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Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024
OR
☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                      to                     
Commission file number 001-34365
COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
41-1990662
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
7800 Walton Parkway
New Albany, Ohio
(Address of principal executive offices)
43054
(Zip Code)
(614) 289-5360
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Not Applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per shareCVGIThe NASDAQ Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer☐Accelerated filer☒
Non-accelerated filer☐Smaller reporting company☐
Emerging growth company☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes  ☐  No  ☒
The number of shares outstanding of the Registrant’s common stock, par value $.01 per share, at November 4, 2024 was 34,498,579 shares.

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
 
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
PART II OTHER INFORMATION

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1 – FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
 
 Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2024202320242023
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Revenues$171,772 $202,897 $560,063 $641,747 
Cost of revenues155,351 173,588 500,019 545,033 
Gross profit16,421 29,309 60,044 96,714 
Selling, general and administrative expenses17,481 20,389 55,531 60,910 
Operating (loss) income(1,060)8,920 4,513 35,804 
Other (income) expense(1,033)383 (615)488 
Interest expense2,371 2,489 6,974 7,910 
 Income (loss) before provision for income taxes(2,398)6,048 (1,846)27,406 
Provision (benefit) for income taxes(1,515)1,367 (1,110)6,345 
Net income (loss) from continuing operations$(883)$4,681 $(736)$21,061 
Net income from discontinued operations - Note 1810,397 2,609 11,588 5,069 
Net income9,514 7,290 10,852 26,130 
Earnings (loss) per Common Share:
Basic earnings (loss) per share
Income (loss) from continuing operations$(0.03)$0.14 $(0.02)$0.64 
Income from discontinued operations$0.31 $0.08 $0.35 $0.15 
Diluted earning (loss) per share
Income (loss) from continuing operations$(0.03)$0.14 $(0.02)$0.63 
Income from discontinued operations$0.31 $0.08 $0.35 $0.15 
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic33,458 33,100 33,392 33,010 
Diluted33,458 33,350 33,392 33,408 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
 
 Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2024202320242023
 (Unaudited)
(In thousands)
Net income$9,514 $7,290 $10,852 $26,130 
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency exchange translation adjustments2,699 (3,452)(1,157)(1,946)
Minimum pension liability, net of tax176 (899)(682)(906)
Derivative instruments, net of tax(3,658)(869)(5,601)1,772 
Other comprehensive loss(783)(5,220)(7,440)(1,080)
Comprehensive income$8,731 $2,070 $3,412 $25,050 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
(Unaudited)
 
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash$30,885 $37,848 
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $348 and $208, respectively
127,247 129,346 
Inventories130,917 117,267 
Current assets held for sale4,951 15,603 
Note receivable - Note 1820,000 — 
Other current assets32,263 27,678 
Total current assets346,263 327,742 
Property, plant and equipment, net69,619 68,923 
Intangible assets, net4,133 6,594 
Deferred income taxes39,328 33,568 
Noncurrent assets held for sale— 11,130 
Other assets, net35,998 35,257 
Total assets$495,341 $483,214 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable$93,008 $75,246 
Accrued liabilities and other49,910 51,354 
Current portion of long-term debt and short-term debt2,969 15,313 
Current liabilities held-for-sale4,251 3,276 
Total current liabilities150,138 145,189 
Long-term debt125,790 126,201 
Pension and other post-retirement benefits10,195 9,196 
Noncurrent liabilities held-for-sale— 870 
Other long-term liabilities29,953 28,826 
Total liabilities316,076 310,282 
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value (5,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding)
$— $— 
Common stock, $0.01 par value (60,000,000 shares authorized; 33,494,483 and 33,322,535 shares issued and outstanding respectively)
335 333 
Treasury stock, at cost: 2,147,923 and 2,134,604 shares, respectively
(16,209)(16,150)
Additional paid-in capital268,195 265,217 
Retained deficit(35,332)(46,184)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(37,724)(30,284)
Total stockholders’ equity179,265 172,932 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY$495,341 $483,214 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
 20242023
(Unaudited)
 (In thousands)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss)$10,852 $26,130 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash flows from operating activities from continuing operations:
Depreciation and amortization13,639 13,159 
Noncash amortization of debt financing costs240 227 
Pension cash reversion— 2,942 
Share-based compensation expense2,978 2,270 
Deferred income taxes(3,810)24 
Non-cash loss (income) on derivative contracts(716)(695)
Gain on sale of assets(3,544)— 
Loss on write-down of Industrial automation segment assets8,204 — 
Gain on sale of cab structures business(28,597)— 
Change in other operating items:
Accounts receivable1,890 (8,069)
Inventories(13,334)13,510 
Prepaid expenses512 (2,312)
Accounts payable17,628 (15,073)
Other operating activities, net(12,777)(2,123)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities(6,835)29,990 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment(14,547)(15,196)
Proceeds from disposal/sale of property, plant and equipment4,455 — 
Proceeds from sale of business22,960 — 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities12,868 (15,196)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Repayment of term loan facility(26,563)(7,656)
Borrowings under revolving credit facility38,500 25,000 
Repayment of revolving credit facility(24,500)(20,000)
Surrender of shares to pay withholding taxes(59)(808)
Debt issuance and amendment costs(217)— 
Other financing activities(88)3,995 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities(12,927)531 
EFFECT OF CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH(69)(857)
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH(6,963)14,468 
CASH:
Beginning of period37,848 31,825 
End of period$30,885 $46,293 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 Common StockTreasury
Stock		Additional Paid In CapitalRetained DeficitAccumulated 
Other Comp. Loss		Total CVG Stockholders’ 
Equity
 SharesAmount
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
Balance - December 31, 202232,826,852 $328 $(14,514)$261,371 $(95,595)$(31,550)$120,040 
Share-based compensation expense164,616 2 (764)1,771 — — 1,009 
Net income from continuing operations for the period— — — — 7,146 — 7,146 
Net income from discontinued operation for the period— — — — 1,554 — 1,554 
Other comprehensive income— — — — — 4,040 4,040 
Balance - March 31, 202332,991,468 $330 $(15,278)$263,142 $(86,895)$(27,510)$133,789 
Share-based compensation expense101,524 — (24)(245)— — (269)
Net income from continuing operations for the period— — — — 9,234 — 9,234 
Net income from discontinued operation for the period— — — — 906 — 906 
Other comprehensive income— — — — — 100 100 
Balance - June 30, 202333,092,992 $330 $(15,302)$262,897 $(76,755)$(27,410)$143,760 
Share-based compensation expense15,997 — (20)744 — — 724 
Net income from continuing operations for the period— — — — 4,681 — 4,681 
Net income from discontinued operation for the period— — — — 2,609 — 2,609 
Other comprehensive loss— — — — — (5,220)(5,220)
Balance - September 30, 202333,108,989 $330 $(15,322)$263,641 $(69,465)$(32,630)$146,554 
Balance - December 31, 202333,322,535 $333 $(16,150)$265,217 $(46,184)$(30,284)$172,932 
Share-based compensation expense3,438 — (2)664 — — 662 
Net income from continuing operations for the period— — — — 1,446 — 1,446 
Net income from discontinued operation for the period— — — — 1,493 — 1,493 
Other comprehensive loss— — — — — (994)(994)
Balance - March 31, 202433,325,973 $333 $(16,152)$265,881 $(43,245)$(31,278)$175,539 
Share-based compensation expense117,991 1 (18)1,349 — — 1,332 
Net loss from continuing operations for the period— — — — (1,299)— (1,299)
Net loss from discontinued operation for the period— — — — (302)— (302)
Other comprehensive loss— — — — — (5,663)(5,663)
Balance - June 30, 202433,443,964 $334 $(16,170)$267,230 $(44,846)$(36,941)$169,607 
Share-based compensation expense50,519 1 (39)965 — — 927 
Net loss from continuing operations for the period— — — — (883)— (883)
Net income from discontinued operation for the period— — — — 10,397 — 10,397 
Other comprehensive loss— — — — — (783)(783)
Balance - September 30, 202433,494,483 $335 $(16,209)$268,195 $(35,332)$(37,724)$179,265 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
(Amounts in thousands, except for share and per share amounts and where specifically disclosed)
1. Description of Business and Basis of Presentation
Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries, is a global provider of systems, assemblies and components to the global commercial vehicle market and the electric vehicle market. References herein to the "Company", "CVG", "we", "our", or "us" refer to Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

We have manufacturing operations in the United States, Mexico, China, United Kingdom, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Thailand, India, Australia and Morocco. Our products are primarily sold in North America, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific region.

We primarily manufacture customized products to meet the requirements of our customers. We believe our products are used by a majority of the North American Commercial Truck manufacturers, many construction vehicle original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs"), parts and service dealers, and distributors.

The unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") in the United States of America and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. Except as disclosed within these condensed notes to unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements, the adjustments made were of a normal, recurring nature. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in our annual consolidated financial statements have been condensed or omitted. Additionally, certain prior period amounts related to discontinued operations have been reclassified to conform to footnote presentation for the current year, as further described in this section.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2024, the Company entered into a purchase agreement to sell its cab structures business with operations in Kings Mountain, North Carolina and met the held for sale criteria with respect to its Industrial Automation segment given the Company's intent to sell its First Source Electronics (FSE) business with operations in Elkridge, Maryland. These divestitures represent a strategic shift in CVG's business and, in accordance with U.S. GAAP, qualified as discontinued operations. As a result, the operating results related to the cab structures business and Industrial Automation segment have been reflected as discontinued operations in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The assets and liabilities that are to be sold have met the requirements to be classified within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets under a held for sale designation. See Note 18, Discontinued Operations, for additional information on the divestitures.

As a result of classifying the Industrial Automation reporting segment as a discontinued operation, CVG is now comprised of three reportable segments: Vehicle Solutions, Electrical Systems and Aftermarket & Accessories. The financial information reported for Vehicle Solutions and Aftermarket & Accessories excludes the activity from the Kings Mountain, North Carolina facility as a result of the divestiture.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP in the United States requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates and assumptions are based on management's best estimates and judgment. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment, which management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. We adjust such estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ significantly from these estimates. Changes in these estimates resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment will be reflected in the consolidated financial statements in future periods.

These condensed notes to unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (the "2023 Form 10-K"), which includes a complete set of footnote disclosures, including the Company's significant accounting policies.

2. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2023-07, Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (Topic 280). This ASU updates reportable segment disclosure requirements by requiring
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disclosures of significant reportable segment expenses that are regularly provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) and included within each reported measure of a segment's profit or loss. This ASU also requires disclosure of the title and position of the individual identified as the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measures of a segment’s profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Adoption of the ASU should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. Early adoption is also permitted. This ASU will likely result in us including the additional required disclosures when adopted. We are currently evaluating the provisions of this ASU and expect to adopt them for the year ending December 31, 2024.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (Topic 740). The ASU requires disaggregated information about a reporting entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation as well as additional information on income taxes paid. The ASU is effective on a prospective basis for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is also permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. This ASU will result in the required additional disclosures being included in our consolidated financial statements, once adopted.

3. Revenue Recognition

We had outstanding customer accounts receivable, net of allowances, of $127.2 million as of September 30, 2024 and $129.3 million as of December 31, 2023. We generally do not have material other assets or liabilities associated with customer arrangements.

Revenue Disaggregation - The following is the composition, by product category, of our revenues:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Vehicle SolutionsElectrical SystemsAftermarket and AccessoriesTotal
Seats$59,392 $— $16,313 $75,705 
Electrical wire harnesses, panels and assemblies939 43,380 3,333 47,652 
Plastic & Trim components36,350 — 833 37,183 
Mirrors, wipers and controls615 — 10,617 11,232 
Total$97,296 $43,380 $31,096 $171,772 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Vehicle SolutionsElectrical SystemsAftermarket and AccessoriesTotal
Seats$66,862 $— $17,703 $84,565 
Electrical wire harnesses, panels and assemblies657 53,862 3,273 57,792 
Plastic & Trim components46,255 — 1,845 48,100 
Mirrors, wipers and controls1,461 — 10,979 12,440 
Total$115,235 $53,862 $33,800 $202,897 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Vehicle SolutionsElectrical SystemsAftermarket and AccessoriesTotal
Seats$189,085 $— $48,593 $237,678 
Electrical wire harnesses, panels and assemblies2,168 149,327 9,751 161,246 
Plastic & Trim components118,358 — 4,808 123,166 
Mirrors, wipers and controls3,174 — 34,799 37,973 
Total$312,785 $149,327 $97,951 $560,063 

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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Vehicle SolutionsElectrical SystemsAftermarket and AccessoriesTotal
Seats$213,138 $— $55,579 $268,717 
Electrical wire harnesses, panels and assemblies2,255 172,236 11,042 185,533 
Plastic & Trim components141,206 — 6,191 147,397 
Mirrors, wipers and controls6,221 — 33,879 40,100 
Total$362,820 $172,236 $106,691 $641,747 

4. Debt
Debt consisted of the following:
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Term loan facility$115,000 $141,563 
Revolving credit facility14,000 — 
Unamortized issuance costs(241)(49)
$128,759 $141,514 
Less: current portion of long-term debt
(2,969)(15,313)
Total long-term debt, net of current portion$125,790 $126,201 
Credit Agreement
On April 30, 2021, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) between, among others, Bank of America, N.A. as administrative agent (the “Administrative Agent”) and other lenders party thereto (the “Lenders”) pursuant to which the Lenders made available a $150 million Term Loan Facility (the “Term Loan Facility”) and a $125 million Revolving Credit Facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility” and together with the Term Loan Facility, the “Credit Facilities”). The Credit Facilities mature on May 12, 2027.

On May 12, 2022, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a second amendment (the “Amendment”) to its Credit Agreement pursuant to which the Lenders upsized the existing term loan facility to $175 million in aggregate principal amount and increased the revolving credit facility commitments by $25 million to an aggregate of $150 million in revolving credit facility commitments.

On July 30, 2024, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries, as guarantors, entered into an Amendment No. 3, which amends the Credit Agreement. Amendment No.3 amends the terms of the existing Credit Agreement to limit the mandatory prepayment requirements for certain specified asset dispositions of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries. The Company repaid $20.0 million in accordance with Amendment No.3 during the three months ended September 30, 2024.

At September 30, 2024, we had $14.0 million of borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, outstanding letters of credit of $1.1 million and availability of $134.9 million. Combined with availability under our China Credit Facility (described below) of approximately $11.4 million, total consolidated availability was $146.3 million at September 30, 2024. The unamortized deferred financing fees associated with the Revolving Credit Facility of $0.8 million and $1.0 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, are being amortized over the remaining life of the Credit Agreement. At December 31, 2023, we had no borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility and we had outstanding letters of credit of $1.2 million.
Covenants and other terms
The Credit Agreement includes (a) a minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.20:1.0, and (b) a maximum consolidated total leverage ratio of 3.00:1.0.

We were in compliance with these covenants as of September 30, 2024.
Repayment and prepayment
The Credit Agreement requires the Company to make quarterly amortization payments to the Term Loan Facility at an annualized rate of the loans under the Term Loan Facility for every year as follows: 5.0%, 7.5%, 10.0%, 12.5% and 15.0%. The Credit Agreement also requires all outstanding amounts under the Credit Facilities to be repaid in full on the Maturity Date.
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Amendment No. 3 amended the terms of the existing Credit Agreement and allowed mandatory prepayment requirements for certain specified asset dispositions of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries to be applied to quarterly amortization payments. The Company repaid $20 million in accordance with Amendment No.3 during the three months ended September 30, 2024 which will be applied to future amortization payments beginning with the September 30, 2024 payment. See Note 15, Commitments and Contingencies, for the future minimum principal payments due on long-term debt for the next five years.

Foreign Facility
During the quarter ended March 31, 2023, we established a credit facility in China consisting of a line of credit which is subject to annual renewal (the "China Credit Facility"). The China Credit Facility was renewed during the quarter ended December 31, 2023, with availability of approximately $11.3 million (denominated in the local currency). We utilize the China Credit Facility to meet local working capital demands, fund letters of credit and bank guarantees, and support other short-term cash requirements of our China operations. We had no outstanding borrowings under the China Credit Facility as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. At September 30, 2024, we had $11.4 million (denominated in the local currency and this amount varies based on the currency conversion rate) of availability under the China Credit Facility.

Cash Paid for Interest
For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, cash payments for interest were $9.0 million and $9.5 million, respectively.

5. Intangible Assets
Our definite-lived intangible assets were comprised of the following: 
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Weighted-
Average
Amortization
Period		Gross
Carrying
Amount		Accumulated
Amortization		Net
Carrying
Amount		Gross
Carrying
Amount		Accumulated
Amortization		Net
Carrying
Amount
Trademarks/tradenames30 years$8,277 $(5,241)$3,036 $8,265 $(5,070)$3,195 
Customer relationships15 years5,339 (4,242)1,097 12,972 (9,573)3,399 
$13,616 $(9,483)$4,133 $21,237 $(14,643)$6,594 
    
The aggregate intangible asset amortization expense was $0.1 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The aggregate intangible asset amortization expense was $0.5 million and $0.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 respectively.


6. Fair Value Measurement

Fair value is the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is estimated by applying the following hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels, and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement:
Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.
Level 2 - Observable inputs other than those included in Level 1. For example, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets.
Level 3 - Significant unobservable inputs reflecting management’s own assumptions about the inputs used in pricing the asset or liability.

