0001193125-20-269980.txt : 20201015 0001193125-20-269980.hdr.sgml : 20201015 20201015112932 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001193125-20-269980 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 8-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 16 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20201015 ITEM INFORMATION: Termination of a Material Definitive Agreement ITEM INFORMATION: Completion of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets ITEM INFORMATION: Notice of Delisting or Failure to Satisfy a Continued Listing Rule or Standard; Transfer of Listing ITEM INFORMATION: Material Modifications to Rights of Security Holders ITEM INFORMATION: Changes in Control of Registrant ITEM INFORMATION: Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers: Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers ITEM INFORMATION: Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year ITEM INFORMATION: Other Events ITEM INFORMATION: Financial Statements and Exhibits FILED AS OF DATE: 20201015 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20201015 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: ROSETTA STONE INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001351285 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: SERVICES-PREPACKAGED SOFTWARE [7372] IRS NUMBER: 043837082 FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 8-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-34283 FILM NUMBER: 201240889 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1621 NORTH KENT STREET STREET 2: SUITE 1200 CITY: ARLINGTON STATE: VA ZIP: 22209 BUSINESS PHONE: 703-387-5800 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1621 NORTH KENT STREET STREET 2: SUITE 1200 CITY: ARLINGTON STATE: VA ZIP: 22209 8-K 1 d84157d8k.htm 8-K 8-K
ROSETTA STONE INC false 0001351285 --12-31 0001351285 2020-10-15 2020-10-15

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 8-K

 

 

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (date of earliest event reported): October 15, 2020

 

 

ROSETTA STONE INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   001-34283   04-3837082

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(Commission

File Number)

 

(IRS Employer

Identification No.)

1621 North Kent Street, Suite 1200

Arlington, Virginia 22209

(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (703) 387-5800

 

 

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):

 

Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

 

Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

 

Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

 

Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class

 

Trading

Symbol(s)

 

Name of each exchange

on which registered

Common Stock, $0.00005 par value per share   RST   New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).

Emerging growth company  

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

 

 

 


Introductory Note

As previously disclosed in the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) by Rosetta Stone Inc. (the “Company”) on August 31, 2020, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with Cambium Holding Corp., a Delaware corporation (“Parent”), and Empower Merger Sub Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (“Merger Sub”). Parent is a portfolio company of The Veritas Capital Fund VI, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“Sponsor”), and Merger Sub was formed by Parent for purposes of completing the proposed Offer (as defined below).

Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, on September 15, 2020, Merger Sub commenced a tender offer to acquire all of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.00005 per share (“Company Shares”), for a price per share of $30.00 (the “Offer Price”), net to the holder thereof in cash, net of applicable withholding taxes and without interest thereon, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Offer to Purchase dated September 15, 2020 (as amended or supplemented, the “Offer to Purchase”) and in the related Letter of Transmittal (which, together with the Offer to Purchase, constitutes the “Offer”).

The Offer and related withdrawal rights expired as scheduled at one minute after 11:59 p.m., New York City Time, on October 13, 2020 (the “Expiration Time”) without being extended. Broadridge Corporate Issuer Solutions, Inc., in its capacity as depositary and paying agent for the Offer (the “Depositary and Paying Agent”), has advised the Company and Merger Sub that, as of the Expiration Time, 20,417,492 Company Shares (excluding Company Shares tendered pursuant to guaranteed delivery procedures that were not yet delivered in satisfaction of such guarantee) have been validly tendered and not properly withdrawn pursuant to the Offer, representing approximately 84.59% of the outstanding Company Shares as of the Expiration Time. Accordingly, the Minimum Condition (as defined in the Merger Agreement) to the Offer has been satisfied. As a result of the satisfaction of the Minimum Condition and each of the other conditions to the Offer, Merger Sub irrevocably accepted for payment all Company Shares that were validly tendered, and not properly withdrawn, pursuant to the Offer. In addition, the Depositary and Paying Agent has advised the Company and Merger Sub that, as of the Expiration Time, 568,401 Company Shares have been tendered by Notice of Guaranteed Delivery, representing approximately


2.35% of the issued and outstanding Company Shares as of the Expiration Time. On October 15, 2020, the Company, Parent and Merger Sub consummated the Offer, and payment for such Company Shares has been made to the Depositary and Paying Agent, which will transmit such payments to tendering Company stockholders whose Company Shares have been accepted for payment in accordance with the terms of the Offer.

Immediately following the consummation of the Offer on October 15, 2020, pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement and in accordance with Section 251(h) of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”) and without a meeting or a vote of the Company’s stockholders, Merger Sub was merged with and into the Company (the “Merger”), with the Company continuing as the surviving corporation in the Merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent.

At the effective time of the Merger (the “Effective Time”) and as a result thereof, each Company Share issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than (x) Company Shares held by the Company or any of its subsidiaries, including as treasury stock, or by Parent or any of its subsidiaries, including Company Shares acquired by Merger Sub in the Offer, and (y) Company Shares for which stockholders have properly exercised statutory appraisal rights pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL) was canceled and converted automatically into the right to receive an amount in cash equal to the Offer Price, net of applicable withholding taxes and without interest.

