2013 to date, the price per barrel of oil for our production from the Whiting Assets represented an approximately $8 discount to the NYMEX West Texas Intermediate (“NYMEX WTI”) benchmark price.

Reserve engineering is a complex and subjective process of estimating underground accumulations of oil and natural gas that cannot be measured in an exact way, and the accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data and of engineering and geological interpretation and judgment. As

 

 

S-3


Table of Contents

a result, estimates prepared by one engineer may vary from those prepared by another. Estimates of proved reserves for our oil and gas properties as of December 31, 2013 will be prepared by Netherland, Sewell & Associates, Inc., Schlumberger Technology Corporation and, for our recently acquired Oklahoma properties, Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc. using the information available at that time. Upon completion of their review, the estimate of the proved reserves for our oil and gas properties as of December 31, 2013 will be different from the estimate of the proved reserves for our oil and gas properties as of December 31, 2012 shown in the table above, and the estimates of proved reserves relating to the acquisition of oil and gas properties referred to below as the Whiting Acquisition as of December 31, 2013 will be different from our management’s estimates of such reserves as of June 30, 2013 as described above.

Recent Equity Offering

On November 18, 2013, we sold 18,975,000 common units in an underwritten public offering, resulting in net proceeds of approximately $332.8 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses. We intend to use substantially all of the net proceeds from such offering to reduce outstanding borrowings under our bank credit facility.

Monthly Distributions on Common Units

On October 30, 2013, we amended our limited partnership agreement to provide that, at the discretion of our General Partner, we may pay quarterly distributions on our common units within 45 days following the end of each quarter or in three installments within 17, 45 and 75 days following the end of each quarter. We intend to change our distribution payment policy from a quarterly payment schedule to a monthly payment schedule beginning with the distributions relating to the fourth quarter of 2013. The payment of monthly distributions is expected to commence in January 2014.

Our Competitive Strengths and Our Strategy

Our Competitive Strengths

We believe the following strengths provide us with significant competitive advantages:

High-Quality Asset Base with Stable, Long-Lived Production

Our properties are located in large, mature fields characterized by a significant amount of original oil in place, long-lived reserves, low production decline rates, and a high percentage of proved developed producing reserves. These properties have well-understood geological features and relatively predictable production profiles. As of December 31, 2012, our assets were characterized by proved reserve life indexes averaging greater than 17 years, and approximately 80% of our 149.4 MMBoe of estimated proved reserves were classified as proved developed. As of June 30, 2013, we estimate that the Whiting Assets were characterized by an estimated proved reserve life index of approximately 15 years, and approximately 70% of the 41.4 MMBoe of estimated proved reserves were classified as proved developed.

Geographically Diverse Asset Base Consisting of a Balance of Oil and Gas Properties

Currently, our reserves are geographically diverse and located primarily in eight states in the United States with no one state accounting for more than 27% of our proved reserves, after giving effect to the Whiting Acquisition. As of December 31, 2012, our reserve mix consisted of approximately 49% crude oil, 4% NGLs and 47% natural gas. As of June 30, 2013, we estimate that the reserve mix of the Whiting Assets consisted of approximately 84% crude oil, 11% NGLs and 5% natural gas.

Experienced Management, Operating and Technical Teams

Our experienced management, operating and technical teams share a long working history with the Partnership and our predecessor. Our CEO, Halbert S. Washburn, and the Vice Chairman of the board of

 

 

S-4


Table of Contents

directors of our General Partner, Randall H. Breitenbach, founded our predecessor in May 1988 and have assembled experienced operating and technical teams. Our executive officers and key employees have on average over 20 years of experience in the oil and gas industry and have a track record of acquiring, drilling and optimizing assets.

Hedging Through 2018 at Attractive Average Prices

Currently, we use a combination of fixed price swap and option arrangements to hedge crude oil and natural gas prices. By removing the price volatility from a significant portion of our crude oil and natural gas production, we mitigate, but do not eliminate, the potential effects of changing crude oil and natural gas prices on our cash flow from operations for the hedged periods.

 

 

S-5


Table of Contents

The following table summarizes our hedge positions as of November 18, 2013 and represents, as of such date, derivatives in place through December 31, 2018 on annual production volumes:

 

    Year 2013     Year 2014     Year 2015     Year 2016     Year 2017     Year 2018  

Oil Positions:

           

Fixed Price Swaps — NYMEX WTI:

           

Hedged Volume (Bbl/d)

    13,016        11,314        10,189        6,711        5,471        493   

Average Price ($/Bbl)

  $ 95.26      $ 93.67      $ 94.71      $ 86.97      $ 83.38      $ 82.20   

Fixed Price Swaps — ICE Brent:

           

Hedged Volume (Bbl/d)

    4,200        4,800        3,300        4,300        298          

Average Price ($/Bbl)

  $ 97.57      $ 98.88      $ 97.73      $ 95.17      $ 97.50      $   

Collars — NYMEX WTI:

           

Hedged Volume (Bbl/d)

    500        1,000        1,000                        

Average Floor Price ($/Bbl)

  $ 77.00      $ 90.00      $ 90.00      $      $      $   

Average Ceiling Price ($/Bbl)

  $ 103.10      $ 112.00      $ 113.50      $      $      $   

Collars — ICE Brent:

           

Hedged Volume (Bbl/d)

                  500        500                 

Average Floor Price ($/Bbl)

  $      $      $ 90.00      $ 90.00      $      $   

Average Ceiling Price ($/Bbl)

  $      $      $ 109.50      $ 101.25      $      $   

Puts—NYMEX WTI:

           

Hedged Volume (Bbl/d)

    1,000        500        500        1,000                 

Average Price ($/Bbl)

  $ 90.00      $ 90.00      $ 90.00      $ 90.00      $      $   

Total:

           

Hedged Volume (Bbl/d)

    18,716        17,614        15,489        12,511        5,769        493   

Average Price ($/Bbl)

  $ 95.01      $ 94.78      $ 94.75      $ 90.15      $ 84.11      $ 82.20   

Gas Positions:

           

Fixed Price Swaps — MichCon City-Gate:

           

Hedged Volume (MMBtu/d)

    37,000        7,500        7,500        17,000        10,000          

Average Price ($/MMBtu)

  $ 6.50      $ 6.00      $ 6.00      $ 4.46      $ 4.48      $   

Fixed Price Swaps — Henry Hub:

           

Hedged Volume (MMBtu/d)

    27,100        38,600        43,200        20,700        5,571          

Average Price ($/MMBtu)

  $ 4.68      $ 4.80      $ 4.83      $ 4.24      $ 4.51      $   

Puts — Henry Hub:

           

Hedged Volume (MMBtu/d)

           6,000        1,500                        

Average Price ($/MMBtu)

  $      $ 5.00      $ 5.00      $      $      $   

Total:

           

Hedged Volume (MMBtu/d)

    64,100        52,100        52,200        37,700        15,571          

Average Price ($/MMBtu)

  $ 5.73      $ 4.99      $ 5.00      $ 4.34      $ 4.49      $   

Calls — Henry Hub:

           

Hedged Volume (MMBtu/d)

    30,000        15,000                               

Average Price ($/MMBtu)

  $ 8.00      $ 9.00      $      $      $      $   

Premium ($/MMBtu)

  $ 0.08      $ 0.12      $      $      $      $   

High Percentage of Operated Properties

For the year ended December 31, 2012, on a net production basis, we operated approximately 84% of our production. Maintaining control of our properties allows us to use our technical and operational expertise to manage overhead, production, drilling costs and capital expenditures and to control the timing of development opportunities.

 

 

S-6


Table of Contents

Our Strategy

Our long-term goals are to manage our oil and gas producing properties for the purpose of generating cash flows and making distributions to our unitholders. In order to meet these objectives, we plan to continue to follow our core investment strategy, which includes the following principles:

Acquire Long-Lived Assets with Low-Risk Exploitation and Development Opportunities

Our acquisition program targets oil and natural gas properties that we believe will be financially accretive and offer stable, long-lived, high quality production with relatively predictable decline curves, as well as low-risk development opportunities. We evaluate acquisitions based on decline profile, reserve life, operational efficiency, field cash flows, development costs and rate of return. As part of this strategy, we continually seek to optimize our asset portfolio, which may include the divestiture of noncore assets. This allows us to redeploy capital into projects to develop low-risk, long-lived and lower-decline properties that are better suited to our strategy.

We regularly engage in discussions with potential sellers regarding acquisition opportunities. Such acquisition efforts may involve our participation in auction processes, as well as situations in which we believe we are the only party or one of a very limited number of potential buyers in negotiations with the potential seller. These acquisition efforts can involve assets that, if acquired, would have a material effect on our financial condition and results of operations. We seek to finance acquisitions with a combination of equity and funds from equity and debt offerings, bank borrowings and cash generated from operations.

Consistent with our long-term business strategy, we completed seven acquisitions in Texas, Wyoming and California during 2012 totaling approximately $606 million, including the issuance of $56 million in common units, and acquisitions in Oklahoma, New Mexico and Texas in July 2013, totaling approximately $864 million. For example, the Whiting Acquisition provides us with expansion opportunities in the Mid-Continent Region of the United States and in the Permian Basin in Texas. We plan to continue to actively pursue oil and natural gas acquisition opportunities.

Use Our Technical Expertise and State-of-the-Art Technologies to Identify and Implement Successful Exploitation Techniques to Optimize Reserve Recovery

Immediately after we acquire a property, our technical team conducts an extensive geologic and reservoir engineering study of the property to identify appropriate development opportunities. This study often involves assembling a 3-D geologic and reservoir model of the field, which guides our decision-making on these capital-intensive investments.

We apply integrated reservoir engineering and geoscience technologies to all of our properties that allow us to better understand these complex hydrocarbon accumulations. We believe that this better understanding allows us to continue to design and implement development programs that optimize and incrementally add to the amount of any oil and gas reserves recovered from our properties. We believe that, dependent ultimately on commodity price levels, our current asset base provides us with the opportunity to continue to grow our reserves and production with a significant number of low geologic risk drilling opportunities. Furthermore, we are actively pursuing acquisitions, and one of the important factors we review and consider in acquiring new properties is adding potential additional drilling opportunities.

Reduce Cash Flow Volatility Through Commodity Price and Interest Rate Derivatives

Our revenues and net income are sensitive to oil and natural gas prices. We enter into various derivative contracts intended to achieve more predictable cash flows and to reduce our exposure to adverse fluctuations in the prices of oil and natural gas. We currently maintain derivative arrangements for a significant portion of our oil and natural gas production. We use a combination of fixed price swap and option arrangements to economically hedge crude oil and natural gas prices. By removing the price

 

 

S-7


Table of Contents

volatility from a significant portion of our crude oil and natural gas production, we have mitigated, but not eliminated, the potential effects of changing crude oil and natural gas prices on our cash flows from operations for those periods. Our commodity price risk management program is intended to reduce our exposure to commodity prices and assist with stabilizing cash flows and distributions. To the extent we have hedged a significant portion of our expected production and the cost for goods and services increases, our margins would be adversely affected.

Our commodity hedging transactions are primarily in the form of swap contracts and collars that are designed to provide a fixed price (swap contracts) or range of prices between a price floor and a price ceiling (collars) that we will receive, instead of being exposed to the full range of price fluctuations.

In addition, we enter into derivative contracts in the form of interest rate swaps to minimize the effects of fluctuations in interest rates.

Maximize Asset Value and Cash Flow Stability Through Our Operating and Technical Expertise

We have organized the operation of our properties into defined operating regions to minimize operating costs and maximize production and capital efficiency. We maintain an inventory of drilling and optimization projects within each region to achieve organic growth from our capital development program. We seek to be the operator of our properties so that we can develop drilling programs and optimization projects that not only replace production, but add value through reserve and production growth and future operational synergies. Our development program is focused on lower-risk, repeatable drilling opportunities to maintain and/or grow cash flows. Many of the wells are completed in multiple producing zones with commingled production and long economic lives. In addition, we seek to deliver attractive financial returns by leveraging our technical expertise, experienced workforce and scalable infrastructure.

Our Ownership and Organizational Structure

We are a Delaware limited partnership formed on March 23, 2006. We completed our initial public offering in October 2006. Our general partner is BreitBurn GP, a Delaware limited liability company, also formed on March 23, 2006, and our wholly owned subsidiary since June 17, 2008. The board of directors of our General Partner has sole responsibility for conducting our business and managing our operations. We conduct our operations through a wholly owned subsidiary, BOLP, and BOLP’s general partner, BOGP. We own all of the ownership interests in BOLP and BOGP.

Our wholly owned subsidiary, BreitBurn Management, manages our assets and performs other administrative services for us such as accounting, corporate development, finance, land administration, legal and engineering.

 

 

S-8


Table of Contents

The following diagram depicts our ownership and organizational structure:

 

LOGO

 

(1) BreitBurn GP, LLC holds the general partner interest in the Partnership.

Principal Executive Offices

Our principal executive offices are located at 515 South Flower Street, Suite 4800, Los Angeles, California 90071, and our telephone number is (213) 225-5900. Our internet address is www.breitburn.com. Except for information specifically incorporated by reference into this prospectus that may be accessed from our website, the information on our website is not part of this prospectus, and you should rely only on information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus when making an investment decision.

 

 

S-9


Table of Contents

The Offering

The following is a brief summary of some of the terms of this offering, and it supersedes the corresponding summary under “Prospectus Summary – The Offering” in the accompanying prospectus. Certain of the terms described below are subject to important limitations and exceptions. See “Description of Notes” in the accompanying prospectus for a more detailed description of the terms of the notes.

 

Issuers

BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P. and BreitBurn Finance Corporation.

 

  BreitBurn Finance Corporation, a Delaware corporation, is a wholly owned subsidiary of BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P. that has been organized for the sole purpose of being a co-issuer of certain of our indebtedness, including the notes. BreitBurn Finance Corporation has no operations and no revenue other than as may be incidental to its activities as co-issuer of our indebtedness.

 

Notes Offered

$400,000,000 principal amount of 7.875% Senior Notes due 2022. The new notes are being offered as additional notes under an indenture pursuant to which we issued $250,000,000 in aggregate principal amount of our 7.875% Senior Notes due 2022 on January 13, 2012 and an additional $200,000,000 in aggregate principal amount on September 27, 2012. The new notes will have identical terms, other than the issue date and the initial interest payment date, and will constitute part of the same series as and be fungible with the outstanding notes.

 

Maturity

April 15, 2022.

 

Interest

Interest on the new notes will accrue at a rate of 7.875% per annum (calculated using a 360-day year) from October 15, 2013, the latest interest payment date on the outstanding notes.

 

  Interest on the notes is payable on April 15 and October 15 of each year, and the first interest payment for the new notes will be April 15, 2014.

 

Ranking

The notes are our senior unsecured obligations. Accordingly, they rank:

 

   

equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future senior indebtedness, including our outstanding 8.625% Senior Notes due 2020;

 

   

effectively junior in right of payment to all of our existing and future secured indebtedness, including indebtedness under our bank credit facility, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness;

 

   

structurally junior in right of payment to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities, including trade payables, of any non-guarantor subsidiaries (other than indebtedness and liabilities owed to us, if any); and

 

   

senior in right of payment to any future subordinated indebtedness.

 

 

S-10


Table of Contents
  As of September 30, 2013, on a pro forma as adjusted basis to reflect this offering and our use of proceeds therefrom and the other transactions described under “Capitalization,” the notes would be effectively junior to approximately $372.7 million of outstanding senior secured indebtedness (to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness) under our bank credit facility.

 

Subsidiary Guarantees

The notes will be jointly and severally guaranteed by all of our existing and future domestic subsidiaries (other than the co-issuer) that guarantee indebtedness under our bank credit facility, whom we refer to as “our subsidiary guarantors.” The subsidiary guarantees rank:

 

   

equally in right of payment with all of the existing and future senior indebtedness of our subsidiary guarantors, including their guarantees of our outstanding 8.625% senior notes due 2020 and our other senior indebtedness;

 

   

effectively junior in right of payment to all existing and future secured indebtedness of our subsidiary guarantors to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness;

 

   

structurally junior in right of payment to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities, including trade payables, of any non-guarantor subsidiaries (other than indebtedness and other liabilities owed to our subsidiary guarantors, if any); and

 

   

senior in right of payment to any future subordinated indebtedness of our subsidiary guarantors.

 

  As of September 30, 2013, on a pro forma as adjusted basis to reflect this offering and our use of proceeds therefrom and the other transactions described under “Capitalization,” the subsidiary guarantees would be effectively junior to approximately $372.7 million of outstanding senior secured indebtedness (to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness) under our bank credit facility.

 

Optional Redemption

We may redeem the notes, in whole or in part, at any time on or after January 15, 2017 at the redemption prices described in this prospectus under the heading “Description of Notes – Optional Redemption” in the accompanying prospectus, together with any accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption.

Prior to January 15, 2017, we may redeem the notes, in whole or in part, at a “make-whole” redemption price described under “Description of Notes – Optional Redemption” in the accompanying prospectus, together with any accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption.

 

Equity Offering Optional Redemption

Prior to January 15, 2015, we may, at any time or from time to time, redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the

 

 

S-11


Table of Contents
 

notes with the net proceeds of a public or private equity offering at 107.875% of the principal amount of the notes, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption, if at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes issued under the indenture remains outstanding after such redemption and the redemption occurs within 120 days of the date of the closing of such equity offering.

 

Change of Control

If a change of control event occurs, each holder of notes may require us to repurchase all or a portion of its notes at a price equal to 101% of the principal amount of the notes, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to the date of repurchase.

 

Certain Covenants

The indenture governing the notes contains covenants that, among other things, limit our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to:

 

   

pay distributions on, purchase or redeem our units or redeem our subordinated debt;

 

   

make investments;

 

   

incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue preferred units;

 

   

create certain liens;

 

   

sell assets;

 

   

consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of our assets;

 

   

enter into agreements that restrict distributions or other payments from our restricted subsidiaries to us;

 

   

engage in transactions with affiliates; and

 

   

create unrestricted subsidiaries.

 

  These covenants are subject to important exceptions and qualifications that are described under “Description of Notes” in the accompanying prospectus. If the notes achieve an investment grade rating from each of Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, many of these covenants will terminate.

 

Use of Proceeds

We expect to receive net proceeds of approximately $393.4 million from this offering, after deducting estimated fees and offering expenses payable by us and excluding accrued interest from October 15, 2013. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to reduce borrowings under our bank credit facility. Affiliates of certain of the underwriters are lenders under our bank credit facility, and, accordingly, will receive a substantial portion of the net proceeds of this offering. See “Use of Proceeds.”

 

 

S-12


Table of Contents

Listing for Trading

We will not list the notes for trading on any securities exchange. We can provide no assurance as to the liquidity of, or the continuance of any trading market for, the notes.

 

Further Issuances

We may from time to time create and issue additional notes having the same terms as the new notes and the outstanding notes, so that such additional notes shall be consolidated and form a single series with the previously issued notes.

 

Book Entry, Delivery and Form

The new notes will be represented by one or more global notes registered in the name of The Depository Trust Company, referred to as DTC, or its nominee. Beneficial interests in the new notes will be evidenced by, and transfers thereof will be effected only through, records maintained by participants in DTC.

 

Trustee

U.S. Bank National Association.

 

Governing Law

The notes and the indenture relating to the notes are governed by New York law.

 

Risk Factors

Investing in the notes involves risks. Please “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-16 of this prospectus supplement, page 6 of the accompanying prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference, as well as the other cautionary statements throughout this prospectus, for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in the notes.

 

Certain U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations

Please refer to the section in the accompanying prospectus entitled “Certain U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.”

 

 

S-13


Table of Contents

Summary Historical and Pro Forma Financial Data

The following table shows our summary historical financial data as of and for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 and as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012. We derived the summary historical financial data as of and for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 from our audited consolidated financial statements included in our 2012 Annual Report and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011. We derived the summary historical financial data as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 from our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended September 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012.

The summary historical financial data as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2010 is derived from financial information that we have filed with the SEC, but that is not incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

We derived the unaudited pro forma financial data for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 from the unaudited pro forma combined statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 included in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 7, 2013. The pro forma results for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 assume that the Whiting Acquisition was consummated on January 1, 2012.

The summary historical financial data table presents a non-GAAP financial measure, “Adjusted EBITDA,” which we use in our business. This measure is not calculated or presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP. We explain this measure below and reconcile it to the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income plus interest expense and other financing costs, income tax provision, depletion, depreciation and amortization, unrealized loss or gain on derivative instruments, non-cash unit-based compensation expense, loss or gain on sale of assets, cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, amortization of intangible sales contracts and amortization of intangible assets related to employment retention allowance.

We believe the presentation of Adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to investors to evaluate the operations of our business excluding certain items and for the reasons set forth below. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered an alternative to net income, operating income, cash flows from operating activities or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with GAAP. Our Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of another company, because all companies may not calculate Adjusted EBITDA in the same manner.

We use Adjusted EBITDA to assess:

 

   

the financial performance of our assets without regard to financing methods, capital structure or historical cost basis;

 

   

our operating performance and return on capital as compared to those of other companies in our industry, without regard to financing or capital structure;

 

   

the viability of acquisitions and capital expenditure projects and the overall rates of return on alternative investment opportunities; and

 

   

the ability of our assets to generate cash sufficient to pay interest costs and support our indebtedness.

 

 

S-14


Table of Contents

You should read the following summary historical financial data in connection with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in our 2012 Annual Report and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2013. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected in future periods.

 

    BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P.  
  Unaudited
Pro Forma
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
    Unaudited
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
    Year Ended December 31,  
    2013     2013     2012     2012     2011     2010  
    thousands of dollars  

Statement of Operations Data:

           

Total revenues and other income items

  $ 577,052      $ 457,310      $ 305,401      $ 422,995      $ 480,370      $ 355,348   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income

    133,784        76,131        13,587        21,700        153,809        63,743   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

  $ 60,702      $ 15,121      $ (30,405   $ (40,739   $ 110,698      $ 34,913   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance Sheet Data (at period end):

           

Cash

  $ 2,818      $ 2,818      $ 4,374      $ 4,507      $ 5,328      $ 3,630   

Other current assets

    153,762        153,762        117,973        109,158        167,492        121,674   

Net property, plant and equipment

    3,612,079        3,612,079        2,373,313        2,711,893        2,072,759        1,722,295   

Other assets

    131,797        131,797        83,320        89,936        85,270        82,568   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

  $ 3,900,456      $ 3,900,456      $ 2,578,980      $ 2,915,494      $ 2,330,849      $ 1,930,167   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Current liabilities

  $ 167,883      $ 167,883      $ 115,360      $ 115,240      $ 89,889      $ 101,317   

Long-term debt

    1,845,699        1,845,699        778,696        1,100,696        820,613        528,116   

Other long-term liabilities

    120,587        120,587        95,512        110,022        93,133        91,477   

Partners’ equity

    1,766,287        1,766,287        1,589,412        1,589,536        1,326,764        1,208,803   

Noncontrolling interest

                                450        454   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities and partners’ equity

  $ 3,900,456      $ 3,900,456      $ 2,578,980      $ 2,915,494      $ 2,330,849      $ 1,930,167   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The following table presents a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss), our most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, for each of the periods indicated.

 

    BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P.  
  Pro Forma
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
    Unaudited
Nine Months  Ended
September 30,
    Year Ended December 31,  
    2013     2013     2012(g)     2012(g)     2011(g)     2010  
    thousands of dollars  

Reconciliation of consolidated net income (loss)
to Adjusted EBITDA:

           

Net income (loss) attributable to the partnership

    $60,702      $ 15,121      $ (30,467   $ (40,801   $ 110,497      $ 34,751   

(Gain) loss on commodity derivative instruments(a)

    11,948        11,948        (1,865     (5,580     (81,667     (35,112

Commodity derivative instrument settlements(b)(c)(d)

    6,004        3,633        65,150        87,605        (16,067     74,825   

Depletion, depreciation and amortization(e)

    183,436        154,456        109,068        149,565        107,503        102,758   

Interest expense and other financing costs

    72,459        60,387        43,231        61,206        39,165        24,552   

Loss on interest rate swaps(f)

                  926        1,101        2,777        4,490   

Settlement payments on terminated derivatives

                                36,779          

(Gain) loss on sale of assets

    139        139        222        486        (111     14   

Income tax expense (benefit)

    628        628        (201     84        1,188        (204

Amortization of intangibles

                                       495   

Non-cash unit-based compensation

    14,686        14,686        16,855        22,184        22,002        20,331   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

    $350,002      $ 260,998      $ 202,919      $ 275,850      $ 222,066      $ 226,900   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(a)

The Partnership enters into certain derivative instrument contracts such as put options that require the payment of premiums at contract inception. Gain on commodity derivative instruments includes the

 

 

S-15


Table of Contents
  reduction of premium value for derivative instruments over time. The Partnership’s calculation of Adjusted EBITDA does not include premiums paid for derivative instruments at contract inception as these payments pertain to future contract settlement periods.

 

(b)

  Includes net cash settlements on derivative instruments:            

  Crude oil settlements received (paid) of:   $ (26,434)      $ (28,805   $ (846   $ 3,855      $ (70,398   $ 11,252   

  Natural gas settlements received (paid) of:   $ 32,438      $ 32,438      $ 65,996      $ 83,750      $ 54,331      $ 63,573   

(c)

  Includes premiums deferred and paid at the time of derivative contract settlements each period of:   $ 667      $ 667      $ —        $ —        $ —        $ 1,820   

(d)

  Excludes premiums paid at contract inception related to those derivative contracts that settled during the periods of:   $ 6,113      $ 6,113      $ 343      $ 859      $ —        $ —     

(e)

  Includes impairments and price-related depletion, depreciation and amortization expense adjustments of:   $ 361      $ 361      $ 539      $ 12,313      $ 648      $ 6,286   

(f)

  Includes settlements paid on interest rate derivatives of:   $ —        $ —        $ 2,273      $ 5,469      $ 3,257      $ 11,087   

(g)

  The nine months ended September 30, 2012 and the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 were conformed to exclude $14.8 million, $19.9 million and $2.9 million, respectively, related to the “Net operating cash flow from acquisitions, effective date through closing date.”     

 

 

S-16


Table of Contents

RISK FACTORS

Investing in our notes involves risk. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider the risk factors discussed or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, together with all of the other information included, or incorporated by reference, in this prospectus supplement or to which we refer you, including the risk factors and other cautionary statements described under the heading “Risk Factors” included in Item 1A of Part I of our 2012 Annual Report and in Item 1A of Part II of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2013, each of which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus. If any of these risks were to occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected. Also, please read “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.

Risks Related to Investing in the Notes

Our bank credit facility has substantial restrictions and financial covenants that may restrict our business and financing activities and our ability to make payments on the notes.

As of November 18, 2013, we had approximately $868.0 million in borrowings outstanding under our bank credit facility, after giving effect to the repayment of approximately $324.0 million of such borrowings with the net proceeds from our equity offering that closed the same day. Our bank credit facility limits the amounts we can borrow to a borrowing base amount, determined by the lenders in their sole discretion based on their valuation of our proved reserves and their internal criteria. The borrowing base is redetermined semi-annually and the available borrowing amount could be further decreased as a result of such redeterminations. Decreases in the available borrowing amount could result from declines in oil and natural gas prices, operating difficulties or increased costs, declines in reserves, lending requirements or regulations or certain other circumstances. On November 18, 2013, our borrowing base was increased from $1.5 billion to $1.6 billion, and the aggregate commitment of all lenders is currently $1.4 billion with the ability to request additional commitments up to $1.6 billion. Our bank credit facility permits us to incur or guaranty additional debt up to any amount in senior unsecured notes, and if we do incur such additional indebtedness, our borrowing base will be reduced by 25% of the original stated principal amount of such senior unsecured notes. Therefore, upon completion of, and as a result of this offering, our borrowing base will be automatically reduced by $100.0 million. Our next borrowing base redetermination is scheduled to be in April 2014.

A future decrease in our borrowing base could be substantial and could be to a level below our outstanding borrowings. Outstanding borrowings in excess of the borrowing base are required to be repaid in five equal monthly payments, or we are required to pledge other oil and natural gas properties as additional collateral, within 30 days following notice from the administrative agent of the new or adjusted borrowing base. If we do not have sufficient funds on hand for repayment, we may be required to seek a waiver or amendment from our lenders, refinance our bank credit facility or sell assets or debt or common units. We may not be able to obtain such financing or complete such transactions on terms acceptable to us, or at all. Failure to make the required repayment could result in a default under our bank credit facility, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The operating and financial restrictions and covenants in our bank credit facility restrict, and any future financing agreements likely will restrict, our ability to finance future operations or capital needs or to engage, expand or pursue our business activities or to pay distributions. Our bank credit facility restricts, and any future bank credit facility likely will restrict, our ability to:

 

   

incur indebtedness;

 

   

grant liens;

 

   

make certain acquisitions and investments;

 

   

lease equipment;

 

   

make capital expenditures above specified amounts;

 

   

redeem or prepay other debt;

 

S-17


Table of Contents
   

make distributions to unitholders or repurchase units;

 

   

enter into transactions with affiliates; and

 

   

enter into a merger, consolidation, or sale of assets.

Our bank credit facility restricts our ability to make distributions to unitholders or repurchase units, unless after giving effect to such distribution or repurchase no Event of Default (as defined in our bank credit facility) exists. While we currently are not restricted by our bank credit facility from declaring a distribution, we may be restricted from paying a distribution in the future.

We also are required to comply with certain financial covenants and ratios under our bank credit facility. Our ability to comply with these restrictions and covenants in the future is uncertain and will be affected by the levels of cash flow from our operations and events or circumstances beyond our control. In light of the deterioration of natural gas prices, our ability to comply with these covenants may be impaired. If we violate any of the restrictions, covenants, ratios or tests in our bank credit facility, a significant portion of our indebtedness may become immediately due and payable, our ability to make distributions will be inhibited and our lenders’ commitment to make further loans to us may terminate. We might not have, or be able to obtain, sufficient funds to make these accelerated payments. In addition, our obligations under our bank credit facility are secured by substantially all of our assets, and if we are unable to repay our indebtedness under our bank credit facility, the lenders can seek to foreclose on our assets.

Restrictive covenants under our indentures may adversely affect our operations.

The indentures governing the notes and our other outstanding series of senior notes contain, and any future indebtedness we incur may contain, a number of restrictive covenants that will impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us, including restrictions on our ability to, among other things:

 

   

sell assets, including equity interests in our restricted subsidiaries;

 

   

pay distributions on, redeem or repurchase our units or redeem or repurchase our subordinated debt;

 

   

make investments;

 

   

incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue preferred units;

 

   

create or incur certain liens;

 

   

enter into agreements that restrict distributions or other payments from our restricted subsidiaries to us;

 

   

consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of our assets;

 

   

engage in transactions with affiliates;

 

   

create unrestricted subsidiaries; and

 

   

engage in certain business activities.

As a result of these covenants, we are limited in the manner in which we conduct our business, and we may be unable to engage in favorable business activities or finance future operations or capital needs.

