10-K 1 b68152bfe10vk.htm BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. e10vk
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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
 
 
Form 10-K
 
 
     
þ
  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
    For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2007.
o
  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
    For the transition period from          to          .
 
Commission File Number 000-51194
Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)
 
     
Massachusetts   04-3336598
(State of incorporation)   (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
P.O. Box 309
58 Main Street
Franklin, Massachusetts 02038-0309
(508) 528-7000
(Address and telephone number of principal executive offices)
 
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:
 
     
Title of Each Class
 
Name of Each Exchange on which Registered
 
Common Stock, no par value   NASDAQ Global Select Market
 
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT:
None
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes o     No þ
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.  Yes o     No þ
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes þ     No o
 
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
 
             
Large accelerated filer o
  Accelerated filer þ   Non-accelerated filer o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
  Smaller reporting company o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes o     No þ
 
As of June 30, 2007, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $93,746,600 based on the closing sale price as reported on the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System National Market System.
 
Shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock (no par value) at March 15, 2008: 7,670,572.
 
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
 
Portions of the Proxy Statement for the annual meeting of stockholders to be held on May 8, 2008, which is expected to be filed not later than 120 days after the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, are incorporated by reference into Part III of Form 10-K.
 


 

 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
                 
       
Page
 
            2  
      Business     2  
        General     2  
        Market Area and Competition     2  
        Lending Activities     4  
        Asset Quality     13  
        Investment Activities     19  
        Sources of Funds     22  
        Employees     25  
        Subsidiary Activities     25  
        Regulation and Supervision     26  
        Forward-Looking Statements     34  
      Risk Factors     35  
      Unresolved Staff Comments     38  
      Properties     39  
      Legal Proceedings     39  
      Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders     39  
  PART II.           40  
      Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities     40  
      Selected Financial Data     43  
      Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations     45  
      Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk     62  
      Financial Statements and Supplementary Data     66  
      Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure     67  
      Controls and Procedures     66  
      Other Information     69  
  PART III.           69  
      Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance     69  
      Executive Compensation     69  
      Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters     69  
      Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence     69  
      Principal Accountant Fees and Services     69  
  PART IV           69  
      Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules     69  
 Ex-23.1 Consent of Wolf & Company, P.C.
 Ex-31.1 Section 302 Certification of CEO
 Ex-31.2 Section 302 Certification of CFO
 Ex-32.1 Section 906 Certification of CEO
 Ex-32.2 Section 906 Certification of CFO


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PART I
 
Item 1.   Business
 
General
 
Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) was organized in 1996 as a mutual holding company in connection with Benjamin Franklin Bank’s reorganization into the mutual holding company form of organization. Benjamin Franklin Bancorp is registered with the Federal Reserve Board as a bank holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act. On April 4, 2005, the Company completed its mutual-to-stock conversion and related stock offering, and the acquisition of Chart Bank, a $260.7 million-asset bank with three offices in Middlesex County. Since the formation of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, it has owned 100% of Benjamin Franklin Bank’s outstanding capital stock. At December 31, 2007, Benjamin Franklin Bancorp had total assets of $903.3 million and total deposits of $617.4 million.
 
Benjamin Franklin Bank (the “Bank”) is a full-service, community-oriented financial institution offering products and services to individuals, families and businesses through eleven offices located in Norfolk, Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts. Benjamin Franklin Bank was originally organized as a Massachusetts state-charted mutual savings bank in 1871. In 1996, it became a Massachusetts-chartered savings bank in stock form upon the formation of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp as its mutual holding company.
 
We may refer to Benjamin Franklin Bancorp and Benjamin Franklin Bank together as “Benjamin Franklin” since the financial condition and results of operation of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp closely reflect the financial condition and results of operation of its sole operating subsidiary, Benjamin Franklin Bank. Benjamin Franklin Bank’s business consists primarily of making loans to its customers, including commercial real estate loans, construction loans, commercial business loans, residential mortgages and consumer loans, and investing in a variety of investment and mortgage-backed securities. Benjamin Franklin Bank funds these lending and investment activities with deposits from the general public, funds generated from operations and selected borrowings. The Bank also provides non-deposit investment products to customers.
 
The Company’s principal website is www.benfranklinbank.com. Annual, quarterly and current reports, and amendments to those reports, are available free of charge on www.benfranklinbank.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission. Reports of beneficial ownership of the Company’s common stock, and changes in that ownership, by directors and officers on Forms 3, 4 and 5 are also available free of charge on our website. The information on the website is not incorporated by reference in this annual report on Form 10-K or in any other report, schedule, notice or registration statement filed with or submitted to the SEC. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically at www.sec.gov. You may also read and copy the materials filed with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, NW., Washington, DC 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.
 
Market Area and Competition
 
The Company offers a variety of financial products and services designed to meet the needs of the communities it serves. Benjamin Franklin’s primary deposit-gathering area is concentrated west and southwest of Boston in the communities in which its eleven banking offices are located — specifically in the towns of Franklin, Foxborough, Bellingham, Milford, Medfield, Waltham, Watertown, Wellesley and Newton — and in contiguous communities in Norfolk, Middlesex and Worcester Counties. The Company’s lending area is broader than its deposit-gathering area and includes all of Massachusetts and northern Rhode Island, although most of the Company’s loans are made to customers located in its primary deposit-gathering market area.
 
The Company is headquartered in Franklin, Massachusetts, located 41 miles southwest of Boston. Six of the Benjamin Franklin Bank offices are located in Norfolk County, one office is located just across the county border in the town of Milford, in Worcester County, and four offices are located in Middlesex County. The counties in which Benjamin Franklin Bank currently operates include a mixture of rural, suburban and urban


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markets. The economies of these areas were historically based on manufacturing, but similar to many areas of the country, have now evolved into more service-oriented economies with employment in most large economic sectors including wholesale/retail trade, service, manufacturing, finance, real estate and government. A large portion of Norfolk and Middlesex County residents work in other nearby areas, including the City of Boston and the greater Boston area. There is also significant employment located along the I-495 and I-95 corridors, which run directly through Benjamin Franklin Bank’s market areas in Norfolk and Middlesex counties, respectively. Certain key economic statistics for the counties in which the Bank operates are:
 
                         
    Per
             
    Capita
    Median Household
    Unemployment
 
    Income(1)     Income(2)     Rate(3)  
 
Norfolk County
  $ 53,278     $ 80,500       3.4 %
Middlesex County
    51,869       80,500       3.2 %
Worcester County
    36,851       72,800       4.5 %
Massachusetts
    43,501       75,700       4.3 %
United States
    34,471       59,000       5.0 %
 
 
(1) Bureau of Economic Analysis, as of April 2007.
 
(2) Housing and Urban Development and U.S. Census Bureau, 2007.
 
(3) Mass. Department of Labor and Workforce Development, December 2007.
 
In 2007, the Massachusetts economy grew at a rate of 4.3%, which compares favorably with the country as a whole, which had growth of 2.4% in 20071. However, forecasters have projected a slowdown in 2008 in Massachusetts2, directly related to the impact of the declining housing market and ramifications of the sub-prime mortgage situation, which has led to an increase in loan delinquency and foreclosure activity in Massachusetts. Home prices in the state have declined by 1.9% in the past year3, and estimates are that the total housing price decline in Massachusetts will approximate 10%, from peak to trough4. A turnaround is forecast by economists starting in 2009, with 2.1% annual housing price increases predicted for the years 2009 — 20115. Employment trends in the state have been favorable over the past year, as the unemployment rate in has declined to 4.3% at December 31, 2007 from 4.8% at year end 20066. The annual average rate of growth in employment over the next 5 years is expected to average a modest 0.6% annually7.
 
The Company faces substantial competition in its efforts to originate loans and attract deposits and other fee-based business. Direct competition exists from a significant number of financial institutions, many with a state-wide, regional or national presence. Many of these financial institutions are significantly larger and have greater financial resources than Benjamin Franklin Bank.
 
 
1 Federal Reserve Bank of Boston (“FRBB”), Economic Activity Index.
 
2 New England Economic Partnership (‘‘NEEP”).
 
3 Warren Group.
 
4 NEEP.
 
5 FRBB.
 
6 Mass. Department of Labor and Workforce Development.
 
7 FRBB.


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Lending Activities
 
General.  Benjamin Franklin Bank’s gross loan portfolio aggregated $612.7 million at December 31, 2007, representing 67.8% of total assets at that date. In its lending activities, Benjamin Franklin Bank originates commercial real estate loans, commercial and residential construction loans, commercial business loans, residential real estate loans secured by one-to-four-family residences, home equity lines-of-credit, fixed rate home equity loans, and other personal consumer loans. While Benjamin Franklin Bank makes loans throughout Massachusetts and northern Rhode Island, most of its lending activities are concentrated in its market area. Loans originated totaled $269.2 million in 2007 and $207.7 million in 2006. Residential mortgage loans originated for sale in the secondary market totaled $54.1 million and $33.2 million during those same periods.
 
Loans originated by Benjamin Franklin Bank are subject to federal and state laws and regulations. Interest rates charged by the Bank on its loans are influenced by the demand for such loans, the amount and cost of funding available for lending purposes, current asset/liability management objectives and the interest rates offered by competitors.


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The following table summarizes the composition of Benjamin Franklin Bank’s loan portfolio as of the dates indicated:
 
                                                                                 
    At December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005     2004     2003  
    Amount     Percent     Amount     Percent     Amount     Percent     Amount     Percent     Amount     Percent  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Mortgage loans on real estate:
                                                                               
Residential
  $ 187,991       30.73%     $ 275,861 (1)     42.79%     $ 286,204       46.95%     $ 241,090       62.56%     $ 172,123       59.22%  
Commercial
    168,463       27.54%       159,188       24.69%       159,504       26.17%       65,176       16.91%       49,781       17.13%  
Construction
    55,763       9.11%       68,877       10.68%       60,399       9.91%       28,651       7.43%       23,936       8.23%  
Home equity
    37,768       6.17%       36,546       5.67%       32,419       5.32%       23,199       6.02%       18,171       6.25%  
                                                                                 
      449,985       73.55%       540,472       83.84%       538,526       88.34%       358,116       92.92%       264,011       90.83%  
                                                                                 
Other loans:
                                                                               
Commercial
    159,233       26.03%       101,055       15.68%       68,667       11.26%       25,110       6.52%       24,430       8.42%  
Consumer
    2,592       0.42%       3,110       0.48%       2,395       0.39%       2,170       0.56%       2,219       0.76%  
                                                                                 
      161,825       26.45%       104,165       16.16%       71,062       11.66%       27,280       7.08%       26,649       9.17%  
                                                                                 
Total loans
    611,810       100.00%       644,637       100.00%       609,588       100.00%       385,396       100.00%       290,660       100.00%  
                                                                                 
Other items:
                                                                               
Net deferred loan origination costs
    925               913               1,214               1,149               725          
Allowance for loan losses
    (5,789 )             (5,337 )             (5,212 )             (2,874 )             (2,395 )        
                                                                                 
Total loans, net
  $ 606,946             $ 640,213             $ 605,590             $ 383,671             $ 288,990          
                                                                                 
 
 
(1) Includes $63.7 million of loans held for sale


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Commercial Real Estate Loans.  Benjamin Franklin Bank originated $51.3 million and $46.0 million of commercial real estate loans in 2007 and 2006, respectively, and had $168.5 million of commercial real estate loans, with an average yield of 6.81%, in its portfolio as of December 31, 2007. The Bank has placed increasing emphasis on commercial real estate lending over the past several years, and as a result such loans have grown from 16.9% of the total loan portfolio at December 31, 2004 to 27.5% as of December 31, 2007. Benjamin Franklin Bank intends to further grow this segment of its loan portfolio, both in absolute terms and as a percentage of its total loan portfolio.
 
Benjamin Franklin Bank generally originates commercial real estate loans for terms of up to 25 years, typically with interest rates that adjust over periods of one to seven years based on various rate indices. Commercial real estate loans are generally secured by multi-family income properties, small office buildings, retail facilities, warehouses and industrial properties. Generally, commercial real estate loans do not exceed 80.0% of the appraised value of the underlying collateral.
 
As part of its commercial real estate lending activities, the Bank originates loans under the Small Business Administration’s (“SBA”) 504 Loan Program, a fixed asset financing program for expanding businesses. In a typical financing under this program, the Bank lends 50% of project value, with a first lien on loan collateral, and the SBA lends up to 40%, with a second lien on collateral. The Bank also originates loans guaranteed by the United States Department of Agriculture’s Rural Development Program (“USDA — RD”). The portion of the loan guaranteed under USDA-RD is typically 80-90% of principal and interest due. At December 31, 2007, the Bank had $25.0 million and $5.2 million in loans outstanding under the SBA 504 and USDA-RD programs, respectively.
 
In its evaluation of a commercial real estate loan application, Benjamin Franklin Bank considers the net operating income of the borrower’s business, the borrower’s expertise, credit history, and the profitability and value of the underlying property. In addition, for loans secured by rental properties, Benjamin Franklin Bank will also consider the terms of the leases and the quality of the tenants. Benjamin Franklin Bank generally requires that the properties securing these loans have debt service coverage ratios (the ratio of cash flow before debt service to debt service) of at least 1.20x. Benjamin Franklin Bank generally requires the borrowers seeking commercial real estate loans to personally guarantee those loans.
 
Commercial real estate loans generally have larger balances and involve a greater degree of risk than residential mortgage loans. Loan repayment is often dependent on the successful operation and management of the properties, as well as on the collateral value of the commercial real estate securing the loan. Economic events and changes in government regulations could have an adverse impact on the cash flows generated by properties securing Benjamin Franklin Bank’s commercial real estate loans and on the value of such properties. See “Risk Factors — Our Commercial Real Estate, Construction and Commercial Business Loans May Expose Us To Increased Credit Risks.”
 
Construction Loans.  Benjamin Franklin Bank originates land acquisition, development and construction loans to builders and developers, as well as loans to individuals to finance the construction of residential dwellings for personal use. Benjamin Franklin Bank originated $50.4 million and $46.4 million in construction loans during 2007 and 2006, respectively, and as of December 31, 2007 had $55.8 million in construction loans in its portfolio, representing 9.1% of total loans, with an average yield of 7.38%. Acquisition loans help finance the purchase of land intended for further development, including single family houses and condominiums, multi-family houses and commercial income property. In some cases, Benjamin Franklin Bank makes an acquisition loan before the borrower has received approval to develop the land as planned. In general, the maximum loan-to-value ratio for a land acquisition loan is 75.0% of the lower of the cost or appraised value of the property. Benjamin Franklin Bank also makes development loans to builders in its market area to finance improvements to real estate, consisting mostly of single-family subdivisions, typically to finance the cost of utilities, roads, waste treatment and other costs. Builders typically rely on the sale of single-family homes to repay development loans, although in some cases the improved building lots may be sold to another builder. The maximum amount loaned is generally limited to the cost of the improvements, not to exceed 80.0% of the appraised value, as completed. Advances are made in accordance with a schedule reflecting the cost of the improvements.


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Benjamin Franklin Bank also grants construction loans to area builders, often in conjunction with the development loans. In the case of residential subdivisions, these loans finance the cost of completing homes on the improved property. Advances on construction loans are made in accordance with a schedule reflecting the cost of construction. The maximum amount of the loan is generally limited to the lower of 80.0% of the appraised value of the property, as completed, or the property’s cost of construction. For construction loans on residential units being constructed without a pre-sale agreement, the loan amount is generally limited to 75.0% of the appraised value of the property, as completed. Repayment of construction loans on residential subdivisions is normally expected from the sale of units to individual purchasers. In the case of income-producing property, repayment is usually expected from permanent financing upon completion of construction. Benjamin Franklin Bank commits to provide the permanent mortgage financing on most of its construction loans on income-producing property.
 
For owner-occupied, one-to-four family properties, Benjamin Franklin Bank will lend up to 95.0% of the lesser of appraised value upon completion of construction or the cost of construction, provided that private mortgage insurance coverage is obtained for any loan with a loan-to-value or loan-to-cost in excess of 80.0%.
 
Land acquisition, development and construction lending exposes Benjamin Franklin Bank to greater credit risk than residential mortgage lending to owner occupants. The repayment of these loans depends on the sale of the property to third parties or the availability of permanent financing upon completion of all improvements, and on the business and financial condition of the borrowers. In the event Benjamin Franklin Bank makes an acquisition loan on property that is not yet approved for the planned development, there is the risk that approvals will not be granted or will be delayed. Development and construction loans also expose Benjamin Franklin Bank to the risk that improvements will not be completed on time in accordance with specifications and projected costs. In addition, the ultimate sale or rental of the property may not occur as anticipated. These events, as well as economic events and changes in government regulations could have an adverse impact on the value of properties securing construction loans and on the borrowers’ ability to repay. See “Risk Factors — Our Commercial Real Estate, Construction and Commercial Business Loans May Expose Us To Increased Credit Risks.”
 
Commercial Business Loans.  Benjamin Franklin Bank originates secured and unsecured commercial business loans to business customers in its market area for the purpose of financing real estate and equipment purchases, working capital, expansion and other general business purposes. In 2007, and for all earlier years presented, the Company reclassified owner-occupied commercial real estate loans as commercial business loans, since the primary source of repayment for such loans is the cash flow of the commercial business customer. Benjamin Franklin Bank originated $71.9 million and $42.0 million in commercial business loans during 2007 and 2006, respectively, and as of December 31, 2007 had $159.2 million in commercial business loans in its portfolio, representing 26.0% of total loans, with an average yield of 7.02%. Benjamin Franklin Bank intends to grow this segment of its lending business in the future.
 
Benjamin Franklin Bank’s commercial business loans are generally collateralized by real estate, equipment, accounts receivable and inventory, and supported by personal guarantees. Benjamin Franklin Bank offers owner-occupied commercial real estate, term and revolving commercial loans. Owner-occupied commercial real estate loans are typically written for terms of up to 25 years, with interest rates that adjust over periods of one to seven years based on various rate indices. Term loans have either fixed or adjustable-rates of interest and generally fully amortize over a term of between three and seven years. Revolving loans are written for a one-year term, renewable annually, with floating interest rates that are indexed to Benjamin Franklin Bank’s prime rate of interest.
 
As part of its commercial business lending activities, the Bank originates loans under the SBA 7(a) loan program, which provides assistance to small business to obtain financing for a variety of purposes. The 7(a) Program guarantees commercial lending institutions up to eighty-five percent (85%) for loans under $150,000 and up to seventy-five percent (75%) for loans over this amount. At December 31, 2007, the Bank had $6.3 million of loans outstanding under the SBA 7(a) program.
 
When making commercial business loans, Benjamin Franklin Bank considers the financial statements of the borrower, the borrower’s payment history with respect to both corporate and personal debt, the debt


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service capabilities of the borrower, the projected cash flows of the business, the viability of the industry in which the borrower operates, the strength of personal guarantees, the value of any other guarantees (such as those provided by the SBA) and the value of the collateral. Benjamin Franklin Bank’s commercial business loans are not concentrated in any one industry.
 
Commercial business loans generally bear higher interest rates than residential mortgage loans of like duration because they involve a higher risk of default since their repayment is generally dependent on the successful operation of the borrower’s business and the sufficiency of collateral, if any. Because commercial business loans often depend on the successful operation or management of the business, repayment of such loans may be affected by adverse changes in the economy. Further, non-real estate collateral securing such loans may depreciate in value over time, may be difficult to appraise and to liquidate, and may fluctuate in value. See “Risk Factors — Our Commercial Real Estate, Construction and Commercial Business Loans May Expose Us To Increased Credit Risks.”
 
Residential Real Estate Loans.  Benjamin Franklin Bank offers fixed-rate and adjustable-rate mortgage loans on one-to-four family residential properties with maturities of up to 30 years and maximum loan amounts generally of up to $1.5 million. As of December 31, 2007, this portfolio totaled $188.0 million, or 30.7% of the total gross loan portfolio on that date, and had an average yield of 5.47%. Of the residential mortgage loans outstanding on that date, 57.1% or $107.3 million were adjustable-rate loans with an average yield of 5.46% and 42.9% or $80.7 million were fixed-rate mortgage loans with an average yield of 5.47%.
 
The Bank offers monthly and bi-weekly payment plans for its fixed rate residential mortgage loans, with maturities generally ranging between 10 and 30 years. At December 31, 2007, 15 and 30 year fixed rate monthly payment loans held in portfolio totaled $22.9 million, or 12.2% of total residential real estate mortgage loans at that date, and bi-weekly residential mortgage loans held in portfolio totaled $57.8 million, or 30.7% of total residential mortgage loans on that date.
 
Residential mortgage loan originations totaled $75.4 million and $53.0 million for 2007 and 2006, respectively. Substantially all of the real estate loans originated by the Bank are secured by real estate located in the Bank’s primary lending area, reflecting a commitment to serve the credit needs of the local communities in which it operates. The $22.4 million increase in volume from 2006 to 2007 can partially be attributed to a decline in market interest rates late in 2007. Loan origination volumes are highly sensitive to the interest rate environment, and decreases in market interest rates late in 2007 created greater demand for mortgage refinancing.
 
The Bank’s residential real estate loans are generally originated in compliance with terms, conditions and documentation that permit the sale of such loans to the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”), the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), and other investors in the secondary market. Loan sales into the secondary market provide funds for additional lending and other banking activities, and have generated servicing and other fee income for the Bank. The Bank may sell the servicing on many of its sold loans for a servicing released premium, simultaneous with the sale of the loan, or choose to retain the servicing on the loan for an ongoing fee. In 2007, the Bank sold $54.1 million, or 71.7%, of its total residential mortgage origination volume, generating net gains of $680,000. In addition, the Bank completed a bulk loan sale in February 2007 for $62.1 million of residential mortgage loans that were originated in prior years; the loss associated with this sale was wholly incurred in 2006 when the loans were designated as held for sale.
 
The decision to originate loans for portfolio or for sale in the secondary market is made by the Bank’s Asset/Liability Management Committee, and is based on the organization’s interest rate risk profile and assessment of potential returns. The Committee also determines whether to retain or release the servicing when it sells loans. In 2006 and 2007, the Company sold most fixed-rate residential mortgage loans originations. In late 2007, spreads widened (compared to funding costs) for both conforming and jumbo residential fixed-rate loans, and as a result, the Company is currently holding much of its recent fixed-rate production in portfolio. This practice is expected to increase net interest income over time, but will have the more immediate effect of reducing gains realized on loans sold. Loans sold to FHLMC and FNMA on a


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servicing retained basis earn an annual fee equal to 0.25% of the loan amounts outstanding for providing these services. The total of loans serviced for others as of December 31, 2007 was $162.6 million.
 
In 2006, the Bank obtained all regulatory approvals and began actively originating reverse mortgage loans for its customers in 2007. The Bank sells all of these originations on a servicing released basis to a third party. Of the $75.4 million in originations and $54.1 million in sales (excluding the bulk loan sale) during 2007, $10.8 million of each represented reverse mortgage loans. Gains from these sales, included in gains on loans sold, totaled $234,000 for the year 2007.
 
The adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM) loans offered by Benjamin Franklin Bank make up the largest portion of the residential mortgage loans held in portfolio. At December 31, 2007, ARM loans totaled $107.3 million or 57.1% of total residential mortgage loans outstanding at that date. ARMs are offered for terms of up to 30 years with initial interest rates that are fixed for 1, 3, 5, 7 or 10 years. After the initial fixed-rate period, the interest rates on the loans are reset based on the relevant U.S. Treasury CMT (Constant Maturity Treasury) Index plus add-on margins of varying amounts, for periods of 1, 3 or 5, 7 or 10 years. Interest rate adjustments on such loans are typically limited to no more than 2.0% during any adjustment period and 6.0% over the life of the loan. This feature of ARM loans that allows for periodic adjustments in the interest rate charged helps to reduce Benjamin Franklin Bank’s exposure to changes in interest rates. However, ARM loans may possess an element of credit risk not inherent in fixed-rate mortgage loans, in that borrowers are potentially exposed to increases in debt service requirements over the life of the loan in the event market interest rates rise. Higher payments may increase the risk of default, though this risk has not had a material adverse effect on Benjamin Franklin Bank to date.
 
In its residential mortgage loan originations, Benjamin Franklin Bank lends up to a maximum loan-to-value ratio of 100.0% on mortgage loans secured by owner-occupied property, with the condition that private mortgage insurance is required for loans with a loan-to-value ratio in excess of 80.0%. Title insurance, hazard insurance and, if appropriate, flood insurance are required for all properties securing real estate loans made by the Bank. A licensed appraiser appraises all properties securing residential first mortgage loans. At December 31, 2007, the weighted average loan-to-value ratio for the residential mortgage portfolio is 51.5%, based on appraised value at date of loan origination.
 
In an effort to provide financing for low and moderate-income first-time home buyers, Benjamin Franklin Bank originates and services residential mortgage loans with private mortgage insurance provided by the Mortgage Insurance Fund (MIF) of the Massachusetts Housing Finance Agency, known as MassHousing. The program provides mortgage payment protection as an enhancement to mortgage insurance coverage. This no-cost benefit, known as ’MI Plus’, provides up to six monthly principal and interest payments in the event of a borrower’s job loss.
 
Home Equity Lines-of-Credit and Loans.  Benjamin Franklin Bank offers home equity term loans and home equity lines-of-credit. Home equity loans and lines may be made as a fixed-rate term loan or under a variable-rate revolving line of credit secured by a second mortgage on one-to-four family owner occupied properties. Benjamin Franklin Bank originated $18.5 million and $17.2 million of home equity loans and lines-of-credit during 2007 and 2006, respectively, and at December 31, 2007 had $37.8 million of home equity loans and lines-of-credit outstanding, representing 6.2% of the total loan portfolio, with an average yield of 6.89% at that date. At December 31, 2007, $15.0 million, or 39.7%, of the home equity portfolio were term loans and $22.8 million, or 60.3% were lines-of-credit.
 
Home equity lines-of-credit and loans are made in amounts such that the combined first and second mortgage balances do not exceed 80.0% of the value of the property serving as collateral. Home equity loans and lines are underwritten in accordance with the Bank’s loan policy, including underwriting factors such as credit score, loan to value ratio, employment history and debt to income ratio. Lines-of-credit are available to be drawn upon for 10 years, at the end of which time they become term loans amortized over 10 years. Interest rates on home equity lines normally adjust based on Benjamin Franklin Bank’s prime rate of interest. The undrawn portion of home equity lines-of-credit totaled $42.7 million at December 31, 2007.


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Consumer and Other Loans.  Benjamin Franklin Bank offers a variety of consumer and other loans, including auto loans and loans secured by passbook savings or certificate accounts. The Bank originated $1.7 million and $3.2 million of consumer and other loans during 2007 and 2006, respectively, and at December 31, 2007 had $2.6 million of consumer and other loans outstanding, representing 0.4% of the total loan portfolio at that date, with an average yield of 8.44%.
 
Loan Origination and Underwriting.  Loan originations come from a variety of sources. The primary source of originations are the Bank’s salaried and commissioned loan personnel, and to a lesser extent, local mortgage brokers, advertising and referrals from customers. From time to time Benjamin Franklin Bank purchases adjustable-rate residential mortgages from mortgage correspondents in the greater Boston area and nationally with whom the Bank has established relationships. Benjamin Franklin Bank also occasionally purchases participation interests in commercial real estate loans from banks located in the Boston area. Benjamin Franklin Bank underwrites such residential and commercial purchased loans using its own underwriting criteria.
 
Benjamin Franklin Bank issues loan commitments to prospective borrowers conditioned on the occurrence of certain events. Commitments are made in writing on specified terms and conditions and are generally honored for up to 60 days for residential mortgage loans and 120 days for commercial loans. At December 31, 2007, Benjamin Franklin Bank had loan commitments and unadvanced loans and lines-of-credit totaling $116.4 million. For information about Benjamin Franklin Bank’s loan commitments outstanding as of December 31, 2007, see Item 7A — “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk — Management of Liquidity Risk”.
 
Benjamin Franklin Bank charges origination fees, or points, and collects fees to cover the costs of appraisals and credit reports on most residential mortgage loans originated. The Bank also collects late charges on its loans, and origination fees and prepayment penalties on commercial mortgage loans. For information regarding Benjamin Franklin Bank’s recognition of loan fees and costs, please refer to Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp beginning on page F- 7.


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The following table sets forth certain information concerning Benjamin Franklin Bank’s portfolio loan originations, inclusive of loan purchases:
 
                                         
    For the Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005     2004     2003  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Loans, including loans held for sale, at beginning of year
  $ 644,637     $ 609,588     $ 385,396     $ 290,660     $ 263,662  
                                         
Originations:
                                       
Mortgage loans on real estate:
                                       
Residential
    75,378       52,965       61,132       116,866       183,263  
Commercial
    51,307       45,994       67,701       23,230       23,168  
Construction
    50,407       46,361       49,376       43,661       16,176  
Home equity
    18,474       17,221       17,990       15,947       17,115  
                                         
      195,566       162,541       196,199       199,705       239,723  
Other loans:
                                       
Commercial
    71,903       41,962       25,740       6,276       5,521  
Consumer
    1,708       3,186       1,993       1,659       1,625  
                                         
      73,611       45,148       27,733       7,934       7,146  
                                         
Total loans originated
    269,176       207,690       223,932       207,638       246,869  
Loans acquired through acquisition of Chart Bank
                185,847              
Purchases of mortgage loans
          16,118             34,207       26,546  
                                         
Deduct:
                                       
Principal loan repayments and prepayments
    185,540       153,041       162,348       115,907       149,623  
Loan sales
    116,200       33,205       23,160       31,185       96,256  
Charge-offs
    263       152       79       17       537  
Writedown on transfer of loans to held for sale
          2,361                    
                                         
Total deductions
    302,003       188,759       185,587       147,109       246,416  
                                         
Net increase (decrease) in loans
    (32,827 )     35,049       224,192       94,736       26,998  
                                         
Loans, including loans held for sale, at end of year
  $ 611,810     $ 644,637     $ 609,588     $ 385,396     $ 290,660  
                                         
 
The Bank’s residential loan underwriters underwrite residential mortgage loans. Conforming loans sold in the secondary market require the approval of the Senior Underwriting Officer. Residential mortgage loans of less than $1,750,000 to be held in portfolio require the approval of the Senior Vice President, Senior Loan Officer or the Vice President, Senior Retail Lending & Loan Operations Officer. The Senior Underwriting Officer can approve residential loans held in portfolio up to $500,000. Residential mortgage loans greater than $1,750,000 require the approval of the Executive Committee of the Board of Directors.
 
Most commercial real estate, construction and commercial business loans are underwritten by commercial credit analysts. The only exceptions to this practice are loans originated under the Company’s credit-scoring program, which provides loan approvals of up to $250,000 using an automated analysis model. For all other commercial real estate loans (including loans on owner-occupied commercial real estate), loan officers may approve loans up to $100,000, while loans up to $500,000 may be approved by the Senior Loan Officer. Commercial real estate loans of up to $1,750,000 may be approved by the Management Credit Committee. For commercial business loans (other than loans on owner-occupied commercial real estate), individual loan


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officer authority is limited to $75,000 ($25,000 for unsecured loans). The Senior Loan Officer may approve commercial business loans of up to $350,000 ($50,000 if unsecured), while the Management Credit Committee may approve loans of up to $1,750,000. Loans over these limits require the approval of the Executive Committee of the Board of Directors.
 
The Bank’s consumer loan underwriters underwrite consumer loans. Loan officers and branch managers have approval authorities up to $25,000 ($3,500 to $10,000 if unsecured) for these loans. The Senior Underwriting Officer has authority up to $300,000 ($20,000 if unsecured). The Senior Retail Lending & Loan Operations Officer may approve consumer loans of up to $500,000 ($25,000 if unsecured) while the Management Credit Committee may approve loans of up to $1,750,000. All consumer loans in excess of these limits require the approval of the Executive Committee of the Board of Directors.
 
Pursuant to its loan policy, Benjamin Franklin Bank generally will not make loans aggregating more than $10.0 million to one borrower (or related entity). Exceptions to this guideline require the approval of the Executive Committee of the Board of Directors prior to loan origination. As of December 31, 2007, Benjamin Franklin had 3 borrower relationships in excess of this policy guideline. One is a $14.0 million owner-occupied commercial real estate loan, secured primarily by real estate located in Boston, Massachusetts. The second is a construction loan, consisting of two components: (a) $5.2 million for construction of investment commercial real estate ($3.1 million as yet unfunded), and (b) $7.8 million for the development of a 42 unit residential development in Norfolk, MA ($1.8 million unfunded). The third is a construction loan on a 91 unit residential development in Grafton, MA, with $6.3 million outstanding, and $3.8 million in an unfunded commitment. The unfunded commitment for this loan is for the development of future project phases. For each of these construction loans, the ability of the borrower to draw on unfunded commitment amounts is dependent upon a number of factors, which may include the completion and sale of existing project phase(s) and the receipt of a specified number of pre-sales for new phases. All of these loans are performing in accordance with their original terms. Benjamin Franklin Bank’s internal lending limit is lower than the Massachusetts legal lending limit, which is 20.0% of a bank’s surplus and capital stock accounts, or $20.0 million for Benjamin Franklin Bank as of December 31, 2007.
 
Benjamin Franklin Bank has established a risk rating system for its commercial real estate, construction and commercial loans. This system evaluates a number of factors useful in indicating the risk of default and risk of loss associated with a loan. These ratings are performed by commercial credit analysts who do not have responsibility for loan originations. See “— Asset Quality — Classification of Assets and Loan Review.”
 
Loan Maturity.  The following table summarizes the scheduled repayments of Benjamin Franklin Bank’s loan portfolio at December 31, 2007. Demand loans, loans having no stated repayment schedule, and overdraft loans are reported as being due in less than one year:
 
                                                 
    Residential Mortgage     Commercial Mortgage     Construction  
          Weighted
          Weighted
          Weighted
 
          Average
          Average
          Average
 
    Amount     Rate     Amount     Rate     Amount     Rate  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Due less than one year
  $ 9,862       5.28 %   $ 17,349       6.91 %   $ 24,579       7.66 %
Due after one year to five years
    38,079       5.24 %     35,655       6.81 %     19,745       7.35 %
Due after five years
    140,050       5.54 %     115,459       6.79 %     11,439       6.82 %
                                                 
Total
  $ 187,991       5.47 %   $ 168,463       6.81 %   $ 55,763       7.38 %
                                                 
 


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    Commercial Business     Consumer     Total  
          Weighted
          Weighted
          Weighted
 
          Average
          Average
          Average
 
    Amount     Rate     Amount     Rate     Amount     Rate  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Due less than one year
  $ 27,694       7.64 %   $ 8,770       7.46 %   $ 88,254       7.22 %
Due after one year to five years
    31,128       7.03 %     5,853       6.57 %     130,460       6.48 %
Due after five years
    100,411       6.84 %     25,737       6.93 %     393,096       6.37 %
                                                 
Total
  $ 159,233       7.02 %   $ 40,360       6.99 %   $ 611,810       6.52 %
                                                 
 
The following table sets forth, at December 31, 2007, the dollar amount of total loans, net of unadvanced funds on loans, contractually due after December 31, 2008 and whether such loans have fixed interest rates or adjustable interest rates.
 