In addition, pursuant to the Merger Agreement, immediately prior to the Effective Time, each outstanding Company Option and Company RSU (each as defined in the Merger Agreement), whether vested or unvested, was canceled and converted into the right to receive, for each Company Share underlying such Company Option or Company RSU, a cash payment (subject to any applicable withholding tax) in an amount equal to the product of (x) the Offer Price (less any applicable exercise price) and (y) the number of Company Shares subject to such award. Each outstanding Company PSU (as defined in the Merger Agreement), was canceled and converted into the right to receive, in respect of the number of Company Shares underlying such Company PSU deemed earned based on projected performance against relevant performance goals based on July 2020 forecasts, a cash payment (subject to any applicable withholding tax) in an amount equal to the product of (x) the Offer Price and (y) such number of underlying Company Shares. Each outstanding Company Restricted Share (as defined in the Merger Agreement) was canceled and converted into the right to receive a cash payment (subject to any applicable withholding tax) equal to the Offer Price.

In connection with the consummation of the Offer and Merger, and subject to payments in respect of dissenting shares, the aggregate consideration paid by Parent and Merger Sub for all equity securities of the Company was approximately $791,839,532.00, without giving effect to related transaction fees and expenses. Parent and Merger Sub funded the consideration paid to stockholders in the Offer and pursuant to the Merger through a combination of equity financing from Sponsor and debt financing arranged by Royal Bank of Canada and RBC Capital Markets, Deutsche Bank AG New York Branch and Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.

The foregoing description of the Offer, the Merger and the Merger Agreement does not purport to be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, the full text of the Merger Agreement, a copy of which was filed as Exhibit 2.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company with the SEC on August 31, 2020 and is incorporated herein by reference.


Item 1.02.

Termination of a Material Definitive Agreement.

On October 15, 2020, in connection with the consummation of the Merger, the following actions were taken to terminate the agreements identified below:

Company Loan Agreement

The Company terminated its Loan and Security Agreement (the “Loan Agreement”), dated as of October 28, 2014 (as amended by the First Amendment to the Loan Agreement, dated as of March 31, 2015 (the “First Amendment”), the Second Amendment to the Loan Agreement, dated as of May 1, 2015 (the “Second Amendment”), the Third Amendment to the Loan Agreement, dated as of June 29, 2015 (the “Third Amendment”), the Fourth Amendment to the Loan Agreement, dated as of December 29, 2015 (the “Fourth Amendment”), the Fifth Amendment to the Loan Agreement, dated as of March 14, 2016 (the “Fifth Amendment”), the Sixth Amendment to the Loan Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2017 (the “Sixth Amendment”), the Seventh Amendment to the Loan Agreement, dated as of March 4, 2019 (the “Seventh Amendment”) and the Eighth Amendment to the Loan Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2020 (the “Eighth Amendment”)) by and among Rosetta Stone Ltd., Lexia Learning Systems LLC and Silicon Valley Bank. The material terms of the (a) Loan Agreement are further described in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 29, 2014, (b) First Amendment are further described in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 3, 2015, (c) Second Amendment are further described in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on May 6, 2015, (d) Third Amendment are further described the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 2, 2015, (e) Fourth Amendment are further described in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 31, 2015, (f) Fifth Amendment are further described in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 17, 2016, (g) Sixth Amendment are further described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, (h) Seventh Amendment are further described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, and (i) Eighth Amendment are further described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, and such disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.

Company Equity Plans

The Company terminated its Amended and Restated 2009 Omnibus Incentive Plan and its 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “Equity Plans”). As a result of the termination of the Equity Plans and pursuant to the Merger Agreement’s treatment of the Company’s outstanding equity awards, from and after the Effective Time, no equity awards or other rights with respect to the Company Shares will be granted or be outstanding under the Equity Plans. The material terms of the Equity Plans were previously disclosed in the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statements on Schedule 14A filed by the Company with the SEC on April 7, 2017 and April 5, 2019, respectively, and such disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 2.01.

Completion of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets.

The information contained in the Introductory Note of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 3.01.

Notice of Delisting or Failure to Satisfy a Continued Listing Rule or Standard; Transfer of Listing.

The information contained in the Introductory Note of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated herein by reference.

In connection with the consummation of the Merger, the Company notified the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) of the consummation of the Merger on October 15, 2020. Trading of Company Shares on the NYSE was suspended prior to market open on October 15, 2020. The NYSE will file with the SEC a Notification of Removal from Listing and/or Registration on Form 25 to delist and deregister the Company Shares under Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). The Company also intends to file with the SEC a certification on Form 15, requesting that the Company’s reporting obligations under Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act be suspended.


Item 3.03.

Material Modification to Rights of Security Holders.

The information set forth in the Introductory Note, Item 1.02, Item 3.01 and Item 5.03 of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 5.01.

Changes in Control of Registrant.

The information contained in the Introductory Note and Items 3.01, 3.03, 5.02 and 5.03 of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated herein by reference.

As a result of the consummation of the Merger in accordance with Section 251(h) of the DGCL on October 15, 2020, a change in control of the Company occurred. At the Effective Time, the Company became a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent.

 

Item 5.02.

Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers.

The information contained in the Introductory Note of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated herein by reference.

In accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement, (i) each of A. John Hass III, Patrick W. Gross, Laurence Franklin, George A. Logue, David Nierenberg, Jessie Woolley-Wilson, Steven P. Yankovich, Aedhmar Hynes and Kathryn Eberle Walker resigned from his or her respective position as a member of the Company’s Board of Directors, and any committee thereof and (ii) John Campbell and Barbara Benson became the directors of the Company, in each case, effective as of the Effective Time. Biographical and other information with respect to Mr. Campbell and Ms. Benson is set forth in Schedule A to the Offer to Purchase, a copy of which is attached as Exhibit (a)(1)(A) to the Tender Offer Statement on Schedule TO filed with the SEC by Parent and Merger Sub on September 15, 2020 and is incorporated herein by reference. Also at the Effective Time, all of the Company’s officers voluntarily resigned, with the exception of Mathew N. Hulett and Nicholas C. Gaehde, and ceased to be officers of the Company, and the officers of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time became the officers of the Company, including Mr. Campbell as President and Chief Executive Officer and Ms. Benson as Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer.

 

Item 5.03.

Amendment to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year.

The information contained in the Introductory Note of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated herein by reference.

Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Company were amended and restated in their entirety, effective as of the Effective Time. Copies of the Company’s third amended and restated certificate of incorporation and fifth amended and restated bylaws are included as Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2 hereto, respectively, each of which is incorporated by reference herein.


Item 8.01.

Other Events.

On October 15, 2020, the Company and Sponsor issued a press release announcing the consummation of the Offer and the Merger, a copy of which is attached as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.

 

Item 9.01.

Financial Statements and Exhibits.

(d) Exhibits

 

Exhibit
No.
  

Description

  2.1    Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of August 29, 2020, by and among Parent, Merger Sub, and the Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company with the SEC on August 31, 2020).*
  3.1    Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company.
  3.2    Fifth Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company.
99.1    Press Release issued by the Company and Sponsor on October 15, 2020.
104    Cover Page Interactive Data File (the cover page XBRL tags are embedded in the Inline XBRL document).

 

*

The Company agrees to furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted exhibit or schedule to the SEC upon request.


SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

Date: October 15, 2020

 

ROSETTA STONE INC.
By:  

/s/ Barbara Benson

Name:   Barbara Benson
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer
EX-3.1 2 d84157dex31.htm EX-3.1 EX-3.1

Exhibit 3.1

THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED

CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

OF

ROSETTA STONE INC.

****

FIRST: The name of the Corporation is Rosetta Stone Inc.

SECOND: The address of the Corporation’s registered office in the State of Delaware is Corporation Trust Center, 1209 Orange Street, Wilmington, County of New Castle, Delaware 19801. The name of its registered agent at such address is THE CORPORATION TRUST COMPANY.

THIRD: The nature of the business or the purpose to be conducted or promoted is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the DGCL.

FOURTH: The aggregate number of shares of capital stock that the Corporation shall have authority to issue is 1,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share.

FIFTH:

1. Liability. No director of the Corporation shall be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except for liability (i) for any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the Corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) under Section 174 of the DGCL, as the same exists or hereafter may be amended, or (iv) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. If the DGCL is amended to authorize the further elimination or limitation of liability of directors, then the liability of a director of the Corporation, in addition to the limitation on personal liability provided herein, shall be limited to the fullest extent permitted by an amended DGCL. Any repeal or modification of this ARTICLE FIFTH by the stockholders of the Corporation shall be prospective only, and shall not adversely affect any limitation on the personal liability of a director of the Corporation existing at the time of such repeal or modification.

2. Indemnification.

(a) To the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL as the same exists or as may hereafter be amended, a director of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director. If the DGCL is amended to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as so amended.


(b) The Corporation shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any director or officer of the Corporation who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (a “Proceeding”) by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with any such Proceeding. The Corporation shall be required to indemnify a person in connection with a Proceeding initiated by such person only if the Proceeding was authorized by the Board of Directors.

(c) The Corporation shall have the power to indemnify, to the extent permitted by the DGCL, as it presently exists or may hereafter be amended from time to time, any employee or agent of the Corporation who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any Proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with any such Proceeding.

(d) The Corporation may maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect itself and any director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any such expense, liability or loss, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or loss under the DGCL.

(e) Neither any amendment or repeal of any Section of this ARTICLE FIFTH, nor the adoption of any provision of this Certificate inconsistent with this ARTICLE FIFTH, shall eliminate or reduce the effect of this ARTICLE FIFTH, in respect of any matter occurring, or any action or proceeding accruing or arising or that, but for this ARTICLE FIFTH, would accrue or arise, prior to such amendment, repeal or adoption of an inconsistent provision.

SIXTH: Except as may be expressly provided in this Certificate, the Corporation reserves the right at any time and from time to time to amend, alter, change or repeal any provision contained in this Certificate, and any other provisions authorized by the laws of the State of Delaware at the time in force may be added or inserted, in the manner now or hereafter prescribed herein or by applicable law, and all rights, preferences and privileges of whatsoever nature conferred upon stockholders, directors or any other persons whomsoever by and pursuant to this Certificate in its present form or as hereafter amended are granted subject to the right reserved in this ARTICLE SIXTH; provided, however, that any amendment or repeal of ARTICLE SIXTH of this Certificate shall not adversely affect any right or protection existing thereunder in respect of any act or omission occurring prior to such amendment or repeal.

