EX-99.2 3 exhibit99-2.htm EXHIBIT 99.2 Hudbay Minerals Inc.: Exhibit 99.2 - Filed by newsfilecorp.com

 

Management's Discussion and Analysis of

Results of Operations and Financial Condition

For the three and six months ended

June 30, 2022

 

 

August 8, 2022



TABLE OF CONTENTS Page

 
Introduction 1
Our Business 1
Summary of Results 2
Key Financial Results 5
Key Production Results 6
Key Costs Results 7
Recent Developments 8
Peru Operations Review 11
Manitoba Operations Review 16
Financial Review 24
Liquidity and Capital Resources 34
Trend Analysis and Quarterly Review 39
Non-IFRS Financial Performance Measures 41
Accounting Changes and Critical Estimates 56
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 56
Notes to Reader 56
Summary of Historical Results 59


INTRODUCTION

This Management's Discussion and Analysis ("MD&A") dated August 8, 2022 is intended to supplement Hudbay Minerals Inc.'s unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements and related notes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 (the "consolidated interim financial statements"). The consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS"), including International Accounting Standard 34, Interim Financial Reporting, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB").

References to "Hudbay", the "Company", "we", "us", "our" or similar terms refer to Hudbay Minerals Inc. and its direct and indirect subsidiaries as at June 30, 2022.

Readers should be aware that:

- This MD&A contains certain "forward-looking statements" and "forward-looking information" (collectively, "forward-looking information") that are subject to risk factors set out in a cautionary note contained in our MD&A.

- This MD&A has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the securities laws in effect in Canada, which may differ materially from the requirements of United States securities laws applicable to US issuers.

- We use a number of non-IFRS financial performance measures in our MD&A.

- This MD&A includes a discussion of the results of a preliminary economic assessment of the Copper World Complex. The preliminary economic assessment is preliminary in nature, includes inferred resources that are considered too speculative geologically to have the economic considerations applied to them that would enable them to be categorized as mineral reserves and there is no certainty the preliminary economic assessment will be realized.

- The technical and scientific information in this MD&A has been approved by qualified persons based on a variety of assumptions and estimates.

For a discussion of each of the above matters, readers are urged to review the "Notes to Reader" discussion beginning on page 56 of this MD&A.

Additional information regarding Hudbay, including the risks related to our business and those that are reasonably likely to affect our consolidated financial statements in the future, is contained in our continuous disclosure materials, including our most recent Annual Information Form ("AIF"), consolidated interim financial statements and Management Information Circular available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com and on EDGAR at www.sec.gov.

All amounts are in US dollars unless otherwise noted.

 

OUR BUSINESS

We are a diversified mining company with long-life assets in North and South America. Our operations in Cusco (Peru) produce copper with gold, silver and molybdenum by-products. Our operations in Manitoba (Canada) produce gold with copper, zinc and silver by-products. We have an organic pipeline that includes copper development projects in Arizona and Nevada (United States), and our growth strategy is focused on the exploration, development, operation, and optimization of properties we already control, as well as other mineral assets we may acquire that fit our strategic criteria. We are governed by the Canada Business Corporations Act and our shares are listed under the symbol "HBM" on the Toronto Stock Exchange, New York Stock Exchange and Bolsa de Valores de Lima.


SUMMARY

Strong Operating and Financial Results

- Full year 2022 production and operating cost guidance is reaffirmed as second quarter production was in line with expectations and Hudbay achieved strong unit operating cost performance despite inflationary pressures from higher input prices for many services and consumables.

- Second quarter net earnings and earnings per share were $32.1 million and $0.12, respectively. After adjusting for a non-cash gain of $60.7 million primarily related to a quarterly revaluation of our Flin Flon environmental provision given higher long-term risk-free discount rates, and a $95.0 million pre-tax impairment loss related to certain specific capitalized costs and assets associated with the previous stand-alone development plan for the Rosemont deposit, among other items, second quarter adjusted net earnings1 per share were $0.12.

- Operating cash flow before change in non-cash working capital was $123.9 million and adjusted EBITDA1 was $141.4 million in the second quarter of 2022, benefiting from strong realized zinc prices and higher gold sales volumes, compared to the same period in 2021.

- Consolidated production in the second quarter included 25,668 tonnes of copper and 58,645 ounces of gold, an increase from the first quarter of 2022. Consolidated cash cost and all-in sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits1, were $0.65 and $1.93, respectively, a significant decrease from the first quarter of 2022.

- Peru delivered strong operating performance in the second quarter with copper production of 20,880 tonnes as mill throughput and copper grades improved over the first quarter of 2022.

- Manitoba achieved second quarter gold production of 44,787 ounces at a cash cost per ounce of gold produced, net of by-product credits1, of negative $207 as New Britannia achieved higher than targeted throughput rates and gold recoveries continue to improve.

- After 18 years of steady production at our 777 mine in Manitoba, the final reserves were depleted in June 2022, consistent with the mine plan. Closure activities to safely decommission the 777 mine, the Flin Flon concentrator and the zinc plant commenced in the second quarter and are advancing ahead of schedule.

- Cash increased by $45.2 million during the second quarter to $258.6 million, as at June 30, 2022, mainly as a result of $165.6 million of cash generated from operations, partially offset by $78.9 million of mostly sustaining capital investments, an $18.6 million payment toward the gold prepayment liability and a $10.0 million scheduled deferred payment related to the acquisition of the former minority partner's interest in Rosemont.

Executing on Growth Initiatives

- Recently released the results of the Copper World Complex preliminary economic assessment ("PEA") which entails a two-phase mine plan that has an after-tax net present value (10%) of $1,296 million and generates an 18% internal rate of return at $3.50 per pound copper.2

- Advancing a pre-feasibility study for Phase I of the Copper World Complex, which will focus on converting the remaining inferred mineral resources to measured and indicated and evaluating many of the project optimization and upside opportunities.

- Exploration agreement on the Maria Reyna and Caballito satellite properties in Peru is nearing completion.

- Released our 19th Annual Sustainability Report in June 2022 discussing our key accomplishments and initiatives in 2021, and the Company is currently working toward specific emission reduction targets to align with the global 2030 and 2050 climate change goals.


1 Adjusted net earnings (loss) and adjusted net earnings (loss) per share, adjusted EBITDA, cash cost, sustaining cash cost, all-in sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits, cash cost, sustaining cash cost per ounce of gold produced, net of by-product credits, and net debt are non-IFRS financial performance measures with no standardized definition under IFRS. For further information and a detailed reconciliation, please see the discussion under the "Non-IFRS Financial Reporting Measures" section of this MD&A.

2 The preliminary economic assessment for the Copper World Complex is preliminary in nature, includes inferred resources that are considered too speculative geologically to have the economic considerations applied to them that would enable them to be categorized as mineral reserves and there is no certainty the preliminary economic assessment will be realized.


Summary of Second Quarter Results

Cash generated from operating activities in the second quarter of 2022 increased to $165.6 million compared to $96.4 million in the same quarter of 2021. The increase is primarily the result of an increase in our non-cash working capital, higher realized zinc metal prices and higher gold sales volumes partially offset by lower base metal sales volumes, higher mine operating costs due to inflationary pressures and higher profit sharing. Operating cash flow before change in non-cash working capital was $123.9 million during the second quarter of 2022, reflecting a decrease of $8.9 million compared to the same period of 2021. The lower operating cash flow before changes in non-cash working capital in the second quarter of 2022 was largely due to higher mine operating costs and higher profit sharing partially offset by higher zinc prices.

Consolidated copper production in the second quarter of 2022 increased by 9% compared to the same period in 2021 primarily as a result of higher throughput, grades and recoveries in Peru and Manitoba. Consolidated gold production in the second quarter of 2022 increased by 47% compared to the second quarter of 2021, due to higher gold grades from Pampacancha and higher gold grades at Lalor coupled with significantly higher gold recoveries at New Britannia. Consolidated zinc production in the quarter decreased by 21%, versus the comparative quarter in 2021, primarily due to the continued transition toward mining the gold lenses at Lalor and a corresponding decrease of production from the base metal zones. Consolidated silver production in the second quarter increased by 26% compared to the same period in 2021, as a result of higher grades from Lalor and Constancia offset by lower recoveries in Peru.

Net earnings and earnings per share in the second quarter of 2022 were $32.1 million and $0.12, respectively, compared to a net loss and loss per share of $3.4 million and $0.01, respectively, in the second quarter of 2021. Second quarter earnings benefited from a non-cash gain of $60.7 million mostly related to the quarterly revaluation of our Flin Flon environmental provision, which was impacted by rising long-term risk-free discount rates. Given the long term nature of the reclamation cash flows, the related environmental provision is highly sensitive to changes in long-term risk-free discount rates and, as such, we may continue to experience quarterly environmental provision revaluations. The quarterly financial results were also negatively impacted by a $95.0 million pre-tax impairment loss related to certain specific capitalized costs and assets associated with the previous stand-alone development plan for the Rosemont deposit, which were determined to no longer be recoverable.

Adjusted net earnings1 and adjusted net earnings per share1 in the second quarter of 2022 were $30.5 million and $0.12 per share, respectively, after adjusting for the non-cash gain related to the revaluation of our environmental provision and the specific asset impairment loss, among other items. This compares to an adjusted net earnings and adjusted net earnings per share of $5.4 million, and $0.02 in the same period of 2021. Second quarter adjusted EBITDA1 was $141.4 million, compared to $143.2 million in the same period of 2021.

In the second quarter of 2022, consolidated cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits1, was $0.65, compared to $0.84 in the same period in 2021. This decrease was a result of higher zinc and precious metal by-product credits and higher copper production, partially offset by higher milling and profit sharing costs. Consolidated sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits1, was $1.87 in the second quarter of 2022 compared to $2.25 in the same period in 2021. This decrease was primarily due to the same reasons outlined above along with lower cash sustaining capital expenditures in Manitoba. Both measures were within our 2022 guidance ranges and we are reaffirming our full year consolidated cash cost guidance.

Consolidated all-in sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits1, was $1.93 in the second quarter of 2022, lower than $2.48 in the same period in 2021, due to the same reasons outlined above along with lower corporate selling and administrative expenses.

As at June 30, 2022, our liquidity includes $258.6 million in cash as well as undrawn availability of $363.6 million under our revolving credit facilities. We expect that our current liquidity combined with cash flow from operations, particularly in the fourth quarter when production in Peru is expected to benefit from higher grades, will be sufficient to meet our liquidity needs for the foreseeable future. As such, we are well positioned to weather the volatility in commodity prices experienced during the second quarter.



1 Adjusted net earnings (loss) and adjusted net earnings (loss) per share, adjusted EBITDA, cash cost, sustaining cash cost, all-in sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits, cash cost, sustaining cash cost per ounce of gold produced, net of by-product credits, and net debt are non-IFRS financial performance measures with no standardized definition under IFRS. For further information and a detailed reconciliation, please see the discussion under the "Non-IFRS Financial Reporting Measures" section of this MD&A.


KEY FINANCIAL RESULTS

Financial Condition   Jun. 30, 2022     Dec. 31, 2021  
(in $ thousands)
Cash $ 258,556   $ 270,989  
Total long-term debt   1,182,143     1,180,274  
Net debt1   923,587     909,285  
Working capital2   180,371     147,512  
Total assets   4,382,727     4,616,231  
Equity   1,601,123     1,476,828  
1 Net debt is a non-IFRS financial performance measure with no standardized definition under IFRS. For further information and a detailed reconciliation, please see discussion under the "Non-IFRS Financial Reporting Measures" section of this MD&A.
2 Working capital is determined as total current assets less total current liabilities as defined under IFRS and disclosed on the consolidated financial statements.

Financial Performance   Three months ended     Six months ended  
(in $ thousands, except per share amounts)   Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
Revenue $ 415,454   $ 404,242   $ 794,073   $ 717,866  
Cost of sales   325,940     322,060     619,291     583,173  
Earnings (loss) before tax   21,504     14,819     110,365     (54,773 )
Net earnings (loss)   32,143     (3,395 )   95,958     (63,497 )
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share   0.12     (0.01 )   0.37     (0.24 )
Adjusted earnings (loss) per share1   0.12     0.02     0.14     (0.04 )
Operating cash flow before changes in non-cash working capital2   123.9     132.8     201.0     223.4  
Adjusted EBITDA1,2   141.4     143.2     251.9     247.7  
1 Adjusted earnings (loss) per share and adjusted EBITDA are non-IFRS financial performance measures with no standardized definition under IFRS. For further information and a detailed reconciliation, please see discussion under the "Non-IFRS Financial Reporting Measures" section of this MD&A.
2 In millions.


KEY PRODUCTION RESULTS

    Three months ended     Three months ended  
  Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
  Peru     Manitoba     Total     Peru     Manitoba     Total  
 Contained metal in concentrate and doré produced 1                          
Copper tonnes   20,880     4,788     25,668     19,058     4,416     23,474  
Gold oz   13,858     44,787     58,645     10,220     29,628     39,848  
Silver oz   584,228     280,625     864,853     468,057     217,859     685,916  
Zinc tonnes   -     17,053     17,053     -     21,538     21,538  
Molybdenum tonnes   390     -     390     295     -     295  
 Payable metal sold                                    
Copper tonnes   18,473     5,177     23,650     19,946     5,230     25,176  
Gold2 oz   8,430     42,454     50,884     5,638     32,567     38,205  
Silver2 oz   484,946     253,225     738,171     315,064     262,443     577,507  
Zinc3 tonnes   -     20,793     20,793     -     25,361     25,361  
Molybdenum tonnes   208     -     208     265     -     265  
1 Metal reported in concentrate is prior to deductions associated with smelter contract terms.  
2 Includes total payable gold and silver in concentrate and in doré sold.  
3 Includes refined zinc metal and payable zinc in concentrate sold.  

    Six months ended     Six months ended  
  Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
  Peru     Manitoba     Total     Peru     Manitoba     Total  
 Contained metal in concentrate produced 1                                
Copper tonnes   40,046     10,324     50,370     36,885     11,142     48,027  
Gold oz   24,647     87,954     112,601     14,858     60,490     75,348  
Silver oz   1,089,796     559,414     1,649,210     873,771     508,818     1,382,589  
Zinc tonnes   -     39,305     39,305     -     49,478     49,478  
Molybdenum tonnes   596     -     596     589     -     589  
 Payable metal sold                                    
Copper tonnes   35,298     8,961     44,259     34,782     11,323     46,105  
Gold oz   22,882     76,345     99,227     8,601     54,987     63,588  
Silver oz   1,121,079     481,684     1,602,763     652,676     434,591     1,087,267  
Zinc 2 tonnes   -     38,099     38,099     -     53,704     53,704  
Molybdenum tonnes   421     -     421     549     -     549  
                                       
1 Metal reported in concentrate is prior to deductions associated with smelter contract terms.  
2 Includes refined zinc metal sold and payable zinc in concentrate sold.  


KEY COST RESULTS

      Three months ended     Six months ended     Guidance  
      Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Annual
2022
 
 Consolidated copper cash cost per pound of copper produced                    
 Cash cost 1 $/lb   0.65     0.84     0.87     0.94     0.60 - 1.05  
Peru $/lb   1.82     1.85     1.69     1.84     1.10 - 1.40  
Manitoba $/lb   (4.48 )   (3.51 )   (2.29 )   (2.02 )   -  
 Sustaining cash cost 1 $/lb   1.87     2.25     2.07     2.20     1.60 - 2.25  
Peru $/lb   2.62     2.69     2.45     2.53        
Manitoba $/lb   (1.40 )   0.36     0.60     1.12        
 All-in sustaining cash cost1 $/lb   1.93     2.48     2.23     2.42        
 Manitoba gold cash cost per ounce of gold produced                    
Cash cost 1,4 $/oz   (207 )   -     99     -     300 - 550  
Sustaining cash cost 1,4 $/oz   519     -     847     -        
 Combined mine/mill unit operating cost per tonne of copper processed 1,2        
Peru 3 $/tonne   12.02     10.40     12.19     11.02     10.10 - 12.90  5
Manitoba C$/tonne   168     148     172     150     170 - 185  
1 Cash cost, sustaining cash cost, all-in sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits, gold cash cost, sustaining cash cost per ounce of gold produced, net of by-product credits, and unit operating cost are non-IFRS financial performance measures with no standardized definition under IFRS. For further information and a detailed reconciliation, please see the discussion under the "Non-IFRS Financial Reporting Measures" section of this MD&A.
2 Reflects combined mine, mill and G&A costs per tonne of milled ore. Peru costs reflect the deduction of expected capitalized stripping costs.
3 Excludes approximately $1.3 million, or $0.16 per tonne and $3.6 million, or $0.24 per tonne, of COVID-related costs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively and $6.3 million, or $0.85 and $10.9 million or $0.79 per tonne during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021.
4 Cash cost and sustaining cash cost per ounce of gold produced, net of by-product credits were introduced in 2022 and do not have a published comparative.
5 Combined unit cost guidance for 2022 excludes COVID-19 related costs.


RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

Robust Preliminary Economic Assessment Released for Copper World Complex

In June, we released the results of the PEA of our 100%-owned Copper World Complex in Arizona, which includes the recently discovered Copper World deposits along with the Rosemont deposit. Highlights of the PEA include:

- Two-phase mine plan has an after-tax net present value (10%) of $1,296 million and generates an 18% internal rate of return at $3.50 per pound copper1.

- The processing facilities are planned to have annual production capacity of 100,000 tonnes of copper cathode during Phase I and 125,000 tonnes of copper cathode during Phase II, and have been designed to reduce the project's carbon footprint to produce "Made in America" copper.

- Supports U.S. copper supply through onshore production of copper cathode expected to be sold entirely to domestic customers and eliminates greenhouse gas ("GHG") and sulfur emissions associated with overseas shipping and processing.

- Phase I reflects a stand-alone operation on private land and patented mining claims over a 16-year mine life with average annual copper production of approximately 86,000 tonnes from mined resources at cash costs and sustaining cash costs of $1.15 and $1.44 per pound of copper2, respectively, generating an after-tax net present value (10%) of $741 million and an internal rate of return of 17%1.

- Phase I of the Copper World Complex includes a 60,000 ton per day sulfide concentrator, a 20,000 ton per day oxide heap leach, an SX/EW facility and a concentrate leach facility with an initial capital cost estimate of approximately $1.9 billion. The concentrator is intended to expand to 90,000 tons per day in Phase II.

- Phase II expands mining activities onto federal land and extends the mine life to 44 years with average annual copper production of approximately 101,000 tonnes from mined resources at cash costs and sustaining cash costs of $1.11 and $1.42 per pound of copper2, respectively. Phase II provides additional optionality with an after-tax net present value (10%) of $555 million and an internal rate of return of 49% (and a projected after-tax net present value (10%) of $2,806 million at the time of Phase II sanctioning)1.

