POWER OF ATTORNEY

	For Executing Forms 3, 4 and 5

Know all by these present, that the undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints
each
Gifford R. Zimmerman, Larry W. Martin, Kevin J. McCarthy, Mary E. Keefe,
Christopher M. Rohrbacher and Mark L. Winget, his/her true and lawful
attorney-in-fact to:

(1)		execute for and on behalf of the undersigned Forms 3, 4 and 5
(and any amendments thereto) in connection with the Nuveen Investments
Closed-End Exchange Traded Funds and in accordance with the requirements of
Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 30(f) of the
Investment Company Act of 1940 and the rules thereunder;

(2)		do and perform any and all acts for and on behalf of the
undersigned which may be necessary or desirable in connection with the
execution and timely filing of any such Form 3, 4 and 5 (and any amendment
thereto) with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, the
New York Stock Exchange and any other authority; and

(3)		take any other action of any type whatsoever in connection
with the foregoing which, in the opinion of such attorney-in-fact, may be
of benefit to, in the best interest of, or legally required by, the undersigned,

it being understood that the documents executed by such attorney-in-fact on
behalf of the undersigned pursuant to this Power of Attorney shall be in such
form and shall contain such terms and conditions as such attorney-in-fact may
approve in his/her discretion.

The undersigned hereby grants to each such attorney-in-fact full power and
authority to do and perform each and every act and thing whatsoever requisite,
necessary and proper to be done in the exercise of any of the rights and powers
herein granted, as fully to all intents and purposes as such attorney-in-fact
might or could do if personally present, with the full power of substitute,
by virtue of this power of attorney and the rights and powers herein granted.
The undersigned acknowledges that the foregoing attorneys-in-fact, in serving
in such capacity at the request of the undersigned, are not assuming any of
the undersigned's responsibilities to comply with Section 16 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 30(f) of the
Investment Company Act of 1940.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has caused this Power of Attorney
to be executed as of this 17th_ day
of _May     2011_.


/s/ Scott C. Caraher
Signature

Scott C. Caraher
Print Name

STATE OF California	)
		)
COUNTY OF San Francisco	)


On this 17th  day of _  May        2011_, personally appeared before me,
a Notary Public in and for said County and State, the person named above
who is known to me to be the person whose name and signature is affixed
to the foregoing Power of Attorney and who acknowledged the same to be his
voluntary act and deed for the intent and purposes therein set forth.



/s/ Shirley Tom
Notary Public
My Commission Expires:  12/4/12