10-Q 1 d10q.htm FORM 10-Q Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-Q

 

 

(Mark One)

x Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2009

Or

 

¨ Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from              to             .

Commission File No. 000-52596

 

 

DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Maryland   30-0309068

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

518 Seventeenth Street, 17th Floor

Denver, CO

  80202
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (303) 228-2200

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ¨    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer   ¨    Accelerated filer   ¨
Non-accelerated filer   x  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    Smaller reporting company   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

As of November 10, 2009, 184,476,977 shares of common stock of Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc., par value $0.01 per share, were outstanding.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc.

Form 10-Q

September 30, 2009

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.   Financial Statements:   
  Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets    3
  Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations    4
  Condensed Consolidated Statement of Equity    5
  Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows    6
  Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements    7
Item 2.   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations    36
Item 3.   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk    54
Item 4.   Controls and Procedures    54
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.   Legal Proceedings    55
Item 1A.   Risk Factors    55
Item 2.   Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds    55
Item 3.   Defaults upon Senior Securities    56
Item 4.   Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders    57
Item 5.   Other Information    57
Item 6.   Exhibits    57


Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share information)

 

     As of September 30,
2009
    As of December 31,
2008
 

ASSETS

    

Investments in real property:

    

Land

   $ 381,062      $ 336,104   

Building and improvements

     998,610        941,375   

Intangible lease assets

     200,307        171,630   

Accumulated depreciation and amortization

     (131,843     (87,808
                

Total net investments in real property

     1,448,136        1,361,301   

Investment in unconsolidated joint venture

     17,380        17,532   

Investments in real estate securities

     63,874        52,368   

Debt related investments, net

     153,793        88,849   
                

Total net investments

     1,683,183        1,520,050   

Cash and cash equivalents

     612,088        540,213   

Restricted cash

     41,606        18,152   

Subscriptions receivable

     6,447        13,004   

Other assets, net

     37,032        32,159   
                

Total Assets

   $ 2,380,356      $ 2,123,578   
                

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

    

Liabilities:

    

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

   $ 14,911      $ 10,562   

Dividends payable

     27,796        24,716   

Mortgage notes

     807,265        719,067   

Other secured borrowings

     13,352        15,861   

Financing obligations

     109,601        105,068   

Intangible lease liabilities, net

     56,047        53,969   

Derivative instruments

     138        27,213   

Other liabilities

     40,294        7,256   
                

Total Liabilities

     1,069,404        963,712   

Equity:

    

Stockholders’ Equity:

    

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized; none outstanding

     —          —     

Common stock, $0.01 par value; 1,000,000,000 shares authorized; 182,681,413 and 159,029,225 shares issued and outstanding, as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively

     1,827        1,590   

Additional paid-in capital

     1,645,242        1,431,989   

Distributions in excess of earnings

     (402,581     (304,661

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (7,472     (43,849
                

Total stockholders’ equity

     1,237,016        1,085,069   

Noncontrolling interests

     73,936        74,797   
                

Total Equity

     1,310,952        1,159,866   
                

Total Liabilities and Equity

   $ 2,380,356      $ 2,123,578   
                

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except per share information)

 

     For the Three Months Ended
September 30,
    For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2009     2008     2009     2008  

REVENUE:

        

Rental revenue

   $ 35,950      $ 27,500      $ 105,862      $ 82,669   

Securities income

     1,499        4,137        6,629        12,758   

Debt related income

     3,098        2,453        6,470        7,440   
                                

Total Revenue

     40,547        34,090        118,961        102,867   

EXPENSES:

        

Rental expense

     9,204        7,212        27,297        21,481   

Depreciation and amortization expense

     14,588        12,582        43,577        37,872   

General and administrative expenses

     1,110        1,189        3,607        3,261   

Asset management fees, related party

     3,382        2,745        9,513        8,580   

Acquisition-related expenses and other (gains) losses

     (949     —          2,827        —     
                                

Total Operating Expenses

     27,335        23,728        86,821        71,194   

Operating Income

     13,212        10,362        32,140        31,673   

Other Income (Expenses):

        

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated joint venture

     557        31        1,653        31   

Interest income

     497        3,303        2,599        9,212   

Interest expense

     (14,673     (10,792     (41,859     (33,211

Gain (loss) on derivatives

     16        471        (7,997     (8,427

Gain on extinguishment of debt

     —          —          —          9,309   

Other-than-temporary impairment on securities:

        

Other-than-temporary impairment on securities

     (6,385     (13,540     (14,551     (79,441

Noncredit-related losses on securities not expected to be sold

     —          —          1,488        —     
                                

Net other-than-temporary impairment on securities

     (6,385     (13,540     (13,063     (79,441
                                

Net Loss

     (6,776     (10,165     (26,527     (70,854

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests

     326        699        1,376        2,724   
                                

NET LOSS ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS

   $ (6,450   $ (9,466   $ (25,151   $ (68,130
                                

NET LOSS PER COMMON SHARE

        

Basic

   $ (0.04   $ (0.06   $ (0.15   $ (0.51
                                

Diluted

   $ (0.04   $ (0.06   $ (0.15   $ (0.51
                                

WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING

        

Basic

     178,062        147,180        170,559        134,075   
                                

Diluted

     185,118        153,116        177,695        137,805   
                                

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF EQUITY

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

 

                       Accumulated                    
                 Additional     Distributions in     Other                    
   Common Stock     Paid-in     Excess of     Comprehensive     Noncontrolling     Comprehensive     Total  
     Shares     Amount     Capital     Earnings     Income (Loss)     Interests     Income (Loss)     Equity  

Balances, December 31, 2008

   159,029      $ 1,590      $ 1,431,989      $ (304,661   $ (43,849   $ 74,797        $ 1,159,866   

Comprehensive income (loss):

                

Net loss

   —          —          —          (25,151     —          (1,376   (26,527     (26,527

Cumulative effect of adoption of accounting principal

   —          —          —          3,963        (3,963     —        —          —     

Net unrealized change from available-for-sale securities, net of reclassification of $13,063 of net losses included in net loss

   —          —          —          —          25,250        848      26,098        26,098   

Cash flow hedging derivatives

   —          —          —          —          15,090        629      15,719        15,719   
                          

Comprehensive income

               15,290        15,290   

Common stock:

                

Issuance of common stock, net of offering costs

   27,582        276        250,144        —          —          —            250,420   

Redemptions of common stock

   (3,930     (39     (36,918     —          —          —            (36,957

Amortization of stock based compensation

   —          —          27        —          —          —            27   

Distributions on common stock

   —          —          —          (76,732     —          —            (76,732

Noncontrolling interests:

                

Contributions of noncontrolling interests

   —            —          —          —          4,628          4,628   

Distributions to noncontrolling interests

   —          —          —          —          —          (5,590       (5,590
                                                        

Balances, September 30, 2009

   182,681      $ 1,827      $ 1,645,242      $ (402,581   $ (7,472   $ 73,936        $ 1,310,952   
                                                        

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

 

     For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2009     2008  

OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

    

Net loss

   $ (26,527   $ (70,854

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:

    

Real estate depreciation and amortization expense

     43,577        37,872   

Net accretion of real estate securities discounts and premiums

     1,527     

Other depreciation and amortization

     1,025        (1,129

Loss on derivatives

     7,782        8,427   

Gain on extinguishment of debt

     —          (9,309

Net impairment of available-for-sale securities

     13,063        79,441   

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

    

(Increase) in restricted cash

     (1,716     (295

(Increase) decrease in other assets

     (3,905     1,080   

Increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses

     3,556        2,972   

Increase in other liabilities

     384        974   
                

Net cash provided by operating activities

     38,766        49,179   

INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

    

Investment in real property

     (86,738     (84,685

Investment in unconsolidated joint ventures

     —          (17,329

Principal collections on real estate securities

     3        65   

Investment in debt related investments

     (53,413     (9,053

(Increase) in restricted cash

     (18,268     —     

Principal collections on debt related investments

     —          35,233   
                

Net cash used in investing activities

     (158,416     (75,769

FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

    

Mortgage note proceeds

     53,334        82,140   

Mortgage note principal repayments

     (3,108     (112,762

Repayment of other secured borrowings

     (2,508     (12,800

Financing obligation proceeds

     12,184        50,409   

Settlement of cash flow hedging derivatives

     (21,195     (12,401

Proceeds from sale of common stock

     237,019        374,173   

Offering costs for issuance of common stock, related party

     (18,508     (30,994

Redemption of common shares

     (22,391     (19,964

Distributions to common stockholders

     (34,148     (21,566

Distributions to noncontrolling interest holders

     (5,508     (4,237

Other financing activities

     (3,646     (15,796
                

Net cash provided by financing activities

     191,525        276,202   

NET INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

     71,875        249,612   

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of period

     540,213        291,634   

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of period

   $ 612,088      $ 541,246   
                

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:

    

Assumed mortgage

   $ 42,000      $ —     

Amount issued pursuant to the distribution reinvestment plan

   $ 39,584      $ 32,141   

Cash paid for interest

   $ 39,382      $ 22,607   

Issuances of OP Units for beneficial interests

   $ 7,465      $ 64,893   

Non-cash financing for debt related investment

   $ —        $ 10,753   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2009

1. ORGANIZATION

Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. is a Maryland corporation formed on April 11, 2005 to invest in a diverse portfolio of real property and real estate related investments. As used herein, “the Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries and partnerships except where the context otherwise requires.

We operate in a manner intended to qualify as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for federal income tax purposes, commencing with the taxable year ended December 31, 2006, when we first elected REIT status. We utilize an Umbrella Partnership Real Estate Investment Trust (“UPREIT”) organizational structure to hold all or substantially all of our assets through our operating partnership, Dividend Capital Total Realty Operating Partnership, L.P. (the “Operating Partnership”). Furthermore, our Operating Partnership wholly owns a taxable REIT subsidiary, DCTRT Leasing Corp. (the “TRS”), through which we execute certain business transactions that might otherwise have an adverse impact on our status as a REIT if such business transactions were to occur directly or indirectly through the Operating Partnership.

Our day-to-day activities are managed by Dividend Capital Total Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”), an affiliate, under the terms and conditions of an advisory agreement (as amended from time to time the “Advisory Agreement”). The Advisor and its affiliates receive various forms of compensation, reimbursements and fees for services relating to the investment and management of our real estate assets.

As of the close of business on September 30, 2009, we terminated the primary portion of our public offering of shares of our common stock and ceased accepting new subscriptions to purchase shares of our common stock. However, we have and will continue to offer shares of common stock through our distribution reinvestment plan. As a result of the termination of the primary portion of our public offering, we terminated our dealer manager agreement with Dividend Capital Securities LLC (the “Dealer Manager”), an affiliate, that had served as the dealer manager of our public offerings.

We have raised equity capital through (i) selling shares of our common stock through our public offerings, (ii) reinvestment of dividends by our stockholders through our distribution reinvestment plan and (iii) our Operating Partnership’s private placements (see Note 8). As of September 30, 2009, we had issued and sold approximately 182.7 million shares of our common stock for net proceeds of approximately $1.6 billion, net of redemptions and selling costs, comprised of approximately 171.4 million shares for net proceeds of approximately $1.5 billion from our primary offering and approximately 11.3 million shares for net proceeds of approximately $107.1 million from our dividend reinvestment plan. In addition, we raised net proceeds of approximately $164.8 million pursuant to our Operating Partnership’s private placements. In total, as of September 30, 2009, we had raised approximately $1.8 billion in net proceeds.

We have invested in a diverse portfolio of real properties, real estate securities and debt related investments. We primarily invest in real property consisting of office, industrial, retail, multifamily, hospitality and other properties, primarily located in North America. Additionally, we have invested in real estate securities, including securities issued by other real estate companies, commercial mortgage backed securities (“CMBS”), commercial real estate collateralized debt obligations (“CRE-CDOs”) and certain debt related investments, including originating and participating in mortgage loans secured by real estate, junior portions of first mortgages on commercial properties (“B-notes”), mezzanine debt and other related investments.

As of September 30, 2009, we had gross investments of approximately $1.8 billion, comprised of approximately (i) $1.6 billion in real property, (ii) $63.9 million in real estate securities and (iii) $171.2 million in debt related investments, including a $17.4 million investment in an unconsolidated joint venture.

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Interim Financial Statements

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X for interim financial statements. Accordingly, these statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring items necessary for their fair presentation in conformity with GAAP. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. The information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2008 and related notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) on March 30, 2009.

 

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During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we recorded hedge ineffectiveness of approximately $561,000 that resulted from the identification of a misstatement associated with our assessment of the hedging effectiveness of three forward starting swaps whereby we incorrectly attributed approximately $561,000 of losses on these forward starting swaps to accumulated other comprehensive income during the year ended December 31, 2008. Upon our reassessment of these hedging relationships, we determined that this amount should have been included in losses on derivatives and recorded as a charge in our statement of operations. Accordingly, we have recorded this adjustment to gain (loss) on derivatives during the three months ended September 30, 2009 to correct this misstatement. We believe neither the origination nor the correction of the misstatement was material quantitatively or qualitatively to our condensed consolidated financial statements for the prior periods affected or for the three months ended September 30, 2009, the period in which we made the adjustment to correct the misstatement.

Principles of Consolidation

Due to our control of the Operating Partnership through our sole general partnership interest and the limited rights of the limited partners, we consolidate the Operating Partnership and limited partner interests not held by us are reflected as noncontrolling interests in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Our consolidated financial statements also include the accounts of our consolidated subsidiaries and joint ventures through which we are the primary beneficiary or through which we have a controlling interest. In determining whether we have a controlling interest in a joint venture and the requirement to consolidate the accounts of that entity, we consider factors such as ownership interest, board representation, management representation, authority to make decisions, and contractual and substantive participating rights of the partners/members as well as whether the entity is a variable interest entity in which it will absorb the majority of the entity’s expected losses, if they occur, or receive the majority of the expected residual returns, if they occur, or both.

Judgments made by us with respect to our level of influence or control of an entity and whether we are the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity involve consideration of various factors including the form of our ownership interest, the size of our investment (including loans) and our ability to participate in major policy making decisions. Our ability to correctly assess our influence or control over an entity affects the presentation of these investments in our consolidated financial statements and, consequently, our financial position and specific items in our results of operations that are used by our stockholders, lenders and others in their evaluation of us. As of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we consolidated approximately $844.6 million and $843.7 million, respectively, in real property investments, before accumulated depreciation and amortization, and approximately $518.6 million and $503.6 million, respectively, in mortgage note borrowings associated with our consolidated variable interest entities.

Generally, we consolidate real estate partnerships and other entities that are not variable interest entities when we own, directly or indirectly, a majority voting interest in the entity.

Real Property

Pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805, Business Combinations (“ASC Topic 805”), costs associated with the acquisition of real property, including acquisition fees paid to the Advisor, are now expensed as incurred as of January 1, 2009. Prior to January 1, 2009, pursuant to previous guidance under ASC Topic 805, we capitalized costs associated with the acquisition of real property, including acquisition fees paid to the Advisor, and amortized those costs over the related life of the acquired assets. In addition, we estimate the fair value of contingent consideration we receive related to acquisitions of real property in determining the total cost of the property acquired. Subsequent changes in the fair value of such contingent consideration are recorded either as gain or loss to our statement of operations. Prior to January 1, 2009, changes in the estimated fair value of contingent consideration were not recognized in our statements of operations. As a result, we recorded net acquisition-related income of approximately $950,000 and net acquisition-related loss of approximately $2.8 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively.

Costs associated with the development and improvement of our real property assets are capitalized as incurred. Costs incurred in making repairs and maintaining real estate assets are expensed as incurred. The results of operations for acquired real property are included in our accompanying consolidated statements of operations from their respective acquisition dates.

Upon acquisition, the total cost of a property is allocated to land, building, building and land improvements, tenant improvements and intangible lease assets and liabilities. The allocation of the total cost to land, building, building improvements and tenant improvements is based on our estimate of the property’s as-if vacant fair value. The as-if vacant fair value is calculated by using all available information such as the replacement cost of such asset, appraisals, property condition reports, market data and other related information. The difference between the fair value and the face value of debt assumed in an acquisition is recorded as a premium or discount and amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt assumed. The allocation of the total cost of a property to an intangible lease asset includes the value associated with the in-place leases which may include lost rent, leasing commissions, legal and other costs.

        We record acquired “above-market” and “below-market” leases at their fair value equal to the difference between the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to each in-place lease and our estimate of fair market lease rates for each corresponding in-place lease, measured over a period equal to the remaining term of the lease for above-market leases and the remaining term of the lease plus the term of any below-market fixed-rate renewal option periods for below-market leases. In addition, we allocate a portion of the purchase price of an acquired property to the estimated value of customer relationships, if any. As of September 30, 2009, we had not recorded any estimated value to customer relationships.

 

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Intangible in-place lease assets are amortized over the corresponding lease term. Above market lease assets are amortized as a reduction in rental revenue over the corresponding lease term. Below market lease liabilities are amortized as an increase in rental revenue over the corresponding lease term, plus any applicable fixed-rate renewal option periods. The following table summarizes the amounts that we have incurred in amortization expense for intangible lease assets and adjustments to rental revenue for above market lease assets and below market lease liabilities for the three and nine months ending September 30, 2009 and 2008 related to intangible lease assets and liabilities (amounts in thousands).

 

     For the Three Months Ended
September 30,
    For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2009     2008     2009     2008  

Intangible lease assets

   $ 7,149      $ 6,882      $ 21,686      $ 20,750   

Above market lease assets

     770        721        2,260        2,222   

Below market lease liabilities

     (1,344     (1,418     (4,156     (2,907
                                

Total amortization

   $ 6,575      $ 6,185      $ 19,790      $ 20,065   
                                

We expense any unamortized intangible lease asset or record an adjustment to rental revenue for any unamortized above market lease asset or below market lease liability when a tenant terminates a lease before the stated lease expiration date. The following table summarizes the amounts that we have recorded as an expense for unamortized intangible lease assets and adjustments to rental revenue for unamortized above market lease assets or below market lease liabilities as a result of early lease terminations for the three and nine months ending September 30, 2009 and 2008 related to intangible lease assets and liabilities (amounts in thousands).

 

    For the Three Months Ended
September 30,
    For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
    2009   2008     2009     2008  

Intangible lease assets

  $ 53   $ 390      $ 1,051      $ 1,168   

Above market lease assets

    1     —          1        12   

Below market lease liabilities

    —       (6     (144     (151
                             

Total amortization

  $ 54   $ 384      $ 908      $ 1,029   
                             

Real Estate Securities

As of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, investments in real estate securities consisted of preferred equity securities, CMBS and CRE-CDOs. We classify our investments in real estate securities as either trading investments, available-for-sale investments or held-to-maturity investments. Although we generally intend to hold most of our investments in real estate securities for the long term or until maturity, we may from time to time sell any of these assets as part of the overall management of our portfolio. As of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, all of our real estate securities were classified as available-for-sale. All assets classified as available-for-sale are reported based on our best estimate of fair value. Our estimate of the fair value of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities requires significant judgment and uses a combination of (i) observable market information, (ii) unobservable market assumptions and (iii) security-specific characteristics in determining the fair values of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments. See Note 9 for additional details regarding our determination of the fair value of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments. Temporary unrealized gains and losses are excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component within stockholders’ equity referred to as other comprehensive income (loss).

Debt Related Investments

Debt related investments, as reported on the accompanying balance sheet, include our mortgage, mezzanine, and B-note investments. Debt related investments are considered to be held-to-maturity, as we have both the intent and ability to hold these investments until maturity. Accordingly, these assets are carried at cost, net of unamortized loan origination costs and fees, discounts, repayments and unfunded commitments unless such loans or investments are deemed to be impaired.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition — Real Property

We record rental revenue for the full term of each lease on a straight-line basis. Certain properties have leases that offer the tenant a period of time where no rent is due or where rent payments increase during the term of the lease. Accordingly, we record a receivable from tenants for rent that we expect to collect over the remaining lease term rather than currently, which is recorded as straight-line rents receivable. When we acquire a property, the term of any existing leases is considered to commence as of the acquisition date for purposes of this calculation. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, the total increase to rental revenue due to straight-line rent adjustments was approximately $1.1 million and $3.2 million, respectively, and approximately $1.5 million and $4.2 million for the same periods in 2008.

 

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Tenant recovery income includes payments from tenants for real estate taxes, insurance and other property operating expenses and is recognized as rental revenue. Tenant recovery income recognized as rental revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, was approximately $7.2 million and $21.5 million, respectively, and approximately $4.7 million and $15.8 million for the same periods in 2008.

Revenue Recognition — Real Estate Securities

When we are able to reliably estimate cash flows we record interest income on CMBS and CRE-CDO investments using the effective interest method in accordance with ASC Topic 320, Debt and Equity Securities (“ASC Topic 320”). At the time of purchase, we estimate the future expected cash flows and determine the amount of accretable yield based on these estimated cash flows and the purchase price. As appropriate, we update these estimated cash flows to compute a revised yield based on the current amortized cost of the investment. In estimating these cash flows, there are a number of assumptions that are subject to uncertainties and contingencies, including the rate and timing of principal payments (including prepayments, repurchases, defaults and liquidations), the pass-through or coupon rate, interest rate fluctuations, interest payment shortfalls and the timing and the magnitude of credit losses on the mortgage loans underlying the securities. These uncertainties and contingencies are difficult to predict and are subject to future events that may impact our estimates and our securities income.