A failure to comply with the covenants in either of the indentures governing the notes or our other outstanding series of senior notes or in any future indebtedness could result in an event of default under such indenture or the future indebtedness, which, if not cured or waived, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, complying with these covenants may also cause us to take actions that are not favorable to holders of the notes and may make it more difficult for us to successfully execute our business strategy and compete against companies who are not subject to such restrictions.

 

S-18


Table of Contents

Our ability to access the capital and credit markets to raise capital on favorable terms will be affected by our debt level and by any disruptions in the capital and credit markets.

The cost of raising money in the debt and equity capital markets has increased substantially, while the availability of funds from those markets generally has diminished. Also, as a result of concerns about the stability of financial markets and the solvency of counterparties specifically, the cost of obtaining money from the credit markets generally has increased as some major financial institutions have consolidated and others may consolidate in the future, and some lenders may increase interest rates, enact tighter lending standards, refuse to refinance existing debt at maturity on favorable terms, or at all, and may reduce or cease to provide funding to borrowers.

We may not be able to generate enough cash flow to meet our debt obligations.

We expect our earnings and cash flow to vary significantly from year to year due to the cyclical nature of our industry. As a result, the amount of debt that we can manage in some periods may not be appropriate for us in other periods. Additionally, our future cash flow may be insufficient to meet our debt obligations and commitments, including the notes. Any insufficiency could negatively impact our business. A range of economic, competitive, business and industry factors will affect our future financial performance, and, as a result, our ability to generate cash flow from operations and to pay our debt, including the notes. Many of these factors, such as oil and natural gas prices, economic and financial conditions in our industry and the global economy or competitive initiatives of our competitors, are beyond our control.

If we do not generate enough cash flow from operations to satisfy our debt obligations, we may have to undertake alternative financing plans, such as:

 

   

refinancing or restructuring our debt;

 

   

selling assets;

 

   

reducing or delaying capital investments; or

 

   

seeking to raise additional capital.

However, we cannot assure you that undertaking alternative financing plans, if necessary, would allow us to meet our debt obligations. Our inability to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our debt obligations, including our obligations under the notes, or to obtain alternative financing, could materially and adversely affect our ability to make payments on the notes and our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

We distribute all of our available cash to our unitholders after reserves are established by our General Partner, and we are not required to accumulate cash for the purpose of meeting our future obligations to our noteholders, which may limit the cash available to service the notes.

Subject to the limitations on restricted payments contained in the indentures governing the notes and our other outstanding series of senior notes and in our bank credit facility, our partnership agreement requires us to distribute all of our “available cash” each quarter to our unitholders. “Available cash” is defined in our partnership agreement, and it generally means, for each fiscal quarter, all cash and cash equivalents on the date of determination of available cash for that quarter, less the amount of any cash reserves established by our General Partner to:

 

   

provide for the proper conduct of our business;

 

   

comply with applicable law, the terms of any of our debt instruments or other agreements; or

 

   

provide funds for distributions to our unitholders and to our General Partner for any one or more of the next four quarters.

As a result, we do not expect to accumulate significant amounts of cash. Depending on the timing and amount of our cash distributions, these distributions could significantly reduce the cash available to us in subsequent periods to make payments on the notes.

 

S-19


Table of Contents

The notes and the guarantees are unsecured and effectively subordinated to our and our subsidiary guarantors’ existing and future secured indebtedness.

The notes and the guarantees are our general senior unsecured obligations and rank effectively junior in right of payment to all existing and future secured debt of ours and that of each subsidiary guarantor, respectively, including obligations under our bank credit facility, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing the debt, and equally in right of payment to the $305 million in aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 8.625% senior notes due 2020 (the “2020 Senior Notes”). As of September 30, 2013, on a pro forma as adjusted basis to reflect this offering and the application of the net proceeds of this offering and the other transactions described under “Capitalization,” we estimate that we would have had approximately $372.7 million of senior secured indebtedness outstanding under our bank credit facility to which the notes will be effectively subordinated, and approximately $1,026.3 million (after deducting $1.0 million of outstanding letters of credit) of additional borrowing capacity under our bank credit facility.

If we or a subsidiary guarantor is declared bankrupt, becomes insolvent or is liquidated or reorganized, any secured debt of ours or of any subsidiary guarantor will be entitled to be paid in full from our assets or the assets of such guarantor, as applicable, securing that debt before any payment may be made with respect to the notes or the affected guarantees. Holders of the notes will participate ratably with all holders of our unsecured indebtedness that does not rank junior to the notes, including all of our other general creditors, based upon the respective amounts owed to each holder or creditor, in our remaining assets. In any of the foregoing events, we cannot assure you that there will be sufficient assets to pay amounts due on the notes. As a result, holders of the notes would likely receive less, ratably, than holders of secured indebtedness.

Not all of our subsidiaries guarantee the notes. Your right to receive payments on the notes could be adversely affected if any of our non-guarantor subsidiaries declares bankruptcy, liquidates or reorganizes.

Although all of our existing subsidiaries, other than the co-issuer and BreitBurn Collingwood Utica LLC, a Delaware limited liability company indirectly wholly owned by the Partnership (“Utica”), currently guarantee the notes, in the future, under certain circumstances, the guarantees are subject to release, and we may have other subsidiaries in the future that are not guarantors. Thus, the notes are effectively junior to the claims of all creditors, including trade creditors and tort claimants, of our subsidiaries that are not guarantors. In the event of the liquidation, dissolution, reorganization, bankruptcy or similar proceedings respecting the business of a subsidiary that is not a guarantor, creditors of that subsidiary would generally have the right to be paid in full before any distribution is made to us or the holders of the notes. Accordingly, there may not be sufficient funds remaining to pay amounts due on all or any of the notes.

Utica owns interests in certain Michigan oil and gas leases that, as of September 30, 2013, had no associated production or proved reserves and a net book value of approximately $1.1 million. Currently, Utica has no indebtedness and no revenues. We may seek to monetize Utica’s assets or its equity interests or to develop these assets either on our own or jointly with one or more other companies. In certain cases, we might be required to make significant additional investments in Utica.

Our variable rate indebtedness subjects us to interest rate risk, which could cause our debt service obligations to increase significantly.

Borrowings under our bank credit facility bear interest at variable rates and expose us to interest rate risk. If interest rates increase and we are unable to effectively hedge our interest rate risk, our debt service obligations on the variable rate indebtedness would increase even if the amount borrowed remained the same, and our net income and cash available for servicing our indebtedness would decrease. As of September 30, 2013, if the variable interest rate increases or decreases by 0.125%, our annual debt service obligations on our variable rate debt would increase or decrease by approximately $1.4 million.

 

S-20


Table of Contents

Our debt levels may limit our flexibility to obtain additional financing and pursue other business opportunities.

We have, and after this offering will continue to have, substantial indebtedness. As of September 30, 2013, on a pro forma as adjusted basis to reflect this offering and our use of proceeds therefrom and the other transactions described under “Capitalization,” we would have total long-term debt of approximately $1.5 billion.

Our existing and future indebtedness could have important consequences to us and to the holders of the notes, including:

 

   

our ability to obtain additional financing, if necessary, for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or other purposes may be impaired or such financing may not be available on terms acceptable to us;

 

   

covenants in our existing and future credit and debt arrangements will require us to meet financial tests that may affect our flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes in our business, including possible acquisition opportunities;

 

   

our access to the capital markets may be limited;

 

   

our borrowing costs may increase;

 

   

we will need a substantial portion of our cash flow to make principal and interest payments on our indebtedness, reducing the funds that would otherwise be available for operations, future business opportunities and distributions to unitholders; and

 

   

our debt level will make us more vulnerable than our competitors with less debt to competitive pressures or a downturn in our business or the economy generally.

Our ability to service our indebtedness will depend upon, among other things, our future financial and operating performance, which will be affected by prevailing economic conditions and financial, business, regulatory and other factors, some of which are beyond our control. If our operating results are not sufficient to service our current or future indebtedness, we will be forced to take actions such as reducing distributions, reducing or delaying business activities, acquisitions, investments and/or capital expenditures, selling assets, restructuring or refinancing our indebtedness, or seeking additional equity capital or bankruptcy protection. We may not be able to effect any of these remedies on satisfactory terms or at all.

Despite our and our subsidiaries’ current level of indebtedness, we may still be able to incur substantially more debt. This could further exacerbate the risks associated with our substantial indebtedness.

We and our subsidiaries may be able to incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future, subject to certain limitations, including under our bank credit facility and the indentures for the notes and our other outstanding series of senior notes. For example, as of September 30, 2013, on a pro forma as adjusted basis to reflect this offering, the application of the net proceeds of this offering and the other transactions described under “Capitalization,” we expect to be able to borrow up to approximately $1,026.3 million (after deducting $1.0 million of outstanding letters of credit) on a revolving basis under our bank credit facility. See “Description of Other Indebtedness —Bank Credit Facility.” If new debt is added to our current debt levels, the related risks that we and our subsidiaries now face could intensify. Our level of indebtedness could, for instance, prevent us from engaging in transactions that might otherwise be beneficial to us or from making desirable capital expenditures. This could put us at a competitive disadvantage relative to other less leveraged competitors that have more cash flow to devote to their operations. In addition, the incurrence of additional indebtedness could make it more difficult to satisfy our existing financial obligations, including those relating to the notes.

 

S-21


Table of Contents

We may not be able to fund a change of control offer.

In the event of a change of control, we will be required, subject to certain conditions, to offer to purchase all outstanding notes at a price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the date of purchase. The holders of our outstanding 2020 Senior Notes have substantially similar rights. If a change of control were to occur today, we would not have sufficient funds available to purchase all the outstanding notes were they to be tendered in response to an offer made as a result of a change of control. We cannot assure you that we will have sufficient funds available to fulfill these obligations upon a change of control in the future. Furthermore, any Change of Control (as defined under our bank credit facility) would constitute an event of default under our bank credit facility, and we may not be able to obtain a waiver with respect to such default from the lenders under our bank credit facility at such time. See “Description of Notes” in the accompanying prospectus.

The change of control put right might not be enforceable.

The Chancery Court of Delaware has raised the possibility in published decisions that a change of control put right occurring as a result of a failure to have “continuing directors” comprising a majority of a board of directors may be unenforceable on public policy grounds.

Many of the covenants contained in the indenture will terminate if the notes are rated investment grade by both Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s and no default or event of default has occurred and is continuing.

Many of the covenants in the indenture governing the notes will terminate if the notes are rated investment grade by both Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s, provided that at such time no default or event of default has occurred and is continuing. The covenants will restrict, among other things, our ability to pay dividends, incur debt and enter into certain other transactions. There can be no assurance that the notes will ever be rated investment grade. However, termination of these covenants would allow us to engage in certain transactions that would not have been permitted while these covenants were in force, and the effects of any such transactions will be permitted to remain in place even if the notes are subsequently downgraded below investment grade. See “Description of Notes — Certain Covenants — Covenant Termination.”

A subsidiary guarantee could be voided if it constitutes a fraudulent transfer under U.S. bankruptcy or similar state law, which would prevent the holders of the notes from relying on that subsidiary to satisfy claims.

Under U.S. bankruptcy law and comparable provisions of state fraudulent transfer laws, our subsidiary guarantees can be voided, or claims under the subsidiary guarantees may be subordinated to all other debts of that subsidiary guarantor if, among other things, the subsidiary guarantor, at the time it incurred the indebtedness evidenced by its guarantee or, in some states, when payments become due under the guarantee, received less than reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration for the incurrence of the guarantee and:

 

   

was insolvent or rendered insolvent by reason of such incurrence;

 

   

was engaged in a business or transaction for which the guarantor’s remaining assets constituted unreasonably small capital; or

 

   

intended to incur, or believed that it would incur, debts beyond its ability to pay those debts as they mature.

A subsidiary guarantee of the notes may also be voided, without regard to the above factors, if a court finds that the subsidiary guarantor entered into the guarantee with the actual intent to hinder, delay or defraud its creditors.

 

S-22


Table of Contents

A court would likely find that a subsidiary guarantor did not receive reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration for its guarantee if the subsidiary guarantor did not substantially benefit directly or indirectly from the issuance of the guarantees. If a court were to void a subsidiary guarantee, you would no longer have a claim against the subsidiary guarantor. Sufficient funds to repay the notes may not be available from other sources, including the remaining subsidiary guarantors, if any. In addition, the court might direct you to repay any amounts that you already received from the subsidiary guarantor.

The measures of insolvency for purposes of fraudulent transfer laws vary depending upon the governing law. Generally, a guarantor would be considered insolvent if:

 

   

the sum of its debts, including contingent liabilities, were greater than the fair saleable value of all its assets;

 

   

the present fair saleable value of its assets is less than the amount that would be required to pay its probable liability on its existing debts, including contingent liabilities, as they become absolute and mature; or

 

   

it could not pay its debts as they become due.

Each subsidiary guarantee contains a provision intended to limit the subsidiary guarantor’s liability to the maximum amount that it could incur without causing the incurrence of obligations under its subsidiary guarantee to be a fraudulent transfer. Such provision may not be effective to protect the subsidiary guarantees from being voided under bankruptcy law.

A financial failure by us or our subsidiaries may result in the assets of any or all of those entities becoming subject to the claims of all creditors of those entities.

A financial failure by us or our subsidiaries could affect payment of the notes if a bankruptcy court were to substantively consolidate us and our subsidiaries. If a bankruptcy court substantively consolidated us and our subsidiaries, the assets of each entity would become subject to the claims of creditors of all entities. This would expose holders of notes not only to the usual impairments arising from bankruptcy, but also to potential dilution of the amount ultimately recoverable because of the larger creditor base. Furthermore, forced restructuring of the notes could occur through the “cram-down” provisions of the bankruptcy code. Under these provisions, the notes could be restructured over your objections as to their general terms, primary interest rate and maturity.

Because we are a holding company, we are financially dependent on receiving distributions from our subsidiaries.

We are a holding company and our subsidiaries conduct all of our operations and own all of our assets. We have no significant assets other than the partnership interests, stock and other equity interests in our subsidiaries. As a result, our ability to make required payments on the notes will depend on the performance of our subsidiaries and their ability to distribute funds to us. Our rights and the rights of our creditors, including holders of the notes, to participate in the distribution of assets of any entity in which we own an equity interest will be subject to prior claims of such entity’s creditors upon such entity’s liquidation or reorganization. However, we may ourselves be a creditor with recognized claims against this entity, but our claims would still be subject to the prior claims of any secured creditor of this entity and of any holder of indebtedness of this entity that is senior to that held by us. Accordingly, a holder of our debt securities, including holders of the notes, may be deemed to be effectively subordinated to those claims.

Your ability to sell the notes may be limited by the discontinuation of a trading market.

Although the underwriters have informed us that they currently intend to continue to make a market in the notes, they are not obligated to do so. In addition, they may discontinue any such market making at any time without notice. The liquidity of any market for the notes depends on the number of holders of the notes, the interest of securities dealers in making a market in the notes and other factors. Accordingly, we cannot assure you as to the continuance or liquidity of any market for the notes. Historically, the market for

 

S-23


Table of Contents

noninvestment grade debt has been subject to disruptions that have caused substantial volatility in the prices of securities similar to the notes. We cannot assure you that any market for the notes will be free from similar disruptions. Any such disruption may adversely affect the noteholders’ ability to sell the notes.

Risks Related to Our Structure

Our tax treatment depends on our status as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes as well as our not being subject to a material amount of entity-level taxation by individual states. If the Internal Revenue Service were to treat us as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes or we were to become subject to a material amount of entity-level taxation for state purposes, then our cash available for payment of principal and interest on the notes would be substantially reduced.

Despite the fact that we are a limited partnership under Delaware law, it is possible in certain circumstances for a publicly traded partnership such as ours to be treated as a corporation rather than a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Although we do not believe based upon our current operations that we should be so treated, a change in our business or a change in current law could cause us to be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes or otherwise subject us to taxation as an entity.

If we were treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we would pay U.S. federal income tax on our taxable income at the corporate tax rates, currently at a maximum rate of 35%, and would likely pay state income tax at varying rates. Because a tax would be imposed on us as a corporation, our cash available for payment of principal and interest on the notes and our other debt obligations would be substantially reduced.

Current law or our business may change so as to cause us to be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes or otherwise subject us to entity-level taxation. At the federal level, members of the U.S. Congress, from time to time, have proposed and considered substantive changes to the federal income tax laws that affect publicly traded partnerships. One such legislative proposal would have eliminated the qualifying income exception upon which we rely for our treatment as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We are unable to predict whether any of these changes, or other proposals, will be reintroduced or will ultimately be enacted. Any such changes could negatively impact the amount of cash available for payment on the notes and on our other debt obligations. At the state level, because of widespread state budget deficits and other reasons, several states are evaluating ways to subject partnerships to entity-level taxation through the imposition of state income, franchise and other forms of taxation. Imposition of any additional tax on us by any state will reduce the cash available for payments on the notes and on our other debt obligations.

 

S-24


Table of Contents

RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES

The table below sets forth our ratio of earnings to fixed charges for the periods indicated on a consolidated historical basis. For purposes of determining the ratio of earnings to fixed charges, earnings are defined as earnings (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes, plus fixed charges. Fixed charges consist of net interest expense (inclusive of write-off of deferred financing costs and interest expense related to make-whole premium charge, less gain from termination of interest rate swap agreements) on all indebtedness, the amortization of deferred financing costs and interest associated with operating leases.

 

     BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P.  
     Year Ended December 31,     Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2013
 
     2008      2009     2010     2011     2012    

Ratio of earnings to fixed charges

     11.5x         —   (a)      —   (b)      2.6     —   (c)                   —   (d) 

 

(a) Earnings were inadequate to cover fixed charges by $141.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009.
(b) Earnings were inadequate to cover fixed charges by $2.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2010.
(c) Earnings were inadequate to cover fixed charges by $108.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2012.
(d) Earnings were inadequate to cover fixed charges by $45.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013.

 

S-25


Table of Contents

USE OF PROCEEDS

We expect to receive net proceeds of approximately $393.4 million from this offering (after deducting estimated fees and offering expenses payable by us and excluding accrued interest from October 15, 2013).

We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to reduce outstanding borrowings under our bank credit facility. As of September 30, 2013, there were outstanding borrowings of approximately $1,090 million under our bank credit facility, and as of November 18, 2013, there were outstanding borrowings of approximately $868.0 million under our bank credit facility, after giving effect to the repayment of approximately $324.0 million of such borrowings with the net proceeds from our equity offering that closed the same day. At September 30, 2013, the one-month LIBOR interest rate plus an applicable spread was 2.4306% on the one-month LIBOR portion of $1,087 million and the prime rate plus an applicable spread was 4.50% on the prime portion of $3 million.

On a pro forma as adjusted basis, as of September 30, 2013, we would have had approximately $1,026.3 million available for borrowing under our bank credit facility upon completion of this offering, after using the net proceeds of this offering and our recent equity offering to reduce our bank debt and after deducting $1.0 million of outstanding letters of credit.

We financed acquisitions in July 2013 using borrowings under our bank credit facility. On July 15, 2013, we completed the acquisition of the Whiting Assets from WOGC for a purchase price of approximately $833 million in cash, subject to post-closing adjustments. Also, in July 2013, we completed the acquisitions of additional interests in certain of the acquired assets in the Oklahoma Panhandle from other sellers for an additional $30 million, subject to customary post-closing adjustments.

In February 2013, we sold approximately 14.95 million of our common units resulting in net proceeds of $285.0 million, and on November 18, 2013, we sold 18,975 million of our common units resulting in net proceeds of $332.8 million. We used substantially all of the net proceeds from these offerings to reduce outstanding borrowings under our bank credit facility.

As of December 31, 2012, we had a $1.5 billion bank credit facility with a maturity date of May 9, 2016 and a borrowing base of $1.0 billion with a total lender commitment of $900 million. On July 15, 2013, we entered into the Ninth Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Ninth Amendment”), which provided for an increased borrowing base of $1.5 billion with a total lender commitment of $1.4 billion. The Ninth Amendment also provided for an increase in the Aggregate Maximum Credit Amount (as defined in our bank credit facility) from $1.5 billion to $3 billion, increased flexibility for the Total Leverage Ratio (which is total indebtedness to EBITDAX) for the next five quarters and a new Senior Secured Leverage Ratio (which is senior secured indebtedness to EBITDAX) that will be applied through the second quarter of 2014, absent any refinancing.

The Ninth Amendment requires us to maintain a Total Leverage Ratio as of the last day of each fiscal quarter, for the four fiscal quarters ending on such date, of no greater than 4.75 to 1.00 through the first quarter of 2014, no greater than 4.50 to 1.00 through the second quarter of 2014, no greater than 4.25 to 1.00 through the third quarter of 2014 and thereafter no greater than 4.00 to 1.00. We also are required to maintain a Senior Secured Leverage Ratio as of the last day of each fiscal quarter, for the four fiscal quarters ending on such date, of no greater than 3.00 to 1.00 through the fourth quarter of 2013 and no greater than 2.75 to 1.00 through the second quarter of 2014. The numerator of each of these ratios automatically decreases by .25 if we receive net cash proceeds from the issuance of common units in a cumulative amount of at least $175 million. Upon the receipt of net cash proceeds from the issuance of common units in a cumulative amount of at least $350 million, the numerator of the Total Leverage Ratio automatically decreases by an additional .50 (but in no event will the Total Leverage Ratio be reduced to less than 4.00 to 1.00), and the Senior Secured Leverage Ratio will cease to apply.

 

S-26


Table of Contents

On November 18, 2013, our borrowing base was increased from $1.5 billion to $1.6 billion, and the total lender commitment is currently $1.4 billion with the ability to request additional commitments of up to $1.6 billion. Our next borrowing base redetermination is scheduled for April 2014. Upon completion of, and as a result of this offering, our borrowing base will be automatically reduced by $100.0 million.

Affiliates of certain of the underwriters are lenders under our bank credit facility and accordingly will receive a substantial portion of the net proceeds from this offering pursuant to the repayment of borrowings under such bank credit facility. Please read “Underwriting — Relationships with Underwriters” in this prospectus supplement.

 

S-27


Table of Contents

CAPITALIZATION

The following table shows our cash and capitalization as of September 30, 2013:

 

   

on a historical basis;

 

   

on a pro forma basis to reflect our recent equity offering and the application of approximately $324.0 million of the net proceeds therefrom to reduce borrowings under our bank credit facility, with the $8.8 million balance being added as cash to the balance sheet; and

 

   

on a pro forma as adjusted basis to reflect the consummation of this offering and the application of the net proceeds therefrom as described in “Use of Proceeds.”

This table is unaudited and should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our historical financial statements and the related notes thereto in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 and our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periods ended March 31, 2013, June 30, 2013 and September 30, 2013, each of which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

 

     As of September 30, 2013  
     Actual      Pro
Forma
     Pro Forma,
as adjusted
 
     (in millions)  

Cash

   $ 2.8       $ 11.6       $ 11.6   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Long-term debt:

        

Bank credit facility(a)

   $ 1,090.0       $ 766.0       $ 372.7   

8.625% Senior Notes due 2020(b)

     301.5         301.5         301.5   

7.875% Senior Notes due 2022(c)

     454.2         454.2         855.2   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total long-term debt

     1,845.7         1,521.7         1,529.4   

Equity

     1,766.3         2,099.1         2,099.1   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total capitalization

   $ 3,612.0       $ 3,620.8       $ 3,628.5   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(a) As of November 18, 2013, there were outstanding borrowings of approximately $868.0 million under our bank credit facility, after giving effect to the repayment of approximately $324.0 million of such borrowings with the net proceeds from our equity offering that closed the same day.

 

(b) Net of unamortized discount of approximately $3.5 million.

 

(c) The pro forma amount includes unamortized premium of approximately $4.2 million, and the pro forma, as adjusted amount includes an additional unamortized premium of approximately $1.0 million related to this offering.

 

S-28


Table of Contents

DESCRIPTION OF OTHER INDEBTEDNESS

Bank Credit Facility

BOLP, as borrower, and we and our wholly owned subsidiaries, as guarantors, are parties to a $3.0 billion bank credit facility with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto. On November 18, 2013, our borrowing base under this facility was increased from $1.5 billion to $1.6 billion, and the total lender commitment is currently $1.4 billion with the ability to request additional commitments of up to $1.6 billion. Upon completion of, and as a result of this offering, our borrowing base will be automatically reduced by $100.0 million. Our next borrowing base redetermination is scheduled to be in April 2014.

The bank credit facility will mature on May 9, 2016.

Our bank credit facility contains customary covenants, including restrictions on our ability to: incur additional indebtedness; make certain investments, loans or advances; make distributions to our unitholders or repurchase units, unless after giving effect to such distribution or repurchase, we remain in compliance with all terms and conditions of our bank credit facility; make dispositions; or enter into a merger or sale of all or substantially all of our property or assets, including the sale or transfer of interests in our subsidiaries.

In July 2013, we entered into the Ninth Amendment. The Ninth Amendment requires us to maintain a Total Leverage Ratio (which is total indebtedness to EBITDAX) as of the last day of each fiscal quarter, for the four fiscal quarters ending on such date, of no greater than 4.75 to 1.00 through the first quarter of 2014, no greater than 4.50 to 1.00 through the second quarter of 2014, no greater than 4.25 to 1.00 through the third quarter of 2014 and thereafter no greater than 4.00 to 1.00. We also are required to maintain a Senior Secured Leverage Ratio (which is senior secured indebtedness to EBITDAX) as of the last day of each fiscal quarter, for the four fiscal quarters ending on such date, of no greater than 3.00 to 1.00 through the fourth quarter of 2013 and no greater than 2.75 to 1.00 through the second quarter of 2014. The numerator of each of these ratios automatically decreases by .25 if we receive net cash proceeds from the issuance of common units in a cumulative amount of at least $175 million. Upon the receipt of net cash proceeds from the issuance of common units in a cumulative amount of at least $350 million, the numerator of the Total Leverage Ratio automatically decreases by an additional .50 (but in no event will the Total Leverage Ratio be reduced to less than 4.00 to 1.00), and the Senior Secured Leverage Ratio will cease to apply.

The bank credit facility permits us to incur additional indebtedness in the form of senior unsecured notes up to any amount and provide guaranties with respect thereto, and if we do incur such additional indebtedness, on the date such senior unsecured notes are issued, our borrowing base will be reduced by 25% of the original stated principal amount of such senior unsecured notes. Upon completion of, and as a result of, this offering, we will have approximately $1.2 billion of senior unsecured notes outstanding, and our borrowing base will be automatically reduced by $100.0 million. The bank credit facility also permits us to modify or terminate derivative contracts without obtaining the consent of the lenders in the facility, provided that the net effect of such termination plus the aggregate value of all dispositions of oil and gas properties made during such period, together, does not exceed 5% of the borrowing base then in effect, and the borrowing base will be automatically reduced by an amount equal to the net effect of the modification or termination.

The events that constitute an Event of Default (as defined in the bank credit facility) include: payment defaults; misrepresentations; breach of covenants; cross-default and cross-acceleration to certain other indebtedness in excess of a specified amount; adverse judgments against us in excess of a specified amount; change in control; loss of material permits; certain insolvency events; and assertion of certain environmental claims.

We expect to repay a portion of our outstanding borrowings under the bank credit facility with the net proceeds of this offering. See “Use of Proceeds.”

 

S-29


Table of Contents

8.625% Senior Notes due 2020

On October 6, 2010, we issued $305 million in aggregate principal amount of 8.625% Senior Notes due 2020. We issued the 2020 Senior Notes for net proceeds of approximately $291.2 million, after deducting fees and offering expenses payable by us. The 2020 Senior Notes were offered at a discount price of 98.358%, or $300 million. The $5 million discount is being amortized over the life of the 2020 Senior Notes. Interest on the 2020 Senior Notes is payable twice a year in April and October. The 2020 Notes mature on October 15, 2020.

We may redeem all or part of the 2020 Senior Notes at any time on or after October 15, 2015, at redemption prices beginning at 104.313% and decreasing to par on October 15, 2018, together with any accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption. In addition, before October 15, 2013, we may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2020 Senior Notes with the net cash proceeds of certain equity offerings at a redemption price of 108.625% of the principal amount of the notes, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption. At any time prior to October 15, 2015, we may also redeem the 2020 Senior Notes, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2020 Senior Notes plus a “make-whole” premium, together with any accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption. If we undergo a change of control, we may be required to offer to purchase the 2020 Senior Notes from holders at a price of 101% of the principal amount of the notes, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to the date of repurchase.

 

S-30


Table of Contents

UNDERWRITING

Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, Barclays Capital Inc., BMO Capital Markets Corp., J.P. Morgan Securities LLC and Mitsubishi UFJ Securities (USA), Inc. are acting as joint book-running managers of the underwritten offering and representatives of the underwriters named below. Subject to the terms and conditions stated in the underwriting agreement, each underwriter named below has agreed to purchase severally and not jointly, and we have agreed to sell to that underwriter, the principal amount of new notes set forth opposite the underwriter’s name.

 

Underwriter

   Principal
amount of
new notes
 

Wells Fargo Securities, LLC

   $ 100,000,000   

Barclays Capital Inc.

     33,000,000   

BMO Capital Markets Corp.

     33,000,000   

J.P. Morgan Securities LLC

     33,000,000   

Mitsubishi UFJ Securities (USA), Inc.

     33,000,000   

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.

     16,000,000   

Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC

     16,000,000   

RBC Capital Markets, LLC

     16,000,000   

BBVA Securities Inc.

     12,000,000   

Comerica Securities, Inc.

     12,000,000   

Global Hunter Securities, LLC

     12,000,000   

RBS Securities Inc.

     12,000,000   

Santander Investment Securities Inc.

     12,000,000   

Scotia Capital (USA) Inc.

     12,000,000   

SMBC Nikko Securities America, Inc.

     12,000,000   

SunTrust Robinson Humphrey, Inc.

     12,000,000   

TD Securities (USA) LLC

     12,000,000   

U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc.

     12,000,000   
  

 

 

 

Total

   $ 400,000,000   
  

 

 

 

The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the new notes included in this offering are subject to approval of legal matters by counsel and to other conditions. The underwriters are obligated to purchase all of the new notes if they purchase any of the new notes.

The underwriters propose to offer the new notes initially at the public offering price listed on the cover page of this prospectus supplement and may offer the new notes to certain dealers at that price less a concession not in excess of 0.375% of the principal amount per new note. After the initial offering of the new notes to the public, the public offering price and other selling terms to dealers may be changed. All compensation received by the underwriters in connection with this offering will not exceed 8% of the gross offering proceeds.

We estimate that our total expenses of this offering, excluding the underwriting discounts, will be approximately $650,000.

In connection with this offering and in compliance with applicable law, the underwriters may engage in over-allotment, stabilizing and syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act.

 

   

Over-allotment involves syndicate sales in excess of the offering size, which creates a syndicate short position.

 

   

The underwriters may also effect transactions which stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the market price of the notes at levels above those which might otherwise prevail in the open market.

 

S-31


Table of Contents
 

Such transactions may include placing bids for the notes or effecting purchases of the notes for the purpose of pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of the notes.

