UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

_______________________________________ 

Form 10-Q

_______________________________________ 

(Mark One)

ý QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2019

or

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-32407

_______________________________________ 

ARC DOCUMENT SOLUTIONS, INC.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)

_______________________________________ 

Delaware	20-1700361
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

12657 Alcosta Blvd, Suite 200 San Ramon, California 94583	94583
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(925) 949-5100

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

_______________________________________ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ý    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

Large accelerated filer	¨	Accelerated filer	ý
Non-accelerated filer	¨	Smaller reporting company	ý
		Emerging growth company	¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  ¨    No  ý

Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share	ARC	The New York Stock Exchange

The number of outstanding shares of the registrant's common stock, par value $0.001 per share, was 46,269,365 as of April 30, 2019.

ARC DOCUMENT SOLUTIONS, INC.

Form 10-Q

For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2019

Table of Contents

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION	5
Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	5
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (Unaudited)	5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 (Unaudited)	6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 (Unaudited)	7
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 (Unaudited)	8
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 (Unaudited)	9
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	10
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	20
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	32
Item 4. Controls and Procedures	32
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION	33
Item 1. Legal Proceedings	33
Item 1A. Risk Factors	33
Item 6. Exhibits	33
Signatures	34
Exhibit Index	35
Exhibit 31.1
Exhibit 31.2
Exhibit 32.1
Exhibit 32.2

3

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains statements that are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. When used in this Form 10-Q, the words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “target,” “likely,” “will,” “would,” “could,” and variations of such words and similar expressions as they relate to our management or to ARC Document Solutions, Inc. (the “Company”) are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated herein. We have described in Part II, Item 1A-“Risk Factors” a number of factors that could cause our actual results to differ from our projections or estimates. These factors and other risk factors described in this Form 10-Q are not necessarily all of the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any of our forward-looking statements. Other unknown or unpredictable factors also could harm our results. Consequently, there can be no assurance that the actual results or developments anticipated by us will be realized or, even if substantially realized, that they will have the expected consequences to, or effects on, us. Given these uncertainties, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.

Except where otherwise indicated, the statements made in this Form 10-Q are made as of the date we filed this report with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and should not be relied upon as of any subsequent date. All future written and verbal forward-looking statements attributable to us or any person acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this section. We undertake no obligation, and specifically disclaim any obligation, to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. You should, however, consult further disclosures we make in future filings of our Forms 10-K, Forms 10-Q, and Forms 8-K, and any amendments thereto, as well as our proxy statements.

4

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

ARC DOCUMENT SOLUTIONS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

	March 31,			December 31,
(In thousands, except per share data)	2019			2018
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	18,770		$	29,433
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for accounts receivable of $2,082 and $2,016	60,108			58,035
Inventories, net	16,278			16,768
Prepaid expenses	5,315			4,937
Other current assets	7,318			6,202
Total current assets	107,789			115,375
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $203,924 and $199,480	69,984			70,668
Right-of-use assets from operating leases	44,783			—
Goodwill	121,051			121,051
Other intangible assets, net	4,253			5,126
Deferred income taxes	24,779			24,946
Other assets	2,266			2,550
Total assets	$	374,905		$	339,716
Liabilities and Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	24,739		$	24,218
Accrued payroll and payroll-related expenses	9,626			17,029
Accrued expenses	19,418			17,571
Current operating lease liability	11,756			—
Current portion of long-term debt and finance leases	22,312			22,132
Total current liabilities	87,851			80,950
Long-term operating lease liabilities	40,013			—
Long-term debt and finance leases	99,006			105,060
Other long-term liabilities	468			6,404
Total liabilities	227,338			192,414
Commitments and contingencies (Note 7)
Stockholders’ equity:
ARC Document Solutions, Inc. stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 25,000 shares authorized; 0 shares issued and outstanding	—			—
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 150,000 shares authorized; 48,969 and 48,492 shares issued and 46,269 and 45,818 shares outstanding	49			48
Additional paid-in capital	124,182			123,525
Retained earnings	29,989			29,397
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(3,919		)	(3,351		)
	150,301			149,619
Less cost of common stock in treasury, 2,700 and 2,674 shares	9,416			9,350
Total ARC Document Solutions, Inc. stockholders’ equity	140,885			140,269
Noncontrolling interest	6,682			7,033
Total equity	147,567			147,302
Total liabilities and equity	$	374,905		$	339,716

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

ARC DOCUMENT SOLUTIONS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended   March 31,
(In thousands, except per share data)	2019			2018
Net sales	$	97,122		$	97,708
Cost of sales	66,447			67,523
Gross profit	30,675			30,185
Selling, general and administrative expenses	27,637			27,301
Amortization of intangible assets	895			1,008
Income from operations	2,143			1,876
Other income, net	(18		)	(81		)
Interest expense, net	1,430			1,442
Income before income tax provision	731			515
Income tax provision	284			39
Net income	447			476
Loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest	145			152
Net income attributable to ARC Document Solutions, Inc. shareholders	$	592		$	628
Earnings per share attributable to ARC Document Solutions, Inc. shareholders:
Basic	$	0.01		$	0.01
Diluted	$	0.01		$	0.01
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	45,118			44,741
Diluted	45,355			44,855

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

ARC DOCUMENT SOLUTIONS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended   March 31,
(In thousands)	2019			2018
Net income	$	447		$	476
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax	(774		)	400
Fair value adjustment of derivatives, net of tax	—			—
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax	(774		)	400
Comprehensive (loss) income	(327		)	876
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interest	(351		)	204
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to ARC Document Solutions, Inc. shareholders	$	24		$	672

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

7

ARC DOCUMENT SOLUTIONS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

(Unaudited)

	ARC Document Solutions, Inc. Shareholders
	Common Stock							Accumulated
(In thousands, except per share data)	Shares	Par Value		Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings		Other Comprehensive Loss			Common Stock in Treasury			Noncontrolling Interest			Total
Balance at December 31, 2017	47,913	$	48	$	120,953	$	20,524	$	(1,998	)	$	(9,290	)	$	7,374		$	137,611
Stock-based compensation	503			653													653
Issuance of common stock under Employee Stock Purchase Plan	76			44													44
Treasury shares											(60		)				(60		)
Comprehensive income						628		44						204			876
Balance at March 31, 2018	48,492	$	48	$	121,650	$	21,152	$	(1,954	)	$	(9,350	)	$	7,578		$	139,124
	ARC Document Solutions, Inc. Shareholders
	Common Stock							Accumulated
(In thousands, except per share data)	Shares	Par Value		Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings		Other Comprehensive Loss			Common Stock in Treasury			Noncontrolling Interest			Total
Balance at December 31, 2018	48,492	$	48	$	123,525	$	29,397	$	(3,351	)	$	(9,350	)	$	7,033		$	147,302
Stock-based compensation	450	1		607													608
Issuance of common stock under Employee Stock Purchase Plan	27			50													50
Treasury shares											(66		)				(66		)
Comprehensive income (loss)						592		(568		)				(351		)	(327		)
Balance at March 31, 2019	48,969	$	49	$	124,182	$	29,989	$	(3,919	)	$	(9,416	)	$	6,682		$	147,567

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

8

ARC DOCUMENT SOLUTIONS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended   March 31,
(In thousands)	2019			2018
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	447		$	476
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Allowance for accounts receivable	232			327
Depreciation	7,423			7,129
Amortization of intangible assets	895			1,008
Amortization of deferred financing costs	55			60
Stock-based compensation	608			653
Deferred income taxes	175			(92		)
Deferred tax valuation allowance	(8		)	57
Other non-cash items, net	(60		)	(44		)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(2,537		)	(2,913		)
Inventory	359			524
Prepaid expenses and other assets	1,798			(150		)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(6,722		)	(9,014		)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	2,665			(1,979		)
Cash flows from investing activities
Capital expenditures	(3,196		)	(2,892		)
Other	166			380
Net cash used in investing activities	(3,030		)	(2,512		)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under Employee Stock Purchase Plan	50			44
Share repurchases	(66		)	(60		)
Contingent consideration on prior acquisitions	(3		)	(53		)
Payments on long-term debt agreements and finance leases	(5,750		)	(5,751		)
Borrowings under revolving credit facilities	8,250			2,000
Payments under revolving credit facilities	(12,125		)	(5,875		)
Net cash used in financing activities	(9,644		)	(9,695		)
Effect of foreign currency translation on cash balances	(654		)	95
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(10,663		)	(14,091		)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	29,433			28,059
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	18,770		$	13,968
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Noncash investing and financing activities
Finance lease obligations incurred	$	3,664		$	3,275
Operating lease obligations incurred	$	1,068		$	—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