- Significant increase in copper contained in all mineral resource categories.

- Hudbay is evaluating several opportunities to optimize the project, including processing and initial capital optimizations, the potential to expand Phase I beyond 16 years with additions to the Company's private land package for tailings and waste rock storage and the potential to accelerate Phase II if federal permits are received earlier than as outlined in the PEA.

The preliminary economic assessment for the Copper World Complex is preliminary in nature, includes inferred resources that are considered too speculative geologically to have the economic considerations applied to them that would enable them to be categorized as mineral reserves and there is no certainty the preliminary economic assessment will be realized. For additional details on the Copper World Complex PEA, please refer to the news release dated June 8, 2022 and the NI 43-101 technical report filed on July 14, 2022.

Hudbay is advancing a pre-feasibility study for Phase I of the Copper World Complex during the second half of 2022, which will focus on converting the remaining inferred mineral resources to measured and indicated and evaluating many of the project optimization and upside opportunities.

____________________________________________

1 The valuation metrics are based on a preliminary economic assessment that includes an economic analysis of the potential viability of mineral resources. Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability.

2 Cash cost and sustaining cash cost are non-IFRS financial performance measures with no standardized definition under IFRS. For further details on why Hudbay believes cash costs are a useful performance indicator, please refer to the section titled "Non-IFRS Financial Performance Measures".


Arizona Permitting and Litigation Update

The permitting process for the Copper World Complex is expected to require state and local permits for Phase I and federal permits for Phase II. On May 23, 2022, the U.S. District Court for the District of Arizona issued a favourable ruling effectively stating that there is no obligation for the Army Corps of Engineers ("ACOE") to include Phase I of the project as part its NEPA federal review of the previous stand-alone Rosemont project design. Furthermore, on May 12, 2022, a decision from the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals clarified the permitting path for Phase II, including the requirements to receive federal permits for the second phase under existing mining regulations. Hudbay expects it will be able to pursue and obtain federal permits for Phase II within the constraints imposed by the Court's decision.

On July 27, 2022, Hudbay received approval from the Arizona State Mine Inspector for its amended Mined Land Reclamation Plan ("MLRP") for the Copper World Complex. The MLRP was initially approved in October 2021 and was subsequently amended to reflect a larger private land project footprint. Hudbay expects to submit applications for the other key state-level permits for Phase I of the Copper World Complex in the second half of 2022.

777 Mine Closure

On June 17, 2022, mining activities at our 777 mine in Flin Flon, Manitoba concluded after the reserves were depleted following 18 years of steady production. The 777 deposit was a large and rich orebody and for many years was the flagship mine of Hudbay's Manitoba operations. The mine commenced production in 2004 with an initial ten-year mine life, operated steadily and successfully expanded reserves by an additional eight years. After extensive drilling in and around the mine in recent years, no new deposits were identified. Our hydrometallurgical zinc facility in Flin Flon will also be closed after more than 25 years of successful operations. The 777 mine and the zinc plant are scheduled to be safely decommissioned by September 2022. The Flin Flon concentrator and tailings impoundment area will be shifted to care and maintenance to provide optionality should another mineral discovery occur in the Flin Flon area. Hudbay strives to achieve closure practices that align with leading standards and has developed stringent and detailed environmental plans to manage water and the remaining infrastructure and processing plants in Flin Flon.

Closure activities at the 777 mine and zinc plant have commenced and employees and equipment are transitioning to our operations in Snow Lake, Manitoba as part of our Lalor mine ramp-up strategy.

19th Annual Sustainability Report

In June, we released our annual sustainability report, which provides transparency and progress on key accomplishments and initiatives in 2021 along with goals for the upcoming year and long-term future. Hudbay believes global demand for the metals that we mine will continue to rise alongside the need for green technology that will play an essential role in meeting the challenge of climate change.

We are committed to a reduced GHG emissions future. We are currently working toward specific emissions reduction targets to align with the global 2030 and 2050 climate change goals. We are also designing the Copper World Complex in Arizona in compliance with 2030 and 2050 GHG objectives. In 2021, to better understand the nature of our GHG footprint and the best options for approaching and achieving sustainable GHG reductions, we began work on a 10-year Greenhouse Gas Reduction Roadmap. The roadmap will identify key sources of emissions, including Scope 3 emissions, and the nature of the changes - operational or technical - that will be required to make full or significant changes in each source area.

As a member of the Mining Association of Canada, we implement the Towards Sustainable Mining ("TSM") Protocols at all of our operations, with the goal to maintain a score of "A" or higher for all protocols. In 2021, we achieved a rating of "AA" across all TSM tailings management protocol indicators in both Manitoba and Peru. We also saw a 7% decrease in energy intensity per tonne of ore processed, and over 50% of our indirect energy consumption was from renewable sources.


Exploration Update

Peru Regional Exploration

Hudbay controls a large, contiguous block of mineral rights with the potential to host mineral deposits within trucking distance of the Constancia processing facility, including the past producing Caballito property and the highly prospective Maria Reyna property. Discussions with the community of Uchucarcco related to a surface rights exploration agreement on the Maria Reyna and Caballito properties are progressing well. The Company expects to finalize an agreement in the coming weeks before commencing field exploration activities. Finalization of the Uchucarcco agreement is expected to increase community investment costs in the second half of 2022.

The Company is compiling results from recent drilling at the Llaguen copper porphyry target in northern Peru and remains on track to complete an initial inferred mineral resource estimate in the third quarter of 2022.

Manitoba Regional Exploration

We have been actively conducting drilling activities in the Manitoba area with success in identifying extensions of the copper-gold rich feeder zone at the 1901 deposit and compiling results from ongoing infill drilling at Lalor.

Arizona Regional Exploration

A majority of the infill drilling to support the pre-feasibility study for the Copper World Complex has been completed, and in July, we reduced the number of drill rigs at site to three. Ongoing drilling will focus on continued confirmatory drilling in support of future feasibility studies.

Nevada Regional Exploration

A conductivity-resistivity IP ground survey will be conducted in the second half of 2022 at the Mason Valley properties located on private land claims near the Mason project. This work, in combination with a re-interpretation of geological data from past operating mines and previous exploration data, will be used to finalize a drill plan to test high grade skarn targets. The drilling program initially planned for late 2022 has been postponed to a later date considering the recent changes in the metal price environment.

Dividend Declared

A semi-annual dividend of C$0.01 per share was declared on August 8, 2022. The dividend will be paid out on September 23, 2022 to shareholders of record as of September 2, 2022.


PERU OPERATIONS REVIEW

    Three months ended     Six months ended     Guidance  
  Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Annual  
  2022  
 Constancia ore mined 1 tonnes   7,017,114     8,016,373     13,925,265     15,763,839        
Copper %   0.33     0.30     0.32     0.30        
Gold g/tonne   0.04     0.04     0.04     0.04        
Silver g/tonne   3.53     3.02     3.37     2.96        
Molybdenum %   0.01     0.01     0.01     0.01        
 Pampacancha ore mined 1 tonnes   1,211,387     982,992     2,058,693     982,992        
Copper %   0.29     0.26     0.28     0.26        
Gold g/tonne   0.28     0.27     0.35     0.27        
Silver g/tonne   4.25     4.43     4.17     4.43        
Molybdenum %   0.01     0.01     0.01     0.01        
 Total ore mined tonnes   8,228,501     8,999,365     15,983,958     16,746,831        
 Strip ratio 2     1.22     0.83     1.16     0.83        
 Ore milled tonnes   7,770,706     7,413,043     14,984,539     13,775,795        
Copper %   0.32     0.31     0.31     0.32        
Gold g/tonne   0.09     0.07     0.09     0.06        
Silver g/tonne   3.64     2.88     3.46     2.86        
Molybdenum %   0.01     0.01     0.01     0.01        
Copper concentrate tonnes   93,122     82,696     174,730     160,656        
Concentrate grade % Cu   22.42     23.05     22.92     22.96        
Copper recovery %   85.0     83.3     85.2     83.7        
Gold recovery %   60.3     62.2     60.1     58.6        
Silver recovery %   64.2     68.2     65.4     69.0        
Molybdenum recovery %   38.8     33.3     30.1     33.3        
 Combined unit operating costs 3,4,5 $/tonne   12.02     10.40     12.19     11.02     10.10 - 12.90 6  
1 Reported tonnes and grade for ore mined are estimates based on mine plan assumptions and may not reconcile fully to ore milled.
2 Strip ratio is calculated as waste mined divided by ore mined.
3 Reflects combined mine, mill and general and administrative ("G&A") costs per tonne of ore milled. Reflects the deduction of expected capitalized stripping costs.
4 Combined unit costs is a non-IFRS financial performance measure with no standardized definition under IFRS. For further information and a detailed reconciliation, please see the discussion under the "Non-IFRS Financial Reporting Measures" section of this MD&A.
5 Excludes approximately $1.3 million, or $0.16 per tonne and $3.6 million, or $0.24 per tonne , of COVID-19 related costs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 respectively and $6.3 million, or $0.85 per tonne and $10.9 million or $0.79 per tonne, of COVID-19 related costs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021.
6 Combined unit cost guidance for 2022 excludes COVID-19 related costs.

Total ore mined declined by 9% in the second quarter of 2022 compared to the same period in 2021 due to higher amounts of waste being mined. Ore milled during the second quarter of 2022 was 5% higher than the same period in 2021. Milled copper grades increased in the second quarter of 2022 in comparison to the same period in 2021 due to higher head grades from both Constancia and Pampacancha. Milled gold grades increased significantly in the second quarter of 2022 mainly due to higher volumes and gold grades from Pampacancha.


Copper recoveries in the second quarter increased marginally over the comparative 2021 period due to operational improvements in the cleaning circuit and lower oxide levels of the Constancia ore. Gold recoveries in the second quarter of 2022 were 3% lower than the comparative 2021 period and silver recoveries decreased by 6% over the same time frame due to higher levels of contaminants impacting the metallurgy of the Pampacancha ores.

Year-to-date ore mined was 5% lower than the same period in 2021 due to the same factors as the quarterly variance. Recoveries of copper and gold in the first half of 2022 were marginally higher than the same period in 2021. Recoveries of copper increased due to the same factors as described above for the quarter-over-quarter variance. Recoveries of gold increased due to higher gold grades at Pampacancha.

Combined mine, mill and G&A unit operating costs in the second quarter of 2022 were 16% higher than the same period in 2021 primarily due to inflationary pressures on fuel, consumables and energy costs, partially offset by additional tonnes milled. Combined mine, mill and G&A unit operating costs in the first half of 2022 were 11% higher than the same period in 2021 due to the same factors as the quarterly variance. As a result of inflationary cost pressures, full year unit operating costs in Peru are expected to be closer to the top end of the 2022 guidance range.

Contained metal in
concentrate produced
  Three months ended     Six months ended     Guidance  
  Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Annual  
  2022  
Copper tonnes   20,880     19,058     40,046     36,885     89,000 - 115,000  
Gold oz   13,858     10,220     24,647     14,858     70,000 - 90,000  
Silver oz   584,228     468,057     1,089,796     873,771     1,620,000 - 2,100,000  
Molybdenum tonnes   390     295     596     589     1,100 - 1,400  

Production of all metals, and especially gold and silver, was higher in the second quarter of 2022 and year-to-date compared to the same periods in 2021 due to an increase in throughput, grade and recovery in the case of copper and molybdenum, and, in the case of gold and silver, due to increases in grade and throughput. As previously disclosed, full year production in Peru is expected to benefit from higher grades in the fourth quarter of 2022. As such, full year production of all metals in Peru remains on track to achieve the guidance ranges for 2022.


 

         


Peru Cash Cost and Sustaining Cash Cost

    Three months ended     Six months ended     Guidance  
  Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Annual
2022
 
Cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits1 $/lb   1.82     1.85     1.69     1.84     1.10 - 1.40  
Sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits1 $/lb   2.62     2.69     2.45     2.53        
1 Cash cost and sustaining cash costs per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits, are not recognized under IFRS. For more detail on these non-IFRS financial performance measures, please see the discussion under the "Non-IFRS Financial Performance Measures" section of this MD&A.

Cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits, in the second quarter of 2022 was $1.82, a slight decrease compared to the same period in 2021 due to higher copper production and higher precious metal by-product credits, partially offset by higher overall mining, milling and general and administrative costs. Cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits, is expected to decline with higher expected copper production and contributions from precious metal by-product in the fourth quarter. However, full year cash cost is expected to trend towards the upper end of the 2022 guidance range, reflecting the current inflationary cost environment. Cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits, for the first half of 2022 was $1.69, a decrease of 8% compared to the same period in 2021 due to the same factors as outlined above.

Sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits, for the second quarter and for the first half of 2022 both decreased by 3% compared to the same period of 2021 mainly due to the same factors affecting cash costs noted above, partially offset by higher sustaining capital expenditures.


Metal Sold

    Three months ended     Six months ended  
  Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
 Payable metal in concentrate                          
Copper tonnes   18,473     19,946     35,298     34,782  
Gold oz   8,430     5,638     22,882     8,601  
Silver oz   484,946     315,064     1,121,079     652,676  
Molybdenum tonnes   208     265     421     549  

Quantities of payable metal sold for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 were primarily affected by the same factors as contained metal production but were negatively impacted by elevated closing copper and molybdenum concentrate inventories at the end of June 2022.


MANITOBA OPERATIONS REVIEW

Mines

    Three months ended     Six months ended  
  Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
Lalor                          
Ore tonnes   412,653     356,951     799,405     778,553  
Copper %   0.70     0.64     0.75     0.60  
Zinc %   3.06     3.81     3.54     4.56  
Gold g/tonne   3.73     3.19     3.74     2.91  
Silver g/tonne   23.95     22.98     23.46     22.86  
777                          
Ore tonnes   226,286     255,170     484,355     530,430  
Copper %   1.03     0.82     1.12     1.46  
Zinc %   3.51     3.57     3.83     3.79  
Gold g/tonne   1.62     1.97     1.66     2.18  
Silver g/tonne   20.63     23.35     20.85     26.45  
Total Mines                          
Ore tonnes   638,939     612,121     1,283,760     1,308,983  
Copper %   0.82     0.72     0.89     0.95  
Zinc %   3.22     3.71     3.65     4.25  
Gold g/tonne   2.98     2.68     2.95     2.63  
Silver g/tonne   22.77     23.14     22.48     24.31  

 Unit Operating Costs 1,2   Three months ended     Six months ended  
  Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
 Mines                          
Lalor C$/tonne   129.74     123.44     128.14     115.92  
777 C$/tonne   70.78     90.61     87.50     86.45  
 Total Mines C$/tonne   108.86     109.75     112.81     103.98  
1 Reflects costs per tonne of ore mined.
2 Unit costs is a non-IFRS financial performance measure with no standardized definition under IFRS. For further information and a detailed
reconciliation, please see the discussion under the "Non-IFRS Financial Reporting Measures" section of this MD&A. 

After 18 years of steady production at our 777 mine in Manitoba, the final reserves were depleted with the last ore hoisted on June 17, 2022, consistent with the mine plan. Closure activities to safely decommission the mine commenced in the second quarter and are advancing ahead of schedule. As 777 mining activities wound down, our employees and equipment transitioned from 777 to Lalor to support Lalor's ramp-up strategy.

We continued to advance the Lalor ramp-up strategy and remain on track to achieve 5,300 tonnes per day by the end of 2022. We also further refined the processes to separate gold and base metal ores from Lalor to optimize feed for the New Britannia and Stall mills. Metal grades form the basis of separating higher gold content ore for processing at New Britannia from base metal ore which is directed towards Stall. Lalor successfully completed planned maintenance in the second quarter to allow for increased availability in the third quarter.

Ore mined at our Manitoba operations during the second quarter of 2022 was 4% higher than the same period in 2021 due to increased Lalor production, partially offset by lower production at 777 as it approached closure in June 2022. Copper, gold and silver grades mined at Lalor during the second quarter of 2022 were 9%, 17% and 4% higher, respectively, compared to the same period in 2021, mainly due to increased mining of gold and copper-gold stopes. Zinc grades mined during the second quarter of 2022 were 20% lower than the same period in 2021, in line with the mine plan. Zinc, gold and silver grades at 777 were 2%, 18% and 12% lower, respectively, than the same period in 2021, while copper grades were 26% higher consistent with expectations of remnant mining of final stopes.


Ore mined at our Manitoba operations during the first half of 2022 was 2% lower than the same period in 2021 due to lower production at 777, offset by increased Lalor production for the reasons listed above. Copper, gold and silver grades mined at Lalor during the first half of 2022 were 25%, 29% and 3% higher, respectively, compared to the same period in 2021, mainly due to increased mining of gold and copper-gold stopes. Zinc grades mined at Lalor during the first half of 2022 were 22% lower than the same period in 2021, in line with the mine plan. Copper, gold and silver grades at 777 were 23%, 24% and 21% lower than the same period in 2021 as challenging ground conditions resulted in excessive dilution during remnant stope mining as the mine approached the end of life. Zinc grades mined at 777 during the first half of 2022 were 1% higher than the same period in 2021.

Total mine unit operating costs during the second quarter of 2022 decreased by 1% compared to the same period in 2021 mainly due to lower costs at 777 as the mine ceased operations during the quarter, partially offset by higher inflationary cost pressures for bulk commodities, fuel, and Lalor contractor costs.

Total mine unit operating costs during the first half of 2022 increased by 8% compared to the same period in 2021 due to higher propane usage early in the year caused by a colder winter coupled with inflationary cost pressures for bulk commodities, fuel, and Lalor contractor costs.