 

   

Syndicate covering transactions involve purchases of the notes in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover syndicate short positions.

 

   

Penalty bids permit the representatives of the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member when the notes sold by that syndicate member are purchased in a syndicate covering transaction to cover syndicate short positions.

These stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids may have the effect of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the notes. They may also cause the price of the notes to be higher than it would otherwise be in the absence of these transactions. These transactions may be effected in the over-the-counter market or otherwise. The underwriters are not required to engage in any of these activities and such activities, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.

Neither we nor any of the underwriters makes any representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above may have on the price of the notes. In addition, neither we nor any of the underwriters makes any representation that the underwriters will engage in such transactions or that such transactions, once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.

We and the underwriters are offering to sell the new notes, and seeking offers to buy the new notes, only in jurisdictions where such offers and sales are permitted.

The outstanding notes were first issued in January 2012 as new securities. The notes will not be listed on any securities exchange or included in any automated quotation system. The underwriters have advised us that, following completion of the offering of the new notes, they intend to continue to make a market in the notes, as permitted by applicable law. They are not obligated, however, to make a market in the notes, and may discontinue any market-making activities at any time without notice, in their sole discretion. If any of the underwriters ceases to act as a market-maker for the notes for any reason, there can be no assurance that another firm or person will make a market in the notes. Accordingly, we cannot assure you as to the continuance or liquidity of any market for these notes.

We and certain of our affiliates have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make because of any of these liabilities.

Relationships with Underwriters

In the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and certain of their affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers, and such investment and securities activities may involve securities and/or instruments of the issuer or its affiliates. If the underwriters or their affiliates have a lending relationship with us, certain of those underwriters or their affiliates routinely hedge, and certain other of the underwriters or their affiliates may hedge, their credit exposure to us consistent with their customary risk management policies. Typically, the underwriters and their affiliates would hedge such exposure by

 

S-32


Table of Contents

entering into transactions which consist of either the purchase of credit default swaps or the creation of short positions in our securities or the securities of our affiliates, including potentially the notes offered hereby. Any such credit default swaps or short positions could adversely affect future trading prices of the notes offered hereby. The underwriters and certain of their affiliates may also communicate independent investment recommendations, market color or trading ideas and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short positions in such securities and instruments.

The underwriters and their affiliates have performed investment and commercial banking and advisory services for us and our affiliates from time to time for which they have received customary fees and expenses. The underwriters and their affiliates may, from time to time, engage in transactions with and perform services for us in the ordinary course of their business. As described in “Use of Proceeds,” all of the net proceeds of this offering will be used to repay borrowings under our bank credit facility. Because affiliates of all of the underwriters, except Global Hunter Securities, LLC, are lenders under our bank credit facility, these underwriters or their affiliates will receive a substantial portion of the proceeds of this offering (not including underwriting discounts) pursuant to the repayment of borrowings thereunder. In addition, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association serves as the administrative agent under our bank credit facility and certain other affiliates of the underwriters serve additional roles under that facility, such as co-documentation agent and co-syndication agent, for which they have received customary fees and reimbursement of expenses. Nonetheless, in accordance with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority Rule 5121, the appointment of a qualified independent underwriter is not necessary in connection with this offering because the notes offered hereby are interests in a direct participation program. Additionally, the trustee under the indenture is an affiliate of U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc.

Notice to Investors

United Kingdom

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus have not been approved by an authorized person for the purposes of section 21 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (“FSMA”) and are, accordingly, only being distributed in the United Kingdom to, and are only directed at (i) investment professionals falling within the description of persons in Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005, as amended (the “Financial Promotion Order”); or (ii) high net worth companies and other persons falling within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Financial Promotion Order; or (iii) to any other person to whom they may otherwise lawfully be communicated or made in accordance with the Financial Promotion Order (all such persons together being referred to as “relevant persons”).

The new notes are only available to, and any invitation, offer or agreement to subscribe, purchase or otherwise acquire new notes will be engaged in only with, relevant persons. Any person who is not a relevant person should not act or rely on this document or any of its contents.

An invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of Section 21 of FSMA) in connection with the issue or sale of any new notes which are the subject of the offering contemplated by this prospectus will only be communicated or caused to be communicated in circumstances in which Section 21(1) of FSMA does not apply to the Issuer or the Subsidiary Guarantors.

European Economic Area

In relation to each member state of the European Economic Area that has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a relevant member state), with effect from and including the date on which the Prospectus Directive is implemented in that relevant member state (the relevant implementation date), an offer of securities described in this prospectus may not be made to the public in that relevant member state other than:

 

   

to any legal entity which is a qualified investor as defined in the Prospectus Directive;

 

S-33


Table of Contents
   

to fewer than 100 or, if the relevant member state has implemented the relevant provision of the 2010 PD Amending Directive, 150, natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined in the Prospectus Directive), as permitted under the Prospectus Directive, subject to obtaining the prior consent of the representatives; or

 

   

in any other circumstances falling within Article 3(2) of the Prospectus Directive;

provided that no such offer of securities shall require us or any underwriter to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive.

For purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer of securities to the public” in any relevant member state means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the securities to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for the securities, as the expression may be varied in that member state by any measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in that member state, and the expression “Prospectus Directive” means Directive 2003/71/EC (and amendments thereto, including the 2010 PD Amending Directive, to the extent implemented in the relevant member state), and includes any relevant implementing measure in each relevant member state. The expression “2010 PD Amending Directive” means Directive 2010/73/EU.

We and the underwriters have not and will not authorize the making of any offer of securities through any financial intermediary on our or their behalf, other than offers made by the underwriters with a view to the final placement of the securities as contemplated in this prospectus. Accordingly, no purchaser of the securities, other than the underwriters, is authorized to make any further offer of the securities on behalf of us or the underwriters.

 

S-34


Table of Contents

LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the notes offered by this prospectus supplement will be passed on by Vinson & Elkins L.L.P. Certain legal matters in connection with the notes offered hereby will be passed upon for the underwriters by Baker Botts L.L.P., Houston, Texas.

Members of Vinson & Elkins L.L.P. involved in this offering beneficially own approximately 4,000 common units representing limited partner interests in us.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting (which is included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting) incorporated in this prospectus by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K/A dated August 23, 2013, of BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P. for the year ended December 31, 2012 have been so incorporated in reliance on the report, which contains an explanatory paragraph on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting due to the exclusion from management’s assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012 of the oil and natural gas properties acquired from American Energy Operations, Inc., CrownRock, L.P., Lynden USA Inc., and Piedra Energy I, LLC of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

The audited Statement of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses for the year ended December 31, 2011 relating to the assets acquired pursuant to the November 21, 2012 Contribution Agreement with American Energy Operations, Inc., included as Exhibit 99.2 in BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 6, 2012, has been so incorporated by reference in this prospectus in reliance on the report of Hutchinson and Bloodgood, LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

The statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of certain oil and gas producing properties and the related gathering and processing assets located in the Postle and Northeast Hardesty fields in Texas County, Oklahoma of Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Whiting Petroleum Corporation, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012, incorporated in this Prospectus by reference from BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P.’s Current Report on Form 8-K/A dated August 29, 2013, have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent auditors, as stated in their report incorporated herein by reference, and are incorporated in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

With respect to the unaudited interim financial information for the periods ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, which is incorporated herein by reference, Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent auditors, have applied limited procedures in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America for a review of such information. However, as stated in their report included in BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P.’s Current Report on Form 8-K/A dated August 29, 2013 and incorporated by reference herein, they did not audit and they do not express an opinion on that interim financial information. Accordingly, the degree of reliance on their report on such information should be restricted in light of the limited nature of the review procedures applied. Deloitte & Touche LLP is not subject to the liability provisions of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933 for their report on the unaudited interim financial information because that report is not a “report” or a “part” of the Registration Statement prepared or certified by an accountant within the meaning of Sections 7 and 11 of the Securities Act of 1933.

The information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, including the information included or incorporated by reference in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P. for the year ended December 31, 2012, concerning estimates of our oil and gas reserves was prepared by Netherland, Sewell & Associates, Inc. and Schlumberger Technology Corporation, independent engineering firms, and has been included herein upon the authority of each such firm as experts.

 

S-35


Table of Contents

PROSPECTUS

LOGO

BREITBURN ENERGY PARTNERS L.P.

BREITBURN FINANCE CORPORATION

7.875% Senior Notes due 2022

We may offer, from time to time, additional amounts of our existing 7.875% Senior Notes due 2022, which we sometimes call the “original notes” or the “existing notes.” Any additional notes will be issued under the indenture pursuant to which we issued the original notes on January 13, 2012. Further, any additional notes that we may issue will be treated as a single class with the original notes for all purposes under the indenture, including waivers, amendments, redemptions and offers to purchase. We sometimes refer to the original notes and the additional notes collectively as the “notes.”

The notes will mature April 15, 2022 and will pay interest semi-annually in cash in arrears on April 15 and October 15. The notes will be our senior unsecured obligations and will rank equal in right of payment with all of our existing and future senior indebtedness and senior in right of payment to any future subordinated indebtedness. The notes will be guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by all of our existing and future domestic subsidiaries (other than the co-issuer) that guarantee indebtedness under our bank credit facility. The guarantees will rank equal in right of payment with all of the existing and future senior indebtedness of our subsidiary guarantors. The notes and guarantees will be effectively subordinated in right of payment to any existing or future secured indebtedness, including indebtedness under our bank credit facility, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness.

We may redeem all or part of the notes at any time on or after January 15, 2017. In addition, before January 15, 2015, we may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes with the net cash proceeds of certain equity offerings. At any time prior to January 15, 2017, we may also redeem the notes, in whole or in part, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes plus a “make-whole” premium. If we undergo a change of control, we may be required to offer to purchase the notes from the holders. Redemption and repurchase prices are set forth under “Description of Notes — Optional Redemption” and “— Repurchase at the Option of Holders.”

We may offer and sell additional notes to or through one or more underwriters, dealers and agents on a continuous or delayed basis. This prospectus generally describes the terms of the notes; however, the principal amount of any additional notes that we may offer, together with their offering price and initial interest payment date and the specific manner in which we will offer them, will be included in a supplement to this prospectus relating to that offering.

You should carefully read this prospectus and any prospectus supplement before you invest. You also should read the documents we have referred you to in the “Where You Can Find More Information” section of this prospectus for information on us and our financial statements. This prospectus may not be used to consummate sales of notes unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

Investing in our notes involves risks. Limited partnerships are inherently different from corporations. You should carefully consider each of the risk factors described under “Risk Factors” beginning on page 6 of this prospectus and in the applicable prospectus supplement and in the documents incorporated herein and therein before you make an investment in our notes.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any other states securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The date of this prospectus is May 18, 2012.


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

     ii   

ABOUT BREITBURN ENERGY PARTNERS L.P. AND BREITBURN FINANCE CORPORATION

     ii   

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

     iii   

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

     iv   

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

     1   

RISK FACTORS

     6   

USE OF PROCEEDS

     14   

RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES

     14   

DESCRIPTION OF NOTES

     15   

CERTAIN U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

     62   

LEGAL MATTERS

     67   

EXPERTS

     67   

 

 

You should rely only on the information contained in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus and any prospectus supplement. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with additional or different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. This prospectus and any prospectus supplement are not an offer to sell, nor a solicitation of an offer to buy, these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front cover of this prospectus, or that the information contained in any document incorporated by reference is accurate as of any date other than the date of the document incorporated by reference, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of a security.

 

i


Table of Contents

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we and BreitBurn Finance Corporation have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or “SEC,” utilizing a “shelf” registration process or continuous offering process. Under this shelf registration process, we may, from time to time, sell the notes described in this prospectus in one or more offerings. Each time we offer the notes, we will provide you with this prospectus and a prospectus supplement that will describe, among other things, the specific terms of the offering, including the principal amount of the notes, their offering price and the initial interest payment date on the notes.

The prospectus supplement may include additional risk factors or other special considerations applicable to the notes and may also add, update or change information in this prospectus. Additional information, including our financial statements and the notes thereto, is incorporated in this prospectus by reference to our reports filed with the SEC. Please read “Where You Can Find More Information.” You are urged to read this prospectus and any prospectus supplements relating to the notes offered to you, together with the additional information described under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information,” carefully before investing in our notes. To the extent information in this prospectus is inconsistent with information contained in a prospectus supplement, you should rely on the information in the prospectus supplement.

The following information should help you understand some of the conventions used in this prospectus:

 

   

Except as indicated in “Description of Notes,” the “Partnership,” “we,” “our,” “us” or like terms mean BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P. and its subsidiaries.

 

   

References to “BreitBurn GP,” “the general partner” or “our general partner” refer to BreitBurn GP, LLC, the general partner of the Partnership and our wholly owned subsidiary.

 

   

References to “BreitBurn Management” refer to BreitBurn Management Company, LLC, our wholly owned subsidiary.

 

   

References to “BreitBurn Operating” refer to BreitBurn Operating L.P., our wholly owned subsidiary.

ABOUT BREITBURN ENERGY PARTNERS L.P. AND BREITBURN FINANCE CORPORATION

We are an independent oil and gas partnership focused on the acquisition, exploitation and development of oil and gas properties in the United States.

BreitBurn Finance Corporation, a Delaware corporation, is a wholly owned subsidiary of BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P. that has been organized for the sole purpose of being a co-issuer of certain of our indebtedness, including the notes. BreitBurn Finance Corporation has no operations and no revenue other than as may be incidental to its activities as co-issuer of our indebtedness.

Our principal executive offices are located at 515 South Flower Street, Suite 4800, Los Angeles, California 90071, and our telephone number is (213) 225-5900. Our website is located at http://www.breitburn.com. We make our periodic reports and other information filed with or furnished to the SEC available free of charge through our website as soon as reasonably practicable. Information on our website or any other website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus and does not constitute a part of this prospectus unless specifically so designated and filed with the SEC.

For additional information as to our business, properties and financial condition, please refer to the documents cited in “Where You Can Find More Information.”

 

ii


Table of Contents

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We are required to file annual, quarterly and current reports and other information with the SEC. You may read and copy any documents filed by us at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the Public Reference Room. The SEC maintains an internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding us. The SEC’s web site is at http://www.sec.gov.

We also make available free of charge on our internet website at http://www.breitburn.com all of the documents that we file with or furnish to the SEC as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with the SEC. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you should not consider information contained on our website as part of this prospectus unless specifically so designated and filed with the SEC.

We “incorporate by reference” information into this prospectus, which means that we disclose important information to you by referring you to another document filed separately with the SEC. The information incorporated by reference is deemed to be part of this prospectus, except for any information superseded by information contained expressly in this prospectus, and the information we file later with the SEC will automatically supersede this information. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus is current as of any date other than the date on the front page of this prospectus.

We incorporate by reference in this prospectus the documents listed below that we have previously filed with the SEC:

 

   

Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed on February 29, 2012;

 

   

Our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2012 filed on May 8, 2012; and

 

   

Our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed on October 7, 2011, January 10, 2012, January 13, 2012, February 2, 2012, February 8, 2012, February 28, 2012, April 27, 2012, May 7, 2012, May 9, 2012 and May 11, 2012 and our Current Reports on Form 8-K/A filed on November 29, 2011 and March 27, 2012 (excluding any information furnished pursuant to Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 on any Current Report on Form 8-K).

In addition, we incorporate by reference in this prospectus any future filings made by BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P. with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) (excluding any information furnished pursuant to Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 on any Current Report on Form 8-K), after the date on which the registration statement that includes this prospectus was initially filed with the SEC and until all offerings under this shelf registration statement are terminated.

You may request a copy of any document incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any exhibit specifically incorporated by reference in those documents, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the following address or phone number:

BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P.

515 South Flower Street, Suite 4800

Los Angeles, California 90071

Attention: Gregory C. Brown, Esq.

Executive Vice President and General Counsel

Tel: (213) 225-5900

 

iii


Table of Contents

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Statements included in this prospectus that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements. These statements may be identified by words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “could,” “will,” “recommends” and words of similar meaning. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond our control and are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in such forward-looking statements. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this prospectus. Examples of these types of statements include those regarding:

 

   

estimates of oil and gas reserves recoverable in future years and related future net cash flows;

 

   

our outlook on oil and natural gas prices;

 

   

our outlook on the current financial markets and our ability to access the capital markets to fund capital and other expenditures;

 

   

the amount, nature and timing of capital expenditures and the availability of capital resources to fund capital expenditures;

 

   

our assessment of our counterparty risks and the ability of our counterparties to perform their future obligations;

 

   

the impact of political and regulatory inquiry;

 

   

assessments of hydrocarbon formations and potential resources;

 

   

exploitation, exploration, development and other plans for future operations, including the scope and cost of drilling and other operations;

 

   

production rates, timing and costs and sales volumes and prices;

 

   

revenues, earnings, cash flows, liabilities, capital expenditures, interest rates and other financial measures;

 

   

access to capital and anticipated liquidity;

 

   

the amount and timing of environmental and other contingent liabilities;

 

   

future or recommended cash distributions to unitholders; and

 

   

other statements regarding future events, conditions or outcomes.

Although these statements are based upon our current expectations and beliefs, they are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results and outcomes to differ materially from those described in, or implied by, the forward-looking statements. In that event, our business, financial condition, results of operations or liquidity could be materially adversely affected, and investors in our securities could lose part or all of their investment. These risks and uncertainties include, among other things, the following:

 

   

inaccuracies in the estimated timing and amount of future production of oil and natural gas due to numerous factors, including permit delays or restrictions, weather, equipment failures, delays or lack of availability, unexpected subsurface or geologic conditions, lack of capital, increases in the costs of rented or contracted equipment, increases in labor costs, volumes of oil or gas greater or less than anticipated and changes in applicable regulations and laws;

 

   

unexpected problems with wells or other equipment, particularly in our Florida properties where production is concentrated in relatively few wells;

 

   

unexpected changes in operating costs and other expenses, including utilities, labor, transportation, well and oil field services, taxes, permit fees, regulatory compliance and other costs of operation;

 

iv


Table of Contents
   

decreases in oil and natural gas prices, including price discounts and basis differentials;

 

   

difficulties in accurately estimating the discovery, volumes, development potential and replacement of oil and natural gas reserves;

 

   

the impact of the current weak economic conditions on our business operations, financial condition and ability to raise capital;

 

   

variances in cash flow, liquidity and financial position;

 

   

a significant reduction in our borrowing base under our bank credit facility;

 

   

availability of funds from the capital markets and under our bank credit facility;

 

   

our level of indebtedness;

 

   

the ability of financial counterparties to perform or fulfill their obligations under existing agreements;

 

   

a write-down of our asset carrying values and oil and gas property impairment;

 

   

the discovery of previously unknown environmental issues;

 

   

changes in our business and financial strategy;

 

   

inaccuracies in estimating the amount, nature and timing of capital expenditures, including future development costs;

 

   

the inability to predict the availability and terms of capital;

 

   

issues with marketing of oil and natural gas, including lack of access to markets, changes in pipeline and transportation tariffs and costs, increases in minimum sales quality standards for oil or natural gas, changes in the supply-demand status of oil or gas in a given market area and the introduction of increased quantities of oil or natural gas into a given area due to new discoveries or new delivery systems;

 

   

the impact of weather limiting or damaging operations and the occurrence of natural disasters such as fires, floods, hurricanes, earthquakes and other catastrophic events and natural disasters;

 

   

the competitiveness of alternate energy sources or product substitutes;

 

   

technological developments;

 

   

changes in governmental regulation or taxation of the oil and natural gas industry, including changes potentially leading to increased costs and limited development opportunities;

 

   

changes in governmental regulation of derivatives;

 

   

developments in oil-producing and natural gas-producing countries potentially having significant effects on the price of oil and gas;

 

   

the effects of changed accounting rules under generally accepted accounting principles promulgated by rule-setting bodies;

 

   

the inability to execute strategic plans, expectations and objectives for future operations;

 

   

the inability to realize the expected financial or strategic goals of acquisitions; and

 

   

other factors described under the heading “Risk Factors” in this prospectus.

If one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or if underlying assumptions prove incorrect, our actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, estimated, projected or expected. When considering these forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the risk factors and other cautionary statements described under the heading “Risk Factors” included elsewhere in this prospectus, in our most recent Annual

 

v


Table of Contents

Report on Form 10-K, including any amendments thereto, and, to the extent applicable, in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K, as amended. The risk factors and other factors included in this prospectus could cause our actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

All forward-looking statements, expressed or implied, included in this prospectus and attributable to us are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement. This cautionary statement should also be considered in connection with any subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements that we or persons acting on our behalf may issue.

We undertake no obligation to publicly update the forward-looking statements in this prospectus to reflect future events or circumstances. All such statements are expressly qualified by this cautionary statement.

 

vi


Table of Contents

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

This summary highlights information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. It does not contain all of the information that you should consider before making an investment decision. You should carefully read this entire prospectus, together with the related prospectus supplement and the information incorporated by reference in this prospectus for a more complete understanding of our business and terms of the notes, as well as the tax and other considerations that are important to you, before making an investment decision. You should pay special attention to the “Risk Factors” section beginning on page 6 of this prospectus and the risk factors described under the heading “Risk Factors” included in Item 1A of Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, and, if applicable, in Item 1A of Part II of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and in our Current Reports on Form 8-K, each of which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The estimates of our proved oil and natural gas reserves at December 31, 2011 included in this prospectus are based upon the reports of Netherland, Sewell & Associates, Inc. and Schlumberger Data & Consulting Services, independent petroleum engineering firms.

BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P.

We are an independent oil and gas partnership focused on the acquisition, exploitation and development of oil and gas properties in the United States.

Our Ownership and Organizational Structure

We are a Delaware limited partnership formed on March 23, 2006. We completed our initial public offering in October 2006. Our general partner is BreitBurn GP, a Delaware limited liability company, also formed on March 23, 2006, and our wholly owned subsidiary since June 17, 2008. The board of directors of our General Partner has sole responsibility for conducting our business and managing our operations. We conduct our operations through a wholly owned subsidiary, BreitBurn Operating L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“BOLP”), and BOLP’s general partner, BreitBurn Operating GP, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“BOGP”). We own all of the ownership interests in BOLP and BOGP.

Our wholly owned subsidiary, BreitBurn Management, manages our assets and performs other administrative services for us such as accounting, corporate development, finance, land administration, legal and engineering.

 

 

1


Table of Contents

The following diagram depicts our organizational structure as of March 31, 2012:

 

LOGO

Principal Executive Offices

Our principal executive offices are located at 515 South Flower Street, Suite 4800, Los Angeles, California 90071, and our telephone number is (213) 225-5900. Our website is located at http://www.breitburn.com. Except for information specifically incorporated by reference into this prospectus that may be accessed from our website, the information on our website is not part of this prospectus, and you should rely only on information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus when making an investment decision.

 

 

2


Table of Contents

The Offering

The following is a brief summary of some of the terms of the notes. Certain of the terms described below are subject to important limitations and exceptions. See “Description of Notes” for a more detailed description of the terms of the notes.

 

Issuers

BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P. and BreitBurn Finance Corporation.

 

  BreitBurn Finance Corporation, a Delaware corporation, is a wholly owned subsidiary of BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P. that has been organized for the sole purpose of being a co-issuer of certain of our indebtedness, including the notes. BreitBurn Finance Corporation has no operations and no revenue other than as may be incidental to its activities as co-issuer of our indebtedness.

 

Notes Offered

The notes being offered by this prospectus are additional debt securities under an indenture pursuant to which we have previously issued $250,000,000 million in aggregate principal amount of our 7.875% Senior Notes due 2022. The principal amount of any additional notes we issue will be specified in the prospectus supplement relating to that offering. The additional notes and the original notes issued on January 13, 2012 will be treated as a single class of debt securities under the indenture.

 

Maturity

April 15, 2022.

 

Interest

Interest on the additional notes will accrue at a rate of 7.875% per annum (calculated using a 360-day year).

 

  Interest on the additional notes will be payable on April 15 and October 15 of each year, beginning on April 15, 2012, and will accrue from the issue date of the additional notes.

 

Ranking

The additional notes will be our senior unsecured obligations. Accordingly, they will rank:

 

   

equal in right of payment with all of our existing and future senior indebtedness, including our outstanding 8.625% Senior Notes due 2020;

 

   

effectively junior in right of payment to all of our existing and future secured indebtedness, including indebtedness under our bank credit facility, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness;

 

   

structurally junior in right of payment to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities, including trade payables, of any non-guarantor subsidiaries (other than indebtedness and liabilities owed to us, if any); and

 

   

senior in right of payment to any future subordinated indebtedness.

 

 

3


Table of Contents

Subsidiary Guarantees

The additional notes will be jointly and severally guaranteed by all of our existing and future domestic subsidiaries (other than the co-issuer) that guarantee indebtedness under our bank credit facility, who we refer to as “our subsidiary guarantors.” The subsidiary guarantees will rank:

 

   

equal in right of payment with all of the existing and future senior indebtedness of our subsidiary guarantors, including their guarantees of our outstanding 8.625% Senior Notes due 2020 and our other senior indebtedness;

 

   

effectively junior in right of payment to all existing and future secured indebtedness of our subsidiary guarantors to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness;

 

   

structurally junior in right of payment to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities, including trade payables, of any non-guarantor subsidiaries (other than indebtedness and other liabilities owed to our subsidiary guarantors, if any); and

 

   

senior in right of payment to any future subordinated indebtedness of our subsidiary guarantors.

 

Optional Redemption

We will have the option to redeem the additional notes, in whole or in part, at any time on or after January 15, 2017 at the redemption prices described in this prospectus under the heading “Description of Notes — Optional Redemption,” together with any accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption.

 

  Prior to January 15, 2017, we may redeem the notes, in whole or in part, at a “make-whole” redemption price described under “Description of Notes — Optional Redemption,” together with any accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption.

 

Equity Offering Optional Redemption

Prior to January 15, 2015, we may, at any time or from time to time, redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes with the net proceeds of a public or private equity offering at 107.875% of the principal amount of the notes, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption, if at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes issued under the indenture remains outstanding after such redemption and the redemption occurs within 120 days of the date of the closing of such equity offering.

 

Change of Control

If a change of control event occurs, each holder of additional notes may require us to repurchase all or a portion of its notes at a price equal to 101% of the principal amount of the notes, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to the date of repurchase.

 

Certain Covenants

The indenture governing the additional notes will contain covenants that, among other things, will limit our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to:

 

   

pay distributions on, purchase or redeem our units or redeem our subordinated debt;

 

 

4


Table of Contents
   

make investments;

 

   

incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue preferred units;

 

   

create certain liens;

 

   

sell assets;

 

   

consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of our assets;

 

   

enter into agreements that restrict distributions or other payments from our restricted subsidiaries to us;

 

   

engage in transactions with affiliates; and

 

   

create unrestricted subsidiaries.

 

  These covenants are subject to important exceptions and qualifications that are described under “Description of Notes.”

 

  If the notes achieve an investment grade rating from each of Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, many of these covenants will terminate.

 

Risk Factors

See “Risk Factors” for a discussion of certain factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in the notes.

 

 

5


Table of Contents

RISK FACTORS

Investing in our notes involves risk. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider the following risk factors and all of the other information included, or incorporated by reference, in this prospectus or to which we refer you, including the risk factors and other cautionary statements described under the heading “Risk Factors” included in Item 1A of Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 and, if applicable, in Item 1A of Part II of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2012 and in our Current Reports on Form 8-K, each of which is incorporated herein by reference. Additional risk factors may be included in a prospectus supplement relating to a particular offering of securities. If any of these risks were to occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected. In that case, you could lose all or part of your investment. Also, please read “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

Risks Related to Investing in the Notes

Our bank credit facility has substantial restrictions and financial covenants that may restrict our business and financing activities and our ability to make payments on the notes.

As of March 31, 2012, we had approximately $85 million in borrowings outstanding under our bank credit facility. Our bank credit facility limits the amounts we can borrow to a borrowing base amount, which is determined by the lenders in their sole discretion based on their valuation of our proved reserves and their internal criteria. For example, in April 2009, our borrowing base was decreased from $900 million to $760 million as a result of a scheduled borrowing base redetermination; in June 2009, it was decreased to $735 million as a result of the monetization of $25 million in crude oil and natural gas derivative contracts; and in July 2009, it was decreased to $732 million as a result of the sale of the Lazy JL Field. The borrowing base is redetermined semi-annually, and the available borrowing amount could be further decreased as a result of such redeterminations. Decreases in the available borrowing amount could result from declines in oil and natural gas prices, operating difficulties or increased costs, declines in reserves, lending requirements or regulations, or certain other circumstances. Our borrowing base was increased to $735 million in May 2010, in connection with an amendment to our bank credit facility. In October 2011, our borrowing base was redetermined at $850 million, primarily as a result of an increase in oil and natural gas reserves due to the re-evaluation of existing reserves and the additional reserves associated with our acquisition of crude oil properties in the Powder River Basin in eastern Wyoming. Upon completion of the offering of the original notes on January 13, 2012, our borrowing base was automatically reduced from $850 million to $787.5 million. In April 2012, our borrowing base was redetermined and increased to $850 million. Our next borrowing base redetermination will be in October 2012. A future decrease in our borrowing base could be substantial and could be to a level below our outstanding borrowings. Outstanding borrowings in excess of the borrowing base are required to be repaid in five equal monthly payments, or we are required to pledge other oil and natural gas properties as additional collateral, within 30 days following notice from the administrative agent of the new or adjusted borrowing base. If we do not have sufficient funds on hand for repayment, we may be required to seek a waiver or amendment from our lenders, refinance our bank credit facility or sell assets or debt or common units. We may not be able to obtain such financing or complete such transactions on terms acceptable to us, or at all. Failure to make the required repayment could result in a default under our bank credit facility, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The operating and financial restrictions and covenants in our bank credit facility restrict, and any future financing agreements likely will restrict, our ability to finance future operations or capital needs or to engage, expand or pursue our business activities or to pay distributions. Our bank credit facility restricts, and any future bank credit facility likely will restrict, our ability to:

 

   

incur indebtedness;

 

   

grant liens;

 

   

make certain acquisitions and investments;

 

6


Table of Contents
   

lease equipment;

 

   

make capital expenditures above specified amounts;

 

   

redeem or prepay other debt;

 

   

make distributions to unitholders or repurchase units;

 

   

enter into transactions with affiliates; and

 

   

enter into a merger, consolidation, or sale of assets.

Our bank credit facility restricts our ability to make distributions to unitholders or repurchase units unless after giving effect to such distribution or repurchase no Event of Default (as defined in our bank credit facility) exists. While we currently are not restricted by our bank credit facility from declaring a distribution as we were in April 2009, we may again be restricted from paying a distribution in the future.

