0001171843-11-001457.txt : 20110511 0001171843-11-001457.hdr.sgml : 20110511 20110511172243 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001171843-11-001457 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: DEFR14A PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 6 FILED AS OF DATE: 20110511 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20110511 EFFECTIVENESS DATE: 20110511 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: Global Geophysical Services Inc CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001311486 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: OIL AND GAS FIELD EXPLORATION SERVICES [1382] IRS NUMBER: 000000000 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: DEFR14A SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-34709 FILM NUMBER: 11832925 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 13927 SOUTH GESSNER CITY: MISSOURI CITY STATE: TX ZIP: 77489 BUSINESS PHONE: 713-972-9200 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 13927 SOUTH GESSNER CITY: MISSOURI CITY STATE: TX ZIP: 77489 DEFR14A 1 defr14a_051111.htm DEFR14A
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

SCHEDULE 14A
(RULE 14a-101)

INFORMATION REQUIRED IN PROXY STATEMENT

SCHEDULE 14A INFORMATION
Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
Amendment No. 1


Filed by the Registrant þ
 
Filed by a Party other than the Registrant p
 
 
Check the appropriate box:
 
p Preliminary Proxy Statement
þDefinitive Proxy Statement
p Definitive Additional Materials
p Soliciting Material under § 240.14a-12
 
 
 
p  Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only
     (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))
GLOBAL GEOPHYSICAL SERVICES, INC.
(Name of Registrant as Specified In Its Charter)
_______________________________________________________
(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if Other Than the Registrant)
 
Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):
 
þ No fee required.
 
p Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11.
 
(1) Title of each class of securities to which transaction applies:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(2) Aggregate number of securities to which transaction applies:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(3) Per unit price or other underlying value of transaction computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11 (set forth the amount on which the filing fee is calculated and state how it was determined):
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(4) Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(5) Total fee paid:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
p Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.
 
pCheck box if any part of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the filing for which the offsetting fee was paid previously. Identify the previous filing by registration statement number, or the Form or Schedule and the date of its filing.
 
(1) Amount Previously Paid:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(2) Form, Schedule or Registration Statement No.:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(3) Filing Party:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(4) Date Filed:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
 
 
 

 
Explanatory Note
 
On May 2, 2011, Global Geophysical Services, Inc. (“Company”) filed its definitive Proxy Statement with respect to its 2011 Annual Meeting of Shareholders with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Subsequent to such filing, the Company realized some data entry inconsistencies, tabulation revisions and associated explanations in the following sections, subsections and related footnotes:

(1)
Section “Components of Executive Officer Compensation” -  subsection “Cash Bonus Compensation”, in regard to Mr. Clark’s bonus compensation for year 2010, in the third paragraph;

(2)
Section “Executive Compensation” and the following subsections:

(a)  
“Summary Compensation Table” in regard to the 2009 Salary for Mr. Verghese, the 2009 Bonus for Mr. Degner, the 2008 and 2010 Bonuses for Mr. Clark; consequently, the totals reported under the “Total” column for the compensation paid to these Named Executive Officers, including Mr. Usher; and the 2010 Bonus explanation for Mr. Clark in footnote (1);

(b)  
“Grants of Plan Based Awards for Fiscal Year 2010” in regard to the explanation for the Nonstatutory Stock Options granted to Mr. Usher in 2009, in footnote (4);

(c)  
“Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End 2010” in regard to the number of Option Awards (Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options Exercisable and Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options Unexercisable) for Messrs. Usher and Graham; the Option Exercise Price for Mr. Graham; the Option Expiration Dates for Messrs. Degner, Verghese, Clark, Usher and Graham; and the number of Stock Awards (Number of Shares or Units that have not Vested and the associated Market Value of Shares or Units of Stock that have not Vested) for Messrs. Verghese, Clark and Usher; as well as the explanation for the Nonstatutory Stock Options granted to Mr. Usher in 2009, in footnote (2);

(d)  
“Option Exercises and Stock Vested in Fiscal Year 2010” in regard to the number of Stock Awards (Number of Shares Acquired in Vesting and the associated Value realized in Vesting) for Messrs. Clark and Thomas; and
 
(e)  
“Employment Agreements and Change of Control Arrangements”, more specifically the “Change of Control Arrangements”, in regard to the Restricted Stock Awards reported for Mr. Clark and Mr. Usher, and consequently the totals reported under the “Total” rows for the compensation payable to these Named Executive Officers.

The above mentioned revisions were made to the Proxy Statement as it first appeared in the EDGAR database. The Proxy Statement that was distributed to shareholders included the corrected information. The Proxy Statement contained in this filing includes all the revisions mentioned above. There are no other changes from the version that was filed with the SEC on May 2, 2011.
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
NOTICE OF 2011 ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
TO BE HELD ON JUNE 8, 2011
You are cordially invited to attend the 2011 ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS (“Annual Meeting”) of GLOBAL GEOPHYSICAL SERVICES, INC. (“Global,” “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) as follows:

Date:
Wednesday, June 8, 2011
Time:
1:00 p.m. CST
Place:
13927 S. Gessner Rd., Missouri City, Texas 77489
Agenda:
 
At the Annual Meeting, the Board of Directors will ask shareholders to:
1. Elect the following five directors: Joseph P. McCoy, Damir S. Skerl, George E. Matelich, Stanley de J. Osborne, and Karl F. Kurz.
2. Approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation of our named executive officers.
3. Approve, on an advisory basis, the frequency of the shareholder vote on the compensation of our named executive officers.
4. Ratify the appointment of UHY, LLP as our independent registered certified public accounting firm for the 2011 fiscal year.
5. Consider any other business that is properly presented at the Annual Meeting.
The Board of Directors recommends a vote FOR all nominees mentioned above, FOR Proposals No.2 and No.4, and EVERY YEAR for Proposal No.3.
Record Date and Who May Vote:
The record date for the Annual Meeting is April 25, 2011. Only shareholders of record as of the close of business on that date are entitled to receive notice of, to attend, and to vote at the Annual Meeting, or any adjournment or postponement that may take place.
Admission to the Annual Meeting:
 
If your shares are directly held in your name as a shareholder of record, an admission ticket to the Annual Meeting is attached to your proxy card. If your shares are registered in the name of a broker, bank, trustee or other nominee and you plan to attend the Annual Meeting, bring your statement of account showing evidence of ownership as of the Record Date. All shareholders who plan to attend the Annual Meeting must present a government-issued photo identification card, such as your driver’s license or passport. Please refer to the “Directions to the Annual Meeting and Additional Information Regarding the Admission” section for further details.
Voting Instructions:
YOUR VOTE IS IMPORTANT. You may vote (1) in person at the Annual Meeting, (2) by completing and mailing the enclosed proxy card, (3) via Internet, or (4) by telephone. Instructions are on your proxy card or on the voting instruction card provided by your broker. Your broker cannot vote for Proposals No.1, No.2 and No.3 without your instructions.

By order of the Board of Directors,
 
Christopher P. Graham
Senior Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel
 

May 2, 2011

Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the Annual Meeting:

The Proxy Statement and the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K are also available at
www.edocumentview.com/GGS or on our website at http://ir.globalgeophysical.com/annual-proxy.cfm.
 
 
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   Page
PROXY STATEMENT  
Information Concerning Proxy Solicitation and Voting 4
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PROPOSALS TO BE VOTED ON AT THE ANNUAL MEETING  
Proposal No. 1 - Election of Directors  8
   9
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Proposal No. 2 - Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation  9
   10
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Proposal No. 3 - Advisory Vote on Frequency of the Vote on Executive Compensation  10
   10
   10
Proposal No. 4 - Ratification of Independent Registered Certified Public Accounting Firm  11
   11
   11
     
DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE  
Executive Officers and Directors  11
   11
   12
   12
Corporate Governance Principles and Director Independence  17
Board Committees  18
   18
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Board and Committees Matters  20
   20
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   21
   21
  Communications with the Board 21
   22
Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions  22
   22
   22
  Stockholders Agreement 22
   23
   23
     
COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  
Objectives of Our Executive Compensation Program  23
Role of the Compensation Committee in Setting Executive Compensation  24
Role of Executive Officers in the Compensation Process  24
Components of Executive Officer Compensation  25
   25
   25
   26
   26
   26
   26
   27
   27
Compensation Committee Report  28
Executive Compensation  28
   28
   29
   30
   30
   31
Director Compensation  39
Equity Compensation Plan Information  39
     
AUDIT COMMITTEE MATTERS AND AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT
   
   40
   40
   41

 
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PROXY STATEMENT

Information Concerning Proxy Solicitation and Voting

This proxy statement (“Proxy Statement”) is furnished in connection with the solicitation by the Board of Directors of the Company (“Board”) of the proxies to be voted at the 2011 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on June 8, 2011, commencing at 1:00 p.m. CST, at the Company’s headquarters located at 13927 S. Gessner Rd., Missouri City, Texas 77489, and any adjournment or postponement of such meeting.


A Proxy Statement is a document that the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regulations require that we make available to you when we ask you to vote your shares at the Annual Meeting.


A proxy is a document, also referred to as a “proxy card,” on which you authorize someone else to vote for you in the way that you want to vote (“Proxy”). You may also choose to abstain from voting. Our Board is soliciting proxies from shareholders who wish to vote at the Annual Meeting. By using a Proxy, you can vote even if you do not attend the Annual Meeting. This Proxy Statement describes the matters on which you are being asked to vote and provides information on those matters so that you can make an informed decision.


These materials include:
·  
Notice of 2011 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (“Notice”);
·  
The Proxy Statement;
·  
The Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010, as filed with the SEC on March 18, 2011 (“Annual Report”); and
·  
The proxy card.

The Company has delivered printed versions of all these materials to you by mail, in connection with the Company’s solicitation of proxies for use at the Annual Meeting.


Only shareholders of record at the close of business on April 25, 2011 (“Record Date”) are entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting. Each shareholder is entitled to one vote for each share outstanding in his or her name on the books of the Company at the close of business on the Record Date. As of April 25, 2011, there were 36,416,934 shares of common stock of Global outstanding and entitled to vote.

Shares cannot be voted at the Annual Meeting unless the owner of record is present in person or is represented by a Proxy.


A “shareholder of record” is a person or entity that held shares on the Record Date registered in his/her/its name on the records of Computershare Trust Company, N.A., Global’s stock transfer agent (“Computershare” or “Transfer Agent”). Persons or entities which held shares on the Record Date through a broker, bank, trustee or other nominee are considered “beneficial owners”. This is often called ownership in “street name,” since your name does not appear anywhere in our records. The organization holding your account is considered the shareholder of record for purposes of voting at the Annual Meeting. “Street name” holders generally cannot vote their shares directly and must instead instruct the brokerage firm, bank or other nominee how to vote their shares using the method described under “How do I vote?” below.
 
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If you held your shares in your own name as shareholder of record, you may vote (1) in person at the Annual Meeting, (2) by completing and mailing the enclosed proxy card, (3) via Internet, or (4) by telephone.

·  
To vote by mail, sign and date each proxy card that you received and return it in the enclosed prepaid envelope. Proxies will be voted as you specify on each proxy card.
·  
To vote by telephone or through the Internet, follow the instructions attached to your proxy card.

By completing, signing and returning the proxy card or voting by telephone or through the Internet, your shares will be voted as you direct. Please refer to the proxy card for instructions. If you sign and return your proxy card, but do not specify how you wish to vote, your shares will be voted as the Board recommends.

If you held your shares through a broker, bank, trustee, or nominee they will be voted as you instruct on the voting instruction card provided by these organizations. Your broker, bank, trustee or other nominee should have enclosed, or should provide, a voting instruction card for you to use in directing them how to vote your shares. If you sign and return your card without giving specific instructions, your shares will be voted in accordance with the recommendations of our Board. If you do not provide timely instructions as to how your shares are to be voted, your broker, bank, trustee, or other nominee will have the authority to vote the shares only on “routine” matters (see the “What are abstentions and broker non-votes and how do they affect voting?” section of this Proxy Statement for further information). Being a beneficial owner, you may not vote your shares in person at the Annual Meeting unless you obtain a "legal proxy" from the broker, bank, trustee or nominee that holds your shares giving you the right to vote the shares at the meeting. Even if you plan to attend the Annual Meeting, we recommend that you also submit your Proxy or voting instructions as described in the Proxy Statement so that your vote will be counted if you later decide not to attend the meeting.

We know of no matters other than those listed in the Notice and in the Proxy Statement which are likely to be brought up for a vote at the Annual Meeting. However, if any other matters should properly come up for consideration before the Annual Meeting, or any adjournment or postponement thereof, the persons named in the Proxy will vote all proxies given to them, in accordance with the recommendation of the Board. Adjournments of the Annual Meeting may be made for the purpose of, among other things, soliciting additional proxies. Any adjournment may be made from time to time by approval of the shareholders of common stock representing a majority of the votes present in person or by Proxy at the Annual Meeting, whether or not a quorum exists, without further notice other than by an announcement at the Annual Meeting.


If you held your shares in your own name as shareholder of record, any subsequent vote by any means will change your prior vote. For example, if you voted by telephone, a subsequent Internet vote will change your vote. If you wish to change your vote by mail, you may do so by requesting a new proxy card in writing at 13927 S. Gessner Rd., Missouri City, TX 77489, Attn. Adriana Mateescu, by email at adriana.mateescu@globalgeophysical.com or by phone at 713-808-7335. Shareholders of record may also change their vote by voting in person at the Annual Meeting.

If you held your shares in street name, you should contact your brokerage firm, bank or other nominee to receive instructions on changing your vote. Subject to any rules your broker, trustee or nominee may have, you may change your proxy instructions at any time before your Proxy is voted at the Annual Meeting.

The last vote received prior to the Annual Meeting will be the one counted.

What are “abstentions” and “broker non-votes” and how do they affect voting?

Abstentions. If you specify on your proxy card that you wish to “abstain” from voting on an item, your shares will not be voted on that particular item. Abstentions are counted toward establishing a quorum but not toward determining the outcome of the proposal to which the abstention applies.

 
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Broker non-votes. Brokers must vote according to specific instructions they receive from the beneficial owners. Under the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) rules, if your broker does not receive voting instructions from you, your broker has discretion to vote these shares on certain “routine” matters. The election of directors in an uncontested election, advisory votes on executive compensation, and advisory votes on frequency of the vote on executive compensation are all “non-routine” matters. Consequently, your broker must receive voting instructions from you in order to vote with respect to Proposals No.1, No.2, and No.3 at our 2011 Annual Meeting. The ratification of our independent registered public accounting firm is considered a “routine” matter, and your broker will have discretion to vote with respect to Proposal No. 4. Proxies submitted by brokers that do not indicate a vote because they do not have discretionary voting authority and have not received instructions as to how to vote on a proposal will be considered as present for quorum purposes. On “routine” matters, shares voted by brokers without instructions are counted toward the outcome consistent with the brokers' vote.


A quorum is the minimum number of shares required to hold a meeting. Under our Bylaws, the presence in person or by Proxy of the shareholders of record of a majority of the shares entitled to vote at a meeting of shareholders shall constitute a quorum. Fifty percent or more of the outstanding shares must be present in person or by Proxy to constitute a quorum. If a quorum is not present at the Annual Meeting, the Board may call a second general meeting of shareholders, at which the quorum requirement will not apply.


For shareholders of record, the proxy card you received covers the number of shares to be voted in your account as of the Record Date.

For beneficial owners, separate voting instructions will be provided by your broker, bank or other nominee for shares you hold in “street name”.


It indicates that you may have multiple accounts with us, brokers, banks, trustees, or other holders of record. Sign and return all proxy cards, or vote each account by telephone or on the Internet, to ensure that all of your shares are voted. We encourage you to register all your accounts in the same name and address.


The SEC permits us to deliver a single copy of the proxy materials to shareholders who have the same address and last name. Each shareholder will continue to receive a separate proxy card. This procedure, called “householding,” will reduce the volume of duplicate information you receive and reduce our printing and postage costs. If you received one set of these documents at your household and you wish to receive separate copies, you may request them in writing at 13927 S. Gessner Rd., Missouri City, TX 77489, Attn. Adriana Mateescu, by email at adriana.mateescu@globalgeophysical.com or by phone at 713-808-7335, and these documents will be promptly delivered to you. If you do not wish to participate in householding and prefer to receive separate copies of our proxy materials, now or in the future, please submit a request to us at the address, email address or phone number listed above.

Similarly, if you currently receive multiple copies of this document, you can request the elimination of the duplicate documents by contacting us at the address, email address or phone number listed above.

Beneficial owners can request information about householding by contacting their bank, brokerage firm or other nominee of record.


Yes. If you are a shareholder of record, you may elect to receive the proxy materials electronically rather than in printed form. Choosing to receive future proxy materials by email will save the Company the cost of printing and
 
 
6

 
mailing documents to you and will reduce the impact of the Company’s Annual Meetings on the environment. If you wish to provide your consent and enroll in this service, go to www.investorvote.com/GGS.

Starting with the 2012 Annual Meeting, you will receive an e-mail notification directing you to the Web site hosting the proxy materials as well as voting instructions for voting via the Internet. By consenting to electronic delivery, you are stating that you currently have, and expect to have in the future, access to the Internet. If you do not currently have or expect to have in the future, access to the Internet, please do not elect to have documents delivered electronically, as we will rely on your consent and will not deliver paper copies of future proxy materials. Your election to receive proxy materials by email will remain in effect until you terminate it.

To view the current year’s Proxy Statement and Annual Report on Form 10-K, please visit our website at www.globalgeophysical.com, where you can view them by selecting Investor Relations - Corporate Governance - Proxy and Annual Report.


Our Board is soliciting your Proxy. We will not retain a proxy solicitor; however, our directors, officers and employees of the Company may solicit proxies in person, by mail, telephone, or email. Our directors, officers and employees will not be additionally compensated for these activities, but may be reimbursed for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses in connection with such solicitation. The Company will bear the entire cost of solicitation of the proxies, including preparation, assembly, printing and mailing of this Proxy Statement, the proxy card, and any additional information furnished to shareholders.


Any shareholder of record as of the Record Date may attend. Your admission ticket to attend the Annual Meeting is attached to your proxy card. Please vote your Proxy, and bring the admission ticket with you to the meeting.

If your shares are registered in the name of a broker, bank, trustee or other nominee and you plan to attend the meeting, bring your statement of account showing evidence of ownership as of the Record Date. However, as noted above, you will not be able to vote those shares at the Annual Meeting unless you have made arrangements with your bank, brokerage firm or other nominee of record.


Our Chairman of the Board, or such other director as designated by the Board, will call the Annual Meeting to order, preside at the meeting and determine the order of business. The only business that will be conducted or considered at the Annual Meeting is business discussed in this Proxy Statement, as no other matters have been brought to our attention to be voted at the Annual Meeting.


Recommendations for nominations by shareholders should be in writing and addressed to our Corporate Secretary at our principal business address. See the “Shareholder Proposals for the 2012 Annual Meeting” section of this Proxy Statement for further information. Once the Corporate Secretary properly receives a recommendation for nomination, the recommendation is sent to the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee  for consideration. Candidates for directors nominated by shareholders will be given the same consideration as candidates nominated by other sources.


The Company intends to announce preliminary voting results at the Annual Meeting and will publish final results on a Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC within four business days after the Annual Meeting.

 
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PROPOSALS TO BE VOTED ON AT THE ANNUAL MEETING

This Proxy Statement contains four proposals requiring shareholder action. Our Board recommendation for each of these proposals is set forth below:
 
 
 
Proposals
 
 
Board Recommendation
 
1. To elect the following five directors:
FOR
 
Class I:
 
 
Class II (1):
 
Joseph P. McCoy and Damir S. Skerl for a three-year term expiring at the Annual Meeting in 2014;
 
George E. Matelich, Stanley de Jongh Osborne (2) and Karl F. Kurz for a two-year term expiring at the Annual Meeting in 2013.
 
 
2. To approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation of our named executive officers, which we refer to as “say-on-pay”.
 
FOR
3. To approve, on an advisory basis, the frequency of the shareholder vote on the compensation of our named executive officers (every one, two or three years), which we refer to as “say-on-frequency”.
 
EVERY YEAR
4. To ratify the appointment of UHY, LLP as our independent registered certified public accounting firm for the 2011 fiscal year.
FOR
_________________________

(1)  
The Company did not hold an annual meeting of shareholders in 2010, as the Company completed its initial public offering (“IPO”) on April 21, 2010, and it filed its first Annual Report on Form 10-K with the SEC on March 18, 2011. We seek to reelect our Class II directors for a two-year term with the occasion of the 2011 Annual Meeting;
 
(2)  
Stanley de Jongh Osborne was appointed as a Class I director on March 27, 2007; however, the Board seeks to reclassify him as a Class II director.


Proposal No.1 - Election of Directors

Our Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides for a classified Board of Directors. The Board is divided into three classes, as nearly equal in size as is practicable, designated as Class I, Class II and Class III. Normally, one class of directors is elected at each Annual Meeting of shareholders to serve for a three-year term. However, because of we did not hold an Annual Meeting in 2010, our Class I and Class II directors have been nominated for election this year.
 
Mr. John R. Russell retired from the Board in December 2010 and Mr. Thomas J. Fleure resigned from the Board in April 2011, resulting in two vacancies on the Board. The Board appointed Mr. Karl F. Kurz to replace Mr. John Russell on December 31, 2010 and Mr. Joseph P. McCoy to replace Thomas J. Fleure on April 21, 2011, nominating both of the new directors for election at the 2011Annual Meeting.
 
 The Classes and their current incumbents are set forth below:
 
Class I (term expiring in 2011):
Joseph P. McCoy and Damir S. Skerl

Class II (term expired in 2009(1))
George E. Matelich, Stanley de Jongh Osborne, and Karl F. Kurz

Class III (term expiring in 2012):
Richard A. Degner, Michael C. Forrest, and Michael S. Bahorich.
 
________________________________
 
(1) Subject to successor being duly elected, which is being done in accordance with the 2011 Annual Meeting.
 
The Board has nominated (i) Messrs. Joseph P. McCoy and Damir S. Skerl to be elected to serve for a three-year term until the 2014 Annual Meeting, and (ii) Messrs. George E. Matelich, Stanley de J. Osborne and Karl F. Kurz for a two-year term until the 2013 Annual Meeting, until their successors have been duly elected and qualified, or until the earlier of their retirement, resignation, death, or removal.

Should any of the nominees become unable or unwilling to serve as a director at the time of the Annual Meeting, the person or persons exercising the proxies will vote for the election of a substitute nominee designated by the Board. All of the nominees have consented to be nominated and have expressed their intention to serve if elected. The Board has no reason to believe that the nominees will be unable or unwilling to serve if elected. Only the nominees or a substitute nominee designated by the Board will be eligible to stand for election as a director at the Annual Meeting.

If the above nominees are elected as proposed, the Board composition will be as follows:

Class I (term expiring at Annual Meeting in 2014):
Joseph P. McCoy and Damir S. Skerl

Class II (term expiring at Annual Meeting in 2013):
George E. Matelich, Stanley de Jongh Osborne, and Karl F. Kurz

 
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Class III (term expiring at Annual Meeting in 2012):
Richard A. Degner, Michael C. Forrest, and Michael S. Bahorich.


In accordance with our Bylaws, at all meetings of shareholders for the election of directors, a plurality of the votes of the shares of stock present in person or represented by Proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors is sufficient to elect directors. In addition, the Bylaws mention that the shareholders do not have the right to cumulate their votes for the election of directors. Brokers do not have discretion to vote on this proposal without your instructions. If you do not instruct your broker how to vote on this proposal, your broker will deliver a non-vote on this proposal.


The Board recommends that shareholders vote FOR the election of Messrs. Joseph P. McCoy, Damir S. Skerl, George E. Matelich, Stanley de J. Osborne, and Karl F. Kurz.

Proposal No.2 - Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation

The advisory vote on executive compensation described in this Proposal No.2 is referred to as the “say-on-pay” vote.

The Company is providing its shareholders with the opportunity to cast an advisory vote on executive compensation as described below. The Company believes that it is appropriate to seek the views of shareholders on the design and effectiveness of the Company’s executive compensation program. The Company’s goal for its executive compensation program is to attract, motivate and retain a talented, entrepreneurial and creative team of executives who will provide leadership for the Company’s success in dynamic and competitive markets. The Company seeks to accomplish this goal in a way that rewards performance and is aligned with its shareholders’ long-term interests. The Company believes that its executive compensation program, which emphasizes long-term equity awards, satisfies this goal and is strongly aligned with the long-term interests of its shareholders.

 
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The Compensation Discussion and Analysis, beginning on page 23 of this Proxy Statement, describes the Company’s executive compensation program and the decisions made by the Compensation Committee in 2010 in more detail.

The Company requests shareholder approval of the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers as disclosed pursuant to the SEC’s compensation disclosure rules (which disclosure includes the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, the compensation tables and the narrative disclosures that accompany the compensation tables).

As an advisory vote, this proposal is not binding upon the Company. However, the Compensation Committee, which is responsible for designing and administering the Company’s executive compensation program, values the opinions expressed by shareholders in their vote on this proposal and will continue to consider the outcome of the vote when making future compensation decisions for named executive officers.


Approval of Proposal No.2 requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of stock present in person or represented by Proxy at the Annual Meeting and entitled to vote on the subject matter in question, as per our Bylaws. Brokers do not have discretion to vote on this proposal without your instructions. If you do not instruct your broker how to vote on this proposal, your broker will deliver a non-vote on this proposal.


The Board recommends a vote FOR Proposal No.2.

Proposal No.3 - Advisory Vote on Frequency of the Vote on Executive Compensation

The advisory vote on frequency of the vote on executive compensation described in this Proposal No.3 is referred to as the “say-on-frequency” vote.

While under Proposal No.2 the Company is providing its shareholders with the opportunity to cast an advisory vote on the Company’s executive compensation program, Proposal No. 3 affords shareholders the opportunity to cast an advisory vote on how often the Company should include a say-on-pay vote in its proxy materials for future annual shareholder meetings (or special shareholder meeting for which the Company must include executive compensation information in the proxy statement for that meeting). Under this Proposal No.3, shareholders may vote to have the say-on-pay vote every year, every two years or every three years.

The Company believes that say-on-pay votes should be conducted every year so that shareholders may annually express their views on the Company’s executive compensation program. The Company values the opinions expressed by shareholders in these votes, and it will consider the outcome of these votes in making its decisions on executive compensation.


Approval of Proposal No.3 requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of stock present in person or represented by Proxy at the Annual Meeting and entitled to vote on the subject matter in question, as per our Bylaws. Brokers do not have discretion to vote on this proposal without your instructions. If you do not instruct your broker how to vote on this proposal, your broker will deliver a non-vote on this proposal.


The Board recommends that shareholders vote on Proposal No.3 to hold say-on-pay votes EVERY YEAR (as opposed to every two years or every three years). Please note, you are not voting for a specific proposition, but are affirmatively voting for a period of time.
 
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Proposal No.4 - Ratification of Independent Registered Certified Public Accounting Firm

UHY, LLP (“UHY”) has been serving as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm since its inception. Subject to ratification by our shareholders, the Audit Committee has appointed UHY as our independent registered public accounting firm to audit our consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2011 and to perform other audit-related services.

The reports of UHY on the consolidated financial statements of Company for the year ended December 31, 2010 and for the year ended December 31, 2009 did not contain adverse opinions or a disclaimer of opinions and were not qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope or accounting principles. During the Company’s two most recent fiscal years, ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, and from January 1, 2011 through May 2, 2011, there were no disagreements with UHY on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure or auditing scope or procedure, which disagreements, if not resolved to UHY’s satisfaction, would have caused UHY to make reference to the subject matter of such disagreements in connection with its reports on the Company’s consolidated financial statements for such years. During the Company’s two most recent fiscal years, ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, and from January 1, 2011 through May 2, 2011, there were no “reportable events” as defined under Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K.

At the Annual Meeting, the shareholders are being asked to ratify the appointment of UHY as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for 2011. In the event of a negative vote on such ratification, the Audit Committee will reconsider its selection. Even if this appointment is ratified, the Audit Committee, in its discretion, may direct the appointment of a different independent registered public accounting firm at any time during the year if the Audit Committee determines that such a change would be in the best interest of the Company and its shareholders.

Representatives of UHY are expected to be present at the Annual Meeting and will be afforded an opportunity to make a statement, if they desire, and to respond to appropriate questions from shareholders.


Approval of Proposal No.4 requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of stock present in person or represented by Proxy at the Annual Meeting and entitled to vote on the subject matter in question, as per our Bylaws. Brokers do have discretion to vote on this proposal without your instructions. If you do not instruct your broker how to vote on this proposal, your broker will vote on this proposal in its discretion.


The Board recommends a vote FOR Proposal No.4.
 
 
DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE


Current Executive Officers and Directors

The following table sets forth certain information regarding our executive officers and directors as of May 2, 2011:

Name
Age
Position(s)
     
Richard A. Degner
50
Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer
P. Mathew Verghese
46
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
William A. Clark
52
Senior Vice President and Chief Sales Officer
Christopher T. Usher
50
Senior Vice President, Data Processing, Analysis and Interpretation and Chief Technology Officer
 
 
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Christopher P. Graham
38
Senior Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel
Thomas J. Fleure
49
Senior Vice President, Geophysical Technology
Craig A. Lindberg
41
Senior Vice President, Strategic Initiatives
Ray L. Mays
53
Vice President, US Land Operations
Barry L. Weinman
63
President, Weinman GeoScience Division
Kirk L. Girouard
60
Vice President, South America
Jeff M. Howell
55
Vice President, HSEQ
Lawrence M. Scott
53
Vice President
Karl F. Kurz (1) (2) (3)
49
Director
Damir S. Skerl (1) (2) (3)
71
Director
Joseph P. McCoy (1)
60
Director
George E. Matelich (2) (3)
54
Director
Stanley de J. Osborne
40
Director
Michael C. Forrest
77
Director
Michael S. Bahorich
54
Director
__________________
 
(1)       Audit Committee member.
(2)       Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee member;
(3)       Compensation Committee member.


The following table sets forth a summary of the changes in the Executive Officers and Directors listing, during 2010 and 2011, as follows:
 
Name
Change
Position(s)
Year
       
Alvin L. Thomas II
Resigned
Senior Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel
2010
Christopher P. Graham
Appointed
Senior Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel
2010
John R. Russell
Retired
Director
2010
Karl F. Kurz
Appointed
Director
2010
William A. Clark
Title change
Senior Vice President, Multi-client Services
2011
Thomas J. Fleure
Resigned
Director
2011
Stanley de J. Osborne
Resigned
Member of the Audit Committee
2011
Joseph P. McCoy
Appointed
Director and Member of the Audit Committee
2011
Michael S. Bahorich
Appointed
Director
2011


Richard A. Degner founded our company in June 2003 and currently serves as our Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and Chief Executive Officer. Prior to founding the company, Mr. Degner served as President of PGS Onshore, Inc., a geophysical services company, from December 1999 to June 2003. Prior to joining PGS Onshore, Mr. Degner held various management positions during a 17-year career with Western Geophysical, including Vice President - Western Hemisphere Operations from January 1997 to September 1999. Mr. Degner received a Bachelor of Science in both Geophysical Engineering and Geological Engineering from the Colorado School of Mines and a Masters of Business Administration from Rice University. Mr. Degner's more than twenty years of experience with other seismic companies gave him the vision that serves as the foundation of our Company and shapes our long-term business plan.


 
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P. Mathew Verghese joined us in March 2009 as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Prior to joining us, Mr. Verghese was a Senior Vice President in the Capital Markets Division at Lehman Brothers Inc., an investment bank, from April 2007 to September 2008 and with Barclays Capital, Inc., an investment bank, from September 2008 until December 2008. While at Lehman Brothers, he served as an Investment Manager and Chief Operating Officer of the Lehman Energy Fund, a principal investments group which specialized in debt and private equity investments to the energy sector. From June 2005 through 2007, Mr. Verghese was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of LANNSYS Inc., a technology services firm, and he currently serves as the Chairman of its Board of Directors. Mr. Verghese served as President and Chief Executive Officer of EC Outlook, Inc. from October 2000 and until its acquisition by LANNSYS, and was formerly a partner at Arthur Andersen LLP, Chief Financial Officer of Andersen Business Consulting and head of its venture capital efforts in North America in its corporate development group and its alliances and partnerships organization. Mr. Verghese is past chairman of the Board of Advisors of the College of Technology at the University of Houston. He received a Bachelor of Business Administration from the University of Houston.

William Anthony Clark joined us in October 2007. He originally served as our Vice President Multi-client Services, in January 2008 became Senior Vice President Multi-client Services, and then in January 2011 was named Senior Vice President and Chief Sales Officer. He also serves as President of WAC Consulting, Inc., a position he has held since June 2000. Mr. Clark worked for Seismic Exchange, Inc., a data library provider, and in 1995, founded Seismic Assistants, Inc., a provider of 3D speculation programs. Mr. Clark graduated from Mississippi State University with a Bachelor of Business Administration in Marketing, and has served on the Board of the College of Business and Industry at Mississippi State University since 2003.

Christopher T. Usher joined us in January 2010 as Senior Vice President, Data Processing, Analysis and Interpretation and Chief Technology Officer. Prior to joining us, Mr. Usher served as Senior Director, Landmark Software and Services at the Landmark division of Halliburton, an oilfield services corporation, from October 2005 to January 2010. From November 2003 to September 2005, Mr. Usher was Senior Corporate Vice President of Integrated Services at Paradigm Geotechnology. Prior to that Mr. Usher held several senior level positions in the geophysical industry including President of PGS' Data Processing Division, Vice President of Worldwide Technology at Western Geophysical, and Vice President of Eastern Hemisphere Data Processing at Western Geophysical. Mr. Usher is a graduate of Yale University with a Bachelor of Science in Geology and Geophysics. Mr. Usher is a director of SensiLaser Technologies, Inc.

Christopher P. Graham joined the Company in October, 2010, as our Senior Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel, replacing Alvin L. Thomas who resigned. Before joining the Company, Mr. Graham was a Shareholder with the firm of Chamberlain, Hrdlicka, White, Williams & Martin, PC, headquartered in Houston, Texas, where he practiced law for the previous decade. Mr. Graham graduated magna cum laude from the University of Houston Law Center, and has focused much of his successful legal career on business counseling, risk management and securities matters. He has substantial experience representing a broad spectrum of clients in energy, exploration and production, oilfield services, technology and maritime sectors, which he brings to the Company. Mr. Graham is also a graduate of the University of Texas with a Bachelor of Business Administration.

Thomas J. Fleure joined us in August 2004 and currently serves as our Senior Vice President, Geophysical Technology. Mr. Fleure resigned as a director in April, 2011, having been a director since December 2004. Prior to joining us, Mr. Fleure spent 21 years at Western Geophysical and its successor, WesternGeco, where he held several senior management positions in both technology and operations, including positions as InTouch Manager for Geophysics and Survey Evaluation and Design, Applied Technology Special Projects Manager, and Manager of Western Hemisphere Marine Operations. Mr. Fleure received a Bachelor of Science in Geophysical Engineering from the Colorado School of Mines.

Craig A. Lindberg joined us in May 2005 as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, positions he held until July 2008. From July 2008 through August 2009, Mr. Lindberg served as Senior Vice President and as the President and CEO of our subsidiary, AutoSeis, Inc. He currently serves as Senior Vice President, Strategic Initiatives. From August 2001 to April 2005, Mr. Lindberg served as a Regional Manager for Tyson Foods, Inc. Prior to that, Mr. Lindberg worked for Hormel Foods. Mr. Lindberg received a Bachelor of Science degree from the
 
 
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University of Houston and a Masters of Business Administration from Rice University. He currently serves as a director of Fast Felt Corporation.

Ray L. Mays joined us in January 2010 as Vice President, U.S. Land Operations. Prior to joining us, Mr. Mays was Senior Vice President at CGGVeritas, a geophysical services company, from March 2007 to January 2010. Mr. Mays began working at CGGVeritas (formerly Veritas DGC, Inc.) in February 1996. Prior to becoming Senior Vice President, he served in a variety of positions at CGGVeritas including Corporate Director of Quality, Health, Safety, Environment, and Security and Vice President of Health, Safety, and Environments for Land Operations. Prior to working at CGGVeritas, Mr. Mays worked for Grant Geophysical, Halliburton Energy Services, and Mobil Oil Corporation.

Barry L. Weinman joined us in June 2008 as President of our Weinman GeoScience - Division. From 1983 to its acquisition by us in June 2008, Mr. Weinman served as the President of Weinman GeoScience, Inc., a geophysical services company. Mr. Weinman worked at Hunt Oil Company from 1980 to 1983 and as an interpretation geophysicist at Mobil Oil Corporation from 1975 to 1980. Mr. Weinman is past president of the Dallas Geophysical Society and for several years served on its executive committee. Mr. Weinman is a member of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists and American Association of Petroleum Geologists, and is a licensed professional geoscientist in the state of Texas. Mr. Weinman received a Bachelor of Science in Physics from the University of Maryland and a Masters of Science degree in Geophysics from Pennsylvania State University.

Kirk L. Girouard joined us in November 2004 as our Vice President, U.S. Operations, and currently serves as our Vice President - South America. From August 2003 to November 2004 Mr. Girouard worked with Omni Energy Services, both as an outside consultant and as part of the management team for Omni's aviation division. Mr. Girouard also served as Operations Manager for both United States Gulf Coast Operations and United States Land Seismic Operations and Manager of Project Development, Western Hemisphere at WesternGeco from May 2000 to June 2003. With the exception of a two-year assignment as Operations Supervisor in Africa, Mr. Girouard spent the majority of his career from May 1980 to May 2000 managing Latin American seismic operations at Western Geophysical. Mr. Girouard received a Bachelor of Science in Mathematics from Lamar University.

Jeff M. Howell joined us in February 2005 as our Vice President, Health, Safety, Environment & Quality. From July 2003 to January 2005, Mr. Howell was the U.S. Land QHSE Manager and Training Coordinator for the Schlumberger Oilfield Services division of Schlumberger Limited, a supplier of exploration and production services. Mr. Howell began his career at Western Geophysical in 1982 and held numerous field and area management positions, including Director of Worldwide QHSE from March 1994 to June 2003.

Lawrence M. Scott joined us in June 2007 and currently serves as a Vice President. From January 2005 until June 2007, Mr. Scott was President of Offshore Hydrocarbon Mapping Inc. and Vice President of OHM Ltd., where he was responsible for all sales, marketing and business development activities related to OHM's Controlled Source Electromagnetic services worldwide. From September 2003 to January 2005, Mr. Scott was Senior Vice President of Integrated Seismic Solutions for GXT Technology, and from 2000 to 2003 Vice President, Marine Acquisition for CGGVeritas. Mr. Scott also worked at Western Geophysical from 1979 to 2000, holding various positions, including General Manager of Western Hemisphere Marine from 1996 to 1998 and General Manager of Eastern Hemisphere Marine from 1999 to 2000. Mr. Scott graduated from the University of Texas with highest honors for his Bachelor degree in Science and Humanities.

Karl F. Kurz joined us in December 31, 2010, stepping into the vacated seat of retiring member of our Board member, John R. Russell. Mr. Kurz brings over twenty eight years of energy industry experience, with particular focus in executive management, operations, midstream, marketing, business development and planning. Mr. Kurz joined, in March 2009, CCMP Capital Advisors, LLC (a global private equity firm specializing in buyouts and growth equity investments) as its Managing Director and Co-Head of the Energy Group. Previously, Mr. Kurz served as the Chief Operating Officer for Anadarko Petroleum Corporation, from December 2006 through March 2009. He had responsibility for global exploration and production, marketing, midstream, land, technology, and engineering services. Mr. Kurz joined Anadarko in 2000 as Manager, Energy Marketing. He was promoted to Vice President, Marketing in November 2003, to Senior Vice President, Marketing, and General Manager, U.S. Onshore in May 2005 and to Senior Vice President, North America Operations, Midstream and Marketing in August 2006. Mr. Kurz has been involved in the energy industry for over 27 years. He began his career with ARCO Oil & Gas
 
 
14

 
Company in 1983 and spent seven years in various upstream roles, with a focus on reservoir and production engineering. In 1990, he continued his career with a move into ARCO Oil & Gas Company’s Crude Oil Marketing Department. Mr. Kurz became Manager of Vastar Resources, Inc.’s Crude Oil and NGL Marketing Department in 1995 and was promoted to General Manager of Midstream and Marketing in 1998. Mr. Kurz holds a Bachelor of Science in petroleum engineering from Texas A&M University, graduating Magna Cum Laude in 1983. He is also a graduate of Harvard’s Advanced Management Program in 2008. Mr. Kurz has served on the Board of Directors of Natural Gas Supply Association, the American Petroleum Institute, and the Independent Petroleum Association of America.  He also served on the board of Western Gas Partners (WES) from December 2007 through March 2008, and currently serves on the board of SemGroup (SEMG) Corporation and Chaparral Energy LLC. Mr. Kurz provides us with valuable insight with regard to operations and business development from the perspective of an independent oil company.

Damir S. Skerl joined us in June 2005 and serves as a member of our Board of Directors. Mr. Skerl currently serves as President of Skerl & Associates, LLC, an engineering consulting company, a position he has held since December 1998, and Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors of Smart Drilling and Completion, Inc., a company that owns proprietary drilling technology ("SDCI"), positions he has held since March 2000. From August 1998 to December 1999, Mr. Skerl served as Senior Vice President, Oilfield Operations for Baker Hughes Inc. From December 1990 to August 1998, Mr. Skerl served as Executive Vice President of Western Atlas International, Inc., and as President of Western Atlas Logging Services from August 1992 to August 1998 and as Executive Vice President of Western Atlas, Inc. from August 1996 to August 1998. Prior to that time, Mr. Skerl worked at Western Geophysical, where he served as Senior Vice President of International Operations and as a technical manager of seismic data processing. Mr. Skerl is a director of PrimeGeoscience, Inc. Mr. Skerl received a Bachelor of Science in Applied Geophysics and Geology of Mineral Resources from University of Zagreb, Croatia. Mr. Skerl brings knowledge of the technical aspects of oilfield services and overseas operations, which significantly contributes to our business planning and development.

Joseph P. McCoy joined us in April 2011 and serves as a member of our Board of Directors (replacing Thomas J. Fleure who resigned as a director) and as a member of the Audit Committee (replacing Stanley de J. Osborne who resigned as a member of the Audit Committee).  Mr. McCoy has also been a member of the Board of Directors, since September 2007, and has been served as Chairman of the Audit Committee, since April 2009, of Linn Energy, LLC. Mr. McCoy served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Burlington Resources Inc. from 2005 until 2006 and Vice President and Controller (Chief Accounting Officer) of Burlington Resources Inc. from 2001 until 2005. Prior to joining Burlington Resources, Mr. McCoy spent 27 years with Atlantic Richfield Company (ARCO) and affiliates in a variety of financial positions. Mr. McCoy served as a member of the Board of Directors of Rancher Energy, Inc. and BPI Energy Corp. from 2007 to 2009. Since 2006, other than his service on various Board of Directors as identified above, Mr. McCoy has been retired. Mr. McCoy's significant experience as Chairman of an audit committee, Chief Financial Officer, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer of other publicly traded companies is expected to contribute substantially to our Audit Committee and financial operations.

George E. Matelich joined us in December 2006 and serves as a member of our Board of Directors. Mr. Matelich currently serves as a Managing Director of Kelso & Company, L.P., a private equity firm ("Kelso"). He joined Kelso in January 1985, after serving in the mergers and acquisitions and corporate finance departments at Lehman Brothers Kuhn Loeb from September 1982 to December 1984. From June 1978 to August 1980, Mr. Matelich was a consultant with Ernst & Ernst. Mr. Matelich is a director of CVR Energy, Inc., CVR Partners, L.P., and Hunt Marcellus, LLC. Mr. Matelich is currently a trustee of the University of Puget Sound and serves as a director on the board of the American Prairie Foundation and is a member of the Stanford Graduate School of Business Advisory Council. Mr. Matelich was a director of FairPoint Communications, Inc., Optigas, Inc., Shelter Bay Energy, Inc. and Waste Services, Inc. He received a Bachelor of Arts in Business Administration, summa cum laude, from the University of Puget Sound and a Masters of Business Administration from the Stanford Graduate School of Business. Mr. Matelich's prior experience as a director for several companies, as well as his experience with our largest shareholder, further aligns the interests of the Company with those of our shareholders.