                         
    Fixed     Adjustable     Total  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Residential mortgage
  $ 72,809     $ 105,320     $ 178,129  
Commercial mortgage
    25,862       125,252       151,114  
Construction
    20,935       10,249       31,184  
Commercial
    34,383       97,156       131,539  
Home equity, consumer and other
    14,621       16,969       31,590  
                         
Total
  $ 168,610     $ 354,946     $ 523,556  
                         
 
Asset Quality
 
General.  One of Benjamin Franklin Bank’s most important operating objectives is to maintain a high level of asset quality. Management uses a number of strategies in furtherance of this goal including maintaining sound credit standards in loan originations, monitoring the loan portfolio through internal and third-party loan reviews, and employing active collection and workout processes for delinquent or problem loans.
 
Delinquent Loans.  Management performs a monthly review of all delinquent loans. The actions taken with respect to delinquencies vary depending upon the nature of the delinquent loans and the period of delinquency. Generally, the Bank’s requirement is that a delinquency notice be mailed no later than the 10th or 16th day, depending on loan type, after the payment due date. A late charge is normally assessed on loans where the scheduled payment remains unpaid after a 10 or 15 day grace period. After mailing delinquency notices Benjamin Franklin Bank’s loan collection personnel call the borrower to ascertain the reasons for delinquency and the prospects for repayment. On loans secured by one-to-four family owner-occupied property, Benjamin Franklin Bank initially attempts to work out a payment schedule with the borrower in order to avoid foreclosure. Any such loan restructurings must be approved by the level of officer authority required for a new loan of that amount. If these actions do not result in a satisfactory resolution, Benjamin Franklin Bank refers the loan to legal counsel and counsel initiates foreclosure proceedings. For commercial real estate, construction and commercial loans, collection procedures may vary depending on individual circumstances.

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The following table sets forth delinquencies in Benjamin Franklin Bank’s loan portfolio as of the dates indicated:
 
                                                 
    Loans Delinquent For              
    60-89 Days     90 Days and Over     Total  
    Number     Amount     Number     Amount     Number     Amount  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
At December 31, 2007
                                               
Residential mortgage
    4     $ 627       2     $ 376       6     $ 1,003  
Commercial mortgage
                2       658       2       658  
Construction
                                   
Commercial
                                   
Consumer
    7       110       2       55       9       165  
                                                 
Total
    11     $ 737       6     $ 1,089       17     $ 1,826  
                                                 
At December 31, 2006
                                               
Residential mortgage
    3     $ 272       1     $ 230       4     $ 502  
Commercial mortgage
                2       1,256       2       1,256  
Construction
                                   
Commercial
    1       437                   1       437  
Consumer
    11       112       1       25       12       137  
                                                 
Total
    15     $ 821       4     $ 1,511       19     $ 2,332  
                                                 
At December 31, 2005
                                               
Residential mortgage
    2     $ 157           $       2     $ 157  
Commercial mortgage
                                   
Construction
                                   
Commercial
    1       11       1       40       2       51  
Consumer
    10       169       4       27       14       196  
                                                 
Total
    13     $ 337       5     $ 67       18     $ 404  
                                                 
 
Other Real Estate Owned.  Benjamin Franklin Bank classifies property acquired through foreclosure or acceptance of a deed in lieu of foreclosure as other real estate owned (“OREO”) in its financial statements. When property is placed into OREO, it is recorded at the lower of the carrying value or the fair value less estimated costs to sell at the date of foreclosure or acceptance of deed in lieu of foreclosure. At the time of transfer to OREO, any excess of carrying value over fair value is charged to the allowance for loan losses. Management inspects all OREO property periodically. Holding costs and declines in fair value result in charges to expense after the property is acquired. At December 31, 2007, Benjamin Franklin Bank had no property classified as OREO.
 
Classification of Assets and Loan Review.  Benjamin Franklin Bank uses an internal rating system to monitor and evaluate the credit risk inherent in its loan portfolio. At the time a loan is approved, all commercial real estate, construction and commercial business loans are assigned a risk rating based on all of the factors considered in originating the loan. The initial risk rating is recommended by the credit analyst charged with underwriting the loan, and subsequently approved by the relevant loan approval authority. Current financial information is sought for all commercial real estate, construction and commercial borrowing relationships, and is evaluated on at least an annual basis to determine whether the risk rating classification is appropriate.
 
In Benjamin Franklin Bank’s loan rating system, there are three classifications for problem assets: Substandard, Doubtful and Loss. An asset is considered Substandard if it is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard assets


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are characterized by the distinct possibility that Benjamin Franklin Bank will sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful assets have the weaknesses of Substandard assets with the additional characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full questionable, on the basis of currently existing facts, and there is a high possibility of loss. Assets classified Loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that continuance as an asset of Benjamin Franklin Bank is not warranted. Assets that possess some weaknesses, but that do not expose Benjamin Franklin Bank to risk sufficient to warrant classification in one of the aforementioned categories, are designated as Special Mention. If an asset or portion thereof is classified as Loss, it is charged off in the quarter in which it is so classified. For assets designated as Special Mention, Substandard or Doubtful, Benjamin Franklin Bank establishes reserves in amounts management deems appropriate within the allowance for loan losses. This determination as to the classification of assets and the amount of the loss allowances established are subject to review by regulatory agencies, which can order the establishment of additional loss allowances. See “— Asset Quality — Allowance for Loan Losses” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis — Critical Accounting Policies — Allowance for Loan Losses.”
 
Benjamin Franklin Bank engages an independent third party to conduct a semi-annual review of its commercial real estate, construction and commercial loan portfolios. These loan reviews, which typically include a 70.0% penetration of the various commercial portfolios, provide a credit evaluation of individual loans to determine whether the risk ratings assigned are appropriate.
 
At December 31, 2007, Special Mention loans totaled $2.2 million, consisting of $2.1 million in commercial real estate loans and $0.1 million in residential mortgage loans. Substandard loans totaled $1.6 million, consisting of $658,000 in commercial real estate loans and $940,000 in residential mortgage loans. No loans were classified as Doubtful or Loss on December 31, 2007.
 
Non-Performing Assets.  The table below sets forth the amounts and categories of the Bank’s non-performing assets at the dates indicated. At each date presented, the Bank had no troubled debt restructurings (loans for which a portion of interest or principal has been forgiven and loans modified at interest rates materially less than current market rates), or foreclosed real estate.
 
                                         
    At December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005     2004     2003  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Non-accrual loans:
                                       
Residential mortgage
  $ 712     $ 230     $ 184     $     $  
Commercial mortgage
    658       1,257                    
Construction
                             
Commercial
                256       334       458  
Consumer and other
    228       61       25              
                                         
Total non-accrual loans
  $ 1,598     $ 1,548     $ 465     $ 334     $ 458  
                                         
Loans greater than 90 days delinquent and still accruing:
                                       
Residential mortgage
  $     $     $     $     $  
Commercial mortgage
                             
Construction
                             
Commercial
                             
Consumer and other
                2       3       5  
                                         
Total loans 90 days and still accruing
  $     $     $ 2     $ 3     $ 5  
                                         
Total non-performing loans and assets
  $ 1,598     $ 1,548     $ 467     $ 337     $ 463  
                                         
Ratios:
                                       
Non-performing loans to total loans and loans held for sale
    0.26 %     0.24 %     0.08 %     0.09 %     0.16 %
Non-performing assets to total assets
    0.18 %     0.17 %     0.05 %     0.07 %     0.10 %


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Loans are placed on non-accrual status either when reasonable doubt exists as to the full and timely collection of interest and principal, or when a loan becomes 90 days past due, unless an evaluation by the Management Credit Committee clearly indicates that the loan is well-secured and in the process of collection. Restructured loans represent performing loans for which concessions were granted due to a borrower’s financial condition. Such concessions may include reductions of interest rates to below-market terms and/or extension of repayment terms. For loans on non-accrual status at December 31, 2007, interest income totaling $74,000 was recorded during 2007, compared to interest income of $119,000 that would have been recorded if these loans had been current in accordance with their original terms.
 
Allowance for Loan Losses.  In originating loans, Benjamin Franklin Bank recognizes that losses will be experienced on loans and that the risk of loss will vary with many factors, including the type of loan being made, the creditworthiness of the borrower over the term of the loan, general economic conditions and, in the case of a secured loan, the quality of the security for the loan over the term of the loan. Benjamin Franklin Bank maintains an allowance for loan losses to absorb losses inherent in the loan portfolio, and as such, this allowance represents management’s best estimate of the probable known and inherent credit losses in the loan portfolio as of the date of the financial statements.
 
The allowance for loan losses is evaluated on a regular basis by management and is based upon management’s periodic review of the collectibility of the loans in light of historical experience, portfolio volume and mix, geographic and large borrower concentrations, estimated credit losses based on internal and external portfolio reviews, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral and prevailing economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.
 
The allowance consists of specific, general and unallocated components. The specific component relates to loans that are classified as impaired. The general component covers non-impaired loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative factors. An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses. The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio.
 
A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that Benjamin Franklin Bank will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include current payment status, collateral value, and the future probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for commercial loans by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. Accordingly, Benjamin Franklin Bank does not separately identify individual consumer and residential loans for impairment disclosures. At December 31, 2007, impaired loans totaled $880,000 and in the aggregate carried a valuation allowance within the allowance for loan losses of $37,000.
 
While Benjamin Franklin Bank believes that it has established adequate specific and general allowances for losses on loans, adjustments to the allowance may be necessary if future conditions differ substantially from the information used in making the evaluations. In addition, as an integral part of their examination process, Benjamin Franklin Bank’s regulators periodically review the allowance for loan losses.
 
In 2007, the Company reclassified the reserve for unfunded lending commitments from the allowance for loan losses to other liabilities for all years presented. The provision for unfunded lending commitments (formerly included in the provision for loan losses) has been reclassified to non-interest expense for all years presented. See “Comparison of Operating Results For The Year Ended December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006 — Provision for Loan Losses” for more information.


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The following table sets forth activity in Benjamin Franklin Bank’s allowance for loan losses for the periods indicated:
 
                                         
    At or For the Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005     2004     2003  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Balance at beginning of year
  $ 5,337     $ 5,211     $ 2,874     $ 2,395     $ 2,312  
                                         
Allowance added from acquisition of Chart Bank
                1,812              
Charge-offs:
                                       
Residential mortgage loans
    (143 )                        
Commercial loans
    (11 )     (40 )     (68 )           (43 )
Consumer loans
    (109 )     (112 )     (11 )     (17 )     (494 )
                                         
Total charge-offs
    (263 )     (152 )     (79 )     (17 )     (537 )
                                         
Recoveries:
                                       
Commercial loans
    45       37       71       35       100  
Consumer loans
    36       40       8       11       23  
                                         
Total recoveries
    81       77       79       46       123  
                                         
Net (charge-offs)/recoveries
    (182 )     (75 )           29       (414 )
Provision for loan losses
    634       201       525       450       497  
                                         
Balance at end of year
    5,789       5,337       5,211       2,874       2,395  
                                         
Ratios:
                                       
Net (charge-offs)/recoveries to average loans outstanding(1)
    (0.03 )%     (0.01 )%     0.00 %     0.01 %     (0.15 )%
Allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans at end of year
    362.27 %     344.77 %     1115.85 %     852.82 %     517.28 %
Allowance for loan losses to total loans at end of year
    0.94 %     0.92 %     0.85 %     0.74 %     0.82 %
 
 
(1) Average loans includes loans held for sale.


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The following tables set forth Benjamin Franklin Bank’s percent of allowance by loan category and the percent of the loans to total loans in each of the categories listed at the dates indicated. The allowance for loan losses allocated to each category is not necessarily indicative of future losses in any particular category and does not restrict the use of the allowance to absorb losses in other categories:
 
                                                                         
    At December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005  
                Percent
                Percent
                Percent
 
                of Loans
                of Loans
                of Loans
 
          Loan
    in Each
          Loan
    in Each
          Loan
    in Each
 
    Allowance
    Balances
    Category to
    Allowance
    Balances
    Category to
    Allowance
    Balances
    Category to
 
    for Loan
    by
    to Total
    for Loan
    by
    to Total
    for Loan
    by
    to Total
 
    Losses     Category     Loans     Losses     Category     Loans     Losses     Category     Loans  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Mortgage loans on real estate:
                                                                       
Residential
  $ 499     $ 187,991       30.73 %   $ 533     $ 212,131       36.52 %   $ 721     $ 286,204       46.95 %
Commercial
    1,959       168,463       27.54 %     1,864       159,188       27.40 %     2,004       159,504       26.17 %
Construction
    850       55,763       9.11 %     1,083       68,877       11.86 %     840       60,399       9.91 %
Home equity
    142       37,768       6.17 %     137       36,546       6.29 %     122       32,419       5.32 %
                                                                         
      3,450       449,985       73.55 %     3,617       476,742       82.07 %     3,687       538,526       88.35 %
                                                                         
Other loans:
                                                                       
Commercial
    1,874       159,233       26.03 %     1,319       101,055       17.39 %     1,172       68,667       11.26 %
Consumer
    80       2,592       0.42 %     76       3,110       0.54 %     44       2,395       0.39 %
Unallocated(1)
    385       0       0.00 %     325       0       0.00 %     308       0       0.00 %
                                                                         
      2,339       161,825       26.45 %     1,720       104,165       17.93 %     1,524       71,062       11.65 %
                                                                         
Total
  $ 5,789     $ 611,810       100.00 %   $ 5,337     $ 580,907       100.00 %   $ 5,211     $ 609,588       100.00 %
                                                                         
 
                                                 
    At December 31,  
    2004     2003  
                Percent
                Percent
 
                of Loans
                of Loans
 
          Loan
    in Each
          Loan
    in Each
 
    Allowance
    Balances
    Category to
    Allowance
    Balances
    Category to
 
    for Loan
    by
    to Total
    for Loan
    by
    to Total
 
    Losses     Category     Loans     Losses     Category     Loans  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Mortgage loans on real estate:
                                               
Residential
  $ 612     $ 241,090       62.56 %   $ 485     $ 172,123       59.21 %
Commercial
    1,067       65,176       16.91 %     943       49,781       17.13 %
Construction
    340       28,651       7.43 %     295       23,936       8.24 %
Home equity
    87       23,199       6.02 %     46       18,171       6.25 %
                                                 
      2,106       358,116       92.92 %     1,769       264,011       90.83 %
                                                 
Other loans:
                                               
Commercial
    532       25,110       6.52 %     596       24,430       8.41 %
Consumer
    22       2,170       0.56 %     22       2,219       0.76 %
Unallocated(1)
    214       0       0.00 %     8       0       0.00 %
                                                 
      768       27,280       7.08 %     626       26,649       9.17 %
                                                 
Total
  $ 2,874     $ 385,396       100.00 %   $ 2,395     $ 290,660       100.00 %
                                                 
 
 
(1) The unallocated portion of the allowance for loan losses is intended to capture the exposure, if any, that may exist as a result of a number of qualitative factors that are difficult to quantify with precision.


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Investment Activities
 
General.  The Bank’s investment portfolio at December 31, 2007 included a variety of securities and obligations, including: Government-sponsored enterprise (“GSE”) obligations (including callable securities), municipal obligations, and GSE-issued mortgage-backed securities (including fixed and adjustable rate pass-through securities, and collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”)). The primary objective of the Bank’s investment portfolio is to achieve a competitive risk-adjusted rate of return, to complement lending activities, to provide and maintain liquidity, and to assist in managing the interest rate sensitivity of the balance sheet. In addition, the investment portfolio serves to increase borrowing capacity from the Federal Home Loan Bank advance program. Individual investment decisions are made based on the credit quality of the investment, liquidity requirements, potential returns, cash flow targets, and consistency with Benjamin Franklin Bank’s asset/liability management objectives.
 
Benjamin Franklin Bank’s investment policy is established by its Board of Directors. The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as authorized by the Board, implement this policy based on the established guidelines within the written policy. Among other things, the investment policy provides limits as to the type, size, term, and credit quality of all investments.
 
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 115 requires Benjamin Franklin Bank to designate its securities as held to maturity, available for sale, or trading, depending on Benjamin Franklin Bank’s intent with regard to its investments at the time of purchase. At December 31, 2007, $156.8 million or 93.1% of the total portfolio was classified as available for sale. The remainder of the portfolio consisted of restricted equity securities totaling $11.6 million, representing 6.9% of the total portfolio at that date. Overall, investments of $168.4 million represented 18.6% of the Company’s total assets on December 31, 2007, compared to $138.0 million or 15.1% of total assets as of December 31, 2006.
 
Securities classified as available for sale (held for indefinite periods of time) include securities that management intends to use as part of its asset/liability management strategy and that may be sold in response to changes in market conditions, interest rates, credit risk, prepayment risk, liquidity, and other factors. At December 31, 2007, the net unrealized loss on securities classified as available for sale was $1.3 million, compared to $2.1 million on December 31, 2006.
 
Securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of sale in the near term are classified as trading securities. Trading securities are stated at market value with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings. In July 2007, the Bank purchased a $15.0 mutual fund holding comprised primarily of high-quality, short-term U.S. Government debt. The investment was classified as a trading asset as management intended to sell the holding before the end of 2007. The asset was sold in December 2007, and a $264,000 trading asset gain was realized. Management may elect in 2008 to re-invest in this or similar mutual funds.
 
Government-sponsored Enterprise Obligations.  At December 31, 2007, Benjamin Franklin Bank’s Government-sponsored enterprise obligations portfolio totaled $86.2 million, or 51.2% of the total securities portfolio on that date. This portfolio consists entirely of debt securities issued by agencies such as the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”), Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), the Federal Housing Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”) and the Federal Farm Credit Bank. Benjamin Franklin Bank’s investment policy contains no limits on the total portfolio composition for these holdings, due to their excellent liquidity and credit risk characteristics. The $86.2 million portfolio includes $61.8 million payable upon maturity and $24.4 million that may be called prior to maturity at the discretion of the bonds’ issuers.
 
The Company purchased $55.0 million of GSE obligations in 2007, predominantly in bonds with maturities of less than two years. The Company concentrated on acquiring debt securities with short terms to maintain a maturity structure that provides a regular source of liquidity for funding loan growth, and other short-term needs.
 
Municipal Obligations.  At December 31, 2007, Benjamin Franklin Bank’s portfolio of municipal obligations totaled $1.2 million, or 0.7% of the total securities portfolio at that date. All of the issues in the portfolio will mature in the year 2008. Benjamin Franklin Bank’s policy requires that investments in municipal obligations be restricted only to those obligations that are readily marketable and rated ‘A’ or better by a


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nationally recognized rating agency at the time of purchase. At December 31, 2007, all investments in municipal obligations were rated ’Aaa’ by at least one rating agency.
 
Mortgage-Backed Securities.  At December 31, 2007, Benjamin Franklin Bank’s portfolio of mortgage-backed securities totaled $69.4 million, or 41.2% of the total securities portfolio on that date. The portfolio consisted of pass-through securities ($45.7 million) and collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”) ($23.7 million). None of the mortgage-backed securities owned by the Bank are collateralized by ‘sub-prime’ loans. All of the Company’s mortgage-backed securities are guaranteed by FHLMC, FNMA or GNMA.
 
Pass-through securities are comprised of a pool of single-family mortgages. Holders of such securities, like the Bank, receive monthly principal and interest payments, which are passed through from the issuer upon receipt of the underlying mortgage payments. The issuers of such securities are generally U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises (such as FHLMC or FNMA) who pool and resell participation interests in the form of securities to investors and guarantee the payment of principal and interest to the investors. The Bank purchased $47.8 million of pass-through securities in the year 2007, the primary reason the portfolio increased by $41.6 million during the year.
 
The CMO portfolio was wholly acquired in 2003, a time when market interest rates were near historical lows. For several holdings in the portfolio, their weighted average lives have extended beyond what was anticipated at the time of purchase, resulting in slower repayments than desired. However, the Company considers the interest rate risk of holding these assets to be acceptable given the small size of this portfolio relative to the Company’s total assets (equal to 2.6%).
 
Restricted Equity Securities.  At December 31, 2007, Benjamin Franklin Bank’s portfolio of restricted equity securities totaled $11.6 million or 6.9% of the total securities portfolio at that date. $9.1 million of these securities consisted of stock in the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston, which must be held as a condition of membership in the Federal Home Loan Bank System and as a condition for the Bank to be able to borrow under the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston’s advance program. The remainder of the portfolio ($2.5 million) consisted of certain other equity investments in Savings Bank Life Insurance, the Community Investment Fund and the Depositors Insurance Fund.


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The following table sets forth certain information regarding the amortized cost and fair values of Benjamin Franklin Bank’s investment securities at the dates indicated:
 
                                                 
    At December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005  
    Amortized Cost     Fair Value     Amortized Cost     Fair Value     Amortized Cost     Fair Value  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Securities available for sale:
                                               
Government-sponsored enterprise obligations
  $ 85,972     $ 86,178     $ 97,723     $ 97,502     $ 86,141     $ 85,494  
Municipal obligations
    1,206       1,202       1,707       1,687       2,211       2,191  
Corporate bonds and other obligations
                            2,508       2,500  
                                                 
      87,178       87,380       99,430       99,189       90,860       90,185  
Mortgage-backed securities
    70,839       69,381       29,677       27,793       34,107       32,194  
                                                 
Total debt securities
    158,017       156,761       129,107       126,982       124,967       122,379  
                                                 
Total available for sale securities
  $ 158,017     $ 156,761     $ 129,107     $ 126,982     $ 124,967     $ 122,379  
                                                 
Securities held to maturity:
                                               
Mortgage-backed securities
  $     $     $ 31     $ 31     $ 109     $ 109  
                                                 
Restricted equity securities:
                                               
Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston stock
  $ 9,111     $ 9,111     $ 8,470     $ 8,470     $ 7,496     $ 7,496  
Access Capital Strategies Community Investment Fund
    1,965       1,965       1,965       1,965       2,000       2,000  
SBLI & DIF stock
    516       516       516       516       516       516  
                                                 
Total restricted equity securities
  $ 11,591     $ 11,591     $ 10,951     $ 10,951     $ 10,012     $ 10,012  
                                                 


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The table below sets forth certain information regarding the amortized cost, weighted average yields and contractual maturities of Benjamin Franklin Bank’s debt securities portfolio at December 31, 2007. Actual maturities of mortgage-backed securities will differ from contractual maturities due both to scheduled amortization and prepayments. Repayment of Government-sponsored enterprise obligations can be expected to occur earlier than contractual maturities when the issuer holds call options:
 
                                                 
          More than One Year
    More than Five Years
 
    One Year or Less     through Five Years     through Ten Years  
          Weighted
          Weighted
          Weighted
 
    Amortized
    Average
    Amortized
    Average
    Amortized
    Average
 
    Cost     Yield     Cost     Yield     Cost     Yield  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Securities available for sale:
                                               
Government-sponsored enterprise obligations
  $ 52,616       4.12 %   $ 33,356       4.93 %   $       0.00 %
Municipal obligations
    1,206       3.05 %           0.00 %           0.00 %
Mortgage-backed securities
          0.00 %           0.00 %     2,691       4.15 %
                                                 
Total debt securities
    53,822       4.10 %     33,356       4.93 %     2,691       4.15 %
                                                 
Total securities
  $ 53,822       4.10 %   $ 33,356       4.93 %   $ 2,691       4.15 %
                                                 
 
                                         
    More than Ten Years     Total Securities  
          Weighted
                Weighted
 
    Amortized
    Average
    Amortized
    Fair
    Average
 
    Cost     Yield     Cost     Value     Yield  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Securities available for sale:
                                       
Government-sponsored enterprise obligations
  $       0.00 %   $ 85,972     $ 86,178       4.43 %
Municipal obligations
          0.00 %     1,206       1,202       3.05 %
Mortgage-backed securities
    68,148       5.14 %     70,839       69,381       5.10 %
                                         
Total debt securities
    68,148       5.14 %     158,017       156,761       4.72 %
                                         
Total securities
  $ 68,148       5.14 %   $ 158,017     $ 156,761       4.72 %
                                         
 
Sources of Funds
 
General.  Deposits have traditionally been the primary source of Benjamin Franklin Bank’s funds for lending and other investment purposes. In addition to deposits, the Bank obtains funds from the amortization and prepayment of loans and mortgage-backed securities, the sale, call or maturity of investment securities, advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston, and cash flows generated by operations.
 
Deposits.  Consumer and commercial deposits are gathered primarily from Benjamin Franklin Bank’s primary market area through the offering of a broad selection of deposit products including checking, regular savings, money market deposits and time deposits, including certificate of deposit accounts and individual retirement accounts. The FDIC insures deposits up to certain limits (generally, $100,000 per depositor except retirement accounts, for which the limit is $250,000 per depositor). The Depositors Insurance Fund (DIF), which is neither a government agency nor backed by the full faith and credit of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, fully insures amounts in excess of such limits.
 
Benjamin Franklin Bank relies primarily on competitive pricing of its deposit products, customer service and long-standing relationships with customers to attract and retain deposits. In addition to the Bank’s eleven branch office locations, customers can access their accounts through ATM networks and transact business through the Bank’s internet banking service. Interest rates on deposits are based upon factors that include


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prevailing loan demand, deposit maturities, alternative costs of funds, interest rates offered by competing financial institutions and other financial service firms, and general economic conditions.
 
The maturities of Benjamin Franklin Bank’s certificate of deposit accounts range from seven days to five years. The Bank does not generally negotiate interest rates to attract jumbo certificates of deposit, but accepts deposits of $100,000 or more from customers within its market area based on posted rates. Benjamin Franklin Bank does not currently use brokers to obtain deposits.
 
The following tables set forth certain information relative to the composition of Benjamin Franklin Bank’s average deposit accounts and the weighted average interest rate on each category of deposits:
 
                                                 
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006  
                Weighted
                Weighted
 
    Average
          Average
    Average
          Average
 
    Balance     Percent     Rate     Balance     Percent     Rate  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Deposit type:
                                               
Demand deposits
  $ 117,938       18.70 %     0.00 %   $ 126,894       19.98 %     0.00 %
NOW deposits
    40,607       6.44 %     2.27 %     27,155       4.28 %     0.27 %
Money market deposits
    109,123       17.31 %     2.67 %     100,741       15.87 %     2.28 %
Regular and other savings
    81,691       12.96 %     0.49 %     91,201       14.36 %     0.50 %
                                                 
Total transaction and savings accounts
    349,359       55.41 %     1.21 %     345,991       54.49 %     0.82 %
Certificates of deposit
    281,138       44.59 %     4.53 %     288,969       45.51 %     4.05 %
                                                 
Total deposits
  $ 630,497       100.00 %     2.69 %   $ 634,960       100.00 %     2.29 %
                                                 
 
                         
    Year Ended December 31, 2005  
                Weighted
 
    Average
          Average
 
    Balance     Percent     Rate  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Deposit type:
                       
Demand deposits
  $ 114,483       20.19 %     0.00 %
NOW deposits
    31,742       5.60 %     0.20 %
Money market deposits
    95,638       16.86 %     1.62 %
Regular and other savings
    102,781       18.12 %     0.50 %
                         
Total transaction and savings accounts
    344,644       60.77 %     0.62 %
Certificates of deposit
    222,500       39.23 %     2.86 %
                         
Total deposits
  $ 567,144       100.00 %     1.50 %
                         


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The following table sets forth the time deposits of Benjamin Franklin Bank classified by interest rate as of the dates indicated:
 
                         
    At December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Interest Rate
                       
Less than 2%
  $ 7     $     $ 267  
2.00%-2.99%
    100       3,748       49,698  
3.00%-3.99%
    33,143       53,435       150,838  
4.00%-4.99%
    185,734       121,230       62,001  
5.00%-5.99%
    43,650       129,637       19  
                         
Total
  $ 262,634     $ 308,050     $ 262,823  
                         
 
The following table sets forth the amount and maturities of time deposits at December 31, 2007:
 
                                                 
    Year Ending December 31,        
    2008     2009     2010     2011     2012     Total  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Interest Rate
                                               
Less than 2%
  $ 7     $     $     $     $     $ 7  
2.00%-2.99%
    100                               100  
3.00%-3.99%
    26,394       6,171       507       55       16       33,143  
4.00%-4.99%
    160,998       17,536       3,529       2,140       1,531       185,734  
5.00%-5.99%
    30,550       7,257       1,067       581       4,195       43,650  
                                                 
Total
  $ 218,049     $ 30,964     $ 5,103     $ 2,776     $ 5,742     $ 262,634  
                                                 
 
As of December 31, 2007, the aggregate amount of outstanding certificates of deposit in amounts greater than or equal to $100,000 was approximately $103.4 million. Information concerning the maturities of these accounts is set forth below:
 
         
    At December 31, 2007  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Three months or less
  $ 29,684  
Over three months through six months
    37,254  
Over six months through one year
    21,438  
Over one year to three years
    11,377  
Over three years
    3,609  
         
    $ 103,362  
         
 
Borrowings.  Benjamin Franklin Bank borrows from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (“FHLBB”), primarily to fund asset growth, and on occasion to meet short-term liquidity needs. Federal Home Loan Bank advances are an integral component of the Bank’s overall interest rate risk management process, due to a wide variety of term and repayment options. On a long-term basis, the Company expects to increase its core deposits, but will use FHLBB borrowings as cash flows dictate and as opportunities present themselves. For example, certificate of deposit customers are currently attracted to maturity terms of two years or less. Given this customer preference, the Bank has supplemented its funding sources with FHLBB advances, often for terms of two or more years. FHLBB advances are secured by a blanket security agreement which requires the Bank to maintain as collateral certain qualifying assets, chiefly 1-4 family residential mortgage loans, that aggregate in total to an amount higher than the outstanding advances. During the year 2007, the Company additionally pledged certain qualifying securities, home equity loans and commercial loans to


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increase its overall borrowing capacity with the FHLBB. As of December 31, 2007, the Bank had $165.3 million in outstanding advances with the FHLBB, and had the ability to borrow an additional $100.8 million based on available collateral.
 
The following table sets forth certain information concerning balances and interest rates on the Company’s Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston advances at the dates and for the periods indicated:
 
                         
    At or For the Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Balance at end of year
  $ 165,284     $ 149,969     $ 128,936  
Average balance during year
    146,409       130,908       101,181  
Maximum outstanding at any month end
    165,284       150,963       128,936  
Weighted average interest rate at end of year
    4.74 %     4.54 %     4.00 %
Weighted average interest rate during year
    4.73 %     4.32 %     3.94 %
 
Most of the Company’s outstanding advances at December 31, 2007 were bullet maturities with fixed principal repayment dates. However, of the $165.3 million in advances outstanding at December 31, 2007, one advance in the amount of $10.0 million with a June 2010 maturity date can be called in 2008 at the Federal Home Loan Bank’s option if the 3-month LIBOR rate rises above 6.0%
 
In 2002, Benjamin Franklin Bancorp raised net proceeds of $8.7 million in a sale of $9.0 million of subordinated debentures to Benjamin Franklin Capital Trust I (the “Trust”). The Trust funded the purchase by participating in a pooled offering of 9,000 capital securities representing preferred ownership interests in the assets of the Trust with a liquidation value of $1,000 each. Since its inception, interest payable on the subordinated debentures, and cumulative dividends payable quarterly on the preferred securities, was fixed at a 6.94% rate. In 2007, the Company obtained regulatory approval to accelerate the maturity to November 2007, and extinguished the debt at that time at a cost equal to 100% of the principal amount plus accrued interest to the date of redemption. Remaining unamortized debt issuance costs included in other assets were fully absorbed into expense during 2007 by the early redemption date, resulting in charges of $214,000 in 2007 as compared to $8,000 in the year 2006.
 
Employees
 
As of December 31, 2007, Benjamin Franklin Bank had 143 full-time and 22 part-time employees. Employees are not represented by a collective bargaining unit and Benjamin Franklin Bank considers its relationship with its employees to be good.
 
Subsidiary Activities
 
Benjamin Franklin Bancorp conducts its principal business activities through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Benjamin Franklin Bank. Subsidiaries of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp and Benjamin Franklin Bank are as follows:
 
Benjamin Franklin Bank Capital Trust I, a Delaware Trust, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp. In 2002, Benjamin Franklin Bancorp raised net proceeds of $8.7 million in a sale of $9.0 million in junior subordinated notes due 2032 to Benjamin Franklin Capital Trust I (the “Trust”). These notes were repaid by the Company on November 15, 2007. At December 31, 2007, the Trust is inactive.
 
Benjamin Franklin Securities Corp. (“BFSC”) and Benjamin Franklin Securities Corp. II (“BFSCII”), Massachusetts corporations, are wholly-owned subsidiaries of Benjamin Franklin Bank. These two subsidiaries engage exclusively in buying, selling and holding investment securities on their own behalf and not as a broker. The income earned on their investment securities is subject to a significantly lower rate of state tax than that assessed on income earned on investment securities maintained at Benjamin Franklin Bank. At December 31, 2007, BFSC and BFSCII had total assets of $107.7 million and $21.5 million, respectively, consisting primarily of cash and investment securities.


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Creative Strategic Solutions, Inc. (“CSSI”), a Massachusetts corporation, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Benjamin Franklin Bank. On May 1, 2007, the Bank and CSSI entered into an agreement to sell certain of CSSI’s assets (principally its customer list and rights and obligations under its customer contracts) to another bank with an ATM servicing division. At December 31, 2007, CSSI is inactive.
 
The Benjamin Franklin Bank Charitable Foundation
 
To further its commitment to its local community, the Company established a charitable foundation, the Benjamin Franklin Bank Charitable Foundation (the “Foundation”), in connection with its stock conversion. On April 4, 2005, the Company made a contribution of 400,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to the Foundation, with an initial market value of $4.0 million. The Company does not expect to make any further contributions to the Foundation. The Foundation is dedicated to supporting charitable causes and community development activities in the communities served by the Company. At December 31, 2007, the Foundation had net assets of approximately $4.7 million.
 
Regulation and Supervision
 
General.
 
