10-Q 1 nvl-2015093010q.htm 10-Q FY2016Q2 10-Q


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549 
Form 10-Q
(Mark One)
ý
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2015
Or
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from            to            
Commission file number: 001-32312
Novelis Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 
Canada
 
98-0442987
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
 
 
3560 Lenox Road, Suite 2000
Atlanta, Georgia
 
30326
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)
Telephone: (404) 760-4000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).     Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer
¨
 
Accelerated filer
¨
 
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer
ý
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company
¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  ý
As of November 6, 2015, the registrant had 1,000 shares of common stock, no par value, outstanding. All of the registrant’s outstanding shares were held indirectly by Hindalco Industries Ltd., the registrant’s parent company.




Novelis Inc.
TABLE OF CONTENTS


2


PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)
Novelis Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (unaudited)
(in millions)
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Net sales
$
2,482

 
$
2,831

 
$
5,116

 
$
5,511

Cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
2,241

 
2,483

 
4,641

 
4,812

Selling, general and administrative expenses
100

 
103

 
200

 
211

Depreciation and amortization
89

 
90

 
176

 
179

Interest expense and amortization of debt issuance costs
82

 
82

 
162

 
163

Research and development expenses
13

 
12

 
26

 
24

Gain on assets held for sale
—

 
—

 
—

 
(11
)
Loss on extinguishment of debt
—

 
—

 
13

 
—

Restructuring and impairment, net
4

 
7

 
19

 
13

Equity in net loss of non-consolidated affiliates
1

 
—

 
2

 
2

Other (income) expense, net
(32
)
 
18

 
(62
)
 
23

 
2,498

 
2,795

 
5,177

 
5,416

(Loss) income before income taxes
(16
)
 
36

 
(61
)
 
95

Income tax (benefit) provision
(3
)
 
(2
)
 
12

 
22

Net (loss) income
(13
)
 
38

 
(73
)
 
73

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Net (loss) income attributable to our common shareholder
$
(13
)
 
$
38

 
$
(73
)
 
$
73

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.


3


Novelis Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (unaudited)
(in millions)
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
Net (loss) income
$
(13
)
 
$
38

Other comprehensive (loss) income:
 
 
 
Currency translation adjustment
(61
)
 
(133
)
Net change in fair value of effective portion of cash flow hedges
(48
)
 
(7
)
Net change in pension and other benefits
9

 
10

Other comprehensive loss before income tax effect
(100
)
 
(130
)
Income tax (benefit) provision related to items of other comprehensive (loss) income
(5
)
 
6

Other comprehensive loss, net of tax
(95
)
 
(136
)
Comprehensive loss
(108
)
 
(98
)
Less: Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax
—

 
(2
)
Comprehensive loss attributable to our common shareholder
$
(108
)
 
$
(96
)

 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
Net (loss) income
$
(73
)
 
$
73

Other comprehensive (loss) income:
 
 
 
Currency translation adjustment
(19
)
 
(106
)
Net change in fair value of effective portion of cash flow hedges
(10
)
 
6

Net change in pension and other benefits
—

 
(3
)
Other comprehensive loss before income tax effect
(29
)
 
(103
)
Income tax provision related to items of other comprehensive loss
1

 
1

Other comprehensive loss, net of tax
(30
)
 
(104
)
Comprehensive loss
(103
)
 
(31
)
Less: Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax
(2
)
 
(1
)
Comprehensive loss attributable to our common shareholder
$
(101
)
 
$
(30
)

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

4


Novelis Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (unaudited)
(in millions, except number of shares)
 
September 30,
2015
 
March 31,
2015
ASSETS
 
 
 
Current assets
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
462

 
$
628

Accounts receivable, net
 
 
 
— third parties (net of uncollectible accounts of $3 as of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015)
1,155

 
1,289

— related parties
55

 
53

Inventories
1,349

 
1,431

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
104

 
112

Fair value of derivative instruments
102

 
77

Deferred income tax assets
43

 
79

Assets held for sale
5

 
6

Total current assets
3,275

 
3,675

Property, plant and equipment, net
3,488

 
3,542

Goodwill
607

 
607

Intangible assets, net
566

 
584

Investment in and advances to non–consolidated affiliate
464

 
447

Deferred income tax assets
95

 
95

Other long–term assets
 
 
 
— third parties
116

 
137

— related parties
19

 
15

Total assets
$
8,630

 
$
9,102

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDER’S DEFICIT
 
 
 
Current liabilities
 
 
 
Current portion of long–term debt
$
102

 
$
108

Short–term borrowings
901

 
846

Accounts payable
 
 
 
— third parties
1,435

 
1,854

— related parties
49

 
44

Fair value of derivative instruments
159

 
149

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
593

 
572

Deferred income tax liabilities
1

 
20

Total current liabilities
3,240

 
3,593

Long–term debt, net of current portion
4,418

 
4,349

Deferred income tax liabilities
196

 
261

Accrued postretirement benefits
765

 
748

Other long–term liabilities
185

 
221

Total liabilities
8,804

 
9,172

Commitments and contingencies

 

Shareholder’s deficit
 
 
 
Common stock, no par value; unlimited number of shares authorized; 1,000 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015
—

 
—

Additional paid–in capital
1,404

 
1,404

Accumulated deficit
(998
)
 
(925
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(589
)
 
(561
)
Total deficit of our common shareholder
(183
)
 
(82
)
Noncontrolling interests
9

 
12

Total deficit
(174
)
 
(70
)
Total liabilities and deficit
$
8,630

 
$
9,102

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

5


Novelis Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited)
(in millions)
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Net (loss) income
$
(73
)
 
$
73

Adjustments to determine net cash used in operating activities:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
176

 
179

(Gain) loss on unrealized derivatives and other realized derivatives in investing activities, net
(12
)
 
14

Gain on assets held for sale
—

 
(11
)
Loss on sale of assets
1

 
3

Impairment charges
2

 
—

Loss on extinguishment of debt
13

 
—

Deferred income taxes
(44
)
 
(18
)
Amortization of fair value adjustments, net
6

 
6

Equity in net loss of non-consolidated affiliates
2

 
2

Gain on foreign exchange remeasurement of debt
(6
)
 
(3
)
Amortization of debt issuance costs and carrying value adjustments
10

 
13

Other, net
—

 
(1
)
Changes in assets and liabilities including assets and liabilities held for sale (net of effects from divestitures):
 
 
 
Accounts receivable
127

 
(187
)
Inventories
87

 
(369
)
Accounts payable
(384
)
 
295

Other current assets
10

 
(29
)
Other current liabilities
25

 
27

Other noncurrent assets
19

 
(2
)
Other noncurrent liabilities
(22
)
 
(5
)
Net cash used in operating activities
(63
)
 
(13
)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Capital expenditures
(204
)
 
(264
)
Proceeds from sales of assets, third party, net of transaction fees and hedging
1

 
34

Outflows from investment in and advances to non-consolidated affiliates, net
(4
)
 
(11
)
(Outflows) proceeds from settlement of other undesignated derivative instruments, net
(14
)
 
3

Net cash used in investing activities
(221
)
 
(238
)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Proceeds from issuance of long-term and short-term borrowings
140

 
198

Principal payments of long-term and short-term borrowings
(135
)
 
(126
)
Revolving credit facilities and other, net
123

 
248

Return of capital to our common shareholder
—

 
(250
)
Dividends, noncontrolling interest
(1
)
 
(1
)
Debt issuance costs
(13
)
 
—

Net cash provided by financing activities
114

 
69

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
(170
)
 
(182
)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
4

 
(1
)
Cash and cash equivalents — beginning of period
628

 
509

Cash and cash equivalents — end of period
$
462

 
$
326


See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

6


Novelis Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF DEFICIT (unaudited)
(in millions, except number of shares)
 
 
Deficit of our Common Shareholder
 
 
 
 
 
Common Stock
 
Additional
Paid-in Capital
 
Accumulated Deficit
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss (AOCI)
 
Non-
controlling Interests
 
Total Deficit
 
Shares
 
Amount
Balance as of March 31, 2015
1,000

 
$
—

 
$
1,404

 
$
(925
)
 
$
(561
)
 
$
12

 
$
(70
)
Net loss attributable to our common shareholder
—

 
—

 
—

 
(73
)
 
—

 
—

 
(73
)
Currency translation adjustment, net of tax provision of $ - million included in AOCI
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(16
)
 
(3
)
 
(19
)
Change in fair value of effective portion of cash flow hedges, net of tax provision of $2 million included in AOCI
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(12
)
 
—

 
(12
)
Change in pension and other benefits, net of tax benefit of $1 million included in AOCI
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1

 
1

Noncontrolling interest cash dividends declared
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(1
)
 
(1
)
Balance as of September 30, 2015
1,000

 
$
—

 
$
1,404

 
$
(998
)
 
$
(589
)
 
$
9

 
$
(174
)
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.


7
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)




1.    BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
References herein to “Novelis,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us” refer to Novelis Inc. and its subsidiaries unless the context specifically indicates otherwise. References herein to “Hindalco” refer to Hindalco Industries Limited. Hindalco acquired Novelis in May 2007. All of the common shares of Novelis are owned directly by AV Metals Inc. and indirectly by Hindalco Industries Limited.
Organization and Description of Business
Novelis is the world's leading aluminum rolled products producer based on shipment volume in fiscal 2015. We produce aluminum sheet and light gauge products for use in the packaging market, which includes beverage and food can and foil products, as well as for use in the automotive, transportation, electronics, architectural and industrial product markets. We are also the world's largest recycler of aluminum and have recycling operations in many of our plants to recycle both post-consumer aluminum and post-industrial aluminum. As of September 30, 2015, we had manufacturing operations in 11 countries on four continents, which include 25 operating plants, and recycling operations in 11 of these plants.
The March 31, 2015 condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP). The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015 filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on May 12, 2015. Management believes that all adjustments necessary for the fair statement of results, consisting of normally recurring items, have been included in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the interim periods presented.
Consolidation Policy
Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of all wholly-owned subsidiaries, majority-owned subsidiaries over which we exercise control and entities in which we have a controlling financial interest or are deemed to be the primary beneficiary. We eliminate all significant intercompany accounts and transactions from our condensed consolidated financial statements.
We use the equity method to account for our investments in entities that we do not control, but where we have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies. Consolidated “Net (loss) income attributable to our common shareholder” includes our share of net income (loss) of these entities. Our condensed consolidated financial statements include our "Investment in and advances to non-consolidated affiliates" and "Equity in net loss of non-consolidated affiliates.
Use of Estimates and Assumptions
The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. The principal areas of judgment relate to (1) the fair value of derivative financial instruments; (2) impairment of goodwill; (3) impairment of long lived assets and other intangible assets; (4) impairment and assessment of consolidation of equity investments; (5) actuarial assumptions related to pension and other postretirement benefit plans; (6) tax uncertainties and valuation allowances; and (7) assessment of loss contingencies, including environmental and litigation liabilities. Future events and their effects cannot be predicted with certainty, and accordingly, our accounting estimates require the exercise of judgment. The accounting estimates used in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements may change as new events occur, as more experience is acquired, as additional information is obtained and as our operating environment changes. We evaluate and update our assumptions and estimates on an ongoing basis and may employ outside experts to assist in our evaluations. Actual results could differ from the estimates we have used.

8
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
Effective for the first quarter of fiscal 2016, we adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) ASU No. 2013-05, Foreign Currency Matters (Topic 830): Parent's Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets within a Foreign Entity or of an Investment in a Foreign Entity. The amendments in this update provide clarification regarding the release of a cumulative translation adjustment into net income when a parent either sells a part or all of its investment in a foreign entity or no longer holds a controlling financial interest in a subsidiary or group of assets within a foreign entity. Our existing accounting policy complies with this guidance; therefore, there was no impact on our financial statements.
Effective for the first quarter fiscal 2016, we adopted FASB issued ASU No. 2014-08, Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) and Property, Plant, and Equipment (Topic 360): Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity. The amendment changes the criteria for determining which disposals can be presented as discontinued operations and modifies related disclosure requirements. Under the revised standard, a discontinued operation is (1) a component of an entity or group of components that has been disposed of by sale, disposed of other than by sale or is classified as held for sale that represents a strategic shift that has or will have a major effect on an entity’s operations and financial results or (2) an acquired business or nonprofit activity that is classified as held for sale on the date of the acquisition. There was no impact upon adoption; however, the accounting treatment and classification of future disposals under this new standard could differ from our previous treatment and classification of disposals.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards    
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which, when effective, will supersede the guidance in former ASC 605, Revenue Recognition. The new guidance requires entities to recognize revenue based on the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and interim periods within that year. Early adoption is not permitted. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of Effective Date, which provides an optional one-year deferral of the effective date. We are currently evaluating the impact of this standard on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.  
In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-02, Consolidations (Topic 810): Amendments to the Consolidations Analysis, which when effective, will (i) modify the evaluation of whether limited partnerships and similar legal entities are variable interest entities or voting interest entities, (ii) eliminate the presumption that a general partner should consolidate a limited partnership, (iii) affect the consolidation analysis of reporting entities that are involved with variable interest entities, particularly those that have fee arrangements and related party relationships, and (iv) provide a scope exception from consolidation guidance for reporting entities with interests in legal entities that are required to comply with or operate in accordance with requirements that are similar to those in Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act of 1940 for registered money market funds.  The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015 and interim periods within that year. Early adoption is permitted. We will adopt this standard in our first quarter ending June 30, 2016. Adoption of this standard is not expected to have any impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, Interest - Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs, which, when effective, will require that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs are not affected by the amendments in this update. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015 and interim periods within that year. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-15, a clarifying amendment, allowing for debt issuance costs related to lines of credit being presented as an asset and subsequently amortizing the deferred debt issuance costs ratably over the term of the line-of-credit arrangement, regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings on the line-of-credit arrangement. An entity should apply the new guidance on a retrospective basis, wherein the balance sheet or each individual period presented should be adjusted to reflect the period-specific effects of applying the new guidance. Early adoption is permitted. We will adopt this standard in our first quarter ending June 30, 2016. Adoption of this standard will impact the presentation of deferred debt issuance costs on our consolidated financial position. We have determined that the adoption of these changes as of September 30, 2015 would have resulted in a decrease of approximately $34 million to "Other long-term assets" and "Long-term debt, net of current portion" on the accompanying condensed consolidated Balance Sheet, and that we would continue to present debt issuance costs related to lines of credit as an asset. The future impact of the adoption on balance sheet classification may be impacted by future amortization and debt refinancing.

9
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





In May 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-07, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share (or Its Equivalent), which, when effective, will remove the requirement to categorize within the fair value hierarchy all investments for which fair value is measured using the net asset value per share practical expedient. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015 and interim periods within those fiscal years. An entity should apply the amendments retrospectively to all periods presented. Early adoption is permitted. We will adopt this standard in our annual period ending March 31, 2017. Adoption of this standard may impact the presentation of certain pension plan assets in our postretirement benefit plans footnote disclosure.
In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-011, Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory, which, when effective, will remove the requirement to measure inventory at the lower of cost or market whereas market could be replacement cost, net realizable value, or net realizable value less an approximately normal profit margin, and require an entity to measure inventory at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Lower of cost and net realizable value is defined as the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016 including interim periods within those fiscal years. This update should be applied prospectively with earlier application permitted as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. We will adopt this standard on April 1, 2016, the start of our next fiscal year. Adoption of this standard is not expected to have any impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.


10
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





2.    RESTRUCTURING AND IMPAIRMENT
“Restructuring and impairment, net” for the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 was $19 million and $13 million, respectively.
The following table summarizes our restructuring liability activity and other impairment charges (in millions). 
 
 
Total restructuring
liabilities
 
Other restructuring charges (A)
 
Total restructuring charges
 
Other impairments (B)
 
Total
restructuring 
and impairments, net
Balance as of March 31, 2015
 
$
32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
-Provisions
 
18

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
-Reversal of expense
 
(1
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expenses, net
 
17

 
$
2

 
$
19

 
$
—

 
$
19

Cash payments
 
(14
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency and other (C)
 
(6
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance as of September 30, 2015
 
$
29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(A)
Other restructuring charges include period expenses that were not recorded through the restructuring liability.
(B)
Other impairment charges not related to a restructuring activity.
(C)
This primarily relates to the remeasurement of Brazilian real denominated restructuring liabilities.
As of September 30, 2015, $20 million of restructuring liabilities was included in "Accrued expenses and other current liabilities" and $9 million was included in "Other long-term liabilities" on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of September 30, 2015, the restructuring liability for the North America segment was $1 million. The other regional and corporate restructuring activities are described in more detail on the subsequent pages.


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 



    

11
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)






Europe
The following table summarizes our restructuring activity for the Europe segment by plan (in millions).
 
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
Year Ended March 31,
 
Prior to April 1,
 
 
2015
 
2015
 
2014
Restructuring charges - Europe
 
 
 
 
 
Business optimization
 
 
 
 
 
 
Severance
$
2

 
$
3

 
$
43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total restructuring charges - Europe
$
2

 
$
3

 
$
43

 
 
 
 
 
 
Restructuring payments - Europe
 
 
 
 
 
 
Severance
$
(3
)
 
$
(12
)
 
 
Total restructuring payments - Europe
$
(3
)
 
$
(12
)
 
 
The business optimization actions include the shutdown of facilities, staff rationalization and other activities to optimize our business in Europe. As of September 30, 2015, the restructuring liability for the Europe segment was $5 million, which relates to severance charges.

12
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





South America
The following table summarizes our restructuring activity for the South America segment by plan (in millions).
 
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
Year Ended March 31,
 
Prior to April 1,
 
 
2015
 
2015
 
2014
Restructuring charges - South America
 
 
 
 
 
Ouro Preto closures
 
 
 
 
 
 
Severance
$
1

 
$
14

 
$
5

 
Asset impairments (A)
—

 
5

 
1

 
Environmental charges
—

 
6

 
16

 
Contract termination and other exit related costs
1

 
5

 
6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other past restructuring programs
—

 
1

 
20

Total restructuring charges - South America
$
2

 
$
31

 
$
48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restructuring payments - South America
 
 
 
 
 
 
Severance
$
(2
)
 
$
(12
)
 
 
 
Other
(2
)
 
(4
)
 
 
Total restructuring payments - South America
$
(4
)
 
$
(16
)
 
 
(A)     These charges were not recorded through the restructuring liability.
We ceased operations at the smelter in Ouro Preto, Brazil, in December 2014. This decision was made in an effort to further align our global sustainability strategy, and exit non-core operations. Certain charges associated with this closure are reflected within the "Ouro Preto smelter closures" section above, along with our closure of a pot line in Ouro Preto, Brazil, in fiscal 2013. As of September 30, 2015, the restructuring liability for the South America segment was $18 million and related to $12 million of environmental charges, $1 million of certain labor related charges, and $5 million of other exit related costs.
For additional information on environmental charges see Note 16 – Commitments and Contingencies.


13
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





Corporate
The following table summarizes our restructuring activity for our corporate office by plan (in millions).    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
Year Ended March 31,
 
Prior to April 1,
 
 
2015
 
2015
 
2014
Corporate Restructuring Program
 
 
 
 
 
 
Severance
$
13

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
Asset impairments (A)
1

 
—

 
—

Total restructuring charges - Corporate
$
14

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
Restructuring payments - Corporate
 
 
 
 
 
 
Severance
$
(7
)
 
$
—

 
 
 
Lease Termination Costs
—

 
(1
)
 
 
Total restructuring payments - Corporate
$
(7
)
 
$
(1
)
 
 
(A)     These charges were not recorded through the restructuring liability.
During the first quarter of fiscal 2016, the Company implemented a series of restructuring actions at the global headquarters office to better align the organization structure and corporate staffing levels with strategic priorities. An impairment charge related to certain software items was also recorded as part of this restructuring action. As of September 30, 2015, the restructuring liability for the corporate office was $5 million and related to severance charges.



14
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





3.    INVENTORIES
"Inventories" consist of the following (in millions). 
 
September 30,
2015
 
March 31,
2015
Finished goods
$
292

 
$
358

Work in process
504

 
531

Raw materials
419

 
419

Supplies
134

 
123

Inventories
$
1,349

 
$
1,431


    

15
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





4.    ASSETS HELD FOR SALE
We are focused on capturing the global growth we see in our premium product markets of beverage can, automotive and high-end specialties. We continually analyze our product portfolio to ensure we are focused on growing in attractive market segments. The following transaction relates to exiting certain non-core operations and are steps to align our growth strategy in the premium product markets.
In April 2014, we entered into agreements to sell certain hydroelectric power generation operations in South America and our share of the joint venture of the Consorcio Candonga to two separate parties. In December 2014, we sold our share of the joint venture of the Consorcio Candonga. Additionally, we sold the majority of our hydroelectric power generation operations fully owned by the Company in February 2015. The remaining hydroelectric power generation assets which are Property, plant, and equipment, totaling $5 million as of September 30, 2015 and $6 million as of March 31, 2015, were classified as "Assets held for sale" in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The contract for the sale of these remaining operations is subject to resolution of certain operating license issues and final regulatory approval.
"Gain on assets held for sale" includes $7 million from the sale of our consumer foil operations in North America and $4 million from a property and mining rights sale in South America during the six months ended September 30, 2014.
    
 
 
 
 



16
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





5.    CONSOLIDATION
Variable Interest Entities (VIE)
The entity that has a controlling financial interest in a VIE is referred to as the primary beneficiary and consolidates the VIE. An entity is deemed to have a controlling financial interest and is the primary beneficiary of a VIE if it has both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and an obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
We have a joint interest in Logan Aluminum Inc. (Logan) with Tri-Arrows Aluminum Inc. (Tri-Arrows). Logan processes metal received from Novelis and Tri-Arrows and charges the respective partner a fee to cover expenses. Logan is thinly capitalized and relies on the regular reimbursement of costs and expenses by Novelis and Tri-Arrows to fund its operations. This reimbursement is considered a variable interest as it constitutes a form of financing the activities of Logan. Other than these contractually required reimbursements, we do not provide other material support to Logan. Logan's creditors do not have recourse to our general credit.
We have a majority voting right on Logan’s board of directors and have the ability to direct the majority of Logan’s production operations. We also have the ability to take the majority share of production and associated costs. These facts qualify us as Logan’s primary beneficiary and this entity is consolidated for all periods presented. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.
The following table summarizes the carrying value and classification of assets and liabilities owned by the Logan joint venture and consolidated in our condensed consolidated balance sheets (in millions). There are significant other assets used in the operations of Logan that are not part of the joint venture, as they are directly owned and consolidated by Novelis or Tri-Arrows. 
 