We also are required to comply with certain financial covenants and ratios under our bank credit facility. Our ability to comply with these restrictions and covenants in the future is uncertain and will be affected by the levels of cash flow from our operations and events or circumstances beyond our control. In light of persistent weak economic conditions and the deterioration of natural gas prices, our ability to comply with these covenants may be impaired. If we violate any of the restrictions, covenants, ratios or tests in our bank credit facility, a significant portion of our indebtedness may become immediately due and payable, our ability to make distributions will be inhibited and our lenders’ commitment to make further loans to us may terminate. We might not have, or be able to obtain, sufficient funds to make these accelerated payments. In addition, our obligations under our bank credit facility are secured by substantially all of our assets, and if we are unable to repay our indebtedness under our bank credit facility, the lenders can seek to foreclose on our assets.

Restrictive covenants under our indentures may adversely affect our operations.

The indentures governing the notes contain, and any future indebtedness we incur may contain, a number of restrictive covenants that will impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us, including restrictions on our ability to, among other things:

 

   

sell assets, including equity interests in our restricted subsidiaries;

 

   

pay distributions on, redeem or repurchase our units or redeem or repurchase our subordinated debt;

 

   

make investments;

 

   

incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue preferred units;

 

   

create or incur certain liens;

 

   

enter into agreements that restrict distributions or other payments from our restricted subsidiaries to us;

 

   

consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of our assets;

 

   

engage in transactions with affiliates;

 

   

create unrestricted subsidiaries; and

 

   

engage in certain business activities.

As a result of these covenants, we are limited in the manner in which we conduct our business, and we may be unable to engage in favorable business activities or finance future operations or capital needs.

A failure to comply with the covenants in the indentures governing the notes or any future indebtedness could result in an event of default under the indenture governing the notes, the indenture governing our existing notes or the future indebtedness, which, if not cured or waived, could have a material adverse effect on our

 

7


Table of Contents

business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, complying with these covenants may also cause us to take actions that are not favorable to holders of the notes and may make it more difficult for us to successfully execute our business strategy and compete against companies who are not subject to such restrictions.

Our ability to access the capital and credit markets to raise capital on favorable terms will be affected by our debt level and by any disruptions in the capital and credit markets.

The cost of raising money in the debt and equity capital markets has increased substantially, while the availability of funds from those markets generally has diminished significantly. Also, as a result of concerns about the stability of financial markets and the solvency of counterparties specifically, the cost of obtaining money from the credit markets generally has increased as some major financial institutions have consolidated and others may consolidate in the future, and some lenders may increase interest rates, enact tighter lending standards, refuse to refinance existing debt at maturity on favorable terms or at all and may reduce or cease to provide funding to borrowers.

We may not be able to generate enough cash flow to meet our debt obligations.

We expect our earnings and cash flow to vary significantly from year to year due to the cyclical nature of our industry. As a result, the amount of debt that we can manage in some periods may not be appropriate for us in other periods. Additionally, our future cash flow may be insufficient to meet our debt obligations and commitments, including the notes. Any insufficiency could negatively impact our business. A range of economic, competitive, business and industry factors will affect our future financial performance, and, as a result, our ability to generate cash flow from operations and to pay our debt, including the notes. Many of these factors, such as oil and natural gas prices, economic and financial conditions in our industry and the global economy or competitive initiatives of our competitors, are beyond our control.

If we do not generate enough cash flow from operations to satisfy our debt obligations, we may have to undertake alternative financing plans, such as:

 

   

refinancing or restructuring our debt;

 

   

selling assets;

 

   

reducing or delaying capital investments; or

 

   

seeking to raise additional capital.

However, we cannot assure you that undertaking alternative financing plans, if necessary, would allow us to meet our debt obligations. Our inability to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our debt obligations, including our obligations under the notes, or to obtain alternative financing, could materially and adversely affect our ability to make payments on the notes and our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

We distribute all of our available cash to our unitholders after reserves are established by our General Partner, and we are not required to accumulate cash for the purpose of meeting our future obligations to our noteholders, which may limit the cash available to service the notes.

Subject to the limitations on restricted payments contained in the indenture governing the notes offered hereby and in our bank credit facility, our partnership agreement requires us to distribute all of our “available cash” each quarter to our unitholders. “Available cash” is defined in our partnership agreement, and it generally means, for each fiscal quarter, all cash and cash equivalents on the date of determination of available cash for that quarter, less the amount of any cash reserves established by our General Partner to:

 

   

provide for the proper conduct of our business;

 

   

comply with applicable law, the terms of any of our debt instruments or other agreements; or

 

8


Table of Contents
   

provide funds for distributions to our unitholders and to our General Partner for any one or more of the next four quarters.

As a result, we do not expect to accumulate significant amounts of cash. Depending on the timing and amount of our cash distributions, these distributions could significantly reduce the cash available to us in subsequent periods to make payments on the notes.

The notes and the guarantees are unsecured and effectively subordinated to our and our subsidiary guarantors’ existing and future secured indebtedness.

The notes and the guarantees are general unsecured senior obligations ranking effectively junior in right of payment to all existing and future secured debt of ours and that of each subsidiary guarantor, respectively, including obligations under our bank credit facility, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing the debt. As of March 31, 2012, we had approximately $85 million of senior secured indebtedness outstanding under our bank credit facility, to which the notes will be effectively subordinated, and approximately $702.5 million of additional borrowing capacity under our bank credit facility.

If we or a subsidiary guarantor is declared bankrupt, becomes insolvent or is liquidated or reorganized, any secured debt of ours or of any subsidiary guarantor will be entitled to be paid in full from our assets or the assets of such guarantor, as applicable, securing that debt before any payment may be made with respect to the notes or the affected guarantees. Holders of the notes will participate ratably with all holders of our unsecured indebtedness that does not rank junior to the notes, including all of our other general creditors, based upon the respective amounts owed to each holder or creditor, in our remaining assets. In any of the foregoing events, we cannot assure you that there will be sufficient assets to pay amounts due on the notes. As a result, holders of the notes would likely receive less, ratably, than holders of secured indebtedness.

Our variable rate indebtedness subjects us to interest rate risk, which could cause our debt service obligations to increase significantly.

Borrowings under our bank credit facility bear interest at variable rates and expose us to interest rate risk. If interest rates increase and we are unable to effectively hedge our interest rate risk, our debt service obligations on the variable rate indebtedness would increase even if the amount borrowed remained the same, and our net income and cash available for servicing our indebtedness would decrease. As of March 31, 2012, if the variable interest rate increases or decreases by 0.25%, our annual debt service obligations on our variable rate debt would increase or decrease by approximately $0.2 million.

Our debt levels may limit our flexibility to obtain additional financing and pursue other business opportunities.

We have substantial indebtedness. As of March 31, 2012, we had total long-term debt of $633.7 million, net of $6.3 million unamortized discount on senior notes.

Our existing and future indebtedness could have important consequences to us and to the holders of the notes, including:

 

   

our ability to obtain additional financing, if necessary, for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or other purposes may be impaired or such financing may not be available on terms acceptable to us;

 

   

covenants in our existing and future credit and debt arrangements will require us to meet financial tests that may affect our flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes in our business, including possible acquisition opportunities;

 

   

our access to the capital markets may be limited;

 

9


Table of Contents
   

our borrowing costs may increase;

 

   

we will need a substantial portion of our cash flow to make principal and interest payments on our indebtedness, reducing the funds that would otherwise be available for operations, future business opportunities and distributions to unitholders; and

 

   

our debt level will make us more vulnerable than our competitors with less debt to competitive pressures or a downturn in our business or the economy generally.

Our ability to service our indebtedness will depend upon, among other things, our future financial and operating performance, which will be affected by prevailing economic conditions and financial, business, regulatory and other factors, some of which are beyond our control. If our operating results are not sufficient to service our current or future indebtedness, we will be forced to take actions such as reducing distributions, reducing or delaying business activities, acquisitions, investments and/or capital expenditures, selling assets, restructuring or refinancing our indebtedness, or seeking additional equity capital or bankruptcy protection. We may not be able to effect any of these remedies on satisfactory terms or at all.

Despite our and our subsidiaries’ current level of indebtedness, we may still be able to incur substantially more debt. This could further exacerbate the risks associated with our substantial indebtedness.

We and our subsidiaries may be able to incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future, subject to certain limitations, including under our bank credit facility and the notes offered hereby. For example, as of March 31, 2012, we had the ability to borrow up to approximately $787.5 million on a revolving basis under our bank credit facility. If new debt is added to our current debt levels, the related risks that we and our subsidiaries now face could intensify. Our level of indebtedness could, for instance, prevent us from engaging in transactions that might otherwise be beneficial to us or from making desirable capital expenditures. This could put us at a competitive disadvantage relative to other less leveraged competitors that have more cash flow to devote to their operations. In addition, the incurrence of additional indebtedness could make it more difficult to satisfy our existing financial obligations, including those relating to the notes.

We may not be able to fund a change of control offer.

In the event of a change of control, we will be required, subject to certain conditions, to offer to purchase all outstanding notes at a price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the date of purchase. The holders of our outstanding 8.625% Senior Notes due 2020 have substantially similar rights. If a change of control were to occur today, we would not have sufficient funds available to purchase all of the outstanding notes were they to be tendered in response to an offer made as a result of a change of control. We cannot assure you that we will have sufficient funds available to fulfill these obligations upon a change of control in the future. Furthermore, any Change of Control (as defined under our bank credit facility) would constitute an Event of Default (as defined in our bank credit facility), and we may not be able to obtain a waiver with respect to such default from the lenders under our bank credit facility at such time. See “Description of Notes.”

The change of control put right might not be enforceable.

The Chancery Court of Delaware has raised the possibility in a published decision that a change of control put right occurring as a result of a failure to have “continuing directors” comprising a majority of a board of directors may be unenforceable on public policy grounds.

Many of the covenants contained in the indenture will terminate if the notes are rated investment grade by both Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s and no default or event of default has occurred and is continuing.

Many of the covenants in the indenture governing the notes will terminate if the notes are rated investment grade by both Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s, provided that at such time no default or event of default has

 

10


Table of Contents

occurred and is continuing. The covenants restrict, among other things, our ability to pay dividends, incur debt and enter into certain other transactions. There can be no assurance that the notes will ever be rated investment grade. However, termination of these covenants would allow us to engage in certain transactions that would not have been permitted while these covenants were in force, and the effects of any such transactions will be permitted to remain in place even if the notes are subsequently downgraded below investment grade. See “Description of Notes — Certain Covenants — Covenant Termination.”

A subsidiary guarantee could be voided if it constitutes a fraudulent transfer under U.S. bankruptcy or similar state law, which would prevent the holders of the notes from relying on that subsidiary to satisfy claims.

Under U.S. bankruptcy law and comparable provisions of state fraudulent transfer laws, our subsidiary guarantees can be voided, or claims under the subsidiary guarantees may be subordinated to all other debts of that subsidiary guarantor if, among other things, the subsidiary guarantor, at the time it incurred the indebtedness evidenced by its guarantee or, in some states, when payments become due under the guarantee, received less than reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration for the incurrence of the guarantee and:

 

   

was insolvent or rendered insolvent by reason of such incurrence;

 

   

was engaged in a business or transaction for which the guarantor’s remaining assets constituted unreasonably small capital; or

 

   

intended to incur, or believed that it would incur, debts beyond its ability to pay those debts as they mature.

A subsidiary guarantee of the notes may also be voided, without regard to the above factors, if a court finds that the subsidiary guarantor entered into the guarantee with the actual intent to hinder, delay or defraud its creditors.

A court would likely find that a subsidiary guarantor did not receive reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration for its guarantee if the subsidiary guarantor did not substantially benefit directly or indirectly from the issuance of the guarantees. If a court were to void a subsidiary guarantee, you would no longer have a claim against the subsidiary guarantor. Sufficient funds to repay the notes may not be available from other sources, including the remaining subsidiary guarantors, if any. In addition, the court might direct you to repay any amounts that you already received from the subsidiary guarantor.

The measures of insolvency for purposes of fraudulent transfer laws vary depending upon the governing law. Generally, a guarantor would be considered insolvent if:

 

   

the sum of its debts, including contingent liabilities, is greater than the present fair saleable value of all its assets;

 

   

the present fair saleable value of its assets is less than the amount that would be required to pay its probable liability on its existing debts, including contingent liabilities, as they become absolute and mature; or

 

   

it could not pay its debts as they become due.

Each subsidiary guarantee contains a provision intended to limit the subsidiary guarantor’s liability to the maximum amount that it could incur without causing the incurrence of obligations under its subsidiary guarantee to be a fraudulent transfer. Such provision may not be effective to protect the subsidiary guarantees from being voided under bankruptcy law.

 

11


Table of Contents

A financial failure by us or our subsidiaries may result in the assets of any or all of those entities becoming subject to the claims of all creditors of those entities.

A financial failure by us or our subsidiaries could affect payment of the notes if a bankruptcy court were to substantively consolidate us and our subsidiaries. If a bankruptcy court substantively consolidated us and our subsidiaries, the assets of each entity would become subject to the claims of creditors of all entities. This would expose holders of notes not only to the usual impairments arising from bankruptcy, but also to potential dilution of the amount ultimately recoverable because of the larger creditor base. Furthermore, forced restructuring of the notes could occur through the “cram-down” provisions of the bankruptcy code. Under these provisions, the notes could be restructured over your objections as to their general terms, primary interest rate and maturity.

Because we are a holding company, we are financially dependent on receiving distributions from our subsidiaries.

We are a holding company and our subsidiaries conduct all of our operations and own all of our assets. We have no significant assets other than the partnership interests, stock and other equity interests in our subsidiaries. As a result, our ability to make required payments on the notes will depend on the performance of our subsidiaries and their ability to distribute funds to us. Our rights and the rights of our creditors, including holders of the notes, to participate in the distribution of assets of any entity in which we own an equity interest will be subject to prior claims of such entity’s creditors upon such entity’s liquidation or reorganization. However, we may ourselves be a creditor with recognized claims against this entity, but our claims would still be subject to the prior claims of any secured creditor of this entity and of any holder of indebtedness of this entity that is senior to that held by us. Accordingly, a holder of our debt securities, including holders of the notes, may be deemed to be effectively subordinated to those claims.

Your ability to transfer the notes may be limited by the absence of a trading market.

We cannot assure you that an active trading market for the notes will exist, and we will have no obligation to create such a market. At the time of the private placement of the original notes, the initial purchasers advised us that they intended to make a market in the notes. The initial purchasers are not obligated, however, to make a market in the notes, and any market making may be discontinued at any time at their sole discretion. No assurance can be given as to the liquidity of or development of a trading market for the notes.

The liquidity of any trading market for the notes and the market price quoted for the notes will depend upon the number of holders of the notes, the overall market for high yield securities, our financial performance or prospects or the prospects for companies in our industry generally, the interest of securities dealers in making a market in the notes and other factors.

Risks Related to Our Structure

Our tax treatment depends on our status as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes as well as our not being subject to a material amount of entity-level taxation by individual states. If the Internal Revenue Service were to treat us as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes or we were to become subject to a material amount of entity-level taxation for state purposes, then our cash available for payment of principal and interest on the notes would be substantially reduced.

Despite the fact that we are a partnership under Delaware law, it is possible in certain circumstances for a publicly traded partnership such as ours to be treated as a corporation rather than a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Although we do not believe based upon our current operations that we should be so treated, a change in our business (or a change in current law) could cause us to be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes or otherwise subject us to taxation as an entity.

If we were treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we would pay U.S. federal income tax on our taxable income at the corporate tax rates, currently at a maximum rate of 35%, and would likely pay

 

12


Table of Contents

state income tax at varying rates. Because a tax would be imposed on us as a corporation, our cash available for payment of principal and interest on the notes and our other debt obligations would be substantially reduced.

Current law may change so as to cause us to be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes or otherwise subject us to entity-level taxation. At the federal level, legislation has recently been considered by members of Congress that would have eliminated partnership tax treatment for certain publicly traded partnerships. Although it does not appear that the legislation considered would have affected our tax treatment, we are unable to predict whether any of these changes, or other proposals, will be reconsidered or will ultimately be enacted. Any such changes could negatively impact the amount of cash available for payment on the notes and on our other debt obligations. At the state level, because of widespread state budget deficits and other reasons, several states are evaluating ways to subject partnerships to entity-level taxation through the imposition of state income, franchise and other forms of taxation. Imposition of any additional tax on us by any state will reduce the cash available for payments on the notes and on our other debt obligations.

 

13


Table of Contents

USE OF PROCEEDS

Unless otherwise indicated to the contrary in an accompanying prospectus supplement, we will use the net proceeds from the sale of the notes covered by this prospectus for general partnership purposes, which may include debt repayment, future acquisitions, capital expenditures and additions to working capital.

Any specific allocation of the net proceeds of an offering of notes to a purpose will be determined at the time of the offering and will be described in a prospectus supplement.

RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES

The table below sets forth our ratio of earnings to fixed charges for the periods indicated on a consolidated historical basis. For purposes of determining the ratio of earnings to fixed charges, earnings are defined as earnings (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes, plus fixed charges. Fixed charges consist of net interest expense (inclusive of write-off of deferred financing costs, interest expense related to make whole premium charge, less gain from termination of interest rate swap agreements) on all indebtedness, the amortization of deferred financing costs and interest associated with operating leases.

 

     BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P.  
     Year Ended December 31,     Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2012
 
     2007     2008     2009     2010     2011    

Ratio of earnings to fixed charges

     —   (a)      11.51     —   (b)      0.94     2.57     —   (c) 

 

(a) Earnings were inadequate to cover fixed charges by $68.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2007.
(b) Earnings were inadequate to cover fixed charges by $181.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009.
(c) Earnings were inadequate to cover fixed charges by $64.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012.

 

14


Table of Contents

DESCRIPTION OF NOTES

You can find the definitions of certain terms used in this description under the subheading “— Certain Definitions.” In this description, the term “Company,” “us,” “our” or “we” refers only to BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P. and not to any of its subsidiaries, the term “Finance Corp.” refers to BreitBurn Finance Corporation, and the term “Issuers” refers to the Company and Finance Corp. The 7.875% Senior Notes due 2022 offered hereby, which we refer to as the “new notes,” are an additional issuance of our 7.875% Senior Notes due 2022 and will be treated as a single class with the $450.0 million in aggregate principal amount of such notes currently outstanding, which we refer to as the “original notes,” originally issued in 2012. References to the “notes” in this section of the prospectus include both the original notes issued in 2012 and the new notes, unless the context otherwise requires.

The new notes will be issued and the original notes were issued under an indenture dated as of January 13, 2012, among BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P. and BreitBurn Finance Corporation, as issuers, the Guarantors (as defined below) party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. The terms of the notes include those stated in the indenture and those made part of the indenture by reference to the Trust Indenture Act. You can find the definition of various terms used in this “Description of Notes” under “— Certain Definitions” below.

The following description is a summary of the material provisions of the indenture and notes. It does not restate those documents in their entirety. We urge you to read the indenture and the notes because they, and not this description, define the rights of Holders of the notes. Certain defined terms used in this description but not defined below under “— Certain Definitions” have the meanings assigned to them in the indenture.

The registered Holder of a note will be treated as the owner of it for all purposes. Only registered Holders will have rights under the indenture.

Brief Description of the Notes and the Subsidiary Guarantees

The Notes. Like the original notes, the new notes will:

 

   

be general unsecured obligations of the Issuers;

 

   

be equal in right of payment with all existing and future Senior Debt (as defined below) of either of the Issuers, including our outstanding 8.625% Senior Notes due 2020;

 

   

be effectively junior in right of payment to any secured Indebtedness of either of the Issuers, including Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such Indebtedness;

 

   

rank senior in right of payment to any future subordinated Indebtedness of either of the Issuers; and

 

   

be unconditionally guaranteed by the Guarantors on a senior unsecured basis.

The Subsidiary Guarantees. The notes are currently guaranteed by all of the Company’s Subsidiaries (other than Finance Corp.) that guarantee borrowings under the Credit Agreement, which provides the Operating Partnership with a senior secured revolving credit facility.

Each guarantee of the new notes, like each guarantee of the original notes, will:

 

   

be a general unsecured obligation of the Guarantor;

 

   

be equal in right of payment with all existing and future Senior Debt of that Guarantor, including its guarantees of the outstanding 8.625% Senior Notes due 2020;

 

   

rank effectively junior in right of payment to any secured Indebtedness of that Guarantor, including Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such Indebtedness; and

 

   

rank senior in right of payment to any future subordinated Indebtedness of that Guarantor.

 

15


Table of Contents

As of June 30, 2013, on a pro forma as adjusted basis to reflect this offering and our use of proceeds therefrom and the other transactions described under “Capitalization,” the Company and the Guarantors would have had:

 

   

total Senior Debt (excluding obligations under letters of credit and hedges) of approximately $1.7 billion, consisting of the notes and the 2020 Senior Notes and approximately $736.4 million of secured revolving credit Senior Debt outstanding under the Credit Agreement;

 

   

no indebtedness contractually subordinated to the notes or the guarantees, as applicable.

The indenture permits us and the Guarantors to incur additional Indebtedness, including additional Senior Debt.

All of our existing Subsidiaries (other than Finance Corp.) guarantee the notes, except Utica. Under the circumstances described below under the subheading “— Certain Covenants — Additional Subsidiary Guarantees,” in the future, one or more of our newly-created or acquired Subsidiaries may not guarantee the notes. In the event of a bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization of any of these non-guarantor Subsidiaries, the non-guarantor Subsidiaries will pay current outstanding obligations to the holders of their debt and their trade creditors before they will be able to distribute any of their assets to us.

Utica owns interests in certain Michigan oil and gas leases that, as of June 30, 2013, had no associated production or proved reserves and a net book value of approximately $2.0 million. Currently, Utica has no Indebtedness and no revenues. We may seek to monetize Utica’s assets or its Equity Interests or to develop these assets either on our own or jointly with one or more other companies. In certain cases, we might be required to make significant additional Investments in Utica.

Currently, all of our Subsidiaries are “Restricted Subsidiaries,” except for Utica. However, under the circumstances described below under the subheading “— Certain Covenants — Designation of Restricted and Unrestricted Subsidiaries,” we will be permitted to designate certain of our other Subsidiaries as “Unrestricted Subsidiaries.” Our Unrestricted Subsidiaries will not be subject to many of the restrictive covenants in the indenture. Our Unrestricted Subsidiaries will not guarantee the notes.

We have a 24.5% limited partner interest and a 25.5% general partner interest in Wilderness Energy Services LP, which had a combined carrying value of $5.9 million at December 31, 2012. Wilderness Energy Services LP does not qualify as our “Subsidiary” for purposes of the indenture, and therefore, it is not subject to the restrictive covenants in the indenture and does not guarantee the notes.

Principal, Maturity and Interest

The Issuers have issued $450.0 million aggregate principal amount of notes and will issue the new notes from time to time in an unlimited aggregate principal amount. The prospectus supplement relating to the offering of the new notes states the aggregate principal amount of the new notes. Any offering of additional notes is subject to the covenant described below under the caption “— Certain Covenants — Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock.” The original notes and any additional notes subsequently issued under the indenture, together with the new notes, will be treated as a single class for all purposes under the indenture, including, without limitation, for waivers, amendments, redemptions and offers to purchase. The Issuers may issue notes only in denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess of $2,000. The notes will mature on April 15, 2022.

Interest on the notes accrues at the rate of 7.875% per annum and is payable semi-annually in cash in arrears on April 15 and October 15. The Issuers will make each interest payment to the Holders of record on the April 1 and October 1 immediately preceding each interest payment date.

 

16


Table of Contents

Interest on the notes will accrue from January 13, 2012 or, if interest has already been paid, from the date it was most recently paid, in the case of the original notes, and on the date indicated in the related prospectus supplement, in the case of the new notes. Interest will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year comprised of twelve 30-day months.

Methods of Receiving Payments on the Notes

If a Holder has given wire transfer instructions to the Issuers, the Issuers will pay all principal, interest and premium, if any, on that Holder’s notes in accordance with those instructions. All other payments on the notes will be made at the office or agency of the paying agent and registrar within the City and State of New York unless the Issuers elect to make interest payments by check mailed to the Holders at their addresses set forth in the register of Holders.

Paying Agent and Registrar for the Notes

The trustee is acting as paying agent and registrar. The Issuers may change the paying agent or registrar without prior notice to the Holders of the notes, and the Company or any of its Subsidiaries may act as paying agent or registrar.

Transfer and Exchange

A Holder may transfer or exchange notes in accordance with the indenture. The registrar and the trustee may require a Holder to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents in connection with a transfer of notes. No service charge will be imposed by the Issuers, the trustee or the registrar for any registration of transfer or exchange of notes, but Holders will be required to pay all taxes due on transfer. The Issuers are not required to transfer or exchange any note selected for redemption. Also, the Issuers are not required to transfer or exchange any note for a period of 15 days before a selection of notes to be redeemed.

Subsidiary Guarantees

Currently, all of our existing Subsidiaries, excluding Finance Corp. and Utica, have guaranteed the notes on a senior unsecured basis. In the future, the Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company will be required to guarantee the notes under the circumstances described under “— Certain Covenants — Additional Subsidiary Guarantees.” These Subsidiary Guarantees are joint and several obligations of the Guarantors. The obligations of each Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee will be limited as necessary to prevent that Subsidiary Guarantee from constituting a fraudulent conveyance under applicable law, although this limitation may not be effective to prevent the Subsidiary Guarantees from being voided in bankruptcy. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Investing in the Notes — A subsidiary guarantee could be voided if it constitutes a fraudulent transfer under U.S. bankruptcy or similar state law, which would prevent the holders of the notes from relying on that subsidiary to satisfy claims” in the prospectus supplement relating to the new notes.

A Guarantor may not sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its properties or assets to, or consolidate with or merge with or into (whether or not such Guarantor is the surviving Person), another Person, other than the Company or another Guarantor, unless:

 

  (1) immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Default or Event of Default exists; and

 

  (2) either:

 

  (a) the Person acquiring the properties or assets in any such sale or other disposition or the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than the Guarantor) unconditionally assumes, pursuant to a supplemental indenture substantially in the form specified in the indenture, all the obligations of that Guarantor under the notes, the indenture and its Subsidiary Guarantee on terms set forth therein; or

 

17


Table of Contents
  (b) such transaction complies with the “Asset Sales” provisions of the indenture.

The Subsidiary Guarantee of a Guarantor will be released:

 

  (1) in connection with any sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of that Guarantor (including by way of merger or consolidation) to a Person that is not (either before or after giving effect to such transaction) the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, if the sale or other disposition complies with the “Asset Sales” provisions of the indenture;

 

  (2) in connection with any sale or other disposition of Capital Stock of that Guarantor to a Person that is not (either before or after giving effect to such transaction) the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, if the sale or other disposition complies with the “Asset Sales” provisions of the indenture and the Guarantor ceases to be a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company as a result of the sale or other disposition;

 

  (3) if the Company designates any Restricted Subsidiary that is a Guarantor as an Unrestricted Subsidiary in accordance with the applicable provisions of the indenture;

 

  (4) upon Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance as described below under the caption “— Legal Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance” or upon satisfaction and discharge of the indenture as described below under the caption “— Satisfaction and Discharge;”

 

  (5) upon the liquidation or dissolution of such Guarantor, provided no Default or Event of Default has occurred that is continuing; or

 

  (6) at such time as such Guarantor ceases both (x) to guarantee any other Indebtedness of either of the Issuers and any other Guarantor and (y) to be an obligor with respect to any Indebtedness under any Credit Facility.

See “— Asset Sales.”

Optional Redemption

At any time prior to January 15, 2015, the Issuers may on any one or more occasions redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes issued under the indenture, at a redemption price of 107.875% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date (subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the redemption date), with the net cash proceeds of one or more Equity Offerings by the Company, provided that:

 

  (1) at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes issued under the indenture remains outstanding immediately after the occurrence of such redemption (excluding notes held by the Company and its Subsidiaries); and

 

  (2) the redemption occurs within 120 days of the date of the closing of each such Equity Offering.

On and after January 15, 2017, the Issuers may redeem all or a part of the notes, at the redemption prices (expressed as percentages of principal amount) set forth below, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on the notes to be redeemed to the applicable redemption date (subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the redemption date), if redeemed during the twelve-month period beginning on January 15 of the years indicated below:

 

Year

   Percentages  

2017

     103.938

2018

     102.625

2019

     101.313

2020 and thereafter

     100.000

Prior to January 15, 2017, the Issuers may redeem all or part of the notes, at a redemption price equal to the sum of:

 

  (1) the principal amount thereof, plus

 

  (2) the Make Whole Premium at the redemption date,

 

18


Table of Contents

plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date (subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the redemption date).

Selection and Notice

If less than all of the notes are to be redeemed at any time, the trustee will select notes for redemption as follows:

 

  (1) if the notes are listed on any national securities exchange, in compliance with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange on which the notes are listed; or

 

  (2) if the notes are not listed on any national securities exchange, on a pro rata basis.

No notes of $2,000 or less can be redeemed in part. Notices of optional redemption will be mailed by first class mail at least 30 but not more than 60 days before the redemption date to each Holder of notes to be redeemed at its registered address, except that optional redemption notices may be mailed more than 60 days prior to a redemption date if the notice is issued in connection with a defeasance of the notes or a satisfaction and discharge of the indenture. Notices of redemption may not be conditional, except that any redemption pursuant to the first paragraph under this “— Optional Redemption” section, may, at the Company’s discretion, be subject to completion of the related Equity Offering.

If any note is to be redeemed in part only, the notice of redemption that relates to that note will state the portion of the principal amount of that note that is to be redeemed. A new note in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the original note will be issued in the name of the Holder of notes upon cancellation of the original note.

Notes called for redemption become due on the date fixed for redemption, and at the redemption price. On and after the redemption date, interest ceases to accrue on notes or portions of them called for redemption.

Mandatory Redemption

Except as set forth below under “— Repurchase at the Option of Holders,” neither of the Issuers is required to make mandatory redemption or sinking fund payments with respect to the notes or to repurchase the notes at the option of the Holders.

Repurchase at the Option of Holders

Change of Control

If a Change of Control occurs, unless the Issuers have previously or concurrently exercised their right to redeem all of the notes as described under “— Optional Redemption,” each Holder of notes will have the right to require the Company to repurchase all or any part (equal to $2,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess of $2,000) of that Holder’s notes pursuant to a cash tender offer (the “Change of Control Offer”) on the terms set forth in the indenture. In the Change of Control Offer, the Company will offer a payment in cash (the “Change of Control Payment”) equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of notes repurchased plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on the notes repurchased, to the date of settlement (the “Change of Control Settlement Date”), subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the Change of Control Settlement Date. Within 30 days following any Change of Control, unless the Issuers have previously or concurrently exercised their right to redeem all of the notes as described under “— Optional Redemption,” the Company will mail a notice to each Holder and the trustee describing the transaction or transactions that constitute the Change of Control and offering to repurchase notes on the Change of Control Settlement Date specified in the notice, which date will be no earlier than 30 days and no later than 60 days from the date such notice is mailed, pursuant to the procedures required by the indenture and described in such notice.

 

19


Table of Contents

The Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws and regulations thereunder to the extent those laws and regulations are applicable in connection with the repurchase of the notes as a result of a Change of Control. To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with the Change of Control provisions of the indenture, the Company will comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and will not be deemed to have breached its obligations under the Change of Control provisions of the indenture by virtue of such conflict.

