tssi20171231

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

☒

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission file number: 001-33627

TSS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	20-2027651
(State or other jurisdiction	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
of incorporation or organization)

110 E. Old Settlers Road	78664
Round Rock, TX	(Zip Code)
(Address of principal executive offices)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code

(512)-310-1000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act: None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act:

Common Stock, $.0001 par value

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☐	Non-accelerated filer ☐	[Do not check if a smaller
Smaller reporting company ☒			reporting company]
Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of June 30, 2017, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s voting and non-voting Common Stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $1,783,543. Such aggregate market value was computed by reference to the closing sale price of the Common Stock as reported on the OTCQB tier of OTC Markets Group, Inc., a centralized quotation service that collects and publishes market maker quotes for over-the-counter securities, on such date. For purposes of making this calculation only, the registrant has defined “affiliates” as including all directors, executive officers and stockholders owning more than 10% of the registrant’s common stock, but excluding any institutional stockholders owning 10% or more of the registrant’s common stock.

Number of shares of Common Stock outstanding as of March 23, 2018: 15,540,676

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Certain portions of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement, relating to our 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after the end of the 2017 fiscal year are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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From time to time, we make oral and written statements that may constitute “forward looking statements” (rather than historical facts) as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 or by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) in its rules, regulations and releases, including Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). We desire to take advantage of the “safe harbor” provisions in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 for forward-looking statements made from time to time, including, but not limited to, the forward-looking statements made in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (this “Annual Report”), as well as those made in other filings with the SEC.

Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “believes,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “continue,” “forecast,” “foresee” or other similar words. Such forward-looking statements are based on our management’s current plans and expectations and are subject to risks, uncertainties and changes in plans that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those described under “Risk Factors” set forth in Item 1A of this Annual Report.

We expressly disclaim any obligation to release publicly any updates or changes in our expectations or any changes in events, conditions, or circumstances on which any forward-looking statement is based.

As used herein, expect as otherwise indicated by the context, the terms “TSS,” “Company,” “we”, “us” and “our” are used to refer to TSS, Inc. and our wholly-owned subsidiaries.

TSS, Inc. is a provider of comprehensive services for the planning, design, deployment, maintenance, and refurbishment of end-user and enterprise systems, including the mission-critical facilities they are housed in. We provide a single-source solution for enabling technologies in data centers, operation centers, network facilities, server rooms, security operations centers, communications facilities and the infrastructure systems that are critical to their function. Our services consist of technology consulting, design and engineering, project management, systems integration, system installations and facilities management.

We were incorporated in Delaware in December 2004. As a holding company, we operate through our wholly owned subsidiaries, VTC, LLC d/b/a Total Site Solutions (“VTC”) and Innovative Power Systems, Inc. Our headquarters are in Round Rock, Texas, and we also have an office in Dulles, Virginia.

Our business is concentrated on the data center infrastructure and services market. This market continues to be highly competitive as commerce moves to cloud-based solutions and as data storage requirements continue to escalate exponentially driven by video, mobility and big data requirements. These underlying macroeconomic trends are driving demand for more information technology equipment and more efficient data center design and operation, resulting in continued overall growth in this market. We compete in large growing market segments, often against larger competitors who have greater resources. We have been successful with several large customers in winning contracts and providing business to us under “Master Service Agreements”, and the loss of any such customers could have a material negative effect on our results.

Since the middle of 2016 we have changed our business strategy to pivot the business focus from large, one-off, low-margin data center design and build projects, towards providing services that generate higher margins and provide recurring revenue streams from ongoing services, such as our facilities maintenance offering and our systems integrations services. This shift was intended to reduce quarterly fluctuations in revenues and margins, and to transition us towards higher margin service lines to improve the overall profitability of the Company. In 2016 we sold a portion of our facilities management business in Maryland that was not geared towards the modular data center market, and we made the decision to outsource multiple services including consulting engineering and project management that we had previously provided directly. We can still provide these services to customers when required and will do so when it will lead to additional higher margin service offerings that we provide. We will provide these former services through use of third party contractors. In January 2017, we sold a customer contract that was a part of our project management business. Collectively these actions generated $1.3 million in proceeds, resulted in staffing and overhead cost reductions, and allowed us to close our facility in Maryland. These actions reduced our level of operating expenses and allowed us to significantly improve our gross profit and to achieve operating profitability on a quarterly and annual basis during 2017.

We have developed a unique set of solution offerings whereby we provide a range of services that enable our customers and partners to more efficiently plan, develop, deploy and maintain data centers and their related assets. These solutions begin with strategies for the care of information technology assets that are being housed in the facility or modular data center, including power, cooling and heat rejection, as well as disaster recovery backup systems. We assist our customers and partners in developing and implementing total cost of ownership models that enable them to design and build efficient data centers based on their available capital. Our operating expenses are not exclusively aligned to each service offering, as shared resources such as sales, marketing and general and administrative expenses support all services. Our solutions involve all aspects of the life cycle of both traditional and modular data centers and are described in more detail below.

During the initial phase of a data center project, we provide project development-related services that typically include establishing project goals and a preliminary budget and schedules, setting technical parameters and requirements, and determining project team members and the overall requirements of the team.

Design and engineering consulting services typically include critical power and mechanical load calculations, mechanical design and engineering, high and medium voltage electrical design and engineering, communications and security systems design and engineering, physical vulnerability assessments, force protection design and bomb blast analyses, fire protection system design and engineering, facility systems equipment selection and facility commissioning and testing. These offerings also include post commissioning support of on-going operations.

Our strategy is intended to increase the amount of recurring revenues we generate from our existing customers, IT equipment partners, and major systems integrators. Our mission critical facilities experience and skills position us as a trusted advisor to our customers and allow us to work on new opportunities as our customers grow and partners introduce us to new client opportunities. We now primarily out-source these services following staff changes made during 2016.

In connection with the deployment of a customer’s data center or related equipment requirements, our capabilities include project management, value engineering and design management, bid negotiation support, subcontractor pre-qualification and selection, long-lead equipment procurement, issuance of equipment and construction contracts, and refinement and management of project budgets and schedules. Our project managers mobilize the required expertise for the project, utilizing project superintendents, quality control and safety professionals, as well as qualified subcontractors and support personnel. Project managers supervise work by project team members, including subcontracted parties, including all aspects of the following: architecture and construction, electric power systems, heat rejection and cooling, energy management and controls, cooling tower systems, security systems, voice, data and network cabling, fire and life safety systems, and process piping and plumbing systems. The project manager remains responsible for managing all aspects of the project until project completion and customer delivery.

The installation portion of facility projects is typically the longest in duration when compared to other project phases. In addition, this portion has the largest number of outside influences that can impact project goals and objectives, such as weather, non-performance of subcontractors, equipment deliveries, unexpected project changes from the owner, and influence from local authorities and utility providers. Therefore, management experience, skill and mission focus are critical during the project installation period.

We provide a comprehensive maintenance and service offering designed to ensure that the multiple systems critical to sustaining on-line applications in technologically intensive facilities and modular data centers remain operational and functional. Typical facilities management services include overall management of the post-construction facility maintenance program, and on-site staffing of technical engineering positions (e.g., electricians, HVAC mechanics, control technicians and voice/data technicians). Increasingly, data centers are being constructed in a modular format, whereby information technology, power and other related assets are deployed in pre-integrated solutions. Modular data centers may have lower overall cost of delivery, lower energy consumption and shorter deployment schedules compared to traditional data centers. We have developed a team to deploy and maintain high-density modular data centers. Our on-site maintenance services provide additional project revenue for us and position us for involvement in any new facility planning, design and construction initiatives that the customer undertakes.

In addition, we provide 24X7 Network Operations support primarily from our Round Rock, Texas facility that has the capability of remotely monitoring our data center service contract customers’ facilities for systems operations and emergency events that could lead to outages. Temperature levels, humidity, electrical connectivity, power usage and fire alarm conditions are among the items monitored. The system maintains all site documentation for repairs and maintenance performed on each critical piece of equipment covered under our services. The information is useful to our customers in assessing operational efficiency and causes of failure and enables them to make critical decisions on repair or replacement strategies based on the operating history of the monitored systems.

Our facilities maintenance service contracts are typically one to four years in duration with cancellation clauses for nonperformance and are typically billed annually in advance. Our service contracts take different forms including fixed-price equipment maintenance with optional comprehensive warranty to fix failures in key components such as UPS or batteries, ticket-based service provided at contracted rates in a master service agreement, comprehensive facility services agreements that include on site staffing, scheduled equipment maintenance and nontechnical facility services, and direct job-specific contracts for additional moves, add and change work within a facility.

As computer density increased and data centers evolved into the use of modular form factors, we found that we could leverage our facilities maintenance experience and infrastructure by offering maintenance service of modules being deployed into new data centers. The number of modular units under our service contracts has continued to expand. Our design services continue to evolve to support changing data center requirements. Ultimately, we started working with IT vendors to help them in the design and integration of their IT equipment into modular data centers, which typically leads to ongoing maintenance contracts as these modular systems deploy.

To assist our customers with IT-equipment deployment in their data centers we provide what we call “systems integration” services. We provide integrated technology services and software tools designed to accelerate the delivery of complex information technology solutions. These services include custom configuration of a broad scope of information technology products including client products, enterprise products, clusters and modular containers. The integration of this equipment at both a rack-level or modular data center level is performed to our customer specifications and test criteria. We are generally not responsible for the performance of the related equipment in the field. In addition, we provide warehousing of high value equipment such as servers, switches and other information technology hardware that are generally provided on a consignment basis. Occasionally, we will procure and resell the information technology hardware for our customers.

Our customers include IT equipment, technology and service companies, and private sector businesses that in some cases are the end users of the facility or in other cases are providing a facility to a government or commercial end user.

Three customers comprised 82% and 64% of our total revenue for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Our marketing approach emphasizes expertise in information technology hardware systems, energy consumption, real estate matters and facilities planning and operation. This marketing approach allows the customer to contract for comprehensive facilities services or to contract separately for each individual project phase. Our marketing program seeks to capitalize on our industry standing, including our existing relationships and our reputation based upon our performance on completed projects. We also seek to enhance our name recognition through the use of trade shows, technical seminars, direct mailings and the media. A key part of our selling strategy is entering into master service agreements with multiple partners and co-selling our range of services to the end-user customers of our partners, leveraging their customer relationships and broadening the scope of potential customers for us.

Our headcount in sales and marketing has fluctuated as we have worked to align the skill sets with our evolving service offering, leverage partner relationships and increase the consultative capability of our sales organization.

Maintaining key alliances is also crucial to sales development and growth and often provides us with introductions to the customers of our alliance partners. These alliances reside with various information technology consulting firms, specialty mission-critical engineering firms, application service providers and internet service providers. Key alliance opportunities also reside in other firms within the market sector such as equipment manufacturers, product suppliers, property management firms, developers, information technology system integrators and firmware providers. We have key strategic alliances with large information technology corporations to provide engineering, design, construction management services, systems integration, modular solutions and facility management services.

The mission-critical information technology solutions market is large, fragmented and highly competitive. We compete for contracts based on the strength of our customer relationships, successful past performance record, significant technical expertise, specialized knowledge and broad service offerings. We often compete against divisions of large information technology service and equipment providers of various sizes. Some of these competitors are large, well-established companies that have broader geographic scope and greater financial and other resources than us. In some cases, because of diverse requirements, we frequently collaborate with these and other competitors for large projects. We expect competition in the information technology services sector to continue to increase in the future.

Because of the breadth of services that we provide, we face many different competitors some of which are our customers or vendors. An example of some of our competitors include the following:

We believe that, while we face large and small competitors across the spectrum of our service offerings, we are uniquely positioned to provide services to IT and facilities across both modular and traditional data center markets. We believe by providing a single source solution focused in the data center market we provide our customers an integrated solution cost effectively.

At December 31, 2017, we had 66 full-time employees. Our future success will depend significantly on our ability to attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel. We are not a party to any collective bargaining agreement and we have not experienced any strikes or work stoppages. We consider our relationship with our employees to be satisfactory.

We file annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and proxy statements relating to our annual stockholders’ meeting with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Copies of these filings, including amendments to such filings are available, free of charge, on our website, www.totalsitesolutions.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Information contained on our website is not and should not be deemed to be a part of this Annual Report or a part of any other report or filing with the SEC. All reports that we file with the SEC are available to read and copy at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549, on official business days during the hours of 10:00 am to 3:00 pm. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC maintains an internet site at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC.

Our business involves a number of risks, some of which are beyond our control. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Such factors could have a significant impact on our business, operating results and financial condition. We believe the most significant of these risks and uncertainties are as follows:

Our independent registered public accounting firm’s report contains an explanatory paragraph that expresses substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a “going concern”

Our consolidated financial statements included in this annual report have been prepared on the basis that we will continue to operate as a going concern. Accordingly, assets and liabilities are recorded on the basis that we will be able to realize our assets and discharge our liabilities in the normal course of business. Although we have operating and net income in 2017, our history of negative working capital and our stockholders’ deficit may, by themselves, cause uncertainty about our ability to continue to operate our business as a going concern. Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements describes the actions we have taken and could take to improve our liquidity.

Our business plans and our assumptions around the adequacy of our liquidity are based on estimates regarding expected revenues and future costs and our ability to secure additional sources of funding if needed. However, our revenue may not meet our expectations, or our costs may exceed our estimates. Further, our estimates may change, and future events or developments may also affect our estimates. Any of these factors may change our expectation of cash usage in 2018 or significantly affect our level of liquidity, which may require us to take other measures to reduce our operating costs or obtain funding in order to continue operating. Any action to reduce operating costs may negatively affect our range of products and services that we offer or our ability to deliver such products and services, which could materially impact our financial results depending on the level of cost reductions taken.

In its audit report on our financial statements, our independent registered public accounting firm noted that we have a history of operating losses and a net capital deficiency. As a result of these conditions, the audit report contains an explanatory paragraph that raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

We derive a significant portion of our revenues from a limited number of customers.