As discussed below in more detail, if we determine there has been an other-than-temporary impairment of any of our CMBS and/or CRE-CDOs, we determine an amount of accretable yield based on our estimated cash flows that we subsequently amortize to income over the expected life of the investment using the effective interest method. We amortized approximately $1.3 million and $2.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, resulting in a reduction to securities income for our CMBS and CRE-CDOs associated with previously recorded other-than-temporary impairments. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recorded $387,000 as an increase to interest income for certain CRE-CDOs for which we recorded an other-than-temporary impairment. See Note 4 for additional discussion of impairment of real estate securities.

Dividend income on preferred securities is recognized on the date the dividend is earned (referred to commonly as the “ex-dividend date”). Upon settlement of securities, the excess (or deficiency) of net proceeds over the net carrying value of such security or loan is recognized as a gain (or loss) in the period of settlement. All of our preferred securities investments are cumulative preferred securities. In the event that an issuer of one of our investments in preferred securities suspends the payment of the dividend, we do not recognize dividend income until payments are resumed and the related ex-dividend date is declared. In the event that payments are resumed for what was a previously suspended payment, we would anticipate repayments that would compensate us for payments that the issuer previously suspended due to the cumulative nature of our preferred securities investments.

We consider whether we can reliably estimate the timing and amount of cash flows that we expect to receive from our securities. As of September 30, 2009, we determined that we can estimate cash flows related to one of our CRE-CDO investments. Furthermore, we determined that we cannot estimate the timing and amount of cash flows that we expect to receive related to our remaining CMBS and CRE-CDO securities. Therefore, we account for such securities under the cost recovery method of accounting with respect to these CMBS and CRE-CDO securities where we cannot reliably estimate the timing and amount of cash flows. The application of the cost recovery method of accounting will require that we cease to recognize interest income related to these securities until the amortized cost of each respective security is depleted or until we can reliably estimate the amount of cash flows. After such point, cash payments will be recorded to interest income, which will result in diminished securities income in future periods in the near term.

Revenue Recognition — Debt Related Investments

Interest income on debt related investments is recognized over the life of the investment using the effective interest method and recognized on an accrual basis. Fees received in connection with loan commitments are deferred until the loan is funded and are then recognized over the term of the loan. Anticipated exit fees, where collection is expected, are also recognized over the term of the debt related investment.

Impairment

Impairment — Real Property

We review our investments in real property individually on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when such an evaluation is warranted, to determine their appropriate classification, as well as whether there are indicators of impairment. The investments in real property are either classified as held for sale or held and used.

As of September 30, 2009, all of our properties are classified as held and used. These held and used assets are reviewed for indicators of impairment which may include, among others, each tenant’s inability to make rent payments, operating losses or negative operating trends at the property level, notification by a tenant that it will not renew its lease, a decision to dispose of a

 

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property, including a change in estimated holding periods, or adverse changes in the fair value of any of our properties. If indicators of impairment exist on a held and used asset, we compare the future estimated undiscounted cash flows from the expected use of the property to its net book value to determine if impairment exists. If the sum of the future estimated undiscounted cash flows is greater than the current net book value, we conclude no impairment exists. If the sum of the future estimated undiscounted cash flows is less than its current net book value, we recognize an impairment loss for the difference between the net book value of the property and its estimated fair value. If a property is classified as held for sale, we recognize an impairment loss if the current net book value of the property exceeds its fair value less selling costs. If our assumptions, projections or estimates regarding a property change in the future, we may have to record an impairment charge to reduce or further reduce the net book value of the property. As of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we had not recorded any impairment charges to our real properties.

Impairment — Real Estate Securities

We evaluate our real estate securities for other-than-temporary impairment on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. When our estimate of fair value of a real estate security is less than its amortized cost, we consider whether there is an other-than-temporary impairment in the value of the security. The evaluation of other-than-temporary impairment differs between our investments in (i) preferred equity securities and (ii) CMBS and CRE-CDO securities, as described further below.

Preferred Equity Securities Impairment

On October 14, 2008, the staff in the Office of the Chief Accountant of the Commission noted in a letter (the “SEC Letter”) to the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), that after consulting with the FASB, the staff would not object to the application of an impairment model for perpetual preferred securities similar to debt securities since ASC Topic 320, Debt and Equity Securities (“ASC Topic 320”) does not specifically address the impact of the debt-like characteristics on the assessment of other-than-temporary impairment. The assessment of other-than-temporary impairment differs significantly between equity securities and debt securities. For equity securities, other-than-temporary impairment is recognized unless it is expected that the value of the security will recover in the near term and the investor has the intent and ability to hold the securities until recovery. However, for debt securities, impairment is considered other-than-temporary only if the investor does not have the ability and intent to hold the security until recovery or it has been determined that there has been an adverse change, either in timing or amount, of the cash flows underlying the investment. Such an evaluation should be based on our ability and intent to hold the security to recovery and the underlying credit of the issuers. We adopted this impairment model for our investments in perpetual preferred securities during the year ended December 31, 2008. The SEC Letter noted that the views of the staff were an intermediate step in the process of addressing the impairment of perpetual preferred securities and asked the FASB to expeditiously address the issue. As of September 30, 2009, all of our preferred securities investments were perpetual preferred securities. In applying the impairment model for perpetual preferred securities, we apply a debt security impairment model for our preferred equity securities investments that are of investment grade quality credit. Preferred equity securities that are below investment grade quality are analyzed for other-than-temporary impairment under an equity security model. If, in our judgment, an other-than-temporary impairment exists, the cost basis of the security is written down to its fair value as of the respective balance sheet date, and the respective unrealized loss is reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss and recorded as a reduction to earnings.

We reviewed our preferred equity securities investments for indicators of other-than-temporary impairment. This review included analysis of (i) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been lower than carrying value, (ii) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuers, including consideration of any credit deterioration and (iii) our intent and ability to hold our investment for a reasonable period of time sufficient to allow for a forecasted recovery of fair value. Based on the results of this review, we did not record an other-than-temporary impairment charge for the three or nine months ended September 30, 2009. We did not record an other-than-temporary impairment charge in connection with our preferred equity securities for the three months ended September 30, 2008. For the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recorded an other-than-temporary impairment charge of approximately $32.7 million related to certain of our preferred equity securities.

CMBS and CRE-CDO Securities Impairment

On April 9, 2009, the FASB issued ASC Topic 320-10-65, Debt and Equity Securities (“ASC Topic 320-10-65”), which applies to the determination of other-than-temporary impairment for debt securities (i.e. our investments in CMBS and CRE-CDO securities). ASC Topic 320-10-65 states that an other-than-temporary impairment write-down of debt securities, where fair value is below amortized cost, is triggered in circumstances where (i) an entity has the intent to sell a security, (ii) it is more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, or (iii) the entity does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security. If an entity intends to sell a security or if it is more likely than not the entity will be required to sell the security before recovery, an other-than-temporary impairment write-down is recognized in earnings equal to the entire difference between the security’s amortized cost basis and its fair value. If an entity does not intend to sell the security or it is not more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery, the other-than-temporary impairment write-down is separated into an amount representing the credit loss, which is recognized in earnings, and the amount related to all other factors,

 

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which is recognized in other comprehensive income. Under previous accounting guidance in effect prior to April 1, 2009, we were required to have the intent and ability to hold an impaired security to recovery in order to conclude an impairment was temporary. In addition, we recognized the entire amount of difference between the amortized cost of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities and their respective fair values in earnings. We adopted the provisions of this ASC Topic 320-10-65 as of April 1, 2009. The result of the adoption was an increase to our April 1, 2009 balance of distributions in excess of earnings by approximately $4.0 million with a corresponding decrease to accumulated other comprehensive income.

In our determination of whether we will recover the entire amortized cost basis of our debt securities, we determine if it is probable that there has been an adverse change in the estimated timing and/or amount of cash flows from our securities based on all relevant, available information, including information about past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. In addition, ASC Topic 325-40 requires us to consider whether we can reliably estimate the timing and amount of cash flows that we expect to receive from our securities. As of September 30, 2009, we determined that we cannot reliably estimate the timing and amount of cash flows that we expect to receive related to certain of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities. As a result, we will utilize the cost recovery method of accounting with respect to these securities.

For those securities for which we cannot reliably estimate cash flows and for which the estimate of fair value is less than amortized cost, we recognized the entire amount of such difference as a charge to other than temporary impairment in our statements of operations. As a result, we recognized approximately $6.4 million in other-than-temporary impairment during the three months ended September 30, 2009. In addition, the application of the cost recovery method of accounting will require that we cease to recognize interest income related to these securities until the amortized cost of each respective security is depleted or until we can reliably estimate cash flows. After such point, cash payments will be recorded to interest income. This will result in diminished securities income in future periods in the near term. In aggregate, we recorded net other-than-temporary impairment charges related to our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 of approximately $6.4 million and $13.1 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recorded a net other-than-temporary impairment charge of approximately $13.5 million and $46.7 million, respectively, related to certain of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments.

Impairment — Debt Related Investments

We review our debt related investments on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when such an evaluation is warranted, to determine if impairment exists. A debt related investment is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due, both principal and interest, according to the contractual terms of the agreement. When a loan is deemed impaired, the impairment is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or, at the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. There were no impairment losses recognized for our debt related investments in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations during the three or nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC Topic 815”) establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts, and for hedging activities. We record all derivative instruments in the accompanying balance sheets at fair value. Accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on the intended use of the derivative instrument and the designation of the derivative instrument. Derivative instruments used to hedge exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitments attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered “fair value” hedges. Derivative instruments used to hedge exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, such as future interest payments, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered “cash flow” hedges. We do not have any fair value hedges.

For derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges, the changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument that represents changes in expected future cash flows which are effectively hedged by the derivative instrument are initially reported as other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity until the derivative instrument is settled. Upon settlement, the effective portion of the hedge is recognized as other comprehensive income (loss) and amortized over the term of the designated cash flow or transaction the derivative instrument was intended to hedge. The change in value of any derivative instrument that is deemed to be ineffective is charged directly to earnings when the determination of ineffectiveness is made. We assess the effectiveness of each hedging relationship by comparing the changes in fair value or cash flows of the derivative instrument with the changes in fair value or cash flows of the designated hedged item or transaction. For purposes of determining hedge ineffectiveness, management estimates the timing and potential amount of future fixed-rate debt issuances each quarter in order to estimate the cash flows of the designated hedged item or transaction. Management considers the likelihood of the timing and amount of entering into such forecasted transactions when determining the expected future fixed-rate debt issuances. We do not use derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Additionally, we have an interest rate collar that is not designated as a hedge pursuant to the requirements of ASC Topic 815. This derivative is not speculative and is used to manage exposure to interest rate volatility. We classify cash paid to settle our forward starting swaps as financing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows.

 

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Noncontrolling Interests

Effective January 1, 2009, we adopted the provisions of ASC Topic 810, Consolidation (“ASC Topic 810”), which requires noncontrolling interests in a subsidiary, if certain criteria are met, to be reported as equity and the amount of consolidated net income specifically attributable to the noncontrolling interest to be included within consolidated net income. ASC Topic 810 also requires consistency in the manner of reporting changes in the parent’s ownership interest and requires fair value measurement of any noncontrolling equity investment retained in a deconsolidation. ASC Topic 810 requires the parent to attribute to noncontrolling interests their share of losses even if such attribution results in a deficit noncontrolling interest balance within the parent’s equity accounts, and in some instances, requires a parent to recognize a gain or loss in net income when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. As a result of our adoption of ASC Topic 810, we have recorded approximately $73.9 million and $74.8 million, respectively, as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, as noncontrolling interests in the permanent equity section of the accompanying balance sheets, which was formerly referred to as “minority interests.”

Reclassifications

Certain items in the consolidated financial statements corresponding to prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

Concentration of Credit Risk and Other Risks and Uncertainties

All of our investments are subject to the various risks inherent in the current economic environment but certain of our investments, particularly our real estate securities investments, have been significantly impacted by the recent economic environment. Our investments in securities rely heavily on an active and orderly credit market and therefore the value of these securities is highly sensitive to changes in credit market conditions as well as the overall economic environment. In the summer of 2007, the domestic credit market began to deteriorate led by increasing defaults on sub-prime residential mortgages and continued across all forms of mortgage lending including commercial real estate and the general credit market as a whole. These changes have significantly and adversely affected the value and the liquidity of our real estate securities. If the existing state of the economy continues or worsens, it will likely continue to adversely impact the value and liquidity of our securities and could continue to adversely impact the ability for these securities to generate current income. Continued market volatility and uncertainty may also cause certain market indicators of impairment to persist, leading to further potential other-than-temporary impairment charges and/or permanent losses in our real estate security investments.

We do not know with any level of certainty the full extent to which the current economic environment will continue to affect us. If we were forced to liquidate our securities portfolio into the current market, we would experience significant and permanent losses on these investments. However, based upon our available cash balances and other sources of capital, we believe that we currently have sufficient liquidity to hold our real estate securities on a long-term basis and we are not dependent upon selling these investments in order to fund our operations or any of our other near term commitments.

While the current credit quality of the underlying loans that comprise our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments reflect modest levels of deterioration, we have observed a recent increase in actual delinquencies and continued forecasted rises in delinquencies causes us to remain cautious about the future prospects of these investments and we acknowledge that the effects to the underlying credit quality may be delayed relative to the current economic situation. Furthermore, while the credit quality may reflect only modest levels of deterioration, the change in value of the underlying loans may also negatively impact the performance of our investment in these securities. The impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements resulting from the current and expected future condition of these investments is described in further detail in Note 4.

The lack of liquidity in the market has also made the valuation process pertaining to our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments difficult and subjective. Historically, our estimate of the value of these investments was primarily based on active issuances and the secondary trading market of such securities as compiled and reported by independent pricing agencies. The current market environment is absent new issuances and there has been very limited, if any, secondary trading of CMBS and CRE-CDOs that are similar to our investments. Our estimate of the fair value of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities requires significant judgment by

 

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management and uses a combination of (i) observable market information, (ii) unobservable market assumptions and (iii) security-specific characteristics in determining the fair values of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments. See Note 9 for additional details regarding our determination of the fair value of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments. While we have used all available evidence to determine our best estimate of fair value, in accordance with ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC Topic 820”), the amount that we could obtain if we were forced to liquidate these securities in the current market may be significantly different than our estimate of fair value.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2009, the FASB issued a new accounting standard that will be effective on January 1, 2010. This accounting standard is a revision to a previous FASB interpretation and changes how a reporting entity evaluates whether an entity is a variable interest entity and which entity is considered the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity and is therefore required to consolidate such variable interest entity. This accounting standard will also require assessments at each reporting period of which party within the variable interest entity is considered the primary beneficiary and will require a number of new disclosures related to variable interest entities. We are currently evaluating the impact that this accounting standard will have on our financial position and results of operations upon adoption.

3. INVESTMENTS IN REAL PROPERTY

Our consolidated investments in real property consist of investments in office, industrial and retail properties. The following tables summarize our consolidated investments in real property as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 (amounts in thousands).

 

Real Property

   Land    Building and
Improvements
    Intangible
Lease Assets
    Gross
Investment
Amount
    Intangible
Lease
Liabilities
    Total
Investment
Amount
 

As of September 30, 2009:

             

Office

   $ 110,610    $ 294,831      $ 87,655      $ 493,096      $ (10,567   $ 482,529   

Industrial properties

     50,138      285,029        36,789        371,956        (8,950     363,006   

Retail properties

     220,314      418,750        75,863        714,927        (47,389     667,538   
                                               

Total gross book value

     381,062      998,610        200,307        1,579,979        (66,906     1,513,073   

Accumulated depreciation/amortization

     —        (60,636     (71,207     (131,843     10,859        (120,984
                                               

Total net book value

   $ 381,062    $ 937,974      $ 129,100      $ 1,448,136      $ (56,047   $ 1,392,089   
                                               

As of December 31, 2008:

             

Office

   $ 85,434    $ 271,880      $ 68,466      $ 425,780      $ (7,883   $ 417,897   

Industrial properties

     50,136      283,965        36,788        370,889        (8,952     361,937   

Retail properties

     200,534      385,530        66,376        652,440        (43,922     608,518   
                                               

Total gross book value

     336,104      941,375        171,630        1,449,109        (60,757     1,388,352   

Accumulated depreciation/amortization

     —        (38,787     (49,021     (87,808     6,788        (81,020
                                               

Total net book value

   $ 336,104    $ 902,588      $ 122,609      $ 1,361,301      $ (53,969   $ 1,307,332   
                                               

Acquisitions

During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we acquired two real properties located in the Washington, DC market with a combined gross investment amount of approximately $123.2 million.

Connecticut Avenue Office Center — On March 10, 2009, we acquired an office property (the “Connecticut Avenue Office Center”) from a third-party seller using proceeds from our public and private offerings and subsequent debt financing. The Connecticut Avenue Office Center has a total investment amount of approximately $63.6 million and consists of approximately 126,000 net rentable square feet that was approximately 98% occupied as of September 30, 2009. We incurred expenses of approximately $1.8 million related to the acquisition of the Connecticut Avenue Office Center which were expensed as incurred. These expenses were comprised of estimated legal, closing and due diligence costs of approximately $1.2 million and an acquisition fee paid to our Advisor of approximately $636,000.

 

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Greater DC Retail Center — On April 6, 2009, we acquired a retail property (the “Greater DC Retail Center”) from a third-party seller using proceeds from our public and private offerings and through the assumption of debt financing. We acquired the Greater DC Retail Center for a purchase price of $65.0 million. After making certain adjustments related to contingent consideration received as part of this acquisition pursuant to ASC Topic 805, the Greater DC Retail Center has a total investment amount of approximately $59.6 million. The Greater DC Retail Center consists of approximately 233,000 net rentable square feet that was 100% occupied as of September 30, 2009. We incurred expenses of approximately $1.9 million related to the acquisition of the Greater DC Retail Center which were expensed as incurred. These expenses were comprised of estimated legal, closing and due diligence costs of approximately $1.2 million and an acquisition fee paid to our Advisor of approximately $650,000.

As of September 30, 2009, we have estimated and recorded approximately $1.8 million of contingent consideration which is included in other assets in our accompanying balance sheet related to our 2009 real estate acquisition activity, which resulted in income of approximately $950,000 in our statements of operations related to the increase in the estimate fair value of this contingent consideration for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009. These contingencies generally provide us with limited compensation for potential capital expenditures, lost rent and certain other leasing-related expenses and incentives in the event that these expenditures are required. The total amount of contingent consideration that may be realized ranges from $0 to approximately $6.6 million. These contingencies will be resolved in 2010 and 2011.

4. INVESTMENT IN REAL ESTATE SECURITIES

As of September 30, 2009, our investment in real estate securities was comprised of investments in (i) preferred equity securities and (ii) CMBS and CRE-CDOs. As of September 30, 2009, the weighted average publicly-available credit rating, as provided by Standard and Poor’s, of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities were approximately BB+ and CCC+, respectively. Approximately 84% of our preferred equity securities, based on amount invested, do not have credit ratings. The following table describes our investments in real estate securities as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 (dollar amounts in thousands).

 

     Preferred
Equity
    CRE-CDOs     CMBS     Total  

As of September 30, 2009:

        

Amount invested, net of principal repayments

   $ 102,725      $ 139,818      $ 4,019      $ 246,562   

Other-than-temporary impairment

     (69,694     (132,227     (3,866     (205,787

Reclassification of retained earnings to other comprehensive income

     —          3,836        127        3,963   

Net accretion of discounts and premiums

     —          (296     44        (252
                                

Amortized cost

     33,031        11,131        324        44,486   

Gross unrealized gains

     21,389        617        —          22,006   

Gross unrealized losses

     (251     (2,367     —          (2,618
                                

Fair value

   $ 54,169      $ 9,381      $ 324      $ 63,874   
                                

As of December 31, 2008:

        

Amount invested, net of principal repayments

   $ 102,725      $ 139,821      $ 4,019      $ 246,565   

Other-than-temporary impairment

     (69,694     (119,481     (3,549     (192,724

Net accretion of discounts and premiums

     —          1,167        109        1,276   
                                

Amortized cost

     33,031        21,507        579        55,117   

Gross unrealized loss

     (1,439     (1,310     —          (2,749
                                

Fair value

   $ 31,592      $ 20,197      $ 579      $ 52,368   
                                

Unrealized Gains (Losses)

As of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the balance in other comprehensive income (loss) specific to our real estate securities reflected a gain of approximately $19.4 million and a loss of approximately $2.7 million, respectively.

 

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As of September 30, 2009, certain of our securities had a fair value below their respective amortized cost. The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value of our securities with unrealized losses, aggregated by type of security and length of time the individual securities have been in continuous unrealized loss positions (amounts in thousands).

 

     Less Than 12 Months    12 Months or Greater    Total

Type of Security

   Number of
Holdings
   Fair Value    Gross
Unrealized
Loss
   Number of
Holdings
   Fair Value    Gross
Unrealized
Loss
   Number of
Holdings
   Fair Value    Gross
Unrealized
Loss

As of September 30, 2009:

                          

Preferred Equity

   —      $ —      $ —      2    $ 3,373    $ 251    2    $ 3,373    $ 251

CMBS and CRE-CDOs

   1      968      2,367    —        —        —      1      968      2,367
                                                        

Total

   1    $ 968    $ 2,367    2    $ 3,373    $ 251    3    $ 4,341    $ 2,618
                                                        

As of December 31, 2008:

                          

Preferred Equity

   3    $ 3,658    $ 755    2    $ 1,139    $ 684    5    $ 4,797    $ 1,439

CMBS and CRE-CDOs

   2      1,935      1,310    —        —        —      2      1,935      1,310
                                                        

Total

   5    $ 5,593    $ 2,065    2    $ 1,139    $ 684    7    $ 6,732    $ 2,749
                                                        

Based upon our intent and ability to hold these real estate securities for a period of time sufficient to allow for a forecasted recovery of fair value, the continued performance of the issuer or the underlying collateral, and our assessment, based on all available evidence considered, that the underlying cash flows will continue to perform in the future, the gross unrealized loss of approximately $2.6 million is considered to be temporary as of September 30, 2009, and, as a result, no additional impairment losses related to the real estate securities in the above table have been recognized. See Note 2 for discussion of the impairment models applicable to our investments in real estate securities. As of September 30, 2009, we had a gross unrealized gain of approximately $22.0 million related to 22 of our preferred equity securities with a fair value of approximately $50.8 million and six of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities with a fair value of approximately $4.6 million.