On or before the Change of Control Settlement Date, the Company will, to the extent lawful, accept for payment all notes or portions of notes properly tendered pursuant to the Change of Control Offer. Promptly after such acceptance, on the Change of Control Settlement Date the Company will:

 

  (1) deposit with the paying agent an amount equal to the Change of Control Payment in respect of all notes or portions of notes properly tendered; and

 

  (2) deliver or cause to be delivered to the trustee the notes properly accepted together with an officers’ certificate stating the aggregate principal amount of notes or portions of notes being purchased by the Company.

On the Change of Control Settlement Date, the paying agent will mail to each Holder of notes properly tendered the Change of Control Payment for such notes (or, if all the notes are then in global form, make such payment through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), in New York, New York), and the trustee will authenticate and mail (or cause to be transferred by book entry) to each Holder a new note equal in principal amount to any unpurchased portion of the notes surrendered, if any; provided, however, that each new note will be in a principal amount of $2,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess of $2,000. The Company will publicly announce the results of the Change of Control Offer on or as soon as practicable after the Change of Control Settlement Date.

The Credit Agreement provides that certain change of control events with respect to the Company would constitute an event of default thereunder, entitling the lenders, among other things, to accelerate the maturity of all Indebtedness outstanding thereunder. Any future credit agreements or other agreements relating to Indebtedness to which the Company or any Guarantor becomes a party may contain similar restrictions and provisions. The indenture provides that, prior to complying with any of the provisions of this “Change of Control” covenant, but in any event no later than the Change of Control Settlement Date, the Company or any Guarantor must either repay all of its other outstanding Senior Debt or obtain the requisite consents, if any, under all agreements governing such Senior Debt to permit the repurchase of notes required by this covenant.

The provisions described above that require the Company to make a Change of Control Offer following a Change of Control will be applicable whether or not any other provisions of the indenture are applicable. Except as described above with respect to a Change of Control, the indenture does not contain provisions that permit the Holders of the notes to require that the Company repurchase or redeem the notes in the event of a takeover, recapitalization or similar transaction.

The Company will not be required to make a Change of Control Offer upon a Change of Control if a third party makes the Change of Control Offer in the manner, at the time and otherwise in compliance with the requirements set forth in the indenture applicable to a Change of Control Offer made by the Company and purchases all notes properly tendered and not withdrawn under the Change of Control Offer.

A Change of Control Offer may be made in advance of a Change of Control, and conditioned upon the occurrence of the Change of Control, if a definitive agreement is in place for the Change of Control at the time of making the Change of Control Offer.

The definition of Change of Control includes a phrase relating to the direct or indirect sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of “all or substantially all” of the properties or assets of the Company and its

 

20


Table of Contents

Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole. Although there is a limited body of case law interpreting the phrase “substantially all,” there is no precise established definition of the phrase under applicable law. Accordingly, the ability of a Holder of notes to require the Company to repurchase its notes as a result of a sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of less than all of the properties or assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole to another Person or group may be uncertain.

In the event that Holders of not less than 90% of the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding notes accept a Change of Control Offer and the Company purchases all of the notes held by such Holders, the Company will have the right, upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ prior notice, given not more than 30 days following the purchase pursuant to the Change of Control Offer described above, to redeem all of the notes that remain outstanding following such purchase at a redemption price equal to the Change of Control Payment plus, to the extent not included in the Change of Control Payment, accrued and unpaid interest on the notes that remain outstanding, to the date of redemption (subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the redemption date).

Asset Sales

The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, consummate an Asset Sale unless:

 

  (1) the Company (or a Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be) receives consideration at the time of the Asset Sale at least equal to the fair market value of the assets or Equity Interests issued or sold or otherwise disposed of;

 

  (2) the fair market value is determined by (a) an executive officer of the General Partner if the value is less than $20.0 million and evidenced by an officers’ certificate delivered to the trustee or (b) the Company’s Board of Directors if the value is $20.0 million or more and evidenced by a resolution of the Board of Directors set forth in an officers’ certificate delivered to the trustee; and

 

  (3) at least 75% of the aggregate consideration received by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the Asset Sale and all other Asset Sales since the date of the indenture is in the form of cash. For purposes of this provision, each of the following will be deemed to be cash:

 

  (a) any liabilities, as shown on the Company’s or any Restricted Subsidiary’s most recent balance sheet, of the Company or such Subsidiary (other than contingent liabilities and liabilities that are by their terms subordinated to the notes or any Subsidiary Guarantee) that are assumed by the transferee of any such assets pursuant to a customary novation agreement that releases the Company or such Subsidiary from further liability; and

 

  (b) any securities, notes or other obligations received by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary from such transferee that are, within 90 days after the Asset Sale, converted by the Company or such Subsidiary into cash, to the extent of the cash received in that conversion.

Within 360 days after the receipt of any Net Proceeds from an Asset Sale, the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary may apply those Net Proceeds at its option to any combination of the following:

 

  (1) to repay Senior Debt;

 

  (2) to invest in Additional Assets; or

 

  (3) to make capital expenditures in respect of the Company’s or its Restricted Subsidiaries’ Oil and Gas Business.

Pending the final application of any Net Proceeds, the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary may invest the Net Proceeds in any manner that is not prohibited by the indenture. Any Net Proceeds from Asset Sales that are not applied or invested as provided in the preceding paragraph will constitute “Excess Proceeds.”

 

21


Table of Contents

On the 361st day after the Asset Sale (or, at the Company’s option, any earlier date), if the aggregate amount of Excess Proceeds then exceeds $20.0 million, the Company will make an Asset Sale Offer to all Holders of notes, and all holders of other Indebtedness that is pari passu with the notes containing provisions similar to those set forth in the indenture with respect to offers to purchase or redeem with the proceeds of sales of assets, to purchase the maximum principal amount of notes and such other pari passu Indebtedness that may be purchased out of the Excess Proceeds. The offer price in any Asset Sale Offer will be equal to 100% of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of settlement, subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the date of settlement, and will be payable in cash. If any Excess Proceeds remain after consummation of an Asset Sale Offer, the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary may use those Excess Proceeds for any purpose not otherwise prohibited by the indenture. If the aggregate principal amount of notes and other pari passu Indebtedness tendered into such Asset Sale Offer exceeds the amount of Excess Proceeds, the trustee will select the notes and such other pari passu Indebtedness to be purchased on a pro rata basis. Upon completion of each Asset Sale Offer, the amount of Excess Proceeds will be reset at zero.

The Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws and regulations thereunder to the extent those laws and regulations are applicable in connection with each repurchase of notes pursuant to an Asset Sale Offer. To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with the “Asset Sales” provisions of the indenture, the Company will comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and will not be deemed to have breached its obligations under the “Asset Sales” provisions of the indenture by virtue of such conflict.

Certain Covenants

Restricted Payments

The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly:

 

  (1) declare or pay any dividend or make any other payment or distribution on account of the Company’s or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries’ Equity Interests (including, without limitation, any payment in connection with any merger or consolidation involving the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries) or to the direct or indirect holders of the Company’s or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries’ Equity Interests in their capacity as such (other than dividends or distributions payable in Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company or payable to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company);

 

  (2) purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire or retire for value (including, without limitation, in connection with any merger or consolidation involving the Company) any Equity Interests of the Company or any direct or indirect parent of the Company;

 

  (3) make any payment on or with respect to, or purchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire or retire for value any Indebtedness that is subordinated to the notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees (excluding any intercompany Indebtedness between or among the Company and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries), except a payment of interest or principal at the Stated Maturity thereof; or

 

  (4) make any Restricted Investment (all such payments and other actions set forth in these clauses (1) through (4) above being collectively referred to as “Restricted Payments”);

unless, at the time of and after giving effect to such Restricted Payment, no Default (except a Reporting Default) or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or would occur as a consequence of such Restricted Payment and either:

 

  (1)

if the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio for the Company’s most recently ended four full fiscal quarters for which internal financial statements are available at the time of such Restricted Payment (the “Trailing Four Quarters”) is not less than 2.25 to 1.0, such Restricted Payment, together with the aggregate

 

22


Table of Contents
  amount of all other Restricted Payments made by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries (excluding Restricted Payments permitted by clauses (2), (3), (4), (5), (6) and (7) of the next succeeding paragraph) with respect to the quarter for which such Restricted Payment is made, is less than the sum, without duplication, of:

 

  (a) Available Cash with respect to the Company’s preceding fiscal quarter, plus

 

  (b) 100% of the aggregate net cash proceeds received by the Company (including the fair market value of any Capital Stock of Persons engaged primarily in the Oil and Gas Business or long-term assets that are used or useful in the Oil and Gas Business to the extent acquired in consideration of Equity Interests of the Company (other than Disqualified Stock)) after the Prior Issue Date as a contribution to its common equity capital or from the issue or sale of Equity Interests of the Company (other than Disqualified Stock) or from the issue or sale after the Prior Issue Date of convertible or exchangeable Disqualified Stock or convertible or exchangeable debt securities of the Company that have been converted into or exchanged for such Equity Interests (other than Equity Interests (or Disqualified Stock or debt securities) sold to a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company), plus

 

  (c) to the extent that any Restricted Investment that was made after the Prior Issue Date is sold for cash or otherwise liquidated or repaid for cash, the cash return of capital with respect to such Restricted Investment (less the cost of disposition, if any), plus

 

  (d) the net reduction in Restricted Investments resulting from dividends, repayments of loans or advances, or other transfers of assets in each case to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries from any Person (including, without limitation, Unrestricted Subsidiaries) or from redesignations of Unrestricted Subsidiaries as Restricted Subsidiaries, to the extent such amounts have not been included in Available Cash for any period commencing on or after the Prior Issue Date (items (b), (c) and (d) being referred to as “Incremental Funds”), minus

 

  (e) the aggregate amount of Incremental Funds previously expended pursuant to this clause (1) and clause (2) below; or

 

  (2) if the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio for the Trailing Four Quarters is less than 2.25 to 1.0, such Restricted Payment, together with the aggregate amount of all other Restricted Payments made by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries (excluding Restricted Payments permitted by clauses (2), (3), (4), (5), (6) and (7) of the next succeeding paragraph) with respect to the quarter for which such Restricted Payment is made (such Restricted Payments for purposes of this clause (2) meaning only distributions on units of the Company, plus the related distribution to the General Partner), is less than the sum, without duplication, of:

 

  (a) $90.0 million less the aggregate amount of all prior Restricted Payments made by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries pursuant to this clause (2)(a) since the Prior Issue Date, plus

 

  (b) Incremental Funds to the extent not previously expended pursuant to this clause (2) or clause (1) above.

So long as no Default (except a Reporting Default) or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or would be caused thereby (except with respect to clause (1) below under which the payment of a distribution or dividend is permitted), the preceding provisions will not prohibit:

 

  (1) the payment of any dividend or distribution within 60 days after the date of its declaration, if at the date of declaration the payment would have complied with the provisions of the indenture;

 

  (2)

the purchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement of any subordinated Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor or of any Equity Interests of the Company in exchange for, or out of the net cash proceeds of the substantially concurrent (a) contribution (other than from a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company) to the equity capital of the Company or (b) sale (other than to a

 

23


Table of Contents
  Restricted Subsidiary of the Company) of, Equity Interests of the Company (other than Disqualified Stock), with a sale being deemed substantially concurrent if such purchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement occurs not more than 120 days after such sale; provided, however, that the amount of any such net cash proceeds that are utilized for any such purchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement will be excluded (or deducted, if included) from the calculation of Available Cash and Incremental Funds;

 

  (3) the purchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement of subordinated Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor with the net cash proceeds from an incurrence of, or in exchange for, Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness;

 

  (4) the payment of any dividend or distribution by a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to the holders of its Equity Interests on a pro rata basis;

 

  (5) the purchase, redemption or other acquisition or retirement for value of any Equity Interests of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company pursuant to any director or employee equity subscription agreement or equity option agreement or other employee benefit plan or to satisfy obligations under any Equity Interests appreciation rights or option plan or similar arrangement; provided, however, that the aggregate price paid for all such purchased, redeemed, acquired or retired Equity Interests may not exceed $5.0 million in any calendar year, with any portion of such $5.0 million amount that is unused in any calendar year to be carried forward to successive calendar years and added to such amount;

 

  (6) the purchase, repurchase, redemption or other acquisition or retirement for value of Equity Interests deemed to occur upon the exercise of unit options, warrants, incentives, rights to acquire Equity Interests or other convertible securities if such Equity Interests represent a portion of the exercise or exchange price thereof, and any purchase, repurchase, redemption or other acquisition or retirement for value of Equity Interests made in lieu of withholding taxes in connection with any exercise or exchange of unit options, warrants, incentives or rights to acquire Equity Interests; or

 

  (7) the purchase, repurchase, redemption or other acquisition or retirement for value of Equity Interests of the Company in exchange for Equity Interests or properties or assets of Utica.

The amount of all Restricted Payments (other than cash) will be the fair market value, on the date of the Restricted Payment, of the Restricted Investment proposed to be made or the asset(s) or securities proposed to be transferred or issued by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, pursuant to the Restricted Payment, except that the fair market value of any non-cash dividend or distribution paid within 60 days after the date of its declaration shall be determined as of such date. The fair market value of any Restricted Investment, assets or securities that are required to be valued by this covenant will be determined, in the case of amounts under $20.0 million, by an officer of the General Partner and, in the case of amounts over $20.0 million, by the Board of Directors of the Company, whose determination shall be evidenced by a Board Resolution. Not later than the date of making any Restricted Payment (excluding any Restricted Payment described in the preceding clause (2), (3), (4), (5), (6) or (7)) the Company will deliver to the trustee an officers’ certificate stating that such Restricted Payment is permitted and setting forth the basis upon which the calculations required by this “Restricted Payments” covenant were computed.

Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock

The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create, incur, issue, assume, guarantee or otherwise become directly or indirectly liable, contingently or otherwise, with respect to (collectively, “incur”) any Indebtedness (including Acquired Debt); the Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, issue any Disqualified Stock; and the Company will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to issue any other preferred securities; provided, however, that the Company and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries may incur Indebtedness (including Acquired Debt) or issue Disqualified Stock, and any Restricted Subsidiary may issue other preferred securities, if, for the Company’s most recently ended

 

24


Table of Contents

four full fiscal quarters for which internal financial statements are available immediately preceding the date on which such additional Indebtedness is incurred or such Disqualified Stock or other preferred securities are issued, the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio would have been at least 2.25 to 1.0, determined on a pro forma basis (including a pro forma application of the net proceeds therefrom), as if the additional Indebtedness had been incurred or Disqualified Stock or other preferred securities had been issued, as the case may be, at the beginning of such four-quarter period.

The first paragraph of this covenant will not prohibit the incurrence of any of the following items of Indebtedness or the issuance of any Disqualified Stock described in clause (13) below (collectively, “Permitted Debt”) or the issuance of any preferred securities described in clause (11) below:

 

  (1) the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of additional Indebtedness under one or more Credit Facilities, provided that, after giving effect to any such incurrence, the aggregate principal amount of all Indebtedness incurred under this clause (1) (with letters of credit being deemed to have a principal amount equal to the maximum potential liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries thereunder) and then outstanding does not exceed the greater of (a) $1,500 million or (b) $1,100 million plus 35.0% of the Company’s Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets;

 

  (2) the incurrence by the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries of the Existing Indebtedness;

 

  (3) the incurrence by the Company and the Guarantors of Indebtedness represented by (a) the original notes and the related Subsidiary Guarantees issued on the date of the indenture and (b) the Exchange Notes and the related Subsidiary Guarantees issued pursuant to any registration rights agreement;

 

  (4) the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness represented by Capital Lease Obligations, mortgage financings or purchase money obligations, in each case, incurred for the purpose of financing all or any part of the purchase price or cost of construction or improvement of property, plant or equipment used in the business of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, including all Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness incurred to extend, refinance, renew, replace, defease or refund any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this clause (4), provided that after giving effect to any such incurrence, the principal amount of all Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this clause (4) and then outstanding does not exceed the greater of (a) $25.0 million or (b) 2.5% of the Company’s Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets at such time;

 

  (5) the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness in exchange for, or the net proceeds of which are used to, extend, refinance, renew, replace, defease or refund Indebtedness that was permitted by the indenture to be incurred under the first paragraph of this covenant or clause (2) or (3) of this paragraph or this clause (5);

 

  (6) the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of intercompany Indebtedness between or among the Company and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; provided, however, that:

 

  (a) if the Company is the obligor on such Indebtedness and a Guarantor is not the obligee, such Indebtedness must be expressly subordinated to the prior payment in full in cash of all Obligations with respect to the notes, or if a Guarantor is the obligor on such Indebtedness and neither the Company nor another Guarantor is the obligee, such Indebtedness must be expressly subordinated to the prior payment in full in cash of all Obligations with respect to the Subsidiary Guarantee of such Guarantor; and

 

  (b) (i) any subsequent issuance or transfer of Equity Interests that results in any such Indebtedness being held by a Person other than the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company and (ii) any sale or other transfer of any such Indebtedness to a Person that is neither the Company nor a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company will be deemed, in each case, to constitute an incurrence of such Indebtedness by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, that was not permitted by this clause (6);

 

25


Table of Contents
  (7) the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of obligations under Hedging Contracts;

 

  (8) the guarantee by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries that was permitted to be incurred by another provision of this covenant;

 

  (9) the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of obligations relating to net Hydrocarbon balancing positions arising in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice;

 

  (10) the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness in respect of bid, performance, surety and similar bonds issued for the account of the Company and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business, including guarantees and obligations of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to letters of credit supporting such obligations (in each case other than an obligation for money borrowed);

 

  (11) the issuance by any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries to the Company or to any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of any preferred securities; provided, however, that:

 

  (a) any subsequent issuance or transfer of Equity Interests that results in any such preferred securities being held by a Person other than the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company; and

 

  (b) any sale or other transfer of any such preferred securities to a Person that is not either the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company shall be deemed, in each case, to constitute an issuance of such preferred securities by such Restricted Subsidiary that was not permitted by this clause (11);

 

  (12) the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of liability in respect of the Indebtedness of any Unrestricted Subsidiary of the Company or any Joint Venture but only to the extent that such liability is the result of the Company’s or any such Restricted Subsidiary’s being a general partner of such Unrestricted Subsidiary or Joint Venture and not as guarantor of such Indebtedness and provided that, after giving effect to any such incurrence, the aggregate principal amount of all Indebtedness incurred under this clause (12) and then outstanding does not exceed $25.0 million;

 

  (13) Permitted Acquisition Indebtedness; and

 

  (14) the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of additional Indebtedness, provided that, after giving effect to any such incurrence, the aggregate principal amount of all Indebtedness incurred under this clause (14) and then outstanding does not exceed the greater of (a) $50.0 million or (b) 5.0% of the Company’s Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets.

For purposes of determining compliance with this “Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock” covenant, in the event that an item of Indebtedness (including Acquired Debt) meets the criteria of more than one of the categories of Permitted Debt described in clauses (1) through (14) above, or is entitled to be incurred pursuant to the first paragraph of this covenant, the Company will be permitted to classify (or later classify or reclassify in whole or in part in its sole discretion) such item of Indebtedness in any manner that complies with this covenant. Any Indebtedness under Credit Facilities on the date of the indenture shall be considered incurred under the first paragraph of this covenant.

The accrual of interest, the accretion or amortization of original issue discount, the payment of interest on any Indebtedness in the form of additional Indebtedness with the same terms, and the payment of dividends on Disqualified Stock in the form of additional shares of the same class of Disqualified Stock will not be deemed to be an incurrence of Indebtedness or an issuance of Disqualified Stock for purposes of this covenant, provided, in each such case, that the amount thereof is included in Fixed Charges of the Company as accrued. Further, the accounting reclassification of any obligation of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries as Indebtedness will not be deemed an incurrence of Indebtedness for purposes of this covenant.

 

26


Table of Contents

Liens

The Company will not and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, create, incur, assume or otherwise cause or suffer to exist or become effective any Lien of any kind (other than Permitted Liens) securing Indebtedness or Attributable Debt upon any of their property or assets, now owned or hereafter acquired, unless the notes or any Subsidiary Guarantee of such Restricted Subsidiary, as applicable, is secured on an equal and ratable basis with (or on a senior basis to, in the case of obligations subordinated in right of payment to the notes or such Subsidiary Guarantee, as the case may be) the obligations so secured until such time as such obligations are no longer secured by a Lien.

Dividend and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries

The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create or permit to exist or become effective any consensual encumbrance or restriction on the ability of any Restricted Subsidiary to:

 

  (1) pay dividends or make any other distributions on its Capital Stock to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, or pay any Indebtedness or other obligations owed to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries;

 

  (2) make loans or advances to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; or

 

  (3) transfer any of its properties or assets to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries.

However, the preceding restrictions will not apply to encumbrances or restrictions existing under or by reason of:

 

  (1) agreements as in effect on the date of the indenture and any amendments, modifications, restatements, renewals, increases, supplements, refundings, replacements or refinancings of those agreements or the Indebtedness to which they relate, provided that the amendments, modifications, restatements, renewals, increases, supplements, refundings, replacements or refinancings are no more restrictive, taken as a whole, with respect to such dividend, distribution and other payment restrictions than those contained in those agreements on the date of the indenture;

 

  (2) the indenture, the notes and the Subsidiary Guarantees;

 

  (3) applicable law;

 

  (4) any instrument governing Indebtedness or Capital Stock of a Person acquired by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries as in effect at the time of such acquisition (except to the extent such Indebtedness or Capital Stock was incurred in connection with or in contemplation of such acquisition), which encumbrance or restriction is not applicable to any Person, or the properties or assets of any Person, other than the Person, or the property or assets of the Person, so acquired, provided that, in the case of Indebtedness, such Indebtedness was otherwise permitted by the terms of the indenture to be incurred;

 

  (5) customary non-assignment provisions in Hydrocarbon purchase and sale or exchange agreements or similar operational agreements or in licenses, easements or leases, in each case entered into in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practices;

 

  (6) Capital Lease Obligations, mortgage financings or purchase money obligations, in each case for property acquired in the ordinary course of business that impose restrictions on that property of the nature described in clause (3) of the preceding paragraph;

 

  (7) any agreement for the sale or other disposition of a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that restricts distributions by that Restricted Subsidiary pending its sale or other disposition;

 

  (8) Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness, provided that the restrictions contained in the agreements governing such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness are no more restrictive, taken as a whole, than those contained in the agreements governing the Indebtedness being refinanced;

 

27


Table of Contents
  (9) Liens securing Indebtedness otherwise permitted to be incurred under the provisions of the covenant described above under the caption “— Liens” that limit the right of the debtor to dispose of the assets subject to such Liens;

 

  (10) provisions with respect to the disposition or distribution of assets or property in joint venture agreements, asset sale agreements, stock sale agreements and other agreements described in the definition of “Permitted Business Investments,” entered into in the ordinary course of business;

 

  (11) any agreement or instrument relating to any property or assets acquired after the date of the indenture, so long as such encumbrance or restriction relates only to the property or assets so acquired and is not and was not created in anticipation of such acquisitions;

 

  (12) restrictions on cash or other deposits or net worth imposed by customers under contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business;

 

  (13) the issuance of preferred securities by a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company or the payment of dividends thereon in accordance with the terms thereof; provided that issuance of such preferred securities is permitted pursuant to the covenant described above under the caption “— Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock” and the terms of such preferred securities do not expressly restrict the ability of such Restricted Subsidiary to pay dividends or make any other distributions on its Capital Stock (other than requirements to pay dividends or liquidation preferences on such preferred securities prior to paying any dividends or making any other distributions on such other Capital Stock);

 

  (14) with respect to any Foreign Subsidiary, any encumbrance or restriction contained in the terms of any Indebtedness or any agreement pursuant to which such Indebtedness was incurred if either (a) the encumbrance or restriction applies only in the event of a payment default or a default with respect to a financial covenant in such Indebtedness or agreement or (b) the Company determines that any such encumbrance or restriction will not materially affect the Company’s ability to make principal or interest payments on the notes, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company, whose determination shall be conclusive; and

 

  (15) any other agreement governing Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor that is permitted to be incurred by the covenant described under “— Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock”; provided, however, that such encumbrances or restrictions are not materially more restrictive, taken as a whole, than those contained in the indenture or the Credit Agreement as it exists on the date of the indenture.

Merger, Consolidation or Sale of Assets

Neither of the Issuers may, directly or indirectly: (1) consolidate or merge with or into another Person (whether or not such Issuer is the survivor); or (2) sell, assign, transfer, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its properties or assets in one or more related transactions, to another Person, unless:

 

  (1) either: (a) such Issuer is the survivor or (b) the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than such Issuer) or to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition has been made is a Person organized or existing under the laws of the United States, any state of the United States or the District of Columbia; provided, however, that Finance Corp. may not consolidate or merge with or into any Person other than a corporation satisfying such requirement so long as the Company is not a corporation;

 

  (2) the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than such Issuer) or the Person to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition has been made assumes all the obligations of such Issuer under the notes, the indenture and the registration rights agreement pursuant to agreements reasonably satisfactory to the trustee;

 

  (3) immediately after such transaction no Default or Event of Default exists;

 

28


Table of Contents
  (4) in the case of a transaction involving the Company, either

 

  (a) the Company or the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than the Company), or to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition has been made will, on the date of such transaction after giving pro forma effect thereto and any related financing transactions as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, be permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio test set forth in the first paragraph of the covenant described above under the caption “— Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock;” or

 

  (b) immediately after giving effect to such transaction and any related financing transactions on a pro forma basis as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of the Company or the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than the Company), or to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition has been made, will be equal to or greater than the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of the Company immediately before such transactions; and

 

  (5) such Issuer has delivered to the trustee an officers’ certificate and an opinion of counsel, each stating that such consolidation, merger or disposition and such supplemental indenture (if any) comply with the indenture.

Notwithstanding the restrictions described in the foregoing clause (4), any Restricted Subsidiary (other than Finance Corp.) may consolidate with, merge into or dispose of all or part of its properties and assets to the Company without complying with the preceding clause (4) in connection with any such consolidation, merger or disposition.

Notwithstanding the second preceding paragraph, the Company is permitted to reorganize as any other form of entity in accordance with the following procedures provided that:

 

  (1) the reorganization involves the conversion (by merger, sale, contribution or exchange of assets or otherwise) of the Company into a form of entity other than a limited partnership formed under Delaware law;

 

  (2) the entity so formed by or resulting from such reorganization is an entity organized or existing under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

 

  (3) the entity so formed by or resulting from such reorganization assumes all the obligations of the Company under the notes, the indenture and the registration rights agreement pursuant to agreements reasonably satisfactory to the trustee;

 

  (4) immediately after such reorganization no Default or Event of Default exists; and

 

  (5) such reorganization is not materially adverse to the Holders or Beneficial Owners of the notes (for purposes of this clause (5) a reorganization will not be considered materially adverse to the Holders or Beneficial Owners of the notes solely because the successor or survivor of such reorganization (a) is subject to federal or state income taxation as an entity or (b) is considered to be an “includible corporation” of an affiliated group of corporations within the meaning of Section 1504(b) of the Code or any similar state or local law).

Although there is a limited body of case law interpreting the phrase “substantially all,” there is no precise established definition of the phrase under applicable law. Accordingly, in certain circumstances there may be a degree of uncertainty as to whether a particular transaction would involve “all or substantially all” of the properties or assets of a Person.

 

29


Table of Contents

Transactions with Affiliates

The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, make any payment to, or sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of its properties or assets to, or purchase any property or assets from, or enter into or make or amend any transaction, contract, agreement, understanding, loan, advance or guarantee with, or for the benefit of, any Affiliate of the Company (each, an “Affiliate Transaction”), unless:

 

  (1) the Affiliate Transaction is on terms that are no less favorable to the Company or the relevant Restricted Subsidiary than those that would have been obtained in a comparable transaction by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary with an unrelated Person; and

 

  (2) the Company delivers to the trustee, with respect to any Affiliate Transaction or series of related Affiliate Transactions involving aggregate consideration in excess of $20.0 million, a resolution of the Board of Directors of the Company set forth in an officers’ certificate certifying that such Affiliate Transaction or series of Affiliate Transactions complies with this covenant and that such Affiliate Transaction or series of related Affiliate Transactions has been approved by a majority of the disinterested members of the Board of Directors of the Company.

The following items will not be deemed to be Affiliate Transactions and, therefore, will not be subject to the provisions of the prior paragraph:

 

  (1) any employment, equity award, equity option or equity appreciation agreement or plan entered into by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business;

 

  (2) transactions between or among any of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries;

 

  (3) transactions with a Person (other than an Unrestricted Subsidiary of the Company) that is an Affiliate of the Company solely because the Company owns an Equity Interest in such Person;

 

  (4) transactions effected in accordance with the terms of agreements that are identified in the indenture, in each case as such agreements are in effect on the date of the indenture, and any amendment or replacement of any of such agreements so long as such amendment or replacement agreement is no less advantageous to the Company in any material respect than the agreement so amended or replaced;

 

  (5) customary compensation, indemnification and other benefits made available to officers, directors or employees of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary or Affiliate of the Company, including reimbursement or advancement of out-of-pocket expenses and provisions of officers’ and directors’ liability insurance;

 

  (6) sales of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) to, or receipt of capital contributions from, Affiliates of the Company;

 

  (7) Permitted Investments or Restricted Payments that are permitted by the provisions of the indenture described above under the caption “— Restricted Payments;” and

 

  (8) in the case of contracts for buying and selling Hydrocarbons or other operational contracts, any such contracts are entered into in the ordinary course of business on terms substantially similar to those contained in similar contracts entered into by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries and unrelated third parties.

Designation of Restricted and Unrestricted Subsidiaries

The Board of Directors of the Company may designate any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to be an Unrestricted Subsidiary if that designation would not cause a Default. If a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company is designated as an Unrestricted Subsidiary, the aggregate fair market value of all outstanding Investments owned by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the Subsidiary properly designated as an Unrestricted Subsidiary will be deemed to be either an Investment made as of the time of the designation that will reduce the amount available for Restricted Payments under the first paragraph of the covenant described above under the

 

30


Table of Contents

caption “— Restricted Payments” or represent Permitted Investments, as determined by the Company. That designation will only be permitted if the Investment would be permitted at that time and if the Subsidiary so designated otherwise meets the definition of an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

The Board of Directors of the Company may at any time designate any Unrestricted Subsidiary to be a Restricted Subsidiary, provided that such designation will be deemed to be an incurrence of Indebtedness by a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company of any outstanding Indebtedness of such Unrestricted Subsidiary and such designation will only be permitted if (1) such Indebtedness is permitted under the covenant described above under the caption “— Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock,” calculated on a pro forma basis as if such designation had occurred at the beginning of the four-quarter reference period, and (2) no Default or Event of Default would be in existence following such designation.