EX-3.2 3 d84157dex32.htm EX-3.2 EX-3.2

Exhibit 3.2

FIFTH AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS

OF

ROSETTA STONE INC.

ARTICLE I

OFFICES

Section 1.01 Offices. The registered office of Rosetta Stone Inc. (the “Corporation”) shall be COGENCY GLOBAL INC., 850 New Burton Road, Suite 201, Dover, County of Kent, Delaware 19904. The name of its registered agent at such address is COGENCY GLOBAL INC. The Corporation may have other offices, both within and without the State of Delaware, as the board of directors of the Corporation (the “Board of Directors”) from time to time shall determine or the business of the Corporation may require.

Section 1.02 Books and Records. Any records maintained by the Corporation in the regular course of its business, including its stock ledger, books of account and minute books, may be maintained on any information storage device or method.

ARTICLE II

MEETINGS OF THE STOCKHOLDERS

Section 2.01 Place of Meetings. Except as otherwise provided in these by-laws, all meetings of the stockholders shall be held on such dates and at such times and places, within or without the State of Delaware, as shall be determined by the Board of Directors and as shall be stated in the notice of the meeting or in waivers of notice thereof. If the place of any meeting is not so fixed, it shall be held at the registered office of the Corporation in the State of Delaware.

Section 2.02 Annual Meeting. The annual meeting of stockholders for the election of directors and the transaction of such other proper business as may be brought before the meeting shall be held on such date after the close of the Corporation’s fiscal year, and at such time, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine.

Section 2.03 Special Meetings. Special meetings of the stockholders, for any purpose or purposes, may be called by the Board of Directors and shall be called by the president or the secretary upon the written request of a majority of the directors. The request shall state the date, time, place and purpose or purposes of the proposed meeting.

Section 2.04 Adjournments. Any meeting of the stockholders, annual or special, may be adjourned from time to time to reconvene at the same or some other place, if any, and notice need not be given of any such adjourned meeting if the time, place, if any, thereof and the means of remote communication, if any, are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting, the Corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than 30 days, a notice of


the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting. If after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting, the Board of Directors shall fix a new record date for notice of the adjourned meeting and shall give notice of the adjourned meeting to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting as of the record date fixed for notice of the adjourned meeting.

Section 2.05 Notice of Meetings. Notice of the place, if any, date, hour, the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting (if such date is different from the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting) and means of remote communication, if any, of every meeting of stockholders shall be given by the Corporation not less than ten days nor more than 60 days before the meeting (unless a different time is specified by law) to every stockholder entitled to vote at the meeting as of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting. Notices of special meetings shall also specify the purpose or purposes for which the meeting has been called. Except as otherwise provided herein or permitted by applicable law, notice to stockholders shall be in writing and delivered personally or mailed to the stockholders at their address appearing on the books of the Corporation. Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders, notice of meetings may be given to stockholders by means of electronic transmission in accordance with applicable law. Notice of any meeting need not be given to any stockholder who shall, either before or after the meeting, submit a waiver of notice or who shall attend such meeting, except when the stockholder attends for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Any stockholder so waiving notice of the meeting shall be bound by the proceedings of the meeting in all respects as if due notice thereof had been given.

Section 2.06 List of Stockholders. The officer of the Corporation who has charge of the stock ledger shall prepare a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders (provided, however, if the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote is less than ten days before the date of the meeting, the list shall reflect the stockholders entitled to vote as of the tenth day before the meeting date), arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares of each class of capital stock of the Corporation registered in the name of each stockholder at least ten days before any meeting of the stockholders. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, on a reasonably accessible electronic network if the information required to gain access to such list was provided with the notice of the meeting or during ordinary business hours, at the principal place of business of the Corporation for a period of at least ten days before the meeting. If the meeting is to be held at a place, the list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting the whole time thereof and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present. If the meeting is held solely by means of remote communication, the list shall also be open for inspection by any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting as provided by applicable law. Except as provided by applicable law, the stock ledger of the Corporation shall be the only evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled to examine the stock ledger and the list of stockholders or to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders.

 

2


Section 2.07 Quorum. Unless otherwise required by law, the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation (the “Certificate of Incorporation”) or these by-laws, at each meeting of the stockholders, a majority in voting power of the shares of the Corporation entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum. If, however, such quorum shall not be present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, the stockholders entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, in the manner provided in Section 2.04, until a quorum shall be present or represented. A quorum, once established, shall not be broken by the subsequent withdrawal of enough votes to leave less than a quorum. At any such adjourned meeting at which there is a quorum, any business may be transacted that might have been transacted at the meeting originally called.

Section 2.08 Conduct of Meetings. At each meeting of the stockholders, the president or, in his or her absence, any one of the vice presidents, in order of their seniority, shall act as chairman of the meeting. The secretary or, in his or her absence, any person appointed by the chairman of the meeting shall act as secretary of the meeting and shall keep the minutes thereof. The order of business at all meetings of the stockholders shall be as determined by the chairman of the meeting.