9

ARC DOCUMENT SOLUTIONS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands, except per share data or where otherwise noted)

(Unaudited)

1. Description of Business and Basis of Presentation

ARC Document Solutions, Inc. (“ARC Document Solutions,” “ARC” or the “Company”) is a leading document solutions provider to architectural, engineering, construction, and facilities management professionals, while also providing document solutions to businesses of all types. ARC offers a variety of services including: Construction Document Information Management ("CDIM"), Managed Print Services ("MPS"), and Archive and Information Management ("AIM"). In addition, ARC also sells Equipment and Supplies. The Company conducts its operations through its wholly-owned operating subsidiary, ARC Document Solutions, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, and its affiliates.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in conformity with the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). As permitted under those rules, certain footnotes or other financial information required by GAAP for complete financial statements have been condensed or omitted. In management’s opinion, the accompanying interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements presented reflect all adjustments of a normal and recurring nature that are necessary to fairly present the interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2019.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. The Company evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis and relies on historical experience and various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances to determine such estimates. Actual results could differ from those estimates and such differences may be material to the interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

These interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s 2018 Form 10-K.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. Net sales of the Company’s principal services and products were as follows:

	Three Months Ended   March 31,
	2019		2018
CDIM	$	50,805	$	52,320
MPS(1)	30,907		31,467
AIM	3,262		2,923
Equipment and supplies sales	12,148		10,998
Net sales	$	97,122	$	97,708

⁽¹⁾ MPS includes $28.7 million in rental income and $2.2 million in service income for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

CDIM consists of professional services and software services to (i) re-produce and distribute large-format and small-format documents in either black and white or color (“Ordered Prints”) and (ii) specialized graphic color printing. Substantially all of the Company’s revenue from CDIM comes from professional services to re-produce Ordered Prints. Sales of Ordered Prints are initiated through a customer order or quote and are governed by established terms and conditions agreed upon at the onset of the customer relationship. Revenue is recognized when the performance obligation under the terms of a contract with a customer are satisfied; generally, this occurs with the transfer of control of the re-produced Ordered Prints. Transfer of control occurs at a specific point in time, when the Ordered Prints are delivered to the customer’s site or handed to the customer for walk in orders. Revenue

10

is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. Taxes collected concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue.

MPS consists of placement, management, and optimization of print and imaging equipment in the customers' offices, job sites, and other facilities. MPS relieves the Company’s customers of the burden of purchasing print equipment and related supplies and maintaining print devices and print networks, and shifts their costs to a “per-use” basis. MPS is supported by our hosted proprietary technology, Abacus^® , which allows our customers to capture, control, manage, print, and account for their documents. Under its MPS contracts, the Company is paid a fixed rate per unit for each print produced (per-use), often referred to as a “click charge.” MPS sales are driven by the ongoing print needs of the Company’s customers at their facilities. Upon the issuance of Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 842, Leases, the Company concluded that certain of its MPS arrangements, which had previously been accounted for as service revenue under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, are accounted for as operating leases under ASC 842. See Note 6, Leasing, for additional information.

AIM combines software and professional services to facilitate the capture, management, access and retrieval of documents and information that have been produced in the past. AIM includes our hosted SKYSITE ® software to organize, search and retrieve documents, as well as the provision of services that include the capture and conversion of hardcopy and electronic documents into digital files (“Scanned Documents”), and their cloud-based storage and maintenance. Sales of AIM professional services, which represents the majority of AIM revenue, are initiated through a customer order or proposal and are governed by established terms and conditions agreed upon at the onset of the customer relationship. Revenue is recognized when the performance obligation under the terms of a contract with a customer are satisfied; generally, this occurs with the transfer of control of the digital files. Transfer of control occurs at a specific point-in-time, when the Scanned Documents are delivered to the customer either through SKYSITE or on electronic media. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. Taxes collected concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue.

Equipment and Supplies sales consist of reselling printing, imaging, and related equipment (“Goods”) to customers primarily in architectural, engineering and construction firms. Sales of equipment and supplies are initiated through a customer order and are governed by established terms and conditions agreed upon at the onset of the customer relationship. Revenue is recognized when the performance obligations under the terms of a contract with a customer are satisfied; generally, this occurs with the transfer of control of the Goods. Transfer of control occurs at a specific point-in-time, when the Goods are delivered to the customer’s site. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. Taxes collected concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue. The Company has experienced minimal customer returns or refunds and does not offer a warranty on equipment that it is reselling.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 842 (“ASC 842”), Leases. The new guidance replaced the existing guidance in ASC 840, Leases. ASC 842 requires a dual approach for lessee accounting under which a lessee accounts for leases as finance leases or operating leases. Both finance leases and operating leases result in the lessee recognizing a right-of-use (ROU) asset and a corresponding lease liability. For finance leases the lessee recognizes interest expense and amortization of the ROU asset and for operating leases the lessee will recognize a straight-line total lease expense. The Company adopted ASC 842 on January 1, 2019. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, Leases(Topic 842): Targeted Improvements, which provided entities the option to use the effective date as the date of initial application on transition to the new guidance. The Company elected this transition method, and as a result, the Company did not adjust comparative information for prior periods. For additional information about the impact of the adoption of ASC 842, see Note 6, Leasing.

Segment Reporting

The provisions of ASC 280, Segment Reporting, require public companies to report financial and descriptive information about their reportable operating segments. The Company identifies operating segments based on the various business activities that earn revenue and incur expense and whose operating results are reviewed by the Company's Chief Executive Officer, who is the Company's chief operating decision maker. Because its operating segments have similar products and services, classes of customers, production processes, distribution methods and economic characteristics, the Company operates as a single reportable segment.

Risk and Uncertainties

The Company generates the majority of its revenue from sales of services and products to customers in the architectural, engineering, construction and building owner/operator (AEC/O) industry. As a result, the Company’s operating results and financial condition can be significantly affected by economic factors that influence the AEC/O industry, such as non-residential construction spending, GDP growth, interest rates, unemployment rates, and office vacancy rates. Reduced activity (relative to historic levels) in the AEC/

11

O industry would diminish demand for some of ARC’s services and products, and would therefore negatively affect revenues and have a material adverse effect on its business, operating results and financial condition.

As part of the Company’s growth strategy, ARC intends to continue to offer and grow a variety of service offerings, some of which are relatively new to the Company. The success of the Company’s efforts will be affected by its ability to acquire new customers for the Company’s new service offerings, as well as to sell the new service offerings to existing customers. The Company’s inability to successfully market and execute these relatively new service offerings could significantly affect its business and reduce its long term revenue, resulting in an adverse effect on its results of operations and financial condition.

2. Earnings per Share

The Company accounts for earnings per share in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings Per Share. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to ARC by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per common share is computed similarly to basic earnings per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if common shares subject to outstanding options and acquisition rights had been issued and if the additional common shares were dilutive. Common share equivalents are excluded from the computation if their effect is anti-dilutive. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, 5.5 million common shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income attributable to ARC per common share, respectively, because they were anti-dilutive. For the three months ended March 31, 2018, 5.0 million common shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss attributable to ARC per common share because they were anti-dilutive. The Company's common share equivalents consist of stock options issued under the Company's stock plan.

Basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding were calculated as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:

	Three Months Ended   March 31,
	2019	2018
Weighted average common shares outstanding during the period—basic	45,118	44,741
Effect of dilutive stock options	237	114
Weighted average common shares outstanding during the period—diluted	45,355	44,855

3. Goodwill and Other Intangibles

Goodwill

In accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other, the Company assesses goodwill for impairment annually as of September 30, and more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that goodwill might be impaired. At September 30, 2018, the Company performed its assessment and determined that goodwill was not impaired.

Goodwill impairment testing is performed at the reporting unit level. Goodwill is assigned to reporting units at the date the goodwill is initially recorded. Once goodwill has been assigned to reporting units, it no longer retains its association with a particular acquisition, and all of the activities within a reporting unit, whether acquired or internally generated, are available to support the value of the goodwill. For its annual goodwill impairment test as of September 30, 2017, the Company elected to early-adopt ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which simplifies subsequent goodwill measurement by eliminating step two from the goodwill impairment test.

The Company determines the fair value of its reporting units using an income approach. Under the income approach, the Company determined fair value based on estimated discounted future cash flows of each reporting unit. Determining the fair value of a reporting unit is judgmental in nature and requires the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including revenue growth rates and EBITDA margins, discount rates and future market conditions, among others.