Additional Subsidiary Guarantees

If, after the date of the indenture, any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that is not already a Guarantor guarantees any other Indebtedness of either of the Issuers or any Guarantor, or any Domestic Subsidiary, if not then a Guarantor, incurs any Indebtedness under any Credit Facility, then in either case that Subsidiary will become a Guarantor by executing a supplemental indenture and delivering it to the trustee within 20 Business Days of the date on which it guaranteed or incurred such Indebtedness, as the case may be; provided, however, that the preceding shall not apply to Subsidiaries of the Company that have properly been designated as Unrestricted Subsidiaries in accordance with the indenture for so long as they continue to constitute Unrestricted Subsidiaries. Notwithstanding the preceding, any Subsidiary Guarantee of a Restricted Subsidiary that was incurred pursuant to this paragraph will be released in the circumstances described in clause (6) under “— Subsidiary Guarantees.”

Business Activities

The Company will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, engage in any business other than the Oil and Gas Business, except to such extent as would not be material to the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole.

Finance Corp. may not incur Indebtedness unless (1) the Company is a co-obligor or guarantor of such Indebtedness or (2) the net proceeds of such Indebtedness are loaned to the Company, used to acquire outstanding debt securities issued by the Company or used to repay Indebtedness of the Company as permitted under the covenant described above under the caption “— Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock.” Finance Corp. may not engage in any business not related directly or indirectly to obtaining money or arranging financing for the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries.

Reports

Whether or not required by the Commission, so long as any notes are outstanding, the Company will file with the Commission for public availability within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and regulations (unless the Commission will not accept such a filing), and the Company will furnish to the trustee and, upon its prior request, to any of the Holders or Beneficial Owners of notes, within five Business Days of filing, or attempting to file, the same with the Commission:

 

  (1) all quarterly and annual financial and other information with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries that would be required to be contained in a filing with the Commission on Forms 10-Q and 10-K if the Company were required to file such Forms, including a “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and, with respect to the annual information only, a report on the annual financial statements by the Company’s certified independent accountants; and

 

31


Table of Contents
  (2) all current reports that would be required to be filed with the Commission on Form 8-K if the Company were required to file such reports.

The availability of the foregoing information or reports on the SEC’s website will be deemed to satisfy the foregoing delivery requirements.

If the Company has designated any of its Subsidiaries as Unrestricted Subsidiaries, then, to the extent material, the quarterly and annual financial information required by the preceding paragraph will include a reasonably detailed presentation, either on the face of the financial statements or in the footnotes thereto, and in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of the financial condition and results of operations of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries separate from the financial condition and results of operations of the Unrestricted Subsidiaries of the Company.

In addition, the Company and the Guarantors have agreed that, for so long as any notes remain outstanding, they will furnish to the Holders and Beneficial Owners of the notes and to securities analysts and prospective investors in the notes, upon their request, the information required to be delivered pursuant to Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Securities Act.

Covenant Termination

If at any time (a) the rating assigned to the notes by both S&P and Moody’s is an Investment Grade Rating, (b) no Default has occurred and is continuing under the indenture and (c) the Issuers have delivered to the trustee an officers’ certificate certifying to the foregoing provisions of this sentence, the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries will no longer be subject to the provisions of the indenture described above under the caption “— Repurchase at the Option of Holders — Asset Sales” and the following provisions of the indenture described above under the caption “— Certain Covenants”:

 

   

“— Restricted Payments,”

 

   

“— Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock,”

 

   

“— Dividend and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries,”

 

   

“— Transactions with Affiliates,”

 

   

“— Designation of Restricted and Unrestricted Subsidiaries,” and

 

   

“— Business Activities.”

However, the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries will remain subject to the provisions of the indenture described above under the caption “— Repurchase at the Option of Holders — Change of Control,” and the following provisions of the indenture described above under the caption “— Certain Covenants”:

 

   

“— Liens,”

 

   

“— Merger, Consolidation or Sale of Assets” (other than the financial tests set forth in clause (4) of such covenant),

 

   

“— Additional Subsidiary Guarantees,”

 

   

“— Reports,” and

 

   

the covenant respecting payments for consent described below in the last paragraph under the caption “— Amendment, Supplement and Waiver.”

 

32


Table of Contents

Events of Default and Remedies

Each of the following is an Event of Default:

 

  (1) default for 30 days in the payment when due of interest on the notes;

 

  (2) default in payment when due of the principal of, or premium, if any, on the notes;

 

  (3) failure by the Company to comply with the provisions described under the captions “— Repurchase at the Option of Holders — Change of Control,” “— Asset Sales” or “— Certain Covenants — Merger, Consolidation or Sale of Assets;”

 

  (4) failure by the Company for 180 days after notice to comply with the provisions described under “— Certain Covenants — Reports;”

 

  (5) failure by the Company for 60 days after notice to comply with any of its other agreements in the indenture;

 

  (6) default under any mortgage, indenture or instrument under which there may be issued or by which there may be secured or evidenced any Indebtedness for money borrowed by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (or the payment of which is guaranteed by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries), whether such Indebtedness or guarantee now exists, or is created after the date of the indenture, if that default:

 

  (a) is caused by a failure to pay principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on such Indebtedness prior to the expiration of the grace period provided in such Indebtedness (a “Payment Default”); or

 

  (b) results in the acceleration of such Indebtedness prior to its Stated Maturity,

and, in each case, the principal amount of any such Indebtedness, together with the principal amount of any other such Indebtedness under which there has been a Payment Default or the maturity of which has been so accelerated, aggregates $10.0 million or more; provided, however, that if any such Payment Default is cured or waived or any such acceleration rescinded, or such Indebtedness is repaid, within a period of 60 days from the continuation of such Payment Default beyond the applicable grace period or the occurrence of such acceleration, as the case may be, such Event of Default and any consequential acceleration of the notes shall be automatically rescinded, so long as such rescission does not conflict with any judgment or decree;

 

  (7) failure by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to pay final judgments aggregating in excess of $10.0 million (to the extent not covered by insurance by a reputable and creditworthy insurer as to which the insurer has not disclaimed coverage), which judgments are not paid, discharged or stayed for a period of 60 days;

 

  (8) except as permitted by the indenture, any Subsidiary Guarantee shall be held in any judicial proceeding to be unenforceable or invalid or shall cease for any reason to be in full force and effect or any Guarantor, or any Person acting on behalf of any Guarantor, shall deny or disaffirm its obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee; and

 

  (9) certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization described in the indenture with respect to Finance Corp., the Company or any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries that is a Significant Subsidiary or any group of its Restricted Subsidiaries that, taken as a whole, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary of the Company.

In the case of an Event of Default arising from certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, with respect to Finance Corp., the Company, any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that is a Significant Subsidiary or any group of its Restricted Subsidiaries that, taken together, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary of the Company, all outstanding notes will become due and payable immediately without further action or notice. If any other Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the then outstanding notes may declare all the notes to be due and payable immediately.

 

33


Table of Contents

Holders of the notes may not enforce the indenture or the notes except as provided in the indenture. Subject to certain limitations, Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding notes may direct the trustee in its exercise of any trust or power. The trustee may withhold notice of any continuing Default or Event of Default from Holders of the notes if it determines that withholding notice is in their interest, except a Default or Event of Default relating to the payment of principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on, the notes.

The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the notes then outstanding by notice to the trustee may on behalf of the Holders of all of the notes waive any existing Default or Event of Default and its consequences under the indenture except a continuing Default or Event of Default in the payment of principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on, the notes.

The Issuers are required to deliver to the trustee annually a statement regarding compliance with the indenture. Upon any officer of the General Partner or Finance Corp. becoming aware of any Default or Event of Default, the Issuers are required to deliver to the trustee a statement specifying such Default or Event of Default.

No Personal Liability of Directors, Officers, Employees and Unitholders

No director, officer, partner, employee, incorporator, manager or unitholder or other owner of Capital Stock of the Issuers or any Guarantor, as such, will have any liability for any obligations of the Issuers or any Guarantor under the notes, the indenture or the Subsidiary Guarantees, or for any claim based on, in respect of, or by reason of, such obligations or their creation. Each Holder of notes by accepting a note waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for issuance of the notes. The waiver may not be effective to waive liabilities under the federal securities laws.

Legal Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance

The Issuers may, at their option and at any time, elect to have all of their obligations discharged with respect to the outstanding notes and all obligations of the Guarantors discharged with respect to their Subsidiary Guarantees (“Legal Defeasance”), except for:

 

  (1) the rights of Holders of outstanding notes to receive payments in respect of the principal of, and interest or premium, if any, on, such notes when such payments are due from the trust referred to below;

 

  (2) the Issuers’ obligations with respect to the notes concerning issuing temporary notes, registration of notes, mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen notes and the maintenance of an office or agency for payment and money for security payments held in trust;

 

  (3) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the trustee, and the Issuers’ obligations in connection therewith; and

 

  (4) the Legal Defeasance provisions of the indenture.

In addition, the Issuers may, at their option and at any time, elect to have their obligations released with respect to certain covenants that are described in the indenture (“Covenant Defeasance”) and thereafter any omission to comply with those covenants will not constitute a Default or Event of Default with respect to the notes. In the event Covenant Defeasance occurs, certain events (not including non-payment, bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization events) described under “— Events of Default and Remedies” will no longer constitute an Event of Default with respect to the notes. If the Issuers exercise either their Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance option, each Guarantor will be released and relieved of any obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee and any security for the notes (other than the trust) will be released.

In order to exercise either Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance:

 

  (1)

the Issuers must irrevocably deposit with the trustee, in trust, for the benefit of the Holders of the notes, cash in U.S. dollars, non-callable Government Securities, or a combination of cash in U.S. dollars and

 

34


Table of Contents
  non-callable Government Securities, in amounts as will be sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants, to pay the principal of, and interest and premium, if any, on, the outstanding notes on the date of fixed maturity or on the applicable redemption date, as the case may be, and the Issuers must specify whether the notes are being defeased to the date of fixed maturity or to a particular redemption date;

 

  (2) in the case of Legal Defeasance, the Issuers must deliver to the trustee an opinion of counsel reasonably acceptable to the trustee confirming that:

 

  (a) the Issuers have received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or

 

  (b) since the date of the indenture, there has been a change in the applicable U.S. federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion of counsel will confirm that, the Holders of the outstanding notes will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of such Legal Defeasance and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Legal Defeasance had not occurred;

 

  (3) in the case of Covenant Defeasance, the Issuers must deliver to the trustee an opinion of counsel reasonably acceptable to the trustee confirming that the Holders of the outstanding notes will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Covenant Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred;

 

  (4) no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing on the date of such deposit (other than a Default or Event of Default resulting from the borrowing of funds to be applied to such deposit);

 

  (5) such Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any material agreement or instrument (other than the indenture) to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound;

 

  (6) the Issuers must deliver to the trustee an officers’ certificate stating that the deposit was not made by the Issuers with the intent of preferring the Holders of notes over the other creditors of the Issuers with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors of the Issuers or others; and

 

  (7) the Issuers must deliver to the trustee an officers’ certificate and an opinion of counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent relating to the Legal Defeasance or the Covenant Defeasance have been complied with.

Amendment, Supplement and Waiver

Except as provided in the next two succeeding paragraphs, the indenture or the notes may be amended or supplemented with the consent of the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding notes (including, without limitation, consents obtained in connection with a purchase of, or tender offer or exchange offer for, notes), and any existing default or compliance with any provision of the indenture or the notes may be waived with the consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding notes (including, without limitation, consents obtained in connection with a purchase of, or tender offer or exchange offer for, notes).

Without the consent of each Holder affected, an amendment, supplement or waiver may not (with respect to any notes held by a non-consenting Holder):

 

  (1) reduce the principal amount of notes whose Holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver;

 

  (2) reduce the principal of or change the fixed maturity of any note or alter the provisions with respect to the redemption or repurchase of the notes (other than provisions relating to the covenants described above under the caption “— Repurchase at the Option of Holders”);

 

35


Table of Contents
  (3) reduce the rate of or change the time for payment of interest on any note;

 

  (4) waive a Default or Event of Default in the payment of principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on the notes (except a rescission of acceleration of the notes by the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the notes and a waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration);

 

  (5) make any note payable in currency other than that stated in the notes;

 

  (6) make any change in the provisions of the indenture relating to waivers of past Defaults or the rights of Holders of notes to receive payments of principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on the notes (other than as permitted in clause (7) below);

 

  (7) waive a redemption or repurchase payment with respect to any note (other than a payment required by one of the covenants described above under the caption “— Repurchase at the Option of Holders”);

 

  (8) release any Guarantor from any of its obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee or the indenture, except in accordance with the terms of the indenture; or

 

  (9) make any change in the preceding amendment, supplement and waiver provisions.

Notwithstanding the preceding, without the consent of any Holder of notes, the Issuers, the Guarantors and the trustee may amend or supplement the indenture or the notes:

 

  (1) to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency;

 

  (2) to provide for uncertificated notes in addition to or in place of certificated notes;

 

  (3) to provide for the assumption of an Issuer’s obligations to Holders of notes in the case of a merger or consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of such Issuer’s properties or assets;

 

  (4) to make any change that would provide any additional rights or benefits to the Holders of notes or that does not adversely affect the legal rights under the indenture of any such Holder, provided that any change to conform the indenture to our offering memorandum relating to the original notes will not be deemed to adversely affect such legal rights;

 

  (5) to secure the notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees pursuant to the requirements of the covenant described above under the subheading “— Certain Covenants — Liens;”

 

  (6) to provide for the issuance of additional notes in accordance with the limitations set forth in the indenture;

 

  (7) to add any additional Guarantor or to evidence the release of any Guarantor from its Subsidiary Guarantee, in each case as provided in the indenture;

 

  (8) to comply with requirements of the Commission in order to effect or maintain the qualification of the indenture under the Trust Indenture Act; or

 

  (9) to evidence or provide for the acceptance of appointment under the indenture of a successor trustee.

Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall, directly or indirectly, pay or cause to be paid any consideration, whether by way of interest, fee or otherwise, to any Beneficial Owner or Holder of any notes for or as an inducement to any consent to any waiver, supplement or amendment of any terms or provisions of the indenture or the notes, unless such consideration is offered to be paid or agreed to be paid to all Beneficial Owners and Holders of the notes that so consent in the time frame set forth in solicitation documents relating to such consent.

 

36


Table of Contents

Satisfaction and Discharge

The indenture will be discharged and will cease to be of further effect as to all notes issued thereunder (except as to surviving rights of registration of transfer or exchange of the notes and as otherwise specified in the indenture), when:

 

  (1) either:

 

  (a) all notes that have been authenticated, except lost, stolen or destroyed notes that have been replaced or paid and notes for whose payment money has been deposited in trust and thereafter repaid to the Issuers, have been delivered to the trustee for cancellation; or

 

  (b) all notes that have not been delivered to the trustee for cancellation have become due and payable or will become due and payable within one year by reason of the mailing of a notice of redemption or otherwise and the Issuers or any Guarantor has irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the trustee as trust funds in trust solely for the benefit of the Holders, cash in U.S. dollars, non-callable Government Securities, or a combination of cash in U.S. dollars and non-callable Government Securities, in amounts as will be sufficient without consideration of any reinvestment of interest, to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on the notes not delivered to the trustee for cancellation for principal, premium, if any, and accrued interest to the date of fixed maturity or redemption;

 

  (2) no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing on the date of the deposit or will occur as a result of the deposit (other than a Default or Event of Default resulting from the borrowing of funds to be applied to such deposit) and the deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any material agreement or instrument (other than the indenture) to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound;

 

  (3) the Issuers or any Guarantor has paid or caused to be paid all sums payable by it under the indenture; and

 

  (4) the Issuers have delivered irrevocable instructions to the trustee to apply the deposited money toward the payment of the notes at fixed maturity or the redemption date, as the case may be.

In addition, the Issuers must deliver an officers’ certificate and an opinion of counsel to the trustee stating that all conditions precedent to satisfaction and discharge have been satisfied.

Concerning the Trustee

U.S. Bank National Association serves as trustee under the indenture for the outstanding 8.625% Senior Notes due 2020 and is a lender under our bank credit facility.

If the trustee becomes a creditor of an Issuer or any Guarantor, the indenture limits its right to obtain payment of claims in certain cases or to realize on certain property received in respect of any such claim as security or otherwise. The trustee will be permitted to engage in other transactions; however, if it acquires any conflicting interest (as defined in the Trust Indenture Act) after a Default has occurred and is continuing, it must eliminate such conflict within 90 days, apply to the Commission for permission to continue as trustee (if the indenture has been qualified under the Trust Indenture Act) or resign.

The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding notes will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for exercising any remedy available to the trustee, subject to certain exceptions. The indenture provides that in case an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the trustee will be required, in the exercise of its powers, to use the degree of care of a prudent man in the conduct of his own affairs. Subject to such provisions, the trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under the indenture at the request of any Holder of notes, unless such Holder has offered to the trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to it against any loss, liability or expense.

 

37


Table of Contents

Governing Law

The indenture, the original notes and the Subsidiary Guarantees are, and the new notes will be, governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.

Book-Entry, Delivery and Form

The new notes will be issued initially only in the form of one or more global notes (collectively, the “Global Notes”). The Global Notes will be deposited upon issuance with the trustee as custodian for DTC and registered in the name of DTC’s nominee, Cede & Co., in each case for credit to an account of a direct or indirect participant in DTC as described below. Beneficial interests in the Global Notes may be held through the Euroclear System (“Euroclear”) and Clearstream Banking, S.A. (“Clearstream”) (as indirect participants in DTC).

The Global Notes may be transferred, in whole but not in part, only to another nominee of DTC or to a successor of DTC or its nominee. Beneficial interests in the Global Notes may not be exchanged for notes in registered, certificated form (“Certificated Notes”) except in the limited circumstances described below. See “— Exchange of Global Notes for Certificated Notes.”

In addition, transfers of beneficial interests in the Global Notes will be subject to the applicable rules and procedures of DTC and its direct or indirect participants (including, if applicable, those of Euroclear and Clearstream), which may change from time to time.

Depository Procedures

The following description of the operations and procedures of DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream are provided solely as a matter of convenience. These operations and procedures are solely within the control of the respective settlement systems and are subject to changes by them. We take no responsibility for these operations and procedures and urge investors to contact the system or their participants directly to discuss these matters.

DTC has advised us that DTC is a limited-purpose trust company created to hold securities for its participating organizations (collectively, the “Participants”) and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of transactions in those securities between Participants through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of its Participants. The Participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations. Access to DTC’s system is also available to other entities such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a Participant, either directly or indirectly (collectively, the “Indirect Participants”). Persons who are not Participants may beneficially own securities held by or on behalf of DTC only through the Participants or the Indirect Participants. The ownership interests in, and transfers of ownership interests in, each security held by or on behalf of DTC are recorded on the records of the Participants and Indirect Participants.

DTC has also advised us that, pursuant to procedures established by it:

 

  (1) upon deposit of the Global Notes, DTC will credit the accounts of Participants designated by an underwriter of the new notes with portions of the principal amount of the Global Notes; and

 

  (2) ownership of these interests in the Global Notes will be shown on, and the transfer of ownership of these interests will be effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to the Participants) or by the Participants and the Indirect Participants (with respect to other owners of beneficial interests in the Global Notes).

Investors in the Global Notes who are Participants in DTC’s system may hold their interests therein directly through DTC. Investors in the Global Notes who are not Participants may hold their interests therein indirectly through organizations (including Euroclear and Clearstream) that are Participants in such system. Euroclear and

 

38


Table of Contents

Clearstream may hold interests in the Global Notes on behalf of their participants through customers’ securities accounts in their respective names on the books of their depositories, which are Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V, as operator of Euroclear, and Citibank, N.A., as operator of Clearstream. All interests in a Global Note, including those held through Euroclear or Clearstream, may be subject to the procedures and requirements of DTC. Those interests held through Euroclear or Clearstream may also be subject to the procedures and requirements of such systems.

The laws of some states require that certain Persons take physical delivery in definitive form of securities that they own. Consequently, the ability to transfer beneficial interests in a Global Note to such Persons will be limited to that extent. Because DTC can act only on behalf of Participants, which in turn act on behalf of Indirect Participants, the ability of a Person having beneficial interests in a Global Note to pledge such interests to Persons that do not participate in the DTC system, or otherwise take actions in respect of such interests, may be affected by the lack of a physical certificate evidencing such interests.

Except as described below, owners of beneficial interests in the Global Notes will not have notes registered in their names, will not receive physical delivery of Certificated Notes and will not be considered the registered owners or “Holders” thereof under the indenture for any purpose.

Payments in respect of the principal of, and interest and premium, if any, on, a Global Note registered in the name of DTC or its nominee will be payable to DTC in its capacity as the registered Holder under the indenture. Under the terms of the indenture, the Issuers, the Guarantors and the trustee will treat the Persons in whose names the notes, including the Global Notes, are registered as the owners of the notes for the purpose of receiving payments and for all other purposes. Consequently, neither the Issuers, the Guarantors, the trustee nor any agent of an Issuer or the trustee has or will have any responsibility or liability for:

 

  (1) any aspect of DTC’s records or any Participant’s or Indirect Participant’s records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in the Global Notes or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any of DTC’s records or any Participant’s or Indirect Participant’s records relating to the beneficial ownership interests in the Global Notes; or

 

  (2) any other matter relating to the actions and practices of DTC or any of its Participants or Indirect Participants.

DTC has advised us that its current practice, at the due date of any payment in respect of securities such as the notes, is to credit the accounts of the relevant Participants with the payment on the payment date unless DTC has reason to believe it will not receive payment on such payment date. Each relevant Participant is credited with an amount proportionate to its beneficial ownership of an interest in the principal amount of the notes as shown on the records of DTC. Payments by the Participants and the Indirect Participants to the beneficial owners of notes will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices and will be the responsibility of the Participants or the Indirect Participants and will not be the responsibility of DTC, the trustee or the Issuers. Neither the Issuers nor the trustee will be liable for any delay by DTC or any of its Participants in identifying the beneficial owners of the notes, and the Issuers and the trustee may conclusively rely on and will be protected in relying on instructions from DTC or its nominee for all purposes.

Transfers between Participants in DTC will be effected in accordance with DTC’s procedures, and will be settled in same-day funds, and transfers between participants in Euroclear and Clearstream will be effected in accordance with their respective rules and operating procedures.

Crossmarket transfers between the Participants in DTC, on the one hand, and Euroclear or Clearstream participants, on the other hand, will be effected through DTC in accordance with DTC’s rules on behalf of Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, by its depository; however, such cross-market transactions will require delivery of instructions to Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, by the counterparty in such system in accordance with the rules and procedures and within the established deadlines (Brussels time) of such

 

39


Table of Contents

system. Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, will, if the transaction meets its settlement requirements, deliver instructions to its respective depository to take action to effect final settlement on its behalf by delivering or receiving interests in the relevant Global Note in DTC and making or receiving payment in accordance with normal procedures for same-day funds settlement applicable to DTC. Euroclear participants and Clearstream participants may not deliver instructions directly to the depositories for Euroclear or Clearstream.

DTC has advised us that it will take any action permitted to be taken by a Holder of notes only at the direction of one or more Participants to whose account DTC has credited the interests in the Global Notes and only in respect of such portion of the aggregate principal amount of the notes as to which such Participant or Participants has or have given such direction. However, if there is an Event of Default under the notes, DTC reserves the right to exchange the Global Notes for Certificated Notes, and to distribute such notes to its Participants.

Although DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream have agreed to the foregoing procedures to facilitate transfers of interests in the Global Notes among participants in DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream, they are under no obligation to perform or to continue to perform such procedures and may discontinue such procedures at any time. None of the Issuers, the trustee or any of their respective agents will have any responsibility for the performance by DTC, Euroclear or Clearstream or their respective participants or indirect participants of their respective obligations under the rules and procedures governing their operations.

Exchange of Global Notes for Certificated Notes

A Global Note is exchangeable for Certificated Notes in minimum denominations of $2,000 and in integral multiples of $1,000 in excess of $2,000, if:

 

  (1) DTC (a) notifies the Issuers that it is unwilling or unable to continue as depositary for the Global Note or (b) has ceased to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and in either event the Issuers fail to appoint a successor depositary within 90 days; or

 

  (2) there has occurred and is continuing an Event of Default and DTC notifies the trustee of its decision to exchange the Global Note for Certificated Notes.

Beneficial interests in a Global Note may also be exchanged for Certificated Notes in the other limited circumstances permitted by the indenture, including if an affiliate of ours acquires such interests. In all cases, Certificated Notes delivered in exchange for any Global Note or beneficial interests in Global Notes will be registered in the names, and issued in any approved denominations, requested by or on behalf of the depositary (in accordance with its customary procedures).

Exchange of Certificated Notes for Global Notes

Certificated Notes may not be exchanged for beneficial interests in any Global Note, except in the limited circumstances provided in the indenture.

Same-Day Settlement and Payment

The Issuers will make payments in respect of the notes represented by the Global Notes (including principal, premium, if any, and interest) by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the accounts specified by the Global Note Holder. The Issuers will make all payments of principal, interest and premium, if any, with respect to Certificated Notes by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the accounts specified by the Holders of the Certificated Notes or, if no such account is specified, by mailing a check to each such Holder’s registered address. The notes represented by the Global Notes are eligible to trade in DTC’s Same-Day Funds Settlement System, and any permitted secondary market trading activity in such notes will, therefore, be required by DTC to be settled in immediately available funds. We expect that secondary trading in any Certificated Notes will also be settled in immediately available funds.

 

40


Table of Contents

Because of time zone differences, the securities account of a Euroclear or Clearstream participant purchasing an interest in a Global Note from a Participant in DTC will be credited, and any such crediting will be reported to the relevant Euroclear or Clearstream participant, during the securities settlement processing day (which must be a business day for Euroclear and Clearstream) immediately following the settlement date of DTC. DTC has advised us that cash received in Euroclear or Clearstream as a result of sales of interests in a Global Note by or through a Euroclear or Clearstream participant to a Participant in DTC will be received with value on the settlement date of DTC but will be available in the relevant Euroclear or Clearstream cash account only as of the business day for Euroclear or Clearstream following DTC’s settlement date.

Certain Definitions

Set forth below are certain defined terms used in the indenture. Reference is made to the indenture for a full disclosure of all such terms, as well as any other capitalized terms used herein for which no definition is provided.

“Acquired Debt” means, with respect to any specified Person:

 

  (1) Indebtedness of any other Person existing at the time such other Person was merged with or into or became a Subsidiary of such specified Person, whether or not such Indebtedness is incurred in connection with, or in contemplation of, such other Person merging with or into, or becoming a Subsidiary of, such specified Person, but excluding Indebtedness which is extinguished, retired or repaid in connection with such Person merging with or into or becoming a Subsidiary of such specified Person; and

 

  (2) Indebtedness secured by a Lien encumbering any asset acquired by such specified Person.

Additional Assets” means:

 

  (1) any assets used or useful in the Oil and Gas Business, other than Indebtedness or Capital Stock;

 

  (2) the Capital Stock of a Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary as a result of the acquisition of such Capital Stock by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; or

 

  (3) Capital Stock constituting a minority interest in any Person that at such time is a Restricted Subsidiary;

provided, however, that any such Restricted Subsidiary described in clause (2) or (3) is primarily engaged in the Oil and Gas Business.

“Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets” of a specified Person means (without duplication), as of the date of determination:

 

  (1) the sum of:

 

  (a) discounted future net revenue from proved crude oil and natural gas reserves of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines before any state or federal or other income taxes, as estimated by such Person in a reserve report prepared as of the end of the fiscal year of such Person for which audited financial statements are available, as increased by, as of the date of determination, the estimated discounted future net revenue from:

 

  (i) estimated proved crude oil and natural gas reserves of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries attributable to acquisitions consummated since the date of such reserve report, which reserves were not reflected in such reserve report, and

 

  (ii)

estimated crude oil and natural gas reserves of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries attributable to extensions, discoveries and other additions and upward revisions of estimates of proved crude oil and natural gas reserves (including previously estimated development costs incurred during the period and the accretion of discount since the prior period end) due

 

41


Table of Contents
  to exploration, development or exploitation, production or other activities which would, in accordance with standard industry practice, cause such revisions, in the case of clauses (i) and (ii) calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the prices utilized in such year-end reserve report),

and decreased by, as of the date of determination, the estimated discounted future net revenue attributable to:

 

  (A) estimated proved crude oil and natural gas reserves of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries reflected in such reserve report produced or disposed of since the date of such reserve report, and

 

  (B) reductions in the estimated crude oil and natural gas reserves of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries reflected in such reserve report since the date of such reserve report due to changes in geological conditions or other factors which would, in accordance with standard industry practice, cause such revisions, in the case of clauses (A) and (B) calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the prices utilized in such year-end reserve report); provided, however, that, in the case of each of the determinations made pursuant to clauses (i), (ii), (A) and (B) above, such increases and decreases shall be estimated by the Company’s petroleum engineers;

 

  (b) the capitalized costs that are attributable to crude oil and natural gas properties of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries to which no proved crude oil and natural gas reserves are attributable, based on such Person’s books and records as of a date no earlier than the date of such Person’s latest available annual or quarterly financial statements;

 

  (c) the Net Working Capital of such Person as of a date no earlier than the date of such Person’s latest available annual or quarterly financial statements; and

 

  (d) the greater of:

 

  (i) the net book value of other tangible assets of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries as of a date no earlier than the date of such Person’s latest available annual or quarterly financial statements, and

 

  (ii) the appraised value, as estimated by independent appraisers, of other tangible assets of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries as of a date no earlier than the date of such Person’s latest available annual or quarterly financial statements (provided that such Person shall not be required to obtain such an appraisal of such assets if no such appraisal has been performed);

minus

 

  (2) the sum of:

 

  (a) Minority Interests;

 

  (b) to the extent not otherwise taken into account in determining Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets, any net natural gas balancing liabilities of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries reflected in such Person’s latest audited financial statements;

 

  (c) to the extent included in clause (1)(a) above, the discounted future net revenue, calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the prices utilized in such Person’s year end reserve report), attributable to reserves subject to participation interests, overriding royalty interests or other interests of third parties, pursuant to participation, partnership, vendor financing or other agreements then in effect, or which otherwise are required to be delivered to third parties;

 

  (d)

to the extent included in clause (1)(a) above, the discounted future net revenue calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the prices utilized in such Person’s year end reserve

 

42


Table of Contents
  report), attributable to reserves that are required to be delivered to third parties to fully satisfy the obligations of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to Volumetric Production Payments on the schedules specified with respect thereto; and

 

  (e) the discounted future net revenue, calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines, attributable to reserves subject to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments that, based on the estimates of production and price assumptions included in determining the discounted future net revenue specified in clause (1)(a) above, would be necessary to satisfy fully the obligations of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments on the schedules specified with respect thereto.

“Affiliate” of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person. For purposes of this definition, “control,” as used with respect to any Person, means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise; provided, however, that beneficial ownership of 10% or more of the Voting Stock of a Person will be deemed to be control by the other Person; and further, that any third Person which also beneficially owns 10% or more of the Voting Stock of a specified Person shall not be deemed to be an Affiliate of either the specified Person or the other Person merely because of such common ownership in such specified Person. For purposes of this definition, the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with” have correlative meanings.

