Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Business and Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of LiqTech International, Inc., the “Company” and its subsidiaries. The terms "Company", “us", "we" and "our" as used in this report refer to the Company and its subsidiaries, which are set forth below. The Company engages in the development, design, production, marketing and sale of automated filtering systems, ceramic silicon carbide liquid applications and diesel particulate air filters in the United States, Canada, Europe, Asia and South America. Set forth below is a description of the Company and each of its subsidiaries:

LiqTech International, Inc., a Nevada corporation organized in July 2004, formerly known as Blue Moose Media, Inc.

LiqTech USA, a Delaware corporation and a 100% owned subsidiary of the Company formed in May 2011.

LiqTech Holding A/S (formerly known as LiqTech International A/S), a Danish corporation, incorporated on January 15, 2000 (“LiqTech Holding”), a 100% owned subsidiary of LiqTech USA, handling all joint group activities such as management, marketing, finance, IT, etc.

LiqTech NA, Inc. (“LiqTech NA”), incorporated in Delaware on July 1, 2005, a 100% owned subsidiary of LiqTech USA, engaged in the production, marketing and sale of ceramic diesel particulate and liquid filters in the United States and Canada. LiqTech NA has closed operations in January 2021, and all activity in this company has ceased.

LiqTech Water A/S (formerly known as LiqTech Systems A/S), a Danish Corporation (“LiqTech Water”), incorporated on September 1, 2009, engaged in the manufacture of fully automated filtering systems for use within marine applications, municipal pool and spa applications, and other industrial applications within Denmark and international markets.

LiqTech Plastics A/S (formerly known as BS Plastic A/S), a Danish Corporation (“LiqTech Plastics”), acquired on September 1, 2019, engaged in the manufacture of specialized machined and welded plastic parts within Denmark and international markets.

LiqTech Ceramics A/S, a Danish corporation (“LiqTech Ceramics”), incorporated on December 20, 2019, engaged in the development, design, application, marketing and sales of membranes, ceramic diesel particulate and liquid filters, and catalytic converters in Europe, Asia and South America.

LiqTech Water Projects A/S, a Danish corporation (“LiqTech Water Projects”), incorporated on July 28, 2020 that is a dormant company without activity. The Company was formed to include the investments for our joint venture in the Middle East.

LiqTech Emission Control A/S, a Danish corporation (“LiqTech Emission Control”), incorporated on March 1, 2021 that is a dormant company without activity. The Company was formed to include the investments for our joint venture in China.

LiqTech Germany (“LiqTech Germany”), a 100% owned subsidiary of LiqTech Holding, incorporated in Germany on December 9, 2011. The Company is in the process of closing operations, and all activity in this company has ceased.

LiqTech PTE Ltd (“LiqTech Singapore”), a 95% owned subsidiary of LiqTech Holding, incorporated in Singapore on January 19, 2012. The Company is in the process of closing operations, and all activity in this company has ceased.

Consolidation -- The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries and its majority owned subsidiary. All material intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in the consolidation.

Reclassification – Certain amounts presented in previously issued financial statements have been reclassified to be consistent with the current period presentation. In the statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss), the company has reclassified the prior year comparative amounts of general and administrative expenses and other expenses to be consistent with the current classification.

Functional Currency / Foreign currency translation -- The functional currency of LiqTech International, Inc., LiqTech USA, Inc. and LiqTech NA is the U.S. Dollar. The Functional Currency of LiqTech Holding, LiqTech Water, LiqTech Plastics, LiqTech Ceramics, LiqTech Water Projects and LiqTech Emission Control is the Danish Krone (“DKK”); the functional currency of LiqTech Germany is the Euro; and the functional currency of LiqTech Singapore is the Singapore Dollar. The Company’s reporting currency is the U.S. Dollar for the purpose of these consolidated financial statements. The balance sheet accounts of the foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. Dollars at the period-end exchange rates, and all revenue and expenses are translated into U.S. Dollars at the average exchange rates prevailing during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. Translation gains and losses are deferred and accumulated as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity. Transaction gains and losses that arose from exchange rate fluctuations from transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the statement of operations as incurred. 

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash -- The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company held $1,500,000 and $1,515,620, respectively, of restricted cash. The restricted cash is held as security by a local financial institution for ensuring a leasing facility and for payment guarantees issued for the benefit of customers in connection with prepayments of sales orders and for warranties after the delivery of sales orders. The Company had no balances held in a financial institution in the United States in excess of federally insured amounts at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Accounts Receivable -- Account receivable consist of trade receivables arising in the normal course of business. The Company establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts that reflects the Company’s best estimate of probable losses inherent in the accounts receivable balance. The Company determines the allowance based on known troubled accounts, historical experience, age, financial information that is publicly accessible and other currently available evidence. 