September 30,
2015
 
March 31,
2015
Assets
 
 
 
Current assets
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
3

 
$
2

Accounts receivable
30

 
40

Inventories
59

 
52

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
1

 
1

Total current assets
93

 
95

Property, plant and equipment, net
14

 
20

Goodwill
12

 
12

Deferred income taxes
69

 
65

Other long-term assets
4

 
4

Total assets
$
192

 
$
196

Liabilities
 
 
 
Current liabilities
 
 
 
Accounts payable
$
24

 
$
33

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
11

 
12

Total current liabilities
35

 
45

Accrued postretirement benefits
170

 
166

Other long-term liabilities
2

 
2

Total liabilities
$
207

 
$
213

 

17
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





6.
INVESTMENT IN AND ADVANCES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
We have a non-consolidated affiliate, Aluminium Norf GmbH (Alunorf), which serves our Europe region with rolling and remelt tolling services. We also had a non-consolidated affiliate, Consorcio Candonga (Candonga), which we sold in December 2014, that provided hydroelectric power generation operations. Included in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are transactions and balances arising from business we conducted with these non-consolidated affiliates, which we classify as related party transactions and balances. We account for these affiliates using the equity method.     
The following table summarizes the results of operations of these equity method affiliates, and the nature and amounts of significant transactions we had with our non-consolidated affiliates (in millions). The amounts in the table below are disclosed at 100% of the operating results of these affiliates.
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Net sales
$
117

 
$
138

 
$
234

 
$
276

Costs and expenses related to net sales
115

 
141

 
233

 
287

Provision (benefit) for taxes on income
3

 
(3
)
 
2

 
(5
)
Net loss
$
(1
)
 
$
—

 
$
(1
)
 
$
(6
)
Purchases of tolling services from Alunorf
$
59

 
$
69

 
$
117

 
$
138


Additionally, we earned less than $1 million of interest income on a loan due from Alunorf.

The following table describes the period-end account balances that we had with our remaining non-consolidated affiliate, Alunorf, shown as related party balances in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets (in millions). We had no other material related party balances with Alunorf. 
 
September 30,
2015
 
March 31,
2015
Accounts receivable-related parties
$
55

 
$
53

Other long-term assets-related parties
$
19

 
$
15

Accounts payable-related parties
$
49

 
$
44


As noted above, we have a loan due from Alunorf, which is presented in "Other long-term assets-related parties" during each of the periods in the table above. We believe collection of the full receivable from Alunorf is probable; thus no allowance for loan loss was recorded as of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015.

We have guaranteed the indebtedness for a credit facility on behalf of Alunorf. The guarantee is limited to 50% of the outstanding debt, not to exceed 6 million euros. As of September 30, 2015, there were no amounts outstanding under our guarantee with Alunorf as there were no outstanding borrowings. We have also guaranteed the payment of early retirement benefits on behalf of Alunorf. As of September 30, 2015, this guarantee totaled $2 million, though an associated liability for the Novelis is not currently probable.

Transactions with Hindalco and AV Metals Inc.
We occasionally have related party transactions with Hindalco. During the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, “Net sales” were less than $1 million between Novelis and Hindalco. As of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, there were less than $1 million and $1 million in "Accounts receivable, net" outstanding, respectively, related to transactions with Hindalco.
On April 30, 2014, we paid a return of capital to our direct shareholder, AV Metals Inc., in the amount of $250 million.

18
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





7.    DEBT
Debt consisted of the following (in millions).
 
September 30, 2015
 
March 31, 2015
 
Interest
Rates (A)
 
Principal
 
Unamortized
Carrying  Value
Adjustments
 
 
 
Carrying
Value
 
Principal
 
Unamortized
Carrying  Value
Adjustments
 
 
 
Carrying
Value
Third party debt:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Short-term borrowings
3.05
%
 
$
901

 
$
—

 
  
 
$
901

 
$
846

 
$
—

 
  
 
$
846

Novelis Inc.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Floating rate Term Loan Facility, due through June 2022
4.00
%
 
1,796

 
(18
)
 
(B) 
 
1,778

 
1,731

 
(13
)
 
(B) 
 
1,718

8.375% Senior Notes, due December 2017
8.375
%
 
1,100

 
—

 
  
 
1,100

 
1,100

 
—

 
  
 
1,100

8.75% Senior Notes, due December 2020
8.75
%
 
1,400

 
—

 
  
 
1,400

 
1,400

 
—

 
 
 
1,400

Capital lease obligations, due through July 2017
3.64
%
 
7

 
—

 
 
 
7

 
9

 
—

 
 
 
9

Novelis Korea Limited
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank loans, due through September 2020 (KRW 242 billion)
2.67
%
 
203

 
—

 
  
 
203

 
192

 
—

 
  
 
192

Novelis Switzerland S.A.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital lease obligation, due through December 2019 (Swiss francs (CHF) 25 million)
7.50
%
 
26

 
(1
)
 
(C)
 
25

 
28

 
(1
)
 
(C)
 
27

Novelis do Brasil Ltda.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BNDES loans, due through April 2021 (BRL 19 million)
5.92
%
 
5

 
(1
)
 
(D)
 
4

 
7

 
(1
)
 
(D)
 
6

Other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other debt, due through December 2020
6.29
%
 
3

 
—

 
  
 
3

 
5

 
—

 
  
 
5

Total debt
 
 
5,441

 
(20
)
 
 
 
5,421

 
5,318

 
(15
)
 
 
 
5,303

Less: Short-term borrowings
 
 
(901
)
 
—

 
  
 
(901
)
 
(846
)
 
—

 
  
 
(846
)
Current portion of long term debt
 
 
(102
)
 
—

 
  
 
(102
)
 
(108
)
 
—

 
  
 
(108
)
Long-term debt, net of current portion
 
 
$
4,438

 
$
(20
)
 
 
 
$
4,418

 
$
4,364

 
$
(15
)
 
 
 
$
4,349


19
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





(A)
Interest rates are the fixed or variable rates as specified in the debt instruments (not the effective interest rate) as of September 30, 2015, and therefore, exclude the effects of related interest rate swaps, accretion/amortization of fair value adjustments as a result of purchase accounting in connection with Hindalco's purchase of Novelis and accretion/amortization of debt issuance costs related to the debt exchange completed in fiscal 2009 and the series of refinancing transactions and additional borrowings we completed in fiscal 2011 through 2016. We present stated rates of interest because they reflect the rate at which cash will be paid for future debt service.
(B)
Debt existing at the time of Hindalco's purchase of Novelis was recorded at fair value. In connection with a series of refinancing transactions, a portion of the historical fair value adjustments was allocated to the Term Loan Facility, resulting in carrying value adjustments on this debt obligation. The unamortized carrying value also includes an issuance discount.
(C)
Debt existing at the time of Hindalco's purchase of Novelis was recorded at fair value resulting in carrying value adjustments to our capital lease obligations in Novelis Switzerland.
(D)
The unamortized carrying value includes issuance discounts related to the difference resulting from the contractual rates of interest specified in the instruments that are lower than the market rates of interest upon issuance.
Principal repayment requirements for our total debt over the next five years and thereafter (excluding unamortized carrying value adjustments and using exchange rates as of September 30, 2015 for our debt denominated in foreign currencies) are as follows (in millions).
As of September 30, 2015
Amount
Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt due within one year
$
1,003

2 years
83

3 years
1,200

4 years
26

5 years
20

Thereafter
3,109

Total
$
5,441

Senior Secured Credit Facilities
     As of September 30, 2015, the senior secured credit facilities consisted of (1) a $1.8 billion seven-year secured term loan credit facility (Term Loan Facility), (2) a $1.2 billion five-year asset based loan facility (ABL Revolver) and (3) a $200 million 15-month subordinated secured lien revolving facility (Subordinated Lien Revolver). As of September 30, 2015, $18 million of the Term Loan Facility is due within one year.
In June 2015, we entered into the Subordinated Lien Revolver with a maturity date of September 10, 2016. The interest rate for the Subordinated Lien Revolver is equal to the higher of LIBOR and 0.75% plus a spread of 3.50% or 3.25% depending on the total net leverage ratio then in effect. The Subordinated Lien Revolver requires us to maintain a secured net leverage ratio of 4 to 1. Pursuant to the terms of the Term Loan Facility, such secured net leverage maintenance covenant will automatically apply to the Term Loan Facility as well for so long as the Subordinated Lien Revolver is in effect.
In June 2015, we entered into a Refinancing Amendment Agreement with respect to our Term Loan Facility. The Amendment increases the principal amount of the Term Loan Facility from $1.7 billion to $1.8 billion and extends the final maturity from December 17, 2017 to June 2, 2022; provided that, in the event that any series of our senior unsecured notes remain outstanding 92 days prior to its maturity date, then the Term Loan Facility will mature on such date, subject to limited exceptions. The loans under the Term Loan Facility accrue interest at the higher of LIBOR and 0.75% plus a 3.25% spread. The Amendment eliminates the senior secured net leverage covenant that requires us to maintain a minimum senior secured net leverage ratio (subject to the terms disclosed in the preceding paragraph). In addition, certain negative covenants were amended to increase the Company’s operational flexibility, including increasing flexibility to enter into working capital management programs and incur other debt.


20
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





In October 2014, we amended and extended our ABL Revolver by entering into a $1.2 billion, five-year, senior secured ABL Revolver bearing an interest rate of LIBOR plus a spread of 1.50% to 2.00% plus a prime spread of 0.50% to 1.00% based on excess availability. The ABL Revolver has a provision that allows the facility to be increased by an additional $500 million. The ABL Revolver has various customary covenants including maintaining a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.25 to 1 if excess availability is less than the greater of (1) $110 million and (2) 12.5% of the lesser of (a) the maximum size of the ABL Revolver and (b) the borrowing base. The fixed charge coverage ratio will be equal to the ratio of (1) (a) ABL Revolver defined Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization less (b) maintenance capital expenditures less (c) cash taxes; to (2) (a) interest expense plus (b) scheduled principal payments plus (c) dividends to the Company's direct holding company to pay certain taxes, operating expenses and management fees and repurchases of equity interests from employees, officers and directors. The ABL Revolver matures on October 6, 2019; provided that, in the event that any of the Notes, the Term Loan Facility, or certain other indebtedness are outstanding (and not refinanced with a maturity date later than April 6, 2020) 90 days prior to their respective maturity dates, then the ABL Revolver will mature 90 days prior to the maturity date for the Notes, the Term Loan Facility or such other indebtedness, as applicable; unless excess availability under the ABL Revolver is at least (i) 25% of the lesser of (x) the total ABL Revolver commitment and (y) the then applicable borrowing base and (ii) 20% of the lesser of (x) the total ABL Revolver commitment and (y) the then applicable borrowing base, and a minimum fixed charged ratio test of at least 1.25 to 1 is met.
The senior secured credit facilities contain various affirmative covenants, including covenants with respect to our financial statements, litigation and other reporting requirements, insurance, payment of taxes, employee benefits and (subject to certain limitations) causing new subsidiaries to pledge collateral and guarantee our obligations. The senior secured credit facilities also include various customary negative covenants and events of default, including limitations on our ability to (1) make certain restricted payments, (2) incur additional indebtedness, (3) sell certain assets, (4) enter into sale and leaseback transactions, (5) make investments, loans and advances, (6) pay dividends or returns of capital and distributions beyond certain amounts, (7) engage in mergers, amalgamations or consolidations, (8) engage in certain transactions with affiliates, and (9) prepay certain indebtedness. Substantially all of our assets are pledged as collateral under the senior secured credit facilities. As of September 30, 2015, we were in compliance with the covenants in the Term Loan Facility, ABL Revolver and Subordinated Lien Revolver.
Short-Term Borrowings
As of September 30, 2015, our short-term borrowings were $901 million, consisting of $596 million of loans under our ABL Revolver, $98 million in Novelis Brazil loans, $90 million under our Subordinated Lien Revolver, $48 million (KRW 58 billion) in Novelis Korea loans, $33 million in Novelis Middle East and Africa loans, $27 million (CNY 173 million) in Novelis China loans, $7 million (VND 186 billion) in Novelis Vietnam loans and $2 million of other short-term borrowings.
As of September 30, 2015, $7 million of the ABL Revolver availability was utilized for letters of credit, and we had $187 million in remaining availability under the ABL Revolver.
As of September 30, 2015, $110 million under the Subordinated Lien Revolver was available.
Novelis Korea has entered into various short-term facilities, including revolving loan facilities and committed credit lines. As of September 30, 2015, we had $198 million (KRW 236 billion) in remaining availability under these facilities.
In fiscal year 2016, Novelis Middle East and Africa entered into various short-term facilities, including revolving facility agreements. As of September 30, 2015, we had $7 million in remaining availability under these facilities.
In fiscal year 2015, Novelis China entered into a committed facility. On September 16, 2015 the committed facility for Novelis China was increased to $31 million (200 million CNY). As of September 30, 2015, we had $4 million (CNY 27 million) in remaining availability under this facility.
Senior Notes
On December 17, 2010, we issued $1.1 billion in aggregate principal amount of 8.375% Senior Notes Due 2017 (the 2017 Notes) and $1.4 billion in aggregate principal amount of 8.75% Senior Notes Due 2020 (the 2020 Notes, and together with the 2017 Notes, the Notes).

21
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





The Notes contain customary covenants and events of default that will limit our ability and, in certain instances, the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to (1) incur additional debt and provide additional guarantees, (2) pay dividends or return capital beyond certain amounts and make other restricted payments, (3) create or permit certain liens, (4) make certain asset sales, (5) use the proceeds from the sales of assets and subsidiary stock, (6) create or permit restrictions on the ability of certain of the Company's subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other distributions to the Company, (7) engage in certain transactions with affiliates, (8) enter into sale and leaseback transactions, (9) designate subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries and (10) consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of our assets and the assets of certain of our subsidiaries. During any future period in which either Standard & Poor's Ratings Group, Inc. or Moody's Investors Service, Inc. have assigned an investment grade credit rating to the Notes and no default or event of default under the indenture has occurred and is continuing, most of the covenants will be suspended. The Notes include a cross-acceleration event of default triggered if (1) any other indebtedness with an aggregate principal amount of more than $100 million is (1) accelerated prior to its maturity or (2) not repaid at its maturity. As of September 30, 2015, we were in compliance with the covenants in the Notes. The Notes also contain customary call protection provisions for our bond holders that extend through December 2016 for the 2017 Notes and through December 2018 for the 2020 Notes.
Korean Bank Loans
As of September 30, 2015, Novelis Korea had $72 million (KRW 86 billion) of outstanding long-term loans with various banks due within one year. All loans have variable interest rates with base rates tied to Korea's 91-day CD rate plus an applicable spread ranging from 0.80% to 1.58%.
Brazil BNDES Loans
Novelis Brazil entered into loan agreements with Brazil’s National Bank for Economic and Social Development (the BNDES long-term loans) related to the plant expansion in Pindamonhangaba, Brazil (Pinda). As of September 30, 2015 there are $1 million of BNDES long-term loans due within one year.    
Other Long-term debt
In December 2004, we entered into a 15-year capital lease obligation with Alcan Inc. for assets in Sierre, Switzerland, which has an interest rate of 7.5% and fixed quarterly payments of CHF 1.7 million, (USD $1.8 million).
During fiscal 2013 and 2014, Novelis Inc. entered into various capital lease arrangements to upgrade and expand our information technology infrastructure.
As of September 30, 2015, we had $3 million of other debt, including certain capital lease obligations, with due dates through December 2020.
Interest Rate Swaps
We use interest rate swaps to manage our exposure to changes in benchmark interest rates which impact our variable-rate debt. See Note 11- Financial Instruments and Commodity Contracts for further information about these interest rate swaps.

22
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





8.    SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
The Company's board of directors has authorized long term incentive plans (LTIPs), under which Hindalco stock appreciation rights (Hindalco SARs), Novelis stock appreciation rights (Novelis SARs), and phantom restricted stock units (RSUs) are granted to certain executive officers and key employees. The RSUs are based on Hindalco's stock price. The Hindalco SARs and Novelis SARs vest at the rate of 25% per year, subject to the achievement of an annual performance target, and expire 7 years from their original grant date. The performance criterion for vesting of both the Hindalco SARs and Novelis SARs is based on the actual overall Novelis operating EBITDA compared to the target established and approved each fiscal year. The RSUs vest in full three years from the grant date, subject to continued employment with the Company, but are not subject to performance criteria.
During the six months ended September 30, 2015, we granted 1,816,560 RSUs, 6,329,281 Hindalco SARs, and 608,289 Novelis SARs. Total compensation expense (benefit) related to these plans for the respective periods is less than $1 million and $3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015, and 2014; and $(6) million and $7 million for the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. These amounts are included in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” or "Cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)" in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. As the performance criteria for fiscal years 2017, 2018 and 2019 have not yet been established, measurement periods for Hindalco SARs and Novelis SARs relating to those periods have not yet commenced. As a result, only compensation expense for vested and current year Hindalco SARs and Novelis SARs has been recorded.    
The cash payments made to settle SAR liabilities were $2 million and $7 million in the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Total cash payments made to settle Hindalco RSUs were $5 million and $3 million in the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Unrecognized compensation expense related to the non-vested Hindalco SARs (assuming all future performance criteria are met) was $3 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.3 years. Unrecognized compensation expense related to the non-vested Novelis SARs (assuming all future performance criteria are met) was $14 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.4 years. Unrecognized compensation expense related to the RSUs was $3 million, which will be recognized over the remaining weighted average vesting period of 1.7 years.







23
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)






9.    POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS
Our pension obligations relate to: (1) funded defined benefit pension plans in the U.S., Canada, Switzerland and the U.K.; (2) unfunded defined benefit pension plans in Germany; (3) unfunded lump sum indemnities payable upon retirement to employees in France, Malaysia and Italy; and (4) partially funded lump sum indemnities in South Korea. Our other postretirement obligations (Other Benefits, as shown in certain tables below) include unfunded health care and life insurance benefits provided to retired employees in the U.S., Canada and Brazil.
Components of net periodic benefit cost (credit) for all of our postretirement benefit plans are shown in the tables below (in millions).
 
Pension Benefit Plans
 
Other Benefit Plans
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Service cost
$
12

 
$
11

 
$
1

 
$
1

Interest cost
14

 
17

 
2

 
2

Expected return on assets
(17
)
 
(18
)
 
—

 
—

Amortization — losses, net
9

 
6

 
1

 
2

Amortization — prior service credit, net
—

 
—

 
(7
)
 
(9
)
Net periodic benefit cost (credit)
$
18

 
$
16

 
$
(3
)
 
$
(4
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pension Benefit Plans
 
Other Benefits
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Service cost
$
24

 
$
22

 
$
2

 
$
2

Interest cost
29

 
34

 
3

 
3

Expected return on assets
(34
)
 
(35
)
 
—

 
—

Amortization — losses
18

 
12

 
2

 
4

Amortization — prior service credit, net
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
(14
)
 
(19
)
Termination benefits / curtailments
—

 
1

 
—

 
(2
)
Net periodic benefit cost (credit)
$
36

 
$
33

 
$
(7
)
 
$
(12
)
The average expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is 5.6% in fiscal 2016.
Employer Contributions to Plans
For pension plans, our policy is to fund an amount required to provide for contractual benefits attributed to service to date, and amortize unfunded actuarial liabilities typically over periods of 15 years or less. We also participate in savings plans in Canada and the U.S., as well as defined contribution pension plans in the U.S., U.K., Canada, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Malaysia and Brazil. We contributed the following amounts to all plans (in millions).
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Funded pension plans
$
3

 
$
8

 
$
6

 
$
12

Unfunded pension plans
3

 
3

 
5

 
4

Savings and defined contribution pension plans
6

 
5

 
13

 
11

Total contributions
$
12

 
$
16

 
$
24

 
$
27

During the remainder of fiscal 2016, we expect to contribute an additional $16 million to our funded pension plans, $5 million to our unfunded pension plans and $9 million to our savings and defined contribution plans.


24
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





10.    CURRENCY LOSSES (GAINS)
The following currency losses (gains) are included in “Other (income) expense, net” in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations (in millions).
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Gain on remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities, net
$
(46
)
 
$
(13
)
 
$
(51
)
 
$
(2
)
Loss released from accumulated other comprehensive loss
1

 
1

 
1

 
1

Loss recognized on balance sheet remeasurement currency exchange contracts, net
48

 
13

 
49

 
2

Currency losses (gains), net
$
3

 
$
1

 
$
(1
)
 
$
1

The following currency losses are included in “Accumulated other comprehensive loss” and “Noncontrolling interests” in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets (in millions).
 
Six Months Ended September 30, 2015
 
Year Ended March 31, 2015
 
Cumulative currency translation adjustment — beginning of period
$
(214
)
 
$
90

Effect of changes in exchange rates
(19
)
 
(304
)
Cumulative currency translation adjustment — end of period
$
(233
)
 
$
(214
)
 


25
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





11.    FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND COMMODITY CONTRACTS
The following tables summarize the gross fair values of our financial instruments and commodity contracts as of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015 (in millions).
 