Section 2.09 Voting; Proxies. Unless otherwise required by law or the Certificate of Incorporation, the election of directors shall be decided by a plurality of the votes cast at a meeting of the stockholders by the holders of stock entitled to vote in the election. Unless otherwise required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws, any matter, other than the election of directors, brought before any meeting of stockholders shall be decided by the affirmative vote of the majority of shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the matter. Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders or to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder by proxy, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. A proxy shall be irrevocable if it states that it is irrevocable and if, and only as long as, it is coupled with an interest sufficient in law to support an irrevocable power. A stockholder may revoke any proxy that is not irrevocable by attending the meeting and voting in person or by delivering to the secretary of the Corporation a revocation of the proxy or a new proxy bearing a later date. Voting at meetings of stockholders need not be by written ballot.

Section 2.10 Written Consent of Stockholders Without a Meeting. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, any action required to be taken or which may be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed, in person or by proxy, by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted in person or by proxy and shall be delivered to the Corporation as required by law. Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing.

 

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Section 2.11 Fixing the Record Date.

(a) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be more than 60 nor less than ten days before the date of such meeting. If the Board of Directors so fixes a date, such date shall also be the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting unless the Board of Directors determines, at the time it fixes such record date, that a later date on or before the date of the meeting shall be the date for making such determination. If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting and in such case shall also fix as the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned meeting the same or an earlier date as that fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote therewith at the adjourned meeting.

(b) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be more than ten days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting: (i) when no prior action by the Board of Directors is required by law, the record date for such purpose shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation by delivery (by hand, or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested) to its registered office in the State of Delaware, its principal place of business, or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded; and (ii) if prior action by the Board of Directors is required by law, the record date for such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution taking such prior action.

 

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(c) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall be not more than 60 days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.

ARTICLE III

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Section 3.01 General Powers. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may adopt such rules and procedures, not inconsistent with the Certificate of Incorporation, these by-laws or applicable law, as it may deem proper for the conduct of its meetings and the management of the Corporation.

Section 3.02 Number; Term of Office. Except as otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, until such time as the Board of Directors determines otherwise, the number of directors shall be no less than one (1). Each director shall hold office until a successor is duly elected and qualified or until the director’s earlier death, resignation, disqualification or removal.

Section 3.03 Newly Created Directorships and Vacancies. Any newly created directorships resulting from an increase in the authorized number of directors and any vacancies occurring in the Board of Directors, maybe filled by the affirmative votes of a majority of the remaining members of the Board of Directors, although less than a quorum. A director so elected shall be elected to hold office until the earlier of the expiration of the term of office of the director whom he or she has replaced, a successor is duly elected and qualified or the earlier of such director’s death, resignation or removal.

Section 3.04 Resignation. Any director may resign at any time by notice given in writing or by electronic transmission to the Corporation. Such resignation shall take effect at the date of receipt of such notice by the Corporation or at such later time as is therein specified.

Section 3.05 Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without notice at such times and at such places as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors or its chairman. Notice of regular meetings need not be given, except as otherwise required by law.

Section 3.06 Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board of Directors, for any purpose or purposes, may be called by the president and shall be called by the president or the secretary upon the written request of a majority of the directors. The request shall state the date, time, place and purpose or purposes of the proposed meeting.

 

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Section 3.07 Telephone Meetings. Board of Directors or Board of Directors committee meetings may be held by means of telephone conference or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other and be heard. Participation by a director in a meeting pursuant to this Section shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

Section 3.08 Adjourned Meetings. A majority of the directors present at any meeting of the Board of Directors, including an adjourned meeting, whether or not a quorum is present, may adjourn and reconvene such meeting to another time and place. At least 24 hours notice of any adjourned meeting of the Board of Directors shall be given to each director whether or not present at the time of the adjournment, if such notice shall be given by one of the means specified in Section 3.09 hereof other than by mail, or at least three days notice if by mail. Any business may be transacted at an adjourned meeting that might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called.

Section 3.09 Notices. Subject to Section 3.06, Section 3.08 and Section 3.10 hereof, whenever notice is required to be given to any director by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws, such notice shall be deemed given effectively if given in person or by telephone, mail addressed to such director at such director’s address as it appears on the records of the Corporation, facsimile, e-mail or by other means of electronic transmission.

Section 3.10 Waiver of Notice. Whenever the giving of any notice to directors is required by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws, a waiver thereof, given by the director entitled to the notice, whether before or after such notice is required, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance by a director at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting except when the director attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business on the ground that the meeting was not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special Board of Directors or committee meeting need be specified in any waiver of notice.

Section 3.11 Organization. At each meeting of the Board of Directors, the chairman or, in his or her absence, another director selected by the Board of Directors shall preside. The secretary shall act as secretary at each meeting of the Board of Directors. If the secretary is absent from any meeting of the Board of Directors, an assistant secretary shall perform the duties of secretary at such meeting; and in the absence from any such meeting of the secretary and all assistant secretaries, the person presiding at the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.

Section 3.12 Quorum of Directors. The presence of a majority of the Board of Directors shall be necessary and sufficient to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the Board of Directors.

 

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Section 3.13 Action By Majority Vote. Except as otherwise expressly required by these by-laws, the Certificate of Incorporation or by applicable law, the vote of a majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors.