Our financial instruments consist of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, pension assets and liabilities. The carrying value of these instruments approximates fair value as a result of the short duration of such instruments or due to the variability of the interest cost associated with such instruments.
Recurring Measurements
Foreign Currency Forward Exchange Contracts. Our derivative assets and liabilities represent foreign exchange contracts that are measured at fair value using observable market inputs such as forward rates, interest rates, our own credit risk and
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counterparty credit risk. Based on the utilization of these inputs, the derivative assets and liabilities are classified as Level 2. To manage our risk for transactions denominated in Mexican Pesos and Czech Crown, we have entered into forward exchange contracts that are designated as cash flow hedge instruments, which are recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value. The gains and losses as a result of the changes in fair value of the hedge contract for transactions denominated in Mexican Pesos are deferred in accumulated other comprehensive loss and recognized in cost of revenues in the period the related hedge transactions are settled. As of September 30, 2024, hedge contracts for transactions denominated in Czech Crown were not designated as a hedging instruments; therefore, they are marked-to-market and the fair value of agreements is recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets with the offsetting gains and losses recognized in other (income) expense and recognized in cost of revenues in the period the related hedge transactions are settled in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Interest Rate Swaps. To manage our exposure to variable interest rates, we have entered into interest rate swaps to exchange, at a specified interval, the difference between fixed and variable interest amounts calculated by reference to an agreed upon notional principal amount. The interest rate swaps are intended to mitigate the impact of rising interest rates on the Company and covers approximately 50% of outstanding debt under the Term Loan Facility. Any changes in fair value are included in earnings or deferred through Accumulated other comprehensive loss, depending on the nature and effectiveness of the offset. Any ineffectiveness in a cash flow hedging relationship is recognized immediately in earnings in the consolidated statements of operations.
The fair values of our derivative assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis are categorized as follows: 
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Assets:
Foreign exchange contract designated as hedging instruments$216 $— $216 $— $1,318 $— $1,318 $— 
Interest rate swap agreement$208 $— $208 $— $1,073 $— $1,073 $— 
Liabilities:
Foreign exchange contract designated as hedging instruments$4,773 $— $4,773 $— $— $— $— $— 
Foreign exchange contract not designated as hedging instruments$182 $— $182 $— $304 $— $304 $— 

The following table summarizes the notional amount of our open foreign exchange contracts:
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
U.S. $
Equivalent		U.S. $
Equivalent
Fair Value		U.S. $
Equivalent		U.S. $
Equivalent
Fair Value
Commitments to buy or sell currencies - Foreign exchange contract designated as hedging instruments$75,533 $77,084 $56,741 $58,094 
Commitments to buy or sell currencies - Foreign exchange contract not designated as hedging instruments$9,702 $9,660 $16,608 $16,806 
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The following table summarizes the fair value and presentation of derivatives in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets: 
 Derivative Asset
Balance Sheet
Location		Fair Value
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Foreign exchange contract designated as hedging instrumentsOther current assets$161 $1,179 
Foreign exchange contract designated as hedging instrumentsOther assets, net$55 $139 
Interest rate swap agreementOther assets, net$208 $1,073 
 Derivative Liability
Balance Sheet
Location		Fair Value
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Foreign exchange contract designated as hedging instrumentsAccrued liabilities and other$4,488 $— 
Foreign exchange contract designated as hedging instrumentsOther long-term liabilities$285 $— 
Foreign exchange contracts not designated as hedging instrumentsAccrued liabilities and other$182 $304 
 Derivative Equity
Balance Sheet
Location		Fair Value
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Foreign exchange contracts designated as hedging instrumentsAccumulated other comprehensive income (loss)$(3,018)$1,354 
Interest rate swap agreementsAccumulated other comprehensive income$2,256 $3,484 

The following table summarizes the effect of derivative instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Location of Gain (Loss) on Derivatives
Recognized in Income (Loss)		Amount of Gain (Loss) on Derivatives
Recognized in Income (Loss)		Amount of Gain (Loss) on Derivatives
Recognized in Income (Loss)
Foreign exchange contracts designated as hedging instrumentsCost of revenues$(1,236)$1,973 $(634)$3,666 
Interest rate swap agreementInterest expense$408 $415 $1,227 $1,045 
Interest rate swap agreement settled in 2022Interest expense$189 $189 $566 $566 
Foreign exchange contracts not designated as hedging instrumentsOther (income) expense$52 $(183)$150 $129 
We consider the impact of our credit risk on the fair value of the contracts, as well as our ability to honor obligations under the contract.
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Other Fair Value Measurements

The fair value of long-term debt obligations is based on a fair value model utilizing observable inputs. Based on these inputs, our long-term debt fair value as disclosed is classified as Level 2. The carrying amounts and fair values of our long-term debt obligations are as follows:
 September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
 Carrying
Amount		Fair ValueCarrying
Amount		Fair Value
Term loan and security agreement 1
$114,759 $114,092 $141,514 $139,213 
Revolving credit facility$14,000 $14,000 $— $— 
1.Presented in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as the current portion of long-term debt of $3.0 million and long-term debt of $111.8 million as of September 30, 2024 and current portion of long-term debt of $15.3 million and long-term debt of $126.2 million as of December 31, 2023.

7. Leases
The components of lease expense are as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Operating lease cost
$2,620 $2,660 $7,585 $6,787 
Finance lease cost27 35 92 122 
Short-term lease cost
1,259 1,208 3,211 4,733 
Total lease expense$3,906 $3,903 $10,888 $11,642 

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows:
Balance Sheet LocationSeptember 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Operating Leases
Right-of-use assets, netOther assets, net$30,035 $29,208 
Current liabilitiesAccrued liabilities and other6,663 6,518 
Non-current liabilitiesOther long-term liabilities24,275 23,578 
     Total operating lease liabilities$30,938 $30,096 
Finance Leases
     Right-of-use assets, netOther assets, net$119 $205 
Current liabilitiesAccrued liabilities and other85 108 
Non-current liabilitiesOther long-term liabilities45 107 
     Total finance lease liabilities$130 $215 

Cash payments on operating leases were $7.3 million and $6.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 respectively.

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Anticipated future lease costs, which are based in part on certain assumptions to approximate annual rental commitments under non-cancelable leases, are as follows:
OperatingFinancingTotal
Remainder of 2024$2,491 $26 $2,517 
20259,804 77 9,881 
20268,448 30 8,478 
20275,388 7 5,395 
20283,867 — 3,867 
Thereafter17,969 — 17,969 
Total lease payments$47,967 $140 $48,107 
Less: Imputed interest(17,029)(10)(17,039)
Present value of lease liabilities$30,938 $130 $31,068 
8. Income Taxes
We recorded a $1.5 million tax benefit, or 63% effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2024, and $1.1 million tax benefit, or 60% effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to a $1.4 million tax provision for the three months ended September 30, 2023, and $6.3 million tax provision for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, or 23% effective tax rate for each period. Income tax expense is based on an estimated annual effective tax rate, which requires management to make its best estimate of annual pretax income or loss. During the year, management regularly updates forecasted annual pretax results for the various countries in which the Company operates based on changes in factors such as prices, shipments, product mix, material inflation and manufacturing operations. To the extent that actual 2024 pretax results for U.S. and foreign income or loss vary from estimates, the actual income tax expense recognized in 2024 could be different from the forecasted amount used to estimate the income tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, cash paid for taxes, net of refunds received, were $6.4 million and $9.2 million, respectively.
9. Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefit Plans
The components of net periodic (benefit) cost related to pension and other post-retirement benefit plans is as follows:
 Non-U.S. Pension Plan
Three Months Ended September 30,
 20242023
Interest cost$366 $359 
Expected return on plan assets(334)(310)
Amortization of prior service cost13 11 
Recognized actuarial loss211 192 
Net cost$256 $252 
 Non-U.S. Pension Plan
Nine months ended September 30,
 20242023
Interest cost$1,062 $1,064 
Expected return on plan assets(966)(912)
Amortization of prior service cost39 36 
Recognized actuarial loss610 569 
Net cost$745 $757 