We derive and believe that we will continue to derive in the near term a significant portion of our revenues from a limited number of customers. To the extent that any significant customer uses less of our services or terminates its relationship with us, our revenues could decline significantly, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. After the sale of certain components of our business in 2017 and 2016, our customer concentration increased and revenue from our largest customer comprised 67% of our total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to 39% of our total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016. No other customers were greater than 10% of revenue in 2017. Our three largest customers comprised 64% of total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2016.

If we are unable to raise additional capital as needed, we may not be able to satisfy our obligations as they become due.

Our primary sources of funds to meet our liquidity and capital requirements include cash on hand, funds generated from operations including the funds from our customer financing programs, and borrowings under our receivable factoring agreement. In May 2016, we entered into a receivables-factoring agreement with RTS Financial Service, Inc. (“RTS”). Under the terms of this agreement, we may offer for sale, and RTS in its sole discretion may purchase eligible receivables of the Company (the “Purchased Accounts”). Upon purchase, RTS becomes the absolute owner of the Purchased Accounts, which are payable directly to RTS, subject to certain repurchase obligations of the Company. The willingness of RTS to make advances to us by purchasing eligible accounts receivable is subject to customary conditions for financings of this nature. If we are unable to satisfy those conditions, RTS could refrain from providing financing to us, and we might not have sufficient cash on hand to fund our ongoing operations. Further, the sale of certain components of our business reduced the number of eligible customers and receivables, thereby reducing our ability to use this facility as a source of liquidity.

As a result, we may need to raise additional capital or obtain an alternative source of credit to fund our operations in the future. Failure to raise capital or obtain alternative credit when needed, on acceptable terms, could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations, and we may not be able to continue our business as currently contemplated.

We have a history of operating losses and we may experience net losses in the future.

Although we achieved net income of $0.8 million in 2017, we experienced a net loss of $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 and have a history of recurring annual net losses in years prior including from inception through 2009 and from 2012 through 2016. We believe that the changes we made in 2017 and 2016 have improved our profitability and allowed us to achieve profitable quarters in the last seven quarters, but we do have a history of fluctuating operating results. Our efforts to align costs with sales and gross margin volume have reduced our level of overhead, but there can be no guarantee that we will be successful in sustaining or increasing profitability in 2018 or beyond. The uncertainty of a rapidly changing competitive marketplace has created a volatile and challenging business climate, which may continue to negatively impact our customers and their spending and investment decisions. We may not be able to generate the level of revenue necessary to achieve and maintain sustainable profitability. Any failure to maintain and grow our revenue volumes would adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.

We have substantial amounts of goodwill and other intangibles, and changes in future business conditions could cause these assets to become impaired, requiring substantial write-downs that would adversely affect our operating results.

We have substantial amounts of goodwill and other intangibles resulting from prior acquisitions of businesses. Under generally accepted accounting principles, we do not amortize goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a purchase business combination that are determined to have indefinite useful lives, but instead review them annually (or more frequently if impairment indicators arise) for impairment. We are amortizing certain other intangibles over their useful lives. To the extent we determine that such assets have been impaired, we will write-down their carrying value on our consolidated balance sheet and book an impairment charge in our consolidated statement of operations. During each of the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, we conducted such analyses that resulted in no impairment. The net carrying value of goodwill and other indefinite lived intangibles totaled $1.9 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The net carrying value of finite lived intangible assets totaled $0.6 million and $0.7 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016.

Most of our contracts may be canceled on short notice, so our revenue and potential profits are not guaranteed.

Most of our contracts are cancelable on short notice by the customer either at its convenience or upon our default. If one of our customers terminates a contract at its convenience, then we typically are able to recover only costs incurred or committed, settlement expenses and profit on work completed prior to termination, which could prevent us from recognizing all of our potential revenue and profit from that contract. If one of our customers terminates the contract due to our default, we could be liable for excess costs incurred by the customer in re-procuring services from another source, as well as other costs. Many of our contracts, including our service agreements, are periodically open to bid. We may not be the successful bidder on our existing contracts that are re-bid. We also provide a portion of our services on a non-recurring, project-by-project basis. We could experience a reduction in our revenue, profitability and liquidity if our customers cancel a significant number of contracts, we fail to win a significant number of our existing contracts upon re-bid or we complete the required work under a significant number of our non-recurring projects and cannot replace them with similar projects. In addition, we provide services under certain master service agreements. If these agreements are terminated, we would be unable to provide on-going services to those customers.

We submit change orders to our customers for work we perform beyond the scope of some of our contracts. If our customers do not approve these change orders, our results of operations could be adversely impacted.

We typically submit change orders under some of our contracts for payment of work performed beyond the initial contractual requirements. The applicable customers may not approve or may contest these change orders and we cannot assure you that these claims will be approved in whole, in part or at all. If these claims are not approved, our net income and results of operations could be adversely impacted.

We may not accurately estimate the costs associated with services provided under fixed-price contracts, which could impair our financial performance.

Approximately 85% of our revenue is derived from fixed price contracts. Under these contracts, we set the price of our services and assume the risk that the costs associated with our performance may be greater than we anticipated. Our profitability is therefore dependent upon our ability to estimate accurately the costs associated with our services. These costs may be affected by a variety of factors, such as lower than anticipated productivity, conditions at the work sites differing materially from what was anticipated at the time we bid on the contract, and higher than expected costs of materials and labor. Certain agreements or projects could have lower margins than anticipated or losses if actual costs for contracts exceed our estimates, which could reduce our profitability and liquidity.

We warrant customer equipment against failure in some of our fixed price contracts, and a major equipment failure could have a material impact on our financial performance.

Under some of our maintenance contracts we provide limited warranties for the continued performance of equipment, including batteries and actuators used in modular data centers. We estimate the anticipated failure or replacement rate of this equipment, but if a customer location experienced a failure rate of equipment greater than we anticipated, we would incur higher equipment replacement costs and incur a loss on that maintenance contract, and potentially this could have a material negative impact on our profitability and liquidity.

We may choose, or be required, to pay our subcontractors even if our customers do not pay or delay paying us for the related services.

We use subcontractors to perform many portions of our services and to manage work flow. In some cases, we pay our subcontractors before our customers pay us for the related services. If we choose, or are required, to pay our subcontractors for work performed for customers who fail to pay, or delay paying us for the related work, we could experience a decrease in profitability and liquidity.

We operate in a highly competitive industry, which could reduce our growth opportunities, revenue and operating results.

The mission-critical information technology industry in which we operate is highly competitive and continues to become more competitive. We often compete against divisions of large information technology consulting and integration companies, including several that are large domestic companies that may have financial, technical and marketing resources that exceed our own. These larger competitors have an infrastructure and support greater than ours, and accordingly, we continue to experience some price pressure as some companies are willing to take on projects at lower margins. Our competitors may develop the expertise, experience and resources to provide services that are equal or superior in both price and quality to our services, and we may not be able to maintain or enhance our competitive position. Our size often prevents us from bidding on larger, more profitable projects, which significantly reduces our growth opportunities. Although our customers currently outsource a significant portion of these services to us and our competitors, we can offer no assurance that our existing or prospective customers will continue to outsource specialty contracting services to us in the future.

The industries we serve have experienced and may continue to experience rapid technological, structural and competitive changes that could reduce the need for our services and adversely affect our revenues.

The mission-critical information technology industry is characterized by rapid technological change, intense competition and changing consumer and data center needs. We generate a significant portion of our revenues from customers in the mission-critical information technology industry. New technologies, or upgrades to existing technologies by customers, could reduce the need for our services and adversely affect our revenues and profitability. Improvements in existing technology may allow companies to improve their networks without physically upgrading them. Reduced demand for our services or a loss of a significant customer could adversely affect our results of operations, cash flows and liquidity.

We may be unable to hire and retain sufficient qualified personnel and the loss of any of our key personnel may adversely affect our business.

We believe that our future success will depend in large part on our ability to attract and retain highly skilled, knowledgeable, sophisticated and qualified managerial, professional and technical personnel. Our business involves the development of tailored solutions for customers, a process that relies heavily upon the expertise and services of employees. Accordingly, our employees are one of our most valuable resources. Competition for skilled personnel is intense in our industry. Recruiting and training these personnel require substantial resources. Our failure to attract and retain qualified personnel could increase our costs of performing our contractual obligations, reduce our ability to efficiently satisfy our customers’ needs, limit our ability to win new business and constrain our future growth.

If we are unable to engage appropriate subcontractors or if our subcontractors fail to perform their contractual obligations, our performance as a prime contractor and ability to obtain future business could be materially and adversely impacted.

Our contract performance may involve subcontracts with other companies upon which we rely to perform all or a portion of the work we are obligated to deliver to our customers. Our inability to find and engage appropriate subcontractors or a failure by one or more of our subcontractors to satisfactorily deliver on a timely basis the agreed-upon supplies and/or perform the agreed-upon services may materially and adversely affect our ability to perform our obligations as a prime contractor.

In extreme cases, a subcontractor’s performance deficiency could result in the customer terminating the contract for default with us. A default termination could expose us to liability for excess costs of procurement by the customer and have a material adverse effect on our ability to compete for future contracts and task orders.

Security breaches and attacks on our computer systems could lead to significant costs and disruptions that could harm our business, financial results and reputation.

We are reliant upon a number of third party and internally-developed software programs to operate our business. We store and transmit our own as well as customer information and data, including individual data of and about their end-user customers. Maintaining the security and availability of our services, network and internal IT systems and the security of information we hold is a critical issue or us and our customers. Any software failure or corruption, including cyber-based attacks or network security breaches, could lead to the dissemination of proprietary information or sensitive, personal or confidential data about us, our employees, customers and end-user customers, could threaten our ability to provide services to our customers, generate negative publicity about us, result in litigation and increased legal liability or fines or lead to government inquiry or oversight. The occurrence of any of these events could harm our business or damage our brand and reputation, lead to loss of customers, higher expenses and possibly imped our present and future success in retaining and attracting new customers.

A successful assault on our infrastructure would be damaging to our reputation and could adversely affect our financial condition. Similar security risks exist with respect to our business partners and the third-party vendors we rely on for aspects of our information technology infrastructure, support services and administrative functions. As a result, ware subject to the risk that the activities of our business partners and third-party vendors may adversely affect our business even if an attack or breach does not directly impact our systems.

Because we do not currently intend to pay dividends on our common stock, stockholders will benefit from an investment in our common stock only if it appreciates in value.

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock. We currently intend to retain all future earnings, if any, for use in the operations and expansion of our business. As a result, we do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination as to the declaration and payment of cash dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on factors our board of directors deems relevant, including, among others, our results of operations, financial condition and cash requirements, business prospects, and the terms of our credit facility and other financing arrangements. Accordingly, realization of a gain on stockholders’ investments will depend on the appreciation of the price of our common stock. There is no guarantee that our common stock will appreciate in value or even maintain the price at which stockholders purchased their shares.

Our insiders beneficially own a significant portion of our outstanding common stock. Future sales of common stock by these insiders may have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.

Our officers, directors or their affiliates beneficially own approximately 5.9 million shares of common stock or approximately 38% of our outstanding common shares as of March 30, 2018. Stock sales by our directors and officers are subject to compliance with our Code of Conduct and preapproval process from the Chief Financial Officer. Sales of a substantial number of these shares in the public market could decrease the market price of our common stock. In addition, the perception that such sales might occur may cause the market price of our common stock to decline. Future issuances or sales of our common stock could have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.

Our shares are not widely traded, and daily trading volume is generally very low compared with most publicly traded companies. As a result, you may not be able to readily resell your shares in the company.

Our common stock may be characterized as a “penny stock” under applicable SEC regulations.

Our common stock may be characterized as “penny stock” under SEC regulations. As such, broker-dealers dealing in our common stock may be subject to the disclosure rules for transactions involving penny stocks, which generally require that, prior to a purchase, the broker-dealer determine if purchasing the common stock is suitable for the applicable purchaser. The broker-dealer must also obtain the written consent of the applicable purchasers to purchase the common stock and disclose the best bid and offer prices available for the common stock and the price at which the broker-dealer last purchased or sold the common stock. These additional burdens imposed upon broker-dealers may discourage them from effecting transactions in our common stock, which could make it difficult for an investor to sell his, her or its shares at any given time.

We lease a production facility, warehouse and office space in Round Rock, Texas. We also lease an office facility in Dulles, Virginia. We believe that our current facilities are adequate for our operations and additional or replacement facilities would be available if necessary.

We are not a party to any material litigation in any court, and we are not aware of any contemplated proceeding by any governmental authority against us. From time to time, we are involved in various legal matters and proceedings concerning matters arising in the ordinary course of business. We believe that any potential liability arising out of these matters and proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The market for our common stock is limited due to the relatively low trading volume of our common stock and lack of analyst coverage. Our common stock is currently quoted on the OTCQB tier of OTC Markets Group, Inc. under the symbol “TSSI.” The OTCQB is a centralized quotation service that collects and publishes market maker quotes for over-the-counter securities in real time. Over-the-counter market quotations, like those on the OTCQB, reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.

The following table sets forth the high and low bid prices for our common stock for each of the quarters of 2017 and 2016 as reported by the OTC Markets Group:

As of March 23, 2018, there were 53 stockholders of record of our common stock, although we believe there is a larger number of beneficial owners.

We did not pay dividends on our outstanding stock during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. We currently intend to retain all future earnings, if any, for use in the operations and expansion of our business. As a result, we do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination as to the declaration and payment of cash dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on factors our board of directors deems relevant, including, among others, our results of operations, financial condition and cash requirements, business prospects and the terms of our credit facilities and other financing arrangements.

The following table provides information as of December 31, 2017 with respect to shares of our common stock that may be issued under equity compensation plans:

The information called for by this item is not required as we are a smaller reporting company.

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion contains statements that are forward-looking. These statements are based on expectations and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially because of, among other reasons, factors discussed in Item 1A – Risk Factors and elsewhere in this Annual Report. The commentary should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes and other statistical information included in this Annual Report.