The extreme volatility and disruption to global capital markets and the onset of a recession in the world’s major economies have exerted significant downward pressure on prices of equity securities and resulted in severely constrained credit and capital markets, particularly for financial institutions, and an overall loss of investor confidence. These developments have significantly impacted the fair value of our real estate securities. Continued volatility in the equity markets could continue to significantly impact the fair values of our preferred equity securities and result in further other-than-temporary impairment charges.

Further deterioration of economic and credit market conditions would likely result in significant negative changes in factors such as financial conditions of the issuers, expected defaults, analyst reports and forecasts, credit ratings, the value of the underlying collateral and other market data that are relevant to the collectability of the contractual cash flows from our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities. Such deterioration would continue to adversely impact the fair value of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities and potentially result in additional other-than-temporary impairment charges.

Other-than-Temporary Impairment

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, we recorded impairment charges totaling approximately $6.4 million and $14.6 million, respectively, of which approximately $1.5 million was determined to be noncredit related losses which resulted in a net other-than-temporary impairment of approximately $6.4 million and $13.1 million, respectively, of our real estate securities. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recorded charges totaling approximately $13.5 million and $79.4 million, respectively, related to other-than-temporary impairment of our real estate securities.

In addition, we determined that we cannot reliably predict the timing and amount of cash flows that we expect to receive related to our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities. Therefore, we account for such securities under the cost recovery method of accounting. The application of the cost recovery method of accounting requires that we cease to recognize interest income related to these securities until the amortized cost of each respective security is depleted or until we can reliably estimate cash flows. After such point, cash payments will be recorded to interest income, which will result in diminished securities income in future periods in the near term.

Credit Losses

Pursuant to the provisions of ASC Topic 320-10-65, since we do not intend to sell any of our debt securities and it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell any of our debt securities before recovery, other-than-temporary impairment write-downs related to our debt securities are separated into an amount representing the credit loss, which is recognized in earnings, and the amount related to all other factors, which is recognized in other comprehensive income.

 

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A credit loss represents the difference between the present value of expected future cash flows and the amortized cost basis of a debt security. As of September 30, 2009, we had recognized approximately $132.1 million in other-than-temporary impairment related to our investments in debt securities. On April 1, 2009, for certain securities, we reclassified approximately $4.0 million in non-credit related other-than-temporary impairment from distributions in excess of earnings to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). During the three months ended September 30, 2009, we recognized other-than-temporary impairment of approximately $6.4 million, all of which we determined was related to credit losses. The following table presents a rollforward of the credit loss component of the amortized cost of debt securities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 (amounts in thousands).

 

     For the Three Months Ended
September 30, 2009,
   For the Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2009,
 
      CRE-CDOs    CMBS    Total    CRE-CDOs     CMBS     Total  

Credit loss at beginning of period

   $ 122,323    $ 3,422    $ 125,745    $ 119,481      $ 3,549      $ 123,030   

Reclassification of credit losses to OCI

     —        —        —        (3,836     (127     (3,963

Subsequent other-than-temporary impairment

     6,068      317      6,385      12,746        317        13,063   
                                             

Credit loss as of September 30, 2009

   $ 128,391    $ 3,739    $ 132,130    $ 128,391      $ 3,739      $ 132,130   
                                             

Significant Inputs

For our investments in debt securities that we can reliably estimate cash flows, we do so based on all relevant, available information, including information about past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. In estimating cash flows of our debt securities, which requires significant judgment, we specifically consider and analyze factors such as remaining payment terms, prepayments, financial condition and value of the underlying collateral, expected defaults, analyst reports and forecasts, credit ratings and other market data that are relevant to the collectability of the contractual cash flows from the security. The estimated cash flows of the security are then discounted at the interest rate used to recognize interest income on the security to determine the present value of the estimated cash flows.

During the three months ended September 30, 2009, we determined that we cannot reliably estimate the timing and amount of cash flows related to certain of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities. As a result, we account for such securities under the cost recovery method of accounting with respect to these securities.

Contractual Maturities

Our preferred equity securities are perpetual in nature and; therefore, have no stated maturity, call or redemption dates. Our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities all have contractual maturities ranging from 2042 through 2052.

Securities Income

The following table describes our income from real estate securities investments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008. Issuers of three of our preferred equity securities indefinitely suspended their respective preferred dividends during the three months ended December 31, 2008, resulting in a decrease in securities income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 of approximately $197,000 and $1.3 million, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2008. (Dollar amounts in the below table are in thousands.)

 

                              Weighted
Average Yield as
of September 30,
2009 (1)
 
          For the Three Months Ended
September 30,
   For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  

Security Type

   Number of
Holdings
        
      2009    2008    2009    2008   

Preferred Equity

   24    $ 1,426    $ 1,612    $ 4,240    $ 5,552    5.5

CRE-CDO (2)

   15      61      2,453      2,217      6,993    3.1

CMBS (2)

   2      12      72      172      213    5.0
                                       

Total

   41    $ 1,499    $ 4,137    $ 6,629    $ 12,758    4.7
                                       

 

(1) Weighted average yield is calculated on an unlevered basis using the amount invested, current interest rates and accretion of premiums and discounts realized upon the initial investment for each security type. For purposes of this table, yields for LIBOR-based, floating-rate investments have been calculated using the one-month LIBOR rate as of September 30, 2009. We have assumed a yield of zero on our preferred equity securities investments for which the preferred dividend payment has been indefinitely suspended and for our CDO investments for which we no longer record income.
(2) We recorded incremental amortization associated with other-than-temporary impairment related to our CRE-CDO and CMBS securities of approximately $1.3 million and $2.0 million, respectively for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 as a reduction to interest income. We recorded approximately $387,000 as an increase to interest income as a result of additional accretable yield associated with previously impaired CRE-CDOs for the same period in 2008. This amortization is not included in the calculation of yield as described above in footnote (1).

 

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5. DEBT RELATED INVESTMENTS

As of September 30, 2009, we had approximately $171.2 million in debt related investments including an investment of approximately $17.4 million in an unconsolidated joint venture. The following table describes our debt related investments as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 (dollar amounts in thousands).

 

                         Weighted
Average
Expected
Maturity in
Years (2)
     Number of Investments as of    Net Investment (1) as of   

Investment Type

   September 30,
2009
   December 31,
2008
   September 30,
2009
   December 31,
2008
  

Mortgage notes

   1    —      $ 64,694    $ —      2.8

B-notes

   4    4      51,917      51,930    2.4

Mezzanine debt

   2    2      37,182      36,919    5.2
                            

Subtotal

   7    6      153,793      88,849    3.3
                            

Unconsolidated joint venture (3)

   1    1      17,380      17,532    0.7
                            

Total

   8    7    $  171,173    $  106,381    3.0
                            

 

(1) Amount presented is net of accumulated accretion and amortization of discounts and premiums.
(2) As of September 30, 2009 and weighted by relative investment amounts.
(3) One of our debt related investments is accounted for as an unconsolidated joint venture using the equity method. We include this equity method investment in our debt related investments operating segment as the terms of our investment are similar to our other debt related investments.

As of September 30, 2009, there were no delinquent debt service payments owed to us related to our debt related investments. The following table describes our debt related income, including equity in earnings of an unconsolidated joint venture, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 (dollar amounts in thousands).

 

                         Weighted Average
Yield as of
September 30,
2009 (1)
 
     For the Three Months
Ended September 30,
   For the Nine Months
Ended September 30,
  

Investment Type

   2009    2008    2009    2008   

Mortgage loan

   $  1,408    $ 910    $  1,408    $  2,346    11.2

B-notes

     731      950      2,292      2,962    5.8

Mezzanine debt

     959      593      2,770      2,132    10.0
                                  

Subtotal

     3,098      2,453      6,470      7,440    9.1
                                  

Unconsolidated joint venture

     557      31      1,653      31    13.0
                                  

Total

   $ 3,655    $  2,484    $ 8,123    $ 7,471    9.5
                                  

 

(1) Weighted average yield is calculated on an unlevered basis using the net investment amount, current interest rates and accretion of premiums or discounts realized upon the initial investment for each investment type as of September 30, 2009. Yields for LIBOR-based, floating-rate investments have been calculated using the one-month LIBOR rate as of September 30, 2009 for purposes of this table.

Origination of Westin-Galleria Loan

On July 23, 2009, we originated a $65.0 million senior mortgage loan secured by two hotel properties located in the Houston, Texas market (the “Westin Galleria Loan”). The borrower under the Westin Galleria Loan is Walton Houston Galleria Hotels, L.P., an affiliate of Chicago, Illinois-based Walton Street Capital, a private equity real estate sponsor. The Westin Galleria Loan has an initial term of three years, prepayable in the initial term, subject to certain prepayment fees, and is subject to two additional one-year extensions. We earned an origination fee of approximately $975,000 upon the origination of the Westin Galleria Loan. In connection with our origination of the Westin Galleria Loan, we paid our Advisor an acquisition fee of approximately $650,000. We originated the Westin Galleria Loan using net proceeds from our public and private offerings.

6. DEBT OBLIGATIONS

We use and intend to continue to use debt as a means of financing a portion of our investments. As of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we had outstanding debt obligations of approximately $820.6 million and $734.9 million, respectively. These borrowings were comprised of mortgage notes as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 of approximately $807.3 million and $719.1 million, respectively, and other secured borrowings of approximately $13.3 million and $15.9 million, respectively.

 

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Mortgage Notes

The following table describes our mortgage notes related to our operating properties in more detail as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 (dollar amounts in thousands).

 

     Weighted Average Stated Interest
Rate as of
    Outstanding Balance as of (1)    Gross Investment Amount of
Properties Securing Mortgage
Notes as of
     September 30,
2009
    December 31,
2008
    September 30,
2009
   December 31,
2008
   September 30,
2009
   December 31,
2008

Fixed rate mortgages

   6.0   6.0   $ 744,618    $ 661,031    $ 1,291,544    $ 1,131,051

Floating rate mortgages (2)

   2.0   2.2     62,647      58,036      86,266      85,665
                                       

Total / weighted average

   5.7   5.7   $ 807,265    $ 719,067    $ 1,377,810    $ 1,216,716
                                       

 

(1) Amounts presented are net of unamortized discounts to the face value of our outstanding fixed-rate mortgages of $4.4 million and $221,000, as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.
(2) As of both September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, floating-rate mortgage notes were subject to interest rates at spreads between 1.40% and 3.50% over one-month LIBOR.

As of September 30, 2009, of the 36 mortgage notes outstanding, 17 were interest only and 19 were fully amortizing with outstanding balances of approximately $505.1 million and $302.2 million, respectively. Mortgage notes outstanding as of September 30, 2009 had maturity dates ranging from January 2010 through September 2036. None of our mortgage notes are recourse to us. Five of our mortgage notes with an aggregate outstanding principal balance as of September 30, 2009 of approximately $69.6 million, have initial maturities before December 31, 2011. One of these notes, with an outstanding principal balance as of September 30, 2009 of $46.5 million has an extension option beyond December 31, 2011. This extension option is subject to certain lender covenants and restrictions that we must meet to extend this maturity date. We currently have not determined whether we will apply for this extension and we cannot assert with any degree of certainty that we will qualify for this extension upon the initial maturity date of this mortgage note.

Borrowing Activity

During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we incurred or assumed approximately $90.8 million in mortgage debt financing that was comprised of three mortgage notes secured by seven real properties. These notes are all amortizing, bearing interest at a weighted average stated rate of approximately 6.14%, and mature between July 2014 and April 2016.

7. HEDGING ACTIVITIES

Risk Management Objective of Using Derivatives

We maintain risk management control systems to monitor interest rate cash flow risk attributable to both our outstanding and forecasted debt obligations as well as our potential offsetting hedge positions. We generally seek to limit the impact of interest rate changes on earnings and cash flows by selectively utilizing derivative instruments to hedge exposures to changes in interest rates on loans secured by our assets. While this hedging strategy is designed to minimize the impact on our net income (loss) and cash provided by operating activities from changes in interest rates, the overall returns on our investments may be reduced. Our board of directors has established policies and procedures regarding our use of derivative instruments for hedging or other purposes to achieve these risk management objectives.

Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

Our objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense and to manage our exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish this objective, we primarily use interest rate swaps, caps and collars as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for us making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount. Interest rate caps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts from a counterparty if interest rates rise above the strike rate on the contract in exchange for an up front premium. Interest rate collars designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts if interest rates rise above the cap strike rate on the contract and payments of variable-rate amounts if interest rates fall below the floor strike rate on the contract.

 

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The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss and is subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, we used such derivatives to hedge the variable cash flows associated with existing variable-rate debt or forecasted issuances of debt. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of the derivatives is recognized directly in earnings. For the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we recorded a loss of approximately $413,000 due to hedge ineffectiveness in earnings attributable to the delay in issuance of debt for derivatives used to hedge forecasted issuances of debt.

The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and is subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, we used such derivatives to hedge variable cash flows associated with existing variable-rate debt or forecasted issuances of debt. During the next twelve months, we estimate that an additional amount of approximately $2.8 million will be reclassified as an increase to interest expense.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, approximately $561,000 and $9.1 million, respectively, of losses were reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) to earnings due to our determination that it was no longer probable that previously forecasted issuances of fixed-rate debt associated with certain of our forward starting swaps would be issued within the timeframe specified in the corresponding hedge designation memorandum. This was partially offset by a net gain of approximately $575,000 and $1.6 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 due to a change in forecasted dates of debt issuances.

Our hedging exposure to the variability in future cash flows for forecasted debt issuances expired in July 2009 when we terminated our last LIBOR-based forward starting swap.

Designated Hedges

As of September 30, 2009, we had one outstanding interest rate derivative that was designated as a cash flow hedge of interest rate risk with a notional amount of $46.5 million. This hedge will terminate in June 2010.

Non-designated Hedges

Derivatives not designated as hedges are not speculative and are used by us to hedge our exposure to interest rate movements and other identified risks but do not meet the hedge accounting requirements of ASC Topic 815. Changes in the fair value of derivatives not designated in hedging relationships are recorded directly in earnings and resulted in a loss of approximately $11,000 and $60,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively. As of September 30, 2009, we had one outstanding interest rate collar derivative that was not designated as a hedge in a qualifying hedging relationship with a notional amount of $9.7 million. As of September 30, 2009, this interest rate collar was recorded as a liability on our consolidated balance sheet with a fair value of approximately $138,000.

Fair Values of Derivative Instruments

The table below presents the fair value of our derivative financial instruments as well as their classification on our accompanying balance sheet as of September 30, 2009 (amounts in thousands).

 

     As of September 30, 2009
     Asset Derivatives    Liability Derivatives
     Balance Sheet
Location
   Fair Value    Balance Sheet
Location
   Fair Value

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments

           

Interest rate contracts

   Other assets    $ 1    Derivative instruments    $ —  
                   

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments

        1         —  

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

           

Interest rate contracts

   Other assets      —      Derivative instruments      138
                   

Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

        —           138

Total derivatives

      $ 1       $ 138
                   

 

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Effect of Derivative Instruments on the Statement of Operations

The table below presents the effect of our derivative financial instruments on our accompanying statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 (amounts in thousands).

 

     For the Three Months Ended
September 30, 2009
    For the Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2009
 

Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments

    

Derivative type

     Interest rate contracts        Interest rate contracts   

Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in OCI (effective portion)

   $ 5      $ (4,960

Location of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (effective portion)

     Interest expense        Interest expense   

Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (effective portion)

   $ (638)      $ (1,617

Location of gain or (loss) recognized in income (ineffective portion and amount excluded from effectiveness testing)

     Gain (loss) on derivatives        Gain (loss) on derivatives   

Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in income due to missed forecast (ineffective portion and amount excluded from effectiveness testing)

   $ (561)      $ (9,552

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

    

Derivative type

     Interest rate contracts        Interest rate contracts   

Location of gain or (loss) recognized in income

     Gain (loss) on derivatives        Gain (loss) on derivatives   

Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income

   $ 577      $ 1,555   

Credit-risk-related Contingent Features

Credit risk is the failure of a counterparty to perform under the terms of an agreement. We could potentially have exposure to credit risk with a counterparty to our remaining hedging contracts. If the fair value of a derivative contract were positive, the counterparty would owe us, which would create a potential credit risk for us in connection with collection of the amount owed. We seek to minimize the credit risk within our investments and with our derivative instruments by entering into transactions with what we deem to be high-quality counterparties. However, we cannot mitigate all of our credit risk exposure and therefore our operating results may be adversely impacted by the failure of a counterparty to perform under the terms of an agreement.

We have agreements with each of our derivative counterparties that contain a provision where if we default on any of our indebtedness, including default where repayment of the indebtedness has not been accelerated by the lender, then we could also be declared in default on our derivative obligations.

As of September 30, 2009, the fair value of derivatives in a net liability position, including accrued interest but excluding any adjustment for nonperformance risk, was approximately $175,000. As of September 30, 2009, we had not posted any collateral related to these agreements. If we had breached any of these provisions as of September 30, 2009, we could have been required to settle our obligations under the agreements at their termination value of approximately $175,000.

8. THE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP’S PRIVATE PLACEMENTS

Our Operating Partnership, through the TRS, has offered undivided tenancy-in-common interests in real property and beneficial interests in Delaware Statutory Trusts that own real property (hereinafter referred to collectively as “fractional interests”) to accredited investors in private placements. We anticipate that these fractional interests may have served as replacement properties for investors seeking to complete like-kind exchange transactions under Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). The properties owned through such fractional interests sold to accredited investors are 100% leased by our Operating Partnership. Additionally, our Operating Partnership has a purchase option giving it the right, but not the obligation, to acquire the fractional interests from the investors at a later point in time in exchange for partnership units in the Operating Partnership representing OP Units. After a period of one year, holders of OP Units have the right to redeem their OP Units. We have the option, in our sole discretion, of redeeming the OP Units with cash, shares of our common stock or with a combination of cash and shares of our common stock.

 

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The proceeds from the sale of these fractional interests are accounted for as financing obligations in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets pursuant to ASC Topic 840, Accounting for Leases. As previously discussed, our Operating Partnership has 100% leased the properties sold to investors, and in accordance with ASC Topic 840, rental payments made pursuant to such leases to investors are accounted for generally as interest expense using the interest method whereby a portion is accounted for as interest expense and a portion is accounted for as an accretion or amortization of the outstanding principal balance of the financing obligations.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we raised approximately $12.2 million from the sale of fractional interests in one property. Furthermore, during the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we exercised our option to acquire, at fair value, approximately $7.9 million of previously sold fractional interests in one property for a combination of (i) approximately 747,000 OP Units issued at a price of $10.00 per OP Unit, representing approximately $7.5 million of the aggregate purchase and (ii) approximately $412,000 in cash. The result of this activity was a net increase in our financing obligations of approximately $4.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, we incurred rent obligations of approximately $1.7 million and $4.8 million, respectively, under our lease agreements with the investors who have participated in our private placements. During the same period in 2008, we incurred rent obligations of approximately $1.4 million and $4.5 million, respectively, under our lease agreements with the investors who have participated in our private placements. The various lease agreements in place as of September 30, 2009 contained expiration dates ranging from June 2019 to January 2023.

We paid certain up-front fees and reimburse certain related expenses to our Advisor, the Dealer Manager and Dividend Capital Exchange Facilitators LLC (the “Facilitator”) for raising capital through these private placements. Our Advisor is obligated to pay all of the offering and marketing related costs associated with these private placements. However, we are obligated to pay our Advisor a non-accountable expense allowance equal to 1.5% of the gross equity proceeds raised through these private placements. In addition, we are obligated to pay the Dealer Manager a dealer manager fee of up to 1.5% of gross equity proceeds raised and a commission of up to 5.0% of gross equity proceeds raised through these private placements. The Dealer Manager may re-allow such commissions and a portion of such dealer manager fee to participating broker dealers participating in the respective private placements. In addition, we are obligated to pay a transaction facilitation fee to the Facilitator, an affiliate of our Advisor, of up to 2.0% of gross equity proceeds raised through these private placements.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, we incurred upfront costs of approximately $671,000 and $1.2 million, respectively, payable to our Advisor and other affiliates for services provided related to effecting these transactions, which are accounted for as deferred loan costs. During the same period in 2008, we incurred upfront costs of approximately $1.8 million and $5.0 million, respectively, payable to our Advisor and other affiliates for services provided related to effecting these transactions, which are accounted for as deferred loan costs. Such deferred loan costs are included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and amortized to interest expense over the life of the financing obligation. If we elect to exercise our purchase option as described above and issue OP Units, the unamortized up-front fees and expense reimbursements paid to affiliates will be recorded against noncontrolling interests as a reduction of the amount received for issuing the OP Units. We did not issue OP Units during the three months ended September 30, 2009. During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we recorded approximately $664,000 of unamortized deferred loan cost against noncontrolling interest as a reduction in the amount received for issuing OP Units. During the same periods in 2008, we recorded approximately $909,000 and $6.0 million, respectively, of unamortized deferred loan cost against noncontrolling interest as a reduction in the amount received for issuing OP Units. If our Operating Partnership does not elect to exercise any such purchase option, we will continue to account for these transactions as a financing obligation because we will continue to sublease 100% of the properties and will therefore not meet the definition of “active use” set forth in ASC Topic 840 in order to recognize the sale of such fractional interests.

9. FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES

ASC Topic 820 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. ASC Topic 820 applies to reported balances that are required or permitted to be measured at fair value under existing accounting pronouncements; accordingly, the standard does not require any new fair value measurements of reported balances.

ASC Topic 820 emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement. Therefore, a fair value measurement should be determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. As a basis for considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between market participant assumptions based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity (observable inputs that are classified within Levels 1 and 2 of the hierarchy) and the reporting entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions (unobservable inputs classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy).

 

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Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that we have the ability to access. Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, as well as inputs that are observable for the asset or liability (other than quoted prices), such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liabilities, which are typically based on an entity’s own assumptions, as there is little, if any, related market activity. In instances where the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

The table below presents certain of our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall as defined above (amounts in thousands).

 

     Level 1    Level 2     Level 3    Total  

As of September 30, 2009:

          

Assets

          

Preferred equity

   $ 54,169    $ —        $ —      $ 54,169   

CMBS and CRE-CDOs

     —        —          9,705      9,705   
                              

Investment in real estate securities

     54,169      —          9,705      63,874   

Liabilities

          

Derivative instruments

     —        (138     —        (138
                              

Total

   $ 54,169    $ (138   $ 9,705    $ 63,736   
                              

As of December 31, 2008:

          

Assets

          

Preferred equity

   $ 31,592    $ —        $ —      $ 31,592   

CMBS and CRE-CDOs

     —        —          20,776      20,776   
                              

Investment in real estate securities

     31,592      —          20,776      52,368   

Liabilities

          

Derivative instruments

     —        (27,213     —        (27,213
                              

Total

   $ 31,592    $ (27,213 )    $ 20,776    $ 25,155   
                              

The table below presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of certain of our assets and liabilities having fair value measurements based on significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) between December 31, 2008 and September 30, 2009 (amounts in thousands).

 

     CMBS and
CRE-CDOs
 

Beginning balance as of December 31, 2008

   $ 20,776   

Included in net income (loss) (1)

     (10,628

Included in other comprehensive income (loss)

     (440

Purchases, issuances and settlements

     (3
        

Total change in fair value

   $ (11,071

Transfers in and/or out of Level 3

     —     
        

Ending balance as of September 30, 2009

   $ 9,705   
        

 

(1) Amount presented is net of the cumulative effect adjustment of approximately $4.0 million that resulted from our adoption of ASC Topic 320-10-65 and also includes net amortization of approximately $445,000.

Fair Value Estimates of Investments in Real Estate Securities

As of September 30, 2009, our real estate securities were valued in two categories, comprised of (i) preferred equity securities and (ii) CMBS and CRE-CDOs. Our pricing procedures for each of the two categories are applied to each specific investment within their respective categories.

Preferred Equity Securities — The valuation of our investments in preferred equity securities is determined using exchange listed prices in an active market. As such, preferred equity securities fall within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

 

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CMBS and CRE-CDOs — We estimate the fair value of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities using a combination of observable market information and unobservable market assumptions. Observable market information considered in these fair market valuations include benchmark interest rates, interest rate curves, credit market indexes and swap curves. Unobservable market assumptions considered in the determination of the fair market valuations of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments include market assumptions related to discount rates, default rates, prepayment rates, reviews of trustee or investor reports and non-binding broker quotes and pricing services in what is currently an inactive market. Additionally, we consider security-specific characteristics in determining the fair values of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments, which include consideration of credit enhancements, the underlying collateral’s average default rates, the average delinquency rate and loan-to-value and several other characteristics. As a result, both Level 2 and Level 3 inputs are used in arriving at the valuation of our investments in CMBS and CRE-CDOs. We consider the Level 3 inputs considered in determining the fair value of its investments in CMBS and CRE-CDO securities to be significant. As such, all investments in CMBS and CRE-CDO securities fall under the Level 3 category of the fair value hierarchy.

Fair Value Estimates of Derivative Instruments

Currently, we use forward starting swaps, zero cost collars and interest rate caps to manage interest rate risk. The values of these instruments are determined using widely accepted valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow analysis of the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves and implied volatilities. The valuation methodologies are segregated into two categories of derivatives: (i) forward starting swaps and (ii) zero cost collars/interest rate caps.

Forward Starting Swaps — Forward starting swaps are considered and measured at fair value as interest rate swaps. The fair values of interest rate swaps are determined using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted future fixed cash payments and the discounted expected variable cash receipts. The variable cash receipts are based on an expectation of future interest rates (i.e. forward curves) derived from observable market interest rate curves.

Zero Cost Collars/Interest Rate Caps (Interest Rate Options) — Zero cost collars and interest rate caps are considered and measured at fair value as interest rate options. The fair values of interest rate options are determined using the market standard methodology of discounting the future expected cash receipts that would occur if variable interest rates fell below or rose above the strike rate of the caps or outside of the applicable collar rates. The variable interest rates used in the calculation of projected receipts on the cap or collar rates are based on an expectation of future interest rates derived from observable market interest rate curves and volatilities.

We incorporate credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both our own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of our derivative contracts for the effect of nonperformance risk, we have considered the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings, thresholds, mutual puts and guarantees.

The majority of the inputs used to value our derivative instruments fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. However, the credit valuation adjustments associated with our derivative instruments utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads, to evaluate the likelihood of potential default by us and our counterparties. As of September 30, 2009, we had assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments and had determined that it was not significant to the overall valuation of our derivative instruments. As a result, we have determined that all of our derivative valuations are appropriately classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

10. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

We are required to disclose the fair value of our financial instruments for which it is practical to estimate that value under ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments (“ASC Topic 825”). ASC Topic 825 defines the fair value of a financial instrument as the amount at which such financial instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced sale or liquidation. For certain of our financial instruments, fair values are not readily available since there are no active trading markets as characterized by current exchanges between willing parties. Accordingly, we derive or estimate fair value using various valuation techniques, such as computing the present value of estimated future cash flows using discount rates commensurate with the risks involved. However, the determination of estimated cash flows may be subjective and imprecise and changes in assumptions or estimation methodologies can have a material effect on these estimated fair values. In that regard, the fair value estimates may not be substantiated by comparison to independent markets, and in many cases, may not be realized in immediate settlement of the instrument. See Note 9 for further discussion of our determination of fair values in inactive markets and the corresponding application of the ASC Topic 820 hierarchy.

        The fair values estimated below are indicative of the interest rate and other assumptions as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, and may not take into consideration the effects of subsequent interest rate or other assumption fluctuations, or changes in the values of underlying collateral. The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their carrying values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. In addition, we determined that the fair value of our other secured borrowings approximates its carrying value as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008.

 

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The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of our other financial instruments as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 were as follows (amounts in thousands).

 

     As of September 30, 2009    As of December 31,2008
     Carrying
Amount
   Estimated
Fair Value
   Carrying
Amount
   Estimated
Fair Value

Assets:

           

Investments in real estate securities

   $ 63,874    $ 63,874    $ 52,368    $ 52,368

Fixed-rate debt related investments, net

     119,859      114,899      54,898      52,086

Floating-rate debt related investments, net

     33,934      32,718      33,951      33,231

Liabilities:

           

Fixed-rate mortgage notes

   $ 744,618    $ 656,680    $ 661,031    $ 617,509

Floating-rate mortgage notes

     62,647      60,703      58,036      56,381

Derivative liabilities

     138      138      27,213      27,213

See Note 9 for details regarding methodologies and key assumptions applied to determining the fair value of our investments in real estate securities and derivative liabilities. The methodologies used and key assumptions made to estimate fair values of the other financial instruments described in the above table are as follows:

Debt Related Investments — The fair value of our debt investments as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 was estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis that utilized estimates of scheduled cash flows and discount rates estimated to approximate those that a willing buyer and seller might use.

Mortgage Notes — The fair value of our fixed-rate and floating-rate mortgage notes as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 was estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis, based on our estimate of market interest rates. Credit spreads relating to the underlying instruments are based on unobservable Level 3 inputs which we have determined to be our best estimate of current market spreads of similar instruments.

 

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11. NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS

Our noncontrolling interests consist of three components: (i) joint venture partnership interests held by our partners, (ii) OP Units held by third parties and (iii) Special Units held by the parent of our Advisor. The following table summarizes noncontrolling interest balances as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 in terms of cumulative contributions, distributions and cumulative allocations of net income (loss) (amounts in thousands).

 

     As of
September 30,
2009
    As of
December 31,
2008
 

OP Units:

    

Contributions

   $ 63,973      $ 59,394   

Distributions

     (5,867     (2,660

Share of net loss

     (7,315     (6,276

Share of comprehensive income

     3,088        1,611   
                

Subtotal

     53,879        52,069   

Joint Venture Partner Interests:

    

Contributions

     35,323        35,274   

Distributions

     (12,926     (10,543

Share of net loss

     (2,341     (2,004
                

Subtotal

     20,056        22,727   

Special Units:

    

Contributions

     1        1   

Distributions

     —          —     

Share of net loss

     —          —     
                

Subtotal

     1        1   
                

Total

   $ 73,936      $ 74,797   
                

OP Units

Securities that are redeemable for cash or other assets at the option of the holder, not solely within the control of the issuer, are classified as redeemable noncontrolling interests outside of permanent equity in our accompanying balance sheets. We have evaluated our ability to deliver shares of common stock to satisfy redemption requests from holders of our OP Units pursuant and we have concluded that we have the right to satisfy the redemption requirements of holders of our OP Units by delivering unregistered shares of our common stock. Each outstanding OP Unit is exchangeable for one share of our common stock, and the OP Unit holder cannot require redemption in cash or other assets. As a result we classify our OP Units held by third parties as noncontrolling interests.

As of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we owned approximately 96.3% and 96.1%, respectively, of our Operating Partnership, and the remaining interests in our Operating Partnership were owned by third-party investors and our Advisor. After a period of one year, holders of OP Units may request the Operating Partnership to redeem their OP Units. We have the option of redeeming the OP Units with cash, shares of our common stock or with a combination of cash and shares of our common stock. In May 2005, our Operating Partnership issued 20,000 OP Units to our Advisor for gross proceeds of $200,000, which represented less than a 0.1% ownership interest in our Operating Partnership as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008. In addition, as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we had issued approximately 7.0 million, net of redemptions, and 6.5 million OP Units, respectively, to third-party investors in connection with our Operating Partnership’s private placements and such units had a maximum approximate redemption value as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, of approximately $72.3 million and $64.8 million, respectively, based on the price of our common stock. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, we redeemed approximately 129,000 and 239,000 OP Units, respectively, by paying cash of approximately $1.2 million and $2.2 million, respectively. The following table summarizes contributions, distributions, share of net loss and share of comprehensive loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 (amounts in thousands).

 

     For the Three Months Ended,
September 30, 2009
    For the Nine Months Ended,
September 30, 2009
 

OP Units:

    

Net contributions (redemptions)

   $ (1,195   $ 4,579   

Distributions

     (1,060     (3,207

Share of net loss

     (255     (1,039

Share of comprehensive income

     804        1,477   
                

Total

   $ (1,706   $ 1,810   
                

 

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Joint Venture Partner Interests

Certain of our joint ventures are consolidated by us in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Our joint venture partners’ interests in our consolidated partnerships are not redeemable. As a result, we classify our joint venture partners’ interests as noncontrolling interests. We present contributions, distributions and equity in earnings of the respective joint venture partners as noncontrolling interests. The following table summarizes the joint venture partner contributions, distributions and share of net loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 (amounts in thousands).

 

     For the Three Months Ended,
September 30, 2009
    For the Nine Months Ended,
September 30, 2009
 

Joint Venture Partner Interests:

    

Contributions

   $ 20      $ 49   

Distributions

     (366     (2,383

Share of net loss

     (72     (337
                

Total

   $ (418   $ (2,671
                

Special Units

On May 4, 2005, the Operating Partnership issued 100 Special Units to the parent of the Advisor for consideration of $1,000. The holder of the Special Units does not participate in the profits and losses of the Operating Partnership. Amounts distributable to the holder of the Special Units will depend on operations and the amount of net sales proceeds received from real property and real estate securities dispositions or upon other events. In general, after holders of OP Units, in aggregate, have received cumulative distributions equal to their capital contributions plus a 6.5% cumulative, non-compounded annual pre-tax return on their net contributions, the holder of the Special Units and the holders of OP Units will receive 15% and 85%, respectively, of the net sales proceeds received by the Operating Partnership upon the disposition of the Operating Partnership’s assets. In addition, the Special Units will be redeemed by the Operating Partnership, resulting in a one-time payment, in the form of a promissory note, to the holder of the Special Units, upon the earliest to occur of the following events:

 

  (1) The listing of our common stock on a national securities exchange or the receipt by our stockholders of securities that are listed on a national securities exchange in exchange for our common stock; or

 

  (2) The termination or non-renewal of the Advisory Agreement, (i) by the Advisor for “cause,” as defined in the Advisory Agreement, (ii) in connection with a merger, sale of assets or transaction involving us pursuant to which a majority of our directors then in office are replaced or removed, (iii) by the Advisor for “good reason,” as defined in the Advisory Agreement, or (iv) by us or the Operating Partnership other than for “cause.”

We have evaluated Special Units held by the Advisor and determined that Special Units are not redeemable at a fixed or determinable amount on a fixed or determinable date, at the option of the holder, or upon events that are not solely within our control. As a result, we classify our Special Units as noncontrolling interests.

There was no activity related to Special Unit holders during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009.

12. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Stock

On May 27, 2005, we filed a registration statement on Form S-11 with the Commission in connection with an initial public offering of our common stock, which was declared effective on January 27, 2006. Pursuant to the registration statement, we offered up to $2.0 billion in shares of our common stock, 75% of which were offered to the public at a price of $10.00 per share, and 25% of which were offered pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan at a price of $9.50 per share. On June 11, 2007, we filed a registration statement on Form S-11 with the Commission for a follow-on public offering of our common stock, which was initially declared effective on January 22, 2008. Pursuant to the registration statement, we offered up to $2.0 billion in shares of our common stock, 75% of which were offered to the public at a price of $10.00 per share, and 25% of which were offered pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan at a price of $9.50 per share. On August 3, 2009, we announced the termination of the primary portion of our public offering effective as of the close of business on September 30, 2009. We ceased to accept any subscriptions effective after September 30, 2009. We will, however, continue to offer shares of common stock through our distribution reinvestment plan. The following table summarizes shares sold, gross proceeds received and the commissions and fees paid by offering as of September 30, 2009 (amounts in thousands).

 

     Shares     Gross Proceeds     Commissions
and Fees
    Net
Proceeds
 

Shares sold in the initial offering

   114,741      $ 1,136,968      $ (104,295   $ 1,032,673   

Shares sold in the follow-on offering

   66,787        656,563        (54,851     601,712   

Shares sold pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan in the initial offering

   3,455        32,825        (309     32,516   

Shares sold pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan in the follow-on offering

   7,854        74,617        —          74,617   

Shares repurchased pursuant to our share redemption program

   (10,156     (94,449     —          (94,449
                              

Total

   182,681      $ 1,806,524      $ (159,455   $ 1,647,069   
                              

 

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For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, approximately 10.7 million and 27.6 million shares of our common stock were issued in connection with our public offerings, respectively, for net proceeds of approximately $97.3 million and $250.4 million, respectively. For the same periods in 2008, approximately 12.3 million and 37.7 million shares of our common stock were issued in connection with our public offerings, respectively, for net proceeds of approximately $120.1 million and $371.0 million, respectively. The net proceeds from the sale of these shares were transferred to our Operating Partnership in exchange for OP Units on a one-for-one basis.

Redemptions

After having held shares of our common stock for a minimum of one year, our share redemption program may provide investors with a limited opportunity to redeem shares of our common stock, subject to certain restrictions and limitations, at a price equal to or at a discount from the purchase price paid for the shares being redeemed. The discount will vary based upon the length of time that the investors have held the shares of our common stock subject to redemption, as described in the following table.

 

Share Purchase Anniversary

   Redemption Price
as a Percentage
of Purchase Price
 

Less than 1 year

   No Redemption Allowed   

1 year

   92.5

2 years

   95.0

3 years

   97.5

4 years and longer

   100.0

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, we redeemed approximately 1.7 million and 3.9 million shares of our common stock, respectively, pursuant to our share redemption program for approximately $16.0 million and $37.0 million, respectively. During the same periods in 2008, we redeemed approximately 971,000 and 2.2 million shares of our common stock, respectively, pursuant to our share redemption program for approximately $9.0 million and $20.0 million, respectively. We have historically limited the number of shares to be redeemed during any consecutive twelve month period to no more than five percent of the number of shares of common stock outstanding at the beginning of such twelve month period (the “Redemption Cap”). During the third quarter of 2009, we had received requests to redeem approximately 5.6 million shares of common stock, which exceeded our third quarter 2009 Redemption Cap of approximately 1.4 million shares of common stock by approximately 4.2 million shares. Based on application of the Redemption Cap, we redeemed, on a pro rata basis, approximately 25.2% of the shares each shareholder requested to be redeemed for the third quarter of 2009. The above pro rata-based redemption figures exclude consideration of incremental shares redeemed based on the event of death or disability (as such term is defined by the Code) of a stockholder. Pursuant to the terms of our share redemption program, our board of directors, in its sole discretion, may at any time and from time to time waive the applicable Redemption Cap in the event of a death or disability of a stockholder.

Distributions

We accrue and pay distributions on a quarterly basis. Our board of directors declares and authorizes the following quarter’s distribution during the preceding quarter. We calculate individual payments of distributions to each stockholder or OP Unit holder based upon daily record dates during each quarter, so that investors are eligible to earn distributions immediately upon purchasing shares of our common stock or upon purchasing OP Units.

 

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During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, we declared distributions to our common stockholders of approximately $26.7 million and $76.7 million, respectively. Of these amounts, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, approximately $13.0 million and $36.4 million, respectively, was paid in cash and approximately $13.7 million and $40.3 million, respectively, was reinvested in shares of our common stock pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, we declared distributions to our common stockholders of approximately $22.1 million and $60.3 million, respectively. Of these amounts, approximately $9.5 million and $25.3 million, respectively, was paid in cash and approximately $12.6 million and $35.0 million, respectively, was reinvested in shares of our common stock pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan.

The following table sets forth the distributions that have been paid and/or authorized as of September 30, 2009.

 

     Amount Declared
Per
Share/Unit (1)
   Annualized Amount
Per
Share/Unit (1)
   Payment Date  
2008         

1st Quarter 2008

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    April 15, 2008   

2nd Quarter 2008

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    July 15, 2008   

3rd Quarter 2008

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    October 15, 2008   

4th Quarter 2008

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    January 15, 2009   

2009

        

1st Quarter 2009

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    April 15, 2009   

2nd Quarter 2009

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    July 15, 2009   

3rd Quarter 2009

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    October 15, 2009   

4th Quarter 2009

   $ 0.1500    $ 0.60    January 15, 2010  (2) 

 

(1) Assumes ownership of share or unit for the entire quarter.
(2) Expected payment date.

13. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Our Advisor

Our day-to-day activities are managed by our Advisor, an affiliate, under the terms and conditions of the Advisory Agreement. Our Advisor is considered to be a related party as certain indirect owners and employees of our Advisor serve as our executives. The responsibilities of our Advisor include the selection and underwriting of our real property, real estate securities and debt related investments, the negotiations for these investments, the asset management and financing of these investments and the selection of prospective joint venture partners. As of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we owed accounts payable and accrued expenses payable of approximately $1.8 million and $721,000, respectively, to our Advisor and affiliates of our Advisor.

Acquisition Fees

Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, we pay certain acquisition fees to the Advisor. For each real property acquired in the operating stage, the acquisition fee is an amount equal to 1.0% of our proportional interest in the purchase price of the property. For each real property acquired prior to or during the development or construction stage, the acquisition fee will be an amount not to exceed 4.0% of the total project cost (which will be the amount actually paid or allocated to the purchase, development, construction or improvement of a property exclusive of acquisition fees and acquisition expenses). The Advisor also is entitled to receive an acquisition fee of 1.0% of the principal amount in connection with (i) the origination or acquisition of any type of debt investment including, but not limited to, the origination of mortgage loans, B-notes, mezzanine debt, participating debt (including with equity-like features), non-traded preferred securities, convertible debt, hybrid instruments, equity instruments and other related investments, and (ii) the acquisition of any type of non-securitized debt investment including, but not limited to, acquisitions or participations in mortgage loans, B-notes, mezzanine debt, participating debt (including with equity-like features), non-traded preferred securities, convertible debt, hybrid instruments, equity instruments and other related investments. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, our Advisor earned approximately $650,000 and $1.9 million in acquisition fees, respectively. Beginning on January 1, 2009, these fees were recorded as an expense in the period in which they are incurred. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, our Advisor earned approximately $602,000 and $1.0 million in acquisition fees, respectively, which were accounted for as part of the historical cost of the acquired assets.

