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Deferred revenue (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Statement [Line Items]  
Disclosure of changes in deferred revenue [Table Text Block]
  Balance, January 1, 2016 $ 597,260  
       Recognition of revenue   (65,762 )
       Effects of changes in foreign exchange   6,354  
  Balance, December 31, 2016 $ 537,852  
        Recognition of revenue   (48,958 )
        Effects of changes in foreign exchange   9,150  
         
  Balance, December 31, 2017 $ 498,044  
Disclosure of detailed information about deferred revenue [Table Text Block]
      Dec. 31, 2017     Dec. 31, 2016  
  Current $   49,907   $ 65,619  
  Non-current   448,137     472,233  
               
    $   498,044   $ 537,852