TSS, Inc. (“TSS”, the “Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”) provides comprehensive services for the planning, design, deployment, maintenance, and refurbishment of end-user and enterprise systems, including the mission-critical facilities they are housed in. We provide a single source solution for enabling technologies in data centers, operation centers, network facilities, server rooms, security operations centers, communications facilities and the infrastructure systems that are critical to their function. Our services include technology consulting, design and engineering, project management, systems integration, system installations and facilities management. Through actions taken in the second half of 2016 and first quarter of 2017, as described below, we believe we have streamlined our business and reduced operating expenses to improve liquidity and assist us in achieving consistent profitability.

Our headquarters are in Round Rock, Texas, and we also have an office in Dulles, Virginia.

Our business is concentrated on the data center infrastructure and services market. This market continues to be highly competitive as commerce moves to cloud-based solutions and as data storage requirements continue to escalate for many industries. These underlying macroeconomic trends are driving demand for more information technology equipment and more efficient data center design and operation, resulting in continued overall growth in this market. We compete against many larger competitors who have greater resources than we do, which may affect our competitiveness in the market. We rely on several large customers to win contracts and to provide business to us under “Master Service Agreements”, and the loss of such customers could have a material negative effect on our results.

Our initial focus in 2017 involved completing the transition of our business that we started in the second half of 2016. We made the decision in 2016 to focus our activities on the modular data center area and concentrate our business around our systems integration and facilities maintenance businesses. We also developed and expanded our rack integration services to increase the utilization of our systems integration facility and to insulate us from the variable timing of modular data center orders. During the first half of 2017, we phased out our remaining customers and contracts that were not geared towards our systems integration and facilities maintenance businesses, including the sale of a specific customer contract that was part of our project management business during the first quarter of 2017. This sale, along with the sale of our Maryland-based facilities maintenance business during 2016, collectively generated $1.3 million in cash, and allowed us to reduce staff levels, overhead expenses and to close our facility in Maryland.

This simplification of our business and the focus towards the modular data center market will increase our customer concentration in the short-term and concentrate the markets in which we compete. However, our business is now focused on providing a life-cycle of activities in support of the use of modular data centers and rack integration including assembly, deployment and maintenance of these modules. We believe we can be a smaller, more profitable enterprise by narrowing our market focus. The winding down of our less profitable revenue streams decreased the liquidity requirements of the business, and the reduction of overhead and staffing costs lowered the break-even point for our business and contributed significantly towards our improved operating performance during 2017.

Our total revenue in 2017 of $18.3 million was a $9.1 million or 33% decrease from our 2016 revenue of $27.4 million. Our 2016 revenue included $13.6 million from business activities that we either sold or discontinued, which was the primary reason that our facilities services revenues decreased by $9.5 million or 44%. For the portions of the facility services business that we retained, we actually grew revenue by $4.1 million or 50% compared to 2016. Our systems integration revenues increased by $0.4 million or 8% from 2016 reflecting higher demand from our largest channel partner during 2017.

Despite revenues decreasing by $9.1 million, our gross profit actually increased to $7.7 million in 2017, which was $0.5 million or 7% higher than our gross profit in 2016. This increase reflects the realignment of our business during 2017, an emphasis on our higher-margin service offerings, and the deliberate discontinuation of our lower-margin service offerings such as project management, equipment procurement and design services, that generated high revenue but low margins. Our gross profit margin increased to 42% in 2017 from 26% in 2016 as we also eliminated the fixed overhead that we used to carry to support those low-margin service offerings.

The elimination of multiple service offerings enabled us to lower our headcount and headcount-related expenses, and to close our facility in Maryland at the end of 2016. These actions allowed us to lower our level of selling, general and administrative costs by $1.7 million or 20% compared to 2016.

The combination of improved gross profit and lower operating expenses resulted in operating income of $1.1 million in 2017. This was an improvement of $1.7 million from the operating loss of $0.6 million that we had in 2016. Included in our 2017 operating results was a $0.3 million gain from the sale of a specific customer contract during the first quarter of 2017.

We also continued to work on the overall liquidity position of the company during this transformation. The concentration of our business on our systems integration and facilities maintenance businesses had the effect of decreasing our ability to use our receivables, and we repaid $0.7 million during 2017 of such borrowings. We borrowed an additional $1.05 million during 2017 under our multiple advance term-loan agreement and extended the terms of our existing long-term debt. These actions allowed us to manage our working capital requirements to manage liquidity and ensure that we have the necessary financial resources to execute on our business strategy.

Management has reviewed the development and selection of these critical accounting estimates with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors, and the Audit Committee has reviewed these disclosures. In addition, there are other items within our financial statements that require estimation but are not deemed critical as defined above. Changes in these and other items could still have a material impact upon our financial statements.

We recognize revenue when pervasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the contract price is fixed or determinable, services have been rendered or goods delivered, and collectability is reasonably assured. Our revenue is derived from fixed-price contracts, time-and-materials contracts, cost-plus-fee contracts (including guaranteed maximum price contracts), facility service and maintenance contracts, and product shipments.

Revenue from fixed price contracts is recognized on the percentage of completion method. We apply Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 605-35, Construction-Type and Production-Type Contracts, recognizing revenue on the percentage-of-completion method using costs incurred in relation to total estimated project costs. This method is used because management considers costs incurred and costs to complete to be the best available measure of progress in the contracts. Contract costs include all direct materials, subcontract and labor costs and those indirect costs related to contract performance, such as indirect labor, payroll taxes, employee benefits and supplies.

Revenue on cost-plus-fee contracts is recognized to the extent of costs incurred, plus an estimate of the applicable fees earned. Fixed fees under cost-plus-fee contracts are recorded as earned in proportion to the allowable costs incurred in performance of the contract.

Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts are classified as current liabilities. Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings, or work in process, are classified as current assets for the majority of our projects. Work in process on contracts is based on work performed but not yet billed to customers as per individual contract terms.

Certain of our contracts involve the delivery of multiple elements including design management, system installation and facilities maintenance. Revenues from contracts with multiple element arrangements are recognized as each element is earned based on the relative selling price of each element provided the delivered elements have value to customers on a standalone basis. Amounts allocated to each element are based on its objectively determined fair value, such as the sales price for the service when it is sold separately or competitor prices for similar services.

Revenue and related costs for master and other service agreements billed on a time and materials basis are recognized as the services are rendered based on actual labor hours performed at contracted billable rates, and costs incurred on behalf of the customer. Services are also performed under master and other service agreements billed on a fixed fee basis. Under fixed fee master service and similar type service agreements for facilities and equipment, we furnish various unspecified units of service for a fixed price. These services agreements are recognized on the proportional performance method or ratably over the course of the service period and costs are recorded as incurred in performance.

We recorded goodwill and intangibles with definite lives, including customer relationships and acquired software, in conjunction with the acquisition of the systems integration business. These intangible assets are amortized based on their estimated economic lives. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net identified tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, and it is not amortized.

We perform an impairment test of goodwill on an annual basis or whenever events or circumstances make it more likely than not that impairment of goodwill may have occurred. As part of the annual impairment test, we first have the option to make a qualitative assessment of goodwill for impairment. If we are able to determine through the qualitative assessment that the fair value of a reporting unit more likely than not exceeds its carrying value, no further evaluation is necessary. For those reporting units for which the qualitative assessment is either not performed or indicates that further testing may be necessary, we then assess goodwill for impairment using a two-step process. The first step requires comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If that fair value exceeds the carrying amount, the second step of the process is not required to be performed, and no impairment charge is required to be recorded. If that fair value does not exceed that carrying amount, we must perform the second step, which requires an allocation of the fair value of the reporting unit to all assets and liabilities of that unit as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a purchase business combination and the fair value of the reporting unit was the purchase price. The goodwill resulting from that purchase price allocation is then compared to the carrying amount with any excess recorded as an impairment charge.

We also review intangible assets with definite lives for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If the sum of the expected undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying value of the related asset, a loss is recognized for the difference between the fair value and carrying value of the intangible asset.

We estimate an allowance for doubtful accounts based on factors related to the specific credit risk of each customer. Historically our credit losses have been minimal. We perform credit evaluations of new customers and may require prepayments or use of bank instruments such as trade letters of credit to mitigate credit risk. As we expand our product offerings and customer base, our risk of credit loss could increase. We monitor outstanding amounts to limit our credit exposure to individual accounts. We continue to pursue collection even if we have fully provided for an account balance.

We account for stock-based compensation using a fair-value based recognition method. Stock-based compensation cost is estimated at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized ratably over the requisite service period of the award. Determining the appropriate fair-value model and calculating the fair value of stock-based awards at the grant date requires considerable judgment, including estimating stock price volatility, expected option life and forfeiture rates. We develop our estimates based on historical data and market information that can change significantly over time. A small change in estimates used can have a relatively large change in the estimated valuation.

We use the Black-Scholes option valuation model to value employee stock awards that are not performance based awards. We estimate stock price volatility based upon our historical volatility. Estimated option life and forfeiture rate assumptions are derived from historical data. For stock-based compensation awards with graded vesting, we recognize compensation expense using the straight-line amortization method. For performance-based stock awards we use third-party valuation specialists and a Monte-Carlo simulation model to ascertain the fair value of the award at grant date.

Revenue consists of fees earned from the planning, design and project-management of mission-critical facilities and information infrastructures, as well as fees earned from providing maintenance services on these facilities. We also earn revenue from providing system configuration and integration services to IT equipment vendors. Currently we derive all our revenue from the US market.

We contract with our customers under five primary contract types: fixed-price service and maintenance contracts, time and material contracts, cost-plus-fee, guaranteed maximum price and fixed-price contracts. Cost-plus-fee and guaranteed maximum price contracts are typically lower risk arrangements and thus yield lower profit margins than time-and-materials and fixed-price arrangements which generate higher profit margins generally, relative to their higher risk. Certain of our service and maintenance contracts provide comprehensive coverage of all of the customers equipment (excluding IT equipment) at a facility during the contract period. Where customer requirements are clear, we prefer to enter into comprehensive fixed-price arrangements or time-and-materials arrangements rather than cost-plus-fee and guaranteed maximum price contracts.

Most of our revenue is generated based on services provided either by our employees or subcontractors. To a lesser degree, the revenue we earn includes reimbursable travel and other costs to support the project. Since we earn higher profits from the labor services that our employees provide compared with use of subcontracted labor and other reimbursable costs, we seek to optimize our labor content on the contracts we are awarded to maximize our profitability.

We have been concentrating our sales efforts towards maintenance and integration services where we have traditionally earned higher margins. Historically our design and project-management services were tied to a few, high-value contracts for the construction of new data centers at any point in time. In addition to contributing to large quarterly fluctuations in revenue depending upon project timing, these projects required higher levels of working capital and generated lower margins than our maintenance and integration services. We re-focused our design and project-management services towards smaller scaled jobs typically connected with addition/move/retrofit activities rather than new builds, where we can obtain better margins and we already have an existing customer relationship. We have also focused on providing maintenance services for modular data center applications as this market continues to expand. We continue to focus on increasing our systems integration revenues through more consistent revenue streams that will better utilize our assets in that business.

Our total revenue of $18.3 million in 2017 was a $9.1 million or 33% decrease from our 2016 revenue of $27.4 million. Our 2016 revenue included $13.6 million from business activities that we either sold or discontinued, which was the primary reason that our annual revenues decreased. Our facilities services revenues decreased by $9.5 million or 44% from 2016 levels. The portions of the facility services businesses that we retained actually grew by $4.1 million or 50% from 2016. Our systems integration revenues increased by $0.4 million or 8% from 2016 reflecting higher demand from our largest channel partner during 2017.

Our changed business model will result in quarterly and annual revenue levels lower than historical levels. We anticipate less fluctuation in our quarterly revenues due to the absence of larger project management and design projects, but higher customer concentration levels with our OEM channel partner, until such time as we can diversify and grow our customer base. Elimination of large one-off projects will also reduce the variability in our working capital, which we believe will also helps us manage our liquidity, and contribute to improved and sustained profitability,

Cost of revenue includes the cost of component parts for our products, labor costs expended in the production and delivery of our services, subcontractor and third-party expense, equipment and other costs associated with our test and integration facilities, excluding depreciation of our manufacturing property and equipment, shipping costs, and the costs of support functions such as purchasing, logistics and quality assurance. The cost of revenue as a percentage of revenue was 58% for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to 74% for 2016. This decrease from 2016 is because of a lower level of equipment procurement costs and subcontractor expense in 2017 due to the elimination of design, build and large project management activities as we existed these business activities, and because of higher utilization of our systems integration facility in 2017 compared to 2016 as revenues from this business unit increased. We had higher costs and lower margins from project management activities including equipment procurement, and the decrease in this type of revenue in absolute value and as a percentage of our total revenues compared to the prior year resulted in a lower cost of revenue.

Since we earn higher profits on our own labor services, we expect gross margin to improve when our labor services mix increases relative to the use of subcontracted labor or third-party material. Our direct labor costs are relatively fixed in the short-term, and the utilization of direct labor is critical to maximizing our profitability. As we continue to bid and win contracts that require specialized skills that we do not possess, we would expect to have more third-party subcontracted labor to help us fulfill those contracts. In addition, we can face hiring challenges in internally staffing larger contracts. While these factors could lead to a higher ratio of cost of services to revenue, the ability to outsource these activities without carrying a higher level of fixed overhead improves the profitability overall for the company because they can increase income, broaden our revenue base and have a favorable return on invested capital.

A large portion of our revenue is derived from fixed price contracts. Under these contracts, we set the price of our services and assume the risk that the costs associated with our performance may be greater than we anticipated. Our profitability is therefore dependent upon our ability to estimate accurately the costs associated with our services. These costs may be affected by a variety of factors, such as lower than anticipated productivity, conditions at the work sites differing materially from what was anticipated at the time we bid on the contract, and higher than expected costs of materials and labor. Certain agreements or projects could have lower margins than anticipated or losses if actual costs for contracts exceed our estimates, which could reduce our profitability and liquidity.

