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INCOME TAXES
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES

17.INCOME TAXES

The income tax benefit reflected an effective income tax rate of negative 377.3% and negative 35.4% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively, which was less than the statutory federal rate of 21.0%, primarily due to a decrease in our valuation allowance for deferred tax assets and the benefit from a research credit. The decrease in our valuation allowance is primarily due to the income during the year and the interest deduction limitation (deferred tax asset) which can be offset against our indefinite lived deferred tax liabilities. The income tax provision reflected an effective income tax rate of negative 10.8% and a negative 14.8% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively, which was less than the statutory federal rate of 35.0%, primarily due to an increase in our valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, partially offset by state taxes, the benefit from stock option exercises, and the benefit from a research credit.

We have analyzed filing positions in all of the federal, state and foreign jurisdictions where we are required to file income tax returns, as well as all open tax years in these jurisdictions. As of June 30, 2018, we recorded $0.9 million of unrecognized tax benefits, all of which would impact our effective tax rate, if recognized. We do not anticipate that our unrecognized tax benefits will materially change within the next 12 months. We have not accrued any penalties and interest for our unrecognized tax benefits. Other than the unrecognized tax benefit recorded, we believe that our income tax filing positions and deductions will be sustained upon audit, and we do not anticipate any other adjustments that will result in a material change to our financial position. We may, from time to time, be assessed interest or penalties by tax jurisdictions, although any such assessments historically have been minimal and immaterial to our financial results. Our policy for recording interest and penalties associated with audits and unrecognized tax benefits is to record such items as a component of income tax in our Statements of Income (Loss).

On December 22, 2017, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 118 (“SAB 118”), which provides guidance on accounting for the tax effects of the Tax Cut and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “2017 Tax Act”). SAB 118 was added to the FASB codification in March 2018 with the issuance of ASU 2018-05. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the enactment date for companies to complete the accounting under Accounting Standards Codification Topic 740 Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax effects of those aspects of the 2017 Tax Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company’s accounting for certain income tax effects of the 2017 Tax Act is incomplete but for which they are able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional amount in the financial statements. Provisional treatment is proper in light of anticipated additional guidance from various taxing authorities, the SEC, the FASB, and even the Joint Committee on Taxation. Provisional treatment is also necessary if the company is waiting for final financial information from domestic and foreign equity investments. If a company cannot determine a provisional amount to be included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provisions of the tax laws that were in effect immediately before the enactment of the 2017 Tax Act.

In accordance with the SAB 118 guidance, some of the income tax effects recorded in 2017 are provisional, including the one-time transition tax, the effect on our valuation allowance including the stricter limits on interest deductions, and the re-measurement of our deferred tax assets and liabilities. In addition, we are still evaluating the Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income provisions of the 2017 Tax Act and its impact, if any, on our Financial Statements. The accounting for these income tax effects may be adjusted during 2018 as a result of continuing analysis of the 2017 Tax Act; additional implementation guidance from the IRS, state tax authorities, the SEC, the FASB, or the Joint Committee on Taxation; and new information from domestic or foreign equity affiliates. As of June 30, 2018, we have not finalized our analysis of these provisional amounts.