Stanley de Jongh Osborne joined us in March 2007 and serves as a member of our Board of Directors. Mr. Osborne currently serves as a Managing Director of Kelso & Company, L.P., as private equity firm (“Kelso”). Mr. Osborne
 
 
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joined Kelso in July 1998. He was an associate at Summit Partners from May 1996 to June 1998 and an associate in the private equity group and an analyst in the financial institutions group at J.P. Morgan & Co. from September 1993 to May 1996. Mr. Osborne is a director of CVR Energy, Inc., CVR Partners, L.P., Custom Building Products, Inc., Hunt Marcellus, LLC, Logan’s Roadhouse, Inc., and Traxys S.a.r.l. Mr. Osborne previously served as a director of Optigas, Inc. and Shelter Bay Energy, Inc. He received a Bachelor of Arts in Government from Dartmouth College. Mr. Osborne's service as a director of several other companies and organizations brings substantial knowledge to our Board of Directors.

Michael C. Forrest, an oil and gas exploration consultant since September 1997, joined us in June 2005 and serves as a member of our Board of Directors. Since January 2001 he has served as Chairman of the DHI (Direct Hydrocarbon Indicator) Interpretation and Risk Analysis Consortium sponsored by Rose & Associates, LLP, an oil and gas exploration and production risk management consulting firm. He has been a director of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists Foundation since January 2009. From June 1999 to June 2003, Mr. Forrest served as a director of Matador Petroleum, a private oil and gas exploration and production company. From March 1995 to June 1999, Mr. Forrest served as Vice Chairman and Chief Operating Officer and from June 1992 to March 1995 as Senior Vice President Business Development and Technology of Maxus Energy Corporation after Maxus was purchased by YPF of Argentina. Prior to that time, Mr. Forrest held a number of management positions with Shell Oil Company, including Exploration Manager, Alaska Division, General Manager Exploration, Shell Offshore (Gulf of Mexico) and President of Pecten International Company, a Shell U.S.A. subsidiary. Mr. Forrest received a Bachelor of Science in Geophysical Engineering from St. Louis University. Mr. Forrest's significant experience provides a substantial insight to the needs of our national oil company customers and provides valuable direction for business planning and development.

Michael S. Bahorich was appointed as a member of our Board of Directors in April 2011. Mr. Bahorich has been Chief Technology Officer of Apache Corp. since November 2010 and has been its Executive Vice President since February 2009. Mr. Bahorich served as Technology Officer of Apache Corp. from February 2009 to November 2010. He served as Executive Vice President of Exploration and Production Technology of Apache Corp. since May 2000 and Vice President, exploration and production technology since January 1999, Vice President, exploration technology since December 1997 and Chief Geophysicist since 1996. From 1981 to joining Apache Corp., he held positions of increasing responsibility at Amoco Corporation in Denver, Colorado and Tulsa, Oklahoma, most recently as a resource manager for Amoco's mid-continent business unit. He is a past president of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists and serves on advisory boards at Yale and Stanford. Mr. Bahorich is a Graduate of the University of Missouri at Columbia, and received his Master's Degree in Geophysics from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI). Mr. Bahorich’s innovative approach, coupled with broad E&P knowledge, vision and experience, adds valuable insight to our Board of Directors.

John R. Russell joined us in November 2009 and served as a member of our Board of Directors until his retirement in December 31, 2010. Previously, he served as a director of Vantage Energy Services, Inc., an oilfield services company, since its inception through December 2009. Since October 1998, Mr. Russell has managed his personal investments on a full-time basis. Mr. Russell served as President of Baker Hughes, Inc. from August 1998 until his retirement in October 1998, and was a member of the Board of Directors of Baker Hughes, Inc. though December 1999. Previously, he served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Western Atlas from July 1997 until August 1998, when the company was acquired by Baker Hughes, Inc. Mr. Russell also served as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, Oilfield Services, of Western Atlas from June 1994 until the spin-off of Western Atlas from Litton Industries, when he was named President and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Russell served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Western Atlas International, Inc., the Company's principal operating subsidiary, from February 1991 to May 1994. Mr. Russell was Senior Vice President of Litton Industries and Group Executive of Litton's Resource Exploration Services Group from February 1991 to May 1994. Mr. Russell also served as a member of the National Petroleum Council. Mr. Russell received a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Oklahoma.

Alvin L. Thomas II resigned as Senior Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel of the Company in October, 2010. Mr. Thomas left the Company to represent several early stage companies as they pursue the type of growth and success that Mr. Thomas believes the Company has achieved. He joined the Company in October 2008 as our Senior Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel. From October 1998 to October 2008, Mr. Thomas was an Executive Vice President and General Counsel of Synagro Technologies, Inc., a residuals management services
 
 
16

 
company. Prior to that time, Mr. Thomas was an attorney with Fulbright and Jaworski, L.L.P., and, subsequent to that, with Littler Mendelson, P.C. Mr. Thomas received a Bachelor of Science from the University of Pittsburgh, a Juris Doctorate from the University of Pittsburgh School of Law and an L.L.M. in Taxation from New York University Law School.


In accordance with our Bylaws and the laws of Delaware, our state of incorporation, our business and affairs are managed under the direction of our board of directors (“Board”). Our Board generally meets on a quarterly basis to review any significant developments and to act on matters requiring board approval. Between regularly scheduled meetings, our Board may also hold special meetings, execute unanimous written consents, and participate in telephone conference calls.

Our directors believe that Board independence is crucial and is the key for the Board to function properly, allowing it to provide oversight and maintain managerial accountability. It is the policy of our Board that a majority of the members of our Board consist of independent members. Our Board has adopted the Corporate Governance Principles which contain the following guidelines to assist our Board in determining director independence in accordance with the applicable SEC and NYSE rules:

·  
No director who is one of our employees or former employees, or whose immediate family member is one of our executive officers or former executive officers, shall be considered "independent" until three years after such employment has ended;
·  
No director who is receiving, or in the last three years has received, or whose immediate family member is receiving, or in the last three years has received, more than $120,000 in a single year in direct compensation from us, other than fees received in such director's capacity as a member of the board or any board committee and pension payments or other forms of deferred compensation for prior service (provided such compensation is not contingent in any way on continued service) shall be considered "independent." Compensation received by an immediate family member for service as one of our non-executive employees need not be considered in determining independence;
·  
No director who is, or in the past three years has been, affiliated with or employed by, or whose immediate family member is, or in the past three years has been, affiliated with or employed in a professional capacity by, one of our present or former internal auditors or independent auditing firms shall be considered "independent";
·  
No director who is, or in the past three years has been, employed as, or whose immediate family member is, or in the past three years has been, employed as, an executive officer by any company for which any of our executive officers serves as a member of its compensation committee (or, in the absence of a compensation committee, the board committee performing equivalent functions, or, in the absence of such committee, the board) shall be considered "independent"; and
·  
No director who is an executive officer or an employee, or whose immediate family member is an executive officer, of a company that makes payments to, or receives payments from us for property or services in an amount which, in any single fiscal year, exceeds the greater of $1,000,000 or 2% of such other company's consolidated gross revenue shall be considered "independent" until three years after such payments fall below such threshold.

For purposes of determining director independence, an "immediate family member" includes a person's spouse, parents, children, siblings, mothers and fathers-in-law, sons and daughters-in-law, brothers and sisters-in-law, and anyone (other than domestic employees) who shares such person's home. When applying the three-year look-back provisions, an immediate family member does not include individuals who are no longer immediate family members as a result of legal separation or divorce, or those who have died or become incapacitated.

The Board has determined that each current director and each director nominee, as well as our former director John R. Russell (who retired from the Board at the end of December, 2010), is independent, except for Mr. Degner our Chairman of the Board, and Thomas J. Fleure our former director (who resigned from the Board in April 2011). Our Board has affirmatively determined that Messrs. Kurz, Skerl, McCoy, Matelich, Osborne, Forrest, and Bahorich do not have any material relationships with us that may interfere with the exercise of their independence from management and are independent directors under applicable NYSE rules, SEC rules and in accordance with our
 
 
17

 
Corporate Governance Principles. In making this determination, our Board specifically reviewed our relationship with Messrs. Osborne and Matelich, each of whom is a managing director of Kelso & Company, L.P. a private equity firm (“Kelso”), one of our largest shareholders. Under the NYSE rules a director's ownership of a significant amount of equity in a listed company does not prohibit a finding of independence. None of Messrs. Skerl, Kurz, McCoy, Matelich, Osborne, Forrest, and Bahorich has received any type of management, advisory or consulting fees during the period these individuals have served on our board. Our Board believes that Messrs. Osborne's and Matelich's affiliation with a large shareholder enhances their ability to represent the interests of our other shareholders in any situation where the interests of management and the shareholders might differ. Based upon a review of the foregoing matters, our board determined that Messrs. Osborne and Matelich are independent.


Our Board has established the following three standing committees: the Audit Committee, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, and the Compensation Committee, to assist it in the overall management and supervision of the Company’s business operations. In addition to the Corporate Governance Principles, the Board has adopted written Charters for each of the three standing committees, clearly outlining the mission and the responsibilities of the respective committee. Copies of the committees’ charters are available on the Company’s website at www.globalgeophysical.com under Investor Relations - Corporate Governance - Overview.

The following table contains information regarding the composition of our Board Committees as of May 2, 2011:
 
 
 
 
Name
 
 
Audit Committee
Nominating and
Corporate Governance
Committee
 
Compensation
Committee
       
Richard A. Degner*
     
Karl F. Kurz
Chair
Member
Member
Damir S. Skerl
Member
Chair
Member
Joseph P. McCoy
Member
   
George E. Matelich
 
Member
Chair
Stanley de Jongh Osborne
     
Michael C. Forrest
     
Michael S. Bahorich
     
__________________

 
*    Chairman of the Board of Directors


The principal function of our Audit Committee will be to assist our Board in the areas of financial reporting and accounting integrity. Per Audit Committee’s Charter, the purpose of our Audit Committee is to oversee (i) the integrity of the Company's financial statements and disclosures, (ii) the Company's compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, (iii) the qualifications, independence and performance of the Company's independent auditing firm, (iv) the performance of the Company's internal audit function and independent auditing firm, (v) the Company's internal control systems, and (vi) the Company's procedures for monitoring compliance with the Company's Code of Business Conduct and Ethics.

Our Audit Committee will meet periodically with our management, and our independent registered public accounting firm to review our financial information and ensure such parties are properly discharging their responsibilities. The independent registered public accounting firm will report directly to our Audit Committee and will annually meet with our Audit Committee. Our Audit Committee will have the authority to investigate any matters brought to its attention and to retain outside legal, accounting or other consultants if deemed necessary. Members of our Audit Committee may not simultaneously serve on the audit committee of more than two other public companies, except if the Board affirmatively determines that that such simultaneous service on multiple audit
 
 
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committees will not impair the ability of such member to serve on the Audit Committee. The Board has determined that none of our members of the Audit Committee serves simultaneously on the audit committee of more than two other public companies. In addition to the above, our Audit Committee will meet, or otherwise discuss, its:

·  
Review of the Company's financial statements and the disclosures that are to be included in the Company's Form 10-Q and Form 10-K filings with the SEC, including the disclosures under "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations"; and
·  
Preparation of the Committee's report to be included in the Company's proxy statement in connection with the Company's annual meeting of stockholders.

The Board has determined that each member of the Audit Committee is financially literate, has accounting or related financial management expertise within the meaning of the listing standards of the NYSE, and is independent as defined under the NYSE listing standards. In addition, the Board has determined that at least one member of the Audit Committee qualifies as an Audit Committee Financial Expert, as such term is defined by the SEC. Mr. McCoy has been designated to serve as the Audit Committee Financial Expert. The Board also believes that the collective experiences of the other members of the Audit Committee make them well qualified to serve on the Company’s Audit Committee. Shareholders should understand that Mr. McCoy’s designation as an Audit Committee Financial Expert is a SEC disclosure requirement, and it does not impose on Mr. McCoy any duties, obligations or liabilities that are greater than those which are generally imposed on him as a member of the Audit Committee and the Board, and his designation as an Audit Committee Financial Expert pursuant to this requirement does not affect the duties, obligations or liabilities of any other member of the Audit Committee or the Board.


The purpose of our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is to:

·  
Identify and recommend to our Board individuals qualified to be nominated for election to our Board;
·  
Recommend to our Board the members and chairperson for each board committee;
·  
Periodically review and assess our Corporate Governance Principles and our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and make recommendations for changes thereto to our Board;
·  
Oversee the annual self-evaluation of the performance of our Board and the annual evaluation of our management; and
·  
Recommend to our Board a successor to our Chief Executive Officer when a vacancy occurs.
 
Our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee established certain criteria it considers as guidelines in considering nominations to our Board. The criteria will include:

·  
Personal characteristics, including such matters as integrity, age, education, diversity of background and experience, absence of potential conflicts of interest with us or our operations, and the availability and willingness to devote sufficient time to the duties of being a director;
·  
Experience in corporate management, such as serving as an officer or former officer of a publicly held company;
·  
Experience in our industry and with relevant social policy concerns;
·  
Experience as a board member of another publicly held company;
·  
Academic expertise in an area of our operations; and
·  
Practical and mature business judgment.

The criteria are not exhaustive and our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and our Board may consider other qualifications and attributes which they believe are appropriate in evaluating the ability of an individual to serve as a member of our Board. Our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee's goal will be to assemble a board of directors that brings a variety of perspectives and skills derived from high quality business and professional experience. In order to ensure that the Board consists of members with a variety of perspectives and skills, our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will not set any minimum qualifications and also considers candidates with appropriate non-business backgrounds. Other than ensuring that at least one member of our Board and Audit Committee is a financial expert, and a majority of our Board meets all applicable independence
 
 
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requirements, our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will not have any specific skills that it believes are necessary for any individual director to possess. Instead, our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will evaluate potential nominees based on the contribution such nominee's background and skills could have upon the overall functioning of our Board.

Our Board believes that, based on our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee's knowledge of our Corporate Governance Principles and the needs and qualifications of our Board at any given time, our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will be best equipped to select nominees that will result in a well-qualified and well-rounded board of directors. In making its nominations, our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee identifies nominees by first evaluating the current members of our Board willing to continue their service. Current members with qualifications and skills, consistent with our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee's criteria for Board service, will be re-nominated. As to new candidates, our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will generally poll our Board members and members of management for recommendations. Our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee may also review the composition and qualification of the Board of our competitors, and may seek input from industry experts or analysts. Our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will review the qualifications, experience and background of the candidates. Final candidates will be interviewed by the independent directors and executive management. In making its determinations, our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will evaluate each individual in the context of our board as a whole, with the objective of assembling a group that can best represent shareholder interests through the exercise of sound judgment. After review and deliberation of all feedback and data, our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will make its recommendation to our Board. Our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee may in the future choose to engage third-party search firms in situations where particular qualifications are required or where existing contacts are not sufficient to identify an appropriate candidate.


The purpose of our Compensation Committee is to develop and administer an overall compensation program designed to achieve our operating objectives and performance goals while properly blending it with the short- and long-term interests of our shareholders. Our Compensation Committee will annually review market and industry data to assess our competitive position with respect to each element of total compensation and to ensure the attraction, retention and appropriate reward to our Chief Executive Officer and other executive officers. In addition to the determination of annual base salaries, our Compensation Committee will be responsible for determining and recommending variable annual bonuses in the form of cash and/or equity awards. Currently, the variable portion of management's annual compensation package is based on certain discretionary related criteria for which our Compensation Committee is responsible for establishing and approving. In addition to the above, our Compensation Committee will have the following duties and responsibilities:

·  
Review, recommend, and discuss with management the compensation discussion and analysis section included in our annual Proxy Statement or Annual Report on Form 10-K; and
·  
Prepare an annual report on executive compensation for inclusion in our annual Proxy Statement or Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

None of our executive officers serves as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee of any entity that has one or more of its executive officers serving as a member of our board of directors or compensation committee.


Board Leadership Structure

Mr. Degner serves as our Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”). The Board believes that independent oversight of management is an important component of an effective board of directors. However, the Board members have determined that the most effective Board leadership structure for Global at the present time is for the CEO to also serve as Chairman of the Board, a structure that has served Global well for many
 
 
20

 
years. The independent Board members believe that because the CEO is ultimately responsible for the day-to-day operation of the Company and for executing the Company’s strategy, and because the performance of the Company is an integral part of Board deliberations, the CEO is the director best qualified to act as Chairman of the Board. The Board retains the authority to modify this structure to best address the Company’s unique circumstances, and to advance the best interests of all shareholders, as and when appropriate.

The Board also believes that its existing corporate governance practices achieve independent oversight and management accountability, which is the goal that many companies seek to achieve by separating the roles of Chairman and CEO. Global’s corporate governance practices provide for strong independent leadership, active participation by independent directors and for independent evaluation of, and communication with, many members of our senior management. These governance practices are reflected in Global’s Corporate Governance Principles and the various Committee Charters, which are available on our website.


On a day to day basis, it is management’s responsibility to manage risk and bring to the attention of the Board the significant risks facing the Company and the controls in place to manage those risks. Generally, the Board oversees risks related to the Company’s strategic and operational objectives and is responsible for overseeing the amounts and types of risks taken by management in executing those objectives.

We have processes and structures in place to manage our key strategic, operational, financial, and compliance risks. While our entire Board is responsible for monitoring and evaluating the risks we face and our risk management processes, our Board has delegated to the Audit Committee the responsibility for oversight of certain of the Company’s risk oversight and compliance matters, including oversight of (i) material legal proceedings and material contingent liabilities, (ii) the Company’s policies regarding risk assessment and management, (iii) the Company’s compliance programs with respect to legal and regulatory requirements and the Company’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, (iv) related party transactions and conflicts of interest, and (v) the establishment of procedures for the receipt and handling of complaints regarding accounting, internal accounting controls and auditing matters.
 

During 2010, our Board held nine Board and Board Committee meetings. Our directors had an overall attendance rate of 100%; where all of our incumbent directors attended 100% of the meetings of the Board and the Committees of the Board on which such directors served. In addition, as allowed by our Bylaws, the Board makes decisions by way of written consent. From time to time between meetings, Board and committee members may confer with each other and with management and independent consultants, and representatives of management may meet with the independent consultants on behalf of the relevant committee.


Our Board and each of our committees regularly meet in executive sessions outside the presence of management, except Mr. Degner, our Chairman of the Board, who presides over the executive sessions of our Board. Each committee chair presides over the executive sessions of their respective committee. Mr. Degner does not serve on any committee of our Board.


While we do not have a formal policy requiring them to do so, our directors are welcome and we encourage them to attend our Annual Meeting. The Company will make all appropriate arrangements for all those directors who choose to attend.


You can contact the Board to provide comments, to ask a question, or to submit your concerns (if you so prefer, anonymously or confidentially) by mail, at the following address:

 
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Corporate Secretary
Global Geophysical Services, Inc.
13927 S. Gessner Road
Missouri City, TX 77489

Communications are distributed to the Board, or to any individual directors as appropriate, depending on the facts and circumstances outlined in the communication. In that regard, the Board has requested that certain items which are unrelated to the duties and responsibilities of the Board should be excluded, such as: product complaints, product inquiries, new product suggestions, resumes and other forms of job inquiries, surveys, or business solicitations or advertisements.

In addition, material that is unduly hostile, threatening, illegal or similarly unsuitable will be excluded, with the provision that any communication that is filtered out must be made available to any non-management director upon request.

You may also communicate online with our Board by completing the form provided on our website at www.globalgeophysical.com and selecting Investor Relations - Corporate Governance - Contact the Board.


Our Board has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (“Code of Ethics”) that applies not only to our employees, but also to the directors and the executive officers, including our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Principal Accounting Officer, Controller, and any other senior financial officers performing similar functions, as defined in the Code of Ethics. We have a toll-free reporting service available that permits employees to confidentially report violations of our Code of Ethics or other issues of significant concern. As of the date of this Proxy Statement, all executive officers and directors have signed and acknowledged our Code of Ethics.

If we amend or grant a waiver of one or more of the provisions of our Code of Ethics, we will disclose the amendment or waiver by posting the required information on our website. You may view a copy of our Code of Ethics by visiting our website at www.globalgeophysical.com and selecting Investor Relations - Corporate Governance -  Overview - Code of Business Conduct and Ethics.


The descriptions set forth below are qualified in their entirety by reference to the applicable agreements.


Two of our directors, Messrs. Matelich and Osborne, are affiliated with Kelso and Company, L.P.


With the occasion of Alvin L. Thomas’ resignation, effective as of October 15, 2010, the Company repurchased from Mr. Thomas, pursuant to a Confidential Settlement Agreement and Release, as amended and corrected on October 29, 2010 (“Settlement Agreement”), all of his 10,900 vested shares of restricted common stock at a price of $6.1595 per share, for a total agreed sale price of $67,138.56. In addition, Mr. Thomas surrendered all 22,375 unvested restricted shares to the Company, and all 70,000 outstanding stock options previously granted to Mr. Thomas by the Company were terminated.


On November 30, 2006, we entered into a stockholders agreement with affiliates of Kelso & Company, L.P. and stockholders other than the Kelso affiliates. Pursuant to this agreement, (a) Kelso affiliates have the right to make an unlimited number of requests that we register their shares of our common stock under the Securities Act of 1933, (b) following the first anniversary of an initial public offering, the Kelso
 
 
22

 
affiliates have the right to make a request for such registration on a delayed or continuous basis under Rule 415, and (c) the stockholders other than the Kelso affiliates have the right to make an unlimited number of requests that we register their shares of our common stock provided that at least $25.0 million in shares is registered at any one time. In any demand registration, all of the parties to the registration rights agreement have the right to participate on a pro rata basis, subject to certain conditions. In addition, if we propose to register any of our shares (other than registrations related to exchange offers, benefit plans and certain other exceptions), all of the holders of registration rights under the stockholders agreement have the right to include their shares in the registration statement, subject to certain conditions. In connection with the completion of the offering in April 2010, the parties have amended this agreement such that the parties to the agreement do not have registration rights with respect to the offering.


On December 1, 2006, we entered into an agreement with Kelso & Company, L.P., pursuant to which Kelso may provide consulting and advisory services to the Company. Pursuant to this agreement, we have agreed to reimburse Kelso and certain of its affiliates for their expenses incurred in connection with their investment in us and in connection with any services to be provided by them to us on a going-forward basis. We have also agreed to indemnify and hold harmless Kelso and certain of its affiliates with respect to their investment in us and any services to be provided by them to us on a going-forward basis.


Our conflict of interest policy will prohibit employees and officers from engaging in any activity which might create or appear to create a conflict of interest or interfere with our business, except as approved by our Audit Committee. Furthermore, we will require that all conflicts of interest be fully disclosed by each employee. This policy is disclosed in our Code of Ethics. We also have a written prohibition of personal loans to executive officers or directors in our Corporate Governance policies, under which we are prohibited from making or renewing any personal loan to our executive officers or directors. In addition, pursuant to our Code of Ethics, our executive officers and directors are required to be free from actual or apparent conflicts of interest that would interfere with their loyalty to us or to our shareholders. Similarly, our Code of Ethics prohibits our executive officers and directors from appropriating business opportunities that are presented to the Company, from competing with the Company, and from using their positions with the Company or Company information for personal gain.
 
 

The following Compensation Discussion and Analysis provides information regarding the objectives and elements of our compensation philosophy, policies and practices with respect to the compensation of our executive officers who appear in the "Summary Compensation Table" below (referred to collectively throughout this section as our "Named Executive Officers").  The Compensation Committee has responsibility for establishing, implementing and monitoring adherence to our compensation objectives.

Our Named Executive Officers for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010 were:

 
Name
 
Position(s)
   
Richard A. Degner
President and Chief Executive Officer
P. Mathew Verghese
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
William A. Clark
Senior Vice President and Chief Sales Officer
Christopher T. Usher
Senior Vice President, Data Processing, Analysis and Interpretation and Chief Technology Officer
Christopher P. Graham
Senior Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel
Alvin L. Thomas, II
Senior Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel (resigned on October 15, 2010)

 
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Our executive compensation philosophy is based on pay-equity and at-risk compensation. We believe that a properly designed compensation program can substantially reinforce high performance. For this reason, our total compensation program is designed so that a significant amount of executive compensation is equity-based and therefore at risk. Our executive compensation program is designed to achieve the following objectives:

Attract and retain talented and experienced executives to lead our company.   In recent years, there has been strong demand for talented executives within the seismic services industry. Our overall compensation levels are targeted to attract the type of talent needed to achieve and maintain a leadership position in this highly competitive industry. We look to strengthen our compensation procedures in fiscal year 2011 through the use of an independent compensation consultant and market benchmarking.
Align the interests of our executives with those of our shareholders.   We believe that the best way to inspire cost-consciousness, leadership and performance is by distributing ownership in the form of equity-based compensation throughout our ranks. To align the interests of our executives with those of our shareholders, we provide a significant portion of compensation in the form of stock-based awards under our 2006 Incentive Compensation Plan, as revised and amended on February 5, 2010 (“2006 Incentive Compensation Plan”).
Foster a team approach to achievement of our business objectives.   We believe an environment that promotes collaboration will best ensure the achievement of our long-term success. Accordingly, we have an internal pay-equity practice that recognizes the importance of all employees and encourages collaboration in the achievement of our business objectives.
 

Our Compensation Committee is responsible for establishing, implementing and monitoring our compensation programs, including those applicable to our Named Executive Officers. In particular, the compensation committee's role is to oversee, on behalf of our Board, our compensation and benefit plans and policies, administer our incentive compensation plan (including reviewing and approving equity grants to directors and executive officers) and review and approve annually all compensation decisions relating to our Named Executive Officers and other executive officers. The Compensation Committee meets at least annually to review executive compensation programs, approve compensation levels, review management performance and approve final executive bonus payments.

In past years the compensation committee, through its collective experience in the seismic industry, has set executive compensation levels by relying on its general understanding of the compensation practices of other similar companies and considering general marketplace information. Additionally, the Compensation Committee had previously not identified any particular peer group with which we compare ourselves when making compensation determinations.

In 2010, the Compensation Committee retained the services of Pearl Meyer & Partners (“PM&P”) to serve as the Company's independent compensation consultant.  The Compensation Committee requested a formal executive compensation review, to benchmark executive officer compensation against a peer group and to provide guidance to the Compensation Committee on its compensation practices, particularly cash bonus and equity compensation for the executive officer group.  PM&P issued a written report to the Compensation Committee in the form of an “Executive Compensation Review and Direct Peer Company Supplement” on April 15, 2011.  The Compensation Committee is currently analyzing this material to determine if certain changes to our compensation structure are warranted to further align the interests of our Named Executive Officers with those of our shareholders.


Our President and Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") is a current member of our Board and is a former member of our compensation committee. Our CEO has participated in deliberations with our Board and has participated in Compensation Committee meetings and decisions concerning senior executive officer compensation (other than his own). Our CEO no longer serves as a member of the compensation committee; however, the Compensation Committee continues to solicit recommendations from our CEO with respect to compensation decisions affecting other members of our senior executive management team. No other executive officer assumes an active role in the evaluation, design or administration of our executive officer compensation program. Our CEO participates in all
 
 
24

 
Compensation Committee meetings relating to executive compensation, other than those meetings, or portions thereof, that relate to his own compensation.



The compensation package offered to our executive officers, including our Named Executive Officers, consists of:
 
Base salary.   Base salaries for our executive officers are designed to compensate the executive for the experience, education, personal qualities, and other qualifications of that individual that are essential for the specific role the executive serves within our company, while remaining competitive with the market. The market in which we compete for talent consists of both the oilfield services industry and other service-based industries. We have historically set pay at levels that reflect the qualifications of the individuals and what we believe to be their competing opportunities in the market. Base salaries are generally reviewed on an annual basis, considering various factors, such as (i) the executive's individual performance, (ii) the performance of the executive's division, (iii) our company-wide performance, (iv) the executive's experience and expertise, (v) the executive's position and job responsibility, (vi) the executive's years of service with us, and (vii) the average base pay level for similar positions within our company. The weight given to each of these factors varies and the Compensation Committee exercises subjective judgment when making salary recommendations with respect to our executive officers;
Cash bonus compensation.   We believe that, in addition to subjective individual performance and achievement, executives' cash bonuses should reflect the success of the company in achieving short-term corporate goals as well as the ongoing enhancement of shareholder value. Accordingly, the Compensation Committee considers the company's overall performance each year when making discretionary decisions related to annual cash bonuses and other compensation matters. However, the Compensation Committee does not set specific formulaic goals prior to the commencement of the year or assign a relative weight to any particular goal in evaluating performance. Likewise, it does not assign target awards or maximum award levels;
Equity compensation.   A key objective of our compensation program is to encourage loyalty and reward long-term strategic accomplishments and enhancement of longer-term shareholder value through equity-based incentives which include stock option grants and restricted stock awards. We believe that long-term incentive compensation plays an essential role in attracting and retaining executive officers and aligns their interests with those of shareholders with the goal of maximizing shareholder value. We also believe that equity awards reinforce the high-energy entrepreneurial spirit that we believe is key to high performance in our industry. All equity compensation awards are granted pursuant to our 2006 Incentive Compensation Plan. Stock option grants typically vest over four years and restricted stock awards typically vest over eight calendar quarters beginning on the last day of the first full calendar quarter following the first anniversary of the grant date;
Broad-based employee benefits and other perquisites.   Our executive officers, including our Named Executive Officers, are eligible to participate in our 401(k) retirement plan, medical and dental insurance, accidental death insurance, disability insurance, vacation, and other similar benefits on the same basis as other full-time employees. We also pay certain life insurance premiums on behalf of our Named Executive Officers; and
Commissions.   In 2009 we began paying sales commissions based upon the successful marketing of our multi-client program. Commissions are available to executive officers and employees in the sales and marketing group and are paid on a square mile basis. The purpose of these commissions is to immediately and directly reward our sales staff upon the signing of multi-client projects. Mr. Clark is the only named executive officer who earned such commissions.

 
We provide our executive officers and other employees with base salary to compensate them for services rendered during the year. Salary levels are generally reviewed annually or upon a promotion or material change in job responsibility. In accordance with its annual review, our Compensation Committee reviewed the base salaries of all of our Named Executive Officers during 2010.

 
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Cash Bonus Compensation

Cash bonuses are paid at the sole discretion of the compensation committee, taking into account recommendations from our CEO for our executives other than himself. Each year, the Compensation Committee establishes a bonus pool from which employee bonuses are paid. The amount of the pool is determined by the Compensation Committee at the end of the year based on our overall corporate performance.

The Compensation Committee does not use a formula to determine the size of the bonus pool, nor does it establish performance metrics in advance. All employees who commence employment with us prior to November 30th of the applicable bonus year and continue to be employed with us as of December 31st of that year are eligible to receive bonuses with respect to that year, or otherwise at the discretion of the Board. The amount that each employee receives is equal to a percentage of his or her total compensation and is based on factors such as his or her role within the company, tenure, and individual performance as assessed by our senior managers and head of human resources and communicated to our CEO. No particular factor is assigned any particular weight and all individual bonus determinations are made in the sole discretion of the compensation committee, taking into account our CEO's recommendations (except in the case of our CEO whose bonus determination is made solely by the compensation committee). These cash bonuses to our Named Executive Officers reflect our belief that retaining proven talent is paramount to our future success.

In establishing the size of the 2010 bonus pool, the Compensation Committee considered our overall performance and our CEO's recommendations regarding executive performance. When making recommendations regarding bonuses paid to our Named Executive Officers, our CEO considered the seniority of each member of management and each executive officer's contribution to our growth and profitability. In 2010, Mr. Degner received cash bonus compensation of $96,000, Mr. Verghese received cash bonus compensation of $96,000, Mr. Clark received cash bonus compensation of $212,773, which includes an annual bonus amount of $43,200 and a commission payment of $169,573, Mr. Usher received cash bonus compensation of $81,008, and Mr. Graham received cash bonus compensation of $60,000, which included an annual bonus amount of $30,000 and a signing bonus of $30,000.

Commissions

We began paying sales commissions in fiscal year 2009 based upon the successful marketing of our multi-client program.  Our multi-client program is a material component of our business strategy and we believe the payment of commissions to our employees in the sales and marketing group contributes to the success of the program. Commissions are available to employees in the sales and marketing group and are paid on a square mile basis. Mr. Clark, as the Senior Vice President of Multi-Client Services, is the only named executive officer who may earn such commissions. During 2010, Mr. Clark earned a commission payment of $169,573.

Equity Compensation

We believe that widely distributing ownership of the company to our employees through the grant of equity awards is critical to establishing and building a high performance, value conscious culture. The historical practice of the Board has been to grant equity-based awards to attract, retain, motivate and reward employees, particularly executive officers and managers, and to create a culture of ownership in our company. Such grants have primarily consisted of restricted stock and stock options. We do not grant equity awards on an annual basis. We have historically granted stock options with an exercise price in excess of the grant date fair value in order to create an incentive for the employees to create value. Generally, the Board has granted awards of restricted stock or stock options to employees when they join the company.

To date we have not implemented any specific equity granting policies or stock ownership requirements for our executives. We are presently reviewing best practices and reevaluating our position with respect to equity granting policies and stock ownership requirements. Several of our Named Executive Officers have established trading plans pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act to manage their sales of our securities.

Broad-Based Employee Benefits and Other Perquisites

We believe that establishing competitive benefit packages for our employees is an important factor in attracting and

 
26

 
retaining highly qualified personnel. Executive officers, including our Named Executive Officers, are eligible to participate in all of our employee benefit plans, including company-paid medical, dental, vision, group life and accidental death and dismemberment insurance and our 401(k) retirement plan, on the same basis as other employees. We also pay certain life insurance premiums on behalf of our employees, including Named Executive Officers. Under our 401(k) retirement plan, we currently provide a matching contribution of 100% on the first 3% of employee contributions and 50% on the next 2% of employee contributions. At the discretion of our Board, we may also elect to make a profit sharing contribution to the 401(k) retirement plan. We did not make a profit sharing contribution in 2010. 
 
Pension Benefits

None of our Named Executive Officers are covered by a pension plan or other similar benefit plan that provides for payments or other benefits at, following, or in connection with retirement.

Nonqualified Deferred Compensation

None of our Named Executive Officers are covered by a defined contribution or other plan that provides for the deferral of compensation on a basis that is not tax-qualified.

Compensation Mix

Our current compensation package is designed to provide a balance between achieving our business objectives and providing competitive compensation to our executives. The cash components—base salary and annual cash bonus compensation—provide a strong link between our operations management and financial performance and the compensation that is earned by the executives. The equity compensation component is designed to encourage high performance by closely aligning an executive's pay with the interests of our shareholders. To date we have not established any formula for determining the portion of an executive's compensation that will be paid in equity versus cash or the amount that should be guaranteed versus at-risk. However, our historical practice has been to provide the senior members of our management team with a significant percentage of their total compensation in the form of equity-based compensation—generally stock options or restricted stock.
 
Tax and Accounting Implications

Deductibility of Executive Compensation/Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m)

Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code, or the Code (as interpreted by IRS Notice 2007-49) denies a federal income tax deduction for certain compensation in excess of $1.0 million per year paid to the chief executive officer, chief financial officer and the three other most highly-paid executive officers (other than the chief executive officer and chief financial officer) of a publicly-traded corporation. Certain types of compensation, including compensation based on performance criteria that are approved in advance by shareholders, are excluded from the deduction limit. In addition, "grandfather" provisions may apply to certain compensation arrangements that were entered into by a corporation before it was publicly held. In view of these grandfather provisions, we believe that Section 162(m) of the Code will not limit our tax deductions for executive compensation for fiscal year 2010 or 2011. The Board's policy is to qualify compensation paid to our executive officers for deductibility for federal income tax purposes to the extent feasible. However, to retain highly skilled executives and remain competitive with other employers, the Board has the right to authorize compensation that would not otherwise be deductible under Section 162(m) or otherwise.

Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation

We account for stock-based payments under our stock incentive plan in accordance with the requirements of FASB ASC 718.

 
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Compensation Committee Report

We have reviewed and discussed the foregoing Compensation Discussion and Analysis with management.  Based on our review and discussions with management, we recommend to the Board of Directors that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this Proxy Statement and incorporated by reference into our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.

This report is hereby submitted by the members of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors:

George E. Matelich (Chairman)
Damir S. Skerl
Karl F. Kurz (1)
 ________________________________
 
(1)
Mr. Kurz was appointed to the Board on December 31, 2010 to replace Mr. Russell who retired from the Board of Directors on the same date.

Executive Compensation

The following narrative, tables and footnotes describe the "total direct compensation" earned during fiscal years 2010, 2009 and 2008 by our Named Executive Officers.  The total direct compensation presented below in the "Summary Compensation Table" does not reflect the actual compensation received by our Named Executive Officers in each such fiscal year. The actual value realized by our Named Executive Officers in fiscal year 2010 from long-term incentives is presented in the Option Exercises and Stock Vested table.

Summary Compensation Table

The following table sets forth information concerning the compensation paid to our Named Executive Officers for services to the Company during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010, 2009, 2008:

  
               
Stock
   
Option
   
All Other
       
Name and Principal
   
Salary
   
Bonus
   
Awards
   
Awards
   
Compensation
   
Total
 
Position
Year
 
($)
   
($)(1)
   
($)(2)(3)
   
($)(3)(4)
   
($)(5)
   
($)
 
Richard A. Degner
2010
    240,000       96,000       -       -       13,690       349,690  
President and Chief
2009
    240,000       79,200       -       10,678       13,878       343,756  
Executive Officer
2008
    230,000       36,000       -       -       9,631       275,631  
P. Mathew Verghese
2010
    240,000       96,000       210,000       -       355       546,355  
Senior Vice President
2009
    184,000       64,228       114,900       60,339       1,072       424,539  
and Chief Financial Officer
2008
    -       -       -       -       -       -  
William A. Clark
2010
    217,000       212,773       140,000       -       690       570,463  
Senior Vice President
2009
    175,500       158,947       38,300       -       690       373,437  
and Chief Sales Officer
2008
    138,500       26,520       70,500       64,373       661       300,554  
Christopher T. Usher (6)
2010
    210,000       81,008       420,000       -       338       711,346  
Senior Vice President, Data Processing, Analysis
2009
    -       -               400,076       -       400,076  
and Interpretation and Chief Technology Officer
2008
    -       -       -       -       -       -  
Christopher P. Graham (7)
2010
    44,545       60,000       277,550       -       11       382,106  
Senior Vice President,
2009
    -       -       -       -       -       -  
Secretary and General Counsel
2008
    -       -       -       -       -       -  
Alvin L. Thomas, II (8)
2010
    212,557       -       70,000       -       455,463       738,020  
Senior Vice President, Secretary and
2009
    240,000       75,000       57,450       10,678       321       383,449  
General Counsel (resigned October 15, 2010)
2008
    47,273       85,000       79,200       57,125       168       268,766  
 ________________________________
 
(1)
The amounts in this column represent discretionary bonuses paid to each of our Named Executive Officers with respect to the applicable year except in 2008, Mr. Thomas was paid a signing bonus of $40,000, and in 2010, Mr. Graham was paid a signing bonus of $30,000.  Amounts shown for 2010 and 2009 for Mr. Clark include commissions of $169,573 and $118,627, respectively, and bonuses of $43,200 and $40,320, respectively.
 
(2)
The amounts in this column represent the grant date fair value of the full equity awards with respect to stock awards for the fiscal year computed in accordance with FASB ASC 718.  See Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K filed on March 18, 2011, and is incorporated herein by reference.
 
(3)
Under generally accepted accounting principles, compensation expense with respect to stock awards and option awards granted to the
 
 
28

 
 
Company’s employees and directors is generally recognized over the vesting periods applicable to the awards. The SEC rules previously required that stock award and option award information for 2009 and 2008 be presented based on the amount recognized during the corresponding year for financial statement reporting purposes with respect to these awards (which meant, in effect, that in any given year the Company could recognize for financial statement reporting purposes amounts with respect to grants made in that year as well as with respect to grants from past years that vested in or were still vesting during that year). However, the recent changes in the SEC rules require that the stock award and option award amounts in the applicable columns of the table above with respect to 2009 and 2008 be presented on a similar basis as the 2010 presentation using the grant date fair value of the awards granted during the corresponding year (regardless of the period over which the awards are scheduled to vest). Because this requirement differs from the past rules, the amounts reported in the table above for stock awards and option awards in 2009 and 2008 differ from the amounts previously reported in our S-1/A filed on April 21, 2010 for these years reported. As a result, the named executive officer’s total compensation amounts for 2009 and 2008 also differ from the amounts previously reported in our S-1/A filed on April 21, 2010 for these years.
 
(4)
The amounts in this column represent the grant date fair value of the full equity awards with respect to option awards for the fiscal year computed in accordance with FASB ASC 718.  See Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K filed on March 18, 2011, and is incorporated herein by reference.
 
(5)
The amounts in this column represent the company matching contributions made to each of the Named Executive Officers under our 401(k) retirement plan and amounts we paid for life insurance premiums for the Named Executive Officers.  Life insurance premiums paid for Messrs. Degner, Verghese, Clark, Usher, Graham, and Thomas in 2010 was $450, $355, $690, $338, $11, and $263, respectively.
 
(6)
The Nonstatutory Stock Options were granted to Mr. Usher on November 20, 2009, prior to the commencement of his employment with the Company.
 
(7)
Mr. Graham's fiscal 2010 compensation represents amounts earned commencing in October of 2010, his month of hire, through December 2010.  These amounts do not represent a full year's compensation.
 
(8)
Mr. Thomas served as our Senior Vice President and General Counsel until October 15, 2010.  His 2010 base salary on an annualized basis was $240,000.  As a result of his departure from the Company, Mr. Thomas forfeited all of his stock awards and stock options. The payment of other compensation made to Mr. Thomas consists of $455,200 paid pursuant to that certain Confidential Settlement Agreement and Release.

Grants of Plan Based Awards for Fiscal Year 2010

The following table reports all grants of plan-based awards made during fiscal year 2010 to our Named Executive Officers:
     
All Other
   
   
All Other
Stock Awards:
   
   
Stock Awards:
Number of
Exercise of
Grant Date
   
Number of
Securities
Base Price
Fair Value
   
Shares of Stock
Underlying
of Option
of Stock and
   
or Units
Options
Awards
Option Awards
Name
Grant Date
(#)(1)
(#)(2)
($)/Sh
($)(3)
           
Richard A. Degner
         
P. Mathew Verghese
1/19/2010
15,000
   
210,000
William A. Clark
1/19/2010
10,000
   
140,000
Christopher T. Usher (4)
1/20/2010
30,000
   
420,000
 
11/20/2009
 
15,000
15.00
110,016
 
11/20/2009
 
10,000
20.00
65,235
 
11/20/2009
 
20,000
25.00
117,647
 
11/20/2009
 
20,000
30.00
107,178
Christopher P. Graham
10/15/2010
35,000
   
277,550
Alvin L. Thomas, II (5)
1/19/2010
5,000
   
70,000
 ________________________________
 
(1)
The stock awards granted to each of our Named Executive Officers vest with respect to 12.5% of the number of shares granted to the Named Executive Officer on the last day of the first full calendar quarter following the first anniversary of the grant date and on the last day of each of the next seven calendar quarters thereafter.
 
(2)
The stock options granted to each of our Named Executive Officers vest with respect to 25.0% of the underlying shares on the last day of the calendar quarter that contains the first anniversary of the grant date and on each of the next three anniversaries of the last day of that calendar quarter.
 
(3)
The amounts reported in this column represent the grant date fair value of the full equity awards reported in the previous columns pursuant to FASB ASC 718.
 
 
29

 
(4)
The Nonstatutory Stock Options were granted to Mr. Usher on November 20, 2009, prior to the commencement of his employment with the Company.
 
(5)
The stock awards granted to Mr. Thomas were forfeited upon his resignation effective October 15, 2010.

