UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission file number 001-34365

COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	41-1990662 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
7800 Walton Parkway New Albany, Ohio (Address of principal executive offices)	43054 (Zip Code)

(614) 289-5360

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share	CVGI	The NASDAQ Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☒
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.			☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes  ☐  No  ☒

The number of shares outstanding of the Registrant’s common stock, par value $.01 per share, at May 2, 2023 was 33,473,336 shares.

COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1 – FINANCIAL STATEMENTS	1
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	1
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)	2
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity	5
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	6
ITEM 2 – MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS	19
ITEM 3 – QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK	24
ITEM 4 – CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES	24
PART II OTHER INFORMATION	25
ITEM 1 Legal Proceedings	25
ITEM 1A Risk Factors	25
ITEM 2 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	25
ITEM 3 Defaults Upon Senior Securities	25
ITEM 4 Mine Safety Disclosures	25
ITEM 5 Other Information	25
ITEM 6 Exhibits	26
SIGNATURE	27

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1 – FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
	(Unaudited) (In thousands, except per share amounts)
Revenues	$	262,709	$	244,374
Cost of revenues	227,500		218,991
Gross profit	35,209		25,383
Selling, general and administrative expenses	20,565		16,999
Operating income	14,644		8,384
Other (income) expense	(202)		1,041
Interest expense	2,890		1,961
Income before provision for income taxes	11,956		5,382
Provision for income taxes	3,256		1,400
Net income	$	8,700	$	3,982
Earnings per Common Share:
Basic	$	0.26	$	0.12
Diluted	$	0.26	$	0.12
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic	32,868		32,065
Diluted	33,182		32,685

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
	(Unaudited) (In thousands)
Net income	$	8,700	$	3,982
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency exchange translation adjustments	2,557		327
Minimum pension liability, net of tax	140		(29)
Derivative instrument, net of tax	1,343		2,814
Other comprehensive income	4,040		3,112
Comprehensive income	$	12,740	$	7,094

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)
	(In thousands, except per share amounts)
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash	$	41,484	$	31,825
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $192 and $306, respectively	171,878		152,626
Inventories	139,553		142,542
Other current assets	20,112		12,582
Total current assets	373,027		339,575
Property, plant and equipment, net	68,939		67,805
Intangible assets, net	13,791		14,620
Deferred income taxes	10,996		12,275
Other assets, net	31,087		35,993
Total assets	$	497,840	$	470,268
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	119,057	$	122,091
Accrued liabilities and other	47,340		42,809
Current portion of long-term debt and short-term debt	16,399		10,938
Total current liabilities	182,796		175,838
Long-term debt	149,221		141,499
Pension and other post-retirement benefits	8,470		8,428
Other long-term liabilities	23,564		24,463
Total liabilities	364,051		350,228
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value (5,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding)	—		—
Common stock, $0.01 par value (60,000,000 shares authorized; 32,991,468 and 32,826,852 shares issued and outstanding respectively)	330		328
Treasury stock, at cost: 2,009,162 and 1,899,996 shares, respectively	(15,278)		(14,514)
Additional paid-in capital	263,142		261,371
Retained deficit	(86,895)		(95,595)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(27,510)		(31,550)
Total stockholders’ equity	133,789		120,040
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	$	497,840	$	470,268

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
	(Unaudited)
	(In thousands)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$	8,700	$	3,982
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash flows from operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	4,262		4,432
Noncash amortization of debt financing costs	76		113
Pension cash reversion	2,942		—
Shared-based compensation expense	1,771		1,117
Deferred income taxes	(467)		532
Non-cash loss (income) on derivative contracts	(658)		599
Change in other operating items:
Accounts receivable	(18,429)		(36,212)
Inventories	3,594		(17,502)
Prepaid expenses	(2,694)		(2,599)
Accounts payable	(4,340)		27,998
Other operating activities, net	5,301		(3,858)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	58		(21,398)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	(3,321)		(3,590)
Net cash used in investing activities	(3,321)		(3,590)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Repayment of term loan facility	(2,188)		(1,875)
Borrowing under revolving credit facility	11,000		55,200
Repayment of revolving credit facility	—		(24,400)
Surrender of common stock by employees	(764)		(464)
Other financing activities	4,329		(55)
Net cash provided by financing activities	12,377		28,406
EFFECT OF CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH	545		(168)
NET INCREASE IN CASH	9,659		3,250
CASH:
Beginning of period	31,825		34,958
End of period	$	41,484	$	38,208

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

	Common Stock			Treasury Stock		Additional Paid In Capital		Retained Deficit		Accumulated  Other Comp. Loss		Total CVG Stockholders’  Equity
	Shares	Amount
	(Unaudited) (In thousands, except per share amounts)
Balance - December 31, 2021	32,034,592	$	321	$	(13,172)	$	255,566	$	(73,624)	$	(42,438)	$	126,653
Share-based compensation expense	122,618	1		(464)		1,117		—		—		654
Total comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		3,982		3,112		7,094
Balance - March 31, 2022	32,157,210	$	322	$	(13,636)	$	256,683	$	(69,642)	$	(39,326)	$	134,401
Balance - December 31, 2022	32,826,852	$	328	$	(14,514)	$	261,371	$	(95,595)	$	(31,550)	$	120,040
Share-based compensation expense	164,616	2		(764)		1,771		—		—		1,009
Total comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		8,700		4,040		12,740
Balance - March 31, 2023	32,991,468	$	330	$	(15,278)	$	263,142	$	(86,895)	$	(27,510)	$	133,789

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in thousands, except for share and per share amounts and where specifically disclosed)

1. Description of Business and Basis of Presentation

Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries, is a global provider of systems, assemblies and components to the global commercial vehicle market, the electric vehicle market, and the industrial automation markets. References herein to the "Company", "CVG", "we", "our", or "us" refer to Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

We have manufacturing operations in the United States, Mexico, China, United Kingdom, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Thailand, India, Australia and Morocco. Our products are primarily sold in North America, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific region.

We primarily manufacture customized products to meet the requirements of our customer. We believe our products are used by a majority of the North American Commercial Truck manufacturers, many construction vehicle original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs"), parts and service dealers, distributors, as well as top e-commerce retailers.

The unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") in the United States of America and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. Except as disclosed within these condensed notes to unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements, the adjustments made were of a normal, recurring nature. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in our annual consolidated financial statements have been condensed or omitted.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP in the United States requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates and assumptions are based on management's best estimates and judgment. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment, which management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. We adjust such estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ significantly from these estimates. Changes in these estimates resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment will be reflected in the consolidated financial statements in future periods.