 

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Asset Management Fees

We also pay our Advisor an asset management fee pursuant to the Advisory Agreement in connection with the asset and portfolio management of real property, real estate securities and debt related investments. The Advisor’s asset management fee is payable as follows:

Prior to the Dividend Coverage Ratio Date (as defined below):

For Direct Real Properties (as defined below), the asset management fee consists of (i) a monthly fee of one-twelfth of 0.50% of the aggregate cost (before non-cash reserves and depreciation) of Direct Real Properties; and (ii) a monthly fee of 6% of the aggregate monthly net operating income derived from all Direct Real Properties; provided, however, that the aggregate monthly fee to be paid to the Advisor pursuant to these subclauses (i) and (ii) in aggregate shall not exceed one-twelfth of 0.75% of the aggregate cost (before non-cash reserves and depreciation) of all Direct Real Properties.

For Product Specialist Real Properties (as defined below), the asset management fee consists of (i) a monthly fee of one-twelfth of 0.50% of the aggregate cost (before non cash reserves and depreciation) of Product Specialist Real Properties; and (ii) a monthly fee of 6% of the aggregate monthly net operating income derived from all Product Specialist Real Properties.

After the Dividend Coverage Ratio Date (as defined below):

For all real properties, the asset management fee consists of: (i) a monthly fee of one-twelfth of 0.50% of the aggregate cost (before non cash reserves and depreciation) of all real property assets within our portfolio; and (ii) a monthly fee of 8.0% of the aggregate monthly net operating income derived from all real property assets within our portfolio.

Direct Real Properties”: shall mean those real properties acquired directly by us without the advice or participation of a product specialist engaged by the Advisor.

Dividend Coverage Ratio”: shall mean, as to any given fiscal quarter, the total amount of distributions made by us in that fiscal quarter divided by the aggregate funds from operations for that fiscal quarter.

Dividend Coverage Ratio Date”: shall be the date on which our dividend coverage ratio has been less than or equal to 1.00 for two consecutive fiscal quarters.

Product Specialist Real Properties”: shall mean those real properties acquired by us pursuant to the advice or participation of a product specialist engaged by the Advisor pursuant to a contractual arrangement.

In addition, both before and after the Dividend Coverage Ratio Date, the asset management fee for all real property assets (acquired both prior to and after the Dividend Coverage Ratio Date) includes a fee of 1.0% of the sales price of individual real property assets upon disposition.

For securities and debt related assets, both before and after the Dividend Coverage Ratio Date, the asset management fee consists of a monthly fee equal to one-twelfth of 1.0% of (i) the aggregate value, determined at least quarterly, of our real estate related securities and (ii) the amount invested in the case of our debt related assets within our portfolio.

We have agreed to pay our Advisor certain acquisition and asset management fees that differ from the fee structure discussed above to facilitate the acquisition and management of certain debt investments that we may acquire pursuant to a product specialist agreement that our Advisor has entered into with the Debt Advisor (defined below). See the section below entitled “FundCore LLC” for additional details of this agreement and the corresponding fee structure.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, our Advisor earned approximately $3.4 million and $9.5 million in asset management fees, respectively. For the same periods in 2008, our Advisor earned approximately $2.7 million and $8.6 million in asset management fees, respectively.

Fees Paid to our Advisor and its Affiliates Related to Public Offerings of our Common Stock

The following table summarizes selling costs incurred by us in connection with our public offerings of common stock and paid to the Advisor and the Dealer Manager. These amounts have been included as a reduction to additional paid-in capital in the accompanying consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity. See below for further description of each fee for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 (amounts in thousands).

 

      For the Three Months Ended
September 30,
   For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,

Reimbursement and Fee Description

   2009    2008    2009    2008

Organization and offering expense reimbursement

   $ 1,405    $ 2,018    $ 3,512    $ 5,642

Dealer manager fees

     2,341      3,000      5,855      9,126

Broker dealer sales commissions

     4,133      5,328      10,260      16,271
                           

Total fees

   $ 7,879    $ 10,346    $ 19,627    $ 31,039
                           

 

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Organizational and Offering Costs Reimbursement

Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, our Advisor is obligated to advance all of our organizational and offering costs subject to its right to be reimbursed for such costs by us in an amount up to 1.5% of the aggregate gross offering proceeds raised in our public offerings of common stock. Such organizational and offering costs include, but are not limited to, actual legal, accounting, printing and other expenses attributable to preparing registration statements, qualification of the shares for sale in the states and filing fees incurred by our Advisor, as well as reimbursements for marketing, salaries and direct expenses of its employees while engaged in registering and marketing the shares, other than selling commissions and the dealer manager fee. Offering costs incurred in connection with the issuance of equity securities are deducted from stockholders’ equity.

As of September 30, 2009, the Advisor had incurred cumulative reimbursable offering costs of approximately $40.6 million. As of September 30, 2009, we were obligated to reimburse approximately $27.2 million in such reimbursable offering costs. As of September 30, 2009, of the $27.2 million in reimbursable offering costs we had incurred, approximately $439,000 had not yet been reimbursed to the Advisor, and have been included in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the accompanying balance sheet. As of December 31, 2008, of the $23.7 million in reimbursable offering costs we had incurred, approximately $216,000 had not yet been reimbursed to the Advisor, which have been included in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.

Dealer Manager Fees and Broker Dealer Sales Commissions

Pursuant to the Dealer Manager Agreement, we pay a dealer manager fee of up to 2.5% of gross offering proceeds raised pursuant to our public offerings of common stock to the Dealer Manager as compensation for managing the offerings. The Dealer Manager is considered to be a related party as certain indirect owners and employees of the Dealer Manager serve as our executives. The Dealer Manager may re-allow a portion of such fees to broker dealers who participate in the offerings. We also pay up to a 6.0% sales commission of gross offering proceeds raised pursuant to our public offerings of common stock. As of September 30, 2009, all sales commissions paid to the Dealer Manager had been re-allowed to participating broker dealers. Such amounts are considered a cost of raising capital and as such are included as a reduction of additional paid-in capital in the accompanying consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity. Of these costs, we had accrued approximately $731,000 and $361,000 for dealer manager fees and $651,000 and $123,000 for sales commissions as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

Fees Paid to the Advisor and Affiliates Related to our Operating Partnership’s Private Placement Offerings

The following table summarizes costs we incurred associated with our Operating Partnership’s private placement offerings and paid to the Advisor, the Dealer Manager and the Facilitator. These amounts are accounted for as deferred loan costs. Such deferred loan costs are included in our consolidated balance sheets and amortized to “Interest expense” over the life of the financing obligation (see Note 8 for additional information). As described in Note 8, if our Operating Partnership elects to exercise any purchase option and issue limited partnership units, the unamortized portion of up-front fees and expense reimbursements paid to affiliates will be recorded against noncontrolling interest as a selling cost of the limited partnership units. See below for further discussion of each fee described in the below table for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 (amounts in thousands).

 

      For the Three Months Ended
September 30,
   For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,

Reimbursement and Fee Description

   2009    2008    2009    2008

Organization and offering expense reimbursement

   $ 101    $ 280    $ 183    $ 756

Dealer manager fees

     101      280      183      756

Broker dealer sales commissions

     335      894      609      2,462

Facilitator fees

     134      374      243      1,009
                           

Total fees

   $ 671    $ 1,828    $ 1,218    $ 4,983
                           

Organizational and Offering Cost Reimbursement

Our Advisor is obligated to pay all of the offering and marketing-related costs associated with our Operating Partnership’s private placements. However, the Operating Partnership is obligated to pay our Advisor a non-accountable expense allowance which equals 1.5% of the gross equity proceeds raised through the Operating Partnership’s private placements.

 

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Dealer Manager Fees and Broker Dealer Sales Commissions

We have also entered into a separate dealer manager agreement with the Dealer Manager pursuant to which we pay a dealer manager fee of up to 1.5% of the gross equity proceeds raised through our Operating Partnership’s private placements. We also pay the Dealer Manager a sales commission of up to 5.0% of the gross equity proceeds raised through our Operating Partnership’s private placement. As of September 30, 2009, substantially all of the sales commissions were re-allowed to participating broker dealers who are responsible for effecting sales.

Facilitator Fees

The Facilitator is responsible for facilitating transactions associated with the Operating Partnership’s private placements. The Facilitator is considered a related party as certain indirect owners and employees of the Facilitator serve as our executives. We have entered into an agreement with the Facilitator whereby we pay a transaction facilitation fee of up to 2.0% of the gross equity proceeds raised through the Operating Partnership’s private placement.

Other Expense Reimbursements

In addition to the reimbursement of organizational and offering costs, we are also obligated, subject to certain limitations, to reimburse our Advisor for certain other expenses incurred on our behalf for providing services contemplated in the Advisory Agreement, (the Advisor utilizes its employees to provide such services and in certain instances that includes our named executive officers) provided that the Advisor does not receive a specific fee for the activities which generate the expenses to be reimbursed. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, we incurred approximately $147,000 and $531,000, respectively, of these expenses which we reimbursed to the Advisor. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, we incurred approximately $211,000 and $512,000, respectively, of these expenses which we reimbursed to the Advisor. We record these reimbursements as general and administrative expenses in our consolidated statements of operations.

Product Specialists

In addition to utilizing its own management team, the Advisor actively seeks to form strategic alliances with recognized leaders in the real estate and investment management industries. These alliances are intended to allow the Advisor to leverage the organizational infrastructure of experienced real estate developers, operators and investment managers and to potentially give us access to a greater number of real property, debt related and real estate securities investment opportunities. The use of product specialists or other service providers does not eliminate or reduce the Advisor’s fiduciary duty to us. The Advisor retains ultimate responsibility for the performance of all of the matters entrusted to it under the Advisory Agreement.

The Advisor’s product specialists are and will be compensated through a combination of (i) reallowance of acquisition, disposition, asset management and/or other fees paid by us to the Advisor and (ii) potential profit participation in connection with specific portfolio asset(s) identified by them and invested in by us. We may enter into joint ventures or other arrangements with affiliates of the Advisor to acquire, develop and/or manage real properties. As of September 30, 2009, our Advisor had entered into joint venture and/or product specialist arrangements with one current affiliate (Dividend Capital Investments LLC) and one former affiliate (DCT Industrial Trust Inc.), as discussed below in more detail.

Dividend Capital Investments LLC

On June 12, 2006, our Advisor entered into a product specialist agreement with Dividend Capital Investments LLC (“DCI”), an affiliate of ours, in connection with investment management services related to our investments in real estate securities assets. Pursuant to this agreement, a portion of the asset management fee that our Advisor receives from us related to securities investments is reallowed to DCI in exchange for services provided.

FundCore LLC

In August 2009, the Advisor entered into a product specialist agreement (the “Debt Advisor PSA”) with FundCore LLC (the “Debt Advisor”), an entity formed by affiliates of Hudson River Partners Real Estate Investment Management L.P. (“HRP”) and certain affiliates of the Advisor. Pursuant to the Debt Advisor PSA, the Debt Advisor has the right to perform acquisition and asset management services with respect to up to $130 million (plus any available leverage) of certain debt investments to be made by us. On August 5, 2009, the Advisor also entered into another product specialist agreement (the “HRP PSA”) with HRP. Pursuant to the HRP PSA, HRP has the right to perform the acquisition and asset management services with respect to up to $20 million (plus any available leverage) of certain debt investments to be made by us.

We have modified our Advisory Agreement with respect to the timing and amount of certain fees paid for acquisition and asset management services related to certain debt investments that will be provided by the Debt Advisor. The following is a summary of fees that will be paid to our Advisor related to the acquisition and management of such debt investments.

 

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Debt Investment Acquisition Fees

For debt investments acquired pursuant to the Debt Advisor PSA discussed above, the Advisor will receive an acquisition fee equal the sum of:

 

  (i) 1.0% of the relevant debt investment amount,

 

  (ii) any origination or similar fees paid by the applicable borrower at the time the debt investment is made (not to exceed 1.50% of the net debt investment amount), and

 

  (iii) an amount equal to 1.0% per annum of the discounted present value (using a discount rate of 15.0%) of the net debt investment amount (taking into account any anticipated principal amortization) for a period of time equal to the lesser of the term of the debt investment (excluding extension option years) or four years (collectively referred to as the “Initial Term”).

Total acquisition fees and expenses shall not exceed 6.0% of the net debt investment amount. This fee shall be payable on the closing date of the relevant debt investment.

Debt Investments Asset Management Fees

For debt investments acquired pursuant to the Debt Advisor PSA discussed above, the Advisor will receive asset management fees pursuant to the following:

 

  (i) during the first twelve months after the closing of the respective debt investment, the Advisor shall receive a monthly asset management fee consisting of one-twelfth of the total amount, if any, by which the sum of the total acquisition fees and expenses exceeds 6.0% of the relevant net debt investment amount;

 

  (ii) during the balance of the Initial Term, zero; and

 

  (iii) during any period following the Initial Term during which the relevant debt investment is outstanding, the asset management fee will consist of a monthly fee of one-twelfth of 1.0% of the net debt investment amount.

As of September 30, 2009, we had not acquired any debt investments pursuant to this agreement with the Debt Advisor.

DCT Industrial Trust Inc.

Our Advisor has entered into certain product specialist agreements with DCT Industrial Trust Inc. (“DCT”), a former affiliate of ours, in connection with acquisition and asset management services related to our industrial real property investments. Pursuant to this agreement, a portion of the acquisition and asset management fees that our Advisor receives from us related to specific industrial real property investments is reallowed to DCT in exchange for services provided.

14. NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE

Reconciliations of the numerator and denominator used to calculate basic net income (loss) per common share to the numerator and denominator used to calculate diluted net income (loss) per common share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, are described in the following table (amounts in thousands, except per share information).

 

     For the Three Months Ended
September 30,
    For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2009     2008     2009     2008  

Numerator

        

Net loss for basic earnings per share attributable to common stockholders

   $ (6,450   $ (9,466   $ (25,151   $ (68,130

Dilutive noncontrolling interests share in net loss

     (256     (384     (1,039     (1,749
                                

Numerator for diluted earnings per share – adjusted loss

   $ (6,706   $ (9,850   $ (26,190   $ (69,879
                                

Denominator

        

Weighted average shares outstanding-basic

     178,062        147,180        170,559        134,075   

Incremental weighted average shares effect of conversion of OP units

     7,056        5,936        7,136        3,730   
                                

Weighted average shares outstanding-diluted

     185,118        153,116        177,695        137,805   
                                

NET LOSS PER COMMON SHARE

        

Net loss attributable to common stockholders - basic

   $ (0.04   $ (0.06   $ (0.15   $ (0.51

Net loss attributable to common stockholders - diluted

   $ (0.04   $ (0.06   $ (0.15   $ (0.51

 

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15. SEGMENT INFORMATION

We have the following business segments: (i) investments in real property, (ii) investments in real estate securities and (iii) debt related investments. The following table sets forth components of net operating income (“NOI”) of our segments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and the same periods in 2008 (amounts in thousands).

     For the Three Months Ended September 30,
     Revenues    NOI
     2009    2008    2009    2008

Real property

   $ 35,950    $ 27,500    $ 26,746    $ 20,288

Real estate securities

     1,499      4,137      1,499      4,137

Debt related investments (1)

     3,655      2,484      3,655      2,484
                           

Total

   $ 41,104    $ 34,121    $ 31,900    $ 26,909
                           
     For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
     Revenues    NOI
     2009    2008    2009    2008

Real property

   $ 105,862    $ 82,669    $ 78,565    $ 61,188

Real estate securities

     6,629      12,758      6,629      12,758

Debt related investments (1)

     8,123      7,471      8,123      7,471
                           

Total

   $ 120,614    $ 102,898    $ 93,317    $ 81,417
                           

 

(1) Includes operating results from our investment in an unconsolidated joint venture.

We consider NOI to be an appropriate supplemental financial performance measure, because NOI reflects the specific operating performance of our real properties, real estate securities, and debt related investments and excludes certain items that are not considered to be controllable in connection with the management of each property, such as interest income, depreciation and amortization, general and administrative expenses, asset management fees, interest expense and noncontrolling interests. However, NOI should not be viewed as an alternative measure of our financial performance as a whole, since it does exclude such items which could materially impact our results of operations. Further, our NOI may not be comparable to that of other real estate companies, as they may use different methodologies for calculating NOI. Therefore, we believe net income, as defined by GAAP, to be the most appropriate measure to evaluate our overall financial performance.

The following table is a reconciliation of our NOI (including equity in earnings of an unconsolidated joint venture) to our reported net income (loss) from continuing operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and the same periods in 2008 (amounts in thousands).

 

     For the Three Months Ended
September 30,
    For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2009     2008     2009     2008  

Net operating income

   $ 31,900      $ 26,909      $ 93,317      $ 81,417   

Depreciation and amortization expense

     (14,588     (12,582     (43,577     (37,872

General and administrative expenses

     (1,110     (1,189     (3,607     (3,261

Asset management fees, related party

     (3,382     (2,745     (9,513     (8,580

Acquisition-related expenses and other gains (losses)

     949        —          (2,827     —     

Interest income

     497        3,303        2,599        9,212   

Interest expense

     (14,673     (10,792     (41,859     (33,211

Gain (loss) on derivatives

     16        471        (7,997     (8,427

Gain on extinguishment of debt

     —          —          —          9,309   

Net other-than-temporary impairment on securities

     (6,385     (13,540     (13,063     (79,441

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests

     326        699        1,376        2,724   
                                

Net loss attributable to common stockholders

   $ (6,450   $ (9,466   $ (25,151   $ (68,130
                                

 

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The following table reflects our total assets by business segment as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 (amounts in thousands).

 

     As of September 30,    As of December 31,
     2009    2008

Segment assets:

     

Net investments in real property

   $ 1,448,136    $ 1,361,301

Investments in real estate securities

     63,874      52,368

Debt related investments, net (1)

     171,173      106,381
             

Total segment assets, net

     1,683,183      1,520,050

Non-segment assets:

     

Cash and cash equivalents

     612,088      540,213

Other non-segment assets (2)

     85,085      63,315
             

Total assets

   $ 2,380,356    $ 2,123,578
             

 

(1) Includes our investment in an unconsolidated joint venture. See Note 5.
(2) Other non-segment assets primarily consist of corporate assets including subscriptions receivable, certain loan costs, including loan costs associated with our financing obligations, and deferred acquisition costs.

16. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

We have evaluated whether any subsequent events have occurred up through the time of issuing these financial statements on November 13, 2009. The following is a discussion of the subsequent events that have occurred.

Campus Road Office Center

On November 3, 2009, we acquired an office property located in the Princeton, New Jersey market (the “Campus Road Office Center”). The Campus Road Office Center consists of approximately 167,000 net rentable square feet and is currently 100% occupied. The Campus Road Office Center is subject to a net lease with a single tenant, Novo Nordisk Inc. that expires in 2023. We acquired the Campus Road Office Center using proceeds from our public and private offerings.

The total estimated investment amount for the Campus Road Office Center is approximately $51.1 million. In addition, we expect to incur acquisition-related expenses of approximately $1.3 million that have been and will be expensed as incurred. These expenses are comprised of estimated legal, closing and due diligence costs of approximately $763,000 and an acquisition fee paid to our Advisor of approximately $511,000.

Modification to our Share Redemption Program

On November 6, 2009, our board of directors approved changes to our share redemption program (the “Program”) and on November 13, 2009 we sent the required 30-day written notification to stockholders pursuant to the terms of the Program. The changes to the Program will be effective beginning with share redemption requests made during the fourth quarter of 2009 and include:

 

   

Redemption Limit — We historically have honored redemption requests based on an annual cap of 5% of the shares outstanding a year earlier. While the annual cap will continue, beginning with the fourth quarter of 2009, the limit on the amount of shares to be redeemed in any calendar quarter will be the lesser of (i) 1/4th of 5% of shares outstanding a year earlier or (ii) the number of shares issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment program in the prior quarter. Therefore, the fourth quarter redemption limit is expected to be approximately 1.4 million shares (the number of shares issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment program in the third quarter of 2009). Our board of directors still maintains its right to redeem additional shares subject to the 5% annual cap if it deems it to be in the best interest of our stockholders.

 

   

Death & Disability — We have amended the Program such that upon an event of death, and, if approved by the board of directors in its sole discretion, upon the disability of a stockholder, shares may be redeemed regardless of the one year holding period or the limitations and redemption caps described above. Furthermore, if the one year holding period is waived for death and disability exceptions, such shares will be redeemed at a discount equal to the one year anniversary discount (92.5%) described in the Program.

 

   

Stockholder Eligibility — We have amended the Program to, on a going-forward basis, limit redemption rights to stockholders who have purchased their shares from us or received their shares through a non-cash transaction (other than in the secondary market pursuant to a transaction effected after December 17, 2009), or received shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment program.

        The board of directors may, in its sole discretion, amend, suspend, or terminate the share redemption program at any time if it determines that the funds available to fund the share redemption program are needed for other business or operational purposes or that amendment, suspension or termination of the share redemption program is in the best interest of our stockholders.