Given the changing document and printing needs of the Company’s customers, and the uncertainties regarding the effect on the Company’s business, there can be no assurance that the estimates and assumptions made for purposes of the Company’s goodwill impairment test in 2018 will prove to be accurate predictions of the future. If the Company’s assumptions, including forecasted EBITDA of certain reporting units, are not achieved, the Company may be required to record additional goodwill impairment charges in future periods, whether in connection with the Company’s next annual impairment testing in the third quarter of 2019, or on an interim basis, if any such change constitutes a triggering event (as defined under ASC 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and

12

Other) outside of the quarter when the Company regularly performs its annual goodwill impairment test. It is not possible at this time to determine if any such future impairment charge would result or, if it does, whether such charge would be material. There was no change in the carrying amount of goodwill from January 1, 2018 through March 31, 2019.

See “Critical Accounting Policies” in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for further information regarding the process and assumptions used in the goodwill impairment analysis.

Long-lived and Other Intangible Assets

The Company periodically assesses potential impairments of its long-lived assets in accordance with the provisions of ASC 360, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets. An impairment review is performed whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets may not be recoverable. The Company groups its assets at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of the other assets and liabilities. The Company has determined that the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are available is the regional level, which is the operating segment level.

Factors considered by the Company include, but are not limited to, significant underperformance relative to historical or projected operating results; significant changes in the manner of use of the acquired assets or the strategy for the overall business; and significant negative industry or economic trends. When the carrying value of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable based upon the existence of one or more of the above indicators of impairment, the Company estimates the future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. If the sum of the expected future undiscounted cash flows and eventual disposition is less than the carrying amount of the asset, the Company recognizes an impairment loss. An impairment loss is reflected as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset, based on the fair value if available, or discounted cash flows, if fair value is not available.

Other intangible assets that have finite lives are amortized over their useful lives. Customer relationships are amortized using the accelerated method, based on customer attrition rates, over their estimated useful lives of 13 (weighted average) years.

The following table sets forth the Company’s other intangible assets resulting from business acquisitions as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 which continue to be amortized:

	March 31, 2019						December 31, 2018
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Amortizable other intangible assets
Customer relationships	$	99,215	$	95,298	$	3,917	$	99,136	$	94,345	$	4,791
Trade names and trademarks	20,305		19,969		336		20,259		19,924		335
	$	119,520	$	115,267	$	4,253	$	119,395	$	114,269	$	5,126

Estimated future amortization expense of other intangible assets for the remainder of the 2019 fiscal year, and each of the subsequent four fiscal years and thereafter are as follows:

2019 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2019)	$	2,239
2020	1,527
2021	175
2022	99
2023	43
Thereafter	170
	$	4,253

4. Income Taxes

On a quarterly basis, the Company estimates its effective tax rate for the full fiscal year and records a quarterly income tax provision based on the anticipated annual effective rate and the recognition of any discrete items within the quarter.

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The Company recorded an income tax provision of $0.3 million in relation to pretax income of $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019, which resulted in an effective income tax rate of 38.8%. The Company recorded an income tax provision of $39 thousand in relation to pretax income of $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018, which resulted in an effective income tax rate of 7.6%.

The Company has a deferred tax asset of approximately $2.4 million related to certain stock-based compensation with a strike price of $8.20 that is pending to expire in the second quarter of 2019. Upon expiration, if unexercised, the Company will record deferred tax expense of approximately $2.4 million, which will be treated as a discrete item.

In accordance with ASC 740-10, Income Taxes, the Company evaluates the need for deferred tax asset valuation allowances based on a more likely than not standard. The ability to realize deferred tax assets depends on the ability to generate sufficient taxable income within the carryback or carryforward periods provided for in the tax law for each applicable tax jurisdiction. The Company considers the following possible sources of taxable income when assessing the realization of deferred tax assets:

• Future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences;

• Future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards;

• Taxable income in prior carryback years; and

• Tax-planning strategies.

The assessment regarding whether a valuation allowance is required or should be adjusted also considers all available positive and negative evidence factors, including but not limited to:

• Nature, frequency, and severity of recent losses;

• Duration of statutory carryforward periods;

• Historical experience with tax attributes expiring unused; and

• Near- and medium-term financial outlook.

The Company utilizes a rolling three years of actual and current year anticipated results as the primary measure of cumulative income/losses in recent years, as adjusted for permanent differences. The evaluation of deferred tax assets requires judgment in assessing the likely future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company's financial statements or tax returns and future profitability. The Company's accounting for deferred tax consequences represents its best estimate of those future events. Changes in the Company's current estimates, due to unanticipated events or otherwise, could have a material effect on its financial condition and results of operations. The Company has a $2.2 million valuation allowance against certain deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2019.

Based on the Company’s current assessment, the remaining net deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2019 are considered more likely than not to be realized. The valuation allowance of $2.2 million may be increased or reduced as conditions change or if the Company is unable to implement certain available tax planning strategies. The realization of the Company’s net deferred tax assets ultimately depend on future taxable income, reversals of existing taxable temporary differences or through a loss carry back. The Company has income tax receivables of $0.1 million as of March 31, 2019 included in other current assets in its interim Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet primarily related to income tax refunds for prior years.

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5. Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt consists of the following:

	March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Term Loan maturing 2022, net of deferred financing fees of $509 and $556; 4.25% and 4.11% interest rate at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018	$	51,616		$	52,694
Revolving Loans; 4.53% and 4.74% interest rate at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018	22,875			26,750
Various finance leases; weighted average interest rate of 4.8% at March, 31 2019 and December 31, 2018; principal and interest payable monthly through March 2024	46,818			47,737
Various other notes payable with a weighted average interest rate of 10.7% at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018; principal and interest payable monthly through November 2019	9			11
	121,318			127,192
Less current portion	(22,312		)	(22,132		)
	$	99,006		$	105,060

Credit Agreement

On July 14, 2017, the Company amended its Credit Agreement which was originally entered into on November 20, 2014 with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent and the lenders party thereto.

Prior to being amended, the Credit Agreement provided for the extension of term loans (“Term Loans”) in an aggregate principal amount of $175.0 million. In addition, prior to being amended, the Credit Agreement provided for the extension of revolving loans (“Revolving Loans”) in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $30.0 million. The amendment increased the maximum aggregate principal amount of Revolving Loans under the agreement from $30.0 million to $80.0 million and reduced the outstanding principal amount of the Term Loan under the agreement to $60.0 million. Upon the execution of the amendment to the Credit Agreement, the total principal amount outstanding under the agreement remained unchanged at $110.0 million. As a result of the amendment to the Credit Agreement, the principal of the Term Loan amortizes at an annual rate of 7.5% during the first and second years following the date of the amendment and at an annual rate of 10% during the third, fourth and fifth years following the date of the amendment, with any remaining balance payable upon the maturity date. The amendment also extended the maturity date for both the Revolving Loans and the Term Loans until July 14, 2022. In November 2018, the Company reduced the $80.0 million Revolving Loan commitment by $15.0 million.

As of March 31, 2019, the Company's borrowing availability of Revolving Loans under the Revolving Loan commitment was $39.9 million, after deducting outstanding letters of credit of $2.2 million and outstanding Revolving Loans of $22.9 million.

Loans borrowed under the Credit Agreement bear interest, in the case of LIBOR rate loans, at a per annum rate equal to the applicable LIBOR rate, plus a margin ranging from 1.25% to 2.25%, based on the Company’s Total Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement). Loans borrowed under the Credit Agreement that are not LIBOR rate loans bear interest at a per annum rate equal to (i) the greatest of (A) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, (B) the one month LIBOR rate plus 1.00%, per annum, and (C) the rate of interest announced, from time to time, by Wells Fargo Bank, National Association as its “prime rate,” plus (ii) a margin ranging from 0.25% to 1.25%, based on the Company’s Total Leverage Ratio. The amendment reduced the rate of interest payable on the loans borrowed under the Credit Agreement by 0.25%.

The Company pays certain recurring fees with respect to the credit facility, including administration fees to the administrative agent.

Subject to certain exceptions, including in certain circumstances, reinvestment rights, the loans extended under the Credit Agreement are subject to customary mandatory prepayment provisions with respect to: the net proceeds from certain asset sales; the net proceeds from certain issuances or incurrences of debt (other than debt permitted to be incurred under the terms of the Credit Agreement); the net proceeds from certain issuances of equity securities; and net proceeds of certain insurance recoveries and condemnation events of the Company.

The Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties, subject to limitations and exceptions, and customary covenants restricting the ability (subject to various exceptions) of the Company and its subsidiaries to: incur additional indebtedness (including guarantee obligations); incur liens; sell certain property or assets; engage in mergers or other fundamental changes;

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consummate acquisitions; make investments; pay dividends, other distributions or repurchase equity interest of the Company or its subsidiaries; change the nature of their business; prepay or amend certain indebtedness; engage in certain transactions with affiliates; amend their organizational documents; or enter into certain restrictive agreements. In addition, the Credit Agreement contains financial covenants which requires the Company to maintain (i) at all times, a Total Leverage Ratio in an amount not to exceed 3.25 to 1.00; and (ii) a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement), as of the last day of each fiscal quarter, an amount not less than 1.15 to 1.00.

The Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, including with respect to: nonpayment of principal, interest, fees or other amounts; failure to perform or observe covenants; material inaccuracy of a representation or warranty when made; cross-default to other material indebtedness; bankruptcy, insolvency and dissolution events; inability to pay debts; monetary judgment defaults; actual or asserted invalidity or impairment of any definitive loan documentation, repudiation of guaranties or subordination terms; certain ERISA related events; or a change of control.

The obligations of the Company’s subsidiary that is the borrower under the Credit Agreement are guaranteed by the Company and each other United States domestic subsidiary of the Company. The Credit Agreement and any interest rate protection and other hedging arrangements provided by any lender party to the Credit facility or any affiliate of such a lender are secured on a first priority basis by a perfected security interest in substantially all of the borrower’s, the Company’s and each guarantor’s assets (subject to certain exceptions).

6. Leasing

Adoption of ASC Topic 842, Leases

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASC 842, Leases. The new guidance replaces the existing guidance in ASC 840, Leases. ASC 842 requires a dual approach for lessee accounting under which a lessee accounts for leases as finance leases or operating leases. Both finance leases and operating leases result in the lessee recognizing a right-of-use ("ROU") asset and a corresponding lease liability. For finance leases the lessee recognizes interest expense and amortization of the ROU asset, and for operating leases the lessee will recognize a straight-line total lease expense. In addition, ASC 842 changes the definition of a lease, which resulted in changes to the classification of certain service contracts with customers to lease arrangements. The Company adopted ASC 842 on January 1, 2019.

In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, Leases(Topic 842): Targeted Improvements, which provided entities the option to use the effective date as the date of initial application on transition to the new guidance. The Company elected this transition method, and as a result, the Company did not adjust comparative information for prior periods. The Company elected certain additional practical expedients permitted by the new guidance allowing the Company to carry forward historical accounting related to lease identification and classification for existing leases upon adoption. The Company elected, for its equipment asset classes, the practical expedient that allows lessees to treat the lease and non-lease components of leases as a single lease component. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the Company's consolidated balance sheet.

As part of the transition, the Company completed a comprehensive review of its lease portfolio, including significant leases by geography and by asset type that were impacted by the new guidance, and enhanced its controls around leasing. The adoption of ASC 842 resulted in an increase to total assets and liabilities due to the recording of operating lease ROU assets of approximately $46.9 million and operating lease liabilities of approximately $53.7 million, as of January 1, 2019. Finance leases were not impacted by the adoption of ASC 842, as finance lease liabilities and the corresponding ROU assets were already recorded in the balance sheet under the previous guidance, ASC 840. The adoption did not materially impact the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Earnings or Cash Flows.

Lessee Accounting

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. The Company's material lease contracts are generally for real estate or print equipment, and the determination of whether such contracts contain leases generally does not require significant estimates or judgments. The Company’s leases classified as operating leases primarily consist of real estate leases. The Company’s real estate leases contain both lease and non-lease components, which are accounted for separately. The Company’s leases classified as finance leases primarily consist of print equipment. Certain of the print equipment leases under contract have lease and non-lease components, which are accounted for as a single lease component as discussed above. Other than the election to treat the Company's fixed lease payment as a single lease component, the accounting for finance leases will remain unchanged under ASC 842.

Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company's operating leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental

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borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The operating lease ROU assets also include any lease payments made and are reduced by any lease incentives received. The lease terms primarily range from one to ten years, with renewal terms that can extend the lease term from 1 to 5 years. A portion of the Company’s real estate leases are generally subject to annual changes in the Consumer Price Index (CPI), which are treated as variable lease payments and recognized in the period in which the obligation for those payments was incurred. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

The tables below present financial information associated with its leases. This information is only presented as of, and for the three months ended, March 31, 2019 because, as noted above, the Company adopted Topic 842 using a transition method that does not require application to periods prior to adoption.

	Classification	March 31, 2019
Assets
Operating lease assets	Right-of-use assets from operating leases	$	44,783
Finance lease assets	Property and equipment	82,292
	Less accumulated depreciation	(38,262		)
	Property and equipment, net	44,030
Total lease assets		$	88,813
Liabilities
Current
Operating	Current operating lease liabilities	$	11,756
Finance	Current portion of long-term debt and finance leases	16,678
Long-term
Operating	Long-term operating lease liabilities	40,013
Finance	Long-term debt and finance leases	30,140
Total lease liabilities		$	98,587

	Classification	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Operating lease cost	Cost of sales	$	4,370
	Selling, general and administrative expenses	817
Total operating lease cost (1)		$	5,187
Finance lease cost
Amortization of leased assets	Cost of sales	$	4,554
	Selling, general and administrative expenses	65
Interest on lease liabilities	Interest expense, net	581
Total finance lease cost		5,200
Total lease cost		$	10,387

⁽¹⁾ Includes variable lease costs and short-term lease costs of $715 and $71, respectively.

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Maturity of lease liabilities (as of March 31, 2019)	Operating leases(1)		Finance leases(2)
2019	$	12,257	$	16,031
2020	11,924		15,792
2021	9,396		11,668
2022	7,811		6,356
2023	6,523		2,280
2024	4,577		236
Thereafter	11,009		—
Total	63,497		52,363
Less amount representing interest	11,728		5,545
Present value of lease liability	$	51,769	$	46,818

⁽¹⁾ Reflects payments for non-cancelable operating leases with initial terms of one year or more as of March 31, 2019. The table above does not include any legally binding minimum lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced, and such leases are not material in the aggregate.

⁽²⁾ The table above does not include any legally binding minimum lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced, and such leases are not material in the aggregate.

As previously disclosed in the Company's 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K and under the previous lease accounting standard, future minimum lease payments for operating leases and capital lease obligation as of December 31, 2018 were as follows:

Maturity of lease liabilities (as of December 31, 2018)	Operating leases		Capital leases
2019	$	16,355	$	16,872
2020	12,956		13,817
2021	10,130		10,141
2022	8,510		5,274
2023	7,054		1,633
Thereafter	16,650		—
Total	$	71,655	$	47,737

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	March 31, 2019
Weighted average remaining lease term (years)
Operating leases	5.8
Finance leases	3.2
Weighted average discount rate
Operating leases	6.0	%
Finance leases	4.8	%

Other information	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	4,035
Operating cash flows from finance leases	$	576
Financing cash flows from finance leases	$	4,625

Lessor Accounting

The Company concluded that certain of its contracts with customers should be accounted for as operating leases upon adoption of ASC 842. Specifically, certain of the Company's MPS arrangements, which had previously been accounted for as service revenue under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, are accounted for as operating leases under ASC 842.

The Company's MPS arrangements consists of the placement, management, and optimization of print and imaging equipment in customers' offices, job sites, and other facilities under which the Company is paid a fixed rate per unit for each print produced (per-use), often referred to as a “click charge.” Accordingly, the fixed rate per unit charged to the customer covers the use of the equipment (i.e., the lease component), as well as the additional services performed by the Company as described above (i.e., the non-lease component). Certain of the Company's MPS contracts provide the customer the option to renew or terminate the agreement, which are considered when assessing the lease term. The Company elected the practical expedient to not separate certain lease and non-lease components related to its MPS arrangements, and accounts for the combined component under ASC 842. The pattern of revenue recognition for the Company's MPS revenue remains substantially unchanged following the adoption of ASC 842.

MPS revenue includes $28.7 million in rental income and $2.2 million in service income for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The Company's property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation, includes approximately $40 million of equipment subject to leases with customers under the Company's MPS arrangements. Following the termination of an MPS arrangement, the Company will place existing equipment at an alternate customer site pursuant to an MPS arrangement, at one of the Company's service centers, or dispose of the equipment.

7. Commitments and Contingencies

Operating Leases. The Company leases machinery, equipment, and office and operational facilities under non-cancelable operating lease agreements used in the ordinary course of business.