These condensed notes to unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the "2022 Form 10-K"), which includes a complete set of footnote disclosures, including the Company's significant accounting policies.

2. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

New accounting pronouncements that have been issued but not yet effective are currently being evaluated and at this time are not expected to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

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3. Revenue Recognition

We had outstanding customer accounts receivable, net of allowances, of $171.9 million as of March 31, 2023 and $152.6 million as of December 31, 2022. We generally do not have other assets or liabilities associated with customer arrangements.

Revenue Disaggregation - The following is the composition, by product category, of our revenues:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Vehicle Solutions		Electrical Systems		Aftermarket & Accessories		Industrial Automation		Total
Seats	$	76,990	$	—	$	19,164	$	—	$	96,154
Electrical wire harnesses, panels and assemblies	—		54,749		3,786		—		58,535
Trim	46,423		—		2,873		—		49,296
Industrial Automation	—		—		—		9,747		9,747
Cab structures	33,903		—		998		—		34,901
Mirrors, wipers and controls	3,268		—		10,808		—		14,076
Total	$	160,584	$	54,749	$	37,629	$	9,747	$	262,709

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Vehicle Solutions		Electrical Systems		Aftermarket & Accessories		Industrial Automation		Total
Seats	$	69,808	$	—	$	15,788	$	—	$	85,596
Electrical wire harnesses, panels and assemblies	—		39,876		3,321		1,795		44,992
Trim	44,758		—		1,296		—		46,054
Industrial Automation	—		—		—		32,331		32,331
Cab structures	25,591		—		—		—		25,591
Mirrors, wipers and controls	—		—		9,810		—		9,810
Total	$	140,157	$	39,876	$	30,215	$	34,126	$	244,374

4. Debt

Debt consisted of the following:

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Term loan facility	$	150,312	$	152,500
Revolving credit facility	11,000		—
China credit facility	4,368		—
Unamortized discount and issuance costs	(60)		(63)
	$	165,620	$	152,437
Less: current portion of long-term debt and short-term debt	(16,399)		(10,938)
Total long-term debt, net of current portion	$	149,221	$	141,499

Credit Agreement

On April 30, 2021, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) between, among others, Bank of America, N.A. as administrative agent (the “Administrative Agent”) and other lenders party thereto (the “Lenders”) pursuant to which the Lenders made available a $150 million Term Loan Facility (the “Term Loan Facility”) and a $125 million Revolving Credit Facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility” and together with the Term Loan Facility, the “Credit Facilities”). Subject to the terms of the Credit Agreement, the Revolving Credit Facility includes a $10 million swing line sublimit and a $10 million letter of credit sublimit. The Credit Agreement provides for an incremental term facility agreement and/or an increase of the Revolving Credit Facility (together, the “Incremental Facilities”), in a

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maximum aggregate amount of (a) up to the date of receipt of financial statements for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2022, $75 million, and (b) thereafter, (i) $75 million less the aggregate principal amount of Incremental Facilities incurred before such date, plus (ii) an unlimited amount if the pro forma consolidated total leverage ratio (assuming the Incremental Facilities are fully drawn) is less than 2.50:1.0.

On May 12, 2022, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a second amendment (the “Amendment”) to its Credit Agreement pursuant to which the Lenders upsized the existing Term Loan Facility to $175 million in aggregate principal amount and increased the Revolving Credit Facility commitments by $25 million to an aggregate of $150 million in revolving credit facility commitments. The Revolving Credit Facility includes a $10 million swing line sublimit and a $10 million letter of credit sublimit. The amended Credit Agreement provides for an incremental term facility agreement and/or an increase of the Revolving Credit Facility (together, the “Incremental Facilities”), in a maximum aggregate amount of (a) up to the date of receipt of financial statements for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2022, $75 million, and (b) thereafter, (i) $75 million less the aggregate principal amount of Incremental Facilities incurred before such date, plus (ii) an unlimited amount if the pro forma consolidated total leverage ratio (assuming the Incremental Facilities are fully drawn) is less than 2.50:1.0. Further, separate from the Company’s annual $35 million capital spending cap, a one-time $45 million capital project basket was included in the Amendment. All other key provisions, including the $75 million accordion, acquisition holiday, and other baskets remain unchanged. The Credit Facilities mature on May 12, 2027 (the “Maturity Date”).

The Amendment resulted in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $0.9 million, including $0.6 million non-cash write off relating to deferred financing costs and unamortized discount of the Term Loan Facility and $0.3 million of other fees associated with the Amendment, recorded in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022.

At March 31, 2023, we had $11.0 million of borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, outstanding letters of credit of $1.2 million and availability of $137.8 million. Combined with availability under our newly established foreign credit facilities of approximately $8.7 million, total consolidated availability was $146.5 million as of March 31, 2023. The unamortized deferred financing fees associated with the Revolving Credit Facility of $1.2 million and $1.3 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, are being amortized over the remaining life of the Credit Agreement. At December 31, 2022, we had no borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility and we had outstanding letters of credit of $1.2 million.

Interest rates and fees

Amounts outstanding under the Credit Facilities and the commitment fee payable in connection with the Credit Facilities accrue interest at a per annum rate equal to (at the Company’s option) the base rate or the Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"), including a credit spread adjustment, plus a rate which will vary according to the Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio as set forth in the most recent compliance certificate received by the Administrative Agent, as set out in the following table:

Pricing Tier	Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio	Commitment Fee	Letter of Credit Fee	Term SOFR Loans	Base Rate Loans
I	> 3.50 to 1.00	0.35%	2.75%	2.75%	1.75%
II	< 3.50 to 1.00 but > 2.75 to 1.00	0.30%	2.50%	2.50%	1.50%
III	< 2.75 to 1.00 but > 2.00 to 1.00	0.25%	2.25%	2.25%	1.25%
IV	< 2.00 to 1.00 but  > 1.50 to 1.00	0.20%	2.00%	2.00%	1.00%
V	< 1.50 to 1.00	0.15%	1.75%	1.75%	0.75%

Guarantee and Security

All obligations under the Credit Agreement and related documents are unconditionally guaranteed by each of the Company’s existing and future direct and indirect wholly owned material domestic subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions (the “Guarantors”). All obligations of the Company under the Credit Agreement and the guarantees of those obligations are secured by a first priority pledge of substantially all of the assets of the Company and of the Guarantors, subject to certain exceptions. The property pledged by the Company and the Guarantors includes a first priority pledge of all of the equity interests owned by the Company and the Guarantors in their respective domestic subsidiaries and a first priority pledge of the equity interests owned by the Company and the Guarantors in certain foreign subsidiaries, in each case, subject to certain exceptions.