Section 3.14 Action Without Meeting. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if a majority of the directors or members of such committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission, and the writings or electronic transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee in accordance with applicable law.

Section 3.15 Committees of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. If a member of a committee shall be absent from any meeting, or disqualified from voting thereat, the remaining member or members present at the meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may, by a unanimous vote, appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent permitted by applicable law, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers that may require it to the extent so authorized by the Board of Directors. Unless the Board of Directors provides otherwise, at all meetings of such committee, a majority of the then authorized members of the committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the vote of a majority of the members of the committee present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the committee. Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings. Unless the Board of Directors provides otherwise, each committee designated by the Board of Directors may make, alter and repeal rules and procedures for the conduct of its business. In the absence of such rules and procedures each committee shall conduct its business in the same manner as the Board of Directors conducts its business pursuant to this Article III.

ARTICLE IV

OFFICERS

Section 4.01 Positions and Election. The officers of the Corporation shall be elected by the Board of Directors and shall include a president, a treasurer and a secretary. The Board of Directors, in its discretion, may also elect a chairman (who must be a director), one or more vice chairmen (who must be directors) and one or more vice presidents, assistant treasurers, assistant secretaries and other officers. Any individual may be elected to, and may hold, more than one office of the Corporation.

 

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Section 4.02 Term. Each officer of the Corporation shall hold office until such officer’s successor is elected and qualified or until such officer’s earlier death, resignation or removal. Any officer elected or appointed by the Board of Directors may be removed by the Board of Directors at any time with or without cause by the majority vote of the members of the Board of Directors then in office. The removal of an officer shall be without prejudice to his or her contract rights, if any. The election or appointment of an officer shall not of itself create contract rights. Any officer of the Corporation may resign at any time by giving written notice of his or her resignation to the president or the secretary. Any such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein or, if the time when it shall become effective shall not be specified therein, immediately upon its receipt. Unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Should any vacancy occur among the officers, the position shall be filled for the unexpired portion of the term by appointment made by the Board of Directors.

Section 4.03 The President. The president shall have general supervision over the business of the Corporation and other duties incident to the office of president, and any other duties as may be from time to time assigned to the president by the Board of Directors and subject to the control of the Board of Directors in each case.

Section 4.04 Vice Presidents. Each vice president shall have such powers and perform such duties as may be assigned to him or her from time to time by the chairman of the Board of Directors or the president.

Section 4.05 The Secretary. The secretary shall attend all sessions of the Board of Directors and all meetings of the stockholders and record all votes and the minutes of all proceedings in a book to be kept for that purpose, and shall perform like duties for committees when required. He or she shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and meetings of the Board of Directors, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or the president. The secretary shall keep in safe custody the seal of the Corporation and have authority to affix the seal to all documents requiring it and attest to the same.

Section 4.06 The Treasurer. The treasurer shall have the custody of the corporate funds and securities, except as otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation and shall deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors. The treasurer shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by the Board of Directors, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the president and the directors, at the regular meetings of the Board of Directors, or whenever they may require it, an account of all his or her transactions as treasurer and of the financial condition of the Corporation.

Section 4.07 Duties of Officers May be Delegated. In case any officer is absent, or for any other reason that the Board of Directors may deem sufficient, the president or the Board of Directors may delegate for the time being the powers or duties of such officer to any other officer or to any director.

 

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ARTICLE V

STOCK CERTIFICATES AND THEIR TRANSFER

Section 5.01 Certificates Representing Shares. Certificates for the Corporation’s capital stock, if any, shall be in such form as required by law and as approved by the Board of Directors. Each certificate, if any, shall be signed in the name of the Corporation by the president or any vice president and by the secretary, the treasurer, any assistant secretary or any assistant treasurer. Any or all of the signatures on a certificate may be a facsimile or other electronic format (e.g., PDF). In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who shall have signed or whose facsimile signature shall have been placed on any certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before the certificate shall be issued, the certificate may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if he or she were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.

Section 5.02 Transfers of Stock. Stock of the Corporation shall be transferable in the manner prescribed by law and in these by-laws. Transfers of stock shall be made on the books of the Corporation only by the holder of record thereof, by such person’s attorney lawfully constituted in writing and, in the case of certificated shares, upon the surrender of the certificate thereof, which shall be cancelled before a new certificate or uncertificated shares shall be issued. No transfer of stock shall be valid as against the Corporation for any purpose until it shall have been entered in the stock records of the Corporation by an entry showing from and to whom transferred. To the extent designated by the president or any vice president or the treasurer of the Corporation, the Corporation may recognize the transfer of fractional uncertificated shares, but shall not otherwise be required to recognize the transfer of fractional shares.

Section 5.03 Transfer Agents and Registrars. The Board of Directors may appoint, or authorize any officer or officers to appoint, one or more transfer agents and one or more registrars.

Section 5.04 Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. The Board of Directors may direct a new certificate or uncertificated shares to be issued in place of any certificate theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the owner of the allegedly lost, stolen or destroyed certificate. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate or uncertificated shares, the Board of Directors may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or the owner’s legal representative to give the Corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed or the issuance of such new certificate or uncertificated shares.