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Net periodic cost components, not inclusive of service costs, are recognized in other (income) expense within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
10. Performance Awards
The following table summarizes performance awards granted in the form of cash awards under the equity incentive plans: 
Amount
Adjusted Award Value at December 31, 2023$1,901 
New grants3,028 
Forfeitures(88)
Adjustments(3,666)
Payments(324)
Adjusted Award Value at September 30, 2024$851 
Unrecognized compensation expense was $0.9 million and $2.8 million as of September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
11. Share-Based Compensation
The company's outstanding share-based compensation is comprised solely of restricted stock awards and performance stock awards to be settled in stock.
As of September 30, 2024, there was approximately $4.8 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements granted under our equity incentive plans. This expense is subject to future adjustments and forfeitures and will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the remaining period listed above for each grant.
A summary of the status of our restricted stock awards as of September 30, 2024 and changes during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, are presented below: 
 2024
 Shares
(in thousands)		Weighted-
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
Unvested - December 31, 2023591 $7.66 
Granted509 6.09 
Vested(185)8.43 
Forfeited(50)6.95 
Unvested - September 30, 2024
865 $6.61 
As of September 30, 2024, a total of 1.4 million shares were available for future grants from the shares authorized for award under our 2020 Equity Incentive Plan, including cumulative forfeitures.
12. Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock — Our authorized capital stock consists of 60,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.01 per share; of which, 33,494,483 and 33,322,535 shares were issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
Preferred Stock — Our authorized capital stock also consists of 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.01 per share, with no preferred shares outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Basic earnings (loss) per share is determined by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings (loss) per share presented is determined by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares and potential common shares outstanding during the period as determined by the treasury stock method. Potential common shares are included in the diluted earnings per share calculation when dilutive.
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Diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 includes the effect of potential common shares issuable when dilutive, and is as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Net income$9,514 $7,290 $10,852 $26,130 
Net income (loss) from continuing operations(883)4,681 (736)21,061 
Net income from discontinued operations10,397 2,609 11,588 5,069 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding (in '000s)33,458 33,100 33,392 33,010 
Dilutive effect of restricted stock grants after application of the Treasury Stock Method (in '000s)— 250 — 398 
Dilutive shares outstanding33,458 33,350 33,392 33,408 
Basic earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations$(0.03)$0.14 $(0.02)$0.64 
Basic earnings per share from discontinued operations$0.31 $0.08 $0.35 $0.15 
Diluted earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations$(0.03)$0.14 $(0.02)$0.63 
Diluted earnings per share from discontinued operations$0.31 $0.08 $0.35 $0.15 

There were 733 thousand outstanding restricted shares awarded that were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and no outstanding restricted shares awarded were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended September 30, 2023. There were 409 thousand outstanding restricted shares awarded that were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and no outstanding restricted shares awarded that were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.


13. Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The after-tax changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), are as follows: 
Foreign
currency translation adjustment		Pension and
post-retirement
benefits plans		Derivative instrumentsAccumulated other
comprehensive
income (loss)
Balance - December 31, 2023$(23,227)$(11,896)$4,839 $(30,284)
Net current period change(1,157)(1,006)(4,442)(6,605)
Amounts reclassified into earnings— 324 (1,159)(835)
Balance - September 30, 2024$(24,384)$(12,578)$(762)$(37,724)
 Foreign
currency translation adjustment		Pension and
post-retirement
benefit plans		Derivative instrumentsAccumulated other
comprehensive
income (loss)
Balance - December 31, 2022$(24,811)$(11,512)$4,773 $(31,550)
Net current period change(1,946)(1,221)7,049 3,882 
Amounts reclassified into earnings— 315 (5,277)(4,962)
Balance - September 30, 2023$(26,757)$(12,418)$6,545 $(32,630)

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The related tax effects allocated to each component of other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Before Tax
Amount		Tax ExpenseAfter Tax AmountBefore Tax
Amount		Tax ExpenseAfter Tax Amount
Net current period change
Cumulative translation adjustment$2,699 $— $2,699 $(1,157)$— $(1,157)
Net actuarial gain (loss) and prior service credit64 1 65 (1,009)3 (1,006)
Derivative instruments(5,807)1,510 (4,297)(5,939)1,497 (4,442)
Net unrealized gain (loss)$(3,044)$1,511 $(1,533)$(8,105)$1,500 $(6,605)
Amounts reclassified into earnings:
Actuarial gain and prior service cost$111 $— $111 $324 $— $324 
Derivative instruments867 (228)639 (1,503)344 (1,159)
Net realized gain (loss)$978 $(228)$750 $(1,179)$344 $(835)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)$(2,066)$1,283 $(783)$(9,284)$1,844 $(7,440)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Before Tax
Amount		Tax ExpenseAfter Tax 
Amount		Before Tax
Amount		Tax ExpenseAfter Tax 
Amount
Net current period change
Cumulative translation adjustment$(3,452)$— $(3,452)$(1,946)$— $(1,946)
Net actuarial gain (loss) and prior service credit(1,009)1 (1,008)(1,223)2 (1,221)
Derivative instruments1,895 (187)1,708 9,233 (2,184)7,049 
Net unrealized gain (loss)$(2,566)$(186)$(2,752)$6,064 $(2,182)$3,882 
Amounts reclassified into earnings:
Actuarial gain and prior service cost$109 $— $109 $315 $— $315 
Derivative instruments(3,381)804 (2,577)(7,033)1,756 (5,277)
Net realized gain (loss)$(3,272)$804 $(2,468)(6,718)1,756 (4,962)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)$(5,838)$618 $(5,220)$(654)$(426)$(1,080)

As of September 30, 2024, the Company estimates that net pre-tax derivative loss of $2.9 million included in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) will be reclassified into earnings within the next 12 months.

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14. Cost Reduction and Manufacturing Capacity Rationalization

The Company's restructuring program includes aligning cost structure to support margin expansion. The program includes workforce reductions and footprint optimization across segments.

The changes in accrued restructuring balances are as follows: 
Vehicle SolutionsElectrical SystemsAftermarket & AccessoriesCorporate/OtherTotal
December 31, 2023$128 $— $— $983 $1,111 
New charges489 1,090 34 164 1,777 
Payments and other adjustments(489)(1,090)(34)(540)(2,153)
March 31, 2024$128 $— $— $607 $735 
New charges2,199 1,379 197 — 3,775 
Payments and other adjustments(2,203)(1,379)(197)(97)(3,876)
June 30, 2024$124 $— $— $510 $634 
New charges2,188 1,276 753 — 4,217 
Payments and other adjustments(2,312)(1,276)(753)(81)(4,422)
September 30, 2024$— $— $— $429 $429 
Of the $4.2 million costs incurred in the three months ended September 30, 2024 for restructuring, $2.8 million related to headcount reductions and $1.4 million related to facility exit and other; $3.5 million were recorded in cost of revenue and $0.7 million were recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses.
Of the $9.8 million costs incurred in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 for restructuring, $7.7 million related to headcount reductions and $2.1 million related to facility exit and other; $8.6 million were recorded in cost of revenues and $1.2 million were recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses.
All of the $0.4 million costs incurred in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 for restructuring related to headcount reductions and primarily were recorded in cost of revenues within the Vehicle Solution segment.
There were no costs incurred in the three months ended September 30, 2023.
15. Commitments and Contingencies
Leases - As disclosed in Note 7, Leases, we lease office, warehouse and manufacturing space and equipment under non-cancelable operating lease agreements that generally require us to pay maintenance, insurance, taxes and other expenses in addition to annual rental fees. As of September 30, 2024, our equipment leases did not provide for any material guarantee of a specified portion of residual values.
Guarantees - Costs associated with guarantees are accrued when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The most likely cost to be incurred is accrued based on an evaluation of available facts; where no amount within a range of estimates is more likely, the minimum is accrued. As of September 30, 2024 and 2023, we had no such guarantees.
Litigation - We are subject to various legal proceedings and claims arising in the ordinary course of business, including but not limited to product liability claims, customer and supplier disputes, service provider disputes, examinations by taxing authorities, employment disputes, workers’ compensation claims, unfair labor practice charges, OSHA investigations, intellectual property disputes and environmental claims arising out of the conduct of our businesses.
Management believes that the Company maintains adequate insurance and that we have established reserves for issues that are probable and estimable in amounts that are adequate to cover reasonable adverse judgments not covered by insurance. Based upon the information available to management and discussions with legal counsel, it is the opinion of management that the ultimate outcome of the various legal actions and claims that are incidental to our business are not expected to have a material adverse impact on the consolidated financial position, results of operations, equity or cash flows; however, such matters are subject to many uncertainties and the outcomes of individual matters are not predictable with any degree of assurance.
Warranty - We are subject to warranty claims for products that fail to perform as expected due to design or manufacturing deficiencies. Depending on the terms under which we supply products to our customers, a customer may hold us responsible for
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some or all of the repair or replacement costs of defective products when the product supplied did not perform as represented. Our policy is to record provisions for estimated future customer warranty costs based on historical trends and for specific claims. These amounts, as they relate to the periods ended September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, are included within accrued liabilities and other in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
On July 24, 2023, one of our customers issued a voluntary safety recall related to certain wiper system components supplied by us. To the extent a loss occurs that is attributed to us, we believe that we have reasonable levels of insurance coverage to mitigate recall exposure risk. It is reasonably possible that we will incur additional losses and fees above the amount accrued for warranty claims but we cannot estimate a range of such reasonably possible losses or fees related to these claims at this time. There are no assurances, however, that settlements reached and/or adverse judgments received, if any, will not exceed amounts normally accrued.
The following presents a summary of the warranty provision for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:
Balance - December 31, 2023$1,458 
Provision for warranty claims 1
1,329 
Deduction for payments made and other adjustments(1,497)
Balance - September 30, 2024$1,290 
1.Provision for warranty claims includes $0.1 million of expense that is attributable to cab structures business and included in discontinued operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Debt Payments - As disclosed in Note 4, Debt, the Credit Agreement requires the Company to repay a fixed amount of principal on a quarterly basis and make voluntary prepayments that coincide with certain events.
The following table provides future minimum principal payments due on long-term debt for the next five years. The existing long-term debt agreement matures in 2027; no payments are due thereafter:
Total
Remainder of 2024$— 
2025$8,437 
2026$24,063 
2027$96,500 

16. Segment Reporting
Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise that are evaluated regularly by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), which is our President and Chief Executive Officer. Each of these segments consists of a number of manufacturing facilities. Certain of our facilities manufacture and sell products through multiple segments. Our segments are more specifically described below.
CVG's reportable segments were impacted in the current period due to the divestiture of the cab structure business with operations in Kings Mountain, North Carolina and the expected divestiture of the Industrial Automation segment. As a result of classifying the Industrial Automation reporting segment as a discontinued operation, CVG is now comprised of three reportable segments: Vehicle Solutions, Electrical Systems and Aftermarket & Accessories. The financial information reported for Vehicle Solutions and Aftermarket & Accessories excludes the activity from the Kings Mountain, North Carolina facility due to the divestiture.