September 30, 2015
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
 
Net Fair Value

 
Current
 
Noncurrent (A)
 
Current
 
Noncurrent (A)
 
Assets / (Liabilities)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Aluminum contracts
$
30

 
$
—

 
$
(1
)
 
$
—

 
$
29

Currency exchange contracts
—

 
—

 
(54
)
 
(18
)
 
(72
)
Energy contracts
—

 
—

 
(5
)
 
(1
)
 
(6
)
Interest rate swaps
—

 
—

 
(1
)
 
—

 
(1
)
Net investment hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency exchange contracts
3

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
3

Fair value hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Aluminum contracts
—

 
—

 
(1
)
 
—

 
(1
)
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments
$
33

 
$
—

 
$
(62
)
 
$
(19
)
 
$
(48
)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Aluminum contracts
51

 
—

 
(40
)
 
—

 
11

Currency exchange contracts
15

 
—

 
(42
)
 
—

 
(27
)
Energy contracts
3

 
—

 
(15
)
 
(2
)
 
(14
)
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
69

 
—

 
(97
)
 
(2
)
 
(30
)
Total derivative fair value
$
102

 
$
—

 
$
(159
)
 
$
(21
)
 
$
(78
)
 

 
March 31, 2015
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
 
Net Fair Value

 
Current
 
Noncurrent (A)
 
Current
 
Noncurrent(A)
 
Assets / (Liabilities)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Aluminum contracts
$
15

 
$
—

 
$
(5
)
 
$
—

 
$
10

Currency exchange contracts
4

 
—

 
(42
)
 
(15
)
 
(53
)
Energy contracts
—

 
—

 
(6
)
 
(2
)
 
(8
)
Interest rate swaps
—

 
—

 
(1
)
 
—

 
(1
)
Net investment hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency exchange contracts
5

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
5

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments
$
24

 
$
—

 
$
(54
)
 
$
(17
)
 
$
(47
)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Aluminum contracts
24

 
—

 
(26
)
 
—

 
(2
)
Currency exchange contracts
26

 
—

 
(54
)
 
—

 
(28
)
Energy contracts
3

 
—

 
(15
)
 
(7
)
 
(19
)
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
53

 
—

 
(95
)
 
(7
)
 
(49
)
Total derivative fair value
$
77

 
$
—

 
$
(149
)
 
$
(24
)
 
$
(96
)
 

26
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





(A)
The noncurrent portions of derivative assets and liabilities are included in “Other long-term assets-third parties” and in “Other long-term liabilities”, respectively, in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Aluminum
We use derivative instruments to preserve our conversion margins and manage the timing differences associated with metal price lag. We use over-the-counter derivatives indexed to the London Metals Exchange (LME) (referred to as our "aluminum derivative forward contracts") to reduce our exposure to fluctuating metal prices associated with the period of time between the pricing of our purchases of inventory and the pricing of the sale of that inventory to our customers, which is known as "metal price lag." We also purchase forward LME aluminum contracts simultaneously with our sales contracts with customers that contain fixed metal prices. These LME aluminum forward contracts directly hedge the economic risk of future metal price fluctuations to better match the selling price of the metal with the purchase price of the metal. The volatility in local market premiums also results in metal price lag, although we do not have derivative contracts associated with local market premiums as these are not prevalent in the market.
Price risk exposure arises from commitments to sell aluminum in future periods at fixed prices. We identify and designate certain LME aluminum forward contracts as fair value hedges of the metal price risk associated with fixed price sales commitments that qualify as firm commitments. Such exposures do not extend beyond two years in length. We had 10 kt and 2 kt of outstanding aluminum forward purchase contracts designated as fair value hedges as of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, respectively. One kilotonne (kt) is 1,000 metric tonnes.
The following table summarizes the amount of gain (loss) recognized on fair value hedges of metal price risk (in millions).
 
Amount of Gain (Loss)
Recognized on Changes in Fair Value
 
Amount of Gain (Loss)
Recognized on Changes in Fair Value
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Fair Value Hedges of Metal Price Risk
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative Contracts
$
(1
)
 
$
—

 
$
(1
)
 
$
1

Designated Hedged Items
1

 
—

 
1

 
(1
)
Net Ineffectiveness (A)
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

(A)
Effective portion is recorded in "Net sales" and net ineffectiveness in "Other (income) expense, net." There was no amount excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness related to Fair Value Hedges.
Price risk arises due to fluctuating aluminum prices between the time the sales order is committed and the time the order is shipped. We identify and designate certain LME aluminum forward purchase contracts as cash flow hedges of the metal price risk associated with our future metal purchases that vary based on changes in the price of aluminum. Such exposures do not extend beyond two years in length. We had 14 kt and 1 kt of outstanding aluminum forward purchase contracts designated as cash flow hedges as of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, respectively.
Price risk exposure arises due to the timing lag between the LME based pricing of raw material aluminum purchases and the LME based pricing of finished product sales. We identify and designate certain LME aluminum forward sales contracts as cash flow hedges of the metal price risk associated with our future metal sales that vary based on changes in the price of aluminum. Generally, such exposures do not extend beyond one year in length. We had 295 kt and 285 kt of outstanding aluminum forward sales contracts designated as cash flow hedges as of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, respectively.
The remaining aluminum derivative contracts are not designated as accounting hedges. As of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, we had 98 kt and 36 kt, respectively, of outstanding aluminum sales contracts not designated as hedges. The average duration of undesignated contracts is less than six months.
The following table summarizes our notional amount (in kt). 

27
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





 
September 30,
2015
 
March 31,
2015
Hedge Type
 
 
 
Purchase (Sale)
 
 
 
Cash flow purchases
14

 
1

Cash flow sales
(295
)
 
(285
)
Fair value
10

 
2

Not designated
(98
)
 
(36
)
Total, net
(369
)
 
(318
)
Foreign Currency
We use foreign exchange forward contracts, cross-currency swaps and options to manage our exposure to changes in exchange rates. These exposures arise from recorded assets and liabilities, firm commitments and forecasted cash flows denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of certain operations.
We use foreign currency contracts to hedge expected future foreign currency transactions, which include capital expenditures. These contracts cover the same periods as known or expected exposures. We had total notional amounts of $707 million and $590 million in outstanding foreign currency forwards designated as cash flow hedges as of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, respectively.
We use foreign currency contracts to hedge our foreign currency exposure to our net investment in foreign subsidiaries. We had $22 million and $28 million of outstanding foreign currency forwards designated as net investment hedges as of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, respectively.
As of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, we had outstanding currency exchange contracts with a total notional amount of $555 million and $868 million, respectively, which were not designated as hedges. Contracts representing the majority of this notional amount will mature during the third quarter of fiscal 2016.
Energy
We own an interest in an electricity swap, which we formerly designated as a cash flow hedge of our exposure to fluctuating electricity prices. As of March 31, 2011, due to significant credit deterioration of our counterparty, we discontinued hedge accounting for this electricity swap. Less than 1 million of notional megawatt hours remained outstanding as of September 30, 2015, and the fair value of this swap was a liability of $12 million as of September 30, 2015. As of March 31, 2015, the fair value of this electricity swap was a liability of $16 million.
We use natural gas forward purchase contracts to manage our exposure to fluctuating energy prices in North America. We had 6 million MMBTUs designated as cash flow hedges as of September 30, 2015, and the fair value was a liability of $6 million. There were 7 million MMBTUs of natural gas forward purchase contracts designated as cash flow hedges as of March 31, 2015 and the fair value was a liability of $8 million. As of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, we had 1 million and 2 million of MMBTUs, respectively, of natural gas forward purchase contracts that were not designated as hedges. The fair value as of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015 was a liability of $2 million and a liability of $3 million, respectively, for the forward purchase contracts not designated as hedges. The average duration of undesignated contracts is less than two years in length. One MMBTU is the equivalent of one decatherm, or one million British Thermal Units.
Interest Rate
As of September 30, 2015, we swapped $183 million (KRW 219 billion) floating rate loans to a weighted average fixed rate of 3.23%. All swaps expire concurrent with the maturity of the related loans. As of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, $183 million (KRW 219 billion) and $78 million (KRW 86 billion), respectively, were designated as cash flow hedges.



28
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





(Loss) Gain Recognition
The following table summarizes the gains (losses) associated with the change in fair value of derivative instruments not designated as hedges and the ineffectiveness of designated derivatives recognized in “Other (income) expense, net” (in millions). Gains (losses) recognized in other line items in the condensed consolidated statement of operations are separately disclosed within this footnote.  
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Aluminum contracts (C)
$
9

 
$
(20
)
 
$
40

 
$
(27
)
Currency exchange contracts
(55
)
 
(14
)
 
(54
)
 
(2
)
Energy contracts (A)
2

 
2

 
2

 
4

Loss recognized in "Other (income) expense, net"
(44
)
 
(32
)
 
(12
)
 
(25
)
Derivative Instruments Designated as Hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gain recognized in "Other (income) expense, net" (B)
22

 
6

 
16

 
8

Total (loss) gain recognized in "Other (income) expense, net"
$
(22
)
 
$
(26
)
 
$
4

 
$
(17
)
Balance sheet remeasurement currency exchange contract losses
$
(49
)
 
$
(14
)
 
$
(50
)
 
$
(3
)
Realized gains (losses), net
42

 
(11
)
 
34

 
(14
)
Unrealized (losses) gains on other derivative instruments, net (C)
(15
)
 
(1
)
 
20

 
—

Total (loss) gain recognized in "Other (income) expense, net"
$
(22
)
 
$
(26
)
 
$
4

 
$
(17
)
 
(A)
Includes amounts related to de-designated electricity swap and natural gas swaps not designated as hedges.
(B)
Amount includes: forward market premium/discount excluded from hedging relationship and ineffectiveness on designated aluminum and foreign currency capital expenditure contracts; releases to income from AOCI on balance sheet remeasurement contracts; and ineffectiveness of fair value hedges involving aluminum derivatives.
(C)
During the three and six months ended September 30, 2015, the level of undesignated aluminum derivatives was higher due to the recent volatility in the local market premium component of our net selling prices.
The following table summarizes the impact on AOCI and earnings of derivative instruments designated as cash flow and net investment hedges (in millions). Within the next twelve months, we expect to reclassify $46 million of losses from AOCI to earnings, before taxes.
 
Amount of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in OCI
(Effective Portion)
 
Amount of Gain  (Loss)
Recognized in OCI
(Effective Portion)
 
Amount of Gain  (Loss)
Recognized in “Other  (Income) Expense, net” 
(Ineffective and
Excluded Portion)
 
Amount of Gain  (Loss)
Recognized in “Other  (Income) Expense, net”
 (Ineffective  and
Excluded Portion)
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Cash flow hedging derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Aluminum contracts
$
21

 
$
(27
)
 
$
59

 
$
(48
)
 
$
22

 
$
7

 
$
16

 
$
10

Currency exchange contracts
(51
)
 
(19
)
 
(43
)
 
13

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(1
)
Energy contracts
(2
)
 
(3
)
 
(2
)
 
(3
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Interest Rate Swaps
1

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Total cash flow hedging derivatives
$
(31
)
 
$
(49
)
 
$
14

 
$
(38
)
 
$
22

 
$
7

 
$
16

 
$
9

Net investment derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency exchange contracts
—

 
4

 
(1
)
 
4

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Total
$
(31
)
 
$
(45
)
 
$
13

 
$
(34
)
 
$
22

 
$
7

 
$
16

 
$
9


29
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





Gain (Loss) Reclassification
 
Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income/(Expense) (Effective Portion) Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income/(Expense) (Effective Portion) Six Months Ended September 30,
 
Location of Gain (Loss)
Reclassified from AOCI into
Earnings
Cash flow hedging derivatives
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
Energy contracts (A)
$
(2
)
 
$
(2
)
 
$
(3
)
 
$
(3
)
 
Other (income) expense, net
Energy contracts (C)
(2
)
 
—

 
(4
)
 
1

 
Cost of goods sold (B)
Aluminum contracts
38

 
(45
)
 
51

 
(51
)
 
Cost of goods sold (B)
Currency exchange contracts
(10
)
 
1

 
(16
)
 
2

 
Cost of goods sold (B)
Currency exchange contracts
(1
)
 
—

 
(1
)
 
—

 
SG&A
Currency exchange contracts
(3
)
 
5

 
—

 
9

 
Net sales
Currency exchange contracts
(1
)
 
(2
)
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
Other (income) expense, net
Currency exchange contracts
(1
)
 
—

 
(1
)
 
—

 
Depreciation and amortization
Total
$
18

 
$
(43
)
 
$
25

 
$
(43
)
 
Income (loss) before taxes
 
(10
)
 
16

 
(14
)
 
16

 
Income tax (provision) benefit
 
$
8

 
$
(27
)
 
$
11

 
$
(27
)
 
Net (loss) income
(A)
Includes amounts related to de-designated electricity swap. AOCI related to this swap is amortized to income over the remaining term of the hedged item.
(B)
"Cost of goods sold" is exclusive of depreciation and amortization.
(C)
Includes amounts related to natural gas swaps.

30
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





12.    ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
The following tables summarize the change in the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss net of tax and excluding "Noncontrolling interests", for the periods presented (in millions).
 
 
Currency Translation
 
(A) Cash Flow Hedges
 
(B)
Postretirement Benefit Plans
 
Total
Balance as of June 30, 2015
 
$
(169
)
 
$
(33
)
 
$
(292
)
 
$
(494
)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
 
(60
)
 
(34
)
 
5

 
(89
)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
 
—

 
(8
)
 
2

 
(6
)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)
 
(60
)
 
(42
)
 
7

 
(95
)
Balance as of September 30, 2015
 
$
(229
)
 
$
(75
)
 
$
(285
)
 
$
(589
)
 
 
Currency Translation
 
(A) Cash Flow Hedges
 
(B)
Postretirement Benefit Plans
 
Total
Balance as of June 30, 2014
 
$
115

 
$
(7
)
 
$
(168
)
 
$
(60
)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
 
(131
)
 
(39
)
 
8

 
(162
)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
 
—

 
27

 
1

 
28

Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)
 
(131
)
 
(12
)
 
9

 
(134
)
Balance as of September 30, 2014
 
$
(16
)
 
$
(19
)
 
$
(159
)
 
$
(194
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency Translation
 
(A) Cash Flow Hedges
 
(B)
Postretirement Benefit Plans
 
Total
Balance as of March 31, 2015
 
$
(213
)
 
$
(63
)
 
$
(285
)
 
$
(561
)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
 
(16
)
 
(1
)
 
(3
)
 
(20
)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net
 
—

 
(11
)
 
3

 
(8
)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)
 
(16
)
 
(12
)
 
—

 
(28
)
Balance as of September 30, 2015
 
$
(229
)
 
$
(75
)
 
$
(285
)
 
$
(589
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency Translation
 
(A) Cash Flow Hedges
 
(B)
Postretirement Benefit Plans
 
Total
Balance as of March 31, 2014
 
$
89

 
$
(20
)
 
$
(160
)
 
$
(91
)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
 
(105
)
 
(26
)
 
3

 
(128
)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net
 
—

 
27

 
(2
)
 
25

Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)
 
(105
)
 
1

 
1

 
(103
)
Balance as of September 30, 2014
 
$
(16
)
 
$
(19
)
 
$
(159
)
 
$
(194
)
(A)  For additional information on our cash flow hedges see Note 11 - Financial Instruments and Commodity Contracts.
(B)
For additional information on our postretirement benefit plans see Note 9 - Postretirement Benefit Plans.

    






    

31
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





13.    FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
We record certain assets and liabilities, primarily derivative instruments, on our condensed consolidated balance sheets at fair value. We also disclose the fair value of certain financial instruments, including debt and loans receivable, which are not recorded at fair value. Our objective in measuring fair value is to estimate an exit price in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. We consider factors such as liquidity, bid/offer spreads and nonperformance risk, including our own nonperformance risk, in measuring fair value. We use observable market inputs wherever possible. To the extent observable market inputs are not available, our fair value measurements will reflect the assumptions we used. We grade the level of the inputs and assumptions used according to a three-tier hierarchy:
Level 1 — Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities we have the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level 2 — Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.
Level 3 — Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, which require us to develop our own assumptions based on the best information available as what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.
The following section describes the valuation methodologies we used to measure our various financial instruments at fair value, including an indication of the level in the fair value hierarchy in which each instrument is generally classified.
Derivative Contracts
For certain derivative contracts with fair values based upon trades in liquid markets, such as aluminum, foreign exchange and natural gas forward contracts and options, valuation model inputs can generally be verified and valuation techniques do not involve significant judgment. The fair values of such financial instruments are generally classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
The majority of our derivative contracts are valued using industry-standard models with observable market inputs as their basis, such as time value, forward interest rates, volatility factors, and current (spot) and forward market prices. We generally classify these instruments within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. Such derivatives include interest rate swaps, cross-currency swaps, foreign currency contracts, aluminum derivative contracts and natural gas forward contracts.
We classify derivative contracts that are valued based on models with significant unobservable market inputs as Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. Our electricity swap, which is our only Level 3 derivative contract, represents an agreement to buy electricity at a fixed price at our Oswego, New York facility. Forward prices are not observable for this market, so we must make certain assumptions based on available information we believe to be relevant to market participants. We use observable forward prices for a geographically nearby market and adjust for 1) historical spreads between the cash prices of the two markets, and 2) historical spreads between retail and wholesale prices.
The average forward price at September 30, 2015, estimated using the method described above, was $47 per megawatt hour, which represented a $4 premium over forward prices in the nearby observable market. The actual rate from the most recent swap settlement was approximately $38 per megawatt hour. Each $1 per megawatt hour decline in price decreases the valuation of the electricity swap by less than $1 million.
For Level 2 and 3 of the fair value hierarchy, where appropriate, valuations are adjusted for various factors such as liquidity, bid/offer spreads and credit considerations (nonperformance risk). We regularly monitor these factors along with significant market inputs and assumptions used in our fair value measurements and evaluate the level of the valuation input according to the fair value hierarchy.  This may result in a transfer between levels in the hierarchy from period to period. As of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, we did not have any Level 1 derivative contracts. No amounts were transferred between levels in the fair value hierarchy.
All of the Company's derivative instruments are carried at fair value in the statements of financial position prior to considering master netting agreements.
The following table presents our derivative assets and liabilities which were measured and recognized at fair value on a recurring basis and classified under the appropriate level of the fair value hierarchy as of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015 (in millions). The table below also discloses the net fair value of the derivative instruments after considering the impact of master netting agreements.

32
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





 
 
September 30, 2015
 
March 31, 2015
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
Level 2 instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Aluminum contracts
$
81

 
$
(42
)
 
$
39

 
$
(31
)
Currency exchange contracts
18

 
(114
)
 
35

 
(111
)
Energy contracts
3

 
(11
)
 
3

 
(14
)
Interest rate swaps
—

 
(1
)
 
—

 
(1
)
Total level 2 instruments
102

 
(168
)
 
77

 
(157
)
Level 3 instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy contracts
—

 
(12
)
 
—

 
(16
)
Total level 3 instruments
—

 
(12
)
 
—

 
(16
)
Total gross
$
102

 
$
(180
)
 
$
77

 
$
(173
)
Netting adjustment (A)
(37
)
 
37

 
(28
)
 
28

Total net
$
65

 
$
(143
)
 
$
49

 
$
(145
)

(A) Amounts represent the impact of legally enforceable master netting agreements that allow the Company to settle positive and negative positions with the same counterparties.
We recognized unrealized gains of less than $1 million for the six months ended September 30, 2015 related to Level 3 financial instruments that were still held as of September 30, 2015. These unrealized gains were included in “Other (income) expense, net.”
The following table presents a reconciliation of fair value activity for Level 3 derivative contracts (in millions).
 
Level 3  –
Derivative Instruments (A)
Balance as of March 31, 2015
$
(16
)
Unrealized/realized gain included in earnings (B)
5

Settlements
(1
)
Balance as of September 30, 2015
$
(12
)
(A) Represents net derivative liabilities.
(B) Included in “Other (income) expense, net.”










33
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





Financial Instruments Not Recorded at Fair Value
The table below presents the estimated fair value of certain financial instruments not recorded at fair value on a recurring basis (in millions). The table excludes short-term financial assets and liabilities for which we believe carrying value approximates fair value. We value long-term receivables and long-term debt using Level 2 inputs. Valuations are based on either market and/or broker ask prices when available or on a standard credit adjusted discounted cash flow model using market observable inputs.
 
September 30, 2015
 
March 31, 2015
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Long-term receivables from related parties
$
19

 
$
17

 
$
15

 
$
15

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total debt — third parties (excluding short-term borrowings)
$
4,520

 
$
4,235

 
$
4,457

 
$
4,659

 

34
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





14.    OTHER (INCOME) EXPENSE, NET
“Other (income) expense, net” is comprised of the following (in millions).
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Foreign currency remeasurement losses (gains), net (A)
$
3

 
$
1

 
$
(1
)
 
$
1

Loss (gain) on change in fair value of other unrealized derivative instruments, net (B)
15

 
1

 
(20
)
 
—

(Gain) loss on change in fair value of other realized derivative instruments, net (B)
(42
)
 
11

 
(34
)
 
14

Loss on sale of assets, net
—

 
2

 
1

 
3

Loss on Brazilian tax litigation, net (C)
2

 
2

 
3

 
4

Interest income
(2
)
 
(2
)
 
(4
)
 
(3
)
Gain on business interruption insurance recovery (D)
(5
)
 
—

 
(10
)
 
—

Other, net
(3
)
 
3

 
3

 
4

Other (income) expense, net
$
(32
)
 
$
18

 
$
(62
)
 
$
23

 
(A)
Includes “(Gain) loss recognized on balance sheet remeasurement currency exchange contracts, net.”
(B)
See Note 11 - Financial Instruments and Commodity Contracts for further details.
(C)
See Note 16 – Commitments and Contingencies – Brazil Tax and Legal Matters for further details.
(D)
We experienced an outage at the hotmill in the Logan facility in North America due to an unexpected failure of a motor, which resulted in lost shipments and profits during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015. A repaired motor was installed and operations at the hotmill resumed within approximately three weeks of the outage. We recognized gains of $5 million, $5 million and $13 million during the second quarter of fiscal 2016, first quarter of fiscal 2016, and fourth quarter of fiscal 2015, respectively, as settlements of the related business interruption recovery claim were reached. The payment in the second quarter of fiscal 2016 represented the final settlement payment.