The roll-forward of the allowance for doubtful accounts for the period ended June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 is as follows: 

	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
Allowance for doubtful accounts at the beginning of the period	$	498,044		$	612,434
Bad debt expense		76,280			320,270
Receivables written off during the periods		(24,895	)		(484,265	)
Effect of currency translation		(16,607	)		49,605
Allowance for doubtful accounts at the end of the period	$	532,822		$	498,044

Inventory – Inventory directly purchased is carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value, as determined on the first-in, first-out method.

For inventory produced, standard costs that approximate actual cost on the FIFO method are used to value inventory. Standard costs are reviewed at least annually by management or more often in the event that circumstances indicate a change in cost has occurred.

Work in process and finished goods include material, labor, and production overhead costs. The Company adjusts the value of its inventory to the extent that management determines that the cost cannot be recovered due to obsolescence or other factors.

Inventory valuation adjustments for excess and obsolete inventory are calculated based on current inventory levels, movement, expected useful lives, and estimated future demand of the products and spare parts.

Contracts Assets – Contract assets are the Company’s rights to consideration in exchange for goods or services and is recognized when a performance obligation has been satisfied but has not yet been billed. When the Company issues invoices to the customer and the billing is higher than the capitalized Contract assets, the net amount is transferred to Contract liabilities. Contract assets/liabilities are transferred to revenue and cost of goods sold when the right to consideration is unconditional and billed per the terms of the contractual agreement.

Contract assets also include unbilled receivables, which usually comprise the last invoice remaining after the delivery of the water treatment unit, where revenue is recognized at the transfer of control based upon signed acceptance of the water treatment unit by the customer. Most commonly this invoice is sent to the customer at commissioning of the product or no later than 12 months after the delivery. Also included in Contract assets are short-term receivables such as VAT and other receivables.

Leases -- In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases (“Topic 842”), which requires organizations that lease assets to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. Subsequent ASUs were issued to provide additional guidance.

On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted Topic 842 using the optional transition method of adoption, under which the new standards were applied prospectively rather than restating the prior periods presented. The Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted, which, among other things, allowed the Company to carry forward the historical lease classification. The Company made the accounting policy elections to not recognize lease assets and liabilities with an initial term of 12 months or less and to not separate lease and non-lease components. The Company’s accounting for finance leases (formerly called capital lease obligations) remains substantially unchanged. Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and liabilities were recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date was used in determining the present value. The Company will use the implicit rate when readily determinable. The operating lease ROU asset also included prepaid lease payments and was reduced by accrued lease payments. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that those options will be exercised. Operating lease cost for lease payments will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Property and Equipment -- Property and equipment are stated at cost. Expenditures for major renewals and betterments that extend the useful lives of property and equipment are capitalized upon being placed in service. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Depreciation is computed for financial statement purposes on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range from three to ten years.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets -- The purchase price of an acquired company is allocated between intangible assets and the net tangible assets of the acquired business, with the residual purchase price recorded as goodwill. The determination of the value of the intangible assets acquired involves certain judgments and estimates. These judgments can include, but are not limited to, the cash flows that an asset is expected to generate in the future and the appropriate weighted average cost of capital.

Acquired intangible assets with determinable useful lives are amortized on a straight-line or accelerated basis over the estimated periods benefited, ranging from one to ten years. Customer relationships and other non-contractual intangible assets with determinable lives are amortized over periods of five years.

The Company evaluates the recoverability of long-lived assets by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to estimated future net undiscounted cash flows generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment recognized is measured as the amount by which the carrying value of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. The evaluation of recoverability involves estimates of future operating cash flows based upon certain forecasted assumptions, including, but not limited to, revenue growth rates, gross profit margins, and operating expenses over the expected remaining useful life of the related asset. A shortfall in these estimated operating cash flows could result in an impairment charge in the future.

Goodwill is not amortized but is evaluated annually for impairment at the reporting unit level or when indicators of a potential impairment are present. The Company estimates the fair value of the reporting unit using the discounted cash flow and market approaches. Forecasts of future cash flows are based on the Company’s best estimate of future net sales and operating expenses, primarily using expected category expansion, pricing, market segment fundamentals, and general economic conditions.

Revenue Recognition -- On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers,” which includes clarifying ASUs issued in 2015, 2016 and 2017 (“new revenue standard”). The new revenue standard was applied to all open revenue contracts using the modified retrospective method as of January 1, 2018. The new revenue standard did not have a material impact on revenue recognition.