Covenants and other terms

The Credit Agreement contains customary restrictive covenants, including, without limitation, limitations on the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to incur additional debt and guarantees; grant certain liens on assets; pay dividends or make

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certain other distributions; make certain investments or acquisitions; dispose of certain assets; make payments on certain indebtedness; merge, combine with any other person or liquidate; amend organizational documents; make material changes in accounting treatment or reporting practices; enter into certain restrictive agreements; enter into certain hedging agreements; engage in transactions with affiliates; enter into certain employee benefit plans; make acquisitions; and other matters customarily included in senior secured loan agreements.

The Credit Agreement also contains customary reporting and other affirmative covenants, as well as customary events of default, including, without limitation, nonpayment of obligations under the Credit Facilities when due; material inaccuracy of representations and warranties; violation of covenants in the Credit Agreement and certain other documents executed in connection therewith; breach or default of agreements related to material debt; revocation or attempted revocation of guarantees; denial of the validity or enforceability of the loan documents or failure of the loan documents to be in full force and effect; certain material judgments; certain events of bankruptcy or insolvency; certain Employee Retirement Income Securities Act events; and a change in control of the Company. Certain of the defaults are subject to exceptions, materiality qualifiers, grace periods and baskets customary for credit facilities of this type.

The Credit Agreement includes (a) a minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.20:1.0, and (b) a maximum consolidated total leverage ratio of 3.75:1.0 (which was subject to step-down to 3.50:1.0 at the end of the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2023; and will be subject to step-downs to 3.25:1.0 at the end of the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2023; and to 3.00:1.0 for each fiscal quarter on and after the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2023).

We were in compliance with the covenants as of March 31, 2023.

Repayment and prepayment

The Credit Agreement requires the Company to make quarterly amortization payments to the Term Loan Facility at an annualized rate of the loans under the Term Loan Facility for every year as follows: 5.0%, 7.5%, 10.0%, 12.5% and 15.0%. The Credit Agreement also requires all outstanding amounts under the Credit Facilities to be repaid in full on the Maturity Date.

The Credit Agreement requires mandatory prepayments from the receipt of proceeds of dispositions or debt issuance, subject to certain exceptions and the Company's ability to re-invest and use proceeds towards acquisitions permitted by the Credit Agreement.

Voluntary prepayments of amounts outstanding under the Credit Facilities are permitted at any time, without premium or penalty.

Foreign Facilities

In the quarter ended March 31, 2023, we established a credit facility in China with availability of approximately $13.1 million (denominated in the local currency) consisting of a line of credit which is subject to annual renewal (the "China Credit Facility"). We utilize the China Credit Facility to meet local working capital demands, fund letters of credit and bank guarantees, and support other short-term cash requirements in our China operations. We had $4.4 million and $0 million outstanding under the China Credit Facility as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, which are included in Current portion of long-term debt and short-term debt on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. At March 31, 2023, we had $8.7 million availability under the China Credit Facility.

Cash Paid for Interest

For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, cash payments for interest were $3.2 million and $1.6 million, respectively.

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5. Intangible Assets

Our definite-lived intangible assets were comprised of the following: 

		March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Weighted- Average Amortization Period	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Definite-lived intangible assets:
Trademarks/tradenames	22 years	$	11,474	$	(5,453)	$	6,021	$	11,487	$	(5,377)	$	6,110
Customer relationships	15 years	14,200		(9,381)		4,819		14,161		(9,109)		5,052
Technical know-how	5 years	9,790		(6,935)		2,855		9,790		(6,445)		3,345
Covenant not to compete	5 years	330		(234)		96		330		(217)		113
		$	35,794	$	(22,003)	$	13,791	$	35,768	$	(21,148)	$	14,620

The aggregate intangible asset amortization expense was $0.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, respectively.

6. Fair Value Measurement

Fair value is the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is estimated by applying the following hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels, and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement:

Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

Level 2 - Observable inputs other than those included in Level 1. For example, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets.

Level 3 - Significant unobservable inputs reflecting management’s own assumptions about the inputs used in pricing the asset or liability.

Our financial instruments consist of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, pension assets and liabilities. The carrying value of these instruments approximates fair value as a result of the short duration of such instruments or due to the variability of the interest cost associated with such instruments.

Recurring Measurements

Foreign Currency Forward Exchange Contracts. Our derivative assets and liabilities represent foreign exchange contracts that are measured at fair value using observable market inputs such as forward rates, interest rates, our own credit risk and counterparty credit risk. Based on the utilization of these inputs, the derivative assets and liabilities are classified as Level 2. To manage our risk for transactions denominated in Mexican Pesos and Czech Crown, we have entered into forward exchange contracts that are designated as cash flow hedge instruments, which are recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value. The gains and losses as a result of the changes in fair value of the hedge contract for transactions denominated in Mexican Pesos are deferred in accumulated other comprehensive loss and recognized in cost of revenues in the period the related hedge transactions are settled. As of March 31, 2023, hedge contracts for transactions denominated in Czech Crown were not designated as a hedging instruments; therefore, they are marked-to-market and the fair value of agreements is recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets with the offsetting gains and losses recognized in other (income) expense and recognized in cost of revenues in the period the related hedge transactions are settled in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Interest Rate Swaps. To manage our exposure to variable interest rates, we have entered into interest rate swaps to exchange, at a specified interval, the difference between fixed and variable interest amounts calculated by reference to an agreed upon notional principal amount. The interest rate swaps are intended to mitigate the impact of rising interest rates on the Company and covers approximately 50% of outstanding debt under the Term Loan Facility. Any changes in fair value are included in

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earnings or deferred through Accumulated other comprehensive loss, depending on the nature and effectiveness of the offset. Any ineffectiveness in a cash flow hedging relationship is recognized immediately in earnings in the consolidated statements of operations.

