UNITED STATES

 SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

 Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2017
OR
o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to           

Commission file number: 001-34055

TIMBERLINE RESOURCES CORPORATION

 (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

DELAWARE	82-0291227
(State of other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
101 EAST LAKESIDE AVENUE
COEUR D’ALENE, IDAHO	83814
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	(Zip Code)

(208) 664-4859

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code)

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the past 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   x   Yes  o  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  xYes  o  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

Large Accelerated Filer   £	Accelerated Filer  £
Non-Accelerated Filer    £ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Small Reporting Company    S Emerging Growth Company  £

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  £

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act) o  Yes  x   No

Number of shares of issuer’s common stock outstanding at May 12, 2017: 33,146,952

1

INDEX

Page

2

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

TIMBERLINE RESOURCES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Contents

Page

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:

Consolidated balance sheets

4

Consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss)

5

Consolidated statements of cash flows

6

Notes to consolidated financial statements

7 - 13

3

TIMBERLINE RESOURCES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
		March 31, 2017		September 30, 2016
		(unaudited)		(audited)
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash	$	245,350	$	82,275
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		27,062		15,237
Accounts receivable		2,633		-
Available-for-sale equity securities		272,736		420,000
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS		547,781		517,512
PROPERTY, MINERAL RIGHTS AND EQUIPMENT, net		17,013,719		15,482,719
OTHER ASSETS:
Restricted cash		314,982		694,157
Deposits and other assets		9,750		9,750
TOTAL OTHER ASSETS		324,732		703,907
TOTAL ASSETS	$	17,886,232	$	16,704,138
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable	$	55,682	$	53,665
Accrued expenses		250,850		299,000
Accrued payroll, benefits and taxes		31,385		21,750
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES		337,917		374,415
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES:
Common stock payable (Note 5)		480,000		-
Unit subscriptions		100,000		-
Asset retirement obligation		149,254		145,656
TOTAL LONG-TERM LIABILITIES		729,254		145,656
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Notes 5 and 10)		-		-
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized,       none issued and outstanding		-		-
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized,       30,261,952 and 24,106,952 shares issued and outstanding, respectively		30,262		24,107
Additional paid-in capital		69,472,303		67,924,709
Accumulated deficit		(52,751,018)		(51,892,864)
Accumulated other comprehensive income:
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale equity securities, net of tax		67,515		128,115
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY		16,819,061		16,184,067
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	$	17,886,232	$	16,704,138

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

4

TIMBERLINE RESOURCES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (UNAUDITED)
		Three months ended				Six months ended
		March 31,				March 31,
		2017		2016		2017		2016
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Mineral exploration	$	36,392	$	7,276	$	82,120	$	145,963
Salaries and benefits		109,400		98,109		185,934		602,144
Professional fees		46,425		62,089		138,240		168,133
Insurance expense (refund)		23,517		(13,634)		43,643		9,137
Gain on equipment exchanged for services		-		(25,644)		-		(25,644)
Gain on disposal of equipment		-		-		(2,500)		-
Loss on sale of investment in joint venture		-		180,050		-		180,050
Other general and administrative		328,032		108,929		401,118		145,452
TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES		543,766		417,175		848,555		1,225,235
LOSS FROM OPERATIONS		(543,766)		(417,175)		(848,555)		(1,225,235)
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):
Foreign exchange gain (loss)		123		4,598		(798)		4,690
Gain on sale of available-for-sale securities		23,826		-		23,826		-
Miscellaneous other income		2		-		5		24,049
TOTAL OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)		23,951		4,598		23,033		28,739
LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAXES		(519,815)		(412,577)		(825,522)		(1,196,496)
INCOME TAX PROVISION (BENEFIT)		11,632		-		32,632		-
NET LOSS		(531,447)		(412,577)		(858,154)		(1,196,496)
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS):
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale equity
securities, net of tax		-		47,100		(39,000)		47,100
Reclassification of (gain) on available-for-sale
securities sold		(21,601)		-		(21,601)		-
TOTAL OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)		(21,601)		47,100		(60,601)		47,100
COMPREHENSIVE LOSS	$	(553,048)	$	(365,477)	$	(918,755)	$	(1,149,396)
NET LOSS PER SHARE AVAILABLE TO COMMON
STOCKHOLDERS, BASIC AND DILUTED	$	(0.02)	$	(0.03)	$	(0.04)	$	(0.09)
WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF COMMON
SHARES OUTSTANDING, BASIC AND DILUTED		25,244,952		13,547,055		24,669,699		13,438,912