The Vehicle Solutions segment designs, manufactures and sells the following products:
•Commercial vehicle seats for the global commercial vehicle markets including heavy duty trucks, medium duty trucks, last mile delivery trucks and vans, construction and agriculture equipment in North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific. This segment includes a portion of the company’s activities in the electric vehicle market.
•Plastic & Trim components primarily for the North America commercial vehicle market and power sports markets; and Cab structures for the North American medium-duty/heavy-duty ("MD/HD") truck market.

The Electrical Systems segment designs, manufactures and sells the following products:
•Cable and harness assemblies for both high and low voltage applications, control boxes, dashboard assemblies and design and engineering for these applications.
•The end markets for these products are construction, agricultural, industrial, automotive (both internal combustion and electric vehicles), truck, mining, rail, marine, power generation and the military/defense industries in North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific.
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The Aftermarket & Accessories segment designs, manufactures and sells the following products:
•Seats and components sold into the commercial vehicle channels that provide repair and refurbishing. These channels include Original Equipment Service ("OES") centers and retail distributors, and are spread across North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific.
•Commercial vehicle accessories including wipers, mirrors, and sensors. These products are sold both as Original Equipment and as repair products.
•Office seats primarily sold into the commercial and home office furniture distribution channels in Europe and Asia-Pacific.

Corporate expenses consist of certain overhead and shared costs that are not directly attributable to the operations of a segment. For purposes of business segment performance measurement, some of these costs that are for the benefit of the operations are allocated based on a combination of methodologies. The costs that are not allocated to a segment are considered stewardship costs and remain at corporate in our segment reporting.
The following tables present financial information for the Company's reportable segments for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Vehicle SolutionsElectrical SystemsAftermarket and AccessoriesCorporate/OtherTotal
Revenues$97,296 $43,380 $31,096 $— $171,772 
Gross profit8,774 2,213 5,474 (40)16,421 
Selling, general & administrative expenses 3,629 2,598 2,328 8,926 17,481 
Operating income (loss)$5,145 $(385)$3,146 $(8,966)$(1,060)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Vehicle SolutionsElectrical SystemsAftermarket and AccessoriesCorporate/OtherTotal
Revenues$115,235 $53,862 $33,800 $— $202,897 
Gross profit15,050 7,881 6,416 (38)29,309 
Selling, general & administrative expenses
6,761 2,018 2,104 9,506 20,389 
Operating income (loss)$8,289 $5,863 $4,312 $(9,544)$8,920 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Vehicle SolutionsElectrical SystemsAftermarket and AccessoriesCorporate/OtherTotal
Revenues$312,785 $149,327 $97,951 $— $560,063 
Gross profit32,177 9,934 18,091 (158)60,044 
Selling, general & administrative expenses 15,985 7,799 6,228 25,519 55,531 
Operating income (loss)$16,192 $2,135 $11,863 $(25,677)$4,513 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Vehicle SolutionsElectrical SystemsAftermarket and AccessoriesCorporate/OtherTotal
Revenues$362,820 $172,236 $106,691 $— $641,747 
Gross profit49,263 26,524 21,071 (144)96,714 
Selling, general & administrative expenses 19,609 6,932 6,017 28,352 60,910 
Operating income (loss)$29,654 $19,592 $15,054 $(28,496)$35,804 
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17. Other Financial Information
Items reported in inventories consisted of the following: 
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Raw materials$100,684 $88,474 
Work in process10,533 12,044 
Finished goods19,700 16,749 
Inventories$130,917 $117,267 

Items reported in property, plant, and equipment, net consisted of the following:
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Land and buildings$28,529 $28,575 
Machinery and equipment219,450 210,931 
Construction in progress5,705 6,295 
Property, plant, and equipment, gross253,684 245,801 
Less accumulated depreciation(184,065)(176,878)
Property, plant and equipment, net$69,619 $68,923 
Items reported in accrued expenses and other liabilities consisted of the following:
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Compensation and benefits$21,152 $23,604 
Operating lease liabilities6,663 6,518 
Derivative liabilities4,670 304 
Taxes payable4,688 5,020 
Accrued freight3,184 2,679 
Customer tooling projects2,565 1,217 
Accrued legal and professional fees1,361 1,535 
Warranty costs1,290 1,458 
Other4,337 9,019 
Accrued liabilities and other$49,910 $51,354 
18. Discontinued Operations

On July 31, 2024, the Company entered into a purchase agreement to sell its cab structures business with operations in Kings Mountain, North Carolina for approximately $40 million. On September 6, 2024, the Company entered into an Amendment to the Purchase Agreement whereby the transaction closed on September 6, 2024 with the Company receiving $20 million of the purchase price on September 6, 2024 and $20 million (subject to adjustment) on October 1, 2024. The decision to divest this business was part of our strategy to reduce our exposure to the cyclical Class 8 market, lower our customer concentration, remove complexity from our business, and improves our return profile. As a result of the transaction, CVG recorded an after-tax gain on the sale of the business of approximately $27.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and recorded a Note receivable of $20.0 million in its balance sheet as of September 30, 2024. The $20.0 million Note receivable was subsequently collected on October 1, 2024.

On October 30, 2024, the Company entered into a purchase agreement to sell its First Source Electronics (FSE) business with operations in Elkridge, Maryland for approximately $1.5 million, with a note in the amount of $500 thousand and earn out potential of an additional $1.5 million subject to certain criteria. The Elkridge facility is the primary manufacturing facility of the Company's Industrial Automation segment. The decision to divest this business was part of our strategy to continually evaluate our portfolio of businesses and product lines for strategic fit and continued investment. As of September 30, 2024, the assets and liabilities of the Industrial Automation segment are classified as held for sale on the balance sheets, net of the
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estimated write-down loss as of September 30, 2024. CVG recorded an estimated after-tax loss on the contemplated sale of the Industrial Automation business of approximately $7.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024.

We determined that the sale of the cab structures and Industrial Automation businesses represent discontinued operations as they constitute disposals of a product line and an operating segment, respectively, meet the held for sale criteria, and are a strategic shift that will have a major effect on our operations and financial results (individually and collectively). As a result, we reclassified the related earnings (loss) from continuing operations to earnings (loss) from discontinued operations - net of income taxes on the consolidated statement of earnings (loss) for all the periods presented. No amounts for shared general and administrative operating support expense were allocated to the discontinued operation.

The Company has continuing involvement with the cab structures business through a transition services agreement (TSA), pursuant to which the Company and Buyer parties provide certain service to each other for a period of time following the disposition, up to one year. While the transition services are expected to vary in duration depending upon the type of service provided, the Company expects to reduce costs as the transition services are completed. The Company collected a total of $2.0 million related to the transition services agreement for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, which was recognized in Continuing operations, Other (income) expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The following table provides a reconciliation of the individual discontinued operations to the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
Cab structures business$18,814 $2,130 $22,327 $7,060 
Industrial Automation segment(8,417)479 (10,739)(1,991)
Total income from discontinued operations, net of tax$10,397 $2,609 $11,588 $5,069 
The following tables present reconciliations of the captions within CVG's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations attributable to each discontinued operation for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to Cab structures business:
Revenues$24,795 $30,770 $89,187 $98,066 
Cost of revenues33,627 27,970 93,367 88,745 
Gross profit(8,832)2,800 (4,180)9,321 
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes(8,832)2,800 (4,180)9,321 
Provision (benefit) for income taxes of discontinued operations(425)670 714 2,261 
Gain on disposition of discontinued operations, net of income taxes27,221 — 27,221 — 
Net income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes$18,814 $2,130 $22,327 $7,060 