Our gross profit margin for the year ended December 31, 2017 was 42% compared to a gross profit margin of 26% in 2016. This improvement reflects our efforts to concentrate on higher-margin service offerings such as our systems integration business and our modular facility services. The discontinuation of design, construction management and equipment procurement activities allowed us to reduce the associated overhead from these businesses, further contributing to our improved margins. As a result of this improved margin, our gross profit for 2017 was $7.7 million, up $0.5 million or 7% from 2016 despite our revenues being $9.1 million lower than in 2016.

Our ability to maintain and to further improve gross margins will depend, in part, upon our ability to continue increasing sales of our higher-margin services including maintenance and integration services, improving our service margins through further pricing and operating efficiency including utilization of our direct labor, and increasing our total revenues to a level that will allow us to increase the utilization of our integration and service operations.

Selling, general and administrative expenses primarily consist of compensation and related expenses, including variable sales compensation, for our executive, administrative and sales and marketing personnel, as well as related travel, selling and marketing expenses, professional fees, facility costs, insurances and other corporate costs. For the year ended December 31, 2017, our selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $1.7 million or 21% compared to 2016. This decrease was due to lower headcount-related costs following the discontinuation of directly providing project management and design services, and due to the closure of our Maryland facility in late 2016. We also had lower professional fees and lower levels of stock-based compensation expense in 2017.

In January 2017, we completed the sale of certain identified assets and liabilities connected with a specific customer contract from our project management business for $350,000. The buyer assumed net liabilities of $7,000 resulting in cash proceeds of $343,000. Additionally, we incurred approximately $29,000 in legal, escrow and other costs that would not have been incurred otherwise. As a result, we recorded a net gain of approximately $321,000 from the sale of these assets during the first quarter of 2017.

Due to consolidated operating losses, we have not recorded any income tax expenses, other than minimum or statutory costs. As of December 31, 2017, our accumulated net operating loss carry forward was $36.9 million. We anticipate that these loss carry forwards may offset future taxable income that we may achieve and future tax liabilities. However, because of uncertainty regarding our ability to use these carry forwards and the potential limitations due to ownership changes, we have established a valuation allowance for the full amount of our net deferred tax assets.

For the year ended December 31, 2017 we had operating income of $1.1 million. This was a $1.7 million or 270% improvement from our $0.6 million operating loss in 2016. Included in our 2016 operating losses was the $0.9 million gain from the sale of the Maryland-based portion of our facilities maintenance business. With improved margins and lower overhead from the businesses that we sold or discontinued, we have been able to achieve consistent quarterly and annual operating profit, driving the improvement in our financial results compared to 2016.

Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2016 decreased by $2.1 million or 7% compared to 2015. This decrease was driven by a $2.2 million or 9% decrease in facilities services revenues as our project management activities, including equipment procurement, decreased based on the timing of customer projects. We also de-emphasized this type of revenue during 2016 in favor of higher-margin service offerings such as systems integration and facilities maintenance. This decrease was offset by a $0.1 million or 2% increase in our systems integration revenues driven by higher demand from our largest channel partner compared to 2015.

Our gross profit margin for the year ended December 31, 2016 was 26% compared to a gross profit margin of 28% in 2015. This decrease resulted in our gross profit being $7.2 million in 2016, down $1.2 million or 14% from the gross profit in 2015, largely reflecting revenue decreasing by $2.1 million compared to the prior year. The decrease in gross profit margin reflects lower design and project-management revenues compared to 2015 and the fact that the majority of our costs are fixed staffing costs in this business.

Selling, general and administrative expenses primarily consist of compensation and related expenses, including variable sales compensation, for our executive, administrative and sales and marketing personnel, as well as related travel, selling and marketing expenses, professional fees, facility costs, insurances and other corporate costs. For the year ended December 31, 2016 our selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $1.5 million or 16% compared to 2015. This decrease was due to lower salaries due to headcount reductions made in 2016, lower professional fees, including accounting and legal fees, and lower levels of stock-based compensation expense.

In September 2016, we sold off certain identified assets and liabilities connected with our Maryland-based facilities maintenance business for $950,000. The transaction closed in September 2016. The buyer assumed net liabilities of $308,000 resulting in cash proceeds of $642,000. Additionally, we incurred approximately $40,000 in legal, escrow and other costs that would not have been incurred otherwise. As a result, we recorded a net gain of approximately $910,000 from the sale of these assets.

Due to accumulated operating losses, we did not record any income tax expenses, other than minimum or statutory costs. As of December 31, 2016, our accumulated net operating loss carry forward was $36.9 million.

For the year ended December 31, 2016 we had an operating loss of $0.6 million. This was a $1.2 million or 66% decrease from our $1.8 million operating loss in 2015. Included in our 2016 operating losses was the $0.9 million gain from the sale of the Maryland-based portion of our facilities maintenance business. Absent this gain, and lower stock-based compensation expenses, our operating results were comparable to 2015. We were able to reduce our selling, general and administrative expenses by approximately $1.5 million or 16% from 2015 levels, mitigating the decreased levels of gross profit that we achieved during 2016.

Our primary sources of liquidity at December 31, 2017 are our cash and cash equivalents on hand, funds available under our receivables factoring agreement and projected cash flows from operating activities.

In September 2016, we sold the Maryland-based portion of our facilities maintenance business that was not geared towards the modular data center market. During the fourth quarter of 2016 we made the decision to outsource certain services that we had previously provided directly including consulting and design engineering and project management activities. These activities were concentrated on traditional “brick and mortar” type facilities. This decision allows us to continue to provide these services to our customers when required, but at the same time allows us to reduce our fixed staffing and overhead levels. These actions continued the focusing of our activities on the modular data center market. In the first quarter of 2017 we sold another customer contract that was part of our project management business. Collectively these actions generated $1.3 million in cash, resulted in staffing reductions, and allowed us to close our facility in Maryland. Due to these actions, we lowered our level of operating expenses to improve our efforts at achieving ongoing profitability.

If we continue to meet the cash flow projections in our current business plan, we expect that we will have adequate capital resources necessary to continue operating our business for at least the next twelve months. Our business plan and our assumptions around the adequacy of our liquidity are based on estimates regarding expected revenues and future costs. However, there are potential risks, including that our revenues may not meet our projections, our costs may exceed our estimates, or our working capital needs may be greater than anticipated. Further, our estimates may change, and future events or developments may also affect our estimates. Any of these factors may change our expectation of cash usage in 2018 and beyond or significantly affect our level of liquidity, which may limit our opportunities to grow our business.

In July 2017, we extended the term of a promissory note originally issued in 2015 to July 19, 2022. In conjunction with this modification we amended the exercise price of the warrant granted with that original note and modified the interest payments so that ½ of the interest is now paid “in kind”. We also entered into a new $650,000 loan on this date with the same lender on substantially the same terms and conditions as the original loan to provide additional working capital for the Company. In October 2017, we entered into a new $400,000 loan with new lenders on substantially the same terms and conditions as the preceding notes.

In May 2016, we entered into a full-recourse, receivables factoring agreement with RTS Financial Service, Inc. (“RTS”) whereby RTS may purchase eligible accounts receivable from us. RTS will advance 80% of the face value of our receivables and the balance (less fees) is paid to us after our customer remits funds to RTS. Advances are subject to a financing cost of prime plus 7% per annum. Advances under this agreement are at the discretion of RTS and there is no maximum or committed facility amount such as existed under our previous bank-based revolving credit facility. Upon entering this facility with RTS we repaid all amounts due under our previous bank-based revolving credit facility. During 2017, the increase in our customer base concentration has reduced our ability to utilize this factoring agreement, and we repaid all amounts previously borrowed and had $0 outstanding at December 31, 2017.

Our quarterly operating results have shown improved results during 2017. Our quarterly revenues have fluctuated between $4.2 and $4.9 million, and we maintained a gross profit margin of 42% in each quarter, allowing us to achieve operating profit in each quarter of 2017. As we discontinued several service offerings, we have been able to decrease the investment required in our working capital, and we have been able to improve our liquidity and reduce our stockholders’ deficit compared to 2016. We may pursue further funding to finance growth in our business, to pursue potential acquisitions or to further improve our liquidity position; however there can be no guarantee that such financing will be available to use or that we will complete any such financing.

As of December 31, 2017, and 2016, we had cash and cash equivalents of $2.3 million and $2.2 million, respectively.

Cash used in operating activities was $45,000 for the year ended December 31, 2017, compared to cash provided by operating activities of $2.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. Despite the improved net income compared to 2016, this change in cash from operating activities was driven by changes in our working capital of $2.1 million during 2017. As we exited our design and project management activities in late 2016 we have reduced our overall level of receivables and payables from these businesses, and this drove the change in working capital as we collected those receivables and paid those vendors as we exited these businesses. We now operate the business with significantly lower levels of both receivables and payables and have less fluctuation in our level of working capital as we have a more consistent and stable revenue stream.

Cash provided by investing activities was $0.1 million in 2017 compared to cash provided by investing activities of $0.5 million in 2016. In 2017 we received cash proceeds of approximately $0.3 million in connection with the sale of a portion of our project management business, offset by purchases of property and equipment of $0.2 million. In 2016 we received cash proceeds of approximately $0.8 million in connection with the sale of our Maryland-based facilities maintenance business, offset by purchases of property and equipment of $0.3 million.

Cash provided by financing activities was $0.1 million during 2017 compared to cash used in financing activities of $1.7 million in 2016. During 2017 we borrowed an additional $1.05 million, which was offset by the repayment of $250,000 of outstanding loans and the repayment of $737,000 against our accounts receivable factoring facility. During 2016 we repaid $2.2 million against our revolving credit facility with Bridge Bank upon the expiration of that credit facility. We offset this with approximately $0.7 million in proceeds from our new accounts receivable factoring facility. We also repaid $0.3 million against our convertible note borrowings in 2016.

Our history of operating losses, negative working capital, and our stockholders’ deficit may, in themselves, cause uncertainty about our ability to continue to operate our business as a going concern. We have reviewed our current and prospective sources of liquidity, significant conditions and events as well as our forecasted financial results and while we believe we have adequate plans to address these issues, there is significant doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our operating results have improved since the second half of 2016 and we generated net income in 2017, improved our working capital position and reduced our stockholder’s deficiency. During 2016 we sold off a portion of our facilities maintenance business in Maryland that was not geared towards the modular data center market for a purchase price of $950,000, and we made the decision to outsource multiple services including consulting engineering and project management that we had previously provided directly to our customers, allowing us to reduce our level of operating expenses. During the first quarter of 2017, we sold the remaining portion of our construction management business for $350,000. These actions, along with other cost reductions we made, provided additional capital for our business, lowered our total operating costs, improved our operating profits, and allowed us to focus our business activities on systems integration and modular data center build and maintenance activities. In July 2017, we modified and extended the term of our long-term debt and we also borrowed an additional $650,000 in long-term debt, and in October 2017 we borrowed another $400,000 in long-term debt to help us improve our liquidity and manage our working capital. We believe that there are further adjustments that could be made to our business if we were required to do so.

Our business plans and our assumptions around the adequacy of our liquidity are based on estimates regarding estimated revenues and future costs and our ability to secure sources of funding when needed. However, our revenue may not meet our expectations, or our costs may exceed our estimates. Further, our estimates may change, and future events or developments may also affect our estimates. Any of these factors may change our expectation of cash usage during 2018 and beyond or significantly affect our level of liquidity, which may require us to take other measures to reduce our operating costs in order to continue operating. Any action to reduce operating costs may negatively affect our range of products and services that we offer or our ability to deliver such products and services, which could materially impact our financial results depending on the level of cost reductions taken. The consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report do not include any adjustments that might result from the Company not being able to continue as a going concern.

Our primary liquidity and capital requirements are to fund working capital from current operations. Our primary sources of funds to meet our liquidity and capital requirements include cash on hand, funds generated from operations including the funds from our customer financing programs, and borrowings under our accounts receivable factoring facility. We believe that if future results do not meet expectations, we can implement reductions in selling, general and administrative expenses to better achieve profitability and therefore improve cash flows, or that we could take further steps such as the issuance of new equity or debt, or the sale of part or all of our operations. However, the timing and effect of these steps may not completely alleviate a material effect on liquidity.

During the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, we did not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow limited purposes.

In April 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-08, Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) and Property, Plant and Equipment (Topic 360): Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity. ASU 2014-08 requires that a disposal representing a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity’s financial results or a business activity classified as held for sale shall be reported as discontinued operations. ASU 2014-08 also expands the disclosure requirements for discontinued operations and adds new disclosures for individually significant dispositions that do not qualify as discontinued operations. ASU 2014-08 was effective for us for our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2015. ASU 2014-08 was considered in regards to the sale of a portion of our facility maintenance component in September 2016 (see Note 5 – Sale of Business Component).