Benjamin Franklin Bank is a Massachusetts-chartered stock savings bank and a wholly owned subsidiary of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp. Benjamin Franklin Bank’s deposits are insured up to applicable limits by the FDIC and by the DIF for amounts in excess of the FDIC insurance limits. Benjamin Franklin Bank is subject to extensive regulation by the Massachusetts Division of Banks, as its chartering agency, and by the FDIC, as its deposit insurer. Benjamin Franklin Bank is required to file reports with, and is periodically examined by, the FDIC and the Massachusetts Division of Banks concerning its activities and financial condition and must obtain regulatory approvals prior to entering into certain transactions, including, but not limited to, mergers with or acquisitions of other savings institutions. Benjamin Franklin Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank and is subject to certain limited regulation by the Federal Reserve Board.
 
Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, as a bank holding company, is subject to regulation by the Federal Reserve Board and is required to file reports with the Federal Reserve Board.
 
Massachusetts Bank Regulation.
 
General.  As a Massachusetts-chartered savings bank, Benjamin Franklin Bank is subject to supervision, regulation and examination by the Massachusetts Division of Banks and to various Massachusetts statutes and regulations which govern, among other things, investment powers, lending and deposit-taking activities, borrowings, maintenance of surplus and reserve accounts, distribution of earnings and payment of dividends. In addition, Benjamin Franklin Bank is subject to Massachusetts consumer protection and civil rights laws and regulations. The Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks’s approval is required for a Massachusetts bank to establish or close branches, merge with other banks, organize a holding company, issue stock and undertake certain other activities.
 
In response to a Massachusetts law enacted in 1996, the Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks adopted rules that generally give Massachusetts banks powers equivalent to those of national banks. The Commissioner also has adopted procedures reducing regulatory burdens and expense and expediting branching by well-capitalized and well-managed banks.
 
Activities and Investments.  Since the enactment of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 (“FDICIA”), all state-chartered FDIC insured banks have generally been limited to activities as principal to those authorized for national banks, notwithstanding state law. Additionally, FDICIA limits equity investments by state banks to the types and amounts permitted national banks, though certain exceptions exist. For example, the FDIC is authorized to permit a bank to engage in state authorized activities or investments that are impermissible for national banks (other than non-subsidiary equity investments) if the bank meets all applicable capital requirements and it is determined that the activities or investments do not pose a significant risk to the deposit insurance fund.


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Massachusetts-chartered banks have broad investment powers under Massachusetts law, including the power to invest in equity securities and so-called “leeway” authority for investments that are not otherwise specifically authorized. The investment powers authorized under Massachusetts law are restricted by federal law and FDIC regulations to permit, with certain exceptions, only investments of the kinds that would be permitted for national banks (which generally do not include investments in equity securities).
 
Lending Activities.  Massachusetts banking laws grant banks broad lending authority. However, with certain limited exceptions, total obligations of one borrower to a stock bank may not exceed 20.0% of the total of the bank’s capital, which includes capital stock, surplus accounts and undivided profits.
 
Dividends.  A Massachusetts stock bank may declare from net profits cash dividends not more frequently than quarterly and non-cash dividends at any time. No dividends may be declared, credited or paid if the bank’s capital stock is impaired. The approval of the Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks is required if the total of all dividends declared in any calendar year exceeds the total of its net profits for that year combined with its retained net profits of the preceding two years. Net profits for this purpose means the remainder of all earnings from current operations plus actual recoveries on loans and investments and other assets after deducting from the total thereof all current operating expenses, actual losses, accrued dividends on preferred stock, if any, and all federal and state taxes.
 
Regulatory Enforcement Authority.  Any Massachusetts bank that does not operate in accordance with the regulations, policies and directives of the Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks may be subject to sanctions for non-compliance, including seizure of the property and business of the bank and suspension or revocation of its charter. The Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks may under certain circumstances suspend or remove officers or directors who have violated the law, conducted the bank’s business in a manner which is unsafe, unsound or contrary to the depositors’ interests or been negligent in the performance of their duties. In addition, upon finding that a bank has engaged in an unfair or deceptive act or practice, the Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks may issue an order to cease and desist and impose a fine on the bank concerned. Finally, Massachusetts consumer protection and civil rights statutes applicable to Benjamin Franklin Bank permit private individual and class action law suits and provide for the rescission of consumer transactions, including loans, and the recovery of statutory and punitive damages and attorneys’ fees in the case of certain violations or those statutes.
 
Insurance Sales.  Massachusetts banks may engage in insurance sales activities if the Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks has approved its plan of operation for insurance activities and it obtains a license from the Massachusetts Division of Insurance. A bank may be licensed directly or indirectly through an affiliate or a subsidiary corporation established for this purpose.
 
DIF.  All Massachusetts-chartered savings banks are required to be members of the Deposit Insurance Fund of the Depositors Insurance Fund, a corporation that insures Massachusetts savings bank deposits in excess of federal deposit insurance coverage. The DIF is authorized to charge savings banks an annual assessment of up to 1/50th of 1.0% of a savings bank’s deposit balances in excess of amounts insured by the FDIC.
 
Federal Regulations.
 
Capital Requirements.  Under FDIC regulations, federally insured state-chartered banks that are not members of the Federal Reserve System (“state non-member banks”), such as Benjamin Franklin Bank, are required to comply with minimum leverage capital requirements. For an institution determined by the FDIC to not be anticipating or experiencing significant growth and to be, in general, a strong banking organization rated composite 1 under the Uniform Financial Institutions Ranking System established by the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, the minimum capital leverage requirement is a ratio of Tier 1 capital to total assets of 3.0%. For all other institutions, the minimum leverage capital ratio is not less than 4.0%. Tier 1 capital is the sum of common stockholders’ equity, non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock (including any related surplus) and minority investments in certain subsidiaries, less intangible assets (except for certain servicing rights and credit card relationships) and certain other specified items.


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The FDIC regulations require state non-member banks to maintain certain levels of regulatory capital in relation to regulatory risk-weighted assets. The ratio of regulatory capital to regulatory risk-weighted assets is referred to as a bank’s “risk-based capital ratio.” Risk-based capital ratios are determined by allocating assets and specified off-balance sheet items (including recourse obligations, direct credit substitutes and residual interests) to four risk-weighted categories ranging from 0.0% to 100.0%, with higher levels of capital being required for the categories perceived as representing greater risk. For example, under the FDIC’s risk-weighting system, cash and securities backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government are given a 0.0% risk weight, loans secured by one- to four-family residential properties generally have a 50.0% risk weight, and commercial loans have a risk weighting of 100.0%.
 
State non-member banks must maintain a minimum ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets of at least 8.0%, of which at least one-half must be Tier 1 capital. Total capital consists of Tier 1 capital plus Tier 2 or supplementary capital items, which include allowances for loan losses in an amount of up to 1.25% of risk-weighted assets, cumulative preferred stock and certain other capital instruments, and a portion of the net unrealized gain on equity securities. The includable amount of Tier 2 capital cannot exceed the amount of the institution’s Tier 1 capital. Banks that engage in specified levels of trading activities are subject to adjustments in their risk based capital calculation to ensure the maintenance of sufficient capital to support market risk.
 
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act (FDICIA) required each federal banking agency to revise its risk-based capital standards for insured institutions to ensure that those standards take adequate account of interest-rate risk, concentration of credit risk, and the risk of nontraditional activities, as well as to reflect the actual performance and expected risk of loss on multi-family residential loans. The FDIC, along with the other federal banking agencies, has adopted a regulation providing that the agencies will take into account the exposure of a bank’s capital and economic value to changes in interest rate risk in assessing a bank’s capital adequacy. The FDIC also has authority to establish individual minimum capital requirements in appropriate cases upon determination that an institution’s capital level is, or is likely to become, inadequate in light of the particular circumstances.
 
As a bank holding company, Benjamin Franklin Bancorp is subject to capital adequacy guidelines for bank holding companies similar to those of the FDIC for state-chartered banks. Benjamin Franklin Bancorp’s stockholders’ equity exceeds these requirements as of December 31, 2007.
 
Standards for Safety and Soundness.  As required by statute, the federal banking agencies adopted final regulations and Interagency Guidelines Establishing Standards for Safety and Soundness to implement safety and soundness standards. The guidelines set forth the safety and soundness standards that the federal banking agencies use to identify and address problems at insured depository institutions before capital becomes impaired. The guidelines address internal controls and information systems, internal audit system, credit underwriting, loan documentation, interest rate exposure, asset growth, asset quality, earnings and compensation, fees and benefits. Most recently, the agencies have established standards for safeguarding customer information. If the appropriate federal banking agency determines that an institution fails to meet any standard prescribed by the guidelines, the agency may require the institution to submit to the agency an acceptable plan to achieve compliance with the standard.
 
Investment Activities.  Since the enactment of FDICIA, all state-chartered FDIC insured banks have generally been limited in their investment activities to principal and equity investments of the type and in the amount authorized for national banks, notwithstanding state law. FDICIA and the FDIC permit exceptions to these limitations. For example, state chartered banks may, with FDIC approval, continue to exercise state authority to invest in common or preferred stocks listed on a national securities exchange or the Nasdaq National Market and in the shares of an investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The maximum permissible investment is 100.0% of Tier 1 Capital, as specified by the FDIC’s regulations, or the maximum amount permitted by Massachusetts law, whichever is less. Such authority may be terminated upon the FDIC’s determination that such investments pose a safety and soundness risk. In addition, the FDIC is authorized to permit state-chartered banking institutions to engage in state authorized activities or investments not permissible for national banks (other than non-subsidiary equity investments) if they meet all applicable capital requirements and it is determined that such activities or


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investments do not pose a significant risk to the FDIC’s Deposit Insurance Fund. The FDIC has adopted revisions to its regulations governing the procedures for institutions seeking approval to engage in such activities or investments. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 specifies that a nonmember bank may control a subsidiary that engages in activities as principal that would only be permitted for a national bank to conduct in a “financial subsidiary” if a bank meets specified conditions and deducts its investment in the subsidiary for regulatory capital purposes.
 
Interstate Banking and Branching.  The Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994, or the Interstate Banking Act, permits adequately capitalized bank holding companies to acquire banks in any state subject to specified concentration limits and other conditions. The Interstate Banking Act also authorizes the interstate merger of banks. In addition, among other things, the Interstate Banking Act permits banks to establish new branches on an interstate basis provided that such action is specifically authorized by the law of the host state.
 
Prompt Corrective Regulatory Action.  Federal law requires, among other things, that federal bank regulatory authorities take “prompt corrective action” with respect to banks that do not meet minimum capital requirements. For these purposes, the law establishes five capital categories: well capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized, and critically undercapitalized.
 
The FDIC has adopted regulations to implement the prompt corrective action legislation. An institution is deemed to be “well capitalized” if it has a total risk-based capital ratio of 10.0% or greater, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6.0% or greater and a leverage ratio of 5.0% or greater. An institution is “adequately capitalized” if it has a total risk-based capital ratio of 8.0% or greater, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 4.0% or greater, and generally a leverage ratio of 4.0% or greater. An institution is “undercapitalized” if it has a total risk-based capital ratio of less than 8.0%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 4.0%, or generally a leverage ratio of less than 4.0%. An institution is deemed to be “significantly undercapitalized” if it has a total risk-based capital ratio of less than 6.0%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 3.0%, or a leverage ratio of less than 3.0%. An institution is considered to be “critically undercapitalized” if it has a ratio of tangible equity (as defined in the regulations) to total assets that is equal to or less than 2.0%. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, Benjamin Franklin Bank was a “well capitalized” institution.
 
“Undercapitalized” banks must adhere to growth, capital distribution (including dividend) and other limitations and are required to submit a capital restoration plan. A bank’s compliance with such a plan is required to be guaranteed by any company that controls the undercapitalized institution in an amount equal to the lesser of 5.0% of the institution’s total assets when deemed undercapitalized or the amount necessary to achieve the status of “adequately capitalized”. If an “undercapitalized” bank fails to submit an acceptable plan, it is treated as if it is “significantly undercapitalized.” “Significantly undercapitalized” banks must comply with one or more of a number of additional restrictions, including but not limited to an order by the FDIC to sell sufficient voting stock to become adequately capitalized, requirements to reduce total assets, cease receipt of deposits from correspondent banks or dismiss directors or officers, and restrictions on interest rates paid on deposits, compensation of executive officers and capital distributions by the parent holding company. “Critically undercapitalized” institutions are subject to additional measures including, subject to a narrow exception, the appointment of a receiver or conservator within 270 days after it obtains such status.
 
Transactions with Affiliates.  Transactions between banks and their affiliates are governed by Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act. An affiliate of a bank is any company or entity that controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the bank. In a holding company context, the parent bank holding company and any companies that are controlled by such parent holding company are affiliates of the bank. Generally, Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act (i) limit the extent to which the bank or its subsidiaries may engage in “covered transactions” with any one affiliate to an amount equal to 10.0% of such institution’s capital stock and surplus, and contain an aggregate limit on all such transactions with all affiliates to an amount equal to 20.0% of such institution’s capital stock and surplus and (ii) require that all such transactions be on terms substantially the same, or at least as favorable, to the institution or subsidiary as those provided to a non-affiliate. The term “covered transaction” includes the making of loans, purchase of assets, issuance of a guarantee and other similar transactions. In addition, loans or other extensions of credit


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by the financial institution to the affiliate are required to be collateralized in accordance with the requirements set forth in Section 23A of the Federal Reserve Act.
 
The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act amended several provisions of section 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act. The amendments provide that so-called “financial subsidiaries” of banks are treated as affiliates for purposes of sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act, but the amendment provides that (i) the 10.0% capital limit on transactions between the bank and such financial subsidiary as an affiliate is not applicable, and (ii) the investment by the bank in the financial subsidiary does not include retained earnings in the financial subsidiary. Certain anti-evasion provisions have been included that relate to the relationship between any financial subsidiary of a bank and sister companies of the bank: (1) any purchase of, or investment in, the securities of a financial subsidiary by any affiliate of the parent bank is considered a purchase or investment by the bank; or (2) if the Federal Reserve Board determines that such treatment is necessary, any loan made by an affiliate of the parent bank to the financial subsidiary is to be considered a loan made by the parent bank.
 
Effective April 1, 2003, the Federal Reserve Board adopted Regulation W that deals with the provisions of Sections 23A and 23B. The regulation unifies and updates staff interpretations issued over the years, incorporates several new interpretations and provisions (such as to clarify when transactions with an unrelated third party will be attributed to an affiliate), and addresses new issues arising as a result of the expanded scope of non-banking activities engaged in by banks and bank holding companies in recent years and authorized for financial holding companies under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act.
 
In addition, Sections 22(h) and (g) of the Federal Reserve Act (and Regulation O promulgated thereunder) place restrictions on loans to executive officers, directors and principal stockholders. Under Section 22(h) of the Federal Reserve Act, loans to a director, an executive officer and to a greater than 10.0% stockholder of a financial institution, and certain affiliated interests of these, may not exceed, together with all other outstanding loans to such person and affiliated interests, the financial institution’s loans to one borrower limit, generally equal to 15.0% of the institution’s unimpaired capital and surplus. Section 22(h) of the Federal Reserve Act also requires that loans to directors, executive officers and principal stockholders be made on terms substantially the same as offered in comparable transactions to other persons and also requires prior board approval for certain loans. In addition, the aggregate amount of extensions of credit by a financial institution to insiders cannot exceed the institution’s unimpaired capital and surplus. Furthermore, Section 22(g) of the Federal Reserve Act places additional restrictions on loans to executive officers.
 
Enforcement.  The FDIC has extensive enforcement authority over insured state banks, including Benjamin Franklin Bank. This enforcement authority includes, among other things, the ability to assess civil money penalties, issue cease and desist orders and remove directors and officers. In general, these enforcement actions may be initiated in response to violations of laws and regulations and unsafe or unsound practices. The FDIC has authority under Federal law to appoint a conservator or receiver for an insured bank under limited circumstances. The FDIC is required, with certain exceptions, to appoint a receiver or conservator for an insured state non-member bank if that bank was “critically undercapitalized” on average during the calendar quarter beginning 270 days after the date on which the institution became “critically undercapitalized.” The FDIC may also appoint itself as conservator or receiver for an insured state non-member institution under specific circumstances on the basis of the institution’s financial condition or upon the occurrence of other events, including: (1) insolvency; (2) substantial dissipation of assets or earnings through violations of law or unsafe or unsound practices; (3) existence of an unsafe or unsound condition to transact business; and (4) insufficient capital, or the incurring of losses that will deplete substantially all of the institution’s capital with no reasonable prospect of replenishment without federal assistance.
 
Insurance of Deposit Accounts.  The Federal Deposit Insurance Reform Act of 2005 (the “Act”), signed by the President on February 8, 2006, revised the laws governing the federal deposit insurance system. The Act provides for the consolidation of the Bank and Savings Association Insurance Funds into a combined “Deposit Insurance Fund.”
 
Under the Act, insurance premiums are to be determined by the FDIC based on a number of factors, primarily the risk of loss that insured institutions pose to the Deposit Insurance Fund. The legislation


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eliminated the old minimum 1.25% reserve ratio for the insurance funds, the mandatory assessments when the ratio fell below 1.25% and the prohibition on assessing the highest quality banks when the ratio is above 1.25%. The Act provides the FDIC with flexibility to adjust the new insurance fund’s reserve ratio (the “Designated Reserve Ratio”) between 1.15% and 1.5% of estimated insured deposits, depending on projected losses, economic changes and assessment rates at the end of a calendar year. The FDIC has set the Designated Reserve Ratio at 1.25%. As of September 30, 2007, the actual reserve ratio was 1.22%. The FDIC has estimated that it will reach the 1.25% Designated Reserve Ratio by 2009 under current assessment rates.
 
Under the FDIC’s risk-based assessment system, the rate for an insured depository institution depends on the assessment risk classification assigned to the institution by the FDIC, which is determined by the institution’s CAMELS components supervisory ratings and financial ratios. Assessment rates are currently 5-7 basis points of assessable deposits for institutions in Risk Category I, and 10, 28 and 43 basis points in Risk Categories II, III and IV. The FDIC Board may adjust rates uniformly from one quarter to the next, except that no single adjustment can exceed three basis points. In addition, cumulative adjustments cannot exceed a maximum of three basis points higher or lower than the base rates (which range from 2 to 40 basis points) without further notice-and-comment rulemaking. Benjamin Franklin Bank is assigned to Risk Category I. For 2007 and 2006, Benjamin Franklin Bank’s total FDIC assessment was $76,130 and $80,506, respectively.
 
The FDIC may terminate insurance of deposits if it finds that the institution is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations, has engaged in unsafe or unsound practices, or has violated any applicable law, regulation, rule, order or condition imposed by the FDIC. The management of Benjamin Franklin Bank does not know of any practice, condition or violation that might lead to termination of deposit insurance.
 
Federal Reserve System.
 
The Federal Reserve Board regulations require depository institutions to maintain non-interest-earning reserves against their transaction accounts (primarily NOW and regular checking accounts). The Federal Reserve Board regulations generally require that reserves be maintained against aggregate transaction accounts as follows: for that portion of transaction accounts between $9.3 million and $43.9 million (which may be adjusted by the Federal Reserve Board) the reserve requirement is 3.0%; and for amounts greater than $43.9 million, 10.0% (which may be adjusted by the Federal Reserve Board between 8.0% and 14.0%), against that portion of total transaction accounts in excess of $43.9 million. The first $9.3 million of otherwise reservable balances (which may be adjusted by the Federal Reserve Board) are exempted from the reserve requirements. Benjamin Franklin Bank is in compliance with these requirements.
 
Federal Home Loan Bank System.
 
Benjamin Franklin Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank System, which consists of 12 regional Federal Home Loan Banks. The Federal Home Loan Bank provides a central credit facility primarily for member institutions. Members of the Federal Home Loan Bank are required to acquire and hold shares of capital stock in the Federal Home Loan Bank in an amount at least equal to 1.0% of the aggregate principal amount of its unpaid residential mortgage loans and similar obligations at the beginning of each year, or 1/20 of its advances (borrowings) from the Federal Home Loan Bank, whichever is greater. Benjamin Franklin Bank was in compliance with this requirement with an investment in Federal Home Loan Bank stock at December 31, 2007 of $9.1 million. At December 31, 2007, Benjamin Franklin Bank had $165.3 million in outstanding Federal Home Loan Bank advances.
 
The Federal Home Loan Banks are required to provide funds for certain purposes, including the resolution of insolvent thrifts in the late 1980s, and to contribute funds for affordable housing programs. These requirements could reduce the amount of dividends that the Federal Home Loan Banks pay to their members and result in the Federal Home Loan Banks imposing a higher rate of interest on advances to their members. If dividends were reduced, or interest on future Federal Home Loan Bank advances increased, a member bank affected by such reduction or increase would likely experience a reduction in its net interest income. Legislation has changed the structure of the Federal Home Loan Banks’ funding obligations for insolvent


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thrifts, revised the capital structure of the Federal Home Loan Banks and implemented entirely voluntary membership for Federal Home Loan Banks. For 2007 and 2006, cash dividends from the Federal Home Loan Bank to Benjamin Franklin Bank amounted to $573,000 and $421,000, respectively. There can be no assurance that such dividends will continue in the future. Further, there can be no assurance that the impact of recent or future legislation on the Federal Home Loan Banks also will not cause a decrease in the value of the Federal Home Loan Bank stock held by Benjamin Franklin Bank.
 
Holding Company Regulation.
 
General.  As a bank holding company, Benjamin Franklin Bancorp is subject to comprehensive regulation and regular examinations by the Federal Reserve Board. The Federal Reserve Board also has extensive enforcement authority over bank holding companies, including, among other things, the ability to assess civil money penalties, to issue cease and desist or removal orders and to require that a holding company divest subsidiaries (including its bank subsidiaries). In general, enforcement actions may be initiated for violations of law and regulations and unsafe or unsound practices.
 
As a bank holding company, Benjamin Franklin Bancorp must obtain the approval of the Federal Reserve Board before: (i) acquiring, directly or indirectly, ownership or control of any voting shares of another bank or bank holding company if, after such acquisition, it would own or control more than 5.0% of such shares (unless it already owns or controls the majority of such shares); (ii) acquiring all or substantially all of the assets of another bank or bank holding company; or (iii) merging or consolidating with another bank holding company. In addition, Benjamin Franklin Bancorp must obtain the approval of the Massachusetts Board of Bank Incorporation before becoming a “bank holding company” for Massachusetts law purposes. Under Massachusetts law, a bank holding company is generally defined as a company that directly or indirectly owns, controls or holds with power to vote 25.0% of the voting stock of each of two or more banking institutions.
 
Under Federal Reserve Board policy, a bank holding company must serve as a source of strength for its subsidiary bank. Under this policy, the Federal Reserve Board may require, and has required in the past, a holding company to contribute additional capital to an undercapitalized subsidiary bank.
 
The Banking Holding Company Act also prohibits a bank holding company, with certain exceptions, from acquiring direct or indirect ownership or control of more than 5.0% of the voting shares of any company which is not a bank or bank holding company, or from engaging directly or indirectly in activities other than those of banking, managing or controlling banks, or providing services for its subsidiaries. The principal exceptions to these prohibitions involve certain non-bank activities which, by statute or by Federal Reserve Board regulation or order, have been identified as activities closely related to the business of banking or managing or controlling banks. The list of activities permitted by the Federal Reserve Board includes, among other things: (i) operating a savings institution, mortgage company, finance company, credit card company or factoring company; (ii) performing certain data processing operations; (iii) providing certain investment and financial advice; (iv) underwriting and acting as an insurance agent for certain types of credit-related insurance; (v) leasing property on a full-payout, non-operating basis; (vi) selling money orders, travelers’ checks and United States Savings Bonds; (vii) real estate and personal property appraising; (viii) providing tax planning and preparation services; (ix) financing and investing in certain community development activities; and (x) subject to certain limitations, providing securities brokerage services for customers.
 
Dividends.  The Federal Reserve Board has issued a policy statement on the payment of cash dividends by bank holding companies, which expresses the Federal Reserve Board’s view that a bank holding company should pay cash dividends only to the extent that the holding company’s net income for the past year is sufficient to cover both the cash dividends and a rate of earnings retention that is consistent with the holding company’s capital needs, asset quality and overall financial condition. The Federal Reserve Board also indicated that it would be inappropriate for a company experiencing serious financial problems to borrow funds to pay dividends. Furthermore, under the prompt corrective action regulations adopted by the Federal Reserve Board, the Federal Reserve Board may prohibit a bank holding company from paying any dividends if the holding company’s bank subsidiary is classified as “undercapitalized.”


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Bank holding companies are required to give the Federal Reserve Board prior written notice of any purchase or redemption of its outstanding equity securities if the gross consideration for the purchase or redemption, when combined with the net consideration paid for all such purchases or redemptions during the preceding 12 months, is equal to 10.0% or more of the consolidated net worth of the bank holding company. The Federal Reserve Board may disapprove such a purchase or redemption if it determines that the proposal would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice or would violate any law, regulation, Federal Reserve Board order or any condition imposed by, or written agreement with, the Federal Reserve Board. This notification requirement does not apply to any company that meets the well-capitalized standard for commercial banks, is “well managed” within the meaning of the Federal Reserve Board regulations and is not subject to any unresolved supervisory issues.
 
Financial Modernization.  The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act permits greater affiliation among banks, securities firms, insurance companies, and other companies under a type of financial services company known as a “financial holding company.” A financial holding company essentially is a bank holding company with significantly expanded powers. Financial holding companies are authorized by statute to engage in a number of financial activities previously impermissible for bank holding companies, including securities underwriting, dealing and market making; sponsoring mutual funds and investment companies; insurance underwriting and agency; and merchant banking activities. The act also permits the Federal Reserve Board and the Treasury Department to authorize additional activities for financial holding companies if they are “financial in nature” or “incidental” to financial activities. A bank holding company may become a financial holding company if each of its subsidiary banks is well capitalized, well managed, and has at least a “satisfactory” Community Reinvestment Act rating. A financial holding company must provide notice to the Federal Reserve Board within 30 days after commencing activities previously determined by statute or by the Federal Reserve Board and Department of the Treasury to be permissible. Benjamin Franklin Bancorp has not submitted notice to the Federal Reserve Board of its intent to be deemed a financial holding company. However, it is not precluded from submitting a notice in the future should it wish to engage in activities only permitted to financial holding companies.
 
Miscellaneous Regulation.
 
Community Reinvestment Act.  Under the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA), as implemented by FDIC regulations, a bank has a continuing and affirmative obligation, consistent with its safe and sound operation, to help meet the credit needs of its entire community, including low and moderate income neighborhoods. The CRA does not establish specific lending requirements or programs for financial institutions nor does it limit an institution’s discretion to develop the types of products and services that it believes are best suited to its particular community, consistent with the CRA. The CRA does require the FDIC, in connection with its examination of a bank, to assess the institution’s record of meeting the credit needs of its community and to take such record into account in its evaluation of certain applications by such institution, including applications to acquire branches and other financial institutions. The CRA requires the FDIC to provide a written evaluation of an institution’s CRA performance utilizing a four-tiered descriptive rating system. Benjamin Franklin Bank’s latest FDIC CRA rating was “satisfactory.”
 
Massachusetts has its own statutory counterpart to the CRA which is also applicable to Benjamin Franklin Bank. The Massachusetts version is generally similar to the CRA but utilizes a five-tiered descriptive rating system. Massachusetts law requires the Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks to consider, but not be limited to, a bank’s record of performance under Massachusetts law in considering any application by the bank to establish a branch or other deposit-taking facility, to relocate an office or to merge or consolidate with or acquire the assets and assume the liabilities of any other banking institution. Benjamin Franklin Bank’s most recent rating under Massachusetts law was “high satisfactory.”
 
Consumer Protection And Fair Lending Regulations.  Massachusetts savings banks are subject to a variety of federal and Massachusetts statutes and regulations that are intended to protect consumers and prohibit discrimination in the granting of credit. These statutes and regulations provide for a range of sanctions for non-compliance with their terms, including imposition of administrative fines and remedial orders, and referral to the Attorney General for prosecution of a civil action for actual and punitive damages and


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injunctive relief. Certain of these statutes authorize private individual and class action lawsuits and the award of actual, statutory and punitive damages and attorneys’ fees for certain types of violations.
 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.  The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Sarbanes-Oxley”), a federal law that has imposed significant additional requirements and restrictions on publicly-held companies, is intended to increase corporate responsibility, provide for enhanced penalties for accounting and auditing improprieties and to protect investors by improving the accuracy and reliability of corporate disclosures pursuant to the securities laws.
 
The provisions of Sarbanes-Oxley include requirements governing the independence, composition and responsibilities of audit committees, financial disclosures and reporting and restrictions on personal loans to directors and officers. Sarbanes-Oxley, among other things, requires that the chief executive and chief financial officer certify as to the accuracy of periodic reports filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission, subject to civil and criminal penalties if they knowingly or willingly violate this certification requirement. For accelerated filers and large accelerated filers, Section 404 of Sarbanes-Oxley also requires the inclusion of an internal control report and assessment by management in the annual report to stockholders, and requires a company’s independent registered public accounting firm that issues the audit report to attest to and report on management’s assessment of the company’s internal controls. For the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company was an accelerated filer for the first time, subject to the requirements of Section 404 of Sarbanes-Oxley.
 
Forward-Looking Statements
 
This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements, which can be identified by the use of such words as estimate, project, believe, intend, anticipate, plan, seek, expect and similar expressions. These forward-looking statements include:
 
  •  statements of our goals, intentions and expectations;
 
  •  statements regarding our business plans and prospects and growth and operating strategies;
 
  •  statements regarding the asset quality of our loan and investment portfolios; and
 
  •  estimates of our risks and future costs and benefits.
 
These forward-looking statements are subject to significant risks, assumptions and uncertainties, including, among other things, the following important factors that could affect the actual outcome of future events:
 
  •  our ability to enter new markets successfully and take advantage of growth opportunities;
 
  •  significantly increased competition among depository and other financial institutions;
 
  •  inflation, changes in the interest rate environment (including changes in the shape of the yield curve) that reduce our margins or reduce the fair value of financial instruments;
 
  •  general economic conditions, either nationally or in our market areas, that are worse than expected;
 
  •  adverse changes in the securities markets;
 
  •  legislative or regulatory changes that adversely affect our business;
 
  •  changes in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits;
 
  •  changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the bank regulatory agencies, the Financial Accounting Standards Board and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board;
 
  •  changes in our organization, compensation and benefit plans; and
 
  •  the risk factors described below.
 
Because of these and other uncertainties, our actual future results may be materially different from the results indicated by these forward-looking statements. We discuss these and other uncertainties in “Risk


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Factors.” We disclaim any intent or obligation to update forward-looking statements whether in response to new information, future events or otherwise.
 
Item 1.A.   Risk Factors
 
The following risk factors are relevant to our future results and financial success, and you should read them with care:
 
Our Commercial Real Estate, Construction And Commercial Business Loans May Expose Us To Increased Credit Risks, And This Risk Will Increase As We Increase Our Investment In These Types Of Loans.
 
Residential real estate loans represent a smaller proportion of our loan portfolio than the average for savings institutions in New England. As of December 31, 2007, commercial real estate, construction and commercial business loans represented 62.7% of our loan portfolio. This proportion has increased significantly since December 31, 2004, when that percentage stood at 30.9%. The increase is the result of the acquisition of Chart Bank, which had a higher proportion of commercial loans in its portfolio than did Benjamin Franklin, and of internally-generated growth in commercial credits in the 2005 — 2007 years. We intend to grow commercial real estate and commercial business loans further as a proportion of our portfolio over the next several years. Construction loans, while they are not likely to increase as a percentage of total commercial loans, may increase in absolute terms in line with the overall growth in the Bank’s loan portfolio. In general, construction loans, commercial real estate loans and commercial business loans generate higher returns, but also pose greater credit risks, than do owner-occupied residential mortgage loans. As our various commercial loan portfolios increase, the corresponding risks and potential for losses from these loans may also increase.
 
The repayment of construction and commercial real estate loans depends on the business and financial condition of borrowers and, in the case of construction loans, on the economic viability of projects financed. A number of our borrowers have more than one construction or commercial real estate loan outstanding with us. Further, these loans are concentrated primarily in Eastern Massachusetts. Economic events and changes in government regulations, which we and our borrowers cannot control, could have an adverse impact on the cash flows generated by properties securing our construction and commercial real estate loans and on the values of the properties securing those loans. Commercial properties tend to decline in value more rapidly than residential owner-occupied properties during economic recessions. We held $224.2 million in construction and commercial real estate loans in our loan portfolio as of December 31, 2007 representing 36.7% of total loans on that date.
 
We make both secured and some short-term unsecured commercial business loans, holding $159.2 million of these loans in our loan portfolio as of December 31, 2007, representing 26.0% of total loans on that date. Of this amount, $120.6 million represent loans secured by owner-occupied commercial real estate, and $38.6 million are either unsecured or secured, typically by equipment, leases, inventory and accounts receivable. Repayment of both secured and unsecured commercial business loans depends substantially on borrowers’ underlying business, financial condition and cash flows. Unsecured loans generally involve a higher degree of risk of loss than do secured loans because, without collateral, repayment is wholly dependent upon the success of the borrowers’ businesses. For loans not secured by real estate, collateral is more difficult to monitor, its value is harder to ascertain, it may depreciate more rapidly and it may not be as readily saleable if repossessed.
 
Our Continuing Concentration Of Loans In Our Primary Market Area May Increase Our Risk.
 
Our success depends primarily on the general economic conditions in the counties in which we conduct business, and in the Boston metropolitan area in general. Unlike larger banks that are more geographically diversified, we provide banking and financial services to customers primarily in Norfolk, Middlesex and Worcester Counties, Massachusetts. The local economic conditions in our market area have a significant impact on our loans, including the ability of the borrowers to repay these loans, the value of the collateral securing these loans, and our ability to originate new loans. In 2007, housing prices and the level of housing


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activity overall both declined in Massachusetts. In part this is due to a softening of demand that began in 2006, and in part to the consequences of the turmoil in the sub-prime mortgage market, which has caused increased loan delinquency and foreclosure activity in Massachusetts and nationwide. Although economic activity and the level of employment generally remained stable in Massachusetts in 2007, a slowdown is forecast for the region in 2008. A significant decline in general economic conditions caused by these recent events, or more generally by inflation, recession, unemployment or other factors beyond our control would affect these local economic conditions and could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, because we have a significant amount of commercial real estate loans, decreases in tenant occupancy may also have a negative effect on the ability of many of our borrowers to make timely repayments of their loans, which would have an adverse impact on our earnings.
 
Our Return On Equity May Be Low Compared To Other Financial Institutions. A Low Return Could Lower The Trading Price Of Our Common Stock.
 