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End 2010

The following table provides information regarding the value of all unexercised options and unvested restricted stock previously awarded to our Named Executive Officers:
 
   
Option Awards
 
Stock Awards
 
                             
Market
 
   
Number of
   
Number of
                 
Value of
 
   
Securities
   
Securities
           
Number of
   
Shares or
 
   
Underlying
   
Underlying
           
Shares or
   
Units of
 
   
Unexercised
   
Unexercised
   
Option
     
Units that
   
Stock that
 
   
Options
   
Options
   
Exercise
 
Option
 
have not
   
have not
 
   
Exercisable
   
Unexercisable
   
Price
 
Expiration
 
Vested
   
Vested
 
Name
 
(#)
   
(#)
   
($)
 
Date
 
(#)
   
($)(1)
 
                                 
Richard A. Degner
    7,500       2,500       15.00  
6/3/2017
    -       -  
      7,500       2,500       20.00  
6/3/2017
               
      15,000       5,000       25.00  
6/3/2017
               
      15,000       5,000       30.00  
6/3/2017
               
      2,500       7,500       15.00  
6/29/2019
               
Total
    47,500       22,500                 -       -  
P. Mathew Verghese
    3,750       11,250       15.00  
3/30/2019
    26,625       276,368  
      3,750       11,250       20.00  
3/30/2019
               
      5,000       15,000       25.00  
3/30/2019
               
      5,000       15,000       30.00  
3/30/2019
               
      2,500       7,500       15.00  
6/29/2019
               
Total
    20,000       60,000                 26,625       276,368  
William A. Clark
    3,750       1,250       15.00  
12/30/2017
    21,250       220,575  
      3,750       1,250       20.00  
12/30/2017
               
      3,750       1,250       25.00  
12/30/2017
               
      3,750       1,250       30.00  
12/30/2017
               
      2,500       2,500       15.00  
9/29/2018
               
      2,500       2,500       20.00  
9/29/2018
               
      7,500       7,500       25.00  
9/29/2018
               
      7,500       7,500       30.00  
9/29/2018
               
Total
    35,000       25,000                 21,250       220,575  
Christopher T. Usher (2)
    -       15,000       15.00  
11/19/2019
    30,000       311,400  
      -       10,000       20.00  
11/19/2019
               
      -       20,000       25.00  
11/19/2019
               
      -       20,000       30.00  
11/19/2019
               
Total
    -       65,000                 30,000       311,400  
Christopher P. Graham
    -       -       -  
-
    35,000       363,300  
      -       -       -  
-
               
      -       -       -  
-
               
      -       -       -  
-
               
Total
    -       -                 35,000       363,300  
Alvin L. Thomas, II
    -       -                 -       -  
   ________________________________

(1)
The values set forth in this column are based on the fair market value of our shares on December 31, 2010.
 
(2)
The Nonstatutory Stock Options were granted to Mr. Usher on November 20, 2009, prior to the commencement of his employment with the Company.

Option Exercises and Stock Vested in Fiscal Year 2010

The following table provides information as of December 31, 2010, regarding options exercised and vested stock awards held by each of the Named Executive Officers:

 
30

 

   
Option Awards
   
Stock Awards
 
   
Number of
         
Number of
       
   
Shares
   
Value
   
Shares
   
Value
 
   
Acquired on
   
Realized on
   
Acquired on
   
Realized on
 
   
Exercise
   
Exercise
   
Vesting
   
Vesting
 
Name
   (#)    
($)
     (#)      (#)(1)  
                               
Richard A. Degner
    -       -       -       -  
P. Mathew Verghese
    -       -       18,375       187,331  
William A. Clark
    -       -       10,000       94,538  
Christopher T. Usher
    -       -       -       -  
Christopher P. Graham
    -       -       -       -  
Alvin L. Thomas, II (2)
    -       -       12,625       128,157  
  ________________________________
 
(1)
The values set forth in this column are based on the fair market value of our shares on the vesting date.
 
(2)
The Company made a payment to Mr. Thomas pursuant to that certain Confidential Settlement Agreement and Release in tender for all vested stock.

Employment Agreements and Change of Control Arrangements

In the past, we have entered into employment agreements with certain of our Named Executive Officers, including Mr. Degner. In May 2008, Mr. Degner agreed to the cancellation and termination of his employment agreement. Our Compensation Committee believed, and Mr. Degner agreed, that cancellation of the agreement was in the best interests of the growth potential of our company. We have entered into employment agreements with Mr. Verghese, Mr. Usher, Mr. Graham and Mr. Thomas. Mr. Thomas' employment agreement was terminated upon his resignation from the Company. All other Named Executive Officers are employed at will and are not parties to employment agreements.

P. Mathew Verghese Employment Agreement

We entered into an employment agreement with P. Mathew Verghese, our Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer on December 24, 2009. The employment agreement has an initial term of two years, and renews automatically for additional one-year terms unless either party gives notice of an election not to renew at least 90 days prior to the end of the term. Mr. Verghese is entitled to an initial base salary of $240,000, subject to review and increase by us from time to time. Mr. Verghese's employment agreement also provides that he may receive an annual cash and/or stock bonus at the discretion of our Board, he is entitled to four weeks of paid vacation each year and may participate in other employee benefit plans and arrangements in which executives at or above the level of senior vice president participate.

If we terminate Mr. Verghese's employment without "Cause" (as defined) or if he terminates his employment for "Good Reason" (as defined), (a) we will be obligated to pay him: (i) his base salary through the date of termination; (ii) an amount equal to one-year's base salary; and (iii) the greater of: (x) the amount of the bonus paid to him for the prior year, (y) the average of the bonuses paid to him for the two prior years and (z) twenty percent of his base salary; and (b) all of his unvested restricted stock outstanding will vest. If his employment is terminated for death or disability, we will be obligated to pay him his base salary through the date of termination and he will be entitled to consideration for an annual bonus with respect to the calendar year in which he dies or becomes disabled, which amount will be pro-rated for the number of days worked. In addition, he will become fully vested in all unvested restricted stock outstanding on the date of his disability or death. If he terminates his employment for other than "good reason" or we terminate his employment for "Cause", we will only be obligated to pay him his base salary through the date of termination. If we elect not to renew Mr. Verghese's employment agreement, he will be eligible to receive the annual bonus, if any, for the year in which the non-renewal notice is provided, which amount will be pro-rated for the number of days worked.
 
Mr. Verghese's employment agreement defines "Cause" as:

 
31

 
• his failure or refusal to perform substantially his material duties, responsibilities and obligations (other than a failure resulting from his incapacity due to physical or mental illness), which failure continued for a period of at least thirty (30) days after a written notice of demand for substantial performance has been delivered to him specifying the manner in which he has failed substantially to perform;
• any intentional act involving fraud, misrepresentation, theft, embezzlement, or dishonesty ("Fraud") resulting in harm to us;
• conviction of (or a plea of nolo contendere to) an offense which is a felony or which is a misdemeanor that involves Fraud; or
• a material breach of his employment agreement by him.

We are required to provide written notice to him describing the nature of the Cause event within 30 days of any such Cause event and he has 30 calendar days to cure the Cause event to our reasonable satisfaction.
 
A "Good Reason" shall mean any of the following (without his express written consent):

• A diminution in his base salary;
• A change in the location where he performs the majority of his job duties at the time he executes his employment agreement ("Base Location") to a location that is more than fifty (50) miles from the Base Location, without his written consent, except for reasonably required travel by him on our company's business;
• A substantial and adverse diminution in his duties, authority, responsibility or position with our company; or
• Any breach by our company of any material provision of his employment agreement.

However, Good Reason shall exist with respect to an above specified matter only if the matter is not corrected, or begun to be corrected, by us within thirty (30) days after our receipt of written notice of the matter from him.

Mr. Verghese's employment agreement contains restrictions on the use of confidential information and 12-month post-termination non-competition and non-solicitation covenants. In addition, the agreement obligates us to indemnify him, to the maximum extent allowed by law, against proceedings brought against him arising out of his duties serving as our officer, and to reimburse or advance to him the funds necessary for the payment of his expenses arising out of any such proceedings.

Christopher T. Usher Employment Agreement

We entered into an employment agreement with Christopher T. Usher, our Senior Vice President and Chief Technology Officer on January 1, 2010. The employment agreement has an initial term of two years, and renews automatically for additional one-year terms unless either party gives notice of an election not to renew at least 90 days prior to the end of the term. Mr. Usher is entitled to an initial base salary of $240,000, subject to review and increase by us from time to time. Mr. Usher's employment agreement also provides that he may receive an annual cash and/or stock bonus at the discretion of our Board; he is entitled to four weeks of paid vacation each year and may participate in other employee benefit plans and arrangements in which executives at or above the level of senior vice president participate.

If we terminate Mr. Usher's employment without "Cause" (as defined) or if he terminates his employment for "Good Reason" (as defined), (a) we will be obligated to pay him: (i) his base salary through the date of termination; (ii) an amount equal to one-year's base salary; and (iii) the greater of: (x) the amount of the bonus paid to him for the prior year, (y) the average of the bonuses paid to him for the two prior years and (z) twenty percent of his base salary; and (b) all of his unvested restricted stock outstanding will vest. If his employment is terminated for death or disability, we will be obligated to pay him his base salary through the date of termination and he will be entitled to consideration for an annual bonus with respect to the calendar year in which he dies or becomes disabled, which amount will be pro-rated for the number of days worked. In addition, he will become fully vested in all unvested restricted stock outstanding on the date of his disability or death. If he terminates his employment for other than "good reason" or we terminate his employment for "Cause", we will only be obligated to pay him his base salary through the date of termination. If we elect not to renew Mr. Usher's employment agreement, he will be eligible to receive the annual
 
 
32

 
bonus, if any, for the year in which the non-renewal notice is provided, which amount will be pro-rated for the number of days worked.
 
Mr. Usher's employment agreement defines "Cause" as:

• his failure or refusal to perform substantially his material duties, responsibilities and obligations (other than a failure resulting from his incapacity due to physical or mental illness), which failure continued for a period of at least thirty (30) days after a written notice of demand for substantial performance has been delivered to him specifying the manner in which he has failed substantially to perform;
• any intentional act involving fraud, misrepresentation, theft, embezzlement, or dishonesty ("Fraud") resulting in harm to us;
• conviction of (or a plea of nolo contendere to) an offense which is a felony or which is a misdemeanor that involves Fraud; or
• a material breach of his employment agreement by him.

We are required to provide written notice to him describing the nature of the Cause event within 30 days of any such Cause event and he has 30 calendar days to cure the Cause event to our reasonable satisfaction.

 
A "Good Reason" shall mean any of the following (without his express written consent):
 
• A diminution in his base salary;
• A change in the location where he performs the majority of his job duties at the time he executes his employment agreement ("Base Location") to a location that is more than fifty (50) miles from the Base Location, without his written consent, except for reasonably required travel by him on our company's business;
• A substantial and adverse diminution in his duties, authority, responsibility or position with our company; or
• Any breach by our company of any material provision of his employment agreement.

However, Good Reason shall exist with respect to an above specified matter only if the matter is not corrected, or begun to be corrected, by us within thirty (30) days after our receipt of written notice of the matter from him.

Mr. Usher's employment agreement contains restrictions on the use of confidential information and 12-month post-termination non-competition and non-solicitation covenants. In addition, the agreement obligates us to indemnify him, to the maximum extent allowed by law, against proceedings brought against him arising out of his duties serving as our officer, and to reimburse or advance to him the funds necessary for the payment of his expenses arising out of any such proceedings.

Christopher P. Graham Employment Agreement

We entered into an employment agreement with Christopher P. Graham, our Senior Vice President and General Counsel on October 15, 2010. The employment agreement has an initial term of two years, and renews automatically for additional one-year terms unless either party gives notice of an election not to renew at least 90 days prior to the end of the term. Mr. Graham is entitled to an initial base salary of $240,000, subject to review and increase by us from time to time. Mr. Graham's employment agreement also provides that he may receive an annual cash and/or stock bonus at the discretion of our Board; however, such annual bonus shall not be less than 1/3 of Mr. Graham's current year base salary, he is entitled to four weeks of paid vacation each year and may participate in other employee benefit plans and arrangements in which executives at or above the level of senior vice president participate. Additionally, Mr. Graham is entitled to a one-time bonus of $30,000 and a grant of thirty-five thousand (35,000) shares of stock in the Company.

If we terminate Mr. Graham's employment without "Cause" (as defined) or if he terminates his employment for "Good Reason" (as defined), (a) we will be obligated to pay him: (i) his base salary through the date of termination; (ii) an amount equal to one-year's base salary; and (iii) the greater of: (x) the amount of the bonus paid to him for the prior year, or (y) the average of the bonuses paid to him for the two prior years; and (b) all of his unvested restricted stock

 
33

 
outstanding will vest. If his employment is terminated for death or disability, we will be obligated to pay him his base salary through the date of termination and he will be entitled to consideration for an annual bonus with respect to the calendar year in which he dies or becomes disabled, which amount will be pro-rated for the number of days worked. In addition, he will become fully vested in all unvested restricted stock outstanding on the date of his disability or death. If he terminates his employment for other than "good reason" or we terminate his employment for "Cause", we will only be obligated to pay him his base salary through the date of termination. If we elect not to renew Mr. Graham's employment agreement, he will be eligible to receive the annual bonus, if any, for the year in which the non-renewal notice is provided, which amount will be pro-rated for the number of days worked. Additionally, Mr. Graham is entitled to receive a prorated annual bonus of 1/3 of his current base salary upon his termination subject to the provisions of the agreement.
 
Mr. Graham's employment agreement defines "Cause" as:

• his failure or refusal to perform substantially his material duties, responsibilities and obligations (other than a failure resulting from his incapacity due to physical or mental illness), which failure continued for a period of at least thirty (30) days after a written notice of demand for substantial performance has been delivered to him specifying the manner in which he has failed substantially to perform;
• any intentional act involving fraud, misrepresentation, theft, embezzlement, or dishonesty ("Fraud") resulting in harm to us;
• conviction of (or a plea of nolo contendere to) an offense which is a felony or which is a misdemeanor that involves Fraud; or
• a material breach of his employment agreement by him.

We are required to provide written notice to him describing the nature of the Cause event within 30 days of any such Cause event and he has 30 calendar days to cure the Cause event to our reasonable satisfaction.

A "Good Reason" shall mean any of the following (without his express written consent):

• A diminution in his base salary;
• A change in the location where he performs the majority of his job duties at the time he executes his employment agreement ("Base Location") to a location that is more than twenty (20) miles from the Base Location, without his written consent, except for reasonably required travel by him on our company's business;
• A substantial and adverse diminution in his duties, authority, responsibility or position with our company;
• The termination of Mr. Richard Degner; or
• Any breach by our company of any material provision of his employment agreement.

However, Good Reason shall exist with respect to an above specified matter only if the matter is not corrected, or begun to be corrected, by us within thirty (30) days after our receipt of written notice of the matter from him.

Mr. Graham's employment agreement contains restrictions on the use of confidential information and 12-month post-termination non-competition and non-solicitation covenants. In addition, the agreement obligates us to indemnify him, to the maximum extent allowed by law, against proceedings brought against him arising out of his duties serving as our officer, and to reimburse or advance to him the funds necessary for the payment of his expenses arising out of any such proceedings.

Change of Control Arrangements

The following sets forth the incremental compensation that would be payable by us to each of our Named Executive Officers in the event of (i) a change of control or (ii) each named executive officer's termination of employment with us under various scenarios, which we refer to as "Termination Events," including the Named Executive Officer's voluntary resignation, involuntary termination for "Cause," involuntary termination without "Cause," termination by the executive for "Good Reason," termination in connection with a "Change of Control," termination in the event of "Disability," termination in the event of death, and termination in the event of retirement, where each of these defined terms has the meaning ascribed to it in the respective executive's employment agreement. In accordance with applicable SEC rules, the following discussion assumes:

 
34

 
• that the Termination Event in question or change of control occurred on December 31, 2010, the last business day of 2010; and
• with respect to calculations based on our stock price, we used $10.38, which was the amount that our Board determined was the value of our stock as of December 31, 2010.

The analysis contained in this section does not consider or include payments made to a Named Executive Officer with respect to contracts, agreements, plans or arrangements to the extent they do not discriminate in scope, terms or operation, in favor of our executive officers and that are available generally to all salaried employees, such as our 401(k) plan. The actual amounts that would be paid to a Named Executive Officer upon termination of employment can only be determined at the time of such executive officer's termination. Due to the number of factors that affect the nature and amount of any compensation or benefits provided upon the termination events, any actual amounts paid or distributed may be higher or lower than reported below. Factors that could affect these amounts include the timing during the year of any such event, our stock price at such time, and the executive officer's age.

Each Named Executive Officer is party to equity award agreements relating to options or restricted stock granted under our 2006 Incentive Compensation Plan. Specifically, each stock option or restricted stock award agreement provides for accelerated vesting of all options or shares of restricted stock in the event of an executive's death or disability or in the event of a change of control. Messrs. Verghese, Usher and Graham are also parties to individual employment agreements. These agreements and plans may provide that each of the referenced executives are entitled to additional consideration in the event of a Termination Event.

Assuming a change in control (as defined in our 2006 Incentive Compensation Plan) occurred on December 31, 2010, the vesting of the unvested stock options and restricted stock granted to our Named Executive Officers pursuant to the 2006 Incentive Compensation Plan would have accelerated and all stock options would have become vested and exercisable as of that date and all restrictions on the shares of restricted stock would have lapsed as of that date. While all of our Named Executive Officers would have been entitled to accelerated vesting of their options if a change in control occurred on December 31, 2010, since the options were underwater, such acceleration would have had no value.
        
Richard A. Degner.     Mr. Degner does not have an employment agreement; therefore, he is not entitled to any compensation payable or benefits upon a Termination Event except as provided in his equity awards.

         
     
Termination in the
Termination in the
   
Change of Control
Event of Disability
Event of Death
Element
 
($)
($)
($)
         
Stock Option Awards(1)
 
               -
                 -
                -
Restricted Stock Awards (2)
 
               -
                 -
                -
Total
 
               -
                 -
                -

  ________________________________
 
(1)
The table above shows no amount of intrinsic value for unvested options as of December 31, 2010, that could have accelerated vesting upon a termination event because the exercise price of all such options is above $10.38 per share, the value assigned to the stock by the Board on December 31, 2010.
 
(2)
Mr. Degner had no unvested restricted stock outstanding at December 31, 2010.

 
 
35

 
William A. Clark.     Mr. Clark does not have an employment agreement; therefore, he is not entitled to any compensation payable or benefits upon a Termination Event except as provided in his equity awards.

     
Termination in the
Termination in the
   
Change of Control
Event of Disability
Event of Death
Element
 
($)
($)
($)
         
Stock Option Awards(1)
 
-
-
-
Restricted Stock Awards (2)
 
220,575
220,575
220,575
Total
 
220,575
220,575
220,575
  ______________________________
 
(1)
The table above shows no amount of intrinsic value for unvested options as of December 31, 2010, that could have accelerated vesting upon a termination event because the exercise price of all such options is above $10.38 per share, the value assigned to the stock by the Board on December 31, 2010.
 
(2)
 Mr. Clark's equity awards provide that they shall vest in full upon a change in control or upon his death or disability.  The table above shows the amount of intrinsic value for restricted stock as of December 31, 2010 that would have accelerated vesting upon the termination event based on a value of $10.38 per share, the value assigned to the stock by the Board on December 31, 2010.

P. Mathew Verghese.     In addition to the amounts listed below, Mr. Verghese is entitled to all accrued compensation and unreimbursed expenses through the date of termination in the event of his termination. Please refer to the above discussion regarding Mr. Verghese's employment agreement for the specific timing and payouts of severance compensation.
 
                     
 
Termination
                   
               
Involuntary
   
in Connection
                   
               
Termination
   
with Change
                   
               
by us without
   
of Control
   
Change of
             
         
Involuntary
   
Cause or by
   
(without
   
Control
   
Termination
   
Termination
 
   
Voluntary
   
Termination
   
Executive for
   
Cause or for
   
without
   
in the Event
   
in the Event
 
   
Resignation
   
for Cause
   
Good Reason
   
Good Reason)
   
Termination
   
of Disability
   
of Death
 
Element
 
($)
   
($)
   
($)
   
($)(6)
   
($)
   
($)
   
($)
 
                                           
Cash Severance Payment(1)
    -       -       240,000       240,000       -       -       -  
Bonus Payment(2)
    -       -       96,000       96,000       -       48,000       48,000  
Stock Option Awards(3)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Restricted Stock Awards(4)
    -       -       276,368       276,368       276,368       276,368       276,368  
Continued Health Coverage(5)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Total
    -       -       612,368       612,368       276,368       324,368       324,368  
  ________________________________
 
(1)
In the event of termination without Cause or termination for Good Reason, Mr. Verghese is entitled to an amount equal to one year of base salary at the rate in effect immediately before the Termination, payable in a lump sum.
 
(2)
In the event of termination without Cause or termination for Good Reason, Mr. Verghese is entitled to an amount equal to the greater of: (i) the amount of his annual bonus, if any, relating to the prior calendar year, (ii) the average of the annual bonus amounts, if any, relating to the two prior calendar years, or (iii) twenty percent of his base salary payable in a lump sum. The amounts in this row represent an estimate of the potential bonus payable to Mr. Verghese based on the actual bonus paid for 2010. If his employment is terminated for death or disability, he will be entitled to consideration for an annual bonus with respect to the calendar year in which he dies or becomes disabled, which amount will be pro-rated for the number of days worked. The pro-rated amounts of the bonuses for termination of disability are estimated at one-half of the actual bonus paid for 2010. If we elect not to renew Mr. Verghese's employment agreement, he will be eligible to receive the annual bonus, if any, for the year in which the non-renewal notice is provided, which amount will be pro-rated for the number of days worked.
 
(3)
The acceleration of vesting of stock options, if any, is governed under the terms of Mr. Verghese's various option agreements governing the grants. In general, all option grants will vest if Mr. Verghese's employment is terminated in the event of disability or death. The table above shows no amount of intrinsic value for unvested options as of December 31, 2010 that would have accelerated vesting upon the termination event because the exercise price of all such options is above $10.38 per share, the value assigned to the stock by the Board on December 31, 2010.
 
 
36

 
 
(4)
Mr. Verghese's employment agreement provides that all outstanding restricted stock will vest if Mr. Verghese's employment is terminated without Cause or for Good Reason. Mr. Verghese's restricted stock award agreements provide that his shares of restricted stock will vest in the event of his death or disability or in the event of a change of control. The table above shows the amount of intrinsic value for restricted stock as of December 31, 2010 that would have accelerated vesting upon the termination event based on a value of $10.38 per share, the value assigned to the stock by the Board on December 31, 2010.
 
(5)
Mr. Verghese is not entitled to continuing health coverage other than as provided by COBRA.
 
(6)
Amounts payable to Mr. Verghese for termination in connection with a change of control without Cause or with Good Reason are the same as if there were no change of control.

Christopher T. Usher.     In addition to the amounts listed below, Mr. Usher is entitled to all accrued compensation and unreimbursed expenses through the date of termination in the event of his termination. Please refer to the above discussion regarding Mr. Usher's employment agreement for the specific timing and payouts of severance compensation.
                     
Termination
                   
               
Involuntary
   
in Connection
                   
               
Termination
   
with Change
                   
               
by us without
   
of Control
   
Change of
             
         
Involuntary
   
Cause or by
   
(without
   
Control
   
Termination
   
Termination
 
   
Voluntary
   
Termination
   
Executive for
   
Cause or for
   
without
   
in the Event
   
in the Event
 
   
Resignation
   
for Cause
   
Good Reason
   
Good Reason)
   
Termination
   
of Disability
   
of Death
 
Element
 
($)
   
($)
   
($)
   
($)(6)
   
($)
   
($)
   
($)
 
                                           
Cash Severance Payment(1)
    -       -       240,000       240,000       -       -       -  
Bonus Payment(2)
    -       -       81,008       81,008       -       40,504       40,504  
Stock Option Awards(3)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Restricted Stock Awards(4)
    -       -       311,400       311,400       311,400       311,400       311,400  
Continued Health Coverage(5)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Total
    -       -       632,408       632,408       311,400       351,904       351,904  
 ________________________________
 
(1)
In the event of termination without Cause or termination for Good Reason, Mr. Usher is entitled to an amount equal to one year of base salary at the rate in effect immediately before the Termination, payable in a lump sum.
 
(2)
In the event of termination without Cause or termination for Good Reason, Mr. Usher is entitled to an amount equal to the greater of: (i) the amount of his annual bonus, if any, relating to the prior calendar year, (ii) the average of the annual bonus amounts, if any, relating to the two prior calendar years, or (iii) twenty percent of his base salary payable in a lump sum. The amounts in this row represent an estimate of the potential bonus payable to Mr. Usher based on the actual bonus paid for 2010. If his employment is terminated for death or disability, he will be entitled to consideration for an annual bonus with respect to the calendar year in which he dies or becomes disabled, which amount will be pro-rated for the number of days worked. The pro-rated amounts of the bonuses for termination of disability are estimated at one-half of the actual bonus paid for 2010. If we elect not to renew Mr. Usher's employment agreement, he will be eligible to receive the annual bonus, if any, for the year in which the non-renewal notice is provided, which amount will be pro-rated for the number of days worked.
 
(3)
The acceleration of vesting of stock options, if any, is governed under the terms of Mr. Usher's various option agreements governing the grants. In general, all option grants will vest if Mr. Usher's employment is terminated in the event of disability or death. The table above shows no amount of intrinsic value for unvested options as of December 31, 2010 that would have accelerated vesting upon the termination event because the exercise price of all such options is above $10.38 per share, the value assigned to the stock by the Board on December 31, 2010.
 
(4)
Mr. Usher's employment agreement provides that all outstanding restricted stock will vest if Mr. Usher's employment is terminated without Cause or for Good Reason. Mr. Usher's restricted stock award agreements provide that his shares of restricted stock will vest in the event of his death or disability or in the event of a change of control. The table above shows the amount of intrinsic value for restricted stock as of December 31, 2010 that would have accelerated vesting upon the termination event based on a value of $10.38 per share, the value assigned to the stock by the Board on December 31, 2010.
 
(5)
Mr. Usher is not entitled to continuing health coverage other than as provided by COBRA.
 
(6)
Amounts payable to Mr. Usher for termination in connection with a change of control without Cause or with Good Reason are the same as if there were no change of control.

Christopher P. Graham.     In addition to the amounts listed below, Mr. Graham is entitled to all accrued compensation and unreimbursed expenses through the date of termination in the event of his termination. Please refer to the above discussion regarding Mr. Graham's employment agreement for the specific timing and payouts of severance compensation.
 
 
37

 
 
                     
Termination
                   
               
Involuntary
   
in Connection
                   
               
Termination
   
with Change
                   
               
by us without
   
of Control
   
Change of
             
         
Involuntary
   
Cause or by
   
(without
   
Control
   
Termination
   
Termination
 
   
Voluntary
   
Termination
   
Executive for
   
Cause or for
   
without
   
in the Event
   
in the Event
 
   
Resignation
   
for Cause
   
Good Reason
   
Good Reason)
   
Termination
   
of Disability
   
of Death
 
Element
 
($)
   
($)
   
($)
   
($)(6)
   
($)
   
($)
   
($)
 
                                           
Cash Severance Payment(1)
    -       -       240,000       240,000       -       -       -  
Bonus Payment(2)
    -       -       30,000       30,000       -       15,000       15,000  
Stock Option Awards(3)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Restricted Stock Awards(4)
    -       -       363,300       363,300       363,300       363,300       363,300  
Continued Health Coverage(5)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Total
    -       -       633,300       633,300       363,300       378,300       378,300  
____________________________
 
(1)
In the event of termination without Cause or termination for Good Reason, Mr. Graham is entitled to an amount equal to one year of base salary at the rate in effect immediately before the Termination, payable in a lump sum.
 
(2)
In the event of termination without Cause or termination for Good Reason, Mr. Graham is entitled to an amount equal to the greater of: (i) the amount of his annual bonus, if any, relating to the prior calendar year or (ii) the average of the annual bonus amounts, if any, relating to the two prior calendar years. The amounts in this row represent an estimate of the potential bonus payable to Mr. Graham based on the actual bonus paid for 2010. If his employment is terminated for death or disability, he will be entitled to consideration for an annual bonus with respect to the calendar year in which he dies or becomes disabled, which amount will be pro-rated for the number of days worked. The pro-rated amounts of the bonuses for termination of disability are estimated at one-half of the actual bonus paid for 2010. If we elect not to renew Mr. Graham's employment agreement, he will be eligible to receive the annual bonus, if any, for the year in which the non-renewal notice is provided, which amount will be pro-rated for the number of days worked.
 
(3)
The acceleration of vesting of stock options, if any, is governed under the terms of Mr. Graham's various option agreements governing the grants. In general, all option grants will vest if Mr. Graham's employment is terminated in the event of disability or death. The table above shows no amount of intrinsic value for unvested options as of December 31, 2010 that would have accelerated vesting upon the termination event because the exercise price of all such options is above $10.38 per share, the value assigned to the stock by the Board on December 31, 2010.
 
(4)
Mr. Graham's employment agreement provides that all outstanding restricted stock will vest if Mr. Graham's employment is terminated without Cause or for Good Reason. Mr. Graham's restricted stock award agreements provide that his shares of restricted stock will vest in the event of his death or disability or in the event of a change of control. The table above shows the amount of intrinsic value for restricted stock as of December 31, 2010 that would have accelerated vesting upon the termination event based on a value of $10.38 per share, the value assigned to the stock by the Board on December 31, 2010.
 
(5)
Mr. Graham is not entitled to continuing health coverage other than as provided by COBRA.
 
(6)
Amounts payable to Mr. Graham for termination in connection with a change of control without Cause or with Good Reason are the same as if there were no change of control.

Alvin L. Thomas.     Prior to his resignation on October 15, 2010, Mr. Thomas was eligible to receive certain payments upon termination or change of control, as well as, all accrued compensation and unreimbursed expenses through the date of termination.
 
                     
Termination
                   
               
Involuntary
   
in Connection
                   
               
Termination
   
with Change
                   
               
by us without
   
of Control
   
Change of
             
         
 Involuntary
   
Cause or by
   
(without
   
Control
   
Termination
   
Termination
 
   
Voluntary
   
Termination
   
Executive for
   
Cause or for
   
without
   
in the Event
   
in the Event
 
   
Resignation
   
for Cause
   
Good Reason
   
Good Reason)
   
Termination
   
of Disability
   
of Death
 
Element
 
($)
   
($)
   
($)
   
($)(6)
   
($)
   
($)
   
($)
 
                                           
Cash Severance Payment(1)
    -       -       240,000       240,000       -       -       -  
Bonus Payment(2)
    -       -       75,000       75,000       -       37,500       37,500  
Stock Option Awards(3)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Restricted Stock Awards(4)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Continued Health Coverage(5)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Total
    -       -       315,000       315,000       -       37,500       37,500  
 
 
 
38

 
 ________________________________
 
(1)
In the event of termination without Cause or termination for Good Reason, Mr. Thomas was entitled to an amount equal to one year of base salary at the rate in effect immediately before the Termination, payable in a lump sum.
 
(2)
In the event of termination without Cause or termination for Good Reason, Mr. Thomas was entitled to an amount equal to the greater of: (i) the amount of his annual bonus, if any, relating to the prior calendar year, (ii) the average of the annual bonus amounts, if any, relating to the two prior calendar years, or (iii) twenty percent of his base salary payable in a lump sum. The amounts in this row represent an estimate of the potential bonus payable to Mr. Thomas based on the actual bonus paid for 2009. If his employment was terminated for death or disability, he was entitled to consideration for an annual bonus with respect to the calendar year in which he died or became disabled, which amount would have been pro-rated for the number of days worked. The pro-rated amounts of the bonuses for termination of disability are estimated at one-half of the actual bonus paid for 2009. If we elected not to renew Mr. Thomas' employment agreement, he would have been eligible to receive the annual bonus, if any, for the year in which the non-renewal notice was provided, which amount would have been pro-rated for the number of days worked.
 
(3)
Mr. Thomas's stock option awards were forfeited upon his resignation from the Company.
 
(4)
Mr. Thomas's restricted stock awards were forfeited upon his resignation from the Company.
 
(5)
Mr. Thomas was not entitled to continuing health coverage other than as provided by COBRA.
 
(6)
Amounts payable to Mr. Thomas for termination in connection with a change of control without Cause or with Good Reason were the same as if there were no change of control.
 
(7)
Mr. Thomas resigned from the Company on October 15, 2010 and is no longer entitled to receive payments pursuant to his employment agreement.

Director Compensation

In 2010, we did not pay any cash compensation in the form of retainers or fees for service on the Board or any committees to members of our Board, nor did we grant any equity-based compensation to any members of the Board for their service as directors in 2010.

Directors are reimbursed for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in attending meetings of the Board or committees and for other reasonable expenses related to the performance of their duties as directors.

The Compensation Committee and the Board approved changes regarding compensation paid to independent directors for Fiscal Year 2011.  In 2011, independent directors will be eligible to receive 3,500 shares of the Company's common stock, subject to the standard vesting requirements, and $35,000 in cash consideration of which $25,000 shall be for meeting fees and $10,000 shall be for expenses.  The Chairman of the Audit Committee shall receive an additional grant of 1,000 shares of the Company's common stock, subject to the standard vesting requirements.  Messrs. Matelich and Osborne have declined to receive any compensation for services provided as a director of the Company.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

The table below sets forth the following information as of the end of December 31, 2010 for (1) all compensation plans previously approved by our stockholders and (2) all compensation plans not previously approved by our shareholders:

   
Number of securities to be
issued upon exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
   
Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
   
Number of securities
remaining available
for future issuance
under equity compensation
plans(excluding securities
reflected in column (a))
 
Plan Category
 
(a)
   
(b)
   
(c)
 
Equity compensation plans
    2,884,100     $22.93       5,393,163.00  
approved by security holders
                       
Equity compensation plans
                       
not approved by security holders
                       
Total
    2,884,100     $22.93       5,393,163.00  
 
 
39

 
Equity compensation plans approved by our shareholders refer to the 2006 Incentive Compensation Plan.
 
AUDIT COMMITTEE MATTERS AND AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT


The Audit Committee’s Charter provides that, subject to shareholder ratification, the Audit Committee shall have sole responsibility for the appointment, retention, oversight, termination and replacement of our independent registered certified public accounting firm, and for the approval of all audit and engagement fees. No services to be performed by our independent registered certified public accounting firm (including audit services or non-audit services) shall be provided to the Company unless first pre-approved by the Committee and unless permitted by applicable securities laws and the rules and regulations of the SEC. The Audit Committee may delegate to one or more members of the Audit Committee, the authority to grant pre-approvals of non-audit services, remain that the decision of any member to whom such authority is delegated to pre-approve non-audit services shall be presented to the full Audit Committee for its approval at its next scheduled meeting.

In addition, the independent registered certified public accounting firm shall report directly to the Audit Committee and shall be ultimately accountable to the Committee. The Committee shall obtain an annual written statement from the independent registered certified public accounting firm confirming its accountability to the Committee.


As previously mentioned, UHY has been serving as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm since its inception. The following table presents the aggregate fees billed by UHY to us for services rendered for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009:

 
Year Ended December 31,
2010
2009
 
Audit Fees (1)
 
$175,000
 
$250,900
Audit-Related Fees (2)
$60,200
$47,750
Tax Fees (3)
-
$8,513
All Other Fees (4)
$201,500
$400,858
Total
$436,700
$708,021
__________________

(1)  
The Audit fees for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, were for professional services rendered for the audits of Company’s consolidated financial statements, the review of documents filed with the SEC, and consents.
 
(2)  
The Audit-related fees for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, were for professional services rendered for the reviews of Company quarterly consolidated financial statements.
 
(3)  
The Tax fees for the years ended December 31, 2009 were for professional services rendered for various international tax planning issues.
 
(4)  
All other fees include fees for all services except those described above, such as fees related to the Company’s initial public offering and senior notes offering, which include review of SEC forms S-1 and S-4, consents and the issuance of comfort letters.

 
40

 

The following is the report of the Audit Committee with respect to the Company’s audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010.

Audit Committee Charter and Responsibilities

The Audit Committee assists the Board in its oversight of the quality and integrity of the Company’s financial statements and its accounting and financial reporting practices. The audit committee’s responsibilities are more fully set forth in its Charter, which you can view by visiting the Company’s website at www.globalgeophysical.com and selecting Investor Relations - Corporate Governance - Overview - Audit Committee Charter.

In fulfilling its oversight responsibilities, the Audit Committee reviewed and discussed the Company’s annual audited and quarterly consolidated financial statements for the 2010 calendar year with management and UHY LLP (“UHY”), the Company’s independent auditor. The Audit Committee has discussed with UHY the matters required to be discussed by the Statement on Auditing Standards No. 61, as amended (AICPA, Professional Standards, Vol. 1, AU Section 380), as adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board in Rule 3200T. The Audit Committee has also received the written disclosures and the letter from UHY required by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding the independent accountant’s communications with the Audit Committee concerning independence and has discussed with UHY its independence from the Company and its management.

Audit Committee Financial Expert

The Board has determined that Mr. Joseph P. McCoy is an Audit Committee Financial Expert, as the SEC defines the term. All members of the Audit Committee are independent, as such independence for Audit Committee members is defined by the NYSE, SEC, and the company’s own independence standards.

Recommendation of Financial Statements

Based on the reviews and discussions referred to above, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board of Directors that the audited financial statements be included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010.

Respectfully submitted,

Audit Committee
Karl F. Kurz (Chairman)
Damir S. Skerl
Stanley de J. Osborne (member until April, 2011)

The preceding “Audit Committee Report” shall not be deemed soliciting material or to be filed with the SEC, nor shall any information in this report be incorporated by reference into any past or future filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent the Company specifically incorporates it by reference into such filing.


SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

The following tables set forth certain information with respect to the beneficial ownership of Global common stock as of December 31, 2010 by:

(i)  
each persons known by the Company to be the beneficial owners of 5% or more of Global common stock;
(ii)  
named executive officers;
(iii)  
directors and nominees; and
(iv)  
all of our directors and executive officers as a group.

Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the SEC rules and generally includes voting or investment power with respect to securities. Except as indicated in the footnotes and subject to community property laws where
 
 
41

 
applicable, to Company’s knowledge, the persons named in the tables below have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of Global common stock beneficially owned. The number of shares beneficially owned by each person or group, as of December 31, 2010, includes shares of common stock that such person or group had the right to acquire on or within 60 days after December 31, 2010, including, but not limited to, upon the exercise of options to purchase common stock, or warrants held by that person that are currently exercisable or exercisable within the 60 days term mentioned above.

Unless otherwise indicated, the address for each person set forth in the table is c/o Global Geophysical Services, Inc., 13927 South Gessner Road, Missouri City, Texas 77489.


This information is reported by such beneficial owners of 5% or more of Global common stock in their Schedule 13G filings with the SEC.

For Kelso Investment Associates VII, L.P., KEP VI, LLC, and Wayzata Opportunities Fund, LLC, the percentage ownership was calculated by dividing the number of shares beneficially owned by such entity by 36,036,163 shares of common stock outstanding on November 3, 2010 (number of shares reported by Company on its quarterly report for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2010 filed on Form 10-Q on November 3, 2010, being the most recently available filing with the SEC at the time of filing of their Statement on Schedule 13G).

For Richard A. Degner, our Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer, the percentage ownership was calculated by dividing the number of shares beneficially owned by him by 35,963,570 shares of common stock outstanding, as of December 31, 2010 (number of shares as reported by our Transfer Agent for the period ended December 31, 2010, believed to be the most current information known to Mr. Degner at the time of filing of his Statement on Schedule 13G).

 
 
Beneficial Ownership of Common Stock
 
Name
Number of Shares
Percentage
 
Kelso Investment Associates VII, L.P.
KEP VI, LLC
 
12,880,650 (1)
 
35.7%
 
 
Wayzata Investment Partners, LLC
 
2,352,950 (2)
 
6.53%
 
Richard A. Degner
 
2,436,519 (3)
 
6.9%
__________________
 
(1)
Based on a Statement on Schedule 13G filed on February 15, 2011. The aggregate number of shares beneficially owned includes (i) 10,011,600 shares of common stock held of record by Kelso Investment Associates VII, L.P. (“KIA VII”) and (ii) 2,479,050 shares of common stock held of record by KEP VI, LLC (“KEP VI”). KIA VII and KEP VI also own warrants to purchase 312,600 and 77,400 shares of common stock, respectively. The warrants are currently exercisable, and will expire on April 21, 2012. Kelso GP VII, LLC (“GP VII LLC”) is the general partner of Kelso GP VII, L.P. (“GP VII LP”). GP VII LP is the general partner of KIA VII. KIA VII and KEP VI, due to their common control, could be deemed to beneficially own each of the other’s securities. Each of KIA VII and KEP VI disclaim such beneficial ownership. Each of GP VII LLC, GP VII LP and KIA VII, due to their common control, could be deemed to beneficially own each other’s securities. GP VII LLC disclaims beneficial ownership of all of the securities owned of record, or deemed beneficially owned, by each of GP VII LP and KIA VII, except to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the inclusion of these securities in this report shall not be deemed an admission of beneficial ownership of all the reported securities for purposes of Section 16 or for any other purposes. GP VII LP disclaims beneficial ownership of all of the securities owned of record, or deemed beneficially owned, by each of GP VII LLC and KIA VII, except, in the case of KIA VII, to the extent of its pecuniary interest therein, and the inclusion of these securities in this report shall not be deemed an admission of beneficial ownership of all the reported securities for purposes of Section 16 or for any other purposes. KIA VII disclaims beneficial ownership of all of the securities owned of record, or deemed beneficially owned, by each of GP VII LLC and GP VII LP, and the inclusion of these securities in this report shall not be deemed an admission of beneficial ownership of all the reported securities for purposes of Section 16 or for any other purposes. KEP VI and GP VII LLC due to their common control could be deemed to beneficially own each other’s securities. KEP VI disclaims beneficial ownership of all of the securities owned of record, or deemed beneficially owned, by each of GP VII LLC, GP VII LP and KIA VII, and the inclusion of these securities in this report shall not be deemed an admission of beneficial ownership of all the reported securities for purposes of Section 16 or for any other purposes. Each of GP VII
 
 
42

 
 
LLC, GP VII LP and KIA VII disclaims beneficial ownership of all of the securities owned of record, or deemed beneficially owned, by KEP VI, and the inclusion of these securities in this report shall not be deemed an admission of beneficial ownership of all the reported securities for purposes of Section 16 or for any other purposes. Frank T. Nickell, Thomas R. Wall, IV, George E. Matelich, Michael B. Goldberg, David I. Wahrhaftig, Frank K. Bynum, Jr., Philip E. Berney, Frank J. Loverro, James J. Connors, II, Church M. Moore and Stanley de Jongh Osborne (the “Kelso Individuals”) may be deemed to share beneficial ownership of securities owned of record or beneficially owned by GP VII LLC, GP VII LP, KIA VII, and KEP VI, by virtue of their status as managing members of GP VII LLC and KEP VI, but disclaim beneficial ownership of such securities, and this report shall not be deemed an admission that any of the Kelso Individuals is the beneficial owner of these securities for purposes of Section 16 or for any other purposes. Christopher L. Collins may be deemed to share beneficial ownership of securities owned by KEP VI by virtue of his status as a managing member of KEP VI. Mr. Collins shares investment and voting power with the Kelso Individuals with respect to ownership interests owned by KEP VI but disclaims beneficial ownership of such interests.  The business address for these persons is c/o Kelso & Company, 320 Park Avenue, 24th Floor, New York, NY 10022
 
(2) 
Based on a Statement on Schedule 13G filed on February 14, 2011. Wayzata Investment Partners LLC (“Investment Manager”) exercises voting and investment control, serving as investment adviser to Wayzata Recovery Fund, LLC, Wayland Distressed Opportunities Fund I-B, LLC, Wayland Distressed Opportunities Fund I-C, LLC, Wayzata Opportunities Fund II, L.P., Wayzata Opportunities Fund Offshore II, L.P., Wayzata Opportunities Fund, LLC and Wayzata Opportunities Fund Offshore, L.P. (collectively, “Wayzata Funds”), with respect to the shares  directly owned by certain of the Wayzata Funds. Patrick J. Halloran (“Mr. Halloran”) serves as the manager of the Investment Manager and controls MAP Holdings LLC, which is the majority member of the Investment Manager. The foregoing persons are hereinafter sometimes collectively referred to as the “Reporting Persons.” The foregoing should not be construed in and of itself as an admission by any Reporting Person as to beneficial ownership of the Common Shares owned by another Reporting Person. In addition, each of Wayzata Investment Partners LLC and Mr. Halloran disclaims beneficial ownership of the Common Shares owned by the Wayzata Funds. The business address of Wayzata Opportunities Fund, LLC is c/o Wayzata Investments Partners LLC, 701 East Lake Street, Suite 300, Wayzata, Minnesota 55391.
 
(3) 
Based on a Statement on Schedule 13G filed on February 14, 2011; the number of shares beneficially owned includes options to acquire 47,500 shares of Global common stock within 60 days after December 31, 2010.

For each individual and group included in the table below, the percentage ownership is calculated by dividing the number of shares beneficially owned by such person or group by 35,963,570 shares of common stock outstanding, as of December 31, 2010 (number of shares as reported by our Transfer Agent for the period ended December 31, 2010).

All directors and executive officers, with the exception of Messrs. Degner, Skerl, Matelich, Osborne, and Fleure owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of common stock of the Company at December 31, 2010.