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

5

TIMBERLINE RESOURCES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
		Six Months Ended March 31,
		2017		2016
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net loss	$	(858,154)	$	(1,196,496)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		-		1,981
Deferred income tax provision		32,632		-
Gain on disposal of equipment		(2,500)		-
Stock-based compensation		15,000		351,967
Accretion of asset retirement obligation		3,598		3,426
Gain on sale of available-for-sale securities		(23,826)		-
Equipment exchanged for services		-		29,603
Gain on equipment exchanged for services		-		(25,644)
Loss on sale of investment in joint venture		-		180,050
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(11,824)		(134)
Accounts receivable		(2,633)		-
Joint venture receivable		-		5,761
Accounts payable		2,017		25,062
Accrued expenses		(48,150)		(59,548)
Accrued payroll, benefits and taxes		9,634		(4,691)
Net cash used by operating activities		(884,206)		(688,663)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of property, mineral rights and equipment		(1,051,000)		(68,000)
Proceeds from disposal of equipment		2,500		-
Proceeds from sale of available-for-sale securities		77,856		-
Proceeds from sale of investment in joint venture		-		225,000
Refund of reclamation and road use bonds		379,175		85,005
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities		(591,469)		242,005
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from issuance of units, net		1,538,750		-
Proceeds from subscription agreements		100,000		-
Net cash provided by financing activities		1,638,750		-
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		163,075		(446,658)
CASH AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD		82,275		500,965
CASH AT END OF PERIOD	$	245,350	$	54,307
NON-CASH FINANCING AND INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Available-for-sale equity securities received for investment in joint venture		-		222,900
Common stock payable for mineral rights		480,000		-

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

6

TIMBERLINE RESOURCES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2017 (Unaudited)

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS:

Timberline Resources Corporation (“Timberline” or “the Company”, “we”, “us”, “our”) was incorporated in August of 1968 under the laws of the State of Idaho as Silver Crystal Mines, Inc., for the purpose of exploring for precious metal deposits and advancing them to production.  In 2008, we reincorporated into the State of Delaware pursuant to a merger agreement approved by our shareholders.

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:

a.

Basis of Presentation and Going Concern – The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information, as well as the instructions to Form 10-Q. Accordingly, the financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements. In the opinion of our management, all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the interim financial statements have been included. Operating results for the three and six month periods ended March 31, 2017 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year ending September 30, 2017.  All amounts presented are in U.S. dollars.  For further information refer to the financial statements and footnotes thereto in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2016.

The consolidated financial statements for the three and six month periods ended March 31, 2017 were prepared on the basis that the Company is a going concern, which contemplates the realization of its assets and the settlement of its liabilities in the normal course of operations. These financial statements do not reflect adjustments that would be necessary if the going concern assumption were not appropriate.  The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to receive cash flow from its operations or to successfully obtain additional financing. While the Company has been successful in the past in obtaining financing, there is no assurance that it will be able to obtain adequate financing in the future or that such financing will be on terms acceptable to the Company.  These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

b.

Net Income (Loss) per Share – Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed as net income (loss) divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur from common shares issuable through stock options, warrants, and other convertible securities.

The dilutive effect of convertible and outstanding securities, in periods of future income as of March 31, 2017 and 2016, would be as follows:

	2017	2016
Stock options	2,297,085	450,945
Warrants	16,155,006	12,500
Total possible dilution	18,452,091	463,445

At March 31, 2017 and 2016, the effect of the Company’s outstanding options and common stock equivalents would have been anti-dilutive.  

c.

Asset retirement obligation – We account for asset retirement obligations by following the uniform methodology for accounting for estimated reclamation and abandonment costs as prescribed by authoritative accounting guidance.  This guidance provides that the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation (“ARO”) will be recognized in the period in which it is incurred if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. The ARO is capitalized as part of the carrying value of the assets to which it is associated and depreciated over the useful life of the asset. Adjustments are made to the liability for changes resulting from passage of time and changes to either the timing or amount of the original present value estimate underlying the obligation. We have an ARO associated with our exploration program at the Lookout Mountain exploration project.

7

TIMBERLINE RESOURCES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2017 (Unaudited)

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued):

d.

Available-for-sale equity securities – Available-for-sale equity securities are recorded at fair value.  Unrealized gains and losses relating to equity securities classified as available-for-sale are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity unless an other-than-temporary impairment in value has occurred, in which case such accumulated loss would be charged to current period net income (loss).  Unrealized gain and losses originally included in accumulated other comprehensive income are reclassified to the current period net income (loss) when the sale or determination of other-than-temporary-impairment of securities occurs.  Realized gains and losses on the sale of securities are recognized on a specific identification basis.

NOTE 3 – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS:

The table below sets forth our financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis and the fair value calculation input hierarchy level that we have determined applies to each asset and liability category.

		March 31,   2017	September 30, 2016		Input Hierarchy Level
Assets:
Cash	$	245,350	$	82,275		Level 1
Restricted cash		314,982		694,157		Level 1
Available-for-sale equity securities		272,736		420,000		Level 1

NOTE 4 – RESTRICTED CASH:

Cash that is restricted as to withdrawal or use under the terms of certain contractual arrangements, generally with regulatory agencies, is recorded in Other Assets as Restricted cash on our balance sheet.  

During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and the six months ended March 31, 2017, we received $4,050 and $379,175, respectively, as the result of partial reductions of the required reclamation bond amount projects in Nevada due to non-use and reclamation of land.  Pursuant to our request, the Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”) inspected the projects and authorized the return of the unobligated portion of our reclamation bonds due to completed reclamation and less acres being disturbed than the acreage for which the bond had been required.  Because the bond return for our Eureka project was for undisturbed land, there is no impact on our asset retirement obligation liability.    