Net income divided by average stockholders’ equity, known as “return on equity,” is a ratio many investors use to compare the performance of a financial institution to its peers. Our return on equity may be reduced due to the expenses we will incur in pursuing our growth strategies, the costs of being a public company and added expenses associated with our employee stock ownership plan and stock-based incentive plan. The core deposit intangible asset created by the Chart Bank acquisition will continue to have a negative impact on our return on equity, and if our periodic evaluation of the goodwill created by the Chart Bank acquisition results in a determination of impairment, we would be required to reduce its carrying value through a charge to earnings. Until we can increase our net interest income and non-interest income, we expect our return on equity to be below the industry average for public thrifts, which may negatively affect the value of our common stock.
 
Our Branch Expansion Strategy May Not Be Accretive To Earnings.
 
In the past eighteen months, we have opened new branches in Watertown and Wellesley, Massachusetts. For these new branches, numerous factors contribute to their performance, such as a suitable location, qualified personnel and an effective marketing strategy. Additionally, it takes time for a new branch to gather significant loans and deposits to generate enough income to offset its expenses, some of which, like salaries and occupancy expense, are relatively fixed costs. There can be no assurance that our branch expansion strategy will be accretive to our earnings, or that it will be accretive to earnings within a reasonable period of time.
 
Strong Competition Within Our Market Area May Limit Our Growth And Profitability.
 
We face significant competition both in attracting deposits and in the origination of loans. Savings banks, credit unions, savings and loan associations and commercial banks operating in our primary market area have historically provided most of our competition for deposits. In addition, and particularly in times of high interest rates, we face additional and significant competition for funds from money-market mutual funds and issuers of corporate and government securities. Competition for the origination of real estate and other loans comes from other thrift institutions, commercial banks, insurance companies, finance companies, other institutional lenders and mortgage companies. Many of our competitors have substantially greater financial and other resources than ours. Moreover, we may face increased competition in the origination of loans if competing thrift institutions convert to stock form, because such converting thrifts would likely seek to invest their new capital into loans. Finally, credit unions do not pay federal or state income taxes and are subject to fewer regulatory constraints than savings banks and as a result, they may enjoy a competitive advantage over us. This advantage places significant competitive pressure on the prices of our loans and deposits.
 
Our Ability to Grow May Be Limited if We Cannot Make Acquisitions.
 
In an effort to increase our loan and deposit growth, we will continue to seek to expand our banking franchise, including through acquisitions of other financial institutions or branches if opportunities arise. Our ability to grow through selective acquisitions of other financial institutions or branches will depend on


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successfully identifying, acquiring and integrating them. We compete with other financial institutions with respect to proposed acquisitions. We cannot assure you that we will be able to identify attractive acquisition candidates or make acquisitions on favorable terms. In addition, we cannot assure you that we can successfully integrate any acquired financial institutions or branches into our banking organization in a timely or efficient manner, that we will be successful in retaining existing customer relationships or that we can achieve anticipated operating efficiencies.
 
We Operate In A Highly Regulated Environment And May Be Adversely Affected By Changes In Law And Regulations.
 
We are subject to extensive regulation, supervision and examination. See “Regulation and Supervision.” Any change in the laws or regulations applicable to us, or in banking regulators’ supervisory policies or examination procedures, whether by the Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks, the FDIC, the Federal Reserve Board, other state or federal regulators, the United States Congress or the Massachusetts legislature could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
 
We are subject to regulations promulgated by the Massachusetts Division of Banks, as our chartering authority, and by the FDIC as the insurer of our deposits up to certain limits. We also belong to the Federal Home Loan Bank System and, as a member of such system, we are subject to certain limited regulations promulgated by the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston. In addition, the Federal Reserve Board regulates and oversees Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, as a bank holding company.
 
This regulation and supervision limits the activities in which we may engage. The purpose of regulation and supervision is primarily to protect our depositors and borrowers and, in the case of FDIC regulation, the FDIC’s insurance fund. Regulatory authorities have extensive discretion in the exercise of their supervisory and enforcement powers. They may, among other things, impose restrictions on the operation of a banking institution, the classification of assets by such institution and such institution’s allowance for loan losses. Regulatory and law enforcement authorities also have wide discretion and extensive enforcement powers under various consumer protection and civil rights laws, including the Truth-in-Lending Act, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Housing Act, the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act and Massachusetts’s deceptive acts and practices law. These laws also permit private individual and class action law suits and provide for the recovery of attorneys fees in certain instances. No assurance can be given that the foregoing regulations and supervision will not change so as to affect us adversely.
 
Changes in Market Interest Rates Could Adversely Affect Our Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
 
Our profitability, like that of most financial institutions, depends to a large extent upon our net interest income, which is the difference, or spread, between our gross interest income on interest-earning assets, such as loans and securities, and our interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowed funds. Accordingly, our results of operations and financial condition depend largely on movements in market interest rates and our ability to manage our interest-rate-sensitive assets and liabilities in response to these movements. Changes in interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Because, as a general matter, we believe our interest-bearing liabilities re-price or mature more quickly than our interest-earning assets, an increase in interest rates can be expected to result in a decrease in our interest rate spread and net interest income.
 
Changes in interest rates also affect the value of our interest-earning assets, including, in particular, the value of our investment securities portfolio. Generally, the value of investment securities fluctuates inversely with changes in interest rates. At December 31, 2007, our securities portfolio totaled $168.4 million, including $156.8 million of securities available for sale. Unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity, net of related taxes. Decreases in the fair value of securities available for sale therefore would have an adverse affect on our stockholders’ equity. We are also subject to reinvestment risk relating to interest rate movements. Decreases in interest rates can result in increased prepayments of loans and mortgage-related securities, as borrowers refinance to reduce their


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borrowing costs. Under these circumstances, we are subject to reinvestment risk to the extent that we are not able to reinvest funds from such prepayments at rates that are comparable to the rates on the prepaid loans or securities. On the other hand, increases in interest rates on adjustable-rate mortgage loans result in larger mortgage payments due from borrowers, which could potentially increase our level of loan delinquencies and defaults. Refer to Item 7A. “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” for additional information on the Company’s exposure to changes in market interest rates.
 
Our Stock Value May Suffer From Anti-Takeover Provisions That May Impede Potential Takeovers.
 
Our governing statute, and our articles and by-laws, contain provisions (sometimes known as anti-takeover provisions) that may impede efforts to acquire us, or impede stock purchases in furtherance of an acquisition, even though acquisition efforts or stock purchases might otherwise have a favorable effect on the price of our common stock. Those provisions will also make it more difficult to remove our Board and management. The Massachusetts Business Corporation Law provides for staggered directors’ terms, limits the stockholders’ ability to remove directors and empowers only the directors to fill board vacancies. Even if our Board elects to opt out of these statutory provisions, our articles contain similar provisions. Our articles and by-laws also provide for, among other things, restrictions on the acquisition of more than 10.0% of our outstanding voting stock for a period of five years after completion of the conversion, and approval of certain actions, including certain business combinations, by specified percentages of our “disinterested Directors” (as defined in the articles) or by specified percentages of the shares outstanding and entitled to vote. The articles also authorize the Board of Directors to issue shares of preferred stock, the rights and preferences of which may be designated by the Board, without the approval of our stockholders. The articles also establish supermajority voting requirements for amendments to the articles and by-laws, limit stockholders’ ability to call special meetings of stockholders, and impose advance notice provisions on stockholders’ ability to nominate directors or to propose matters for consideration at stockholder meetings.
 
Federal and state regulations and laws may also have anti-takeover effects. The Change in Bank Control Act and the Bank Holding Company Act, together with Federal Reserve Board regulations under those acts, require that a person obtain the consent of the Federal Reserve Board before attempting to acquire control of a bank holding company. In addition, Massachusetts laws place certain limitations on acquisitions of the stock of banking institutions and imposes restrictions on business combination transactions between publicly held Massachusetts corporations and stockholders owning 5.0% or more of the stock of those corporations.
 
Item 1.B.   Unresolved Staff Comments
 
None.


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Item 2.   Properties
 
Benjamin Franklin Bank conducts its business through its main office located in Franklin, Massachusetts and ten other offices located southeast of the Boston metropolitan area. The following table sets forth information about our offices as of December 31, 2007:
 
                 
    Year Opened/
      Expiration of
  Renewal
    Acquired   Owned or Leased   Lease   Options
 
Main Office:
               
58 Main Street
               
Franklin, MA 02038
  1935   Owned    
                 
Branch Offices:                
231 East Central Street                
Franklin, MA 02038
  1998   Leased   December 2021   Three 5-year
renewal terms
4 North Main Street                
Bellingham, MA 02019
  1982   Leased   December 2021   Three 5-year
renewal terms
1 Mechanic Street                
Foxborough, MA 02035
  1998   Leased   December 2021   Three 5-year
renewal terms
76 North Street                
Medfield, MA 02052
  1998   Owned    
                 
221 Main Street                
Milford, MA 01757
  1992   Leased   December 2021   Three 5-year
renewal terms
40 Austin Street                
Newton, MA 02460
  2005   Leased   December 2021   Three 5-year
renewal terms
1290 Main Street
               
Waltham, MA 02451
  2005   Leased   December 2021   Three 5-year
renewal terms
75 Moody Street                
Waltham, MA 02453
  2005   Leased   March 2018   Three 10-year
renewal terms
330 Washington Street                
Wellesley, MA 02481
  2006   Leased   December 2010   Two 5-year
renewal terms
430B Main Street
               
Watertown, MA 02472
  2006   Leased   June 2016   Two 5-year
renewal terms
 
Item 3.   Legal Proceedings
 
Benjamin Franklin Bancorp is not involved in any legal proceedings other than routine legal proceedings occurring in the ordinary course of business. Management believes that those routine legal proceedings involve, in the aggregate, amounts that are immaterial to the financial condition and results of operations of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp.
 
Item 4.   Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
 
Not applicable.


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PART II
 
Item 5.   Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
 
(a) (1) Market Information.
 
The Company’s common stock began trading on the NASDAQ National Market under the symbol ‘BFBC’ on April 5, 2005 and it currently trades on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under that symbol. Before that time, the Company was a mutual holding company and had never issued capital stock. The following table sets forth the high and low prices of our common stock and the dividends declared per share for the periods indicated:
 
                         
                Dividends Declared
 
    High     Low     Per Share  
 
2006
                       
First Quarter
  $ 14.25     $ 13.00     $ 0.03  
Second Quarter
    14.19       13.58       0.03  
Third Quarter
    14.20       13.76       0.03  
Fourth Quarter
    16.36       13.81       0.04  
2007
                       
First Quarter
  $ 16.94     $ 14.19     $ 0.04  
Second Quarter
    15.68       13.50       0.06  
Third Quarter
    14.34       12.01       0.06  
Fourth Quarter
    14.98       12.08       0.06  
 
(a) (2) Holders.
 
As of December 31, 2007, there were 7,856,172 shares of common stock outstanding, which were held by approximately 1,300 registered holders. This number does not reflect the number of persons or entities holding stock in nominee name through banks, brokerage firms, and other nominees.
 
(a) (3) Dividends.
 
The Company began paying quarterly dividends in 2005 on its common stock and currently intends to continue to do so for the foreseeable future. The payment of dividends will depend upon a number of factors, including capital requirements, Benjamin Franklin Bancorp’s and Benjamin Franklin Bank’s financial condition and results of operations, tax considerations, statutory and regulatory limitations and general economic conditions. No assurances can be given that any dividends will be paid or that, if paid, will not be reduced or eliminated in the future.
 
The only funds available for the payment of dividends on the capital stock of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp will be cash and cash equivalents held by Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, dividends paid by Benjamin Franklin Bank to Benjamin Franklin Bancorp and borrowings. Benjamin Franklin Bank will be prohibited from paying cash dividends to Benjamin Franklin Bancorp to the extent that any such payment would reduce Benjamin Franklin Bank’s capital below required capital levels or would impair the liquidation account established for the benefit of Benjamin Franklin Bank’s eligible account holders and supplemental eligible account holders at the time of the conversion.
 
FDIC regulations limit Benjamin Franklin Bank’s ability to pay dividends to Benjamin Franklin Bancorp under certain circumstances. For example, Benjamin Franklin Bank could not pay dividends if it was not in compliance with applicable regulatory capital requirements. In addition, Massachusetts law provides that dividends may not be declared, credited or paid by Benjamin Franklin Bank so long as there is any impairment of capital stock. No dividend may be declared on Benjamin Franklin Bank’s common stock for any period other than for which dividends are declared upon preferred stock, except as authorized by the Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks. The approval of the Commissioner is also required for Benjamin


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Franklin Bank to declare a dividend, if the total of all dividends declared by it in any calendar year shall exceed the total of its net profits for that year combined with its retained net profits of the preceding two years, less any required transfer to surplus or a fund for the retirement of any preferred stock.
 
(a) (4) Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans.
 
The following table provides information as of December 31, 2007 with respect to shares of common stock that may be issued under the Company’s Stock Incentive Plan, approved by shareholders at the May 11, 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders:
 
                         
                C
 
                Number of Securities
 
    A
          Remaining Available for
 
    Number of Securities
    B
    Future Issuance Under
 
    to be Issued
    Weighted-Average
    Equity Compensation
 
    Upon Exercises of
    Exercise Price of
    Plans (Excluding Securities
 
Plan Category
  Outstanding Options     Outstanding Options     Reflected in Column A)  
 
Equity compensation plans approved by security shareholders:
                       
Stock options
    541,766     $ 13.64       55,975  
Restricted stock
                    16,593  
Equity compensation plans not approved by security shareholders
                 
                         
Total
    541,766     $ 13.64       72,568  
                         


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(a) (5) Performance Graph.
 
The following graph compares the performance of the Company’s common stock (assuming reinvestment of dividends) with the total return for companies within the Russell 2000, the SNL New England Thrift Index and the SNL New England Bank Index. The calculation of total cumulative return assumes a $100 investment was made at market close on April 5, 2005, the date the Company’s stock began trading after the Company’s initial public offering.
 
Total Return Performance
 
(GRAPH)
 
                                                 
    Period Ending
Index   04/05/05   12/31/05   06/30/06   12/31/06   06/30/07   12/31/07
Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc. 
    100.00       140.46       137.96       164.23       139.78       134.34  
                                                 
Russell 2000
    100.00       110.55       119.63       130.85       139.29       128.80  
                                                 
SNL New England Bank Index
    100.00       111.99       117.92       132.18       136.53       154.72  
                                                 
SNL New England Thrift Index
    100.00       109.80       116.28       143.09       125.43       118.57  
                                                 
 
(b) Use of Proceeds. Not applicable.
 
(c) Repurchases of Equity Securities.
 
On November 14, 2006, Benjamin Franklin Bancorp announced that its Board of Directors had authorized a plan to repurchase up to 412,490 shares (approximately 5%) of the Company’s outstanding common shares, at the discretion of management through open market transactions or negotiated block transactions. In 2007, the Company repurchased all shares authorized under this plan, at an average price of $14.28 per share. On November 29, 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a second repurchase plan, permitting the repurchase of up to a maximum of 394,200 shares. As of March 15, 2008, total repurchases under the second plan were 215,000 at an average price of $13.62 per share. In the fourth quarter of 2007, the Company purchased 115,690 shares, as follows:
 
                                 
                      (d)Maximum number
 
                      (or approximate
 
                (c)Total Number of
    dollar value) of
 
                Shares Purchased as
    shares that may yet
 
                Part of Publicly
    be purchased under
 
    (a)Total Number of
    (b)Average Price
    Announced Plans or
    the Plans or
 
Period
  Shares Purchased     Paid per Share     Programs     Programs  
 
October 1-31
    86,290     $ 14.64       86,290        
November 1-30
                      394,200  
December 1-31
    29,400     $ 12.93       29,400       364,800  
                                 
Total
    115,690     $ 14.20       115,690          


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Item 6.   Selected Financial Data
 
The following tables contain certain information concerning the consolidated financial position and results of operations of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp at the dates and for the periods indicated. This information should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiary and notes thereto appearing in Item 8 of this Annual Report and Management’s Discussion and Analysis appearing in Item 7 of this Annual Report.
 
                                         
    At December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005     2004     2003  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Selected Financial Condition Data:
                                       
Total assets
  $ 903,278     $ 914,122     $ 867,515     $ 517,691     $ 458,972  
Loans, net(1)
    606,946       640,213       605,590       383,671       288,990  
Securities(2)
    168,352       137,964       132,500       93,262       110,254  
Deposits
    617,368       633,179       611,673       396,499       380,257  
Short-term borrowings
    2,500       10,000             4,250        
Long-term debt
    162,784       148,969       140,339       81,000       45,000  
Stockholders’ equity
    107,444       109,405       108,112       31,328       29,301  
 
 
(1) Includes loans held for sale of $63,730 at December 31, 2006.
 
(2) Includes restricted equity securities.
 
                                         
    For the Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006(3)     2005(1)(2)     2004     2003  
    (Dollars in thousands, except per share data)  
 
Selected Operating Data:
                                       
Interest and dividend income
  $ 48,173     $ 44,259     $ 35,135     $ 20,795     $ 19,532  
Interest expense
    24,488       20,863       13,117       7,032       6,752  
                                         
Net interest income
    23,685       23,396       22,018       13,763       12,780  
Provision for loan losses(4)
    634       201       525       451       497  
                                         
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
    23,051       23,195       21,493       13,312       12,283  
Non-interest income
    7,772       3,549       3,487       2,148       2,990  
Gain (loss) on sale/write-down of securities, net
    38       (25 )           (24 )     86  
Non-interest expense(4)
    25,687       22,337       23,437       12,855       12,852  
                                         
Income before income tax provision
    5,174       4,382       1,543       2,581       2,507  
Income tax provision (benefit)
    1,532       (358 )     1,112       892       819  
                                         
Net income
  $ 3,642     $ 4,740     $ 431     $ 1,689     $ 1,688  
                                         
Dividends paid per common share
  $ 0.22     $ 0.13     $ 0.06       n/a       n/a  
Dividend payout ratio
    46.81 %     21.67 %     n/a       n/a       n/a  
Earnings per share (basic)
  $ 0.48     $ 0.60       n/a       n/a       n/a  
Earnings per share (diluted)
  $ 0.47     $ 0.60       n/a       n/a       n/a  
 
 
(1) Operating results for 2005 reflect the acquisition of Chart Bank, the conversion from mutual to stock form, and the $4.0 million pre-tax contribution to the Benjamin Franklin Bank Charitable Foundation, all occurring on April 4, 2005.(*)
 
(2) The Company’s mutual-to-stock conversion was completed on April 4, 2005. Because shares were not issued and outstanding for the entire period, earnings per share have not been reported for the year ended


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December 31, 2005. Earnings per share (both basic and diluted) were $.16 in each of the third and fourth quarters of 2005. Cash dividends paid per share were $.03 in each of the third and fourth quarters of 2005.
 
(3) Operating results for 2006 reflect the effect of the sale and leaseback of six of the Bank’s branch locations as well as a loss incurred upon the designation of $63.7 million of loans as held for sale at December 31, 2006.(*)
 
(4) In 2007, the Company reclassified the provision for unfunded lending commitments from the provision for loan losses to non-interest expense, for all periods presented.(*)
 
(*) For further information see Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”.
 
                                         
    At or For the Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005     2004     2003  
 
Selected Financial Ratios and Other Data:
                                       
Performance Ratios:
                                       
Return on average assets (ratio of net income to average total assets)
    0.40 %     0.53 %     0.06 %     0.34 %     0.36 %
Return on average equity (ratio of net income to average equity)
    3.36 %     4.35 %     0.49 %     5.59 %     5.65 %
Net interest rate spread(1)
    2.40 %     2.45 %     2.79 %     2.63 %     2.76 %
Net interest margin(2)
    3.00 %     3.01 %     3.21 %     3.00 %     2.98 %
Efficiency ratio(3)
    80.13 %     71.38 %     68.00 %     79.66 %     80.35 %
Non-interest expense to average total assets
    2.84 %     2.50 %     3.01 %     2.61 %     2.76 %
Average interest-earning assets to average interest- bearing liabilities
    118.34 %     120.06 %     121.90 %     123.91 %     114.38 %
Asset Quality Ratios:
                                       
Non-performing assets to total assets
    0.18 %     0.17 %     0.05 %     0.07 %     0.10 %
Non-performing loans to total loans and loans held for sale
    0.26 %     0.24 %     0.08 %     0.09 %     0.16 %
Allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans
    362.27 %     344.77 %     1115.85 %     852.82 %     517.28 %
Allowance for loan losses to total loans
    0.94 %     0.92 %     0.85 %     0.74 %     0.82 %
Capital Ratios:
                                       
Equity to total assets at end of year
    11.89 %     11.97 %     12.46 %     6.05 %     6.38 %
Average equity to average assets
    11.98 %     12.20 %     11.36 %     6.13 %     6.42 %
Risk-based capital ratio at end of year
    12.32 %     14.43 %     15.30 %     12.48 %     13.94 %
Other Data:
                                       
Number of full service offices
    11       10       9       6       6  
 
 
(1) The net interest rate spread represents the difference between the weighted-average yield on interest-earning assets and the weighted-average cost of interest-bearing liabilities for the period.
 
(2) The net interest margin represents net interest income as a percent of average interest-earning assets for the period.
 
(3) The efficiency ratio represents non-interest expense minus expenses related to the amortization of intangible assets, and (in 2005) to the contribution to the Benjamin Franklin Bank Charitable Foundation, divided by the sum of net interest income (before the loan loss provision) plus non-interest income (excluding nonrecurring net gains (losses) on sale of bank assets).


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Item 7.   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
This section is intended to help potential investors understand the financial performance of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp and Benjamin Franklin Bank through a discussion of the factors affecting our financial condition at December 31, 2007 and 2006 and our consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005. This section should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes to the consolidated financial statements that appear in Item 8 of this Annual Report. In this section, we sometimes refer to Benjamin Franklin Bank and Benjamin Franklin Bancorp together as “Benjamin Franklin” since the financial condition and results of operation of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp closely reflect the financial condition and results of operation of its sole operating subsidiary, Benjamin Franklin Bank.
 
Overview
 
Financial Condition.  The year 2007 marked another period of growth in core business for the Company, driven by strong growth in commercial loans and core deposits. The Company’s commercial loan growth in 2007 was $54.3 million, an increase of 16.5% compared to year-end 2006. This growth was focused in commercial business loans (up $58.2 million or 57.6%) and commercial real estate loans (up $9.3 million or 5.8%). The Bank’s focus on attracting and retaining core deposit accounts (savings, money market, demand and NOW accounts) produced an aggregate twelve-month increase of $29.6 million, or 9.1%, over year-end 2006. Growth in core deposits was fueled by two new branch locations in the past 18 months, increased sales resources and new product offerings. Core deposit growth was offset by a $45.4 million, or 14.7%, decrease in time deposits during the year, as the Bank cut back its premium-rate promotional certificate offerings. The Company’s borrowed funds increased by $6.3 million, or 4.0%, to a total of $165.3 million at December 31, 2007, compared to December 31, 2006. The Company was active in repurchasing its common stock in 2007, utilizing $6.3 million of funds to buy back 441,890 shares.
 
The year 2007 also contained a shift in the composition of the Company’s earning asset portfolios. In the first quarter, the Company completed a sale of over $62 million in adjustable-rate residential mortgage loans that were classified as held for sale, and re-invested approximately 62% of those proceeds into mortgage-backed and other securities. Overall, the securities portfolio increased by $30.4 million, or 22.0%, during the year 2007. In addition, while the overall commercial loan portfolio increased by $54.3 million in 2007, the component representing construction loans decreased by $13.1 million or 19.0% year-over-year. In mid-2006, the Company decided to consider fewer construction loan transactions and toughen underwriting standards.
 
The credit quality of the Company’s loan and investment portfolios remains strong at year end 2007. Loan portfolio delinquencies declined to 0.71% of total loans at December 31, 2007 from 1.78% at year-end 2006, while the ratio of non-performing assets to total assets at December 31, 2007 was 0.18%, compared to 0.17% at year-end 2006. The allowance for loan losses as a percent of loans was .94% at December 31, 2007, compared to .92% at December 31, 2006, with net charge-offs during 2007 of $182,000. The Bank provided $634,000 for loan losses in the year 2007 (compared to $201,000 in 2006), primarily due to overall portfolio loan growth and a changing loan mix weighted more heavily in commercial loans. The Bank has not originated and does not own any sub-prime residential mortgage loans, and the Bank’s portfolio of mortgage-backed securities was originated by government-sponsored enterprises and is not collateralized by any sub-prime loans.
 
Operating Results.  For the year ended December 31, 2007, Benjamin Franklin Bancorp earned $3.6 million, or $.47 per diluted share ($.48 per basic share) compared to $4.7 million, or $.60 per share (basic and diluted) for the year 2006.
 
Benjamin Franklin Bancorp’s results of operations are dependent mainly on net interest income, which is the difference between the income earned on its loan and investment portfolios and interest expense incurred on its deposits and borrowed funds. Results of operations are also affected by fee and other income from banking and non-banking operations, gains (losses) on sales of loans and securities available for sale, as well as operating expenses, provisions for loan losses, and federal and state income taxes.


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The Company’s net interest income increased by $289,000, or 1.2%, comparing the years 2007 and 2006. The net interest margin for the two years was 3.00% and 3.01%, respectively. Growth in net interest income and margin has been extremely challenging in light of both the competition for loans and deposits, and an adverse interest rate environment over the past several years. The net interest margin has been adversely impacted over a protracted period of time during which the overall shape of the yield curve was either flat or inverted. Beginning mid-way in the second half of 2007, prompted by adverse economic trends, the yield curve returned to a normal, upward slope.
 
The quality of the Bank’s loan assets, as well as growth and mix, influences earnings in part through provisions to the allowance for loan losses. Benjamin Franklin Bank’s loan loss provision increased by $433,000 comparing the years 2007 and 2006. As asset quality was relatively unchanged from year-to-year, the increase in 2007’s provision in large part can be attributed to growth in commercial loan assets and a decline in residential mortgages, and the higher risk associated with this change in loan mix.
 
Non-interest income increased from $3.5 million in the year 2006 to $7.8 million in 2007. During the fourth quarter of 2006, the Company incurred two non-recurring losses totaling $2.9 million. Excluding those non-recurring losses (related to the designation of certain portfolio residential mortgage loans as held for sale and a branch sale/leaseback transaction) and approximately $400,000 in non-recurring gains recorded in 2007, non-interest income increased by $1.0 million or 16.0% in 2007. A majority of the $1.0 million increase pertained to growth in loan-related fees and increased gains on sales of residential loans originated for sale.
 
The Company’s operating expenses increased by $3.4 million or 15.0% in the year 2007, compared to 2006, led by $3.0 million of growth in salaries and employee benefits. Increases in commercial and retail business and product development staff, the costs of staffing two new branch locations, and increases in retirement costs and employee health benefits all contributed notably to the increase. Occupancy costs also increased by $825,000 year-over-year, due primarily to the onset of rental expense in a six-branch sale/leaseback transaction as well costs to run two new branches opened since September 2006.
 
Critical Accounting Policies
 
Critical accounting policies are those that involve significant judgments and assessments by management, and which could potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. Benjamin Franklin considers the following to be critical accounting policies:
 
Allowance for Loan Losses.  This accounting policy is considered critical due to the high degree of judgment involved, the subjectivity of the underlying assumptions used, and the potential for changes in the economic environment that could result in material changes in the amount of the allowance for loan losses considered necessary. The allowance is evaluated on a regular basis by management and is based on a periodic review of the collectibility of the loans in light of historical experience, the nature and size of the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect borrowers’ ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral and prevailing economic conditions. For a full discussion of the allowance for loan losses, please refer to “Business — Asset Quality” in Item 1.
 
Income Taxes.  Management considers accounting for income taxes as a critical accounting policy due to the subjective nature of certain estimates that are involved in the calculation. Benjamin Franklin uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. A valuation allowance related to deferred tax assets is established when, in management’s judgment, it is more likely than not that all or a portion of such deferred tax assets will not be realized. Adjustments to increase or decrease the valuation allowance are generally charged or credited, respectively, to income tax expense.
 
Intangible Assets.  Benjamin Franklin considers accounting for goodwill to be critical because significant judgment is exercised in performing periodic valuations of this asset, which arose through the acquisitions of Chart Bank and Foxboro National Bank. Goodwill is evaluated for potential impairment on an annual basis as of each December 31st, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate a potential for impairment. At


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the time of each acquisition, the operations of Chart Bank and Foxboro National Bank were combined with the operations of Benjamin Franklin based on similar economic characteristics. Accordingly, discrete financial information is not separately maintained to evaluate the operating results of the former Chart Bank and Foxboro National Bank and, as a result, in performing a goodwill impairment evaluation, Benjamin Franklin measures the fair value of the entire Company, rather than that of each of the acquired banks. If impairment is detected, the carrying value of goodwill is reduced through a charge to earnings. The evaluation of goodwill involves estimations of discount rates and the timing of projected future cash flows, which are subject to change with changes in economic conditions and other factors. Such changes in the assumptions used to evaluate this intangible asset affect its value and could have a material adverse impact on Benjamin Franklin’s results of operations.
 
This discussion has highlighted those accounting policies that management considers to be critical, however all accounting policies are important, and therefore the reader is encouraged to review each of the policies included in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements to gain a better understanding of how Benjamin Franklin’s financial performance is measured and reported.
 
Analysis of Net Interest Income
 
Net interest income represents the difference between income on interest-earning assets and expense on interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest income depends upon the relative amounts of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the interest rates earned or paid on them.


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The following table sets forth average balance sheets, average yields and costs, and certain other information for the periods indicated. All average balances are daily average balances. Non-accrual loans were included in the computation of average balances, but have been reflected in the table as loans carrying a zero yield. The yields set forth below include the effect of deferred fees, discounts and premiums that are amortized or accreted to interest income or expense.
 
                                                                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005  
    Average
                Average
                Average
             
    Outstanding
          Yield/
    Outstanding
          Yield/
    Outstanding
          Yield/
 
    Balance     Interest     Rate     Balance     Interest     Rate     Balance     Interest     Rate  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Interest-earning assets:
                                                                       
Loans(4)
  $ 608,811     $ 39,182       6.38 %   $ 626,715     $ 37,676       5.97 %   $ 547,542     $ 30,409       5.56 %
Securities
    162,349       8,139       5.01 %     137,765       5,925       4.30 %     120,007       4,211       3.51 %
Short-term investments
    17,861       852       4.70 %     13,906       658       4.66 %     18,701       515       2.75 %
                                                                         
Total interest-earning assets
    789,021       48,173       6.06 %     778,386       44,259       5.65 %     686,250       35,135       5.13 %
Non-interest-earning assets
    116,246                       113,930                       91,508                  
                                                                         
Total assets
  $ 905,267                     $ 892,316                     $ 777,758                  
                                                                         
Interest-bearing liabilities:
                                                                       
Savings accounts
  $ 81,691       397       0.49 %   $ 91,201       456       0.50 %   $ 102,781       518       0.50 %
Money market accounts
    109,123       2,917       2.67 %     100,741       2,299       2.28 %     95,638       1,553       1.62 %
NOW accounts
    40,607       922       2.27 %     27,155       75       0.27 %     31,742       63       0.20 %
Certificates of deposit
    281,138       12,749       4.53 %     288,969       11,717       4.05 %     222,500       6,366       2.86 %
                                                                         
Total deposits
    512,559       16,985       3.31 %     508,066       14,547       2.86 %     452,661       8,500       1.88 %
Borrowings
    154,206       7,503       4.80 %     140,281       6,316       4.44 %     110,281       4,617       4.19 %
                                                                         
Total interest-bearing liabilities
    666,765       24,488       3.66 %     648,347       20,863       3.20 %     562,942       13,117       2.34 %
Non-interest bearing liabilities
    130,067                       135,082                       126,455                  
                                                                         
Total liabilities
    796,832                       783,429                       689,397                  
Equity
    108,435                       108,887                       88,361                  
                                                                         
Total liabilities and equity
  $ 905,267                     $ 892,316                     $ 777,758                  
                                                                         
Net interest income
          $ 23,685                     $ 23,396                     $ 22,018          
                                                                         
Net interest rate spread(1)
                    2.40 %                     2.45 %                     2.79 %
Net interest-earning assets(2)
  $ 122,256                     $ 130,039                     $ 123,308                  
                                                                         
Net interest margin(3)
                    3.00 %                     3.01 %                     3.21 %
Average of interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities
                    118.34 %                     120.06 %                     121.90 %
 
 
(1) Net interest rate spread represents the difference between the weighted-average yield on interest-earning assets and the weighted-average cost of interest-bearing liabilities.
 
(2) Net interest-earning assets represents total interest-earning assets less total interest-bearing liabilities.
 
(3) Net interest margin represents net interest income divided by average total interest-earning assets.
 
(4) Loans include loans held for sale.
 
The following table presents the dollar amount of changes in interest income and interest expense for the major categories of Benjamin Franklin’s interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Information is provided for each category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities with respect to (i) changes attributable to changes in volume (i.e., changes in average balances multiplied by the prior-period average


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rate) and (ii) changes attributable to rate (i.e., changes in average rate multiplied by prior-period average balances). For purposes of this table, changes attributable to both rate and volume, which cannot be segregated, have been allocated proportionately to the change due to volume and the change due to rate.
 
                                                 
    Years Ended December 31,
    Years Ended December 31,
 
    2007 vs. 2006     2006 vs. 2005  
                Total
                Total
 
    Increase (Decrease) Due to     Increase
    Increase (Decrease) Due to     Increase
 
    Volume     Rate     (Decrease)     Volume     Rate     (Decrease)  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Interest-earning assets:
                                               
Loans
  $ (1,098 )   $ 2,604     $ 1,506     $ 4,628     $ 2,639     $ 7,267  
Securities
    1,148       1,066       2,214       679       1,035       1,714  
Short-term investments
    189       5       194       (157 )     300       143  
                                                 
Total interest-earning assets
    239       3,675       3,914       5,150       3,974       9,124  
                                                 
Interest-bearing liabilities:
                                               
Savings accounts
    (46 )     (13 )     (59 )     (58 )     (4 )     (62 )
Money market accounts
    202       416       618       87       659       746  
NOW accounts
    54       793       847       (10 )     22       12  
Certificates of deposit
    (325 )     1,357       1,032       2,233       3,118       5,351  
                                                 
Total deposits
    (115 )     2,553       2,438       2,252       3,795       6,047  
Borrowings
    655       532       1,187       1,330       369       1,699  
                                                 
Total interest-bearing liabilities
    540       3,085       3,625       3,582       4,164       7,746  
                                                 
Change in net interest income
  $ (301 )   $ 590     $ 289     $ 1,568     $ (190 )   $ 1,378  
                                                 
 
Comparison of Financial Condition At December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006
 
Total Assets.  Total assets decreased by $10.8 million, or 1.2%, from $914.1 million at December 31, 2006 to $903.3 million at December 31, 2007. This decline was primarily the result of the disposition of $63.7 million of loans held for sale at year-end 2006, largely offset by growth in the commercial loan and securities portfolios.
 
