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Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Significant Accounting Policies
Significant Accounting Policies:
 
(a)
Principles of Consolidation: The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and include the accounts of Eagle Bulk Shipping Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions were eliminated upon consolidation. 
    
(b)
Use of Estimates: The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates include vessel valuations, residual value of vessels, the useful lives of vessels, the value of stock-based compensation and the fair value of derivatives. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

(c)
Other Comprehensive loss: The Company records the fair value of interest rate swaps and foreign currency swaps designated as hedges as an asset or liability on the balance sheet. The effective portion of the swap is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss. Historically, the Company also recorded the unrealized gains and losses on its available for sale investments in accumulated other comprehensive loss. The Company did not have any swaps or available for sale investments as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.

(d)
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash: The Company considers liquid investments such as time deposits and certificates of deposit with an original maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Restricted Cash amounting to $74,917 is collateralizing a letter of credit as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.

(e)
Accounts Receivable: Accounts receivable includes receivables from charterers for hire and voyage charterers. At each balance sheet date, all potentially uncollectible accounts are assessed for purposes of determining the appropriate provision for doubtful accounts.

(f)
Insurance Claims: Insurance claims are recorded as incurred and represent the claimable expenses, net of deductibles, incurred through each balance sheet date, which are expected to be recovered from insurance companies.

(g)
Inventories: Inventories, which consist of bunkers, are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined on a first-in, first-out method. Lubes and spares are expensed as incurred. We adopted Accounting Standard Update No. 2015-11, “Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory” prospectively effective January 1, 2017 that requires the inventory to be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. There was no impact on the consolidated financial statements as a result of the adoption of the new accounting standard.

(h)
Short-term Investments: The Company considers liquid investments such as certificate of deposits with an original maturity of greater than three months as investments. As of December 31, 2017, the Company had $4.5 million in a certificate of deposit with an original maturity of one year. Prior to December 2016, the Company held an investment in the capital stock of Korea Line Corporation (“KLC”). This investment was designated as Available For Sale (“AFS”) and reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses recorded in stockholders’ equity as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss.

(i)
Vessels and vessel improvements, at cost: Vessels are stated at cost, which consists of the contract price, and other direct costs relating to acquiring and placing the vessels in service. Major vessel improvements are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining useful lives of the vessels. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the vessels based on the cost of the vessels reduced by the estimated scrap value of the vessels as discussed below.

(j)
Vessel lives and Impairment of Long-Lived Assets: The Company estimates the useful life of the Company's vessels to be 25 years from the date of initial delivery from the shipyard to the original owner. The useful lives of the Company's vessels are evaluated to determine if events have occurred which would require modification to their useful lives. In addition, the Company estimates the scrap value of the vessels to be $300 per light weight ton ("lwt") based on the 15-year average scrap value of steel. 

The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. When the estimate of undiscounted cash flows, excluding interest charges, expected to be generated by the use of the asset is less than its carrying amount, the Company will evaluate the asset for an impairment loss. Measurement of the impairment loss is based on the fair value of the asset as provided by third parties or discounted cash flow analysis. In this respect, management regularly reviews the carrying amount of the vessels in connection with the estimated recoverable amount for each of the Company's vessels. We did not recognize a vessel impairment charge for the year ended December 31, 2017. For the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, we recognized impairment charges of $129.0 million and $50.9 million, respectively. Refer to Note 4 - Vessels and vessel improvements for further discussion.

(k)
Accounting for Drydocking Costs: The Company follows the deferral method of accounting for drydocking costs whereby actual costs incurred are deferred and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the period through the date the next drydocking is required to become due, generally 30 months if the vessels are 15 years old or more and 60 months for the vessels younger than 15 years. Costs deferred as part of the drydocking include direct costs that are incurred as part of the drydocking to meet regulatory requirements. Certain costs are capitalized during drydocking if they are expenditures that add economic life to the vessel, increase the vessel’s earnings capacity or improve the vessel’s efficiency. Direct costs that are deferred include the shipyard costs, parts, inspection fees, steel, blasting and painting. Expenditures for normal maintenance and repairs, whether incurred as part of the drydocking or not, are expensed as incurred. Unamortized drydocking costs of vessels that are sold are written off and included in the calculation of the resulting gain or loss in the year of the vessels’ sale. Unamortized drydocking costs are written off as drydocking expense if the vessels are drydocked before the expiration of the applicable amortization period.