Processing Facilities

    Three months ended     Six months ended  
  Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
 Stall & New Britannia Concentrator Combined                    
Ore tonnes   406,006     317,484     803,307     678,828  
Copper %   0.73     0.68     0.78     0.64  
Zinc %   3.20     4.06     3.71     4.84  
Gold g/tonne   3.93     3.19     3.90     2.86  
Silver g/tonne   23.98     22.02     23.57     22.76  
Copper concentrate tonnes   15,384     11,028     31,664     21,375  
Concentrate grade % Cu   17.26     17.40     17.44     17.74  
Zinc concentrate tonnes   19,189     22,575     45,658     58,269  
Concentrate grade % Zn   51.08     50.29     51.07     50.71  
Copper recovery - concentrate %   89.5     88.8     88.5     87.3  
Zinc recovery - concentrate (Stall) %   84.3     88.1     85.1     89.9  
Gold recovery - concentrate %   58.8     55.5     58.6     56.5  
Silver recovery - concentrate %   58.1     55.1     59.0     55.7  
Contained metal in concentrate produced                    
Copper tonnes   2,656     1,919     5,523     3,791  
Zinc tonnes   9,803     11,352     23,319     29,548  
Gold oz   30,113     18,078     58,995     35,285  
Silver oz   181,786     123,844     359,431     276,750  
Metal in doré produced                          
Gold oz   7,441     -     13,721     -  
Silver oz   15,974     -     26,020     -  
 Flin Flon Concentrator                          
Ore tonnes   243,312     329,503     497,344     612,889  
Copper %   1.02     0.89     1.11     1.35  
Zinc %   3.60     3.65     3.87     3.90  
Gold g/tonne   1.64     2.06     1.67     2.19  
Silver g/tonne   20.76     23.65     21.00     25.67  
Copper concentrate tonnes   9,498     11,504     22,602     33,816  
Concentrate grade % Cu   22.44     21.70     21.24     21.74  
Zinc concentrate tonnes   14,335     20,096     31,602     39,209  
Concentrate grade % Zn   50.58     50.69     50.59     50.83  
Copper recovery %   85.5     84.8     86.7     89.0  
Zinc recovery %   82.9     84.8     83.0     83.3  
Gold recovery %   56.4     52.9     57.1     58.4  
Silver recovery %   51.0     37.5     51.8     45.9  
Contained metal in concentrate produced                    
Copper tonnes   2,132     2,497     4,801     7,351  
Zinc tonnes   7,250     10,186     15,986     19,930  
Gold oz   7,233     11,550     15,238     25,205  
Silver oz   82,865     94,015     173,963     232,068  



Unit Operating Costs 1   Three months ended     Six months ended     Guidance  
  Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Annual  
  2022  
Concentrators                                
Stall & New Britannia C$/tonne   49.46     24.80     49.76     23.90        
Flin Flon C$/tonne   27.36     26.95     28.14     27.01        
Combined mine/mill unit operating costs 2,3                                
Manitoba C$/tonne   168     148     172     150     170 - 185  
1 Reflects costs per tonne of milled ore.
2 Reflects combined mine, mill and G&A costs per tonne of milled ore.
3 Combined unit costs is a non-IFRS financial performance measure with no standardized definition under IFRS. For further information and a detailed reconciliation, please see the discussion under the "Non-IFRS Financial Reporting Measures" section of this MD&A.

The combined Snow Lake mills processed 28% more ore in the second quarter of 2022 compared to the same period in 2021, tracking the increase in Lalor's production over the same period. Stall recoveries were consistent with the metallurgical model for the head grades delivered. Compared to the same period in 2021, unit operating costs at the Snow Lake mills were higher in the second quarter of 2022 as a result of the higher costs at New Britannia.

The combined Snow Lake mills processed 18% more ore in the first half of 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. Stall recoveries were consistent with the metallurgical model for the head grades delivered. Compared to the same period in 2021, unit operating costs at the Snow Lake mills were higher in first six months of 2022 for the same reasons outlined in the second quarter variance as well as scheduled mill maintenance at New Britannia early in the year.

The New Britannia mill achieved higher than targeted throughput in the second quarter of 2022 averaging approximately 1,590 tonnes per day, due to a number of improvement initiatives aimed at increasing throughput and further improving recoveries. With the inclusion of doré, the gold and silver recoveries at the New Britannia mill have also improved significantly in relation to previous quarters. Additional improvement initiatives will continue to be advanced in the second half of 2022 to further improve gold and silver recoveries.

The Flin Flon concentrator consumed all available ore feed from the 777 mine in the second quarter of 2022. Last ore from 777 was processed on June 21, 2022 and closure activities to safely place the concentrator on long-term care and maintenance are ahead of schedule. Recoveries at the Flin Flon concentrator were consistent with the metallurgical model for the head grades delivered. Unit operating costs at the Flin Flon concentrator increased by 2% during the second quarter compared to the same period in 2021 primarily as a result of increased grinding media used to fulfill paste requirements at the 777 mine.

Unit costs at the Snow Lake mills increased by 108% in the first six months of 2022 compared to the same period in 2021 due to higher than expected milling costs at New Britannia, baseline effects as New Britannia was not yet operational in the comparative period, as well as higher inflationary cost pressures. Flin Flon concentrator unit costs increased by 4% over the same timeframe.

Combined unit operating costs in the second quarter of 2022 and year-to-date increased by 14% and 15%, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2021 for the same reasons as outlined above. Looking ahead to the second half of 2022, we expect combined unit operating costs to increase due to ongoing inflationary cost pressures and the removal of the lower-cost Flin Flon operations. As such, we expect the full year combined unit costs to trend towards the upper end of the 2022 guidance range.



      Three months ended     Six months ended     Guidance  
Contained metal in concentrate produced 1   Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Annual  
  2022  
Copper tonnes   4,788     4,416     10,324     11,142     12,000 - 16,000  
Gold 2 oz   37,346     29,628     74,233     60,490     -  
Silver 3 oz   264,651     217,859     533,394     508,818     -  
Zinc tonnes   17,053     21,538     39,305     49,478     50,000 - 70,000  
 Metal in doré produced 1                                
Gold 2 oz   7,441     -     13,721     -     -  
Silver 3 oz   15,974     -     26,020     -     -  
 Contained metal in concentrate and doré produced                          
Gold 2 oz   44,787     29,628     87,954     60,490     150,000 - 185,000  
Silver 3 oz   280,625     217,859     559,414     508,818     800,000 - 1,100,000  
1 Metal reported in concentrate is prior to deductions associated with smelter terms. 
2 Gold production guidance includes gold contained in concentrate produced and gold in doré.
3 Silver production guidance includes silver contained in concentrate produced and silver in doré.

Compared to the same period in 2021, gold and silver production in the second quarter of 2022 increased by 51% and 29%, respectively. This increase is primarily due to the processing of higher volumes of gold ore from Lalor at the New Britannia mill, offset by lower gold and silver grades at the 777 mine. Copper production increased by 8% in the second quarter of 2022 compared to the same period in 2021 due to significantly higher copper grades at 777 from the mining of remnant stopes, partially offset by lower volume of 777 ore mined. Zinc production in the second quarter decreased by 21% primarily due to lower head grades at Lalor consistent with the mine plan.

Compared to the same period in 2021, gold and silver production in the first half of 2022 increased by 45% and 10%, respectively. This increase is primarily due to the same reasons noted above. Copper and zinc production decreased by 8% and 21%, respectively, in the first half of 2022 due to lower zinc head grades at Lalor and lower 777 volumes as the mine fully depleted its reserves and ceased production in June 2022.

Full year production of all metals are on track to achieve guidance ranges for 2022.


   


Zinc Plant

Zinc Production   Three months ended     Six months ended  
  Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
 
Zinc Concentrate Treated                          
Domestic tonnes   34,500     47,376     76,223     101,865  
Refined Metal Produced                          
Domestic tonnes   17,831     22,419     37,894     48,927  

 Unit Operating Costs   Three months ended     Six months ended  
  Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
 
Zinc Plant 1,2 C$/lb   0.57     0.54     0.60     0.52  
1 Zinc unit operating costs include G&A costs.
2 Zinc unit costs is a non-IFRS financial performance measure with no standardized definition under IFRS. For further information and a detailed reconciliation, please see the discussion under the "Non-IFRS Financial Reporting Measures" section of this MD&A. 

The zinc plant production remained constrained by the availability of concentrate for processing through to its last day of operation on June 30, 2022. Closure activities to safely decommission the zinc plant are underway and are advancing ahead of schedule.

Manitoba Cash Cost and Sustaining Cash Cost

    Three months ended     Six months ended     Guidance  
  Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Annual
2022
 
 Cost per pound of copper produced                                
Cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits 1 $/lb   (4.48 )   (3.51 )   (2.29 )   (2.02 )      
Sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits 1 $/lb   (1.40 )   0.36     0.60     1.12        
                                 
 Cost per ounce of gold produced                                
Cash cost per ounce of gold produced, net of by-product credits 1 $/oz   (207 )   -     99     -     300 - 550  
Sustaining cash cost per ounce of gold produced, net of by-product credits 1 $/oz   519     -     847     -        
1 Cash cost and sustaining cash cost per pound of copper and per ounce of gold produced, net of by-product credits, are not recognized under IFRS. For more detail on this non-IFRS financial performance measure, please see the discussion under the "Non-IFRS Financial Performance Measures" section of this MD&A.
2 Cash cost and sustaining cash cost per ounce of gold produced, net of by-product credits were introduced in 2022 and do not have a published comparative.

Cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits, in the second quarter of 2022 was negative $4.48. These costs were lower compared to the same period in 2021, as a result of higher zinc and gold by-product revenues offset by higher milling and profit sharing costs and slightly higher copper production.

Sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits, in the second quarter of 2022 was negative $1.40. These costs were lower compared to the same period in 2021, primarily due to the reasons listed above and lower cash sustaining capital expenditures compared to the same period in 2021.

Cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits, in the first half of 2022 was negative $2.29. These costs were lower compared to the same period in 2021, as a result of higher gold by-product revenues and slightly lower copper production offset by higher mining, milling and profit sharing costs.


Sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits, in the first half of 2022 was $0.60. These costs were lower compared to the same period in 2021, due to the same reasons provided above and lower cash sustaining capital expenditures compared to the same period in 2021.

Cash cost per ounce of gold produced, net of by-product credits, in the second quarter and for the first half of 2022 were well below our 2022 guidance range.

Metal Sold

    Three months ended     Six months ended  
  Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
 
Payable metal in concentrate and doré                          
Copper tonnes   5,177     5,230     8,961     11,323  
Gold oz   42,454     32,567     76,345     54,987  
Silver oz   253,225     262,443     481,684     434,591  
Zinc 1 tonnes   20,793     25,361     38,099     53,704  
1 Includes refined zinc metal and payable zinc in concentrate sold.

Sales of copper and silver in the second quarter of 2022 were lower than the comparable period in 2021 but higher than the first quarter of 2022 as approximately 60% excess copper concentrate inventory from the first quarter of 2022 has been drawn down during the second quarter of 2022 with improving railcar availability. Quantities of payable gold and zinc sold for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 were primarily affected by the same factors as contained metal production.


FINANCIAL REVIEW

Financial Results

In the second quarter of 2022, we recorded a net profit of $32.1 million compared to a net loss of $3.4 million in the second quarter of 2021. Year-to-date in 2022, we recorded a net profit of $95.9 million compared to a net loss of $63.5 million for the same period in 2021, representing an increase in profit of $159.4 million.

The following table provides further details on these variances:

(in $ millions)   Three months ended
June 30, 2022
    Six months ended
June 30, 2022
 
Increase (decrease) in components of profit or loss:            
Revenues   11.3     76.2  
Cost of sales            
Mine operating costs   (15.9 )   (49.7 )
Depreciation and amortization   12.0     13.7  
Selling and administrative expenses   8.4     6.5  
Exploration expenses   3.5     (8.3 )
Environmental obligation adjustment   60.2     135.5  
Other expenses   2.8     (4.8 )
Impairment loss   (95.0 )   (95.0 )
Net finance expense   19.3     91.0  
Tax   28.9     (5.7 )
Decrease in loss for the period   35.5     159.4  

Revenue

Revenue for the second quarter of 2022 was $415.5 million, $11.3 million higher than the same period in 2021, primarily as a result of higher zinc prices and higher gold sales volumes, partially offset by lower copper and zinc sales volumes and lower copper prices. We continue to see higher sales volumes of gold as a result of the commencement of operations at the high-grade Pampacancha deposit in Peru and the copper-gold circuit at New Britannia mill in Manitoba. Copper sales volumes declined in the second quarter of 2022, relative to the prior year, despite higher copper production, primarily due to general timing of shipments. Lower zinc sales volumes are a result of a reduction in overall zinc production due to the closure of the 777 mine in Manitoba in June of 2022, as well as lower zinc grades from Lalor as we continue to transition to mining of the gold lenses and away from base metal zones.

Revenue for the first half of 2022 was $794.1 million, $76.2 million higher than the same period in 2021, mainly due to higher realized base metal prices as well as higher precious metal sales volumes. Offsetting these increases were lower zinc sales, due to the same reasons as the quarter-to-date variances described above.

The following table provides further details on these variances:



(in $ millions)   Three months ended
June 30, 2022
    Six months ended
June 30, 2022
 
             
Metals prices1            
(Lower) higher copper prices   (5.9 )   31.2  
Higher zinc prices   25.3     42.5  
Lower gold prices   (0.4 )   (2.4 )
Lower silver prices   (1.8 )   (8.5 )
Sales volumes            
Lower copper sales volumes   (14.8 )   (16.6 )
Lower zinc sales volumes   (14.0 )   (46.5 )
Higher gold sales volumes   22.9     63.9  
Higher silver sales volumes   4.3     14.6  
Other            
Change in derivative mark-to-market on zinc   (0.5 )   (0.3 )
Molybdenum and other volume and pricing differences   (4.0 )   (3.4 )
Variable consideration adjustments   -     1.6  
Effect of lower treatment and refining charges   0.2     0.1  
Increase in revenue in 2022 compared to 2021   11.3     76.2  
1 See discussion below for further information regarding metals prices.

Our revenue by significant product type is summarized below:

    Three months ended     Six months ended  
(in $ millions)   Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
Copper   230.8     250.2     439.7     423.9  
Zinc   88.7     77.4     155.2     159.5  
Gold   90.3     57.9     157.9     100.1  
Silver   8.9     7.2     15.5     13.6  
Molybdenum   9.0     7.1     18.2     14.2  
Other metals   2.0     2.6     4.4     4.2  
Revenue from contracts   429.7     402.4     790.9     715.5  
Amortization of deferred revenue - gold   10.0     9.2     23.2     14.1  
Amortization of deferred revenue - silver   9.2     7.9     21.0     16.6  
Amortization of deferred revenue - variable consideration adjustments - prior periods   -     -     3.2     1.6  
Pricing and volume adjustments1   (18.4 )   (0.1 )   (17.1 )   (2.7 )
Treatment and refining charges   (15.0 )   (15.2 )   (27.1 )   (27.2 )
Revenue   415.5     404.2     794.1     717.9  
1 Pricing and volume adjustments represents mark-to-market adjustments on provisionally prices sales, realized and unrealized changes to fair value for non-hedge derivative contracts and adjustments to originally invoiced weights and assays.

For further detail on variable consideration adjustments, refer to note 16 of our consolidated interim financial statements.


Realized sales prices

This measure is intended to enable management and investors to understand the average realized price of metals sold to third parties in each reporting period. The average realized price per unit sold does not have any standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS, is unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other issuers and should not be considered in isolation or a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS.

For sales of copper, gold and silver we may enter into non-hedge derivatives ("QP hedges") which are intended to manage the provisional pricing risk arising from quotational period terms in concentrate sales agreements. The QP hedges are not removed from the calculation of realized prices. We expect that gains and losses on QP hedges will offset provisional pricing adjustments on concentrate sales contracts.

Our realized prices for the second quarter of 2022 and 2021, respectively, are summarized below:

          Realized prices1 for the     LME YTD
20222
    Realized prices1 for the  
  LME
QTD

20222
  Three months ended     Six months ended  
      Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
 
 Prices                                      
Copper $/lb   4.31     4.28     4.40     4.42     4.40     4.08  
Zinc3 $/lb   1.78     1.94     1.39     1.74     1.86     1.35  
Gold4 $/oz         1,795     1,803           1,769     1,793  
Silver4 $/oz         24.32     26.74           22.83     28.12  
1 Realized prices exclude refining and treatment charges and are on the sale of finished metal or metal in concentrate. Realized prices include the effect of provisional pricing adjustments on prior period sales.
2 London Metal Exchange average for copper and zinc prices.
3 All sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 were cast zinc metal. Zinc realized prices include premiums paid by customers for delivery of refined zinc metal, but exclude unrealized gains and losses related to non-hedge derivative contracts that are included in zinc revenues.
4 Sales of gold and silver from our 777 and Constancia mines are subject to our precious metals stream agreement with Wheaton, pursuant to which we recognize deferred revenue for precious metals deliveries and also receive cash payments. Stream sales are included within realized prices and their respective deferred revenue and cash payment rates can be found on page 29.


The following tables provide a reconciliation of average realized price per unit sold, by metal, to revenues as shown in the consolidated financial statements.

Three months ended June 30, 2022  
(in $ millions) 1   Copper     Zinc     Gold     Silver     Molybdenum     Other     Total  
Revenue from contracts 2   230.8     88.7     90.3     8.9     9.0     2.0     429.7  
Amortization of deferred revenue   -     -     10.0     9.2     -     -     19.2  
Pricing and volume adjustments 3   (7.5 )   (0.2 )   (8.9 )   (0.2 )   (1.6 )   -     (18.4 )
By-product credits 4   223.3     88.5     91.4     17.9     7.4     2.0     430.5  
Derivative mark-to-market 5   -     0.5     -     -     -     -     0.5  
Revenue, excluding mark-to-market on non-QP hedges   223.3     89.0     91.4     17.9     7.4     2.0     431.0  
Payable metal in concentrate sold 6   23,650     20,793     50,884     738,171     208     -     -  
Realized price 7   9,442     4,282     1,795     24.32     -     -     -  
Realized price 8   4.28     1.94     -     -     -     -     -  
Six months ended June 30, 2022  
(in $ millions) 1   Copper     Zinc     Gold     Silver     Molybdenum     Other     Total  
Revenue from contracts 2   439.7     155.2     157.9     15.5     18.2     4.4     790.9  
Amortization of deferred revenue   -     -     23.2     21.0     -     -     44.2  
Pricing and volume adjustments 3   (10.7 )   0.5     (5.6 )   0.1     (1.4 )   -     (17.1 )
By-product credits 4   429.0     155.7     175.5     36.6     16.8     4.4     818.0  
Derivative mark-to-market 5   -     0.4     -     -     -     -     0.4  
Revenue, excluding mark-to-market on non-QP hedges   429.0     156.1     175.5     36.6     16.8     4.4     818.4  
Payable metal in concentrate sold 6   44,259     38,099     99,227     1,602,763     421     -     -  
Realized price 7   9,695     4,097     1,769     22.83     -     -     -  
Realized price 8   4.40     1.86     -     -     -     -     -  
1 Average realized price per unit sold may not calculate based on amounts presented in this table due to rounding.
2 As per financial statements.
3 Pricing and volume adjustments represents mark-to-market adjustments on provisionally priced sales, realized and unrealized changes to fair value for non-hedge derivative contracts and adjustments to originally invoiced weights and assays.
4 By-product credits subtotal is used in the calculated of cash cost per pound of copper and zinc produced, net of by-product credits. Cash cost per pound of copper and per ounce of gold produced, net of by-product credits, are non-IFRS financial performance measures with no standardized definition under IFRS. For further information and a detailed reconciliation, please see the discussion under the "Non-IFRS Financial Reporting Measures" section of this MD&A.
5 Derivative mark-to-market excludes mark-to-market on QP hedges.
6 Copper, zinc and molybdenum shown in metric tonnes and gold and silver shown in ounces.
7 Realized price for copper, zinc and molybdenum in $/metric tonne and realized price for gold and silver in $/oz.
8 Realized price for copper and zinc in $/lb.