Cash and Short-term Investments.  Cash balances, comprised of $12.2 million in cash and correspondent bank balances and $42.0 million in cash supplied to ATMs owned by independent service organizations (“ISOs”), decreased by $1.6 million to $54.2 million as of December 31, 2007 when compared to December 31, 2006. This result is the net of a $3.9 million decline in cash and correspondent bank balances, offset in part by an increase of $2.3 million in cash supplied to ATMs owned by ISOs. Short-term investments, comprised of overnight federal funds sold ($2.4 million), repurchase agreements ($3.0 million), and money market funds ($5.0 million), decreased $6.4 million to $10.4 million at December 31, 2007. The lower level of short-term investments at period-end 2007 was the result of ordinary fluctuations in the Bank’s short-term liquidity accounts.
 
Securities.  The securities portfolio totaled $168.4 million at December 31, 2007, an increase of 22.0%, or $30.4 million, from $138.0 million at December 31, 2006. The portfolio represented 18.6% of total assets at December 31, 2007, compared to 15.1% a year earlier. During 2007, Government-sponsored enterprise (“GSE”) obligations decreased by $11.3 million, while the mortgage-backed securities portfolio increased by $41.6 million. In the first quarter of 2007, the Bank completed a sale of residential mortgage loans (associated with the $63.7 million of loans classified as held for sale at December 31, 2007) that netted $62.1 million of cash proceeds. Management chose to reinvest $4.0 million of the loan sale proceeds into GSE obligations, and $34.6 million into pass-through mortgage-backed securities sponsored by government agencies, including $24.2 million of fixed-rate securities and $10.4 million of adjustable-rate securities. Total purchase volume of pass-through mortgage-backed securities in 2007 was $47.8 million. The net decline of $11.3 million in GSE


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obligations in the year 2007 included the sale of $6.9 million of available-for-sale GSE obligations, which generated capital gains of $38,000. Nearly all of the bonds sold were callable securities, at risk of being called within one year at the time of sale. The securities portfolio carried net unrealized losses of $1.3 million at December 31, 2007, compared to $2.1 million of net unrealized losses at December 31, 2006. The primary reason for the decrease in the net unrealized loss was downward shifts in the level of market interest rates in late 2007, particularly in the short to intermediate portion of the yield curve.
 
Net Loans.  Net loans as of December 31, 2007 were $606.9 million, an increase of $30.5 million, or 5.3%, over net loan balances of $576.5 million (excluding loans held for sale) as of December 31, 2006. Net loans represented 67.2% of total assets at December 31, 2007, compared to 63.1% a year prior. Management continues to focus on changing the overall composition of the lending portfolio by emphasizing commercial lending categories over residential and consumer loans.
 
Commercial loans increased by $54.3 million, or 16.5%, year-over-year, and represented 62.7% of total loans at December 31, 2007, compared to 56.7% of total loans at December 31, 2006. Commercial loan categories with year-over-year increases included commercial real estate (up $9.3 million) and commercial business (up $58.2 million), while construction loans decreased by $13.1 million. In the year 2007, management re-categorized commercial loans secured by real estate that are owner-occupied from the commercial real estate category to the commercial business category. This reclassification was made for all years contained within this report. The amount of owner-occupied commercial real estate loans at December 31, 2007 and 2006 were $120.6 million and $72.2 million, respectively. Growth in the owner-occupied commercial real estate category represented the largest component of increase within commercial loans during 2007.
 
The construction loan portfolio declined by 19.0% during 2007, totaling $55.8 million at year-end. After evaluating risk/reward trade-offs in 2006, the Company decided to consider fewer construction loan transactions and toughen underwriting standards. At December 31, 2007, the Bank had $25.1 million of unused commitments under construction lines of credit, compared to $27.8 million at the end of the prior year.
 
The residential mortgage portfolio (excluding loans held for sale) decreased by $24.1 million, or 11.4%, during the year 2007, and represented 30.7% of total loans at December 31, 2007, compared to 36.5% at the end of the prior year. The decrease in the residential mortgage portfolio can be attributed both to the Company’s loan sales preferences, as well as a general slowdown in the local residential loan market. The Bank’s general strategy of retaining adjustable-rate mortgages in portfolio while selling fixed-rate originations into the secondary market contributed to the decline in loan balances in 2007, as adjustable-rate borrowers were active in refinancing their loans, typically into fixed-rate mortgages. However, in late 2007, spreads widened (compared to funding costs) for both conforming and jumbo residential fixed-rate loans, and as a result, the Company is currently holding much of its recent fixed-rate production in portfolio. This practice is expected to increase net interest income over time, but will have the more immediate effect of reducing gains realized on loans sold.
 
Consumer loans consist predominantly of home equity loans (including term loans and lines-of-credit), although the Bank also offers automobile, savings secured, and other types of consumer loans. As of December 31, 2007, $40.4 million, or 6.6%, of the Bank’s total loan portfolio consisted of consumer loans compared to $39.7 million, or 6.8%, of the Bank’s total loans at December 31, 2006. Home equity loans were $37.8 million at December 31, 2007 and represented 93.6% of the total consumer loan portfolio. The home equity loan portfolio increased by $1.2 million, or 3.3%, during the year 2007. As of December 31, 2007, there were $42.7 million in unused commitments under revolving home equity lines-of-credit, compared to $39.9 million at December 31, 2006.
 
For information concerning the allowance for loan losses at December 31, 2007 and 2006, refer to “Asset Quality — Allowance for Loan Losses”.
 
Loans Held for Sale.  At December 31, 2006, the Bank had $63.7 million in loans held for sale, consisting of residential adjustable-rate mortgage loans. In February 2007, the Bank completed the sale of the bulk of the designated loans, netting $62.1 million in cash proceeds, without incurring any additional loss


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($1.1 million of these loans were returned to the adjustable-rate residential mortgage loan portfolio at then market value, which approximated carrying value on December 31, 2006). The Company recorded $545,000 in mortgage servicing rights (reflected in Other Assets), as all loans were sold on a servicing-retained basis.
 
Deposits.  Deposits decreased by $15.8 million to $617.4 million at December 31, 2007, 2.5% less than a total of $633.2 million at December 31, 2006. Certificates of deposit decreased by $45.4 million, or 14.7%, year-over-year. All other deposit categories (commonly referred to as core accounts) increased by a combined $29.6 million or 9.1% during the year 2007, with the largest increases in money market accounts ($16.6 million) and NOW accounts ($23.4 million). Demand accounts and savings accounts decreased by $7.9 million and $2.4 million, respectively, over the twelve months ended December 31, 2007.
 
Unlike many competing institutions throughout the industry that struggled in 2007 to grow their core deposits, the Company experienced some success in generating new core deposit accounts, largely due to the introduction of two products in the sector. The Company introduced a new line of cash management products to its business customers late in 2006 (included in the money market account category) that increased during 2007 by $22.9 million. In addition, the Bank introduced a new retail NOW account in the first quarter of 2007 that totaled $32.5 million in account balances at the end of the year. While the Bank pays a competitive rate of interest on both products, management anticipates that the transactional features of the accounts will strengthen the relationships formed with many of these new customers, over time.
 
Growth in core account balances, as well as increasingly attractive rates on term advances offered by the Federal Home Loan Bank late in the year, allowed management the flexibility to lower its offering rates on certificates of deposits, leading to a $45.4 million decline in time accounts in 2007. Certificates of deposit represented 42.5% of total deposits at the end of 2007, compared to 48.7% at the end of 2006. The Company consistently evaluates all of its deposit and borrowing funding sources for the most attractive mix in funding its asset base.
 
Borrowed Funds.  Borrowed funds increased by $6.3 million (or 4.0%) to $165.3 million during the year 2007, including $15.3 million in net new Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (“FHLBB”) borrowings. In November 2007, the Company redeemed $9.0 million of subordinated debt that carried a 6.94% interest rate. All borrowed funds at December 31, 2007 consisted of FHLBB borrowings, including a $2.5 million advance for an original term of six months that is classified as short-term. The growth in FHLBB borrowings took place to fund assets, principally loans, as well as to provide a replacement funding source on occasion for deposit outflows, such as certificate of deposit maturities.
 
Stockholders’ Equity.  Total stockholders’ equity was $107.4 million as of December 31, 2007, a decrease of $2.0 million compared to $109.4 million at December 31, 2006. During the year 2007, the Company repurchased 441,890 of common shares at a cost of $6.3 million, and paid $1.8 million of dividends to its shareholders. Stockholder’s equity otherwise increased from net income of $3.6 million, a $752,000 reduction in the net unrealized loss on securities available-for-sale, net of tax effects, and amortization of $1.6 million in unearned compensation.
 
Comparison of Operating Results For The Year Ended December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006
 
Net Income.  Net income for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $3.6 million, a $1.1 million decrease (or 23.2%) from the $4.7 million in net income for the year 2006. This decrease in net income was largely attributable to an increase of $3.4 million in operating expenses and a $1.9 million increase in income taxes, offset partially by a $4.3 million increase in non-interest income. In the year 2006, the Company recorded a $1.8 million income tax benefit derived from the utilization of a tax loss carryover. Net interest income and the provision for loan losses both increased year-over-year in 2007 as well, by $289,000 and $433,000, respectively.
 
Net Interest Income.  Net interest income increased $289,000 to $23.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, up 1.2% from $23.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. The increase was the result of a $10.6 million, or 1.4%, increase in average interest-earning assets, offset slightly by a one basis point decline (to 3.00%) in the net interest margin.


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The increase in interest-earning assets was due primarily to $24.6 million of growth, on average, in the securities portfolio, supplemented by a net increase of $4.0 million in average short-term investments. On average, loan balances decreased by $17.9 million year-over-year, including $79.8 million in residential mortgages. In February 2007, the Company sold $62.1 million of residential mortgage loans held for sale that were portfolio loans for all of 2006. Commercial loans exhibited strong growth throughout 2007, mitigating much of the decline in residential mortgage loans, as average balances increased to $360.0 million for the year 2007, compared to $299.9 million for the year 2006. The yield on average interest-earning assets increased by 41 basis points year-over-year, due largely to changes in the mix of assets in the securities and loan portfolios.
 
Average-interest bearing liabilities increased by $18.4 million, or 2.8%, comparing the years 2007 and 2006. Growth in average interest-bearing liabilities included $4.5 million in deposits and $13.9 million in borrowings. Rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities increased by 46 basis points during 2007, including 45 basis points on deposits and 36 basis points on borrowings.
 
Interest Income.  Interest income for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $48.2 million, an increase of $3.9 million or 8.8% compared to $44.3 million earned in the prior year. The $3.9 million increase in interest income resulted from a $10.6 million, or 1.4%, increase in average interest-earning assets, which explains 6% of the overall increase, and a 41 basis point increase in the yield on those assets, which explains 94% of the overall increase.
 
An increase of 41 basis points, year-over-year, in the yield on loans explains 67% of the total $3.9 million increase in interest income. The increase can be attributed to higher interest rates that persisted for much of 2007 as well as changes in loan mix toward higher-yielding commercial loans. A sizable proportion of the Company’s loan assets are adjustable rate, and rate resets typically were higher throughout the year. In addition, the mix of average loans changed significantly during the year toward higher-yielding assets, as commercial loans comprised 59.2% of average loans for the year 2007, compared to 47.9% in 2006, while mortgage loans comprised 34.3% and 46.0% of average loans for the years 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
During 2007, the average balance of securities and short-term investments increased by $24.6 million and $4.0 million, respectively, contributing approximately $1.3 million to the overall increase of $3.9 million in interest income. In the first quarter of 2007, the Bank invested $34.6 million of cash proceeds associated with a $62.1 million sale of residential mortgage loans into pass-through mortgage-backed securities, all of which were issued by government-sponsored enterprises. Overall, average mortgage-backed securities balances increased by $27.4 million year-over-year. The yields earned on average securities and short-term investments increased year-over-year by 71 and 4 basis points, respectively, largely due to growth in higher-yielding mortgage-backed securities. In addition, maturities of government-sponsored enterprise obligations, which provide the Company a regular source of liquidity, were replaced for most of 2007 at higher prevailing interest rates.
 
Interest Expense.  Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2007 increased by $3.6 million, or 17.4%, to $24.5 million as compared to $20.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. The increase in interest expense arose from both an $18.4 million, or 2.8%, increase in average interest-bearing liabilities, and a 46 basis point, or 14.4%, increase in the cost of those liabilities. The $18.4 million increase in average interest-bearing liabilities comparing the years 2007 to 2006 contributed approximately 15% of the overall $3.6 million increase in interest expense, year-over-year. The 46 basis point increase in the cost of average interest-bearing liabilities contributed approximately 85% of the total $3.6 million increase in interest expense, year-over-year.
 
A 45 basis point increase in the average rate paid on interest-bearing deposits during the year 2007 (compared to 2006) was due in large part to the high level of short-term market interest rates that persisted for much of the year. The cost of certificates of deposit accounts increased during 2007 by 48 basis points, as new accounts and repricing of existing accounts were at generally higher rates than existed at the beginning of 2007. In addition, the average cost of interest-bearing core deposit accounts increased by 54 basis points, year-over-year. Within the deposit category, the average balance of core accounts (savings, money market, and NOW) increased by $12.3 million, while the average balance of certificates of deposit dropped $7.8 million.


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The Company successfully brought two new core account products to market since the fourth quarter of 2006, contributing significantly to increases in average balances for the money market and NOW account categories of $8.4 million and $13.5 million, respectively, in 2007. As these products carried competitive market rates, the average rates paid on money market and NOW accounts increased by 39 and 200 basis points, year-over-year, respectively.
 
The Company increased its average borrowings by $13.9 million in 2007, compared to 2006. The cost of these borrowed funds increased by 36 basis points year-over-year, reflecting higher market interest rates on marginal new business. The Company often takes out medium-term or longer-term FHLB borrowings for asset/liability management purposes. The Company has lengthened the weighted average term of its borrowing portfolio, providing a better matched funding source for earning assets from an interest rate risk perspective than shorter-term certificates of deposit. All told, the increase in the average balance of borrowings as well as the higher rate paid contributed 33% of the overall $3.6 million increase in interest expense, year-over-year.
 
Provision for Loan Losses.  The Company records a provision for loan losses as a charge to its earnings when necessary in order to maintain the allowance for loan losses at a level sufficient to absorb potential losses inherent in the loan portfolio. Refer to “Business — Asset Quality” for additional information about the Company’s methodology for establishing its allowance for loan losses. Loan loss provisions were $634,000 and $201,000 during the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Provisions in both years were primarily reflective of growth and change in mix in the loan portfolio. Commercial loans increased by $54.3 million, or 16.5%, year-over-year, and represented 62.7% of total loans at December 31, 2007, compared to 56.7% a year prior. The Company reserves a higher proportion for losses on commercial loans than it does for consumer or residential mortgage loans. The lower provision in 2006 also reflects a reduction of $160,000 pursuant to the transfer of $63.7 million of residential mortgages to loans held for sale. At December 31, 2007, the allowance for loan losses totaled $5.8 million, or 0.94% of the loan portfolio, compared to $5.3 million, or 0.92%, of total loans at December 31, 2006. The increase in the allowance for loan losses as a percentage of the loan portfolio was primarily due to an increase in the proportion of commercial loans in the portfolio.
 
In 2007, the Company reclassified the reserve for unfunded lending commitments from the allowance for loan losses to other liabilities for all years presented. The provision for unfunded lending commitments (formerly included in the provision for loan losses) has been reclassified to non-interest expense for all years presented. The benefit (negative provision) for unfunded lending commitments amounted to $261,000 and $15,000 for the years 2007 and 2006, respectively. The reduction in reserves for unfunded lending commitments resulted from fluctuations in the volume of commitments outstanding and from management’s ongoing evaluation of the adequacy of its allowance for credit losses. Factors considered in the analysis of risk inherent in unfunded lending commitments included historical experience with respect to delinquency and charge-offs, underwriting standards, and the experience of the lending and credit analysis staff.
 
Non-interest Income.  Non-interest income for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $7.8 million, an increase of $4.3 million, or 121.6%, when compared to the $3.5 million earned in the year 2006. During 2006 and 2007, the Company engaged in several sale transactions involving bank-owned premises (including branches, real estate held as future branch sites, and other real estate owned), portfolio loans, and its ATM customer list. Net gains (losses) from these sales (including valuation write-downs prior to sale) were $401,000 and ($2.9 million) for 2007 and 2006, respectively. Excluding these sale transactions, non-interest income increased by $1.0 million, or 16.0%.


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The following chart itemizes the sale transactions’ impact on non-interest income in 2007 and 2006 to approximate normalized operating results. Several of these transactions are described more fully following the chart:
 
                         
    2007     2006     Change  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Reported non-interest income
  $ 7,810     $ 3,524     $ 4,286  
Less:
                       
Write-down of loans transferred to held for sale
          (2,361 )     2,361  
Gain/(loss) on sale of premises
    198       (503 )     701  
Gain on sale of CSSI customer list
    203             203  
                         
Normalized non-interest income
  $ 7,409     $ 6,388     $ 1,021  
                         
 
In the fourth quarter of 2006, the Company incurred a pre-tax loss of $2.4 million upon the designation of $66.1 million of adjustable-rate residential mortgage loans as held for sale. The loss recognized was attributable to the increase in market interest rates since the loans were originated, and no credit issues were associated with these loans. The sale was completed in February 2007, and no further loss was incurred. The proceeds were primarily used to invest in pass-through mortgage-backed securities.
 
In December 2006, the Company sold and simultaneously leased back six of its branch locations. The total purchase price for the six branches was $9.7 million. The gain recognized on five of the branches in the sale ($3.8 million) was deferred and is being recognized ratably over the initial lease term of 15 years. However, a net loss on the sale of one branch, totaling $503,000, was recognized as an immediate reduction of non-interest income.
 
In May 2007, the Bank and its subsidiary Creative Strategic Solutions, Inc. (“CSSI”), entered into an agreement to sell certain of CSSI’s assets (principally its customer list and rights and obligations under its customer contracts) to another bank with an ATM servicing division. As part of the agreement, the Company collected $203,000 in two installment payments from the other bank. If former CSSI customer balances and rates remain at levels outstanding at the closing of the transaction ($33 million), the Bank has the opportunity to earn two additional payments aggregating $200,000. However, because the prime rate of interest has fallen since the transaction closed, it is likely that the total of any future payments will be less than that amount.
 
Excluding the asset sale transactions listed above, non-interest income increased by $1.0 million, or 16.0%, comparing 2007 to 2006. Categories with significant increases year-over-year included other loan-related fees (up $448,000, or 92.0%), gains on loans originated for sale (up $349,000, or 105.4%), and gains on trading assets (up $264,000). The increase in loan-related fees can be attributed primarily to two causes. During 2007, the Company collected $413,000 of prepayment penalties from commercial borrowers who paid off or refinanced their loans earlier than contracted for, approximately $290,000 higher than the 2006 total. In addition, loan servicing fees, net of the amortization of mortgage servicing rights, increased by $88,000 or 57.5% year-over-year; largely due to the addition of $62.1 million of serviced loans from the bulk loan sale in the first quarter of 2007. Gains on loans originated for sale in 2007 include $234,000 in gains for a new reverse mortgage product that did not exist in 2006; the remaining year-over-year increase of $115,000 correlates with increased volume of conventional fixed rate loans sold into the secondary market. Excluding reverse mortgages and the bulk loan sale, the volume of loans sold into the secondary market increased by $10.4 million or 31.1% year-over-year. Gains on trading assets reflect the difference between the purchase amount and sales proceeds of a $15.0 million mutual fund asset that the Company held in 2007 for approximately five months.
 
ATM servicing fees decreased by $525,000, or 17.2%, from 2006 to 2007, representing the only non-interest income category with a year-over-year decline. From January through April of 2007, CSSI earned fees by providing cash to ATMs owned by ISOs nationwide. Fees were collected from the ISOs for managing the ATMs and for the use of the cash in the machines. On May 1, 2007, the Bank and CSSI entered into an agreement to sell certain of CSSI’s assets (principally its customer list and rights and obligations under its customer contracts) to another bank with an ATM servicing division. As part of this transaction, the Bank


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retained the right to continue to supply ATM cash to its former customers, for a minimum of 30 months. The Bank continues to earn fees under this arrangement, but those fees are lower, since the Bank no longer provides full administrative and operational support for these customers. The fees charged for the use of the ATM cash are assessed using a formula based on the prime rate of interest, and will vary directly over time with changes in the prime rate. The average yield (fee income divided by average cash outstanding) earned in 2007 was 5.97% compared to 7.74% earned in 2006. The decline in average rate is attributable primarily to reduced pricing commensurate with the transfer of operational risk and responsibility to the other bank, and to a lesser degree, a 100 basis point decline in the prime rate of interest during the second half of 2007.
 
Non-interest Expense.  Non-interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $25.7 million, an increase of $3.4 million, or 15.0%, when compared to $22.3 million incurred during the year ended December 31, 2006.
 
Salaries and employee benefits expenses represented the largest increase in non-interest expense in comparing the years 2007 and 2006, growing by $3.0 million, or 25.7%, to a total of $14.7 million. Base salaries, incentives and commissions increased by $1.7 million, or 20.6% in comparing the two annual periods. New positions were primarily located in the new Watertown (opened in September 2007) and Wellesley branches (opened in September 2006). In addition, salaries increased to support commercial and retail business development, product development, and related support staff in marketing and other administrative functions. The Company also entered into a strategic alliance with a small investment services firm in May 2007, assuming its sales staff and sales support costs. Incentives and commissions increased pursuant to the successful achievement by line personnel of annual business generation goals, particularly for core deposits and loans. In addition to these base compensation costs, stock incentive plan awards resulted in $624,000 of expense over five months in 2006, and $1.3 million for the full twelve months in 2007. Increases in retirement plan costs and health insurance benefits also contributed to the overall increase, rising by $553,000 year-over-year. Management took certain steps mid-way during 2007 to curb growth in salaries, including the elimination of 14 staff positions (seven of those at CSSI, which is now an inactive subsidiary), and in January 2008 instituted less expensive medical insurance and 401K match programs.
 
Occupancy and equipment expenses increased year-over-year by $825,000, or 31.4%, totaling $3.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. This increase was mainly due to the onset of rental expense in the six-branch sale/leaseback transaction in December 2006, as well as new leases for the two branches opened in Wellesley and Watertown. The final category of expense exhibiting an increase year-over-year in 2007 was data processing costs, up $466,000 or 24.0%. The increase in data processing costs reflects Company growth, including development, support and management costs for several new product offerings, and increases in the Company’s branch and ATM network.
 
Expense groupings experiencing year-over-year declines in 2007 included professional fees (down $430,000 or 33.4%) amortization of intangible assets (down $261,000 or 24.5%) and marketing and advertising (down $167,000 or 21.5%). The decrease in professional fees arose primarily from a $121,000 decline in audit and examination fees and a $299,000 decline in consulting fees. Audit fees were abnormally high in the year 2006, primarily due to first-year compliance with certain Sarbanes-Oxley Act requirements. The Company augmented its internal audit staffing in 2007 to help defray costs incurred for outsourced audit assistance. Consulting fees dropped pursuant to the termination of certain contracts related to the CSSI operation in the second quarter of 2007, and the lapse of other contracts related to the Chart Bank merger in the second quarter of 2006. The Company incurred non-cash charges of $803,000 for the amortization of intangible assets in 2007, $261,000 less than the comparable period in 2006. A core deposit intangible asset was created in the 2005 Chart Bank acquisition and is being amortized into expense using an accelerated method.
 
Income Taxes.  The Company recorded a provision for income taxes of $1.5 million in the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $1.9 million over the $358,000 benefit for income taxes recorded for the year ended December 31, 2006.
 
The effective tax rates for the years 2007 and 2006 were 29.6% and (8.2%), respectively. The Company reduced its 2007 effective tax rate below applicable statutory rates, in part, through recognition of capital


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gains that allowed the use of a capital loss carryover, the tax benefit of which was unrecorded. The 2007 effective tax rate was also reduced by recording higher proportional amounts of taxable income in its securities corporations, which bear lower statutory rates for state income tax purposes. The income tax benefit recorded in 2006 reflected a $1.8 million tax benefit related to the sale and simultaneous leaseback of six of the Company’s branch locations. The positive effect of this transaction on 2006 earnings was primarily due to the capital gain generated by the transaction, which allowed the Bank to use a capital loss carryover, the tax benefit of which was previously unrecorded and would have expired on December 31, 2006.
 
Comparison of Financial Condition At December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005
 
Total Assets.  Total assets increased by $46.6 million, or 5.4%, from $867.5 million at December 31, 2005 to $914.1 million at December 31, 2006. This growth was largely the result of an increase in the loan portfolio (including loans held for sale), supplemented by smaller increases in cash and cash equivalents and securities.
 
Cash and Short-term Investments.  Cash and correspondent bank balances increased by $2.1 million to $55.8 million as of December 31, 2006 when compared to December 31, 2005. The entire increase was a result of a $2.5 million increase in cash supplied to ATM customers of CSSI, partially offset by a decrease in cash and due from banks. CSSI is a wholly owned subsidiary of Benjamin Franklin Bank that, during 2006 and 2005, supplied cash to ATMs owned by independent service organizations and provided related cash management services to a nationwide customer base. Short-term investments, comprised of overnight federal funds sold ($12.4 million) and money market funds ($4.3 million), increased $4.7 million to $16.7 million at December 31, 2006. The higher level of short-term investments at period-end was precipitated by ordinary fluctuations in the Bank’s short-term liquidity accounts.
 
Securities.  The investment portfolio totaled $138.0 million at December 31, 2006, an increase of 4.1%, or $5.5 million, from $132.5 million at December 31, 2005. During the year 2006, Government-sponsored enterprise obligations increased by $12.0 million, while $2.5 million of corporate bonds matured. The mortgage-backed securities portfolio decreased $4.5 million in 2006. Management chose to reinvest principal pay-downs on its mortgage-backed securities into Government-sponsored enterprise obligations, and also into loans.
 
Net Loans.  Net loans (excluding loans held for sale) as of December 31, 2006 were $576.5 million, a decrease of $29.1 million, or 4.8%, from net loan balances of $605.6 million as of December 31, 2005. On December 31, the Company transferred $63.7 million of adjustable-rate residential mortgage loans to a held for sale account. Excluding the transfer, net loan balances year-over-year increased by $34.6 million, or 5.7%. Net loans represented 63.1% of total assets at December 31, 2006. The Company invested in increased staffing in 2005 to expand its commercial lending business, and capitalize upon new market opportunities with its acquisition of Chart Bank. With the additional resources in place, commercial loans increased by $40.6 million, or 14.1%, year-over-year, and represented 56.7% of total loans at December 31, 2006. Changes in commercial loan categories included increases of $32.4 million and $8.5 million in commercial business and construction loans, respectively, while commercial real estate loans dropped nominally, by $316,000. The home equity loan portfolio also increased year-over-year by $4.1 million, or 12.7%. The residential mortgage portfolio decreased by $74.1 million year-over-year, attributable primarily to the transfer of $63.7 million of loans to a held for sale account. The residential mortgage portfolio further decreased by $10.4 million over the twelve months ended December 31, 2006. The local residential loan market in 2006 slowed from prior years, and pay-downs exceeded new portfolio originations. In the first quarter of 2006, the Company purchased $16.1 million of adjustable-rate residential mortgage loans to replace runoff. For information concerning the allowance for loan losses at December 31, 2006 and 2005, refer to “Asset Quality — Allowance for Loan Losses”.
 
Loans Held for Sale.  In December 2006, the Company committed to sell $66.1 million of lower-yielding adjustable-rate mortgage loans, in order to help improve its net interest margin in upcoming years. These mortgages were originated for retention in the loan portfolio, in prior years. The loss recorded on the transfer to held for sale was $2.4 million, or approximately 3.6% of the gross book value of the loans. The


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loss recognized was attributable to the increase in market interest rates since the loans were originated, and no credit issues were associated with these loans. Proceeds from the sales were received in February, 2007.
 
Deposits.  Deposits increased by $21.5 million to $633.2 million at December 31, 2006, an increase of 3.5% over a total of $611.7 million at December 31, 2005. Certificates of deposit increased by $45.2 million, or 17.2%, year-over-year. All other deposit categories decreased by a combined $23.7 million or 6.8%, during the year 2006, with the largest declines in regular and other savings ($16.4 million), demand accounts ($3.4 million), and NOW accounts ($3.5 million).
 
Similar to many other competitors in its market area, the Company experienced a shift in deposit mix during the years 2005 and 2006, as deposit customers displayed a marked preference for certificates of deposit as compared to other interest-bearing deposit products, such as savings, NOW, or money market accounts. As short-term interest rates rose and stabilized at higher levels in 2006, customers were considerably more aggressive in seeking competitive market yields for their deposit dollars.
 
The Company has strived to respond with competitive products in order to meet the challenges of funding the Bank with the deposits it needs to expand. In 2006, the Company introduced a new line of cash management products to its business customers and introduced new checking and health savings account products to retail customers in the first half of 2007.
 
Borrowed Funds.  Borrowed funds of $159.0 million at December 31, 2006 include FHLBB borrowings of $150.0 million and subordinated debt totaling $9.0 million. Of the $150.0 million, $10.0 million was borrowed for a term of six months and is classified as short-term. FHLBB borrowings increased during 2006 by $21.0 million, or 16.3%. The Bank took out new borrowings, in substance, to fund net loan growth. The $9.0 million balance in subordinated debt was unchanged during 2006.
 
Stockholders’ Equity.  Total stockholders’ equity was $109.4 million as of December 31, 2006, an increase of $1.3 million compared to $108.1 million at December 31, 2005. The primary components of the net increase was net income of $4.7 million, net of $1.0 million of dividends paid to shareholders and the repurchase of $3.4 million in common stock. In addition, stockholders’ equity increased in 2006 from the amortization of $848,000 in unearned compensation.
 
Comparison of Operating Results For The Year Ended December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005
 
Net Income.  Net income for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $4.7 million, a $4.3 million increase over the $431,000 in net income for the year 2005. This increase in net income was largely attributable to $1.4 million of growth in net interest income, $1.9 million of growth in recurring sources of other income, and a $1.8 million income tax benefit derived from the utilization of a tax loss carryover. While the Company’s net interest margin declined during 2006, the full twelve-month impact of the April 2005 Chart Bank merger contributed favorably to the improvement in operating earnings. In addition, operating expenses declined by $1.1 million year-over-year, after factoring in a one-time $4.0 million pre-tax contribution to the Benjamin Franklin Bank Charitable Foundation in the second quarter of 2005.
 
Net Interest Income.  Net interest income increased $1.4 million to $23.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, up 6.3% from $22.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2005. The 6.3% increase was the result of a $92.1 million, or 13.4%, increase in average interest-earning assets, offset by a 20 basis point decline (or 6.2%) in the net interest margin.
 
The increase in interest-earning assets was due primarily to $79.2 million of growth, on average, in the loan portfolio, supplemented by a net combined increase of $12.9 million in average securities and short-term investments. These year-over-year increases are partially attributable to the full-year effect in 2006 of the 2005 Chart Bank merger, whereby $220.2 million of interest-earning assets, including $184.0 million in net loans, were acquired on April 4, 2005. The yield on average interest-earning assets increased by 52 basis points year-over-year, due mainly to an increase in market interest rates.
 
Average-interest bearing liabilities increased by $85.4 million, or 15.2%, for the year ended December 31, 2006. Growth in average interest-bearing liabilities included $55.4 million in deposits and $30.0 million in


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borrowings. These year-over-year increases are partially attributable to the full-year effect in 2006 of the Chart Bank merger whereby $217.4 million in deposits and $25.4 million of borrowed funds were added to the Company’s balance sheet on April 4, 2005. Rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities increased by 86 basis points during 2006, including 98 basis points on deposits and 25 basis points on borrowings.
 
Interest Income.  Interest income for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $44.3 million, an increase of $9.1 million or 26.0% compared to $35.1 million earned in the prior year. The overall increase in interest income resulted from both a $92.1 million, or 13.4%, increase in average interest-earning assets, and a 52 basis point, or 10.1%, increase in the yield on those assets. Approximately 51% of the dollar increase in interest income is explainable by an increase of $79.2 million in average loans outstanding, year-over-year, and approximately 29% is explainable by a 41 basis point increase in the yield on loans. The increase in the loan yield of 52 basis points was due to increases in market interest rates, the full-year inclusion in 2006 of the acquired Chart Bank loan portfolio, and to internally generated growth in higher-yielding commercial loans.
 
During 2006, the average balance of securities increased by $17.8 million, while the average balance of short-term investments declined by $4.8 million. Increases in yields earned on securities and short-term investments of 79 basis points and 191 basis points, respectively, were due mainly to the increase in market interest rates during the last two years. In 2006 and 2005, the Company’s security portfolio was comprised largely of laddered maturities of government-sponsored enterprise obligations, which provided the Company a regular source of liquidity and re-priced upwards as those maturities were replaced with like bonds at current interest rates.
 
Interest Expense.  Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2006 increased by $7.7 million, or 59.1%, to $20.9 million as compared to $13.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2005. The increase in interest expense arose from both an $85.4 million, or 15.2%, increase in average interest-bearing liabilities, and an 86 basis point, or 36.8%, increase in the cost of those liabilities.
 
The $85.4 million increase in average interest-bearing liabilities was caused partially by the full-year impact in 2006 of the Chart Bank acquisition, which added $242.8 million to the Company’s funding liabilities (including non-interest bearing demand deposits) on April 4, 2005. Overall, average interest-bearing deposits increased $55.4 million year-over-year, while borrowed funds increased by $30.0 million.
 
A 98 basis point increase in the average rate paid on interest-bearing deposits during the year 2006 was due in large part to the increase in market interest rates, and a persistent tendency, throughout the year, for customers to choose CDs as compared to other types of deposits. With gradually rising market interest rates, particularly in the first nine months of 2006, the Company and other financial institutions in its market area responded to customer demand by increasing their rates paid on CD accounts. Within the Company’s deposit portfolio, the average balance of CDs increased by $66.5 million year-over-year, while the other interest-bearing deposit categories, generally referred to as core deposits, decreased by a combined $11.1 million. Outside of CDs and money market accounts, the Company was generally able to refrain from raising its deposit rates in 2006. The overall rate paid on money market accounts increased by 66 basis points, year-over-year, as the Company created new higher-paying products in 2006 that generated $31.0 million of account balances at year-end.
 
The Company increased its borrowings level, on average, by $30.0 million in 2006 primarily in order to assist in funding loan growth. The Company often takes out medium-term or longer-term FHLB borrowings for asset/liability management purposes, especially since customer demand for CDs is predominantly for terms of shorter lengths of time. The cost of borrowed funds increased by 25 basis points year-over-year, reflecting higher market interest rates on marginal new business.
 
