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LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2021
Receivables [Abstract]  
LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSESAt September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had $1.47 billion and $1.57 billion, respectively, in loans receivable outstanding. Outstanding balances include a total net increase of $1.2 million and net reduction of $0.2 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, for unearned income, net deferred loan fees, and unamortized discounts and premiums. We had zero and $200,000 in loans held for sale at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Also, at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, our commercial and industrial loan portfolio includes $37.0 million and $91.2 million, respectively, of loans to small businesses through the Paycheck Protection Program ("SBA PPP" loans), which is a loan designed by the Federal government to provide a direct incentive for small businesses to keep their workers on the payroll. The portfolios of loans receivable at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, consist of the following:
 September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
 AmountAmount
 (Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and Industrial$66,277 $121,808 
Construction171,151 211,013 
Real Estate Mortgage:  
Commercial – Owner Occupied127,352 132,207 
Commercial – Non-owner Occupied311,897 324,840 
Residential – 1 to 4 Family711,908 670,827 
Residential – Multifamily76,522 94,748 
Consumer8,709 10,364 
Total Loans$1,473,816 $1,565,807 


An age analysis of past due loans by class at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 is as follows:
September 30, 202130-59
Days Past
Due
60-89
Days Past
Due
Greater
than 90
Days and
Not
Accruing
Total Past
Due
CurrentTotal
Loans
Loans > 90 Days and Accruing
 (Dollars in Thousands)
Commercial and Industrial$— $96 $47 $143 $66,134 $66,277 $— 
Construction— — 1,139 1,139 170,012 171,151 — 
Real Estate Mortgage:      
Commercial – Owner Occupied— — 2,170 2,170 125,182 127,352 — 
Commercial – Non-owner Occupied— — 309 309 311,588 311,897 — 
Residential – 1 to 4 Family— 163 557 720 711,188 711,908 — 
Residential – Multifamily— — — — 76,522 76,522 — 
Consumer— — 178 178 8,531 8,709 — 
Total Loans$— $259 $4,400 $4,659 $1,469,157 $1,473,816 $— 

December 31, 202030-59
Days Past
Due
60-89
Days Past
Due
Greater
than 90
Days and
Not
Accruing
Total Past
Due
CurrentTotal
Loans
Loans > 90 Days and Accruing
 (Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and Industrial$— $— $50 $50 $121,758 $121,808 $— 
Construction— — 1,365 1,365 209,648 211,013 — 
Real Estate Mortgage:      
Commercial – Owner Occupied
— 1,171 5,521 6,692 125,515 132,207 — 
Commercial – Non-owner Occupied
— 872 69 941 323,899 324,840 — 
Residential – 1 to 4 Family
— 662 1,669 2,331 668,496 670,827 — 
Residential – Multifamily
— — — — 94,748 94,748 — 
Consumer45 — 55 100 10,264 10,364 — 
Total Loans$45 $2,705 $8,729 $11,479 $1,554,328 $1,565,807 $— 

Allowance For Loan and Lease Losses (ALLL)
We maintain the ALLL at a level that we believe to be appropriate to absorb estimated probable credit losses incurred in the loan portfolios as of the balance sheet date. We established our allowance in accordance with guidance provided in Accounting Standard Codification ("ASC") - Contingencies ("ASC 450") and Receivables ("ASC 310").
The allowance for loan and lease losses represents management’s estimate of probable losses inherent in the Company’s lending activities excluding loans accounted for under fair value. The allowance for loan losses is maintained through charges to the provision for loan losses in the Consolidated Statements of Income as losses are estimated to have occurred. Loans or portions thereof that are determined to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance, and subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance.

The Company performs periodic reviews of its loan and lease portfolios to identify credit risks and to assess the overall collectability of those portfolios. The Company's allowance for loan losses includes a general component and an asset-specific component. The asset-specific component of the allowance relates to loans considered to be impaired, which includes performing troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) as well as nonperforming loans. To determine the asset-specific component of the allowance, the loans are evaluated individually based on the borrower's ability to repay amounts owed, collateral, relative risk grade of the loans, and other factors given current events and conditions. The Company generally measures the asset-specific allowance as the difference between the net realizable value of loan collateral or present value of expected cash flow and the recorded investment of a loan.

