Revenue from Contract with Customer

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue from Contract with Customer

Revenue

Voyage charters

In a voyage charter contract, the charterer hires the vessel to transport a specific agreed-upon cargo for a single voyage, which may contain multiple load ports and discharge ports. The consideration in such a contract is determined on the basis of a freight rate per metric ton of cargo carried or occasionally on a lump sum basis. The charter party generally has a minimum amount of cargo. The charterer is liable for any short loading of cargo or "dead" freight. The voyage contract generally has standard payment terms of 95% freight paid within three days after completion of loading. The voyage charter party generally has a "demurrage" or "despatch" clause. As per this clause, the charterer reimburses the Company for any delays that exceed the agreed to laytime at the ports visited, with the amounts recorded as demurrage revenue. Conversely, the charterer is given credit if the loading/discharging activities happen within the allowed laytime which is known as despatch and results in a reduction of revenue. In a voyage charter contract, the performance obligations begin to be satisfied once the vessel begins loading the cargo. The Company determined that its voyage charter contracts consist of a single performance obligation of transporting the cargo within a specified time period. Therefore, the performance obligation is met evenly as the voyage progresses, and the revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the voyage days from the commencement of the loading of cargo to completion of discharge.

The voyage contracts are considered service contracts which fall under the provisions of ASC 606 because the Company, as the shipowner, retains control over the operations of the vessel such as directing the routes taken or the vessel speed. The voyage contracts generally have variable consideration in the form of demurrage or despatch. The amount of revenue earned as demurrage or despatch paid by the Company for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 was $11.7 million and $3.9 million, respectively.

The following table shows the revenues earned from time charters and voyage charters for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021:

	Three Months Ended
(In thousands)	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Time charters	$	77,974	$	29,240
Voyage charters	106,424		67,332
	$	184,398	$	96,572

Contract costs

In a voyage charter contract, the Company bears all voyage related costs such as fuel costs, port charges and canal tolls. These costs are considered contract fulfillment costs because the costs are direct costs related to the performance of the contract and are expected to be recovered. The costs incurred during the period prior to commencement of loading the cargo, primarily bunkers, are deferred as they represent setup costs and recorded as a Current asset and are amortized on a straight-line basis as the related performance obligations are satisfied. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company recognized $0.8 million and $0.5 million, respectively, of deferred costs which represents bunker expenses and charter-hire expenses incurred prior to commencement of loading. These costs are recorded in Other current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.