In August 2014, the FASB issues ASU No.2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern. ASU 2014-15 will explicitly require management to assess an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern, and to provide related footnote disclosure in certain circumstances. ASU 2014-15 is effective for all entities in the first annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and so was effective for us in our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2016. The adoption of ASU 2014-15 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements but did require us to enhance our disclosures with regard to our ability to continue as a going concern.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No 2015-03, Interest – Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying The Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs. This ASU requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct reduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. ASU 2015-03 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015 and interim periods within those fiscal years. This ASU was effective for us for our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2016. The adoption of ASU 2015-03 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements but did require us to reclassify certain balances in our December 31, 2015 consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASU 2014-09 supersedes the revenue recognition requirements of FASB ASC Topic 605, Revenue Recognition and most industry-specific guidance throughout the ASC, resulting in the creation of FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASU 2014-09 requires entities to recognize revenue in a way that depicts the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. This ASU provides alternative methods of adoption. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, Deferral of the Effective Date. ASU 2015-14 defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09 to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those reporting periods beginning after that date, and permits early adoption of the standard, but not before the original effective date for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net) clarifying the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations. Specifically, an entity is required to determine whether the nature of a promise is to provide the specified good or service itself (that is, the entity is a principal) or to arrange for the good or service to be provided to the customer by the other party (that is, the entity is an agent). The determination influences the timing and amount of revenue recognition. In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing clarifying the implementation guidance on identifying performance obligations and licensing. Specifically, the amendments reduce the cost and complexity of identifying promised goods or services and improves the guidance for determining whether promises are separately identifiable. The amendments also provide implementation guidance on determining whether an entity's promise to grant a license provides a customer with either a right to use the entity's intellectual property (which is satisfied at a point in time) or a right to access the entity's intellectual property (which is satisfied over time). The effective date and transition requirements for ASU 2016-08 and ASU 2016-10 are the same as the effective date and transition requirements for ASU 2014-09. In May, 2016 the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-12 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, which clarifies guidance in certain narrow areas and adds a practical expedient for certain aspects of the guidance. The amendments do not change the core principle of the guidance in ASU 2014-09. In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, which delayed the effective date of ASU 2014-09. As a result, this guidance will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. We adopted this new standard in January 2018 using the retrospective method and we do not expect adoption to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operation.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)”. Under ASU 2016-02, an entity will be required to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on its balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 offers specific accounting guidance for a lessee, a lessor and sale and leaseback transactions. Lessees and lessors are required to disclose qualitative and quantitative information about leasing arrangements to enable a user of the financial statements to assess the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. For public companies, ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period, and requires a modified retrospective adoption, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the future impact of ASU 2016-02 on our consolidated financial statements.

The information called for by this item is not required as we are a smaller reporting company.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of TSS, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2017 and 2016. the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2017, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the results of its operations and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2017, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America,

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits include performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

As discussed in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements the Company had one customer which accounted for 67% and 39%, respectively, of total revenue for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. Our opinion is not modified with respect to this matter.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the entity will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the entity has had a history of operating losses and has a net capital deficiency that raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency)

Note 1 Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business

TSS, Inc. (“TSS”, the “Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”) provides comprehensive services for the planning, design, deployment, maintenance, refresh and take-back of end-user and enterprise systems, including the mission-critical facilities they are housed in. We provide a single source solution for enabling technologies in data centers, operations centers, network facilities, server rooms, security operations centers, communications facilities and the infrastructure systems that are critical to their function. Our services consist of technology consulting, design and engineering, project management, systems integration, systems installation and facilities management. Our corporate offices are in Round Rock, Texas, and we also have an office in Dulles, Virginia.

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates which are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form a basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions; however, we believe that our estimates are reasonable and that the actual results will not vary significantly from the estimated amounts.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have also been prepared on the basis that the Company will continue to operate as a going concern. Accordingly, assets and liabilities are recorded on the basis that the Company will be able to realize it assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. Our history of operating losses, negative working capital, and our stockholder’s deficiency cause substantial doubt about our ability to continue to operate our business as a going concern. We have reviewed our current and prospective sources of liquidity, significant conditions and events as well as our forecasted financial results and while we believe we have adequate plans to address these issues, there is still significant doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our operating results have improved since the second half of 2016 and we generated net income in 2017, improved our working capital position and reduced our stockholder’s deficiency. During 2016 we sold a portion of our facilities maintenance business in Maryland that was not geared towards the modular data center market for a purchase price of $950,000, and we made the decision to outsource multiple services including consulting engineering and project management that we had previously provided directly to our customers, allowing us to reduce our level of operating expenses. During the first quarter of 2017, we sold the remaining portion of our construction management business for $350,000. These actions, along with other cost reductions we made, provided additional capital for our business, lowered our total operating costs, improved our operating profits, and allowed us to focus our business activities on systems integration and modular data center build and maintenance activities. In July 2017, we modified and extended the term of our long-term debt and we also borrowed an additional $650,000 in long-term debt, and in October 2017 we borrowed another $400,000 in long-term debt to help us improve our liquidity and manage our working capital. We believe that there are further adjustments that could be made to our business if we were required to do so.

Our business plans and our assumptions around the adequacy of our liquidity are based on estimates regarding expected revenues and future costs and our ability to secure additional sources of funding if needed. However, our revenue may not meet our expectations, or our costs may exceed our estimates. Further, our estimates may change, and future events or developments may also affect our estimates. Any of these factors may change our expectation of cash usage in 2018 or significantly affect our level of liquidity, which may require us to seek additional financing or take other measures to reduce our operating costs or obtain funding to continue operating. Any action to reduce operating costs may negatively affect our range of products and services that we offer or our ability to deliver such products and services, which could materially impact our financial results depending on the level of cost reductions taken. These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the Company not being able to continue as a going concern.

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Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Financial Instruments

The Company’s financial instruments primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and long-term debt. The fair value of the long-term debt is disclosed in Note 3– Long Term Borrowings. The carrying amounts of the other financial instruments approximate their fair value at December 31, 2017 and 2016, due to the short-term nature of these items. See Note 8 – Fair Value Measurements.

Accounting for Business Combinations

We allocate the purchase price of an acquired business to its identifiable assets and liabilities based on estimated fair values. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, if any, is recorded as goodwill.

We use all available information to estimate fair values. We typically engage outside appraisal firms to assist in the fair value determination of identifiable intangible assets such as customer contracts, leases and any other significant assets or liabilities and contingent consideration. Preliminary purchase price allocation is adjusted, as necessary, up to one year after the acquisition closing date if management obtains more information regarding asset valuations and liabilities assumed.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue when pervasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the contract price is fixed or determinable, services have been rendered or goods delivered, and collectability is reasonably assured. Our revenue is derived from facility service and maintenance contracts, product shipments, time-and-materials contracts, fixed price contracts, and cost-plus-fee contracts (including guaranteed maximum price contracts).

Revenue from facility service and maintenance contracts are usually performed under master and other service agreements billed on a fixed fee basis. These services agreements are recognized on the proportional performance method or ratably over the course of the service period and costs are recorded as incurred in performance.

We recognize revenue from integration of assembled products when the finished product is shipped, and collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured. In arrangements where a formal acceptance of products or services is required by the customer, revenue is recognized upon meeting such acceptance criteria.

Revenue from fixed price contracts is recognized on the percentage of completion method. We apply Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 605-35, Construction-Type and Production-Type Contracts, recognizing revenue on the percentage-of-completion method using costs incurred in relation to total estimated project costs. This method is used because management considers costs incurred and estimated costs to complete to be the best available measure of progress in the contracts. Contract costs include all direct materials, subcontract and labor costs and those indirect costs related to contract performance, such as indirect labor, payroll taxes, employee benefits and supplies.

Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts are classified as current liabilities. Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings, or work in process, are classified as current assets for the majority of our projects. Work in process on contracts is based on work performed but not yet billed to customers as per individual contract terms.

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Shipping and Freight Costs

Costs to ship products to customers, which consist primarily of freight expenses, are expensed as incurred and are included in Cost of Revenue. Total shipping and freight costs were approximately $0.5 and $0.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense ratably over the requisite service period, net of estimated forfeitures. We award shares of restricted stock and stock options to employees, managers, executive officers and directors.

During the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, we incurred approximately $0 and $7,000, respectively, in non-cash compensation expense which is included in Cost of Revenue and in 2017 and 2016 we incurred approximately $0.1 and $0.2 million, respectively, in non-cash compensation expense which was included in Selling, general and administrative expenses.

Concentration of Credit Risk

We are currently economically dependent upon our relationship with a large US-based IT Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM). If this relationship is unsuccessful or discontinues, our business and revenue may suffer. The loss of or a significant reduction in orders from this customer or the failure to provide adequate products or services to it could significantly reduce our revenue.

The following customers accounted for a significant percentage of our revenues for the periods shown:

	2017		2016
US-based IT OEM		67%		39%
US- based technology company		4%		12%
US-based data center company		0%		13%

No other customers represented more than 10% of our revenues for any periods presented. A US-based retail customer represented 25% of our accounts receivable at December 31, 2016. Our US based IT OEM customer represented 26% and 10% of our accounts receivable at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. A US-based UPS manufacturer represented 22% and 15% of our accounts receivable at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. A US-based technology consulting company represented 23% of our accounts receivable at December 31, 2017. A US-based technology company represented 17% of our accounts receivable at December 31, 2016. No other customer represented more than 10% of our accounts receivable at December 31, 2017 or at December 31, 2016.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are comprised of cash in banks and highly liquid instruments with original maturities of three months or less, primarily consisting of bank time deposits. At December 31, 2017 and 2016 we did not have cash invested in interest bearing accounts. At December 31, 2017, we had unrestricted cash of $1.95 million in excess of FDIC insured limits.

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Contract and Other Receivables

Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and may bear interest in the event of late payment under certain contracts. Included in accounts receivable is retainage, which represents the amount of payment contractually withheld by customers until completion of a particular project.

Under certain construction management contracts, the Company is obligated to obtain performance bonds with various financial institutions, which typically require a security interest in the corresponding receivable. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, bonds outstanding totaled $7.3, million and the sureties were indemnified in the event of a loss by related project receivables of $0.02 million and $0.02 million, respectively.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

We estimate an allowance for doubtful accounts based on factors related to the specific credit risk of each customer. Historically our credit losses have been minimal. We perform credit evaluations of new customers and may require prepayments or use of bank instruments such as trade letters of credit to mitigate credit risk. As we expand our product offerings and customer base, our risk of credit loss may increase. We monitor outstanding amounts to limit our credit exposure to individual accounts. We continue to pursue collection even if we have fully provided for an account balance.

The following table summarizes the changes in our allowance for doubtful accounts (in $’000)

	Year Ended December 31,
	2017		2016
Balance at beginning of year	$	4	$	19
Additions charged to expense		2		5
Recovery of amounts previously reserved		2		(7	)
Amounts written off		-		(13	)
Balance at end of year	$	8	$	4

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method for all purchased inventory. We write down obsolete inventory or inventory in excess of our estimated usage to its estimated market value less cost to sell, if less than its cost. Inherent in our estimates of market value in determining inventory valuation are estimates related to future demand and technological obsolescence of our products. Any significant unanticipated changes in demand or technological developments could have a significant impact on the value of our inventories and our results of operations and financial position could be materially affected.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. We provide for depreciation using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Additions and major replacements or improvements are capitalized, while minor replacements and maintenance costs are charged to expense as incurred. Depreciation expense is included in operating expenses in the statement of operations. The cost and accumulated depreciation of assets sold or retired are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is included in the results of operations for the period of the transaction.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

We have recorded goodwill and intangibles with definite lives, including customer relationships and acquired software, in conjunction with the acquisition of various businesses. These intangible assets are amortized based on their estimated economic lives. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net identified tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, and it is not amortized. The recorded goodwill is allocated to the reporting unit to which the underlying transaction relates.

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GAAP requires us to perform an impairment test of goodwill on an annual basis or whenever events or circumstances make it more likely than not that impairment of goodwill may have occurred. As part of the annual impairment test, we first have the option to make a qualitative assessment of goodwill for impairment. If we are able to determine through the qualitative assessment that the fair value of a reporting unit more likely than not exceeds its carrying value, no further evaluation is necessary. For those reporting units for which the qualitative assessment is either not performed or indicates that further testing may be necessary, we may then assess goodwill for impairment using a two-step process. The first step requires comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If that fair value exceeds the carrying amount, the second step of the process is not required to be performed, and no impairment charge is required to be recorded. If that fair value does not exceed that carrying amount, we must perform the second step, which requires an allocation of the fair value of the reporting unit to all assets and liabilities of that unit as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a purchase business combination and the fair value of the reporting unit was the purchase price. The goodwill resulting from that purchase price allocation is then compared to the carrying amount with any excess recorded as an impairment charge.

We also review intangible assets with definite lives for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If the sum of the expected undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying value of the related asset, a loss is recognized for the difference between the fair value and carrying value of the intangible asset.

We have elected to use December 31 as our impairment date. As circumstances change that could affect the recoverability of the carrying amount of the assets during an interim period, we will evaluate our indefinite lived intangible assets for impairment. The Company performed a quantitative analysis of our indefinite lived intangible assets at December 31, 2017 and 2016 and concluded there was no impairment. Although there were events and circumstances in existence at both dates that suggest substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, the valuation results indicated that the fair value of our reporting units was greater than the carrying value, including goodwill, for each of our reporting units. Thus, we concluded that there was no impairment at December 31, 2017 or 2016 for our goodwill and other long-lived intangible assets. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the residual carrying value of goodwill was $1.9 million.

Income Taxes

Deferred income taxes are provided for the temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. A full valuation allowance has been recorded against our net deferred tax assets, because we have concluded that under relevant accounting standards it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets will not be realizable. We recognize interest and penalty expense associated with uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations.

Earnings (Loss) Per-Common Share

Basic earnings (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding for the year. Diluted earnings (loss) per common share is computed similarly; however, it is adjusted for the effects of the assumed exercise of our outstanding stock options and the vesting of outstanding shares of restricted stock, if applicable.

Treasury Stock

We account for treasury shares using the cost method. Purchases of shares of common stock are recorded at cost and results in a reduction of stockholders’ equity. We hold repurchased shares in treasury for general corporate purposes, including issuances under various employee compensation plans. When treasury shares are issued, we use a weighted average cost method. Purchase costs in excess of reissue price are treated as a reduction of retained earnings. Reissue price in excess of purchase costs is treated as additional paid-in-capital.