Provision for Loan Losses.  The Company records a provision for loan losses as a charge to its earnings when necessary in order to maintain the allowance for loan losses at a level sufficient to absorb potential losses inherent in the loan portfolio. Refer to “Business — Asset Quality” for additional information about the Company’s methodology for establishing its allowance for loan losses. Loan loss provisions were $201,000 and $525,000 during the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Provisions in both years were primarily reflective of growth in the loan portfolio, as net charge-offs/recoveries in both years were


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nominal. The Company’s provision was reduced by $160,000 in 2006 pursuant to the transfer of $63.7 million of residential mortgages to loans held for sale. At December 31, 2006, the allowance for loan losses totaled $5.3 million, or 0.92% of total loans, compared to $5.2 million, or 0.85%, of total loans at December 31, 2005. The increase in the allowance for loan losses as a percentage of the loan portfolio was primarily due to an increase in the proportion of commercial loans in the portfolio.
 
In 2007, the Company reclassified the reserve for unfunded lending commitments from the allowance for loan losses to other liabilities for all years presented. The provision for unfunded lending commitments (formerly included in the provision for loan losses) has been reclassified to non-interest expense for all years presented.
 
Non-interest Income.  Non-interest income for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $3.5 million, an increase of $37,000, or 1.1%, when compared to the year ended December 31, 2005. During 2006 and 2005, the Company engaged in several transactions involving bank-owned premises (including branches and real estate held as future branch sites) and portfolio loan sales. Net losses from these sales (including valuation write-downs prior to sale) were $2.9 million and $1.0 million for 2006 and 2005, respectively. Excluding these sale transactions, non-interest income increased by $1.9 million, or 41.6%, year-over-year.
 
The following chart itemizes the sale transactions’ impact on non-interest income in the years 2006 and 2005 to approximate normalized operating results. Each transaction is described more fully following the chart:
 
                         
    2006     2005     Change  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Reported non-interest income
  $ 3,524     $ 3,487     $ 37  
Less:
                       
Write-down of loans transferred to held for sale
    (2,361 )           (2,361 )
Gain/(loss) on sale of premises
    (503 )     380       (883 )
Write-down of premises
          (1,400 )     1,400  
                         
Normalized non-interest income
  $ 6,388     $ 4,507     $ 1,881  
                         
 
In the fourth quarter of 2006, the Company incurred a pre-tax loss of $2.4 million upon the designation of $66.1 million of adjustable-rate residential mortgage loans as held for sale. The transaction was part of a balance sheet restructure that is expected to increase interest income in upcoming years. The loss recognized was attributable to the increase in market interest rates since the loans were originated, and no credit issues were associated with these loans. These loans, which bore below-market interest rates, were sold in the first quarter of 2007.
 
In December 2006, the Company sold and simultaneously leased back six of its branch locations. The total purchase price for the six branches was $9.7 million. The gain recognized on five of the branches in the sale ($3.8 million) was deferred and will be recognized ratably over the initial lease term of 15 years. However, a net loss on the sale of one branch, totaling $503,000, was recognized as a reduction of non-interest income immediately.
 
During the second quarter of 2005, two parcels of land that had been held as future branch sites were sold for an aggregate gain of $380,000. A third parcel that had been held as a future branch site was written down by $1.4 million to its estimated net fair market value, once the decision was made by the Company to market the parcel for sale. This parcel was sold in the first quarter of 2007 at a gain of $187,000.
 
Excluding the asset sale transactions, non-interest income increased by $1.9 million, or 41.7%, during the year 2006. Approximately 76% of this increase, or $1.4 million, was from higher ATM servicing fees, generated by subsidiary CSSI. During 2006 and 2005, CSSI provided cash to ATMs owned by ISOs nationwide, and collected fees from the ISOs for managing the ATMs and for the use of the cash in the machines. Other revenue increases year-over-year included deposit service fees ($195,000, or 15.8%), income from bank-owned life insurance ($78,000, or 29.0%) and miscellaneous income ($98,000, or 19.0%). Growth in fees earned on deposit accounts and miscellaneous income was mainly the result of the addition of the


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Chart Bank deposit accounts and branch locations. The increase in income on bank-owned life insurance was due primarily to an additional $2.5 million investment made early in 2006. Income from the sale of non-deposit investment products decreased by $153,000, or 52.4%, when comparing the year 2006 to the year 2005.
 
Non-interest Expense.  Non-interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $22.3 million, a decrease of $1.1 million, or 4.7%, when compared to $23.4 million incurred during the year ended December 31, 2005. 2005 results included a $4.0 million contribution made in April to the Benjamin Franklin Bank Charitable Foundation. The Company has no intention of making future contributions to the Foundation. Excluding the contribution, the increase in non-interest expenses in 2006 compared to 2005 would have been $2.9 million, or 14.9%.
 
Non-interest expenses, excluding the contribution, increased year-over-year due in part to the full-year impact of investments made during the course of 2005, including the acquisition of Chart Bank, expansion of the Company’s lending capabilities and the stock conversion, which brought new personnel, investor relations, audit and legal costs associated with operating a larger, and public company.
 
The largest year-over-year increase in non-interest expense was in employee salaries and benefits expenses, which increased $1.8 million, or 18.2%, to $11.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. In addition to a $540,000, or 6.9%, increase in base salaries, bonuses, and commissions, the Company instituted new stock incentive plans in August 2006 that resulted in $624,000 of expense. Staffing levels increased due to the opening of a new branch office in Wellesley, as well as in certain sales and administrative functions.
 
Occupancy and equipment expenses increased $257,000, or 10.8%, to $2.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. This increase was mainly due to the addition of costs associated with Chart Bank’s office locations, as well as the new branch in Wellesley. A year-over-year increase in data processing costs ($211,000 or 12.2%) largely reflects the growth of the Company and development and support costs for new product offerings. Professional fees increased $268,000, or 26.2%, to $1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. This increase was due to a $304,000 increase in audit and examination fees, brought about by the conversion to a public company in 2005 and compliance with Sarbanes-Oxley Act requirements. The Company incurred non-cash charges of $1.1 million for the amortization of core deposit intangible assets in 2006, $336,000 less than the comparable period in 2005. The core deposit intangible was created in the 2005 Chart Bank acquisition and is being amortized into expense using an accelerated method. General and administrative expenses also increased year-over-year by $660,000, or 28.9%, due largely to the full-year effect of adding Chart Bank and CSSI operations, as well as overall Company growth. Larger year-over-year increases in other general and administrative expenses included insurance premiums, postage and supplies, correspondent bank charges, and directors’ fees. Directors’ fees increased with the addition of six new Board members from Chart Bank and the mid-year implementation in 2005 of a retirement plan for directors.
 
Income Taxes.  The Company recorded an income tax benefit of $358,000 for the year ended December 31, 2006, a decrease of $1.5 million or 132.2%, from the $1.1 million in expense recorded for the year ended December 31, 2005. The effective tax rates for the 2006 and 2005 years were (8.2%) and 72.1%, respectively. The high effective tax rate in the year 2005 was primarily a function of the bank-owned land transactions. No tax benefit was recognized on the $1.0 million net loss on sale/write-down of bank-owned land.
 
The income tax benefit recorded in 2006 reflected a $1.8 million tax benefit related to the sale and simultaneous leaseback of six of the Company’s branch locations. The total purchase price of the six branches was $9.7 million. The positive effect of this transaction on 2006 earnings is primarily due to the capital gain generated by the transaction, which allowed the Bank to use a capital loss carryover, the tax benefit of which was previously unrecorded and would have expired on December 31, 2006.


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Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements
 
Benjamin Franklin Bancorp does not have any off-balance-sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on its financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.
 
Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices
 
The financial statements, accompanying notes, and related financial data of Benjamin Franklin presented herein have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, which require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollar amounts without considering the changes in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation. The impact of inflation is reflected in the increased cost of Benjamin Franklin operations. Most of Benjamin Franklin’s assets and liabilities are monetary in nature, and therefore the impact of interest rates has a greater impact on its performance than do the effects of general levels of inflation. Interest rates do not necessarily move in the same direction or to the same extent as the prices of goods and services.
 
Impact of Recent Accounting Standards
 
In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.” This Statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The definition of fair value retains the exchange price notion in earlier definitions of fair value. This Statement clarifies that the exchange price is the price in an orderly transaction between market participants to sell the asset or transfer the liability in the market in which the reporting entity would transact for the asset or liability, that is, the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability. Emphasis is placed on fair value being a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement, and therefore a fair value measurement should be determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. As a basis for considering these market participant assumptions, a fair value hierarchy has been established to distinguish between (1) market participant assumptions developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity (observable inputs) and (2) the reporting entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions developed based on the best information available in the circumstances (unobservable inputs). This Statement is effective for the Company on January 1, 2008 and is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities — Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115.” This Statement permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value, with the objective of improving financial reporting by providing entities with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions, and is expected to expand the use of fair value measurement. An entity will report unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. The fair value option may generally be applied instrument by instrument and is irrevocable. This Statement is effective for the Company on January 1, 2008 and is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 141 (revised), “Business Combinations.” This Statement replaces FASB Statement No. 141, and applies to all business entities, including mutual entities that previously used the pooling-of-interests method of accounting for certain business combinations. Under Statement No. 141 (revised) an acquirer is required to recognize at fair value the assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date. This replaces the cost allocation process under Statement No. 141, which resulted in the non-recognition of some assets and liabilities at the acquisition date and in measuring some assets and liabilities at amounts other than their fair values at the acquisition date. This Statement requires that acquisition costs and expected restructuring costs be recognized separately from the acquisition, and that the acquirer in a business combination achieved in


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stages recognize the identifiable assets and liabilities, as well as the non-controlling interest in the acquiree, at the full amounts of their fair values. This Statement also requires an acquirer to recognize assets acquired and liabilities assumed arising from contractual contingencies as of the acquisition date, while Statement 141 allowed for the deferred recognition of pre-acquisition contingencies until certain recognition criteria were met, and an acquirer is only required to recognize assets or liabilities arising from all other contingencies if it is more likely than not that they meet the definition of an asset or a liability. Under this Statement, an acquirer is required to recognize contingent consideration at the acquisition date, whereas contingent consideration obligations usually were not recognized at the acquisition date under Statement 141. Further, this Statement eliminates the concept of negative goodwill and requires gain recognition in instances in which the total acquisition-date fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired exceeds the fair value of the consideration transferred plus any non-controlling interest in the acquiree. This Statement makes significant amendments to other Statements and other authoritative guidance, and applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. An entity may not apply it before that date.
 
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51.” This Statement establishes accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. It clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as equity in the consolidated financial statements. This Statement is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008.
 
Item 7A.   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
 
Management and the Board of Directors of Benjamin Franklin recognize that taking and managing risk is fundamental to the business of banking. Through the development, implementation and monitoring of its policies with respect to risk management, the Company strives to measure, evaluate and control the risks it faces. The Board and management understand that an effective risk management system is critical to the Company’s safety and soundness. Chief among the risks faced by Benjamin Franklin are credit risk, market risk (including interest rate risk), liquidity risk, operational (transaction) risk and compliance risk.
 
Within management, the responsibility for risk management rests with the Risk Management Committee, chaired by the SVP/Risk Management Officer. Other members of the Committee include the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Controller, and the senior officers responsible for lending, retail banking and human resources. The Risk Management Committee meets on a monthly basis to review the status of the Company’s risk management efforts, including reviews of internal and external audit findings, loan review findings, and the activities of the Asset/Liability Committee with respect to monitoring interest rate and liquidity risk. The Committee tracks any open items requiring corrective action with the goal of ensuring that each is addressed on a timely basis. The Compliance and Risk Management Officer reports all findings of the Risk Management Committee directly to the Board’s Audit and Risk Management Committee.
 
Management of Credit Risk.  Benjamin Franklin considers credit risk to be the most significant risk it faces, in that it has the greatest potential to affect the financial condition and operating results of the Bank. Credit risk is managed through a combination of policies established by the Board, the monitoring of compliance with these policies, and the periodic evaluation of loans in the portfolio, including those with problem characteristics. In general, Benjamin Franklin’s policies establish maximums on the amount of credit that may be granted to a single borrower (including affiliates), the aggregate amount of loans outstanding by type in relation to total assets and capital, and loan concentrations. Collateral and debt service coverage ratios, approval limits and other underwriting criteria are also specified. Policies also exist with respect to performing periodic credit reviews, the rating of loans, when loans should be placed on non-performing status and factors that should be considered in establishing the Bank’s allowance for loan losses. For additional information, refer to “Business — Lending Activities.”
 
Management of Market Risk.  Market risk is the risk of loss due to adverse changes in market prices and rates, and typically encompasses exposures such as sensitivity to changes in market interest rates, foreign


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currency exchange rates, and commodity prices. Benjamin Franklin has no exposure to foreign currency exchange or commodity price movements. Because net interest income is Benjamin Franklin’s primary source of revenue, interest rate risk is a significant market risk to which the Bank is exposed.
 
Interest rate risk can be defined as the exposure of future net interest income to adverse movements in interest rates. Net interest income is affected by changes in interest rates as well as by fluctuations in the level, mix and duration of the Company’s assets and liabilities. Over and above the influence that interest rates have on net interest income, changes in rates may also affect the volume of lending activity, the ability of borrowers to repay loans, the volume of loan prepayments, the flow and mix of deposits, and the market value of the Bank’s assets and liabilities.
 
Benjamin Franklin’s Asset/Liability Committee (“ALCO”), comprised of several members of senior and middle management, is responsible for managing the Company’s interest rate risk in accordance with policies approved by the Board of Directors. The ALCO is charged with managing assets and funding sources to produce results that are consistent with Benjamin Franklin’s liquidity, capital adequacy, growth, risk and profitability goals. On a quarterly basis, the Committee reviews with the Board of Directors its analysis of the Bank’s exposure to interest rate risk and the effect subsequent changes in interest rates could have on the Bank’s future net interest income, and by implication its business strategies. The Committee is also actively involved in the Bank’s planning and budgeting process as well as in determining pricing strategies for deposits and loans.
 
Exposure to interest rate risk is managed by Benjamin Franklin through periodic evaluations of the current interest rate risk inherent in its rate-sensitive assets and liabilities, coupled with determinations of the level of risk considered appropriate given the Bank’s capital and liquidity requirements, business strategy, and performance objectives. Through such management, Benjamin Franklin seeks to reduce the vulnerability of its net interest income to changes in interest rates.
 
The ALCO’s primary tool for measuring, evaluating, and managing interest rate risk is income simulation analysis. Income simulation analysis measures interest rate risk inherent in the Company’s balance sheet at a given point in time by showing the effect of interest rate shifts on net interest income over defined time horizons. These simulations take into account the specific repricing, maturity, prepayment and call options of financial instruments that vary under different interest rate scenarios. The ALCO reviews simulation results to determine whether the exposure to a decline in net interest income remains within established tolerance levels over the simulation horizons and to develop appropriate strategies to manage this exposure. Benjamin Franklin uses instantaneous rate shocks compared against static (or flat) rates when measuring interest rate risk, and evaluates results over both a twelve-month and a thirteen to 24 month period. All changes are measured in comparison to the projected net interest income that would result from an “unchanged” scenario, where both interest rates and the composition of the balance sheet remain stable over the measured horizon(s). As of December 31, 2007, the income simulation analysis (as noted in the table below) for the first twelve-month period indicated that exposure to changing interest rates fell within the Company’s policy levels of tolerance.
 
While the ALCO reviews simulation assumptions to ensure they are reasonable, and back-tests simulation results on a periodic basis as a monitoring tool, income simulation analysis may not always prove to be an accurate indicator of the Company’s interest rate risk or future earnings. There are inherent shortcomings in income simulation, given the number and variety of assumptions that must be made to perform it. For example, the projected level of future market interest rates and the shape of future interest rate yield curves have a major impact on income simulation results. Many assumptions concerning the repricing of financial instruments, the degree to which non-maturity deposits react to changes in market rates, and the expected prepayment rates on loans, mortgage-backed securities, and callable bonds are also inherently uncertain. In addition, as income simulation analysis assumes that the Company’s balance sheet will remain static over the simulation horizon, the results do not reflect the Company’s expectations for future balance sheet growth, nor changes in business strategy that the Company could implement in response to rate shifts to mitigate its loss exposures. As such, although the analysis described above provides an indication of the Company’s sensitivity to interest rate changes at a point in time, these estimates are not intended to and do not provide a precise


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forecast of the effect of changes in market interest rates on the Company’s net interest income and will differ from actual results.
 
The following table sets forth, as of December 31, 2007, the estimated changes in net interest income over the next twelve months comparing an unchanged rate scenario to projected results using various parallel shifts in market interest rates. These computations of prospective effects of hypothetical interest rate changes are based on numerous assumptions and should not be relied upon as being indicative of actual future results.
 
         
    Percentage Change in Estimated
 
    Net Interest Income
 
    Over 12 months  
 
300 basis point increase in rates
    (8.46 )%
200 basis point increase in rates
    (5.95 )%
100 basis point increase in rates
    (2.28 )%
Flat interest rates
     
100 basis point decrease in rates
    1.50 %
200 basis point decrease in rates
    (3.06 )%
 
The Company’s income simulation analysis contains important assumptions regarding the rate sensitivity of interest-bearing core deposit accounts. For example, the Company assumes that money market account rates would change by 37 basis points for each 100 basis point change in market interest rates. These scenarios also assume no change in regular savings and regular NOW account interest rates. Interest rates for certain premium-rate NOW and money market savings accounts are expected to vary to the full extent of any increase or decrease in market interest rates. In addition, deposits are assumed to have certain minimum rate floors below which rates will not fall. These assumptions are based on the Bank’s past experience with the changes in rates paid on these non-maturity deposits coincident with changes in market interest rates. There can be no assurance that the core deposit pricing assumptions used in the simulation analysis will actually occur.
 
As indicated in the table above, the result of an immediate 100 basis point parallel increase in interest rates is estimated to decrease net interest income by 2.28% over a 12-month horizon, when compared to the unchanged rate scenario. For an immediate 200 basis point parallel increase in the level of interest rates, net interest income is estimated to decrease by 5.95% over a 12-month horizon, when compared against the unchanged rate scenario. The exposure of net interest income to rising rates as compared to an unchanged rate scenario results from the difference between anticipated increases in asset yields and somewhat more rapid increases in funding costs. The Company assumes that certain premium-rate NOW and money market deposit products, that demonstrated strong growth in 2007 and comprise a larger proportion of interest-bearing deposits, bear full sensitivity to increases in market rates for simulation purposes.
 
The estimated change in net interest income over a 12-month horizon from the unchanged rate scenario for a 100 basis point parallel decline in the level of interest rates is an increase of 1.50%. For an immediate 200 basis point parallel decrease in the level of interest rates, net interest income is estimated to decrease by 3.06% over a 12-month horizon, when compared against the unchanged rate scenario. A modest decrease of 100 basis points from an unchanged rate scenario would likely result in a favorable change in net interest income over the next 12 months, as funding costs are projected to decrease farther than asset yields. However, in the 200 basis point decrease rate scenario, the projected drop in net interest income as compared to an unchanged rate scenario results from a more rapid decline in earning asset yields compared to rates paid on funding liabilities. If rates were to fall by 200 basis points, rate floors on most core deposit accounts would come into effect for simulation purposes. In addition, asset yields would decline more than funding costs as cash flow from prepayments of mortgage-related products, and redemption of callable securities, would increase significantly as market rates fall, exposing the Company to higher re-investment risk.
 
Management of Liquidity Risk.  The risk to earnings and capital arising from an organization’s inability to meet its obligations without incurring unacceptable losses is defined as liquidity risk. The Treasurer of the Company is responsible for monitoring the adequacy of Benjamin Franklin’s liquidity position on a daily basis. The Company actively manages its liquidity position under the direction of the Asset/Liability Committee. The Board of Directors provides oversight on no less than a monthly basis, as well.


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Liquidity is defined as the ability to meet current and future financial obligations of a short-term nature. Benjamin Franklin uses its liquidity on a regular basis to fund existing and future loan commitments, to fund maturing certificates of deposit and borrowings, to fund other deposit withdrawals, to invest in other interest-earning assets, to make dividend payments to shareholders, and to meet operating expenses. In addition, the Company has used funds since early 2007 to repurchase its common stock (see Item 5.(c) — “Repurchase of Equity Securities” for further information.) Benjamin Franklin’s primary sources of funds consist of deposit inflows, borrowed funds, and the amortization, prepayment and maturities of loans and securities. While scheduled payments from the amortization and maturities of loans and investment securities are relatively predictable sources of funds, deposit flows and loan and investment prepayments can be greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions and competition. In addition to these regular sources of funds, the Company may choose to sell portfolio loans and investment securities to meet liquidity demands. However, it is the Bank’s general practice to hold loan originations and investment securities until their final maturity.
 
At December 31, 2007, cash and due from banks (excluding cash supplied to ATM customers), short-term investments, and debt securities maturing within one year totaled $76.4 million or 8.5% of total assets. At December 31, 2006, these totals were $86.7 million, or 9.5% of total assets. Management believes that the Company has adequate liquidity available to respond to current and anticipated liquidity demands.
 
Benjamin Franklin utilizes borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (“FHLBB”) as a source of funds. Wholesale borrowing may be considered attractive from an earnings perspective when it may be done at a cost advantage to raising deposits in the local market area. FHLB borrowing may also be used to extend or shorten liability maturities when the deposit customers’ choice of maturities is not consistent with the Company’s overall desired position for interest rate risk purposes or due to anticipated economic conditions. At December 31, 2007, based on qualifying collateral calculations as promulgated by the FHLBB, the Company has access to approximately $100.8 million of additional borrowing capacity. Since December 31, 2006, the Company has increased its FHLBB borrowings by $15.3 million, to a total of $165.3 million outstanding as of December 31, 2007.
 
The following tables present information indicating various contractual obligations and commitments of the Company as of the dates indicated and the respective maturity dates:
 
Contractual Obligations:
 
                                         
    At December 31, 2007  
                More than
    More than
       
                One Year
    Three Years
       
          One Year
    through
    through
    Over Five
 
    Total     or Less     Three Years     Five Years     Years  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Federal Home Loan Bank advances(1)
  $ 165,284     $ 29,494     $ 107,000     $ 18,000     $ 10,790  
Operating leases(2)
    14,347       1,190       2,375       2,181       8,601  
Non-qualified pension(3)
    11,695       2,386       1,944       1,955       5,410  
Other contractual obligations(4)
    5,829       3,047       2,782              
                                         
Total contractual obligations
  $ 197,155     $ 36,117     $ 114,101     $ 22,136     $ 24,801  
                                         
 
 
(1) Secured under a blanket security agreement on qualifying assets, principally 1-4 family residential mortgage loans. One advance in the amount of $10 million maturing in June, 2010 will become immediately payable if 3-month LIBOR rises above 6.0% (measured on a quarterly basis).
 
(2) Represents non-cancelable operating leases for branch offices.
 
(3) Pension obligations include expected payments under the Company’s Director Fee Continuation Plan and expected contributions to the Company’s supplemental executive retirement plans.
 
(4) Represents contracts for technology services and employment agreements.


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Loan Commitments:
 
                                         
    December 31, 2007  
                More than
    More than
       
                One Year
    Three Years
       
          One Year
    through
    through
    Over Five
 
    Total     or Less     Three Years     Five Years     Years  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Commitments to grant loans(1)
  $ 15,097     $ 15,097     $     $     $  
Unused portion of commercial loan lines of credit
    29,909       29,802       107              
Unused portion of home equity lines of credit(2)
    42,691                         42,691  
Unused portion of construction loans(3)
    25,126       14,254       10,872              
Unused portion of personal lines of credit(4)
    2,413                         2,413  
Commercial letters of credit
    1,213       1,213                    
                                         
Total loan commitments
  $ 116,449     $ 60,366     $ 10,979     $     $ 45,104  
                                         
 
 
General:  Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract, and generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses.
 
(1) Commitments for loans are extended to customers for up to 180 days after which they expire.
 
(2) Unused portions of home equity lines of credit are available to the borrower for up to 10 years.
 
(3) Unused portions of construction loans are available to the borrower for up to 2 years for development loans and up to 1 year for other construction loans.
 
(4) Unused portion of checking overdraft lines of credit are available to customers in “good standing” indefinitely.
 
Management of Other Risks.  Two additional risk areas that receive significant attention by management and the Board are operational risk and compliance risk. Operational risk is the risk to earnings and capital arising from control deficiencies, problems with information systems, fraud, error or unforeseen catastrophes. Compliance risk is the risk arising from violations of, or nonconformance with, laws, rules, regulations, prescribed practices, internal policies and procedures or ethical standards. Compliance risk can expose the Company to fines, civil money penalties, payment of damages and the voiding of contracts.
 
Benjamin Franklin addresses such risks through the establishment of comprehensive policies and procedures with respect to internal control, the management and operation of its information and communication systems, disaster recovery, and compliance with laws, regulations and banking ‘best practice’. Monitoring of the efficacy of such policies and procedures is performed through a combination of Benjamin Franklin’s internal audit program, through periodic internal and third-party compliance reviews, and through the ongoing attention of its managers charged with supervising compliance and operational control. Oversight of these activities is provided by the Risk Management Committee and the Audit and Risk Management Committee of the Board.
 
Item 8.   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
 
The Consolidated Financial Statements of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp begin on page F-1 of this Annual Report.
 
Item 9.   Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
 
Not applicable.


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Item 9A.   Controls and Procedures
 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.
 
The Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer, its Chief Financial Officer, and other members of its senior management team have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)), as of December 31, 2007. Based on such evaluation, the President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report, were adequate and effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, including its consolidated subsidiaries, in reports that are filed or submitted under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms.
 
Changes in Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting.
 
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2007 that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.
 
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.
 
The management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, and preparing annual consolidated financial statements presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements.
 
The Company’s management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007. In making this assessment, it used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) in Internal Control — Integrated Framework. Based on our assessment we believe that, as of December 31, 2007, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective based on those criteria to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of our financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
 
The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007 has been audited by Wolf & Company, P.C., an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, which follows. This report expresses an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007.
 
Important Considerations.
 
The effectiveness of a system of disclosure controls and procedures and our internal control over financial reporting is subject to various inherent limitations, including cost limitations, judgments used in decision making, assumptions about the likelihood of future events, the soundness of our systems, the possibility of human error, and the risk of fraud. Moreover, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions and the risk that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate over time. Due to such inherent limitations, there can be no assurance that any system of disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting will be successful in preventing all errors or fraud, or in making all material information known in a timely manner to the appropriate levels of management.


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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
To the Board of Directors
Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc.
Franklin, Massachusetts
 
We have audited Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
 
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
In our opinion, Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
 
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc. and our report dated March 10, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion.
 
/s/  Wolf & Company, P.C.
 
Boston, Massachusetts
March 10, 2008


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Item 9B.   Other Information
 
Not applicable.
 
PART III
 
Item 10.   Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
 
We incorporate the information required by this item by reference to the sections captioned “Information Regarding Directors — Biographical Information regarding Directors and Nominees,” “Information Regarding Executive Officers — Biographical Information regarding Executive Officers”, “Corporate Governance”, and “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in our 2008 annual proxy statement.
 
Item 11.   Executive Compensation
 
We incorporate the information required by this item by reference to the section captioned “Information Regarding Executive Officers” and “Information Regarding Directors — Compensation of Directors” in our 2008 annual proxy statement.
 
Item 12   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
 
We incorporate the information required by this item by reference to the section captioned “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” in our 2008 annual proxy statement and to Part II, Item 5, subsection (a)(4) of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
Item 13   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
 
We incorporate the information required by this item by reference to the section captioned “Transactions with Related Parties” in our 2008 annual proxy statement.
 
Item 14   Principal Accountant Fees and Services
 
We incorporate the information required by this item by reference to the section captioned “Proposal 2: Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm — Public Accountant’s Fees” and “— Pre-approval Policies and Procedures” in our 2008 annual proxy statement.
 
PART IV
 
Item 15.   Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
 
(a) Exhibits
 
                 
Exhibit No.
 
Description
 
Footnotes
 
  2 .1   Plan of Conversion of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp.     3  
  2 .2   Agreement and Plan of Merger among Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, M.H.C., Benjamin Franklin Savings Bank and Chart Bank, a Cooperative Bank, dated as of September 1, 2004.     2  
  3 .1   Articles of Organization of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc.     2  
  3 .2   Bylaws of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc.     7  
  4 .1   Form of Common Stock Certificate of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc.     5  
  10 .1.1   Form of Employment Agreement with Thomas R. Venables.*     6  
  10 .1.2   Form of Employment Agreement with Claire S. Bean.*     6  


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Exhibit No.
 
Description
 
Footnotes
 
  10 .2   Form of Change in Control Agreement with five other Executive Officers, providing one year’s severance to Karen Niro, Michael J. Piemonte and Kathleen P. Sawyer, and two years’ severance to Mariane E. Broadhurst and Rose M. Buckley. This form contains all material information concerning the agreement and the only differences are the name and contact information of the executive officer who is party to the agreement and the number of years of severance provided.*     2  
  10 .3   Form of Benjamin Franklin Bank Benefit Restoration Plan.*     2  
  10 .4.1   Amended and Restated Supplemental Executive Retirement Agreement between Benjamin Franklin Bank and Thomas R. Venables dated as of March 22, 2006.*     8  
  10 .4.2   Amended and Restated Supplemental Executive Retirement Agreement between Benjamin Franklin Bank and Claire S. Bean dated as of March 22, 2006.*     8  
  10 .5   Benjamin Franklin Bancorp Director Fee Continuation Plan. *     4  
  10 .6   Benjamin Franklin Bancorp Employee Salary Continuation Plan.*     2  
  10 .7.1   Payments and Waiver Agreement among Richard E. Bolton, Jr., Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, M.H.C., Benjamin Franklin Savings Bank and Chart Bank, a Cooperative Bank, dated as of September 1, 2004.*     2  
  10 .7.2   Consulting and Noncompetition Agreement between Richard E. Bolton, Jr. and Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, M.H.C., dated as of September 1, 2004.*     2  
  10 .8   Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan*     9  
  10 .8.1   Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement*     10  
  10 .8.2   Form of Non-Statutory Stock Option Agreement (Officer)*     10  
  10 .8.3   Form of Non-Statutory Stock Option Agreement (Director)*     10  
  10 .8.4   Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (Officer)*     10  
  10 .8.5   Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (Director)*     10  
  10 .9   Purchase and Sale Agreement dated December 19, 2006.     11  
  11     See Note 3 to the Financial Statements for a discussion of earnings per share.      
  21     Subsidiaries of Registrant     8  
  23 .1   Consent of Wolf & Company, P.C., independent registered public accounting firm.     1  
  31 .1   Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.     1  
  31 .2   Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.     1  
  32 .1   Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.     1  
  32 .2   Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.     1  
 
 
Relates to compensation.
 
1. Filed herewith.
 
2. Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 333-121154, filed on December 10, 2004.
 
3. Incorporated by reference to Amendment No. 1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 333-121154, filed on January 24, 2005.
 
4. Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-4, File No. 333-121608, filed on December 23, 2004.
 
5. Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A, File No. 000-51194, filed on March 9, 2005.
 
6. Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed on March 29, 2005.
 
7. Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on March 3, 2006.
 
8. Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed on March 28, 2006.

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9. Incorporated by reference to Appendix B to the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, filed on March 28, 2006.
 
10. Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A, filed on August 18, 2006.
 
11. Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on December 26, 2006.
 
(b) Financial Statement Schedules
 
All schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is shown in our financial statements and related notes.


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SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc. has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc.
 
  By: 
/s/  Thomas R. Venables
Thomas R. Venables
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
Date: March 17, 2008
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Report has been signed by the following persons in the indicated capacities as of March 17, 2008.
 
         
Signature
 
Title
 
     
/s/  Thomas R. Venables

Thomas R. Venables
  President and Chief Executive Officer, Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
     
/s/  Claire S. Bean

Claire S. Bean
  Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
     
/s/  Mary Ambler

Mary Ambler
  Director
     
/s/  William P. Bissonnette

William P. Bissonnette
  Director
     
/s/  Richard E. Bolton, Jr.

Richard E. Bolton, Jr.
  Director
     
/s/  William F. Brady, Jr.

William F. Brady, Jr.
  Director
     
/s/  Paul E. Capasso

Paul E. Capasso
  Director
     
/s/  Jonathan A. Haynes

Jonathan A. Haynes
  Director
     
/s/  Anne M. King

Anne M. King
  Director
     
/s/  Daniel F. O’Brien

Daniel F. O’Brien
  Director


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Signature
 
Title
 
     
/s/  Charles F. Oteri

Charles F. Oteri
  Director
     
    

Donald P. Quinn
  Director
     
/s/  Neil E. Todreas

Neil E. Todreas
  Director
     
/s/  Alfred H. Wahlers

Alfred H. Wahlers
  Director
     
/s/  Charles Yergatian

Charles Yergatian
  Director


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Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc.
 
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Year Ended December 31, 2007
Exhibits Filed Herewith
 
         
Exhibit
   
Number
 
Description
 
  23 .1   Consent of Wolf & Company, P.C., independent registered public accounting firm.
  31 .1   Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley act of 2002.
  31 .2   Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley act of 2002.
  32 .1   Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  32 .2   Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC.
 
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
 
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
         
    Page
 
    F-2  
    F-3  
    F-4  
    F-5  
    F-6  
    F-7 - F-39  


F-1


Table of Contents

 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
 
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc.:
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc. and subsidiary as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc. and subsidiary as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
 
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated March 10, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
/s/  Wolf & Company, P.C.
 