Name
Common Stock
Options Exercisable
in 60 day
Total Shares
Beneficially Owned, Directly or Indirectly
Percentage
Named Executive Officers:
 
       
Richard A. Degner
2,436,519 (1)
47,500
2,484,019
6.9%
P. Mathew Verghese
38,782
20,000
58,782
*
William A. Clark
33,275
35,000
68,275
*
Christopher T. Usher
30,000
-
30,000
*
Christopher P. Graham
35,000
-
35,000
*
Alvin L. Thomas II (2)
-
-
-
-
 
Directors and Nominees:
 
       
Karl F. Kurz
-
-
-
-
Damir S. Skerl
372,765 (3)
7,500
380,265
1.06%
George E. Matelich
12,490,650 (4)
390,000 (4)
12,880,650 (4)
35.82%
Stanley de J. Osborne
12,490,650 (4)
390,000 (4)
12,880,650 (4)
35.82%
Michael C. Forrest
190,000 (5)
7,500
197,500
*
John R. Russell
312,500 (6)
-
312,500
*
Thomas J. Fleure
1,040,687
45,000
1,085,687
3.02%
 
All Directors and Executive Officers as a group (19 persons) (7):
 
       
All Directors and Executive Officers as a group
18,300,276
700,000
19,000,276
52.83%
 
43

 
__________________
 
*      less than 1%

(1)  
As of December 31, 2010, Mr. Degner has pledged 1,938,519 shares of Global common stock.
 
(2)  
With the occasion of Mr. Thomas’ resignation, effective as of October 15, 2010, Company repurchased from him, pursuant to a Confidential Settlement Agreement and Release, as amended and corrected on October 29, 2010 (“Settlement Agreement”), all of his 10,900 vested shares of restricted common stock at a price of $6.1595 per share, for a total agreed sale price of $67,138.56. In addition, Mr. Thomas surrendered all 22,375 unvested restricted shares to the Company, and all 70,000 outstanding stock options previously granted to Mr. Thomas by Company were terminated.
 
(3)  
Includes 47,534 shares owned as follows: (i) 15,845 by the Christopher Robert Skerl Grandchild Trust, (ii) 15,845 by the Matthew Philip Skerl Grandchild Trust and (iii) 15,844 by the Stephen Allen Skerl Grandchild Trust, of which Mr. Skerl serves as trustee.
 
(4)  
The footnote (1) inserted under the previous table, in the “Security Ownership by Certain Beneficial Owners” section, is incorporated herein by reference. Each of Messrs. Matelich and Osborne could be deemed to share beneficial ownership of shares of common stock owned by KIA VII and KEP VI.
 
(5)  
Includes 190,000 shares owned by Bobbye C. Forrest Exempt Bypass Trust, Michael C. Forrest, Trustee.
 
(6)  
Included 312, 500 shares owned by Electo Partners, LLP which he controls.
 
(7)  
The following persons were included in the group: (1) Richard A. Degner; (2) P. Mathew Verghese; (3) William A. Clark; (4) Christopher T. Usher; (5) Christopher P. Graham; (6) Alvin L. Thomas II; (7) Thomas J. Fleure; (8) Craig A. Lindberg; (9) Ray L. Mays; (10) Kirk L. Girouard; (11) Barry L. Weinman; (12) Jeff M. Howell, (13) Lawrence M. Scott; (14) Karl F. Kurz; (15) Damir S. Skerl; (16) George E. Matelich; (17) Stanley de J. Osborne; (18) Michael C. Forrest; and (19) John R. Russell.


Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), requires the Company’s executive officers and directors, and greater than 10% beneficial owners to file an initial report of ownership of Global common stock on Form 3 and reports of changes in ownership on Form 4 or Form 5 with the SEC. Persons subject to Section 16 are required by SEC regulations to furnish the Company with copies of all Section 16(a) forms that they file. The Company believes, based solely on a review of the copies of such forms in our possession and on written representations from reporting persons, that with respect to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010, all of its executive officers and directors filed on a timely basis the reports required to be filed under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, except for the late Forms 4 filed as follows: (1) on September 14, 2010, on behalf of Barry L. Weinman to report the purchase of Global common stock for his son and daughter on August 19, 2010 and August 23, 2010, respectively, and (2) on October 29, 2010, on behalf of Alvin L. Thomas II, to report the above mentioned Settlement Agreement.
 
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

A copy of the Company’s Annual Report, including audited financial statements and a description of operations for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010, accompanies this Proxy Statement. The financial statements contained in the Annual Report are not incorporated by reference in this Proxy Statement.

The Company makes available free of charge on its website, all of its filings that are made electronically with the SEC, including Forms 10-K, 10-Q and 8-K. These materials can be found on the Investor Relations page and then selecting Financial Information - SEC Filings.
 
 
44

 
OTHER INFORMATION

 
Per our Company’s Bylaws, nominations for election to the Board and proposals of business to be considered by the stockholders at an annual meeting of stockholders may be made only by those shareholders of the Corporation who (1) are entitled to vote at the meeting, (2) comply in a timely manner with all notice procedures set forth in Section 1.12, and (3) are stockholders of record when the required notice is delivered and at the date of the meeting. If a shareholder desires to nominate someone for election to the Board of Directors at, or to bring any other business before, the 2012 Annual Meeting of shareholders, then such shareholder must comply with the procedures set forth in Section 1.12 “Stockholder Meetings – Nominations and Other Proposals” of the Company’s Bylaws in addition to any other applicable requirements and must give timely written notice of the matter to the Corporate Secretary of the Company. To be timely, written notice must be delivered not less than 90 days nor more than 120 days prior to the anniversary of the preceding year’s annual  meeting (which  anniversary date,  in the  case  of  the 2012 Annual Meeting shall be deemed to be June 8, 2011); provided that if the date of the annual meeting is advanced by more than 30 days or delayed by more than 70 days from such anniversary date of the preceding year’s annual meeting, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than 120 days prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the 90th day prior to such annual meeting or the 10th day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made.  If the number of directors to be elected to the Board at an annual meeting is increased, and if the Corporation does not make a public announcement naming all of the nominees for director or specifying the size of the increased Board at least 70 days prior to the anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting (which  anniversary date,  in the  case  of  the 2012 Annual Meeting shall be deemed to be June 8, 2011), then any stockholder nomination in respect of the increased number of positions shall be considered timely if delivered not later than the close of business on the 10th day following the day on which a public announcement naming all nominees or specifying the size of the increased Board is first made by the Company.

Any such notice to the Corporate Secretary must include all of the information specified in the Company’s Bylaws. Such notice must be received by the Corporate Secretary of the Company a reasonable time before the Company begins to print and mail its proxy materials for the 2012 Annual Meeting.

No Incorporation by Reference

In the Company’s filings with the SEC, information is sometimes “incorporated by reference.” This means that the Company is referring you to information that has previously been filed with the SEC and the information should be considered as part of the particular filing. As provided under SEC regulations, the “Audit Committee Report” and the “Compensation Committee Report” contained in this Proxy Statement are not incorporated by reference into any other filings with the SEC, except to the extent they are specifically incorporated by reference into a filing. In addition, this Proxy Statement includes several website addresses. These website addresses are intended to provide inactive, textual references only. The information on these websites is not part of this Proxy Statement.

Directions to the Annual Meeting and Additional Information Regarding the Admission

The Annual Meeting will be held at the Company’s headquarters located at 13927 S. Gessner Rd., Missouri City, Texas 77489:

 
45

 

From George Bush Intercontinental Airport (IAH) /
Downtown Houston:
- take US-59 South towards Sugar Land / Victoria
- take the exit onto Beltway 8/Sam Houston Tollway South
- exit US-90 Alt / S Main St / Fondren Rd 
- turn Right onto US-90 Alt West/S Main St
- turn Right onto S Gessner Rd
The Company’s headquarters is on the right.
 
 
From Sugar Land and South West Houston:
- take US-59 North towards Downtown
- take the exit onto Beltway 8/Sam Houston Tollway South
- exit US-90 Alt / S Main St / Fondren Rd 
- turn Right onto US-90 Alt West/S Main St
- turn Right onto S Gessner Rd
The Company’s headquarters is on the right.
 
From South and South East Houston:
- take Beltway 8/Sam Houston Pkwy West
- exit US-90 Alt / S Main St
- turn Left onto US-90 Alt West/S Main St
- turn Right onto S Gessner Rd
The Company’s headquarters is on the right.
 
From North and North West Houston:
- take Beltway 8/Sam Houston Pkwy West then continue South
- exit US-90 Alt / S Main St / Fondren Rd 
- turn Right onto US-90 Alt West/S Main St
- turn Right onto S Gessner Rd
The Company’s headquarters is on the right.

Check-in begins at 12:00 pm CST
Meeting begins at 1:00 pm CST

If you plan to attend the Annual Meeting:
·  
It is important that you let us know in advance by marking the appropriate box on your proxy card or, if you vote by telephone or Internet, indicating your plans when prompted.
·  
Parking is limited. Please allow ample time for check-in.
·  
Each shareholder should be prepared to present:
•  
Valid photo identification, such as a driver's license or passport; and
•  
Shareholders holding their shares through a broker, bank, trustee or nominee will need to bring proof of beneficial ownership as of April 25, 2011, the Record Date, such as their most recent account statement reflecting their stock ownership as of the Record Date, or a copy of the voting instruction card provided by their broker, bank, trustee or nominee or similar evidence of ownership.

 
46

 

If you are not able to attend the Annual Meeting in person, you can call-in at local toll-free dial-in number: (877) 312-5527 or international dial-in number: (253) 237-1145. However, please note that you cannot vote over the phone with that occasion. The Board encourages you to vote by Proxy as soon as possible, before the Annual Meeting.
 
Any questions or comments in relation to this Proxy Statement should be addressed to the Corporate Secretary at Company’s headquarters located at 13927 S. Gessner Rd., Missouri City, Texas 77489, by phone at 713-808-7310, or by email at chris.graham@globalgeophysical.com.

 
By order of the Board of Directors,


Christopher P. Graham
Senior Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel
 

Missouri City, Texas
May 2, 2011

 
47

 
Admission Ticket
 
IMPORTANT ANNUAL MEETING INFORMATION
 
 
Electronic Voting Instructions
You can vote by Internet or telephone!
Available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week!
Instead of mailing your proxy, you may choose one of the two voting methods outlined below to vote your proxy.
 
VALIDATION DETAILS ARE LOCATED BELOW IN THE TITLE BAR.
 
Proxies submitted by the Internet or telephone must be received by 1:00 a.m., Central Time, on June 8, 2011.
 
Vote by Internet
Log on to the Internet and go to www.investorvote.com/GGS
• Follow the steps outlined on the secured website.
 
Vote by telephone
Call toll free 1-800-652-VOTE (8683) within the USA, US territories & Canada any time on a touch tone telephone. There is NO CHARGE to you for the call.
• Follow the instructions provided by the recorded message.
 
Using a black ink pen, mark your votes with an X as shown in this example. Please do not write outside the designated areas.    X    
 

Annual Meeting Proxy Card

IF YOU HAVE NOT VOTED VIA THE INTERNET OR TELEPHONE, FOLD ALONG THE PERFORATION, DETACH AND RETURN THE BOTTOM PORTION IN THE ENCLOSED ENVELOPE.

A.    Proposals — The Board recommends a vote FOR all nominees, FOR Proposals 2 and 4, and every EVERY YEAR for Proposal 3.
 
1. Election of Directors: For Withhold     For Withhold       For Withhold  
  [ ] [ ]   02 - Damir S. Skerl [ ] [ ]   03 - George E. Matelich [ ] [ ]  
01 - Joseph P. McCoy
                       
                         
04 - Stanley de J. Osborne
[ ] [ ]   05 - Karl F. Kurz [ ] [ ]            
                           
 
For
Against Abstain     1 Yr 2 Yrs   3 Yrs Abstain      
2. Say on Pay - An advisory vote on the approval of executive compensation.  [ ] [ ] [ ]   3. Say on Frequency - An advisory vote on the approval of the frequency of shareholder votes on executive compensation. [ ] [ ]   [ ] [ ]      
                           
 
For
Against Abstain                    
4. Ratify the appointment of UHY, LLP as our independent registered certified public accounting firm for the 2011 fiscal year. [ ] [ ] [ ]                    
 
B.   Non-Voting Items
 
Change of Address — Please print your new address below.   Comments — Please print your comments below.    Meeting Attendance    
 
 
 
            Mark the box to the right if you plan to attend the Annual Meeting.         
 
C.  Authorized Signatures — This section must be completed for your vote to be counted. — Date and Sign Below
 
Please sign exactly as name(s) appears hereon. Joint owners should each sign. When signing as attorney, executor, administrator, corporate officer, trustee, guardian, or custodian, please give full title.
 
Date (mm/dd/yyyy) — Please print date below.   Signature 1 — Please keep signature within the box.   Signature 2 — Please keep signature within the box.
/                              /  
 
 
 
   
 
 
 

 
2011 Annual Meeting Admission Ticket
 
2011 Annual Meeting of Shareholders
Global Geophysical Services, Inc.
June 8, 2011 - 1:00 p.m. CST
13927 S. Gessner Rd.
Missouri City, Texas 77489
 
Upon arrival, please present this admission ticket
and photo identification at the registration desk.
 
 
Important notice regarding the Internet availability of
proxy materials for the Annual Meeting of shareholders.
 
The Notice of Annual Meeting/Proxy Statement and Annual Report on Form 10K are available at:
www.edocumentview.com/GGS




 
IF YOU HAVE NOT VOTED VIA THE INTERNET OR TELEPHONE, FOLD ALONG THE PERFORATION, DETACH AND RETURN THE BOTTOM PORTION IN THE ENCLOSED ENVELOPE.

 

Proxy - Global Geophysical Services, Inc.

Notice of 2011 Annual Meeting of Shareholders
 
13927 S. Gessner Rd., Missouri City, TX 77489
Proxy Solicited by Board of Directors for Annual Meeting - 2011
 
Christopher P. Graham and Adriana E. Mateescu, or any of them, each with the power of substitution, are hereby authorized to represent and vote the shares of the undersigned, with all the powers which the undersigned would possess if personally present, at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Global Geophysical Services, Inc. to be held on June 8, 2011, or at any postponement or adjournment thereof.
 
Shares represented by this proxy will be voted by the shareholder. If no such directions are indicated, the Proxies will have authority to vote FOR all nominees, FOR Proposals 2 and 4, and EVERY YEAR for Proposal 3.
 
In their discretion, the Proxies are authorized to vote upon such other business as may properly come before the meeting.

 
(Items to be voted appear on reverse side.)
 
EX-1 2 f10k_050211.htm FORM 10-K
 
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
Form 10-K
 
(Mark One)
 
x
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
   
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010
or
 
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
   
For the transition period from            to
 
Commission file number: 001-34709
 
GLOBAL GEOPHYSICAL SERVICES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
05-0574281
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
   
13927 South Gessner Road
Missouri City, Texas
(Address of principal executive offices)
77489
(Zip Code)
 
(Telephone Number) (713) 972-9200
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
 
Common Stock, $0.01 par value
(Title of Each Class)
The New York Stock Exchange
(Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered)
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes o  No x
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes o  No x
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x  No o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes o  No o
 
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large Accelerated filer o
Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer x
(Do not check if a
smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o  No x
 
The aggregate market value of the stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, as of June 30, 2010, computed by reference to the closing sale price of the registrant’s common stock on the NYSE on such date, was $122,087,419.
 
For purposes of this disclosure, shares of common stock held by persons who hold more than 10% of the outstanding shares of common stock and shares held by executive officers and directors of the registrant have been excluded because such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of executive officer or affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.
 
36,479,635 shares of common stock were outstanding as of March 10, 2011.
 
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
 
(1) Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement relating to its 2011 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K where indicated. Such Proxy Statement will be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which this report relates.
 
 
 

 
 

 
GLOBAL GEOPHYSICAL SERVICES, INC.
 
FORM 10-K
 
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2010
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
   
Page
 
 
PART I
 
 
PART II
 
 
PART III
 
 
PART IV
 

 
1

 
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
The Business section and other parts of this Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Form 10-K”) contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Many of the forward-looking statements are located in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Forward-looking statements provide current expectations of future events based on certain assumptions and include any statement that does not directly relate to any historical or current fact. Forward-looking statements can also be identified by words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “predicts,” “projects,” “forecasts,” “may,” “should,” and “probably” and similar terms. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and our actual results may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in the subsection entitled “Risk Factors” under Part I, Item 1A of this Form 10-K, which are incorporated herein by reference. We assume no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements for any reason, except as required by law.
 
References in this Form 10-K to “GGS,” “Global Geophysical,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our” refer to Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and its subsidiaries included in the consolidated financial statements, except as otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires. Our fiscal year ends on December 31, and references herein to “fiscal 2010,” “this year” and “fiscal year 2010” refer to our fiscal year ended December 31, 2010.
 
PART I
 
Item 1.  Business
 
(a)
General Development of Business
 
Our company, Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and its subsidiaries, provide an integrated suite of seismic data solutions to the global oil and gas industry, including our high resolution RG-3D Reservoir Grade™ (“RG3D”) seismic solutions. Our seismic data solutions consist primarily of seismic data acquisition, microseismic monitoring, processing and interpretation services. Through these services, we deliver data that enables the creation of high resolution images of the earth’s subsurface and reveal complex structural and stratigraphic details. These images are used primarily by oil and gas companies to identify geologic structures favorable to the accumulation of hydrocarbons, to reduce risk associated with oil and gas exploration, to optimize well completion techniques and to monitor changes in hydrocarbon reservoirs. We integrate seismic survey design, data acquisition, processing and interpretation to deliver enhanced services to our clients. In addition, we own and market a growing seismic data library and license this data to clients on a non-exclusive basis.
 
Our seismic solutions are used by many of the world’s largest and most technically advanced oil and gas exploration and production companies, including national oil companies (“NOCs”), major integrated oil companies (“IOCs”), and large independent oil and gas companies. We provide seismic data acquisition on a worldwide basis for land, transition zone and shallow marine areas, including challenging environments such as marshes, forests, jungles, arctic climates, mountains and deserts. We also have significant operational experience in most of the major U.S. shale plays, including the Haynesville, Barnett, Bakken, Fayetteville, Eagle Ford and Woodford, where we believe our high resolution RG3D seismic solutions are particularly well-suited.
 
We currently own approximately 162,000 recording channels. Our recording channels and systems are interoperable which provides operational scalability and efficiency. This operational scalability and efficiency enables us to execute on large and technologically complex projects.
 
Our company is a Delaware corporation founded in 2003.
 
Our Strengths
 
We believe that the following strengths provide us with significant competitive advantages:
 
Our high resolution RG3D seismic solutions
 
As a result of our extensive experience designing and implementing seismic data acquisition programs in a variety of environments, and our use of the latest technologies available in the industry, we provide our clients with high resolution seismic data. We have a common technology platform and configured its design in order to perform high channel count seismic data acquisition projects which increase the resolution, or “trace density,” and other advanced attributes of the data. We believe our high resolution RG3D seismic solutions can help our clients more effectively identify and develop oil and gas reserves.
 
2

 
International footprint with extensive experience operating in challenging environments
 
We operate globally in many challenging environments including marshes, forests, jungles, arctic climates, mountains and deserts. Our recent experience includes projects in Mexico, Colombia, Argentina, Chile, Peru, Georgia, Uganda, Algeria, Iraq, Oman and India. In addition, our operations management team has experience operating in over 60 countries. To further extend our footprint and complement our skills, we selectively engage in strategic alliances with foreign partners that enhance our relationships with regional clients, offer commercial and regulatory guidance and provide access to local facilities, equipment and personnel.
 
Operational efficiency and flexibility
 
We manage our crews and projects with a focus on efficiency so that our projects may be completed in less time and at a lower cost, thereby improving our margins. The equipment we employ is an important factor in our success, as our common platform allows us to easily and efficiently allocate components and people to meet specific project objectives while also maximizing utilization. Our operational flexibility also allows us to quickly reallocate our equipment and crews across our global operations in response to our business or client needs. This can be particularly important to our clients who face lease expiration deadlines. In addition, our integrated product offering provides us with flexibility to be responsive to our clients’ specific needs. For example, on a recent project in Algeria, we successfully deployed our advanced processing services directly in the field thereby reducing the time required to deliver processed seismic data to our client.
 
Blue chip client base
 
Members of our management have long-standing relationships with blue chip clients including many NOCs and IOCs. Our large inventory of common technology platform equipment and global operating ability allows us to leverage these relationships throughout the world. Although the terms of our master service agreements with our clients do not guarantee future business, we believe that our status as an approved service provider with numerous industry participants and our past performance with these clients enhances our ability to win new business. Historically our NOC and IOC clients have represented a significant percentage of our revenues.
 
Strong operations management team with extensive industry experience and relationships
 
Our operations management team averages more than 25 years of industry experience in a variety of roles and senior positions at other seismic companies as well as E&P companies. We believe that the knowledge base, experience and relationships that our management team has built over the years extends our operating capabilities, improves the quality of our services, facilitates access to clients and underlies our strong reputation in the industry.
 
Multi-client library
 
We have grown our Multi-client library to over 3,700 square miles as of December 31, 2010 with another 3,500 under commitment which we expect to record during 2011. Our library includes data available to license in the Bakken, Eagle Ford, Niobrara, Haynesville, and Marcellus shale plays. Although the current focus of data licenses to these surveys are the unconventional resources previously noted, we believe the data will be of value as other prospective zones are identified within the same sedimentary column.
 
Our Strategies
 
We intend to continue to use our competitive strengths to advance our corporate strategy. The following are key elements of our strategy:
 
Continue to advance our high resolution RG3D seismic solutions
 
We intend to continue providing our clients with high resolution seismic technology and processing in order to help our clients make more informed decisions regarding their exploration and development programs. We are committed to providing our clients the most advanced technologies in the market. We have made recent investments in the design and development of advanced seismic technology such as land nodal recording systems through our acquisition of RD Seismic, tethered seafloor nodal systems built on RD Seismic nodal technology. Our land nodal recording systems are intended to operate autonomously and record continuously. Our tethered seafloor nodal systems, if successfully developed, are intended to operate in deep water with the goal of providing higher quality and more cost effective data than that provided by
 
 
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alternative methods. In addition, we have invested in multi-component recording equipment which provides additional information compared to standard, single component recording channels. To complement our investment in equipment technology, we will continue to develop and expand our processing and interpretation capabilities, which we believe benefits both our Proprietary Services and Multi-client Services segments.
 
Enhance and expand client relationships
 
We intend to continue enhancing our relationships with our existing clients by seeking to perform services for them in new geographic regions, as well as by continuing to provide the latest technologies and an integrated suite of services. For example, we were awarded a high resolution seismic project in Algeria after successfully completing a project for the same IOC in Oman. Additionally, we intend to build relationships with new clients by continuing to provide high quality service, operational flexibility and higher-end integrated service offerings throughout the world.
 
Expand our Multi-client seismic data library
 
We intend to continue investing in seismic data surveys for our Multi-client seismic data library. Our focus is on oil and gas basins that our clients believe have the highest potential for development.
 
Expand our marine services operations
 
We plan to increase our use of ocean bottom cable and other seafloor recording technologies to extend the application of our high resolution RG3D seismic solutions further into the deep water environment. We are currently investing in the design and development of equipment, including seafloor nodal technology, that, if successful, will combine seismic sensors and data recording technology in a manner that does not require electrical cabling or an external power source.
 
Attract and retain talented, experienced employees
 
Our senior management and employees have an established track record of successfully executing seismic data projects. As we have done since our inception, we intend to continue hiring industry experts with a broad experience base and extensive client relationships. We believe this valuable mix of skills and relationships will continue to improve our service offerings and facilitate our continued growth.
 
Industry Overview
 
Seismic data is acquired by introducing acoustic energy into the earth through controlled seismic energy sources. Seismic energy sources can consist of truck mounted vibration equipment in accessible terrain, explosives such as dynamite in more difficult terrain, or boat mounted air guns in shallow water and marine areas. In environments requiring the use of explosives, shot holes are drilled to the necessary depth and an explosive charge is placed securely in the hole. Vibroseis is a method used to propagate energy signals into the earth over an extended period of time as opposed to the near instantaneous energy provided by impulsive sources such as dynamite. The sound waves created by vibration equipment or dynamite are reflected back to the surface and collected by seismic sensors referred to as “geophones”, which measure ground displacement, or “hydrophones”, which measure pressure waves in marine environments. One or more strategically positioned seismic sensors are connected to a recording channel which transmits the data to a central recording location. Generally speaking, the higher the number of recording channels employed in a given survey, the richer the data set that is produced. A typical project, which in our industry is referred to as a “shoot” or a “seismic shoot”, involves the use of thousands, and sometimes tens of thousands, of channels recording simultaneously over the survey area. Seismic data is used to pinpoint and determine the locations of subsurface features favorable for the collection of hydrocarbons, as well as define the make-up of the sedimentary rock layers and their corresponding fluids.
 
A seismic survey is acquired with a surface geometry—a grid of seismic energy sources and receivers extending over very large areas. The size of this grid varies with and depends on the size, depth and geophysical characteristics of the target to be imaged. The lines must be accurately positioned, so the location of each source and receiver point is obtained using either GPS, inertial, or conventional optical survey methods depending upon the vegetation and environment in the prospect area. Seismic receivers and cables are deployed on the surface of the area being surveyed at regular intervals and patterns to measure, digitize and transmit reflected seismic energy to a set of specialized recording instruments located at a central location. The transportation of cables, geophones and field recording equipment can be by truck, boat or helicopter depending upon the terrain and environment within the area to be imaged.
 
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Two-dimensional (“2D”) seismic data is recorded using straight lines of receivers crossing the earth’s surface, and, once processed, allows geophysicists to only see a profile of the earth. Commercial development of three-dimensional (“3D”) imaging technology began in the early 1980s and was a significant milestone for the industry. 2D seismic data surveys are generally used only to identify gross structural features; 3D seismic data surveys, which provide information continuously through the subsurface volume within the bounds of a survey, have proven effective in providing detailed views of subsurface structures. The increased use of 3D seismic data by the oil and gas industry in the 1980s helped drive significant increases in drilling success rates as better data quality allowed operators to optimize well locations and results. While prior to 1980 all seismic data acquired was 2D, today the vast majority of seismic data acquired is 3D, of which high density 3D is a growing component.
 
More recently the industry has seen the development of four-dimensional (“4D”) imaging technology. Also known as time lapse seismic, 4D seismic data incorporates numerous 3D seismic surveys over the same reservoir at specified intervals of time. 4D seismic data is a production tool that can help determine changes in flow, pressure and saturation. By scanning a reservoir over a given period of time, the flow of the hydrocarbons within can be traced and better understood. This is beneficial because, as hydrocarbons are depleted from a field, the pressure and composition of the fluids may change. Additionally, 4D seismic data can help geologists understand how a reservoir reacts to gas injection or water flooding and can help locate untapped pockets of oil or gas within the reservoir.
 
Multi-component recording equipment outlines both compressional and shear waves given off by a seismic source. The additional data collected through multi-component recording equipment helps to provide geologists and geophysicists a greater understanding of the properties of subsurface structures.
 
Microseismic monitoring consists of data acquisition, processing & analysis and interpretation services associated with the passive seismic energy emitted during the hydraulic fracturing stimulation of oil and natural gas wells. Monitoring and mapping microseismic events better enables our customers to evaluate the effectiveness of their planned hydraulic fracture treatments and associated fracture generation. Continued and coordinated monitoring and mapping efforts can provide an understanding of the interdependency of stimulation effects between wells and aid field development, reservoir management and production optimization.
 
Seismic data processing operations use complex mathematical algorithms to transform seismic data acquired in the field into 2D profiles, or 3D volumes of the earth’s subsurface or 4D time-lapse seismic data. These images are then interpreted by geophysicists and geologists for use by oil and gas companies in evaluating prospective areas, designing horizontal drilling programs, selecting drilling sites and managing producing reservoirs.
 
Seismic data acquisition can be further delineated by the environment of operation as set forth below:
 
Land seismic data acquisition
 
For land applications, geophones are buried, or partially buried, to ensure good coupling with the surface and to reduce wind noise. Burying geophones in the ground is a manual process and may involve anywhere from a few to more than 100 people depending on the size of the seismic crew and the terrain involved. Cables that connect the geophones to the recording system may also be deployed manually, or in some cases, automatically from a vehicle depending on the terrain. The acoustic source for land seismic data acquisition is typically a fleet of large hydraulic vibrator trucks, but may also be explosives detonated in holes drilled for such purposes.
 
On a typical land seismic survey, the seismic recording crew is supported by a surveying crew and a drilling crew. The surveying crew lays out the receiver locations to be recorded and, in a survey using an explosive source, identifies the sites which the drilling crew creates for the explosive charges that produce the necessary acoustical impulse. In other surveys a mechanical vibrating unit, such as a vibrator truck, is used as the seismic energy source. The seismic crew lays out the geophones and recording instruments, directs shooting operations and records the acoustical signal reflected from subsurface strata. A fully staffed seismic land crew typically consists of at least one party manager, one instrument operator, head linesman and crew laborers. The number of individuals on each crew is dependent upon the size and nature of the seismic survey.
 
Transition zone seismic data acquisition
 
In the transition zone area where land and water come together, elements of both land data acquisition and shallow marine data acquisition are employed. Transition zone seismic data acquisition is similar to ocean bottom cable applications in that both hydrophones and geophones are lowered to the ocean floor. However, due to the shallow water depth, only small
 
 
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vessels and manual labor can be used to deploy and retrieve the cables. Additionally, the source vessels and source arrays must be configured to run in shallower water. In transition zone areas consisting of swamps and marshes, explosives must be used as an acoustic source in addition to air guns. Our equipment allows us to record a seamless line from land, through the transition zone, and into the shallow marine environment.
 
Marine seismic data acquisition
 
In deep water environments, large ships typically tow streamer arrays that contain the sensors used to acquire seismic data. In shallow water, the ocean bottom cable method, where cables with attached geophones and hydrophones are placed directly on the bottom, is more common due to superior data quality and the ability of the smaller ships to get into shallower water. In both cases, high-pressure air gun arrays serve as the seismic energy source. We are capable of performing shallow marine surveys in water depths up to approximately 250 feet. We do not participate in towed streamer seismic data acquisition.
 
We believe the following industry trends should benefit our business and provide the basis for our long-term growth:
 
Demand for new energy resources combined with increasing difficulty of locating and producing new oil reserves
 
According to the International Energy Agency, worldwide oil demand is expected to grow by approximately 24% from 2008 to 2030. To meet growing world demand and to offset steep decline rates from existing proved oil resources, significant quantities of new oil reserves must be discovered. Accordingly, exploration and production companies are increasingly required to access reservoirs that are typically smaller, deeper or have other complex characteristics. In addition, existing fields which have previously been shot with older technologies are being re-shot with newer, high resolution seismic technology in connection with efforts to increase their production, identify previously bypassed reserves, and locate new prospective drilling locations.
 
Increased industry focus on unconventional plays, including natural gas shales in North America and internationally
 
Technical advances in horizontal drilling and new well completion techniques have greatly enhanced the ability of oil and gas companies to produce natural gas from unconventional resource plays such as natural gas shales. As a result, domestic shale gas resources have become a significant contributor to recent increases in U.S. natural gas production and reserves. In particular, seismic data is useful in designing horizontal drilling programs to avoid unfavorable geologic drilling textures that may increase drilling costs. Using the experience derived from the development of domestic shales, exploration and production companies have also begun to focus on shale gas resources on a global scale. Because many of these resources are located in areas that have not experienced significant historical oil and gas production, large amounts of new seismic data will be required as companies delineate the extent of shales and evaluate drilling inventories and leasing opportunities. High resolution 3D seismic data, such as that obtained through our RG3D seismic solutions, is also commonly used to formulate and implement completion techniques in shale gas reservoirs.
 
Significant advances in seismic data technologies
 
We believe that recent advances in seismic data equipment, technologies and processing capabilities, such as those that enable our high resolution RG3D seismic solutions, have improved not only the efficiency of seismic data acquisition but also the usefulness of the data provided. We believe that demand for our services will increase as clients become familiar with the benefits of more advanced seismic technologies, including higher density 3D and multi- component seismic data which uses multiple geophones or accelerometers to record all components of reflected acoustic energy. While seismic data historically has been used solely as an exploration tool, higher resolution seismic images are now used in applications such as designing horizontal drilling programs, formulating well completion techniques and for 4D reservoir monitoring.
 
Many large NOCs and IOCs have maintained consistent levels of exploration and production capital expenditures
 
Despite the industry downturn beginning in late 2008, many large and well capitalized oil and gas companies have maintained consistent levels of capital spending. Because large oil and gas development projects can take several years before a field is productive, many large companies take a longer term view of commodity prices in setting capital budgets.
 
 
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(b)           Financial Information about Segments
 
Our company is comprised of two business segments: Proprietary Services and Multi-client Services. The contribution of each business segment to net sales and operating income (loss), as well as, the identifiable assets attributable to each business segment, are set forth in Note 13 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
(c)
Narrative Description of Business
 
Description of Business Segments
 
 
Proprietary Services
 
We provide our clients seismic data acquisition, microseismic monitoring, data processing, and interpretation services. For our seismic data acquisition services, our clients typically request a bid for a seismic survey based on their survey design specifications. In some cases, we are shown a prospect area and asked to propose and bid on a survey of our own design. In other cases, we may be able to propose modifications in the process or scope of a proposed project in ways intended to create value, in which case we are able to propose and bid on an alternative survey design. Once the scope of the work is defined, either we or the client will undertake to obtain the required land access consents and permits. Once the required consents and permits are obtained, we survey the prospect area to determine where the energy sources and receivers would be best located. Our crews then place the geophones and energy sources into position, activate the energy sources, collect the data generated and deliver the data sets to the client. In some cases, data interpretation and processing is included in the total package bid, and in others it is bid separately. Where possible, we seek to combine our seismic data acquisition with processing and interpretation services. Throughout the entire process, we coordinate with our client in an effort to add value at each stage of seismic data acquisition, processing and interpretation. We believe that this integrated offering of seismic data services allows us to sell multiple or bundled services that offer our clients greater value and helps us to capture the highest available margins. During fiscal years 2010, 2009 and 2008 revenues from our Proprietary Services accounted for 47%, 92% and 93% of total revenues respectively. The percentage decrease in 2010 revenues from our Proprietary Services is primarily the result of a percentage increase in 2010 revenues for our Multi-client Services.
 
 
Multi-client Services
 
We also offer seismic data acquisition services in a Multi-client structure, which allows our clients to share the costs of seismic data acquisition. Our Multi-client Services projects differ from our Proprietary Services projects in that we set the specifications of the program (with some input from our clients), generally handle all aspects of the acquisition, from permitting to processing, and maintain ownership of the seismic data and associated rights after the project is completed, including any revenue stream.
 
We include the seismic data sets that we have acquired through our Multi- client shoots in our seismic data library. The seismic data sets are then licensed to clients on a non-exclusive basis. Our seismic data licenses are typically transferable only under limited circumstances and only upon payment to us of a specified transfer fee. Substantially all costs directly incurred in acquiring, processing and otherwise completing seismic surveys are capitalized into the Multi-client surveys.
 
In addition to acquiring seismic data sets through our Multi-client seismic shoots, in certain cases we will grant a non-exclusive license to a specific seismic data set to a client in exchange for ownership of complementary proprietary seismic data held by that client.
 
We believe that offering seismic data acquisition services in a Multi-client structure and licensing the data from our library is not only an effective business strategy in times of high capital spending, but also during times of industry-wide reductions in capital expenditures. The efficiencies we create by acquiring Multi-client seismic surveys allow oil and gas exploration companies to acquire seismic data at a lower cost and with less risk. We avoid significant speculative risk by targeting pre-commitments of approximately 80% of our estimated investment in a portfolio. During fiscal years 2010, 2009 and 2008 revenues from our Multi-client Services accounted for 53%, 8% and 7% of total revenues respectively.
 
Description of Segment Status
 
In October 2010, we purchased the assets of RD Seismic, LLC which included the High Definition Recorder (“HDR”), a small footprint, lightweight, autonomous nodal land seismic data recorder that we believe represents a new benchmark for data quality and operational efficiency. We expect to put the first 10,000 channels into service in the first half of 2011. Additionally, we plan to increase our use of ocean bottom cable and nodal seafloor recording technologies under development to extend the application of our high resolution RG3D seismic solutions further into the deep water environment.
 
 
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For the year ended December 31, 2010 we invested approximately $3.0 million in the purchase of technology, design, and development of equipment, including land and seafloor nodal technology. We believe that such investments in land nodal and deeper water marine technologies will benefit both our Proprietary Services and Multi-client Services segments.
 
Sources and Availability of Equipment
 
We currently purchase a majority of our recording equipment from Sercel, Inc. Pursuant to a volume purchasing agreement, Sercel has agreed to provide us with most-favored client pricing on our recording equipment purchases. In addition, Sercel is our preferred supplier of conventional land or transition zone data acquisition equipment. The parent company of Sercel is one of our competitors. If competitive pressures were to become such that Sercel would no longer sell to us, we would have to source equipment from an increasingly competitive marketplace. If the HDR technology, which we own, is not successful, there are currently only three other manufacturers from whom we could purchase replacement equipment. Accordingly, it is uncertain if equipment that we use would be available. In addition, we obtain our seismic vibrator equipment from INOVA Geophysical, a 51% - 49% joint venture between BGP, a competitor and wholly owned subsidiary of China National Petroleum Company, and ION Geophysical Corporation.
 
Patents and Trademarks
 
We own or have licenses under patents and registered trademarks which are used in connection with our activity in all business segments. Some of the patents or licenses cover significant processes used to provide our services. The trademarks are important to the overall marketing and branding of our business. All of our trademarks are registered.
 
Seasonal Variation in Business
 
In North America, we generally have our highest utilization rates in the cooler months when the weather is more favorable for seismic data acquisition. Our operations can also be impacted by the Atlantic hurricane season from the months of June through November.
 
In addition, our operations in the Asia-Pacific region are impacted by the monsoon season, which moves across the region between September and early March. Accordingly, the results of any one quarter are not necessarily indicative of annual results or continuing trends.
 
Customer Base
 
For fiscal year 2010, a NOC represented 16% of our total sales. No other customers represent more than 10% of our sales. In 2010, we had 36 customers that each represented more than $1 million in revenue. Three customers each represented more than 10% of our Proprietary Services segment revenue at 34%, 20%, and 13%, respectively. Only one customer represented more than 10% of Multi-client Services segment revenue at 17%. By the nature of our business, it is common for our top customers to change from year to year.
 
Backlog
 
Our backlog represents contracts for services that have been entered into but which have not yet been completed. At December 31, 2010, we had a backlog of work to be completed on contracts of approximately $265 million. Of this amount, approximately $115 million is international and $150 million is domestic. At December 31, 2009, we had a backlog of work to be completed on contracts of approximately $153 million. The increase in backlog is primarily the result of an increased demand for Proprietary Services internationally and in increase in demand for Multi-client Services in the United States. Due to the timing of our contracts and the long-term nature of some of our projects, portions of our backlog may not be completed in the fiscal year 2011. Most projects we perform can be completed in a short period of time, typically several months. Larger projects may take a year or more to be completed. Generally, mobilization starts shortly after the signing of the contract. Additionally, contracts for services are occasionally modified by mutual consent of the parties and in many instances may be cancelled by the customer on short notice without penalty. As a result, along with projects extending beyond fiscal year 2011, our backlog as of any particular date may not be indicative of our actual operating results for any succeeding fiscal period.
 
 
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Government Contracts
 
Not applicable.
 
Service Contracts
 
Our seismic data acquisition contracts generally provide for payment for mobilization, data acquisition and demobilization. Mobilization payments are intended to cover, or partially offset, the costs of moving equipment and personnel to a new job location. Demobilization payments are intended to cover, or partially offset, the costs of returning equipment and personnel from the job location.
 
Seismic data acquisition is generally paid for on a turnkey or term rate (also referred to as “day-rate”) basis or on a combination of both methods. A turnkey contract provides for a fixed fee to be paid per square mile of data acquired. Term rate contracts provide for payments based on agreed rates per units of time, which are typically expressed in number of days. Our contracts generally contain provisions that require our clients to pay a standby rate for periods during which a project is delayed. However, these provisions may not cover all instances of delay, or may be limited in duration.
 
Our contracts generally permit our clients to terminate a contract upon payment of an early termination fee plus the demobilization fee for an early termination that occurs after we mobilize to the job. Our contracts generally provide for a lesser fee if a client elects to terminate before we have mobilized.
 
Our international agreements generally require arbitration for contract dispute resolution. We endeavor to have these international arbitrations conducted in London under English law and in English. We have been generally successful in obtaining such provisions, except in contracts for services in Latin America which tend to require arbitration in the local country and in Spanish.
 
Most of our contracts provide for payment in U.S. dollars. Often we elect to receive a portion of a contract payment in the local currency for use in paying local payroll and other local expenses
 
Competitive Conditions
 
Seismic data services for the oil and gas industry have historically been highly competitive. Success in marketing seismic services is based on several factors, including price, crew experience, equipment availability, technological expertise, reputation for quality and dependability.
 
We consider our principal competitors to be Bureau of Geophysical Prospecting Limited (“BGP”—a subsidiary of Chinese National Petroleum Corporation), Compagnie Générale de Géophysique-Veritas (“CGGVeritas”), Dawson Geophysical Company, Geophysical Pursuit Inc., Geokinetics Inc., Petroleum Geo-Services ASA (“PGS”), Seismic Exchange Inc., Seitel Inc., TGC Industries Inc., and WesternGeco (a business segment of Schlumberger).
 
Environmental Disclosures and Regulation
 
Our operations are subject to a variety of federal, state and local laws and regulations governing various aspects of our operations. Our use of explosives is regulated in the United States by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, which has issued us a license to use explosives. We are also subject to certain environmental laws regarding removal and clean-up of materials that may harm the environment. In countries outside the United States, we are subject to similar requirements, and also rely on customer requirements and industry guidelines either in addition to or in lieu of applicable legal requirements. We believe we conduct our operations in substantial compliance with applicable laws and regulations governing our business.
 
We developed our Health, Safety, Environment and Quality (“HSEQ”) Management System in accordance with the guidelines of the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (“OGP”), as set forth in OGP Report Number 210, “Guidelines for the Development and Application of Health, Safety and Environmental Management Systems”. Our HSEQ Management System describes how we manage health and safety risk, process risk, environmental matters relating to our business, including the impact our operations may have on the communities in which we operate and our relationships with customers, contractors and suppliers. We have designed our HSEQ Management System to complement our clients’ HSEQ management systems so that we may achieve a seamless structure for managing projects.
 
 
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Employees
 
Our senior management and employees have an established track record of successfully executing seismic data projects. As we have done since our inception, we intend to continue hiring industry experts with a broad experience base and extensive client relationships. We believe this valuable mix of skills and relationships will continue to improve our service offerings and facilitate our continued growth. As of December 31, 2010, we had 1,667 employees serving in various capacities.
 
(d)
Financial Information about Domestic and Foreign Operations
 
Sales within the United States accounted for approximately 57% of our total sales in 2010. Operations outside the United States are generally characterized by the same conditions discussed in the description of the business above and may also be affected by additional factors including changing currency values, different rates of inflation, economic growth and political and economic uncertainties and disruptions. Our sales by geography for the three years ended December 31 were as follows:
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
United States
    57 %     58 %     41 %
Latin America(1)
    30 %     13 %     28 %
Europe, Africa, Middle East (EAME)(2)
    3 %     13 %     20 %
Asia Pacific(3)
    10 %     16 %     11 %
 
       
The following countries represent 10% or greater of our revenues:
 
 
(1)
Colombia for 2010 and 2009.
 
 
(2)
Algeria for 2008.
 
 
(3)
India for 2010, 2009 and 2008.
 
Revenues and assets within the United States and internationally for the fiscal years ended December 31 were as follows:
 
   
Revenues
   
Assets
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
   
(in millions)
 
United States
    145.7       180.1       152.7       303.1       209.8       189.7  
International
    109.0       132.7       223.6       110.2       106.8       139.9  
 
(e)
Available Information
 
We file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to those reports, proxy statements and registration statements. You may read and copy any material we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE., Washington, DC 20549. You may also obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains an internet site at http://www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers, including us, that file electronically.
 
All of our reports and materials filed with the SEC, are available free of charge through our website, http://www.globalgeophysical.com/, as soon as reasonably practical, after we have electronically filed such material with the SEC. Information about our Board Members, Board’s Standing Committee Charters, and Code of Business Conduct and Ethics are also available, free of charge, through our website. We reserve the right to satisfy the disclosure requirement under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding an amendment to, or a waiver from, a provision of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to the principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller or persons performing similar functions and that relates to any element of the code of ethics definition enumerated in Item 406(b) of Regulations S-K (17 CFR 228.406(b)), by posting such amendment or waiver on our website within four business days following the date of the amendment or waiver. The contents of our website are not, however, a part of this Form 10-K.
 