 

35
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





15.    INCOME TAXES
A reconciliation of the Canadian statutory tax rate to our effective tax rate was as follows (in millions, except percentages).
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Pre-tax (loss) income before equity in net loss of non-consolidated affiliates and noncontrolling interests
$
(15
)
 
$
36

 
$
(59
)
 
$
97

Canadian statutory tax rate
25
%
 
25
 %
 
25
 %
 
25
%
(Benefit) provision at the Canadian statutory rate
$
(4
)
 
$
9

 
$
(15
)
 
$
24

Increase (decrease) for taxes on (loss) income resulting from:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exchange translation items
2

 
(15
)
 
10

 
(11
)
Exchange remeasurement of deferred income taxes
(16
)
 
(14
)
 
(14
)
 
(10
)
Change in valuation allowances
24

 
25

 
45

 
36

Income items not subject to tax
3

 
3

 
3

 
2

Dividends not subject to tax
(12
)
 
(14
)
 
(17
)
 
(24
)
Tax rate differences on foreign earnings
2

 
3

 
3

 
4

Other — net
(2
)
 
1

 
(3
)
 
1

Income tax (benefit) provision
$
(3
)
 
$
(2
)
 
$
12

 
$
22

Effective tax rate
19
%
 
(6
)%
 
(20
)%
 
23
%
Exchange translation items relate primarily to U.S. dollar denominated monetary assets and liabilities which will ultimately be taxed in local currency. The exchange remeasurement of deferred income taxes relates to deferred tax assets and liabilities in Brazil which get remeasured for currency fluctuations against the U.S. dollar. The change in valuation allowances primarily relates to tax losses in certain jurisdictions where we believe it is more likely than not that we will not be able to utilize those losses.
As of September 30, 2015, we had a net deferred tax liability of $59 million. This amount included gross deferred tax assets of approximately $1.1 billion and a valuation allowance of $573 million. It is reasonably possible that our estimates of future taxable income may change within the next 12 months, resulting in a change to the valuation allowance in one or more jurisdictions.
Tax authorities continue to examine certain of our tax filings for fiscal years 2008 through 2013. As a result of audit settlements, judicial decisions, the filing of amended tax returns or the expiration of statutes of limitations, our reserves for unrecognized tax benefits, as well as reserves for interest and penalties, may decrease in the next 12 months by an amount up to approximately $12 million.


36
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





16.    COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
We are party to, and may in the future be involved in, or subject to, disputes, claims and proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business, including some we assert against others, such as environmental, health and safety, product liability, employee, tax, personal injury and other matters. We have established a liability with respect to contingencies for which a loss is probable and estimable. While the ultimate resolution of and liability and costs related to these matters cannot be determined with certainty, we do not believe any of these pending actions, individually or in the aggregate, will materially impair our operations or materially affect our financial condition or liquidity.
For certain matters in which the Company is involved for which a loss is reasonably possible, we are unable to estimate a loss.  For certain other matters for which a loss is reasonably possible and the loss is estimable, we have estimated the aggregated range of loss as $0 to $60 million.  This estimated aggregate range of reasonably possible losses is based upon currently available information. The Company’s estimates involve significant judgment, and therefore, the estimate will change from time to time and actual losses may differ from the current estimate. We review the status of, and estimated liability related to, pending claims and civil actions on a quarterly basis. The evaluation model includes all asserted and unasserted claims that can be reasonably identified including claims relating to our responsibility for compliance with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which we operate or formerly operated. The estimated costs in respect of such reported liabilities are not offset by amounts related to insurance or indemnification arrangements unless otherwise noted.
The following describes certain contingencies relating to our business, including those for which we assumed liability as a result of our spin-off from Alcan Inc.
Environmental Matters
We own and operate numerous manufacturing and other facilities in various countries around the world. Our operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations from various jurisdictions, which govern, among other things, air emissions, wastewater discharges, the handling, storage and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes, the remediation of contaminated sites, post-mining reclamation and restoration of natural resources, and employee health and safety. Future environmental regulations may impose stricter compliance requirements on the industries in which we operate. Additional equipment or process changes at some of our facilities may be needed to meet future requirements. The cost of meeting these requirements may be significant. Failure to comply with such laws and regulations could subject us to administrative, civil or criminal penalties, obligations to pay damages or other costs, and injunctions and other orders, including orders to cease operations.
We are involved in proceedings under the U.S. Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, also known as CERCLA or Superfund, or analogous state provisions regarding liability arising from the usage, storage, treatment or disposal of hazardous substances and wastes at a number of sites in the United States, as well as similar proceedings under the laws and regulations of the other jurisdictions in which we have operations, including Brazil and certain countries in the European Union. Many of these jurisdictions have laws that impose joint and several liability, without regard to fault or the legality of the original conduct, for the costs of environmental remediation, natural resource damages, third party claims, and other expenses. In addition, we are, from time to time, subject to environmental reviews and investigations by relevant governmental authorities. We are also involved in claims and litigation filed on behalf of persons alleging exposure to substances and other hazards at our current and former facilities.
We have established liabilities based on our estimates for the currently anticipated costs associated with these environmental matters. We estimated that the remaining undiscounted clean-up costs related to our environmental liabilities as of September 30, 2015 were approximately $17 million, of which $12 million was included in “Other long-term liabilities” and the remaining $5 million in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities”. Of the total $17 million, $13 million was associated with restructuring actions and the remaining undiscounted clean-up costs were approximately $4 million. As of March 31, 2015, $18 million of the environmental liability was included in “Other long-term liabilities,” with the remaining $4 million included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Management has reviewed the environmental matters, including those for which we assumed liability as a result of our spin-off from Alcan Inc. As a result of management's review of these items, management has determined that the currently anticipated costs associated with these environmental matters will not, individually or in the aggregate, materially impact our operations or materially adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.



37
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





Brazil Tax and Legal Matters
Under a federal tax dispute settlement program established by the Brazilian government, we have settled several disputes with Brazil’s tax authorities regarding various forms of manufacturing taxes and social security contributions. In most cases, we are paying the settlement amounts over a period of 180 months, although in some cases we are paying the settlement amounts over a shorter period. The assets and liabilities related to these settlements are presented in the table below (in millions).

September 30,
2015
 
March 31,
2015
Cash deposits (A)
$
2

 
$
3

 
 
 
 
Short-term settlement liability (B)
$
6

 
$
7

Long-term settlement liability (B)
52

 
66

Total settlement liability
$
58

 
$
73

 
 
 
 
Liability for other disputes and claims (C)
$
10

 
$
12


(A) We have maintained these cash deposits as a result of legal proceedings with Brazil's tax authorities. These deposits, which are included in “Other long-term assets — third parties” in our accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets, will be expended toward these legal proceedings.
(B) The short-term and long-term settlement liabilities are included in "Accrued expenses and other current liabilities" and "Other long-term liabilities", respectively, in our accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(C)
In addition to the disputes we have settled under the federal tax dispute settlement program, we are involved in several other unresolved tax and other legal claims in Brazil. The related liabilities are included in "Other long-term liabilities" in our accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The interest cost recorded on these settlement liabilities, partially offset by interest earned on the cash deposits is included in the table below (in millions).

Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Six Months Ended September 30,

2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Loss on Brazilian tax litigation, net
$
2

 
$
2

 
$
3

 
$
4

Additionally, we have included in the range of reasonably possible losses disclosed above, any unresolved tax disputes or other contingencies for which a loss is reasonably possible and estimable.
Other Commitments
As of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, we sold certain inventories to third parties and have agreed to repurchase the same or similar inventory back from the third parties at market prices subsequent to the balance sheet dates. Our estimated outstanding repurchase obligations for this inventory as of September 30, 2015 were $25 million and as of March 31, 2015 were approximately $206 million, based on market prices as of these dates. We sell and repurchase inventory with third parties in an attempt to better manage inventory levels and to better match the purchasing of inventory with the demand for our products. As of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, there was no liability related to these repurchase obligations on our accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

38
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





17.    SEGMENT, MAJOR CUSTOMER AND MAJOR SUPPLIER INFORMATION
Segment Information
Due in part to the regional nature of supply and demand of aluminum rolled products and to best serve our customers, we manage our activities based on geographical areas and are organized under four operating segments: North America, Europe, Asia and South America. All of our segments manufacture aluminum sheet and light gauge products.
The following is a description of our operating segments:
North America. Headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, this segment operates eight plants, including two fully dedicated recycling facilities and one facility with recycling operations, in two countries.
Europe. Headquartered in Kusnacht, Switzerland, this segment operates ten plants, including two fully dedicated recycling facilities and two facilities with recycling operations, in four countries.
Asia. Headquartered in Seoul, South Korea, this segment operates five plants, including three facilities with recycling operations, in four countries.
South America. Headquartered in Sao Paulo, Brazil, this segment comprises power generation operations, and operates two plants, including a facility with recycling operations, in Brazil. Our remaining smelting operations facilities ceased operations in December 2014. The majority of our power generation operations were sold during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015.
Net sales and expenses are measured in accordance with the policies and procedures described in Note 1 — Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.
We measure the profitability and financial performance of our operating segments based on “Segment income.” “Segment income” provides a measure of our underlying segment results that is in line with our approach to risk management. We define “Segment income” as earnings before (a) “depreciation and amortization”; (b) “interest expense and amortization of debt issuance costs”; (c) “interest income”; (d) unrealized gains (losses) on change in fair value of derivative instruments, net, except for foreign currency remeasurement hedging activities, which are included in segment income; (e) impairment of goodwill; (f) gain or loss on extinguishment of debt; (g) noncontrolling interests' share; (h) adjustments to reconcile our proportional share of “Segment income” from non-consolidated affiliates to income as determined on the equity method of accounting; (i) “restructuring and impairment, net”; (j) gains or losses on disposals of property, plant and equipment and businesses, net; (k) other costs, net; (l) litigation settlement, net of insurance recoveries; (m) sale transaction fees; (n) provision or benefit for taxes on income (loss) and (o) cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax.
The tables below show selected segment financial information (in millions). The “Eliminations and Other” column in the table below includes eliminations and functions that are managed directly from our corporate office that have not been allocated to our operating segments, as well as the adjustments for proportional consolidation, and eliminations of intersegment “Net sales.” The financial information for our segments includes the results of our affiliates on a proportionately consolidated basis, which is consistent with the way we manage our business segments. In order to reconcile the financial information for the segments shown in the tables below to the relevant U.S. GAAP-based measures, we must adjust proportional consolidation of each line item. The “Eliminations and Other” in “Net sales – third party” includes the net sales attributable to our joint venture party, Tri-Arrows, for our Logan affiliate because we consolidate 100% of the Logan joint venture for U.S. GAAP, but we manage our Logan affiliate on a proportionately consolidated basis. See Note 5 - Consolidation and Note 6 - Investment in and Advances to Non-Consolidated Affiliates and Related Party Transactions for further information about these affiliates. Additionally, we eliminate intersegment sales and intersegment income for reporting on a consolidated basis.






39
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





Selected Segment Financial Information
 
September 30, 2015
North
America
 
Europe
 
Asia
 
South
America
 
Eliminations and Other
 
Total
Investment in and advances to non–consolidated affiliate
$
—

 
$
464

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
464

Total assets
$
2,565

 
$
2,952

 
$
1,482

 
$
1,501

 
$
130

 
$
8,630

March 31, 2015
North
America
 
Europe
 
Asia
 
South
America
 
Eliminations and Other
 
Total
Investment in and advances to non–consolidated affiliate
$
—

 
$
447

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
447

Total assets
$
2,744

 
$
2,952

 
$
1,663

 
$
1,588

 
$
155

 
$
9,102

Selected Operating Results Three Months Ended September 30, 2015
North
America
 
Europe
 
Asia
 
South
America
 
Eliminations and Other
 
Total
Net sales-third party
$
834

 
$
798

 
$
443

 
$
363

 
$
44

 
$
2,482

Net sales-intersegment
1

 
41

 
36

 
14

 
(92
)
 
—

Net sales
$
835

 
$
839

 
$
479

 
$
377

 
$
(48
)
 
$
2,482

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
$
36

 
$
27

 
$
15

 
$
15

 
$
(4
)
 
$
89

Income tax (benefit) provision
$
(17
)
 
$
(7
)
 
$
4

 
$
6

 
$
11

 
$
(3
)
Capital expenditures
$
25

 
$
32

 
$
10

 
$
7

 
$
1

 
$
75

 
Selected Operating Results Three Months Ended September 30, 2014
North
America
 
Europe
 
Asia
 
South
America
 
Eliminations and Other
 
Total
Net sales-third party
$
901

 
$
931

 
$
531

 
$
422

 
$
46

 
$
2,831

Net sales-intersegment
6

 
32

 
37

 
23

 
(98
)
 
—

Net sales
$
907

 
$
963

 
$
568

 
$
445

 
$
(52
)
 
$
2,831

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
$
34

 
$
27

 
$
18

 
$
16

 
$
(5
)
 
$
90

Income tax provision (benefit)
$
4

 
$
7

 
$
3

 
$
(19
)
 
$
3

 
$
(2
)
Capital expenditures
$
28

 
$
61

 
$
14

 
$
11

 
$
12

 
$
126

Selected Operating Results Six Months Ended September 30, 2015
North
America
 
Europe
 
Asia
 
South
America
 
Eliminations and Other
 
Total
Net sales-third party
$
1,720

 
$
1,613

 
$
976

 
$
716

 
$
91

 
$
5,116

Net sales-intersegment
3

 
106

 
69

 
52

 
(230
)
 
—

Net sales
$
1,723

 
$
1,719

 
$
1,045

 
$
768

 
$
(139
)
 
$
5,116

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
$
71

 
$
52

 
$
31

 
$
30

 
$
(8
)
 
$
176

Income tax (benefit) provision
$
(32
)
 
$
(13
)
 
$
5

 
$
23

 
$
29

 
$
12

Capital expenditures
$
77

 
$
88

 
$
20

 
$
15

 
$
4

 
$
204



40
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





Selected Operating Results Six Months Ended September 30, 2014
North
America
 
Europe
 
Asia
 
South
America
 
Eliminations and Other
 
Total
Net sales-third party
$
1,716

 
$
1,811

 
$
1,060

 
$
825

 
$
99

 
$
5,511

Net sales-intersegment
12

 
66

 
64

 
40

 
(182
)
 
—

Net sales
$
1,728

 
$
1,877

 
$
1,124

 
$
865

 
$
(83
)
 
$
5,511

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
$
68

 
$
52

 
$
38

 
$
33

 
$
(12
)
 
$
179

Income tax (benefit) provision
$
(5
)
 
$
19

 
$
6

 
$
(7
)
 
$
9

 
$
22

Capital expenditures
$
47

 
$
150

 
$
34

 
$
28

 
$
5

 
$
264

 
The following table shows the reconciliation from segment income for each of our regions to “Net (loss) income attributable to our common shareholder” (in millions). 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
North America
$
53

 
$
76

 
$
95

 
$
140

Europe
41

 
75

 
32

 
154

Asia
34

 
36

 
70

 
73

South America
54

 
41

 
113

 
96

Intersegment eliminations
—

 
2

 
(1
)
 
2

Depreciation and amortization
(89
)
 
(90
)
 
(176
)
 
(179
)
Interest expense and amortization of debt issuance costs
(82
)
 
(82
)
 
(162
)
 
(163
)
Adjustment to eliminate proportional consolidation
(8
)
 
(9
)
 
(15
)
 
(17
)
Unrealized (losses) gains on change in fair value of derivative instruments, net
(15
)
 
(1
)
 
20

 
—

Realized losses on derivative instruments not included in segment income
(3
)
 
—

 
(2
)
 
(1
)
Gain on assets held for sale
—

 
—

 
—

 
11

Loss on extinguishment of debt
—

 
—

 
(13
)
 
—

Restructuring and impairment, net
(4
)
 
(7
)
 
(19
)
 
(13
)
Loss on sale of fixed assets
—

 
(2
)
 
(1
)
 
(3
)
Other income (costs), net
3

 
(3
)
 
(2
)
 
(5
)
(Loss) income before income taxes
(16
)
 
36

 
(61
)
 
95

Income tax (benefit) provision
(3
)
 
(2
)
 
12

 
22

Net (loss) income
(13
)
 
38

 
(73
)
 
73

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Net (loss) income attributable to our common shareholder
$
(13
)
 
$
38

 
$
(73
)
 
$
73








41
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





Information about Major Customers and Primary Supplier
The table below shows our net sales to Rexam Plc (Rexam) and Affiliates of Ball Corporation (Ball), our two largest customers, as a percentage of total “Net sales.”
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Rexam (A)
20
%
 
18
%
 
19
%
 
18
%
Ball
11
%
 
12
%
 
11
%
 
11
%
(A)
In February of 2015, Ball Corporation made an offer to acquire Rexam. The combination is subject to regulatory approvals and other customary conditions to closing.
Rio Tinto Alcan (RTA) is our primary supplier of metal inputs, including prime and sheet ingot. The table below shows our purchases from RTA as a percentage of our total combined metal purchases.
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Purchases from RTA as a percentage of total
12
%
 
16
%
 
13
%
 
15
%



 

42
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





 18.    SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION
Supplemental cash flow information is as follows (in millions).
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
 
 
 
Interest paid
$
152

 
$
150

Income taxes paid
$
41

 
$
63

As of September 30, 2015, we recorded $64 million of outstanding accounts payable and accrued liabilities related to capital expenditures for which the cash outflows will occur subsequent to September 30, 2015.
 

43
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





19.    SUPPLEMENTAL GUARANTOR INFORMATION
In connection with the issuance of Novelis Inc.'s (the Parent and Issuer) 2017 Notes and 2020 Notes, certain of our wholly-owned subsidiaries, which are 100% owned within the meaning of Rule 3-10(h)(1) of Regulation S-X, provided guarantees. These guarantees are full and unconditional as well as joint and several. The guarantor subsidiaries (the Guarantors) are comprised of the majority of our businesses in Canada, the U.S., the U.K., Brazil, Portugal and Switzerland, as well as certain businesses in Germany and France. The remaining subsidiaries (the Non-Guarantors) of the Parent are not guarantors of the Notes.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
(in millions)
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2015
 
Parent
 
Guarantors
 
Non-
Guarantors
 
Eliminations
 
Consolidated
Net sales
$
158

 
$
2,159

 
$
588

 
$
(423
)
 
$
2,482

Cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
156

 
1,972

 
534

 
(421
)
 
2,241

Selling, general and administrative expenses
2

 
84

 
14

 
—

 
100

Depreciation and amortization
4

 
69

 
16

 
—

 
89

Interest expense and amortization of debt issuance costs
80

 
20

 
2

 
(20
)
 
82

Research and development expenses
—

 
12

 
1

 
—

 
13

Restructuring and impairment, net
—

 
4

 
—

 
—

 
4

Equity in net loss of non-consolidated affiliates
—

 
1

 
—

 
—

 
1

Equity in net income of consolidated subsidiaries
(82
)
 
(13
)
 
—

 
95

 
—

Other expense (income), net
9

 
(66
)
 
5

 
20

 
(32
)
 
169

 
2,083

 
572

 
(326
)
 
2,498

(Loss) income before income taxes
(11
)
 
76

 
16

 
(97
)
 
(16
)
Income tax provision (benefit)
2

 
(9
)
 
4

 
—

 
(3
)
Net (loss) income
(13
)
 
85

 
12

 
(97
)
 
(13
)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Net (loss) income attributable to our common shareholder
$
(13
)
 
$
85

 
$
12

 
$
(97
)
 
$
(13
)
Comprehensive (loss) income
$
(108
)
 
$
64

 
$
(35
)
 
$
(29
)
 
$
(108
)
Less: Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to our common shareholder
$
(108
)
 
$
64

 
$
(35
)
 
$
(29
)
 
$
(108
)
 


44
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
(in millions)
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2014
 
Parent
 
Guarantors
 
Non-
Guarantors
 
Eliminations
 
Consolidated
Net sales
$
166

 
$
2,415

 
$
684

 
$
(434
)
 
$
2,831

Cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
172

 
2,121

 
626

 
(436
)
 
2,483

Selling, general and administrative expenses
(1
)
 
83

 
21

 
—

 
103

Depreciation and amortization
5

 
65

 
20

 
—

 
90

Research and development expenses
—

 
11

 
1

 
—

 
12

Interest expense and amortization of debt issuance costs
81

 
20

 
2

 
(21
)
 
82

Restructuring and impairment, net
—

 
6

 
1

 
—

 
7

Equity in net income of consolidated subsidiaries
(128
)
 
(10
)
 
—

 
138

 
—

Other (income) expense, net
(2
)
 
(1
)
 
—

 
21

 
18

 
127

 
2,295

 
671

 
(298
)
 
2,795

Income before taxes
39

 
120

 
13

 
(136
)
 
36

Income tax provision (benefit)
1

 
(6
)
 
3

 
—

 
(2
)
Net income
38

 
126

 
10

 
(136
)
 
38

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Net income attributable to our common shareholder
$
38

 
$
126

 
$
10

 
$
(136
)
 
$
38

Comprehensive (loss) income
$
(96
)
 
$
32

 
$
(19
)
 
$
(15
)
 
$
(98
)
 Less: Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
—

 
—

 
(2
)
 
—

 
(2
)
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to our common shareholder
$
(96
)
 
$
32

 
$
(17
)
 
$
(15
)
 
$
(96
)



45
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
(in millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended September 30, 2015
 
Parent
 
Guarantors
 
Non-
Guarantors
 
Eliminations
 
Consolidated
Net sales
$
324

 
$
4,450

 
$
1,221

 
$
(879
)
 
$
5,116

Cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
333

 
4,071

 
1,113

 
(876
)
 
4,641

Selling, general and administrative expenses
(5
)
 
171

 
34

 
—

 
200

Depreciation and amortization
9

 
134

 
33

 
—

 
176

Interest expense and amortization of debt issuance costs
159

 
37

 
4

 
(38
)
 
162

Loss on extinguishment of debt
13

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
13

Research and development expenses
—

 
25

 
1

 
—

 
26

Restructuring and impairment, net
9

 
9

 
1

 
—

 
19

Equity in net loss of non-consolidated affiliates
—

 
2

 
—

 
—

 
2

Equity in net income of consolidated subsidiaries
(103
)
 
(19
)
 
—

 
122

 
—

Other (income) expense, net
(21
)
 
(91
)
 
12

 
38

 
(62
)
 
394

 
4,339

 
1,198

 
(754
)
 
5,177

(Loss) income before income taxes
(70
)
 
111

 
23

 
(125
)
 
