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Stock-based Compensation (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2012
Summary of Performance Stock Units

The following table shows a summary of the performance stock units as of December 31, 2012:

 

Performance Period    Minimum
Shares
     Target
Shares
     Maximum
Shares
 

2011 – 2012

     0         84,342         126,513   

2012 – 2014

     0         100,031         150,047   
                            
Summary of Status and Activity of Non-Vested Stock Awards

The following table shows a summary of the status and activity of non-vested stock awards for the year ended December 31, 2012:

 

     

Restricted

Stock Units

   

Performance

Stock Units

   

Total

Stock Units

    Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair
Value per Unit
 

Non-vested at January 1, 2012

     156,665        297,715        454,380      $ 26.43   

Granted

     67,012        104,598        171,610      $ 38.35   

Credited from dividends

     3,779        7,072        10,851      $ 35.67   

Performance stock unit adjustment

     0        (40,112     (40,112   $ 10.68   

Vested

     (85,187     (87,013     (172,200   $ 18.69   

Forfeited

     (6,171     (13,583     (19,754   $ 36.00   
                            

Non-vested at December 31, 2012

     136,098        268,677        404,775      $ 36.11   
                            
Stock Options Fair Value Assumptions

In accordance with accounting standards, compensation expense for non-vested stock options is recorded over the vesting period based on the fair value at the date of grant. The fair value of stock options on the date of grant is calculated using the Black-Scholes-Merton model and the assumptions listed below:

 

      February 2012 Grant     February 2011 Grant     August 2010 Grant     February 2010 Grant  

Grant date price per share of option award

   $ 38.21      $ 40.26      $ 20.00      $ 28.10   

Expected dividend yield per share

     2.75     2.50     2.50     2.50

Expected life in years

     6.5        6.5        6.5        6.5   

Expected volatility

     55.06     60.00     62.00     62.00

Risk-free interest rate

     1.34     3.02     3.05     3.05

Grant date fair value per share of option awards

   $ 15.82      $ 19.28      $ 9.82      $ 13.81   
                                  
Summary of Status and Activity of Stock Options

The following table shows a summary of the status and activity of stock options for the year ended December 31, 2012:

 

      Options    

Weighted Average
Exercise Price

per Option

    

Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Term

(in years)

     Aggregate Intrinsic
Value (in millions)
 

Outstanding at January 1, 2012

     353,452      $ 27.65         

Granted

     95,899      $ 38.21         

Exercised

     (103,719   $ 15.69         

Expired

     (2,413   $ 39.99         

Forfeited

     (11,420   $ 36.00         
                  

Outstanding at December 31, 2012

     331,799      $ 34.07         7.10       $ 1.5   
                  

Exercisable at December 31, 2012

     116,849      $ 30.27         4.87       $ 0.9   
                  
Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Expense Recognized

Total stock-based compensation expense recognized for the three years ended December 31, 2012 is as follows:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
      2012      2011      2010  
        
(Dollars in millions)                     

Stock-based compensation expense recognized:

        

Selling, general and administrative expenses

   $ 6.9       $ 5.3       $ 3.3   

Less related income tax benefit

     2.8         2.0         1.3   
                            

Decrease in net income attributable to Koppers

   $ 4.1       $ 3.3       $ 2.0