The price, quantity and mix of metals sold, affect our revenue, operating cash flow and profit. Revenue from metals sales can vary from quarter to quarter due to production levels, shipping volumes and transfer of risk and title to customers.



Three months ended June 30, 2021  
(in $ millions) 1   Copper     Zinc     Gold     Silver     Molybdenum     Other     Total  
Revenue from contracts 2   250.2     77.4     57.9     7.2     7.1     2.6     402.4  
Amortization of deferred revenue   -     -     9.2     7.9     -     -     17.1  
Pricing and volume adjustments 3   (6.2 )   0.3     1.8     0.3     3.7     -     (0.1 )
By-product credits 4   244.0     77.7     68.9     15.4     10.8     2.6     419.4  
Derivative mark-to-market 5   -     -     -     -     -     -     -  
Revenue, excluding mark-to-market on non-QP hedges   244.0     77.7     68.9     15.4     10.8     2.6     419.4  
Payable metal in concentrate sold 6   25,176     25,361     38,205     577,507     265     -     -  
Realized price 7   9,692     3,063     1,803     26.74     -     -     -  
Realized price 8   4.40     1.39     -     -     -     -     -  
Six months ended June 30, 2021  
(in $ millions) 1   Copper     Zinc     Gold     Silver     Molybdenum     Other     Total  
Revenue from contracts 2   423.9     159.5     100.1     13.6     14.2     4.2     715.5  
Amortization of deferred revenue   -     -     14.1     16.6     -     -     30.7  
Pricing and volume adjustments 3   (9.5 )   0.5     (0.2 )   0.3     6.2     -     (2.7 )
By-product credits 4   414.4     160.0     114.0     30.5     20.4     4.2     743.5  
Derivative mark-to-market 5   -     0.1     -     -     -     -     0.1  
Revenue, excluding mark-to-market on non-QP hedges   414.4     160.1     114.0     30.5     20.4     4.2     743.6  
Payable metal in concentrate sold 6   46,105     53,704     63,588     1,087,267     549     -     -  
Realized price 7   8,989     2,982     1,793     28.12     -     -     -  
Realized price 8   4.08     1.35     -     -     -     -     -  
                                           
1 Average realized price per unit sold may not calculate based on amounts presented in this table due to rounding.
2 As per financial statements.
3 Pricing and volume adjustments represents mark-to-market adjustments on provisionally priced sales, realized and unrealized changes to fair value for non-hedge derivative contracts and adjustments to originally invoiced weights and assays.
4 By-product credits subtotal is used in the calculated of cash cost per pound of copper and zinc produced, net of by-product credits. Cash cost per pound of copper and per ounce of gold produced, net of by-product credits, are non-IFRS financial performance measures with no standardized definition under IFRS. For further information and a detailed reconciliation, please see the discussion under the "Non-IFRS Financial Reporting Measures" section of this MD&A.
5 Derivative mark-to-market excludes mark-to-market on QP hedges.
6 Copper, zinc and molybdenum shown in metric tonnes and gold and silver shown in ounces.
7 Realized price for copper, zinc and molybdenum in $/metric tonne and realized price for gold and silver in $/oz.
8 Realized price for copper and zinc in $/lb.


Stream Sales

The following table shows stream sales included within realized prices and their respective deferred revenue and cash payment rates:

      Three months ended     Six months ended  
      Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2022  
      Manitoba     Peru 4     Manitoba     Peru 4  
Gold oz   3,629     7,431     8,017     17,926  
Silver oz   75,367     494,029     162,279     1,137,665  
Gold deferred revenue drawdown rate1,2 $/oz   1,241     734     1,247     734  
Gold cash rate3 $/oz   429     412     429     412  
Total gold stream realized price $/oz   1,670     1,146     1,676     1,146  
Silver deferred revenue drawdown rate1,2 $/oz   24.49     14.95     24.62     14.95  
Silver cash rate3 $/oz   6.33     6.08     6.33     6.08  
Total silver stream realized price $/oz   30.82     21.03     30.95     21.03  
                         
    Three months ended     Six months ended  
  Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2021  
  Manitoba     Peru     Manitoba     Peru  
Gold oz   5,694     2,321     8,271     3,997  
Silver oz   109,381     295,116     158,143     641,254  
Gold deferred revenue drawdown rate1,2 $/oz   1,284     824     1,273     894  
Gold cash rate 3 $/oz   425     408     425     408  
Total gold stream realized price $/oz   1,709     1,232     1,698     1,302  
Silver deferred revenue drawdown rate1,2 $/oz   24.73     17.54     24.50     19.87  
Silver cash rate 3 $/oz   6.26     6.02     6.26     6.02  
Total silver stream realized price $/oz   30.99     23.56     30.76     25.89  
1Subsequent to the variable consideration adjustment recorded on January 1, 2022, the deferred revenue amortization is recorded in Manitoba at C$1,584/oz gold and C$31.28/oz silver (June 30, 2021 - C$1,578/oz gold and C$30.38/oz silver) and converted to US dollars at the exchange rate in effect at the time of revenue recognition.
2 Deferred revenue drawdown rates for gold and silver do not include variable consideration adjustments.
3 The gold and silver cash rate for Manitoba increased by 1% from $400/oz and $5.90/oz effective August 1, 2015. Subsequently every year, on August 1, the cash rate will increase by 1% compounded. The weighted average cash rate is disclosed. The gold and silver cash rate for Peru increased by 1% from $400/oz and $5.90/oz effective August 4, 2019. Subsequently every year, on August 4, the cash rate will increase by 1% compounded. The weighted average cash rate is disclosed.
4 Subsequent to the variable consideration adjustment recorded on January 1, 2022, the deferred revenue amortization is recorded in Peru at $734/oz gold and $14.95/oz silver. Effective May 1, 2021, the drawdown rate for the Peru stream agreement for gold was $762/oz and prior to May 1, 2021, the drawdown rate for Peru gold was $990/oz. Effective May 1, 2021, the drawdown rate for the Peru stream agreement for silver was $15.64/oz and prior to May 1, 2021 the drawdown rate for Peru silver was $21.86/oz.


Cost of Sales

Our detailed cost of sales is summarized as follows:

 (in $ thousands)   Three months ended     Six months ended  
  Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
 
Peru                        
Mining   32,300     26,133     60,702     47,672  
Milling   44,731     40,286     92,386     83,606  
Changes in product inventory   (8,394 )   4,465     (13,166 )   (6,110 )
Depreciation and amortization   47,811     52,710     96,173     93,145  
G&A   18,577     16,962     34,775     31,401  
Inventory adjustments   (97 )   (723 )   (558 )   (1,446 )
Freight, royalties and other charges   13,414     12,133     23,745     21,986  
Total Peru cost of sales   148,342     151,966     294,057     270,254  
Manitoba                        
Mining   54,500     54,714     113,933     109,134  
Milling   20,953     13,655     42,462     26,317  
Zinc plant   14,379     17,908     32,755     37,515  
Changes in product inventory   12,888     10,795     (3,260 )   (1,495 )
Depreciation and amortization   39,494     46,595     72,223     88,842  
Inventory adjustments   2,030     -     2,030     -  
G&A   22,721     14,971     45,964     30,923  
Freight, royalties and other charges   10,633     11,456     19,127     21,683  
Total Manitoba cost of sales   177,598     170,094     325,234     312,919  
 Cost of sales   325,940     322,060     619,291     583,173  

Total cost of sales for the second quarter of 2022 was $325.9 million, reflecting an increase of $3.9 million from the second quarter of 2021. Peru cost of sales were relatively consistent, decreasing by $3.6 million in the second quarter of 2022, compared to the same period of 2021. Increases in mining, milling and general and administrative costs were offset by a relative buildup in product inventory. The increases in mining and milling costs were mainly driven by higher throughput as well as higher consumable costs. Manitoba cost of sales increased by $7.5 million in the second quarter of 2022, compared to the same period of 2021. Manitoba incurred higher milling and general and administrative costs, mostly related to higher volume of ore milled at New Britannia, more than offsetting a decline in milling costs at Flin Flon mill, as well as an increase in accrued employee profit sharing. These increases were partially offset by lower zinc plant costs and a relative drawdown in product inventory.

Total cost of sales for the first half of 2022 was $619.3 million, reflecting an increase of $36.1 million from the same period in 2021. Peru cost of sales increased by $23.8 million mainly driven by higher mining and milling costs due to higher diesel and power prices as well as higher throughput with the ramp-up of Pampacancha operations. Manitoba cost of sales increased by $12.3 million as a result of higher mining costs due to higher production at Lalor offsetting declines in production at 777 mine, and higher milling and general and administrative costs for the same reasons outlined in the second quarter variance. Partially offsetting these increases was a decrease in depreciation of the decommissioning and restoration assets, as increasing discount rates have reduced the overall provision and corresponding asset.


For details on unit operating costs refer to the respective tables in the "Operations Review" section of this MD&A.

For the second quarter of 2022, other significant variances in expenses from operations, compared to the same period in 2021, include the following:

- Impairment loss of $95.0 million, related to certain capitalized costs and assets associated with the previous stand-alone development plan for the Rosemont deposit, which were determined to no longer be recoverable.

- Environmental obligation adjustments increased by $60.2 million, largely as a result of gains on the revaluation of the environmental obligation on our non-producing sites in Manitoba. Specifically, an increase in long term risk-free discount rates resulted in a large decline in the closure cost provision.

Given the long term nature of the reclamation cash flows, the related environmental provision is highly sensitive to changes in long-term risk-free discount rates and, as such, we may continue to experience significant quarterly closure cost provision revaluations.

- Selling and administrative expenses decreased by  $8.4 million compared to the same period in 2021, reflecting a reduction in share based compensation expense as a result of a decline in share prices compared to the same period in 2021.

For the year-to-date 2022, other significant variances in expenses from operations, compared to 2021, include the following:

- Environmental obligation adjustments increased by $135.5 million, largely as a result of gains on the revaluation of the environmental obligation on our non-producing sites in Manitoba for the same reasons outlined in the second quarter variance analysis.

- Impairment loss of $95.0 million, as outlined in the second quarter variance analysis.

- Exploration expenses increased by $8.3 million compared to the same period in 2021, reflecting new drilling programs in Peru and over the Flin Flon tailings area.

- Selling and administrative expenses decreased by $6.5 million compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease was primarily due to lower share based compensation expense as a result of the relative revaluation of previously issued share units to lower share prices during the current year compared to the prior year.


Net finance expense

(in $ thousands)   Three months ended     Six months ended  
  Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
 
                         
Finance costs - accrued or payable:                        
Interest expense on long-term debt   16,911     17,305     33,809     38,538  
Withholding taxes   1,457     1,944     3,020     3,967  
Tender premium on senior unsecured notes   -     -     -     22,878  
Loss (gain) on disposal of investments   3,132     (515 )   3,132     (515 )
Other accrued/payable costs (income)1   1,531     1,932     3,632     4,051  
Total finance costs - accrued or payable   23,031     20,666     43,593     68,919  
                         
Finance costs - non-cash:                        
Accretion on streaming agreements2   7,357     10,536     12,193     26,064  
Change in fair value of financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss   (6,418 )   8,566     798     47,573  
Write off unamortized transaction costs   -     -     -     2,480  
Other non-cash costs3   457     3,943     4,587     7,128  
Total finance costs - non-cash   1,396     23,045     17,578     83,245  
Net finance expense   24,427     43,711     61,171     152,164  
1 Includes interest income and other finance expense.
2 Includes variable consideration adjustment (prior periods).
3 Includes accretion on community agreements, accretion on Wheaton refund liability, unwinding of discount on provisions, and net foreign exchange losses (gains).

Net finance expense during the second quarter ended June 30, 2022, decreased by $19.3 million compared to the second quarter of 2021 due to a $2.3 million increase in accrued finance costs and a $21.6 million decrease in non-cash finance costs.

This overall decrease was primarily driven by a $13.0 million increase in non-cash gains on the revaluation of the gold prepayment liability due to lower gold forward prices, a $4.0 million relative gain on foreign exchange, a decrease in revaluation losses of $2.0 million on our investments consisting of securities in Canadian metals and mining companies, and a $3.2 million reduction in the accretion on streaming arrangements due to a lower interest rate following the amended Peru streaming arrangement in the second quarter of 2021. This decrease was partially offset by a $3.6 million increase in losses on the disposal of certain public investments.

Net finance expense during the first half of 2022, decreased by $91.0 million compared to the same period in 2021 due to a $25.3 million decrease in accrued finance costs and a $65.7 million decrease in non-cash finance costs.

The reduction in net finance expense was primarily driven by the refinancing of senior unsecured notes in the first quarter of 2021. The prior year refinancing included a $49.8 million write-off of a non-cash embedded derivative on the early redemption option associated with our extinguished senior unsecured notes as well as a call premium of $22.9 million, with no corresponding charges recorded in 2022. In addition, we also incurred a $10.8 million reduction in the accretion on streaming arrangements due to a lower interest rate following the amended Peru streaming arrangement in the second quarter of 2021 and a decrease of $5.7 million in revaluation losses on our equity investments. Offsetting these increases was an $8.7 million increase in non-cash losses on the relative revaluation of the gold prepayment liability due to higher gold forward prices relative to the same period in 2021.


Tax (Recovery)/Expense

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, tax expense decreased by $28.9 million and increased by $5.7 million, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2021. The following table provides further details:

    Three months ended     Six months ended  
  Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
(in $ thousands)
Deferred tax (recovery) expense - income tax 1   (21,463 )   6,773     (11,862 )   (19,627 )
Deferred tax expense - mining tax 1   127     93     5,117     11,792  
Total deferred tax (recovery) expense   (21,336 )   6,866     (6,745 )   (7,835 )
Current tax expense - income tax   7,477     1,916     12,954     2,883  
Current tax expense - mining tax   3,220     9,432     8,198     13,676  
Total current tax expense   10,697     11,348     21,152     16,559  
Tax (recovery) expense   (10,639 )   18,214     14,407     8,724  
1 Deferred tax expense (recovery) represents our draw down/increase of non-cash deferred income and mining tax assets/liabilities.

Income Tax Expense/Recovery

Applying the estimated Canadian statutory income tax rate of 26.4% to our profit before taxes of $110.3 million for the year-to-date of 2022 would have resulted in a tax expense of approximately $29.1 million; however, we recorded an income tax expense of $1.1 million. The significant items causing our effective income tax rate to be different than the 26.4% estimated Canadian statutory income tax rate include:

- Deductible temporary differences with respect to Peru and Manitoba, relating to the decommissioning and restoration liabilities, were recognized as we have determined that it is probable that we will realize the recovery of these deferred tax assets based on the timing of the reversals of the deductible temporary differences and the future projected taxable profit of the Manitoba operations. This resulted in a combined deferred tax recovery of $36.8 million.

- Temporary income tax differences not recognized as we have determined that it is not probable that we will realize the recovery of these deferred tax assets. This resulted in a deferred tax expense of $3.7 million.

- Foreign exchange on the translation of deferred tax balances to group currency resulted in a deferred tax expense of $2.4 million.

- The tax expense with respect to our foreign operations are recorded using an income tax rate other than the Canadian statutory income tax rate of 26.4%, resulting in a tax expense of $5.1million.

Mining Tax Expense

Applying the estimated Manitoba mining tax rate of 10.0% to our profit before taxes of $110.3 million for the first quarter of 2022 would have resulted in a tax expense of approximately $11.0 million; however, we recorded a mining tax expense of $13.3 million. Effective mining tax rates can vary significantly based on the composition of our earnings and the expected amount of mining taxable profits. Corporate costs and other costs not related to mining operations are not deductible in computing mining profits. A brief description of how mining taxes are calculated in our various business units is discussed below.

Manitoba

The Province of Manitoba imposes mining tax on profit related to the sale of mineral products mined in the Province of Manitoba (mining taxable profit) at the following rates:

- 10% of total mining taxable profit if mining profit is C$50 million or less;

- Between mining profit of C$50 and $C55 million, mining tax is equal to a minimum of C$5 million plus mining profit less C$50 million multiplied by 65%;

- 15% of total mining taxable profit if mining profits are between C$55 million and C$100 million;

- Between mining profit of C$100 million and C$105 million, mining tax is equal to a minimum of C$15 million plus mining profit less C$100 million multiplied by 57%; and


- 17% of total mining taxable profit if mining profits exceed C$105 million.

We estimate that the tax rate that will be applicable when temporary differences reverse will be approximately 10.0%.

Peru

The Peruvian government imposes two parallel mining tax regimes, the Special Mining Tax and the Modified Royalty, on companies' operating mining income on a sliding scale, with progressive rates ranging from 2.0% to 8.4% and 1.0% to 12.0%, respectively. Based on financial forecasts, we have recorded a deferred tax liability as at June 30, 2022, at the tax rate we expect to apply when temporary differences reverse.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Senior Unsecured Notes

We have $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.5% senior notes due April 2026 and $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.125% senior notes due April 2029.

Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facilities and Surety Bonds

We have two senior secured revolving credit facilities ("the Credit Facilities") for our Canadian and Peruvian businesses, with combined total availability of $450.0 million and substantially similar terms and conditions. As at June 30, 2022, our liquidity includes $258.6 million in cash as well as undrawn availability of $363.6 million under our Credit Facilities. As at June 30, 2022, we were in compliance with our covenants under the Credit Facilities and had drawn $86.4 million in letters of credit under the Credit Facilities.

As at June 30, 2022, the Arizona business unit had $28.3 million in surety bonds issued to support future reclamation and closure obligations. The Peru business unit also had $108.3 million in letters of credit issued with various Peruvian financial institutions to support future reclamation and other operating matters. No cash collateral is required to be posted under these letters of credit or surety bonds.

Financial Condition

Financial Condition as at June 30, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021

Cash decreased by $12.4 million during the first six months of the year to $258.6 million as at June 30, 2022. This decrease was mainly the result of $134.8 million of capital investments primarily at our Peru and Manitoba operations, interest payments of $31.9 million, partial repayment of our gold prepayment liability of $37.2 million, lease payments of $19.8 million, $10.0 million for a scheduled payment related to the Rosemont acquisition, other finance payments of $6.1 million as well as dividends of $2.1 million. Offsetting these cash outflows was cash flow from operating activities of $228.9 million. We hold the majority of our cash in low-risk, liquid investments with major Canadian and Peruvian financial institutions.