(61
)
Income tax provision
3

 
4

 
5

 
—

 
12

Net (loss) income
(73
)
 
107

 
18

 
(125
)
 
(73
)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Net (loss) income attributable to our common shareholder
$
(73
)
 
$
107

 
$
18

 
$
(125
)
 
$
(73
)
Comprehensive (loss) income
$
(101
)
 
$
142

 
$
(36
)
 
$
(108
)
 
$
(103
)
Less: Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
—

 
—

 
(2
)
 
—

 
(2
)
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to our common shareholder
$
(101
)
 
$
142

 
$
(34
)
 
$
(108
)
 
$
(101
)


46
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
(in millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended September 30, 2014
 
Parent
 
Guarantors
 
Non-
Guarantors
 
Eliminations
 
Consolidated
Net sales
$
340

 
$
4,650

 
$
1,369

 
$
(848
)
 
$
5,511

Cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
344

 
4,071

 
1,247

 
(850
)
 
4,812

Selling, general and administrative expenses
(5
)
 
174

 
42

 
—

 
211

Depreciation and amortization
9

 
129

 
41

 
—

 
179

Research and development expenses
—

 
23

 
1

 
—

 
24

Interest expense and amortization of debt issuance costs
161

 
34

 
5

 
(37
)
 
163

Gain on assets held for sale, net
(5
)
 
(6
)
 
—

 
—

 
(11
)
Restructuring and impairment, net
—

 
11

 
2

 
—

 
13

Equity in net loss of non-consolidated affiliates
—

 
2

 
—

 
—

 
2

Equity in net income of consolidated subsidiaries
(218
)
 
(19
)
 
—

 
237

 
—

Other (income) expense, net
(22
)
 
3

 
5

 
37

 
23

 
264

 
4,422

 
1,343

 
(613
)
 
5,416

Income before income taxes
76

 
228

 
26

 
(235
)
 
95

Income tax provision
3

 
12

 
7

 
—

 
22

Net income
73

 
216

 
19

 
(235
)
 
73

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Net income attributable to our common shareholder
$
73

 
$
216

 
$
19

 
$
(235
)
 
$
73

Comprehensive (loss) income
$
(30
)
 
$
106

 
$
25

 
$
(132
)
 
$
(31
)
Less: Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
—

 
—

 
(1
)
 
—

 
(1
)
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to our common shareholder
$
(30
)
 
$
106

 
$
26

 
$
(132
)
 
$
(30
)




























47
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET (in millions)
 
As of September 30, 2015
 
Parent
 
Guarantors
 
Non-
Guarantors
 
Eliminations
 
Consolidated
ASSETS
Current assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
2

 
$
281

 
$
179

 
$
—

 
$
462

Accounts receivable, net of allowances
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
— third parties
34

 
882

 
239

 
—

 
1,155

— related parties
276

 
156

 
187

 
(564
)
 
55

Inventories
49

 
999

 
306

 
(5
)
 
1,349

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
6

 
72

 
26

 
—

 
104

Fair value of derivative instruments
8

 
84

 
13

 
(3
)
 
102

Deferred income tax assets
—

 
30

 
13

 
—

 
43

Assets held for sale
—

 
5

 
—

 
—

 
5

Total current assets
375

 
2,509

 
963

 
(572
)
 
3,275

Property, plant and equipment, net
88

 
2,573

 
827

 
—

 
3,488

Goodwill
—

 
596

 
11

 
—

 
607

Intangible assets, net
18

 
545

 
3

 
—

 
566

Investments in and advances to non-consolidated affiliates
—

 
464

 
—

 
—

 
464

Investments in consolidated subsidiaries
3,166

 
572

 
—

 
(3,738
)
 
—

Deferred income tax assets
—

 
44

 
51

 
—

 
95

Other long-term assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


— third parties
53

 
52

 
11

 
—

 
116

— related parties
1,168

 
68

 
—

 
(1,217
)
 
19

Total assets
$
4,868

 
$
7,423

 
$
1,866

 
$
(5,527
)
 
$
8,630

LIABILITIES AND (DEFICIT) EQUITY
Current liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current portion of long-term debt
$
22

 
$
8

 
$
72

 
$
—

 
$
102

Short-term borrowings
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
— third parties
357

 
460

 
84

 
—

 
901

— related parties
45

 
108

 
—

 
(153
)
 
—

Accounts payable
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
— third parties
30

 
884

 
521

 
—

 
1,435

— related parties
66

 
267

 
46

 
(330
)
 
49

Fair value of derivative instruments
67

 
64

 
31

 
(3
)
 
159

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities


 


 


 


 


— third parties
87

 
436

 
70

 
—

 
593

— related parties
1

 
72

 
8

 
(81
)
 
—

Deferred income tax liabilities
—

 
1

 
—

 
—

 
1

Total current liabilities
675

 
2,300

 
832

 
(567
)
 
3,240

Long-term debt, net of current portion
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
— third parties
4,262

 
23

 
133

 
—

 
4,418

— related parties
49

 
1,112

 
56

 
(1,217
)
 
—

Deferred income tax liabilities
—

 
189

 
7

 
—

 
196

Accrued postretirement benefits
30

 
544

 
191

 
—

 
765

Other long-term liabilities
35

 
144

 
6

 
—

 
185

Total liabilities
5,051

 
4,312

 
1,225

 
(1,784
)
 
8,804

Commitments and contingencies

 

 

 

 

Total temporary equity - intercompany
—

 
1,681

 
—

 
(1,681
)
 
—

Shareholder’s (deficit) equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Additional paid-in capital
1,404

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1,404

(Accumulated deficit) retained earnings
(998
)
 
1,955

 
734

 
(2,689
)
 
(998
)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income
(589
)
 
(525
)
 
(102
)
 
627

 
(589
)
Total (deficit) equity of our common shareholder
(183
)
 
1,430

 
632

 
(2,062
)
 
(183
)
Noncontrolling interests
—

 
—

 
9

 
—

 
9

Total (deficit) equity
(183
)
 
1,430

 
641

 
(2,062
)
 
(174
)
Total liabilities and (deficit) equity
$
4,868

 
$
7,423

 
$
1,866

 
$
(5,527
)
 
$
8,630


48
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET (in millions)
 
As of March 31, 2015
 
Parent
 
Guarantors
 
Non-
Guarantors
 
Eliminations
 
Consolidated
ASSETS
Current assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
4

 
$
365

 
$
259

 
$
—

 
$
628

Accounts receivable, net of allowances
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
— third parties
23

 
1,034

 
232

 
—

 
1,289

— related parties
385

 
154

 
158

 
(644
)
 
53

Inventories
55

 
1,084

 
294

 
(2
)
 
1,431

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
6

 
89

 
17

 
—

 
112

Fair value of derivative instruments
19

 
55

 
9

 
(6
)
 
77

Deferred income tax assets
—

 
70

 
9

 
—

 
79

Assets held for sale
—

 
6

 
—

 
—

 
6

Total current assets
492

 
2,857

 
978

 
(652
)
 
3,675

Property, plant and equipment, net
95

 
2,549

 
898

 
—

 
3,542

Goodwill
—

 
596

 
11

 
—

 
607

Intangible assets, net
19

 
562

 
3

 
—

 
584

Investments in and advances to non-consolidated affiliates
—

 
447

 
—

 
—

 
447

Investments in consolidated subsidiaries
3,013

 
597

 
—

 
(3,610
)
 
—

Deferred income tax assets
—

 
47

 
48

 
—

 
95

Other long-term assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


— third parties
57

 
70

 
10

 
—

 
137

— related parties
1,265

 
64

 
—

 
(1,314
)
 
15

Total assets
$
4,941

 
$
7,789

 
$
1,948

 
$
(5,576
)
 
$
9,102

LIABILITIES AND (DEFICIT) EQUITY
Current liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current portion of long-term debt
$
22

 
$
8

 
$
78

 
$
—

 
$
108

Short-term borrowings
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
— third parties
394

 
381

 
71

 
—

 
846

— related parties
—

 
122

 
—

 
(122
)
 
—

Accounts payable
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
— third parties
27

 
1,195

 
632

 
—

 
1,854

— related parties
78

 
393

 
42

 
(469
)
 
44

Fair value of derivative instruments
83

 
62

 
10

 
(6
)
 
149

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
— third parties
99

 
412

 
61

 
—

 
572

— related parties
—

 
47

 
6

 
(53
)
 
—

Deferred income tax liabilities
—

 
20

 
—

 
—

 
20

Total current liabilities
703

 
2,640

 
900

 
(650
)
 
3,593

Long-term debt, net of current portion
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
— third parties
4,205

 
28

 
116

 
—

 
4,349

— related parties
49

 
1,209

 
56

 
(1,314
)
 
—

Deferred income tax liabilities
—

 
254

 
7

 
—

 
261

Accrued postretirement benefits
30

 
534

 
184

 
—

 
748

Other long-term liabilities
36

 
175

 
10

 
—

 
221

Total liabilities
5,023

 
4,840

 
1,273

 
(1,964
)
 
9,172

Commitments and contingencies

 

 

 

 

Total temporary equity - intercompany
—

 
1,681

 
—

 
(1,681
)
 
—

Shareholder’s (deficit) equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Additional paid-in capital
1,404

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1,404

(Accumulated deficit) retained earnings
(925
)
 
1,831

 
711

 
(2,542
)
 
(925
)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income
(561
)
 
(563
)
 
(48
)
 
611

 
(561
)
Total (deficit) equity of our common shareholder
(82
)
 
1,268

 
663

 
(1,931
)
 
(82
)
Noncontrolling interests
—

 
—

 
12

 
—

 
12

Total (deficit) equity
(82
)
 
1,268

 
675

 
(1,931
)
 
(70
)
Total liabilities and (deficit) equity
$
4,941

 
$
7,789

 
$
1,948

 
$
(5,576
)
 
$
9,102


49
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (in millions)
 
Six Months Ended September 30, 2015
 
Parent
 
Guarantors
 
Non-
Guarantors
 
Eliminations
 
Consolidated
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
$
63

 
$
115

 
$
(46
)
 
$
(195
)
 
$
(63
)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital expenditures
(2
)
 
(185
)
 
(17
)
 
—

 
(204
)
Proceeds from sales of assets, net of transaction fees and hedging


 


 


 


 


— third parties
—

 
1

 
—

 
—

 
1

Outflows from investment in and advances to affiliates, net
(64
)
 
(4
)
 
(45
)
 
109

 
(4
)
(Outflows) proceeds from settlement of other undesignated derivative instruments, net
(48
)
 
47

 
(13
)
 
—

 
(14
)
Net cash used in investing activities
(114
)
 
(141
)
 
(75
)
 
109

 
(221
)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from issuance of long-term and short-term borrowings
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
— third parties
60

 
45

 
35

 
—

 
140

— related parties
—

 
140

 
—

 
(140
)
 
—

Principal payments of long-term and short-term borrowings
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
— third parties
(6
)
 
(117
)
 
(12
)
 
—

 
(135
)
— related parties
—

 
(62
)
 
—

 
62

 
—

Revolving credit facilities and other, net
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
— third parties
(37
)
 
138

 
22

 
—

 
123

— related parties
45

 
(14
)
 
—

 
(31
)
 
—

Intercompany dividends
—

 
(194
)
 
(2
)
 
195

 
(1
)
Debt issuance costs
(13
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(13
)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
49

 
(64
)
 
43

 
86

 
114

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
(2
)
 
(90
)
 
(78
)
 
—

 
(170
)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
—

 
6

 
(2
)
 
—

 
4

Cash and cash equivalents — beginning of period
4

 
365

 
259

 
—

 
628

Cash and cash equivalents — end of period
$
2

 
$
281

 
$
179

 
$
—

 
$
462




50
Novelis Inc.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) - (Continued)





CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (in millions)
 
Six Months Ended September 30, 2014
 
Parent
 
Guarantors
 
Non-
Guarantors
 
Eliminations
 
Consolidated
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
$
108

 
$
74

 
$
(6
)
 
$
(189
)
 
$
(13
)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital expenditures
(8
)
 
(218
)
 
(38
)
 
—

 
(264
)
Proceeds from the sale of assets, net of transaction fees
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
— third parties
29

 
5

 
—

 
—

 
34

Outflows from investment in and advances to affiliates, net
(71
)
 
(4
)
 
—

 
64

 
(11
)
Proceeds (outflows) from settlement of other undesignated derivative instruments, net
11

 
(11
)
 
3

 
—

 
3

Net cash used in investing activities
(39
)
 
(228
)
 
(35
)
 
64

 
(238
)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from issuance of long-term and short-term borrowings
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
— third parties
—

 
188

 
10

 
—

 
198

— related parties
—

 
500

 
3

 
(503
)
 
—

Principal payments of long-term and short-term borrowings
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
— third parties
(11
)
 
(95
)
 
(20
)
 
—

 
(126
)
— related parties
—

 
(22
)
 
—

 
22

 
—

Revolving credit facilities and other, net
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
— third parties
199

 
50

 
(1
)
 
—

 
248

— related parties
(7
)
 
(420
)
 
—

 
427

 
—

Return of capital to our common shareholder
(250
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(250
)
Dividends - noncontrolling interests
—

 
(188
)
 
(2
)
 
189

 
(1
)
Proceeds from issuance of intercompany equity
—

 
—

 
10

 
(10
)
 
—

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
(69
)
 
13

 
—

 
125

 
69

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
—

 
(141
)
 
(41
)
 
—

 
(182
)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
—

 
(3
)
 
2

 
—

 
(1
)
Cash and cash equivalents — beginning of period
4

 
372

 
133

 
—

 
509

Cash and cash equivalents — end of period
$
4

 
$
228

 
$
94

 
$
—

 
$
326




51


Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
The following information should be read together with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report for a more complete understanding of our financial condition and results of operations. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed below, particularly in “SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND MARKET DATA.”
OVERVIEW AND REFERENCES
Novelis is the world's leading aluminum rolled products producer based on shipment volume in fiscal 2015. We produce aluminum sheet and light gauge products for use in the packaging market, which includes beverage and food can and foil products, as well as for use in the automotive, transportation, electronics, architectural and industrial product markets. We are also the world's largest recycler of aluminum and have recycling operations in many of our plants to recycle both post-consumer aluminum and post-industrial aluminum. As of September 30, 2015, we had manufacturing operations in 11 countries on four continents, which include 25 operating plants, and recycling operations in 11 of these plants. We are the only company of our size and scope focused solely on the aluminum rolled products markets and capable of local supply of technologically sophisticated products in all of our geographic regions, but with the global footprint to service global customers.
In this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, unless otherwise specified, the terms “we,” “our,” “us,” “Company,” and “Novelis” refer to Novelis Inc., a company incorporated in Canada under the Canadian Business Corporations Act (CBCA) and its subsidiaries. References herein to “Hindalco” refer to Hindalco Industries Limited, our indirect parent company, which acquired Novelis in May 2007, through its indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, AV Metals Inc., our direct parent company.
As used in this Quarterly Report, consolidated “aluminum rolled product shipments” or “flat rolled product shipments” refers to aluminum rolled products shipments to third parties. Regional “aluminum rolled product shipments” or “flat rolled product shipments” refers to aluminum rolled products shipments to third parties and intersegment shipments to other Novelis regions. Shipment amounts also include tolling shipments. References to “total shipments” include aluminum rolled products as well as certain other non-rolled product shipments, primarily scrap, used beverage cans (UBC), ingot, billets and primary remelt. The term “aluminum rolled products” is synonymous with the terms “flat rolled products” and “FRP” commonly used by manufacturers and third party analysts in our industry. All tonnages are stated in metric tonnes. One metric tonne (mt) is equivalent to 2,204.6 pounds. One kilotonne (kt) is 1,000 metric tonnes.
References to our Form 10-K made throughout this document refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015, filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on May 12, 2015.

52



HIGHLIGHTS
We reported "Segment income" of $182 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2016, which is down 21% compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2015 reflecting significant unfavorable metal price lag of $63 million. Excluding the impact from metal price lag, "Segment income" increased by $15 million driven by higher flat rolled products shipments and favorable product mix due to a strategic shift to grow premium automotive shipments, partially offset by higher costs associated with the start-up and support of new automotive finishing and recycling capacity and less favorable recycling benefits due to lower aluminum prices as compared to the prior year. Global economic uncertainty, foreign currency volatility and uncertainty in commodity markets, while not impacting the efficiency of our operations, impacted our financial results and likely will continue to have an impact in the near term.
Shipments of flat rolled products increased to 788 kt, which is a new quarterly shipment record, compared to 765 kt during the second quarter of fiscal 2015. Year to date flat rolled products shipments of 1,556 kt is also at record levels. Regional shipments of flat rolled products increased 3% in the second quarter of fiscal 2016 compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2015, primarily due to a 7% increase in Europe and 3% increase in North America with shipments up slightly in Asia and South America. Global automotive shipments increased by 59% and 63% compared to the three and six months ended September 30, 2014, respectively.
We have made significant investments in automotive sheet finishing operations globally as the automotive industry is using more aluminum in vehicles to improve vehicle performance and fuel efficiency by reducing vehicle weight. The two automotive sheet finishing lines in our Oswego, New York facility are operating at full capacity, and our automotive finishing line in Changzhou, China continues to ramp up production in line with demand, which is contributing to record global automotive shipment levels. We also started the commissioning process of our third automotive finishing line at our Oswego, New York facility, and a second automotive finishing line at our Nachterstedt, Germany facility.
We reported a "Net loss" of $13 million in the three months ended September 30, 2015, compared with "Net income" of $38 million in the three months ended September 30, 2014. Net cash used in operating activities was $63 million for the six months ended September 30, 2015, a decline of $50 million from the prior comparable period, primarily due to lower segment income, partially offset by lower working capital requirements. Capital expenditures related to strategic expansion projects declined as some of our larger projects have either recently commissioned or are in the commissioning phase. We spent $204 million on capital expenditures globally for the six months ended September 30, 2015 compared to $264 million in the same period in prior year.

53


BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY CLIMATE
The demand for aluminum in the automotive industry continues to grow rapidly. This demand has been driven by the benefits that result from using lighter weight materials in vehicles, as companies respond to government regulations, which are driving improved emissions and better fuel economy; while also maintaining or improving vehicle handling, braking, and safety. We expect the automotive aluminum market to grow significantly through the end of the decade, which is driving the investments we have made in our automotive sheet finishing capacity in North America, Europe and Asia.
While economic growth and material substitution continues to drive increasing global demand for aluminum beverage cans, consumer demand for carbonated soft drinks in North America has declined, creating excess capacity in the can sheet market in the region. We expect the overcapacity for can products in North America to eventually lessen as producers of flat rolled aluminum products shift more hot mill rolling capacity toward automotive products. Slower economic growth and uncertainty in China and increased competition from Chinese suppliers of flat rolled aluminum products has put downward pressure on conversion premiums, primarily in can and specialty products.
Base aluminum prices and local market premiums continued on a downward trend in the second quarter of fiscal 2016 and have declined sharply in the first half of fiscal 2016. These price declines are contractually passed through to the majority of our customers, although recognition in net selling prices precedes the recognition of metal price movements in our cost of goods sold. Although we use derivatives contracts to minimize the price lag associated with LME base aluminum prices, we do not use derivative contracts for local market premiums, as these are not prevalent in the market.
Key Sales and Shipment Trends
 
(in millions, except shipments which are in kt)
 
Three Months Ended
 
Year Ended
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
June 30, 2014
 
Sept 30, 2014
 
Dec 31, 2014
 
March 31, 2015
 
March 31, 2015
 
June 30, 2015
 
Sept 30, 2015
Net sales
 
$
2,680

 
$
2,831

 
$
2,847

 
$
2,789

 
$
11,147

 
$
2,634

 
$
2,482

Percentage increase (decrease) in net sales versus comparable previous year period
 
12
%
 
17
%
 
18
%
 
9
 %
 
14
%
 
(2
)%
 
(12
)%
Rolled product shipments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
North America
 
249

 
260

 
255

 
243

 
1,007

 
261

 
269

Europe
 
246

 
234

 
218

 
240

 
938

 
252

 
250

Asia
 
188

 
186

 
198

 
196

 
768

 
193

 
187

South America
 
114

 
116

 
129

 
131

 
490

 
107

 
117

Eliminations
 
(27
)
 
(31
)
 
(43
)
 
(52
)
 
(153
)
 
(45
)
 
(35
)
Total
 
770

 
765

 
757

 
758

 
3,050

 
768

 
788

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following summarizes the percentage increase (decrease) in rolled product shipments versus the comparable previous year period:
 
 
 
 
North America
 
5
%
 
9
%
 
9
%
 
(2
)%
 
5
%
 
5
 %
 
3
 %
Europe
 
6
%
 
4
%
 
3
%
 
(1
)%
 
3
%
 
2
 %
 
7
 %
Asia
 
16
%
 
19
%
 
20
%
 
25
 %
 
20
%
 
3
 %
 
1
 %
South America
 
24
%
 
7
%
 
5
%
 
6
 %
 
10
%
 
(6
)%
 
1
 %
Total
 
9
%
 
7
%
 
5
%
 
1
 %
 
5
%
 
—
 %
 
3
 %






54


Business Model and Key Concepts
Conversion Business Model
A significant amount of our business is conducted under a conversion model, which allows us to pass through increases or decreases in the price of aluminum to our customers. Nearly all of our flat-rolled products have a price structure with three components: (i) a base aluminum price quoted off the LME; (ii) local market premiums; and (iii) a “conversion premium” to produce the rolled product which reflects, among other factors, the competitive market conditions for that product. Base aluminum prices are typically driven by macroeconomic factors and global supply and demand of aluminum. The local market premiums tend to vary based on the supply and demand for metal in a particular region and associated transportation costs.
In North America, Europe and South America, we pass through local market premiums to our customers which are recorded through "Net sales." We purchase our metal inputs in Asia based on the LME and incur a local market premium; however, many of our competitors in this region price their metal off the Shanghai Futures Exchange, which does not include a local market premium, making it difficult for us to fully pass through this component of our metal input cost to some of our customers.
LME Base Aluminum Prices and Local Market Premiums
The average (based on the simple average of the monthly averages) and closing prices based upon the LME prices for aluminum for the three and six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Percent
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
Percent
 
2015
 
2014
 
Change
 
2015
 
2014
 
Change
London Metal Exchange Prices
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Aluminum (per metric tonne, and presented in U.S. dollars):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Closing cash price as of beginning of period
$
1,647

 
$
1,851

 
(11
)%
 
$
1,789

 
$
1,731

 
3
 %
Average cash price during the period
$
1,589

 
$
1,989

 
(20
)%
 
$
1,679

 
$
1,894

 
(11
)%
Closing cash price as of end of period
$
1,562

 
$
1,935

 
(19
)%
 
$
1,562

 
$
1,935

 
(19
)%
The weighted average local market premium was as follows for the three and six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Percent
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
Percent
 
2015
 
2014
 
Change
 
2015
 
2014
 
Change
Weighted average Local Market Premium (per metric tonne, and presented in U.S. dollars)
$
178

 
$
482

 
(63
)%
 
$
235

 
$
458

 
(49
)%

Metal Price Lag and Related Hedging Activities
Increases or decreases in the price of aluminum based on average LME base aluminum prices and local market premiums directly impact “Net sales,” “Cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)” and working capital. The timing of these impacts varies based on contractual arrangements with customers and metal suppliers in each region. These timing impacts are referred to as metal price lag. Metal price lag exists due to: 1) the period of time between the pricing of our purchases of metal, holding and processing the metal, and the pricing of the sale of finished inventory to our customers, and 2) certain customer contracts containing fixed forward price commitments which result in exposure to changes in metal prices for the period of time between when our sales price fixes and the sale actually occurs.
    