Legal Proceedings. We are involved in various legal proceedings and other legal matters from time to time in the normal course of business. We do not believe that the outcome of any of those matters will have a material effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

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8. Stock-Based Compensation

The Company's stock plan provides for the grant of incentive and non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock bonuses and other forms of awards granted or denominated in the Company's common stock or units of the Company's common stock, as well as cash bonus awards to employees, directors and consultants of the Company. On April 26, 2018, the Company's shareholders approved an amendment to the Company's stock plan to increase the aggregate number of shares authorized for issuance under such plan by 3.5 million shares. The Company's stock plan, as amended, currently authorizes the Company to issue up to 7.0 million shares of common stock. As of March 31, 2019, 2.0 million shares remained available for issuance under the stock plan.

Stock options granted under the Company's stock plan generally expire no later than ten years from the date of grant. Options generally vest and become fully exercisable over a period of three to four years from date of award, except that options granted to non-employee directors may vest over a shorter time period. The exercise price of options must be equal to at least 100% of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. The Company allows for cashless exercises of vested outstanding options.

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company granted options to acquire a total of 0.7 million shares of the Company's common stock to certain key employees with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company granted 0.5 million shares of restricted stock awards to certain key employees with a deemed issuance price per share equal to the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date the restricted stock was granted. These stock options and restricted stock awards vest annually over three years from the grant date.

Stock-based compensation expense was $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to stock-based compensation expense of $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018.

As of March 31, 2019, total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock-based payments totaled $4.0 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.3 years.

9. Fair Value Measurements

In accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, the Company has categorized its assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value into a three-level fair value hierarchy. If the inputs used to measure fair value fall within different levels of the hierarchy, the categorization is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels of the hierarchy are defined as follows:

Level 1-inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2-inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

Level 3-inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

As of March 31, 2019, the Company's assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value were not material.

Fair Values of Financial Instruments.The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating the fair value of its financial instruments for disclosure purposes:

Cash equivalents: Cash equivalents are time deposits with maturity of three months or less when purchased, which are highly liquid and readily convertible to cash. Cash equivalents reported in the Company’s interim Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet were $7.5 million and $7.3 million as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, and are carried at cost and approximate fair value due to the relatively short period to maturity of these instruments.

Short and long-term debt: The carrying amount of the Company’s finance leases reported in the interim Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets approximates fair value based on the Company’s current incremental borrowing rate for similar types of borrowing arrangements. The carrying amount reported in the Company’s interim Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2019 for borrowings under its Credit Agreement is $75.0 million, excluding unamortized deferred financing fees. The Company has determined, utilizing observable market quotes, that the fair value of borrowings under its Credit Agreement is $75.0 million as of March 31, 2019.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this report as well as Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our 2018 Form 10-K and this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2019.

Business Summary

ARC Document Solutions, Inc. (“ARC Document Solutions,” “ARC,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) is a leading document solutions provider to design, engineering, construction, and facilities management professionals, while also providing document solutions to businesses of all types.

Our customers need us to manage the scale, complexity and workflow of their documents. We help them reduce their costs and increase their efficiency by improving their access and control over documents, and we offer a wide variety of ways to access, distribute, collaborate on, and store documents.

Each of our service offerings is enabled through a suite of supporting proprietary technology and a wide variety of value-added services. We have categorized our service and product offerings to report distinct sales recognized from:

Construction Document and Information Management (CDIM), which consists of professional services and software services to manage and distribute documents and information primarily related to construction projects. CDIM sales include software services such as SKYSITE®, our cloud-based project communication application, as well as providing document and information management services that are often technology-enabled. The bulk of our current revenue from CDIM comes from large-format and small-format printing services we provide in both black and white and in color.

The sale of services addresses a variety of customer needs including the provision of project communication tools, project information management, building information modeling, digital document distribution services, printing services, and others.

Managed Print Services (MPS), consists of placement, management, and optimization of print and imaging equipment in our customers' offices, job sites, and other facilities. MPS relieves our customers of the burden of owning and managing print devices and print networks, and shifts their costs to a “per-use” basis. MPS is supported by our proprietary technology, Abacus^®, which allows our customers to capture, control, manage, print, and account for their documents. MPS revenue is derived from two sources: 1) an engagement with the customer to place primarily large-format equipment, that we own or lease, at a construction site or in our customers’ offices, and 2) an arrangement by which our customers outsource their printing function to us, including all office printing, copying, and reprographics printing. In both cases this is recurring, contracted revenue in which we are paid a single cost per unit of material used, often referred to as a “click charge.” MPS sales are driven by the ongoing print needs of our customers at their facilities.

Archiving and Information Management (AIM), combines software and professional services to facilitate the capture, management, access and retrieval of documents and information that have been produced in the past. AIM includes our SKYSITE software to organize, search and retrieve documents, as well as the provision of services that include the capture and conversion of hardcopy and electronic documents, and their cloud-based storage and maintenance. AIM sales are driven by the need to leverage past intellectual property for present or future use, facilitate cost savings and efficiency improvements over current hardcopy and digital storage methods, as well as comply with regulatory and records retention requirements.

Equipment and Supplies, which consists of reselling printing, imaging, and related equipment to customers primarily to architectural, engineering and construction firms.

We have expanded our business beyond the services we traditionally provided to the architectural, engineering, construction, and building owner/operator (AEC/O) industry in the past and are currently focused on growing MPS, AIM and CDIM, as we believe the mix of services demanded by the AEC/O industry continues to shift toward document management at customer locations and in the cloud, and away from its historical emphasis on large-format construction drawings produced “offsite” in our service centers.

We deliver our services via the cloud, through a nationwide network of service centers, regionally-based technical specialists, locally-based sales executives, and a national/regional sales force known as Global Solutions.

Based on our analysis of our operating results, we estimate that sales to the AEC/O industry accounted for approximately 79% of our net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2019, with the remaining 21% consisting of sales to businesses outside of construction.

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Costs and Expenses

Our cost of sales consists primarily of materials (paper, toner and other consumables), labor, and “indirect costs” which consist primarily of equipment expenses related to our MPS contracts and our service center facilities. Facilities and equipment expenses include maintenance, repairs, rents, insurance, and depreciation. Paper is the largest component of our material cost; however, paper pricing typically does not significantly affect our operating margins due, in part, to our efforts to pass increased costs on to our customers. We closely monitor material cost as a percentage of net sales to measure volume and waste. We also track labor utilization, or net sales per employee, to measure productivity and determine staffing levels.

We maintain low levels of inventory. Historically, our capital expenditure requirements have varied due to the cost and availability of finance lease lines of credit. Our relationships with credit providers has provided attractive lease rates over the recent years, and as a result, we chose to lease rather than purchase equipment in a significant portion of our engagements.

Research and development costs consist mainly of the salaries, leased building space, and computer equipment that comprises our data storage and development centers in San Ramon, California and Kolkata, India. Such costs are primarily recorded to cost of sales.

Results of Operations

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Increase (decrease)
(In millions, except percentages)	2019		2018		$			%
CDIM	$	50.8	$	52.3	$	(1.5	)	(2.9	)%
MPS	30.9		31.5		(0.6		)	(1.8	)%
AIM	3.3		2.9		0.3			11.6	%
Equipment and supplies sales	12.1		11.0		1.2			10.5	%
Total net sales	$	97.1	$	97.7	$	(0.6	)	(0.6	)%
Gross profit	$	30.7	$	30.2	$	0.5		1.6	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses	$	27.6	$	27.3	$	0.3		1.2	%
Amortization of intangibles	$	0.9	$	1.0	$	(0.1	)	(11.2	)%
Interest expense, net	$	1.4	$	1.4	$	—		(0.8	)%
Income tax provision	$	0.3	$	—	$	0.2		628.2	%
Net income attributable to ARC	$	0.6	$	0.6	$	—		(5.7	)%
Non-GAAP (1)
Adjusted net income attributable to ARC (1)	$	0.6	$	0.5	$	0.1		29.0	%
EBITDA (1)	$	10.6	$	10.2	$	0.4		3.7	%
Adjusted EBITDA (1)	$	11.2	$	10.9	$	0.3		3.1	%

(1) See "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" on pg. 25 for additional information.