Working capital increased by $32.9 million to $180.4 million from December 31, 2021 to June 30, 2022, primarily due to an increase in other financial assets of $43.2 million due to an increase in the fair value of our outstanding fixed for floating copper hedges, an increase in inventories of $34.2 million mainly due to an increase in stockpile inventory as well as a buildup of finished goods inventory at our Peru operations, a decrease in deferred revenue liabilities of $23.0 million due to the closure of the 777 mine, a decrease in other financial liabilities of $18.0 million mainly due to payment of $10.0 million in deferred Rosemont acquisition consideration and declines in the valuation of derivative liabilities, and a decrease in other liabilities of $20.2 million due to changes in decommissioning and restoration liabilities as well as reductions in the provision for stock based compensation. Offsetting these items was a decrease in trade and other receivables of $102.6 million mainly due to timing of sales deliveries and a decrease in cash of $12.4 million.


Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and June 30, 2021:

(in $ thousands)   Three months ended     Six months ended  
  Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
 
Operating cash flow before change in non-cash working capital   123,911     132,786     200,964     223,439  
Change in non-cash working capital   41,695     (36,408 )   27,949     (75,267 )
Cash generated from operating activities   165,606     96,378     228,913     148,172  
Cash used in investing activities   (78,854 )   (99,249 )   (134,586 )   (181,761 )
Cash used in financing activities   (41,470 )   (12,826 )   (106,189 )   (109,617 )
Effect of movement in exchange rates on cash   (85 )   (580 )   (571 )   (1,642 )
Increase (decrease) in cash   45,197     (16,277 )   (12,433 )   (144,848 )

Cash Flow from Operating Activities

Cash generated from operating activities was $165.6 million during the second quarter of 2022, an increase of $69.2 million compared with the same period in 2021. Operating cash flow before change in non-cash working capital was $123.9 million during the second quarter of 2022, reflecting a decrease of $8.9 million compared to the second quarter of 2021. The slight decrease in operating cash flows before changes in working capital is mostly attributable to higher mine operating costs due to inflationary pressures on input costs and higher profit sharing partially offset by higher zinc prices.

Year-to-date cash generated from operating activities was $228.9 million in 2022, an increase of $80.7 million compared to 2021. Operating cash flow before changes in non-cash working capital for the first half of 2022 was $201.0 million, a decrease of $22.5 million compared to 2021. The decrease in operating cash flow before changes in working capital is mostly attributable to the timing of current tax payments, which increased by $15.7 million compared to the first half of 2021, higher mine operating costs due to inflationary pressures on input costs and higher profit sharing partially offset by higher base metal prices.

Cash Flow from Investing and Financing Activities

During the second quarter of 2022, we spent $120.3 million in investing and financing activities, primarily driven by $78.9 million in capital expenditures, $18.6 million in partial settlement of our gold prepayment liability, $10.0 million in capitalized lease payments, $10.0 million for a scheduled deferred payment related to the acquisition of the remaining interest in Rosemont, and $3.0 million in other finance payments.

Year-to-date, we used $240.8 million of cash in investing and financing activities, primarily driven by $134.8 million of capital expenditures, $37.2 million in partial settlement of our gold prepayment liability, $31.9 million of interest payments, $19.8 million in capitalized lease payments, $10.0 million for a scheduled payment related to the Rosemont acquisition, $6.1 million of financing costs mainly related to withholding taxes on our debt obligations and our revolving credit facilities and $2.1 million in dividend payments.


Capital Expenditures

The following summarizes accrued and cash additions to capital assets for the periods indicated:

  Three months ended Six months ended Guidance
Jun. 30,
2022
Jun. 30,
2021
Jun. 30,
2022
Jun. 30,
2021
Annual
(in $ millions) 2022
Manitoba sustaining capital expenditures 36.9 33.8 67.5 54.7 115.0
Peru sustaining capital expenditures 1 28.1 32.2 48.2 45.0 105.0
Total sustaining capital expenditures 65.0 66.0 115.7 99.7 220.0
Arizona capitalized costs 2 12.4 3.3 15.5 6.5 40.0
Peru growth capitalized expenditures 0.1 1.3 0.2 21.2 10.0
Manitoba growth capitalized expenditures 12.6 34.2 17.5 76.1 50.0
Other capitalized costs 0.9 12.7 2.5 14.0 -
Capitalized exploration 2 7.0 1.1 10.1 2.1 40.0
Total other capitalized expenditures 33.0 52.6 45.8 119.9  
Total capital additions 98.0 118.6 161.5 219.6  
           
Reconciliation to cash capital additions:          
Right-of-use asset additions (12.5) (21.4) (20.3) (22.7)  
Change in community agreement accruals 0.1 14.4 (0.8) 1.3  
Change in capital accruals and other (6.7) (11.0) (5.6) (14.7)  
 Total cash capital additions 78.9 100.6 134.8 183.5  
1 Peru sustaining capital expenditures includes capitalized stripping costs.
2 Arizona capital expenditure guidance has increased by $20 million, which includes an additional $15 million in capitalized exploration and $5 million in capitalized costs.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, total capital additions declined by 17% and 26%, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2021 as a result of lower growth spending partially offset by higher sustaining capital expenditures in both Peru and Manitoba for the six months ended June 30, 2022.

Sustaining capital expenditures in Manitoba for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 were $36.9 million and $67.5 million, respectively, representing increases of $3.1 million and $12.8 million compared to the same period in 2021. The increases were mainly due to higher planned capital development and lease additions at Snow Lake, partially offset by reduced spending on the Anderson tailings facility upgrades as the project nears completion and the cessation of capitalizing development costs at 777 given its closure.

Sustaining capital expenditures in Peru for the three months ended June 30, 2022 were $28.1 million, representing a decrease of $4.1 million compared to the same period in 2021. The decreased expenditures mainly relate to lower spending on the tailings management facility expansion during the second quarter. Sustaining capital expenditures in Peru for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were $48.2 million, representing an increase of $3.2 million compared to the same period in 2021. The increased expenditures are primarily due to increased deferred stripping at Pampacancha.

Growth capital spending in Manitoba for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 were $12.6 million and $17.5 million, respectively, reflecting expenditures for the Lalor expansion and recovery improvement projects at both New Britannia and Stall. Compared to the same quarter of 2021, growth capital expenditures decreased by $21.6 million and $58.6 million, respectively, as the comparative period included significant costs related to the New Britannia refurbishment project, which was completed in the fourth quarter of 2021.


Growth capital expenditures in Peru for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 were $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively, representing decreases of $1.2 million and $21.0 million compared to the same periods in 2021. The decrease in year-to-date growth capital expenditures was caused by significant costs incurred in the comparative period to bring Pampacancha to commercial production in the second quarter of 2021.

Arizona's growth capital expenditures for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 were $12.4 million and $15.5 million, respectively, and relate primarily to pre-feasibility study costs associated with Copper World Complex. Following our announcement of the Copper World Complex PEA during the second quarter, we have increased our full year 2022 spending for Arizona by $30 million, a majority of which is expected to be capitalized. Also, with the release of the Copper Word Complex PEA, we have capitalized future exploration expenditures as well as pre-feasibility study costs starting in May 2022.

Other capitalized costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 were $0.9 million and $2.5 million, respectively, which are mostly made up of non-cash capitalized costs.

We expect consolidated sustaining and growth capital expenditures in 2022 to be in line with our full year guidance.

Capital Commitments

As at June 30, 2022, we had outstanding capital commitments in Canada of approximately $51.0 million, of which $49.5 million can be terminated, approximately $32.9 million in Peru primarily related to exploration option agreements, all of which can be terminated, and approximately $34.4 million in Arizona, primarily related to our Copper World Complex, of which approximately $8.2 million can be terminated.

We expect that our financing costs will increase as we anticipate increasing the letters of credit and/or surety bonds required to support recently updated closure plans.


Contractual Obligations

The following table summarizes our significant contractual obligations as at June 30, 2022:

  Less than
12 months
13 - 36
months
37 - 60
months
More than
60 months
Payment Schedule (in $ millions) Total
Long-term debt obligations1 1,579.1 67.4 134.7 703.5 673.5
Gold prepayment obligation2 103.7 69.9 33.8 - -
Lease obligations 142.6 54.0 54.1 17.0 17.5
Purchase obligation - capital commitments 118.3 70.7 18.0 26.0 3.6
Purchase obligation - other commitments3 994.5 335.6 347.4 139.3 172.2
Pension and other employee future benefits obligations2 136.9 11.8 11.3 6.3 107.5
Community agreement obligations4, 5 52.6 7.0 10.1 4.4 31.1
Decommissioning and restoration obligations5 427.6 11.5 7.4 8.0 400.7
Total 3,555.3 627.9 616.8 904.5 1,406.1
1 Long-term debt obligations include scheduled interest payments, as well as principal repayments.
2 Discounted.
3 Primarily made up of long-term agreements with operational suppliers, obligations for power purchase, concentrate handling, fleet and port services, as well as deferred consideration arising from the acquisition of Rosemont's minority interest.
4 Represents community agreement obligations and various finalized land user agreements, including Pampacancha.
5 Undiscounted before inflation.

In addition to the contractual obligations included in the above payment schedule, we also have the following commitments which impact our financial position:

- A profit-sharing plan with most Manitoba employees;

- A profit-sharing plan with all Peru employees;

- Wheaton precious metals stream agreements for the 777 mine and Constancia mines;

- A net smelter returns royalty agreement related to the 777 mine; and,

- Government royalty payments related to the Constancia mine.

Outstanding Share Data

As of August 7, 2022, there were 261,890,008 common shares of Hudbay issued and outstanding. In addition, there were 1,795,419 stock options outstanding.


TREND ANALYSIS AND QUARTERLY REVIEW

A detailed quarterly and annual summary of financial and operating performance can be found in the "Summary of Results" section at the end of this MD&A. The following table sets forth selected consolidated financial information for each of our eight most recently completed quarters:

(in $ millions, except per share amounts,
production on a copper equivalent basis
and average realized copper price)
  2021 2020
2022
Q2 Q1 Q4 Q33 Q2 Q1 Q4 Q3
Production on a copper equivalent basis (tonnes) 46,332 45,085 50,685 42,243 39,289 43,246 47,343 47,445
Average realized copper price ($/lb) 4.28 4.53 4.34 4.26 4.40 3.69 3.29 2.96
Revenue 415.5 378.6 425.2 359.0 404.2 313.6 322.3 316.1
Gross earnings (loss) 89.5 85.3 81.7 (85.4) 82.2 52.5 34.4 39.3
Profit (loss) before tax 21.5 88.9 (0.2) (147.8) 14.8 (69.6) 0.9 (23.9)
Profit (loss) 32.1 63.8 (10.5) (170.4) (3.4) (60.1) 7.4 (24.0)
Adjusted net earnings (loss)1,3 30.5 5.2 32.7 0.9 5.4 (16.1) (16.4) (25.4)
Earnings (loss) per share:                
Basic and diluted 0.12 0.24 (0.04) (0.65) (0.01) (0.23) 0.03 (0.09)
Adjusted net earnings (loss)1,3
per share
0.12 0.02 0.13 0.00 0.02 (0.06) (0.06) (0.10)
Operating cash flow2 123.9 77.1 156.9 103.5 132.8 90.7 86.1 84.4
Adjusted EBITDA1 141.4 110.2 180.3 119.3 143.2 104.2 106.9 96.1
1 Adjusted net earnings (loss), adjusted net earnings (loss) per share, and adjusted EBITDA are non-IFRS financial performance measure with no standardized definition under IFRS. For further information and a detailed reconciliation, please see the discussion under the "Non-IFRS Financial Reporting Measures" section of this MD&A.
2 Operating cash flow before changes in non-cash working capital.
3 The adjusted net earnings (loss) and adjusted net earnings (loss) per share in respect of the third quarter of 2021 were adjusted in our management's discussion and analysis of financial results for the year ended December 31, 2021 due to a change in the computed tax effect on certain adjustments. The adjusted net earnings changed from $38.2 million to an adjusted net earnings of $0.9 million and the adjusted net earnings per share changed from $0.15/share to an adjusted net earnings per share of $0.00/share.

Commodity prices have experienced sizable declines during the second quarter of 2022 impacting our operating results during the quarter. The second quarter results were also impacted by a revaluation gain of $60.7 million pertaining mostly to the environmental obligation on our Flin Flon site due to increases in long-term risk-free interest rates. A pre-tax impairment loss of $95.0 million was recorded following the release of the Copper World Complex PEA as certain assets associated with the previous, stand-alone development plan for the Rosemont deposit are no longer expected to be recoverable.

Results in the first quarter of 2022 benefited from a trend of higher realized base metal prices, but were also impacted by rising operating costs caused by inflation. While we have achieved increased gold production from the higher grade Pampacancha deposit and the higher recovery New Britannia gold mill, we experienced increased levels of COVID-related absenteeism in the workforce, impacting production, and also experienced limited availability of rail cars leading to reduced sales and an inventory build-up. The first quarter results were also impacted by a revaluation gain of $78.2 million pertaining mostly to the environmental obligation on our Flin Flon site and $1.7 million for our non-producing sites in Manitoba caused by an increase in long-term risk-free interest rates.

Results for the fourth quarter of 2021 benefited from higher realized metal prices. This strength in commodity prices combined with higher gold production following the commencement of commercial production at New Britannia and improving copper recoveries led to record revenue of $425.2 million during the quarter. Adjusted EBITDA and operating cash flow both reached record highs. Notwithstanding these records, continued inflationary pressures along with lower copper grades caused operating costs to climb and put pressure on gross margins, compared to earlier quarters. A revaluation of our environmental obligation for the Flin Flon closure plan resulted in a $46.2 million non-cash charge, which negatively impacted net income for the quarter.


During the third quarter of 2021, increasing base metal prices contributed to strong revenues and operating cash flow. Mining at Pampacancha continued to ramp-up, contributing significantly to gold production during the quarter. As a result of the planned closure of Flin Flon operations in mid-2022 and an updated Flin Flon closure plan, non-cash charges totaling $156.3 million were incurred, which negatively impacted gross profit for the quarter. In Peru, ongoing COVID-19 costs, along with lower copper grades, put pressure on operating costs.

Financial results in the second quarter of 2021 benefited from initial production at the Pampacancha pit but were negatively impacted by higher operating costs in Peru and lower Manitoba metal production caused by COVID-19 related impacts as well as lower copper and zinc grades and lower precious metal recoveries.

The first quarter of 2021 saw lower revenues compared to the fourth quarter of 2020 due to a delayed Peru shipment for which revenue could not be recognized, and lower sales volumes from Manitoba related to a buildup of finished goods inventory during the quarter as a result of a lack of rail car availability. First quarter results were negatively impacted by $75.2 million of various finance expenses related to the refinancing of our senior notes.

Following the sharp correction in commodity prices after the initial outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020, commodity prices rose steadily into 2021 providing a tailwind to our operating results. Earnings in the fourth quarter of 2020 were negatively impacted by the 777 production interruption which resulted in $11.7 million in certain overhead costs being expensed through cost of sales.

For information on previous trends and quarterly reviews, refer to our MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2021, dated February 23, 2022.


NON-IFRS FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE MEASURES

Adjusted net earnings (loss), adjusted net earnings (loss) per share, adjusted EBITDA, net debt, cash cost, sustaining and all-in sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced, cash cost and sustaining cash cost per ounce of gold produced and combined unit cost are non-IFRS performance measures. These measures do not have a meaning prescribed by IFRS and are therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other issuers. These measures should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures prepared in accordance with IFRS and are not necessarily indicative of operating profit or cash flow from operations as determined under IFRS. Other companies may calculate these measures differently.

Management believes adjusted net earnings (loss) and adjusted net earnings (loss) per share provides an alternate measure of the Company's performance for the current period and gives insight into its expected performance in future periods. These measures are used internally by the Company to evaluate the performance of its underlying operations and to assist with its planning and forecasting of future operating results. As such, the Company believes these measures are useful to investors in assessing the Company's underlying performance. We provide adjusted EBITDA to help users analyze our results and to provide additional information about our ongoing cash generating potential in order to assess our capacity to service and repay debt, carry out investments and cover working capital needs. Net debt is shown because it is a performance measure used by the Company to assess our financial position. Cash cost, sustaining and all-in sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced are shown because we believe they help investors and management assess the performance of our operations, including the margin generated by the operations and the Company. Cash cost and sustaining cash cost per ounce of gold produced are shown because we believe they help investors and management assess the performance of our Manitoba operations. Combined unit cost is shown because we believe it helps investors and management assess our cost structure and margins that are not impacted by variability in by-product commodity prices.

During 2021, there were non-recurring adjustments for Manitoba operations, including severance, past service pension costs, write-downs of certain machinery and equipment, and inventory supplies write-downs as well as non-cash impairment charges related to an updated Flin Flon closure plan and lower long-term discount rates in the fourth quarter, none of which management believes are indicative of ongoing operating performance and therefore are adjusting items in the calculations of adjusted net earnings (loss) and adjusted EBITDA.

Cash cost and sustaining cash cost per pound of zinc produced was a previously disclosed non-IFRS measure, most recently published in our MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2021, dated February 23, 2022. With the closure of 777 mine and Flin Flon operations, including the zinc plant, in the second quarter of 2022, the production profile of Manitoba has shifted from zinc to gold and therefore we have ceased providing this measure on a go forward basis.

In the first and second quarter of 2022, we recorded a non-cash gain of $79.9 million and $60.7 million, respectively, mostly related to the quarterly revaluation of our Flin Flon environmental provision, which was impacted by rising long-term risk-free discount rates. With closure of 777 mine and Flin Flon operations in the second quarter of 2022 and given the long-term nature of the reclamation cash flows, quarterly revaluation of the corresponding environmental provision remains highly sensitive to changes in long-term risk-free discount rates and, as such, we expect to continue to experience quarterly environmental provision revaluations, which is not indicative of our ongoing operating performance. This item has been included prospectively in our calculation of adjusted earnings.


Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss)

Adjusted net earnings (loss) represents net earnings (loss) excluding certain impacts, net of taxes, such as mark-to-market adjustments, impairment charges and reversal of impairment charges, write-down of assets, and foreign exchange (gain) loss. These measures are not necessarily indicative of net earnings (loss) or cash flows as determined under IFRS.