 
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Item 1A.  Risk Factors
 
The following discussion of risk factors contains “forward-looking statements,” as discussed immediately preceding Item 1A. of this Form 10-K. These risk factors may be important to understanding any statement in this Form 10-K or elsewhere. The risk factors should also be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis, and the consolidated financial statements and related notes incorporated by reference in this Form 10-K. Because of the following risk factors, as well as other factors affecting our financial condition and operating results, past financial performance should not be considered to be a reliable indicator of future performance, and investors should not use historical trends to anticipate results or trends in future periods.
 
Risks Related to Our Business
 
Our results of operations could be materially adversely affected by economic conditions.
 
Prices for oil and natural gas have been volatile. During the most recent period of depressed commodity prices, many oil and gas exploration and production companies significantly reduced their levels of capital spending, including amounts dedicated to the purchase of seismic data services. Historically, demand for our services has depended significantly on the level of exploration spending by oil and gas companies. A return of depressed commodity prices, or a decline in existing commodity prices or other economic factors, could materially adversely affect demand for the services we provide, and therefore affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
 
Industry spending on our services is subject to rapid and material change.
 
Our clients’ willingness to explore, develop and produce depends largely upon prevailing industry conditions that are influenced by numerous factors over which our management has no control, such as:
 
 
demand for oil and natural gas, especially in the United States, China and India;
 
 
the ability of oil and gas exploration and production companies to generate funds or otherwise obtain external capital for exploration, development, construction and production operations;
 
 
the sale and expiration dates of leases in the United States and overseas;
 
 
domestic and foreign tax policies;
 
 
the cost of exploring for, developing, producing and delivering oil and natural gas;
 
 
the expected rates of declining current production;
 
 
the availability and discovery rates of new oil and gas reserves;
 
 
technical advances affecting energy exploration, production, transportation and consumption;
 
 
weather conditions, including hurricanes and monsoons that can affect oil and gas operations over a wide area as well as less severe inclement weather that can preclude or delay seismic data acquisition;
 
 
political instability in oil and gas producing countries;
 
 
government and other organizational policies, including those of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, regarding the exploration, production and development of oil and gas reserves;
 
 
the ability of oil and gas producers to raise equity capital and debt financing; and
 
 
merger and divestiture activity among oil and gas producers.

 
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        In addition, increases in oil and natural gas prices may not have a positive effect on our financial condition or results of operations. Although demand for our services may decrease when depressed economic conditions are present, including lower oil and natural gas prices, the reverse is not necessarily true due to the factors listed in this Form 10-K as well as other factors beyond our control.
 
Our revenues are subject to fluctuations that are beyond our control, which could adversely affect our results of operations in any financial period.
 
Our operating results may vary in material respects from quarter to quarter and may continue to do so in the future. Factors that cause variations include the timing of the receipt and commencement of contracts for seismic data acquisition, processing or interpretation and clients’ budgetary cycles, both of which are beyond our control. Furthermore, in any given period, we could have idle crews which result in a significant portion of our revenues, cash flows and earnings coming from a relatively small number of crews. Additionally, due to location, service line or particular project, some of our individual crews may achieve results that are a significant percentage of our consolidated operating results. Should one or more of these crews experience significant changes in timing, our financial results could be subject to significant variations from period to period. Combined with our high fixed costs, these revenue fluctuations could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in any fiscal period.
 
Our working capital needs are difficult to forecast and may vary significantly, which could require us to seek additional financing that we may not be able to obtain on satisfactory terms, or at all.
 
Our working capital needs are difficult to predict with certainty. This difficulty is due primarily to working capital requirements related to our seismic data services where our revenues vary in material respects as a result of, among other things, the timing of our projects, our clients’ budgetary cycles and our receipt of payment. We may therefore be subject to significant and rapid increases in our working capital needs that could require us to seek additional financing sources. Restrictions in our debt agreements may impair our ability to obtain other sources of financing, and access to additional sources of financing may not be available on terms acceptable to us, or at all.
 
We face intense competition in our business that could result in downward pricing pressure and the loss of market share.
 
Competition among seismic contractors historically has been, and likely will continue to be, intense. Competitive factors have in recent years included price, crew experience, equipment availability, technological expertise and reputation for quality and dependability. We also face increasing competition from nationally owned companies in various international jurisdictions that operate under less significant financial constraints than those we experience. Many of our competitors have greater financial and other resources, more clients, greater market recognition and more established relationships and alliances in the industry than we do. They and other competitors may be better positioned to withstand and adjust more quickly to volatile market conditions, such as fluctuations in oil and natural gas prices and production levels, as well as changes in government regulations. Additionally, the seismic data acquisition business is extremely price competitive and has a history of protracted periods of months or years where seismic contractors under financial duress bid jobs at unattractive pricing levels and therefore adversely affect industry pricing. Competition from these and other competitors could result in downward pricing pressure, which could adversely affect our EBITDA margins, and the loss of market share.
 
We have had losses in the past and there is no assurance of our profitability for the future.
 
Following the precipitous decline in oil and natural gas prices beginning in 2008, we recorded a net loss for the year ending December 31, 2008 of $8.0 million. Although we showed a net profit of $0.4 million in 2009, we experienced a net loss in 2010 of $39.7 million. We cannot assure you that we will be profitable in future periods.
 
We have supply arrangements with a limited number of key suppliers, the loss of any one of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, our supply agreement with Sercel, Inc., under which we purchase the majority of our recording equipment on “most favored client” terms, expires in 2013.
 
Historically, we have purchased substantially all of our seismic data acquisition equipment from two key suppliers, Sercel, Inc. (“Sercel”) and ION Geophysical Corporation (“ION”). If either of our key suppliers discontinues operations or otherwise refuses to honor its supply arrangements with us, we may be required to enter into agreements with alternative suppliers on terms less favorable to us, which could result in increased product costs and longer delivery lead times.
 
 
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Under its supply agreement with us, Sercel is obligated to sell to us recording equipment at prices and on terms at least as favorable as those made available to its other customers who purchase similar volumes of like equipment. This agreement expires in 2013. If Sercel declined to extend this agreement beyond 2013, or otherwise did not offer to sell such equipment to us on “most favored client” terms, the cost to us of additional or replacement recording equipment could increase significantly. The loss of any of our key suppliers, or our failure to renew or extend our existing supply agreement with Sercel, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
 
In addition, ongoing patent litigation between Sercel and ION could impact our ability to obtain and use seismic equipment and parts in the future. We are currently assessing the impact of the Sercel—ION litigation on our business, but it is difficult to assess its full impact until a final resolution of the litigation is achieved.
 
Key suppliers or their affiliates may compete with us.
 
A number of seismic equipment manufacturers are affiliated with or are otherwise controlled by our competitors. We currently purchase a majority of our recording equipment from Sercel, a subsidiary of one of our competitors, CGGVeritas. In addition, we purchase seismic vibrator equipment manufactured by a joint venture between ION and BGP, which is a competitor of ours. There are a limited number of companies which manufacture this equipment in addition to Sercel and ION. If either of Sercel or ION choose to no longer sell this equipment to us, or to no longer sell such equipment to us on commercially reasonable terms, whether as a result of competitive pressures or otherwise, we may be required to use less suitable replacement equipment which could impair our ability to execute our business solutions for customers.
 
We are dependent upon a small number of significant clients. Additionally, from time to time a significant portion of our revenues are generated by a single project.
 
We derive a significant amount of our revenues from a small number of oil and gas exploration and development companies. During the year ended December 31, 2010, we had one client which accounted for more than 10% of our revenues. While our revenues are derived from a concentrated client base, our significant clients may vary between years. If we lose one or more major clients in the future, or if one or more clients encounter financial difficulties, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
 
Additionally, from time to time, a significant portion of our revenues are generated by a single project. Our dependence from time to time on a single project for a significant percentage of our revenues may result in significant variability of our earnings from period to period as these projects are completed.
 
We cannot assure you that NOC and IOC clients will continue to generate the majority, or even a significant percentage, of our revenue. Smaller or less well capitalized oil and gas exploration and production companies may be forced to reduce their budgets for seismic data acquisition services in periods of depressed or declining commodity prices. Our dependence on customers other than NOCs and IOCs for the majority of our revenue could expose us to greater earnings volatility.
 
Historically, our NOC and IOC clients have represented a significant percentage of our revenues. Smaller or less well capitalized oil and gas exploration and production companies may be required to sharply reduce their expenditures for seismic data acquisition services in periods of depressed or declining commodity prices. Our dependence on customers other than NOCs and IOCs for the majority of our revenue could expose us to greater earnings volatility.
 
Revenues derived from our projects may not be sufficient to cover our costs of completing those projects. As a result, our results of operations may be adversely affected.
 
Our revenues are determined, in part, by the price we receive for our services, the productivity of our crew and the accuracy of our cost estimates. Our crew’s productivity is partly a function of external factors, such as seasonal variations in the length of days, weather, including the onset of monsoons, difficult terrain and marine environments, and third party delays, over which we have no control. In addition, cost estimates for our projects may be inadequate due to unknown factors associated with the work to be performed and market conditions, resulting in cost over-runs. If our crew encounters operational difficulties or delays, or if we have not correctly priced our services, our results of operation may vary, and in some cases, may be adversely affected. We have in the past experienced cost over-runs that caused the cost from a particular project to exceed the revenues from that project and cannot assure you that this will not happen again.
 
Many of our projects are performed on a turnkey basis where a defined amount and scope of work is provided by us for a fixed price and extra work, which is subject to client approval, is billed separately. The revenue, cost and gross profit realized on a turnkey contract can vary from our estimated amount because of changes in job conditions, variations in labor
 
 
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and equipment productivity from the original estimates, and the performance of subcontractors. Turnkey contracts may also cause us to bear substantially all of the risks of business interruption caused by weather delays and other hazards. These variations, delays and risks inherent in billing clients at a fixed price may result in us experiencing reduced profitability or losses on projects.
 
From time to time we experience disputes with our clients relating to the amounts we invoice for our services, particularly with respect to billings relating to standby time. The exercise of remedies against clients in connection with our collection efforts could negatively affect our ability to secure future business from those clients.
 
Our contracts for seismic data acquisition services typically include provisions that require payment to us at a reduced rate for a limited amount of time if we are unable to record seismic data as a result of weather conditions or certain other factors outside our control, including delays caused by our clients. From time to time we experience disputes with our clients relating to the amounts we invoice for our services. For example, as of December 31, 2010, we had disputes with certain customers which relate to charges for our services. The exercise of our contractual remedies against these or other clients in connection with our collection efforts could negatively affect our relationship with these clients, and could result in the loss of future business which in turn could negatively affect our earnings in future periods.
 
Technological change in our business creates risks of technological obsolescence and requirements for future capital expenditures. If we are unable to continue investing in, or otherwise acquire, the latest technology, we may not be able to compete effectively.
 
The development of seismic data acquisition, processing and interpretation equipment has been characterized by rapid technological advancements in recent years and we expect this trend to continue. Manufacturers of seismic equipment may develop new systems that have competitive advantages relative to systems now in use that either renders the equipment we currently use obsolete or require us to make substantial capital expenditures to maintain our competitive position. Additionally, a number of seismic equipment manufacturers are affiliated with or are otherwise controlled by our competitors. If any such equipment manufacturer developed new equipment or systems and, for competitive reasons or otherwise, declined to sell such equipment or systems to us, we could be placed at a competitive disadvantage. In order to remain competitive, we must continue to invest additional capital to maintain, upgrade and expand our seismic data acquisition capabilities. In addition to our continuing investment in seismic data acquisition equipment from third party suppliers, we are also currently investing in the design and development of our own land and sea floor nodal technology. However, we may not be successful in developing and deploying this technology in a manner that is technologically or commercially viable. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capital Expenditures.”
 
Seismic data acquisition equipment is expensive and our ability to operate and expand our business operations is dependent upon the availability of internally generated cash flow and financing alternatives. Such financing may consist of bank or commercial debt, equity or debt securities or any combination thereof. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in obtaining sufficient capital to upgrade and expand our current operations through cash from operations or additional financing or other transactions if and when required on terms acceptable to us.
 
If we do not effectively manage our transitions into new products and services, our revenues may suffer.
 
Products and services for the seismic industry are characterized by rapid technological advances in hardware performance, software functionality and features, frequent introduction of new products and services, and improvement in price characteristics relative to product and service performance. Among the risks associated with the introduction of new products and services are delays in development or manufacturing, variations in costs, delays in customer purchases or reductions in price of existing products in anticipation of new introductions, write-offs or write-downs of the carrying costs of assets associated with prior generation products, difficulty in predicting customer demand for new product and service offerings and effectively managing inventory levels so that they are in line with anticipated demand, risks associated with customer qualification, evaluation of new products, and the risk that new products may have quality or other defects or may not be supported adequately by application software. The introduction of new products and services by our competitors also may result in delays in customer purchases and difficulty in predicting customer demand. If we do not make an effective transition from existing products and services to future offerings, our revenues and margins may decline.
 
Furthermore, sales of our new products and services may replace sales, or result in discounting, of some of our current offerings, offsetting the benefit of a successful new product introduction. In addition, it may be difficult to ensure performance of new products and services in accordance with our revenue, margin, and cost estimates and to achieve operational efficiencies embedded in our estimates. Given the competitive nature of the seismic industry, if any of these risks materialize, the future demand for our products and services, and our future results of operations, may suffer.
 
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We are exposed to risks related to complex, highly technical products.
 
Our customers often require demanding specifications for product performance and reliability. Because many of our products are complex and often use unique advanced components, processes, technologies, and techniques, undetected errors and design and manufacturing flaws may occur. Even though we attempt to assure that our systems perform reliably in the field, the many technical variables related to their operations can cause a combination of factors that may, and from time to time have, caused performance and service issues with certain of our products. Product defects result in higher product service, warranty, and replacement costs and may affect our customer relationships and industry reputation, all of which may adversely impact our results of operations. Despite our testing and quality assurance programs, undetected errors may not be discovered until the product is purchased and used by a customer in a variety of field conditions. If our customers deploy our new products and they do not work correctly, our relationship with our customers may be materially and adversely affected.
 
Our backlog estimates are based on certain assumptions and are subject to unexpected adjustments and cancellations and thus may not be timely converted to revenues in any particular fiscal period, if at all, or be indicative of our actual operating results for any future period.
 
Our backlog estimates represent those seismic data acquisition projects for which a client has executed a contract and has a scheduled start date for the project as well as unrecognized pre-committed funding from our Multi-client Services segment. Backlog estimates are based on a number of assumptions and estimates including assumptions related to foreign exchange rates and proportionate performance of contracts and our valuation of assets, such as seismic data, to be received by us as payment under certain agreements. The realization of our backlog estimates is further affected by our performance under term rate contracts, as the early or late completion of a project under term rate contracts will generally result in decreased or increased, as the case may be, revenues derived from these projects. Contracts for services are also occasionally modified by mutual consent. Because of potential changes in the scope or schedule of our clients’ projects, we cannot predict with certainty when or if our backlog will be realized. Even where a project proceeds as scheduled, it is possible that the client may default and fail to pay amounts owed to us. In addition, the contracts in our backlog are cancelable by the client. Material delays, payment defaults or cancellations could reduce the amount of backlog currently reported, and consequently, could inhibit the conversion of that backlog into revenues.
 
We have invested, and expect to continue to invest, significant amounts of money in acquiring and processing seismic data for Multi-client surveys and for our seismic data library without knowing precisely how much of this seismic data we will be able to sell or when and at what price we will be able to sell such data.
 
Multi-client surveys and the resulting seismic data library are an increasingly important part of our business and our future investments. We invest significant amounts of money in acquiring and processing seismic data that we own. By making such investments, we are exposed to the following risks:
 
 
We may not fully recover our costs of acquiring, processing and interpreting seismic data through future sales. The amounts of these data sales are uncertain and depend on a variety of factors, many of which are beyond our control.
 
 
The timing of these sales is unpredictable and can vary greatly from period to period. The costs of each survey are capitalized and then amortized over the expected useful life of the data. This amortization will affect our earnings and when combined with the sporadic nature of sales, will result in increased earnings volatility.
 
 
Regulatory changes that affect companies’ ability to drill, either generally or in a specific location where we have acquired seismic data, could materially adversely affect the value of the seismic data contained in our library. Technology changes could also make existing data sets obsolete. Additionally, each of our individual surveys has a limited book life based on its location and oil and gas companies’ interest in prospecting for reserves in such location, so a particular survey may be subject to a significant decline in value beyond our initial estimates.
 
 
The value of our Multi-client data could be significantly adversely affected if any material adverse change occurs in the general prospects for oil and gas exploration, development and production activities.
 
 
The cost estimates upon which we base our pre-commitments of funding could be wrong, which could result in losses that have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results or operations.

 
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Pre-commitments of funding are subject to the creditworthiness of our clients. In the event that a client refuses or is unable to pay its commitment, we could lose a material amount of money.
 
 
If our clients significantly increase their preference toward licensing seismic data from Multi-client data libraries, we may not have the appropriate existing data library assets to be able to obtain permits and access rights to geographic areas of interest from which to record such data, or make appropriate levels of investment in the creation of new data library assets to support our business strategy.
 
Any reduction in the market value of such data will require us to write down its recorded value, which could have a significant material adverse effect on our results of operations.
 
Our operations are subject to delays related to obtaining land access rights from third parties which could affect our results of operations.
 
Our seismic data acquisition operations could be adversely affected by our inability to timely obtain access to both public and private land included within a seismic survey. We cannot begin surveys on property without obtaining permits from certain governmental entities as well as the permission of the parties who have rights to the land being surveyed. In recent years, it has become more difficult, costly and time-consuming to obtain access rights as drilling activities have expanded into more populated areas. Additionally, while land owners generally are cooperative in granting access rights, some have become more resistant to seismic and drilling activities occurring on their property and stall or refuse to grant these rights for various reasons. In our Multi-client Services segment, we acquire data sets pertaining to large areas of land. Consequently, if we do not obtain land access rights from a specific land owner, we may not be able to provide a complete survey for that area. The failure to redact or remove the seismic information relating to mineral interests held by non-consenting third parties could result in claims against us for seismic trespass. In addition, governmental entities do not always grant permits within the time periods expected. Delays associated with obtaining such permits and significant omissions from a survey as a result of the failure to obtain consents could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
 
We operate under hazardous conditions that subject us and our employees to risk of damage to property or personal injury and limitations on our insurance coverage may expose us to potentially significant liability costs.
 
Our activities are often conducted in dangerous environments and under hazardous conditions, including the detonation of dynamite. Operating in such environments and under such conditions carries with it inherent risks, such as damage to or loss of human life or equipment, as well as the risk of downtime or reduced productivity resulting from equipment failures caused by such adverse operating environment. These risks could cause us to experience equipment losses, injuries to our personnel and interruptions in our business. We cannot assure you that our insurance will be sufficient or adequate to cover all losses or liabilities or that insurance will continue to be available to us or available to us on acceptable terms. A successful claim for which we are not fully insured, or which exceeds the policy limits of our applicable insurance could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition. Moreover, we do not carry business interruption insurance with respect to our operations.
 
Our agreements with our clients may not adequately protect us from unforeseen events or address all issues that could arise with our clients. The occurrence of unforeseen events not adequately addressed in the contracts could result in increased liability, costs and expenses associated with any given project.
 
With many of our clients we enter into master service agreements which allocate certain operational risks. Despite the inclusion of risk allocation provisions in our agreements, our operations may be affected by a number of events that are unforeseen or not within our control. We cannot assure you that our agreements will adequately protect us from each possible event. If an event occurs which we have not contemplated or otherwise addressed in our agreement, we, and not our client, will likely bear the increased cost or liability. To the extent our agreements do not adequately address these and other issues, or we are not able to successfully resolve resulting disputes, we may incur increased liability, costs and expenses.
 
Weather may adversely affect our ability to conduct business.
 
Our seismic data acquisition operations could be adversely affected by inclement weather conditions. Delays associated with weather conditions could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. For example, weather delays focused on a particular project or region could lengthen the time to complete the project, resulting in decreased margins to us. Our operations in or near the Gulf of Mexico may be subject to stoppages for hurricanes. In addition, our operations in the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal are subject to stoppages for monsoons. Accordingly, the results of any one quarter are not necessarily indicative of annual results or continuing trends.
 
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We may be held liable for the actions of our subcontractors.
 
We often work as the general contractor on seismic data acquisition surveys and consequently engage a number of subcontractors to perform services and provide products. There can be no assurance we will not be held liable for the actions of these subcontractors. In addition, subcontractors may cause damage or injury to our personnel and property that is not fully covered by insurance.
 
Current or future distressed financial conditions of clients could have an adverse effect on us in the event these clients are unable to pay us for our services.
 
Some of our clients are experiencing, or may experience in the future, severe financial problems that have had or may have a significant effect on their creditworthiness. We generally do not require that our clients make advance payments or otherwise collateralize their payment obligations. We cannot provide assurance that one or more of our financially distressed clients will not default on their payment obligations to us or that such a default or defaults will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Furthermore, the bankruptcy of one or more of our clients, or other similar proceeding or liquidity constraint, will reduce the amounts we can expect to recover, if any, with respect to amounts owed to us by such party. In addition, such events might force those clients to reduce or curtail their future use of our products and services, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
 
The high fixed costs of our operations could result in operating losses.
 
We are subject to high fixed costs which primarily consist of depreciation, maintenance expenses associated with our seismic data acquisition, processing and interpretation equipment and certain crew costs. Because substantially all of our equipment is new or nearly new, we believe that our depreciation expense relative to our revenues is higher than that of many of our competitors. Extended periods of significant downtime or low productivity caused by reduced demand, weather interruptions, equipment failures, permit delays or other causes could reduce our profitability and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations because we will not be able to reduce our fixed costs as fast as revenues decline.
 
Our results of operations could be adversely affected by goodwill or long-lived asset impairments.
 
We periodically review our portfolio of equipment for impairment. A prolonged downturn could affect the carrying value of our goodwill and require us to recognize a loss. If we expect significant sustained decreases in oil and natural gas prices in the future, we may be required to write down the value of our equipment if the future cash flows anticipated to be generated from the related equipment falls below net book value. A decline in oil and natural gas prices, if sustained, can result in future impairments. In addition, changes in industry conditions, such as changes in applicable laws and regulations, could affect the usefulness of our Multi-client seismic data library to oil and gas companies, thereby requiring us to write down the value of our seismic data library. If we are forced to write down the value of our assets, these non-cash asset impairments could negatively affect our results of operations in the period in which they are recorded. See discussions of “Impairment of Long-lived Assets” included in “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” and “Goodwill” included in Note 2 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.”
 
We are subject to compliance with stringent environmental laws and regulations that may expose us to significant costs and liabilities.
 
Our operations are subject to stringent federal, provincial, state and local environmental laws and regulations in the United States and foreign jurisdictions relating to environmental protection. In our business, we use explosives and certain other regulated hazardous materials that are subject to such regulation. These laws and regulations may impose numerous obligations that are applicable to our operations including:
 
 
the acquisition of permits before commencing regulated activities;
 
 
the limitation or prohibition of seismic activities in environmentally sensitive or protected areas such as wetlands or wilderness areas;
 
 
restrictions pertaining to the management and operation of our vehicles and equipment; and
 
 
licensing requirements for our personnel handling explosives and other regulated hazardous materials.

 
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         Numerous governmental authorities, such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”), the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (“BATFE”), the Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”) and analogous state agencies in the United States and governmental bodies with control over environmental matters in foreign jurisdictions, have the power to enforce compliance with these laws and regulations and any licenses and permits issued under them, oftentimes requiring difficult and costly actions. In addition, failure to comply with these laws, regulations and permits may result in the assessment of administrative, civil and criminal penalties, the imposition of obligations to investigate and/or remediate contaminations, and the issuance of injunctions limiting or preventing some or all of our operations.
 
                We invest extensive financial and management resources to comply with these laws and related licensing and permitting requirements, and we believe that the regulatory environment for the oil and natural gas industry and related service providers is likely to become more burdensome and time consuming than it ever has been before. Over the last year, permitting authorities have begun requiring us to comply with standards that have never before applied to seismic companies. As further discussed below, some proposed regulations would inhibit the use of hydraulic fracturing in connection with the drilling of wells, which is a crucial part in recovering economic amounts of hydrocarbons from shale plays, which represent a significant opportunity for us. If oil and natural gas companies face regulation that makes drilling for resources uneconomic, the demand for our services may be adversely affected. In addition, the ongoing revision of such environmental laws and regulations, sometimes as a direct result of particular economic, political, or social events, makes it difficult for seismic data acquisition companies to predict future costs or the impact of such laws and regulations on future projects. As a result, we could incur capital and operating expenses, as well as compliance costs, beyond those anticipated which could adversely affect our future operations.
 
There is inherent risk of incurring significant environmental costs and liabilities in our operations due to our controlled storage, use and disposal of explosives. In the event of an accident, we could be held liable for any damages that result or we could be penalized with fines, and any liability could exceed the limits of or fall outside our insurance coverage.
 
Current and future legislation relating to climate change and hydraulic fracturing may negatively impact the exploration and production of oil and gas, and implicitly the demand for our products and services.
 
Our company along with other seismic data acquisition companies may be affected by new environmental legislation intended to limit or reduce increased emissions of gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane from the burning of fossil fuels (oil, gas and coal), which may be a contributing factor to climate change. The European Union has already established greenhouse gas (“GHGs”) regulations, and many other countries, including the United States, are in the process of enacting similar regulations. This could cause us to incur additional direct and indirect compliance costs in relation to any new climate change laws and regulations. Moreover, passage of climate change legislation or other regulatory initiatives that target emissions of GHGs may impair exploration and production of hydrocarbons and thus adversely affect future demand for our products and services. Reductions in our revenues or increases in our expenses as a result of climate control legislative initiatives could have negative impact on our business, financial position, results of operations and prospects. Although various climate change legislative measures have been under consideration by the U.S. Congress, it is not possible at this time to predict whether or when Congress may act on climate change legislation.
 
In addition, the “Fracturing Responsibility and Awareness of Chemicals Act” (the “FRAC Act”) was introduced to both houses of the 111th U.S. Congress on June 9, 2009, aiming to amend the “Safe Drinking Water Act” (the “SDWA”) by repealing an exemption from regulation for hydraulic fracturing. If enacted, the FRAC Act would amend the definition of “underground injection” in the SDWA to encompass hydraulic fracturing activities. Such a provision could require hydraulic fracturing operations to meet permitting and financial assurance requirements, adhere to certain construction specifications, fulfill monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping obligations, and meet plugging and abandonment requirements. The FRAC Act also proposes to require the reporting and public disclosure by the energy industry of the chemicals mixed with the water and sand it pumps underground in the hydraulic fracturing process (also known as “fracking”), information that has largely been protected as trade secrets. This reporting would make it easier for third parties opposing the hydraulic fracturing process to initiate legal proceedings based on allegations that specific chemicals used in the fracturing process could adversely affect groundwater. The adoption of any future federal or state laws or implementing regulations imposing reporting obligations on, or otherwise limiting, the hydraulic fracturing process could make it more difficult to complete natural gas wells. Shale gas cannot be economically produced without extensive fracturing. While proposed legislation is pending in Congress, the EPA has also reviewed its existing authority under the SDWA and asserted its intent to regulate hydraulic fracturing operations involving diesel additives. In the event this legislation is enacted, demand for seismic acquisition services may be adversely affected.
 
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Historically our operational expenses incurred in connection with international seismic data projects have been higher, as a percentage of revenues, than the operational expenses incurred in connection with seismic data projects undertaken in the United States. The profitability of our future international operations will depend significantly on our ability to control these expenses.
 
The expense of mobilizing personnel and equipment to various foreign locations, as well as the cost of obtaining and complying with local regulatory requirements historically have been significantly higher than the expenses incurred in connection with seismic data projects undertaken in the United States. If we are unable to reduce the expenses incurred in connection with an international seismic data project, or to obtain better pricing for such services, our results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
 
Operating internationally subjects us to significant risks and regulation inherent in operating in foreign countries.
 
We conduct operations on a global scale. As of December 31, 2010, approximately 38% of our property, plant and equipment and approximately 36% of our employees were located outside of the U.S. and, for the year ended December 31, 2010, approximately 43% of our revenues were attributable to operations in foreign countries.
 
Our international operations are subject to a number of risks inherent to any business operating in foreign countries, and especially those with emerging markets. As we continue to increase our presence in such countries, our operations will encounter the following risks, among others:
 
 
government instability, which can cause investment in capital projects by our potential clients to be withdrawn or delayed, reducing or eliminating the viability of some markets for our services;
 
 
potential expropriation, seizure, nationalization or detention of assets;
 
 
difficulty in repatriating foreign currency received in excess of local currency requirements;
 
 
import/export quotas;
 
 
civil uprisings, riots and war, which can make it unsafe to continue operations, adversely affect both budgets and schedules and expose us to losses;
 
 
availability of suitable personnel and equipment, which can be affected by government policy, or changes in policy, which limit the importation of qualified crewmembers or specialized equipment in areas where local resources are insufficient;
 
 
decrees, laws, regulations, interpretation and court decisions under legal systems, which are not always fully developed and which may be retroactively applied and cause us to incur unanticipated and/or unrecoverable costs as well as delays which may result in real or opportunity costs; and
 
 
terrorist attacks, including kidnappings of our personnel.
 
We cannot predict the nature and the likelihood of any such events. However, if any of these or other similar events should occur, it could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operation.
 
Certain of the seismic equipment that we use in certain foreign countries may require prior U.S. government approval in the form of an export license and may otherwise be subject to tariffs and import/export restrictions. The delay in obtaining required governmental approvals could affect our ability to timely commence a project, and the failure to comply with all such controls could result in fines and other penalties.
 
We are subject to taxation in many foreign jurisdictions and the final determination of our tax liabilities involves the interpretation of the statutes and requirements of taxing authorities worldwide. Our tax returns are subject to routine examination by taxing authorities, and these examinations may result in assessments of additional taxes, penalties and/or interest.
 
 
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Our overall success as a global business depends, in part, upon our ability to succeed in differing economic, social and political conditions. We may not continue to succeed in developing and implementing policies and strategies that are effective in each location where we do business, which could negatively affect our profitability.
 
As a company subject to compliance with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the “FCPA”), our business may suffer because our efforts to comply with U.S. laws could restrict our ability to do business in foreign markets relative to our competitors who are not subject to U.S. law. Additionally, our business plan involves establishing joint ventures with partners in certain foreign markets. Any determination that we or our foreign agents or joint venture partners have violated the FCPA may adversely affect our business and operations.
 
We and our local partners operate in many parts of the world that have experienced governmental corruption to some degree and, in certain circumstances, strict compliance with anti-bribery laws may conflict with local customs and practices. We may be subject to competitive disadvantages to the extent that our competitors are able to secure business, licenses or other preferential treatment by making payments to government officials and others in positions of influence or using other methods that U.S. law and regulations prohibit us from using.
 
As a U.S. corporation, we are subject to the regulations imposed by the FCPA, which generally prohibits U.S. companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to foreign officials for the purpose of obtaining or keeping business. In particular, we may be held liable for actions taken by our strategic or local partners even though our partners are not subject to the FCPA. Any such violations could result in substantial civil and/or criminal penalties and might adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. In addition, our ability to continue to work in the countries discussed above could be adversely affected if we were found to have violated certain U.S. laws, including the FCPA.
 
Our results of operations can be significantly affected by currency fluctuations.
 
A portion of our revenues is derived in the local currencies of the foreign jurisdictions in which we operate. Accordingly, we are subject to risks relating to fluctuations in currency exchange rates. In the future, and especially as we expand our sales in international markets, our clients may increasingly make payments in non-U.S. currencies. Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could affect our sales, cost of sales and operating margins. In addition, currency devaluation can result in a loss to us if we hold deposits of that currency. Hedging foreign currencies can be difficult, especially if the currency is not actively traded. We cannot predict the effect of future exchange rate fluctuations on our operating results.
 
A terrorist attack or armed conflict could harm our business.
 
Some seismic surveys are located in unstable political jurisdictions, including North Africa and the Middle East. Terrorist activities, anti-terrorist efforts and other armed conflicts involving the United States or other countries may adversely affect our ability to work in these markets which could prevent us from meeting our financial and other obligations. These activities could have a direct negative effect on our business in those areas, including loss of life, equipment and data. Costs for insurance and security may increase as a result of these threats, and some insurance coverage may become more difficult to obtain, if available at all.
 
Our success depends on key members of our management, the loss of any of whom could disrupt our business operations.
 
The loss of the services of Richard A. Degner, our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, or other key personnel could disrupt our operations which in turn could materially and adversely affect our results of operations.
 
We may be unable to attract and retain skilled and technically knowledgeable employees, which could adversely affect our business.
 
Our success depends upon attracting and retaining highly skilled professionals and other technical personnel. A number of our employees are highly skilled scientists and highly trained technicians, and our failure to continue to attract and retain such individuals could adversely affect our ability to compete in the seismic services industry. We may confront significant and potentially adverse competition for these skilled and technically knowledgeable personnel, particularly during periods of increased demand for seismic services. Additionally, at times there may be a shortage of skilled and technical personnel available in the market, potentially compounding the difficulty of attracting and retaining these employees. As a result, our business, results of operations and financial condition may be materially adversely affected.
 
 
20

 
Our industry has periodically experienced shortages in the availability of equipment. Any difficulty we experience replacing or adding equipment could adversely affect our business.
 
If the demand for seismic services increases, we may not be able to acquire equipment to replace our existing equipment or add additional equipment. From time to time, the high demand for seismic services has decreased the availability of geophysical equipment, resulting in extended delivery dates on orders of new equipment. If that happens again, any delay in obtaining equipment could delay our implementation of additional or larger crews and restrict the productivity of our existing crews. Our required equipment may not continue to be available to us at costs which allow us to be profitable. A delay in obtaining equipment essential to our operations could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
 
If we do not manage our recent growth and expansion effectively, our results of operations could be adversely affected.
 
We have experienced substantial growth to date. This growth has presented a challenge to our systems, processes, resources, personnel, management and other infrastructure and support mechanisms. The following factors could present difficulties to us:
 
 
lack of sufficient executive level and skilled crew personnel;
 
 
increased administrative burden; and
 
 
increased logistical problems common to large, expansive operations.
 
If we do not manage these growth challenges effectively, our profitability and results of operations could be adversely affected, our management resources may be diverted and our future growth impeded.
 
We may grow through acquisitions and our failure to properly plan and manage those acquisitions may adversely affect our performance.
 
We plan to expand not only through organic growth, but through the strategic acquisition of companies and assets. We must plan and manage any acquisitions effectively to achieve revenue growth and maintain profitability in our evolving market. If we fail to manage acquisitions effectively, our results of operations could be adversely affected. Our growth has placed, and is expected to continue to place, significant demands on our personnel, management and other resources. We must continue to improve our operational, financial, management, legal compliance and information systems to keep pace with the growth of our business.
 
Any future acquisitions could present a number of risks, including but not limited to:
 
 
incorrect assumptions regarding the future results of acquired operations or assets or expected cost reductions or other synergies expected to be realized as a result of acquiring operations or assets;
 
 
failure to integrate the operations or management of any acquired operations or assets successfully and timely;
 
 
diversion of management’s attention from existing operations or other priorities; and
 
 
our inability to secure sufficient financing, on terms we find acceptable, that may be required for any such acquisition or investment.
 
Our business plan anticipates, and is based upon our ability to successfully complete acquisitions of other businesses or assets. Our failure to do so, or to successfully integrate our acquisitions in a timely and cost effective manner, could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
 
 
21

 
If we fail to maintain proper and effective internal controls, our ability to produce accurate and timely consolidated financial statements could be impaired, which could harm our operating results, our ability to operate our business and investor views of us.
 
Ensuring that we have adequate internal financial and accounting controls and procedures in place so that we can produce accurate consolidated financial statements on a timely basis is a costly and time-consuming effort that needs to be re-evaluated frequently. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. We are in the process of documenting, reviewing and improving our internal controls and procedures for compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), which requires annual management assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and a report by our independent auditors addressing this assessment. Both we and our independent auditors will be testing our internal controls in connection with the audit of our consolidated financial statements for the year ending December 31, 2011 and, as part of the testing, identifying areas for further attention and improvement. If we fail to maintain proper and effective internal controls, our ability to produce accurate and timely consolidated financial statements could be impaired, which could harm our operating results, harm our ability to operate our business and reduce the trading price of our stock.
 
Risks Related to our Indebtedness
 
Our substantial debt could adversely affect our financial health and prevent us from fulfilling our obligations.
 
We have a significant amount of debt and may incur substantial additional debt (including secured debt) in the future. The terms of our existing debt agreements limit, but do not prohibit, us from doing so. As of December 31, 2010, we had approximately $209 million of total long-term indebtedness (comprised primarily of our $200 million 101/2% senior notes and under our Revolving Credit Facility), and $35 million available for future borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility, as described in our “Management’s Discussion and Analysis—Liquidity and Capital Resources” section of this Form 10-K. We cannot assure you that we will be able to generate sufficient cash to service our debt or sufficient earnings to cover fixed charges in future years. Increases in outstanding debt above this level will intensify the related risks.
 
Our substantial debt could have important consequences. In particular, it could:
 
 
increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
 
 
require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our indebtedness, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flow to fund capital expenditures and other general corporate purposes;
 
 
limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our businesses and the industries in which we operate;
 
 
place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that have less debt; and
 
 
limit, along with the financial and other restrictive covenants of our indebtedness, among other things, our ability to borrow additional funds.
 
Our debt agreements contain restrictive covenants that may limit our ability to respond to changes in market conditions or pursue business opportunities.
 
The terms of the indenture governing our new notes and our Revolving Credit Facility contain restrictive covenants that limit our ability to, among other things:
 
 
incur or guarantee additional debt;
 
 
pay dividends;
 
 
repay subordinated debt prior to its maturity;
 
 
grant additional liens on our assets;

 
22

 
 
enter into transactions with our affiliates;
 
 
repurchase stock;
 
 
make certain investments or acquisitions of substantially all or a portion of another entity’s business assets; and
 
 
merge with another entity or dispose of our assets.
 
For example, our Revolving Credit Facility limits the amount of our capital expenditures, including amounts we may spend on our Multi-client library. These capital expenditure limitations may limit our ability to add to our Multi-client library.
 
In addition, our Revolving Credit Facility requires us, to maintain certain financial ratios and tests. The requirement that we comply with these provisions may materially adversely affect our ability to react to changes in market conditions, take advantage of business opportunities we believe to be desirable, obtain future financing, fund needed capital expenditures or withstand a continuing or future downturn in our business.
 
If our lenders foreclose on their security interests in our assets, they will have the right to sell those assets in order to satisfy our obligations to them.
 
Our obligations under our Revolving Credit Facility are, secured by a lien on substantially all of our assets including the equity interests in our material subsidiaries. In the event of foreclosure, liquidation, bankruptcy or other insolvency proceeding relating to us or our subsidiaries that have guaranteed our debt, holders of this secured indebtedness will have prior claims with respect to substantially all of our assets. There can be no assurance that we would receive any proceeds from a foreclosure sale of our assets that constitute collateral following the satisfaction of the secured lenders’ priority claims.
 
If we are unable to comply with the restrictions and covenants in our existing debt agreements and other current and future debt agreements, there could be a default under the terms of such agreements, which could result in an acceleration of repayment.
 
If we are unable to comply with the restrictions and covenants in our existing debt agreements or in future debt agreements, there could be a default under the terms of these agreements. Our ability to comply with these restrictions and covenants, including meeting financial ratios and tests, may be affected by events beyond our control. As a result, we cannot assure you that we will be able to comply with these restrictions and covenants or meet such financial ratios and tests. In the event of a default under these agreements, lenders could terminate their commitments to lend or accelerate the loans and declare all amounts borrowed due and payable. Borrowings under other debt instruments that contain cross-acceleration or cross-default provisions may also be accelerated and become due and payable. If any of these events occur, our assets might not be sufficient to repay in full all of our outstanding indebtedness and we may be unable to find alternative financing. Even if we could obtain alternative financing, it might not be on terms that are favorable or acceptable to us. Additionally, we may not be able to amend our debt agreements or obtain needed waivers on satisfactory terms.
 
To service our indebtedness, we require a significant amount of cash, and our ability to generate cash will depend on many factors beyond our control.
 
Our ability to make payments on and to refinance our indebtedness, and to fund planned capital expenditures depends in part on our ability to generate cash in the future. This ability is, to a certain extent, subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control.
 
We cannot assure that we will generate sufficient cash flow from operations, that we will realize operating improvements on schedule or that future borrowings will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to service and repay our indebtedness or to fund our other liquidity needs. If we are unable to satisfy our debt obligations, we may have to undertake alternative financing plans, such as refinancing or restructuring our indebtedness, selling assets, reducing or delaying capital investments or seeking to raise additional capital. We cannot assure that any refinancing or debt restructuring would be possible or, if possible, would be completed on favorable or acceptable terms, that any assets could be sold or that, if sold, the timing of the sales and the amount of proceeds realized from those sales would be favorable to us or that additional financing could be obtained on acceptable terms. Disruptions in the capital and credit markets, such as those experienced during 2008 and 2009, could adversely affect our ability to meet our liquidity needs or to refinance our indebtedness, including our ability to borrow under our Revolving Credit Facility. Banks that are party to our Revolving Credit Facility may not be able to meet their funding commitments to us if they experience shortages of capital and liquidity or if they experience excessive volumes of borrowing requests from us and other borrowers within a short period of time.
 
 
23

 
Increases in interest rates would adversely affect our results of operations.
 
Our Revolving Credit Facility is subject to floating interest rates which vary in line with movements in short-term interest rates. As a result, our interest expenses may increase significantly if short-term interest rates increase.
 
Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments
 
None.
 
Item 2.  Properties
 
We own a building complex in the greater metropolitan Houston, Texas area that we use as our corporate headquarters. Our headquarters consists of office and warehouse space totaling approximately 92,000 square feet.
 
In addition, at the end of 2010, we were registered to do business and, in certain locations, leased administrative offices, sales offices, data processing centers, research centers, warehouses or equipment repairing centers in the United States in cities such as Dallas (Texas), Missouri City (Texas), Stafford (Texas) and Denver (Colorado), as well as throughout the world in countries such as Algeria, Argentina, Belize, Brazil, Brunei, Canada, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Cook Islands, Ecuador, Georgia, India, Iraq, Isle of Man, Kurdistan, Libya, Mexico, Nigeria, Oman, Peru, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, and Venezuela.
 
We believe that our existing facilities are well maintained, suitable for their intended use, and adequate to meet our current and future operating requirements, but we may also seek to expand our facilities from time to time.
 
Item 3.  Legal Proceedings
 
We are subject to periodic lawsuits, arbitrations, investigations, disputes and claims, including environmental claims and employee related matters, arising in the ordinary conduct of our business. Although we cannot predict with certainty the ultimate resolution of lawsuits, investigations and claims asserted against us, we do not believe that any currently pending legal proceedings to which we are a party will have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.
 
We sometimes experience disagreements or disputes with our customers relating to our charges. As of December 31, 2010, we had disputes with certain customers which relate to our charges for our services. If the amount we ultimately recover with respect to any of these disputes is less than the revenue previously recorded, the difference will be recorded as an expense. None of these are expected to have a material adverse effect on our earnings.
 
Item 4.  [Reserved]
 
PART II
 
Item 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
 
As of March 10, 2011, there were 36,479,635 shares of common stock of Global Geophysical Services, Inc. outstanding and 384 stockholders of record. Our common stock is listed on the NYSE, where it is traded under the symbol “GGS”.
 
The following table sets forth the high and low closing prices for the common stock of Global Geophysical Services, Inc. since our common stock began trading on April 22, 2010, as reported by the NYSE for the period shown. The following quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not represent actual transactions.
 
Quarter Ended
 
High
   
Low
 
June 30, 2010
  $ 12.00     $ 6.97  
September 30, 2010
  $ 8.09     $ 5.91  
December 31, 2010
  $ 10.40     $ 6.98  

 
24

 
We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock, and the Board of Directors intends to retain all of our earnings, if any, to finance the development and expansion of our business. There can be no assurance that our operations will prove profitable to the extent necessary to pay cash dividends. Moreover, even if such profits are achieved, the future dividend policy will depend upon our earnings, capital requirements, financial condition, debt covenants and other factors considered relevant by our Board of Directors.
 
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
 
The following table summarizes certain information regarding securities authorized for issuance under our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2010. In July 2006, our Board of Directors and Stockholders adopted the Global Geophysical Services, Inc. 2006 Incentive Compensation Plan. See information regarding material features of the plan in Note 12, “Stock-Based Compensation” to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein.
 