The general component of the allowance evaluates the impairments of pools of the loan portfolio collectively. It incorporates a historical valuation allowance and general valuation allowance. The historical loss experience is measured by type of credit and internal risk grade, loss severity, specific homogeneous risk pools. A historical loss ratio and valuation allowance are established for each pool of similar loans and updated periodically based on actual charge-off experience and current events. The general valuation allowance is based on general economic conditions and other qualitative risk factors both internal and external to the Company. It is generally determined by evaluating, among other things: (i) the experience, ability and effectiveness of the Bank's lending management and staff; (ii) the effectiveness of the Bank's lending policies, procedures and internal controls;(iii) volume and severity of loan credit quality; (iv) nature and volume of portfolio and term of loans (v) the composition and concentrations of credit; (vi) the effectiveness of the internal loan review system; and (vii) national and local economic trends and conditions, and industry conditions. Management evaluates the degree of risk that each one of these components has on the quality of the loan portfolio on a quarterly basis. Each component is determined to have either a high, high-moderate, moderate, low-moderate or low degree of risk. The results are then input into a "general allocation matrix" to determine an appropriate general valuation allowance.

The process of determining the level of the allowance for loan and lease losses requires a high degree of estimate and judgment. It is reasonably possible that actual outcomes may differ from our estimates.
The following tables present the information regarding the allowance for loan and lease losses and associated loan data:
Real Estate Mortgage
Commercial and IndustrialConstructionCommercial Owner OccupiedCommercial Non-owner OccupiedResidential 1 to 4 FamilyResidential MultifamilyConsumerTotal
Allowance for loan losses(Dollars in thousands)
Three months ended September 30, 2021
June 30, 2021$312 $3,482 $3,502 $8,514 $12,883 $1,250 $125 $30,068 
    Charge-offs— (226)— — (49)— — (275)
    Recoveries— 38 — — — 44 
    Provisions (benefits)95 (349)(105)(350)878 (166)(2)
Ending Balance at September 30, 2021
$409 $2,907 $3,435 $8,168 $13,712 $1,084 $123 $29,838 
Allowance for loan losses
Nine months ended September 30, 2021
December 31, 2020$492 $3,359 $3,078 $8,398 $12,595 $1,639 $137 $29,698 
    Charge-offs— (226)(153)— (49)— — (428)
    Recoveries15 — 49 — — — 68 
    Provisions (benefits)(98)(226)461 (234)1,166 (555)(14)500 
Ending Balance at September 30, 2021
$409 $2,907 $3,435 $8,168 $13,712 $1,084 $123 $29,838 
Allowance for loan losses
Individually evaluated for impairment$$300 $$235 $63 $— $— $613 
Collectively evaluated for impairment400 2,607 3,429 7,933 13,649 1,084 123 29,225 
Ending Balance at September 30, 2021
$409 $2,907 $3,435 $8,168 $13,712 $1,084 $123 $29,838 
Loans
Individually evaluated for impairment$47 $1,139 $2,443 $5,625 $1,022 $— $178 $10,454 
Collectively evaluated for impairment66,230 170,012 124,909 306,272 710,886 76,522 8,531 1,463,362 
Ending Balance at September 30, 2021
$66,277 $171,151 $127,352 $311,897 $711,908 $76,522 $8,709 $1,473,816 
Real Estate Mortgage
Commercial and IndustrialConstructionCommercial Owner OccupiedCommercial Non-owner OccupiedResidential 1 to 4 FamilyResidential MultifamilyConsumerTotal
Allowance for loan losses(Dollars in thousands)
Three months ended September 30, 2020
June 30, 2020$987 $3,660 $2,414 $6,181 $10,766 $1,058 $162 $25,228 
    Charge-offs— — — — (54)— — (54)
    Recoveries11 — — — — 14 
    Provisions (benefits)(385)1,284 421 648 (65)511 (14)2,400 
Ending Balance at September 30, 2020$613 $4,944 $2,836 $6,831 $10,647 $1,569 $148 $27,588 
Allowance for loan losses
Nine months ended September 30, 2020
December 31, 2019$964 $2,807 $2,023 $5,860 $9,151 $819 $187 $21,811 
    Charge-offs— — — — (54)— — (54)
    Recoveries18 — — — — 35 
    Provisions (benefits)(369)2,137 804 963 1,550 750 (39)5,796 
Ending Balance at September 30, 2020$613 $4,944 $2,836 $6,831 $10,647 $1,569 $148 $27,588 
Allowance for loan losses
Individually evaluated for impairment$78 $334 $257 $377 $61 $— $— $1,107 
Collectively evaluated for impairment535 4,610 2,579 6,454 10,586 1,569 148 26,481 
Ending Balance at September 30, 2020$613 $4,944 $2,836 $6,831 $10,647 $1,569 $148 $27,588 
Loans
Individually evaluated for impairment$116 $4,990 $7,447 $10,187 $2,855 $— $— $25,595 
Collectively evaluated for impairment126,392 258,884 129,050 290,847 648,039 84,819 10,985 1,549,016 
Ending Balance at September 30, 2020$126,508 $263,874 $136,497 $301,034 $650,894 $84,819 $10,985 $1,574,611 