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Recent Accounting Guidance

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASU 2014-09 supersedes the revenue recognition requirements of FASB ASC Topic 605, Revenue Recognition and most industry-specific guidance throughout the ASC, resulting in the creation of FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASU 2014-09 requires entities to recognize revenue in a way that depicts the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. This ASU provides alternative methods of adoption. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, Deferral of the Effective Date. ASU 2015-14 defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09 to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those reporting periods beginning after that date, and permits early adoption of the standard, but not before the original effective date for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net) clarifying the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations. Specifically, an entity is required to determine whether the nature of a promise is to provide the specified good or service itself (that is, the entity is a principal) or to arrange for the good or service to be provided to the customer by the other party (that is, the entity is an agent). The determination influences the timing and amount of revenue recognition. In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-12 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, which clarifies guidance in certain narrow areas and adds a practical expedient for certain aspects of the guidance. The amendments do not change the core principle of the guidance in ASU 2014-09. In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, which delayed the effective date of ASU 2014-09. As a result, this guidance will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. Earlier application is permitted only as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. We will adopt the new standard in the first quarter of 2018 using the modified retrospective method, and do not expect this standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)”. Under ASU 2016-02, an entity will be required to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on its balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 offers specific accounting guidance for a lessee, a lessor and sale and leaseback transactions. Lessees and lessors are required to disclose qualitative and quantitative information about leasing arrangements to enable a user of the financial statements to assess the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. For public companies, ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period, and requires a modified retrospective adoption, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the future impact of ASU 2016-02 on our consolidated financial statements

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, which amends the scope of modification accounting for share-based payment arrangements. The ASU provides guidance on the types of changes to the terms or conditions of share-based payment awards to which an entity would be required to apply modification accounting under ASC 718. Specifically, an entity would not apply modification accounting if the fair value, vesting conditions, and classification of the awards are the same immediately before and after the modification. ASU 2017-09 will be applied prospectively to awards modified on or after the adoption date. The guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is not permitted. We do not expect this new guidance to have a material impact on our consolidation financial statements.

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Note 2 Supplemental Balance-sheet Information

Receivables

Contract and other receivables consisted of the following (in ‘000’s):

	December 31, 2017			December 31, 2016
Contract and other receivables	$	998		$	2,393
Allowance for doubtful accounts		(8	)		(4	)
Contract and other receivables, net	$	990		$	2,389

Inventories

We state inventories at the lower of cost or net realizable value, using the first-in-first-out-method (in ‘000’s) as follows:

	December 31, 2017			December 31, 2016
Raw materials		136			61
Less: Reserve		(2	)		(2	)
Inventories, net	$	134		$	59

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill and Intangible Assets consisted of the following (in ‘000’s):

	December 31, 2017					December 31, 2016
	Gross					Gross
	Carrying		Accumulated			Carrying		Accumulated
	Amount		Amortization			Amount		Amortization
Intangible assets not subject to amortization:
Goodwill	$	1,907		-		$	1,907		-
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Customer relationships	$	906	$	(418	)	$	906	$	(327	)
Acquired software	$	234	$	(216	)	$	234	$	(169	)
Trade name	$	60	$	(5	)	$	60		-

We recognized amortization expense related to intangibles of approximately $143,000 and $137,000 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Annual amortization expense for the acquired software will be approximately $18,000 in 2018. Amortization expense for the customer relationships is expected to be approximately $91,000 during each year through 2022 and approximately $35,000 in 2023. Amortization expense for the trade name will be approximately $6,000 per year during each year through 2026.

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Property and equipment

Property and equipment consisted of the following (in $’000):

Estimated Useful

December 31,

Lives (in years)

2017

2016

Vehicles

Trade equipment

162

Leasehold improvements

–

378

292

Furniture and fixtures

Computer equipment and software

1,448

1,324

2,038

1,826

Less accumulated depreciation

(1,620

)

(1,282

)

Property and equipment, net

418

544

Depreciation of property and equipment and amortization of leasehold improvements and software totaled $0.3 and $0.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses

Accounts payable and accrued expenses consisted of the following (in $’000):

	December 31,
	2017		2016
Accounts payable	$	1,413	$	3,652
Accrued expenses		847		1,053
Compensation, benefits and related taxes		567		576
Other accrued expenses		14		38
Total accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	2,841	$	5,319

Note 3 Long-term Borrowings

Long-term borrowings consisted of the following (in $’000):

	December 31,
	2017			2016
Convertible notes payable	$	-		$	250
Less unamortized discount		-			(4	)

Notes Payable due July, 2022		1,995			945
Accrued interest – long term		47			-
Less unamortized discount and debt issuance costs		(386	)		(120	)
		1,656			1,071
Current portion of long-term borrowing		-			(246	)
Non-current portion of long-term borrowing	$	1,656		$	825

We repaid the remaining principal of our convertible note payable to Gerard J. Gallagher, a director, senior technical advisor and founder of the Company in July 2017.

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In February 2015 we entered into a multiple advance term loan agreement and related agreements with MHW SPV II, LLC (‘‘MHW’’), an entity affiliated with the Chairman of our Board of Directors, for a loan in the maximum amount of $2 million. We borrowed $945,000 under the terms of this loan agreement on February 3, 2015 and executed a promissory note to evidence this loan and the terms of repayment.

In July 2017, we amended and restated the terms of this multiple advance term loan agreement whereby we increased the maximum principal amount of loans to $2.5 million for up to sixty days, and $2 million thereafter. The term of the loan was modified to be five years from the date of modification, thereby extending the term of the $945,000 loan to July 19, 2022. As part of this modification, the interest rate on the $945,000 loan remains at a fixed annual rate of 12%, however it was changed so that 6% is paid in cash monthly in arrears, and 6% is payable in kind, to be evidenced by additional promissory notes having an aggregate principal amount equal to the accrued but unpaid interest. We can prepay the loan at any time, subject to a prepayment fee of (a) 4% if the prepayment is made prior to July 20, 2018, (b) 2% if the prepayment is made between July 20, 2018 and July 19, 2019, and (c) 1% if the prepayment is made between July 20, 2019 and July 19, 2020.

The obligations under the loan are secured by substantially all our assets pursuant to the terms of a security agreement. With the receivables financing agreement described below, MHW executed a subordination agreement to evidence their agreement that their security interest is subordinated to the security interest of RTS Financial Services, Inc. in all of the Company’s present and future accounts receivable and all proceeds thereof.

In conjunction with entering into the loan agreement, the Company and MHW also entered into a warrant agreement granting MHW the right to purchase up to 1,115,827 shares of the Company’s common stock. As part of the July 2017 modification, we also modified the warrant to change the exercise price of the shares and to extend the term of the warrant to July 19, 2022. The warrant is now exercisable for a period of five years from July 19, 2017 at an exercise price of $0.10 for the first 390,539 shares, $0.20 for the next 390,539 shares and $0.30 for the final 334,749 shares. The exercise price and number of shares of common stock issuable on exercise of the warrant will be subject to adjustment in the event of any stock split, reverse stock split, recapitalization, reorganization or similar transaction. The fair value of the modified warrant was determined to be approximately $167,000 and the incremental value of the warrant compared to the original warrant was approximately $6,000. This amount was added to the remaining unamortized value of the original warrant such that approximately $93,000 will be amortized using the straight-line method (which approximates the effective interest rate method) over the term of the loan. Amortization expense of $26,000 and $31,000 was recorded during each of the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively for this warrant.

On July 19, 2017, we also borrowed an additional $650,000 from MHW Partners, an entity affiliated with MHW. This loan ranks parri-passu with the $945,000 promissory notes held by MHW and is subject to the same loan agreement. Similar to the notes held by MHW, this note issued to MHW Partners bears interest at 12% per annum payable in cash monthly in arrears at a rate of 6% per annum and payable in kind at a fixed rate of 6% per annum and has a maturity date of July 19, 2022. We can prepay the note issued to MHW Partners at any time, subject to a prepayment fee of (a) 4% if the prepayment is made prior to July 20, 2018, (b) 2% if the prepayment is made between July 20, 2018 and July 19, 2019, and (c) 1% if the prepayment is made between July 20, 2019 and July 19, 2020.

The obligations under the loan agreement and this promissory note are secured by substantially all of the Company’s assets pursuant to the terms of an amended and restated security agreement. This security agreement amends and restates the security agreement entered into with MHW in February 2015.

In conjunction with entering into this new loan, we entered into a warrant granting MHW Partners the right to purchase up to 767,500 shares of our common stock. The warrant is exercisable for a period of 5 years from July 19, 2017, at an exercise price of $0.10 for the first 268,625 shares, $0.20 for the next 268,625 shares and $0.30 for the final 230,250 shares. The exercise price and number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of this warrant will be subject to adjustment in the event of any stock split, reverse stock split, recapitalization, reorganization or similar transactions. The fair value of the warrant granted was approximately $115,000. Using the relative-fair value allocation method, the debt proceeds were allocated between the debt value and the fair value of the warrants, resulting in a recognition of a discount on the loan of approximately $98,000 and a corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital. This discount will be amortized using the straight-line method (which approximates the effective interest rate method) over the term of the loan. Approximately $10,000 was amortized during the year ended December 31, 2017.

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Peter H. Woodward, the Chairman of our Board of Directors, is a principal of MHW Capital Management LLC, which is the investment manager of MHW and MHW Partners. MHW Capital Management LLC is entitled to a performance-related fee tied to any appreciation in the valuation of the common stock in excess of the applicable strike price under the warrants.

On October 6, 2017, we entered into an amendment to our multiple advance term loan agreement and the related security agreement with MHW and MHW Partners, to add new lenders to the loan and security agreements. Upon execution, Mr. Glen Ikeda and Mr. Andrew Berg became new lenders to the Company. In accordance with the terms of the Amendment, Mr. Ikeda then provided a loan in the amount of $300,000 and Mr. Berg provided a loan in the amount of $100,000 (collectively the “New Loans”).

The New Loans have a maturity date of July 19, 2022. The New Loans do not bear interest and we are permitted to make optional prepayments at any time without premium or penalty, provided that if we prepay the outstanding principal amount of a New Loan prior to the second anniversary of the date of the applicable note, then the total amount of such prepayment will not exceed 95% of the total principal amount of the applicable note and any remaining principal amount under the note shall be fully and finally cancelled, extinguished, forgiven and terminated without further action of any party.

The New Loans include customary affirmative covenants for secured transactions of this type, including compliance with laws, maintenance of insurance, maintenance of assets, timely payments of taxes and notice of adverse events. The loan agreement and ancillary documents include customary negative covenants including limitations on liens on assets of the Company.

Concurrent with the new loans, we entered into a warrant with Mr. Ikeda granting Mr. Ikeda the right to purchase up to 954,231 shares of our common stock. This warrant is exercisable until July 19, 2022, at an exercise price of $0.10 for the first 498,981 shares, $0.20 for the next 273,981 shares and $0.30 for the final 181,269 shares. The exercise price and number of shares of common stock issuable on exercise of this warrant will be subject to adjustment in the event of any stock split, reverse stock split, recapitalization, reorganization or similar transaction.

Concurrent with the new loans, we entered into a warrant with Mr. Berg granting Mr. Berg the right to purchase up to 318,077 shares of our common stock. This warrant is exercisable until July 19, 2022, at an exercise price of $0.10 for the first 166,327 shares, $0.20 for the next 91,327 shares and $0.30 for the final 60,423 shares. The exercise price and number of shares of common stock issuable on exercise of this warrant will be subject to adjustment in the event of any stock split, reverse stock split, recapitalization, reorganization or similar transaction.

The fair value of the two warrants granted in connection with the New Loans was approximately $367,000. Using the relative fair-value allocation method, the debt proceeds were allocated between the debt value and the fair value of the warrants, resulting in a recognition of a discount on the new loans of approximately $191,000, with a corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital. This discount will be amortized to interest expense over the term of the loan using the straight-line method (which approximates the effective interest rate method.) Approximately $10,000 was amortized during the year ended December 31, 2017.

Future principal repayments on the notes payable as at December 31, 2017 are as follows (in $’000):

2018	$	-
2019		-
2020		-
2021		-
2022		2,042
Total	$	2,042

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Note 5 – Sale of Business Component

On January 31, 2017, we completed the sale of certain identified assets and liabilities associated with a specific customer contract from our project management business for $350,000 pursuant to an Asset Purchase Agreement (“APA”) dated December 12, 2016 with Tech Site Services, LLC, a privately held Maryland company. The sale price was subject to certain post-closing adjustments relating to working capital and obtaining the consent of the customer as a condition of closing. Tech Site Services, LLC also must pay us an earn-out payment equal to 10% of all revenue generated under the customer contract in excess of $2.5 million in each 12-month period during the two-year period after the closing of this transaction.

The managing member of Tech Site Services, LLC is Thomas P. Rosato and the Company leased our Maryland office until December 2016 from an entity that is fifty percent owned by Mr. Rosato. Rents paid under this lease were $253,000 in the year ended December 31, 2016.

The transaction closed on January 31, 2017. The APA contains representations, warranties, covenants and indemnification provisions customary for a transaction of this type. Many of the representations made by us are subject to, and qualified by materiality or similar concepts. Both parties have agreed to indemnify the other party for certain losses arising from the breach of the APA and for certain other liabilities, subject to specified limitations. In connection with the transaction both parties will provide transition services with respect to the business activities that were sold.

The customer contract and intellectual property sold had a net book value of $0. As a result of the sale, Tech Site Services, LLC assumed liabilities of $7,000, resulting in $343,000 of cash proceeds that was paid to us upon closing. Additionally, we incurred approximately $29,000 in legal, escrow and other expenses that would not have been incurred otherwise. As a result, we recorded a net gain of approximately $321,000 in our consolidated statement of operations during the year ended December 31, 2017.

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On September 28, 2016, we sold certain identified assets and liabilities connected with our Maryland-based facilities maintenance business component for $950,000 pursuant to an Asset Purchase Agreement dated September 28, 2016 with Tech Site Services, LLC. The sale price was subject to certain post-closing adjustments relating to working capital and certain customer contracts of the business.

The customer contracts and intellectual property sold in September 2016 had a net book value of $0. As a result of the sale, Tech Site Services, LLC assumed liabilities of $308,000, resulting in $642,000 of cash proceeds. Additionally, we incurred approximately $40,000 in legal, escrow and other expenses that would not have been incurred otherwise. As a result, we recorded a net gain of approximately $910,000 in our consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2016.