The following table provides a reconciliation of earnings (loss) per the consolidated interim income statements, to adjusted net earnings (loss) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

    Three months ended     Six months ended  
(in $ millions)   Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
 
Profit (loss) for the period   32.1     (3.4 )   95.9     (63.5 )
Tax (recovery) expense   (10.6 )   18.2     14.4     8.7  
Profit (loss) before tax   21.5     14.8     110.3     (54.8 )
Adjusting items:                        
Mark-to-market adjustments 1   (14.0 )   10.9     (3.5 )   51.7  
Foreign exchange (gain) loss   (2.2 )   1.7     (0.7 )   3.4  
Inventory adjustments   1.9     (0.7 )   1.5     (1.4 )
Variable consideration adjustment - stream revenue and accretion   -     -     (5.8 )   (1.0 )
Impairment loss   95.0     -     95.0     -  
Environmental obligation adjustments 2   (60.7 )   -     (140.5 )   -  
Evaluation expenses   0.7     -     7.7     -  
Insurance recovery   (5.7 )   -     (5.7 )   -  
Write-down of unamortized transaction costs   -     -     -     2.5  
Premium paid on redemption of notes   -     -     -     22.9  
Restructuring charges - Manitoba 3   3.7     -     4.4     -  
Loss on disposal of investments   3.1     -     3.1     -  
 Adjusted earnings before income taxes   43.3     26.7     65.8     23.3  
Tax recovery (expense)   10.6     (18.2 )   (14.4 )   (8.7 )
Tax impact of adjusting items   (23.4 )   (3.1 )   (15.4 )   (25.3 )
Adjusted net earnings (loss)   30.5     5.4     36.0     (10.7 )
Adjusted net earnings (loss) ($/share)   0.12     0.02     0.14     (0.04 )
Basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding (millions)   261.9     261.5     261.8     261.4  
1 Includes changes in fair value of the gold prepayment liability, Canadian junior mining investments, other financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss and share-based compensation expenses.
2 Changes from movements to environmental obligation closure estimates are primarily related to the Flin Flon operations, which were fully depreciated as of June 30, 2022, as well as other Manitoba non-operating sites.
3 Includes closure costs for Flin Flon operations.

After adjusting reported net earnings for those items not considered representative of the Company's core business or indicative of future operations, the Company had an adjusted net earnings in the second quarter of 2022 of $30.5 million or $0.12 earnings per share.


Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA is profit or loss before net finance expense/income, tax expense/recoveries, depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment and deferred revenue, as well as certain other adjustments. We calculate adjusted EBITDA by excluding certain adjustments included within our adjusted net earnings measure which we believe reflects the underlying performance of our core operating activities. The measure also removes the impact of non-cash items and financing costs that are not associated with measuring the underlying performance of our operations. However, our adjusted EBITDA is not the measure defined as EBITDA under our senior notes or revolving credit facilities and may not be comparable with performance measures with the same name reported by other companies. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as a substitute for profit or loss or as a better measure of liquidity than operating cash flow, which are calculated in accordance with IFRS. We provide adjusted EBITDA to help users analyze our results and to provide additional information about our ongoing cash generating potential in order to assess our capacity to service and repay debt, carry out investments and cover working capital needs.

The following table presents the reconciliation of earnings (loss) per the consolidated interim income statements, to adjusted EBITDA for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021:

    Three months ended     Six months ended  
(in $ millions)   Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
 
Profit (loss) for the period   32.1     (3.4 )   95.9     (63.5 )
                         
Add back:                        
Tax (recovery) expense   (10.6 )   18.2     14.4     8.7  
Net finance expense   24.4     43.7     61.2     152.2  
Other (income) expense   (1.3 )   1.6     7.7     3.0  
Depreciation and amortization   87.3     99.3     168.4     182.0  
Amortization of deferred revenue and variable consideration adjustment   (19.2 )   (17.1 )   (47.4 )   (32.3 )
    112.7     142.3     300.2     250.1  
Adjusting items (pre-tax):                        
Environmental obligation adjustments 1   (60.7 )   (0.6 )   (140.5 )   (5.0 )
Impairment loss   95.0     -     95.0     -  
Inventory adjustments   1.9     (0.7 )   1.5     (1.4 )
Share-based compensation (recovery) expense 2   (7.5 )   2.2     (4.3 )   4.0  
 Adjusted EBITDA   141.4     143.2     251.9     247.7  
1 Environmental obligation adjustments were presented within other (income) expense for 2021 periods.
2 Share-based compensation expenses reflected in cost of sales and selling and administrative expenses.

Net Debt

The following table presents our calculation of net debt as at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021:

   
(in $ thousands)   Jun. 30, 2022     Dec. 31,
2021
 
Total long-term debt   1,182,143     1,180,274  
Cash   (258,556 )   (270,989 )
Net debt   923,587     909,285  


Cash Cost, Sustaining and All-in Sustaining Cash Cost (Copper Basis)

Cash cost per pound of copper produced ("cash cost") is a non-IFRS measure that management uses as a key performance indicator to assess the performance of our operations. Our calculation designates copper as our primary metal of production as it has been the largest component of revenues. The calculation is presented in four manners:

- Cash cost, before by-product credits - This measure is gross of by-product revenues and is a function of the efforts and costs incurred to mine and process all ore mined. However, the measure divides this aggregate cost over only pounds of copper produced, our primary metal of production. This measure is generally less volatile from period to period, as it is not affected by changes in the price received for by-product metals. It is, however, significantly affected by the relative mix of copper concentrate and finished zinc production, where the sale of the zinc will occur later, and an increase in production of zinc metal will tend to result in an increase in cash cost under this measure.

- Cash cost, net of by-product credits - In order to calculate the net cost to produce and sell copper, the net of by-product credits measure subtracts the revenues realized from the sale of the metals other than copper. The by-product revenues from zinc, gold, and silver are significant and are integral to the economics of our operations. The economics that support our decision to produce and sell copper would be different if we did not receive revenues from the other significant metals being extracted and processed. This measure provides management and investors with an indication of the minimum copper price consistent with positive operating margins, assuming realized by-product metal prices are consistent with those prevailing during the reporting period. It also serves as an important operating statistic that management and investors utilize to measure our operating performance versus that of our competitors. However, it is important to understand that if by-product metal prices decline alongside copper prices, the cash cost net of by-product credits would increase, requiring a higher copper price than that reported to maintain positive cash flows and operating margins.

- Sustaining cash cost, net of by-product credits - This measure is an extension of cash cost that includes cash sustaining capital expenditures, including payments on capitalized leases, capitalized sustaining exploration, net smelter returns royalties, payments on certain long-term community agreements, as well as accretion and amortization for expected decommissioning activities for producing assets. It does not include corporate selling and administrative expenses. It provides a more fulsome measurement of the cost of sustaining production than cash cost, which is focused on operating costs only.

- All-in sustaining cash cost, net of by-product credits - This measure is an extension of sustaining cash cost that includes corporate G&A, regional costs, accretion and amortization for community agreements relating to current operations, and accretion for expected decommissioning activities for non-producing assets. Due to the inclusion of corporate selling and administrative expenses, all-in sustaining cash cost is presented on a consolidated basis only.

The tables below present a detailed build-up of cash cost and sustaining cash cost, net of by-product credits, by business unit in addition to consolidated all-in sustaining cash cost, net of by-product credits, and reconciliations between cash cost, net of by-product credits, to the most comparable IFRS measures of cost of sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. Cash cost, net of by-product credits may not calculate exactly based on amounts presented in the tables below due to rounding.

Consolidated   Three months ended     Six months ended  
Net pounds of copper produced            
(in thousands)   Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
Peru   46,032     42,015     88,286     81,317  
Manitoba   10,556     9,736     22,761     24,564  
Net pounds of copper produced   56,588     51,751     111,047     105,881  



Consolidated   Three months ended     Six months ended  
    Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
Cash cost per pound of copper produced   $000s     $/lb     $000s     $/lb     $000s     $/lb     $000s     $/lb  
Cash cost, before by-product credits   243,902     4.31     218,899     4.23     485,960     4.37     428,764     4.05  
By-product credits   (207,191 )   (3.66 )   (175,470 )   (3.39 )   (388,864 )   (3.50 )   (328,983 )   (3.11 )
Cash cost, net of by-product credits   36,711     0.65     43,429     0.84     97,096     0.87     99,781     0.94  

Consolidated   Three months ended     Six months ended  
    Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
Supplementary cash cost information   $000s     $/lb 1     $000s     $/lb 1     $000s     $/lb 1     $000s     $/lb 1  
By-product credits2:                                                
Zinc   88,548     1.56     77,707     1.50     155,677     1.40     160,021     1.51  
Gold 3   91,317     1.61     68,880     1.33     175,491     1.58     114,012     1.08  
Silver 3   17,956     0.32     15,443     0.30     36,595     0.33     30,579     0.29  
Molybdenum & other   9,370     0.17     13,440     0.26     21,101     0.19     24,371     0.23  
Total by-product credits   207,191     3.66     175,470     3.39     388,864     3.50     328,983     3.11  
Reconciliation to IFRS:                                                
Cash cost, net of by-product credits   36,711           43,429           97,096           99,781        
By-product credits   207,191           175,470           388,864           328,983        
Treatment and refining charges   (15,033 )         (15,243 )         (27,116 )         (27,178 )      
Inventory adjustments   1,933           (723 )         1,472           (1,446 )      
Share-based compensation expense   (632 )         274           (184 )         458        
Change in product inventory   4,494           15,260           (16,426 )         (7,605 )      
Royalties   3,971           4,288           7,189           8,193        
Depreciation and amortization4   87,305           99,305           168,396           181,987        
Cost of sales5   325,940           322,060           619,291           583,173        
1 Per pound of copper produced. 
2 By-product credits are computed as revenue per financial statements, including amortization of deferred revenue and pricing and volume adjustments. For more information, please see the realized price reconciliation table on page 27 for these figures. 
3 Gold and silver by-product credits do not include variable consideration adjustments with respect to stream arrangements. Variable consideration adjustments are cumulative adjustments to gold and silver stream deferred revenue primarily associated with the net change in mineral reserves and resources or amendments to the mine plan that would change the total expected deliverable ounces under the precious metal streaming arrangement. For the six months ended June 30, 2022 the variable consideration adjustments amounted to income $3,245 (six months ended June 30, 2021 - income of $1,617). 
4 Depreciation is based on concentrate sold. 
5 As per IFRS financial statements. 

Peru   Three months ended     Six months ended  
(in thousands)   Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
Net pounds of copper produced1   46,032     42,015     88,286     81,317  
1 Contained copper in concentrate.  



Peru   Three months ended   Six months ended
    Jun. 30, 2022   Jun. 30, 2021   Jun. 30, 2022   Jun. 30, 2021
Cash cost per pound of
copper produced
  $000s   $/lb   $000s   $/lb   $000s   $/lb   $000s   $/lb
Mining   32,300   0.70   26,133   0.62   60,702   0.69   47,672   0.59
Milling   44,731   0.97   40,286   0.96   92,386   1.05   83,606   1.02
G&A   18,677   0.41   16,910   0.40   34,777   0.39   31,330   0.39
Onsite costs   95,708   2.08   83,329   1.98   187,865   2.13   162,608   2.00
Treatment & refining   9,226   0.20   9,824   0.23   16,811   0.19   16,437   0.20
Freight & other   12,297   0.26   11,555   0.29   21,774   0.25   20,242   0.25
Cash cost, before by-product credits   117,231   2.54   104,708   2.50   226,450   2.57   199,287   2.45
By-product credits   (33,268)   (0.72)   (27,137)   (0.65)   (77,265)   (0.88)   (50,001)   (0.61)
Cash cost, net of by-product credits   83,963   1.82   77,571   1.85   149,185   1.69   149,286   1.84

Peru   Three months ended     Six months ended  
    Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
Supplementary cash cost
information
  $000s     $/lb 1     $000s     $/lb 1     $000s     $/lb 1     $000s     $/lb 1  
By-product credits2:                                                
Gold3   14,191     0.31     8,835     0.21     35,903     0.41     12,989     0.16  
Silver3   11,687     0.25     7,466     0.18     24,678     0.28     16,804     0.21  
Molybdenum   7,390     0.16     10,836     0.26     16,684     0.19     20,208     0.25  
Total by-product credits   33,268     0.72     27,137     0.65     77,265     0.88     50,001     0.61  
Reconciliation to IFRS:                                                
Cash cost, net of by-product credits   83,963           77,571           149,185           149,286        
By-product credits   33,268           27,137           77,265           50,001        
Treatment and refining charges   (9,226 )         (9,824 )         (16,811 )         (16,437 )      
Inventory adjustments   (97 )         (723 )         (558 )         (1,446 )      
Share-based compensation expenses   (100 )         52           (2 )         71        
Change in product inventory   (8,394 )         4,465           (13,166 )         (6,110 )      
Royalties   1,117           578           1,971           1,744        
Depreciation and amortization4   47,811           52,710           96,173           93,145        
Cost of sales5   148,342           151,966           294,057           270,254        
1 Per pound of copper produced.
2 By-product credits are computed as revenue per financial statements, including amortization of deferred revenue and pricing and volume adjustments. For more information, please see the realized price reconciliation table on page 27.
3 Gold and silver by-product credits do not include variable consideration adjustments with respect to stream arrangements.
4 Depreciation is based on concentrate sold.
5 As per IFRS financial statements.



Manitoba   Three months ended     Six months ended  
(in thousands)   Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
Net pounds of copper produced1   10,556     9,736     22,761     24,564  
1 Contained copper in concentrate.  

Manitoba   Three months ended     Six months ended  
    Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
Cash cost per pound of
copper produced
  $000s     $/lb     $000s     $/lb     $000s     $/lb     $000s     $/lb  
Mining   54,500     5.16     54,714     5.62     113,933     5.01     109,134     4.44  
Milling   20,953     1.98     13,655     1.40     42,462     1.87     26,317     1.07  
Refining (zinc)   14,379     1.36     17,908     1.84     32,755     1.44     37,515     1.53  
G&A   23,253     2.21     14,749     1.51     46,146     2.02     30,536     1.24  
Onsite costs   113,085     10.71     101,026     10.38     235,296     10.34     203,502     8.28  
Treatment & refining   5,807     0.55     5,419     0.56     10,305     0.45     10,741     0.44  
Freight & other   7,779     0.74     7,746     0.80     13,909     0.61     15,234     0.62  
Cash cost, before by-product credits   126,671     12.00     114,191     11.73     259,510     11.40     229,477     9.34  
By-product credits   (173,923 )   (16.48 )   (148,333 )   (15.24 )   (311,599 )   (13.69 )   (278,982 )   (11.36 )
Cash cost, net of by-product credits   (47,252 )   (4.48 )   (34,142 )   (3.51 )   (52,089 )   (2.29 )   (49,505 )   (2.02 )



Manitoba   Three months ended     Six months ended  
    Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
Supplementary cash cost
information
  $000s     $/lb 1     $000s     $/lb 1     $000s     $/lb 1     $000s     $/lb 1  
By-product credits2:                                                
Zinc   88,548     8.39     77,707     7.98     155,677     6.84     160,021     6.51  
Gold3   77,126     7.31     60,045     6.17     139,588     6.13     101,023     4.11  
Silver3   6,269     0.59     7,977     0.82     11,917     0.52     13,775     0.56  
Other   1,980     0.19     2,604     0.27     4,417     0.19     4,163     0.17  
Total by-product credits   173,923     16.48     148,333     15.24     311,599     13.69     278,982     11.36  
Reconciliation to IFRS:                                                
Cash cost, net of by-product credits   (47,252 )         (34,142 )         (52,089 )         (49,505 )      
By-product credits   173,923           148,333           311,599           278,982        
Treatment and refining charges   (5,807 )         (5,419 )         (10,305 )         (10,741 )      
Inventory adjustments   2,030           -           2,030           -        
Share-based compensation expenses   (532 )         222           (182 )         387        
Change in product inventory   12,888           10,795           (3,260 )         (1,495 )      
Royalties   2,854           3,710           5,218           6,449        
Depreciation and amortization4   39,494           46,595           72,223           88,842        
Cost of sales5   177,598           170,094           325,234           312,919        
1 Per pound of copper produced.
2 By-product credits are computed as revenue per financial statements, including amortization of deferred revenue and pricing and volume adjustments. For more information, please see the realized price reconciliation table on page 27.
3 Gold and silver by-product credits do not include variable consideration adjustments with respect to stream arrangements.
4 Depreciation is based on concentrate sold.
5 As per IFRS financial statements.



Consolidated   Three months ended     Six months ended  
    Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
All-in sustaining cash cost
per pound of copper
produced
  $000s     $/lb     $000s     $/lb     $000s     $/lb     $000s     $/lb  
Cash cost, net of by-product credits   36,711     0.65     43,429     0.84     97,096     0.87     99,781     0.94  
Cash sustaining capital expenditures   65,173     1.15     68,803     1.33     126,136     1.14     125,257     1.18  
Royalties   3,971     0.07     4,288     0.08     7,189     0.06     8,193     0.08  
Sustaining cash cost, net of by-product credits   105,855     1.87     116,520     2.25     230,421     2.07     233,231     2.20  
Corporate selling and administrative expenses & regional costs   2,479     0.04     10,995     0.22     15,539     0.15     21,759     0.21  
Accretion and amortization of decommissioning and community agreements1   874     0.02     705     0.01     1,595     0.01     1,284     0.01  
All-in sustaining cash cost, net of by-product credits   109,208     1.93     128,220     2.48     247,555     2.23     256,274     2.42  
Reconciliation to property, plant and equipment additions:                                                
Property, plant and equipment additions   70,712           96,090           110,111           178,468        
Capitalized stripping net additions   27,302           22,506           51,448           41,131        
Total accrued capital additions   98,014           118,596           161,559           219,599        
Less other non-sustaining
capital costs2
  32,988           52,655           45,820           119,860        
Total sustaining capital costs   65,026           65,941           115,739           99,739        
Right of use leased assets   (12,501 )         (9,101 )         (20,273 )         (10,422 )      
Capitalized lease cash payments - operating sites   9,313           8,331           18,572           17,519        
Community agreement cash payments   370           108           4,142           343        
Accretion and amortization of decommissioning and restoration obligations   2,965           3,524           7,956           18,078        
Cash sustaining capital expenditures   65,173           68,803           126,136           125,257        
1 Includes accretion of decommissioning relating to non-productive sites, and accretion and amortization of current community agreements.  
2 Other non-sustaining capital costs include Arizona capitalized costs, capitalized interest, capitalized exploration, and growth capital expenditures.  

Peru   Three months ended     Six months ended  
    Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
Sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced   $000s     $/lb     $000s     $/lb     $000s     $/lb     $000s     $/lb  
Cash cost, net of by-product credits   83,963     1.82     77,571     1.85     149,185     1.69     149,286     1.84  
Cash sustaining capital expenditures   35,527     0.78     34,898     0.83     65,566     0.74     54,698     0.67  
Royalties   1,117     0.02     578     0.01     1,971     0.02     1,744     0.02  
Sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced   120,607     2.62     113,047     2.69     216,722     2.45     205,728     2.53  
1 Only includes exploration costs incurred for locations near to existing mine operations.  