Impaired Loans

A loan is considered impaired when, based on the current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the payments of principal and interest as of the date such payments were due. Loans are placed on non-accrual status when, in management's opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payment obligations as they become due, as well as when a loan is 90 days past due, unless the loan is well secured and in the process of collection, as required by regulatory provisions. When interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed. Interest income is subsequently recognized only to the extent cash payments are received in excess of principal due. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.

All our impaired loans are assessed for recoverability based on an independent third-party full appraisal to determine the net realizable value (“NRV”) based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, less cost to sell and other costs or the present value of discounted cash flows in the case of certain impaired loans that are not collateral dependent.
The following tables provide further detail on impaired loans and the associated ALLL at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:
September 30, 2021Recorded
Investment
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
Related
Allowance
 (Dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:   
Commercial and Industrial
$38 $38 $— 
Construction
— — — 
Real Estate Mortgage:
   
Commercial – Owner Occupied
2,238 2,238 — 
Commercial – Non-owner Occupied
173 173 — 
Residential – 1 to 4 Family
488 621 — 
Residential – Multifamily
— — — 
Consumer
178 178 — 
 3,115 3,248 — 
With an allowance recorded:   
Commercial and Industrial
17 
Construction
1,139 5,856 300 
Real Estate Mortgage:
   
Commercial – Owner Occupied
205 205 
Commercial – Non-owner Occupied
5,452 5,452 235 
Residential – 1 to 4 Family
534 534 63 
Residential – Multifamily
— — — 
Consumer
— — — 
 7,339 12,064 613 
Total:   
Commercial and Industrial
47 55 
Construction
1,139 5,856 300 
Real Estate Mortgage:
   
Commercial – Owner Occupied
2,443 2,443 
Commercial – Non-owner Occupied
5,625 5,625 235 
Residential – 1 to 4 Family
1,022 1,155 63 
Residential – Multifamily
— — — 
Consumer
178 178 — 
 $10,454 $15,312 $613 
December 31, 2020Recorded
Investment
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
Related
Allowance
 (Dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:   
Commercial and Industrial
$37 $37 $— 
Construction
— — — 
Real Estate Mortgage:
   
Commercial – Owner Occupied
2,853 2,853 — 
Commercial – Non-owner Occupied
69 69 — 
Residential – 1 to 4 Family
899 899 — 
Residential – Multifamily
55 55 — 
Consumer
— — — 
3,913 3,913 — 
With an allowance recorded:   
Commercial and Industrial
12 19 12 
Construction
4,840 9,330 301 
Real Estate Mortgage:
   