 

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ARTICLE VI

INDEMNIFICATION

Section 6.01 Right to Advancement of Expenses. In addition to the right of any officer or director of the Corporation to indemnification conferred under the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation or any other agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise relating to the indemnification thereof, by reason of the fact that he is or was an officer or director of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as an officer or director (an “Indemnitee”), an Indemnitee shall also have the right to be paid by the Corporation the expenses (including attorney’s fees) incurred in defending any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (a “Proceeding”) in advance of its final disposition (an “Advancement of Expenses”); provided, however, that, if the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “General Corporation Law”) requires, an Advancement of Expenses incurred by an Indemnitee shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking (hereinafter an “Undertaking”), by or on behalf of such Indemnitee, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal (hereinafter a “Final Adjudication”) that such Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified for such expenses under this Section or otherwise.

Section 6.02 Right of Indemnitee to Bring Suit. If a claim under Section 6.01 or otherwise under the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation is not paid in full by the Corporation within 60 days after a written claim has been received by the Corporation, except in the case of a claim for an Advancement of Expenses, in which case the applicable period shall be 20 days, the Indemnitee may at any time thereafter bring suit against the Corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim. To the fullest extent permitted by law, if an Indemnitee is successful in whole or in part in any such suit or in a suit brought by the Corporation to recover an Advancement of Expenses pursuant to the terms of an Undertaking, such Indemnitee shall be entitled to be paid by the Corporation also the expense of prosecuting or defending such suit. In (i) any suit brought by the Indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification under the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation (but not in a suit brought by the Indemnitee to enforce a right to an Advancement of Expenses) it shall be a defense that, and (ii) any suit brought by the Corporation to recover an Advancement of Expenses pursuant to the terms of an Undertaking, the Corporation shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon a Final Adjudication that, the Indemnitee has not met any applicable standard for indemnification set forth in the General Corporation Law. Neither the failure of the Corporation (including its directors who are not parties to such action, a committee of such directors, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such suit that indemnification of the Indemnitee is proper in the circumstances because the Indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the General Corporation Law, nor an actual determination by the Corporation (including its directors who are not parties to such action, a committee of such directors, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) that the Indemnitee has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall create a presumption that the Indemnitee

 

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has not met the applicable standard of conduct or, in the case of such a suit brought by the Indemnitee, be a defense to such suit. In any suit brought by the Indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification or to an Advancement of Expenses hereunder, or brought by the Corporation to recover an Advancement of Expenses pursuant to the terms of an Undertaking, the burden of proving that the Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified or to such Advancement of Expenses, otherwise shall be on the Corporation.

Section 6.03 Non-Exclusivity of Rights. The rights to the Advancement of Expenses conferred in this Article VI shall not be exclusive of any other right which any person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute; the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation or by-laws; any agreement, vote of stockholders or directors, or otherwise.

Section 6.04 Insurance. The Corporation may maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect itself and any director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any expense, liability or loss, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or loss under the General Corporation Law.

Section 6.05 Indemnification of Employees and Agents of the Corporation. The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, grant rights to the Advancement of Expenses to any employee or agent of the Corporation to the fullest extent of the provisions of this Article VI with respect to the Advancement of Expenses of officers and directors of the Corporation.

Section 6.06 Nature of Rights. The rights conferred upon Indemnitees in this Article VI shall be contract rights and such rights shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has ceased to be an officer or director and shall inure to the benefit of the Indemnitee’s heirs, executors and administrators. Any amendment, alteration or repeal of this Article VI that adversely affects any right of an Indemnitee or his heirs, executors or administrators, shall be prospective only and shall not limit or eliminate any such right with respect to any Proceeding involving any occurrence or alleged occurrence of any action or omission to act that took place prior to such amendment or repeal.

ARTICLE VII

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Section 7.01 Seal. The seal of the Corporation shall be in such form as shall be approved by the Board of Directors. The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise, as may be prescribed by law or custom or by the Board of Directors.

Section 7.02 Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be determined by the Board of Directors.

 

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Section 7.03 Voting Shares in Other Corporations. Unless otherwise directed by the Board of Directors, shares in other corporations which are held by the Corporation shall be represented and voted only by the president or by a proxy or proxies appointed by him or her.

Section 7.04 Dividends. Subject to applicable law and the Certificate of Incorporation, dividends upon the shares of capital stock of the Corporation may be declared by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property or in shares of the Corporation’s capital stock, unless otherwise provided by applicable law or the Certificate of Incorporation.

Section 7.05 Forum Selection By-law. Unless the corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for: (a) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the corporation, (b) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any current or former director, officer, other employee, agent or stockholder of the corporation to the corporation or the corporation’s stockholders, including, without limitation, a claim alleging the aiding and abetting of such a breach of fiduciary duty, (c) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the General Corporation Law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-laws (as each may be amended from time to time) or as to which the General Corporation Law confers jurisdiction on the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or (d) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine or other “internal corporate claim” as that term is defined in Section 115 of the General Corporation Law. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring or holding any interest in shares of capital stock of the corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this Section 7.05.

ARTICLE VIII

AMENDMENTS

These by-laws may be amended, altered, changed, adopted and repealed or new by-laws adopted by the Board of Directors. The stockholders may make additional by-laws and may alter and repeal any by-laws whether such by-laws were originally adopted by them or otherwise.