 

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This section of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q provides an overview of what management believes to be the key elements for understanding (i) our company and how we manage our business, (ii) how we measure our performance and our operating results, (iii) our liquidity and capital resources, and (iv) the accompanying financial statements included in “Item 1. Financial Statements” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto as of December 31, 2008 and for the year then ended, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on March 30, 2009.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes certain statements that may be deemed to be “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Such forward-looking statements relate to, without limitation, our future capital expenditures, distributions and acquisitions (including the amount and nature thereof), other development trends of the real estate industry, business strategies, and the growth of our operations. These statements are based on certain assumptions and analyses made by us in light of our experience and our perception of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments and other factors we believe are appropriate. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Such statements are subject to a number of assumptions, risks and uncertainties which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are generally identifiable by the use of the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,” “intend,” “project,” “continue,” or the negative of these words, or other similar words or terms. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Among the factors that may cause our results to vary are general economic and business (particularly real estate and capital market) conditions being less favorable than expected, the business opportunities that may be presented to and pursued by us, changes in laws or regulations (including changes to laws governing the taxation of REITs), risk of acquisitions, availability and creditworthiness of prospective tenants, availability of capital (debt and equity), interest rate fluctuations, competition, supply and demand for properties in our current and any proposed market areas, tenants’ ability to pay rent at current or increased levels, accounting principles, policies and guidelines applicable to REITs, environmental, regulatory and/or safety requirements, tenant bankruptcies and defaults, the availability and cost of comprehensive insurance, including coverage for terrorist acts, and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. For a further discussion of these factors and other risk factors that could lead to actual results materially different from those described in the forward-looking statements, see “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on March 30, 2009. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of future events, new information or otherwise.

Overview

Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. is a Maryland corporation formed on April 11, 2005 to invest in a diverse portfolio of real property and real estate related investments. As used herein, “the Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries and partnerships except where the context otherwise requires.

We operate in a manner intended to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, commencing with the taxable year ended December 31, 2006, when we first elected REIT status. We utilize an UPREIT organizational structure to hold all or substantially all of our assets through our Operating Partnership. Furthermore, our Operating Partnership wholly owns our TRS, through which we execute certain business transactions that might otherwise have an adverse impact on our status as a REIT if such business transactions were to occur directly or indirectly through the Operating Partnership.

The primary source of our revenue and earnings is comprised of (i) rent received from tenants under long-term (generally three to ten years) operating leases at our properties, including reimbursements from tenants for certain operating costs, (ii) interest and dividend payments from our investments in real estate securities and (iii) interest payments from our debt related investments. Our primary expenses include (i) rental expenses, (ii) depreciation and amortization expenses, (iii) acquisition-related expenses, (iv) general and administrative expenses, (v) asset management fees and (vi) interest expense.

We are an externally managed REIT and therefore have no employees. Our day-to-day activities are managed by Dividend Capital Total Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”), an affiliate, under the terms and conditions of an advisory agreement (as amended from time to time the “Advisory Agreement”). The Advisor and its affiliates receive various forms of compensation, reimbursements and fees for services relating to the investment and management of our real estate assets.

 

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The cornerstone of our investment strategy is to provide investors seeking a general real estate allocation with a broadly diversified portfolio of assets. Historically our targeted investments have included:

 

  1. Direct investments in real properties, consisting of office, industrial, retail, multifamily, hospitality and other properties, primarily located in North America;

 

  2. Investments in real estate securities, including securities issued by other real estate companies, CMBS and CRE-CDOs and similar investments; and

 

  3. Certain debt related investments, including originating and participating in whole mortgage loans secured by commercial real estate, B-notes, mezzanine debt and other related investments.

As of September 30, 2009, we had total gross investments of approximately $1.8 billion (before accumulated depreciation of approximately $131.8 million), comprised of:

 

  (1) 76 operating properties located in 26 geographic markets in the United States, aggregating approximately 12.5 million net rentable square feet. Our operating real property portfolio includes an aggregate gross investment amount of approximately $1.6 billion and consists of:

 

   

15 office properties located in ten geographic markets, aggregating approximately 2.5 million net rentable square feet, with an aggregate gross investment amount of approximately $493.1 million;

 

   

26 industrial properties located in 13 geographic markets, aggregating approximately 7.0 million net rentable square feet, with an aggregate gross investment amount of approximately $372.0 million; and

 

   

35 retail properties located in ten geographic markets, aggregating approximately 3.0 million net rentable square feet, with an aggregate gross investment amount of approximately $714.9 million.

 

  (2) Approximately $63.9 million in real estate securities, including (i) preferred equity securities of various real estate operating companies and REITs with an aggregate fair value of approximately $54.2 million and (ii) CMBS and CRE-CDOs with an aggregate fair value of approximately $9.7 million.

 

  (3) Approximately $171.2 million in debt related investments, including (i) investments in B-notes of approximately $51.9 million, (ii) investments in mezzanine debt of approximately $37.2 million, (iii) an investment in one senior mortgage note of approximately $64.7 million and (iv) an investment in an unconsolidated joint venture of approximately $17.4 million.

Consistent with our investment strategy, we have three business segments: (i) real property, (ii) real estate securities and (iii) debt related investments. For a discussion of our business segments and the associated revenue and net operating income by segment, see Note 15 to our consolidated financial statements included in “Item 1. Financial Statements” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

We expect to fund our future and near term investment activity primarily through the use of cash on hand and the issuance and assumption of debt obligations.

 

   

Cash on hand — As of September 30, 2009, we had approximately $612.1 million of cash and cash equivalents. As of September 30, 2009, the majority of our cash was invested in various AAA-rated money market funds, which were earning interest at a weighted average yield of approximately 0.2%.

 

   

The issuance and assumption of debt obligations — As of September 30, 2009, we had total debt obligations of approximately $820.6 million comprised of approximately $807.3 million of mortgage notes and $13.3 million of other secured borrowings outstanding.

As of September 30, 2009, we held cash and cash equivalents of approximately $612.1 million. We believe that this cash balance is critical in the current market and positions us well to take advantage of investment opportunities in the future. However, severe market dislocation and current dysfunction in the credit markets has resulted in historically low commercial real estate transaction volume. As a result, opportunities to deploy our capital have not been as quick to emerge. In addition, and in light of market conditions, we have attempted to be prudent in the deployment of capital, which also has resulted in a slower pace of investments. In the meantime, our cash balance has a significant dilutive effect on our goal of funding the payment of quarterly distributions to our stockholders entirely from our operations over time.

Accordingly, we determined that it was prudent to close our public offering sooner than the anticipated closing in January 2010, and, in so doing, limit the amount of incremental dilutive cash. As a result, and other than pursuant to our distribution reinvestment program, we have not offered our shares for sale in our public offering after September 30, 2009. As of September 30, 2009, we had issued approximately 171.4 million common shares through the primary portion of our public offerings, net of redemptions and selling costs, for net proceeds of approximately $1.5 billion.

 

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Current Investment Focus and Opportunities

Despite the challenging economic conditions, we believe that significant opportunities will ultimately exist to deploy capital to acquire high quality real properties in premier locations throughout the U.S., with the intention of owning and operating these properties over the long term. Many of these opportunities may become available as a result of debt refinancings coming due or other liquidity concerns for many industry participants, and the current market environment favors real estate investors with significant amounts of available cash who can provide no financing contingencies and more certainty of closing. Furthermore, the current credit market conditions may also create an opportunity to make debt related investments by lending money to experienced real estate owners at attractive rates and terms secured by quality collateral. Our ability to identify and execute on these types of opportunities inherently has risk. The following identifies the principal business risks associated with our business.

Principal Business Risks

In our view, there are several principal near-term business risks we face in achieving our business objectives.

 

   

The risk that the current prolonged economic slowdown and severe recession could continue to have a negative impact on our operations. A negative impact on our real property and debt related investments may continue to occur as a result of increased tenant bankruptcies and tenant defaults, generally lower demand for rentable space, as well as a potential oversupply of rentable space which could lead to little or no demand for rentable space or increased concessions, tenant improvement expenditures or reduced rental rates to maintain occupancies.

Moreover, the possible continued impact that ongoing or intensified uncertainty and disruptions in the capital markets could further have on the value of our real estate securities investments. To date, we have recorded significant other-than-temporary impairment charges related to our investment in real estate securities due to the disruptions and uncertainties in the capital markets, deterioration in credit and liquidity of issuers, and a variety of other factors, and if such conditions persist or worsen, we may be required to record additional other-than-temporary impairment charges in the future and/or potentially suffer further unrealized or realized losses with respect to these investments. In addition, the amount and timing of our cash flows from our real estate securities investments and our ability to sell such investments have been and may be further impacted by the uncertainty and disruptions in the capital markets.

 

   

Another principal near-term business risk is our ability to continue to identify additional real property and debt related investments on a timely basis to maintain portfolio diversification across multiple dimensions and to provide consistent quarterly distributions to our stockholders that, in the future, we expect to be funded entirely by our operations. The number and type of real properties we may acquire and debt related investments we may invest in will depend upon real estate market conditions, the amount of proceeds we raise in our public and private offerings, conditions in the capital markets, and other circumstances existing at the time of acquisition. The volatile and uncertain state of the current capital markets has resulted in generally lower transaction volume in the broader real estate market, as well as corresponding pricing and valuation uncertainties. To the extent that such disruptions and uncertainties continue, we may be delayed in our ability to deploy capital into investments that meet our investment criteria, which could have a dilutive effect on our results from operations as a result of higher cash balances that earn less than potential returns on investments in real properties and real estate related assets. In addition, this delay increases the chance that our intended liquidity event, which we intend to effect within ten years from the date we commenced on April 3, 2006, may be delayed beyond ten years.

 

   

A further principal business risk we face is our future ability to access additional debt financing at reasonable terms. The U.S. credit markets have experienced severe dislocations and liquidity disruptions that have caused credit spreads on prospective debt financings to widen considerably. The uncertainty in the credit markets could negatively impact our ability to access additional debt financing at reasonable terms, which may negatively affect investment returns on future acquisitions or our ability to make additional acquisitions consistent with our overall investment objectives.

Significant Transactions During the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009

Investment Activity

Real Property Acquisitions

During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we acquired two real properties located in the Washington, DC market with a combined gross investment amount of approximately $123.2 million.

Connecticut Avenue Office Center — On March 10, 2009, we acquired the Connecticut Avenue Office Center from a third-party seller using proceeds from our public and private offerings and subsequent debt financing. The Connecticut Avenue Office Center had a total investment amount of approximately $63.6 million and consisted of approximately 126,000 net rentable square feet that was approximately 98% occupied as of September 30, 2009. We incurred expenses of approximately $1.8 million related to the acquisition of the Connecticut Avenue Office Center which were expensed as incurred. These expenses were comprised of estimated legal, closing and due diligence costs of approximately $1.2 million and an acquisition fee paid to our Advisor of approximately $636,000.

 

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Greater DC Retail Center — On April 6, 2009, we acquired the Greater DC Retail Center from a third-party seller using proceeds from our public and private offerings and through the assumption of debt financing. We acquired the Greater DC Retail Center for a purchase price of $65.0 million. After making certain adjustments related to contingent consideration received as part of this acquisition pursuant to ASC Topic 805, the Greater DC Retail Center has a total investment amount of approximately $59.6 million. The Greater DC Retail Center consists of approximately 233,000 net rentable square feet that was 100% occupied as of September 30, 2009. We incurred expenses of approximately $1.9 million related to the acquisition of the Greater DC Retail Center which were expensed as incurred. These expenses were comprised of estimated legal, closing and due diligence costs of approximately $1.2 million and an acquisition fee paid to our Advisor of approximately $650,000.

Origination of Westin-Galleria Loan — On July 23, 2009, we originated a $65.0 million senior mortgage loan secured by two hotel properties located in the Houston, Texas market (the “Westin Galleria Loan”). The borrower under the Westin Galleria Loan is Walton Houston Galleria Hotels, L.P., an affiliate of Chicago, Illinois-based Walton Street Capital, a private equity real estate sponsor. The Westin Galleria Loan has an initial term of three years, prepayable in the initial term, subject to certain prepayment fees, and is subject to two additional one-year extensions. We earned an origination fee of approximately $975,000 upon the origination of the Westin Galleria Loan. In connection with our origination of the Westin Galleria Loan, we paid our Advisor an acquisition fee of approximately $650,000. We originated the Westin Galleria Loan using net proceeds from our public and private offerings.

Financing Activity

Mortgage Debt Financing

During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we incurred or assumed approximately $90.8 million in mortgage debt financing that was comprised of three mortgage notes secured by seven real properties. These notes are all amortizing, bearing interest at a weighted average stated interest rate of approximately 6.14%, and mature between July 2014 and April 2016.

Equity Capital Raise from Public and Private Offerings

During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we issued approximately 23.7 million shares of our common stock, net of redemptions, in connection with our public offering, for net proceeds of approximately $213.5 million. In addition, during the nine months ended September 30, 2009, our Operating Partnership raised net proceeds of approximately $12.2 million from the sale of fractional interests in one property.

On August 3, 2009, we announced the termination of the primary portion of our public offering effective as of the close of business on September 30, 2009. We have not accepted any subscriptions effective after September 30, 2009. We will, however, continue to offer shares of common stock through our distribution reinvestment plan.

Acquisition of Fractional Interests

During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, the Operating Partnership exercised its option to acquire, at fair value, approximately $7.9 million of fractional interests in one property for a combination of (i) approximately 747,000 OP Units, issued at a price of $10.00 per OP Unit, representing $7.5 million of the aggregate purchase price of such properties and (ii) approximately $412,000 in cash.

How We Measure Our Performance

Funds From Operations

We believe that net income, as defined by GAAP, is the most appropriate earnings measure. However, we consider funds from operations (“FFO”) to be a useful supplemental measure of our operating performance. Our discussion and calculation of our FFO reconciled from net income (loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 will be separately presented in our announcement of third quarter 2009 financial and operating results prior to our third quarter 2009 earnings conference call.

Net Operating Income (“NOI”)

We use NOI as a supplemental financial performance measure because NOI reflects the specific operating performance of our real properties, real estate securities and debt related investments and excludes certain items that are not considered to be controllable in connection with the management of each property, such as interest income, depreciation and amortization, general and administrative expenses, asset management fees, interest expense and noncontrolling interests. However, NOI should not be viewed as an alternative measure of our financial performance as a whole, since it does exclude such items which could materially impact our results of operations. Further, our NOI may not be comparable to that of other real estate companies, as they may use different methodologies for calculating NOI. Therefore, we believe net income, as defined by GAAP, to be the most appropriate measure to evaluate our overall financial performance.

 

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Our Operating Results

Three Months Ended September 30, 2009 and 2008

For the three months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, we had a net loss attributable to common stockholders of approximately $6.5 million and $9.5 million, respectively. The results of our operations for the three months ended September 30, 2009 were substantially different than our results for the same period in 2008, primarily as a result of (i) additional investments, (ii) additional financing, (iii) lower interest income due to lower yields earned on our cash balances and (iv) reduced other-than-temporary impairment charges related to our investments in real estate securities for the three months ended September 30, 2009.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 and 2008

For the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, we had a net loss attributable to common stockholders of approximately $25.2 million and $68.1 million, respectively. The results of our operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 were substantially different than our results for the same period in 2008, primarily as a result of a (i) additional investments, (ii) additional financing, (iii) lower interest income due to lower yields earned on our cash balances, (iv) non-recurring charges related to gain on extinguishment of debt during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and (v) reduced other-than-temporary impairment charges related to our investments in real estate securities for the nine months ended September 30, 2009.

 

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The following series of tables and discussions describe in detail our results of operations, including those items specifically mentioned above, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2008

The following table illustrates the changes in rental revenues, rental expenses, net operating income, other income and other expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2009 compared to the same period in 2008. Our same store portfolio includes all operating properties that we owned for the entirety of both the current and prior year reporting periods. The same store portfolio includes 61 properties acquired prior to January 1, 2008, comprising approximately 10.3 million square feet. A discussion of these changes follows the table (amounts in thousands).

 

     For the Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2009     2008     $ Change  

Revenues

      

Base rental revenue-same store (1)

   $ 20,296      $ 19,836      $ 460   

Other rental revenue-same store

     6,376        6,900        (524
                        

Total rental revenue-same store

     26,672        26,736        (64

Rental revenue-2009/2008 acquisitions

     9,278        764        8,514   
                        

Total rental revenue

     35,950        27,500        8,450   

Securities income

     1,499        4,137        (2,638

Debt related income (2)

     3,655        2,484        1,171   
                        

Total revenues

     41,104        34,121        6,983   

Rental Expenses

      

Same store

     7,019        7,120        (101

2008/2007 acquisitions

     2,185        92        2,093   
                        

Total rental expenses

     9,204        7,212        1,992   

Net Operating Income (3)

      

Real property-same store

     19,653        19,615        38   

Real property-2009/2008 acquisitions

     7,093        673        6,420   

Securities income

     1,499        4,137        (2,638

Debt related income

     3,655        2,484        1,171   
                        

Total net operating income

     31,900        26,909        4,991   

Other Operating Expenses

      

Depreciation and amortization expense

     14,588        12,582        2,006   

General and administrative expenses

     1,110        1,189        (79

Asset management fees, related party

     3,382        2,745        637   

Acquisition-related expenses and other gains (losses)

     (949     —          (949
                        

Total other operating expenses

     18,131        16,516        1,615   

Other Income (Expenses)

      

Interest income

     497        3,303        (2,806

Interest expense

     (14,673     (10,792     (3,881

Gain (loss) on derivatives

     16        471        (455

Other-than-temporary impairment on securities

     (6,385     (13,540     7,155   
                        

Total other income (expenses)

     (20,545     (20,558     13   

Net Loss

   $ (6,776   $ (10,165   $ 3,389   
                        

 

(1) Base rental revenue represents contractual base rental revenue earned by us from our tenants and does not include the impact of certain GAAP adjustments to rental revenue, such as straight-line rent adjustments, amortization of above-market intangible lease assets or the amortization of below-market lease intangible liabilities. Such GAAP adjustments and other rental revenue such as expense recovery revenue are included in the below caption, referred to as “other rental revenue.”
(2) Includes equity-in-earnings from an unconsolidated joint venture of approximately $557,000 and $31,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
(3) For a discussion as to why we view net operating income to be an appropriate supplemental performance measure, and a reconciliation of our net operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 to our reported “Net income (loss)” for the three months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, see Note 15 to our consolidated financial statements included in “Item 1. Financial Statements” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

 

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Rental Revenue

Total rental revenue increased approximately $8.5 million to approximately $36.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009, compared to approximately $27.5 million for the same period in 2008. This increase is primarily attributable to our acquisition of 14 additional operating real properties subsequent to June 30, 2008.

Same store base rental revenue increased by approximately $460,000, or 2.3%, for the three months ended September 30, 2009 compared to the same period in 2008 primarily due to an increase in rates on renewing tenants and the expiration of certain rent abatement terms subsequent to September 30, 2008. This was partially offset by a decline in the occupancy of our same store portfolio of assets. As of September 30, 2009 and 2008, occupancy of our same store portfolio was approximately 93.6% and 95.0%, respectively.

Same store other rental revenue decreased by approximately $524,000, or 7.6%, for the three months ended September 30, 2009 compared to the same period in 2008. This decrease was primarily driven by straight-line rent adjustments that increased revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2008 caused by significant rent abatements, which did not recur during the same period in 2009.

Securities Income

Securities income decreased approximately $2.6 million to approximately $1.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009, compared to approximately $4.1 million for the same period in 2008. This decrease is attributable to (i) incremental amortization associated with other-than-temporary impairment related to our CRE-CDO and CMBS securities that reduced interest income by approximately $951,000 compared to the same period in 2008 and (ii) the decline in the average one-month LIBOR rate over the periods, which impacts interest income on floating-rate securities investments. As of September 30, 2009 and 2008, the one-month LIBOR rate was approximately 0.25% and 3.93%, respectively. As of September 30, 2009 and 2008, approximately 43.9% and 44.2%, respectively, of our real estate securities, based on notional amounts, were floating rate securities.

Debt Related Income

Debt related income increased approximately $1.2 million to approximately $3.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009, compared to approximately $2.5 million for the same period in 2008. The increase in debt related income was primarily attributable to our acquisition of two debt investments subsequent to June 30, 2008. This was partially offset by a general decline in the one-month LIBOR rate, which impacts interest income on floating-rate debt related investments. Approximately 19.9% and 28.6% of our debt related investments earned interest based on a floating-rate as of September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Rental Expenses

Rental expenses increased approximately $2.0 million to approximately $9.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009, from approximately $7.2 million for the same period in 2008. This increase is primarily attributable to our acquisition of 14 additional operating real properties subsequent to June 30, 2008.

Same store rental expenses decreased by approximately $100,000, or 1.4%, for the three months ended September 30, 2009 as compared to the same period in 2008. This decrease was primarily attributable to decreases in (i) property taxes expense or approximately $53,000, (ii) insurance expense of approximately $95,000, (iii) repair and maintenance expenses of approximately $75,000 and (iv) utilities expenses of approximately $48,000. These decreases in rental expense were partially offset by an increase in property-related legal, accounting and other overhead expenses of approximately $171,000.

Other Operating Expenses

Depreciation and Amortization Expense

Depreciation and amortization expense increased $2.0 million to $14.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009, compared to approximately $12.6 million for the same period in 2008. This increase is primarily attributable to our acquisition of 14 additional operating real properties subsequent to June 30, 2008.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses remained relatively consistent for the three months ended September 30, 2009 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2008.

Asset Management Fees, Related Party

Asset management fees paid to our Advisor increased approximately $637,000 to $3.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009, from $2.7 million for the same period in 2008. This increase resulted from additional investments held during the three months ended September 30, 2009 compared to the same period in 2008. This increase was primarily attributable to our acquisition of 14 additional operating real properties and two debt investments subsequent to June 30, 2008, partially offset by the decline in fair value of our real estate securities.