(l)
Deferred Financing Costs: Fees incurred for obtaining new loans or refinancing existing ones are deferred and amortized to interest expense over the life of the related debt using the effective interest method. Unamortized deferred financing costs are written off when the related debt is repaid or refinanced and such amounts are expensed in the period the repayment or refinancing is made. Such amounts are classified as a reduction of the long-term debt balance on the consolidated balance sheets. For our Super Senior Revolver Facility, as no amounts have been drawn, deferred financing fees of $190,000 have been classified as a non-current asset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(m)
Other fixed assets: Other fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is based on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the asset. Other fixed assets consist principally of leasehold improvements, computers and software and are depreciated over 3-10 years.

(n)
Accounting for Revenues and Expenses: Revenues generated from time charters and/or revenues generated from profit sharing arrangements are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the respective time charter agreements as service is provided and the profit sharing is fixed and determinable. Revenues generated from time charters linked to the Baltic Supramax index and/or revenues generated from profit sharing arrangements are recognized over the term of the respective time charter agreements as service is provided and the profit sharing is fixed and determinable.

Under voyage charters, voyage revenues for cargo transportation are recognized ratably over the estimated relative transit time of each voyage. Voyage revenue is deemed to commence upon the completion of discharge of the previous charterer’s cargo and is deemed to end upon the completion of discharge of the current cargo, provided an agreed non-cancellable charter between the Company and the charterer is in existence, the charter rate is fixed and determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. Revenue under voyage charters will not be recognized until a charter has been agreed even if the vessel has discharged its previous cargo and is proceeding to an anticipated port of loading.

Under voyage charters, voyage expenses such as bunkers, port charges, canal tolls, cargo handling operations and brokerage commissions are paid by the Company whereas, under time charters, such voyage costs are paid by the Company's customers. Vessel operating costs include crewing, vessel maintenance and vessel insurance. All voyage and vessel operating expenses are expensed as incurred on an accrual basis, except for commissions. Commissions are recognized over the related time or voyage charter period since commissions are earned as the Company's revenues are earned. Probable losses on voyages are provided for in full at the time such loss can be estimated.

For the Company’s vessels operating in a pool, revenues and voyage expenses are pooled and allocated to each pool participant under a time charter agreement basis in accordance with an agreed-upon formula. The formula in the pool agreement for allocating gross shipping revenues net of voyage expenses is based on points allocated to participants’ vessels based on cargo carrying capacity and other technical characteristics, such as speed and fuel consumption. The selection of charterers, negotiation of rates and collection of related receivables and the payment of voyage expenses, which include the cost of bunkers and port expenses, are the responsibility of the pool. The operating costs including crews, maintenance and insurance are typically paid by the owner of the vessel. The pool may enter into contracts that earn either voyage charter revenue or time charter revenue. Since the members of the pool share in the revenue less voyage expenses generated by the entire group of vessels in the pool, and the pool operates in the spot market, the revenue earned by these vessels is subject to the fluctuations of the spot market. The Company recognizes revenue from this pool arrangement based on its portion of the net distributions reported by the pool, which represents the net voyage revenue of the pool after voyage expenses and pool manager fees. The Company had one vessel operating in a pool in 2017 until April 2017. The Company had one vessel operating in a pool in 2016 and thirteen vessels in 2015.

(o)
Unearned Charter Hire Revenue: Unearned charter hire revenue represents cash received from charterers prior to the time such amounts are earned. These amounts are recognized as revenue as services are provided in future periods.