NOTE 5 – PROPERTY OPTION AGREEMENT:

On March 12, 2015 (the “Effective Date”), we entered into a property option agreement (“Agreement”) with Gunpoint Exploration Ltd. (“Gunpoint”), which closed on March 31, 2015 and was amended on October 19, 2016 (“Amended Agreement”).  Pursuant to the Agreement, Gunpoint granted us an exclusive and irrevocable option (“Option”) to purchase a 100% interest in Gunpoint’s Talapoosa project (the “Project”) in western Nevada.  We acquired the right to exercise the Option at any time beginning on March 31, 2015 and ending within thirty (30) months of March 12, 2015, unless sooner terminated (“Option Period”).  Pursuant to the Amended Agreement, we have the right to exercise the Option through March 31, 2019 (“Amended Option Period”), subject to certain interim payments and cumulative project expenditures.    

As consideration for the Option, we issued two million (2,000,000) shares of common stock and paid $300,000 in cash.  The common stock was valued at fair value on the Effective Date and combined with the cash payments of $300,000 for total consideration of $1,500,000.  The common stock was issued on March 31, 2015 into escrow with periodic releases to Gunpoint.  The shares are irrevocable and were released to Gunpoint as follows:  25% on September 12, 2015; 25% on March 12, 2016; 25% on September 12, 2016; and 25% on March 12, 2017.  Gunpoint will retain the total of 2,000,000 shares even if we do not exercise the Option.  

8

TIMBERLINE RESOURCES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2017 (Unaudited)

NOTE 5 – PROPERTY OPTION AGREEMENT (continued):

Pursuant to the Amended Agreement, during the Amended Option Period, we are required to make the following expenditures and stock issuances in order to retain the Option:

·

Payment of $1 million and issuance of one million common shares of the Company by March 31, 2017 (completed);

·

Payment of $2 million and issuance of one million common shares of the Company by March 31, 2018;

·

Cumulative project expenditures of a minimum of $7.5 million by December 31, 2018;

·

Final payment of $8 million and issuance of 1.5 million common shares of the Company by March 31, 2019.

Upon the date that Gunpoint receives all of the required payments and stock issuances (the “Closing Date”), we will have earned a 100% interest in the Project.

For a period of five years following the Closing Date (“Contingent Payment Period”), should the daily price of gold (as determined by the London PM Fix) average greater than or equal to $1,600 per ounce over any 90-day period (“Trigger Event”), we will pay Gunpoint an additional payment of $10 million (the “Contingent Payment”), of which a minimum of $5 million will be payable within six months of the Trigger Event and the remaining $5 million payable within twelve months of the Trigger Event.  The Contingent Payment is payable with 50% in cash and 50% in common shares of the Company, at our sole discretion,

Following our exercise of the Option, effective as of the Closing Date, Gunpoint reserves a one-percent (1%) net smelter returns royalty in all minerals mined and removed from the Project (the “Royalty”).  The Company’s option granted in the Agreement to purchase the Royalty from Gunpoint at any time for a cash payment of $3 million was eliminated in the Amended Agreement.

During the three months ended March 31, 2017, we paid the $1 million cash payment that was due on March 31, 2017, and we initiated the issuance of the one million common shares due on March 31, 2017.  As of March 31, 2017, the TSX Venture Exchange had not approved the issuance of the shares, but the issuance was approved and the shares were issued in April 2017.

Common Stock Payable

At March 31, 2017, we owed one million of our common shares to Gunpoint pursuant to the Amended Agreement.  Management determined the best measure of the fair value of the common shares to be the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the OTCQB market as of March 31, 2017, which was $0.48 per share.  Accordingly, $480,000 was recorded as an increase to property, mineral rights, and equipment, net and was accrued as common stock payable.

NOTE 6 – AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE EQUITY SECURITIES:

As of March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016, available-for-sale equity securities were comprised of 2,272,800 and 3,000,000 shares of common stock, respectively, in New Jersey Mining Company (“NJMC”) (the “NJMC Shares”) that we received in January 2016 as partial consideration of the sale of our 50% interest in Butte Highlands JV, LLC.  Management has determined the best measure of NJMC fair value to be the closing price of NJMC common stock on the OTCQB market as of March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016, which was $0.12 and $0.14 per share, respectively.  During the three-month period ended March 31, 2017, we sold 727,200 common shares of NJMC and realized a gain on the sale of available-for-sale securities of $23,826.  The following table summarizes the Company’s available-for-sale equity securities:  

	March 31,	September 30,
	2017	2016
Shares	2,272,800	3,000,000
Cost	$     168,869	$     222,900
Unrealized Gain	103,867	197,100
Fair Value	$     272,736	$     420,000

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TIMBERLINE RESOURCES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2017 (Unaudited)

NOTE 7 – ACCRUED EXPENSES:

As of March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016,, we had accrued $250,850 and $299,000 in expenses, respectively, including $250,000 in costs recognized as financing transaction expense during the year ended September 30, 2015 as a result of a potential corporate transaction that was not completed.  The components of these accrued expenses are:   

Description	March 31, 2017	September 30, 2016
Break fee for terminated transaction	$         250,000	$       250,000
Other expenses	850	49,000
Total accrued expenses	$         250,850	$       299,000

NOTE 8 – COMMON STOCK, WARRANTS AND PREFERRED STOCK:

Private Placement

On January 13, 2017, we initiated a $1,250,000 private placement offering of Units of the Company at a price of $0.25 per Unit, with an over-allotment option to increase the offering by up to 20%, solely to persons who qualify as accredited investors (the "Offering").  The Offering was subsequently increased to total $2,000,000.

Each Unit in the Offering consisted of one share of common stock of the Company and one common share purchase warrant (each a “Warrant”), with each Warrant exercisable to acquire an additional share of common stock of the Company at a price of $0.40 per share until the warrant expiration date of January 31, 2020.  The Company may accelerate the warrant expiration date, if the price of the Company’s common stock closes at or above $0.90 for twenty consecutive trading days.

During the three months ended March 31, 2017, we closed the sale of two tranches of the Offering.  In these two tranches, we sold a total of 6,155,000 Units at a price of $0.25 per unit for gross proceeds of $1,538,750.  

As of March 31, 2017, we had received cash and subscriptions for the sale of 400,000 Units at a price of $0.25 for a total of $100,000 that would close in the final tranche of the Offering in April, 2017.

In April 2017, we closed the sale of the third and final tranche of the Offering.  In this final tranche, we sold a total of 1,845,000 Units at a price of $0.25 per unit for gross proceeds of $461,250.

In the aggregate for this Offering that closed on April 12, 2017, we sold 8,000,000 Units consisting of 8,000,000 shares of common stock and 8,000,000 warrants to purchase one share of common stock for $0.40 until January 31, 2020, at a price of $0.25 per Unit for gross proceeds of $2,000,000.

Stock Issued for Stock Options

We did not issue any stock pursuant to the exercise of stock options or stock unit awards during the three months or the six months ended March 31, 2017.  

Warrants

During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, 6,155,000 and nil warrants were issued, respectively.  No warrants expired during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.  At March 31, 2017, there were 10,000,006 warrants outstanding with an exercise price of $0.25 per share that expire on May 31, 2019 and 6,155,000 warrants outstanding with an exercise price of $0.40 per share that expire on January 31, 2020.  In aggregate, as of March 31, 2017, there are 16,155,006 warrants outstanding at a weighted average exercise price of $0.31.

In April 2017, 1,845,000 warrants were issued with an exercise price of $0.40 per share that expire on January 31, 2020.   

10

TIMBERLINE RESOURCES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2017 (Unaudited)

NOTE 8 – COMMON STOCK, WARRANTS AND PREFERRED STOCK (continued):

Preferred Stock

We are authorized to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value. Our board of directors is authorized to issue the preferred stock from time to time in series, and is further authorized to establish such series, to fix and determine the variations in the relative rights and preferences as between series, to fix voting rights, if any, for each series, and to allow for the conversion of preferred stock into common stock.  There is no preferred stock issued as of March 31, 2017.

NOTE 9 – STOCK-BASED AWARDS:

During the six months ended March 31, 2017, 250,000 stock options with an exercise price of $0.33 and a five-year term were granted to a consultant company.  The options vest quarterly over a one-year period, including 25% of which (62,500 options) vested on the grant date.   The fair value of all of the options granted was $60,000 ($0.24 per option).  The fair value of the 62,500 options granted and vested during the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $15,000 and was classified as other general and administrative expense.  The value of the remaining 187,500 options is $45,000 and will be recognized evenly over the next three quarters as the options vest.  The value of the options was estimated on the date of grant with a Black-Scholes option-pricing model using the assumptions noted in the following table:

Expected volatility	128.2%
Stock price on date of grant	$0.33
Expected dividends	-
Expected term (in years)	3
Risk-free rate	1.68%
Expected forfeiture rate	0%

For the six months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, the total compensation cost of options and stock unit awards for employees was nil and $351,967, respectively.  These costs were classified under salaries and benefits expense.  

For the six months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, the total compensation cost of options for non-employees was $15,000 and nil, respectively.  These costs were classified under other general and administrative expense.

The following is a summary of our options issued under the Amended 2005 Equity Incentive Plan and the 2015 Stock and Incentive Plan:

		Options		Weighted  Average  Exercise Price
Outstanding at September 30, 2016			2,055,419	$	0.56
	Granted		250,000	$	0.33
	Exercised		-
	Expired		(8,334)	$	(6.48)
Outstanding at March 31, 2017			2,297,085	$	0.51
Exercisable at March 31, 2017			2,109,585	$	0.53
Weighted average fair value of options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2017				$	0.24
Average remaining contractual term of options outstanding and exercisable at March 31, 2017 (years)					3.95

The aggregate of options exercisable as of March 31, 2017 had an intrinsic value of $149,375, based on the closing price of $0.48 per share of our common stock on March 31, 2017.