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Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to Industrial Automation segment:
Revenues$5,350 $13,020 $14,641 $31,777 
Cost of revenues5,185 11,205 15,107 30,278 
Gross profit165 1,815 (466)1,499 
Selling, general and administrative expenses747 1,087 3,009 3,588 
Operating income (loss)(582)728 (3,475)(2,089)
Interest expense64 125 201 398 
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes(646)603 (3,676)(2,487)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes of discontinued operations(38)124 (746)(496)
Loss on disposition of discontinued operations, net of income taxes(7,809)— (7,809)— 
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes$(8,417)$479 $(10,739)$(1,991)

The following table presents the major classes of assets and liabilities of the Industrial Automation segment as of September 30, 2024, and of the cab structures and Industrial Automation segment as of December 31, 2023 that are classified as held for sale in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands).
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Account receivable, net4,964 4,603 
Inventories3,710 10,815 
Other current assets— 185 
Property, plant and equipment, net232 — 
Intangible assets, net3,093 — 
Other assets, net1,156 — 
Write-down loss on disposal group(8,204)— 
Current assets held for sale4,951 15,603 
Property, plant and equipment, net— 4,545 
Intangible assets, net— 4,628 
Other assets, net— 1,957 
Non current assets held for sale— 11,130 
Total assets held for sale$4,951 $26,733 
Accounts payable2,069 2,068 
Accrued liabilities and other2,067 1,208 
Other long-term liabilities115 — 
Current liabilities held-for-sale4,251 3,276 
Other long-term liabilities— 870 
Noncurrent liabilities held-for-sale— 870 
Total liabilities held for sale$4,251 $4,146 

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The following tables present reconciliations of the captions within CVG's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows attributable to discontinued operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 includes the gain and loss on the respective transactions, as noted above.

Nine Months Ended September 30,
20242023
CASH FLOWS FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS:
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities(4,567)9,027 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(838)(414)
Total cash provided by discontinued operations(5,405)8,613 
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ITEM 2 – MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The discussion and analysis below described material changes in financial condition and results of operations as reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our 2023 Form 10-K.


Business Overview
CVG is a global provider of systems, assemblies and components to the global commercial vehicle market and the electric vehicle market. We deliver real solutions to complex design, engineering and manufacturing problems while creating positive change for our customers, industries, and communities we serve.
We have manufacturing operations in the United States, Mexico, China, United Kingdom, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Morocco, Thailand, India and Australia. Our products are primarily sold in North America, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific region.
We primarily manufacture customized products to meet the requirements of our customers. We believe our products are used by a majority of the North American Commercial Truck markets and many construction vehicle OEMs, parts and service dealers, and distributors.
Key Developments

On July 31, 2024, the Company and SVO, LLC ("Buyer") entered into a purchase agreement pursuant to which the Company would sell substantially all of the assets of the Company's business of manufacturing and assembling structured products, including cabs for medium and heavy-duty vehicles, at its facility in Kings Mountain, North Carolina (the Cab Structures business). On September 6, 2024, the Company and Buyer entered into an Amendment to the Purchase Agreement whereby the transaction closed on September 6, 2024 with the Buyer paying the Company $20 million of the $40 million Purchase Price. Pursuant to the Amended Purchase Agreement, the Parties agreed (i) that the remaining $20 million of the Purchase Price would be paid on October 1, 2024, (ii) that the Assigned Contracts (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) and the employees of Seller would transfer to Buyer on October 1, 2024, and (iii) the inventory would be valued as of October 1, 2024, for purposes of determining any adjustment to the Purchase Price.The Company received the remaining portion of the Purchase Price on October 1, 2024. The net proceeds of the transaction were approximately $40 million. The Company used the proceeds for debt paydown and other general corporate purposes. The Company recorded an after-tax gain on the sale of the business of approximately $27.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024.

On July 30, 2024, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries, as guarantors, entered into Amendment No. 3, to the Credit Agreement. Amendment No. 3 amended the terms of the existing Credit Agreement to limit the mandatory prepayment requirements for certain specified asset dispositions of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries. The Company repaid $20 million in accordance with Amendment No.3 during the three months ended September 30, 2024.

During the quarter ended June 30, 2024, the Company announced that it has retained an investment banking firm to explore strategic alternatives for its Industrial Automation business. On October 30, 2024, the Company entered into a purchase agreement to sell its First Source Electronics (FSE) business with operations in Elkridge, Maryland for approximately $1.5 million, with a note in the amount of $500 thousand and earn out potential of an additional $1.5 million subject to certain criteria. The Elkridge facility is the primary manufacturing facility of the Company's Industrial Automation segment. CVG recorded an estimated after-tax loss on the contemplated sale of the Industrial Automation business of approximately $7.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024.

The cab structures and Industrial Automation segment divestitures represent a strategic shift in CVG's business and, in accordance with U.S. GAAP, qualified as discontinued operations. As a result, the operating results and cash flows related to the cab structures business and Industrial Automation segment have been reflected as discontinued operations in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The assets and liabilities that are to be sold have met the requirements to be classified within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets under a held for sale designation. See Note 18, Discontinued Operations, for additional information on the divestitures.

Certain indirect corporate costs included within the selling, general and administrative expense caption of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations that were previously allocated to the Kings Mountain facility and Industrial Automation segment do not qualify for classification within discontinued operations and are now reported as selling, general and
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administrative expense within continuing operations on a consolidated basis and within the Corporate and other segment. CVG is implementing plans to eliminate these costs as part of its restructuring program.

During the year ended December 31, 2023 and the nine months ended September 30, 2024, management approved restructuring programs to align the Company’s cost structure to support margin expansion in key focus areas. The programs include workforce reductions, footprint optimization, and fundamental reorganization initiatives that were implemented to drive efficiencies and reduce operating costs in line with our go-forward business and financial objectives. We incurred $9.8 million of expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, related to these programs.


Consolidated Results of Operations
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2023

The table below sets forth certain consolidated operating data for the three months ended September 30 (dollars are in thousands):
 20242023$ Change% Change
Revenues$171,772 $202,897 $(31,125)(15.3)%
Gross profit16,421 29,309 (12,888)(44.0)
Selling, general and administrative expenses17,481 20,389 (2,908)(14.3)
Other (income) expense(1,033)383 (1,416)
NM1
Interest expense2,371 2,489 (118)(4.7)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes(1,515)1,367 (2,882)
NM1
        Net income (loss) from continuing operations
(883)4,681 (5,564)
NM1
1.Not meaningful
Revenues. The decrease in consolidated revenues resulted from:

•a $28.4 million, or 16.8%, decrease in OEM and other revenues;
•a $2.7 million, or 8.0%, decrease in aftermarket and OES sales; and

The decrease in revenues of 15.3% is due primarily to a softening in customer demand in our Vehicle Solutions and Electrical Systems segments.

Gross Profit. Included in gross profit is cost of revenues, which consists primarily of raw materials and purchased components for our products, wages and benefits for our employees and overhead expenses such as manufacturing supplies, facility rent and utilities costs related to our operations. The $12.9 million decrease in gross profit is primarily attributable to the impact of lower sales volumes, unfavorable mix, operational inefficiencies and increased restructuring charges. Cost of revenues decreased $18.2 million, or 10.5%, as a result of a decrease in raw material and purchased component costs of $18.0 million, or 16.9%, and a decrease in labor and overhead expenses of $0.2 million, or 0.3%. As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 9.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to 14.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The three months ended September 30, 2024 results include charges of $3.5 million associated with restructuring programs.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses consist primarily of wages and benefits and other expenses such as marketing, travel, legal, audit, rent and utilities costs, which are not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacturing of our products. SG&A expenses decreased $2.9 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023, primarily as a result of the gain on the sale of a building of $3.5 million, offset by increased restructuring charges. As a percentage of revenues, SG&A expense was 10.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to 10.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The three months ended September 30, 2024 results include charges of $0.7 million associated with restructuring programs.

Other Income. Other Income increased $1.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. The increase in other income primarily related to TSA fees of $2.0 million recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2024.

Interest Expense. Interest associated with our debt was $2.4 million and $2.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The decrease in interest expense primarily related to lower average debt balances offset by higher interest rates on variable rate debt during the respective comparative periods.
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Provision (benefit) for Income Taxes. Income tax benefit of $1.5 million was recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to an income tax expense of $1.4 million recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The period over period change in income tax was primarily attributable to a $8.4 million decrease in pre-tax income versus the prior year period.

Net Income (Loss) from continuing operations. Net loss from continuing operations was $0.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to net income of $4.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in net income is attributable to the factors noted above.

Segment Results
Vehicle Solutions Segment Results 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
The table below sets forth certain Vehicle Solutions Segment operating data for the three months ended September 30 (dollars are in thousands):
 20242023$ Change% Change
Revenues$97,296 $115,235 $(17,939)(15.6)%
Gross profit8,774 15,050 (6,276)(41.7)
Selling, general & administrative expenses 3,629 6,761 (3,132)(46.3)
Operating income5,145 8,289 (3,144)(37.9)
Revenues. The decrease in Vehicle Solutions Segment revenues of $17.9 million was primarily driven by lower sales volume due to decreased customer demand and the wind-down of certain programs.
Gross Profit. The decrease in gross profit of $6.3 million was primarily attributable to lower sales volumes, operational remediation investments and increased freight offset by a decrease in cost of revenues. The decrease in cost of revenues was driven by a decrease in raw material and purchased component costs of $10.2 million, or 15.9%, and a decrease in labor and overhead expenses of $1.5 million, or 4.1%. 