(p)
Repairs and Maintenance: All repair and maintenance expenses are expensed as incurred and are recorded in Vessel Expenses.

(q)
Protection and Indemnity Insurance: The Company’s Protection and Indemnity Insurance is subject to additional premiums referred to as "back calls" or "supplemental calls" which are accounted for on an accrual basis and are recorded in Vessel Expenses.

(r)
Earnings Per Share: Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net income or loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the impact of stock options, warrants and restricted stock under the treasury stock method unless their impact is anti-dilutive.

(s)
Interest Rate Risk Management: The Company is exposed to the impact of interest rate changes for outstanding debt under the New First Lien Facility and the Ultraco Debt Facility. The Company's objective is to manage the impact of interest rate changes on earnings and cash flows of its borrowings. The Company may use interest rate swaps to manage net exposure to interest rate changes related to its borrowings.

(t)
Federal Taxes: The Company is a Republic of the Marshall Islands Corporation. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company believes that its operations qualify for Internal Revenue Code Section 883 exemption and therefore are not subject to United States federal taxes on United States source shipping income. The Company recorded $0.6 million in such taxes as component of voyage expenses for the year ended December 31, 2016 which were reversed in second quarter of 2017 upon the determination that the Company qualified for Internal Revenue Code Section 883 exemption. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company did not qualify for the Section 883 exemption and therefore incurred taxes of $0.3 million on United States source shipping income which was included in voyage expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

(u)
Restructuring charges: Restructuring charges consist of professional fees for advisors and attorneys who assisted the Company in the debt restructuring relative to the First Lien Facility in 2016.

(v)
Stock-based compensation: The Company issues stock-based compensation utilizing both stock options and stock grants. Stock-based compensation is recognized using the fair value of the award at the date of grant over the period of vesting on a straight-line basis using the graded vesting method. Forfeitures are recognized as they occur.

Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Standards
 
In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging ("ASU-2017-12"), which is intended to align the results of the cash flow and fair value hedge accounting with the risk management activities of an entity. The amendments expand the hedge accounting for both financial and non-financial risk components and they reduce the operational burden of applying hedge accounting. The amendment enables the financial statements to reflect accurately the intent and outcome of its hedging strategies. ASU 2017-12 requires a modified retrospective transition method in which the Company will recognize the cumulative effect of the change on the opening balance of each affected component of equity in the consolidated balance sheet as of the date of adoption. The Standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods with those fiscal years. The Company is evaluating the potential impact of the adoption of this standard on its consolidated financial statements.


In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-11, Earnings per share ("ASU 2017-11), which changes the classification of certain equity-linked financial instruments with down round features. As a result, a free standing equity-linked financial instrument or an embedded conversion option would not be accounted for as a derivative liability at fair value as a result of existence of down round feature. For freestanding equity classified financial instruments, the amendment requires the entities to recognize the effect of the downround feature when triggered in its earnings per share calculations. The standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company currently is not expecting any impact as a result of adoption of this accounting standard on its consolidated financial statements.
    

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation ("ASU 2017-09"), which provides guidance about what changes to the terms and conditions of a stock award require an entity to apply modification accounting as per ASC 718. An entity should account for effects of modification unless (i) the fair value of the modified award is the same as the fair value of the original award (ii) the vesting conditions of the modified award are the same as the vesting conditions of the original award (iii) the classification of the modified award as an equity instrument or a liability instrument is the same as the classification of the original award. The standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is currently not expecting any impact as a result of adoption of this accounting standard on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-1, “Business Combinations (Topic 805).” The amendments in this update are intended to clarify the definition of business. The current guidance specifies three elements of a business – inputs, processes, and outputs. The new guidance provides a screen to determine when a set (defined as an integrated set of assets and activities) is not a business. The ASU requires that, to be a business, the set must include, at a minimum, an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create outputs. The screen requires that when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not a business. This screen reduces the number of transactions that need to be further evaluated. The standard is effective to annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. The Company is evaluating the potential impact of the adoption of this standard on its consolidated financial statements.
    