11

TIMBERLINE RESOURCES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2017 (Unaudited)

NOTE 10 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES:

Mineral Exploration

A portion of our Lookout Mountain mineral claims are subject to a mining lease and agreement dated August 22, 2003 with Rocky Canyon Mining Company, as amended on June 1, 2008.  The lease term was extended to 20 years on June 1, 2008, and thereafter for as long as minerals are mined on the project.  Under this agreement, we are obligated to make monthly advance royalty payments of $72,000 per annum.  

A portion of our Eureka mineral claims are subject to two mining leases with purchase option agreements dated July 12, 2012 with Silver International, Inc.  The initial term of each of the agreements is ten years and may be extended for four additional periods of five years each.  Under these agreements, we are obligated to make annual advance royalty payments of $10,000 per annum.  

A portion of our Eureka mineral claims are subject to a mining claim lease agreement dated November 1, 2012 with four individuals.  The initial term of the agreement is five years and may be extended for an additional five years and annually as long as mining operations are being conducted on the property on a continuous basis.  Under this agreement, we are obligated to make annual advance royalty payments of $15,000 per year.  

A portion of the Talapoosa mineral claims is subject to a mining lease and option to purchase agreement dated June 21, 2011 with Nevada Bighorns Unlimited Foundation.  The initial term of the agreement is 20 years and may be extended for an additional 20 years and thereafter as long as minimum payments are being paid and exploration, development or mining activities are taking place.  Under this agreement, we are obligated to make annual minimum payments of $10.00 per acre ($12,800) through June 21, 2020, increasing by $5.00 per acre in 2021 and every five years thereafter, subject to a maximum annual payment of $30.00 per acre.  

A portion of the Talapoosa mineral claims are subject to a mining lease with option to purchase agreement dated June 2, 1997 with Sario Livestock Company.  The initial term of the agreement is 20 years and may be extended for an additional period of 20 years.  Under this agreement, we are obligated to make a minimum royalty payment of $9,600 per year.  If the lease agreement is extended beyond the initial 20-year term, the minimum royalty payments increase to $48,000 per year.

Another portion of the Talapoosa mineral claims is subject to a separate mining lease with option to purchase agreement with Sario Livestock Company dated September 11, 1989 and amended on July 13, 2010.  The term of the agreement, as amended, is until September 10, 2029, with no right to extend the agreement beyond that date.  Under this agreement, we are obligated to make a minimum royalty payment of $30,000 per year.

A portion of the Talapoosa mineral claims is subject to a mining lease dated July 14, 1990, as amended on August 25, 1998 and July 13, 2010, with Sierra Denali Minerals Inc.  The term of the agreement, as amended in July 2010, is 10 years and may be extended for two additional periods of five years each.  Under this amended agreement, we are obligated to make minimum payments of $35,000 per year.  

Pursuant to the Amended Option Agreement at Talapoosa (see Note 5), we had an obligation to make a payment of $1 million by March 31, 2017, which payment was made.  There are also future payment and property expenditure obligations of $17.5 million, including $2 million due by March 31, 2018.  

We pay federal and county claim maintenance fees on unpatented claims that are included in our mineral exploration properties.  Should we continue to explore all of our mineral properties we expect annual fees to total approximately $285,000 per year in the future.

While we recognize that we will not be able to meet these obligations with our current cash balances, we do expect to make these required payments with proceeds from expected capital raises.  We expect to obtain additional capital through refunds of excess restricted cash held for exploration bonds and financing transactions such as equity investments, asset sales, joint ventures, debt facilities, or other types of strategic arrangements.

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TIMBERLINE RESOURCES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2017 (Unaudited)

NOTE 10 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (continued):

Real Estate Lease Commitments

The Company has real estate lease commitments related to its facilities in Sparks, Nevada. As of March 31, 2017, lease obligations until the termination of the lease are $12,000.  The Company’s office in Coeur d’Alene, Idaho and its facility in Eureka, Nevada are rented on a month-to-month basis.

Total office lease and rental expense from continuing operations is included in the following line items in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss):

		Three months ended March 31,			Six months ended March 31,
		2017		2016		2017		2016
Mineral exploration expenses	$	12,900	$	15,000	$	25,800	$	31,050
Other general and administrative expenses		10,500		10,500		21,000		21,000
Total	$	23,400	$	25,500	$	46,800	$	52,050

Employment Agreements

There have been no recent interactions between the Company and its prior President and Chief Executive Officer regarding his dismissal and employment agreement.  No amounts have been accrued in the Company’s financial statements as of March 31, 2017 for severance benefits or claims as the Company is unable to estimate an amount, if any.

The Company has an employment agreement with an executive employee that requires certain termination benefits and payments in defined circumstances.