As noted above, on July 1, 2016 we adopted ASU 2014-08 regarding discontinued operations. As a result, we evaluated both the sale of the specific customer contract and the sale of a portion of our facilities maintenance business component in light of this new standard. We concluded that neither of these transactions were a “material shift” (as defined in ASU 2014-08) for us and therefore, were not considered a discontinued operation. In accordance with ASU 2014-08, the following information is being provided:

	Years Ended December 31,
	2017		2016
Pre-tax profit related to facilities maintenance business	$	-	$	812
Pre-tax profit related to specific customer contract	$	93	$	478

Pro forma impact of disposition of facilities maintenance business

The following unaudited pro forma combined results of operations are provided for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 as though both of these disposition occurred on January 1, 2016.

The unaudited pro forma consolidated statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 reflect the following adjustments:

(1)

Eliminates the revenues and cost of goods sold as if the transaction occurred on January 1, 2016

(2)

Eliminates operating expenses including salary and related costs for employees who transferred as if this transaction occurred on January 1, 2016.

The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information is provided for illustrative purposes only and does not purport to represent what the actual results of operations would have been had the transaction occurred on the respective date assumed, nor is it necessarily indicative of the Company’s future operating results. However, the pro forma adjustments reflected in the accompanying unaudited pro forma financial information reflect estimates and assumptions that the Company’s management believes to be reasonable.

Pro forma adjustments related to the unaudited pro forma consolidated statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 were computed assuming the transactions were consummated on January 1, 2016 and include adjustments which give effect to events that are (i) directly attributable to the transaction, (ii) expected to have a continuing effect on the Company, and (iii) factually supportable.

	Years ended December 31,
(unaudited, in thousands)	2017		2016
	(Pro forma)		(Pro forma)

Revenue	$	18,311	$	22,845
Net income (loss)	$	358	$	(2,655	)
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share	$	0.02	$	(0.17	)

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Note 6 – Income Taxes

Income taxes are recognized for the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets are established for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our consolidated financial statements or tax returns. The effects of income taxes are measured based on enacted tax laws and rates.

The provision/(benefit) for income taxes from continuing operations consists of the following (in $’000):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2017			2016
Current:
Federal	$	-		$	-
State		19			12
Deferred:
Federal		6,290			(217	)
State		(4	)		1
Total provision (benefit) for income taxes before valuation allowance	$	6,305		$	(204	)
Change in valuation allowance		(6,296	)		223
Total provision for income taxes	$	9		$	19

The significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in $’000):

	December 31,
	2017			2016
Deferred tax assets:
Accrued expenses	$	65		$	69
Net operating loss carryover		8,792			13,387
Goodwill and other intangibles		1,665			3,254
Deferred compensation		135			247
Depreciation		39			55
Other carryovers and credits		12			10
Total deferred tax assets		10,708			17,022

Deferred tax liabilities:
Prepaid expenses	$	(20	)	$	(38	)
Depreciation		-			-
Total deferred tax liabilities		(20	)		(38	)

Valuation allowance		(10,688	)		(16,984	)
Net deferred tax asset (liability)	$	-		$	-

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, we had net operating losses (“NOL”) totaling $37.7 million and $36.9 million, respectively, to be carried forward 20 years to offset future taxable income and any unused NOL will begin to expire in 2027.

We do not believe our NOL will be limited under Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”) Section 382 and believe it will also be available for state income tax purposes subject to state carryforward limitations. IRC Section 382 limits the utilization of net operating loss in years subsequent to an owner shift based upon the value of the Company at the date of the owner shift. We have not undertaken a detailed study in connection with IRC Section 382 in order to determine if there is any limitation of the utilization of our NOL carryforward. If IRC Section 382 limitation were deemed to apply, our gross deferred tax asset and its corresponding valuation allowance could be reduced. The 2017 Tax cuts and Jobs Act revised the use of net operating loss carryforwards and limits them to 80% of taxable income each year, but removed the limitation on years carried forward.

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Our provision for income taxes reflects the establishment of a full valuation allowance against deferred tax assets as of December 31,2017 and 2016. Accounting Standards Codification Topic 740 Income Taxes requires management to evaluate its deferred tax assets on a regular basis to reduce them to an amount that is realizable on a more likely than not basis. In determining our provision/(benefit) for income taxes, net deferred tax assets, liabilities and valuation allowances, we are required to make judgments and estimates related to projections of profitability, the timing and extent of the utilization of net operating loss carryforwards and applicable tax rates. Judgments and estimates related to our projections and assumptions are inherently uncertain; therefore, actual results could differ materially from the projections.

We have adopted the provisions of the guidance related to accounting for uncertainties in income taxes. We have analyzed our current tax reporting compliance positions for all open years and have determined that it does not have any material unrecognized tax benefits. Accordingly, we have omitted the tabular reconciliation schedule of unrecognized tax benefits. We do not expect a material change in unrecognized tax benefits over the next 12 months. All of our prior federal and state tax filings from the 2014 tax year forward remain open under statutes of limitation. Operating losses generated in years prior to 2014 remain open to adjustment until the statute closes for the tax year in which the net operating losses are utilized.

The Company’s provision (benefit) for income taxes attributable to continuing operations differs from the expected tax benefit amount computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate of 34% to income (loss) before taxes for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, primarily as a result of the following::

	Year Ended December 31,
	2017			2016

Federal statutory rate		34	%		34	%
State tax, net of income tax benefit		4	%		1.9	%
Effect of permanent differences		11	%		(11.7	)%
Change in valuation allowance		(48.0	)%		(26.2	)%
Total		1	%		(2.0	)%

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was enacted on December 22, 2017. The Act reduces the US federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%. We remeasured certain deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the rates at which they are expected to reverse in the future, which is generally 21%. The remeasurement of our deferred tax balance was fully offset by the application of our valuation allowance. The accounting for the effects of the rate change on deferred tax balances is expected to be complete, and consequently no provisional amounts were recorded for this item.

Note 9 – Share Based Payments

In January 2007, our stockholders approved the Company’s 2006 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan, which was designed to attract, retain and motivate key employees. Under this plan, we reserved 5.1 million shares of our common stock for issuance to employees and directors through incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options or restricted stock. In June 2015 our stockholders approved a new 2015 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (the “Plan”) and reserved a further 2.5 million shares of our common stock for issuance to employees and directors through incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options or restricted shares. At December 31, 2017, 2,576,000 shares remain available for issuance.

The Plan is administered by the compensation committee of our Board of Directors. Subject to the express provisions of the Plan, the compensation committee has the Board of Directors' authority to administer and interpret the Plan, including the discretion to determine the form of grant, exercise price, vesting schedule, contractual life and the number of shares to be issued. We have historically issued restricted stock under the Plan; however, as further incentive to key employees, the Company also issued options to purchase shares of our common stock during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

Stock-based Compensation Expense

For the year ended December 31, 2017, we recognized stock-based compensation of $68,000. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company recognized stock-based compensation of $193,000 of which approximately $7,000 was included in Cost of Revenue.

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As of December 31, 2017, the total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock and options to purchase common stock was approximately $45 thousand with a weighted average remaining vest life of 1.1 years.

Stock Options

Although we had historically issued restricted stock under the Plan, we also issued options to purchase shares of our common stock during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. The grants have various vesting features but typically involve time-based vesting.

Fair Value Determination –We utilize a Black-Scholes-Merton model to value stock options vesting over time. We will reconsider the use of the Black-Scholes-Merton model if additional information becomes available in the future that indicates another model would be more appropriate or if grants issued in future periods have characteristics that cannot be reasonably estimated under these models.

Volatility -The expected volatility of the options granted was estimated based upon historical volatility of our share price through weekly observations of our trading history corresponding to the expected term for Black-Scholes-Merton model.

Expected Term -Given the lack of historical experience, the expected term of options granted to employees was determined utilizing a plain vanilla approach whereby minimum or median time to vest and the contractual term of 10 years are averaged.

Risk-free Interest Rate -The yield was determined based on U.S. Treasury rates corresponding to the expected term of the underlying grants.

Dividend Yield -The Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model requires an expected dividend yield as an input. We currently do not anticipate paying dividends; therefore, the yield was estimated at zero.

The following table summarizes weighted-average assumptions used in our calculations of fair value for the year ended December 31, 2017:

	Black-Scholes-Merton

Volatility		173	%
Expected life of options (in years)		5
Risk-free interest rate		1.93	%
Dividend yield		0	%

During the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, we granted stock options to purchase 2.557 million and 0.06 million shares, respectively, of common stock at a weighted-average exercise price of $0.10 and $0.10 per share, respectively, which reflects the fair market value of the shares on date of grant. In accordance with the terms of the Plan, the Board of Directors determined that the average of the high and low bid prices for the Common Stock reported daily on the OTCQB marketplace during the 20 trading days following the grant date was the fair market value of the shares. The weighted-average fair value of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, as determined under the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model was $0.10 and $0.06, respectively.

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The following table includes information with respect to stock option activity and stock options outstanding for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016:

Weighted Average

Number

Weighted

Remaining

Aggregate

Average

Contractual

Intrinsic

Shares

Exercise Price

Life (years)

Value*

Shares under option, January 1, 2016

2,405,000

0.48

Options granted

60,000

0.10

Options exercised

Options cancelled and expired

(245,000

)

(0.41

)

Shares under option, December 31, 2016

2,220,000

0.48

6.15

Options granted

2,557,000

0.10

Options exercised

Options cancelled and expired

(2,316,000

)

(0.41

)

Shares under option, December 31, 2017

2,461,000

0.15

9.27

687

*Aggregate intrinsic value includes only those options with intrinsic value (options where the exercise price is below the market price).

The following table summarizes non-vested stock options for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016:

				Weighted
	Number of			Average
	Shares			Fair Value
Non-vested stock options at January 1, 2016		1,685,000		$	0.36
Options granted		60,000		$	0.13
Vested during period		(200,000	)	$	(0.52	)
Options cancelled		(205,000	)	$	(0.30	)
Non-vested shares under option, December 31, 2016		1,340,000		$	0.34
Options granted		2,557,000		$	0.13
Vested during period		-		$	-
Options cancelled		(1,760,000	)	$	(0.29	)
Non-vested shares under option, December 31, 2017		2,137,000		$	0.13

The following table includes information concerning stock options exercisable and stock options expected to vest at December 31, 2017:

Weighted Average

Weighted

Remaining

Average

Aggregate

Contractual

Exercise

Intrinsic

Options

Life (years)

Price

Value

Stock options exercisable

324,000

4.62

0.47

Stock options expected to vest

2,137,000

9.27

0.10

684-

Options exercisable and expected to vest

2,461,000

Restricted Stock

We have granted shares of restricted stock under the Plan. A restricted stock award is an issuance of shares that cannot be sold or transferred by the recipient until the vesting period lapses. Restricted shares issued to employees typically vest over two or three years in in equal installments on the anniversaries of the grant date, contingent upon employment with the Company on the vesting dates. The related compensation expense is recognized over the service period and is based on the grant date fair value of the stock and the number of shares expected to vest.

The fair value of restricted stock awarded for the year ended December 31, 2016 was $7,000 and was calculated using the value of TSS’ common stock on the grant date. No restricted stock was awarded during the year ended December 31, 2017. The value of awards are amortized over the vesting periods of the awards taking into account the effect of an estimated forfeiture rate of zero associated with termination behavior for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

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The following table summarizes the restricted stock activity during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016:

				Weighted Average
	Number of			Grant Date
	Shares			Fair Value
Unvested January 1, 2016		720,000		$	0.55
Granted restricted stock		84,000		$	0.08
Cancelled restricted stock		(80,000	)		(0.37	)
Vested restricted stock		(475,000	)	$	(0.52	)
Unvested December 31, 2016		249,000		$	0.45
Granted restricted stock		-		$	-
Cancelled restricted stock		(54,000	)		(0.08	)
Vested restricted stock		(165,000	)	$	(0.62	)
Unvested December 31, 2017		30,000		$	0.15

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

The Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision of and with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of the date of this Annual Report. Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective such that information relating to the Company (including its combined subsidiaries) required to be disclosed in the Company’s SEC reports (1) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (2) is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

The management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. There are inherent limitations on the effectiveness of any system of internal controls, including the possibility of human error and circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Accordingly, even effective internal controls and procedures provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives.

Management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017. In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (“COSO”) of the Treadway Commission’s 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Management has determined that the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting were effective as of December 31, 2017.

There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended December 31, 2017 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15 and 15d-15 of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Information required by this item regarding our directors, executive officers and corporate governance matters may be found under the caption “Management and Corporate Governance” in our Proxy Statement relating to our 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “2018 Proxy Statement”) to be filed with the SEC within 120 days of December 31, 2017 and is incorporated herein by reference. Information relating to compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, may be found under the caption “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in the 2018 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

The information required by this item is included under the captions “Management and Corporate Governance,” and “Executive Officer and Director Compensation” in the 2018 Proxy Statement and incorporated herein by reference.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

The information required by this item is included under the caption “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” in the 2018 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

The information required by this item is included under the captions “Related Person Transactions” and “Management and Corporate Governance” in the 2018 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

The information required by this item is included under the caption “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms” in the 2018 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

The following consolidated financial statements of TSS, Inc. for each of the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 are submitted in Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this report:

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Report has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated on March 23, 2018.