55


We use LME aluminum forward contracts to preserve our conversion margins and manage the timing differences associated with the LME base metal component of “Net sales,” and “Cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)." These derivatives directly hedge the economic risk of future LME base metal price fluctuations to better match the purchase price of metal with the sales price of metal. We do not use derivative contracts to offset the impacts of local market premium price movements as these contracts are not prevalent in the market. As a consequence, volatility in local market premiums can result in significant metal price lag.
We elect to apply hedge accounting to better match the recognition of gains or losses on certain derivative instruments with the recognition of the underlying exposure being hedged in the statement of operations. For undesignated metal derivatives, there are timing differences between the recognition of unrealized gains or losses on the derivatives and the recognition of the underlying exposure in the statement of operations. The recognition of unrealized gains and losses on undesignated metal derivative positions typically precedes inventory cost recognition, customer delivery and revenue recognition. The timing difference between the recognition of unrealized gains and losses on undesignated metal derivatives and cost or revenue recognition impacts “Income (loss) before income taxes” and “Net income (loss).” Gains and losses on metal derivative contracts are not recognized in “Segment income” until realized.
See Segment Review below for the impact of metal price lag on each of our segments.
Foreign Currency and Related Hedging Activities    
We operate a global business and conduct business in various currencies around the world. We have exposure to foreign currency risk as fluctuations in foreign exchange rates impact our operating results as we translate the operating results from various functional currencies into our U.S. dollar reporting currency at the current average rates.  We also record foreign exchange remeasurement gains and losses when business transactions are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of that operation.  Global economic uncertainty is contributing to higher levels of volatility among the currency pairs in which we conduct business.  The following table presents the exchange rates as of the end of each period and the average of the month-end exchange rates for the three and six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exchange Rate as of
 
Average Exchange Rate
 
Average Exchange Rate
 
September 30, 2015
 
March 31, 2015
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
U.S. dollar per Euro
1.117

 
1.075

 
1.112

 
1.305

 
1.112

 
1.339

Swiss franc per Euro
1.089

 
1.045

 
1.079

 
1.210

 
1.060

 
1.214

Brazilian real per U.S. dollar
3.973

 
3.208

 
3.671

 
2.319

 
3.381

 
2.273

South Korean won per U.S. dollar
1,195

 
1,105

 
1,179

 
1,030

 
1,140

 
1,026

Canadian dollar per U.S. dollar
1.335

 
1.267

 
1.321

 
1.099

 
1.277

 
1.091

    
In both South Korea and Europe, operations are recorded in their local currency and translated into the U.S. dollar reporting currency. When comparing the second quarter of fiscal 2016 operating results with the second quarter of fiscal 2015, in South Korea and Europe, the stronger U.S. dollar resulted in unfavorable foreign exchange translation.
In Brazil and Canada, the U.S. dollar is the functional currency due to predominantly U.S. dollar selling prices while our operating costs are predominately denominated in the Brazilian real and the Canadian dollar. The stronger U.S. dollar compared to the Brazilian real and the Canadian dollar resulted in a favorable remeasurement of local currency operating costs and liabilities into the U.S. dollar in the second quarter of fiscal 2016 compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2015.
In January 2015, the Swiss National Bank discontinued its policy to support a minimum exchange rate between the Euro and the Swiss franc.  Following this announcement, the Swiss franc rapidly appreciated in value.  This adversely impacted our Swiss operations, where operating costs are incurred primarily in the Swiss franc, and a large portion of revenues are denominated in the Euro.

56


We use foreign exchange forward contracts and cross-currency swaps to manage our exposure arising from recorded assets and liabilities, firm commitments, and forecasted cash flows denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of certain operations, which include capital expenditures and net investment in foreign subsidiaries. In the second quarter of fiscal 2016, remeasurement hedging losses on the currency exchange contracts partially offset the foreign currency exchange balance sheet remeasurement gains arising from the non-functional currency denominated assets and liabilities being remeasured to the functional currency of certain operations. The increased volatility in the daily Brazilian real and Korean won exchange rates versus the U.S. dollar resulted in a portion of the balance sheet remeasurement gains and losses not being fully offset by the foreign currency exchange hedges.  In South America, the foreign currency exchange hedging losses partially offset the foreign currency remeasurement gains on the Brazilian real denominated liabilities being remeasured to the U.S. dollar.  In South Korea, the foreign currency exchange hedging losses partially offset the foreign currency remeasurement gains on the U.S. dollar denominated receivables.  For other foreign currency hedging programs, the unrealized gains or losses on other undesignated derivatives are recognized in the statement of operations prior to the hedged transaction.  The movement of currency exchange rates during the second quarter of fiscal 2016 and the second quarter of fiscal 2015 resulted in $4 million of net unrealized losses and $2 million of net unrealized losses, respectively, on undesignated foreign currency derivatives. The movement of currency exchange rates during the first half of fiscal 2016 and the first half of fiscal 2015 resulted in $5 million of net unrealized losses and $1 million of net unrealized losses, respectively, on undesignated foreign currency derivatives.
See Segment Review below for the impact of foreign currency on each of our segments.


57


RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2015 COMPARED TO THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2014
“Net sales” decreased $349 million, or 12%, driven by a 20% decrease in average base aluminum prices and a 63% decrease in average local market premiums, partially offset by the favorable impact from our strategic shift to higher priced automotive products and a 23 kt increase in flat rolled products shipments to a record level 788 kt.
“Cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)” decreased $242 million, or 10%, due to lower weighted average metal costs, partially offset by an increase in shipments and higher costs related to our strategic expansion projects. Total metal input costs included in "Cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)” decreased $255 million.
“Loss before income taxes” for the three months ended September 30, 2015 was $16 million, compared to "Income before income taxes" of $36 million in the three months ended September 30, 2014. In addition to the factors noted above, the following additional items affected “Loss before income taxes:”
•
Sharp declines in local market premiums in the current period compared to prior year, which we are unable to hedge economically, drove significant unfavorable metal price lag of $63 million;
•
Net losses related to changes in fair value of other unrealized derivative instruments of $15 million compared to the $1 million loss in the same period in the prior year, which is reported as "Other (income) expense, net"; and
•
"Restructuring and impairment, net" of $4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015 is primarily related to severance charges related to organizational restructuring in our corporate headquarters and European operations as we continue to align our structure to better support our evolving business environment. We incurred $7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2014, which primarily included severance charges in our European region and environmental and other charges related to certain non-core assets in Brazil.
Our effective tax rate was 19% and we recognized a $3 million tax benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2015, primarily due to tax losses in jurisdictions where we believe it more likely than not that we will not be able to utilize those losses, partially offset by net favorable foreign exchange movement. For the three months ended September 30, 2014, we recognized a $2 million tax benefit primarily due to losses in jurisdictions where we believe it more likely than not that we will not be able to utilize those losses offset by favorable foreign exchange movement.
We reported “Net loss attributable to our common shareholder” of $13 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015 as compared to “Net income attributable to our common shareholder” of $38 million for the three months ended September 30, 2014, primarily as a result of the factors discussed above.

58


Segment Review
Due in part to the regional nature of supply and demand of aluminum rolled products and in order to best serve our customers, we manage our activities on the basis of geographical regions and are organized under four operating segments: North America, Europe, Asia and South America.
We measure the profitability and financial performance of our operating segments based on “Segment income.” We define “Segment income” as earnings before (a) “depreciation and amortization”; (b) “interest expense and amortization of debt issuance costs”; (c) “interest income”; (d) unrealized gains (losses) on changes in fair value of derivative instruments, net, except for foreign currency remeasurement hedging activities, which are included in segment income; (e) impairment of goodwill; (f) gain or loss on extinguishment of debt; (g) noncontrolling interests’ share; (h) adjustments to reconcile our proportional share of “Segment income” from non-consolidated affiliates to income as determined on the equity method of accounting; (i) “restructuring and impairment, net”; (j) gains or losses on disposals of property, plant and equipment and businesses, net; (k) other costs, net; (l) litigation settlement, net of insurance recoveries; (m) sale transaction fees; (n) provision or benefit for taxes on income (loss) and (o) cumulative effect of accounting changes, net of tax. The financial information for our segments includes the results of our affiliates on a proportionately consolidated basis, which is consistent with the way we manage our business segments. See Note 5 — Consolidation and Note 6 — Investment in and Advances to Non-Consolidated Affiliates and Related Party Transactions for further information about these affiliates. Our presentation of “Segment income” on a consolidated basis is a non-GAAP financial measure. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below for additional discussion about our use of "Total Segment income.”
The tables below show selected segment financial information (in millions, except shipments which are in kt). For additional financial information related to our operating segments, see Note 17 — Segment, Major Customer and Major Supplier Information. In order to reconcile the financial information for the segments shown in the tables below to the relevant U.S. GAAP-based measures, "Eliminations and Other" adjusts for proportional consolidation of each line item, and eliminates intersegment shipments (in kt) and intersegment "Net sales."
Selected Operating Results Three Months Ended September 30, 2015
North
America
 
Europe
 
Asia
 
South
America
 
Eliminations
and Other
 
Total
Net sales
$
835

 
$
839

 
$
479

 
$
377

 
$
(48
)
 
$
2,482

Shipments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rolled products - third party
268

 
235

 
173

 
112

 
—

 
788

Rolled products - intersegment
1

 
15

 
14

 
5

 
(35
)
 
—

Total rolled products
269

 
250

 
187

 
117

 
(35
)
 
788

Non-rolled products
4

 
45

 
1

 
21

 
—

 
71

Total shipments
273

 
295

 
188

 
138

 
(35
)
 
859

 
Selected Operating Results Three Months Ended September 30, 2014
North
America
 
Europe
 
Asia
 
South
America
 
Eliminations
and Other
 
Total
Net sales
$
907

 
$
963

 
$
568

 
$
445

 
$
(52
)
 
$
2,831

Shipments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rolled products - third party
259

 
225

 
173

 
108

 
—

 
765

Rolled products - intersegment
1

 
9

 
13

 
8

 
(31
)
 
—

Total rolled products
260

 
234

 
186

 
116

 
(31
)
 
765

Non-rolled products
6

 
48

 
1

 
27

 
(2
)
 
80

Total shipments
266

 
282

 
187

 
143

 
(33
)
 
845


59


The following table reconciles changes in “Segment income” for the three months ended September 30, 2014 to the three months ended September 30, 2015 (in millions).
Changes in Segment income
 
North
America
 
Europe
 
Asia
 
South
America
 
Eliminations (A)
 
Total
Segment income - Three Months Ended September 30, 2014
 
$
76

 
$
75

 
$
36

 
$
41

 
$
2

 
$
230

Volume
 
7

 
17

 
1

 
1

 
(5
)
 
21

Conversion premium and product mix
 
21

 
5

 
4

 
6

 
(12
)
 
24

Conversion costs (B)
 
(9
)
 
(31
)
 
7

 
—

 
15

 
(18
)
Metal price lag (C)
 
(43
)
 
(17
)
 
(5
)
 
2

 
—

 
(63
)
Foreign exchange
 
—

 
(14
)
 
(6
)
 
15

 
—

 
(5
)
Primary operations
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(4
)
 
—

 
(4
)
Selling, general & administrative and research & development costs (D)
 
(5
)
 
2

 
(1
)
 
(5
)
 
—

 
(9
)
Other changes
 
6

 
4

 
(2
)
 
(2
)
 
—

 
6

Segment income - Three Months Ended September 30, 2015
 
$
53

 
$
41

 
$
34

 
$
54

 
$
—

 
$
182

(A)
The recognition of "Segment income" by a region on an intersegment shipment could occur in a period prior to the recognition of "Segment income" on a consolidated basis, depending on the timing of when the inventory is sold to the third party customer. The "Eliminations" column adjusts regional "Segment income" for intersegment shipments that occur in a period prior to recognition of "Segment income" on a consolidated basis. The "Eliminations" column also reflects adjustments for changes in regional volume, conversion premium and product mix, and conversion costs related to intersegment shipments for consolidation.
(B)
Conversion costs include expenses incurred in production such as direct and indirect labor, energy, freight, scrap usage, alloys and hardeners, coatings, alumina, melt loss, the benefit of utilizing scrap and other metal costs. Conversion costs are excluding costs related to changes in mix. Fluctuations in this component reflect cost efficiencies (inefficiencies) during the period as well as cost (inflation) deflation.
(C)
Metal price lag impacts on year over year comparisons was primarily driven by local market premium price volatility which we are unable to hedge economically.
(D)
Selling, general & administrative costs and research & development costs include costs incurred directly by each segment and all corporate related costs, which are allocated to each of our segments.
North America
“Net sales” decreased $72 million, or 8%, due to lower average base aluminum prices, lower local market premiums, and lower can and specialty shipments partially offset by higher automotive shipments as we continue to adjust our product mix to match demand. As a result of the continued ramp-up of our new automotive lines in the region and higher demand in the automotive sector, we expect to see positive year over year automotive shipment growth in the remainder of fiscal year 2016.
“Segment income” was $53 million, a decrease of 30%, reflecting significant unfavorable metal price lag of $43 million. Excluding the impact of metal price lag, "Segment income" would have increased by $20 million year over year due to higher conversion premiums from the related product mix shift, partially offset by higher fixed and variable costs associated with the commissioning and support of new automotive capacity. We also recognized a $5 million insurance settlement gain in the second quarter of fiscal 2016 for a business interruption which occurred in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015 at our Logan facility.
Our two new automotive sheet finishing lines at our Oswego, New York facility, are operating at full capacity contributing to automotive shipment growth. The third automotive finishing line in our Oswego, New York facility, began the commissioning process during the quarter, ahead of its targeted commissioning date.
Europe
“Net sales” decreased $124 million, or 13%, due to lower average base aluminum prices, lower local market premiums and unfavorable changes in foreign currency rates, partially offset by higher can and automotive shipments. Although economic uncertainty is leading to softening demand for our specialties business in parts of Europe, we continue to experience strong market demand for can and automotive products.

60


“Segment income” was $41 million, a decrease of 45%, reflecting significant unfavorable metal price lag of $17 million. Excluding the impact of metal price lag, "Segment income" would have declined by $17 million year over year due to unfavorable impact from changes in foreign currency rates, higher conversion costs primarily related to the higher fixed cost base associated with the ramp-up of our new recycling facility in Nachterstedt, Germany, and an increase in variable costs resulting from operational issues that are temporarily constraining the facility's output, partially offset by higher conversion premiums and increased shipments.
We are in the process of commissioning a second automotive finishing line in our Nachterstedt, Germany facility.
Asia
“Net sales” decreased $89 million, or 16%, due to lower average base aluminum prices and lower specialty shipments due to increased competition from Chinese suppliers, partially offset by higher shipments of can and automotive products as we continue to adjust our product mix to match demand. The increase in can volumes was driven by shipments to customers in the Middle East. Automotive shipments from our new automotive finishing line in Changzhou, China also increased as we increased intersegment shipments of automotive products to Novelis Europe with an additional portion of the increase attributable to demand from customers in China.
“Segment income” was $34 million, a decrease of 6%, reflecting unfavorable metal price lag of $5 million. Excluding the impact of metal price lag, "Segment income" would have increased by $3 million year over year due to favorable shift in product mix to automotive products, and lower metal input costs associated with a decrease in the local market premium which is a cost we incur and are unable to fully pass along to some of our customers, partially offset by unfavorable impact from changes in foreign currency rates.
South America
“Net sales” decreased $68 million, or 15%, due to lower average base aluminum prices, lower local market premiums, and flat shipments as the decrease in specialty shipments were offset by an increase in can shipments. Shipments of specialty products decreased compared to prior year largely due to slowing economic conditions in Brazil with gross domestic product contracting in consecutive quarters; however, demand for relatively recession resistant can products remain strong.
“Segment income” was $54 million, an increase of 32% reflecting favorable metal price lag of $2 million. Excluding the impact of metal price lag, "Segment income" would have increased by $11 million year over year primarily reflecting favorable foreign currency changes, a favorable shift in product mix as additional can sales offset a decrease in specialties resulting in increased shipments for the quarter.
    

61


Reconciliation of segment results to “Net (loss) income attributable to our common shareholder”
Costs such as depreciation and amortization, interest expense and unrealized gains (losses) on changes in the fair value of derivatives (except for derivatives used to manage our foreign currency remeasurement activities) are not utilized by our chief operating decision maker in evaluating segment performance. The table below reconciles income from reportable segments to “Net (loss) income attributable to our common shareholder” for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 (in millions).
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
North America
$
53

 
$
76

Europe
41

 
75

Asia
34

 
36

South America
54

 
41

Intersegment eliminations
—

 
2

Total Segment income
182

 
230

Depreciation and amortization
(89
)
 
(90
)
Interest expense and amortization of debt issuance costs
(82
)
 
(82
)
Adjustment to eliminate proportional consolidation
(8
)
 
(9
)
Unrealized losses on change in fair value of derivative instruments, net
(15
)
 
(1
)
Realized losses on derivative instruments not included in segment income
(3
)
 
—

Restructuring and impairment, net
(4
)
 
(7
)
Loss on sale of fixed assets
—

 
(2
)
Other income (costs), net
3

 
(3
)
(Loss) income before income taxes
(16
)
 
36

Income tax (benefit) provision
(3
)
 
(2
)
Net (loss) income
(13
)
 
38

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
—

 
—

Net (loss) income attributable to our common shareholder
$
(13
)
 
$
38

“Adjustment to eliminate proportional consolidation” relates to depreciation and amortization and income taxes at our Aluminium Norf GmbH (Alunorf) joint venture. Income taxes related to our equity method investments are reflected in the carrying value of the investment and not in our consolidated “Income tax (benefit) provision.”
“Realized losses on derivative instruments not included in segment income” represents realized losses on foreign currency derivatives related to capital expenditures.
"Other income (costs), net" related primarily to losses on certain indirect tax expenses in Brazil, and interest income.










62


RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2015 COMPARED TO THE SIX MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2014
“Net sales” decreased $395 million, or 7%, driven by an 11% decrease in average base aluminum prices, a 49% decrease in average local market premiums, and impact from the sale of our North American consumer foil operations, partially offset by the favorable impact from our strategic shift to higher priced automotive products. Shipments of flat rolled products increased by 21 kt to a record level of 1,556 kt.
“Cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)” decreased $171 million, or 4%, due to lower weighted average metal costs, and impact from the sale of our North American consumer foil operations, partially offset by an increase in shipments and higher costs related to our strategic expansion projects. Total metal input costs included in "Cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)” decreased $170 million.
“Loss before income taxes” for the six months ended September 30, 2015 was $61 million, compared to "Income before income taxes" of $95 million in the six months ended September 30, 2014. In addition to the factors noted above, the following items affected “Loss before income taxes:”
•
Sharp declines in local market premiums in the current period compared to prior year, which we are unable to hedge economically, resulted in significant unfavorable metal price lag of $150 million;
•
"Selling, general and administrative expenses" decreased $11 million primarily due to tighter cost control in the current year and lower long-term incentive plan costs;
•
The six months ended September 30, 2014 included a "Gain on assets held for sale, net" of $11 million related to $7 million from the sale of our consumer foil operations in North America and $4 million from a property and mining rights sale in Brazil;
•
"Loss on extinguishment of debt" includes a $13 million loss on the partial extinguishment of our Term Loan Facility, which was amended during the first quarter of fiscal 2016;
•
"Restructuring and impairment, net" of $19 million for the six months ended September 30, 2015 includes $14 million of severance and impairment charges related to business restructuring events in our corporate headquarters, and another $5 million of other costs associated with realigning our structure to better support our evolving business environment. In the prior year, we incurred $13 million, primarily related to restructuring actions in South America, Europe, and North America and impairment charges in South America. (See Note 2 - Restructuring and impairment to our accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements for further details on restructuring activities; and
•
Net gains related to changes in fair value of other unrealized derivative instruments of $20 million in the current period was reported as "Other (income) expense, net".
We recognized $12 million tax expense for the six months ended September 30, 2015 primarily due to tax losses in jurisdictions where we believe it is more likely than not that we will not be able to utilize those losses, partially offset by net favorable foreign exchange movements. For the six months ended September 30, 2014 our effective tax rate was 23% and we recognized a $22 million tax expense primarily due to losses in jurisdictions where we believe it more likely than not that we will not be able to utilized those losses, partially offset by favorable foreign exchange movement.
We reported “Net loss attributable to our common shareholder” of $73 million for the six months ended September 30, 2015 as compared to "Net income attributable to our common shareholder" of $73 million for the six months ended September 30, 2014, primarily as a result of the factors discussed above.