The Company sells products throughout the world; sales by geographical region are as follows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020:

	For the Three Months				For the Six Months
	Ended June 30,				Ended June 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
United States and Canada	$	195,611	$	307,480	$	361,199	$	433,962
Australia		235,157		61,706		259,851		103,961
South America		596		12,043		596		22,939
Asia		1,223,875		292,756		2,329,217		2,326,044
Europe		2,361,324		3,967,498		5,063,577		12,036,421
	$	4,016,563	$	4,641,483	$	8,014,440	$	14,923,327

The Company’s sales by product line are as follows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020:

	For the Three Months				For the Six Months
	Ended June 30,				Ended June 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Liquid filters and systems	$	1,080,004	$	2,551,710	$	2,237,340	$	10,531,998
Diesel particulate filters		1,810,743		1,160,695		3,741,807		2,720,757
Plastic components		1,016,370		762,384		1,830,396		1,343,794
Development projects		109,446		166,694		204,897		326,778
	$	4,016,563	$	4,641,483	$	8,014,440	$	14,923,327

For liquid filters and systems, membranes, diesel particulate filters and plastic components, revenue is recognized when performance obligations under the terms of a contract with the customer are satisfied, which occurs when control of the product transfers to the customer or when services are rendered by the Company. The majority of the Company's sales contracts contain performance obligations satisfied at a point in time when title and risks and rewards of ownership have transferred to the customer. This generally occurs when the product is shipped or accepted by the customer.  Revenue for service contracts is recognized as the services are provided. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration expected to be received in exchange for transferring the goods or providing services. The satisfaction of performance obligations under the terms of a revenue contract generally gives rise to the right to receive payment from the customer. The Company's standard payment terms vary by the type and location of the customer and the products or services offered. Generally, the time between when revenue is recognized and when payment is due is not significant. Pre-payments received prior to satisfaction of performance obligations are recorded as a Contract liability. Given the insignificant days between revenue recognition and receipt of payment, financing components do not exist between the Company and its customers.

For contracts with customers that include multiple performance obligations, judgment is required to determine whether performance obligations specified in these contracts are distinct and should be accounted for as separate revenue transactions for recognition purposes. For such arrangements, revenue is allocated to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. Standalone selling prices are generally determined based on the prices charged to customers or using expected cost-plus margin.

System sales are recognized when the Company transfers control to the customer based upon sales and delivery conditions specified in the sales contract. This typically occurs upon shipment of the system from the production facility but can also occur upon other agreed delivery terms. In connection with the completion of the system, it is normal procedure to issue a FAT (Factory Acceptance Test) asserting that the customer has accepted the performance of the system as it is being shipped from our production facility in Hobro. As part of the performance obligation, the customer is normally offered commissioning services (final assembly and configuration at a place designated by the customer), and this commissioning is therefore considered a second performance obligation and is valued at cost, with the addition of a standard gross margin. This second performance obligation is recognized as revenue at the time of provision of the commissioning services together with the cost incurred. Part of the invoicing to the customer is also attributed to the commissioning, and at transfer of the control of the system (i.e. the first performance obligation), some of the invoicing will still be awaiting commissioning and is therefore recognized as Contract assets.

Aftermarket sales represent parts, extended warranties, and maintenance services. For the sale of aftermarket parts, the Company transfers control and recognizes revenue when parts are shipped to the customer. When customers are given the right to return eligible parts and accessories, the Company estimates the expected returns based on an analysis of historical experience. The Company adjusts estimated revenues at the earlier of when the most likely amount of consideration expected to be received changes or when the consideration becomes fixed. The Company recognizes revenue for extended warranty and maintenance agreements based on the standalone selling price over the life of the contract.

The Company has received long-term contracts for grants from government entities for the development and use of silicon carbide membranes in various water filtration and treatment applications and historically in the installation of various water filtrations systems. We measure transfer of control of the performance obligation on long-term contracts utilizing the cost-to-cost measure of progress, with cost of revenue including direct costs such as labor and materials. Under the cost-to-cost approach, the use of estimated costs to complete each performance obligation is a significant variable in the process of determining recognized revenue and a significant factor in the accounting for such performance obligations. The timing of when we bill our customers is generally dependent upon advance billings terms, milestone billings based on completion of certain phases of the work, or when services are provided, or products are shipped. Projects with performance obligations recognized over time that have costs and estimated earnings recognized to date in excess of cumulative billings are reported on our balance sheet as Contract assets. Projects with performance obligations recognized over time that have cumulative billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings recognized to date are reported on our balance sheet as Contract liabilities.

Contract assets represent the Company’s rights to consideration in exchange for goods or services and is recognized when a performance obligation has been satisfied but has not yet been billed. Contract liabilities are payments received from customers prior to satisfaction of performance obligations, and these balances are typically related to prepayments for third-party expenses that are incurred shortly after billing. Contract assets/liabilities are transferred to revenue and cost of goods sold when the right to consideration is unconditional and billed per the terms of the contractual agreement. Contract liabilities also include deferred revenue related to the second performance obligation stated under Revenue Recognition, where the obligation is attributed to the commissioning of the water treatment system.