The fair values of our derivative assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis are categorized as follows: 

	March 31, 2023								December 31, 2022
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Foreign exchange contract	$	3,109	$	—	$	3,109	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Interest rate swap agreement	$	954	$	—	$	954	$	—	$	1,849	$	—	$	1,849	$	—
Liabilities:
Foreign exchange contract	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	356	$	—	$	356	$	—

The following table summarizes the notional amount of our open foreign exchange contracts:

	March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	U.S. $ Equivalent		U.S. Equivalent Fair Value		U.S. $ Equivalent		U.S. Equivalent Fair Value
Commitments to buy or sell currencies	$	41,230	$	43,553	$	55,220	$	53,847

The following table summarizes the fair value and presentation of derivatives in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets: 

	Derivative Asset
	Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value
		March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Foreign exchange contracts	Other current assets	$	3,109	$	—
Interest rate swap agreement	Other assets, net	$	954	$	1,849

	Derivative Liability
	Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value
		March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Foreign exchange contracts	Accrued liabilities and other	$	—	$	356

	Derivative Equity
	Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value
		March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Derivative instruments	Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income	$	6,115	$	3,777

The following table summarizes the effect of derivative instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

		Three Months Ended March 31,
		2023		2022
	Location of Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Recognized in Income	Amount of Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Recognized in Income
Foreign exchange contracts	Cost of revenues	$	451	$	456
Interest rate swap agreement	Interest expense	$	454	$	(193)
Foreign exchange contracts	Other (income) expense	$	469	$	(671)

We consider the impact of our credit risk on the fair value of the contracts, as well as our ability to honor obligations under the contract.

11

Other Fair Value Measurements

The fair value of long-term debt obligations is based on a fair value model utilizing observable inputs. Based on these inputs, our long-term debt fair value as disclosed is classified as Level 2. The carrying amounts and fair values of our long-term debt obligations are as follows:

	March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
Term loan and security agreement 1	$	150,252	$	144,052	$	152,437	$	143,477
Revolving credit facility	$	11,000	$	11,000	$	—	$	—

1.Presented in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are the current portion of long-term debt of $12.0 million and long-term debt of $149.2 million as of March 31, 2023, and current portion of long-term debt of $10.9 million and long-term debt of $141.5 million as of December 31, 2022.

7. Leases

The components of lease expense are as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Operating lease cost	$	2,348	$	2,578
Finance lease cost	47		76
Short-term lease cost	1,931		1,525
Total lease expense	$	4,326	$	4,179

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows:

	Balance Sheet Location	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Operating Leases
Right-of-use assets, net	Other assets, net	$	25,711	$	26,372
Current liabilities	Accrued liabilities and other	6,537		7,421
Non-current liabilities	Other long-term liabilities	19,603		19,422
Total operating lease liabilities		$	26,140	$	26,843
Finance Leases
Right-of-use assets, net	Other assets, net	$	221	$	270
Current liabilities	Accrued liabilities and other	118		131
Non-current liabilities	Other long-term liabilities	112		139
Total finance lease liabilities		$	230	$	270

For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, cash payments on operating leases were $2.7 million and $2.0 million, respectively.

12

Anticipated future lease costs, which are based in part on certain assumptions to approximate minimum annual rental commitments under non-cancelable leases, are as follows:

	Operating		Financing		Total
Remainder of 2023	$	7,279	$	97	$	7,376
2024	5,873		89		5,962
2025	5,856		50		5,906
2026	4,599		2		4,601
2027	1,736		—		1,736
Thereafter	9,137		—		9,137
Total lease payments	$	34,480	$	238	$	34,718
Less: Imputed interest	(8,340)		(8)		(8,348)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	26,140	$	230	$	26,370

8. Income Taxes

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, we recorded a $3.3 million tax provision, or 27% effective tax rate for the period, compared to a $1.4 million tax provision, or 26% effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2022. Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 is based on an estimated annual effective tax rate, which requires management to make its best estimate of annual pretax income or loss. During the year, management regularly updates forecasted annual pretax results for the various countries in which the Company operates based on changes in factors such as prices, shipments, product mix, material inflation and manufacturing operations. To the extent that actual 2023 pretax results for U.S. and foreign income or loss vary from estimates, the actual income tax expense recognized in 2023 could be different from the forecasted amount used to estimate the income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, cash paid for taxes, net of refunds received were $2.0 million and $1.4 million, respectively.

9. Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefit Plans

The components of net periodic (benefit) cost related to pension and other post-retirement benefit plans is as follows:

	Non-U.S. Pension Plan
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Interest cost	347		215
Expected return on plan assets	(295)		(275)
Amortization of prior service cost	12		13
Recognized actuarial loss	185		164
Net cost	$	249	$	117

Net periodic (benefit) cost components, not inclusive of service costs, are recognized in other (income) expense within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

13

10. Performance Awards

The following table summarizes performance awards granted in the form of cash awards under the equity incentive plans: 

	Amount
Adjusted Award Value at December 31, 2022	$	2,188
New grants	—
Forfeitures	—
Adjustments	844
Payments	(1,159)
Adjusted Award Value at March 31, 2023	$	1,873

Unrecognized compensation expense was $5.0 million as of March 31, 2023.

11. Share-Based Compensation

The company's outstanding share-based compensation is comprised solely of restricted stock awards and performance stock awards to be settled in stock.

As of March 31, 2023, there was approximately $5.3 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements granted under our equity incentive plans. This expense is subject to future adjustments and forfeitures and will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the remaining period listed above for each grant.

A summary of the status of our restricted stock awards as of March 31, 2023 and changes during the three months ended March 31, 2023 are presented below: 

	2023
	Shares (in thousands)	Weighted- Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Nonvested - December 31, 2022	383	$	7.68
Granted	233	6.98
Vested	(274)	7.28
Forfeited	(1)	8.45
Nonvested - March 31, 2023	341	$	7.52

As of March 31, 2023, a total of 2.1 million shares were available for future grants from the shares authorized for award under our 2020 EIP, including cumulative forfeitures.

12. Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock — Our authorized capital stock consists of 60,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.01 per share, of which, 32,991,468 and 32,826,852 shares were issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Preferred Stock — Our authorized capital stock also consists of 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.01 per share, with no preferred shares outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Basic earnings (loss) per share is determined by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings (loss) per share presented is determined by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares and potential common shares outstanding during the period as determined by the treasury stock method. Potential common shares are included in the diluted earnings per share calculation when dilutive.