Plan Category
 
Number of
Securities to be
Issued Upon
Exercise of
Outstanding
Options
   
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price of
Outstanding
Options
   
Number of
Securities
Remaining
Available for
Future Issuance
Under Equity
Compensation Plans
(Excluding Securities
Reflected in Column (a))
 
   
(a)
   
(b)
   
(c)
 
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
    2,884,100     $ 22.93       5,393,163  
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
                 
Total
    2,884,100     $ 22.93       5,393,163  

 
25

 
Stock Performance Graph
 
The following graph compares the cumulative eight-month total return provided stockholders on Global Geophysical Services, Inc.’s common stock relative to the cumulative total returns of the S&P 500 Index and a peer group made up of companies in the PHLX Oil Service Sector Index. The PHLX Oil Service Sector Index consists of far larger companies that perform a variety of services as compared to land-based acquisition and processing of seismic data performed by us.
 
The following graph and related information shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the SEC, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any future filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, except to the extent that Global Geophysical Services, Inc. specifically incorporates it by reference into such filing.
 
Comparison of Eight Month Cumulative Total Return*
 
Among Global Geophysical Services, Inc., the S&P 500 Index and the PHLX Oil Service Sector Index
 
Comparison of Total Returns
 
 
       
*
Assumes $100 was invested on April 22, 2010 in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends. The stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance
 
Sales of Unregistered Securities and Stock Repurchases*
 
During the year ended December 31, 2010, we made the following purchases of our common stock, which is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act of 1934.
 
   
Total
Number of
Shares
Purchased
   
Price Paid
Per Share
   
Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans or
Programs
   
Maximum
Number of
Shares that
May Yet Be
Purchased
 
May 27, 2010
    83,333     $ 15.00       0       46,794  
October 15, 2010
    10,900     $ 6.16       0       0  
Total
    94,233       N/A       0       46,794  
 
       
*
The purchases of shares indicated above were related to separation agreements with certain employees.

 
26

 
Item 6.  Selected Financial Data
 
SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
The following table presents our summary historical financial data for the periods indicated. The data for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009, 2008, 2007 and 2006 have been derived from our audited financial statements. The financial data for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 are included elsewhere in this filing. For further information that will help you better understand the summary data, you should read this financial data in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the consolidated financial statements and related notes and other financial information included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. These historical results are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any future periods.
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Statement of Operations Data:
                             
Revenues(1)
  $ 254,705     $ 312,796     $ 376,256     $ 225,742     $ 83,577  
Operating expenses
    225,327       262,168       319,451       188,702       66,717  
Gross profit
    29,378       50,628       56,805       37,040       16,860  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    40,387       32,300       30,190       18,684       9,147  
Income (loss) from operations
    (11,009 )     18,328       26,615       18,356       7,713  
Interest expense, net
    (21,269 )     (18,613 )     (22,384 )     (10,745 )     (3,752 )
Other income (expense), net(2)
    (6,676 )     1,023       (6,250 )     (233 )     (125 )
Income (loss) before income taxes
    (38,954 )     738       (2,019 )     7,378       3,836  
Income tax expense
    600       293       6,027       4,941       1,934  
Income (loss) after Taxes
    (39,554 )     445       (8,046 )     2,437       1,902  
Net Income, attributable to noncontrolling interests
    162                          
Net Income (Loss), attributable to common shareholders
  $ (39,716 )   $ 445     $ (8,046 )   $ 2,437     $ 1,902  
Earnings per share:
                                       
Basic
  $ (1.44 )   $ 0.05     $ (0.98 )   $ 0.29     $ 0.22  
Diluted(3)
    (1.44 )     0.02       (0.98 )     0.09       0.08  
Weighted average shares outstanding
                                       
Basic
    27,517       8,188       8,174       8,369       8,772  
Diluted(3)
    27,517       28,788       8,174       28,612       24,197  
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges(4)
          1.03             1.43       1.67  
Cash Flows Data:
                                       
Cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities
  $ 115,842     $ 80,396     $ 41,113     $ 12,956       (2 )
Cash flows used in investing activities
    (212,732 )     (53,280 )     (84,699 )     (83,554 )     (73,494 )
Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities
    108,101       (40,534 )     57,110       51,011       104,819  
Balance Sheet Data:
                                       
Cash and cash equivalents(5)
  $ 28,237     $ 17,027     $ 30,444     $ 16,920     $ 36,507  
Total assets
    413,267       316,620       329,652       253,444       172,648  
Total debt, including capital leases(6)
    218,344       171,953       213,990       130,366       63,979  
Total liabilities
    311,410       252,691       267,042       183,399       97,034  
Total stockholders’ equity
    101,857       63,928       62,610       70,045       75,613  
       
(1)
Includes $134.9 million, $24.5 million and $25.0 million in recognized revenues generated from Multi-client services in the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
 
(2)
Includes unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, foreign exchange gain (loss), loss on extinguishment of debt, other income (expense) and gains and losses on sales of assets.
 
(3)
For the years 2010 and 2008, diluted and basic are the same due to the net loss for those years.
 
(4)
The ratio of earnings to fixed charges was computed by dividing the sum of our earnings before income taxes and fixed charges by fixed charges. Fixed charges consist of all interest and one third of the total of rent, marketing data services, maintenance and equipment rental expenses (considered representative of the interest factor). For the year ended December 31, 2010 there was a coverage deficiency of $39 million.
 
(5)
Cash and cash equivalents do not include restricted cash investments of approximately $2.4, $5.3 million, $7.6 million, $2.4 million and $0 at December 31, 2010, 2009, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 
27

 
(6)
Excludes unamortized original issue discount of approximately $5.6 million, $2.1 million, $2.4 million, $0 and $0 at December 31, 2010, 2009, 2008, 2007, 2006.
 
Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation
 
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the “Selected Financial Information” section of this annual report and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and other financial information included elsewhere in this annual report. In addition to historical financial information, the following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Our actual results and timing of selected events may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including those discussed under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this annual report, which are incorporated herein by reference.
 
Overview
 
We provide an integrated suite of seismic data solutions to the global oil and gas industry, including our high resolution RG-3D Reservoir Grade™ (“RG3D”) seismic solutions. Our seismic data solutions consist primarily of seismic data acquisition, microseismic monitoring, data processing and interpretation services. Through these services, we deliver data that enable the creation of high resolution images of the earth’s subsurface and reveal complex structural and stratigraphic details. These images are used primarily by oil and gas companies to identify geologic structures favorable to the accumulation of hydrocarbons, to reduce risk associated with oil and gas exploration, to optimize well completion techniques and to monitor changes in hydrocarbon reservoirs. We integrate seismic survey design, data acquisition, processing and interpretation to deliver enhanced services to our clients. In addition, we own and market a growing seismic data library and license this data to clients on a non-exclusive basis.
 
We provide seismic data acquisition for land, transition zone and shallow marine areas, including challenging environments such as marshes, forests, jungles, arctic climates, mountains and deserts worldwide. Our management team has significant operational experience in most of the major U.S. shale plays, including the Haynesville, Barnett, Bakken, Fayetteville, Eagle Ford and Woodford, where we believe our high resolution RG3D seismic solutions are particularly well-suited.
 
Our seismic solutions are used by many of the world’s largest and most technically advanced oil and gas exploration and production companies, including national oil companies (“NOCs”) such as Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (“ONGC”) and Ecopetrol S.A. (“Ecopetrol”), major integrated oil and gas companies (“IOCs”) such as BP p.l.c. (“BP”), ConocoPhillips Company (“ConocoPhillips”) and Exxon Mobil Corporation (“ExxonMobil”), and independent oil and gas exploration and production companies such as Anadarko Petroleum Corporation (“Anadarko”), Apache Corporation, and Chesapeake Energy Corporation (“Chesapeake”).
 
We currently own approximately 162,000 recording channels. Our recording channels and systems are interoperable providing operational scalability and efficiency, enabling us to execute on large and technologically complex projects.
 
We primarily generate revenues by providing Proprietary Services and Multi-client Services to our clients. Our Proprietary Services generate revenues by conducting geophysical surveys for our clients on a contractual basis where our clients generally acquire all rights to the seismic data obtained through such survey. We also generate revenues by providing microseismic monitoring, data processing and interpretation services. Our Multi-client Services generate revenues by selling licenses, on a non-exclusive basis, to data we own as a part of our seismic data library.
 
Key Accomplishments
 
We have grown at a rapid pace since commercial operations began in May 2005, finishing 2010 with $254.7 million in revenues. During this period, we continued to expand not only our operational capabilities but also our service offerings to include land, transition zone and shallow marine seismic data acquisition, processing and interpretation services and Multi-client Services. Other recent highlights include:
 
 
Cash flow from Operations was $115.8 million in 2010 compared to $80.4 million in 2009.
 
 
Increasing our backlog to approximately $265 million as of December 31, 2010 compared to $153 million as of December 31, 2009.

 
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Increasing our Seismic Data Library to approximately 3,700 square miles as of December 31, 2010 compared with approximately 900 square miles as of the end of year 2009.
 
 
Launching our Brazilian operations during 2010 with a program for Petra Energia S.A for an onshore seismic data acquisition project in the São Francisco Basin of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
 
How We Generate Our Revenues
 
We generate revenues by providing Proprietary Services and Multi-client Services to our clients. Proprietary Services revenues represented 47% and 92% of our revenues for the years ended December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively. Multi-client Services revenues represented 53% and 8% of our revenues for the years ended December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.
 
Proprietary Services.  We generate revenues by conducting geophysical surveys for our clients on a contractual basis where our clients generally acquire all rights to the seismic data obtained through such survey. We also generate revenues by providing microseismic monitoring, data processing and interpretation services.
 
Most of our Proprietary Services, microseismic monitoring, data processing and interpretation services business is obtained through competitive bidding. We generally require approximately 30 days of preparation and diligence in order to prepare and submit a bid in response to a request for proposal. In certain circumstances, various factors, such as the difficulty of the terrain involved or remoteness of the survey area, may require considerably more time to prepare and submit a bid. Our clients usually ask us to quote a “turnkey” rate for each completed unit of recorded data, or they may ask for a “term rate” bid. When we perform work on a turnkey basis a defined amount and scope of work is provided by us for a fixed price and extra work, which is subject to client approval, is billed separately, whereas when we perform work on a term rate basis, one of our seismic crews is hired for a fixed fee per day. Current market conditions drive our portfolio of outstanding contracts in terms of pricing (turnkey, term rate or a combination of the two). We also enter into contracts that combine different pricing elements, such as a term rate contract with bonus incentives for early completion or achievement of certain performance metrics to maximize the economic incentives for both us and our client.
 
We have entered into master service agreements with many of our clients. These agreements specify payment terms, establish standards of performance and allocate certain operational risks through indemnity and related provisions and are supplemented on a project-by-project basis with pricing terms and other project-specific terms. Revenues from our Proprietary Services segment are recognized when they are realizable and earned as services are performed based on the proportionate performance method. We defer unearned revenues until earned, and recognize losses in full when they occur.
 
Our contracts typically provide that we remain responsible for the majority of costs and expenses associated with a particular project. We seek to manage the risk of delays through the inclusion of “standby rate” provisions. These provisions are included in most of our contracts and require payment to us of a reduced rate for a limited amount of time if we are unable to record seismic data as a result of weather conditions or certain other factors outside our control. The pricing for any Proprietary Services, microseismic monitoring, data processing and interpretation services project is primarily determined by the data quality requirement, resolution, program parameters, complexity and conditions including the timing, location and terrain and equipment required to complete the project.
 
Multi-client Services.  We generate Multi-client revenues by granting a license to seismic data. This allows our clients to have access to seismic data at a cost that is generally less than acquiring data on a proprietary basis. We believe that revenues from our Multi-client Services will continue to grow as a percentage of our U.S. revenues. Our Multi-client Services differ from our Proprietary Services projects in that we set the specifications of the program, generally handle all aspects of the seismic data acquisition and maintain ownership of the seismic data and its corresponding revenue stream. The seismic data sets that we have acquired through our Multi-client Services are included in our seismic data library.
 
Revenues under our arrangements are generated as pre-funding commitments (“pre-commitments”), late sales and/or data swaps, or a combination thereof, from the licensing of Multi-client data. The terms of the license typically set pricing on a per square mile basis, specify a defined survey area, and include limitations on transferability of the underlying data. We retain ownership of the seismic data acquired and licensed in Multi-client Services which remains available for late sales. Generally, we target pre-commitments of approximately 80% of our expected investment in the program. We may receive additional cash amounts as certain project milestones are reached. The cash inflows from these payments generally correspond to the timing of our cash expenses on a project.
 
 
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We believe that offering seismic data acquisition projects in a Multi-client structure and licensing the data from our library is not only an effective business strategy in times of high capital spending, but also during times of industry-wide reductions in capital expenditures. The efficiencies we create by acquiring Multi-client seismic surveys allow oil and gas exploration companies to acquire seismic data at a lower cost. The Multi-client library also offers clients the opportunity to acquire data over a larger area than would otherwise be readily available to them. By acquiring data that relates to areas beyond the scope of their current holdings, our clients are better able to understand the attributes of the subsurface formations contained in their current holdings. This additional data also may assist our clients in assessing whether to acquire adjacent as yet not leased properties. Additionally, by purchasing a final product, our clients avoid the risk of incurring cost over-runs or liability as a result of the occupational health and safety hazards inherent in the process of seismic data acquisition.
 
The following table summarizes data for our Multi-client Services:
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Multi-client Services revenue
  $ 134.9     $ 24.5     $ 25.0  
Cash investment
    170.8       34.4       25.2  
Capitalized depreciation(1)
    20.4       3.7       3.0  
Non-cash data exchange
    10.0       8.9        
Total Investment in Multi-client library
  $ 201.2     $ 47.0     $ 28.2  

   
December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Cumulative total investment in Multi-client Services
  $ 276.4     $ 75.2     $ 28.2  
Less: accumulated amortization of Multi-client library assets
    130.5       37.8       19.1  
Multi-client net book value (at period end)
  $ 145.9     $ 37.4     $ 9.1  
 
       
 
(1)
Represents capitalized cost of the equipment owned and leased by us and utilized in connection with a Multi-client seismic shoot.
 
How We Evaluate Our Operations
 
We evaluate our land, transition zone and shallow marine projects on a project basis and as a whole using similar performance metrics. In addition, our management utilizes a variety of financial and productivity metrics to analyze and monitor our performance. These metrics include, but are not limited to, the following:
 
 
safety performance rates;
 
 
selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) as a percentage of revenues;
 
 
our EBIT in absolute terms and as a percentage of revenues; and
 
 
the level of pre-commitment funding for our Multi-client projects.
 
The information generated using the foregoing metrics is an important part of our operational analysis. We apply these metrics to monitor operations separately for each of our projects and analyze trends to determine the relative performance of each. We seek to have strong centralized financial analysis and controls to allocate our crews, combined with local decision-making and flexibility in the delivery of services to maximize client satisfaction.
 
Recent Trends Affecting Our Business
 
The seismic data services industry historically has been cyclical. Volatility in oil and gas prices can produce significant changes in the demand for seismic services and the prices seismic contractors can negotiate for their services. Oil and gas exploration, development, exploitation and production spending levels traditionally have been heavily influenced by expected future prices of oil and natural gas. Prior to mid-2008, the oil and gas industry saw significant increases in activity resulting from high commodity prices for oil and natural gas. We benefited from this increased spending.
 
 
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However, during the period from mid-2008 through mid-2009, oil and natural gas prices declined significantly, which resulted in significant curtailments in capital expenditures by independent oil and gas companies, including spending for seismic data acquisition services. Accordingly, we experienced a decline in the revenues of our business.
 
More recently, in connection with increases in crude price levels, there have been planned increases in capital expenditures by oil and gas companies throughout the world. We expect the increases in capital expenditure spending to result in increased demand for seismic services.
 
Within the North American market, we have continued to observe a trend toward seismic data programs being focused on unconventional resource plays (shales). We believe that a continuation of that trend will result in seismic services contracts being structured on a Multi-client basis. We have not yet observed a similar trend in overseas markets where we currently expect proprietary services will continue to constitute the majority of the services we provide.
 
Financial Operations Overview
 
Revenues.  A portion of our revenues are generated from either large projects or multiple projects from a limited number of clients. As a result, a small number of clients typically represent a significant amount of our revenues in any particular period. For the year ended December 31, 2010, we had one client which represented more than 10% of our revenues. Because we work on different projects for various clients on a regular basis, it is not uncommon for our top clients to change from year to year.
 
The table below presents for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, our revenue concentration in our clients, representing 10% or more of our revenues.
 
   
Year Ended
December 31,
 
% of Total Revenues
 
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Largest client
    16 %     37 %     13 %
Second largest client(1)
    9 %     16 %     11 %
Third largest client(1)
    9 %     11 %     9 %
Top three clients
    34 %     64 %     33 %
       
 
(1)
Less than 10% presented for comparison purposes in this table.
 
Revenues generated from our international operations are primarily attributable to providing Proprietary Services. Since December 31, 2007, the percentage of revenues that we derive from international operations has increased from 30% for the year ended December 31, 2007 to 43% for the year ended December 31, 2010. We believe the international seismic data services market continues to provide significant growth opportunities.
 
Operating Expenses.  Our operating expenses are primarily a function of our seismic data recording crew count, make-up and utilization levels on a project-by-project basis. Our productivity depends largely on the equipment utilized, seismic survey design, operating efficiency and external factors such as weather and third party delays. Our seismic data acquisition services are performed outdoors and are therefore subject to seasonality. Shorter winter days, competing uses of land and adverse weather negatively affects our ability to provide services in certain regions. In order to minimize the effect of seasonality on our assets, we have diversified our operations in a manner such that our equipment is mobile between regions and countries and our common-platform equipment also works to improve crew productivity by allowing us to move equipment and people between crews as needed with minimal compatibility issues. Certain costs, such as equipment rentals and leases, depreciation, certain labor, some repair and maintenance, and interest payments, are fixed and are incurred regardless of utilization, and account for a significant percentage of our costs and expenses. Accordingly, downtime or low productivity resulting from weather interruptions, reduced demand, equipment failures or other causes can result in significant operating losses, which affects our profitability.
 
SG&A.  SG&A expenses increased as a result of becoming a public company along with the addition of personnel and expenses to facilitate the company’s growth, such as that the SG&A expenses at the end of 2010, 2009 and 2008 were $40.4 million, $32.3 million and $30.2 million, respectively. Increased costs attributable to becoming a public company include the cost of increased accounting support services, filing annual and quarterly reports with the SEC, investor relations, directors’ expenses, directors’ and officers’ insurance and registrar and transfer agent fees, which we expect to continue to incur on an ongoing basis. As we made our initial public offering of securities in the second quarter of 2010, our consolidated financial statements for the year ended 2010 reflect the effect of a portion of these increased expenses and affect the comparability of our consolidated financial statements for prior periods.
 
 
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Taxes.  Our effective tax rate has varied widely in prior periods, and has trended significantly higher than the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 35% for a number of reasons, including state income tax liabilities, the disallowance of certain contractor per-diem payments and other expenses for tax purposes, and valuation allowances provided for losses incurred in certain foreign jurisdictions. In addition, as a result of our operations in various foreign jurisdictions, we are subject to a number of different tax regimes that have significantly affected our effective tax rates in some cases. For example, in some countries we are subject to a withholding tax on our revenues regardless of our profits.
 
We expect that our overall effective tax rate in future periods will generally trend modestly higher than the U.S. federal statutory rate. However, we cannot assure you that our effective tax rate will decline. We could experience significantly higher effective rates in different periods as a result of the factors described above.
 
As of December 31, 2010, we had approximately $91.5 million in U.S. net operating loss (“NOL”) carry forwards and foreign NOL carry forwards of $57.2 million. The U.S. NOLs have a carry forward period of 20 years and expire in 2028 through 2030 if not utilized. The foreign NOLs have carry forward periods of up to 10 years, with the earliest expiration in 2012.
 
Gross Profit Margin.  Our gross profit margins for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 were 12%, 16% and 15%, respectively. The gross profit margin decrease in 2010 is primarily attributable to lower revenue base against the two previous years. The margins from our international operations has been adversely affected by the initial costs associated with the development and expansion of our international operations, such as the establishment of branch offices, marketing alliances and the mobilization of equipment and personnel to overseas locations. In addition, equipment failures and additional regulatory requirements have contributed to lower margins for our international operations. Although the profitability of our international operations will continue to be adversely affected by factors not present in our domestic operations, we believe the profitability of our international operations will increase as we complete the expenditures necessary to establish our international operations.
 
Backlog.  Our backlog consists of contracted seismic data acquisition and Multi-client unrecognized pre-commitments. Our estimated backlog as of December 31, 2010 was approximately $265 million as compared to approximately $153 million as of December 31, 2009. Backlog estimates are based on a number of assumptions and estimates including assumptions related to foreign exchange rates and proportionate performance of contracts and our valuation of assets, such as seismic data, to be received by us as payment under certain agreements. The realization of our backlog estimates are further affected by our performance under term rate contracts, as the early or late completion of a project under term rate contracts will generally result in decreased or increased, as the case may be, revenues derived from these projects. Contracts for services are occasionally modified by mutual consent and may be cancelable by the client under the circumstances described in “Business—Narrative Description of Business—Service Contracts.” Consequently, backlog as of any particular date may not be indicative of actual operating results for any future period. See “Risk Factors—Our backlog estimates are based on certain assumptions and are subject to unexpected adjustments and cancellations and thus may not be timely converted to revenues in any particular fiscal period, if at all, or be indicative of our actual operating results for any future period.”
 
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
 
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, such as backlog. We continually evaluate our judgments and estimates in determining our financial condition and operating results. Estimates are based upon information available as of the date of the consolidated financial statements and, accordingly, actual results could differ from these estimates, sometimes materially. Critical accounting policies and estimates are defined as those that are both most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and operating results and require management’s most subjective judgments. The most critical accounting policies and estimates are described below.
 
Revenue Recognition
 
Proprietary Services.  Our Proprietary Services are provided under cancelable service contracts, which vary in terms and conditions. We recognize revenue in accordance with the terms of the contract. These contracts are “turnkey” or “term” agreements or a combination of the two. Under turnkey agreements, we recognize revenue based upon quantifiable measures of progress, such as square miles or linear kilometers of data acquired. Under term agreements, period revenue is recognized on a day-rate basis. Under certain contracts where the client pays separately for the mobilization of equipment to the project
 
 
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site, we recognize these mobilization fees as revenue during the performance of the seismic acquisition, using the same quantifiable measures of progress as for the acquisition work. We also receive reimbursements for certain other out-of-pocket expenses under the terms of our service contracts. We record amounts billed to clients in revenues as the gross amount including out-of-pocket expenses that are reimbursed by the client. In some instances, customers are billed in advance of services performed which we recognize as deferred revenues.
 
Multi-client Services.  Revenues are recorded under our arrangements from the licensing of our Multi-client data as pre-commitments, late sales and/or data swap transactions. Once a contract is signed, it will be classified as a pre-commitment, or a late sale and the entire contract will follow revenue recognition as transcribed below.
 
Revenues from the creation of our multi-client projects are recognized when (i) we have an arrangement with the customer that is validated by a signed contract, (ii) the sales price is fixed and determinable, (iii) collection is reasonably assured, and (iv) delivery, as defined in the below paragraph, has occurred. When the above criteria has been satisfied, we recognize revenue using the proportionate performance method based upon quantifiable measures of progress such as square mile or linear kilometer of data acquired.
 
Revenues associated from a data swap transaction are recognized as a pre-commitment or late sale when (i) we have an arrangement with the customer that is validated by a signed contract, (ii) the value is determined according to GGS policy, and (iii) the asset exchanged for has been received. Delivery is defined as “data is made available to the customer to view”.
 
If the data is subject to any incremental processing, we hold back a portion of the revenue to be recognized upon the delivery of the processed data to the customer. This hold back is calculated as a percentage of the data processing cost remaining to complete over the entire cost of the project.
 
Pre-Commitment Revenues.  Pre-Commitments represent one classification of Multi-client revenue. Pre-commitment revenues are contractual obligations whereby a client commits funds in advance of our acquisition of seismic data. In return for these pre-commitments, our clients typically have some input with respect to project specifications and receive preferential pricing. We record pre-commitment payments as deferred revenue when they are received and record them as revenue on the basis of proportionate performance.
 
Late Sale Revenues.  Late Sales represent another classification of Multi-Client revenues. For any contract, if all or any portion of the data has been acquired by the company and it can be made available to view by the customer, it will be classified as a late sale. For late sale contracts any portion associated with data which has not been acquired will be deferred and recognized as revenue on the basis of proportionate performance.
 
We establish amortization rates based on the estimated future revenues (both from pre-commitments and late sales) on an individual survey basis. The underlying estimates that form the basis for the sales forecast depend on historical and recent revenue trends, oil and gas prospectively in particular regions, general economic conditions affecting our customer base, expected changes in technology and other factors. The estimation of future cash flows and fair value is highly subjective and inherently imprecise. Estimates can change materially from period to period based on many factors, including those described in the preceding paragraph. Accordingly, if conditions change in the future, an impairment loss may be recorded relative to the seismic data library, which could be material to any particular reporting period. However, under no circumstance will an individual survey carry a net book value greater than a four-year straight-line amortized value. This is accomplished by comparing the cumulative amortization recorded for each survey to the cumulative straight-line amortization. If the cumulative straight-line amortization is higher for any specific survey, additional amortization expense is recorded, resulting in accumulated amortization being equal to the cumulative straight-line amortization for such survey. Amortization expense of the Multi-client seismic data was $92.7 million, $18.7 million and $19.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
 
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts.  We estimate our allowance for doubtful accounts receivable (billed and unbilled) based on our past experience of historical write-offs, our current client base and our review of past due accounts. However, the inherent volatility of the energy industry’s business cycle can cause swift and unpredictable changes in the financial stability of our clients.
 
Impairment of Long-lived Assets.  In accordance with current guidance for accounting for impairment or disposal of long-lived assets, we evaluate the recoverability of property and equipment and our Multi-client data library if facts and circumstances indicate that any of those assets might be impaired. If an evaluation is required, the estimated future undiscounted cash flows associated with the asset are compared to the asset’s carrying amount to determine if an impairment of such property and Multi-client data library is necessary. The effect of any impairment would be to expense the difference between the fair value of such property and its carrying value.
 
 
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For the Multi-client data library, the impairment evaluation is based first on a comparison of the undiscounted future cash flows over each component’s remaining estimated useful life with the carrying value of each library component. If the undiscounted cash flows are equal to or greater than the carrying value of such component, no impairment is recorded. If undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying value of any component, the forecast of future cash flows related to such component is discounted to fair value and compared with such component’s carrying amount. The difference between the library component’s carrying amount and the discounted future value of the expected revenue stream is recorded as an impairment charge. There were no impairment charges recognized in the statements of operations during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008.
 
Depreciable Lives of Property, Plant and Equipment.  Our property, plant and equipment are capitalized at historical cost and depreciated over the useful life of the asset. Our estimation of the useful life of a particular asset is based on circumstances that exist in the seismic industry and information available to our management at the time of the purchase of the asset. The technology of the equipment used to gather data in the seismic industry has historically evolved such that obsolescence does not occur quickly. As circumstances change and new information becomes available these estimates could change. We amortize these capitalized items using the straight-line method. Capital assets are depreciated over one to ten years depending on the classification of the asset.
 
Tax Accounting.  The Company follows the current guidance in accounting for income taxes. Under the asset and liability method required by this guidance, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A deferred tax asset will be reduced by a valuation allowance when, based on the Company’s estimates, it is more likely than not that a portion of those assets will not be realized in a future period.
 
The Company follows guidance regarding the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes. This guidance clarifies the accounting for income taxes by prescribing the minimum recognition threshold an income tax position is required to meet before recognizing in the consolidated financial statements and applies to all income tax positions. Each income tax position is assessed using a two step process. A determination is first made as to whether it is more likely than not that the income tax position will be sustained, based upon technical merits, upon examination by the taxing authorities. If the income tax position is expected to meet the more likely than not criteria, the benefit recorded in the consolidated financial statements equals the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely to be realized upon its ultimate settlement. Our methodology for recording income taxes requires judgment regarding assumptions and the use of estimates, including determining our annual effective tax rate and the valuation of deferred tax assets, which can create variance between actual results and estimates. The process involves making forecasts of current and future years’ taxable income and unforeseen events may significantly affect these estimates. Those factors, among others, could have a material effect on our provision or benefit for income taxes.
 
Stock-Based Compensation.  We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with current guidance, which requires us to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant date fair value of the award. In so doing, we use the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model, which requires various assumptions as to interest rates, volatility, dividend yields and expected lives of stock-based awards.
 
Revenues
 
The following table sets forth our consolidated revenues for the periods indicated:
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
   
(in millions, except percentages)
 
Proprietary Services
  $ 119.8       47 %   $ 288.3       92 %   $ 351.3       93 %
Multi-client Services
    134.9       53       24.5       8       25.0       7  
Total
  $ 254.7       100 %   $ 312.8       100 %   $ 376.3       100 %

 
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Revenues by Region
 
The following table sets forth our consolidated revenues by region for the periods indicated:
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
   
(in millions, except percentages)
 
U.S.
  $ 145.7       57 %   $ 180.1       58 %   $ 152.8       41 %
Latin America
    76.7       30       41.8       13       104.6       28  
EAME(1)
    7.5       3       40.0       13       77.5       20  
Asia Pacific
    24.8       10       50.9       16       41.4       11  
Total
  $ 254.7       100 %   $ 312.8       100 %   $ 376.3       100 %
       
 
(1)
Europe, Africa, Middle East.
 
Year Ended December 31, 2010 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2009
 
 
Revenues.
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
(in millions, except percentages)
 
Proprietary Services
  $ 119.8       47 %   $ 288.3       92 %
Multi-client Services
    134.9       53       24.5       8  
Total
  $ 254.7       100 %   $ 312.8       100 %
 
We recorded revenues of $254.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to $312.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, a decrease of $58.1 million, or 19%. The majority of this decrease is attributable to a reduction in demand for our seismic data services caused by generally lower exploration and production spending by our clients.
 
We recorded revenues from Proprietary Services of $119.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to $288.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, a decrease of $168.5 million, or 58%. Of this amount, the decrease related to the U.S. Proprietary operations was $144.8 million. This is primarily a result of a shift from Proprietary to Multi-client demand in the North America unconventional resource plays. In Latin America, we had $76.7 million in revenues for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to $41.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, an increase of $34.9 million, largely driven by an increase in the number of our crews active in Argentina and Colombia in 2010. In EAME, during the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 we recorded revenues of $7.5million and $40.0 million, respectively, a decrease of $32.5 million also driven by a decrease of our crew activity primarily in Algeria during 2010. In the Asia Pacific market, revenues decreased to $24.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 from $50.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, a decrease of $26.1 million. The decrease was the result of reduced crew activity during 2010 as we completed a job in India during the first quarter of 2010.
 
We recorded revenues from Multi-client Services of $134.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to $24.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, an increase of $110.4 million, or 451%. The $134.9 million in Multi-client revenues included $16.4 million of late sales revenue, $109.1 million of pre-commitment revenue, and $9.4 million in data swap transactions. As of December 31, 2009, we had completed a large portion of the acquisition activities of the Multi-client surveys then underway. Total pre-commitments that had not been recognized as revenue were $137.4 million and $92.8 million as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
 
Operating Expenses.  Operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization, decreased by $106.5 million, or 58%, to $77.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 from $183.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. Substantially all of the decrease in the year ended December 31, 2010 in dollar terms was the result of shift to U.S. Multi-client work, where the acquisition costs are recorded on the balance sheet and amortized when sales are recorded. In the year ended December 31, 2010 the Company capitalized Multi-client cash investments of $170.8 million compared to $34.4 million for the same period in 2009, an increase of $136.4 million.
 
 
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SG&A.  SG&A, excluding depreciation and amortization, increased by $8.2 million, or 27%, to $38.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, from $30.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. Overall compensation and employee benefits increased by $7.3 million during 2010 compared to 2009, mainly attributable to our increased effort in our Multi-client sales and marketing staff, coupled with certain added costs related to being a public company. Bad debt expense decreased by $1.0 million, to $3.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 from $4.1million during the same period of 2009.
 
Depreciation and Amortization Expense.  Gross depreciation charges were $56.3 million for the period ending December 31, 2010 compared to $60.6 million for the same period of 2009. Of these amounts $20.4 million and $3.7 million were capitalized in connection with our Multi-client projects for 2010 and 2009, respectively. As a result of the amounts capitalized for Multi-client, the net depreciation expense reflected in operating expenses are $35.9 million and $56.9 million for 2010 and 2009, respectively.
 
Gross depreciation charges decreased by $4.3 million, to $56.3 million during 2010 as some of our older equipment is becoming fully depreciated and capital investments in recent quarters has been less than our historical average.
 
Multi-client amortization expense was $92.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, compared to Multi-client amortization of $18.7 million for the same period of 2009. Multi-client amortization increased by $74.0 million, or 396%, as a result of the increase in Multi-client Services revenues. Multi-client amortization included a charge for $4.6 million for additional amortization expense against our data library attributable to the weather related delays experienced in the first three quarters during 2010.
 
Interest Expense, Net.  Interest expense, net, increased by $2.7 million, or 15%, to $21.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, from $18.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. This increase in interest expense is due in large part to borrowing costs from the issuance of $200 million, 101/2% senior notes.
 
Other Income (Expense), Net.  Other income, net, decreased by $7.7 million to ($6.7) million for the year ended December 31, 2010 from an expense of $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. The main item driving the decrease was a $6.0 million expense attributable to the extinguishment of debt from the previous credit facility during 2010. The carrying value of the interest rate hedge held as a requirement under our previous credit facility decreased by $0.5 million, or 63% to $0.3 million at the end of December 31, 2010.
 
Income Tax.  For the year ended December 31, 2010 we had an income tax expense of $0.6 million compared to an expense of $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2009.
 
Year Ended December 31, 2009 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2008
 
 
Revenues.
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
 
   
(in millions, except percentages)
 
Proprietary Services
  $ 288.3       92 %   $ 351.3       93 %
Multi-client Services
    24.5       8       25.0       7  
Total
  $ 312.8       100 %   $ 376.3       100 %
 
We recorded revenues of $312.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to $376.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, a decrease of $63.5 million, or 16.9%. The majority of this decrease is attributable to a reduction in demand for our Proprietary Services caused by generally lower exploration and production spending by our clients.
 
We recorded revenues from Proprietary Services of $288.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to $351.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, a decrease of $63.0 million, or 17.9%. Revenues in the U.S. market increased to $180.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 from $152.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, an increase of $27.3 million driven by several large projects for major IOCs in 2009. In Latin America, we had $41.8 million in revenues for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to $104.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, a decrease of $62.8 million, largely driven by a reduction in the number of crews active in 2009. In EAME during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 we recorded revenues of $40.0 million and $77.5 million,
 
 
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respectively, a decrease of $37.5 million also driven by a reduction of our crew activity in the first three quarters of 2009. In the Asia Pacific market, revenues increased to $50.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 from $41.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, an increase of $9.5 million. The increase was the result of increased crew activity within the region during the fourth quarter of 2009.
 
We recorded revenues from Multi-client Services of $24.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to $25.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, a decrease of $0.5 million, or 2.0%. As of December 31, 2008, we had completed a large portion of the acquisition activities of the Multi-client surveys then underway. Total pre-commitments that had not been recognized as revenue were $9.7 million and $92.8 million on December 31, 2008 and 2009, respectively.
 
For the year ended December 31, 2009, $13.4 million of our Multi-client revenues were from the recognition of pre-commitments and $11.1 million were from late sales. In 2008, all of our Multi-client Services revenues were generated through the recognition of pre-commitments and none were from late sales.
 
Operating Expenses.  Operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization, decreased by $63.8 million, or 25.9%, to $182.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 from $246.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008. Operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization, are closely tied to crew activity. Substantially all of the decrease in the year ended December 31, 2009 in dollar terms was the result of reduced crew operating activity during the period, as described in “Revenues” above. In addition, several large, high productivity projects underway during this period increased overall operating efficiency compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. Operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization, as a percentage of revenue, declined to 58.5% in 2009 from 65.6% in 2008, an improvement of 7.1%.
 
SG&A.  SG&A expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization, increased by $2.5 million, or 8.6%, to $31.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, from $29.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008. This increase is primarily from bad debt expense which increased by $4.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. This increase in bad debt expense was partially offset by cost reductions, mostly in corporate staff headcount, made in response to a decrease in demand for our services during this period. SG&A, excluding depreciation and amortization, net of bad debt expense, declined by $1.1 million in the year ended December 31, 2009, and represented 8.8% of revenues in 2009 compared to 7.6% of revenues in 2008.
 
Depreciation and Amortization Expense.  Gross depreciation charges were $60.6 million for the period ending December 31, 2009 compared to $54.8 million for the same period of 2008. Of these amounts $3.7 million and $3.0 million were capitalized in connection with our Multi-client projects for 2009 and 2008, respectively. As a result of the amounts capitalized for Multi-client, the net depreciation expense reflected in operating expenses are $56.9 million and $51.8 million for 2009 and 2008, respectively.
 
Gross depreciation charges decreased by $5.8 million, to $54.8 million during 2009 as some of our older equipment is becoming fully depreciated and capital investments in recent quarters has been less than our historical average. Multi-Client amortization expense was $18.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, compared to Multi-client amortization of $19.1 million for the same period of 2008, resulting in a decrease in amortization of $0.5 million.
 
Interest Expense, Net.  Interest expense, net, decreased by $3.8 million, or 17.0%, to $18.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, from $22.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008. This reduction in interest expense is due in large part to the $3.6 million of capitalized debt issuance costs written off and prepayment penalties incurred with the refinancing of our secured credit facilities in January 2008 and the lower interest rates resulting from lower LIBOR in 2009 as compared to 2008.
 
Other Income (Expense), Net.  Other income, net, increased by $7.2 million to $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, from an expense of $6.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008. The main item driving the increase was a $5.2 million foreign exchange loss in 2008, compared to a $0.2 million gain in 2009. The increase also includes an unrealized gain of $0.8 million on the carrying value of the interest rate hedge held as a requirement under our Existing Credit Facilities in 2009 compared to an unrealized $1.2 million loss in 2008.
 
Income Tax Expense.  For the year ended December 31, 2009 we had an income tax expense of $0.3 million compared to $6.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008.
 
37

 
Results of Operations
 
Consolidated Results of Operations
 
The following table sets forth our consolidated results of operations for the periods indicated:
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
   
(in millions)
 
Statement of Operations Information:
                 
Revenues
  $ 254.7     $ 312.8     $ 376.3  
Expenses
                       
Operating expenses
    225.3       262.2       319.5  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    40.4       32.3       30.2  
Interest expense, net
    (21.3 )     (18.6 )     (22.4 )
Other income (expense), net(1)
    (6.7 )     1.0       (6.2 )
Income tax expense (benefit)
    0.6       0.3       6.0  
       
 
(1)
Includes unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, foreign exchange gain (loss), loss on extinguishment of debt, and other income (expense) and gains and losses on assets.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Our primary sources of liquidity are cash generated from revenues by the Proprietary Services and Multi-client Services we provide to our clients, prepayments from clients, debt and equity offerings, our revolving credit facility, and equipment financings such as capital leases.
 
As of December 31, 2010, we had available liquidity as follows:
 
(Amounts in millions)
 
December 31,
2010
 
Available cash
  $ 28.2  
Undrawn borrowing capacity under Revolving Credit Facility
    35.0  
Net available liquidity
  $ 63.2  
 
Our primary uses of capital include the acquisition of seismic data recording equipment, seismic vehicles and vessels, other equipment needed to outfit new crews and to enhance the capabilities of and maintain existing crews’ energy sources, and investments in Multi-client data for our library. We also use capital to fund the working capital required to launch new crews and operate existing crews. Our cash position, consistent with our revenues, depends to a large extent on the level of demand for our services. Historically, we have supplemented cash from operations with borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility periodically from time to time as the need arises.
 
We are also required to post letters of credit or performance bonds in connection with a number of our international seismic data acquisition contracts as security for the performance of our obligations under those contracts. As of December 31, 2010, we had no outstanding letters of credit issued under our Revolving Credit Facility. Other letters of credit totaling $2.4 million were secured with the cash identified as “Restricted cash investments” on our balance sheet as of December 31, 2010.
 
For purposes of local payroll and other operating expenses we typically maintain cash balances with local banks in many of the foreign jurisdictions in which we operate. In some jurisdictions, our ability to transfer such cash balances to our U.S. based banks can require a period of weeks, or even months, due to local banking and other regulatory requirements. We do not consider the cash balances maintained in such accounts to be material.
 
 
38

 
The following table summarizes the net cash provided by (used in) operating, investing and financing activities for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009:
 
   
Year Ended
December 31,
 
(Amounts in millions)
 
2010
   
2009
 
Operating activities
    115.8       80.4  
Investing activities
    (212.7 )     (53.3 )
Financing activities
    108.1       (40.5 )
 
For the year ended December 31, 2010:
 
Operating Activities.  We rely primarily on cash flows from operations to fund working capital for current and future operations. Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $115.8 million, $80.4 million and $41.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. This resulted in an increase in operating cash flows of $35.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to the year ended December 31, 2009. The net (loss) income, attributable to common shareholders resulted in a use of cash of $40.2 million, as well as capitalized depreciation used $16.6 million of cash from operations. Our deferred revenue balance resulted in a use of cash during 2010 of $30.3 million as the pre-billings from our Multi-client projects from 2009 were booked into revenue during 2010. This was offset primarily from the depreciation and amortization change of $69.5 million and the loss on extinguishment of debt of $6.0 million during 2010, a combination of an increase to cash flow from operations of $75.5 million during 2010. The change in accounts receivable increased by $13.3 million year over year, primarily from better collections, as our Days Sales Outstanding (“DSO”) improved by nine days over 2009. Accounts payable and accrued expenses were $3.7 million in 2010 as compared to ($1.8) million in 2009, resulting in an increase to cash flows from operations of $5.5 million. Also contributing to the increase in cash flow from operations during 2010 was a combination of income and other taxes receivable of $11.1 million and income and taxes payable of $10.6 million, a difference of $21.7 million as compared to 2009.
 
Investing Activities.  Cash used in investing activities totaled $212.7 million, $53.3 million and $84.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The $159.5 million increase in cash used in investing activities in 2010 as compared to 2009 is primarily the result of an increase in capital equipment purchases of $18.8 million, and a $136.4 million in increase in investment in Multi- client library in 2010 compared to 2009. There was also an increase of $6.7 million from our purchase of new business during 2010.
 
Investing activities in the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009, and 2008 consisted primarily of the acquisition of new seismic data recording equipment, seismic energy sources, vehicles and vessels, and other equipment needed to outfit new and existing crews. Investments in our Multi-client seismic data library, totaled $170.8 million and $34.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. In addition, we financed $5.4 million, $3.1 million and $11.1 million of equipment through capital leases and accounts payable in the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009, and 2008, respectively. These are included on our statements of cash flows and the notes to our consolidated financial statements under the heading “Note 16—Supplemental Cash Flow Information.” Investing activities in 2011 are expected to consist primarily of investments in our Multi-client seismic data library and equipment purchases. The following table sets forth our investment in our Multi-client library for the period indicated:
 
   
Year Ended
December 31,
 
(Amounts in millions)
 
2010
   
2009
 
Cash investment in Multi-client library assets
    170.8       34.4  
Capitalized depreciation(1)
    20.4       3.7  
Non-cash data exchange
    10.0       8.9  

   
At December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
Total capitalized investment at cost (cumulative, at period end)
  $ 276.4     $ 75.2  
Less: Accumulated amortization of Multi-client library assets
    130.5       37.8  
Multi-client net book value (at period end)
  $ 145.9     $ 37.4  
       
 
(1)
Represents capitalized cost of the equipment, owned or leased, and utilized in connection with Multi-client seismic acquisition.

 
39

 
        Financing Activities.  Financing activities increased by $148.6 million in cash in the year ended December 31, 2010. In the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, financing activities used $40.5 million and generated $57.1 million in cash, respectively. Financing activities in 2010 consisted of our initial public offering and the sale of our $200 million 101/2% senior notes due 2017 (see below).

        Please see our consolidated financial statements presented elsewhere in this annual report for more information on our operating, investing, and financing cash flows.
 
Capital Resources.  In connection with the closing of our initial public offering and the sale of our $200 million 101/2% senior notes due 2017 on April 27, 2010 (described below), we repaid all outstanding borrowings under a $150.0 million First Lien Credit Agreement, dated January 16, 2008, with Credit Suisse, as administrative agent and collateral agent, and a $50.0 million second lien term loan agreement, dated January 16, 2008, with Credit Suisse, as administrative agent and collateral agent, and a construction loan agreement, dated February 13, 2008, and subsequently amended on August 28, 2009, with Citibank, N.A. (total available borrowing capacity of $5.4 million) which provided financing of the construction of our Missouri City headquarters facility. These repayments resulted in the termination of each of these borrowing arrangements. The prepayment of our construction loan resulted in the incurrence of $0.2 million in prepayment penalties. In addition, we repaid all outstanding capital lease commitments.
 