Manitoba   Three months ended     Six months ended  
    Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021     Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2021  
Sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced   $000s     $/lb     $000s     $/lb     $000s     $/lb     $000s     $/lb  
Cash cost, net of by-product credits   (47,252 )   (4.48 )   (34,142 )   (3.51 )   (52,089 )   (2.29 )   (49,505 )   (2.02 )
Cash sustaining capital expenditures   29,646     2.81     33,905     3.49     60,570     2.66     70,559     2.88  
Royalties   2,854     0.27     3,710     0.38     5,218     0.23     6,449     0.26  
Sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced   (14,752 )   (1.40 )   3,473     0.36     13,699     0.60     27,503     1.12  

Gold Cash Cost and Gold Sustaining Cash Cost

Cash cost per ounce of gold produced ("gold cash cost") is a non-IFRS measure that management uses as a key performance indicator to assess the performance of our Manitoba operations. This alternative cash cost calculation designates gold as the primary metal of production as it represents a substantial component of revenues for our Manitoba business unit and should therefore be less volatile over time than Manitoba cash cost per pound of copper. The calculation is presented in three manners:

- Gold cash cost, before by-product credits - This measure is gross of by-product revenues and is a function of the efforts and costs incurred to mine and process all ore mined. However, the measure divides this aggregate cost over only ounces of gold produced, the assumed primary metal of production. This measure is generally less volatile from period to period, as it is not affected by changes in the price received for by-product metals.

- Gold cash cost, net of by-product credits - In order to calculate the net cost to produce and sell gold, the net of by-product credits measure subtracts the revenues realized from the sale of the metals other than gold. The by-product revenues from copper, zinc, and silver are significant and are integral to the economics of our Manitoba operation. The economics that support our decision to produce and sell gold would be different if we did not receive revenues from the other significant metals being extracted and processed. This measure provides management and investors with an indication of the minimum gold price consistent with positive operating margins, assuming realized by-product metal prices are consistent with those prevailing during the reporting period. It also serves as an important operating statistic that management and investors utilize to measure our operating performance at our Manitoba operation versus that of our competitors. However, it is important to understand that if by-product metal prices decline alongside gold prices, the gold cash cost net of by-product credits would increase, requiring a higher gold price than that reported to maintain positive cash flows and operating margins.

- Gold sustaining cash cost, net of by-product credits - This measure is an extension of gold cash cost that includes cash sustaining capital expenditures, capitalized exploration, net smelter returns royalties, as well as accretion and amortization for expected decommissioning activities for producing assets. It does not include corporate selling and administrative expenses. It provides a more fulsome measurement of the cost of sustaining production than gold cash cost, which is focused on operating costs only.

The tables below present a detailed build-up of gold cash cost and gold sustaining cash cost, net of by-product credits, for the Manitoba business unit, and reconciliations between gold cash cost, net of by-product credits, to the most comparable IFRS measures of cost of sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022. The introduction of gold cash cost was made in 2022, as gold replaced zinc as the major output within Manitoba's production profile. No comparatives have been disclosed for this metric as Manitoba gold production in 2021 was not considered meaningful. Gold cash cost, net of by-product credits, may not calculate exactly based on amounts presented in the tables below due to rounding.



Manitoba   Three months ended     Six months ended  
(in thousands)   Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2022  
Net ounces of gold produced   44,787     87,954  

Manitoba   Three months ended   Six months ended
    Jun. 30, 2022   Jun. 30, 2022
Cash cost per ounce of gold produced   $000s   $/oz   $000s   $/oz
Cash cost, before by-product credits1   126,671   2,828   259,510   2,950
By-product credits   (135,924)   (3,035)   (250,797)   (2,851)
Gold cash cost, net of by-product credits   (9,253)   (207)   8,713   99
1 For additional detail on cash cost, before by-product credits please see page 47 of this MD&A.

Manitoba   Three months ended     Six months ended  
    Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2022  
Supplementary cash cost information   $000s     $/oz 1     $000s     $/oz1  
By-product credits2:                        
Copper   39,127     874     78,786     896  
Zinc   88,548     1,977     155,677     1,770  
Silver3   6,269     140     11,917     135  
Other   1,980     44     4,417     50  
Total by-product credits   135,924     3,035     250,797     2,851  
Reconciliation to IFRS:                        
Cash cost, net of by-product credits   (9,253 )         8,713        
By-product credits   135,924           250,797        
Treatment and refining charges   (5,807 )         (10,305 )      
Share-based compensation expenses   (532 )         (182 )      
Inventory adjustments   2,030           2,030        
Change in product inventory   12,888           (3,260 )      
Royalties   2,854           5,218        
Depreciation and amortization4   39,494           72,223        
Cost of sales5   177,598           325,234        
1 Per ounce of gold produced.  
2 By-product credits are computed as revenue per financial statements, amortization of deferred revenue and pricing and volume adjustments. For more information, please see the realized price reconciliation table on page 27.
3 Silver by-product credits do not include variable consideration adjustments with respect to stream arrangements.  
4 Depreciation is based on concentrate sold.  
5 As per IFRS financial statements.  



Manitoba   Three months ended     Six months ended  
    Jun. 30, 2022     Jun. 30, 2022  
Sustaining cash cost per ounce of gold produced   $000s     $/oz     $000s     $/oz  
Gold cash cost, net of by-product credits   (9,253 )   (207 )   8,713     99  
Cash sustaining capital expenditures   29,646     662     60,570     689  
Royalties   2,854     64     5,218     59  
Sustaining cash cost per ounce of gold produced   23,247     519     74,501     847  


Combined Unit Cost and Zinc Plant Unit Cost Reconciliation

Combined unit cost ("unit cost") and zinc plant unit cost is a non-IFRS measure that management uses as a key performance indicator to assess the performance of our mining and milling operations. Combined unit cost and zinc plant unit cost are calculated by dividing the cost of sales by mill throughput and refined zinc metal produced, respectively. This measure is utilized by management and investors to assess our cost structure and margins and compare it to similar information provided by other companies in our industry. Unlike cash cost, this measure is not impacted by variability in by-product commodity prices since there are no by-product deductions; costs associated with profit-sharing and similar costs are excluded because of their correlation to external metal prices. In addition, the unit costs are reported in the functional currency of the operation which minimizes the impact of foreign currency fluctuations. In all, the unit cost measures provide an alternative perspective on operating cost performance with minimal impact from external market prices.

The tables below present a detailed combined unit cost and zinc plant unit costs for the Manitoba business unit and combined unit cost for the Peru business unit, and reconciliations between these measures to the most comparable IFRS measures of cost of sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

Peru   Three months ended     Six months ended  
(in thousands except unit cost per tonne)   Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
 
Combined unit cost per tonne processed
Mining   32,300     26,133     60,702     47,672  
Milling   44,731     40,286     92,386     83,606  
G&A 1   18,677     16,910     34,777     31,330  
Other G&A 2   (1,050 )   52     (1,621 )   71  
    94,658     83,381     186,244     162,679  
Less: COVID-19 related costs   1,275     6,293     3,596     10,894  
Unit cost   93,383     77,088     182,648     151,785  
Tonnes ore milled   7,771     7,413     14,985     13,776  
Combined unit cost per tonne   12.02     10.40     12.19     11.02  
Reconciliation to IFRS:                        
Unit cost   93,383     77,088     182,648     151,785  
Freight & other   12,297     11,555     21,774     20,242  
COVID-19 related costs   1,275     6,293     3,596     10,894  
Other G&A   1,050     (52 )   1,621     (71 )
Share-based compensation expenses   (100 )   52     (2 )   71  
Inventory adjustments   (97 )   (723 )   (558 )   (1,446 )
Change in product inventory   (8,394 )   4,465     (13,166 )   (6,110 )
Royalties   1,117     578     1,971     1,744  
Depreciation and amortization   47,811     52,710     96,173     93,145  
Cost of sales3   148,342     151,966     294,057     270,254  
1 G&A as per cash cost reconciliation above.  
2 Other G&A primarily includes profit sharing costs.  
3 As per IFRS financial statements.  



Manitoba   Three months ended     Six months ended  
(in thousands except tonnes ore milled and unit cost per tonne)   Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
    Jun. 30,
2022
    Jun. 30,
2021
 
Combined unit cost per tonne processed
Mining   54,500     54,714     113,933     109,134  
Milling   20,953     13,655     42,462     26,317  
G&A 1   23,253     14,749     46,146     30,536  
Less: G&A allocated to zinc metal production and other areas   (3,141 )   (3,724 )   (6,523 )   (8,320 )
Less: Other G&A related to profit sharing costs   (10,206 )   (1,274 )   (20,230 )   (640 )
Unit cost   85,359     78,120     175,788     157,027  
USD/CAD implicit exchange rate   1.27     1.23     1.27     1.23  
Unit cost - C$   108,806     95,927     223,310     193,267  
Tonnes ore milled   649,318     646,987     1,300,651     1,291,717  
Combined unit cost per tonne - C$   168     148     172     150  
Reconciliation to IFRS:                        
Unit cost   85,359     78,120     175,788     157,027  
Freight & other   7,779     7,746     13,909     15,234  
Refined (zinc)   14,379     17,908     32,755     37,515  
G&A allocated to zinc metal production   3,141     3,724     6,523     8,320  
Other G&A related to profit sharing   10,206     1,274     20,230     640  
Share-based compensation expenses   (532 )   222     (182 )   387  
Inventory adjustments   2,030     -     2,030     -  
Change in product inventory   12,888     10,795     (3,260 )   (1,495 )
Royalties   2,854     3,710     5,218     6,449  
Depreciation and amortization   39,494     46,595     72,223     88,842  
Cost of sales2   177,598     170,094     325,234     312,919  
1 G&A as per cash cost reconciliation above.  
2 As per IFRS financial statements.  



Manitoba   Three months ended     Three months ended  
(in thousands except zinc plant unit cost per pound)   June 30,
2022
    June 30,
2021
    June 30,
2022
    June 30,
2021
 
Zinc plant unit cost
                         
Zinc plant costs   14,379     17,908     32,755     37,515  
G&A 1   23,253     14,749     46,146     30,536  
Less: G&A allocated to other areas   (9,906 )   (9,751 )   (19,393 )   (21,577 )
Less: Other G&A related to profit sharing   (10,206 )   (1,274 )   (20,230 )   (640 )
Zinc plant unit cost   17,520     21,632     39,278     45,834  
                         
USD/CAD implicit exchange rate   1.28     1.23     1.27     1.23  
Zinc plant unit cost - C$   22,475     26,585     50,036     56,249  
Refined metal produced (in pounds)   39,311     49,425     83,542     107,863  
Zinc plant unit cost per pound - C$   0.57     0.54     0.60     0.52  
                         
Reconciliation to IFRS:                        
Zinc plant unit cost   17,520     21,632     39,278     45,834  
Freight & other   7,779     7,746     13,909     15,234  
Mining   54,500     54,714     113,933     109,134  
Milling   20,953     13,655     42,462     26,317  
G&A allocated to other areas   9,906     9,751     19,393     21,577  
Other G&A related to profit sharing   10,206     1,274     20,230     640  
Share-based payment   (532 )   222     (182 )   387  
Inventory adjustments   2,030     0     2,030     -  
Change in product inventory   12,888     10,795     (3,260 )   (1,495 )
Royalties   2,854     3,710     5,218     6,449  
Depreciation and amortization   39,494     46,595     72,223     88,842  
Cost of sales2   177,598     170,094     325,234     312,919  
1 G&A as per cash cost reconciliation above.  
2 As per IFRS financial statements.  


ACCOUNTING CHANGES AND CRITICAL ESTIMATES

New standards and interpretations not yet adopted

For information on new standards and interpretations not yet adopted, refer to note 4 of our June 30, 2022 consolidated interim financial statements.

Estimates and judgements

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires us to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies, reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

We review these estimates and underlying assumptions on an ongoing basis based on our experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected. Certain accounting estimates and judgements have been identified as being "critical" to the presentation of our financial condition and results of operations because they require us to make subjective and/or complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain; or there is a reasonable likelihood that materially different amounts could be reported under different conditions or using different assumptions and estimates.

For more information on judgements and estimates, refer to note 2 of our June 30, 2022 consolidated interim financial statements.

CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting ("ICFR"). ICFR is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS.

We did not make any changes to ICFR during the three months ended June 30, 2022 that materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our ICFR.

NOTES TO READER

Forward-Looking Information

This MD&A contains forward-looking information within the meaning of applicable Canadian and United States securities legislation. All information contained in this MD&A, other than statements of current and historical fact, is forward-looking information. Often, but not always, forward-looking information can be identified by the use of words such as "plans", "expects", "budget", "guidance", "scheduled", "estimates", "forecasts", "strategy", "target", "intends", "objective", "goal", "understands", "anticipates" and "believes" (and variations of these or similar words) and statements that certain actions, events or results "may", "could", "would", "should", "might" "occur" or "be achieved" or "will be taken" (and variations of these or similar expressions). All of the forward-looking information in this MD&A is qualified by this cautionary note.

Forward-looking information includes, but is not limited to, production, cost and capital and exploration expenditure guidance, expectations regarding an increase in community investments following formalization of an agreement with the community of Uchucarcco, expectations regarding the impact of COVID-19 and inflationary pressures on the cost of operations, financial condition and prospects, expectations regarding our cash balance and liquidity for the remainder of the year, expectations regarding the Copper World Complex project, including our plans for a pre-feasibility study and potential optimization work, expectations regarding the permitting requirements for the Copper World Complex and permitting related litigation, expectations regarding the Snow Lake transition, including anticipated timelines for achieving target throughput and recoveries at the New Britannia mill, increasing the mining rate at Lalor to 5,300 tonnes per day and implementing the Stall mill recovery improvement program, expectations regarding the Flin Flon closure process and the transition of personnel and equipment to Snow Lake, expectations regarding an agreement with the community of Uchucarcco and the ability to commence exploration work on the Maria Reyna and Caballito properties, anticipated mine plans, anticipated metals prices and the anticipated sensitivity of our financial performance to metals prices, events that may affect our operations and development projects, anticipated cash flows from operations and related liquidity requirements, the anticipated effect of external factors on revenue, such as commodity prices, estimation of mineral reserves and resources, mine life projections, reclamation costs, economic outlook, government regulation of mining operations, and business and acquisition strategies. Forward-looking information is not, and cannot be, a guarantee of future results or events. Forward-looking information is based on, among other things, opinions, assumptions, estimates and analyses that, while considered reasonable by us at the date the forward-looking information is provided, inherently are subject to significant risks, uncertainties, contingencies and other factors that may cause actual results and events to be materially different from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking information.


The material factors or assumptions that we identified and were applied by us in drawing conclusions or making forecasts or projections set out in the forward-looking information include, but are not limited to:

- our ability to continue to operate safely and at full capacity despite COVID-19 related challenges;

- the availability, global supply and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines, the effective distribution of such vaccines in the countries in which we operate, the lessening of restrictions related to COVID-19, and the anticipated rate and timing for each of the foregoing;

- the ability to achieve production and cost guidance;

- no significant interruptions to our operations due to COVID-19 or social or political unrest in the regions Hudbay operates;

- no interruptions to our plans for advancing the Copper World Complex project;

- formalization of an exploration agreement with the community of Uchucarcco in respect of the Maria Reyna and Caballito properties

- the ability to ramp-up the New Britannia mill to target throughput and recoveries and achieve the anticipated production;

- the ability to ramp up the Lalor mine to 5,300 tonnes per day;

- the success of mining, processing, exploration and development activities;

- the scheduled maintenance and availability of our processing facilities;

- the accuracy of geological, mining and metallurgical estimates;

- anticipated metals prices and the costs of production;

- the supply and demand for metals we produce;

- the supply and availability of all forms of energy and fuels at reasonable prices;

- no significant unanticipated operational or technical difficulties;

- the execution of our business and growth strategies, including the success of our strategic investments and initiatives;

- the availability of additional financing, if needed;

- the ability to complete project targets on time and on budget and other events that may affect our ability to develop our projects;

- the timing and receipt of various regulatory and governmental approvals;

- the availability of personnel for our exploration, development and operational projects and ongoing employee relations;

- maintaining good relations with the labour unions that represent certain of our employees in Manitoba and Peru;

- maintaining good relations with the communities in which we operate, including the neighbouring Indigenous communities and local governments;

- no significant unanticipated challenges with stakeholders at our various projects;

- no significant unanticipated events or changes relating to regulatory, environmental, health and safety matters;

- no contests over title to our properties, including as a result of rights or claimed rights of Indigenous peoples or challenges to the validity of our unpatented mining claims;

- the timing and possible outcome of pending litigation and no significant unanticipated litigation;

- certain tax matters, including, but not limited to current tax laws and regulations, changes in taxation policies and the refund of certain value added taxes from the Canadian and Peruvian governments; and


- no significant and continuing adverse changes in general economic conditions or conditions in the financial markets (including commodity prices and foreign exchange rates).

The risks, uncertainties, contingencies and other factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking information may include, but are not limited to, risks associated with COVID-19 and its effect on our operations, financial condition, projects and prospects, uncertainty with respect to the political and social environment in Peru and its potential impact on our mining operations, risks generally associated with the mining industry and the current geopolitical environment, including future commodity prices, currency and interest rate fluctuations, energy and consumable prices, supply chain constraints and general cost escalation in the current inflationary environment, uncertainties related to the development and operation of our projects, risks related to the preliminary economic assessment of the Copper World Complex project, including in relation to permitting, litigation, project delivery and financing risks, risks related to the new Lalor mine plan, including the continuing ramp-up of the New Britannia mill and the ability to convert inferred mineral resource estimates to higher confidence categories, the potential that additional financial assurance will be required to support the updated Flin Flon closure plan, dependence on key personnel and employee and union relations, risks related to political or social instability, unrest or change, risks in respect of Indigenous and community relations, rights and title claims, operational risks and hazards, including the cost of maintaining and upgrading the Company's tailings management facilities and any unanticipated environmental, industrial and geological events and developments and the inability to insure against all risks, failure of plant, equipment, processes, transportation and other infrastructure to operate as anticipated, compliance with government and environmental regulations, including permitting requirements and anti-bribery legislation, depletion of our reserves, volatile financial markets and interest rates that may affect our ability to obtain additional financing on acceptable terms, the failure to obtain required approvals or clearances from government authorities on a timely basis, uncertainties related to the geology, continuity, grade and estimates of mineral reserves and resources, and the potential for variations in grade and recovery rates, uncertain costs of reclamation activities, our ability to comply with our pension and other post-retirement obligations, our ability to abide by the covenants in our debt instruments and other material contracts, tax refunds, hedging transactions, as well as the risks discussed under the heading "Risk Factors" in our most recent Annual Information Form.