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The following table provides information on the percentages of certain items of selected financial data as a percentage of net sales for the periods indicated:

	As Percentage of Net Sales
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019 (1)		2018 (1)
Net Sales	100.0	%	100.0	%
Cost of sales	68.4		69.1
Gross profit	31.6		30.9
Selling, general and administrative expenses	28.5		27.9
Amortization of intangibles	0.9		1.0
Income from operations	2.2		1.9
Interest expense, net	1.5		1.5
Income before income tax provision	0.8		0.5
Income tax provision	0.3		—
Net income	0.5		0.5
Loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest	0.1		0.2
Net income attributable to ARC	0.6	%	0.6	%
Non-GAAP (2)
EBITDA (2)	10.9	%	10.5	%
Adjusted EBITDA (2)	11.6	%	11.2	%

(1) Column does not foot due to rounding

(2) See "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" on pg. 25 for additional information.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2018

Net Sales

Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2019decreased 0.6% compared to the same period in 2018 due primarily to declines in our print-based sales.

CDIM. Year-over-year sales of CDIM services decreased $1.5 million, or 2.9%, for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease in sales of CDIM services was driven by one less business day in 2019, as well as the continued but moderating reduction in demand for printed construction drawings and related services being replaced by the ongoing adoption of technology. CDIM services represented 52% of total net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to 54% for the three months ended March 31, 2018.

MPS. Year-over-year MPS sales for the three months ended March 31, 2019decreased $0.6 million, or 1.8%. The decline in MPS sales for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was due to one less business day in 2019, in addition to an overall decline in print volumes from our existing customers. The decline in print volumes was driven in part by the continued optimization of our customers' in-house print environments. Our MPS offering delivers value to our customers by optimizing their print infrastructure, which in turn, will lower their print volume over time. MPS sales represented approximately 32% of total net sales for both the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.

The number of MPS locations has grown to approximately 10,580 as of March 31, 2019, representing a net increase of approximately 310 locations compared to March 31, 2018. While MPS is subject to temporary performance fluctuations based on the loss or acquisition of large clients, we believe there is an opportunity for MPS sales growth in the future due to the value that we bring to our customers and the desire to reduce printing costs in the AEC/O industry.

AIM. Year-over-year sales of AIM services increased $0.3 million, or 11.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The increase in sales of our AIM services was primarily driven by increased sales of solutions for building owners and facilities managers. We are driving an expansion of our addressable market for AIM services by targeting building owners and facilities managers that require on-demand access to their legacy documents to operate their assets efficiently.

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Equipment and Supplies Sales. Year-over-year sales of Equipment and Supplies increased $1.2 million, or 10.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The increase in Equipment and Supplies sales were primarily driven by the sales derived from UNIS Document Solutions Co. Ltd (“UDS”), our Chinese business venture. Equipment and Supplies sales at UDS increased to $6.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to $5.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018. Traditionally, our customers in China have exhibited a preference for owning print and imaging related equipment as opposed to using equipment through onsite services arrangements. Equipment and Supplies sales continued to decline in the U.S. for the three months ended March 31, 2019. We do not anticipate growth in Equipment and Supplies sales outside of China as we continue to place more focus on growing MPS sales and converting sales contracts to MPS agreements.

Gross Profit

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, gross profit and gross margin increased to $30.7 million, and 31.6% compared to $30.2 million and 30.9%, during the same period in 2018, on a sales decline of $0.6 million.

The increase in our gross margins for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was primarily driven by certain gross margin improvement initiatives we commenced in 2018 as well as a moderation of healthcare costs as compared to the comparable period in the prior year .

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $0.3 million, or 1.2%, for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018.

General and administrative expenses increased$0.6 million, or 4.2%, for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The increase in expenses was primarily driven by increased cloud hosting expenses and consulting expenses.

Year-over-year sales and marketing expenses decreased$0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The year-over-year decrease in sales and marketing expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was primarily due to an optimization of our sales organization, maintaining certain investments that yielded positive results and discontinuing those investments that did not.

Amortization of Intangibles

Amortization of intangibles of $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 decreased slightly compared to the same period in 2018 due to the completed amortization of certain customer relationship intangibles related to historical acquisitions.

Interest Expense, Net

Net interest expense was flat at $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. The continued pay down of our long-term debt was partially offset by rising interest rates.

Income Taxes

We recorded an income tax provision of $0.3 million in relation to pretax income of $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019, which resulted in an effective income tax rate of 38.8%. Excluding the impact of valuation allowances, certain nondeductible stock-based compensation, and other discrete tax items, our effective income tax rate would have been 31.1%.

By comparison, we recorded an income tax provision of $39 thousand in relation to pretax income of $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018, which resulted in an effective income tax rate of 7.6%. For the three months ended March 31, 2018, our effective income tax rate would have been 36.1%, excluding the impact of an additional valuation allowance and certain stock-based compensation not deductible for income tax purposes and other discrete items.

We have a deferred tax asset of approximately $2.4 million related to certain stock-based compensation with a strike price of $8.20 that is pending to expire in the second quarter of 2019. Upon expiration, if unexercised, we will record deferred tax expense of approximately $2.4 million, which will be treated as a discrete item.

We have a $2.2 million valuation allowance against certain deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2019.

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Noncontrolling Interest

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest represents 35% of the income of UDS and its subsidiaries, which together comprise our Chinese joint-venture operations.

Net Income Attributable to ARC

Net income attributable to ARC decreased slightly to $0.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2019. The change in net income attributable compared to the prior year period was driven by increased gross profit, partially offset by increases in selling, general and administrative expenses and the tax provision for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

EBITDA

EBITDA margin increased to 10.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2019, from 10.5% for the same period in 2018. Excluding the effect of stock-based compensation, adjusted EBITDA margin increased to 11.6% during the three months ended March 31, 2019, as compared to 11.2% for the same period in 2018. The increase in adjusted EBITDA margin for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was primarily due to the increase in gross profit noted above.

Impact of Inflation

We do not believe inflation has had a significant effect on our operations. Price increases for raw materials, such as paper and fuel charges, typically have been, and we expect will continue to be, passed on to customers in the ordinary course of business.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

EBITDA and related ratios presented in this report are supplemental measures of our performance that are not required by or presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). These measures are not measurements of our financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to net income, income from operations, or any other performance measures derived in accordance with GAAP or as an alternative to cash flows from operating, investing or financing activities as a measure of our liquidity.

EBITDA represents net income before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. EBITDA margin is a non-GAAP measure calculated by dividing EBITDA by net sales.

We have presented EBITDA and related ratios because we consider them important supplemental measures of our performance and liquidity. We believe investors may also find these measures meaningful, given how our management makes use of them. The following is a discussion of our use of these measures.

We use EBITDA to measure and compare the performance of our operating segments. Our operating segments’ financial performance includes all of the operating activities except debt and taxation which are managed at the corporate level for U.S. operating segments. We use EBITDA to compare the performance of our operating segments and to measure performance for determining consolidated-level compensation. In addition, we use EBITDA to evaluate potential acquisitions and potential capital expenditures.

EBITDA and related ratios have limitations as analytical tools, and should not be considered in isolation, or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations are as follows:

• They do not reflect our cash expenditures, or future requirements for capital expenditures and contractual commitments;

• They do not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;

• They do not reflect the significant interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary, to service interest or principal payments on our debt;

• Although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized will often have to be replaced in the future, and EBITDA does not reflect any cash requirements for such replacements; and

• Other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate these measures differently than we do, limiting their usefulness as comparative measures.

Because of these limitations, EBITDA and related ratios should not be considered as measures of discretionary cash available to us to invest in business growth or to reduce our indebtedness. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our GAAP results and using EBITDA and related ratios only as supplements.

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Our presentation of adjusted net income and adjusted EBITDA over certain periods is an attempt to provide meaningful comparisons to our historical performance for our existing and future investors. The unprecedented changes in our end markets over the past several years have required us to take measures that are unique in our history and specific to individual circumstances. Comparisons inclusive of these actions make normal financial and other performance patterns difficult to discern under a strict GAAP presentation. Each non-GAAP presentation, however, is explained in detail in the reconciliation tables below.

Specifically, we have presented adjusted net income attributable to ARC and adjusted earnings per share attributable to ARC shareholders for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 to reflect the exclusion of changes in the valuation allowances related to certain deferred tax assets and other discrete tax items. This presentation facilitates a meaningful comparison of our operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. We believe these charges were the result of items which are not indicative of our actual operating performance.

We have presented adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 to exclude stock-based compensation expense. The adjustment of EBITDA is consistent with the definition of adjusted EBITDA in our Credit Agreement; therefore, we believe this information is useful to investors in assessing our financial performance.