 

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Acquisition-Related Expenses and Other Gains (Losses)

Beginning on January 1, 2009, we are required to expense costs associated with the acquisition of real property as incurred, including acquisition fees paid to the Advisor. In addition, we are also required to estimate the fair value of contingent consideration we receive related to acquisitions of real property and record either a gain or loss to our statement of operations for changes in our estimate of fair value. During the three months ended September 30, 2009, we recorded a gain of approximately $950,000 related to an increase in our estimated fair value of contingent consideration received related to previous real property acquisitions. Prior to January 1, 2009, acquisition-related expenses were capitalized and amortized to depreciation and amortization expense over the related life of the acquired property. In addition, prior to January 1, 2009, changes in the estimated fair value of contingent consideration were not recognized in our statements of operations. As a result, there were no acquisition-related expenses or other gains for the same period in 2008.

Other Income (Expenses)

Interest Income

Interest income decreased $2.8 million to $497,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2009, from $3.3 million for the same period in 2008. This decrease is attributable to lower average yields on our floating-rate interest bearing bank accounts and money market mutual fund investments, which were partially offset by increased cash balances.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased $3.9 million to $14.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009, from $10.8 million for the same period in 2008. This increase resulted primarily from additional mortgage note financing we assumed or incurred subsequent to June 30, 2008, partially offset by a general decline in the one-month LIBOR rate, which impacts interest expense on floating-rate debt obligations, and the partial repayment of our margin account. The following table further describes our interest expense by debt obligation for the three months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 (amounts in thousands).

 

     For the Three Months Ended
September 30,
     2009    2008
Debt obligation      

Mortgage notes

   $ 12,779    $ 8,874

Financing obligations

     1,838      1,576

Other secured borrowings

     56      342
             

Total

   $ 14,673    $ 10,792
             

Gain (Loss) on Derivatives

Gain (loss) on derivatives decreased by approximately $455,000 to a net gain of approximately $16,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2009, compared to a net gain of $471,000 for the same period in 2008. During the three months ended June 30, 2009, we determined that it was no longer probable that previously forecasted incurrences of fixed-rate debt associated with one of our forward starting swaps would be incurred within the timeframe specified in the corresponding hedge designation memorandum. We discontinued this cash flow hedge as of June 30, 2009 and cash settled the hedge on July 29, 2009. We recorded the gain in fair value of this forward starting swap of approximately $587,000 that occurred subsequent to the June 30, 2009 as a gain on derivatives in our statements of operations.

This gain was partially offset by hedge ineffectiveness of approximately $561,000 that resulted from the identification of a misstatement associated with our assessment of the hedging effectiveness of three forward starting swaps whereby we incorrectly attributed approximately $561,000 of losses on these three forward starting swaps to accumulated other comprehensive income during the year ended December 31, 2008. Upon our reassessment of these hedging relationships, we determined that this amount should have been included in losses on derivatives and recorded as a charge in our statement of operations. Accordingly, we have recorded this adjustment to gain (loss) on derivatives during the three months ended September 30, 2009 to correct this misstatement. Additional hedge ineffectiveness was attributable to our interest rate collar derivative that is not designated as a hedge pursuant to ASC Topic 815.

 

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Net Other-than-Temporary Impairment on Securities

Net other-than-temporary impairment on securities decreased approximately $7.2 million to $6.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009 from $13.5 million for the same period in 2008. During the three months ended September 30, 2009, we recorded net other-than-temporary impairment charges of approximately $6.4 million related to our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities. During the same period in 2008, we recorded net other-than-temporary impairment charges of approximately $13.5 million related to one of our CRE-CDO securities. See Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements included in “Item 1. Financial Statements” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further discussion of these charges.

 

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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008

The following table illustrates the changes in rental revenues, rental expenses, net operating income, other income and other expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to the same period in 2008. Our same store portfolio includes all operating properties that we owned for the entirety of both the current and prior year reporting periods. The same store portfolio includes 61 properties acquired prior to January 1, 2008, comprising approximately 10.3 million square feet. A discussion of these changes follows the table (amount in thousands).

 

     For the Nine Months Ended September 30,  
     2009     2008     $ Change  

Revenues

      

Base rental revenue-same store (1)

   $ 61,363      $ 60,168      $ 1,195   

Other rental revenue-same store

     20,195        20,709        (514
                        

Total rental revenue-same store

     81,558        80,877        681   

Rental revenue-2009/2008 acquisitions

     24,304        1,792        22,512   
                        

Total rental revenue

     105,862        82,669        23,193   

Securities income

     6,629        12,758        (6,129

Debt related income (2)

     8,123        7,471        652   
                        

Total revenues

     120,614        102,898        17,716   

Rental Expenses

      

Same store

     21,607        21,328        279   

2008/2007 acquisitions

     5,690        153        5,537   
                        

Total rental expenses

     27,297        21,481        5,816   

Net Operating Income (3)

      

Real property-same store

     59,952        59,549        403   

Real property-2008/2007 acquisitions

     18,613        1,639        16,974   

Securities income

     6,629        12,758        (6,129

Debt related income

     8,123        7,471        652   
                        

Total net operating income

     93,317        81,417        11,900   

Other Operating Expenses

      

Depreciation and amortization expense

     43,577        37,872        5,705   

General and administrative expenses

     3,607        3,261        346   

Asset management fees, related party

     9,513        8,580        933   

Acquisition-related expenses and other gains (losses)

     2,827        —          2,827   
                        

Total other operating expenses

     59,524        49,713        9,811   

Other Income (Expenses)

      

Interest income

     2,599        9,212        (6,613

Interest expense

     (41,859     (33,211     (8,648

Gain (loss) on derivatives

     (7,997     (8,427     430   

Gain on extinguishment of debt

     —          9,309        (9,309

Other-than-temporary impairment on securities

     (13,063     (79,441     66,378   
                        

Total other income (expenses)

     (60,320     (102,558     42,238   

Net Loss

   $ (26,527   $ (70,854   $ 44,327   
                        

 

(1) Base rental revenue represents contractual base rental revenue earned by us from our tenants and does not include the impact of certain GAAP adjustments to rental revenue, such as straight-line rent adjustments, amortization of above-market intangible lease assets or the amortization of below-market lease intangible liabilities. Such GAAP adjustments and other rental revenue such as expense recovery revenue are included in the below caption, referred to as “other rental revenue.”
(2) Includes equity-in-earnings from an unconsolidated joint venture of approximately $1.7 million and $31,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
(3) For a discussion as to why we view net operating income to be an appropriate supplemental performance measure, and a reconciliation of our net operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 to our reported “Net income (loss)” for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, see Note 15 to our consolidated financial statements included in “Item 1. Financial Statements” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

 

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Rental Revenue

Total rental revenue increased approximately $23.2 million to approximately $105.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, compared to approximately $82.7 million for the same period in 2008. This increase is primarily attributable to our acquisition of 15 additional operating real properties subsequent to December 31, 2007.

Same store base rental revenue increased by approximately $1.2 million, or 2.0%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to the same period in 2008 primarily due to an increase in rates on renewing tenants and the expiration of certain rent abatement terms subsequent to September 30, 2008. This was partially offset by a decline in the occupancy of our same store portfolio of assets. As of September 30, 2009 and 2008, occupancy of our same store portfolio was approximately 93.6% and 95.0%, respectively.

Same store other rental revenue decreased by approximately $514,000, or 2.5%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to the same period in 2008. This was primarily due to an error we identified during the three months ended June 30, 2008 related to our accounting treatment of below market lease liabilities. Prior to the three months ended June 30, 2008, we valued below market leases using the non-cancelable lease terms and amortized such amounts over the same term to rental revenue. During the three months ended June 30, 2008, we corrected the error with respect to below market leases whereby the valuation and the subsequent amortization period now considers fixed-rate renewal option periods. The correction of this error resulted in a decrease to rental revenues of approximately $481,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2008. Excluding the impact of the correction of this error, same store revenue declined by approximately $995,000, or 4.8%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to the same period in 2008. This decrease, after considering the impact of the error discussed above, was primarily driven by straight-line rent adjustments that increased revenue during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 caused by significant rent abatements, which did not recur during the same period in 2009. This was partially offset by increased rental expense recovery income.

Securities Income

Securities income decreased approximately $6.1 million to approximately $6.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, compared to approximately $12.8 million for the same period in 2008. This decrease is attributable to (i) incremental amortization associated with other-than-temporary impairment related to our CRE-CDO and CMBS securities that reduced interest income by approximately $1.6 million compared to the same period in 2008, (ii) the indefinite suspension of preferred dividends by issuers of three of our preferred equity securities resulting in a decrease in securities income for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 of approximately $1.9 million compared to the same period in 2008 and (iii) the decline in the average one-month LIBOR rate over the periods, which impacts interest income on floating-rate securities investments. As of September 30, 2009 and 2008, the one-month LIBOR rate was approximately 0.25% and 3.93%, respectively. As of September 30, 2009 and 2008, approximately 43.9% and 44.2%, respectively, of our real estate securities, based on notional amounts, were floating rate securities.

Debt Related Income

Debt related income increased approximately $652,000 to approximately $8.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, compared to approximately $7.5 million for the same period in 2008. The increase in debt related income was primarily attributable to our acquisition of three debt investments subsequent to December 31, 2008. This was partially offset by a general decline in the one-month LIBOR rate, which impacts interest income on floating-rate debt related investments. Approximately 19.9% and 28.6% of our debt related investments earned interest based on a floating-rate as of September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Rental Expenses

Rental expenses increased approximately $5.8 million to approximately $27.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, from approximately $21.5 million for the same period in 2008. This increase is primarily attributable to our acquisition of 15 additional operating real properties subsequent to December 31, 2007.

Same store rental expenses increased by approximately $279,000, or 1.3%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 as compared to the same period in 2008, due primarily to increases in (i) property taxes of approximately $210,000, (ii) bad debt expenses of approximately $236,000 and (iii) an increase in property-related accounting, legal and other overhead expenses of approximately $242,000. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in insurance expense of approximately $257,000 and repair and maintenance expense of approximately $133,000.

 

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Other Operating Expenses

Depreciation and Amortization Expense

Depreciation and amortization expense increased approximately $5.7 million to approximately $43.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, compared to approximately $37.9 million for the same period in 2008. This increase is primarily attributable to our acquisition of 15 additional operating real properties subsequent to December 31, 2007.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses increased approximately $346,000 to approximately $3.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, from $3.3 million for the same period in 2008. This increase is primarily attributable to growth in stockholders, accounting fees and other general overhead expenses.

Asset Management Fees, Related Party

Asset management fees paid to our Advisor increased approximately $933,000 to approximately $9.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, from approximately $8.6 million for the same period in 2008. This increase resulted from additional investments held during the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to the same period in 2008. This increase was primarily attributable to our acquisition of 15 additional operating real properties and three debt investments subsequent to December 31, 2007, partially offset by the decline in fair value of our real estate securities.

Acquisition-Related Expenses and Other Gains (Losses)

Beginning on January 1, 2009, we are required to expense costs associated with the acquisition of real property as incurred, including acquisition fees paid to the Advisor. In addition, we are also required to estimate the fair value of contingent consideration we receive related to acquisitions of real property and record either a gain or loss to our statement of operations for changes in our estimate of fair value. During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we incurred approximately $2.8 million of acquisition-related expenses, which were primarily attributable to the acquisition of the Connecticut Avenue Office Center and the Greater DC Retail Center. This expense was comprised of acquisition fees paid to the Advisor of approximately $1.3 million and legal, closing, transfer taxes and other due diligence costs of approximately $2.5 million. This was partially offset by a gain we recorded of approximately $950,000 related to an increase in our estimated fair value of contingent consideration received related to previous real property acquisitions. Prior to January 1, 2009, acquisition-related expenses were capitalized and amortized to depreciation and amortization expense over the related life of the acquired property. In addition, prior to January 1, 2009, changes in the estimated fair value of contingent consideration were not recognized in our statements of operations until the actual consideration was realized. As a result, there were no acquisition-related expenses and other gains (losses) for the same period in 2008.

Other Income (Expenses)

Interest Income

Interest income decreased approximately $6.6 million to approximately $2.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, from approximately $9.2 million for the same period in 2008. This decrease is attributable to lower average yields on our floating-rate interest bearing bank accounts and money market mutual fund investments, which were partially offset by increased cash balances.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased approximately $8.6 million to approximately $41.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, from approximately $33.2 million for the same period in 2008. This increase resulted primarily from additional mortgage note financing we assumed or incurred subsequent to December 31, 2007, partially offset by a general decline in the one-month LIBOR rate, which impacts interest expense on floating-rate debt obligations, and the partial repayment of our margin account. The following table further describes our interest expense by debt obligation for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 (amounts in thousands).

 

     For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,
      2009    2008

Debt obligation

     

Mortgage notes

   $  36,375    $  27,135

Financing obligations

     5,292      5,059

Other secured borrowings

     192      1,017
             

Total

   $ 41,859    $ 33,211
             

 

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Gain (Loss) on Derivatives

Loss on derivatives decreased by approximately $430,000 to approximately $8.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, compared to approximately $8.4 million for the same period in 2008. During the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, we determined that it was no longer probable that previously forecasted incurrences of fixed-rate debt associated with certain of our forward starting swaps would be incurred within the timeframe specified in the corresponding hedge designation memorandum. As a result of these discontinuances of this cash flow hedges, we recognized losses on derivatives of approximately $9.1 million and $6.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. In addition, during the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, we recognized a net gain of approximately $1.6 million and a net loss approximately $1.1 million, respectively, due a change in forecasted dates of debt incurrences.

Gain on Extinguishment of Debt

During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we fully repaid floating-rate debt that had been previously secured by 17 retail properties that had been acquired as part of our New England Retail Portfolio purchased in August and October 2007. We repaid the total outstanding aggregate principal balance of approximately $121.9 million in the amount of approximately $111.5 million, representing an approximate $10.4 million discount to par, resulting in a gain of approximately $9.3 million, net of $1.1 million in unamortized deferred loan costs. We did not have any gains on extinguishment of debt during the same period in 2009.

Net Other-than-Temporary Impairment on Securities

Net other-than-temporary impairment on securities decreased approximately $66.4 million to approximately $13.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 from approximately $79.4 million for the same period in 2008. During the nine months ended September 30, 2009 we recorded net other-than-temporary impairment charges of approximately $13.1 million related to our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities. During the same period in 2008, we recorded net other-than-temporary impairment charges of approximately $32.7 million related to 21 of our preferred equity securities and approximately $46.7 million related to six of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities. See Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements included in “Item 1. Financial Statements” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further discussion of these charges.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity Outlook

Although the credit markets continue to be dislocated in the real estate sector as a result of the liquidity constraints of major lending institutions and other traditional sources of debt capital, we believe that our sources of capital are adequate to meet our short-term and long-term liquidity requirements. We believe that our existing cash balances, cash flows from operations, additional net proceeds from our distribution reimbursement plan, and prospective debt incurrences and assumptions will be sufficient to satisfy our liquidity and capital requirements for the next twelve months. Our capital requirements over the next twelve months are anticipated to include, but are not limited to, operating expenses, distribution payments, redemption payments, acquisitions of real property and debt related investments and debt service payments, including debt maturities of approximately $62.6 million, all of which are subject to certain extension options.

Lease Expirations

Our primary source of funding for our property-level operating expenses and debt service payments is rent collected pursuant to our tenant leases. Our properties are typically leased to tenants with lease terms ranging from three to 20 years. As of September 30, 2009, the weighted average remaining term of our leases was approximately 9.5 years, based on annualized base rent, and 5.2 years, based on leased square footage. The following is a schedule of expiring leases for our consolidated operating properties by annual minimum rents as of September 30, 2009 and assuming no exercise of lease renewal options (amounts in thousands).

 

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     Lease Expirations  

Year

   Annualized
Base Rent (1)
   %     Square Feet    %  

2009(2)

   $ 1,790    1.6   215    1.8

    2010

     10,687    9.3   1,172    10.0

    2011

     17,474    15.2   2,209    18.8

    2012

     13,033    11.3   1,429    12.2

    2013

     6,701    5.8   686    5.8

    2014

     12,671    11.0   1,123    9.6

    2015

     8,604    7.5   637    5.4

    2016

     5,987    5.2   878    7.5

    2017

     7,738    6.7   1,598    13.6

    2018

     2,601    2.3   458    3.9

Thereafter

     27,987    24.1   1,346    11.4
                        

Total

   $ 115,273    100.0   11,751    100.0
                        

 

(1) Annualized base rent represents the average annual rent of leases in place as of September 30, 2009, based on their respective non-cancellable terms, as of September 30, 2009.
(2) Includes leases that are on a month-to-month basis.

The global market and economic conditions have been unprecedented, challenging and unpredictable with significantly tighter credit and declining economic growth through the second quarter of 2009. These conditions have resulted in significant declines in the liquidity and value of our real estate securities relative to our original investment. Currently, the market for CMBS and CRE-CDO securities similar to ours is generally illiquid and inactive. While we have the ability and intent to hold our investments in CMBS and CRE-CDO securities until their respective maturity dates, the currently illiquid nature of these securities could inhibit our ability to potentially utilize these investments as a source of liquidity either through the sale of these securities or as collateral for a potential borrowing facility. Furthermore, we have experienced disruptions in current cash flow from our real estate securities generally caused by the deterioration of the underlying fundamentals or by credit rating agency downgrades of the underlying collateral of our CDO investments. If market conditions persist or worsen, additional disruptions in current cash flow from our real estate securities may occur.

As of September 30, 2009, we had approximately $612.1 million of cash compared to $540.2 million as of December 31, 2008. The following discussion summarizes the sources and uses of our cash during the nine months ended September 30, 2009 that resulted in the net cash increase of approximately $71.9 million.

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was approximately $38.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, which represents a decrease of approximately $10.4 million compared to net cash provided by operating activities of approximately $49.2 million for the same period in 2008. This was primarily due to (i) an increase of acquisition-related expenses of approximately $2.8 million resulting from the adoption of ASC Topic 805, (ii) decreased cash flow from interest income derived from cash accounts, (iii) decreased cash flow from our real estate securities due to the suspension of dividend and interest payments and (iv) increased interest expense due to new borrowings. This was partially offset by increased rental revenue as a result of our investment and financing activity from January 2007 through September 2009. As of September 30, 2009, seven of our 41 security positions have either suspended or deferred payments to us totaling approximately $3.6 million on an annualized basis using the applicable LIBOR rate as of September 30, 2009.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities increased approximately $82.6 million to approximately $158.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 from approximately $75.8 million for the same period in 2008. The majority of cash used for investing in real properties was attributable to real property acquisitions and investment in one debt related investment.

Real Property Acquisitions

During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we acquired two real properties for a total gross investment amount of approximately $123.2 million. These properties were acquired using a combination of (i) net proceeds from our public and private offerings (ii) subsequent debt financing and (iii) the assumption of debt financing at acquisition. For additional detail regarding these acquisitions see our section above entitled “Significant Transactions During the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009.”

 

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Debt Related Investments

During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we originated a $65.0 million senior mortgage loan secured by two hotel properties located in the Houston, Texas market. For additional detail regarding this origination see our section above entitled “Significant Transactions During the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009.”

Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities decreased approximately $84.7 million to approximately $191.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 from approximately $276.2 million for the same period in 2008. This decrease was primarily due to (i) decreased proceeds raised from our public and private offerings, (ii) increased distributions and (iii) increased cash settlements of cash flow derivatives. This decrease was partially offset by the decrease in mortgage note principal repayments.

Public Offerings

Common shares issued pursuant to our public offerings decreased by approximately 12.3 million shares to approximately 27.6 million shares for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 from 39.9 million shares for the same period in 2008. This decrease resulted in a decline in proceeds from the sale of common stock of approximately $137.2 million to approximately $237.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 from $374.2 million for the same period in 2008.

On August 3, 2009, we announced the termination of the primary portion of our public offering effective as of the close of business on September 30, 2009. We ceased accepting subscriptions to purchase our common stock effective after September 30, 2009. We will, however, continue to offer shares of common stock through our distribution reinvestment plan.

The Operating Partnership’s Private Placements

During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we raised approximately $12.2 million from the sale of fractional interests in one property. Furthermore, during the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we exercised our option to acquire, at fair value, approximately $7.9 million of previously sold fractional interests in one property for a combination of (i) approximately 747,000 OP Units issued at a price of $10.00 per OP Unit, representing approximately $7.5 million of the aggregate purchase and (ii) approximately $412,000 in cash. The result of this activity was a net increase in our financing obligations of approximately $4.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009. The various lease agreements in place as of September 30, 2009, contained expiration dates ranging from June 2019 to January 2023.

Debt Financings

Mortgage Notes — Borrowing activity, net of principal repayments, increased by approximately $80.8 million to approximately $50.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 from net repayments of approximately $30.6 million for the same period in 2008. During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we incurred or assumed approximately $90.8 million in new mortgage debt financing that was comprised of three mortgage notes secured by seven real properties. These notes are amortizing, bearing interest at a weighted average stated interest rate of approximately 6.14%, and mature between July 2014 and April 2016.

 

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The following table sets forth contractual scheduled maturities of our mortgage debt and related details, including mortgage debt that may be subject to certain extension options, as of September 30, 2009 (amounts in thousands).

 

          As of September 30, 2009

Year Ending December 31,

   Number of
Mortgage Notes
Maturing (1)
   Outstanding
Balance (2)
   Gross Investment Amount
of Properties Securing
Mortgage Notes Maturing

2009

   0    $ —      $ —  

2010

   3      62,647      86,266

2011

   2      6,999      14,630

2012

   1      21,300      27,614

2013

   0      —        —  

2014

   3      93,410      155,771

2015

   4      78,503      167,121

2016

   11      192,820      368,504

2017

   8      303,649      470,956

2018

   0      —        —  

Thereafter

   4      47,937      86,948
                  

Total

   36    $ 807,265    $ 1,377,810

 

(1) Mortgage notes presented exclude other secured borrowings, which include one note with an outstanding principal balance as of September 30, 2009 of approximately $8.0 million that matures in 2012 and approximately $5.4 million related to our securities margin account, which does not have a stated maturity date.
(2) All of the outstanding principal balances of mortgage notes maturing in 2010 are subject to extensions options, of which one note with an outstanding balance of approximately $46.5 million has extension options beyond December 31, 2011. As a result, approximately $16.1 million of our mortgage notes have maturity dates that cannot be extended beyond December 31, 2011. Mortgage notes that are subject to extension options are also subject to certain lender covenants and restrictions that we must meet to extend this maturity date. We currently cannot assert with any degree of certainty that we will qualify for these extensions upon the initial maturity date of this mortgage note.