The roll-forward of Contract assets / liabilities for the period ended June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 is as follows:

	June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020
Cost incurred	$	3,894,477		$	3,997,161
Unbilled project deliveries		524,288			1,015,977
VAT		287,773			446,608
Other receivables		110,364			75,010
Prepayments		(4,121,938	)		(3,112,118	)
Deferred Revenue		(815,048	)		(866,680	)
	$	(120,084	)	$	1,555,958
Distributed as follows:
Contract assets	$	1,787,259		$	2,708,136
Contract liabilities		(1,907,343	)		(1,152,178	)

$ (120,084 ) $ 1,555,958

Advertising Cost -- Costs incurred in connection with advertising of the Company’s products are expensed as incurred. Advertising costs are included in sales expenses, and total advertising costs for the three-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 respectively, were $42,843 and $36,786. Total advertising costs amounted to $125,235 and $62,023 for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Advertising cost has increased in 2021 due to the increased investment in sales and branding activities especially within SoMe advertising activities.

Research and Development Cost -- The Company expenses research and development costs for the development of new products as incurred. Included in operating expense for the three-month period ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 were $434,629 and $316,559, respectively, of research and development costs. For the six month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, research and development costs were $872,236 and $627,513.

Income Taxes -- The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740 Accounting for Income Taxes. This statement requires an asset and liability approach for accounting for income taxes.

Income/(Loss) Per Share -- The Company calculates earnings (loss) per share in accordance with FASB ASC 260, Earnings Per Share. Basic earnings per common share (EPS) are based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per common share are based on shares outstanding (computed as under basic EPS) and potentially dilutive common shares. Potential common shares included in the diluted earnings per share calculation include in-the-money stock options and warrants that have been granted but have not yet been exercised.

Stock Options and Awards -- During the years presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, the Company has granted stock options and awards. The Company accounts for options in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. Stock-based compensation costs of $125,076 and $82,335 have been recognized for the vesting of options and stock awards granted to Directors and management for the three-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. For the six month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, stock-based compensation was $227,464 and $223,557 respectively.

Warrant Liability -- The Company issued common stock warrants in May 2020 in conjunction with an equity financing. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”), the fair value of these warrants was initially classified as a liability on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet because, according to the original terms of the warrants, a fundamental transaction could have given rise to an obligation of the Company to pay cash to its warrant holders, which was outside of the control of the Company. On August 12, 2020, the terms of the prefunded warrant were amended and the potential obligation of the Company to pay cash to its warrant holders was removed. From the date of the execution of the amended warrant, it qualifies as an equity instrument and the liability measured at fair value on August 12, 2020 of $3,476,250 has been reclassified to the Company´s Equity. Corresponding changes in the fair value measurement of the warrants are recognized in earnings on the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations in each subsequent period.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments -- The Company accounts for fair value measurements for financial assets and liabilities in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820. The authoritative guidance, which among other things, defines fair value, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure for each major asset and liability category measured at fair value on either a recurring or non-recurring basis. Fair value is defined as the exit price, representing the amount that would either be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, the guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

● Level 1. Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

● Level 2. Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and

● Level 3. Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

Unless otherwise disclosed, the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments including cash, accounts receivable, other receivables, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, accrued expenses and convertible notes payable approximate their recorded values due to their short-term maturities.

Accounting Estimates -- The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets including accounts receivable; allowance for doubtful accounts; contract assets; reserve for excess and obsolete inventory; depreciation and impairment of property, plant and equipment; goodwill; liabilities including contract liabilities and contingencies; the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements; and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimated.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements – In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging— Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity. This ASU amends the guidance on convertible instruments and the derivatives scope exception for contracts in an entity’s own equity and improves and amends the related EPS guidance for both Subtopics. The ASU will be effective for annual reporting periods after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within those annual periods, and early adoption is permitted in annual reporting periods ending after December 15, 2020. We are still assessing the impact of ASU 2020-06 on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This ASU provides temporary optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform. The new guidance provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contract modifications and hedging relationships, subject to meeting certain criteria, that reference LIBOR or another reference rates expected to be discontinued. This ASU is intended to help stakeholders during the global market-wide reference rate transition period and will be in effect for a limited time through December 31, 2022. Adoption is permitted at any time. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its financial statements.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This guidance will be effective for entities for the fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020 on a prospective basis, with early adoption permitted. We have adopted the new standard effective January 1, 2021, and the adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB did not or are not believed by management to have a material impact on the Company’s present or future financial statements.