14

Diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 includes the effect of potential common shares issuable when dilutive, and is as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Net income	$	8,700	$	3,982
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding (in '000s)	32,868		32,065
Dilutive effect of restricted stock grants after application of the Treasury Stock Method (in '000s)	314		620
Dilutive shares outstanding	33,182		32,685
Basic earnings per share	$	0.26	$	0.12
Diluted earnings per share	$	0.26	$	0.12

There were 134 thousand outstanding restricted shares awarded that were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2023 as the effect would have been antidilutive and no outstanding restricted shares awarded that were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

13. Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The after-tax changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows: 

	Foreign currency translation adjustment		Pension and post-retirement benefits plans		Derivative instruments		Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Balance - December 31, 2022	$	(24,811)	$	(11,512)	4,773		$	(31,550)
Net current period change	2,557		140				2,697
Derivative instruments	—				1,343		1,343
Balance - March 31, 2023	$	(22,254)	$	(11,372)	$	6,116	$	(27,510)

	Foreign currency translation adjustment		Pension and post-retirement benefit plans		Derivative instruments		Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Balance - December 31, 2021	$	(20,445)	$	(22,750)	$	757	$	(42,438)
Net current period change	327		(29)		—		298
Derivative instruments	—		—		2,814		2,814
Balance - March 31, 2022	$	(20,118)	$	(22,779)	$	3,571	$	(39,326)

The related tax effects allocated to each component of other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Before Tax Amount		Tax Expense		After Tax Amount
Cumulative translation adjustment	2,557		—		2,557
Amortization of actuarial losses	$	137	$	3	$	140
Derivative instruments	1,815		(472)		1,343
Total other comprehensive income	$	4,509	$	(469)	$	4,040

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Before Tax Amount		Tax Expense		After Tax  Amount
Cumulative translation adjustment	327		—		327
Amortization of actuarial gains	$	1	$	(30)	$	(29)
Derivative instruments	3,752		(938)		2,814
Total other comprehensive income	$	4,080	$	(968)	$	3,112

15

14. Cost Reduction and Manufacturing Capacity Rationalization

The Company's restructuring program includes aligning cost structure to support margin expansion. The program includes workforce reductions and footprint optimization across segments.

The changes in accrued restructuring balances are as follows: 

	Vehicle Solutions		Electrical Systems				Aftermarket & Accessories		Industrial Automation		Corporate/ Other		Total
December 31, 2022	$	(5)	$	—			$	—	$	458	$	—	$	453
New charges	83		8				—		622		—		713
Payments and other adjustments	(78)		(8)				—		(369)		—		(455)
March 31, 2023	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	711	$	—	$	711

	Vehicle Solutions		Electrical Systems		Aftermarket & Accessories		Industrial Automation		Corporate/ Other		Total
December 31, 2021	$	230	$	417	$	—	$	—	$	(161)	$	486
New charges	204		—		435		350		—		989
Payments and other adjustments	(309)		(417)		(435)		(353)		422		(1,092)
March 31, 2022	$	125	$	—	$	—	$	(3)	$	261	$	383

Of the $0.7 million costs incurred in the three months ended March 31, 2023 for restructuring, $0.5 million related to facility exit and other costs and $0.2 million related to headcount reductions were recorded in cost of revenues. Of the $0.7 million costs incurred in the three months ended March 31, 2023 for restructuring, $0.6 million primarily related to the Industrial Automation segment and were recorded in Cost of revenues in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

15. Commitments and Contingencies

Leases - As disclosed in Note 7, Leases, we lease office, warehouse and manufacturing space and equipment under non-cancelable operating lease agreements that generally require us to pay maintenance, insurance, taxes and other expenses in addition to annual rental fees. As of March 31, 2023, our equipment leases did not provide for any material guarantee of a specified portion of residual values.

Guarantees - Costs associated with guarantees are accrued when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The most likely cost to be incurred is accrued based on an evaluation of available facts; where no amount within a range of estimates is more likely, the minimum is accrued. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had no such guarantees.

Litigation - We are subject to various legal proceedings and claims arising in the ordinary course of business, including but not limited to product liability claims, customer and supplier disputes, service provider disputes, examinations by taxing authorities, employment disputes, workers’ compensation claims, unfair labor practice charges, OSHA investigations, intellectual property disputes and environmental claims arising out of the conduct of our businesses.

Management believes that the Company maintains adequate insurance and that we have established reserves for issues that are probable and estimable in amounts that are adequate to cover reasonable adverse judgments not covered by insurance. Based upon the information available to management and discussions with legal counsel, it is the opinion of management that the ultimate outcome of the various legal actions and claims that are incidental to our business are not expected to have a material adverse impact on the consolidated financial position, results of operations, equity or cash flows; however, such matters are subject to many uncertainties and the outcomes of individual matters are not predictable with any degree of assurance.

Warranty - We are subject to warranty claims for products that fail to perform as expected due to design or manufacturing deficiencies. Depending on the terms under which we supply products to our customers, a customer may hold us responsible for some or all of the repair or replacement costs of defective products when the product supplied did not perform as represented. Our policy is to record provisions for estimated future customer warranty costs based on historical trends and for specific claims. These amounts, as they relate to the periods ended March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, are included within accrued liabilities and other in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

16

The following presents a summary of the warranty provision for the three months ended March 31, 2023:

Balance - December 31, 2022	$	1,433
Provision for warranty claims	393
Deduction for payments made and other adjustments	(227)
Balance - March 31, 2023	$	1,599

Debt Payments - As disclosed in Note 4, Debt, the Credit Agreement requires the Company to repay a fixed amount of principal on a quarterly basis and make voluntary prepayments that coincide with certain events.

The following table provides future minimum principal payments due on long-term debt for the next five years. The existing long-term debt agreement matures in 2027; no payments are due thereafter:

	Total
Remainder of 2023	$	8,750
2024	$	15,313
2025	$	19,688
2026	$	24,063
2027	$	93,498
Thereafter	$	—

16. Segment Reporting

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise that are evaluated regularly by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), which is our President and Chief Executive Officer. Each of these segments consists of a number of manufacturing facilities. Certain of our facilities manufacture and sell products through multiple segments. Our segments are more specifically described below.

The Vehicle Solutions segment designs, manufactures and sells the following products:

•Commercial vehicle seats for the global commercial vehicle markets including heavy duty trucks, medium duty trucks, last mile delivery trucks and vans, construction and agriculture equipment in North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific. This segment includes a portion of the company’s activities in the electric vehicle market.

•Plastic components ("Trim") primarily for the North America commercial vehicle market and power sports markets; and Cab structures for the North American medium-duty/heavy-duty ("MD/HD") truck market.

The Electrical Systems segment designs, manufactures and sells the following products:

•Cable and harness assemblies for both high and low voltage applications, control boxes, dashboard assemblies and design and engineering for these applications.

•The end markets for these products are construction, agricultural, warehouse, automotive (both internal combustion and electric vehicles), truck, mining, rail and the military/ defense industries in North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific.

The Aftermarket & Accessories segment designs, manufactures and sells the following products:

•Seats and components sold into the commercial vehicle channels that provide repair and refurbishing. These channels include Original Equipment Service ("OES") centers and retail distributors, and are spread across North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific.