Distributions

Distributions declared payable to common stockholders were approximately $76.7 million and $60.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Such distributions were paid following the respective quarters for which they were declared and approximately $36.4 million and $25.3 million, respectively, were paid in cash and approximately $40.3 million and $35.0 million, respectively, were reinvested in shares of our common stock pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we reported $38.8 million of cash provided by our operating activities. In accordance with ASC Topic 805, which became effective for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, this amount was reduced by $2.8 million of acquisition-related expenses which were funded from the net proceeds received from our public and private offerings. As a result, the distributions declared payable to common stockholders for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, as described above, were funded with approximately $41.6 million (excluding the impact of ASC Topic 805 as described above) and $49.2 million, respectively, from our operating activities and the remaining amounts of approximately $35.1 million and $11.1 million, respectively, were funded from our borrowings. Our long-term strategy is to fund the payment of quarterly distributions to investors entirely from our operations. There can be no assurance that we will achieve this strategy.

Redemptions

During the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, we authorized the redemption of approximately 3.9 million and 2.2 million shares of common stock, respectively, pursuant to our share redemption program. As a result, proceeds used to redeem such shares increased approximately $16.9 million to $37.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2009 from $20.0 million for the same period in 2008.

        We have historically limited the number of shares to be redeemed during any consecutive twelve month period to the lesser of (i) five percent of the number of shares of common stock outstanding at the beginning of such twelve month period (referred to herein as the “Redemption Cap”). During the first, second and third quarters of 2009, we received requests to redeem approximately 6.1 million, 5.7 million and 5.6 million shares of common stock, respectively, which exceeded our first, second and third quarter 2009 Redemption Caps of approximately 853,000, 1.3 million and 1.4 million shares of common stock, respectively, by approximately 5.3 million, 4.4 million and 4.2 million shares, respectively. Based on application of each quarters respective Redemption Cap, we redeemed, on a pro rata basis, approximately 13.9%, 22.8% and 25.2%, respectively, of the shares each stockholder requested to be redeemed for the first, second and third quarters of 2009, respectively. The above pro rata-based redemption percentages for the first, second and third quarters of 2009 exclude consideration of shares redeemed based on the event of death or disability (as such term is defined by the Code) of a stockholder. On November 6, 2009, our board of directors approved changes to our share redemption program. See Note 16 to our consolidated financial statements included in “Item 1. Financial Statements” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and “Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds - Share Redemption Program” for a description of the changes to our share redemption program.

 

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Settlement of Cash Flow Derivatives

During the nine months ended September 30, 2009, we paid $21.2 million to settle certain cash flow derivative instruments. As of September 30, 2009, we recorded a $138,000 liability related to our outstanding hedges.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of September 30, 2009, we had no material off-balance sheet arrangements that had or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity or capital resources. There are no lines of credit, side agreements, or any other derivative financial instruments related to or between our unconsolidated joint venture and us, and we believe we have no material exposure to financial guarantees.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

Fair Value Estimates of Investments in Real Estate Securities

As of September 30, 2009, our real estate securities were valued in two categories, comprised of (i) preferred equity securities and (ii) CMBS and CRE-CDOs. Our valuation procedures for each of the two categories are applied to each specific investment within their respective categories.

Preferred Equity Securities

The valuation of our investments in preferred equity securities is determined using exchange listed prices in an active market. As such, preferred equity securities fall within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Our investments in preferred equity securities had a fair value of $54.2 million and $31.6 million which represented approximately 3.0% and 2.0% of total investments as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

CMBS and CRE-CDOs

We estimate the fair value of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities using a combination of observable market information and unobservable market assumptions. Observable market information used in these fair market valuations include benchmark interest rates, interest rate curves, credit market indexes and swap curves. Unobservable market assumptions used in the determination of the fair market valuations of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments include market assumptions related to discount rates, default rates, prepayment rates, reviews of trustee or investor reports and non-binding broker quotes and pricing services in what is currently an inactive market. Additionally, we consider security-specific characteristics in determining the fair values of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments, which include consideration of credit enhancements of the underlying collateral’s average default rates, the average delinquency rate and loan-to-value, and several other characteristics. As a result, both Level 2 and Level 3 inputs are used in arriving at the valuation of our investments in CMBS and CRE-CDOs. We consider the Level 3 inputs used in determining the fair value of our investments in CMBS and CRE-CDO securities to be significant. As such, all investments in CMBS and CRE-CDO securities fall under the Level 3 category of the fair value hierarchy as of September 30, 2009. No investments in CMBS and CRE-CDO securities were transferred in or out of the Level 3 category of the fair value hierarchy during the three months ended September 30, 2009.

Our investments in CMBS and CRE-CDO investments had a fair value of $9.7 million and $20.8 million which represented approximately 0.5% and 1.3% of our total investments as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

Fair Value Estimates of Derivative Instruments

Currently, we use forward starting swaps, zero cost collars and interest rate caps to manage interest rate risk. The values of these instruments are determined using widely accepted valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow analysis of the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves and implied volatilities. The valuation methodologies are segregated into two categories of derivatives: (i) forward starting swaps and (ii) zero cost collars/interest rate caps.

 

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Forward Starting Swaps — Forward starting swaps are considered and measured at fair value as interest rate swaps. The fair values of interest rate swaps are determined using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted future fixed cash payments and the discounted expected variable cash receipts. The variable cash receipts are based on an expectation of future interest rates (i.e. forward curves) derived from observable market interest rate curves.

Zero Cost Collars/Interest Rate Caps (Interest Rate Options) — Zero cost collars and interest rate caps are considered and measured at fair value as interest rate options. The fair values of interest rate options are determined using the market standard methodology of discounting the future expected cash receipts that would occur if variable interest rates fell below or rose above the strike rate of the caps or outside of the applicable collar rates. The variable interest rates used in the calculation of projected receipts on the cap or collar rates are based on an expectation of future interest rates derived from observable market interest rate curves and volatilities.

We incorporate credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both our own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of our derivative contracts for the effect of nonperformance risk, we have considered the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings, thresholds, mutual puts and guarantees.

Our derivative instrument liabilities had a fair value of $138,000 and $27.2 million which represented less than 0.1% and 2.8% of total liabilities as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, we recorded a net gain on derivatives of approximately $16,000 and a net loss of approximately $8.0 million, respectively.

Subsequent Events

See Note 16 to our consolidated financial statements included in “Item 1. Financial Statements” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Inflation

Substantially all of our leases provide for separate real estate tax and operating expense escalations over a base amount. In addition, many of our leases provide for fixed base rent increases or indexed rent increases. We believe that inflationary increases in costs may be at least partially offset by the contractual rent increases and operating expense escalations in our leases. To date we believe that inflation has not had a material impact to our operations or overall liquidity.

Critical Accounting Policies

In addition to our critical accounting policies as set forth in Item 1 to Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on March 30, 2009, the following policies have been modified to conform to recent accounting guidance.

Acquisition Related Expenses-Real Property

In periods prior to January 1, 2009, costs associated with the acquisition of real property, including acquisition fees paid to the Advisor, were capitalized and amortized to depreciation and amortization expense over the life of the related asset. Beginning on January 1, 2009, we were required to expense costs associated with the acquisition of real property, including acquisition fees paid to the Advisor, as incurred.

CMBS and CRE-CDO Securities Impairment

On April 9, 2009, the FASB issued ASC Topic 320-10-65, Debt and Equity Securities (“ASC Topic 320-10-65”), which applies to the determination of other-than-temporary impairment for debt securities (i.e. our investments in CMBS and CRE-CDO securities). ASC Topic 320-10-65 states that an other-than-temporary impairment write-down of debt securities, where fair value is below amortized cost, is triggered in circumstances where (i) an entity has the intent to sell a security, (ii) it is more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, or (iii) the entity does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security. If an entity intends to sell a security or if it is more likely than not the entity will be required to sell the security before recovery, an other-than-temporary impairment write-down is recognized in earnings equal to the entire difference between the security’s amortized cost basis and its fair value. If an entity does not intend to sell the security or it is not more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery, the other-than-temporary impairment write-down is separated into an amount representing the credit loss, which is recognized in earnings, and the amount related to all other factors, which is recognized in other comprehensive income. Under previous accounting guidance in effect prior to April 1, 2009, we were required to have the intent and ability to hold an impaired security to recovery in order to conclude an impairment was temporary. In addition, we recognized the entire amount of difference between the amortized cost of our CMBS and CRE-CDO securities and their respective fair values in earnings. We adopted the provisions of this ASC Topic 320-10-65 as of April 1, 2009. The result of the adoption was an increase to our April 1, 2009 balance of distributions in excess of earnings by approximately $4.0 million with a corresponding decrease to accumulated other comprehensive income.

 

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In our determination of whether we will recover the entire amortized cost basis of our debt securities, we applied the provisions of ASC Topic 325-40 which requires us to determine if we believe that it is probable that there has been an adverse change in the estimated timing and/or amount of cash flows from our securities based on all relevant, available information, including information about past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. In addition, ASC Topic 325-40 requires us to consider whether we can reliably estimate the timing and amount of cash flows that we expect to receive from our securities. As of September 30, 2009, we determined that we can estimate, with a reasonable degree of certainty, cash flows related to one of our CRE-CDO investments. Furthermore, we determined that we cannot reliably estimate the timing and amount cash flows that we expect to receive related to our remaining CMBS and CRE-CDO securities. As a result, we account for such securities under the cost recovery method of accounting with respect to these CMBS and CRE-CDO securities in future periods.

For those securities for which we cannot reliably estimate cash flows and for which the estimate of fair value is less than amortized cost, we recognized the entire amount of such difference as a charge to other than temporary impairment in our statements of operations. As a result, we recognized approximately $6.4 million in other-than-temporary impairment during the three months ended September 30, 2009. In addition, the application of the cost recovery method of accounting will require that we cease to recognize interest income related to these securities until the amortized cost of each respective security is depleted. After such point, cash payments will be recorded to interest income. This will result in diminished securities income in future periods in the near term. In aggregate, we recorded net other-than-temporary impairment charges related to our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 of approximately $6.4 million and $13.1 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recorded a net other-than-temporary impairment charge of approximately $13.5 million and $46.7 million, respectively, related to certain of our CMBS and CRE-CDO investments.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 167 which will be effective for us on January 1, 2010. SFAS 167 is a revision to ASC Topic 810 and changes how a reporting entity evaluates whether an entity is considered the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity and is therefore required to consolidate such variable interest entity. SFAS No. 167 will also require assessments at each reporting period of which party within the variable interest entity is considered the primary beneficiary and will require a number of new disclosures related to variable interest entities. We are currently evaluating the impact that SFAS No. 167 will have on our financial position and results of operations upon adoption.

 

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market risk is the adverse effect on the value of assets and liabilities that results from a change in the applicable market resulting from a variety of factors such as perceived risk, interest rate changes, inflation and overall general economic changes. Our mortgage note borrowings and derivative instruments are financial instruments that are most significantly and directly impacted by changes in their respective market conditions.

Debt Obligations

As of September 30, 2009, we had total outstanding debt and short-term borrowings of approximately $820.6 million. As of September 30, 2009, we had approximately $76.0 million of variable rate mortgage note debt and other secured borrowings outstanding indexed to LIBOR rates and the federal funds overnight rate. If the prevailing index rates relevant to our remaining variable rate debt and other secured borrowings were to increase 10%, we estimate that interest expense would increase by approximately $4,000 and $11,000 for a three and nine month period, respectively, based on our outstanding floating-rate debt as of September 30, 2009.

 

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

The Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s President and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2009. Based on that evaluation, the Company’s President and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2009. There were no material changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended September 30, 2009.

 

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are not aware of any material pending legal proceedings.

 

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There has been no material change in our risk factors as previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1.A., Risk Factors, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 as filed with the Commission on March 30, 2009 as updated under Item 1A of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2009 as filed with the Commission on August 13, 2009.

 

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Share Redemption Program

We have established a share redemption program (the “Program”) that provides our stockholders with limited interim liquidity. The Program will be immediately terminated if our shares of common stock are listed on a national securities exchange or if a secondary market is otherwise established. On November 6, 2009, our board of directors approved changes to our Program and on November 13, 2009 we sent the required 30-day written notification to stockholders pursuant to the terms of the Program. The changes to the Program will be effective beginning with share redemption requests made during the fourth quarter of 2009 and are described below. The following description of the Program is a summary of the Program that was in effect during the third quarter of 2009.

After our stockholders have held shares of our common stock for a minimum of one year, our Program may provide a limited opportunity for our stockholders to have their shares of common stock redeemed, subject to certain restrictions and limitations, at a price equal to or at a discount from the purchase price of the shares of our common stock being redeemed and the amount of the discount will vary based upon the length of time that our stockholders have held their shares of our common stock subject to redemption, as described in the following table, which has been posted on our website at www.totalrealtytrust.com:

 

Share Purchase Anniversary

   Redemption Price as a
Percentage of Purchase Price
 

Less than 1 year

   No Redemption Allowed   

1 year

   92.5

2 years

   95.0

3 years

   97.5

4 years and longer

   100.0

In the event that a stockholder seeks to redeem all of its shares of our common stock, shares of our common stock purchased pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan may be excluded from the foregoing one-year holding period requirement at the discretion of the board of directors. If a stockholder has made more than one purchase of our common stock (other than through our distribution reinvestment plan), the one-year holding period will be calculated separately with respect to each such purchase. In addition, for purposes of the one-year holding period, holders of OP Units who exchange their OP Units for shares of our common stock shall be deemed to have owned their shares as of the date they were issued their OP Units. The board of directors reserves the right in its sole discretion at any time and from time to time to (i) waive the one-year holding period in the event of the death or disability (as such term is defined in the Code) of a stockholder, as well as the annual limitation discussed below, (ii) reject any request for redemption for any reason or no reason, or (iii) reduce the number of shares of our common stock allowed to be purchased under the Program. At any time we are engaged in an offering of shares of our common stock, the per share price for shares of our common stock redeemed under our Program will never be greater than the then-current offering price of our shares of our common stock sold in the primary offering.

        We are not obligated to redeem shares of our common stock under the Program. Prior to the amendments described below, we intended to limit the number of shares to be redeemed during any consecutive twelve month period to no more than five percent of the number of shares of common stock outstanding at the beginning of such twelve month period (referred to herein as the “Redemption Cap”). The aggregate amount of redemptions under our Program is not expected to exceed the aggregate proceeds received from the sale of shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. During the first, second and third quarters of 2009, we received requests to redeem approximately 6.1 million, 5.7 million and 5.6 million shares of common stock, respectively, which exceeded our first, second and third quarter 2009 Redemption Caps of approximately 853,000, 1.3 million and 1.4 million shares of common stock, respectively, by approximately 5.3 million, 4.4 million and 4.2 million shares, respectively. Based on application of the Redemption Caps, we redeemed, on a pro rata basis, approximately 13.9%, 22.8% and 25.2%, respectively, of the shares each stockholder requested to be redeemed for the first, second and third quarters of 2009, respectively. The above pro rata-based redemption percentages for the first, second and third quarters of 2009 exclude consideration of shares redeemed based on the event of death or disability (as such term is defined by the Code) of a stockholder. Pursuant to the terms of our Program, our board of directors, in its sole discretion, may at any time and from time to time waive the applicable Redemption Cap in the event of a death or disability (as such term is defined by the Code) of a stockholder. Our board of directors also reserves the right in its sole discretion at any time and from time to time to reject any request for redemption for any reason or no reason.

To the extent that the aggregate proceeds received from the sale of shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan are not sufficient to fund redemption requests pursuant to the Redemption Cap, the board of directors may, in its sole discretion, choose to use other sources of funds to redeem shares of our common stock. Such sources of funds could include cash on hand, cash available from borrowings and cash from liquidations of securities investments as of the end of the applicable quarter, to the extent that such funds are not otherwise dedicated to a particular use, such as working capital, cash distributions to stockholders, purchases of real property, real estate securities or debt related investments, or redemptions of OP Units. The board of directors may, but is not

 

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obligated to, also increase the Redemption Cap but, may only do so in reliance on an applicable no-action letter issued by SEC staff that would allow such an increase. There can be no assurance that the board of directors will increase the Redemption Cap at any time, nor can there be assurance that we will seek such relief or will be able to obtain such relief if sought. In any event, the number of shares of our common stock that we may redeem will be limited by the funds available from purchases pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan, cash on hand, cash available from borrowings and cash from liquidations of securities or debt related investments as of the end of the applicable quarter.

The board of directors may, in its sole discretion, amend, suspend, or terminate the Program at any time if it determines that the funds available to fund the Program are needed for other business or operational purposes or that amendment, suspension or termination of the Program is in the best interest of our stockholders. Any amendment, suspension or termination of the Program will not affect the rights of holders of OP Units to cause us to redeem their OP Units for, at our sole discretion, shares of our common stock, cash, or a combination of both pursuant to the Operating Partnership Agreement of the Operating Partnership. In addition, the board of directors may determine to modify the Program to redeem shares at the then-current net asset value per share (provided that any offering will then also be conducted at net asset value per share), as calculated in accordance with policies and procedures developed by our board of directors. If the board of directors decides to amend, suspend or terminate the Program, we will provide stockholders with no less than 30 days’ prior written notice. Therefore, our stockholders may not have the opportunity to make a redemption request prior to any potential suspension or termination of our Program.

As noted above, on November 6, 2009, our board of directors approved changes to our Program and on November 13, 2009 we sent the required 30-day written notification to stockholders pursuant to the terms of the Program. The changes to the Program will be effective beginning with share redemption requests made during the fourth quarter of 2009 and include:

 

   

Redemption Limit — We historically have honored redemption requests based on the Redemption Cap. While the Redemption Cap will continue, beginning with the fourth quarter of 2009, the limit on the amount of shares to be redeemed in any calendar quarter will be the lesser of (i) 1/4th of 5% of shares outstanding a year earlier or (ii) the number shares issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment program in the prior quarter. Therefore, the fourth quarter redemption limit is expected to be approximately 1.4 million shares (the number of shares issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment program in the third quarter of 2009). Our board of directors will maintain its right to redeem additional shares subject to the Redemption Cap if it deems it to be in the best interest of our stockholders.

 

   

Death & Disability — We have amended the Program such that upon an event of death, and, if approved by the board of directors in its sole discretion, upon the disability of a stockholder, shares may be redeemed regardless of the one year holding period or the limitations and the Redemption Cap. Furthermore, if the one year holding period is waived for death and disability exceptions, such shares will be redeemed at a discount equal to the one year anniversary discount (92.5%) described in the Program.

 

   

Stockholder Eligibility — We have amended the Program to, on a going-forward basis, limit redemption rights to stockholders who have purchased their shares from us or received their shares through a non-cash transaction (other than in the secondary market pursuant to a transaction effected after December 17, 2009), or received shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment program.

In aggregate, as of September 30, 2009, we had redeemed approximately 10.2 million shares of common stock pursuant to our Program for approximately $94.5 million. The below table describes shares of common stock redeemed during the past three months.

 

Month Ended,

   Total Number of
Shares Redeemed
   Average Price
of Share
   Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans or
Programs
   Estimated
Maximum Number of
Shares that May Yet
Be Purchased Under
the Plan’s
Program (1)

July 31, 2009

   —        —      —      —  

August 31, 2009

   —        —      —      —  

September 30, 2009

   1,703,992      9.40    1,703,992    —  
                     

Total

   1,703,992    $ 9.40    1,703,992    1,441,183
                     

 

(1) This represents the number of shares that could be redeemed for the three months ended December 31, 2009 without exceeding the Redemption Cap discussed above.

 

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

 

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ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

None.

 

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

 

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

 

  a. Exhibits

 

  3.1    Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. Fifth Articles of Amendment and Restatement.†
  3.2    Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. Second Amended and Restated Bylaws. †
  4.1    Second Amended and Restated Distribution Reinvestment Plan. †
  4.2    Third Amended and Restated Share Redemption Program†
10.1    Seventh Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement. †
31.1    Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer*
31.2    Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer*
32.1    Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer*
32.2    Section 1350 Certification of Chief Financial Officer*

 

†   Previously filed.

*  Filed herewith.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

      DIVIDEND CAPITAL TOTAL REALTY TRUST INC.
Date: November 13, 2009      

/s/    GUY M. ARNOLD

      Guy M. Arnold
      President
Date: November 13, 2009      

/s/    M. KIRK SCOTT

      M. Kirk Scott
      Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX

 

  3.1    Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. Fifth Articles of Amendment and Restatement.†
  3.2    Dividend Capital Total Realty Trust Inc. Second Amended and Restated Bylaws. †
  4.1    Second Amended and Restated Distribution Reinvestment Plan. †
  4.2    Third Amended and Restated Share Redemption Program†
10.1    Seventh Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement. †
31.1    Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer*
31.2    Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer*
32.1    Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer*
32.2    Section 1350 Certification of Chief Financial Officer*

 

Previously filed.
* Filed herewith.

 

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