Boston, Massachusetts
March 10, 2008


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
 
                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2006  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks
  $ 12,226     $ 16,115  
Cash supplied to ATM customers
    42,002       39,732  
Short-term investments
    10,363       16,748  
                 
Total cash and cash equivalents
    64,591       72,595  
Securities available for sale, at fair value
    156,761       126,982  
Securities held to maturity, at amortized cost
          31  
Restricted equity securities, at cost
    11,591       10,951  
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses of $5,789 in 2007 and $5,337 in 2006
    606,946       576,483  
Loans held for sale, net
          63,730  
Premises and equipment, net
    5,410       5,202  
Accrued interest receivable
    3,648       3,480  
Bank-owned life insurance
    10,700       10,298  
Goodwill
    33,763       33,763  
Other intangible assets
    2,474       3,069  
Other assets
    7,394       7,538  
                 
    $ 903,278     $ 914,122  
                 
 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Deposits
  $ 617,368     $ 633,179  
Short-term borrowings
    2,500       10,000  
Long-term debt
    162,784       148,969  
Deferred gain on sale of premises
    3,531       3,783  
Other liabilities
    9,651       8,786  
                 
Total liabilities
    795,834       804,717  
                 
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 7 and 13)
               
Stockholders’ equity:
               
Common stock, no par value, 75,000,000 shares authorized: 8,030,415 shares issued and 7,856,172 shares outstanding at December 31, 2007; 8,468,137 shares issued and 8,249,802 shares outstanding at December 31, 2006
           
Additional paid-in capital
    77,370       82,909  
Retained earnings
    38,515       36,634  
Unearned compensation
    (7,094 )     (7,938 )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (1,347 )     (2,200 )
                 
Total stockholders’ equity
    107,444       109,405  
                 
    $ 903,278     $ 914,122  
                 
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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Table of Contents

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
 
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005  
    (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)  
 
Interest and dividend income:
                       
Loans, including fees
  $ 39,182     $ 37,676     $ 30,409  
Debt securities
    7,432       5,374       3,811  
Dividends
    707       551       400  
Short-term investments
    852       658       515  
                         
Total interest and dividend income
    48,173       44,259       35,135  
                         
Interest expense:
                       
Interest on deposits
    16,985       14,547       8,500  
Interest on short-term borrowings
    272       320       117  
Interest on long-term debt
    7,231       5,996       4,500  
                         
Total interest expense
    24,488       20,863       13,117  
                         
Net interest income
    23,685       23,396       22,018  
Provision for loan losses
    634       201       525  
                         
Net interest income, after provision for loan losses
    23,051       23,195       21,493  
                         
Other income (charges):
                       
ATM servicing fees
    2,534       3,059       1,639  
Deposit servicing fees
    1,487       1,428       1,233  
Other loan-related fees
    935       487       442  
Gain (loss) on loans sold and held for sale, net
    680       (2,030 )     116  
Gain (loss) on sale/write-down of securities, net
    38       (25 )      
Gain (loss) on sale/write-down of premises, net
    450       (495 )     (1,020 )
Gain on trading assets
    264              
Gain on sale of CSSI customer list
    203              
Income from bank-owned life insurance
    402       347       269  
Miscellaneous
    817       753       808  
                         
Total other income
    7,810       3,524       3,487  
                         
Operating expenses:
                       
Salaries and employee benefits
    14,687       11,682       9,882  
Occupancy and equipment
    3,456       2,631       2,374  
Data processing
    2,411       1,945       1,734  
Professional fees
    859       1,289       1,021  
Marketing and advertising
    611       778       738  
Contribution to Benjamin Franklin Bank Charitable Foundation
                4,000  
Amortization of intangible assets
    803       1,064       1,400  
Other general and administrative
    2,860       2,948       2,288  
                         
Total operating expenses
    25,687       22,337       23,437  
                         
Income before income taxes
    5,174       4,382       1,543  
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
    1,532       (358 )     1,112  
                         
Net income
  $ 3,642     $ 4,740     $ 431  
                         
Weighted-average shares outstanding:
                       
Basic
    7,644,470       7,949,042       n/a  
Diluted
    7,686,543       7,953,739       n/a  
Earnings per share:
                       
Basic
  $ 0.48     $ 0.60       n/a  
Diluted
  $ 0.47     $ 0.60       n/a  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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Table of Contents

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
 
                                                         
                                  Accumulated
       
                Additional
                Other
    Total
 
    Common Stock     Paid-In
    Retained
    Unearned
    Comprehensive
    Stockholders’
 
    Shares     Amount     Capital     Earnings     Compensation     Loss     Equity  
    (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)  
 
Balance at December 31, 2004
        $     $     $ 32,997     $     $ (1,669 )   $ 31,328  
                                                         
Comprehensive loss:
                                                       
Net income
                      431                   431  
Net unrealized loss on securities available for sale, net of tax effects
                                  (657 )     (657 )
                                                         
Total comprehensive loss
                                                    (226 )
                                                         
Issuance of common stock for initial public offering, net of expenses of $2,053
    5,577,419             53,721                         53,721  
Issuance of common stock to Benjamin Frankin Bank Charitable Foundation
    400,000             4,000                         4,000  
Issuance of common stock for acquisition of Chart Bank
    2,511,479             25,115                         25,115  
Stock purchased by ESOP
                                (5,537 )             (5,537 )
Release of ESOP stock
                13             184             197  
Dividends declared ($.06 per share)
                      (486 )                 (486 )
                                                         
Balance at December 31, 2005
    8,488,898             82,849       32,942       (5,353 )     (2,326 )     108,112  
Comprehensive income:
                                                       
Net income
                      4,740                   4,740  
Net unrealized gain on securities available for sale, net of reclassification adjustment and tax effects
                                  424       424  
                                                         
Total comprehensive income
                                                    5,164  
                                                         
Common stock repurchased
    (239,096 )           (3,373 )                       (3,373 )
Issuance of common stock in connection with stock incentive plan
                3,046             (3,046 )            
Restricted stock expense
                            277             277  
Stock option expense
                347                         347  
Release of ESOP stock
                40             184             224  
Dividends declared ($.13 per share)
                      (1,048 )                 (1,048 )
Adjustment to initially apply FASB Statement No. 158
                                  (298 )     (298 )
                                                         
Balance at December 31, 2006
    8,249,802             82,909       36,634       (7,938 )     (2,200 )     109,405  
Comprehensive income:
                                                       
Net income
                      3,642                   3,642  
Net unrealized gain on securities available for sale, net of reclassification adjustment and tax effects
                                  752       752  
FASB Statement No. 158 tax effect adjustment
                                  101       101  
                                                         
Total comprehensive income
                                                    4,495  
                                                         
Common stock repurchased
    (441,890 )           (6,271 )                       (6,271 )
Issuance of common stock in connection with stock incentive plan
                225             (225 )            
Restricted stock expense
    48,260                         690             690  
Forfeiture of restricted stock
                (193 )           193              
Stock option expense
                657                         657  
Release of ESOP stock
                43             186             229  
Dividends declared ($.22 per share)
                      (1,761 )                 (1,761 )
                                                         
Balance at December 31, 2007
    7,856,172     $     $ 77,370     $ 38,515     $ (7,094 )   $ (1,347 )   $ 107,444  
                                                         
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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Table of Contents

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
 
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005  
    (Dollars in thousands)  
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
                       
Net income
  $ 3,642     $ 4,740     $ 431  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
                       
Amortization (accretion) of securities, net
    (579 )     (760 )     9  
Amortization (accretion) of loans, net
    124       (37 )     (64 )
Loss (gain) on sale/write-down of securities, net
    (38 )     25        
Loss (gain) on sale/write-down of premises, net
    (198 )     499       1,020  
Amortization of deferred gain on sale of premises
    (252 )     (4 )      
Provision for loan losses
    634       201       525  
Provision (credit) for losses on unfunded loan commitments
    (261 )     (15 )     161  
Accretion of deposit and borrowing discounts, net
    (6 )     (35 )     (307 )
Amortization of mortgage servicing rights
    297       241       282  
Depreciation expense
    913       1,019       983  
Amortization of intangible assets
    803       1,064       1,400  
Stock-based compensation and ESOP
    1,576       848       197  
Deferred income tax provision (benefit)
    264       (4,231 )     (1,944 )
Income from bank-owned life insurance
    (402 )     (347 )     (269 )
Gains on trading assets
    (264 )            
Purchases of trading assets
    (15,000 )            
Proceeds from sales of trading assets
    15,264              
Gain (loss) on loans sold and held for sale, net
    (680 )     2,030       (116 )
Loans originated for sale
    (54,078 )     (33,205 )     (23,160 )
Proceeds from sales of loans
    54,758       33,536       23,276  
Increase in accrued interest receivable
    (168 )     (435 )     (1,555 )
Contribution of common stock to Charitable Foundation
                4,000  
Other, net
    604       1,640       3,360  
                         
Net cash provided by operating activities
    6,953       6,774       8,229  
                         
Cash flows from investing activities:
                       
Activity in available-for-sale securities:
                       
Sales
    6,967       10        
Maturities, calls, and principal repayments
    67,606       65,970       49,770  
Purchases
    (102,840 )     (69,350 )     (52,900 )
Maturities of and principal repayments on held-to-maturity securities
    5       78       108  
Net change in restricted equity securities
    (640 )     (974 )     (653 )
Purchases of mortgage loans
          (16,118 )      
Loan originations, net
    (30,383 )     (21,029 )     (38,346 )
Purchases of bank-owned life insurance
          (2,500 )      
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale
    62,122              
Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment
    1,078       9,743       785  
Purchases of identifiable intangible assets
    (208 )            
Additions to premises and equipment
    (1,142 )     (1,509 )     (819 )
                         
Net cash used for (provided by) investing activities
    2,565       (35,679 )     (42,055 )
                         
Cash flows from financing activities:
                       
Net increase (decrease) in deposits
    (15,780 )     21,574       (1,858 )
Net change in short-term borrowings
    (7,500 )     10,000       (4,250 )
Proceeds from long-term debt
    46,000       56,000       33,903  
Repayment of long-term debt
    (32,210 )     (47,403 )      
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock
                53,721  
Common stock repurchased
    (6,271 )     (3,373 )      
Dividends paid on common stock
    (1,761 )     (1,048 )     (486 )
Acquisition of common stock by ESOP
                (5,537 )
                         
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities
    (17,522 )     35,750       75,493  
                         
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
    (8,004 )     6,845       41,667  
Cash and cash equivalents acquired in the purchase of Chart Bank
                9,879  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
    72,595       65,750       14,204  
                         
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
  $ 64,591     $ 72,595     $ 65,750  
                         
Supplemental cash flow information:
                       
Interest paid on deposits
  $ 17,147     $ 14,450     $ 8,476  
Interest paid on borrowings
    7,441       6,186       4,452  
Income taxes paid
    1,282       3,595       1,238  
Loans reclassified as held for sale
          66,091        
Loans held for sale transferred to loans, net
    1,063              
Loans held for sale transferred to other assets
    545              
Deferred gain recorded on sale of premises and equipment
          3,787        
Premises and equipment transferred to other assets
                634  
Loans transferred to other assets
    225              
Securities transferred from held-to-maturity to available-for-sale
    26              
                         
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed from Chart Bank were as follows:
                       
Fair value of noncash assets acquired
  $     $     $ 259,008  
Fair value of liabilities assumed
                243,772  
Fair value of common stock issued
                25,115  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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Table of Contents

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
1.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
Basis of presentation and consolidation
 
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Benjamin Franklin Bank (the “Bank”). The Bank has three subsidiaries, Benjamin Franklin Securities Corp. and Benjamin Franklin Securities Corp. II, formed for the purpose of buying, holding, and selling securities, and Creative Strategic Solutions, Inc. (“CSSI”), which supplies cash to automatic teller machines owned by Independent Service Organizations (“ISOs”) and related cash management services to a nationwide customer base of ISOs. At December 31, 2007, CSSI is inactive. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
 
The Company completed its mutual-to-stock conversion (the “Conversion”) and related stock offering with the issuance of 5,577,419 shares of common stock, at an offering price of $10 per share, on April 4, 2005. An additional 2,511,479 shares, valued at $10 per share, were issued in connection with the acquisition of 100% of the outstanding common stock of Chart Bank, which was consummated immediately following the stock conversion. The cash portion of the consideration paid to Chart Bank shareholders totaled $21,535, resulting in a total purchase price of $46,650. The Company’s stock began trading on April 5, 2005, on the Nasdaq National Market, under the symbol “BFBC.”
 
In connection with the Conversion, the Company established the Benjamin Franklin Bank Charitable Foundation (the “Foundation”), funded with a contribution of 400,000 shares of newly-issued Benjamin Franklin common stock. This contribution resulted in the recognition of expense in the second quarter of 2005 equal to the $10 offering price for each of the shares contributed, net of tax benefits. The Foundation provides funding to support charitable causes and community development activities in the communities served by the Company.
 
The Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Benjamin Franklin Capital Trust, is recorded on the equity method (see Note 11- Subordinated Debt).
 
Business and operating segments
 
The Company provides a variety of financial services to individuals and small businesses through its offices in Norfolk, Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts. Its primary deposit products are checking, savings and term certificate accounts, and its primary lending products are residential and commercial mortgage loans. The Bank also provides non-deposit investment products to customers.
 
Management evaluates the Company’s performance and allocates resources based on a single segment concept. Accordingly, there are no separately identified operating segments for which discrete financial information is available. The Company does not derive revenues from, or have assets located in, foreign countries, nor does it derive revenues from any single customer that represents 10% or more of the Company’s total revenues.
 
Use of estimates
 
In preparing consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated balance sheet and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to


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Table of Contents

 
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
the determination of the allowance for loan losses, valuation of goodwill and other intangibles and the valuation of deferred tax assets.
 
Reclassifications
 
Certain amounts in the 2006 and 2005 consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the 2007 presentation. In 2007, the Company reclassified the December 31, 2006 and 2005 reserve for unfunded lending commitments, which amounted to $444 and $459, respectively, from the allowance for loan losses to other liabilities. The related provision (credit) for losses on unfunded lending commitments, which amounted to ($15) and $161, respectively, has been reclassified from the provision for loan losses to other general and administrative expense for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005.
 
Significant group concentrations of credit risk
 
Most of the Company’s activities are with customers located within New England. Notes 3 and 4 discuss the types of securities that the Company invests in. Note 5 discusses the types of lending that the Company engages in. The Company does not have any significant concentrations to any one industry or customer.
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
Cash and cash equivalents include cash and balances due from banks and short-term investments, all of which mature within ninety days.
 
Trading activities
 
The Company engages in trading activities for its own account. Securities that are held principally for resale in the near term are recorded in the trading assets account at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in earnings. Interest and dividends are included in net interest income.
 
Securities
 
Debt securities that management has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as “held to maturity” and recorded at amortized cost. Securities not classified as held to maturity, including equity securities with readily determinable fair values, are classified as “available for sale” and recorded at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported in other comprehensive income/loss.
 
Purchase premiums and discounts are recognized into interest income using the interest method over the contractual terms of the securities. Declines in the fair value of held-to-maturity and available for sale securities below their cost that are deemed to be other-than-temporary are reflected in earnings as realized losses. In estimating other-than-temporary impairment losses, management considers (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition of the issuer, and (3) the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. Gains and losses on the sale of securities are recorded on the trade date and determined using the specific identification method.
 
Restricted equity securities, which consist primarily of Federal Home Loan Bank stock and stock in a community investment fund, are carried at cost.


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Table of Contents

 
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
Loans held for sale
 
Loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at the lower of cost or estimated fair value in the aggregate. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recognized through a valuation allowance by charges to income.
 
Loans
 
The Bank grants mortgage, commercial and consumer loans to customers. A substantial portion of the loan portfolio is represented by mortgage loans in the communities in which the Bank’s branches are located. The ability of the Bank’s debtors to honor their contracts is dependent upon the local real estate market and general economic conditions in this area.
 
Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or pay-off generally are reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balances adjusted for charge-offs, the allowance for loan losses, and any deferred fees or costs on originated loans. Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance. Certain direct loan origination costs, net of origination fees are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the related loan yield using the interest method.
 
The accrual of interest on mortgage and commercial loans is discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days past due unless the credit is well-secured and in process of collection. Past due status is based on contractual terms of the loan. In all cases, loans are placed on non-accrual or charged-off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful.
 
All interest accrued but not collected for loans that are placed on non-accrual or charged off is reversed against interest income. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash-basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual. Loans are returned to accrual status when all principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.
 
Allowance for loan losses
 
The allowance for loan losses is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for loan losses charged to earnings. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance.
 
The allowance for loan losses is evaluated on a regular basis by management and is based upon management’s periodic review of the collectibility of the loans in light of historical experience, the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral and prevailing economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.
 
The allowance consists of specific, general and unallocated components. The specific component relates to loans that are classified as impaired. Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for commercial loans by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. The general component covers non-impaired loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative factors. An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses. The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio.
 
A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due.
 
Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. Accordingly, the Bank does not separately identify individual consumer and residential loans for impairment disclosures.
 
Mortgage loan servicing
 
The Company services mortgage loans for others. Mortgage loan servicing assets are recognized as separate assets when rights are acquired through purchase or through sale of financial assets. For sales of mortgage loans, a portion of the cost of originating the loan is allocated to the servicing right based on fair value. Fair value is based on market prices for comparable mortgage servicing contracts. Capitalized servicing rights are reported in other assets and are amortized into noninterest income in proportion to, and over the period of, the estimated future net servicing income of the underlying financial assets, and are adjusted for prepayments. Servicing assets are evaluated for impairment based upon the fair value of the rights as compared to amortized cost. Impairment is determined by stratifying rights by loan type and the original term. Fair value is determined for each strata using market prices for similar assets with similar characteristics. Impairment is recognized through a valuation allowance for an individual stratum, to the extent that fair value is less than the capitalized amount for the stratum. Changes in the valuation allowance are reported in loan servicing fee income.
 
Premises and equipment
 
Land is carried at cost. Buildings and improvements and equipment are carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization computed on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or the expected terms of the leases, if shorter. Expected terms include lease option periods to the extent that the exercise of the options is reasonably assured.
 
Bank-owned life insurance
 
Bank-owned life insurance policies are reflected on the consolidated balance sheet at cash surrender value. Changes in cash surrender value are reflected in non-interest income on the consolidated statement of income.
 
Transfers of financial assets
 
Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales when control over the assets has been surrendered. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (1) the assets have been isolated from the Company, (2) the transferee obtains the right to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and (3) the Company does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity.
 
Goodwill and other intangible assets
 
The assets (including identifiable intangible assets) and liabilities acquired in a business combination are recorded at fair value at the date of acquisition. Goodwill is recognized for the excess of the acquisition cost over the fair values of the net assets acquired. Identifiable intangible assets are subsequently amortized on a straight-line or accelerated basis, over their estimated lives. Management assesses the recoverability of intangible assets subject to amortization whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. If the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, an impairment charge is recorded to income. Goodwill is not amortized and is reviewed on an annual basis for impairment. In evaluating goodwill, management does not monitor the separate fair value of the acquired entities, but instead measures the fair value of the entire Company, as a single reporting unit. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, management concluded that no intangible assets were impaired.


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
Derivative financial instruments
 
Derivative Loan Commitments
 
Derivative financial instruments are recognized as assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet and measured at fair value.
 
Mortgage loan commitments are referred to as derivative loan commitments if the loan that will result from exercise of the commitment will be held for sale upon funding. Loan commitments that are derivatives are recognized at fair value on the consolidated balance sheet in other assets and other liabilities with changes in their fair values recorded in other income, if material.
 
The Company records a zero value for the loan commitment at inception (at the time the commitment is issued to a borrower (“the time of rate lock”)) and does not recognize the value of the expected normal servicing rights until the underlying loan is sold. Subsequent to inception, changes in the fair value of the loan commitment are recognized based on changes in the fair value of the underlying mortgage loan due to interest rate changes, changes in the probability the derivative loan commitment will be exercised, and the passage of time. In estimating fair value, the Company assigns a probability to a loan commitment based on an expectation that it will be exercised and the loan will be funded.
 
Forward Loan Sale Commitments
 
To protect against the price risk inherent in derivative loan commitments, the Company utilizes both “mandatory delivery” and “best efforts” forward loan sale commitments to mitigate the risk of potential decreases in the values of loans that would result from the exercise of the derivative loan commitments. Mandatory delivery contracts are accounted for as derivative instruments. Generally, the Company’s best efforts contracts meet the definition of derivative instruments when the loans to the underlying borrowers close, and are accounted for as derivative instruments at that time. Accordingly, forward loan sale commitments are recognized at fair value on the consolidated balance sheet in other assets and other liabilities with changes in their fair values recorded in other income, if material.
 
The Company estimates the fair value of its forward loan sales commitments using a methodology similar to that used for derivative loan commitments.
 
Retirement plan
 
The Company accounts for directors’ post-retirement pension plan benefits on the net periodic pension cost method for financial reporting purposes. This method recognizes the compensation cost of an employee’s pension benefit over the director’s approximate service period.
 
Effective December 31, 2006, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Statement No. 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans” (“SFAS 158”), which requires employers to (a) recognize in its statement of financial position the funded status of a benefit plan, (b) measure a plan’s assets and its obligations that determine its funded status as of the employer’s fiscal year, (c) recognize, through other comprehensive income, net of tax, changes in the funded status of the benefit plan that are not recognized as net periodic benefit cost, and (d) disclose additional information about certain effects on net periodic benefit cost for the next fiscal year that relate to the delayed recognition of certain benefit cost elements. The adoption of the Statement resulted in a $298 decrease to other liabilities and accumulated other comprehensive income.


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
Stock compensation plans
 
In 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS 123(R)” or the “Statement”), which requires that the compensation cost relating to share-based payment transactions be recognized in financial statements. That cost is measured based on the fair value of the equity or liability instruments issued. SFAS 123(R) covers a wide range of share-based compensation arrangements including stock options, restricted share plans, performance-based awards, share appreciation rights, and employee share purchase plans. The Statement requires the Company to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for stock options based on the grant-date fair value of the award, and to recognize the cost over the period the employee is required to provide services for the award. (See Note 17.) SFAS 123(R) permits the use of any option-pricing model that meets the fair value objective in the Statement.
 
Income taxes
 
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are reflected at currently enacted income tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted accordingly through the provision for income taxes. The Bank’s base amount of its federal income tax reserve for loan losses is a permanent difference for which there is no recognition of a deferred tax liability. However, the loan loss allowance maintained for financial reporting purposes is a temporary difference with allowable recognition of a related deferred tax asset, if deemed realizable.
 
A valuation allowance related to deferred tax assets is established when, in the judgment of management, it is more likely than not that all or a portion of such deferred tax assets will not be realized. (See Note 12.)
 
Advertising costs
 
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred.
 
Comprehensive income
 
Accounting principles generally require that recognized revenue, expenses, gains and losses be included in net income. Although certain changes in assets and liabilities are reported as a separate component of the stockholders’ equity section of the consolidated balance sheet, such items, along with net income, are components of comprehensive income (loss). The components of other comprehensive income (loss) and related tax effects are as follows:
 
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005  
 
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on securities available for sale
  $ 907     $ 438     $ (750 )
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses and impairment recognized in income
    (38 )     25        
                         
      869       463       (750 )
Tax effect
    (117 )     (39 )     93  
                         
Net-of-tax amount
    752       424       (657 )
FASB Statement No. 158 tax effect adjustment
    101              
                         
    $ 853     $ 424     $ (657 )
                         


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
The components of accumulated other comprehensive income, included in stockholders’ equity, are as follows:
 
                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2006  
 
Net unrealized loss on securities available for sale
  $ (1,256 )   $ (2,125 )
Tax effect
    106       223  
                 
Net-of-tax amount
    (1,150 )     (1,902 )
                 
Unrecognized net actuarial gain pertaining to defined benefit plan
    346       346  
Unrecognized prior service cost pertaining to defined benefit plan
    (644 )     (644 )
                 
      (298 )     (298 )
Tax effect of initially applying SFAS No. 158
    101        
                 
Net-of-tax amount
    (197 )     (298 )
                 
    $ (1,347 )   $ (2,200 )
                 
 
Earnings per share
 
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) excludes dilution and is calculated by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is computed in a manner similar to that of basic EPS except that the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding is increased to include the number of incremental common shares (computed using the treasury stock method) that would have been outstanding if all potentially dilutive common stock equivalents (such as stock options and unvested restricted stock) were issued during the period. There were no potentially dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding during the year ended December 31, 2005. Unallocated common shares held by the ESOP are shown as a reduction in stockholders’ equity and are not included in the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for either basic or diluted earnings per share calculations.
 
The Company converted to a stock company on April 4, 2005, resulting in shares outstanding for a period less than twelve months during the year ended December 31, 2005.
 
Earnings per common share have been computed based on the following:
 
                 
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006  
 
Net income
  $ 3,642     $ 4,740  
                 
Average number of common shares outstanding
    7,644,470       7,949,042  
Effect of dilutive options and restricted stock
    42,073       4,697  
                 
Average number of common shares outstanding used to calculate diluted earnings per common share
    7,686,543       7,953,739  
                 
 
Stock options and restricted stock that would have an anti-dilutive effect on diluted earnings per share are excluded from the calculation. For the year ended December 31, 2007, 424,966 shares were anti-dilutive. There were no anti-dilutive shares for the year ended December 31, 2006.


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
Recent accounting pronouncements
 
In March 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 156, “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets,” which amends FASB Statement No. 140 and requires that all separately recognized servicing rights be initially measured at fair value, if practicable. For each class of separately recognized servicing assets and liabilities, this Statement permits an entity to choose either of the following subsequent measurement methods: (1) amortize servicing assets or liabilities in proportion to and over the period of estimated net servicing income or net servicing loss, or (2) report servicing assets or liabilities at fair value at each reporting date and report changes in fair value in earnings in the period in which the changes occur (the “fair value method”). This Statement was effective for new transactions occurring and for subsequent measurement as of January 1, 2007. Management did not adopt the fair value method of accounting for its servicing rights. Therefore, the adoption of this Statement did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In July 2006, the FASB issued Financial Accounting Standards Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”) which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an entity’s financial statements in accordance with FASB Statement No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes”. FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosures and transitions. The Company adopted FIN 48 on January 1, 2007 and this adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.” This Statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The definition of fair value retains the exchange price notion in earlier definitions of fair value. This Statement clarifies that the exchange price is the price in an orderly transaction between market participants to sell the asset or transfer the liability in the market in which the reporting entity would transact for the asset or liability, that is, the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability. Emphasis is placed on fair value being a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement, and therefore a fair value measurement should be determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. As a basis for considering these market participant assumptions, a fair value hierarchy has been established to distinguish between (1) market participant assumptions developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity (observable inputs) and (2) the reporting entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions developed based on the best information available in the circumstances (unobservable inputs). This Statement is effective for the Company on January 1, 2008 and is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities — Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115.” This Statement permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value, with the objective of improving financial reporting by providing entities with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions, and is expected to expand the use of fair value measurement. An entity will report unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. The fair value option may generally be applied instrument by instrument and is irrevocable. This Statement is effective for the Company on January 1, 2008 and is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 141 (revised), “Business Combinations.” This Statement replaces FASB Statement No. 141, and applies to all business entities, including mutual entities that


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
previously used the pooling-of-interests method of accounting for certain business combinations. Under Statement No. 141 (revised) an acquirer is required to recognize at fair value the assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date. This replaces the cost allocation process under Statement No. 141, which resulted in the non-recognition of some assets and liabilities at the acquisition date and in measuring some assets and liabilities at amounts other than their fair values at the acquisition date. This Statement requires that acquisition costs and expected restructuring costs be recognized separately from the acquisition, and that the acquirer in a business combination achieved in stages recognize the identifiable assets and liabilities, as well as the non-controlling interest in the acquiree, at the full amounts of their fair values. This Statement also requires an acquirer to recognize assets acquired and liabilities assumed arising from contractual contingencies as of the acquisition date, while Statement 141 allowed for the deferred recognition of pre-acquisition contingencies until certain recognition criteria were met, and an acquirer is only required to recognize assets or liabilities arising from all other contingencies if it is more likely than not that they meet the definition of an asset or a liability. Under this Statement, an acquirer is required to recognize contingent consideration at the acquisition date, whereas contingent consideration obligations usually were not recognized at the acquisition date under Statement 141. Further, this Statement eliminates the concept of negative goodwill and requires gain recognition in instances in which the total acquisition-date fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired exceeds the fair value of the consideration transferred plus any non-controlling interest in the acquiree. This Statement makes significant amendments to other Statements and other authoritative guidance, and applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. An entity may not apply it before that date.
 
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51.” This Statement establishes accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. It clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as equity in the consolidated financial statements. This Statement is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008.
 
2.   RESTRICTIONS ON CASH AND DUE FROM BANKS
 
The Bank is required to maintain daily average balances on hand or with the Federal Reserve Bank. At both December 31, 2007 and 2006, these reserve balances amounted to $200.
 
3.   SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS
 
Short-term investments consist of the following:
 
                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2006  
 
Federal funds sold
  $ 2,370     $ 12,438  
Repurchase agreements
    3,029        
Money market accounts
    4,964       4,310  
                 
    $ 10,363     $ 16,748  
                 


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
4.   SECURITIES
 
The amortized cost and fair value of securities with gross unrealized gains and losses follows:
 
                                 
          Gross
    Gross
       
    Amortized
    Unrealized
    Unrealized
    Fair
 
    Cost     Gains     Losses     Value  
 
December 31, 2007:
                               
Securities available for sale:
                               
Government-sponsored enterprise obligations
  $ 85,972     $ 240     $ (34 )   $ 86,178  
Municipal obligations
    1,206             (4 )     1,202  
Mortgage-backed securities
    70,839       373       (1,831 )     69,381  
                                 
    $ 158,017     $ 613     $ (1,869 )   $ 156,761  
                                 
December 31, 2006:
                               
Securities available for sale:
                               
Government-sponsored enterprise obligations
  $ 97,723     $ 70     $ (291 )   $ 97,502  
Municipal obligations
    1,707             (20 )     1,687  
Mortgage-backed securities
    29,677       8       (1,892 )     27,793  
                                 
    $ 129,107     $ 78     $ (2,203 )   $ 126,982  
                                 
Securities held to maturity:
                               
Mortgage-backed securities
  $ 31                 $ 31  
                                 
 
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities, excluding mortgage-backed securities, by contractual maturity at December 31, 2007 is as follows. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities on certain securities because of call or prepayment provisions.
 
                 
    Amortized
    Fair
 
    Cost     Value  
 
Within 1 year
  $ 53,822     $ 53,860  
After 1 year through 5 years
    33,356       33,520  
                 
    $ 87,178     $ 87,380  
                 
 
Proceeds from the sale of securities available for sale during the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 amounted to $6,967 and $10, respectively. Gross gains of $38 and $10 were realized during the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. In addition, the Company recorded a $35 impairment loss during the year ended December 31, 2006. There were no sales of securities during the year ended December 31, 2005.


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
Information pertaining to securities with gross unrealized losses at December 31, 2007 and 2006, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position, follows:
 
                                 
    Less Than Twelve Months     Over Twelve Months  
    Gross
          Gross
       
    Unrealized
    Fair
    Unrealized
    Fair
 
    Losses     Value     Losses     Value  
 
December 31, 2007:
                               
Government-sponsored enterprise obligations
  $ 26     $ 12,920     $ 8     $ 3,983  
Municipal obligations
                4       1,202  
Mortgage-backed securities
    4       2,317       1,827       24,968  
                                 
Total temporarily impaired securities
  $ 30     $ 15,237     $ 1,839     $ 30,153  
                                 
December 31, 2006:
                               
Government-sponsored enterprise obligations
  $ 70     $ 29,972     $ 221     $ 41,865  
Municipal obligations
                20       1,687  
Mortgage-backed securities
                1,892       27,220  
                                 
Total temporarily impaired securities
  $ 70     $ 29,972     $ 2,133     $ 70,772  
                                 
 
Unrealized losses on debt securities at December 31, 2007 represent 3.95% of the securities’ amortized cost and reflect temporary declines in fair value attributable to changes in market interest rates. As management has both the intent and ability to hold these securities until recovery, no declines are deemed to be other than temporary.
 
5.   LOANS
 
A summary of the balances of loans follows:
 
                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2006  
 
Mortgage loans on real estate:
               
Residential
  $ 187,991     $ 212,131  
Commercial
    168,463       159,188  
Construction
    55,763       68,877  
Home equity
    37,768       36,546  
                 
      449,985       476,742  
                 
Other loans:
               
Commercial
    159,233       101,055  
Consumer
    2,592       3,110  
                 
      161,825       104,165  
                 
Total loans
    611,810       580,907  
Allowance for loan losses
    (5,789 )     (5,337 )
Net deferred loan costs
    925       913  
                 
Loans, net
  $ 606,946     $ 576,483  
                 


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
An analysis of the allowance for loan losses follows:
 
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005  
 
Balance at beginning of year
  $ 5,337     $ 5,211     $ 2,874  
Allowance added from acquisition of Chart Bank
                1,812  
Provision for loan losses
    634       201       525  
Recoveries
    81       77       79  
Charge-offs
    (263 )     (152 )     (79 )
                         
Balance at end of year
  $ 5,789     $ 5,337     $ 5,211  
                         
 
The following is a summary of impaired and non-accrual loans:
 
                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2006  
 
Total impaired loans
  $ 880     $ 1,256  
                 
Valuation allowances related to impaired loans
  $ 37     $  
                 
Non-accrual loans
  $ 1,598     $ 1,548  
                 
Loans greater than 90 days past due and still accruing
  $     $  
                 
 
                         
    Years Ended December 31,
    2007   2006   2005
 
Average recorded investment in impaired loans
  $ 439     $ 38     $ 266  
                         
Interest income recognized on a cash basis on impaired loans
  $ 9     $     $ 12  
                         
 
No additional funds are committed to be advanced in connection with impaired loans.
 
At December 31, 2007 and 2006, loans with principal balances of $8,582 and $10,502, respectively, were pledged to the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston as part of the Borrower-in-Custody advance program for which there are no outstanding advances as of December 31, 2007 and 2006.
 
6.   MORTGAGE LOAN SERVICING
 
Mortgage loans serviced for others are not included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The risks inherent in mortgage servicing assets relate primarily to changes in prepayments that result from shifts in mortgage interest rates. The unpaid principal balances of mortgage and other loans serviced for others were $162,619 and $114,195 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. All loans sold and serviced for others were sold without recourse provisions.


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
The following summarizes mortgage servicing rights capitalized and amortized. The Bank has no valuation allowances for mortgage servicing rights.
 
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005  
 
Balance at beginning of year
  $ 335     $ 503     $ 653  
Additions
    553       73       132  
Amortization
    (297 )     (241 )     (282 )
                         
Balance at end of year
  $ 591     $ 335     $ 503  
                         
Fair value of mortgage servicing assets
  $ 2,252     $ 1,446     $ 943  
                         
 
For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, included in total other loan-related fees on the consolidated statements of income are contractually specified servicing fees amounting to $529, $322 and $331, respectively.
 
7.   PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT
 
A summary of the cost and accumulated depreciation of premises and equipment follows:
 
                         
    December 31,     Estimated
 
    2007     2006     Useful Lives  
 
Land
  $ 1,415     $ 1,415        
Buildings and improvements
    5,043       4,339       5-40 years  
Equipment
    7,327       6,940       3-10 years  
                         
      13,785       12,694          
Less accumulated depreciation
    (8,375 )     (7,492 )        
                         
    $ 5,410     $ 5,202          
                         
 
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, amounted to $913, $1,019 and $983, respectively.
 