On April 22, 2010, we entered into a Purchase Agreement with Barclays Capital Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC and Banc of America Securities LLC, as representatives of the initial purchasers (the “Initial Purchasers”), relating to the offer and sale by us of $200 million aggregate principal amount, 101/2% senior notes due May 1, 2017 (the “Notes”). We received net proceeds from the offering of approximately $188.1 million after deducting the Initial Purchasers’ discounts, offering expenses and original issue discount. The issuance of the Notes occurred on April 27, 2010. The Notes were offered and sold to the Initial Purchasers and resold only to qualified institutional buyers in compliance with the exemption from registration provided by Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and in offshore transactions in reliance on Regulation S under the Securities Act.
 
On April 27, 2010, we completed an initial public offering of our shares on the New York Stock Exchange. The net proceeds from this offering were approximately $76.4 million after deducting underwriting discounts, fees and offering expenses. As described in our final prospectus dated April 22, 2010 (the “Prospectus”) contained in our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-162540), we used the net proceeds of the offering to pay down indebtedness and the remaining proceeds were used for anticipated capital expenditures and general working capital purposes. We did not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the Common Stock sold by the selling stockholders.
 
On April 30, 2010, we completed the closing of a new revolving credit facility under the terms of a Credit Agreement (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) with Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent for each lender party to the Revolving Credit Facility. Our Revolving Credit Facility provides for borrowings of up to $50.0 million. The loans under our Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR plus the Applicable Rate or the Base Rate plus the Applicable Rate. The Base Rate is defined as the higher of (x) the prime rate and (y) the Federal Funds rate plus 0.50%. The Applicable Rate is defined as a percentage determined in accordance with a pricing grid based upon our leverage ratio, that will decline from LIBOR plus 4.00% or the prime rate plus 3.00% to a minimum rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.50% or the prime rate plus 2.50%. We are able to prepay borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility at any time without penalty or premium, subject to reimbursement of the lenders’ breakage and redeployment costs in the case of prepayment of LIBOR borrowings. We also will pay a commitment fee of 0.75% per annum on the actual daily unused portions of the Revolving Credit Facility.
 
Capital Expenditures.  Capital expenditures for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 were $246.5 million, $71.2 million and $89.1 million, respectively. The $246.5 million capital expenditures in 2010 consisted of $45.3 million for equipment upgrades for existing crews, and $201.2 million invested in our Multi-client library, comprised of a cash investment of $170.8 million, $20.4 million in capitalized depreciation, and $10.0 million in non cash data exchange. In 2009, we invested $47.0 million in our Multi-client library, comprised of $34.4 million in cash investment, $3.7 million in capitalized depreciation and $8.9 million of non-cash data exchange.
 
We expect to spend approximately $30 to $40 million on capital expenditures, (excluding capital expenditures related to our Multi-client Services) for property, plant and equipment in 2011, of which approximately $10 to $15 million is expected to be allocated to the expansion of our facilities and equipment. The remaining 2011 capital expenditures budget is expected to be allocated to the development and purchase of additional equipment, including the development of land and seafloor nodal technologies. We expect that our capital budget for 2011 will increase to include expenditures with respect to our Multi-client Services, subject to the demands of our clients to expand current Multi-client projects and opportunities to initiate and develop new Multi-client projects.
 
 
40

 
We continuously reevaluate our capital budget based on market conditions and other factors and may defer or accelerate capital expenditures depending on market conditions or our ability to obtain capital on attractive terms. Depending on the market demand for seismic services or other growth opportunities that may arise, we may require additional debt or equity financing.
 
We believe that our current working capital, projected cash flow from operations, and available amounts under our credit facilities will be sufficient to meet our capital requirements for our existing operations for the next 12 months. Although we expect to continue generating positive cash flow from our operations, events beyond our control may affect our financial condition or results of operations. These events include, but are not limited to, a significant drop in prices for oil and natural gas and a corresponding drop in demand for our services.
 
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
We had no off-balance sheet arrangements for the year ended December 31, 2010.
 
Contractual Obligations
 
The following table summarizes the payments due in specific periods related to our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2010:
 
   
Payments Due by Period
 
   
Total
   
Within 1 Year
   
1 - 3 Years
   
3 - 5 Years
   
After 5 Years
 
   
(in millions)
 
Long-term debt obligations
  $ 218.3       3.3       15.0       0.0       200.0  
Operating lease obligations
    2.7       1.8       0.7       0.2       0.0  
Purchase obligations(1)
    0.7       0.7       0.0       0.0       0.0  
Total
  $ 221.7       5.8       15.7       0.2       200.0  
   
(1)
Represents an option to purchase from a former employee 46,794 shares of common stock at $15 per share.
 
Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks
 
In the normal course of operations, we are exposed to market risks primarily from credit risk, changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rate risks.
 
Credit Risk
 
Financial instruments, which potentially subject us to concentration of credit risk, consist primarily of unsecured trade receivables. In the normal course of business, we provide credit terms to our customers. Accordingly, we perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and maintain allowances for possible losses which, when realized, have been within the range of our expectations. We believe that our unreserved trade receivables at December 31, 2010, are collectible and our allowance for doubtful accounts is adequate.
 
We generally provide services to a relatively small group of key customers that account for a significant percentage of our accounts receivable at any given time. Our key customers vary over time. We extend credit to various companies in the oil and natural gas industry, including our key customers, for the acquisition of seismic data, which results in a concentration of credit risk. This concentration of credit risk may be affected by changes in the economic or other conditions of our key customers and may accordingly impact our overall credit risk.
 
We have cash in bank and restricted cash which, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. We have not experienced any losses in such accounts.
 
Interest Rate Risk
 
Fluctuations in the general level of interest rates on our current and future fixed and variable debt obligations expose us to market risk. We are vulnerable to significant fluctuations in interest rates affecting our adjustable rate debt, and any future refinancing of our fixed rate debt and our future debt. At December 31, 2010, we were exposed to interest rate fluctuations on our credit facilities carrying variable interest rates.
 
 
41

 
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
 
We currently conduct business in many foreign countries. As a company that derives a substantial amount of our revenue from sales internationally, we are subject to risks relating to fluctuations in currency exchange rates. Fluctuations in the exchange rate of the U.S. dollar against such other currencies have had in the past and can be expected in future periods to have a significant effect upon our results of operations.
 
While we attempt to reduce the risks associated with such exchange rate fluctuations, we cannot provide assurance that we will be effective in doing so or that fluctuations in the value of the currencies in which we operate will not materially affect our results of operations in the future.
 
Inflation Risk
 
We do not believe that inflation has had a significant impact on our business, financial condition, or results of operations during the most recent three years.
 
Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
 
Our Annual Consolidated Financial Statements, Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and the reports of UHY LLP (“UHY”), our independent registered public accounting firm, with respect thereto, referred to in the Table of Contents to Consolidated Financial Statements, appear beginning on page F-1 of this document and are incorporated herein by reference.
 
Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
 
None.
 
Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures
 
Disclosure controls and procedures
 
In order to ensure that the information we must disclose in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission is recorded, processed, summarized and reported on a timely basis, our management, with the participation of its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Based on their evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-K, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective. It should be noted that any system of controls, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. Further, the design of any control system is based in part upon certain judgments, including the costs and benefits of controls and the likelihood of future events. Because of these and other inherent limitations of control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues, if any, within the Company have been detected.
 
Changes in internal control over financial reporting
 
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period ended December 31, 2010, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, such internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s internal controls exist within a dynamic environment and we continually strive to improve our internal controls and procedures to enhance the quality of our financial reporting.
 
Item 9B.  Other Information
 
None.
 
 
42

 
PART III
 
Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
 
The information required by this Item is set forth under the heading “Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance” in our 2011 Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) in connection with the solicitation of proxies for our 2011 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (“2011 Proxy Statement”) and is incorporated herein by reference. Such 2011 Proxy Statement will be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which this report relates.
 
Item 11.  Executive Compensation
 
The information required by this Item is set forth under the headings “Executive Compensation” and “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” in our 2011 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
 
Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
 
The information required by this Item is set forth under the headings “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in our 2011 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
 
Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence
 
The information required by this Item is set forth under the heading “Review, Approval or Ratification of Transactions with Related Persons” in our 2011 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
 
Item 14.  Principal Accountant Fees and Services
 
The information required by this Item is set forth under the heading “Fees Paid to Auditors” in our 2011 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
 
PART IV
 
Item 15.  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
 
(a)
List of documents filed as part of this Report
 
(1)
Consolidated Financial Statements: See Index to Consolidated Financial Statements on page F-1
 
(2)
Financial Statement Schedules
 
All financial statement schedules have been omitted, since the required information is not applicable or is not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, or because the information required is included in the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto.
 
(b)
Exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K
 
The information required by this Item is set forth on the Exhibit Index that follows the signature page of this Report.
 
 
43

 
SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
Global Geophysical Services, Inc.
 
     
     
Date: March 18, 2011
By:
/s/ Richard A. Degner
 
   
Richard A. Degner
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
       
Date: March 18, 2011
By:
/s/ P. Mathew Verghese
 
   
P. Mathew Verghese
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
 
 
Signature
               Title  
Date
     
     
/s/ Richard A. Degner
President and Director (Chief Executive
March 18, 2011
Richard A. Degner
Officer and Principal Executive Officer)
 
 
     
/s/ P. Mathew Verghese
Senior Vice President (Chief Financial
March 18, 2011
P. Mathew Verghese
Officer, Principal Financial Officer and
 
 
Principal Accounting Officer)
 
 
     
/s/ Thomas J. Fleure
Senior Vice President, Geophysical
March 18, 2011
Thomas J. Fleure
Technology and Director
 
 
     
/s/ Damir S. Skerl
Director
March 18, 2011
Damir S. Skerl
 
 
 
     
/s/ Michael C. Forrest
Director
March 18, 2011
Michael C. Forrest
 
 
 
     
/s/ George E. Matelich
Director
March 18, 2011
George E. Matelich
 
 
     
     
/s/ Stanley de Jongh Osborne
Director
March 18, 2011
Stanley de Jongh Osborne
 
 
 
     
/s/ Karl F. Kurz
Director
March 18, 2011
Karl F. Kurz
 
 
 
 
44

 
EXHIBIT INDEX
 
     
Incorporated by Reference
EXHIBIT
NO.
 
DESCRIPTION
Form
File Date
Exhibit No.
SEC File No.
         
2.1†
 
Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 5, 2008, by and among Global Geophysical Services, Inc., Weinman GeoScience, Inc., WGI Sub, LLC, Barry L. Weinman and Jane L. Weinman
S-1
10/16/09
2.1
333-163540
 
       
2.2†
 
Amendment No. 1 to Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 5, 2009, by and among Global Geophysical Services, Inc., Weinman GeoScience, Inc., WGI Sub, LLC, Barry L. Weinman and Jane L. Weinman
S-1
10/16/09
2.2
333-163540
 
       
2.3†
 
Amendment No. 2 to Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 15, 2009, by and among Global Geophysical Services, Inc., Weinman GeoScience, Inc., WGI Sub, LLC, Barry L. Weinman and Jane L. Weinman
S-1
10/16/09
2.3
333-163540
 
       
3.1†
 
Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation dated April 26, 2010
8-K
4/27/10
3.1
 
       
3.2†
 
Amended and Restated Bylaws dated April 27, 2010
8-K
4/27/10
3.2
 
       
4.1†
 
Form of Specimen Certificate of Global Geophysical Services, Inc.
S-1
10/16/09
4.1
333-163540
 
       
4.2†
 
Warrant Agreement, dated as of March 29, 2007, by and among Global Geophysical Services, Inc., Kelso Investment Associates VII, L.P. and KEP VI, LLC
S-1
10/16/09
4.2
333-163540
 
       
4.3†
 
Plan of Recapitalization of Global Geophysical Services, Inc., dated December 18, 2009
S-1
10/16/09
4.3
333-163540
 
       
4.4†
 
Indenture dated as of April 27, 2010, among the Company, The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, and the Guarantors
8-K
4/27/10
4.1
 
       
4.5†
 
Registration Rights Agreement dated as of April 27, 2010, among the Company, the Guarantors and Barclays Capital Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC and Banc of America Securities LLC, as representatives of the initial purchasers
8-K
4/27/10
4.2
 
       
4.6†
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 10, 2010, among Global MicroSeismic, Inc. (the “Guaranteeing Subsidiary”); Global Geophysical Services, Inc.; the other Guarantors (as defined in the Indenture) and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee
   
 
       
4.7†
Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of November 10, 2010, among Paisano Lease Co., Inc. and Global Eurasia, LLC (the “Guaranteeing Subsidiaries”); Global Geophysical Services, Inc.; the other Guarantors, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee
   
 
       
4.8†
Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 9, 2010, among Autoseis Development Company (the “Guaranteeing Subsidiary”) a wholly-owned subsidiary of AutoSeis, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Global Geophysical Services, Inc. respectively; Global Geophysical Services, Inc.; the other Guarantors, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee
   
 
       
10.1†
 
Multiple Advance Term Promissory Note, dated as of February 13, 2008, by and between Citibank, N.A. GGS International Holdings, Inc. and Global Geophysical Services, Inc.
S-1
10/16/09
10.1
333-163540
 
 
45

     
Incorporated by Reference
EXHIBIT
NO.
 
DESCRIPTION
Form
File Date
Exhibit No.
SEC File No.
     
 
10.2†
 
Deed of Trust , dated as of February 13, 2008, by and between Citibank, N.A., GGS International Holdings, Inc. and Global Geophysical Services, Inc.
S-1
10/16/09
10.2
333-163540
 
       
10.3†
 
Construction Loan Agreement dated as of February 13, 2008, by and between Citibank, N.A., GGS International Holdings, Inc. and Global Geophysical Services, Inc.
S-1
10/16/09
10.3
333-163540
 
       
10.4†
*
Amended and Restated Cooperation Agreement dated May 1, 2007, by and between Sercel, Inc. and Global Geophysical Services, Inc.
S-1
10/16/09
10.4
333-163540
 
       
10.5†
 
First Lien Credit Agreement, dated as of January 16 , 2008, by and between Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Credit Suisse, Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Jefferies Finance LLC, Whitney National Bank and Allied Irish Banks PLC
S-1
10/16/09
10.5
333-163540
 
       
10.6†
 
Second Lien Credit Agreement, dated as of January 16 , 2008, by and between Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Credit Suisse, certain Lenders, Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC and Jefferies Finance LLC
S-1
10/16/09
10.6
333-163540
 
       
10.7†
 
First Lien Collateral Agreement, dated as of January 16, 2008, by and among Global Geophysical Services, Inc., certain subsidiaries of Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Credit Suisse
S-1
10/16/09
10.7
333-163540
 
       
10.8†
 
Second Lien Collateral Agreement, dated as of January 16, 2008, by and among Global Geophysical Services, Inc., certain subsidiaries of Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Credit Suisse
S-1
10/16/09
10.8
333-163540
 
       
10.9†
 
First Lien Preferred Fleet Mortgage, dated as January 16 , 2008, among Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Credit Suisse, Cayman Islands Branch
S-1
10/16/09
10.9
333-163540
 
       
10.10†
 
Second Lien Preferred Fleet Mortgage, dated January 16, 2008, among Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Credit Suisse, Cayman Islands Branch
S-1
10/16/09
10.10
333-163540
 
       
10.11†
 
Transition Agreement, dated July 2, 2008 by and between Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Craig A. Lindberg
S-1
10/16/09
10.11
333-163540
 
       
10.12†
 
Employment Agreement, dated as of June 5, 2008, by and between Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Barry L. Weinman
S-1
10/16/09
10.12
333-163540
 
       
10.13†
 
Employment Agreement dated as of June 5, 2008, by and between Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Jane L. Weinman
S-1
10/16/09
10.13
333-163540
 
       
10.14†
 
Stockholders Agreement dated as of November 30, 2006 among Global Geophysical Services, Inc., Kelso Investment Associates VI, L.P., KEP VI, LLC, and those other parties identified therein
S-1
10/16/09
10.14
333-163540
 
       
10.15†
 
Subordinated Promissory Note issued by Global Geophysical Services, Inc. to WGI Sub, LLC as of December 10, 2008 in the amount of $6.6 million
S-1
10/16/09
10.15
333-163540
 
       
10.16†
 
Subordinated Promissory Note issued by Global Geophysical Services, Inc. to Weinman GeoScience, Inc., as of December 10, 2008 in the amount of $5.4 million
S-1
10/16/09
10.16
333-163540
 
       
10.17†
 
Letter Agreement amending Subordinated Promissory Note dated as of December 10, 2008, by and among Global Geophysical Services, Inc., and WGI Sub, LLC, as of May 5, 2009
S-1
10/16/09
10.17
333-163540
 
 
46

 
     
Incorporated by Reference
EXHIBIT
NO.
 
DESCRIPTION
Form
File Date
Exhibit No.
SEC File No.
     
 
       
10.18†
 
Letter Agreement amending Subordinated Promissory Note dated as of December 10, 2008, by and among Global Geophysical Services, Inc., and Weinman GeoScience, Inc., as of May 5, 2009
S-1
10/16/09
10.18
333-163540
 
       
10.19†
 
Letter Agreement amending Subordinated Promissory Note dated as of December 10, 2008, as amended by Letter Agreement dated May 5, 2009, by and among Global Geophysical Services, Inc., and WGI Sub, LLC, as of June 15, 2009
S-1
10/16/09
10.19
333-163540
 
       
10.20†
 
Letter Agreement amending Subordinated Promissory Note dated as of December 10, 2008, as amended by Letter Agreement dated May 5, 2009, by and among Global Geophysical Services, Inc., and Weinman GeoScience, Inc., as of June 15, 2009
S-1
10/16/09
10.20
333-163540
 
       
10.21†
 
Amendment No. 1 and Waiver dated as of October 30, 2009, under the First Lien Credit Agreement among Global Geophysical Services, Inc., the Lenders party thereto and Credit Suisse, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent
S-1
10/16/09
10.21
333-163540
 
       
10.22†
 
Amendment No. 1 and Waiver dated as of October 30, 2009, under the Second Lien Credit Agreement among Global Geophysical Services, Inc., the Lenders party thereto and Credit Suisse, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent
S-1
10/16/09
10.22
333-163540
 
       
10.23†
 
Employment Agreement dated effective December 24, 2009 between Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Mathew Verghese
S-1
10/16/09
10.23
333-163540
 
       
10.24†
 
Employment Agreement dated effective December 24, 2009 between Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Alvin L. Thomas II
S-1
10/16/09
10.24
333-163540
 
       
10.25†
 
Form of Indemnification Agreement between Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and its directors.
S-1
10/16/09
10.25
333-163540
 
       
10.26†
 
Form of Lock-up Agreement applicable to selling stockholders of Global Geophysical, Inc.
S-1
10/16/09
10.26
333-163540
10.27†
 
Form of Lock-up Agreement applicable to officers, directors and stockholders of Global Geophysical, Inc. other than selling stockholders
S-1
10/16/09
10.27
333-163540
 
       
10.28†
 
Letter Agreement dated December 1, 2006, between Kelso & Company, L.P. and Global Geophysical, Inc.
S-1
10/16/09
10.28
333-163540
 
       
10.29†
 
Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement
S-1
10/16/09
10.29
333-163540
 
       
10.30†
 
Form of Grant of Restricted Stock
S-1
10/16/09
10.30
333-163540
 
       
10.31†
 
Stock Repurchase Agreement dated December 29, 2009, between Richard Degner, Tom Fleure, Heidi Brown, John Degner and Global Geophysical Services, Inc.
S-1
10/16/09
10.31
333-163540
 
       
10.32†
*
First Amendment amending Amended and Restated Cooperation Agreement dated May 1, 2007, between Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Sercel, Inc., as of January 13, 2010,
S-1
10/16/09
10.32
333-163540
 
       
10.33†
 
First Amendment amending Stockholders Agreement between Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and certain stockholders dated November 30, 2006, as of January 13, 2010
S-1
10/16/09
10.33
333-163540
 
 
47

     
Incorporated by Reference
EXHIBIT
NO.
 
DESCRIPTION
Form
File Date
Exhibit No.
SEC File No.
     
 
 
       
10.34†
Global Geophysical Services, Inc. Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Compensation Plan, effective as of February 5, 2010
   
 
       
10.35†
*
Second Amendment amending the First Amendment to the Amended and Restated Cooperation Agreement dated January 13, 2010, between Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Sercel, Inc., as of March 5, 2010
S-1
10/16/09
10.35
333-163540
 
       
10.36†
 
Note Purchase Agreement dated as of April 22, 2010, among the Company, the Guarantors and Barclays Capital Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC and Banc of America Securities LLC, as representatives of the initial purchasers
8-K
8/27/10
10.1
 
       
10.37†
 
Credit Agreement dated as of April 30, 2010 by and among Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender and L/C Issuer, and each lender from time to time party thereto
8-K
5/3/10
10.1
 
       
10.38†
Security Agreement dated as of April 30, 2010 by and among Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and other Debtors parties in favor of Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent
   
 
       
10.39†
Supplemental No.1 dated as of September 8, 2010 to the Security Agreement dated as of April 30, 2010, among Global Geophysical Services, Inc., Global Microseismic, Inc., and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent
   
 
       
10.40†
Supplemental No.2 dated as of November 12, 2010 to the Security Agreement dated as of April 30, 2010, among Global Geophysical Services, Inc., Paisano Lease Co. Inc., Global Eurasia, LLC, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent
   
 
       
10.41†
Supplemental No.3 dated as of December 7, 2010 to the Security Agreement dated as of April 30, 2010, among Global Geophysical Services, Inc., Autoseis Development Company, and Bank of America, N.A. ,as administrative agent
   
 
       
10.42†
Assignment of Insurance among Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Bank of America, N.A. dated April 30, 2010
   
 
       
10.43†
Deed of Trust, Security Agreement, Assignment of Rents and Leases and Fixture Filing (Texas) by and from Global Geophysical Services, Inc. to Aaron Roffwarg for the benefit of Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, dated April 30, 2010
   
 
       
10.44†
First Preferred Fleet Mortgage by Global Geophysical Services, Inc. to Bank of America, N.A. dated April 30, 2010
   
 
       
10.45†
Guaranty to Bank of America, N.A. dated April 30, 2010
   
 
       
10.46†
Note payable to Citibank, N.A. dated April 30, 2010
   
 
       
10.47†
 
Employment Agreement dated as of October 15, 2010 between Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Christopher P. Graham
8-K
10/21/10
10.1
 
       
12.1†
Statement Regarding Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
   
 
       
14.1†
Global Geophysical Services, Inc. Code of Business Conduct and Ethics dated November 9, 2010
   
 
       
21.1†
List of Subsidiaries of Global Geophysical Services, Inc.
   
 
 
48

     
Incorporated by Reference
EXHIBIT
NO.
 
DESCRIPTION
Form
File Date
Exhibit No.
SEC File No.
     
 
23.1†
Consent of UHY LP
   
 
       
31.1†
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
   
 
       
31.2†
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
   
 
       
32.1†
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
   
 
       
32.2†
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
   
 
   
Previously filed.
 
††
Filed herewith.
 
*
Confidential portions have been filed separately with the Commission.
 
**
To be filed by amendment.
 

 
49

 
GLOBAL GEOPHYSICAL SERVICES, INC.
 
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
 

F-1
 

 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
To the Board of Directors of and Stockholders
Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Houston, Texas
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2010. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall consolidated financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. The Company is not required to have nor were we engaged to perform an audit of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
 
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Global Geophysical Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the consolidated results of their operations and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2010, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
 
/s/ UHY LLP
 
Houston, Texas
March 18, 2011
 
F-2 
 

 
GLOBAL GEOPHYSICAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
ASSETS
           
CURRENT ASSETS
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 28,237,302     $ 17,026,865  
Restricted cash investments
    2,443,857       5,346,066  
Accounts receivable, net
    69,509,391       73,568,184  
Income and other taxes receivable
    6,954,864       10,159,498  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    4,842,496       10,626,831  
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS
    111,987,910       116,727,444  
MULTI-CLIENT LIBRARY, net
    145,896,355       37,395,521  
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, net
    126,963,953       140,217,953  
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLES, net
    20,251,775       15,974,103  
DEFERRED TAX ASSET
    2,031,048        
OTHER
    6,135,459       6,304,570  
TOTAL ASSETS
  $ 413,266,500     $ 316,619,591  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-3 
 

 
GLOBAL GEOPHYSICAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Continued)
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
           
CURRENT LIABILITIES
           
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
  $ 44,058,306     $ 34,272,606  
Current portion of long-term debt
    3,344,261       1,983,282  
Current portion of capital lease obligations
          1,767,353  
Income and other taxes payable
    5,601,356       875,255  
Deferred revenue
    47,496,895       43,545,291  
Liability on derivative instruments
          331,163  
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES
    100,500,818       82,774,950  
DEFERRED INCOME TAXES
          3,826,131  
LONG-TERM DEBT, net of current portion and unamortized discount
    209,418,242       165,794,658  
CAPITAL LEASE OBLIGATIONS, net of current portion
          295,665  
NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS
    1,490,745        
TOTAL LIABILITIES
    311,409,805       252,691,404  
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (NOTE 15)
               
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Common Stock, $.01 par value, authorized 100,000,000 and 0 shares, 45,586,215 and 0 issued and 36,142,985 and 0 outstanding at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively
    455,862        
Preferred Stock, $.01 par value, authorized 5,000,000 and 0 shares, 0 and 0 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively
           
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, $.01 par value, authorized 0 and 50,000,000 shares, 0 and 28,358,394 issued and 0 and 20,617,751 outstanding at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively
          283,584  
Class A Common stock, $.01 par value, authorized 0 and 30,000,000 shares, 0 and 4,000,000 issued and 0 and 3,709,100 outstanding at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively
          40,000  
Class B Common stock, $.01 par value, authorized 0 and 120,000,000 shares, 0 and 5,736,107 issued and 0 and 4,471,021 outstanding at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively
          57,361  
Additional paid-in capital
    239,248,935       160,362,017  
Accumulated deficit
    (42,145,755 )     (2,429,862 )
      197,559,042       158,313,100  
Less: treasury stock, at cost, 9,443,230 and 9,296,629 shares at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively
    95,702,347       94,384,913  
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
    101,856,695       63,928,187  
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
  $ 413,266,500     $ 316,619,591  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-4 
 

 
GLOBAL GEOPHYSICAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
REVENUES
  $ 254,704,813     $ 312,796,377     $ 376,256,261  
OPERATING EXPENSES
    225,327,226       262,168,382       319,451,408  
GROSS PROFIT
    29,377,587       50,627,995       56,804,853  
SELLING, GENERAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES
    40,386,854       32,299,663       30,190,204  
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS
    (11,009,267 )     18,328,332       26,614,649  
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)
                       
Interest expense, net
    (21,268,611 )     (18,613,301 )     (22,383,705 )
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments
    331,163       822,094       (1,153,257 )
Foreign exchange gain (loss)
    (947,289 )     236,770       (5,210,431 )
Loss on extinguishment of debt
    (6,035,841 )            
Other income (expense)
    (24,584 )     (35,839 )     113,901  
TOTAL OTHER EXPENSE
    (27,945,162 )     (17,590,276 )     (28,633,492 )
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES
    (38,954,429 )     738,056       (2,018,843 )
INCOME TAX EXPENSE (BENEFIT)
                       
Current
    6,457,124       (336,439 )     7,453,873  
Deferred
    (5,857,179 )     629,136       (1,426,627 )
TOTAL INCOME TAX EXPENSE
    599,945       292,697       6,027,246  
INCOME (LOSS) AFTER INCOME TAXES
    (39,554,374 )     445,359       (8,046,089 )
NET INCOME, attributable to noncontrolling interests
    161,519              
NET INCOME (LOSS), attributable to common shareholders
  $ (39,715,893 )   $ 445,359     $ (8,046,089 )
INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE
                       
Basic
  $ (1.44 )   $ .05     $ (.98 )
Diluted
  $ (1.44 )   $ .02     $ (.98 )
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING
                       
Basic
    27,517,050       8,187,506       8,173,554  
Diluted
    27,517,050       28,787,643       8,173,554  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
F-5
 

 
GLOBAL GEOPHYSICAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
DECEMBER 31, 2010, 2009 AND 2008
 
   
Preferred
   
Common Stock
   
Common
   
Additional
Paid-in
   
Treasury
   
Accumulated
   
Total
Stockholders’
 
   
Stock
   
Class A
   
Class B
   
Stock
   
Capital
   
Stock
   
Deficit
   
Equity
 
Balances at December 31, 2007
  $ 277,010     $ 40,000     $ 54,193     $     $ 152,095,935     $ (87,592,915 )   $ 5,170,868     $ 70,045,091  
Issuance of common stock
                1,278                               1,278  
Issuance of preferred stock
                                               
Compensation expense associated with stock grants
                            1,229,420                   1,229,420  
Purchase of treasury stock
                                  (619,710 )           (619,710 )
Net loss attributable to common shareholders
                                        (8,046,089 )     (8,046,089 )
Balances at December 31, 2008
    277,010       40,000       55,471             153,325,355       (88,212,625 )     (2,875,221 )     62,609,990  
Issuance of common stock
                1,890                               1,890  
Issuance of preferred stock
    6,574                         5,515,200                   5,521,774  
Compensation expense associated with stock grants
                            1,521,462                   1,521,462  
Purchase of treasury stock
                                  (6,172,288 )           (6,172,288 )
Net income attributable to common shareholders
                                        445,359       445,359  
Balances at December 31, 2009
    283,584       40,000       57,361             160,362,017       (94,384,913 )     (2,429,862 )     63,928,187  
Issuance of common stock, net of costs of issuance of $7,573,652
                1,021       73,896       76,356,347                   76,431,264  
Conversion to common stock
    (283,584 )     (40,000 )     (58,382 )     381,966                          
Compensation expense associated with stock grants
                            3,129,291                   3,129,291  
Charitable contribution expense associated with stock grant
                            103,190                   103,190  
Put option liability
                            (701,910 )                 (701,910 )
Purchase of treasury stock
                                  (1,317,434 )           (1,317,434 )
Net loss attributable to common shareholders
                                        (39,715,893 )     (39,715,893 )
Balances at December 31, 2010
  $     $     $     $ 455,862     $ 239,248,935     $ (95,702,347 )   $ (42,145,755 )   $ 101,856,695  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-6 
 

 
GLOBAL GEOPHYSICAL SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
                 
Net (loss) income, attributable to common shareholders
  $ (39,715,893 )   $ 445,359     $ (8,046,089 )
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:
                       
Depreciation and amortization expense
    149,562,465       80,089,658       73,914,146  
Capitalized depreciation for Multi-client library
    (20,369,366 )     (3,729,362 )     (3,037,442 )
Amortization of debt issuance costs
    1,040,817       917,792       3,805,508  
Loss on extinguishment of debt
    6,035,841              
Noncontrolling interest
    161,519              
Stock-based compensation
    3,129,291       1,521,462       1,229,420  
Non-cash charitable contribution
    103,190              
Non-cash revenue from Multi-client data exchange
    (9,381,991 )     (8,880,000 )      
Deferred tax (benefit) expense
    (5,857,179 )     629,136       (1,426,627 )
Unrealized gain on derivative instrument
    (331,163 )     (822,094 )     1,153,257  
Loss on disposal of property and equipment
    2,628,811             (818,668 )
Effects of changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                       
Accounts receivable, net
    4,058,793       (9,213,863 )     (22,306,396 )
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    8,334,335       2,963,953       3,031,716  
Other assets
    1,527,315       (1,552,545 )     (548,721 )
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
    3,729,397       (1,767,333 )     (10,331,182 )
Deferred revenue
    3,254,894       33,545,953       3,056,315  
Income and other taxes receivable
    3,204,634       (7,854,943 )     (2,304,555 )
Income and other taxes payable
    4,726,101       (5,897,455 )     3,741,914  
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES
    115,841,811       80,395,718       41,112,596  
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
                       
Purchase of property and equipment
    (39,987,473 )     (21,143,151 )     (49,843,664 )
Investment in Multi-client library
    (170,755,194 )     (34,352,781 )     (25,169,740 )
Change in restricted cash investments
    2,902,209       2,216,272       (5,165,338 )
Purchase of business
    (6,718,067 )           (10,375,000 )
Noncontrolling interests
    1,329,226              
Proceeds from the sale of property and equipment
    497,411              
Proceeds from insurance claim
                5,855,000  
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES
    (212,731,888 )     (53,279,660 )     (84,698,742 )
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
                       
Proceeds from long-term debt, net of discount
    196,449,261       7,596,074       188,340,731  
Principal payments on long-term debt
    (170,477,253 )     (11,069,662 )     (121,423,726 )
Net (payments) proceeds on revolving credit facility
    15,000,000       (25,832,055 )     1,632,055  
Debt issuance costs
    (5,922,307 )           (5,223,122 )
Principal payments on capital lease obligations
    (2,063,018 )     (5,057,468 )     (5,597,366 )
Purchase of treasury stock
    (1,317,434 )     (6,172,288 )     (619,710 )
Issuances of stock, net
    76,431,265       1,890       1,278  
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) FINANCING ACTIVITIES
    108,100,514       (40,533,509 )     57,110,140  
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
    11,210,437       (13,417,451 )     13,523,994  
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of period
    17,026,865       30,444,316       16,920,322  
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of period
  $ 28,237,302     $ 17,026,865     $ 30,444,316  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-7 
 

 
NOTE 1—ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS
 
Global Geophysical Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the “Company”) are headquartered in Houston, Texas. The Company provides an integrated suite of seismic data solutions to the global oil and gas industry, including the Company’s high resolution RG-3D Reservoir Grade™ (“RG3D”) seismic service. The Company’s seismic data solutions consist primarily of seismic data acquisition, processing and interpretation services. Through these services, the Company delivers data that enables the creation of high quality images of the Earth’s subsurface that reveal complex structural and stratigraphic details. These images are used primarily by oil and gas companies to reduce risk associated with oil and gas exploration, to optimize well completion techniques and to monitor changes in hydrocarbon reservoirs. The Company integrates seismic survey design, data acquisition, processing and interpretation to deliver an enhanced product to clients. In addition, the Company owns and markets a growing seismic data library and licenses this data to clients on a non-exclusive basis.
 
NOTE 2—SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
Revenue Recognition:
 
Proprietary services
 
The Company’s seismic services are provided under cancelable service contracts, which vary in terms and conditions. The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with the terms of the contract. These contracts are either “turnkey” or “term” agreements or a combination of the two. Under turnkey agreements or the turnkey portions thereof, the Company recognizes revenue based upon quantifiable measures of progress, such as square miles or linear kilometers of data acquired. Under term agreements or the term portions thereof, period revenue is recognized on a day-rate basis. Under certain contracts where the client pays separately for the mobilization of equipment, the Company recognizes such mobilization fees as revenue during the performance of the seismic acquisition, using the same quantifiable measures of progress as for the acquisition work. The Company also receives reimbursements for certain other out-of-pocket expenses under the terms of its service contracts. The Company records amounts billed to clients in revenue at the gross amount including out-of-pocket expenses that are reimbursed by the client. In some instances, customers are billed in advance of services performed and the Company recognizes the liability as deferred revenue.
 
Multi-client Services
 
The Company generates Multi-client revenues by granting a license to seismic data. This allows clients to have access to seismic data at a cost that is generally less than acquiring data on a proprietary basis. The Company’s Multi-client projects differ from seismic data services projects in that the Company sets the specifications of the program, generally handles all aspects of the seismic data acquisition and maintains ownership of the seismic data and its corresponding revenue stream.
 
Revenues are recorded under arrangements from the licensing of Multi-client data as pre-commitments, late sales and / or data swap transactions. Once a contract is signed, it will be classified as a pre-commitment, or a late sale and the entire contract will follow revenue recognition as transcribed below.
 
Revenues from the creation of Multi-client projects are recognized when (i) the Company has an arrangement with the customer that is validated by a signed contract, (ii) the sales price is fixed and determinable, (iii) collection is reasonably assured, and (iv) delivery, ‘as defined below’ has occurred. When the above criteria has been satisfied, the Company recognizes revenue using the proportionate performance method based upon quantifiable measures of progress such as square mile or linear kilometer of data acquired.
 
Revenues associated from a data swap transaction are recognized as a pre-commitment or late sale when (i) the Company has an arrangement with the customer that is validated by a signed contract, (ii) the value is determined according to Company policy, and (iii) the asset exchanged for has been received. Delivery is defined as ‘data is made available to the customer to view’.
 
If the data is subject to any incremental processing, the Company holds back a portion of the revenue to be recognized upon the delivery of the processed data to the customer. This hold back is calculated as a percentage of the data processing cost remaining to complete over the entire cost of the project.
 
F-8 
 

 
Pre-Commitment Revenues
 
Pre-Commitments represent one classification of Multi-client revenue. Pre-commitment revenues are contractual obligations whereby a client commits funds in advance of the Company’s acquisition of seismic data. In return for these pre-commitments, clients typically have some input with respect to project specifications and receive preferential pricing. The Company records pre-commitment payments as deferred revenue when they are received and records them as revenue on the basis of proportionate performance.
 
Late Sale Revenues
 
Late Sales represent another classification of Multi-client revenues. For any contract, if all or any portion of the data has been acquired by the Company and it can be made available to view by the customer, it will be classified as a late sale. For late sale contracts any portion associated with data which has not been acquired will be deferred and recognized as revenue on the basis of proportionate performance.
 
Multi-client Library
 
All costs directly incurred in acquiring, processing and otherwise completing a seismic survey are capitalized into the Multi-client library. The Company establishes amortization rates based on the estimated future revenues (both from pre-commitments and late sales) on an individual survey basis. The underlying estimates that form the basis for the sales forecast depend on historical and recent revenue trends, oil and gas prospectivity in particular regions, general economic conditions affecting the customer base, expected changes in technology and other factors. The estimation of future cash flows and fair value is highly subjective and inherently imprecise. Estimates can change materially from period to period based on many factors. Accordingly, if conditions change in the future, an impairment loss may be recorded relative to the seismic data library, which could be material to any particular reporting period. However, under no circumstance will an individual survey carry a net book value greater than a four-year straight-line amortized value. This is accomplished by comparing the cumulative amortization recorded for each survey to the cumulative straight-line amortization. If the cumulative straight-line amortization is higher for any specific survey, additional amortization expense is recorded, resulting in accumulated amortization being equal to the cumulative straight-line amortization for such survey. Amortization expense of the Multi-client seismic data was $92,702,426, $18,629,279 and $19,144,525 for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
 
Non-Monetary Transactions
 
The Company participates in certain non-cash data exchange transactions, in which the Company takes ownership of a customer’s seismic data in exchange for a non-exclusive license to selected seismic data from the Multi-client library. In these non-cash data exchange transactions, the Company records a data library asset for the data received and recognizes revenue on the transaction in accordance with its revenue recognition policy. These transactions are valued at the fair value of the data received or delivered, whichever is more readily determinable. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009, and 2008, the Company has recognized $9,381,991, $8,880,000, and $0 respectively, as revenue related to non-cash data transactions.
 
Mobilization Costs:  Transportation and other expenses incurred prior to the commencement of geophysical operations are deferred and amortized over the term of the related contract. See Note 3.
 
Financial Instruments:  Financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and payables, and debt. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable and payables approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. The Company believes the fair value and the carrying value of all other debt would not be materially different due to the instruments’ interest rates approximating market rates for similar borrowings at December 31, 2010 and 2009.
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents:  The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
 
Accounts Receivable:  Trade accounts receivables are recorded in accordance with terms and amounts specified in the related contracts on an ongoing basis. Amounts recorded as unbilled represent work done for customers but not billed at period end in accordance with contract provisions and generally are expected to be billed within a relatively short period of time. Management of the Company continually monitors accounts receivable for collectability issues. The Company evaluates the collectability of accounts receivable on a specific account basis using a combination of factors, including the age of the outstanding balances, evaluation of the customer’s financial condition, and discussions with relevant Company personnel and with the customers directly. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $3,484,612 and $1,697,830 at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
 
F-9 
 

 
The Company sometimes experiences disagreements or disputes with customers relating to the Company’s charges. As of December 31, 2010, the Company had disputes with certain customers which relate to charges for the Company’s services. Included in accounts receivable at December 31, 2010 are net receivables of approximately $4,800,000 related to such disputes. If the amount ultimately recovered with respect to any of these disputes is less than the revenue previously recorded, the difference will be recorded as an expense. None of these are expected to have a materially adverse effect on the Company’s earnings. Bad debt expense for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 was $3,090,972 and $4,096,646, respectively.
 
Property and Equipment:  Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed on the straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the various classes of assets as follows:
 
Boats
10 years
Computers and software
3 years
Furniture and fixtures
1 - 2 years
Machinery and equipment
3 - 7 years
 
Management’s estimation of useful life is based on circumstances that exist in the seismic industry and information available at the time of the asset purchase. As circumstances change and new information becomes available these estimates could change.
 
Disposals are removed at cost less accumulated depreciation with any resulting gain or loss reflected in income (loss) from operations within the statements of operations during the reporting period. During the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, the Company disposed of property and equipment, incurring a loss of $2,628,811, $0 and $818,668, respectively, which is included in operating expenses. Substantially all of the Company’s assets are pledged as collateral to secure debt.
 
Goodwill:  Goodwill represents the excess of costs over the fair value of net assets of acquired businesses. Goodwill acquired in a business combination is not amortized, but instead tested for impairment at least annually or when indicators of impairment are present. Under this goodwill impairment test, if the fair value of a reporting unit does not exceed its carrying value, the excess of fair value of the reporting unit over the fair value of its net assets is considered to be the implied fair value of goodwill. If the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, the difference is recognized as a loss on impairment of goodwill. Goodwill was evaluated for impairment at December 31, 2010 and was not deemed to be impaired.
 
Asset Impairment:  In accordance with the guidance for accounting for impairment or disposal of long-lived assets, the Company evaluates the recoverability of property and equipment and its Multi-client data library if facts and circumstances indicate that any of those assets might be impaired. If an evaluation is required, the estimated future undiscounted cash flows associated with the asset are compared to the asset’s carrying amount to determine if an impairment of such property and Multi-client data library is necessary. The effect of any impairment would be to expense the difference between the fair value of such property and its carrying value. There were no impairment charges in the statements of operations during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
 
For the Multi-client data library, the impairment evaluation is based first on a comparison of the undiscounted future cash flows over each component’s remaining estimated useful life with the carrying value of each library component. If the undiscounted cash flows are equal to or greater than the carrying value of such component, no impairment is recorded. If undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying value of any component, the forecast of future cash flows related to such component is discounted to fair value and compared with such component’s carrying amount. The difference between the library components’s carrying amount and the discounted future value of the expected revenue stream is recorded as an impairment charge. There were no impairment charges recognized in the statements of operations during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008.
 
Deferred Revenue:  Deferred revenue consists primarily of amounts contractually billable or client payments made in advance of work done and deferred fees related to the mobilization period. These amounts are amortized over the term of the related contract. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the deferred revenue balance was $47,496,895 and $43,545,291, respectively.
 
Treasury Stock:  The Company utilizes the cost method for accounting for its treasury stock acquisitions and dispositions.
 
F-10   
 

 
Stock Warrants:  At December 31, 2010, the Company had outstanding warrants which entitle the holders to purchase an aggregate of 390,000 shares of Common Stock of the Company at an exercise price of $4.25 per share.
 
Debt Issuance Costs:  The costs related to the issuance of debt are capitalized and amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the maturity period of the related debt. Accumulated amortization was $396,248 and $1,159,580 at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
 
In 2010 the Company recognized a loss on the extinguishment of debt in the amount of $6,035,841, which consisted of $4,005,707 and $2,030,134 for the debt issuance costs and the unamortized portion of the original issue discount, respectively, related to the Company’s Prior Facilities upon refinancing with the Notes offering in April 2010. See Note 9.
 
Concentrations of Credit Risk:  The Company maintains its cash in bank deposits with a financial institution. These deposits, at times, exceed federally insured limits. In July 2010, the Federal Insurance Corporation permanently increased its insurance from $100,000 to $250,000 per depositor and in November 2010 temporarily extended coverage, through December 2012, to an unlimited amount for non-interest bearing accounts. The Company monitors the financial condition of the financial institution and has not experienced any losses on such accounts. The Company is not party to any financial instruments which would have off-balance sheet credit or interest rate risk.
 