Asset Sale” means:

 

  (1) the sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition of any properties or assets (including by way of a Production Payment or a sale and leaseback transaction); provided, however, that the disposition of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole will be governed by the provisions of the indenture described above under the caption “— Repurchase at the Option of Holders — Change of Control” and/or the provisions described above under the caption “— Certain Covenants — Merger, Consolidation or Sale of Assets” and not by the provisions of the Asset Sales covenant; and

 

  (2) the issuance of Equity Interests in any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries or the sale of Equity Interests in any of its Restricted Subsidiaries.

Notwithstanding the preceding, the following items will not be deemed to be Asset Sales:

 

  (1) any single transaction or series of related transactions that involves properties or assets having a fair market value of less than $10.0 million;

 

  (2) a transfer of properties or assets between or among any of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries;

 

  (3) an issuance or sale of Equity Interests by a Restricted Subsidiary to the Company or to another Restricted Subsidiary;

 

  (4) the sale, lease or other disposition of equipment, inventory, products, accounts receivable or other properties or assets in the ordinary course of business;

 

  (5) the sale or other disposition of cash or Cash Equivalents, Hedging Contracts or other financial instruments in the ordinary course of business;

 

  (6) a disposition of properties or assets that constitutes (or results in by virtue of the consideration received for such disposition) either a Restricted Payment that is permitted by the covenant described above under the caption “— Certain Covenants — Restricted Payments” or a Permitted Investment;

 

  (7) a disposition of Hydrocarbons or mineral products inventory in the ordinary course of business;

 

43


Table of Contents
  (8) the sale or transfer (whether or not in the ordinary course of business) of crude oil and natural gas properties or direct or indirect interests in real property; provided that at the time of such a sale or transfer such properties do not have associated with them any proved reserves;

 

  (9) the farm-out, lease or sublease of developed or undeveloped crude oil or natural gas properties owned or held by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in exchange for crude oil and natural gas properties owned or held by another Person;

 

  (10) the creation or perfection of a Lien that is not prohibited by the covenant described above under the caption “— Certain Covenants — Liens;”

 

  (11) dispositions in connection with Permitted Liens;

 

  (12) surrender or waiver of contract rights or the settlement, release or surrender of contract, tort or other claims of any kind;

 

  (13) the grant in the ordinary course of business of any non-exclusive license of patents, trademarks, registrations therefor and other similar intellectual property;

 

  (14) an Asset Swap; and

 

  (15) any Production Payments and Reserve Sales; provided that any such Production Payments and Reserve Sales, other than incentive compensation programs on terms that are reasonably customary in the Oil and Gas Business for geologists, geophysicists and other providers of technical services to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary, shall have been created, incurred, issued, assumed or guaranteed in connection with the financing of, and within 60 days after the acquisition of, the property that is subject thereto.

“Asset Swap” means any substantially contemporaneous (and in any event occurring within 180 days of each other) purchase and sale or exchange of any assets or properties used or useful in the Oil and Gas Business between the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries and another Person; provided that any cash received must be applied in accordance with the covenant described above under the caption “— Repurchase at the Option of Holders — Asset Sales” as if the Asset Swap were an Asset Sale.

“Attributable Debt” in respect of a sale and leaseback transaction means, at the time of determination, the present value of the obligation of the lessee for net rental payments during the remaining term of the lease included in such sale and leaseback transaction including any period for which such lease has been extended or may, at the option of the lessor, be extended. Such present value shall be calculated using a discount rate equal to the rate of interest implicit in such transaction, determined in accordance with GAAP. As used in the preceding sentence, the “net rental payments” under any lease for any such period shall mean the sum of rental and other payments required to be paid with respect to such period by the lessee thereunder, excluding any amounts required to be paid by such lessee on account of maintenance and repairs, insurance, taxes, assessments, water rates or similar charges. In the case of any lease that is terminable by the lessee upon payment of penalty, such net rental payment shall also include the amount of such penalty, but no rent shall be considered as required to be paid under such lease subsequent to the first date upon which it may be so terminated.

“Available Cash” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Partnership Agreement, as in effect on the date of the indenture.

“Beneficial Owner” has the meaning assigned to such term in Rule 13d-3 and Rule 13d-5 under the Exchange Act, except that in calculating the beneficial ownership of any particular “person” (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act), such “person” will be deemed to have beneficial ownership of all securities that such “person” has the right to acquire by conversion or exercise of other securities, whether such right is currently exercisable or is exercisable only upon the occurrence of a subsequent condition. The terms “Beneficially Owns” and “Beneficially Owned” have correlative meanings.

 

44


Table of Contents

Board of Directors” means:

 

  (1) with respect to Finance Corp., its board of directors;

 

  (2) with respect to the Company, the board of directors of the General Partner or any authorized committee thereof; and

 

  (3) with respect to any other Person, the board or committee of such Person serving a similar function.

“Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the applicable Person to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors of such Person and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the trustee.

“Business Day” means each day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which banking institutions in New York, New York or another place of payment are authorized or required by law to close.

“Capital Lease Obligation” means, at the time any determination is to be made, the amount of the liability in respect of a capital lease that would at that time be required to be capitalized on a balance sheet in accordance with GAAP.

Capital Stock” means:

 

  (1) in the case of a corporation, corporate stock;

 

  (2) in the case of an association or business entity, any and all shares, interests, participations, rights or other equivalents (however designated) of corporate stock;

 

  (3) in the case of a partnership or limited liability company, partnership interests (whether general or limited) or membership interests; and

 

  (4) any other interest or participation that confers on a Person the right to receive a share of the profits and losses of, or distributions of assets of, the issuing Person.

Cash Equivalents” means:

 

  (1) United States dollars;

 

  (2) securities issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the United States government or any agency or instrumentality of the United States government (provided that the full faith and credit of the United States is pledged in support of those securities) having maturities of not more than six months from the date of acquisition;

 

  (3) marketable general obligations issued by any state of the United States of America or any political subdivision of any such state or any public instrumentality thereof maturing within one year from the date of acquisition thereof and, at the time of acquisition thereof, having a credit rating of “A” or better from either S&P or Moody’s;

 

  (4) certificates of deposit, demand deposits and eurodollar time deposits with maturities of one year or less from the date of acquisition, bankers’ acceptances with maturities not exceeding one year and overnight bank deposits, in each case, with any lender party to the Credit Agreement or with any domestic commercial bank having capital and surplus in excess of $500.0 million and a Thomson Bank Watch Rating of “B” or better;

 

  (5) repurchase obligations with a term of not more than seven days for underlying securities of the types described in clauses (2), (3) and (4) above entered into with any financial institution meeting the qualifications specified in clause (4) above;

 

  (6) commercial paper having one of the two highest ratings obtainable from Moody’s or S&P and in each case maturing within six months after the date of acquisition; and

 

45


Table of Contents
  (7) money market funds at least 95% of the assets of which constitute Cash Equivalents of the kinds described in clauses (1) through (6) of this definition.

“Change of Control” means the occurrence of any of the following:

 

  (1) the direct or indirect sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other disposition (other than by way of merger or consolidation), in one or a series of related transactions, of all or substantially all of the properties or assets (including Capital Stock of the Restricted Subsidiaries) of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole, to any “person” (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act);

 

  (2) the adoption of a plan relating to the liquidation or dissolution of the Company or removal of the General Partner by the limited partners of the Company;

 

  (3) the consummation of any transaction (including, without limitation, any merger or consolidation), the result of which is that any “person” (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act), excluding the Qualifying Owners, becomes the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the Voting Stock of the General Partner, measured by voting power rather than number of shares, units or the like;

 

  (4) the consummation of any transaction (including, without limitation, any merger or consolidation) the result of which is that any “person” (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) becomes the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the Voting Stock of the Company, measured by voting power rather than number of shares, units or the like; or

 

  (5) the first day on which a majority of the members of the Board of Directors of the General Partner are not Continuing Directors.

Notwithstanding the preceding, a conversion of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries from a limited partnership, corporation, limited liability company or other form of entity to a limited liability company, corporation, limited partnership or other form of entity or an exchange of all of the outstanding Equity Interests in one form of entity for Equity Interests in another form of entity shall not constitute a Change of Control, so long as following such conversion or exchange the “persons” (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) who Beneficially Owned the Capital Stock of the Company immediately prior to such transactions continue to Beneficially Own in the aggregate more than 50% of the Voting Stock of such entity, or continue to Beneficially Own sufficient Equity Interests in such entity to elect a majority of its directors, managers, trustees or other persons serving in a similar capacity for such entity or its general partner, as applicable, and, in either case no “person” Beneficially Owns more than 50% of the Voting Stock of such entity or its general partner, as applicable.

“Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, and any successor statute.

“Commission” or “SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

“Consolidated Cash Flow” means, with respect to any specified Person for any period, the Consolidated Net Income of such Person for such period plus:

 

  (1) an amount equal to any net loss realized by such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with an Asset Sale, to the extent such losses were deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus

 

  (2) provision for taxes based on income or profits of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, to the extent that such provision for taxes was deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus

 

46


Table of Contents
  (3) consolidated interest expense of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, whether paid or accrued and whether or not capitalized (excluding any interest attributable to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments but including, without limitation, amortization of debt issuance costs and original issue discount, non-cash interest payments, the interest component of any deferred payment obligations, the interest component of all payments associated with Capital Lease Obligations, imputed interest with respect to Attributable Debt, commissions, discounts and other fees and charges incurred in respect of letter of credit or bankers’ acceptance financings), and net of the effect of all payments made or received pursuant to interest rate Hedging Contracts, to the extent that any such expense was deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus

 

  (4) depreciation, depletion and amortization (including amortization of intangibles but excluding amortization of prepaid cash expenses that were paid in a prior period), impairment, non-cash equity based compensation expense and other non-cash items (excluding any such non-cash item to the extent that it represents an accrual of or reserve for cash expenses in any future period or amortization of a prepaid cash expense that was paid in a prior period) of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period to the extent that such depreciation, depletion and amortization, impairment and other non-cash items that were deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus

 

  (5) unrealized non-cash losses resulting from foreign currency balance sheet adjustments required by GAAP to the extent such losses were deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus

 

  (6) all extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring items of gain or loss, or revenue or expense; minus

 

  (7) non-cash items increasing such Consolidated Net Income for such period, other than items that were accrued in the ordinary course of business; and minus

 

  (8) to the extent increasing such Consolidated Net Income for such period, the sum of (a) the amount of deferred revenues that are amortized during such period and are attributable to reserves that are subject to Volumetric Production Payments and (b) amounts recorded in accordance with GAAP as repayments of principal and interest pursuant to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments,

in each case, on a consolidated basis and determined in accordance with GAAP

“Consolidated Net Income” means, with respect to any specified Person for any period, the aggregate of the Net Income of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, on a consolidated basis, determined in accordance with GAAP, provided that:

 

  (1) the Net Income (but not loss) of any Person that is not a Restricted Subsidiary or that is accounted for by the equity method of accounting will be included, but only to the extent of the amount of dividends or distributions paid in cash to the specified Person or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Person;

 

  (2) the Net Income of any Restricted Subsidiary will be excluded to the extent that the declaration or payment of dividends or similar distributions by that Restricted Subsidiary of that Net Income is not at the date of determination permitted without any prior governmental approval (that has not been obtained) or, directly or indirectly, by operation of the terms of its charter or any judgment, decree, order, statute, rule or governmental regulation applicable to that Restricted Subsidiary or its stockholders, partners or members;

 

  (3) the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principles will be excluded;

 

  (4) any gain (loss) realized upon the sale or other disposition of any property, plant or equipment of such Person or its consolidated Restricted Subsidiaries (including pursuant to any sale and leaseback transaction) which is not sold or otherwise disposed of in the ordinary course of business and any gain (loss) realized upon the sale or other disposition of any Capital Stock of any Person will be excluded;

 

  (5) any asset impairment writedowns on oil and gas properties under GAAP or SEC guidelines will be excluded;

 

47


Table of Contents
  (6) unrealized losses and gains under Hedging Contracts included in the determination of Consolidated Net Income, including, without limitation those resulting from the application of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 815, will be excluded; and

 

  (7) any nonrecurring charges relating to any premium or penalty paid, write off of deferred finance costs or other charges in connection with redeeming or retiring any Indebtedness prior to its Stated Maturity will be excluded.

“Continuing Directors” means, as of any date of determination, any member of the Board of Directors of the General Partner who:

 

  (1) was a member of such Board of Directors on the date of the indenture; or

 

  (2) was nominated for election or elected to such Board of Directors with the approval of a majority of the Continuing Directors who were members of such Board at the time of such nomination or election.

“Credit Agreement” means that certain Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of May 7, 2010, by and among the Operating Partnership, as borrower, the Company, as parent guarantor, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the other lenders party thereto, including any related notes, guarantees, collateral documents, instruments and agreements executed in connection therewith, and in each case as amended, restated, modified, renewed, refunded, replaced or refinanced from time to time.

“Credit Facilities” means one or more debt facilities (including, without limitation, the Credit Agreement), commercial paper facilities or secured capital markets financings, in each case with banks or other institutional lenders or institutional investors providing for revolving credit loans, term loans, receivables financing (including through the sale of receivables to such lenders or to special purpose entities formed to borrow from such lenders against such receivables), letters of credit or secured capital markets financings, in each case, as amended, restated, modified, renewed, refunded, replaced or refinanced (including refinancing with any capital markets transaction) in whole or in part from time to time.

“Default” means any event that is, or with the passage of time or the giving of notice or both would be, an Event of Default.

“Disqualified Stock” means any Capital Stock that, by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible, or for which it is exchangeable, in each case at the option of the holder of the Capital Stock), or upon the happening of any event, matures or is mandatorily redeemable, pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise, or redeemable at the option of the holder of the Capital Stock, in whole or in part, on or prior to the date that is 91 days after the date on which the notes mature. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, any Capital Stock that would constitute Disqualified Stock solely because the holders of the Capital Stock have the right to require the Company to repurchase or redeem such Capital Stock upon the occurrence of a change of control or an asset sale will not constitute Disqualified Stock if the terms of such Capital Stock provide that the Company may not repurchase or redeem any such Capital Stock pursuant to such provisions unless such repurchase or redemption complies with the covenant described above under the caption “— Certain Covenants-Restricted Payments.”

“Dollar-Denominated Production Payments” means production payment obligations recorded as liabilities in accordance with GAAP, together with all undertakings and obligations in connection therewith.

“Domestic Subsidiary” means any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that was formed under the laws of the United States or any state of the United States or the District of Columbia and all of whose outstanding Capital Stock is Beneficially Owned by the Company.

“Equity Interests” means Capital Stock and all warrants, options or other rights to acquire Capital Stock (but excluding any debt security that is convertible into, or exchangeable for, Capital Stock).

 

48


Table of Contents

“Equity Offering” means any public or private sale of Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock) made for cash on a primary basis by the Company after the date of the indenture, provided that at any time on or after a Change of Control, any sale of Capital Stock to an Affiliate of the Company shall not be deemed an Equity Offering.

Exchange Notes” means the notes issued in an exchange offer pursuant to the indenture.

“Existing Indebtedness” means the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries (other than Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement, which is considered incurred under the first paragraph under the covenant entitled “Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock” and other than intercompany Indebtedness) in existence on the date of the indenture, until such amounts are repaid.

The term “fair market value” means the value that would be paid by a willing buyer to an unaffiliated willing seller in a transaction not involving distress or necessity of either party, determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company in the case of amounts of $20.0 million or more and otherwise by an officer of the General Partner.

“Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio” means with respect to any specified Person for any four-quarter reference period, the ratio of the Consolidated Cash Flow of such Person for such period to the Fixed Charges of such Person for such period. In the event that the specified Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries incurs, assumes, guarantees, repays, repurchases or redeems any Indebtedness (other than ordinary working capital borrowings) or issues, repurchases or redeems preferred stock subsequent to the commencement of the applicable four-quarter reference period and on or prior to the date on which the event for which the calculation of the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio is made (the “Calculation Date”), then the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio will be calculated giving pro forma effect to such incurrence, assumption, guarantee, repayment, repurchase or redemption of Indebtedness, or such issuance, repurchase or redemption of preferred stock, and the use of the proceeds therefrom as if the same had occurred at the beginning of such period. If any Indebtedness bears a floating rate of interest and is being given pro forma effect, the interest expense on such Indebtedness will be calculated as if the average rate in effect from the beginning of such period to the Calculation Date had been the applicable rate for the entire period (taking into account any interest Hedging Contract applicable to such Indebtedness, but if the remaining term of such interest Hedging Contract is less than 12 months, then such interest Hedging Contract shall only be taken into account for that portion of the period equal to the remaining term thereof). If any Indebtedness that is being given pro forma effect bears an interest rate at the option of such Person, the interest rate shall be calculated by applying such optional rate chosen by such Person. Interest on Indebtedness that may optionally be determined at an interest rate based upon a factor of a prime or similar rate, a eurocurrency interbank offered rate, or other rate, shall be deemed to have been based upon the rate actually chosen, or, if none, then based upon such optional rate chosen as such Person may designate.

In addition, for purposes of calculating the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio:

 

  (1) acquisitions that have been made by the specified Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, including through mergers, consolidations or otherwise (including acquisitions of assets used in the Oil and Gas Business), and including in each case any related financing transactions (including repayment of Indebtedness) during the four-quarter reference period or subsequent to such reference period and on or prior to the Calculation Date, will be given pro forma effect as if they had occurred on the first day of the four-quarter reference period, including any Consolidated Cash Flow and any pro forma expense and cost reductions that have occurred or are reasonably expected to occur within the next 12 months, in the reasonable judgment of the chief financial or accounting officer of the General Partner (regardless of whether those cost savings or operating improvements could then be reflected in pro forma financial statements in accordance with Regulation S-X promulgated under the Securities Act or any other regulation or policy of the Commission related thereto);

 

49


Table of Contents
  (2) the Consolidated Cash Flow attributable to discontinued operations, as determined in accordance with GAAP, and operations or businesses (and ownership interests therein) disposed of prior to the Calculation Date, will be excluded;

 

  (3) the Fixed Charges attributable to discontinued operations, as determined in accordance with GAAP, and operations or businesses (and ownership interests therein) disposed of prior to the Calculation Date, will be excluded, but only to the extent that the obligations giving rise to such Fixed Charges will not be obligations of the specified Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries following the Calculation Date;

 

  (4) any Person that is a Restricted Subsidiary of the specified Person on the Calculation Date will be deemed to have been a Restricted Subsidiary of the specified Person at all times during such four-quarter period;

 

  (5) any Person that is not a Restricted Subsidiary of the specified Person on the Calculation Date will be deemed not to have been a Restricted Subsidiary of the specified Person at any time during such four-quarter period; and

 

  (6) interest income reasonably anticipated by such Person to be received during the applicable four-quarter period from cash or Cash Equivalents held by such Person or any Restricted Subsidiary of such Person, which cash or Cash Equivalents exist on the Calculation Date or will exist as a result of the transaction giving rise to the need to calculate the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio, will be included.

“Fixed Charges” means, with respect to any specified Person for any period, the sum, without duplication, of:

 

  (1) the consolidated interest expense of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, whether paid or accrued (excluding any interest attributable to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments but including, without limitation, amortization of debt issuance costs and original issue discount, non-cash interest payments, the interest component of any deferred payment obligations, the interest component of all payments associated with Capital Lease Obligations, imputed interest with respect to Attributable Debt, commissions, discounts and other fees and charges incurred in respect of letter of credit or bankers’ acceptance financings), and net of the effect of all payments made or received pursuant to interest rate Hedging Contracts; plus

 

  (2) the consolidated interest expense of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries that was capitalized during such period; plus

 

  (3) any interest expense on Indebtedness of another Person that is guaranteed by such Person or one of its Restricted Subsidiaries or secured by a Lien on assets of such Person or one of its Restricted Subsidiaries, whether or not such guarantee or Lien is called upon; plus

 

  (4) all dividends, whether paid or accrued and whether or not in cash, on any series of Disqualified Stock of such Person or on any series of preferred securities of its Restricted Subsidiaries, other than dividends payable solely in Equity Interests of the payor (other than Disqualified Stock) or to such Person or a Restricted Subsidiary of such Person,

in each case, on a consolidated basis and determined in accordance with GAAP.

“Foreign Subsidiary” means any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that (a) is not a Domestic Subsidiary and (b) has 50% or more of its consolidated assets located outside the United States or any territory thereof.

“GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, which are in effect from time to time.

 

50


Table of Contents

“General Partner” means BreitBurn GP, LLC, a Delaware liability company, and its successors and permitted assigns as general partner of the Company or as the business entity with the ultimate authority to manage the business and operations of the Company.

The term “guarantee” means a guarantee other than by endorsement of negotiable instruments for collection in the ordinary course of business, direct or indirect, in any manner including, without limitation, by way of a pledge of assets, acting as co-obligor or through letters of credit or reimbursement agreements in respect thereof, of all or any part of any Indebtedness. When used as a verb, “guarantee” has a correlative meaning.

“Guarantors” means each of:

 

  (1) the Subsidiaries of the Company, other than Finance Corp., executing the indenture as initial Guarantors; and

 

  (2) any other Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that becomes a Guarantor in accordance with the provisions of the indenture;

and their respective successors and assigns.

“Hedging Contracts” means, with respect to any specified Person:

 

  (1) interest rate swap agreements, interest rate cap agreements and interest rate collar agreements entered into with one or more financial institutions and designed to protect the Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries entering into the agreement against fluctuations in interest rates with respect to Indebtedness incurred;

 

  (2) foreign exchange contracts and currency protection agreements entered into with one or more financial institutions and designed to protect the Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries entering into the agreement against fluctuations in currency exchanges rates with respect to Indebtedness incurred;

 

  (3) any commodity futures contract, commodity option or other similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect against fluctuations in the price of Hydrocarbons used, produced, processed or sold by that Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries at the time; and

 

  (4) other agreements or arrangements designed to protect such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries against fluctuations in interest rates, commodity prices or currency exchange rates;

and in each case are entered into only in the normal course of business and not for speculative purposes.

“Holder” means a Person in whose name a note is registered.

“Hydrocarbons” means crude oil, natural gas, casinghead gas, drip gasoline, natural gasoline, condensate, distillate, liquid hydrocarbons, gaseous hydrocarbons and all constituents, elements or compounds thereof and products refined or processed therefrom.

“Indebtedness” means, with respect to any specified Person, any indebtedness of such Person, whether or not contingent:

 

  (1) in respect of borrowed money;

 

  (2) evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar instruments;

 

  (3) in respect of all outstanding letters of credit issued for the account of such Person that support obligations that constitute Indebtedness (provided that the amount of such letters of credit included in Indebtedness shall not exceed the amount of the Indebtedness being supported) and, without duplication, the unreimbursed amount of all drafts drawn under letters of credit issued for the account of such Person;

 

51


Table of Contents
  (4) in respect of bankers’ acceptances;

 

  (5) representing Capital Lease Obligations or Attributable Debt in respect of sale and leaseback transactions;

 

  (6) representing the balance deferred and unpaid of the purchase price of any property, except any such balance that constitutes an accrued expense or trade payable; or

 

  (7) representing any obligations under Hedging Contracts,

if and to the extent any of the preceding items (other than letters of credit and obligations under Hedging Contracts) would appear as a liability upon a balance sheet of the specified Person prepared in accordance with GAAP. In addition, the term “Indebtedness” includes all Indebtedness of other Persons secured by a Lien on any asset of the specified Person (whether or not such Indebtedness is assumed by the specified Person) and, to the extent not otherwise included, the guarantee by the specified Person of any Indebtedness of any other Person (including, with respect to any Production Payment, any warranties or guarantees of production or payment by such Person with respect to such Production Payment, but excluding other contractual obligations of such Person with respect to such Production Payment). For the avoidance of doubt, the term “Indebtedness” excludes any obligation arising from any agreement providing for indemnities, purchase price adjustments, holdbacks, contingency payment obligations based on the performance of the acquired or disposed assets or similar obligations (other than guarantees of Indebtedness) incurred by the specified Person in connection with the acquisition or disposition of assets.

The amount of any Indebtedness outstanding as of any date will be:

 

  (1) the accreted value of the Indebtedness, in the case of any Indebtedness issued with original issue discount;

 

  (2) in the case of obligations under any Hedging Contracts, the termination value of the agreement or arrangement giving rise to such obligations that would be payable by such Person at such date; and

 

  (3) the principal amount of the Indebtedness, together with any interest on the Indebtedness that is more than 30 days past due, in the case of any other Indebtedness.

“Investment Grade Rating” means a rating equal to or higher than Baa3 (or the equivalent) by Moody’s and BBB- (or the equivalent) by S&P.

“Investments” means, with respect to any Person, all direct or indirect investments by such Person in other Persons (including Affiliates) in the forms of loans (including guarantees or other obligations), advances or capital contributions (excluding (1) commission, travel and similar advances to officers and employees made in the ordinary course of business and (2) advances to customers in the ordinary course of business that are recorded as accounts receivable on the balance sheet of the lender), purchases or other acquisitions for consideration of Indebtedness, Equity Interests or other securities, together with all items that are or would be classified as investments on a balance sheet prepared in accordance with GAAP. If the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company sells or otherwise disposes of any Equity Interests of any direct or indirect Restricted Subsidiary of the Company such that, after giving effect to any such sale or disposition, such Person is no longer a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, the Company will be deemed to have made an Investment on the date of any such sale or disposition in an amount equal to the fair market value of the Equity Interests of such Restricted Subsidiary not sold or disposed of in an amount determined as provided in the final paragraph of the covenant described above under the caption “— Certain Covenants — Restricted Payments.” The acquisition by the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company of a Person that holds an Investment in a third Person will be deemed to be an Investment made by the Company or such Subsidiary in such third Person in an amount equal to the fair market value of the Investment held by the acquired Person in such third Person on the date of any such acquisition in an amount determined as provided in the final paragraph of the covenant described above under the caption “— Certain Covenants — Restricted Payments.”

 

52


Table of Contents

“Joint Venture” means any Person that is not a direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Company in which the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries makes any Investment.

“Lien” means, with respect to any asset, any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, security interest or encumbrance of any kind in respect of such asset, whether or not filed, recorded or otherwise perfected under applicable law, including any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any lease in the nature thereof, any option or other agreement to sell or give a security interest in and any filing of or agreement to give any financing statement under the Uniform Commercial Code (or equivalent statutes) of any jurisdiction other than a precautionary financing statement respecting a lease not intended as a security agreement.

“Make Whole Premium” means, with respect to a note at any time, the excess, if any, of (a) the present value at such time of (i) the redemption price of such note at January 15, 2017 plus (ii) any required interest payments due on such note through January 15, 2017 (except for currently accrued and unpaid interest), computed using a discount rate equal to the Treasury Rate plus 50 basis points, discounted to the redemption date on a semi-annual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months), over (b) the principal amount of such note.

“Minority Interest” means the percentage interest represented by any Capital Stock of a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that is not owned by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company.

“Moody’s” means Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or any successor to the rating agency business thereof.

“Net Income” means, with respect to any specified Person, the net income (loss) of such Person, determined in accordance with GAAP and before any reduction in respect of preferred stock dividends, excluding, however:

 

  (1) any gain (but not loss), together with any related provision for taxes on such gain (but not loss), realized in connection with: (a) any Asset Sale; or (b) the disposition of any securities by such Person or the extinguishment of any Indebtedness of such Person; and

 

  (2) any extraordinary gain (but not loss), together with any related provision for taxes on such extraordinary gain (but not loss).

“Net Proceeds” means the aggregate cash proceeds received by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of any Asset Sale (including, without limitation, any cash received upon the sale or other disposition of any non-cash consideration received in any Asset Sale), net of:

 

  (1) the direct costs relating to such Asset Sale, including, without limitation, legal, accounting and investment banking fees and sales commissions, severance costs and any relocation expenses incurred as a result of the Asset Sale;

 

  (2) taxes paid or payable as a result of the Asset Sale, in each case, after taking into account any available tax credits or deductions and any tax sharing arrangements;

 

  (3) amounts required to be applied to the repayment of Indebtedness secured by a Lien on the properties or assets that were the subject of such Asset Sale; and

 

  (4) any amounts to be set aside in any reserve established in accordance with GAAP or any amount placed in escrow, in either case for adjustment in respect of the sale price of such properties or assets or for liabilities associated with such Asset Sale and retained by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries until such time as such reserve is reversed or such escrow arrangement is terminated, in which case Net Proceeds shall include only the amount of the reserve so reversed or the amount returned to the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries from such escrow arrangement, as the case may be.

“Net Working Capital” means, with respect to any specified Person, (a) all current assets of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries, except current assets from commodity price risk management activities arising in the

 

53


Table of Contents

ordinary course of business, less (b) all current liabilities of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries, except (i) current liabilities included in Indebtedness, (ii) current liabilities associated with asset retirement obligations relating to oil and gas properties and (iii) any current liabilities from commodity price risk management activities arising in the ordinary course of business, in each case as set forth in the consolidated financial statements of such Person prepared in accordance with GAAP (excluding any adjustments made pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 815).

“new notes” means the notes issued in a particular offering in the future pursuant to the indenture.

“Non-Recourse Debt” means Indebtedness:

 

  (1) as to which neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (a) provides credit support of any kind (including any undertaking, agreement or instrument that would constitute Indebtedness), (b) is directly or indirectly liable as a guarantor or otherwise, or (c) is the lender;

 

  (2) no default with respect to which (including any rights that the holders of the Indebtedness may have to take enforcement action against an Unrestricted Subsidiary) would permit upon notice, lapse of time or both any holder of any other Indebtedness (other than the notes) of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to declare a default on such other Indebtedness or cause the payment of the Indebtedness to be accelerated or payable prior to its Stated Maturity; and

 

  (3) as to which the lenders have been notified in writing that they will not have any recourse to the Capital Stock or assets of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries except as contemplated by clause (9) of the definition of Permitted Liens.

For purposes of determining compliance with the covenant described under “— Certain Covenants — Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock” above, in the event that any Non-Recourse Debt of any of the Company’s Unrestricted Subsidiaries ceases to be Non-Recourse Debt of such Unrestricted Subsidiary, such event will be deemed to constitute an incurrence of Indebtedness by a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company.

“Obligations” means any principal, premium, if any, interest (including interest accruing on or after the filing of any petition in bankruptcy or for reorganization, whether or not a claim for post-filing interest is allowed in such proceeding), penalties, fees, charges, expenses, indemnifications, reimbursement obligations, damages, guarantees, and other liabilities or amounts payable under the documentation governing any Indebtedness or in respect thereto.

“Oil and Gas Business” means:

 

  (1) the acquisition, exploration, development, production, operation and disposition of interests in oil, gas and other Hydrocarbon properties;

 

  (2) the gathering, marketing, treating, processing (but not refining), storing, distributing, selling and transporting of any production from such interests or properties;

 

  (3) any business relating to exploration for or development, production, treatment, processing (but not refining), storage, transportation or marketing of, oil, gas and other minerals and products produced in association therewith;

 

  (4) any other business that generates gross income that constitutes “qualifying income” under Section 7704(d) of the Code; and

 

  (5) any activity that is ancillary, complementary or incidental to or necessary or appropriate for the activities described in clauses (1) through (4) of this definition.