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2014-09”), which supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. The core principle is that a company should recognize revenue when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 defines a five-step process to achieve this core principle and, in doing so, more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than are required under existing U.S. GAAP. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods therein, and shall be applied either retrospectively to each period presented or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. This update provides further guidance on applying collectability criterion to assess whether the contract is valid and represents a substantive transaction on the basis whether a customer has the ability and intention to pay the promised consideration. The requirements of this standard include an increase in required disclosures. Management has assembled an internal project team and is currently analyzing contracts with our customers covering the significant streams of the Company's annual revenues under the provisions of the new standard as well as changes necessary to information technology systems, processes and internal controls to capture new data and address changes in financial reporting. Management will apply the modified retrospective transition method and will recognize the cumulative effect of adopting this standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of January 1, 2018. Prior periods will not be retrospectively adjusted. The Company continues to make progress in its implementation and assessment of the new revenue standard. While the assessment is still ongoing, based on the progress made to date, the Company expects that the timing of recognition of revenue for certain ongoing charter contracts will be impacted as well as the timing of recognition of certain voyage related costs. While the assessment of certain effects of the adoption of the ASU 2014-09 are ongoing, the timing of recognition will primarily impact spot voyage charters. Under ASU 2014-09, revenue will be recognized from when the vessel arrives at the load port until the completion of discharge at the discharge port instead of recognizing revenue from the discharge of the previous voyage provided an agreed non-cancellable charter between the Company and the charterer is in existence, the charter rate is fixed and determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. The financial impact of adoption will depend on the number of spot voyages and time charter arrangements as well as their percentage of completion at January 1, 2018. The Company expects that the adoption of ASU 2014-09 will result in an increase in the opening Accumulated Deficit balance as of January 1, 2018 in the Consolidated Balance Sheet of approximately $0.5 million to $1.3 million as a result of the adjustment of Revenue and Voyage expenses. The above estimate could potentially change upon further evaluation. Additionally, the Company is currently evaluating the adjustment, if any, to other expenses such as Vessel expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and the additional presentation and disclosure requirements of ASU 2014-09 on our consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases ("ASU 2016-02"). ASU 2016-02 is intended to increase the transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. In order to meet that objective, the new standard requires recognition of the assets and liabilities that arise from leases. A lessee will be required to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for leases with lease terms of more than 12 months. Accounting by lessors will remain largely unchanged from current U.S. GAAP. The requirements of this standard include an increase in required disclosures. The new standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those years, with early adoption permitted. Lessees and lessors will be required to apply the new standard at the beginning of the earliest period presented in the financial statements in which they first apply the new guidance, using a modified retrospective transition method. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that adopting this standard will have on our financial statements and related disclosures. Management expects that the Company will recognize increases in reported amounts for vessel and other fixed assets and related lease liabilities upon adoption of the new standard. The impact to the Company’s financial statements will depend upon the amount of vessels the Company has chartered in, as well as the length and nature of such charters. Refer to “Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies” to the consolidated financial statements for disclosure about the Company’s time charter and lease commitments as of December 31, 2017.
 
In August 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) - Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments.” The new guidance is intended to provide specific guidance on cash flow classification issues such as debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs, settlement of zero coupon debt instruments or cases where the coupon interest rate is insignificant compared to the effective interest rate of the borrowing, contingent consideration payments in a business combination, proceeds from insurance claim settlements and distributions received by equity method investees. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those annual periods. The amendments should be applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. At this time, the Company expects to reclassify $17.7 million of accumulated payment-in-kind interest paid upon the discharge of the Second Lien Facility (defined herein) currently recorded as a use of cash from financing activities, as a use of cash from operating activities in the fourth quarter of 2018 upon adoption of this accounting standard.

In November 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows- Restricted Cash”. The amendments in this Update require that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, the restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company will include $74,917 of restricted cash within cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period totals shown on the consolidated statement of cash flows upon adoption of this standard.