NOTE 11 –SUBSEQUENT EVENTS:

On April 20, 2017, we issued 40,000 common shares pursuant to the exercise of warrants sold in our 2016 private placement with an exercise price of $0.25 per share for total gross proceeds of $10,000.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements as at and for the three and six months ended March 31, 2017 and the related notes thereto, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements and forward-looking information that involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements and information as a result of many factors, including, but not limited to, those set forth elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. See section heading “Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” below.

Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the exhibits attached hereto contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the United States Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and “forward-looking information” within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities legislation, collectively “forward-looking statements.”  Such forward-looking statements concern our anticipated results and developments in our operations in future periods, planned exploration and development of our properties, plans related to our business and other matters that may occur in the future.  These statements relate to analyses and other information that are based on forecasts of future results, estimates of amounts not yet determinable and assumptions of management.  These statements include, but are not limited to, comments regarding:

· the establishment and estimates of mineralization and reserves;

· the grade of mineralization and reserves;

· anticipated expenditures and costs in our operations;

· planned exploration activities and the anticipated timing and outcomes of such exploration activities;

· planned production of technical reports, economic assessments, and feasibility studies on our properties;

· plans and anticipated timing for obtaining permits and licenses for our properties;

· expected future financing and its anticipated outcome;

· plans and anticipated timing regarding production dates;

· anticipated gold and silver prices;

· anticipated liquidity to meet expected operating costs and capital requirements;

· our ability to obtain financing to fund our estimated expenditure and capital requirements; and

· factors expected to impact our results of operations

Any statements that express or involve discussions with respect to predictions, expectations, beliefs, plans, projections, objectives, assumptions or future events or performance (often, but not always, using words or phrases such as “expects” or “does not expect”, “is expected”, “anticipates” or “does not anticipate”, “plans”, “estimates” or “intends”, or stating that certain actions, events or results “may”, “could”, “would”, “might” or “will” be taken, occur or be achieved) are not statements of historical fact and may be forward-looking statements.  Forward-looking statements are subject to a variety of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which could cause actual events or results to differ from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements, including, without limitation:

· risks related to our limited operating history;

· risks related to our ability to continue as a going concern;

· risks related to our history of losses and our expectation of continued losses;

· risks related to our properties being in the exploration or, if warranted, development stage;

· risks related to our bringing our projects into production;

· risks related to our mineral operations being subject to government and environmental regulations;

· risks related to future legislation and administrative changes to mining laws;

· risks related to future legislation regarding climate change

· risks related to our ability to obtain additional capital for exploration or to develop our reserves, if any;

· risks related to land reclamation requirements and costs;

· risks related to mineral exploration and development activities being inherently hazardous;

· risks related to our insurance coverage for operating risks;

· risks related to cost increases for our exploration and development projects;

· risks related to a shortage of skilled personnel, equipment, & supplies adversely affecting our ability to operate;

· risks related to mineral resource and economic estimates;

· risks related to the fluctuation of prices for precious and base metals, such as gold, silver and copper;

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· risks related to the competitive industry of mineral exploration;

· risks related to our title and rights in our mineral properties;

· risks related to integration issues with acquisitions;

· risks related to our common stock trading on the Over-the-Counter markets

· risks related to joint ventures and partnerships;

· risks related to potential conflicts of interest with our management;

· risks related to our dependence on key management;

· risks related to our Talapoosa Project, Lookout Mountain and other acquired growth projects;

· risks related to our business model;

· risks related to our acquisition of Wolfpack Gold (Nevada) Corp.;

· risks related to our acquisition and amendment of the Talapoosa option;

· risks related to evolving corporate governance standards for public companies;

· risks related to our Canadian regulatory requirements; and

· risks related to our shares of common stock or other securities.

This list is not exhaustive of the factors that may affect our forward-looking statements. Some of the important risks and uncertainties that could affect forward-looking statements are described further under the sections titled “Risk Factors”, “Description of Business” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2016, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on December 20, 2016.  Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, believed, estimated or expected.  We caution readers not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made.  We disclaim any obligation subsequently to revise any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements or to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events, except as otherwise required by law.

We qualify all the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q by the foregoing cautionary statements.

Corporate Background and History

We became an exploration-stage company in January 2004 with the change in the management of the Company.  From January 2004 until March 2006, we were strictly a mineral exploration company.  With our acquisition of a drilling services company and the acquisition of the Butte Highlands Gold Project, we diversified our business plan to include drilling services and an exploration property with the potential to develop an underground mine with possible future gold production.  Prior to the purchase of Timberline Drilling (formerly known as Kettle Drilling), we had no reported revenues and only had accumulated losses.

In June 2010, we acquired Staccato Gold Resources Ltd. (“Staccato”), a Canadian-based resource company listed on the TSX Venture Exchange that was in the business of acquiring, exploring and developing mineral properties with a focus on gold exploration in the dominant gold producing trends in Nevada.  As a result of this acquisition, we obtained Staccato’s Eureka Property, which included their flagship gold exploration project, the Lookout Mountain Project (“Lookout Mountain”) and the Windfall project, along with several other projects at various stages of exploration in the Battle Mountain/Eureka gold trend in Nevada, along with Staccato’s wholly owned U.S. subsidiary, BH Minerals USA, Inc.  