•Commercial vehicle accessories including wipers, mirrors, and sensors. These products are sold both as Original Equipment and as repair products.

•Office seats primarily sold into the commercial and home office furniture distribution channels in Europe and Asia-Pacific.

The Industrial Automation segment designs, manufactures and sells the following products:

•Warehouse automation subsystems including control panels, electro-mechanical assemblies, cable assemblies, and power and communication solutions.

•The end markets for these products primarily include e-commerce, warehouse integration, transportation and the military/defense industry.

17

Corporate expenses consist of certain overhead and shared costs that are not directly attributable to the operations of a segment. For purposes of business segment performance measurement, some of these costs that are for the benefit of the operations are allocated based on a combination of methodologies. The costs that are not allocated to a segment are considered stewardship costs and remain at corporate in our segment reporting

The following tables present financial information for the Company's reportable segments for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Vehicle Solutions		Electrical Systems		Aftermarket & Accessories		Industrial Automation		Corporate/Other		Total
Revenues	$	160,584	$	54,749	$	37,629	$	9,747	$	—	$	262,709
Gross profit	19,471		8,297		7,227		214		$	—	35,209
Selling, general & administrative expenses	6,077		2,227		1,650		1,076		$	9,535	20,565
Operating income	$	13,394	$	6,070	$	5,577	$	(862)	$	(9,535)	$	14,644

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Vehicle Solutions		Electrical Systems		Aftermarket & Accessories		Industrial Automation		Corporate/Other		Total
Revenues	$	140,157	$	39,876	$	30,215	$	34,126	$	—	$	244,374
Gross profit	12,907		3,401		4,086		4,991		(2)		25,383
Selling, general & administrative expenses	6,588		1,640		1,465		1,324		5,982		16,999
Operating income	$	6,319	$	1,761	$	2,621	$	3,667	$	(5,984)	$	8,384

17. Other Financial Information

Items reported in inventories consisted of the following: 

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Raw materials	$	103,506	$	108,417
Work in process	18,045		17,757
Finished goods	18,002		16,368
Total Inventory	$	139,553	$	142,542

Items reported in property, plant, and equipment, net consisted of the following:

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Land and buildings	$	32,599	$	32,267
Machinery and equipment	214,324		212,352
Construction in progress	5,548		7,317
Property, plant, and equipment, gross	252,471		251,936
Less accumulated depreciation	(183,532)		(184,131)
Property, plant and equipment, net	$	68,939	$	67,805

Items reported in accrued expenses and other liabilities consisted of the following:

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Compensation and benefits	$	16,822	$	13,370
Taxes payable	9,426		5,092
Operating lease liabilities	6,537		7,421
Accrued freight	4,298		4,225
Warranty costs	1,599		1,433
Other	8,658		11,268
	$	47,340	$	42,809

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ITEM 2 – MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The discussion and analysis below describe material changes in financial condition and results of operations as reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our 2022 Form 10-K.

Business Overview

CVG is a global provider of systems, assemblies and components to the global commercial vehicle market, the electric vehicle market, and the industrial automation markets. We deliver real solutions to complex design, engineering and manufacturing problems while creating positive change for our customers, industries, and communities we serve.

We have manufacturing operations in the United States, Mexico, China, United Kingdom, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Thailand, India, Australia and Morocco. Our products are primarily sold in North America, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific region.

We primarily manufacture customized products to meet the requirements of our customer. We believe our products are used by a majority of the North American Commercial Truck markets, many construction vehicle OEMs parts and service dealers distributors, as well as top e-commerce retailers.

Key Developments

During the quarter ended March 31, 2023, CVG established two new plant locations: one in Tangier, Morocco, and another in Aldama, Mexico. Both locations are expected to be large scale facilities and production is targeted for third quarter of 2023. These plants are a cornerstone in CVG's strategy of expanding its electrification systems business.

Consolidated Results of Operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

The table below sets forth certain consolidated operating data for the three months ended March 31 (dollars are in thousands):

	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Revenues	$	262,709	$	244,374	$	18,335	7.5%
Gross profit	35,209		25,383		9,826		38.7
Selling, general and administrative expenses	20,565		16,999		3,566		21.0
Other (income) expense	(202)		1,041		(1,243)		NM 1
Interest expense	2,890		1,961		929		47.4
Provision for income taxes	3,256		1,400		1,856		132.6
Net income	8,700		3,982		4,718		118.5

1.Not meaningful

Revenues. The increase in consolidated revenues resulted from:

•a $40.0 million, or 24.1%, increase in sales to OEM;

•a $21.9 million, or (69.2)%, decrease in industrial automation sales;

•a $0.4 million, or (1.0)%, decrease in aftermarket and OES sales; and

•a $0.7 million, or 20.1%, increase in other revenues.

First quarter 2023 revenues were unfavorably impacted by foreign currency exchange translation of $3.6 million, which is reflected in the change in revenues above. The increase in revenues was primarily driven by increased pricing to offset material cost increases and increased sales volume, offset by sales volume decreases in the Industrial Automation segment.

19

Gross Profit. Included in gross profit is cost of revenues, which consists primarily of raw materials and purchased components for our products, wages and benefits for our employees and overhead expenses such as manufacturing supplies, facility rent and utilities costs related to our operations. The $9.8 million increase in gross profit is primarily attributable to the increase in sales volume. Cost of revenues increased $8.5 million, or 3.9%, as a result of an increase in raw material and purchased component costs of $2.5 million, or 1.7%, and an increase in labor and overhead expenses of $6.0 million, or 8.1%. As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 13.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to 10.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A”) consist primarily of wages and benefits and other expenses such as marketing, travel, legal, audit, rent and utility costs which are not directly associated with the manufacturing of our products. SG&A expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased $3.6 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily as a result of higher incentive compensation expenses. As a percentage of revenues, SG&A expense was 7.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to 7.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Other (Income) Expense. Other expenses decreased $1.2 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2023 as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2022 due primarily to a favorable change in the fair value of foreign currency forward exchange contracts in 2023 versus an unfavorable change in the fair value of foreign currency forward exchange contracts in 2022.

Interest Expense. Interest associated with our debt, and other expense was $2.9 million and $2.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The increase in interest expense primarily related to higher interest rates on variable rate debt.

Provision for Income Taxes. An income tax provision of $3.3 million and $1.4 million were recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The period over period change in income tax was primarily attributable to a $6.6 million increase in pre-tax income versus the prior year period.