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 9.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to 13.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in gross profit margin was primarily due to lower sales volumes, restructuring activities and increased freight costs. The three months ended September 30, 2024 results include charges of $1.5 million associated with the restructuring program.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses.  SG&A expenses decreased $3.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023, primarily as a result of the gain on the sale of a building of $3.5 million. The three months ended September 30, 2024 results include charges of $0.7 million associated with the restructuring program.
Electrical Systems Segment Results 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
The table below sets forth certain Electrical Systems Segment operating data for the three months ended September 30 (dollars are in thousands):
 20242023$ Change% Change
Revenues$43,380 $53,862 $(10,482)(19.5)%
Gross profit2,213 7,881 (5,668)(71.9)
Selling, general & administrative expenses2,598 2,018 580 28.7
Operating income (loss)(385)5,863 (6,248)(106.6)
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Revenues. The decrease in Electrical Systems Segment revenues of $10.5 million primarily resulted from a global softening in the Construction & Agriculture end-markets.

Gross Profit. The decrease in gross profit of $5.7 million is primarily attributable to lower sales volumes, restructuring activities, and unfavorable foreign exchange impacts. The decrease in cost of revenues was driven by a decrease in raw material and purchased component costs of $4.3 million, or 17.3%, and a decrease in labor and overhead expenses of $0.5 million, or 2.5%.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 5.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to 14.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in gross profit margin was primarily due to lower sales volumes, restructuring costs, and unfavorable foreign exchange impacts. The three months ended September 30, 2024 results include charges of $1.3 million associated with the restructuring program.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses.  SG&A expenses increased $0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023.
Aftermarket & Accessories Segment Results 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
The table below sets forth certain Aftermarket & Accessories Segment operating data for the three months ended September 30 (dollars are in thousands):
 20242023$ Change% Change
Revenues$31,096 $33,800 $(2,704)(8.0)%
Gross profit5,474 6,416 (942)(14.7)
Selling, general & administrative expenses2,328 2,104 224 10.6
Operating income3,146 4,312 (1,166)(27.0)
Revenues. The decrease in Aftermarket & Accessories Segment revenues of $2.7 million primarily resulted from lower sales volume due to a reduction of backlog in the prior period as well as decreased customer demand.

Gross Profit. The decrease in gross profit of $0.9 million is primarily attributable to lower sales volume, operational inefficiencies and restructuring related expenses. The cost of revenues decreased in line with the sales decrease of 8.0%, driven by a decrease in raw material and purchased component costs of $3.5 million, or 20.4%; offset by an increase in labor and overhead expenses of $1.8 million, or 17.6%.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 17.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to 19.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in gross profit margin was primarily due to lower sales volumes, operational inefficiencies and restructuring related expenses. The three months ended September 30, 2024 results include charges of $0.8 million associated with the restructuring program.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses.  SG&A expenses increased $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023.

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Consolidated Results of Operations

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023

The table below sets forth certain consolidated operating data for the nine months ended September 30, (dollars are in thousands):

 20242023$ Change% Change
Revenues$560,063 $641,747 $(81,684)(12.7)%
Gross profit60,044 96,714 (36,670)(37.9)
Selling, general and administrative expenses55,531 60,910 (5,379)(8.8)
Other (income) expense(615)488 (1,103)
NM1
Interest expense6,974 7,910 (936)(11.8)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes(1,110)6,345 (7,455)
NM1
        Net income (loss) from continuing operations
(736)21,061 (21,797)
NM1
1.Not meaningful
Revenues. The decrease in consolidated revenues resulted from:

•a $72.9 million, or 13.6%, decrease in OEM and other revenues; and
•a $8.7 million, or 8.2%, decrease in aftermarket and OES sales.
The decrease in revenues of $81.7 million is primarily driven by a softening in customer demand across all segments, and the wind-down of certain programs in our Vehicle Solutions segment.
Gross Profit. The $36.7 million decrease in gross profit is primarily attributable to the impact of lower sales volumes, unfavorable mix, and increased restructuring charges. Cost of revenues decreased $45.0 million, or 8.3%, as a result of a decrease in raw material and purchased component costs of $44.2 million, or 13.1%, and a decrease in labor and overhead expenses of $0.8 million, or 0.4%. As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 10.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to 15.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The nine months ended September 30, 2024 results include charges of $8.6 million associated with the restructuring programs.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. SG&A expenses decreased $5.4 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily as a result of the gain on the sale of a building of $3.5 million and reduced incentive compensation expense, partially offset by an increase in salary expense and consulting spend during the 2024 period. As a percentage of revenues, SG&A expense was 9.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to 9.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The nine months ended September 30, 2024 results include charges of $1.2 million associated with the restructuring programs.

Other Income. Other Income increased $1.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The increase in other income primarily related to TSA fees of $2.0 million recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Interest Expense. Interest associated with our debt was $7.0 million and $7.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The decrease in interest expense primarily related to lower average debt balances offset by higher interest rates on variable rate debt during the respective comparative periods.

Provision (benefit) for Income Taxes. An income tax benefit of $1.1 million and income tax expense of $6.3 million were recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The period over period change in income tax was primarily attributable to the $29.3 million decrease in pre-tax income versus the prior year period.

In 2021, as part of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development's ("OECD") Inclusive Framework, 140 member countries agreed to the implementation of the Pillar Two Global Minimum Tax ("Pillar Two") of 15%. The OECD continues to release additional guidance, including administrative guidance on how Pillar Two rules should be interpreted and applied by jurisdictions as they adopt Pillar Two. These changes, when enacted by various countries in which we do business, may increase our taxes in these countries. Changes to these and other areas in relation to international tax reform, including
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future actions taken by foreign governments in response to Pillar Two, could increase uncertainty and may adversely affect our tax rate and cash flow in future years. We continue to evaluate the potential impact on future periods of Pillar Two, pending legislative adoption by individual countries.

Net Income (loss) from continuing operations. Net loss from continuing operations was $0.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to net income of $21.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in net income is attributable to the factors noted above.


Segment Results
Vehicle Solutions Segment Results 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
The table below sets forth certain Vehicle Solutions Segment operating data for the nine months ended September 30, (dollars are in thousands):
 20242023$ Change% Change
Revenues$312,785 $362,820 $(50,035)(13.8)%
Gross profit32,177 49,263 (17,086)(34.7)
Selling, general & administrative expenses 15,985 19,609 (3,624)(18.5)
Operating income16,192 29,654 (13,462)(45.4)

Revenues. The decrease in Vehicle Solutions Segment revenues of $50.0 million was primarily driven by lower sales volume due to decreased customer demand and the wind-down of certain programs.

Gross Profit. The decrease in gross profit of $17.1 million was primarily attributable to lower sales volume, restructuring activities and increased freight costs. The decrease in cost of revenues was driven by a decrease in raw material and purchased component costs of $24.0 million, or 12.0%, and a decrease in labor and overhead expenses of $8.9 million, or 7.9%. 

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 10.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to 13.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, driven by lower sales volume, restructuring activities and increased freight costs. The nine months ended September 30, 2024 results include charges of $3.9 million associated with the restructuring program.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses.  SG&A expenses decreased $3.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily as a result of the gain on the sale of a building of $3.5 million. The nine months ended September 30, 2024 results include charges of $1.0 million associated with the restructuring program.
Electrical Systems Segment Results 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
The table below sets forth certain Electrical Systems Segment operating data for the nine months ended September 30, (dollars are in thousands):
 20242023$ Change% Change
Revenues$149,327 $172,236 $(22,909)(13.3)%
Gross profit9,934 26,524 (16,590)(62.5)
Selling, general & administrative expenses7,799 6,932 867 12.5
Operating income2,135 19,592 (17,457)(89.1)

Revenues. The decrease in Electrical Systems Segment revenues of $22.9 million resulted from lower sales volume due to decreased customer demand and phase out of lower margin business.
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Gross Profit. The decrease in gross profit of $16.6 million is primarily attributable to lower sales volume, restructuring activities, labor inflation and unfavorable foreign exchange impacts. The decrease in cost of revenues was driven by a decrease in raw material and purchased component costs of $11.7 million, or 14.4%; offset by an increase in labor and overhead expenses of $5.4 million, or 8.4%.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 6.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to 15.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, driven by lower sales volume, restructuring activities, labor inflation, and unfavorable foreign exchange impacts. The nine months ended September 30, 2024 results include charges of $3.7 million associated with the restructuring program.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses.  SG&A expenses increased $0.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023 primarily due to increased salaries.
Aftermarket & Accessories Segment Results  
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
The table below sets forth certain Aftermarket & Accessories Segment operating data for the nine months ended September 30, (dollars are in thousands):
 20242023$ Change% Change
Revenues$97,951 $106,691 $(8,740)(8.2)%
Gross profit18,091 21,071 (2,980)(14.1)
Selling, general & administrative expenses6,228 6,017 211 3.5
Operating income11,863 15,054 (3,191)(21.2)

Revenues. The decrease in Aftermarket & Accessories Segment revenues of $8.7 million primarily resulted from lower sales volume due to an increase of backlog in the prior period as well as decreased customer demand.