Advertising:  Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and were approximately $596,000, $355,000 and $347,500 for the years ended December 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
 
Income Taxes:  The Company follows current guidance in accounting for income taxes. Under the asset and liability method required by this guidance, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A deferred tax asset will be reduced by a valuation allowance when, based on the Company’s estimates, it is more likely than not that a portion of those assets will not be realized in a future period.
 
The Company follows current guidance regarding the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes. This guidance clarifies the accounting for income taxes by prescribing the minimum recognition threshold that an income tax position is required to meet before recognizing in the consolidated financial statements and applies to all income tax positions. Each income tax position is assessed using a two-step process. A determination is first made as to whether it is more likely than not that the income tax position will be sustained, based upon technical merits, upon examination by the taxing authorities. If the income tax position is expected to meet the more likely than not criteria, the benefit recorded in the consolidated financial statements equals the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely to be realized upon its ultimate settlement. Accordingly, the Company continues to recognize income tax related penalties and interest in the provision for income taxes.
 
Earnings Per Share:  The Company accounts for earnings per share in accordance with current guidance for earnings per share. Basic earnings per share amounts are calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the periods, including the dilutive effect of restricted stock, options and warrants granted. Dilutive restricted stock, options, and warrants that are issued during a period or that expire or are canceled during a period are reflected in the computations for the time they were outstanding during the periods being reported. Restricted stock, options and warrants, where the exercise price exceeds the average stock price for the period, are considered anti-dilutive and therefore are not included in the calculation of dilutive shares.
 
Foreign Operations:  The Company’s future revenues, in part, depend on operating results from its operations in foreign countries. The success of the Company’s operations is subject to various contingencies beyond management’s control. These contingencies include general and regional economic conditions, prices for crude oil and natural gas, competition and changes in regulation.
 
The Company enters into transactions that are not denominated in U.S. dollars. The transactions are translated to U.S. dollars and the exchange gains and losses are reported in other expense within the consolidated statements of operations.
 
Use of Estimates:  The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
 
F-11 
 

 
Reclassifications:  Certain amounts in the 2009 and 2008 consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the classifications in the 2010 consolidated financial statements.
 
NOTE 3—SELECTED BALANCE SHEET ACCOUNTS
 
Restricted cash:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
Pledged for letters of credit
  $ 2,443,857     $ 4,462,500  
Bank guarantee to a foreign government for export of equipment
          883,566  
    $ 2,443,857     $ 5,346,066  
 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
Mobilization costs, net
  $ 1,368,858     $ 9,410,108  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    923,638       1,216,723  
Note receivable, current portion
    2,550,000        
    $ 4,842,496     $ 10,626,831  
 
Accounts receivable:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
Accounts receivable, trade
  $ 47,775,478     $ 57,731,675  
Unbilled
    25,218,525       17,534,339  
Allowance for doubtful accounts
    (3,484,612 )     (1,697,830 )
    $ 69,509,391     $ 73,568,184  
 
Other:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
Debt issuance costs, net
  $ 5,526,060     $ 4,167,856  
Other
    609,399       2,136,714  
    $ 6,135,459     $ 6,304,570  
 
NOTE 4—MULTI-CLIENT LIBRARY
 
Multi-client library consisted of the following:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
Multi-client library, at cost
  $ 276,372,586     $ 75,169,326  
Less: accumulated amortization
    130,476,231       37,773,805  
Multi-client library, net
  $ 145,896,355     $ 37,395,521  

F-12 
 

 
NOTE 5—PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
 
Property and equipment consisted of the following:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
Furniture and fixtures
  $ 138,976     $ 138,976  
Boats
    7,174,287       6,424,288  
Machinery and equipment
    300,785,427       270,210,793  
Computers and software
    10,134,094       9,177,907  
Land
    2,035,153       2,035,153  
Buildings
    11,721,548       11,721,548  
      331,989,485       299,708,665  
Less: accumulated depreciation
    214,156,447       160,759,486  
      117,833,038       138,949,179  
Construction in process
    9,130,915       1,268,774  
Net property and equipment
  $ 126,963,953     $ 140,217,953  
 
The following table represents an analysis of depreciation expense:
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Gross depreciation expense
  $ 56,265,394     $ 60,583,280     $ 54,774,621  
Less: Capitalized depreciation for Multi-client library
    20,369,366       3,729,362       3,037,442  
Net depreciation expense
  $ 35,896,028     $ 56,853,918     $ 51,737,179  
 
NOTE 6—GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLES
 
In June 2008, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of WeinmanGeoscience, Inc. (“Weinman”) for the aggregate purchase price of approximately $22.0 million, including $10.0 million paid in cash and $12.0 million assumed as debt through the issuance of two promissory notes for $6.6 million and $5.4 million, respectively, due December 2010. Additional consideration of $10.0 million of cash or equity would be paid in 2010 if certain earn-out provisions are met. As a result of the acquisition, the Company recorded goodwill of $13,445,576 and other intangibles of $5,504,000.
 
In June 2009, the Company recorded a purchase accounting adjustment of approximately $2.5 million to reflect an amendment of the terms of the earn-out provision of the acquisition agreement and the conversion of $8.0 million of the principal amount of the promissory notes due to Weinman into 657,354 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. Consequently, the Company reduced notes payable by $8.0 million to reflect the conversion of debt to equity, increased stockholders’ equity to reflect the issuance of 657,354 shares at a value of $8.40 per share, and reduced goodwill by the implied change of the earn-out provision of the acquisition agreement of $2,478,226.
 
In addition, during 2008 the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of HMS Enterprises (“HMS”), a small seismic cable repair company, for a purchase price of $1,500,000, of which $375,000 was paid in cash and the balance of $1,125,000 is to be paid in shares of the Company in the event of an initial public offering. Such amount is included in Other Long-term Liability in the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2008. The Company and the seller entered into an agreement under which the Company is no longer obliged to issue shares of the Company. Accordingly, the reduction in the Other Long-term Liability has been offset against associated goodwill.
 
During 2010, the Company purchased substantially all of the assets of certain businesses for an aggregate purchase price of $8,218,067, of which $6,718,067 was paid in cash and $1,500,000 assumed debt through the issuance of a promissory note, due November 2011.
 
F-13 
 

 
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 were as follows:
 
Beginning balance January 1, 2009
  $ 14,945,576  
Purchase price adjustment in connection with converting debt to equity and amending the earn-out provision
    (2,478,226 )
HMS settlement
    (1,125,000 )
Ending balance, December 31, 2009
    11,342,350  
Acquisitions during 2010
    1,038,614  
Ending balance, December 31, 2010
  $ 12,380,964  
 
Goodwill and other intangibles included the following:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
Customer list
  $ 3,934,000     $ 3,934,000  
Trademark
    1,191,000       924,000  
Patents
    450,853       450,852  
Non-compete agreements
    865,539       200,000  
Intellectual property
    2,901,163        
      9,342,555       5,508,852  
Less: accumulated amortization
    1,471,744       877,099  
      7,870,811       4,631,753  
Goodwill
    12,380,964       11,342,350  
Total goodwill and other intangibles
  $ 20,251,775     $ 15,974,103  
 
Intangible assets subject to amortization are amortized over their estimated useful lives which are between two and fifteen years. Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 was $594,645, $877,099 and $0, respectively. Amortization expense is projected to be $1,691,434, $1,691,434, $1,635,972, $502,533, $502,533 and $1,846,905 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2011 through 2015 and thereafter, respectively.
 
NOTE 7—INCOME TAXES
 
The components of income tax expense were as follows:
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Current
                 
Federal
  $ 89,710     $ 472,467     $ (598,141 )
State
    206,442       271,525       56,804  
Foreign
    6,160,972       (1,080,431 )     7,995,210  
      6,457,124       (336,439 )     7,453,873  
Deferred
                       
Federal
    (9,698,242 )     1,752,032       (1,890,405 )
State
    1,507,755       (11,380 )      
Foreign
    2,333,308       (1,111,516 )     463,778  
      (5,857,179 )     629,136       (1,426,627 )
Income tax expense
  $ 599,945     $ 292,697     $ 6,027,246  

F-14 
 

 
The provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income tax determined by applying the U.S. statutory rate to the income (loss) before income taxes as follows:
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Income tax at statutory rate
  $ (13,634,050 )   $ 258,320     $ (706,595 )
US state income taxes (benefit)
    777,402       210,346       (64,603 )
Non-US effective rate different than statutory
    5,159,930       173,443       (532,975 )
Effect of non-deductible expenses
    2,275,071       1,900,921       4,190,099  
Net operating loss
          162,372       (2,299,462 )
Tax credits
          (4,203,967 )      
Change in valuation allowance
    3,667,409       1,791,262       5,347,915  
Liabilities for uncertain tax matters
    1,900,000              
Other
    454,183             92,867  
Income tax expense
  $ 599,945     $ 292,697     $ 6,027,246  
 
In 2010, the Company’s effective tax rate differed from the statutory rate primarily due to taxes paid in Non-U.S. jurisdictions, current year increases to the valuation allowance, increases to uncertain tax positions and non-deductible expenses. In 2009, the Company’s effective tax rate differed from the statutory rate, primarily due to increases to the valuation allowance, non-deductible expenses and foreign tax credits. In 2008, the Company’s effective tax rate differed from the statutory rate, primarily due to increases to the valuation allowance, non-deductible expenses and Non-U.S. permanent provision to return adjustments and non-deductible U.S transfer pricing adjustments.
 
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts reported for income tax purposes at the enacted tax rates in effect when the differences reverse. The components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
Deferred tax assets:
           
Net operating loss carryforwards
  $ 46,796,417     $ 25,240,546  
Alternative Minimum Tax
          387,456  
Foreign tax credits
    6,460,888       4,705,756  
Multi-client library
          4,758,164  
Other
          488,848  
Total gross deferred tax asset
    53,257,305       35,580,770  
Less: valuation allowance
    13,987,699       7,920,327  
Total gross deferred tax asset
    39,269,606       27,660,443  
Deferred tax liability:
               
Property and equipment
    (13,381,619 )     (31,486,574 )
Multi-client library
    (22,869,477 )      
Other
    (987,462 )      
Total gross deferred tax liability
    (37,238,558 )     (31,486,574 )
Deferred tax asset (liability), net
  $ 2,031,048     $ (3,826,131 )
 
As of December 31, 2010, the Company has approximately $91,548,000 in U.S. net operating loss carryforwards and $57,181,000 in non-U.S. net operating loss carryforwards. Such tax loss carryforwards expire in 2028-2030 in the U.S. and will not expire before 2012 in the non-U.S. jurisdictions. At December 31, 2010, the Company also has approximately $6,461,000 in foreign tax credit carryforwards, which expire in 2016-2020.
 
A valuation allowance is established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The valuation allowance is then adjusted when the realization of deferred tax assets becomes more likely than not. Adjustments are also made to recognize the expiration of carry forward items with corresponding adjustments to the deferred taxes. Based on the net operating losses incurred by the Company in different taxing jurisdictions and the “net operating loss” adjustments discussed above, the Company recorded valuation allowances primarily related to foreign net operating loss carry forwards. The allowance increased by $6,067,372, $1,791,452 and $5,912,473 in 2010, 2009, and 2008, respectively.
 
F-15 
 

 
The Company has unremitted earnings in certain foreign subsidiaries and management intends to permanently reinvest those earnings. During 2009, the Company remitted earnings from its Chilean subsidiary to the U.S. Withholding tax paid in connection with this remittance has been recognized in the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2009. Consistent with management’s intention to permanently reinvest earnings from its non-U.S. operations, U.S. Federal and State Income taxes have not been recognized on such earnings, as the Company does not intend to repatriate such earnings. At such time the Company determines that such earnings will be remitted, appropriate US Federal and State taxes, as applicable, will be recorded in the consolidated financial statements.
 
Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Liabilities for Uncertain Tax Matters):
 
The following table shows the change in the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits:
 
   
Year Ended
December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
Balance at January 1,
           
Additions based on tax positions taken in current year
  $     $  
Additions based on tax positions of prior years
    1,523,000        
Reductions due to settlements with taxing authorities
           
Reductions due to lapse of statutes of limitation
           
Balance at December 31,
  $ 1,523,000     $  
 
As of December 31, 2010, $1,523,000 of unrecognized tax benefits would affect the Company’s income tax expense and effective income tax rate if recognized in future periods. It is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits could change in the next 12 months.
 
The Company recognizes accrued interest related to unrecognized tax benefits and penalties as income tax expense. During 2010, the Company recognized $377,000 in interest and penalties related to the unrecognized tax benefits noted above. The Company had $377,000 accrued for the payment of interest and penalties as of December 31, 2010.
 
The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the United States and various foreign jurisdictions. The Company is no longer subject to examinations by income tax authorities in most jurisdictions for years prior to 2006.
 
NOTE 8—INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING
 
On April 21, 2010, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) with Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC and Barclays Capital Inc., as representatives of the several underwriters named therein (collectively, the “Underwriters”), providing for the offer and sale in a firm commitment offering of 7,500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 (the “Common Stock”), of which 500,000 shares were sold by selling stockholders, at a public offering price of $12.00 per share. Pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement, the Company and the selling stockholders granted the Underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional 625,000 shares and 500,000 shares of Common Stock, respectively, to cover over-allotments, which subsequently expired without being exercised.
 
The transactions contemplated by the Underwriting Agreement were consummated on April 27, 2010. The Company’s net proceeds from this offering were approximately $76.4 million after deducting underwriting discounts, fees and offering expenses. As described in the Company’s final prospectus dated April 22, 2010 (the “Prospectus”) contained in its Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-162540), the Company used the net proceeds of the offering to pay down indebtedness and will use the remaining proceeds for anticipated capital expenditures and general working capital purposes. The Company did not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the Common Stock sold by the selling stockholders.
 
Upon completion of the initial public offering, all existing shares of the Company’s outstanding Class A and Class B common stock and the Company’s Series A convertible preferred stock were converted into one class of common stock (the “Stock Conversions”). Under the terms of its amended certificate of incorporation the Company is authorized to issue 105,000,000 shares of capital stock which consists of 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share.
 
F-16 
 

 
NOTE 9—LONG-TERM DEBT
 
Senior Notes:  On April 22, 2010, the Company entered into a Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Barclays Capital Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC and Banc of America Securities LLC, as representatives of the initial purchasers (the “Initial Purchasers”), relating to the offer and sale by the Company of $200 million aggregate principal amount of its 101/2% senior notes due 2017 (the “Notes”). The Company’s net proceeds from the offering were approximately $188.1 million after deducting the Initial Purchasers’ discounts, offering expenses and original issue discount. The issuance of the Notes occurred on April 27, 2010. The Notes were offered and sold to the Initial Purchasers and resold only to qualified institutional buyers in compliance with the exemption from registration provided by Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and in offshore transactions in reliance on Regulation S under the Securities Act.
 
The Notes are a general unsecured, senior obligation of the Company. The Notes are unconditionally guaranteed as to principal, premium, if any, and interest by the Company’s domestic subsidiaries (the “Guarantors”) on a senior unsecured basis.
 
The Company used the proceeds from the offering and sale of the Notes to repay outstanding indebtedness and plans to use the remaining proceeds for anticipated capital expenditures and for general working capital purposes.
 
On April 27, 2010, in connection with the offering of the Notes, the Company entered into (i) an Indenture with The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., (the “Trustee”), and (ii) a Registration Rights Agreement with the Initial Purchasers. The following is a brief summary of the material terms and conditions of the Indenture and the Registration Rights Agreement.
 
The Company and the Guarantors entered into an Indenture with the Trustee, pursuant to which the Company issued the Notes at a price equal to 97.009% of their face value.
 
Interest—The Notes will bear interest from April 27, 2010 at a rate of 101/2% per annum. The Company will pay interest on the Notes semi-annually, in arrears, on May 1 and November 1 of each year, beginning November 1, 2010.
 
Principal and Maturity—The Notes were issued with a $200 million aggregate principal amount and will mature on May 1, 2017.
 
Optional Redemption by the Company—At any time prior to May 1, 2013, the Company may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes with the net cash proceeds of certain equity offerings at a redemption price of 110.500% of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes redeemed if at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes remains outstanding immediately after such redemption and the redemption occurs within 90 days of the closing date of such equity offering. On or after May 1, 2014, the Company may redeem the Notes at the following percentages of the original principal amount: (i) 105.250% from May 1, 2014 to April 30, 2015; (ii) 102.625% from May 1, 2015 to April 30, 2016; and (iii) 100% from May 1, 2016 and thereafter.
 
Repurchase Obligations by the Company—If there is a change of control of the Company (as defined in the Indenture), each holder of the Notes may require the Company to purchase their Notes at a price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of repurchase.
 
Events of Default—The Indenture also contains events of default including, but not limited to, the following: (i) nonpayment; (ii) defaults in certain other indebtedness of the Company or the Guarantors; and (iii) the failure of the Company or the Guarantors to comply with their respective covenants in the event of a mandatory redemption, optional redemption, option to repurchase, or a merger, consolidation or sale of assets. Upon an event of default, the holders of the Notes or the Trustee may declare the Notes due and immediately payable. As of December 31, 2010, the Company is in compliance with all respective covenants.
 
Bank of America Revolving Credit Facility:  On April 30, 2010, the Company entered into a new revolving credit facility under the terms of a Credit Agreement (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) with Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender and L/C Issuer, and each lender from time to time party thereto. The Revolving Credit Facility provides for borrowings of up to $50.0 million. The loans under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR plus the Applicable Rate or the Base Rate plus the Applicable Rate. The Base Rate is defined as the higher of (x) the prime rate and (y) the Federal Funds rate plus 0.50%. The Applicable Rate is defined as a percentage determined in accordance with a pricing grid based upon the Company’s leverage ratio, that will decline from LIBOR plus

 
F-17 
 

 
4.00% or the prime rate plus 3.00% to a minimum rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.50% or the prime rate plus 2.50%. The Company is able to prepay borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility at any time without penalty or premium, subject to reimbursement of the lenders’ breakage and redeployment costs in the case of prepayment of LIBOR borrowings. The Company also will pay a commitment fee of 0.75% per annum on the actual daily unused portions of the Revolving Credit Facility.
 
The Company’s Revolving Credit Facility is secured by a first priority lien on substantially all of the Company’s assets, the assets of the Company’s non-foreign subsidiaries, the stock of the Company’s non-foreign subsidiaries and 66% of the stock of certain of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries. In addition, the Company’s non-foreign subsidiaries will guarantee the Company’s obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility.
 
The terms of the Revolving Credit Facility will limit the Company’s ability and the ability of certain of the Company’s subsidiaries to, among other things: incur or guarantee additional indebtedness; grant additional liens on the Company’s assets; make certain investments or certain acquisitions of substantially all or a portion of another entity’s business or assets; merge with another entity or dispose of the Company’s assets; pay dividends; enter into transactions with affiliates; engage in other lines of business and repurchase stock.
 
Additionally, the Revolving Credit Facility requires that the Company maintain certain ratios of total senior secured debt to consolidated EBITDA (as defined therein), and of consolidated EBITDA to consolidated interest. The Revolving Credit Facility includes customary provisions with respect to events of default. Upon the occurrence and continuation of an event of default under the Revolving Credit Facility, the lenders will be able to, among other things, terminate their revolving loan commitments, accelerate the repayment of the loans outstanding and declare the same to be immediately due and payable. As of December 31, 2010, the Company is in compliance with all respective covenants.
 
In connection with the closing of the Company’s initial public offering and the sale of $200 million of the Company’s 101/2% senior notes due 2017 on April 27, 2010, the Company repaid all outstanding borrowings under the First Lien Credit Agreement, the Second Lien Credit Agreement, and the Construction Loan Agreement. These repayments resulted in the termination of each of these borrowing arrangements. The prepayment of the Construction Loan Agreement resulted in the incurrence of $160,000 in prepayment penalties.
 
Promissory Notes:  On November 18, 2010, the Company issued a promissory note for $1.5 million in association with the purchase of the assets of a certain business at an annual interest rate of twelve percent (12%). The balance as December 31, 2010 amounted to $913,000 and is payable in monthly installments of $83,000 through November 2011. In October 2010, the Company issued three promissory notes to two financial institutions in Colombia for $2,431,261 at annual interest rates ranging from 7.6% to 7.9%. The promissory notes were paid in full in January 2011.
 
Long-term debt consisted of the following:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
Senior notes
  $ 200,000,000     $  
Revolving credit facility
    15,000,000        
Promissory notes
    3,344,261        
First lien term loan
          113,900,000  
Second lien term loan
          50,000,000  
Notes payable—insurance
          627,816  
Mortgage
          5,362,437  
      218,344,261       169,890,253  
Less: unamortized discount
    5,581,758       2,112,313  
      212,762,503       167,777,940  
Less: current portion
    3,344,261       1,983,282  
Total notes payable and line of credit, net of current portion
  $ 209,418,242     $ 165,794,658  

F-18 
 

 
Future maturities of notes payable and line of credit for each of the next five years and thereafter are as follows:
 
Year Ending December 31,
     
2011
  $ 3,344,261  
2012
     
2013
    15,000,000  
2014
     
2015
     
Thereafter
    200,000,000  
    $ 218,344,261  
 
Interest Rate Swap:  On March 7, 2007, the Company entered into a $70.0 million notional value interest rate collar to protect its interest from unanticipated fluctuations in cash flows caused by volatility in the interest rate on its floating-rate debt. The two year swap arrangement effectively caps the 3-month LIBOR rate at 5.75% and sets the floor at 4.55%. The interest rate swap was terminated on March 31, 2010.
 
NOTE 10—FAIR VALUES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
 
Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted guidance as it relates to financial assets and financial liabilities, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value under generally accepted accounting principles and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The provisions of this standard apply to other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements.
 
This guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Hierarchical levels, as defined in this guidance and directly related to the amount of subjectivity associated with the inputs to fair valuations of these assets and liabilities are as follows:
 
Level 1—Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.
 
Level 2—Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (e.g., interest rates); and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.
 
Level 3—Inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.
 
The reported fair values for financial instruments that use Level 2 and Level 3 inputs to determine fair value are based on a variety of factors and assumptions. Accordingly, certain fair values may not represent actual values of the financial instruments that could have been realized as of December 31, 2010 or that will be realized in the future and do not include expenses that could be incurred in an actual sale or settlement.
 
In the normal course of operations, the Company is exposed to market risks arising from adverse changes in interest rates. Market risk is defined for these purposes as the potential for change in the fair value of debt instruments resulting from an adverse movement in interest rates.
 
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and short-term debt approximate their fair value due to the short maturity of those instruments or variable rates of interest. Accordingly, they have been excluded from the table below. The fair value of the Notes is determined by multiplying the principal amount by the market price. The following table sets forth the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2010 and 2009:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
Carrying
Amount
   
Fair
Value
   
Carrying
Amount
   
Fair
Value
 
Long-term debt
  $ 194,418,242     $ 198,250,000     $     $  

F-19 
 

 
The Company is not a party to any hedge arrangements, commodity swap agreement or other derivative financial instruments.
 
The Company utilizes foreign subsidiaries and branches to conduct operations outside of the United States. These operations expose the Company to market risks from changes in foreign exchange rates.
 
NOTE 11—EARNINGS PER SHARE
 
The Company follows current guidance for share-based payments which are considered as participating securities. Upon adoption, all share-based payment awards that contained non-forfeitable rights to dividends, whether paid or unpaid, were designated as participating securities and included in the computation of earnings per share (“EPS”). The prior period EPS data presented has been adjusted retrospectively.
 
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Net income (loss), attributable to common shareholders
  $ (39,715,893 )   $ 445,359     $ (8,046,089 )
Weighted average shares outstanding:
                       
Basic
    27,517,050       8,187,506       8,173,554  
Diluted
          20,600,137        
Total
    27,517,050       28,787,643       8,173,554  
Basic (loss) income per share
  $ (1.44 )   $ .05     $ (.98 )
Diluted (loss) income per share
  $ (1.44 )   $ .02     $ (.98 )
 
For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, 2,884,100, 2,642,200, and 2,802,300 out-of-the-money stock options have been excluded from diluted earnings per share because they are considered anti-dilutive, respectively.
 
For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, 390,000, 0 and 0 stock warrants have been excluded from diluted earnings per share because they are considered anti-dilutive, respectively.
 
NOTE 12—STOCK BASED COMPENSATION
 
The Company follows the current guidance for share-based payments which requires all stock-based payments, including stock options, to be recognized as an operating expense over the vesting period, based on their grant date fair values.
 
In July 2006, the Company’s board of directors and stockholders adopted the Global Geophysical Services, Inc. 2006 Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2006 Incentive Plan”). The 2006 Incentive Plan provides for a variety of incentive awards, including nonstatutory stock options, incentive stock options within the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code, or (the “Code”), stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, performance-based awards, and other stock-based awards. A total of 9,203,058 shares of common stock are reserved for issuance under the 2006 Incentive Plan. As of December 31, 2010, a total of 4,765,400 options have been granted and 1,881,300 have been forfeited.
 
Incentive Stock Options:  The Company estimates the fair value of each stock option on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model. The volatility is based on expected volatility over the expected life of eighty-four months. As the Company has not historically declared dividends, the dividend yield used in the calculation is zero. Actual value realized, if any, is dependent on the future performance of the Company’s common stock and overall stock market conditions. There is no assurance the value realized by an optionee will be at or near the value estimated by the Black-Scholes-Merton model. The following assumptions were used:
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Risk-free interest rates
    2.62 %     2.82 %     3.17 %
Expected lives (in years)
    7.00       7.00       7.00  
Expected dividend yield
    0.00 %     0.00 %     0.00 %
Expected volatility
    60.93 %     57.63 %     51.14 %

F-20
 

 
The computation of expected volatility during the year ended December 31, 2010 was based on the historical volatility. Historical volatility was calculated from historical data for the time approximately equal to the expected term of the option award starting from the grant date. The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for the period corresponding with the expected life of the option
 
A summary of the activity of the Company’s stock option plans for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 is presented below:
 
   
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
   
Number of
Optioned
Shares
   
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term in Years
   
Weighted
Average
Optioned
Grant Date
Fair Value
 
Balance as of December 31, 2007
  $ 22.86       2,432,600       10     $ 3.24  
Expired
                       
Granted
    24.31       811,600       10       6.80  
Exercised
                       
Forfeited
    22.62       (441,900 )           4.11  
Balance as of December 31, 2008
    23.32       2,802,300             4.48  
Expired
                       
Granted
    22.56       727,500       10       7.18  
Exercised
                       
Forfeited
    23.79       (887,600 )           5.22  
Balance as of December 31, 2009
    22.95       2,642,200       10       4.97  
Expired
                       
Granted
    22.71       562,900       10       11.38  
Exercised
                       
Forfeited
    22.69       (321,000 )           6.57  
Balance as of December 31, 2010
  $ 22.93       2,884,100       10     $ 6.04  
Exercisable as of December 31, 2010
  $ 23.05       1,392,450           $  
 
Outstanding options at December 31, 2010 expire during the period June 2017 to December 2020 and have exercise prices ranging from $12.50 to $30.00.
 
Compensation expense associated with stock options of $1,647,795, $745,560 and $539,683 for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the statements of operations. At December 31, 2010, the Company had approximately 1,392,000 of nonvested stock option awards. The total cost of nonvested stock option awards which the Company had not yet recognized was approximately $4,100,000 at December 31, 2010. Such amounts are expected to be recognized over a period of 4 years, beginning January 1, 2011.
 
Stock Warrants:  At December 31, 2010, the Company has outstanding warrants which entitle the holders to purchase an aggregate of 390,000 shares of common stock of the Company at an exercise price of $4.25 per share.
 
F-21 
 

 
Restricted Stock:  To encourage retention and performance, the Company granted certain employees and consultants restricted shares of common stock with a fair value per share determined in accordance with conventional valuation techniques, including but not limited to, arm’s length transactions, net book value or multiples of comparable company earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, as applicable.
 
   
Number of
Nonvested
Restricted
Share Awards
   
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 
Balance at December 31, 2007
    451,319     $ 3.16  
Granted
    127,767       6.73  
Vested
    (211,741 )     1.86  
Forfeited
    (81,036 )     3.77  
Balance at December 31, 2008
    286,309       4.36  
Granted
    189,000       8.89  
Vested
    (163,476 )     3.42  
Forfeited
    (30,544 )     5.05  
Balance at December 31, 2009
    281,289       7.88  
Granted
    488,714       9.75  
Vested
    (116,260 )     6.09  
Forfeited
    (58,690 )     6.51  
Nonvested Restricted Shares Outstanding December 31, 2010
    595,053     $ 9.90  
 
Compensation / charitable contribution expense associated with restricted stock of $1,584,686, $775,902 and $689,737 for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the statements of operations. The total cost of nonvested stock awards which the Company had not yet recognized at December 31, 2010 was approximately $3,333,000. This amount is expected to be recognized over the next three years.
 
NOTE 13—SEGMENT INFORMATION
 
The Company has two reportable segments: Proprietary Services and Multi-client Services.
 
The following table sets forth significant information concerning the Company’s reportable segments as of and for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. Proprietary services accounted for 47%, 92%, and 93% of total revenue for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, and Multi-client services accounted for 53%, 8%, and 7% of total revenue for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
 
   
As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2010
 
   
Proprietary Services
   
Multi-Client Services
   
Corporate
   
Total
 
Revenue
  $ 119,836,992     $ 134,867,821     $     $ 254,704,813  
Segment income (loss)
  $ (31,184,950 )   $ 24,877,514     $ (33,408,457 )   $ (39,715,893 )
Segment assets
  $ 43,288,468     $ 181,364,638     $ 188,613,394     $ 413,266,500  

   
As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2009
 
   
Proprietary Services
   
Multi-Client Services
   
Corporate
   
Total
 
Revenue
  $ 288,301,809     $ 24,494,568     $     $ 312,796,377  
Segment income (loss)
  $ 3,000,160     $ 1,626,467     $ (4,181,268 )   $ 445,359  
Segment assets
  $ 74,029,647     $ 57,720,387     $ 184,869,557     $ 316,619,591  

   
As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2008
 
   
Proprietary Services
   
Multi-Client Services
   
Corporate
   
Total
 
Revenue
  $ 351,271,592     $ 24,984,669     $     $ 376,256,261  
Segment income (loss)
  $ 14,962,212     $ 4,191,769     $ (27,200,070 )   $ (8,046,089 )
Segment assets
  $ 77,439,325     $ 11,872,992     $ 240,339,810     $ 329,652,127  
 
 
F-22

 
NOTE 14—EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
 
The Company provides a 401(k) plan as part of its employee benefits package in order to retain quality personnel. During 2010, 2009 and 2008, the Company made matching contributions equal to 100% of the first 3% and 50% of the next 2% of eligible compensation contributed by participating personnel. The Company’s matching contributions for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 were approximately $643,000, $581,000 and $444,000, respectively.
 
NOTE 15—COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
 
Leases:  The Company leases certain office space under non-cancelable operating lease agreements, which expire at various dates and require various minimum annual rentals. Future minimum rental payments under these leases (including new leases entered into in 2010) which have initial or remaining terms in excess of one year as of December 31, 2010, for each of the years remaining and in the aggregate are:
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
Operating
Leases
 
2011
  $ 1,779,700  
2012
    418,000  
2013
    238,400  
2014
    168,200  
2015
    57,300  
Total future minimum lease payments
  $ 2,661,600  
 
Rental expense for short-term and long-term operating leases for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 was approximately $23,631,000, $46,199,000 and $38,148,000, respectively.
 
Letter of Credit Facility:  In February 2007, the Company entered into a $10.0 million revolving line of credit which is secured by restricted cash. The terms of the letter of credit facility as currently written only allow for letters of credit to be drawn on the available credit; however, the cash balance in excess of the total outstanding letters of credit may be withdrawn at any time. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the letters of credit outstanding were $2,432,700 and $4,462,500, respectively.
 
The Company is involved in litigation in the normal course of business. Management does not expect the eventual outcome to have a material impact on the financial condition of the Company.
 
NOTE 16—SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
 
The following is supplemental cash flow information:
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Interest paid
  $ 16,737,957     $ 17,710,955     $ 18,841,933  
Income taxes paid
  $ 4,519,475     $ 3,979,155     $ 5,782,629  
 
The following is supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
Property and equipment additions financed through capital leases
  $     $ 325,941     $ 5,972,585  
Property and equipment additions financed through accounts payable and accrued expenses
  $ 5,354,393     $ 2,814,534     $ 5,121,479  
Option payable recorded against additional paid in capital
  $ 701,910     $     $  
Property and equipment sale financed through note receivable
  $ 2,550,000     $     $  
Non-cash multi-client asset recorded as deferred revenue
  $ 696,709     $     $  
Increase / decrease of Other Long-term Liability and Goodwill
  $     $ 1,125,000     $ 1,125,000  
Note payable converted to preferred stock
  $     $ 8,000,000     $  
Original issue discount on notes payable
  $ 5,982,000     $     $ 2,700,000  
Note payable related to purchase of business
  $ 1,500,000     $     $ 12,000,000  
 
 
F-23

 
NOTE 17—CUSTOMER CONCENTRATIONS
 
The Company’s sales are to clients whose activities relate to oil and gas exploration and production. In general, the Company does not require collateral from its customers. Therefore, the collection of receivables may be affected by the economy surrounding the oil and gas industry. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, customers representing more than 10% of the Company’s revenue and accounts receivable at the balance sheet dates are listed in the table below (figures in $ millions):
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
   
Revenue
   
% of Total
   
Revenue
   
% of Total
   
Revenue
   
% of Total
 
Customer 1
  $ 41.0       16 %   $ 115.4       37 %   $ 48.6       13 %
Customer 2
                50.0       16 %     41.0       11 %
Customer 3
                34.8       11 %            
Total
  $ 41.0       16 %   $ 200.2       64 %   $ 89.6       24 %

   
As of December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
   
Accounts
Receivable
   
% of Total
   
Accounts
Receivable
   
% of Total
   
Accounts
Receivable
   
% of Total
 
Customer 1
  $       %   $ 11.1       15 %   $ 4.6       7 %
Customer 2
                15.1       21 %     8.4       13 %
Customer 3
          %     6.1       8 %            
Total
  $ 2.7       4 %   $ 32.3       44 %   $ 14.8       23 %
 
For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, revenues from all geographic areas outside of the United States were $109.0 million, $132.7 million and $223.5 million, representing 43%, 42% and 59% of total revenues, respectively.
 
For the year ended December 31, 2010, purchases from the Company’s largest vendor were approximately $19.3 million, representing 5% of total purchases. Accounts payable for this vendor were approximately $0.4 million, representing approximately 9% of total accounts payable as of December 31, 2010. For the year ended December 31, 2009, purchases from the Company’s largest vendor were approximately $16.8 million, representing 6% of total purchases. Accounts payable for this vendor were approximately $2.8 million, representing approximately 27% of total accounts payable as of December 31, 2009. For the year ended December 31, 2008, purchases from the Company’s largest vendor were approximately $28.6 million, representing 11% of total purchases. Accounts payable for this vendor were approximately $0.2 million, representing approximately 5% of total accounts payable as of December 31, 2008.
 
NOTE 18—QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (Unaudited)
 
   
Quarter Ended
 
   
December 31,
   
September 30,
   
June 30,
   
March 31,
 
2010
                       
Revenue
  $ 93,463,911     $ 60,469,517     $ 40,110,189     $ 60,661,196  
Income (loss) from operations
  $ 10,077,450     $ (3,754,181 )   $ (10,884,066 )   $ (6,448,470 )
Other income (expense)
  $ (6,369,952 )   $ (5,770,624 )   $ (11,414,270 )   $ (4,390,316 )
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders
  $ (1,768,575 )   $ (18,645,402 )   $ (12,064,398 )   $ (7,237,518 )
Net income (loss) per common share:
                               
Basic
  $ (.05 )   $ (.52 )   $ (.41 )   $ (.88 )
Diluted
  $ (.05 )   $ (.52 )   $ (.41 )   $ (.88 )

   
Quarter Ended
 
   
December 31,
   
September 30,
   
June 30,
   
March 31,
 
2009
                       
Revenue
  $ 98,559,273     $ 89,709,234     $ 57,692,319     $ 66,835,551  
Income (loss) from operations
  $ 8,135,369     $ 9,625,652     $ (4,597,683 )   $ 5,164,994  
Other income (expense)
  $ (5,969,676 )   $ (3,865,203 )   $ (2,984,384 )   $ (4,771,013 )
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders
  $ (1,205,709 )   $ 6,367,574     $ (4,517,086 )   $ (199,420 )
Net income (loss) per common share:
                               
Basic
  $ (.15 )   $ .78     $ (.55 )   $ (.02 )
Diluted
  $ (.15 )   $ .78     $ (.55 )   $ (.02 )
 
 
F-24

 
NOTE 19—GUARANTEES OF REGISTERED SECURITIES
 
On August 3, 2010, the Company filed a registration statement on Form S-4 with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Under this registration statement, the Company exchanged $200 million of its publicly registered 10.50% senior notes due 2017 for a like amount of its privately placed 10.50% senior notes due 2017. The debt securities sold are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, on a joint and several basis, by the guarantor subsidiaries which will correspond to all subsidiaries located in the United States. The non-guarantor subsidiaries consist of all subsidiaries outside of the United States.
 
Separate condensed consolidating financial statement information for the guarantor subsidiaries and non-guarantor subsidiaries as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 and for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 is as follows:
 
   
As of December 31, 2010
 
   
Guarantors
   
Non-guarantors
   
Eliminations
   
Consolidated
 
BALANCE SHEET
                       
ASSETS
                       
Current assets
  $ 116,600,714     $ 26,123,142     $ (30,735,946 )   $ 111,987,910  
Multi-client library, net
    145,896,355                   145,896,355  
Property and equipment, net
    125,342,454       1,621,499             126,963,953  
Investment in subsidiaries
    1,099             (1,099 )      
Intercompany accounts
    17,325,928       (17,325,928 )            
Other non-current assets
    28,403,426       14,856             28,418,282  
TOTAL ASSETS
  $ 433,569,976     $ 10,433,569     $ (30,737,045 )   $ 413,266,500  
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
                               
Current liabilities
  $ 98,383,785     $ 32,852,979     $ (30,735,946 )   $ 100,500,818  
Long-term debt and capital lease obligations, net of current portion
    209,418,242                   209,418,242  
Deferred income tax and other non-current liabilities
    1,490,745                   1,490,745  
TOTAL LIABILITIES
    309,292,772       32,852,979       (30,735,946 )     311,409,805  
Stockholders’ equity
    124,277,204       (22,419,410 )     (1,099 )     101,856,695  
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
  $ 433,569,976     $ 10,433,569     $ (30,737,045 )   $ 413,266,500  

   
As of December 31, 2009
 
   
Guarantors
   
Non-guarantors
   
Eliminations
   
Consolidated
 
BALANCE SHEET
                       
ASSETS
                       
Current assets
  $ 82,022,731     $ 56,456,406     $ (21,751,693 )   $ 116,727,444  
Multi-client library, net
    37,395,521                   37,395,521  
Property and equipment, net
    138,394,183       1,823,770             140,217,953  
Investment in subsidiaries
    1,099             (1,099 )      
Intercompany accounts
    37,679,846       (37,679,846 )            
Other non-current assets
    22,211,327       67,346             22,278,673  
TOTAL ASSETS
  $ 317,704,707     $ 20,667,676     $ (21,752,792 )   $ 316,619,591  
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
                               
Current liabilities
  $ 79,948,550     $ 24,578,093     $ (21,751,693 )   $ 82,774,950  
Long-term debt and capital lease obligations, net of current portion
    166,090,323                   166,090,323  
Deferred income tax and other non-current liabilities
    3,826,131                   3,826,131  
TOTAL LIABILITIES
    249,865,004       24,578,093       (21,751,693 )     252,691,404  
Stockholders’ equity
    67,839,703       (3,910,417 )     (1,099 )     63,928,187  
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
  $ 317,704,707     $ 20,667,676     $ (21,752,792 )   $ 316,619,591  

 
F-25

 
   
Year Ended December 31, 2010
 
   
Guarantors
   
Non-guarantors
   
Eliminations
   
Consolidated
 
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
                       
Revenues
  $ 238,176,165     $ 30,342,412     $ (13,813,764 )   $ 254,704,813  
Expenses:
                               
Operating expenses
    200,229,998       37,749,281       (12,652,053 )     225,327,226  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    33,489,066       8,059,499       (1,161,711 )     40,386,854  
Total expenses
    233,719,064       45,808,780       (13,813,764 )     265,714,080  
Income (loss) from operations
    4,457,101       (15,466,368 )           (11,009,267 )
Interest income (expense), net
    (21,268,661 )     50             (21,268,611 )
Other expenses, net
    (6,612,996 )     (63,555 )           (6,676,551 )
Loss before income taxes
    (23,424,556 )     (15,529,873 )           (38,954,429 )
Income tax expense (benefit)
    (2,379,175 )     2,979,120             599,945  
Loss after income taxes
    (21,045,381 )     (18,508,993 )           (39,554,374 )
Net income, attributable to noncontrolling interests
    161,519                   161,519  
Net loss, attributable to common shareholders
  $ (21,206,900 )   $ (18,508,993 )   $     $ (39,715,893 )

   
Year Ended December 31, 2009
 
   
Guarantors
   
Non-guarantors
   
Eliminations
   
Consolidated
 
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
                       
Revenues
  $ 239,037,761     $ 102,215,631     $ (28,457,015 )   $ 312,796,377  
Expenses:
                               
Operating expenses
    196,059,102       93,626,805       (27,517,525 )     262,168,382  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    19,977,143       13,262,010       (939,490 )     32,299,663  
Total expenses
    216,036,245       106,888,815       (28,457,015 )     294,468,045  
Income (loss) from operations
    23,001,516       (4,673,184 )           18,328,332  
Interest expense, net
    (18,613,301 )                 (18,613,301 )
Other expenses, net
    1,007,383       15,642             1,023,025  
Income (loss) before income taxes
    5,395,598       (4,657,542 )           738,056  
Income tax expense (benefit)
    (2,792,826 )     3,085,523             292,697  
Net income (loss), attributable to common shareholders
  $ 8,188,424     $ (7,743,065 )   $     $ 445,359  

   
Year Ended December 31, 2008
 
   
Guarantors
   
Non-guarantors
   
Eliminations
   
Consolidated
 
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
                       
Revenues
  $ 219,171,057     $ 192,568,656     $ (35,483,452 )   $ 376,256,261  
Expenses:
                               
Operating expenses
    199,719,453       154,415,050       (34,683,095 )     319,451,408  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    10,619,177       20,371,384       (800,357 )     30,190,204  
Total expenses
    210,338,630       174,786,434       (35,483,452 )     349,641,612  
Income from operations
    8,832,427       17,782,222             26,614,649  
Interest income (expense), net
    (22,386,612 )     2,907             (22,383,705 )
Other expenses, net
    (1,484,991 )     (4,764,796 )           (6,249,787 )
Income (loss) before income taxes
    (15,039,176 )     13,020,333             (2,018,843 )
Income tax expense
    5,370,892       656,354             6,027,246  
Net income (loss), attributable to common shareholders
  $ (20,410,068 )   $ 12,363,979     $     $ (8,046,089 )

   
Year Ended December 31, 2010
 
   
Guarantors
   
Non-guarantors
   
Eliminations
   
Consolidated
 
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
                       
Net cash provided by operating activities
  $ 113,071,857     $ 2,769,954     $     $ 115,841,811  
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    (213,677,081 )     945,193             (212,731,888 )
Net cash provided by financing activities
    108,100,514                   108,100,514  
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
  $ 7,495,290     $ 3,715,147     $     $ 11,210,437  

 
F-26

 
   
Year Ended December 31, 2009
 
   
Guarantors
   
Non-guarantors
   
Eliminations
   
Consolidated
 
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
                       
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
  $ 89,299,913     $ (8,904,195 )   $     $ 80,395,718  
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    (53,641,972 )     362,312             (53,279,660 )
Net cash used in financing activities
    (40,533,509 )                 (40,533,509 )
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
  $ (4,875,568 )   $ (8,541,883 )   $     $ (13,417,451 )

   
Year Ended December 31, 2008
 
   
Guarantors
   
Non-guarantors
   
Eliminations
   
Consolidated
 
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
                       
Net cash provided by operating activities
  $ 34,498,254     $ 6,614,342     $     $ 41,112,596  
Net cash used in investing activities
    (80,909,906 )     (3,788,836 )           (84,698,742 )
Net cash provided by financing activities
    57,110,140                   57,110,140  
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
  $ 10,698,488     $ 2,825,506     $     $ 13,523,994  
 
NOTE 20—SUBSEQUENT EVENT
 
The Company evaluates events and transactions that occur after the balance sheet date but before the consolidated financial statements are issued. The Company evaluated such events and transactions through the date when the consolidated financial statements were filed electronically with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 
F-27

 

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