In September 2011, we agreed to sell our wholly owned subsidiary, Timberline Drilling, to a private company formed by a group of investors, including certain members of the senior management team of Timberline Drilling.  The sale was completed in November 2011 for a total value of approximately $15 million and enabled the Company to focus exclusively on its core business of gold exploration and development.  

In August 2014, we acquired Wolfpack Gold (Nevada) Corp. (“Wolfpack”), a U.S. company that was in the business of acquiring, exploring, and developing mineral properties with a focus on gold exploration in the dominant gold producing trends in Nevada.  As a result of this acquisition, we obtained cash and several projects at various stages of exploration in the gold trends of Nevada.  

In March 2015, we acquired an option from Gunpoint Exploration Ltd. (“Gunpoint”) to purchase a 100% interest in Gunpoint’s Talapoosa exploration project in western Nevada.  The option agreement, as amended, grants us the right to exercise the purchase option at any time through March 31, 2019, subject to certain interim payments and cumulative project expenditures.    

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Corporate Overview

Our business is mineral exploration, with a focus on district-scale gold projects such as the advanced Talapoosa project and our Eureka project in Nevada.

Recent Events

On October 19, 2016, we amended our property option agreement (the “Amended Agreement”) in which Gunpoint Exploration Ltd. (“Gunpoint”) had granted us an exclusive and irrevocable option (the “Option”) to purchase a 100% interest in Gunpoint’s Talapoosa project (the “Project”) in western Nevada.  Pursuant to the Amended Agreement, we have the right to exercise the Option to purchase the Project through March 31, 2019, subject to certain interim payments and cumulative project expenditures.  On March 31, 2017, we paid a $1 million cash payment to American Gold Capital US Inc. (“AGC”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Gunpoint, in satisfaction of the cash option payment due on March 31, 2017 pursuant to the Amended Agreement.  On April 13, 2017, upon approval by the TSX Venture Exchange, we issued one million shares of our common stock to AGC in satisfaction of the share payment due on March 31, 2017, pursuant to the Amended Agreement.  (See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further details of the transaction and the material terms of the Amended Agreement.)  

On January 6, 2017, we entered into an employment offer letter with our Chief Financial Officer, Randal Hardy.  Pursuant to the terms of the offer letter, Mr. Hardy became an employee of the Company on December 16, 2016 with a deemed employment start date of August 27, 2007, due to Mr. Hardy’s continual role with the Company as a former employee and consultant. Mr. Hardy will continue to serve as Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary of the Company.

Mineral Exploration

Talapoosa, Nevada

Talapoosa is a 14,870 acre district-scale property comprising U.S. Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”) claims, fee lands, and water rights.  Mineralized material at Talapoosa consists of 42.5 million tons of in-place bulk tonnage with an average grade of 0.03 ounces of gold per ton and 0.37 ounces of silver per ton at a gold cut-off of 0.013 ounces per ton of gold.  The project was fully permitted by Miramar Mining Corporation with the BLM and the State of Nevada in 1996, but remained undeveloped due to low prevailing metals prices.  The deposit is open on strike, and we believe potential exists to expand the quantity of mineralized material with additional exploration.  The Talapoosa project includes the 4 mile-long Appaloosa zone located one mile to the north of, and parallel to, the Talapoosa mineralized area.  The Appaloosa zone outcrops as epithermal-type sinter and breccia with vein fragments and is untested but for six historic, shallow drill holes.  

In March, 2015, we completed a National Instrument 43-101 (“NI 43-101”) compliant Technical Report entitled “Technical Report and Resource Estimate on the Talapoosa Project, Nevada,” dated March 24, 2015 (the “Talapoosa Technical Report”) substantiating the mineralization for the Talapoosa project.  Upon completion of the Talapoosa Technical Report, we initiated an NI 43-101 Preliminary Economic Assessment (“PEA”) on the property.  Results of the PEA were released on April 27, 2015 and reported positive results on a potential open pit mine with heap-leach processing and Merrill Crowe recovery of gold and silver.  To support the PEA, we completed due diligence reviews on the gold and silver mineralization; historic studies including metallurgy, geotechnical pit wall stability, hydrology, geochemistry, mining methods, facility siting for the previously proposed operation, and mine permitting.  A metallurgical and geotechnical test program is currently in progress and is designed to assess the potential to improve heap permeability and enhance gold and silver leach efficiency for the processing of the mineralized material at the Talapoosa gold and silver deposit. The program has been designed to increase the already-substantial metallurgical test results incorporated into the Company’s PEA issued in May 2015.  We anticipate that the program will be completed in May 2017.

In 2016, we completed surface rock sampling in the Appaloosa Zone which identified 0.16 ounces per ton (“opt”) (5.5 grams per tonne (“g/t”)) of gold and 1.24 opt (42.40 g/t) of silver over a 21.5 feet (6.55 meter (“m”)) channel sample across exposed hydrothermal breccia.  Four grab samples of vein material from existing waste dumps and altered outcrops assayed from 0.005 - 0.51 opt (0.168 - 17.4 g/t) gold and 0.70 - 3.07 opt (2.3 - 105.3 g/t) silver.  A nearby historic (1995) drill hole (CON-45) completed by Miramar intercepted 0.05 opt (1.66 g/t) gold over 80 feet (24.4 m) (“Technical Report of the Talapoosa Project, Lyon County, Nevada, U.S.A.” effective September 17, 2010).   