Commercial – Owner Occupied
2,882 2,882 200 
Commercial – Non-owner Occupied
10,040 10,040 350 
Residential – 1 to 4 Family
976 976 141 
Residential – Multifamily
— — — 
Consumer
— — — 
18,750 23,247 1,004 
Total:   
Commercial and Industrial
49 56 12 
Construction
4,840 9,330 301 
Real Estate Mortgage:
   
Commercial – Owner Occupied
5,735 5,735 200 
Commercial – Non-owner Occupied
10,109 10,109 350 
Residential – 1 to 4 Family
1,875 1,875 141 
Residential – Multifamily
55 55 — 
Consumer
— — — 
 $22,663 $27,160 $1,004 
The following table presents by loan portfolio class, the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020:
  Three Months Ended September 30,
 20212020
 Average
Recorded
Investment
Interest
Income
Recognized
Average
Recorded
Investment
Interest
Income
Recognized
 (Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and Industrial$48 $— $221 $
Construction1,290 — 4,990 40 
Real Estate Mortgage:
Commercial – Owner Occupied
2,446 7,515 14 
Commercial – Non-owner Occupied
5,651 123 10,240 158 
Residential – 1 to 4 Family
1,332 2,994 33 
Residential – Multifamily
— — — — 
Consumer178 — — 
Total$10,945 $136 $25,960 $246 

Nine Months Ended September 30,
20212020
Average
Recorded
Investment
Interest
Income
Recognized
Average
Recorded
Investment
Interest
Income
Recognized
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and Industrial$48 $$281 $13 
Construction1,309 — 5,020 119 
Real Estate Mortgage:
Commercial – Owner Occupied
2,447 10 6,167 95 
Commercial – Non-owner Occupied
5,662 256 10,302 312 
Residential – 1 to 4 Family
1,377 24 2,314 87 
Residential – Multifamily
— — — — 
Consumer178 — — 
Total$11,021 $295 $24,084 $626 

Troubled debt restructuring (TDRs)

We reported performing TDR loans (not reported as non-accrual loans) of $6.1 million and $13.9 million, respectively, at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Nonperforming TDR loans were zero and $274,000 at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. There were no new loans modified as a TDR and no additional commitments to lend additional funds to debtors whose loans have been modified in TDRs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and the year ended December 31, 2020, respectively. Under Interagency Statement ("Loan Modifications and Reporting for Financial Institutions Working with Customers Affected by the Coronavirus (Revised)") issued by Federal banking agencies, financial institutions generally do not need to categorize COVID-19-related modifications as TDRs. As a result, loans that have been restructured for short term deferrals through our loan deferral program for COVID-19 related hardships and meet certain other criteria specified in the Interagency Statement are not categorized as TDRs.

A TDR is a loan the terms of which have been restructured in a manner that grants a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. TDRs result from our loss mitigation activities that include rate reductions, extension of maturity, or a combination of both, which are intended to minimize economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral. TDRs are classified as impaired loans and are included in the impaired loan disclosures. TDRs are also evaluated to determine whether
they should be placed on non-accrual status. Once a loan becomes a TDR, it will continue to be reported as a TDR until it is repaid in full, foreclosed, sold or it meets the criteria to be removed from TDR status.

At the time a loan is modified in a TDR, we consider the following factors to determine whether the loan should accrue interest:

Whether there is a period of current payment history under the current terms, typically 6 months;
Whether the loan is current at the time of restructuring; and
Whether we expect the loan to continue to perform under the restructured terms with a debt coverage ratio that complies with the Bank’s credit underwriting policy of 1.25 times debt service.

TDRs are generally included in nonaccrual loans and may return to performing status after a minimum of six consecutive monthly payments under restructured terms and also meeting other performance indicators. We review the financial performance of the borrower over the past year to be reasonably assured of repayment and performance according to the modified terms. This review consists of an analysis of the borrower’s historical results; the borrower’s projected results over the next four quarters; and current financial information of the borrower and any guarantors. The projected repayment source needs to be reliable, verifiable, quantifiable and sustainable. At the time of restructuring, the amount of the loan principal for which we are not reasonably assured of repayment is charged-off, but not forgiven.

