3. Restructuring

Restructuring activities initiated prior to 2013

The Company implemented several restructuring initiatives in prior years including the closure or consolidation of facilities throughout the world, the establishment of a centralized shared services function in Europe and the reorganization of the Company’s operating structure. The Company commenced these initiatives prior to January 1, 2013 and continued to execute these initiatives during 2014. The majority of the costs associated with these initiatives were incurred shortly after the original implementation. However, the Company continues to incur costs on some of the initiatives related principally to the disposal of the respective facilities.

The following table summarizes the restructuring expense (reversal) for these initiatives for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2014:



	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2013		2014			2013		2014
Employee separation costs (reversals)	$	162	$	3		$	3,023	$	(56	)
Other exit costs (reversals)	408		(50		)	1,687		176
Asset impairments	1,023		—			1,110		—
	$	1,593	$	(47	)	$	5,820	$	120

The following table summarizes the activity in the restructuring liability for these initiatives for the nine months ended September 30, 2014:



	Employee Separation Costs			Other Exit Costs			Asset Impairments		Total
Balance at January 1, 2014	$	819		$	16		$	—	$	835
Expense (reversal)	(56		)	176			—		120
Cash payments and foreign exchange translation	(686		)	(192		)	—		(878		)
Balance at September 30, 2014	$	77		$	—		$	—	$	77

Restructuring activities initiated in 2013

In the first quarter of 2013, the Company eliminated certain positions within the organization that resulted in restructuring expense of $1,621, all of which is paid. No additional expense is expected to be incurred related to this initiative.

In the third quarter of 2013, the Company initiated the closure of a facility in Korea and the transfer of equipment to another facility in Korea. The Company has recognized $974 of costs related to this initiative and, as of September 30, 2014, this initiative was substantially completed. For each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, the Company recorded $314 of other exit costs related to this initiative. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, the Company recorded $67 and $352 of other exit costs, respectively, related to this initiative. As of September 30, 2014, there is no liability associated with this initiative.

In the fourth quarter of 2013, the Company initiated the restructure of a facility in Europe. The estimated cost of this initiative is $23,100 and is expected to be completed in 2016. The Company has recognized $22,355 of costs related to this initiative. The following table summarizes the restructuring expense (reversal) for this initiative for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2014:



	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2013		2014			2013		2014
Employee separation costs (reversals)	$	—	$	(8	)	$	—	$	404
Other exit costs	—		2,959			—		7,765
	$	—	$	2,951		$	—	$	8,169

The following table summarizes the activity in the restructuring liability for this initiative for the nine months ended September 30, 2014:



	Employee Separation Costs			Other Exit Costs			Asset Impairments		Total
Balance at January 1, 2014	$	13,501		$	—		$	—	$	13,501
Expense	404			7,765			—		8,169
Cash payments and foreign exchange translation	(3,977		)	(7,765		)	—		(11,742		)
Balance at September 30, 2014	$	9,928		$	—		$	—	$	9,928

Restructuring activities initiated in 2014

In 2014, the Company initiated the restructure of certain facilities in Europe. The following table summarizes the restructuring expense for these initiatives for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014:



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2014		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014
Employee separation costs	$	1,738	$	2,369
Other exit costs	136		680
	$	1,874	$	3,049

The following table summarizes the activity in the restructuring liability for these initiatives for the nine months ended September 30, 2014:



	Employee Separation Costs			Other Exit Costs			Asset Impairments		Total
Expense	$	2,369		$	680		$	—	$	3,049
Cash payments and foreign exchange translation	(866		)	(680		)	—		(1,546		)
Balance at September 30, 2014	$	1,503		$	—		$	—	$	1,503