Net Income. Net income was $8.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $4.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase in net income is attributable to the factors noted above.

Segment Results

Vehicle Solutions Segment Results 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

The table below sets forth certain Vehicle Solutions Segment operating data for the three months ended March 31 (dollars are in thousands):

	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Revenues	$	160,584	$	140,157	$	20,427	14.6%
Gross profit	19,471		12,907		6,564		50.9
Selling, general & administrative expenses	6,077		6,588		(511)		(7.8)
Operating income	13,394		6,319		7,075		112.0

Revenues. The increase in Vehicle Solutions Segment revenues primarily resulted from increased sales volume and increased pricing to offset material cost increases.

Gross Profit. The increase in gross profit was primarily attributable to the increase in sales volume. Included in gross profit is cost of revenues, which increased $13.9 million, or 10.9%, as a result of an increase in raw material and purchased component costs of $10.1 million, or 11.8%, and an increase in labor and overhead expenses of $3.8 million, or 9.1%. 

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 12.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to 9.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2022, driven by lower startup costs, improved manufacturing efficiencies, increased pricing to offset material cost inflation and freight costs.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses.  SG&A expenses decreased $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to overhead reductions.

20

Electrical Systems Segment Results 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

The table below sets forth certain Electrical Systems Segment operating data for the three months ended March 31 (dollars are in thousands):

	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Revenues	$	54,749	$	39,876	$	14,873	37.3%
Gross profit	8,297		3,401		4,896		144.0
Selling, general & administrative expenses	2,227		1,640		587		35.8
Operating income	6,070		1,761		4,309		244.7

Revenues. The increase in Electrical Systems Segment revenues primarily resulted from volume, increased pricing to offset material cost pass-through and new business.

Gross Profit. The increase in gross profit was primarily attributable to the increase in sales volume. Included in gross profit is cost of revenues, which increased $10.0 million, or 27.4%, as a result of an increase in raw material and purchased component costs of $5.2 million, or 25.8%, and an increase in labor and overhead expenses of $4.8 million, or 29.4%.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 15.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to 8.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2022, driven by volume, increased pricing and manufacturing efficiencies.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses.  SG&A expenses increased $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, consistent with the prior year amount on a percent of sales basis.

Aftermarket & Accessories Segment Results 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

The table below sets forth certain Aftermarket & Accessories Segment operating data for the three months ended March 31 (dollars are in thousands):

	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Revenues	$	37,629	$	30,215	$	7,414	24.5%
Gross profit	7,227		4,086		3,141		76.9
Selling, general & administrative expenses	1,650		1,465		185		12.6
Operating income	5,577		2,621		2,956		112.8

Revenues. The increase in Aftermarket & Accessories Segment revenues primarily resulted from increased sales volume and increased pricing to offset material cost pass-through.

Gross Profit. The increase in gross profit is primarily attributable to the increase in sales volume. Included in gross profit is cost of revenues, which increased $4.3 million, or 16.4%, as a result of an increase in raw material and purchased component costs of $3.0 million, or 17.8%, and an increase in labor and overhead expenses of $1.3 million, or 14.0%.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 19.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to 13.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2022. This was primarily due to increased pricing offsetting moderating cost inflation.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. SG&A expenses increased $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022.

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Industrial Automation Segment Results 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

The table below sets forth certain Industrial Automation Segment operating data for the three months ended March 31 (dollars are in thousands):

	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Revenues	$	9,747	$	34,126	$	(24,379)	(71.4)%
Gross profit	214		4,991		(4,777)		(95.7)
Selling, general & administrative expenses	1,076		1,324		(248)		(18.7)
Operating income (loss)	(862)		3,667		(4,529)		NM 1

1.Not meaningful

Revenues. The modest decrease in Industrial Automation Segment revenues primarily resulted from lower sales volume due to decreased customer demand which was commensurate with market contraction.

Gross Profit. The decrease in gross profit is primarily attributable to lower sales volume. Included in gross profit is cost of revenues, which decreased $19.6 million, or 67.3%, as a result of a decrease in raw material and purchased component costs of $15.8 million, or 69.8%, and a decrease in labor and overhead expenses of $3.8 million, or 58.6%.

As a percentage of revenues, gross profit margin was 2.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to 14.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 due to volume reduction and restructuring expenses.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. SG&A expenses decreased $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily driven by overhead reduction.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of March 31, 2023, the Company had total liquidity of $188.0 million, including $41.5 million of cash and $146.5 million of availability from its US and China credit facilities.

Our primary sources of liquidity as of March 31, 2023 were cash reserves and availability under our credit facilities. We believe that these sources of liquidity will provide adequate funds for our working capital needs, capital expenditures and debt service throughout the next twelve months. However, no assurance can be given that this will be the case.

As of March 31, 2023, cash of $41.5 million was held by foreign subsidiaries. The Company had a $1.3 million deferred tax liability as of March 31, 2023 for the expected future income tax implications of repatriating cash from the foreign subsidiaries for which no indefinite reinvestment assertion has been made.

Covenants and Liquidity

On May 12, 2022, the Company entered into an amendment to increase its existing senior secured credit facilities to $325 million from $275 million consisting of a $175 million Term Loan A and a $150 million Revolving Credit Facility. The amendment provides the Company with additional capital flexibility to execute upon its transformation and growth initiatives. As part of the amended terms of the agreement, the maturity date of the Senior Secured Credit Facilities has been extended by twelve months to May 12, 2027, the interest rate decreased by 50 bps at various leverage ratios based on SOFR, and the maximum consolidated total leverage ratio increased from 3.25x to 3.75x until December 31, 2022 with a quarterly step down of 25 bps to 3.00x leverage by September 30, 2023 and the maximum consolidated total leverage ratio will remain at this level thereafter. Further, separate from the Company’s annual $35 million capital spending cap, a one-time $45 million capital project basket was included in the amendment. All other key provisions, including the $75 million accordion, acquisition holiday, and other baskets remain unchanged.

Our ability to comply with the covenants in the Credit Agreement, as discussed in Note 4, Debt, may be affected by economic or business conditions beyond our control. Based on our current forecast, we believe that we will be able to maintain compliance with the financial maintenance covenants and the fixed charge coverage ratio covenant and other covenants in the

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Credit Agreement for the next twelve months; however, no assurances can be given that we will be able to comply. We base our forecasts on historical experience, industry forecasts and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. If actual results are substantially different than our current forecast, we may not be able to comply with our financial covenants.

