Exhibit 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statement No. 333-205693 on Form S-8 of our report dated March 3, 2016, relating to the consolidated financial statements of ProNAi Therapeutics, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2015.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Detroit, Michigan

March 3, 2016