 

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EX-99.1 4 d84157dex991.htm EX-99.1 EX-99.1

Exhibit 99.1

 

LOGO

Cambium Learning Group Completes Acquisition of Rosetta Stone

Addition of Rosetta Stone Expands Cambium’s Digital-Centric Portfolio

DALLAS, TX (October 15, 2020) Cambium Learning Group, Inc., a leading provider of digital education solutions and professional learning services and a portfolio company of Veritas Capital, today announced that it has completed its acquisition of Rosetta Stone, a world leader in technology-based language and literacy learning.

Founded in 1992, Rosetta Stone’s language division uses innovative digital solutions to help all types of learners read, write and speak more than 30 languages. Lexia Learning, Rosetta Stone’s literacy education division, is a leader in the PreK-12 literacy space and helps students build reading and oral language skills through its evidence-based, independently evaluated instruction and assessment blended-learning programs. Solutions include Lexia® Core5® Reading (online differentiated literacy instruction for students of all abilities in grades pre-K-5), Lexia® PowerUp® Literacy (online solution to help struggling readers in grades 6-12 become proficient readers and confident learners), Rosetta Stone® English (online blended solution to build oral language skills in emergent bilinguals), and Lexia® Rapid Assessment (research-based, computer-adaptive reading and language assessment). As award-winning digital solutions designed to deliver meaningful learning outcomes, Rosetta Stone and Lexia Learning strongly align with Cambium’s digital-centric portfolio of literacy products.

“Rosetta Stone and Lexia Learning are both iconic digital education brands with tremendous breadth and impact worldwide. Despite the uncertain time in the education industry, both brands have shown remarkable resilience and partnership to their growing base of users,” said John Campbell, CEO of Cambium Learning. “By leveraging our combined scale, Rosetta Stone and Lexia Learning will be able to reach even more teachers, students and lifetime learners and better serve their existing customers.”

“We are thrilled to welcome Rosetta Stone and Lexia Learning to Cambium Learning to create one of the largest and most impactful digital education providers in the world. We look forward to Cambium’s continued growth as it transforms the future of K-12 education for administrators, teachers and students,” added Ramzi Musallam, Chief Executive Officer and Managing Partner of Veritas.


About Rosetta Stone Inc.

Rosetta Stone Inc. is dedicated to changing people’s lives through the power of language and literacy education. The company’s innovative digital solutions drive positive learning outcomes for the inspired learner at home or in schools and workplaces around the world.

Founded in 1992, Rosetta Stone’s language division uses advanced digital technology to help all types of learners read, write and speak more than 30 languages, including several endangered languages. Lexia Learning, Rosetta Stone’s literacy education division, was founded more than 35 years ago and is a leader in the literacy education space. Today, Lexia helps students build fundamental reading skills through its rigorously researched, independently evaluated, and widely respected instruction and assessment programs.

For more information, visit www.rosettastone.com. “Rosetta Stone” is a registered trademark or trademark of Rosetta Stone Ltd. in the United States and other countries.

About Cambium Learning Group, Inc.

Cambium Learning® Group believes every student has great potential, teachers are mission-critical, and data, instruction and practice work together to drive performance. With a portfolio of award-winning brands, Cambium Learning Group’s digital and blended curriculum and professional learning solutions drive proficiency, equity, and other learning outcomes in classrooms everywhere. Brands include Learning A-Z® (online differentiated instruction for K-6 school reading, writing and science), ExploreLearning® (online interactive math and science simulations, a math fact fluency solution, and a K-2 science solution), Voyager Sopris Learning® (blended solutions that accelerate struggling learners to achieve in literacy and math and professional learning for teachers), Cambium Assessment (innovative state- and district-level assessment solutions), and VKidz Learning (online PreK-12 homeschool curriculum and programs for literacy and math).

Come learn with us at www.cambiumlearning.com.

About Veritas Capital

Veritas is a leading private investment firm that invests in companies that provide critical products and services, primarily technology and technology-enabled solutions, to government and commercial customers worldwide, including those operating in the healthcare, national security, software, education, aerospace & defense, government services, communications, and energy industries. Veritas seeks to create value by strategically transforming the companies in which it invests through organic and inorganic means.

For more information on Veritas and its current and past investments, visit www.veritascapital.com.

Media Contact

John Jorgenson

CMO, Cambium Learning Group

520.204.2452 / john.jorgenson@cambiumlearning.com

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Document and Entity Information
Oct. 15, 2020
Cover [Abstract]  
Entity Registrant Name ROSETTA STONE INC
Amendment Flag false
Entity Central Index Key 0001351285
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31
Document Type 8-K
Document Period End Date Oct. 15, 2020
Entity Incorporation State Country Code DE
Entity File Number 001-34283
Entity Tax Identification Number 04-3837082
Entity Address, Address Line One 1621 North Kent Street
Entity Address, Address Line Two Suite 1200
Entity Address, City or Town Arlington
Entity Address, State or Province VA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 22209
City Area Code (703)
Local Phone Number 387-5800
Written Communications false
Soliciting Material false
Pre Commencement Tender Offer false
Pre Commencement Issuer Tender Offer false
Security 12b Title Common Stock, $0.00005 par value per share
Trading Symbol RST
Security Exchange Name NYSE
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