The following is a reconciliation of cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities to EBITDA:

	Three Months Ended   March 31,
(In thousands)	2019			2018
Cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities	$	2,665		$	(1,979	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities	7,102			11,553
Non-cash expenses, including depreciation and amortization	(9,320		)	(9,098		)
Income tax provision	284			39
Interest expense, net	1,430			1,442
Loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest	145			152
Depreciation and amortization	8,318			8,137
EBITDA	$	10,624		$	10,246

The following is a reconciliation of net income attributable to ARC Document Solutions, Inc. to EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA:

	Three Months Ended   March 31,
(In thousands)	2019		2018
Net income attributable to ARC Document Solutions, Inc.	$	592	$	628
Interest expense, net	1,430		1,442
Income tax provision	284		39
Depreciation and amortization	8,318		8,137
EBITDA	10,624		10,246
Stock-based compensation	608		653
Adjusted EBITDA	$	11,232	$	10,899

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The following is a reconciliation of net income margin attributable to ARC Document Solutions, Inc. to EBITDA margin and adjusted EBITDA margin:

	Three Months Ended   March 31,
	2019 (1)		2018 (1)
Net income margin attributable to ARC Document Solutions, Inc.	0.6	%	0.6	%
Interest expense, net	1.5		1.5
Income tax provision	0.3		—
Depreciation and amortization	8.6		8.3
EBITDA margin	10.9		10.5
Stock-based compensation	0.6		0.7
Adjusted EBITDA margin	11.6	%	11.2	%

(1) Column does not foot due to rounding

The following is a reconciliation of net income attributable to ARC Document Solutions, Inc. to adjusted net income attributable to ARC Document Solutions, Inc.:

	Three Months Ended   March 31,
(In thousands, except per share amounts)	2019		2018
Net income attributable to ARC Document Solutions, Inc.	$	592	$	628
Deferred tax valuation allowance and other discrete tax items	26		(149		)
Adjusted net income attributable to ARC Document Solutions, Inc.	$	618	$	479
Actual:
Earnings per share attributable to ARC Document Solutions, Inc. shareholders:
Basic	$	0.01	$	0.01
Diluted	$	0.01	$	0.01
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	45,118		44,741
Diluted	45,355		44,855
Adjusted:
Earnings per share attributable to ARC Document Solutions, Inc. shareholders:
Basic	$	0.01	$	0.01
Diluted	$	0.01	$	0.01
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	45,118		44,741
Diluted	45,355		44,855

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal sources of cash have been cash flows from operations and borrowings under our debt and lease agreements. Our recent historical uses of cash have been for ongoing operations, payment of principal and interest on outstanding debt obligations, capital expenditures and stock repurchases.

Total cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2019, was $18.8 million. Of this amount, $12.7 million was held in foreign countries, with $11.0 million held in China. Repatriation of some of our cash and cash equivalents in foreign countries could be subject to delay for local country approvals and could have potential adverse tax consequences. As a result of holding cash and cash equivalents outside of the U.S., our financial flexibility may be reduced.

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Supplemental information pertaining to our historical sources and uses of cash is presented as follows and should be read in conjunction with our interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and notes thereto included elsewhere in this report.

	Three Months Ended   March 31,
(In thousands)	2019			2018
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	2,665		$	(1,979	)
Net cash used in investing activities	$	(3,030	)	$	(2,512	)
Net cash used in financing activities	$	(9,644	)	$	(9,695	)

Operating Activities

Cash flows from operations are primarily driven by sales and net profit generated from these sales, excluding non-cash charges.

The increase in cash flows from operations during the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 was primarily a result of the timing of cash outlays related to accounts payable and accrued expenses. Days sales outstanding (“DSO”) was 56 days as of March 31, 2019 and 55 as of March 31, 2018.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities was primarily related to capital expenditures. We incurred capital expenditures totaling $3.2 million and $2.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The change in capital expenditures is driven primarily by the timing of equipment purchases, and whether such equipment is leased or purchased with available cash.

Financing Activities

Net cash of $9.6 million used in financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2019 primarily relates to payments on our debt agreements and finance leases. During the first quarter of 2019, we continued to pay down the outstanding revolving loans under our Credit Agreement.

Our cash position, working capital, and debt obligations as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are shown below and should be read in conjunction with our interim Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and notes thereto contained elsewhere in this report.

(In thousands)	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents	$	18,770	$	29,433
Working capital	$	19,938	$	34,425
Borrowings from credit agreement (1) (2)	$	74,491	$	79,444
Other debt obligations	46,827		47,748
Total debt obligations	$	121,318	$	127,192

(1) Net of deferred financing fees of $0.5 million and $0.6 million at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

(2) Includes $22.9 million and $26.8 million of revolving loans outstanding under our Credit Agreement at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

The decrease of $14.5 million in working capital in 2019 was primarily due to the decline in cash resulting from the timing of payments related to year-end accrued expenses as well as the addition of the current portion of operating lease liabilities on the balance sheet due to the new lease accounting rules that came into effect in 2019. To manage our working capital, we chiefly focus on our DSO and monitor the aging of our accounts receivable, as receivables are the most significant element of our working capital.

We believe that our current cash and cash equivalents balance of $18.8 million, availability under our revolving credit facility, availability under our equipment lease lines, and cash flows provided by operations should be adequate to cover the next twelve months of working capital needs, debt service requirements consisting of scheduled principal and interest payments, and planned

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capital expenditures, to the extent such items are known or are reasonably determinable based on current business and market conditions. See “Debt Obligations” section for further information related to our revolving credit facility.

We generate the majority of our revenue from sales of services and products to the AEC/O industry. As a result, our operating results and financial condition can be significantly affected by economic factors that influence the AEC/O industry, such as non-residential and residential construction spending. Additionally, a general economic downturn may adversely affect the ability of our customers and suppliers to obtain financing for significant operations and purchases, and to perform their obligations under their agreements with us. We believe that credit constraints in the financial markets could result in a decrease in, or cancellation of, existing business, could limit new business, and could negatively affect our ability to collect our accounts receivable on a timely basis.

While we have not been actively seeking growth through acquisition, the executive team continues to selectively evaluate potential acquisitions.

Debt Obligations

Credit Agreement

On July 14, 2017, we amended our credit agreement ("Credit Agreement"), which was originally entered into on November 20, 2014 with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent and the lenders party thereto.

Prior to being amended, the Credit Agreement provided for the extension of term loans (“Term Loans”) in an aggregate principal amount of $175.0 million. In addition, prior to being amended, the Credit Agreement provided for the extension of revolving loans (“Revolving Loans”) in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $30.0 million. The amendment increased the maximum aggregate principal amount of Revolving Loans under the agreement from $30.0 million to $80.0 million and reduced the outstanding principal amount of the Term Loan under the agreement to $60.0 million. Upon the execution of the amendment to the Credit Agreement, the total principal amount outstanding under the agreement remained unchanged at $110.0 million. As a result of the amendment to the Credit Agreement, the principal of the Term Loan amortizes at an annual rate of 7.5% during the first and second years following the date of the amendment and at an annual rate of 10% during the third, fourth and fifth years following the date of the amendment, with any remaining balance payable upon the maturity date. The amendment also extended the maturity date for both the Revolving Loans and the Term Loans until July 14, 2022. In November 2018, we reduced the $80.0 million Revolving Loan commitment by $15.0 million.

As of March 31, 2019, our borrowing availability under the Revolving Loan commitment was $39.9 million, after deducting outstanding letters of credit of $2.2 million and outstanding Revolving Loans of $22.9 million.

Loans borrowed under the Credit Agreement bear interest, in the case of LIBOR rate loans, at a per annum rate equal to the applicable LIBOR rate, plus a margin ranging from 1.25% to 2.25%, based on our Total Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement). Loans borrowed under the Credit Agreement that are not LIBOR rate loans bear interest at a per annum rate equal to (i) the greatest of (A) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, (B) the one month LIBOR rate plus 1.00%, per annum, and (C) the rate of interest announced, from time to time, by Wells Fargo Bank, National Association as its “prime rate,” plus (ii) a margin ranging from 0.25% to 1.25%, based on our Total Leverage Ratio. The amendment reduced the rate of interest payable on the loans borrowed under the Credit Agreement by 0.25%.

Subject to certain exceptions, including in certain circumstances, reinvestment rights, the loans extended under the Credit Agreement are subject to customary mandatory prepayment provisions with respect to: the net proceeds from certain asset sales; the net proceeds from certain issuances or incurrences of debt (other than debt permitted to be incurred under the terms of the Credit Agreement); the net proceeds from certain issuances of equity securities; and net proceeds of certain insurance recoveries and condemnation events.

The Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties, subject to limitations and exceptions, and customary covenants restricting the ability (subject to various exceptions) of us and our subsidiaries to: incur additional indebtedness (including guarantee obligations); incur liens; sell certain property or assets; engage in mergers or other fundamental changes; consummate acquisitions; make investments; pay dividends, other distributions or repurchase equity interest of us or our subsidiaries; change the nature of their business; prepay or amend certain indebtedness; engage in certain transactions with affiliates; amend our organizational documents; or enter into certain restrictive agreements. In addition, the Credit Agreement contains financial covenants which requires us to maintain (i) at all times, a Total Leverage Ratio in an amount not to exceed 3.25 to 1.00; and (ii) a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement), as of the last day of each fiscal quarter, an amount not less than 1.15 to 1.00. We were in compliance with our covenants as of March 31, 2019 and are currently forecasted to remain in compliance with our covenants for the remainder of the term of the Credit Agreement.

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The Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, including with respect to: nonpayment of principal, interest, fees or other amounts; failure to perform or observe covenants; material inaccuracy of a representation or warranty when made; cross-default to other material indebtedness; bankruptcy, insolvency and dissolution events; inability to pay debts; monetary judgment defaults; actual or asserted invalidity or impairment of any definitive loan documentation, repudiation of guaranties or subordination terms; certain ERISA related events; or a change of control.

The obligations of our subsidiary that is the borrower under the Credit Agreement are guaranteed by us and each of our other United States domestic subsidiaries. The Credit Agreement and any interest rate protection and other hedging arrangements provided by any lender party to the Credit facility or any affiliate of such a lender are secured on a first priority basis by a perfected security interest in substantially all of our and each guarantor’s assets (subject to certain exceptions).

Finance Leases

As of March 31, 2019, we had $46.8 million of finance lease obligations outstanding, with a weighted average interest rate of 4.8% and maturities between 2019 and 2024.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of March 31, 2019, we did not have any off-balance-sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation S-K.

Contractual Obligations and Other Commitments

Operating Leases. We have entered into various non-cancelable operating leases primarily related to facilities, equipment and vehicles used in the ordinary course of business.

Legal Proceedings. We are involved in various legal proceedings and other legal matters from time to time in the normal course of business. We do not believe that the outcome of any of those matters will have a material effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Critical Accounting Policies

Critical accounting policies are those accounting policies that we believe are important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results and require our most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. Our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K includes a description of certain critical accounting policies, including those with respect to goodwill, revenue recognition, and income taxes. There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies described in our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Goodwill Impairment

In accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other, we assess goodwill for impairment annually as of September 30, and more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that goodwill might be impaired. At September 30, 2018, the Company performed its assessment and determined that goodwill was not impaired.

Goodwill impairment testing is performed at the reporting unit level. Goodwill is assigned to reporting units at the date the goodwill is initially recorded. Once goodwill has been assigned to reporting units, it no longer retains its association with a particular acquisition, and all of the activities within a reporting unit, whether acquired or internally generated, are available to support the value of the goodwill.

We determine the fair value of our reporting units using an income approach. Under the income approach, we determined fair value based on estimated discounted future cash flows of each reporting unit. Determining the fair value of a reporting unit is judgmental in nature and requires the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including revenue growth rates and EBITDA margins, discount rates and future market conditions, among others.

For our annual goodwill impairment test as of September 30, 2017, we elected to early-adopt ASU 2017-04 which simplifies subsequent goodwill measurement by eliminating step two from the goodwill impairment test. As a result, we compare the fair value of a reporting unit with its respective carrying value, and recognized an impairment charge, if any, for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value.

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The results of the latest annual goodwill impairment test, as of September 30, 2018, were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)	Number of Reporting Units	Representing Goodwill of
No goodwill balance	6	$	—
Fair value of reporting units exceeds their carrying values by more than 100%	2	121,051
	8	$	121,051

Based upon a sensitivity analysis, a reduction of approximately 50 basis points of projected EBITDA in 2019 and beyond, assuming all other assumptions remain constant, would result in no further impairment of goodwill.

Based upon a separate sensitivity analysis, a 50 basis point increase to the weighted average cost of capital would result in no further impairment of goodwill.

Given the changing document and printing needs of our customers and the uncertainties regarding the effect on our business, there can be no assurance that the estimates and assumptions made for purposes of our goodwill impairment testing in 2018 will prove to be accurate predictions of the future. If our assumptions, including forecasted EBITDA of certain reporting units, are not achieved, we may be required to record additional goodwill impairment charges in future periods, whether in connection with our next annual impairment testing in the third quarter of 2019, or on an interim basis, if any such change constitutes a triggering event (as defined under ASC 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other) outside of the quarter when we regularly perform our annual goodwill impairment test. It is not possible at this time to determine if any such future impairment charge would result or, if it does, whether such charge would be material.

Income Taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect temporary differences between the amount of assets and liabilities for financial and tax reporting purposes. Such amounts are adjusted, as appropriate, to reflect changes in tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse. A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Changes in tax laws or accounting standards and methods may affect recorded deferred taxes in future periods.

When establishing a valuation allowance, we consider future sources of taxable income such as future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards and tax planning strategies. A tax planning strategy is an action that: is prudent and feasible; an enterprise ordinarily might not take, but would take to prevent an operating loss or tax credit carryforward from expiring unused; and would result in realization of deferred tax assets. In the event we determine that our deferred tax assets, more likely than not, will not be realized in the future, the valuation adjustment to the deferred tax assets will be charged to earnings in the period in which we make such a determination. We have a $2.2 million valuation allowance against certain deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2019.

In future quarters we will continue to evaluate our historical results for the preceding twelve quarters and our future projections to determine whether we will generate sufficient taxable income to utilize our deferred tax assets, and whether a valuation allowance is required.

We calculate our current and deferred tax provision based on estimates and assumptions that could differ from the actual results reflected in income tax returns filed in subsequent years. Adjustments based on filed returns are recorded when identified.

Income taxes have not been provided on certain undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries because such earnings are considered to be permanently reinvested.

The amount of taxable income or loss we report to the various tax jurisdictions is subject to ongoing audits by federal, state and foreign tax authorities. We estimate of the potential outcome of any uncertain tax issue is subject to management’s assessment of relevant risks, facts, and circumstances existing at that time. We use a more-likely-than-not threshold for financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. We record a liability for the difference between the benefit recognized and measured and tax position taken or expected to be taken on its tax return. To the extent that our assessment of such tax positions changes, the change in estimate is recorded in the period in which the determination is made. We report tax-related interest and penalties as a component of income tax expense.

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Our effective income tax rate differs from the statutory tax rate primarily due to the effect of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "TCJA") enacted on December 22, 2017, the valuation allowance on certain of the Company’s deferred tax assets, state income taxes, stock-based compensation, goodwill and other identifiable intangibles, and other discrete items. See Note 4 “Income Taxes” for further information.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1, “Description of Business and Basis of Presentation” to our interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosure on recent accounting pronouncements and the adoption of ASC 842, Leases, on January 1, 2019.

Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Not applicable.

Item 4.Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ("Exchange Act") are recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of March 31, 2019. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of March 31, 2019, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes to internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended March 31, 2019, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.Legal Proceedings

We are involved in various legal proceedings and other legal matters from time to time in the normal course of business. We do not believe that the outcome of any of those matters will have a material effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Item 1A.Risk Factors

Information concerning certain risks and uncertainties appears in Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018. You should carefully consider those risks and uncertainties, which could materially affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

On May 1, 2019, the Company's Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program that authorizes the Company to purchase up to $15.0 million of the Company's outstanding common stock through March 31, 2021. Under the repurchase program, purchases of shares of common stock may be made from time to time in the open market, or in privately negotiated transactions, in compliance with applicable state and federal securities laws. The timing and amounts of any purchases will be based on market conditions and other factors including price, regulatory requirements, and capital availability. The stock repurchase program does not obligate the company to acquire any specific number of shares in any period, and may be expanded, extended, modified or discontinued at any time without prior notice.

Item 6.Exhibits

Exhibit Number	Description
31.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
31.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
32.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document *
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema *
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase *
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase *
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase *
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase *

* Filed herewith

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: May 8, 2019

ARC DOCUMENT SOLUTIONS, INC.

/s/ KUMARAKULASINGAM SURIYAKUMAR

Kumarakulasingam Suriyakumar

Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

/s/ JORGE AVALOS

Jorge Avalos

Chief Financial Officer

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EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number	Description
31.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
31.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
32.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document *
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema *
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase *
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase *
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase *
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase *

* Filed herewith

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