“Operating Partnership” means BreitBurn Operating L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, and any successor thereto.

 

54


Table of Contents

“Partnership Agreement” means the First Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of the Company dated as of October 10, 2006, as amended and in effect on the date of the indenture and as such may be further amended, modified or supplemented from time to time.

“Permitted Acquisition Indebtedness” means Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to the extent such Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock was Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock of any other Person existing at the time (a) such Person became a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company or (b) such Person was merged or consolidated with or into the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, provided that on the date such Person became a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company or the date such Person was merged or consolidated with or into the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, as applicable, either

 

  (1) immediately after giving effect to such transaction on a pro forma basis as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as applicable, would be permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio test set forth in the first paragraph of the covenant described above under the caption “— Certain Covenants — Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock,” or

 

  (2) immediately after giving effect to such transaction on a pro forma basis as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of the Company would be equal to or greater than the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of the Company immediately prior to such transaction.

“Permitted Business Investments” means Investments made in the ordinary course of, and of a nature that is or shall have become customary in, the Oil and Gas Business, including investments or expenditures for actively exploring for, acquiring, developing, producing, processing, gathering, marketing or transporting Hydrocarbons through agreements, transactions, interests or arrangements that permit one to share risk or costs, comply with regulatory requirements regarding local ownership or satisfy other objectives customarily achieved through the conduct of the Oil and Gas Business jointly with third parties, including without limitation:

 

  (1) direct or indirect ownership of crude oil, natural gas, other Hydrocarbon properties or any interest therein, gathering, transportation, processing, storage or related systems, or ancillary real property interests and interests therein; and

 

  (2) the entry into operating agreements, joint ventures, processing agreements, working interests, royalty interests, mineral leases, farm-in agreements, farm-out agreements, development agreements, production sharing agreements, area of mutual interest agreements, contracts for the sale, transportation or exchange of crude oil and natural gas and related Hydrocarbons and minerals, unitization agreements, pooling arrangements, joint bidding agreements, service contracts, partnership agreements (whether general or limited), or other similar or customary agreements, transactions, properties, interests or arrangements, and Investments and expenditures in connection therewith or pursuant thereto, in each case made or entered into in the ordinary course of the Oil and Gas Business, excluding, however, Investments in corporations and publicly traded limited partnerships.

“Permitted Investments” means:

 

  (1) any Investment in the Company (including, without limitation, through purchases of notes) or in a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company;

 

  (2) any Investment in Cash Equivalents;

 

  (3) any Investment by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company in a Person, if as a result of such Investment:

 

  (a) such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company; or

 

  (b) such Person is merged, consolidated or amalgamated with or into, or transfers or conveys substantially all of its properties or assets to, or is liquidated into, the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company;

 

55


Table of Contents
  (4) any Investment made as a result of the receipt of non-cash consideration from an Asset Sale that was made pursuant to and in compliance with the covenant described above under the caption “— Repurchase at the Option of Holders — Asset Sales,” including pursuant to clause (9) or (14) of the items deemed not to be Asset Sales under the definition of “Asset Sale;”

 

  (5) any Investment in any Person solely in exchange for the issuance of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company;

 

  (6) any Investments received in compromise of obligations of trade creditors or customers that were incurred in the ordinary course of business, including pursuant to any plan of reorganization or similar arrangement upon the bankruptcy or insolvency of any trade creditor or customer, or as a result of a foreclosure by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to any secured Investment in default;

 

  (7) Hedging Contracts;

 

  (8) Permitted Business Investments;

 

  (9) Investments in Utica having an aggregate fair market value (measured on the date each such Investment was made and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value), when taken together with all other Investments made pursuant to this clause (9) that are at the time outstanding, do not exceed the greater of $25.0 million or 2.5% of the Company’s Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets; and

 

  (10) other Investments in any Person having an aggregate fair market value (measured on the date each such Investment was made and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value), when taken together with all other Investments made pursuant to this clause (10) that are at the time outstanding, do not exceed the greater of $50.0 million or 5.0% of the Company’s Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets.

“Permitted Liens” means:

 

  (1) any Lien with respect to the Credit Agreement or any other Credit Facilities;

 

  (2) Liens in favor of the Company or the Guarantors;

 

  (3) Liens on property of a Person existing at the time such Person is merged with or into or consolidated with the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, provided that such Liens were in existence prior to the contemplation of such merger or consolidation and do not extend to any assets (other than improvements thereon, accessions thereto and proceeds thereof) other than those of the Person merged into or consolidated with the Company or the Restricted Subsidiary;

 

  (4) Liens on property existing at the time of acquisition of the property by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, provided that such Liens were in existence prior to the contemplation of such acquisition;

 

  (5) any interest or title of a lessor to the property subject to a Capital Lease Obligation;

 

  (6) Liens for the purpose of securing the payment of all or a part of the purchase price of, or Capital Lease Obligations, purchase money obligations or other payments incurred to finance the acquisition, lease, improvement or construction of or repairs or additions to, assets or property acquired or constructed in the ordinary course of business; provided that:

 

  (a) the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness secured by such Liens is otherwise permitted to be incurred under the indenture and does not exceed the cost of the assets or property so acquired or constructed; and

 

  (b)

such Liens are created within 180 days of the later of the acquisition, lease, completion of improvements, construction, repairs or additions or commencement of full operation of the assets

 

56


Table of Contents
  or property subject to such Lien and do not encumber any other assets or property of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary other than such assets or property and assets affixed or appurtenant thereto;

 

  (7) Liens existing on the date of the indenture;

 

  (8) Liens to secure the performance of tenders, bids, statutory obligations, surety or appeal bonds, trade contracts, government contracts, operating leases, performance bonds or other obligations of a like nature incurred in the ordinary course of business;

 

  (9) Liens on and pledges of the Equity Interests of any Unrestricted Subsidiary or any Joint Venture owned by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to the extent securing Non-Recourse Debt or other Indebtedness of such Unrestricted Subsidiary or Joint Venture;

 

  (10) Liens in respect of Production Payments and Reserve Sales, which Liens shall be limited to the property that is the subject of such Production Payments and Reserve Sales;

 

  (11) Liens on pipelines or pipeline facilities that arise by operation of law;

 

  (12) Liens arising under operating agreements, joint venture agreements, partnership agreements, oil and gas leases, farm-out agreements, farm-in agreements, division orders, contracts for the sale, transportation or exchange of crude oil and natural gas and related Hydrocarbons and minerals, unitization and pooling declarations and agreements, area of mutual interest agreements and other agreements arising in the ordinary course of business of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries that are customary in the Oil and Gas Business;

 

  (13) Liens reserved in oil and gas mineral leases for bonus or rental payments and for compliance with the terms of such leases;

 

  (14) Liens upon specific items of inventory, receivables or other goods or proceeds of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries securing such Person’s obligations in respect of bankers’ acceptances or receivables securitizations issued or created for the account of such Person to facilitate the purchase, shipment or storage of such inventory, receivables or other goods or proceeds and permitted by the covenant “— Certain Covenants — Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock;”

 

  (15) Liens securing Obligations of the Issuers or any Guarantor under the notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees, as the case may be;

 

  (16) Liens securing any Indebtedness equally and ratably with all Obligations due under the notes or any Subsidiary Guarantee pursuant to a contractual covenant that limits Liens in a manner substantially similar to the covenant described above under “— Certain Covenants — Liens;”

 

  (17) Liens to secure performance of Hedging Contracts of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries;

 

  (18) Liens securing any insurance premium financing under customary terms and conditions, provided that no such Lien may extend to or cover any assets or property other than the insurance being acquired with such financing, the proceeds thereof and any unearned or refunded insurance premiums related thereto;

 

  (19) Liens arising from royalties, overriding royalties, revenue interests, net revenue interests, net profit interests, reversionary interests, production payments, preferential rights of purchase, working interests and other similar interests, all as ordinarily exist with respect to properties and assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries or otherwise as are customary in the Oil and Gas Business;

 

  (20) other Liens incurred by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, provided that, after giving effect to any such incurrence, the aggregate principal amount of all Indebtedness then outstanding and secured by any Liens incurred pursuant to this clause (20) does not exceed the greater of $50.0 million or 5.0% of the Company’s Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets; and

 

57


Table of Contents
  (21) any Lien renewing, extending, refinancing or refunding a Lien permitted by clauses (1) through (19) above, provided that (a) the principal amount of the Indebtedness secured by such Lien is not increased except by an amount equal to a reasonable premium or other reasonable amount paid, and fees and expenses reasonably incurred, in connection therewith and by an amount equal to any existing commitments unutilized thereunder and (b) no assets encumbered by any such Lien other than the assets permitted to be encumbered immediately prior to such renewal, extension, refinance or refund are encumbered thereby (other than improvements thereon, accessions thereto and proceeds thereof).

After termination of the covenants referred to in the first paragraph of “— Certain Covenants — Covenant Termination”, for purposes of complying with the “Liens” covenant, the Liens described in clauses (1) (or Liens described in clause (21) with respect thereto) and (20) of this definition of “Permitted Liens” will be Permitted Liens only to the extent those Liens secure Indebtedness not exceeding, at the time of determination, 10% of the Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets of the Company. Once effective, this 10% limitation on Permitted Liens will continue to apply during any later period, irrespective of whether or not the notes continue to have an Investment Grade Rating by both Moody’s and S&P.

“Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness” means any Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries issued in exchange for, or the net proceeds of which are used to extend, refinance, renew, replace, defease or refund other Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (other than intercompany Indebtedness), provided that:

 

  (1) the principal amount of such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness does not exceed the principal amount of the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded (plus all accrued interest on the Indebtedness and the amount of all expenses and premiums incurred in connection therewith);

 

  (2) such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness has a final maturity date later than the final maturity date of, and has a Weighted Average Life to Maturity equal to or greater than the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of, the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded;

 

  (3) if the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded is subordinated in right of payment to the notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees, such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness is subordinated in right of payment to the notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees on terms at least as favorable to the Holders of notes as those contained in the documentation governing the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded; and

 

  (4) such Indebtedness is not incurred (other than by way of a guarantee) by a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company (other than Finance Corp.) if the Company is the issuer or other primary obligor on the Indebtedness being extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased or refunded.

Notwithstanding the preceding, any Indebtedness incurred under Credit Facilities pursuant to the covenant “Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock” shall be subject only to the refinancing provision in the definition of Credit Facilities and not pursuant to the requirements set forth in the definition of Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness.

“Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, limited liability company or government or other entity.

Prior Issue Date” means October 6, 2010, the date of initial issuance of the Issuers’ 8.625% Senior Notes due 2020.

“Production Payments” means, collectively, Dollar-Denominated Production Payments and Volumetric Production Payments.

 

58


Table of Contents

“Production Payments and Reserve Sales” means the grant or transfer by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to any Person of a royalty, overriding royalty, net profits interest, production payment (whether volumetric or dollar denominated), partnership or other interest in oil and gas properties, reserves or the right to receive all or a portion of the production or the proceeds from the sale of production attributable to such properties, including any such grants or transfers pursuant to incentive compensation programs on terms that are reasonably customary in the oil and gas business for geologists, geophysicists and other providers of technical services to the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company.

“Qualifying Owners” means, collectively, the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries.

“Reporting Default” means a Default described in clause (4) under “— Events of Default and Remedies.”

“Restricted Investment” means an Investment other than a Permitted Investment.

“Restricted Subsidiary” of a Person means any Subsidiary of the referent Person that is not an Unrestricted Subsidiary. Notwithstanding anything in the indenture to the contrary, Finance Corp. shall be a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company.

“S&P” refers to Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., or any successor to the rating agency business thereof.

“Senior Debt” means

 

  (1) all Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries outstanding under Credit Facilities and all obligations under Hedging Contracts with respect thereto;

 

  (2) any other Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries permitted to be incurred under the terms of the indenture, unless the instrument under which such Indebtedness is incurred expressly provides that it is subordinated in right of payment to the notes or any Subsidiary Guarantee; and

 

  (3) all Obligations with respect to the items listed in the preceding clauses (1) and (2).

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the preceding sentence, Senior Debt will not include:

 

  (a) any intercompany Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to the Company or any of its Affiliates; or

 

  (b) any Indebtedness that is incurred in violation of the indenture.

For the avoidance of doubt, “Senior Debt” will not include any trade payables or taxes owed or owing by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries.

“Significant Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary that would be a “significant subsidiary” as defined in Article 1, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X, promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Regulation is in effect on the date of the indenture.

“Stated Maturity” means, with respect to any installment of interest or principal on any series of Indebtedness, the date on which the payment of interest or principal was scheduled to be paid in the original documentation governing such Indebtedness, and will not include any contingent obligations to repay, redeem or repurchase any such interest or principal prior to the date originally scheduled for the payment thereof.

 

59


Table of Contents

Subsidiary” means, with respect to any specified Person:

 

  (1) any corporation, association or other business entity (other than a partnership or limited liability company) of which more than 50% of the total voting power of Voting Stock is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by that Person or one or more of the other Subsidiaries of that Person (or a combination thereof); and

 

  (2) any partnership (whether general or limited) or limited liability company (a) the sole general partner or member of which is such Person or a Subsidiary of such Person, or (b) if there is more than a single general partner or member, either (x) the only managing general partners or managing members of which are such Person or one or more Subsidiaries of such Person (or any combination thereof) or (y) such Person owns or controls, directly or indirectly, a majority of the outstanding general partner interests, member interests or other Voting Stock of such partnership or limited liability company, respectively.

“Subsidiary Guarantee” means any guarantee by a Guarantor of the Issuers’ Obligations under the indenture and on the notes.

“Treasury Rate” means the yield to maturity at the time of computation of United States Treasury securities with a constant maturity (as compiled and published in the most recent Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15(519) which has become publicly available at least two Business Days prior to the date fixed for redemption (or, if such Statistical Release is no longer published, any publicly available source of similar market data)) most nearly equal to the period from the redemption date to January 15, 2017; provided, however, that if such period is not equal to the constant maturity of a United States Treasury security for which a weekly average yield is given, the Company shall obtain the Treasury Rate by linear interpolation (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth of a year) from the weekly average yields of United States Treasury securities for which such yields are given, except that if the period from the redemption date to January 15, 2017 is less than one year, the weekly average yield on actually traded United States Treasury securities adjusted to a constant maturity of one year shall be used. The Company will (a) calculate the Treasury Rate on the second Business Day preceding the applicable redemption date and (b) prior to such redemption date file with the trustee an officers’ certificate setting forth the Make Whole Premium and the Treasury Rate and showing the calculation of each in reasonable detail.

“Unrestricted Subsidiary” means (a) Utica and (b) any Subsidiary of the Company (other than Finance Corp., the Operating Partnership or the General Partner) that is designated by the Board of Directors of the Company as an Unrestricted Subsidiary pursuant to a Board Resolution, but only to the extent that Utica or such Subsidiary:

 

  (3) has no Indebtedness other than Non-Recourse Debt owing to any Person other than the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries;

 

  (4) is not party to any agreement, contract, arrangement or understanding with the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company unless the terms of any such agreement, contract, arrangement or understanding are no less favorable to the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary than those that might be obtained at the time from Persons who are not Affiliates of the Company;

 

  (5) is a Person with respect to which neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries has any direct or indirect obligation (a) to subscribe for additional Equity Interests or (b) to maintain or preserve such Person’s financial condition or to cause such Person to achieve any specified levels of operating results; and

 

  (6) has not guaranteed or otherwise directly or indirectly provided credit support for any Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries.

All Subsidiaries of an Unrestricted Subsidiary shall also be Unrestricted Subsidiaries.

 

60


Table of Contents

Any designation of a Subsidiary of the Company as an Unrestricted Subsidiary will be evidenced to the trustee by filing with the trustee a Board Resolution giving effect to such designation and an officers’ certificate certifying that such designation complied with the preceding conditions and was permitted by the covenant described above under the caption “— Certain Covenants — Restricted Payments.” If, at any time, any Unrestricted Subsidiary would fail to meet the preceding requirements as an Unrestricted Subsidiary, it will thereafter cease to be an Unrestricted Subsidiary for purposes of the indenture and any Indebtedness of such Subsidiary will be deemed to be incurred by a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company as of such date and, if such Indebtedness is not permitted to be incurred as of such date under the covenant described under the caption “— Certain Covenants — Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock,” the Company will be in default of such covenant.

“Utica” means BreitBurn Collingwood Utica LLC, a Delaware limited liability company indirectly wholly owned by the Company on the date of the indenture.

“Volumetric Production Payments” means production payment obligations recorded as deferred revenue in accordance with GAAP, together with all related undertakings and obligations.

“Voting Stock” of any Person as of any date means the Capital Stock of such Person that is at the time entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of the Board of Directors of such Person.

“Weighted Average Life to Maturity” means, when applied to any Indebtedness at any date, the number of years obtained by dividing:

 

  (1) the sum of the products obtained by multiplying (a) the amount of each then remaining installment, sinking fund, serial maturity or other required payments of principal, including payment at final maturity, in respect of the Indebtedness, by (b) the number of years (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth) that will elapse between such date and the making of such payment; by

 

  (2) the then outstanding principal amount of such Indebtedness.

 

61


Table of Contents

CERTAIN U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

The following discussion summarizes certain U.S. federal income tax considerations that may be relevant to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of the additional notes. This discussion is based upon the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), applicable U.S. Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, judicial authority and administrative interpretations, each as of the date of this document, all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect, or are subject to different interpretations. We cannot assure you that the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) will not challenge one or more of the tax consequences described in this discussion, and we have not obtained, nor do we intend to obtain, a ruling from the IRS or an opinion of counsel with respect to the U.S. federal tax consequences of acquiring, holding or disposing of the notes.

The new notes will be issued as additional notes under the indenture pursuant to which we issued $450 million principal amount of our 7.875% Senior Notes due 2022. The new notes offered hereby and those previously issued notes will be treated as a single class of debt securities under the indenture and will be subject to the same information reporting for U.S. federal income tax purposes. This discussion pertains only to the notes being issued in this offering and does not apply to the notes presently outstanding under the indenture.

This discussion is limited to holders who purchase the notes in this offering at the initial offering price and who hold the notes as capital assets (generally property held for investment). This discussion does not address the tax considerations arising under U.S. federal gift or estate tax laws or under the laws of any foreign, state, local or other jurisdiction or any income tax treaty. In addition, this discussion does not address all tax considerations that may be important to a particular holder in light of the holder’s circumstances, or to certain categories of investors that may be subject to special rules, such as:

 

 

dealers in securities or currencies;

 

 

traders in securities that have elected the mark-to-market method of accounting for their securities;

 

 

U.S. holders (as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar;

 

 

persons holding notes as part of a hedge, straddle, conversion or other “synthetic security” or integrated transaction;

 

 

U.S. expatriates;

 

 

U.S. holders (as defined below) that hold their notes through non-U.S. brokers or other non-U.S. intermediaries;

 

 

financial institutions;

 

 

insurance companies;

 

 

regulated investment companies;

 

 

real estate investment trusts;

 

 

persons subject to the alternative minimum tax;

 

 

persons deemed to sell the notes under constructive sale provisions of the Code;

 

 

entities that are tax-exempt for U.S. federal income tax purposes; and

 

 

partnerships and other pass-through entities and holders of interests therein.

If a partnership (or an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds notes, the tax treatment of a partner of the partnership generally will depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If you are a partner of a partnership acquiring the notes, you are urged to consult your own tax advisor about the U.S. federal income tax consequences of acquiring, holding and disposing of the notes.

 

62


Table of Contents

INVESTORS CONSIDERING THE PURCHASE OF NOTES ARE URGED TO CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS REGARDING THE PARTICULAR U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND FOREIGN TAX CONSEQUENCES TO THEM OF THE PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF THE NOTES AS WELL AS THE APPLICABILITY OF ANY INCOME TAX TREATY.

In certain circumstances (see “Description of Notes — Optional Redemption” and “Description of Notes — Repurchase at the Option of Holders — Change of Control”), we may be obligated to pay amounts on the notes that are in excess of stated interest or principal on the notes. These potential payments may implicate the provisions of the U.S. Treasury Regulations relating to “contingent payment debt instruments.” We do not intend to treat the possibility of paying such additional amounts as causing the notes to be treated as contingent payment debt instruments. However, additional income will be recognized if any such additional payment is made. It is possible that the IRS may take a different position, in which case a holder might be required to accrue interest income at a higher rate than the stated interest rate and to treat as ordinary interest income any gain realized on the taxable disposition of the note. The remainder of this discussion assumes that the notes will not be treated as contingent payment debt instruments. Prospective investors should consult their own tax advisors regarding the possible application of the contingent payment debt instrument rules to the notes.

Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders

You are a “U.S. holder” for purposes of this discussion if you are a beneficial owner of a note and you are for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

 

 

an individual who is a U.S. citizen or U.S. resident alien;

 

 

a corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, that was created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

 

 

an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or

 

 

a trust (1) if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more United States persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust, or (2) that has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury Regulations to be treated as a United States person.

Interest on the Notes

Interest on the notes generally will be taxable to you as ordinary income at the time it is received or accrued in accordance with your regular method of accounting for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

Pre-Issuance Accrued Interest

A portion of the purchase price of the notes is attributable to the amount of interest accrued for the period from the last interest payment date until the date of issuance (the “pre-issuance accrued interest”). Pre-issuance accrued interest should be excluded from your income and, when received, will reduce your tax basis in your new notes.

Amortizable Bond Premium

If you purchase a note for an amount in excess of its principal amount (excluding any amount properly allocable to pre-issuance accrued interest as described above under “— Pre-Issuance Accrued Interest”), you will be treated as having purchased the note with “amortizable bond premium” equal in amount to such excess. You may elect (with respect to the note and all your other obligations with amortizable bond premium) to amortize such premium using a constant yield method over the remaining term of the note (or earlier call date, as applicable) and you may offset interest income otherwise required to be included in respect of the note during any taxable year by the amortized amount of such excess for the taxable year. If you elect to amortize any

 

63


Table of Contents

premium on the notes, you must reduce your tax basis in the notes by the amount of the premium amortized in any year. An election to amortize bond premium applies to all taxable debt obligations then owned and thereafter acquired by the holder and may be revoked only with the consent of the IRS. If you do not elect to amortize bond premium, that premium will decrease the gain or increase the loss you would otherwise recognize on the disposition of the note.

Disposition of the Notes

You will generally recognize capital gain or loss on the sale, redemption, exchange, retirement or other taxable disposition of a note. This gain or loss will equal the difference between the proceeds you receive (excluding any proceeds attributable to accrued but unpaid interest that is not pre-issuance accrued interest, which will be taxable as ordinary interest income to the extent you have not previously included such amounts in income) and your adjusted tax basis in the note. The proceeds you receive will include the amount of any cash and the fair market value of any other property received for the note. Your adjusted tax basis in the note will generally equal the amount you paid for the note, less any pre-issuance accrued interest previously received and any amortizable bond premium that has accrued thereon. The gain or loss will be long-term capital gain or loss if you held the note for more than one year at the time of the sale, redemption, exchange, retirement or other disposition. Long-term capital gains of individuals, estates and trusts generally are subject to a reduced rate of U.S. federal income tax. The deductibility of capital losses may be subject to limitation.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

Information reporting will apply to payments of interest on, and the proceeds of the sale or other disposition (including a retirement or redemption) of, notes held by you, and backup withholding may apply to such payments unless you provide the appropriate intermediary with a taxpayer identification number, certified under penalties of perjury, as well as certain other information or otherwise establish an exemption from backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amount withheld under the backup withholding rules is allowable as a credit against your U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, and a refund may be obtained if the amounts withheld exceed your actual U.S. federal income tax liability and you timely provide the required information or appropriate claim form to the IRS.

Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders

You are a “non-U.S. holder” for purposes of this discussion if you are a beneficial owner of notes that is an individual, corporation, estate or trust that is not a U.S. holder.

Interest on the Notes

Payments to you of interest on the notes generally will be exempt from withholding of U.S. federal income tax under the “portfolio interest” exemption if you properly certify as to your foreign status, as described below, and:

 

 

you do not own, actually or constructively, 10% or more of the capital or profits interests in BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P.;

 

 

you are not a “controlled foreign corporation” that is related to BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P. (actually or constructively);

 

 

you are not a bank whose receipt of interest on the notes is in connection with an extension of credit made pursuant to a loan agreement entered into in the ordinary course of your trade or business; and

 

 

interest on the notes is not effectively connected with your conduct of a U.S. trade or business.

You can generally meet the certification requirement by providing a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN or appropriate substitute form to the withholding agent. If you hold the notes through a financial institution or

 

64


Table of Contents

other agent acting on your behalf, you may be required to provide appropriate certifications to the agent. Your agent will then generally be required to provide appropriate certifications to the applicable withholding agent, either directly or through other intermediaries. Special rules apply to foreign partnerships, estates and trusts, and in certain circumstances certifications as to foreign status of partners, trust owners or beneficiaries may have to be provided to the withholding agent. In addition, special rules apply to qualified intermediaries that enter into withholding agreements with the IRS.

If you cannot satisfy the requirements described above, payments of interest made to you will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at a 30% rate, unless you provide the withholding agent with a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN (or successor form) claiming an exemption from (or a reduction of) withholding under the benefits of an income tax treaty, or the payments of interest are effectively connected with your conduct of a trade or business in the United States and you meet the certification requirements described below. (See “— Income or Gain Effectively Connected with a U.S. Trade or Business.”)

Disposition of Notes

You generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on any gain realized on the sale, redemption, exchange, retirement or other taxable disposition of a note unless:

 

 

the gain is effectively connected with the conduct by you of a U.S. trade or business (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, is treated as attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by you in the United States); or

 

 

you are an individual who has been present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of disposition and certain other requirements are met.

If you are a non-U.S. holder whose gain is described in the first bullet point above, you generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax in the same manner described under “— Income or Gain Effectively Connected with a U.S. Trade or Business.” If you are a non-U.S. holder described in the second bullet point above, you will be subject to a flat 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate) U.S. federal income tax on the gain derived from the sale or other disposition, which may be offset by U.S. source capital losses.

Income or Gain Effectively Connected with a U.S. Trade or Business

If any interest on the notes (excluding any pre-issuance accrued interest) or gain from the sale, exchange, redemption, retirement or other taxable disposition of the notes is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business conducted by you, then the interest income or gain will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular graduated income tax rates, unless an applicable income tax treaty provides otherwise. Effectively connected income will not be subject to U.S. withholding tax if you satisfy certain certification requirements by providing to us or our paying agent a properly executed IRS Form W-8ECI (or IRS Form W-8BEN if a treaty exemption applies) or successor form. If you are a corporation, that portion of your earnings and profits that is effectively connected with your U.S. trade or business may also be subject to a “branch profits tax” at a 30% rate, although an applicable income tax treaty may provide for a lower rate.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

Payments to you of interest on a note, and amounts withheld from such payments, if any, generally will be required to be reported to the IRS and to you.

United States backup withholding generally will not apply to payments to you of interest on a note if the statement described in “Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders — Interest on the Notes” is duly provided or you otherwise establish an exemption, provided that the withholding agent does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that you are a United States person.

 

 

65


Table of Contents

Payment of the proceeds of a disposition of a note effected by the U.S. office of a U.S. or foreign broker will be subject to information reporting requirements and backup withholding unless you properly certify under penalties of perjury as to your foreign status and certain other conditions are met or you otherwise establish an exemption. Information reporting requirements and backup withholding generally will not apply to any payment of the proceeds of the disposition of a note effected outside the United States by a foreign office of a broker. However, unless such a broker has documentary evidence in its records that you are a non-U.S. holder and certain other conditions are met, or you otherwise establish an exemption, information reporting will apply to a payment of the proceeds of the disposition of a note effected outside the United States by such a broker if it is:

 

 

a United States person;

 

 

a foreign person that derives 50% or more of its gross income for certain periods from the conduct of a trade or business in the United States;

 

 

a controlled foreign corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes; or

 

 

a foreign partnership that, at any time during its taxable year, has more than 50% of its income or capital interests owned by United States persons or is engaged in the conduct of a U.S. trade or business.

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amount withheld under the backup withholding rules is allowable as a credit against your U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, and a refund may be obtained if the amounts withheld exceed your actual U.S. federal income tax liability and you timely provide the required information or appropriate claim form to the IRS.

Additional Tax Relating to Net Investment Income

An additional 3.8% tax is imposed on the “net investment income” of certain United States citizens and resident aliens, and on the undistributed “net investment income” of certain estates and trusts. Among other items, “net investment income” would generally include gross income from interest and net gain from the disposition of property, such as the notes, less certain deductions. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors with respect to the tax consequences of the legislation described above.

THE PRECEDING DISCUSSION OF CERTAIN U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS IS FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ONLY AND IS NOT TAX ADVICE. WE URGE EACH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR TO CONSULT ITS OWN TAX ADVISOR REGARDING THE PARTICULAR FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND FOREIGN TAX CONSEQUENCES OF PURCHASING, HOLDING AND DISPOSING OF OUR NOTES, INCLUDING THE CONSEQUENCES OF ANY PROPOSED CHANGE IN APPLICABLE LAWS.

 

66


Table of Contents

LEGAL MATTERS

In connection with particular offerings of additional notes in the future, and if stated in the applicable prospectus supplement, the validity of the notes will be passed on by Vinson & Elkins L.L.P. If certain legal matters in connection with an offering of additional notes made by this prospectus and a related prospectus supplement are passed upon by counsel for the underwriters of such offering, that counsel will be named in the applicable prospectus supplement related to that offering.

EXPERTS

The financial statements and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting (which is included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting), incorporated in this prospectus by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P. for the year ended December 31, 2011, have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

The audited Statement of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses relating to the assets acquired pursuant to the July 26, 2011 Asset Purchase Agreement with Cabot Oil & Gas Corporation, included as Exhibit 99.2 in BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 7, 2011, has been so incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

The information included in this prospectus concerning estimates of our oil and gas reserves was prepared by Netherland, Sewell & Associates, Inc. and Schlumberger Data & Consulting Services, independent engineering firms, and has been included herein upon the authority of each said firm as experts.

 

67


Table of Contents

$400,000,000

 

LOGO

BreitBurn Energy Partners L.P.

BreitBurn Finance Corporation

7.875% Senior Notes due 2022

 

 

Prospectus Supplement

November 19, 2013

 

 

Joint Book-Running Managers

Wells Fargo Securities

Barclays

BMO Capital Markets

J.P. Morgan

Mitsubishi UFJ Securities

 

 

Senior Co-Managers

Citigroup

Credit Suisse

RBC Capital Markets

 

 

Co-Managers

Scotiabank

BBVA

Comerica Securities

Global Hunter Securities

RBS

SMBC Nikko

Santander

SunTrust Robinson Humphrey

TD Securities

US Bancorp