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Stock Incentive Plans
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
Stock Incentive Plans
Stock Incentive Plans

We are authorized to issue up to 6,082,664 shares of our common stock under our 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2016 Plan"), of which we have issued or committed to issue 385,033 shares as of March 31, 2017. In addition to these shares, additional shares of common stock could be issued in connection with the performance stock unit awards as further described below. The 2016 Plan replaced the 2004 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, as amended (the "2004 Plan"). We no longer make share grants and issuances under the 2004 Plan, although awards previously made under the 2004 Plan that are outstanding will remain in effect in accordance with the terms of that plan and the applicable award agreements.

Restricted Stock Awards

Restricted stock awards issued to our officers and employees generally vest over a three-year period from the date of the grant based on continued employment. We measure compensation expense for the restricted stock awards based upon the fair market value of our common stock at the date of grant. Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period and is included in corporate expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. A summary of our restricted stock awards from January 1, 2017 to March 31, 2017 is as follows:
 
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted-
Average Grant
Date Fair
Value
Unvested balance at January 1, 2017
567,540

 
$
10.62

Granted
317,186

 
11.20

Vested
(244,411
)
 
11.29

Forfeited
(8,377
)
 
10.74

Unvested balance at March 31, 2017
631,938

 
$
10.65



The remaining share awards are expected to vest as follows: 288,307 shares during 2018, 228,169 shares during 2019, and 115,462 during 2020. As of March 31, 2017, the unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock awards was $6.5 million and the weighted-average period over which the unrecognized compensation expense will be recorded is approximately 28 months. We recorded $0.7 million and $0.8 million, respectively, of compensation expense related to restricted stock awards for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

Performance Stock Units

Performance stock units (“PSUs”) are restricted stock units that vest three years from the date of grant. Each executive officer is granted a target number of PSUs (the “PSU Target Award”). For the PSUs issued in 2014 and 2015 and vesting in 2017 and 2018, respectively, the actual number of shares of common stock issued to each executive officer is subject to the achievement of certain levels of total stockholder return relative to the total stockholder return of a peer group of publicly traded lodging REITs over a three-year performance period. There will be no payout of shares of our common stock if our total stockholder return falls below the 30th percentile of the total stockholder returns of the peer group. The maximum number of shares of common stock issued to an executive officer is equal to 150% of the PSU Target Award and is earned if our total stockholder return is equal to or greater than the 75th percentile of the total stockholder returns of the peer group. For the PSUs issued in 2016 and vesting in 2019, the calculation of total stockholder return relative to the total stockholder return of a peer group over a three-year performance period remained in effect for 75% of the number of PSUs to be earned in the performance period. The remaining 25% is determined based on achieving improvement in market share for each of our hotels over the three-year performance period. For the PSUs issued in 2017 and vesting in 2020, the calculation of total stockholder return relative to the total stockholder return of a peer group over a three-year performance period applies to 50% of the number of PSUs to be earned in the performance period. The remaining 50% is determined based on achieving improvement in market share for each of our hotels over the three-year performance period.

We measure compensation expense for the PSUs based upon the fair market value of the award at the grant date. Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the three-year performance period and is included in corporate expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. The grant date fair value of the portion of the PSUs based on our relative total stockholder return is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation performed by a third-party valuation firm. The grant date fair value of the portion of the PSUs based on improvement in market share for each of our hotels is the closing price of our common stock on the grant date.

On February 27, 2017, our board of directors granted 266,009 PSUs to our executive officers. The grant date fair value of the portion of the PSUs based on our relative total stockholder return was $10.89 using the assumptions of volatility of 26.7% and a risk-free rate of 1.46%. The grant date fair value of the portion of the PSUs based on hotel market share was $11.20, the closing stock price of our common stock on such date.

A summary of our PSUs from January 1, 2017 to March 31, 2017 is as follows:
 
Number of
Target Units
 
Weighted-
Average Grant
Date Fair
Value
Unvested balance at January 1, 2017
686,684

 
$
10.65

Granted
266,009

 
11.04

Additional units from dividends
7,610

 
11.28

Vested (1)
(200,374
)
 
12.15

Unvested balance at March 31, 2017
759,929

 
$
10.39


______________________
(1)
There was no payout of shares of our common stock for PSUs that vested on February 27, 2017, as our total stockholder return fell below the 30th percentile of the total stockholder returns of the peer group over the three-year performance period.

The remaining target units are expected to vest as follows: 209,069 units during 2018, 284,851 units during 2019 and 266,009 units during 2020. The number of shares earned upon vesting is subject to the attainment of the performance goals described above. As of March 31, 2017, the unrecognized compensation cost related to the PSUs was $5.0 million and is expected to be recognized on a straight-line basis over a weighted average period of 28 months. We recorded $0.6 million of compensation expense related to the PSUs for each of the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.