Restructuring

European Initiative

The Company has implemented a restructuring initiative of certain facilities in Europe based on current and anticipated market demands. The estimated cost of this initiative is approximately $125,000 and is expected to be completed by 2018. The Company has recognized $31,581 of costs related to this initiative since initiation in the first quarter of 2015. The restructuring effort aims to further improve the Company's European capability by removing excess capacity, improving cost structure and shifting some production to its Eastern European facilities. Actions include consolidation of operations to improve efficiencies and closure or downsizing of certain facilities with high costs and unutilized capacity in Western Europe, including Germany and France. A previous European restructuring initiative has been combined with this new initiative. The following table summarizes the restructuring expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 and 2015:



	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2014		2015		2014		2015
Employee separation costs	$	1,730	$	2,204	$	2,773	$	17,271
Other exit costs	3,095		4,877		8,445		13,882
Asset impairments	—		—		—		428
	$	4,825	$	7,081	$	11,218	$	31,581

The following table summarizes the activity in the restructuring liability for this initiative for the nine months ended September 30, 2015:



	Employee Separation Costs			Other Exit Costs			Asset Impairments			Total
Balance at January 1, 2015	$	10,824		$	—		$	—		$	10,824
Expense	17,271			13,882			428			31,581
Cash payments and foreign exchange translation	(4,196		)	(12,021		)	(428		)	(16,645		)
Balance at September 30, 2015	$	23,899		$	1,861		$	—		$	25,760

North America Initiative

In the first quarter of 2015, the Company initiated the restructure of a facility in North America. The estimated cost of this initiative is $8,500 and is expected to be completed in 2016. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company incurred costs of $1,144 and $2,864, respectively, related to this initiative. As of September 30, 2015, there was no liability recorded for this initiative.

Other Initiatives

The Company has implemented several restructuring initiatives in the current and prior years including the closure or consolidation of facilities throughout the world, the establishment of a centralized shared services function in Europe and the reorganization of the Company's operating structure. Several of these initiatives are substantially complete, however, the Company continues to incur costs on some of these initiatives related principally to the disposal of certain facilities. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, the Company incurred costs of $20 and $472, respectively, related to these initiatives. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company incurred costs of $315 and $364, respectively, related to these initiatives.