Gross Profit. The decrease in gross profit of $3.0 million is primarily attributable to the lower sales volume. The decrease in cost of revenues was driven by a decrease in raw material and purchased component costs of $8.5 million, or 15.6%, offset by an increase in labor and overhead expenses of $2.7 million, or 8.6%.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 18.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to 19.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. This was primarily due to lower sales volume, product mix, higher labor and benefit costs, and restructuring related expenses. The nine months ended September 30, 2024 results include charges of $1.0 million associated with the restructuring program.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. SG&A expenses increased $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of September 30, 2024, the Company had total liquidity of $177.2 million, including $30.9 million of cash and $146.3 million of availability from its U.S. and China credit facilities.

Our primary sources of liquidity as of September 30, 2024 were operating income, cash and availability under our credit facility. We believe that these sources of liquidity will provide adequate funds for our working capital needs, capital expenditures and debt service throughout the next twelve months. However, no assurance can be given that this will be the case. We also rely on the timely collection of receivables as a source of liquidity. As of September 30, 2024, we had outstanding letters of credit of $1.1 million and borrowing availability of $146.3 million from our U.S. and China credit facilities.

As of September 30, 2024, cash of $30.9 million was held by foreign subsidiaries. The Company had a $0.1 million deferred tax liability as of September 30, 2024 for the expected future income tax implications of repatriating cash from the foreign subsidiaries for which indefinite reinvestment is not expected.

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Covenants and Liquidity

Our ability to comply with the covenants in the Credit Agreement, as discussed in Note 4, Debt, may be affected by economic or business conditions beyond our control. Based on our current forecast, we believe that we will be able to maintain compliance with the financial maintenance covenants and the fixed charge coverage ratio covenant and other covenants in the Credit Agreement for the next twelve months; however, no assurances can be given that we will be able to comply. We base our forecasts on historical experience, industry forecasts and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. If actual results are substantially different than our current forecast, we may not be able to comply with our financial covenants.

Sources and Uses of Cash

Nine Months Ended September 30,
20242023
(In thousands)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
$(6,835)$29,990 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
12,868 (15,196)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
(12,927)531 
Effect of currency exchange rate changes on cash
(69)(857)
Net increase (decrease) in cash$(6,963)$14,468 

Operating activities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, net cash used in operating activities was $6.8 million compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $30.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Net cash used in operating activities is primarily attributable to a lower net income from continuing and discontinued operations, including cash used to support restructuring programs for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to higher net income offset by an increase in working capital for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Investing activities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, net cash provided by investing activities of $12.9 million compared to net cash used in investing activities of $15.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to $23.0 million proceeds from sale of the Company's cab structures and FinishTEK businesses during the current period and $4.5 million proceeds from the sale of a building. In 2024, we expect capital expenditures to be in the range of $20 million to $25 million.

Financing activities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, net cash used in financing activities was $12.9 million compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $0.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Decrease in net cash provided by financing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023 is primarily attributable to the $20.0 million term loan repayment, offset by an increase in borrowings under the revolving credit facility to fund working capital.

Debt and Credit Facilities

The debt and credit facilities descriptions in Note 4, Debt are incorporated in this section by reference.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). For a comprehensive discussion of our significant accounting policies, see "Note 1. Significant Accounting Policies", to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 in our 2023 Form 10-K.

Critical accounting estimates are those that are most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results. These estimates require management's most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to estimate matters that are inherently uncertain. We review the development, selection, and disclosure of our critical accounting estimates with the Audit Committee of our board of directors. For information about critical accounting estimates, see Critical Accounting Estimates in "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our 2023 Form 10-K. At September 30, 2024, there have been no material changes to our critical accounting estimates from those disclosed in our 2023 Form 10-K.

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Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarter Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. For this purpose, any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact, including without limitation, certain statements under “Item 2 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and located elsewhere herein regarding industry outlook, the Company’s expectations for future periods with respect to closing of the sale of its Industrial Automation business, its plans to improve financial results, the future of the Company’s end markets, changes in the Class 8 and Class 5-7 North America truck build rates, performance of the global construction and agricultural equipment business, the Company’s prospects in the wire harness, warehouse automation and electric vehicle markets, the Company’s initiatives to address customer needs, organic growth, the Company’s strategic plans and plans to focus on certain segments, competition faced by the Company, volatility in and disruption to the global economic environment, including inflation and labor shortages, financial covenant compliance, anticipated effects of acquisitions, production of new products, plans for capital expenditures and our results of operations or financial position and liquidity, may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. Without limiting the foregoing, the words “believe”, “anticipate”, “plan”, “expect”, “intend”, “will”, “should”, “could”, “would”, “project”, “continue”, “likely”, and similar expressions, as they relate to us, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. The important factors discussed in “Item 1A - Risk Factors”, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by forward-looking statements made herein and presented elsewhere by management from time to time. Such forward-looking statements represent management’s current expectations and are inherently uncertain. Investors are warned that actual results may differ from management’s expectations. Additionally, various economic and competitive factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in such forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, factors which are outside our control.

Any forward-looking statement that we make in this report speaks only as of the date of such statement, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement or to publicly announce the results of any revision to any of those statements to reflect future events or developments. Comparisons of results for current and any prior periods are not intended to express any future trends or indications of future performance, unless specifically expressed as such, and should only be viewed as historical data.
ITEM 3 – QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
For information relating to quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk, see the discussion under "Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" in our 2023 Form 10-K. As of September 30, 2024, there have been no material changes in our exposure to market risk from those disclosed in our 2023 Form 10-K.
ITEM 4 – CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Our senior management is responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.

We evaluated, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2024. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2024 to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There were no changes during the quarter ended September 30, 2024 in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls. Our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. The design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Further, because of the inherent limitations in control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that
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misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of error or mistake. Controls also can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Projections of any evaluation of controls effectiveness to future periods are subject to risks. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1         Legal Proceedings

We are subject to various legal proceedings and claims arising in the ordinary course of business, including, but not limited to, product liability claims, customer and supplier disputes, service provider disputes, examinations by taxing authorities, employment disputes, workers’ compensation claims, unfair labor practice charges, OSHA investigations, intellectual property disputes and environmental claims arising out of the conduct of our businesses. Based upon the information available to management and discussions with legal counsel, it is the opinion of management that the ultimate outcome of the various legal actions and claims that are incidental to our business are not expected to have a material adverse impact on the consolidated financial position, results of operations, stockholders' equity or cash flows; however, such matters are subject to many uncertainties and the outcomes of individual matters are not predictable with any degree of assurance.


ITEM 1A     Risk Factors
You should carefully consider the information in this Form 10-Q, the risk factors discussed in "Risk Factors" and other risks discussed in our 2023 Form 10-K and our filings with the SEC since December 31, 2023. These risks could materially and adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity and cash flows. Our business also could be affected by risks that we are not presently aware of or that we currently consider immaterial to our operations.


ITEM 2         Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

We did not sell any equity securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. We did not repurchase any equity securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.


ITEM 3        Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.


ITEM 4        Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.


ITEM 5        Other Information
Neither the Company nor any of our officers or directors adopted or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement as defined by Item 408(a) and Item 408(d) of Regulation S-K during the last fiscal quarter.












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ITEM 6        Exhibits
Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of July 31, 2024 by and among SVO, LLC, Mayflower Vehicle Systems, LLC and Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 1, 2024).
Amendment No. 3 (the “Amendment”) dated July 30, 2024, which amends the Credit Agreement dated as of April 30, 2021, with Bank of America, N.A. as agent, and the lenders party thereto, Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. and certain of its subsidiaries, as guarantors.
Amendment to Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of September 6, 2024 by and among SVO, LLC, Mayflower Vehicle Systems, LLC and Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 10, 2024).
Transition Services Agreement dated as of September 6, 2024 by and among SVO, LLC, Mayflower Vehicle Systems, LLC and Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 10, 2024).
302 Certification by James R. Ray, President and Chief Executive Officer.
302 Certification by Andy Cheung, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer.
Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101Interactive Data Files

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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC.
Date: November 4, 2024By
/s/ Andy Cheung
Chung Kin Cheung ("Andy Cheung")
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
 
Date: November 4, 2024By
/s/ Angela M. O'Leary
Angela M. O'Leary
Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)

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