All TDRs are also reviewed quarterly to determine the amount of any impairment. The nature and extent of impairment of TDRs, including those that have experienced a subsequent default, is considered in the determination of an appropriate level of allowance for loan losses. For TDR loans, we had specific reserves of $261,006 and $420,000 in the allowance at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Some loan modifications classified as TDRs may not ultimately result in the full collection of principal and interest, as modified, and result in potential incremental losses. These potential incremental losses have been factored into our overall allowance for loan losses estimate.

Credit Quality Indicators: As part of the on-going monitoring of the credit quality of the Company's loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including trends related to the risk grades of loans, the level of classified loans, net charge-offs, nonperforming loans (see details above) and the general economic conditions in the region.
 
The Company utilizes a risk grading matrix to assign a risk grade to each of its loans. Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 7. Grades 1 through 4 are considered “Pass”. A description of the general characteristics of the seven risk grades is as follows:

1.Good: Borrower exhibits the strongest overall financial condition and represents the most creditworthy profile.
2.Satisfactory (A): Borrower reflects a well-balanced financial condition, demonstrates a high level of creditworthiness and typically will have a strong banking relationship with the Bank.
3.Satisfactory (B): Borrower exhibits a balanced financial condition and does not expose the Bank to more than a normal or average overall amount of risk. Loans are considered fully collectable.
4.Watch List: Borrower reflects a fair financial condition, but there exists an overall greater than average risk. Risk is deemed acceptable by virtue of increased monitoring and control over borrowings. Probability of timely repayment is present.
5.Other Assets Especially Mentioned (OAEM): Financial condition is such that assets in this category have a potential weakness or pose unwarranted financial risk to the Bank even though the asset value is not currently impaired. The asset does not currently warrant adverse classification but if not corrected could weaken and could create future increased risk exposure. Includes loans that require an increased degree of monitoring or servicing as a result of internal or external changes.
6.Substandard: This classification represents more severe cases of #5 (OAEM) characteristics that require increased monitoring. Assets are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Assets are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral. Asset has a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that impairs the ability to repay debt and jeopardizes the timely liquidation or realization of the collateral at the asset’s net book value.
7.Doubtful: Assets which have all the weaknesses inherent in those assets classified #6 (Substandard) but the risks are more severe relative to financial deterioration in capital and/or asset value; accounting/evaluation techniques may be questionable and the overall possibility for collection in full is highly improbable. Borrowers in this category require constant monitoring, are considered work-out loans and present the potential for future loss to the Bank.
An analysis of the credit risk profile by internally assigned grades as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 is as follows:

At September 30, 2021PassOAEMSubstandardDoubtfulTotal
 (Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and Industrial$66,230 $— $47 $— $66,277 
Construction170,012 — 1,139 — 171,151 
Real Estate Mortgage:     
Commercial – Owner Occupied122,153 3,029 2,170 — 127,352 
Commercial – Non-owner Occupied297,208 14,380 309 — 311,897 
Residential – 1 to 4 Family710,810 449 649 — 711,908 
Residential – Multifamily76,522 — — — 76,522 
Consumer8,531 — 178 — 8,709 
Total$1,451,466 $17,858 $4,492 $— $1,473,816 
 
At December 31, 2020PassOAEMSubstandardDoubtfulTotal
 (Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and Industrial$121,715 $43 $50 $— $121,808 
Construction209,648 — 1,365 — 211,013 
Real Estate Mortgage:     
Commercial – Owner Occupied123,657 3,029 5,521 — 132,207 
Commercial – Non-owner Occupied324,649 — 191 — 324,840 
Residential – 1 to 4 Family668,593 462 1,772 — 670,827 
Residential – Multifamily94,748 — — — 94,748 
Consumer10,309 — 55 — 10,364 
Total$1,553,319 $3,534 $8,954 $— $1,565,807