63


Segment Review
The tables below show selected segment financial information (in millions, except shipments which are in kt). For additional financial information related to our operating segments, see Note 17 — Segment, Major Customer and Major Supplier Information. In order to reconcile the financial information for the segments shown in the tables below to the relevant U.S. GAAP-based measures, "Eliminations and Other" adjusts for proportional consolidation of each line item, and eliminates intersegment shipments (in kt), intersegment sales, and intersegment income.
Selected Operating Results Six Months Ended September 30, 2015
North
America
 
Europe
 
Asia
 
South
America
 
Eliminations
and Other
 
Total
Net sales
$
1,723

 
$
1,719

 
$
1,045

 
$
768

 
$
(139
)
 
$
5,116

Shipments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rolled products - third party
529

 
466

 
355

 
206

 
—

 
1,556

Rolled products - intersegment
1

 
36

 
25

 
18

 
(80
)
 
—

Total rolled products
530

 
502

 
380

 
224

 
(80
)
 
1,556

Non-rolled products
9

 
64

 
2

 
44

 
—

 
119

Total shipments
539

 
566

 
382

 
268

 
(80
)
 
1,675

 
Selected Operating Results Six Months Ended September 30, 2014
North
America
 
Europe
 
Asia
 
South
America
 
Eliminations
and Other
 
Total
Net sales
$
1,728

 
$
1,877

 
$
1,124

 
$
865

 
$
(83
)
 
$
5,511

Shipments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rolled products - third party
507

 
460

 
351

 
217

 
—

 
1,535

Rolled products - intersegment
2

 
20

 
23

 
13

 
(58
)
 
—

Total rolled products
509

 
480

 
374

 
230

 
(58
)
 
1,535

Non-rolled products
11

 
77

 
1

 
52

 
(2
)
 
139

Total shipments
520

 
557

 
375

 
282

 
(60
)
 
1,674


64


The following table reconciles changes in “Segment income” for the six months ended September 30, 2014 to the six months ended September 30, 2015 (in millions).
Changes in Segment income
 
North
America (A)
 
Europe
 
Asia
 
South
America
 
Eliminations (B)
 
Total
Segment income - Six Months Ended September 30, 2014
 
$
140

 
$
154

 
$
73

 
$
96

 
$
2

 
$
465

Volume
 
20

 
25

 
4

 
(7
)
 
(27
)
 
15

Conversion premium and product mix
 
36

 
6

 
5

 
5

 
(7
)
 
45

Conversion costs (C)
 
(31
)
 
(56
)
 
3

 
1

 
31

 
(52
)
Metal price lag (D)
 
(68
)
 
(77
)
 
(8
)
 
3

 
—

 
(150
)
Foreign exchange
 
—

 
(32
)
 
(3
)
 
28

 
—

 
(7
)
Primary operations
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(4
)
 
—

 
(4
)
Selling, general & administrative and research & development costs (E)
 
(8
)
 
5

 
(1
)
 
(8
)
 
—

 
(12
)
Other changes
 
6

 
7

 
(3
)
 
(1
)
 
—

 
9

Segment income - Six Months Ended September 30, 2015
 
$
95

 
$
32

 
$
70

 
$
113

 
$
(1
)
 
$
309

(A)
Included in the North America "Segment income" for the six months ended September 30, 2014 were the operating results of our consumer foil operations in North America we sold on June 30, 2014. The change to "Segment income" attributable to these operations for the six months ended September 30, 2015 compared to the prior year was unfavorable by $1 million. The following table reconciles changes in “Segment income” for the six months ended September 30, 2014 to the six months ended September 30, 2015 (in millions), with the impact of the consumer foil operations separately identified.
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in Segment income
 
North America
 
Total
Segment income - Six Months Ended September 30, 2014
 
$
140

 
$
465

Volume
 
24

 
19

Conversion premium and product mix
 
46

 
55

Conversion costs
 
(43
)
 
(64
)
Metal price lag
 
(68
)
 
(150
)
Foreign exchange
 
—

 
(7
)
Primary metal production
 
—

 
(4
)
Selling, general & administrative and research & development costs
 
(9
)
 
(13
)
Other changes
 
6

 
9

Net impact of North America consumer foil operations sold in fiscal 2015
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
Segment income - Six Months Ended September 30, 2015
 
$
95

 
$
309

(B)
The recognition of "Segment income" by a region on an intersegment shipment could occur in a period prior to the recognition of "Segment income" on a consolidated basis, depending on the timing of when the inventory is sold to the third party customer. The "Eliminations" column adjusts regional "Segment income" for intersegment shipments that occur in a period prior to recognition of "Segment income" on a consolidated basis. The "Eliminations" column also reflects adjustments for changes in regional volume, conversion premium and product mix, and conversion costs related to intersegment shipments for consolidation.
(C)
Conversion costs include expenses incurred in production such as direct and indirect labor, energy, freight, scrap usage, alloys and hardeners, coatings, alumina, melt loss, the benefit of utilizing scrap and other metal costs. Fluctuations in this component reflect cost efficiencies (inefficiencies) during the period as well as cost (inflation) deflation.
(D)
Metal price lag impacts on year over year comparisons were primarily driven by local market premium price volatility which we are unable to hedge economically.
(E)
Selling, general & administrative costs and research & development costs include costs incurred directly by each segment and all corporate related costs, which are allocated to each of our segments.

65


North America
“Net sales” decreased $5 million, due to lower average aluminum prices, lower local market premiums, impact from the sale of our North American consumer foil operations, and lower can and specialty shipments partially offset by higher automotive shipments as we continue to adjust our product mix to match demand. As a result of our continued ramp-up of our new automotive lines in the region and higher demand in the automotive sector, we expect to see positive year over year automotive shipment growth in the remainder of fiscal year 2016.
“Segment income” was $95 million, a decrease of 32%, reflecting significant unfavorable metal price lag of $68 million. Excluding the impact of metal price lag, "Segment income" would have increased by $23 million year over year due to higher shipment levels, higher conversion premiums from the related product mix shift, and recognition of a $10 million insurance settlement gain in the first six months of fiscal 2016 for a business interruption which occurred in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015 at our Logan facility, partially offset by higher fixed and variable costs associated with the commissioning and support of new automotive capacity.
Europe
“Net sales” decreased $158 million, or 8%, due to lower average aluminum prices, lower local market premiums, unfavorable changes in foreign currency rates, partially offset by higher can and automotive shipments. We continue to experience strong market demand for can and automotive products due to material substitution trends favoring aluminum.
“Segment income” was $32 million, a decrease of 79%, reflecting significant unfavorable metal price lag of $77 million. Excluding the impact of metal price lag, "Segment income" would have declined by $45 million year over year due to an unfavorable impact from changes in foreign currency rates, the higher fixed cost base associated with the ramp-up of our new recycling facility in Nachterstedt, Germany, and an increase in variable costs resulting from operational issues that are temporarily constraining the facility's output, partially offset by higher conversion premiums and increased shipments.
Asia
“Net sales” decreased $79 million, or 7%, reflecting lower average aluminum prices and lower specialty shipments due to increased competition from Chinese suppliers, partially offset by higher can and automotive shipments as we continue to adjust our product mix to match demand. The increase in our can volumes was driven by shipments to customers in the Middle East. Automotive shipments from our new automotive finishing line in Changzhou, China also increased as we increased intersegment shipments of automotive products to Novelis Europe with an additional portion of the increase attributable to demand from customers in China.
“Segment income” was $70 million, a decrease of 4%, reflecting unfavorable metal price lag of $8 million. Excluding the impact of metal price lag, "Segment income" would have increased by $5 million year over year due to a favorable shift in product mix related to additional automotive shipments, an increase in shipments and lower metal input costs associated with a decrease in the local market premium which is a cost we incur and are unable to fully pass along to some of our customers, partially offset by unfavorable impact from changes in foreign currency rates.
South America
“Net sales” decreased $97 million, or 11%, driven by lower average aluminum prices and a slight decrease in our shipments of our can and specialty products. The decrease in our specialty products is primarily due to slowing economic conditions in Brazil while the lower can shipments in the current period compared to the prior period was driven by higher volumes in the prior year related to the FIFA World Cup.
“Segment income” was $113 million, an increase of 18%, reflecting favorable metal price lag of $3 million. Excluding the impact of metal price lag, "Segment income" would have increased by $14 million year over year primarily reflecting favorable foreign currency changes, a favorable shift in product mix as additional can sales offset a decrease in specialties, partially offset by a decrease in shipments.






66



Reconciliation of segment results to “Net (loss) income attributable to our common shareholder”
Costs such as depreciation and amortization, interest expense and unrealized gains (losses) on changes in the fair value of derivatives (except for derivatives used to manage our foreign currency remeasurement activities) are not utilized by our chief operating decision maker in evaluating segment performance. The table below reconciles income from reportable segments to “Net (loss) income attributable to our common shareholder” for the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 (in millions). 
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
North America
$
95

 
$
140

Europe
32

 
154

Asia
70

 
73

South America
113

 
96

Intersegment eliminations
(1
)
 
2

Total Segment income
309

 
465

Depreciation and amortization
(176
)
 
(179
)
Interest expense and amortization of debt issuance costs
(162
)
 
(163
)
Adjustment to eliminate proportional consolidation
(15
)
 
(17
)
Unrealized gains on change in fair value of derivative instruments, net
20

 
—

Realized losses on derivative instruments not included in segment income
(2
)
 
(1
)
Gain on assets held for sale
—

 
11

Loss on extinguishment of debt
(13
)
 
—

Restructuring and impairment, net
(19
)
 
(13
)
Loss on sale of fixed assets
(1
)
 
(3
)
Other costs, net
(2
)
 
(5
)
(Loss) income before income taxes
(61
)
 
95

Income tax provision
12

 
22

Net (loss) income
(73
)
 
73

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
—

 
—

Net (loss) income attributable to our common shareholder
$
(73
)
 
$
73



67


Liquidity and Capital Resources
Over the past four years, we have been in a transitional period in which we invested heavily in strategically expanding rolling capacity, recycling operations and automotive finishing capabilities.  Several of our expansion projects are ramping up operations, and multiple projects have begun commissioning in the current year which, when operational, will generate additional operating cash flows.  Our significant investments in the business were funded through cash flows generated by our operations, and a combination of local financing and our senior secured credit facilities.  We expect to be able to fund our continued expansions, service our debt obligations and provide sufficient liquidity to run our business through one or more of the following: the generation of operating cash flows; our existing debt facilities, including refinancing; and new debt issuances, as necessary. 
Our Term Loan Facility was refinanced on June 2, 2015 and extended to June 2, 2022. Additionally, we entered into a new Subordinated Lien Revolver on June 10, 2015.
Available Liquidity
Our available liquidity as of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015 is as follows (in millions): 
 
September 30, 2015
 
March 31, 2015
Cash and cash equivalents
$
462

 
$
628

Availability under committed credit facilities
506

 
510

Total liquidity
$
968

 
$
1,138


Available liquidity decreased $170 million to $968 million as of September 30, 2015. The decrease is primarily attributable to negative free cash flow of $285 million, a decrease in the ABL borrowing base of $132 million, debt issuance costs of $13 million, foreign currency exchange impact on availability of the committed credit facilities of $12 million and net payments under our debt instruments of $5 million; offset by new committed credit facilities of $273 million and other increases of $4 million. As of September 30, 2015, our availability under committed credit facilities of $506 million was comprised of $187 million under our ABL Revolver, $209 million under our Korea, China, and Middle East and Africa loan facilities and $110 million under our new Subordinated Lien Revolver.
The “Cash and cash equivalents” balance above includes cash held in foreign countries in which we operate. As of September 30, 2015, we held approximately $2 million of "Cash and cash equivalents" in Canada, where we are incorporated, with the rest held in other countries in which we operate. As of September 30, 2015, we held $71 million of cash in jurisdictions for which we have asserted that earnings are indefinitely reinvested and we plan to continue to fund operations and local expansions with cash held in those jurisdictions. Our significant future uses of cash include funding our expansion projects globally, which we plan to fund with cash flows from operating activities and local financing, and servicing our debt obligations domestically, which we plan to fund with cash flows from operating activities and, if necessary, by repatriating cash from jurisdictions for which we have not asserted that earnings are indefinitely reinvested. Cash held outside of Canada is free from significant restrictions that would prevent the cash from being accessed to meet the Company's liquidity needs including, if necessary, to fund operations and service debt obligations in Canada. Upon the repatriation of any earnings to Canada, in the form of dividends or otherwise, we could be subject to Canadian income taxes (subject to adjustment for foreign taxes paid and the utilization of the large cumulative net operating losses we have in Canada) and withholding taxes payable to the various foreign jurisdictions. As of September 30, 2015, we do not believe adverse tax consequences exist that restrict our use of “Cash or cash equivalents” in a material manner.
Free Cash Flow
We define “Free cash flow” (which is a non-GAAP measure) as: (a) “net cash provided by (used in) operating activities,” (b) plus "net cash provided by (used in) investing activities” and (c) less “proceeds from sales of assets, net of transaction fees and hedging.” Management believes “Free cash flow” is relevant to investors as it provides a measure of the cash generated internally that is available for debt service and other value creation opportunities. However, “Free cash flow” does not necessarily represent cash available for discretionary activities, as certain debt service obligations must be funded out of “Free cash flow.” Our method of calculating “Free cash flow” may not be consistent with that of other companies.

68


The following table shows “Free cash flow” for the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, the change between periods, and the ending balances of cash and cash equivalents (in millions).
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
Change
Net cash used in operating activities
$
(63
)
 
$
(13
)
 
$
(50
)
Net cash used in investing activities
(221
)
 
(238
)
 
17

Less: Proceeds from sales of assets, net of transaction fees and hedging
(1
)
 
(34
)
 
33

Free cash flow
$
(285
)
 
$
(285
)
 
$
—

Ending cash and cash equivalents
$
462

 
$
326

 
$
136

Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $63 million for the six months ended September 30, 2015, which was unfavorable compared to net cash used in operating activities of $13 million in the six months ended September 30, 2014. The unfavorable variance relates to lower "Segment income", driven by significant unfavorable impacts from metal price lag. The following summarizes changes in working capital accounts (in millions).
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
Change
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities due to changes in working capital:
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts receivable
$
127

 
$
(187
)
 
$
314

Inventories
87

 
(369
)
 
456

Accounts payable
(384
)
 
295

 
(679
)
Other current assets and liabilities
35

 
(2
)
 
37

Net change in working capital
$
(135
)
 
$
(263
)
 
$
128


Six Months Ended September 30, 2015
"Accounts receivable, net" decreased due to 7% lower sales and higher forfaiting and factoring (collectively referred to as factoring) of accounts receivable. As of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, we had factored, without recourse, certain trade receivable aggregating $685 million and $591 million, respectively, which had a favorable impact to net cash provided by operating activities of $94 million for the six months ended September 30, 2015. We determine the need to factor our receivables based on local cash needs including the need to fund our strategic investments, as well as attempting to balance the timing of cash flows of trade payables and receivables. "Inventories" were lower due to lower average metal costs, partially offset by higher quantities on hand. The higher quantities of inventory on hand at September 30, 2015 is the result of recent capacity expansions, as well as longer supply chains to support the auto sector and expand our scrap procurement network. As of September 30, 2015, we had sold certain inventories to third parties and have agreed to repurchase the same or similar inventory back from the third parties at market prices subsequent to September 30, 2015. Our estimated repurchase obligation for this inventory as of September 30, 2015 is $25 million, based on market prices as of these dates. We sell and repurchase inventory with third parties in an attempt to better manage inventory levels and to better match the purchasing of inventory with the demand for our products. "Accounts payable" declined $384 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2016 due to lower metal input costs, partially offset by longer payment terms with certain vendors.
Included in cash flows from operating activities for the six months ended September 30, 2015 were $152 million of interest payments, $41 million of cash paid for income taxes, $14 million of payments on restructuring programs, and $12 million of contributions to our pension plans. As of September 30, 2015, we had $29 million of outstanding restructuring liabilities, of which $20 million we estimate will result in cash outflows within the next twelve months. We also expect to incur restructuring charges in future periods as we fully dismantle the smelter site in South America.

69


Six Months Ended September 30, 2014
We experienced an increase in "Accounts receivable, net" due to an increase in shipments, higher base aluminum prices and local market premiums compared to the end of the fourth quarter of prior year, partially offset by higher forfaiting and factoring (collectively referred to as factoring) of accounts receivable. As of September 30, 2014 and March 31, 2014, we had factored, without recourse, certain trade receivable aggregating $318 million and $245 million, respectively, which had a favorable impact to net cash used in operating activities of $73 million for the six months ended September 30, 2014. We determine the need to factor our receivables based on local cash needs including the need to fund our strategic investments, as well as attempting to balance the timing of cash flows of trade payables and receivables. "Inventories" were higher due to an increase in quantities and higher metal input costs when compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014. The higher quantities of inventory on hand at September 30, 2014 is the result of additional capacity from our expansions resulting in higher purchase and shipment levels. As of September 30, 2014, we had sold certain inventories to third parties and have agreed to repurchase the same or similar inventory back from the third parties subsequent to September 30, 2014. Our estimated repurchase obligation for this inventory as of September 30, 2014 is $132 million, based on market prices as of this date. We sell and repurchase inventory with third parties in an attempt to better manage inventory levels and to better match the purchasing of inventory with the demand for our products. We experienced an increase in "Accounts payable" due to higher purchases of inventory and higher metal input costs when compared to the end of the fourth quarter of prior year, the timing of payments on vendor payables outstanding as of September 30, 2014, and longer payment terms with certain vendors.
Included in cash flows from operating activities for the six months ended September 30, 2014 were $150 million of interest payments, $63 million of cash paid for income taxes, $11 million of payments on restructuring programs, and $27 million of contributions to our pension plans.
Hedging Activities
We use derivative contracts to manage risk as well as liquidity. Under our terms of credit with counterparties to our derivative contracts, we do not have any material margin call exposure. No material amounts have been posted by Novelis nor do we hold any material amounts of margin posted by our counterparties. We settle derivative contracts in advance of billing on the underlying physical inventory and collecting payment from our customers, which temporarily impacts our liquidity position. The lag between derivative settlement and customer collection typically ranges from 30 to 90 days.
More details on our operating activities can be found above in “Results of operations for the six months ended September 30, 2015 compared to the six months ended September 30, 2014."


70


Investing Activities
The following table presents information regarding our “Net cash used in investing activities” (in millions).
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
Change
Capital expenditures
$
(204
)
 
$
(264
)
 
$
60

(Outflows) proceeds from settlement of other undesignated derivative instruments, net
(14
)
 
3

 
(17
)
Proceeds from sales of assets, third party, net of transaction fees and hedging
1

 
34

 
(33
)
Outflows from investment in and advances to non-consolidated affiliates, net
(4
)
 
(11
)
 
7

Net cash used in investing activities
$
(221
)
 
$
(238
)
 
$
17

For the six months ended September 30, 2015, our "Capital expenditures" were primarily attributable to our automotive sheet finishing expansions in the U.S. and Germany. For the six months ended September 30, 2014, our "Capital expenditures" were primarily attributable to our automotive sheet finishing expansions in the U.S., China and Germany and our recycling expansion in Germany. Also included in both periods presented above are maintenance related capital expenditures.
As of September 30, 2015, we had $64 million of outstanding accounts payable and accrued liabilities related to capital expenditures in which the cash outflows will occur subsequent to September 30, 2015. We expect capital expenditures for fiscal 2016 to total approximately $400 million.
The settlement of undesignated derivative instruments resulted in cash outflow of $14 million and cash inflow of $3 million, in the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The variance in these cash flows related primarily to changes in average aluminum prices and foreign currency rates which impact gains or losses we realize on the settlement of derivatives.    
The net proceeds from asset sales for the six months ended September 30, 2015 were $1 million related to the sale of fixed assets in Brazil. The net proceeds from asset sales for the six months ended September 30, 2014 were $30 million related to the sale of our consumer foil operations in North America and $4 million related to an arrangement to sell property and mining rights in Brazil.
“Outflows from investments in and advances to non–consolidated affiliates, net" for six months ended September 30, 2015 was primarily comprised of loans made to our non-consolidated affiliate, Alunorf, to fund capital expenditures.
Financing Activities
The following table presents information regarding our “Net cash provided by financing activities” (in millions).
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
Change
Proceeds from issuance of long-term and short-term borrowings
$
140

 
$
198

 
$
(58
)
Principal payments of long-term and short-term borrowings
(135
)
 
(126
)
 
(9
)
Revolving credit facilities and other, net
123

 
248

 
(125
)
Return of capital to our common shareholder
—

 
(250
)
 
250

Dividends, noncontrolling interest
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
—

Debt issuance costs
(13
)
 
—

 
(13
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
$
114

 
$
69

 
$
45



71


Six Months Ended September 30, 2015
During the six months ended September 30, 2015, we received proceeds of $60 million related to the refinancing of the Term Loan as well as issuances of new loans in Brazil, Korea and Vietnam of $45 million, $27 million and $8 million, respectively. We made principal repayments of $113 million on short-term loans in Brazil, $10 million on Novelis Vietnam loan repayments, $5 million on capital leases, $5 million on the Term Loan, and $2 million in other principal repayments. The change in our credit facilities balance is related to a net increase of $68 million on our ABL Revolver and Subordinated Lien Revolver, and $55 million in our short-term revolving facilities in Novelis Asia and Novelis Middle East and Africa. In June 2015, we amended and extended our Term Loan by entering into a $1.8 billion seven-year secured term loan credit facility. Additionally, in June 2015, we entered into a new Subordinated Lien Revolver, which is a $200 million 15-month secured revolving facility.
As of September 30, 2015, our short-term borrowings were $901 million consisting of $596 million of loans under our ABL Revolver, $98 million in Novelis Brazil loans, $90 million under our Subordinated Lien Revolver, $48 million in Novelis Korea bank loans, $33 million in Novelis Middle East and Africa loans, $27 million in Novelis China loans, and $7 million in Novelis Vietnam loans. The weighted average interest rate on our total short-term borrowings was 3.05% as of September 30, 2015. As of September 30, 2015, $7 million of the ABL Revolver was utilized for letters of credit, reducing our availability under that facility.
Six Months Ended September 30, 2014
During the six months ended September 30, 2014, we received proceeds related to the issuance of new short-term loans in Brazil, Korea and Vietnam of $184 million, $7 million and $3 million, respectively. We made principal repayments of $87 million on short-term loans in Brazil, $9 million on our Term Loan Facility, $2 million on long-term loans in Brazil, $4 million on capital leases, $7 million on long-term loans in Korea, and $17 million on other loans. On April 30, 2014, we made a return of capital payment to our direct shareholder, AV Metals Inc., in the amount of $250 million.