“SAFE HARBOR” STATEMENT		ii
PART I
Item 1.	Business	1
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	5
Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	9
Item 2.	Properties	9
Item 3.	Legal Proceedings	9
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	9

PART II
Item 5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	9
Item 6.	Selected Financial Data	10
Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation	11
Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	21
Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	22
Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	47
Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures	47
Item 9B.	Other Information	47

PART III
Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	47
Item 11.	Executive Compensation	48
Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	48
Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence	48
Item 14.	Principal Accounting Fees and Services	48

PART IV
Item 15.	Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules	49
Item 16.	Form 10-K summary	52

	2017				2016
	Low		High		Low		High

First Quarter	$	0.04	$	0.22	$	0.02	$	0.16
Second Quarter		0.13		0.25		0.07		0.20
Third Quarter		0.15		0.30		0.04		0.15
Fourth Quarter		0.24		0.48		0.04		0.12

Plan Category	Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights		Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights		Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders		2,461,000	$	0.15		2,576,208
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders		-		-		None
Total		2,461,000	$	0.15		2,576,208

Monthly Period During the Quarter Ended December 31, 2017	Total Shares Purchased		Average Price paid per Share		Total Shares Purchased as Part of Publically Announced Plans		Approximate Dollar Amount of Shares Yet To Be Purchased Under Plans
Oct. 1, 2017 - Oct. 31, 2017		-	$	-		-		-
Nov.1, 2017 – Nov. 30, 2017		9,796	$	0.29
Dec. 1, 2017 – Dec. 31, 2017		-	$	-		-		-
Total		9,796	$	0.29

	December 31,
	2017			2016
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,268		$	2,152
Contract and other receivables, net		990			2,389
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts		223			539
Inventories, net		134			59
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		114			252
Total current assets		3,729			5,391
Property and equipment, net		418			544
Goodwill		1,907			1,907
Other intangible assets, net		561			704
Other assets		112			30
Total assets	$	6,727		$	8,576

Current Liabilities:
Convertible notes payable, current portion, net	$	-		$	246
Borrowings under receivable financing agreement		-			737
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		2,841			5,319
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts		2,494			2,818
Total current liabilities		5,335			9,120
Convertible notes, less current portion		1,656			825
Other liabilities		41			62
Total liabilities		7,032			10,007

Commitments and Contingencies		-			-

Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency):
Preferred stock, $.0001 par value, 1,000 shares authorized; none issued		-			-
Common stock, $.0001 par value, 49,000 shares authorized; 16,316 and 16,370 issued; 15,547 and 15,622 outstanding at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively		2			2
Additional paid-in capital		68,886			68,522
Treasury stock 769 and 748 shares at cost at December 31, 2017 and, 2016, respectively		(1,536	)		(1,532	)
Accumulated deficit		(67,657	)		(68,423	)
Total stockholders' equity (deficiency)		(305	)		(1,431	)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity (deficiency)	$	6,727		$	8,576

	Year Ended December 31,
	2017			2016

Revenue	$	18,316		$	27,373
Cost of revenue excluding depreciation and amortization		10,591			20,165
Gross profit		7,725			7,208
Selling, general and administrative expenses		6,459			8,149
Depreciation and amortization		481			602
Gain on sale of business component		(321	)		(910	)
Operating income (loss)		1,106			(633	)
Interest expense, net		(328	)		(365	)
Other income (expense), net		(3	)		(6	)
Income (loss) before income taxes		775			(1,004	)
Income tax provision		9			19
Net income (loss)	$	766		$	(1,023	)

Basic income (loss) per share	$	0.05		$	(0.07	)
Diluted income (loss) per share	$	0.05		$	(0.07	)

						Additional										Total Stockholders'
	Common Stock					Paid-in		Treasury Stock					Accumulated			Equity
	Shares			Amount		Capital		Shares		Amount			Deficit			(Deficiency)
Balance at January 1, 2016		16,366		$	2	$	68,329		724	$	(1,531	)	$	(67,400	)	$	(600	)
Restricted stock issuance		84			-		-		-		-			-			-
Cancellation of restricted stock		(80	)		-		-		-		-			-			-
Treasury stock repurchased		-			-		-		24		(1	)		-			(1	)
Stock-based compensation		-			-		193		-		--			-			193
Net loss for the year		-			-		-		-		-			(1,023	)		(1,023	)
Balance December 31, 2016		16,370		$	2	$	68,522		748	$	(1,532	)	$	(68,423	)	$	(1,431	)
Cancellation of restricted stock		(54	)		-		-		-		-			-			--
Treasure stock repurchased		-			-		-		21		(4	)		-			(4	)
Warrants issued for debt		-			-		296		-		-			-			296
Stock-based compensation		-			-		68		-		-			-			68
Net income for the year		-			-		-		-		-			766			766
Balance December 31, 2017		16,316		$	2	$	68,886		769	$	(1,536	)	$	(67,657	)	$	(305	)

Year
2018	$	698
2019		722
2020		776
2021		800
2022		190
Total	$	3,186

	Years Ended December 31,
	2017		2016

Basic net income (loss) per share:
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$	766	$	(1,023	)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding		15,505		15,405
Basic net income (loss) per share	$	0.05	$	(0.07	)

Diluted net income (loss) per share:
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$	766	$	(1,023	)
Plus interest expense on convertible debt		-		-
	$	766	$	(1,023	)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding		15,505		15,405
Dilutive options and warrants outstanding		1,156		-
Effect of conversion of convertible notes		3		-
Number of shares used in diluted per-share computation		16,664		15,405

Diluted net income (loss) per share	$	0.05	$	(0.07	)

Description	Page
Consolidated Balance Sheets - December 31, 2017 and 2016	23
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016	24
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016	25
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016	26
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	27

2.1		Asset Purchase Agreement, dated September 28, 2016 by and between VTC, L.L.C. d/b/a Total Site Solutions and Tech Site Services, L.L.C. (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 4, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

3.2		Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation dated January 19, 2007 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 25, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference)

3.3		Certificate of Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit A to the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement filed on April 29, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference)

3.4		Certificate of Amendment of Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, dated effective June 6, 2013 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 7, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference).

3.5		Amended and Restated Bylaws (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 No. 333-142906, filed on May 14, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference)

4.1		Loan Agreement, among TSS, Inc. Innovative Power Systems, Inc., VTC, L.L.C., Vortech, L.L.C., Total Site Solutions Arizona, LLC, Alletag Buildings, Inc. and MHW SPV II, LLC, dated February 3, 2015 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 3, 2015, and incorporated herein by reference).

4.2		Amended and Restated Loan Agreement, among TSS, Inc. Innovative Power Systems, Inc., VTC, L.L.C., Vortech, L.L.C., Total Site Solutions Arizona, LLC, Alletag Builders, Inc., MHW Partners, LP and MHW SPV II, LLC, dated July 19, 2017 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 25, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

4.3		Promissory Note, made by TSS, Inc. Innovative Power Systems, Inc., VTC, L.L.C., Vortech, L.L.C., Total Site Solutions Arizona, LLC, and Alletag Buildings, Inc. payable to the order of MHW SPV II, LLC, dated February 3, 2015 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 3, 2015, and incorporated herein by reference).

4.4		Amended and Restated Promissory Note, made by TSS, Inc. Innovative Power Systems, Inc., VTC, L.L.C., Vortech, L.L.C., Total Site Solutions Arizona, LLC, and Alletag Builders, Inc. payable to the order of MHW SPV II, LLC, dated July 19, 2017 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 25, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

4.5		Security Agreement, among TSS, Inc., Innovative Power Systems, Inc., VTC, L.L.C., Vortech, L.L.C., Total Site Solutions Arizona, LLC and Alletag Buildings, Inc. in favor of MHW SPV II, LLC, dated February 3, 2015 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 3, 2015, and incorporated herein by reference).

4.6		Subordination Agreement, among TSS, Inc. Innovative Power Systems, Inc., VTC, L.L.C., Vortech, L.L.C., Total Site Solutions Arizona, LLC, Alletag Buildings, Inc., MHW SPV II LLC and Bridge Bank, National Association, dated February 3, 2015 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 3, 2015, and incorporated herein by reference).

4.7		Warrant between TSS, Inc. and MHW SPV II, LLC, dated February 3, 2015 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 3, 2015, and incorporated herein by reference).

4.8		Promissory Note, made by TSS, Inc. Innovative Power Systems, Inc., VTC, L.L.C., Vortech, L.L.C., Total Site Solutions Arizona, LLC, and Alletag Builders, Inc. payable to the order of MHW Partners, LP, dated July 19, 2017 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 25, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

4.9		Amended and Restated Security Agreement, among TSS, Inc., Innovative Power Systems, Inc., VTC, L.L.C., Vortech, L.L.C., Total Site Solutions Arizona, LLC and Alletag Builders, Inc. in favor of MHW Partners, LP and MHW SPV II, LLC, dated July 19, 2017 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 25, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

4.10		Amended and Restated Warrant between TSS, Inc. and MHW SPV II, LLC, dated July 19, 2017 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 25, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

4.11		Warrant between TSS, Inc. and MHW Partners, LP, dated July 19, 2017 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.6 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 25, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference)

4.12		First Amendment among TSS, Inc., Innovative Power Systems, Inc., VTC, L.L.C., Vortech, L.L.C., Total Site Solutions Arizona, LLC, Alletag Builders, Inc., MHW Partners, LP, MHW SPV II, LLC, Andrew Berg and Glen Ikeda dated October 6, 2017 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 13, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

4.13		Promissory Note made by TSS, Inc. Innovative Power Systems, Inc., VTC, L.L.C., Vortech, L.L.C., Total Site Solutions Arizona, LLC, and Alletag Builders, Inc. payable to the order of Glen Ikeda, dated October 6, 2017 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 13, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

4.14		Promissory Note, made by TSS, Inc. Innovative Power Systems, Inc., VTC, L.L.C., Vortech, L.L.C., Total Site Solutions Arizona, LLC, and Alletag Builders, Inc. payable to the order of Andrew Berg, dated October 10, 2017 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 13, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

4.15		Warrant between TSS, Inc. and Glen Ikeda, dated October 6, 2017 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 13, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference)

4.16		Warrant between TSS, Inc. and Andrew Berg, dated October 10, 2017 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 13, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.1‡		Fortress America Acquisition Corporation 2006 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended (previously filed with the Commission as Annex A to the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement filed on April 30, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference)

10.2‡		Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement with executive officers relating to the 2006 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on May 20, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference).

10.3‡		Executive Employment Agreement dated January 19, 2007 by Fortress America Acquisition Corporation and Gerard J. Gallagher (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 10.10 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 25, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference), as amended by Amendment No. 1, dated August 26, 2008 (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 14, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference)

10.4‡		Amendment to Executive Employment Agreement, effective as of February 28, 2010, between the Company and Gerard J. Gallagher (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 1, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.5‡		Letter Agreement, dated February 28, 2010, between the Company and Gerard J. Gallagher (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 1, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference).

10.6‡		Amendment to Executive Employment Agreement, dated January 3, 2012, between the Company and Gerard J. Gallagher (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 3, 2012, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.7‡		Amendment to Executive Employment Agreement, effective as of March 15, 2012, between the Company and Gerard J. Gallagher (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 19, 2012, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.8‡		Amendment to Executive Employment Agreement, effective as of May 21, 2013, between the Company and Gerard J. Gallagher (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 24, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.9‡		Amendment to Executive Employment Agreement, effective as of August 13, 2013, between the Company and Gerard J. Gallagher (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 14, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.11‡		Amendment to Executive Employment Agreement, effective as of April 1, 2017, between the Company and Gerard J. Gallagher (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 5, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.12		Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Convertible Promissory Note, dated as of December 21, 2015, between TSS, Inc. and Gerard J. Gallagher (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 22, 2015, and incorporated herein by reference). ).

10.13		Warrant between TSS, Inc. and Gerard J. Gallagher (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 22, 2015, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.14‡		Executive Employment Agreement, dated January 3, 2012, between the Company and Anthony Angelini (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 3, 2012, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.15‡		Amendment No.1 to Executive Employment Agreement, effective as of March 14, 2012, between the Company and Anthony Angelini (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 19, 2012, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.16‡		Stock Option Agreement, dated as of April 30, 2012, between the Company and Anthony Angelini with respect to options to purchase 250,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 8, 2012, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.17‡		Stock Option Agreement dated as of April 30, 2012 between the Company and Anthony Angelini with respect to options to purchase 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 8, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference).

10.18‡		Amendment to Stock Option Agreement, dated as of April 10, 2017, between the Company and Anthony Angelini with respect to options to purchase 250,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-k filed on April 11, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.19‡		Amendment to Stock Option Agreement, dated as of April 10, 2017, between the Company and Anthony Angelini with respect to options to purchase 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-k filed on April 11, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.20‡		Separation from Employment Agreement and Release between TSS, Inc. and Martin T. Olsen (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 13, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.21‡		Employment Agreement, dated August 29, 2014, between TSS, Inc. and John K. Penver (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 29, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.22‡		Award Agreement, dated August 29, 2014, between TSS, Inc. and John K. Penver (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 29, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.23‡		Amendment to Award Agreement, dated as of April 10, 2017, between the Company and John K. Penver (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-k filed on April 11, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.24‡		TSS, Inc. 2015 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (previously filed with the Commission as Annex A to the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement filed on April 30, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference). ).

10.25		Factoring Agreement, dated May 6, 2016, among RTS Financial Service, Inc., and TSS, Inc., VTC, L.L.C., and Innovative Power Systems, Inc. (previously filed with the Commission as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 12, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

21.1*			Listing of subsidiaries

23.1*			Consent of Weaver Tidwell LLP regarding TSS, Inc. financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

31.1*			Certificate of TSS, Inc. Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.2*			Certificate of TSS, Inc. Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.1**			Certificate of TSS, Inc. Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.2**			Certificate of TSS, Inc. Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

‡	Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
*	Filed herewith.
**	Furnished herewith.

	TSS, Inc.

Date: March 23, 2018	By:	/s/ Anthony Angelini
		Anthony Angelini
		Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: March 23, 2018	By:	/s/ John K. Penver
		John K. Penver
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)

Signature			Title

/s/ Peter H. Woodward			Chairman of the Board
Peter H. Woodward

/s/ Anthony Angelini			Chief Executive Officer and Director
Anthony Angelini			(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ John K. Penver			Chief Financial Officer
John K. Penver			(Principal Financial Officer and Accounting Officer)

/s/ Gerard J. Gallagher			Chief Technical Officer and Director
Gerard J. Gallagher