Should one or more risk, uncertainty, contingency or other factor materialize or should any factor or assumption prove incorrect, actual results could vary materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking information. Accordingly, you should not place undue reliance on forward-looking information. We do not assume any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking information after the date of this MD&A or to explain any material difference between subsequent actual events and any forward-looking information, except as required by applicable law.

Note to United States Investors

This MD&A has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the securities laws in effect in Canada, which may differ materially from the requirements of United States securities laws applicable to U.S. issuers.

Qualified Person and NI 43-101

The technical and scientific information in this MD&A related to our material mineral projects has been approved by Olivier Tavchandjian, P. Geo, our Vice President, Exploration and Technical Services. Mr. Tavchandjian is a qualified person pursuant to NI 43-101.

Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability. The Copper World Complex PEA is preliminary in nature, includes inferred resources that are considered too speculative geologically to have the economic considerations applied to them that would enable them to be categorized as mineral reserves and there is no certainty the PEA will be realized.

For a description of the key assumptions, parameters and methods used to estimate mineral reserves and resources at Hudbay's material properties, as well as data verification procedures and a general discussion of the extent to which the estimates of scientific and technical information may be affected by any known environmental, permitting, legal title, taxation, sociopolitical, marketing or other relevant factors, please see the technical reports for our material properties as filed by us on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.


SUMMARY OF RESULTS

The following unaudited tables set out a summary of quarterly and annual results for the Company.

    Q2 2022     Q1 2022     2021 4     Q4 2021     Q3 20215     Q2 2021     Q1 2021     2020 4     Q4 2020     Q3 2020     Q2 2020  
Consolidated Financial Condition ($000s)  
Cash $ 258,556   $ 213,359   $ 270,989   $ 270,989   $ 297,451   $ 294,287   $ 310,564   $ 439,135   $ 439,135   $ 449,014   $ 391,136  
Total long-term debt   1,182,143     1,181,119     1,180,274     1,180,274     1,182,612     1,181,195     1,180,798     1,135,675     1,135,675     1,175,104     988,418  
Net debt1    923,587     967,760     909,285     909,285     885,161     886,908     870,234     696,540     696,540     726,090     597,282  
Consolidated Financial Performance ($000s except per share amounts)                                
Revenue $ 415,454   $ 378,619   $ 1,501,998   $ 425,170   $ 358,961   $ 404,242   $ 313,624   $ 1,092,418   $ 322,290   $ 316,108   $ 208,913  
Cost of sales   325,940     293,351     1,370,979     343,426     444,379     322,060     261,112     1,053,418     287,923     276,830     221,567  
Earnings (loss) before tax   21,504     88,861     (202,751 )   (149 )   (147,830 )   14,819     (69,592 )   (179,089 )   911     (23,944 )   (74,604 )
Earnings (loss)   32,143     63,815     (244,358 )   (10,453 )   (170,411 )   (3,395 )   (60,102 )   (144,584 )   7,406     (23,955 )   (51,901 )
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share $ 0.12   $ 0.24   $ (0.93 ) $ (0.04 ) $ (0.65 ) $ (0.01 ) $ (0.23 ) $ (0.55 ) $ 0.03   $ (0.09 ) $ (0.20 )
Adjusted earnings (loss) per share 1 $ 0.12   $ 0.02   $ 0.09   $ 0.13   $ -   $ 0.02   $ (0.06 ) $ (0.46 ) $ (0.06 ) $ (0.10 ) $ (0.15 )
Operating cash flow before change in non-cash working capital 1   123,911     77,053     483,862     156,917     103,509     132,786     90,656     241,863     86,071     84,383     29,457  
Adjusted EBITDA (in $ millions) 1   141.4     110.2     547.1     180.3     119.3     143.2     104.2     306.7     106.9     96.1     49.1  
Consolidated Operational Performance
Contained metal in concentrate and doré produced 2                                            
Copper   25,668     24,702     99,470     28,198     23,245     23,474     24,553     95,333     27,278     25,395     18,026  
Gold   58,645     53,956     193,783     64,159     54,276     39,848     35,500     124,622     32,376     29,277     32,614  
Silver   864,853     784,357     3,045,481     899,713     763,177     685,916     696,673     2,750,873     730,679     671,685     580,817  
Zinc   17,053     22,252     93,529     23,207     20,844     21,538     27,940     118,130     25,843     30,570     31,222  
Molybdenum   390     207     1,146     275     282     295     294     1,204     333     392     124  
Payable metal in concentrate and doré sold                                                        
Copper   23,650     20,609     92,200     24,959     21,136     25,176     20,929     88,888     22,963     25,903     15,951  
Gold   50,884     48,343     168,358     56,927     47,843     38,205     25,383     122,949     35,179     30,605     30,590  
Silver   738,171     864,591     2,427,508     638,640     701,601     577,507     509,760     2,585,586     762,384     705,495     541,785  
Zinc 3   20,793     17,306     96,435     21,112     21,619     25,361     28,343     109,347     28,431     26,520     27,604  
Molybdenum   208     213     1,098     245     304     265     284     1,321     457     313     120  
Cash cost 1 $ 0.65   $ 1.11   $ 0.74   $ 0.51   $ 0.62   $ 0.84   $ 1.04   $ 0.60   $ 0.43   $ 0.65   $ 0.29  
Sustaining cash cost $ 1.87   $ 2.29   $ 2.07   $ 1.95   $ 1.97   $ 2.25   $ 2.16   $ 1.93   $ 1.97   $ 2.02   $ 1.59  
All-in sustaining cash cost 1 $ 1.93   $ 2.54   $ 2.30   $ 2.20   $ 2.18   $ 2.48   $ 2.37   $ 2.16   $ 2.24   $ 2.25   $ 1.91  

1Net debt, adjusted earnings (loss) per share, adjusted EBITDA, cash cost, sustaining cash cost and all-in sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits, are non-IFRS financial performance measures with no standardized definition under IFRS. For further information and a detailed reconciliation, please see discussion under the "Non-IFRS Financial Reporting Measures" section of this MD&A.

2 Metal reported in concentrate is prior to deductions associated with smelter contract terms.

3 Includes refined zinc metal sold.

4 Annual consolidated results may not calculate based on amounts presented in this table due to rounding.
5 The Q3 2021 adjusted net earnings (loss) and adjusted net earnings (loss) per share have been adjusted for changes made in the computation of tax impacts on certain adjusting items. The adjusted net earnings per share changed from $ 0.15/share to adjusted net earnings of $0.00/share. See the "Trend Analysis and Quarterly Review" section of this MD&A for further details.



      Q2 2022     Q1 2022     2021 5     Q4 2021     Q3 2021     Q2 2021     Q1 2021     2020 5     Q4 2020     Q3 2020     Q2 2020  
Peru Operations                                                                    
Constancia ore mined1 tonnes   7,017,114     6,908,151     29,714,327     7,742,469     6,208,019     8,016,373     7,747,466     27,529,950     9,313,784     8,455,668     2,775,286  
Copper %   0.33     0.32     0.31     0.33     0.30     0.30     0.30     0.32     0.31     0.31     0.34  
Gold g/tonne   0.04     0.04     0.04     0.04     0.04     0.04     0.04     0.03     0.03     0.03     0.04  
Silver g/tonne   3.53     3.22     2.88     2.81     2.76     3.02     2.90     2.75     2.61     2.55     2.90  
Molybdenum %   0.01     0.01     0.01     0.01     0.01     0.01     0.01     0.02     0.01     0.02     0.02  
Pampacancha ore mined1 tonnes   1,211,387     847,306     5,141,001     2,107,196     2,050,813     982,992     -     -     -     -     -  
Copper %   0.29     0.27     0.27     0.27     0.27     0.26     -     -     -     -     -  
Gold g/tonne   0.28     0.43     0.30     0.34     0.27     0.27     -     -     -     -     -  
Silver g/tonne   4.25     4.06     4.02     4.26     3.58     4.43     -     -     -     -     -  
Molybdenum %   0.01     0.01     0.01     0.01     0.01     0.01     -     -     -     -     -  
Ore milled tonnes   7,770,706     7,213,833     28,809,755     8,048,925     6,985,035     7,413,043     6,362,752     26,297,318     7,741,714     7,480,655     4,355,482  
Copper %   0.32     0.31     0.32     0.33     0.30     0.31     0.33     0.34     0.33     0.33     0.34  
Gold g/tonne   0.09     0.08     0.08     0.11     0.11     0.07     0.04     0.03     0.03     0.03     0.04  
Silver g/tonne   3.64     3.26     3.35     3.67     3.93     2.88     2.84     2.87     2.74     2.68     3.04  
Molybdenum %   0.01     0.01     0.01     0.01     0.01     0.01     0.01     0.02     0.02     0.02     0.01  
Copper recovery %   85.0     85.3     84.6     86.0     84.9     83.3     84.1     83.0     85.3     83.3     76.6  
Gold recovery %   60.3     59.8     64.6     63.6     71.9     62.2     52.0     49.8     52.7     51.6     43.4  
Silver recovery %   64.2     66.9     63.7     60.8     59.1     68.2     69.9     66.9     70.1     66.7     59.6  
Molybdenum recovery %   38.8     21.1     31.5     26.7     33.5     33.3     33.4     29.4     28.4     30.4     19.9  
Contained metal in concentrate                                                                    
Copper tonnes   20,880     19,166     77,813     22,856     18,072     19,058     17,827     73,150     21,554     20,803     11,504  
Gold ounces   13,858     10,789     50,306     17,917     17,531     10,220     4,638     12,395     3,689     3,333     2,311  
Silver ounces   584,228     505,568     1,972,949     578,140     521,036     468,057     405,714     1,622,972     477,775     430,208     253,687  
Molybdenum tonnes   390     207     1,146     275     282     295     294     1,204     333     392     124  
Payable metal sold                                                                    
Copper tonnes   18,473     16,825     71,398     20,551     16,065     19,946     14,836     68,506     18,583     21,654     9,023  
Gold ounces   8,430     14,452     41,807     16,304     16,902     5,638     2,963     10,986     3,297     3,753     1,317  
Silver ounces   484,946     636,133     1,490,651     380,712     457,263     315,064     337,612     1,518,548     480,843     433,595     242,519  
Molybdenum tonnes   208     213     1,098     245     304     265     284     1,321     457     313     120  
Peru combined unit operating cost 2,3,4 $/tonne $ 12.02   $ 12.37   $ 10.70   $ 9.96   $ 10.93   $ 10.40   $ 11.74   $ 9.46   $ 10.17   $ 9.85   $ 7.77  
Peru cash cost3 $/lb $ 1.82   $ 1.54   $ 1.54   $ 1.28   $ 1.26   $ 1.85   $ 1.82   $ 1.45   $ 1.47   $ 1.54   $ 1.31  
Peru sustaining cash cost3 $/lb $ 2.62   $ 2.27   $ 2.46   $ 2.46   $ 2.31   $ 2.69   $ 2.36   $ 2.20   $ 2.58   $ 2.29   $ 1.84  
1 Reported tonnes and grade for ore mined are estimates based on mine plan assumptions and may not fully reconcile to ore milled.  
2 Reflects combined mine, mill and general and administrative ("G&A") costs per tonne of ore milled. Reflects the deduction of expected capitalized stripping costs.  
3 Combined unit costs, cash cost, and sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced, net of by-product credits, are non-IFRS financial performance measures with no standardized definition under IFRS. For further information and a detailed reconciliation, please see the discussion under the "Non-IFRS Financial Reporting Measures" section of this MD&A  
4 2022 and 2021 combined unit costs exclude COVID-19 related costs.  
5 Annual consolidated results may not calculate based on amounts presented in this table due to rounding.  



    Q2 2022 Q1 2022 2021 1 Q4 2021 Q3 2021 Q2 2021 Q1 2021 2020 1 Q4 2020 Q3 2020 Q2 2020
Manitoba Operations                        
Lalor ore mined tonnes 412,653 386,752 1,593,141 422,208 392,380 356,951 421,602 1,654,240 468,101 357,213 407,408
Copper % 0.70 0.80 0.71 0.78 0.86 0.64 0.57 0.74 0.80 0.66 0.77
Zinc % 3.06 4.06 4.23 4.19 3.60 3.81 5.20 5.73 5.54 5.98 6.05
Gold g/tonne 3.73 3.76 3.41 3.92 3.85 3.19 2.67 2.51 2.79 2.28 2.64
Silver g/tonne 23.95 22.94 24.66 30.35 22.13 22.98 22.75 25.31 24.96 21.23 28.4
777 ore mined tonnes 226,286 258,069 1,053,710 266,744 256,536 255,170 275,260 991,576 164,856 264,905 281,890
Copper % 1.03 1.19 1.28 1.13 1.06 0.82 2.06 1.40 1.89 0.98 1.72
Zinc % 3.51 4.12 3.91 4.16 3.88 3.57 4.00 3.88 2.98 3.95 4.13
Gold g/tonne 1.62 1.69 2.03 1.80 1.96 1.97 2.39 1.90 1.85 2.01 1.91
Silver g/tonne 20.63 21.05 25.25 25.02 22.99 23.35 29.32 24.13 21.64 24.25 25.73
Stall & New Britannia Concentrator Combined:                  
Ore milled tonnes 406,006 397,301 1,506,756 419,727 408,201 317,484 361,344 1,412,751 372,624 335,739 334,601
Copper % 0.73 0.82 0.72 0.75 0.82 0.68 0.60 0.73 0.79 0.68 0.76
Zinc % 3.20 4.24 4.30 4.12 3.58 4.06 5.53 5.76 5.47 6.11 6.16
Gold g/tonne 3.93 3.87 3.42 3.90 3.84 3.19 2.57 2.55 2.88 2.35 2.70
Silver g/tonne 23.98 23.16 24.95 30.07 23.32 22.02 23.40 25.37 24.43 22.08 28.72
Copper recovery % 89.5 87.5 86.8 88.7 84.3 88.8 85.7 86.2 87.1 84.0 86.6
Zinc recovery % 75.5 85.7 88.9 87.4 88.2 88.1 91.1 91.9 90.9 92.7 92.4
Gold recovery % 58.8 58.4 54.9 54.6 53.4 55.5 57.5 60.0 59.5 57.4 62.3
Silver recovery % 58.1 60.0 54.4 53.9 52.7 55.1 56.2 60.4 60.3 57.5 62.1
Flin Flon Concentrator:                      
Ore milled tonnes 243,312 254,032 1,133,516 262,565 258,062 329,503 283,386 1,205,314 225,663 322,156 324,906
Copper % 1.02 1.20 1.23 1.12 1.06 0.89 1.88 1.28 1.59 0.99 1.52
Zinc % 3.60 4.13 3.95 4.16 3.86 3.65 4.20 4.21 3.87 4.07 4.41
Gold g/tonne 1.64 1.70 2.04 1.78 1.96 2.06 2.34 1.96 1.99 1.99 1.99
Silver g/tonne 20.76 21.23 24.90 25.04 22.93 23.65 28.01 24.26 22.65 24.01 25.56
Copper recovery % 85.5 87.6 87.7 86.7 85.2 84.8 91.3 86.0 88.1 83.9 87.3
Zinc recovery % 82.9 83.2 83.0 83.1 82.2 84.8 81.8 85.5 83.9 87.9 84.9
Gold recovery % 56.4 57.7 58.5 59.2 58.1 52.9 64.0 56.0 56.6 55.3 58.6
Silver recovery % 51.0 52.5 45.1 45.6 42.4 37.5 54.1 45.9 46.5 42.0 50.7
1 Annual consolidated results may not calculate based on amounts presented in this table due to rounding.


    Q2 2022 Q1 2022 2021 4 Q4 2021 Q3 2021 Q2 2021 Q1 2021 2020 4 Q4 2020 Q3 2020 Q2 2020
Manitoba Operations (continued)  
Total Manitoba contained metal in concentrate produced                                            
Copper tonnes   4,788     5,536     21,657     5,342     5,173     4,416     6,726     22,183     5,724     4,592     6,522  
Zinc tonnes   17,053     22,252     93,529     23,207     20,844     21,538     27,940     118,130     25,843     30,570     31,222  
Gold ounces   37,346     36,887     134,475     37,644     36,341     29,628     30,862     112,227     28,687     25,944     30,303  
Silver ounces   264,651     268,743     1,066,003     315,054     242,131     217,859     290,959     1,127,901     252,904     241,477     327,130  
Precious metal in doré produced                                                              
Gold ounces   7,441     6,280     9,002     8,598     404     -     -     -     -     -     -  
Silver ounces   15,974     10,046     6,529     6,519     10     -     -     -     -     -     -  
Total Manitoba payable metal sold and doré                                                               
Copper tonnes   5,177     3,784     20,802     4,408     5,071     5,230     6,093     20,382     4,380     4,249     6,928  
Zinc1 tonnes   20,793     17,306     96,435     21,112     21,619     25,361     28,343     109,347     28,431     26,520     27,604  
Gold ounces   42,454     33,891     126,551     40,623     30,941     32,567     22,420     111,963     31,882     26,852     29,273  
Silver ounces   253,225     228,458     936,857     257,928     244,338     262,443     172,148     1,067,038     281,541     271,900     299,266  
Manitoba combined unit operating cost2,3 C$/tonne   $168     176     $154     $168     $147     $148     $151     $132     $140     $126     $135  
Manitoba copper cash cost3 $/lb $ (4.48 )   (0.40 ) $ (2.11 ) $ (2.77 ) $ (1.64 ) $ (3.51 ) $ (1.04 ) $ (2.20 ) $ (3.48 ) $ (3.41 ) $ (1.51 )
Manitoba sustaining copper cash cost3 $/lb $ (1.40 )   2.33   $ 0.69   $ (0.23 ) $ 0.75   $ 0.36   $ 1.62   $ 1.02   $ (0.36 ) $ 0.83   $ 1.16  
Manitoba gold cash cost 3, 5 $/oz $ (207 )   416   $ -   $ -   $ -   $ -   $ -   $ -   $ -   $ -   $ -  
Manitoba sustaining gold cash cost 3,5 $/oz $ 519     1,187   $ -   $ -   $ -   $ -   $ -   $ -   $ -   $ -   $ -  
1 Includes refined zinc metal sold.  
2 Reflects combined mine, mill and G&A costs per tonne of milled ore.  
3 Combined unit costs, cash cost, and sustaining cash cost per pound of copper produced, cash cost, and sustaining cash cost per ounce of gold produced, net of by-product credits, are non-IFRS financial performance measures with no standardized definition under IFRS. For further information and a detailed reconciliation, please see the discussion under the "Non-IFRS Financial Reporting Measures" section of this MD&A.  
4 Annual consolidated results may not calculate based on amounts presented in this table due to rounding.  
5 Cash cost and sustaining cash cost per ounce of gold produced, net of by-product credits were introduced in 2022 and do not have a published comparative.