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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2013
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
Our effective income tax rate was 30.1% and 33.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 and 32.8% and 29.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 is lower than the comparable prior year period primarily due to the inclusion of U.S. research and development (R&D) tax credits in 2013 which were not available in 2012. On January 2, 2013, President Obama signed into law the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 that retroactively renewed the research and development tax credit for 2012 and extended the credit through December 31, 2013. As tax law changes are recognized in the period in which new legislation is enacted, the 2012 R&D credit of $145 was recorded in the first quarter of 2013. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2013 is higher than the comparable prior year period primarily due to discrete tax adjustments, including settlement of non-US audits, during the three months ended September 30, 2012 partially offset by research and development tax credits in 2013, which were not available in 2012.
Federal income tax audits have been settled for all years prior to 2007. The years 2009-2010 are currently being examined by the IRS, and we have filed appeals with the IRS for tax years 2007-2008. We are also subject to examination in major state and international jurisdictions for the 2001-2012 tax years. We believe appropriate provisions for all outstanding tax issues have been made for all jurisdictions and all open years.
Audit outcomes and the timing of audit settlements are subject to significant uncertainty. It is reasonably possible that within the next 12 months we will resolve the matters presently under consideration for the 2007-2010 tax years with the IRS. Depending on the timing and outcome of the audit settlements, unrecognized tax benefits that affect the effective tax rate could increase earnings by up to $420 based on current estimates.
On September 5, 2013, the IRS issued proposed regulations that amend the definition of research and experimental (R&E) expenditures. The regulations are generally taxpayer favorable and provide clarity for the categories of expense that can be considered when computing the research credit. Upon issuance of the regulations we commenced an analysis to determine the impact to the Company’s financial statements. Such analysis is expected to be completed in the fourth quarter of 2013, as effort to apply the regulations to the Company’s R&E expenditures will be extensive. Upon completion of the analysis, we expect to record certain previously unrecognized tax benefits related to research tax credits including portions of the $420 of unrecognized tax benefits related to the 2007-2010 audit settlements described above.