The Company leases nine of its branch offices, including two offices leased from entities owned and managed by a Director of the Company (see Note 18). Pursuant to the terms of noncancelable lease agreements in effect at December 31, 2007, pertaining to banking premises, future minimum rent commitments (excluding option periods) under the operating leases are as follows:
 
         
Year Ending December 31,
  Amount  
 
2008
  $ 1,190  
2009
    1,187  
2010
    1,187  
2011
    1,085  
2012
    1,097  
Thereafter
    8,601  
         
    $ 14,347  
         
 
On December 27, 2006, the Bank entered into an agreement to sell and simultaneously lease back six of its branch properties. The aggregate purchase price was $9,728 which resulted in a gain of $3,787 on five of


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
the branch properties, and a loss of $503 on the remaining property. The gain of $3,787 was deferred and will be recognized in income ratably over the 15-year initial fixed term of the lease. The loss of $503 was recognized immediately in the 2006 operating results. The aggregate initial rent for the six properties is $800 per annum, which is subject to increase based on increases in CPI, capped at a maximum of 3% per annum. The Bank has three 5-year renewal options, at market, at the conclusion of the 15-year initial lease term.
 
Other leases contain options to extend for periods of five to ten years at then-market rents. Total rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 amounted to $1,184, $305 and $176, respectively.
 
8.   GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
 
The goodwill recognized in the 2005 acquisition of Chart Bank and the 1998 acquisition of Foxboro National Bank amounted to $29,515 and $4,248, respectively.
 
The Company recorded an identifiable intangible asset for core deposits in connection with its 2005 acquisition of Chart Bank and its 2007 acquisition of a customer list in a strategic alliance with an investment services firm. The resulting core deposit and customer list intangible assets are being amortized over periods of 15 years on the double declining balance method and 5 years on the straight-line basis, respectively. The net book value of this asset at December 31, 2007 and 2006 is as follows:
 
                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2006  
 
Customer-based intangible assets
  $ 6,964     $ 6,756  
Accumulated amortization
    (4,490 )     (3,687 )
                 
    $ 2,474     $ 3,069  
                 
 
Amortization expense on other intangible assets, was $803, $1,064 and $1,400 for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Expected future amortization expense as of December 31, 2007 is as follows:
 
         
2008
  $ 616  
2009
    466  
2010
    352  
2011
    272  
2012
    194  
Thereafter
    574  
         
    $ 2,474  
         


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
9.   DEPOSITS
 
A summary of deposit balances, by type, is as follows:
 
                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2006  
 
Demand deposits
  $ 113,023     $ 120,966  
NOW
    52,000       28,606  
Regular and other savings
    79,167       81,569  
Money market deposits
    110,544       93,988  
                 
Total non-certificate accounts
    354,734       325,129  
                 
Term certificates less than $100
    159,272       176,677  
Term certificates of $100 or more
    103,362       131,373  
                 
Total certificate accounts
    262,634       308,050  
                 
Total deposits
  $ 617,368     $ 633,179  
                 
 
At December 31, 2007, the scheduled maturities of time deposits are as follows:
 
         
2008
  $ 218,049  
2009
    30,964  
2010
    5,103  
2011
    2,776  
2012
    5,742  
         
    $ 262,634  
         
 
10.   SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS
 
At December 31, 2007 and 2006, short-term borrowings consisted of Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances in the amount of $2,500 and $10,000, respectively, with a weighted average rate of 4.58% and 5.24%, respectively. The advances are secured by a blanket lien on qualified collateral as described in Note 11.
 
11.   LONG-TERM DEBT
 
Long-term debt consists of the following:
 
                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2006  
 
FHLB fixed-rate advances
  $ 162,784     $ 139,969  
Subordinated debt issued to trust subsidiary
          9,000  
                 
    $ 162,784     $ 148,969  
                 


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
FHLB advances
 
Additional information pertaining to FHLB advances at December 31, 2007 and 2006 is as follows:
 
                                 
    December 31, 2007     December 31, 2006  
          Weighted
          Weighted
 
          Average
          Average
 
Maturity Date
  Amount     Rate     Amount     Rate  
 
2007
  $       %   $ 22,969       3.25 %
2008
    26,994       4.09       27,000       4.09  
2009
    43,000       5.08       27,000       5.38  
2010(1)
    64,000       4.53       40,000       4.29  
2011
    15,000       5.63       15,000       5.63  
2012
    3,000       4.26              
2014
    3,000       4.58              
2027(2)
    7,790       5.31       8,000       5.31  
                                 
    $ 162,784       4.74 %   $ 139,969       4.49 %
                                 
 
 
(1) Includes a $10,000 advance that is callable in 2008.
 
(2) Amortizing advance requiring monthly principal and interest payments.
 
The Bank also has an available line of credit with the FHLB at an interest rate that adjusts daily. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, borrowings available under the line were limited to $500, none of which was outstanding.
 
All borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank are secured by a blanket lien on qualified collateral, defined principally as 75% of the carrying value of first mortgage loans on owner-occupied residential property and 90% of the fair value of government-sponsored enterprise obligations and mortgage-backed securities. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the carrying amount of assets qualifying as collateral for FHLB advances amounted to $351,074 and $249,509, respectively.
 
Subordinated debt
 
During the fourth quarter of 2002, the Company raised net proceeds of $8.7 million in a sale of $9.0 million of subordinated debentures to Benjamin Franklin Capital Trust I (the “Trust”). The Trust funded the purchase by participating in a pooled offering of 9,000 capital securities representing preferred ownership interests in the assets of the Trust with a liquidation value of $1,000 each. Since its inception, interest payable on the subordinated debentures and cumulative dividends payable quarterly on the preferred securities, was fixed at a 6.94% rate. In 2007, the Company obtained regulatory approval to accelerate the maturity to November 2007, and extinguished the debt at that time at a cost equal to 100% of the principal amount plus accrued interest to the date of redemption. In conjunction with this repayment, the remaining unamortized debt issuance costs of $214 were charged to expense in 2007.
 
The outstanding preferred securities may be included in regulatory Tier 1 capital (See Note 14), subject to a limitation that such amounts not exceed 25% of Tier 1 capital. At December 31, 2006, preferred securities aggregating $9,000 are included in Tier 1 capital and deferred debt financing costs are included in other assets.


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
12.   INCOME TAXES
 
Allocation of the federal and state income taxes between current and deferred portions is as follows:
 
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005  
 
Current tax provision:
                       
Federal
  $ 1,178     $ 2,711     $ 2,394  
State
    90       1,162       662  
                         
      1,268       3,873       3,056  
                         
Deferred tax benefit:
                       
Federal
    405       (976 )     (2,012 )
State
    191       (1,117 )     (365 )
                         
      596       (2,093 )     (2,377 )
Change in valuation reserve
    (332 )     (2,138 )     433  
                         
      264       (4,231 )     (1,944 )
                         
Total tax provision (benefit)
  $ 1,532     $ (358 )   $ 1,112  
                         
 
The reasons for the differences between the statutory federal income tax rate and the effective tax rates are summarized as follows:
 
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005  
 
Statutory rate
    34.0 %     34.0 %     34.0 %
Increase (decrease) resulting from:
                       
State taxes, net of federal tax
    3.6       0.7       12.7  
Change in valuation reserve
    (6.4 )     (40.2 )     28.1  
Officers’ life insurance
    (2.5 )     (2.6 )     (5.4 )
Other, net
    0.9       (0.1 )     2.7  
                         
Effective tax rates
    29.6 %     (8.2 )%     72.1 %
                         


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
The components of the net deferred tax asset included in other assets are as follows:
 
                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2006  
 
Deferred tax liabilities:
               
Federal
  $ (1,425 )   $ (1,599 )
State
    (478 )     (525 )
                 
      (1,903 )     (2,124 )
                 
Deferred tax assets:
               
Federal
    5,477       6,048  
State
    1,474       1,736  
                 
      6,951       7,784  
Valuation reserve
    (252 )     (584 )
                 
      6,699       7,200  
                 
Net deferred tax asset
  $ 4,796     $ 5,076  
                 
 
The tax effect of each item that gives rise to deferred taxes are as follows:
 
                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2006  
 
Allowance for loan losses
  $ 2,362     $ 2,192  
Employee benefit plans
    1,656       900  
Net unrealized loss on securities available for sale
    106       223  
Depreciation
    (155 )     (148 )
Net deferred loan costs
    (379 )     (373 )
Mortgage servicing rights
    (242 )     (136 )
Capital loss carryforward
    252       11  
Writedown of land
          573  
Deferred gain on sale of premises
    1,445       1,547  
Write-down of loans
          966  
Charitable contribution carryover
    848       977  
Purchase accounting adjustments
    (989 )     (1,220 )
Other, net
    144       148  
                 
      5,048       5,660  
Valuation reserve
    (252 )     (584 )
                 
Deferred tax asset
  $ 4,796     $ 5,076  
                 
 
At December 31, 2007, the Company has a capital loss carryover of $740 available to offset future capital gains, $32 of which expires in 2009 and $708 which expires in 2012. The change in the valuation reserve for the year ended December 31, 2007 is due to the $708 increase in the capital loss carryover, and the sale of land which had been previously written down by $1,400. The change in the valuation reserve for the year ended December 31, 2006 is due to the utilization of $5,182 of the capital loss carryover and the expiration of $1,139 of the capital loss carryover.


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
The federal income tax reserve for loan losses at the Bank’s base year amounted to $3,055. If any portion of the reserve is used for purposes other than to absorb loan losses, approximately 150% of the amount actually used (limited to the amount of the reserve) would be subject to taxation in the year in which used. As the Bank intends to use the reserve only to absorb loan losses, a deferred tax liability of $1,253 has not been provided.
 
13.   OTHER COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
 
In the normal course of business, there are outstanding commitments which are not reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
 
Loan commitments
 
The Bank is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and advance funds on outstanding lines-of-credit. Such commitments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets.
 
The Bank’s exposure to credit loss is represented by the contractual amount of the commitments. The Bank uses the same credit policies in making commitments as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments.
 
At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the following financial instruments were outstanding whose contract amounts represent credit risk:
 
                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2006  
 
Commitments to grant loans
  $ 15,097     $ 15,657  
Unadvanced funds on construction loans
    25,126       27,783  
Unadvanced funds on home equity lines-of-credit
    42,691       39,905  
Unadvanced funds on commercial lines-of-credit
    29,909       21,001  
Unadvanced funds on personal lines-of-credit
    2,413       2,432  
Commercial letters of credit
    1,213       1,355  
 
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. The commitments for lines-of-credit may expire without being drawn upon, therefore, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Bank evaluates each customer’s credit worthiness on a case-by-case basis. Funds disbursed under commitments to grant loans and extend advances for construction loans and home equity lines-of-credit are primarily secured by real estate, and commercial lines-of-credit are generally secured by business assets. Personal lines-of-credit are unsecured.
 
Commercial letters-of-credit are conditional commitments issued by the Bank to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Those letters-of-credit are primarily issued to support public and private borrowing arrangements. Essentially all letters of credit issued have expiration dates within one year. The credit risk involved in issuing letters-of-credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers. The Bank generally holds collateral supporting those commitments.


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
Derivative financial instruments
 
Loan commitments pertaining to loans that the Company is originating for sale are, by definition, derivative financial instruments. The Bank enters into investor loan sale commitments to mitigate the interest rate risk inherent in fixed-rate loan commitments. These sale commitments also meet the characteristics of a derivative financial instrument. These transactions involve both credit and market risk.
 
Loan commitments with individual borrowers require the Bank to originate a loan upon completion of various underwriting requirements, and may lock an interest rate at the time of commitment. In turn, the Bank generally enters into investor loan sale commitments which represent agreements to sell these loans to investors at a predetermined price. If the individual loan is not available for sale (i.e. the loan does not close), the Bank may fill the commitment with a similar loan, or pay a fee to terminate the contract. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Bank had $807 and $3,685, respectively, in commitments to grant mortgage loans originated for sale under rate lock agreements with borrowers. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Bank had $807 and $3,685, respectively, in outstanding investor loan sale commitments. The fair value of these derivative financial instruments is zero at the date of commitment and subsequent changes are not material.
 
Other contingencies
 
Various legal claims also arise from time to time in the normal course of business which, in the opinion of management, will have no material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
14.   STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
Minimum regulatory capital requirements
 
The Company and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s and the Bank’s consolidated financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company and the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of its assets, liabilities and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors. Bank holding companies are not covered by the prompt corrective action provisions of the capital guidelines.
 
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Company and the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the following table) of total and Tier 1 capital (as defined) to risk-weighted assets (as defined) and of Tier 1 capital to average assets (as defined). Management believes, as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, that the Company and the Bank meet all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject.


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
As of December 31, 2007, the most recent notification from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation categorized the Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. To be categorized as well capitalized, the Bank must maintain minimum total risk-based, Tier 1 risk-based and Tier 1 leverage ratios as set forth in the following table. There are no conditions or events since the notification that management believes have changed the Bank’s category. The Company’s and the Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 are also presented in the table.
 
                                                 
                Minimum to be
 
          Minimum Capital
    Well Capitalized
 
    Actual     Requirements     Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions  
    Amount     Ratio     Amount     Ratio     Amount     Ratio  
 
December 31, 2007:
                                               
Total capital to risk weighted assets:
                                               
Consolidated
  $ 78,526       12.3 %   $ 50,982       8.0 %     N/A       N/A  
Bank
    71,154       11.2       50,944       8.0     $ 63,680       10.0 %
Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets:
                                               
Consolidated
    72,554       11.4       25,491       4.0       N/A       N/A  
Bank
    65,182       10.2       25,472       4.0       38,208       6.0  
Tier 1 capital to average assets:
                                               
Consolidated
    72,554       8.3       34,898       4.0       N/A       N/A  
Bank
    65,182       7.5       35,006       4.0       43,757       5.0  
December 31, 2006:
                                               
Total capital to risk weighted assets:
                                               
Consolidated
  $ 89,256       14.4 %   $ 49,473       8.0 %     N/A       N/A  
Bank
    66,632       10.8       49,408       8.0     $ 61,761       10.0 %
Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets:
                                               
Consolidated
    83,475       13.5       24,737       4.0       N/A       N/A  
Bank
    60,851       9.9       24,704       4.0       37,056       6.0  
Tier 1 capital to average assets:
                                               
Consolidated
    83,475       9.6       34,710       4.0       N/A       N/A  
Bank
    60,851       6.7       34,793       4.0       43,491       5.0  


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
A reconciliation of the Company’s and Bank’s stockholders’ equity to regulatory capital follows:
 
                                 
    December 31, 2007     December 31, 2006  
    Consolidated     Bank     Consolidated     Bank  
 
Total stockholders’ equity per financial statements
  $ 107,444     $ 100,072     $ 109,405     $ 95,781  
Adjustments for Tier 1 capital:
                               
Goodwill
    (33,763 )     (33,763 )     (33,763 )     (33,763 )
Intangible assets
    (2,474 )     (2,474 )     (3,069 )     (3,069 )
Trust preferred securities
                9,000        
Net unrealized loss on securities available for sale, net of tax
    1,150       1,150       1,902       1,902  
Unrecognized gains and prior service cost pertaining to defined benefit plan, net of tax
    197       197              
                                 
Total Tier 1 capital
    72,554       65,182       83,475       60,851  
                                 
Adjustments for total capital:
                               
Allowance for loan losses
    5,789       5,789       5,337       5,337  
Allowance for unfunded lending commitments
    183       183       444       444  
                                 
Total capital per regulatory reporting
  $ 78,526     $ 71,154     $ 89,256     $ 66,632  
                                 
 
Common stock repurchases
 
In 2007, the Company repurchased 441,890 shares of its common stock at a total cost of $6.3 million, or $14.19 per share on average. Of the amount purchased, 412,490 were repurchased under a plan authorized by the Company’s Board of Directors on November 14, 2006, representing the total amount authorized under that plan. The remaining 29,400 shares purchased in 2007 were repurchased under a plan authorized by the Board of Directors on November 29, 2007. 394,200 shares were authorized for repurchase under the November 29, 2007 plan, leaving 364,800 available for repurchase as of December 31, 2007.
 
Liquidation account
 
As part of the Conversion, the Company established a liquidation account in the amount of $31,327 which is equal to the net worth of the Company as of the date of the latest consolidated balance sheet appearing in the final prospectus distributed in connection with the Conversion. The liquidation account is maintained for the benefit of eligible account holders and supplemental eligible account holders who maintain their deposit accounts at the Bank after the Conversion. The liquidation account will be reduced annually to the extent that such account holders have reduced their qualifying deposits as of each anniversary date. Subsequent increases will not restore an account holder’s interest in the liquidation account. In the event of a complete liquidation, each eligible account holder will be entitled to receive balances for accounts then held.
 
15.   RESTRICTIONS ON DIVIDENDS, LOANS AND ADVANCES
 
Federal and state banking regulations place certain restrictions on dividends paid and loans or advances made by the Bank to the Company. While Federal regulations limit the amount of dividends that may be paid at any date to the retained earnings of the Bank, for State regulatory purposes, the approval of the Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks is required if the total of all dividends declared in any calendar year


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
exceeds the total of the Bank’s net profits for that year combined with its retained net profits of the preceding two years. Loans or advances are limited to 10 percent of the Bank’s capital stock and surplus on a secured basis.
 
At December 31, 2007, the Bank’s total retained earnings available for the payment of dividends was $42,348. Accordingly, $57,724 of the Company’s equity in the net assets of the Bank was restricted at December 31, 2007. Funds available for loans or advances by the Bank to the Company amounted to $10,007.
 
The Company may not declare or pay dividends on, and may not repurchase, any of its shares of common stock if the effect thereof would cause stockholders’ equity to be reduced below applicable regulatory capital maintenance requirements or if such declaration, payment or repurchase would otherwise violate regulatory requirements or impair the liquidation account established for the benefit of the Bank’s eligible account holders and supplemental account holders at the time of the Conversion.
 
16.   EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
 
401(k) plan
 
The Bank adopted a 401(k) savings plan, which provides for voluntary contributions by participating employees up to seventy-five percent of their compensation, subject to certain limitations. Under the terms of the plan, the Bank at its discretion will match two hundred percent of an employee’s contribution to the 401(k) plan subject to a maximum of 6% of the employee’s compensation. Total expense under the 401(k) plan for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, amounted to $507, $462 and $398, respectively.
 
Supplemental retirement plans
 
The Bank has adopted a Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, which provides for certain of the Bank’s executives to receive monthly benefits upon retirement, subject to certain limitations as set forth in the Plan and a Benefit Restoration Plan which provides for restorative payments equal to (1) the amount of additional benefits the participants would receive under the 401(k) plan if there were no income limitations imposed by the Internal Revenue Service and (2) projected allocation under the ESOP plan as if the participant had continued through the full vesting term of the plan upon retirement. The present value of these future benefits is accrued over the executives’ required service periods, and the expense for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 amounted to $758, $443 and $247, respectively.


F-29


Table of Contents

 
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
Director fee continuation plan
 
Effective April 4, 2005, the Company established an unfunded director fee continuation plan which provides certain benefits to all eligible non-employee members of the boards of directors of the Company and Bank upon retirement. Information pertaining to the activity in the plan follows:
 
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005  
 
Change in benefit obligation:
                       
Benefit obligation at beginning of year
  $ 801     $ 788     $  
Benefit obligation at inception for prior service cost
                824  
Service cost
    44       65       110  
Interest cost
    45       45       34  
Change in discount rate
          (9 )     (10 )
Actuarial gain
    64       (88 )     (170 )
Benefits paid
    (36 )            
                         
Benefit obligation at end of year
    918       801       788  
                         
Fair value of plan assets at end of year
                 
                         
Funded status
    (918 )     (801 )     (788 )
Unrecognized net actuarial gain
                (179 )
Unrecognized prior service cost
                746  
                         
Accrued pension cost
  $ (918 )   $ (801 )   $ (221 )
                         
Accumulated benefit obligation at end of year
  $ (826 )   $ (718 )   $ (599 )
                         
 
The assumptions used to determine the benefit obligation are as follows:
 
                 
    December 31,
    2007   2006
 
Discount rate
    6.00 %     6.00 %
Rate of fee increase
    2.00       2.00  
 
The components of net periodic pension cost are as follows:
 
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005  
 
Service cost
  $ 44     $ 65     $ 110  
Interest cost
    45       45       34  
Amortization of prior service cost
    103       103       77  
Recognized net actuarial gain
    (27 )     (14 )      
                         
    $ 165     $ 199     $ 221  
                         
 
The following amounts, included in accumulated other comprehensive income at December 31, 2007, are expected to be recognized as components of net periodic pension cost for the year ending December 31, 2008:
 
         
Actuarial gain
  $ (28 )
Prior service costs
  $ 103  


F-30


Table of Contents

 
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
The assumptions used to determine net periodic pension cost are as follows:
 
                         
    Years Ended December 31,
    2007   2006   2005
 
Discount rate
    6.00 %     5.75 %     5.75 %
Annual salary increase
    2.00       2.00       2.00  
 
Estimated future benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are as follows:
 
         
Year Ending December 31,
  Amount  
 
2008
  $ 167  
2009
    187  
2010
    187  
2011
    187  
2012
    151  
Years 2013-2017
    160  
 
Executive employment and change in control agreements
 
Effective April 4, 2005, the Bank entered into Executive Employment Agreements with the President and the Chief Financial Officer for an initial term of three years. These agreements provide for, among other things, an annual base salary and severance upon termination of employment. However, such employment may be terminated for cause, as defined, without incurring any continuing obligation. These agreements also provide for automatic extensions such that, at any point in time, the then-remaining term of employment shall be three years.
 
The Company also entered into Change in Control Agreements with five of its senior officers on April 4, 2005. These agreements provide for a lump sum severance payment equal to either one or two times the officer’s annual compensation, as defined, and certain other benefits upon termination of the officer’s employment under certain circumstances within two years after a change in control. Further, the Company established at the time of conversion an employee salary continuation plan that will provide eligible employees with certain severance benefits in the event their employment is terminated within one year following a change in control.
 
Employee Stock Ownership Plan
 
As part of the Conversion, the Bank established an Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”) for the benefit of its eligible employees. The Company provided a loan to the Benjamin Franklin Bank Employee Stock Ownership Trust of $5,538 which was used to purchase 478,194 shares of the Company’s outstanding stock. The loan bears interest equal to 5.75% and provides for annual payments of interest and principal over the 30-year term of the loan.


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Table of Contents

 
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
At December 31, 2007, the remaining principal balance on the ESOP debt is payable as follows:
 
         
Year Ending December 31,
  Amount  
 
2008
  $ 83  
2009
    88  
2010
    94  
2011
    99  
2012
    104  
Thereafter
    4,705  
         
    $ 5,173  
         
 
The Bank has committed to make contributions to the ESOP sufficient to support the debt service of the loan. The loan is secured by the shares purchased, which are held in a suspense account for allocation among participants as the loan is repaid. Cash dividends paid on allocated shares are distributed to participants and cash dividends paid on unallocated shares are used to repay the outstanding debt of the ESOP.
 
Shares held by the ESOP include the following at December 31, 2007:
 
                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2006  
 
Allocated
    30,989       15,940  
Committed to be allocated
    15,940       15,940  
Unallocated
    430,374       446,314  
                 
      477,303       478,194  
                 
 
At December 31, 2007, the market value of unallocated shares was $5,651.
 
As ESOP shares are earned by participants, the Company recognizes compensation expense equal to the fair value of the earned ESOP shares. Total compensation expense recognized in connection with the ESOP was $229, $224 and $197 for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
 
17.   STOCK COMPENSATION PLANS
 
The Company’s 2006 Stock Incentive Plan, approved by shareholders on May 11, 2006, permits the granting of incentive and non-qualified stock options and restricted stock to employees and directors. The shares of common stock underlying any awards that are forfeited, cancelled or reacquired by Benjamin Franklin Bancorp or otherwise terminated (other than by exercise), shares that are tendered or withheld in payment of the exercise price of any award, and shares that are tendered for tax withholding obligations will be added back to the shares of common stock with respect to which new awards may be granted under the plan. The plan provides for total awards of 597,741 options and 239,096 shares of restricted stock. As of December 31, 2007, 55,975 options and 16,593 shares of restricted stock remain available for future awards under the plan.


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, there were 18,034 and 218,335 restricted stock awards granted to employees and directors, which vest based on service over a period ranging from immediate to five years. The following table summarizes the Company’s restricted stock activity for the year ended December 31, 2007:
 
                 
          Weighted
 
          Average
 
    Number of
    Grant Date
 
    Shares     Fair Value  
 
Restricted stock at beginning of year
    218,335     $ 13.95  
Granted
    18,034       12.49  
Vested
    (48,260 )     13.88  
Forfeited
    (13,866 )     13.95  
                 
Restricted stock at end of year
    174,243     $ 13.82  
                 
 
The fair value of restricted shares that vested during the year ended December 31, 2007 was $670. No restricted shares vested during 2006.
 
Under the plan, the exercise price of each option equals the market price of the Company’s stock on the date of grant and the maximum term of each option is seven years. Vesting periods range from immediate to five years from the date of grant.
 
The fair value of each stock option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:
 
                 
    2007     2006  
 
Fair value
  $ 2.26     $ 3.86  
Risk-free interest rate
    3.41 %     4.49 %
Expected dividend yield
    1.90 %     0.85 %
Expected volatility
    18.71 %     14.66 %
Expected term
    5 years       7 years  
 
The expected volatility is based on historical volatility. The risk-free interest rates for periods within the contractual life of the awards are based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. For the 2007 awards, expected term was determined using an average of the vesting term and the stated term of the options. For the 2006 awards, expected term is equal to the stated term of the option awards. The dividend yield assumption is based on the Company’s history and expectation of dividend payouts.


F-33


Table of Contents

 
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
A summary of options under the plan as of December 31, 2007, and changes during the year then ended, is presented below:
 
                                 
                Weighted
       
                Average
       
          Weighted
    Remaining
       
          Average
    Contractual
    Aggregate
 
          Exercise
    Term
    Intrinsic
 
    Shares     Price     (In Years)     Value  
 
Outstanding at beginning of year
    448,750     $ 13.95                  
Granted
    116,800       12.49                  
Exercised
                           
Forfeited
    (23,784 )     13.95                  
Expired
                           
                                 
Outstanding at end of year
    541,766     $ 13.64       5.9     $ 72  
                                 
Exercisable at end of year
    96,327     $ 13.89       5.6     $ 3  
                                 
 
The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 was $2.26 and $3.86, respectively.
 
For the year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company recognized compensation cost on stock options of $657 and $347, respectively. For restricted stock awards, the cost recognized amounted to $690 and $277, respectively. The tax benefit recognized on these costs was $495 and $226, respectively. The estimated amount and timing of future compensation cost (pre-tax) to be recognized for awards to date under the plan is as follows:
 
                                                 
    2008     2009     2010     2011     2012     Total  
 
Stock options
  $ 402     $ 249     $ 150     $ 84     $ 47     $ 932  
Restricted stock
    665       607       527       324       36       2,159  
                                                 
    $ 1,067     $ 856     $ 677     $ 408     $ 83     $ 3,091  
                                                 
 
18.   RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
 
In the ordinary course of business, the Bank grants loans to its officers and directors and their affiliates as follows:
 
                 
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006  
 
Beginning balance
  $ 3,136     $ 1,348  
Originations
    837       1,875  
Payments and change in status
    (290 )     (87 )
                 
Ending balance
  $ 3,683     $ 3,136  
                 
 
The Company leases two of its branch offices under noncancelable operating lease agreements from entities owned and managed by a Director of the Company and rent expense for these two branches for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 amounted to $271, $236 and $176, respectively. (See Note 7.)


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Table of Contents

 
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
19.   FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
 
The fair value of a financial instrument is the current amount that would be exchanged between willing parties, other than in a forced liquidation. Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices. However, in many instances, there are no quoted market prices for the Company’s various financial instruments. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument. Certain financial instruments and all nonfinancial instruments are excluded from disclosure requirements. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented may not necessarily represent the underlying fair value of the Company.
 
The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating fair value disclosures for financial instruments:
 
Cash and cash equivalents:  The carrying amounts of these instruments approximate fair values.
 
Securities:  Fair values for securities, excluding restricted equity securities, are based on quoted market prices. The carrying value of restricted equity securities approximates fair value based on the redemption provisions of the issuers.
 
Loans and loans held for sale:  For variable-rate loans that reprice frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values. Fair values for residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate and investment property mortgage loans, commercial and industrial loans and consumer loans are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality. Fair values for non-performing loans are estimated using the lower of underlying collateral values or cost. Fair value for loans held for sale are based on commitments on hand from investors or prevailing market prices.
 
Deposits:   The fair values disclosed for non-certificate accounts are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date which is the carrying amount. Fair values for fixed-rate certificates of deposit are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered on certificates to a schedule of aggregated expected monthly maturities on time deposits.
 
Short-term borrowings:   The carrying amounts of short-term borrowings approximate fair value.
 
Long-term debt:   Fair values of long-term debt are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on the Company’s current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements.
 
Accrued interest:   The carrying amount of accrued interest approximates fair value.
 
Off-balance-sheet instruments:   Fair values for off-balance-sheet lending commitments are based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the counterparties’ credit standing. The fair value of these instruments is not material.


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Table of Contents

 
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
The estimated fair values, and related carrying amounts, of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows:
 
                                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2006  
    Carrying
    Fair
    Carrying
    Fair
 
    Amount     Value     Amount     Value  
 
Financial assets:
                               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 64,591     $ 64,591     $ 72,595     $ 72,595  
Securities available for sale
    156,761       156,761       126,982       126,982  
Securities held to maturity
                31       31  
Restricted equity securities
    11,591       11,591       10,951       10,951  
Loans and loans held for sale
    606,946       606,915       639,769       629,054  
Accrued interest receivable
    3,648       3,648       3,480       3,480  
Financial liabilities:
                               
Deposits
    617,368       618,583       633,179       633,056  
Short-term borrowings
    2,500       2,510       10,000       10,000  
Long-term debt
    162,784       163,702       148,969       151,160  
Accrued interest payable
    721       721       815       815  
 
20.  CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF PARENT COMPANY
 
Financial information pertaining only to Benjamin Franklin Bancorp, Inc. is as follows:
 
BALANCE SHEETS
 
                 
    December 31,  
    2007     2006  
    (In thousands)  
 
Assets
               
Cash due from Benjamin Franklin Bank
  $ 1,882     $ 16,567  
Investment in common stock of Benjamin Franklin Bank
    100,070       95,779  
Loan to Benjamin Franklin Bank ESOP
    5,173       5,252  
Other assets
    652       909  
                 
Total assets
  $ 107,777     $ 118,507  
                 
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
               
Subordinated debt issued to trust subsidiary
  $     $ 9,000  
Other liabilities
    333       102  
                 
Total liabilities
    333       9,102  
Stockholders’ equity
    107,444       109,405  
                 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 107,777     $ 118,507  
                 


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Table of Contents

 
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
STATEMENTS OF INCOME
 
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005  
 
Income:
                       
Dividends from Benjamin Franklin Bank
  $ 633     $ 633     $ 633  
Interest on investments
    615       692       464  
                         
Total income
    1,248       1,325       1,097  
Contribution to Benjamin Franklin Bank Charitable Foundation
                4,000  
Other operating expenses
    768       642       642  
                         
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in undistributed net income of Benjamin Franklin Bank
    480       683       (3,545 )
Applicable income tax provision (benefit)
    (52 )     20       (1,420 )
                         
      532       663       (2,125 )
Equity in undistributed net income of Benjamin Franklin Bank
    3,110       4,077       2,556  
                         
Net income
  $ 3,642     $ 4,740     $ 431  
                         


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 
                         
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006     2005  
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
                       
Net income
  $ 3,642     $ 4,740     $ 431  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided (used) by operating activities:
                       
Equity in undistributed net income of Benjamin Franklin Bank
    (3,110 )     (4,077 )     (2,556 )
Contribution to Benjamin Franklin Bank Charitable Foundation
                4,000  
Decrease (increase) in other assets
    257       2,233       (2,192 )
Increase in other liabilities
    231       69        
Other, net
    1,248       517        
                         
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities
    2,268       3,482       (317 )
                         
Cash flows from investing activities:
                       
Investment in Benjamin Franklin Bank
                (30,120 )
Loan to ESOP
                (5,537 )
Repayment of ESOP loan
    79       74       212  
Other, net
                (41 )
                         
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities
    79       74       (35,486 )
                         
Cash flows from financing activities:
                       
Proceeds from issuance of common stock
                53,721  
Common stock repurchased
    (6,271 )     (3,373 )      
Repayment of subordinated debt
    (9,000 )            
Dividends paid on common stock
    (1,761 )     (1,048 )     (486 )
                         
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities
    (17,032 )     (4,421 )     53,235  
                         
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    (14,685 )     (865 )     17,432  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
    16,567       17,432        
                         
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
  $ 1,882     $ 16,567     $ 17,432  
                         


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BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Concluded)
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
NOTE 21.   QUARTERLY DATA (UNAUDITED)
 
                                                                 
    Years Ended December 31,  
    2007     2006  
    Fourth
    Third
    Second
    First
    Fourth
    Third
    Second
    First
 
    Quarter     Quarter     Quarter     Quarter     Quarter     Quarter     Quarter     Quarter  
    (In thousands, except per share data)  
 
Interest and dividend income
  $ 12,201     $ 12,081     $ 12,052     $ 11,839     $ 11,602     $ 11,395     $ 10,822     $ 10,440  
Interest expense
    6,160       6,315       6,000       6,013       6,016       5,410       4,908       4,529  
                                                                 
Net interest income
    6,041       5,766       6,052       5,826       5,586       5,985       5,914       5,911  
Provision for loan losses
    165       57       229       183       (169 )     248       146       (24 )
                                                                 
Net interest income, after provision for loan losses
    5,876       5,709       5,823       5,643       5,755       5,737       5,768       5,935  
Non-interest income
    1,965       2,079       1,794       1,972       (1,202 )(1)     1,738       1,577       1,411  
Non-interest expenses
    6,226       6,250       6,425       6,786       5,939       5,675       5,361       5,362  
                                                                 
Income (loss) before income taxes
    1,615       1,538       1,192       829       (1,386 )     1,800       1,984       1,984  
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
    465       467       362       238       (2,430 )     632       724       716  
                                                                 
Net income
  $ 1,150     $ 1,071     $ 830     $ 591     $ 1,044     $ 1,168     $ 1,260     $ 1,268  
                                                                 
Earnings per common share:
                                                               
Basic
  $ 0.15     $ 0.14     $ 0.11     $ 0.08     $ 0.13     $ 0.15     $ 0.16     $ 0.16  
                                                                 
Diluted
  $ 0.15     $ 0.14     $ 0.11     $ 0.07     $ 0.13     $ 0.15     $ 0.16     $ 0.16  
                                                                 
 
 
(1) Includes $2,361 loss on loans held for sale


F-39