Sources and Uses of Cash

	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
	(In thousands)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	$	58	$	(21,398)
Net cash used in investing activities	(3,321)		(3,590)
Net cash provided by financing activities	12,377		28,406
Effect of currency exchange rate changes on cash	545		(168)
Net increase in cash	$	9,659	$	3,250

Operating activities. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, net cash provided by operating activities was $0.1 million compared to net cash used in operating activities of $21.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. Net cash provided by operating activities is primarily attributable to a smaller increase in working capital for the three months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Investing activities. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, net cash used in investing activities was mainly due to capital expenditures and was $3.3 million compared to $3.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. In 2023, we expect capital expenditures to be in the range of $20 million to $25 million.

Financing activities. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, net cash provided by financing activities was $12.4 million compared to $28.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. Net cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 is attributable to borrowings under the revolving credit facility to fund the working capital increase.

Debt and Credit Facilities

The debt and credit facilities descriptions in Note 4, Debt are incorporated in this section by reference.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). For a comprehensive discussion of our significant accounting policies, see "Note 1. Significant Accounting Policies", to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 in our 2022 Form 10-K.

Critical accounting estimates are those that are most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results. These estimates require management's most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to estimate matters that are inherently uncertain. We review the development, selection, and disclosure of our critical accounting estimates with the Audit Committee of our board of directors. For information about critical accounting estimates, see Critical Accounting Estimates in "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our 2022 Form 10-K. At March 31, 2023, there have been no material changes to our critical accounting estimates from those disclosed in our 2022 Form 10-K.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarter Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. For this purpose, any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact, including without limitation, certain statements under “Item 2 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and located elsewhere herein regarding industry outlook, the Company’s expectations for future periods with respect to its plans to improve financial results, the future of the Company’s end markets, including the short-term and long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business and the global supply chain, changes in the Class 8 and Class 5-7 North America truck build rates, performance of the global construction equipment business, the Company’s prospects in the wire harness, warehouse automation and electric

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vehicle markets, the Company’s initiatives to address customer needs, organic growth, the Company’s strategic plans and plans to focus on certain segments, competition faced by the Company, volatility in and disruption to the global economic environment, including inflation and labor shortages, financial covenant compliance, anticipated effects of acquisitions, production of new products, plans for capital expenditures and our results of operations or financial position and liquidity, may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. Without limiting the foregoing, the words “believe”, “anticipate”, “plan”, “expect”, “intend”, “will”, “should”, “could”, “would”, “project”, “continue”, “likely”, and similar expressions, as they relate to us, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. The important factors discussed in “Item 1A - Risk Factors”, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by forward-looking statements made herein and presented elsewhere by management from time to time. Such forward-looking statements represent management’s current expectations and are inherently uncertain. Investors are warned that actual results may differ from management’s expectations. Additionally, various economic and competitive factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in such forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, factors which are outside our control.

Any forward-looking statement that we make in this report speaks only as of the date of such statement, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement or to publicly announce the results of any revision to any of those statements to reflect future events or developments. Comparisons of results for current and any prior periods are not intended to express any future trends or indications of future performance, unless specifically expressed as such, and should only be viewed as historical data.

ITEM 3 – QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

For information relating to quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk, see the discussion under "Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" in our 2022 Form 10-K. As of March 31, 2023, there have been no material changes in our exposure to market risk from those disclosed in our 2022 Form 10-K.

ITEM 4 – CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Our senior management is responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.

We evaluated, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2023. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2023 to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There were no changes during the quarter ended March 31, 2023 in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls. Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. The design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Further, because of the inherent limitations in control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of error or mistake. Controls also can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Projections of any evaluation of controls effectiveness to future periods are subject to risks. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1         Legal Proceedings

We are subject to various legal proceedings and claims arising in the ordinary course of business, including, but not limited to, product liability claims, customer and supplier disputes, service provider disputes, examinations by taxing authorities, employment disputes, workers’ compensation claims, unfair labor practice charges, OSHA investigations, intellectual property disputes and environmental claims arising out of the conduct of our businesses. Based upon the information available to management and discussions with legal counsel, it is the opinion of management that the ultimate outcome of the various legal actions and claims that are incidental to our business are not expected to have a material adverse impact on the consolidated financial position, results of operations, stockholders' equity or cash flows; however, such matters are subject to many uncertainties and the outcomes of individual matters are not predictable with any degree of assurance.

ITEM 1A     Risk Factors

You should carefully consider the information in this Form 10-Q, the risk factors discussed in "Risk Factors" and other risks discussed in our 2022 Form 10-K and our filings with the SEC since December 31, 2022. These risks could materially and adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity and cash flows. Our business also could be affected by risks that we are not presently aware of or that we currently consider immaterial to our operations.

ITEM 2         Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

We did not sell any equity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2023 that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. We did not repurchase any equity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

ITEM 3        Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

ITEM 4        Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

ITEM 5        Other Information

Not applicable.

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ITEM 6    Exhibits

3.1	Amended and Restated Bylaws of Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc., effective February 1, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 2, 2023).
10.1*	Restricted Stock Agreement between Harold C. Bevis and Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. dated as of March 31, 2023
10.2*	Performance Award Agreement (ROIC cash) between Harold C. Bevis and Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. dated as of March 31, 2023.
10.3*	Performance Award Agreement (ROIC stock) between Harold C. Bevis and Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. dated as of March 31, 2023.
10.4*	Performance Award Agreement (TSR cash) between Harold C. Bevis and Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. dated as of March 31, 2023.
10.5*	Performance Award Agreement (TSR stock) between Harold C. Bevis and Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. dated as of March 31, 2023.
10.6*	Form of Restricted Stock Agreement pursuant to Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. 2020 Equity Incentive Plan.
10.7*	Form of Performance Award Agreement (ROIC stock to cash) pursuant to Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. 2020 Equity Incentive Plan.
10.8*	Form of Performance Award Agreement (TSR stock to cash) pursuant to Commercial Vehicle Group, Inc. 2020 Equity Incentive Plan.
31.1	302 Certification by Harold C. Bevis, President and Chief Executive Officer.
31.2	302 Certification by Andy Cheung, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer.
32.1	Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2	Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101	Interactive Data Files

* Management contract or compensatory arrangement.

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

		COMMERCIAL VEHICLE GROUP, INC.
Date:	May 2, 2023	By	/s/ Andy Cheung
			Chung Kin Cheung ("Andy Cheung")
			Chief Financial Officer
			(Principal Financial Officer)

Date:	May 2, 2023	By	/s/ Angela M. O'Leary
			Angela M. O'Leary
			Chief Accounting Officer
			(Principal Accounting Officer)

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