72


OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
In accordance with SEC rules, the following qualify as off-balance sheet arrangements:
•
any obligation under certain derivative instruments;
•
any obligation under certain guarantees or contracts;
•
a retained or contingent interest in assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity or similar entity or similar arrangement that serves as credit, liquidity or market risk support to that entity for such assets; and
•
any obligation under a material variable interest held by the registrant in an unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit risk support to the registrant, or engages in leasing, hedging or research and development services with the registrant.
The following discussion addresses the applicable off-balance sheet items for our Company.
Derivative Instruments
See Note 11 — Financial Instruments and Commodity Contracts to our accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for a full description of derivative instruments.
Guarantees of Indebtedness
We have issued guarantees on behalf of certain of our subsidiaries. The indebtedness guaranteed is for trade accounts payable to third parties. Some of the guarantees have annual terms while others have no expiration and have termination notice requirements. Neither we nor any of our subsidiaries holds any assets of any third parties as collateral to offset the potential settlement of these guarantees. Since we consolidate wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries in our condensed consolidated financial statements, all liabilities associated with trade payables and short-term debt facilities for these entities are already included in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. 
We have guaranteed the indebtedness for a credit facility and loan on behalf of Alunorf. We have also guaranteed the payment of early retirement benefits on behalf of Alunorf.
Other Arrangements
Factoring of Trade Receivables
We factor and forfait trade receivables (collectively, we refer to these as "factoring" programs) based on local cash needs including the need to fund our strategic investments, as well as attempting to balance the timing of cash flows of trade payables and receivables, fund strategic investments, and fund other business needs. Factored invoices are not included in our condensed consolidated balance sheets when we do not retain a financial or legal interest. If a financial or legal interest is retained, we classify these factorings as secured borrowings.
Other
As part of our ongoing business, we do not participate in transactions that generate relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities (SPEs), which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. As of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, we are not involved in any unconsolidated SPE transactions.
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
We have future obligations under various contracts relating to debt and interest payments, capital and operating leases, long-term purchase obligations, postretirement benefit plans and uncertain tax positions. See Note 7 — Debt to our accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and "Contractual Obligations" in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015 for more details.

73


RETURN OF CAPITAL    
Payments to our shareholder are at the discretion of the board of directors and will depend on, among other things, our financial resources, cash flows generated by our business, our cash requirements, restrictions under the instruments governing our indebtedness, being in compliance with the appropriate indentures and covenants under the instruments that govern our indebtedness and other relevant factors.
On April 30, 2014, we made a return of capital payment to our direct shareholder, AV Metals Inc., in the amount of $250 million.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
During the six months ended September 30, 2015, there were no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates as reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015.
RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
See Note 1 — Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements for a full description of recent accounting pronouncements including the respective expected dates of adoption and expected effects on results of operations and financial condition.


74


NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
Total “Segment income” presents the sum of the results of our four operating segments on a consolidated basis. We believe that total “Segment income” is an operating performance measure that measures operating results unaffected by differences in capital structures, capital investment cycles and ages of related assets among otherwise comparable companies. In reviewing our corporate operating results, we also believe it is important to review the aggregate consolidated performance of all of our segments on the same basis we review the performance of each of our regions and to draw comparisons between periods based on the same measure of consolidated performance.
Management believes investors’ understanding of our performance is enhanced by including this non-GAAP financial measure as a reasonable basis for comparing our ongoing results of operations. Many investors are interested in understanding the performance of our business by comparing our results from ongoing operations from one period to the next and would ordinarily add back items that are not part of normal day-to-day operations of our business. By providing total “Segment income,” together with reconciliations, we believe we are enhancing investors’ understanding of our business and our results of operations, as well as assisting investors in evaluating how well we are executing strategic initiatives.
However, total “Segment income” is not a measurement of financial performance under U.S. GAAP, and our total “Segment income” may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Total “Segment income” has important limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under U.S. GAAP. For example, total “Segment income”:
•
does not reflect the company’s cash expenditures or requirements for capital expenditures or capital commitments;
•
does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, the company’s working capital needs; and
•
does not reflect any costs related to the current or future replacement of assets being depreciated and amortized.
We also use total “Segment income”:
•
as a measure of operating performance to assist us in comparing our operating performance on a consistent basis because it removes the impact of items not directly resulting from our core operations;
•
for planning purposes, including the preparation of our internal annual operating budgets and financial projections;
•
to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of our operational strategies; and
•
as a basis to calculate incentive compensation payments for our key employees.
Total “Segment income” is equivalent to our Adjusted EBITDA, which we refer to in our earnings announcements and other external presentations to analysts and investors.
"Free cash flow" consists of: (a) net cash provided by (used in) operating activities; (b) plus net cash provided by (used in) investing activities and (c) less proceeds from sales of assets, net of transaction fees and hedging. Management believes "Free cash flow" is relevant to investors as it provides a measure of the cash generated internally that is available for debt service and other value creation opportunities. However, "Free cash flow" is not a measurement of financial performance or liquidity under U.S. GAAP and does not necessarily represent cash available for discretionary activities, as certain debt service obligations must be funded out of "Free cash flow." In addition, the company's method of calculating "Free cash flow" may not be consistent with that of other companies.


75


SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND MARKET DATA
This document contains forward-looking statements that are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about the industry in which we operate, and beliefs and assumptions made by our management. Such statements include, in particular, statements about our plans, strategies and prospects. Words such as “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “seek,” “estimate” and variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Examples of forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include, but are not limited to, our expectations with respect to the impact of metal price movements on our financial performance and the effectiveness of our hedging programs and controls. These statements are based on beliefs and assumptions of Novelis’ management, which in turn are based on currently available information. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve assumptions and risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed, implied or forecasted in such forward-looking statements. We do not intend, and we disclaim any obligation, to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
This document also contains information concerning our markets and products generally, which is forward-looking in nature and is based on a variety of assumptions regarding the ways in which these markets and product categories will develop. These assumptions have been derived from information currently available to us and to the third party industry analysts quoted herein. This information includes, but is not limited to, product shipments and share of production. Actual market results may differ from those predicted. We do not know what impact any of these differences may have on our business, our results of operations, financial condition, and cash flow. Factors that could cause actual results or outcomes to differ from the results expressed or implied by forward-looking statements include, among other things:
•
relationships with, and financial and operating conditions of, our customers, suppliers and other stakeholders;
•
changes in the prices and availability of aluminum (or premiums associated with aluminum prices) or other materials and raw materials we use;
•
fluctuations in the supply of, and prices for, energy in the areas in which we maintain production facilities;
•
our ability to access financing to fund current operations and for future capital requirements;
•
the level of our indebtedness and our ability to generate cash to service our indebtedness;
•
lowering of our ratings by a credit rating agency;
•
changes in the relative values of various currencies and the effectiveness of our currency hedging activities;
•
union disputes and other employee relations issues;
•
factors affecting our operations, such as litigation (including product liability claims), environmental remediation and clean-up costs, breakdown of equipment and other events;
•
changes in general economic conditions, including deterioration in the global economy;
•
the capacity and effectiveness of our hedging activities;
•
impairment of our goodwill, other intangible assets, and long-lived assets;
•
loss of key management and other personnel, or an inability to attract such management and other personnel;
•
risks relating to future acquisitions or divestitures;
•
our inability to successfully implement our growth initiatives;
•
changes in interest rates that have the effect of increasing the amounts we pay under our senior secured credit facilities, other financing agreements and our defined benefit pension plans;
•
risks relating to certain joint ventures and subsidiaries that we do not entirely control;
•
the effect of derivatives legislation on our ability to hedge risks associated with our business;
•
competition from other aluminum rolled products producers as well as from substitute materials such as steel, glass, plastic and composite materials;
•
demand and pricing within the principal markets for our products as well as seasonality in certain of our customers’ industries;
•
economic, regulatory and political factors within the countries in which we operate or sell our products, including changes in duties or tariffs; and
•
changes in government regulations, particularly those affecting taxes and tax rates, health care reform, climate change, environmental, health or safety compliance.
The above list of factors is not exhaustive. These and other factors are discussed in more detail under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015.

76


Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We are exposed to certain market risks as part of our ongoing business operations, including risks from changes in commodity prices (primarily LME aluminum prices and natural gas), local market premiums, electricity rates, foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates that could impact our results of operations and financial condition. We manage our exposure to these and other market risks through regular operating and financing activities and derivative financial instruments. We use derivative financial instruments as risk management tools only, and not for speculative purposes.
By their nature, all derivative financial instruments involve risk, including the credit risk of non-performance by counterparties. All derivative contracts are executed with counterparties that, in our judgment, are creditworthy. Our maximum potential loss may exceed the amount recognized in the accompanying September 30, 2015 condensed consolidated balance sheet.
The decision of whether and when to execute derivative instruments, along with the duration of the instrument, can vary from period to period depending on market conditions and the relative costs of the instruments. The duration is linked to the timing of the underlying exposure, with the connection between the two being regularly monitored.
The market risks we are exposed to as part of our ongoing business operations are materially consistent with our risk exposures in the prior year, as we have not entered into any new material hedging programs.
Commodity Price Risks
We have commodity price risk with respect to purchases of certain raw materials including aluminum, electricity, natural gas and transport fuel.
Aluminum
A significant amount of our business is conducted under a conversion model, which allows us to pass through increases or decreases in the price of aluminum to our customers. Nearly all of our flat-rolled products have a price structure with three components: (i) a base aluminum price quoted off the LME; (ii) local market premiums; and (iii) a “conversion premium” to produce the rolled product which reflects, among other factors, the competitive market conditions for that product. Base aluminum prices are typically driven by macroeconomic factors and global supply and demand of aluminum. The local market premiums tend to vary based on the supply and demand for metal in a particular region and associated transportation costs.
Increases or decreases in the average price of aluminum based on the LME directly impact “Net sales,” “Cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)” and working capital. The timing of these impacts varies based on contractual arrangements with customers and metal suppliers in each region. These timing impacts are referred to as metal price lag. Metal price lag exists due to: 1) certain customer contracts containing fixed forward price commitments which result in exposure to changes in metal prices for the period of time between when our sales price fixes and the sale actually occurs, and 2) the period of time between the pricing of our purchases of metal, holding and processing the metal, and the pricing of the sale of finished inventory to our customers.
We use derivative instruments to preserve our conversion margins and manage the timing differences associated with metal price lag. We use over-the-counter derivatives indexed to the London Metals Exchange (LME) (referred to as our "aluminum derivative contracts") to reduce our exposure to fluctuating metal prices associated with the period of time between the pricing of our purchases of inventory and the pricing of the sale of that inventory to our customers. We also purchase forward LME aluminum contracts simultaneous with our sales contracts with customers that contain fixed metal prices. These LME aluminum forward contracts directly hedge the economic risk of future metal price fluctuations to ensure we sell metal for the same price at which we purchase metal.







77


Sensitivities
The following table presents the estimated potential effect on the fair values of these derivative instruments as of September 30, 2015, given a 10% increase in prices.
 
Change in
Price
 
Change in
Fair  Value
LME aluminum
10
%
 
$
(58
)
Energy
We use several sources of energy in the manufacturing and delivery of our aluminum rolled products. For the quarter ended September 30, 2015, natural gas and electricity represented approximately 98% of our energy consumption by cost. We also use fuel oil and transport fuel. The majority of energy usage occurs at our casting centers and during the hot rolling of aluminum. Prior to the smelter facilities in South America ceasing operations, our smelter operations also required a significant amount of energy. Our cold rolling facilities require relatively less energy.
We purchase our natural gas on the open market, subjecting us to market price fluctuations. We seek to stabilize our future exposure to natural gas prices through the use of forward purchase contracts.
A portion of our electricity requirements are purchased pursuant to long-term contracts in the local regions in which we operate. A number of our facilities are located in regions with regulated prices, which affords relatively stable costs. In North America, we have entered into an electricity swap to fix a portion of the cost of our electricity requirements.
Fluctuating energy costs worldwide, due to the changes in supply and demand, and international and geopolitical events, expose us to earnings volatility as changes in such costs cannot be immediately recovered under existing contracts and sales agreements, and may only be mitigated in future periods under future pricing arrangements.
Sensitivities
The following table presents the estimated potential effect on the fair values of these derivative instruments as of September 30, 2015, given a 10% decline in spot prices for energy contracts ($ in millions).
 
Change in
Price
 
Change in
Fair  Value
Electricity
(10
)%
 
$
—

Natural Gas
(10
)%
 
(2
)
Foreign Currency Exchange Risks
Exchange rate movements, particularly the Euro, the Swiss franc, the Brazilian real and the Korean won against the U.S. dollar, have an impact on our operating results. In Europe, where we have predominantly local currency selling prices and operating costs, we benefit as the Euro strengthens, but are adversely affected as the Euro weakens. In January 2015, the Swiss National Bank discontinued its policy to support a minimum exchange rate between the Euro and the Swiss franc.  Following this announcement, the Swiss franc rapidly appreciated in value.  This adversely impacted our Swiss operations, where operating costs are incurred primarily in the Swiss franc, and a large portion of revenues are denominated in the Euro. In South Korea, where we have local currency operating costs and U.S. dollar denominated selling prices for exports, we benefit as the won weakens but are adversely affected as the won strengthens. In Brazil, where we have predominately U.S. dollar selling prices and local currency operating costs, we benefit as the real weakens, but are adversely affected as the real strengthens.
It is our policy to minimize exposures from non-functional currency denominated transactions within each of our operating segments. We use foreign exchange forward contracts, options and cross-currency swaps to manage exposure arising from recorded assets and liabilities, firm commitments, and forecasted cash flows denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of certain operations, which include forecasted net sales, forecasted purchase commitments, capital expenditures and net investment in foreign subsidiaries. Our most significant non-U.S. dollar functional currency operations have the Euro and the Korean won as their functional currencies, respectively. Our Brazilian operations are U.S. dollar functional.


78


We also face translation risks related to the changes in foreign currency exchange rates which are generally not hedged. Amounts invested in these foreign operations are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a component of "Accumulated other comprehensive loss" in the Shareholder's deficit section of the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Net sales and expenses at these non-U.S. dollar functional currency entities are translated into varying amounts of U.S. dollars depending upon whether the U.S. dollar weakens or strengthens against other currencies. Therefore, changes in exchange rates may either positively or negatively affect our net sales and expenses as expressed in U.S. dollars.
Any negative impact of currency movements on the currency contracts we have entered into to hedge foreign currency commitments to purchase or sell goods and services would be offset by an approximately equal and opposite favorable exchange impact on the commitments being hedged. For a discussion of accounting policies and other information relating to currency contracts, see Note 1 - Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 11 - Financial Instruments and Commodity Contracts.
Sensitivities
The following table presents the estimated potential effect on the fair values of these derivative instruments as of September 30, 2015, given a 10% change in rates ($ in millions). 
 
Change in
Exchange  Rate
 
Change in
Fair  Value
Currency measured against the U.S. dollar
 
 
 
Brazilian real
(10
)%
 
$
(17
)
Euro
10
 %
 
(19
)
Korean won
(10
)%
 
(48
)
Canadian dollar
(10
)%
 
(4
)
British pound
(10
)%
 
(5
)
Swiss franc
(10
)%
 
(18
)
Chinese yuan
10
 %
 
(5
)

Interest Rate Risks
We use interest rate swaps to manage our exposure to changes in benchmark interest rates which impact our variable-rate debt.
Our Term Loan Facility is a floating rate obligation with a floor feature. Our interest rate paid is a spread of 3.25% plus the higher of LIBOR or 75 basis points (0.75% floor). As of September 30, 2015, this floor feature was in effect, which resulted in an interest rate of 4.00%. Due to the floor feature of the Term Loan Facility as of September 30, 2015, a 10 basis point increase or decrease in LIBOR interest rates would have had no impact on our annual pre-tax income. To be above the Term Loan Facility floor, future interest rates would have to increase by 43 basis points (bps).
From time to time, we have used interest rate swaps to manage our debt cost. As of September 30, 2015, there were no USD LIBOR based interest rate swaps outstanding.
In Korea, we periodically enter into interest rate swaps to fix the interest rate on various floating rate debt in order to manage our exposure to changes in the 3M-CD interest rate. See Note 11- Financial Instruments and Commodity Contracts for further information on the amounts outstanding as of September 30, 2015.
Sensitivities
The following table presents the estimated potential effect on the fair values of these derivative instruments as of September 30, 2015, given a 100 bps decrease in the benchmark interest rate ($ in millions).
 
Change in
Rate
 
 
Change in
Fair  Value
Interest Rate Contracts
 
 
 
 
Asia - KRW-CD-3200
(100
)
bps 
 
$
(2
)

79


Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Principal Executive Officer and the Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Any system of controls, however well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system are met.
We have carried out an evaluation, with the participation of our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Exchange Act. Based upon such evaluation, management has concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2015.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the most recently completed fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.






80



PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
We are a party to litigation incidental to our business from time to time. For additional information regarding litigation to which we are a party, see Note 16 — Commitments and Contingencies to our accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.
Item 1A. Risk Factors

See "Risk Factors" in Part I, Item 1A in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015.
Item 5. Other Information

Compensation of Interim Chief Financial Officer
On October 19, 2015, the Company announced that it had appointed Steven E. Pohl as its Interim Chief Financial Officer. On November 4, 2015, the Company's Board of Directors determined that Mr. Pohl would be eligible for a cash bonus payment in respect of his interim appointment, in an amount between $30,000 and $60,000 for up to three months of service, or between $60,000 and $120,000 for up to six months of service. The actual payment amount will be based on the length of Mr. Pohl’s service in the interim role and his performance in managing the role.

Resignation of Chief Accounting Officer
On November 9, 2015, Robert Nelson, Vice President and Controller of Novelis Inc., advised the Company of his intention to resign effective March 31, 2016.  Mr. Nelson will continue to serve as the Company’s Chief Accounting Officer until the effective date of his resignation, or until such earlier time as his successor has been appointed.  The Board of Directors is expected to appoint Stephanie Rauls to serve as Chief Accounting Officer of Novelis Inc. upon Mr. Nelson’s departure from the role.  Ms. Rauls, 46,  has served as the Company’s Vice President - Global Tax since joining Novelis in December 2013.  Prior to joining Novelis, Ms. Rauls served as Vice President, Tax of Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. from 2011 to 2013, and prior to that she was employed by GE Healthcare as a tax director from 2002 to 2011.  Ms. Rauls earned a Bachelor of Business Administration in Accounting from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and a Juris Doctor from Valparaiso University School of Law.  Ms. Rauls is a Certified Public Accountant.



81


Item 6. Exhibits
Exhibit
No.
  
Description
 
 
 
2.1

  
Arrangement Agreement by and among Hindalco Industries Limited, AV Aluminum Inc. and Novelis Inc., dated as of February 10, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 13, 2007) (File No. 001-32312))
 
 
 
3.1

  
Restated Certificate and Articles of Amalgamation of Novelis Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 10, 2010 (File No. 001-32312))
 
 
 
3.2

  
Certificate and Articles of Amalgamation of Novelis Inc., dated March 31, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on May 12, 2015 (File No. 001-32312))
 
 
 
3.3

 
Novelis Inc. Amended and Restated Bylaws, adopted as of July 24, 2008 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 25, 2008 (File No. 001-32312))

 
 
 
10.1

 
Employment Agreement between Steven Fisher and Novelis Inc., dated August 10, 2015
 
 
 
31.1

  
Section 302 Certification of Principal Executive Officer
 
 
 
31.2

 
Section 302 Certification of Principal Financial Officer
 
 
 
32.1

  
Section 906 Certification of Principal Executive Officer
 
 
 
32.2

 
Section 906 Certification of Principal Financial Officer
 
 
 
101.INS

  
XBRL Instance Document
 
 
 
101.SCH

  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
 
 
101.CAL

  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
 
 
 
101.DEF

  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
 
 
 
101.LAB

  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
 
 
 
101.PRE

  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase


82


SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
NOVELIS INC.
 
 
 
By:
 
/s/ Steven E. Pohl
 
 
 
Steven E. Pohl
 
 
 
Interim Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
(Principal Financial Officer and Authorized Officer)
 
 
 
 
 
By:
 
/s/ Robert P. Nelson
 
 
 
Robert P. Nelson
 
 
 
Vice President Finance — Controller
 
 
 
(Principal Accounting Officer)
Date: November 9, 2015


83


EXHIBIT INDEX
 
Exhibit
No.
  
Description
 
 
 
2.1

  
Arrangement Agreement by and among Hindalco Industries Limited, AV Aluminum Inc. and Novelis Inc., dated as of February 10, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 13, 2007) (File No. 001-32312))
 
 
 
3.1

  
Restated Certificate and Articles of Amalgamation of Novelis Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 10, 2010 (File No. 001-32312))
 
 
 
3.2

  
Certificate and Articles of Amalgamation of Novelis Inc., dated March 31, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on May 12, 2015 (File No. 001-32312))

 
 
 
3.3

 
Novelis Inc. Amended and Restated Bylaws, adopted as of July 24, 2008 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 25, 2008 (File No. 001-32312))

 
 
 
10.1

 
Employment Agreement between Steven Fisher and Novelis Inc., dated August 10, 2015
 
 
 
31.1

  
Section 302 Certification of Principal Executive Officer
 
 
 
31.2

 
Section 302 Certification of Principal Financial Officer
 
 
 
32.1

  
Section 906 Certification of Principal Executive Officer
 
 
 
32.2

 
Section 906 Certification of Principal Executive Officer

 
 
 
101.INS

  
XBRL Instance Document
 
 
 
101.SCH

  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
 
 
101.CAL

  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
 
 
 
101.DEF

  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
 
 
 
101.LAB

  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
 
 
 
101.PRE

  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase


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