We also completed a positive review of assay data from historic drill holes in areas northwest and southeast of, and contiguous to, the Talapoosa mineralized area as defined in the PEA.  Results from historic drilling identify these areas as high priority drill targets for resource expansion as first noted in the NI 43-101 “Technical Report of the Talapoosa Project, Lyon County, Nevada, U.S.A.” effective September 17, 2010 and filed on SEDAR on October 12, 2010.  Northwest of the PEA pit area, an expansion target is defined where eight of nine historic drill holes spaced over a strike

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extent of approximately 2,000 feet (600 m) intercepted gold mineralization.  Historic drilling in this area intercepted mineralization in eight of the nine holes ranging from 75 feet (22.9 m) of 0.022 opt (0.75 g/t) gold and 0.439 opt (14.70 g/t) silver, to 205 feet (62.5 m) of  0.159 opt (5.43 g/t) gold and 0.80 opt (27.57 g/t) silver.

To the southeast of the Talapoosa resource area as defined in the PEA, eight of nine historic drill holes also intercepted mineralization also over approximately 2,000 feet (600 m) of strike extension.  Historic drilling in this area intercepted mineralization in eight of the nine holes ranging from 21 feet (6.4 m) of 0.017 opt (0.57 g/t) gold and nil silver to 191 feet (58.2 m) of 0.032 opt (1.09 g/t) gold and 0.172 opt (5.88 g/t) silver.

An on-going metallurgical and geotechnical test program continues to progress toward completion and is designed to assess the potential to improve heap permeability and enhance gold and silver leach efficiency for the processing of the mineralized material at the Talapoosa gold and silver deposit. The program has been designed to increase the already-substantial metallurgical test results incorporated into the Company’s PEA issued in May 2015.  We anticipate that the program will be completed during May 2017.  Preliminary results were released on January 31, 2017 on 4 drill core composite test samples that were crushed using high pressure grinding roll (“HPGR”) technology to -1.7mm (-10 mesh), and separated by screening into a fine fraction (-75µm or -200 mesh) and a coarse fraction (+75µm or +200 mesh).  Follow-up saturated permeability was tested on each coarse fraction test sample under simulated leach pad height with results indicating that acceptable levels of permeability would be maintained.  On-going gold and silver leach testing of the coarse fraction indicates recoveries comparable to historic estimates as utilized in the PEA.  The fine fraction material was also separately tested for simulated heap leach recovery with sample results indicating recovery of approximately 80% for gold and 55% for silver.  

Follow-up work is planned in 2017, including additional Reverse Circulation (“RC”) drilling to test the mineralization expansion targets and core drilling to provide sufficient mineralized material to advance the metallurgical studies to a sufficient level to support detailed engineering design.  We also intend to initiate studies to update historic permits for the project to current standards.  These activities are expected to be completed as soon as possible, subject to availability of sufficient financing, which we estimate to be $2.5 million to complete the additional RC and core drilling and $0.75 million to undertake the updating of historic permits to current standards.  Pending availability of such financing, we expect to complete these activities and incorporate the results into a NI 43-101 compliant Preliminary Feasibility Study (“PFS”).  Subject to additional capital availability, the PFS could be completed by the end of 2018 at an additional cost of approximately $5 million.    

There are no proven and probable reserves as defined under United States Securities and Exchange Commission’s Industry Guide 7 (“Guide 7”) at Talapoosa, and our activities there remain exploratory in nature.

Cautionary Note to U.S. Investors: The Talapoosa Technical Report and the PEA use the terms “mineral resource,” “measured mineral resource,” “indicated mineral resource” and “inferred mineral resource”. We advise investors that these terms are defined in and required to be disclosed by Canadian regulations (NI 43-101); however, these terms are not defined terms under Guide 7 and are normally not permitted to be used in reports and registration statements filed with the SEC. As a reporting issuer in Canada, we are required to prepare reports on our mineral properties in accordance with NI 43-101. We reference the Talapoosa Technical Report and the PEA in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for informational purposes only, and the Technical Report and PEA are not incorporated herein by reference.  Investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of a mineral deposit in the above categories will ever be converted into Guide 7 compliant reserves.  “Inferred mineral resources” have a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence, and great uncertainty as to their economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all or any part of an inferred mineral resource will ever be upgraded to a higher category.  Under Canadian rules, estimates of inferred mineral resources may not form the basis of feasibility or pre-feasibility studies, except in rare cases.  Investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of an inferred mineral resource exists or is economically or legally mineable.  

Eureka Project, Nevada

The Eureka Project, which includes Lookout Mountain, comprises an area of approximately 15,000 acres, or more than 23 square miles.  The Eureka Project is located within the southern portion of Nevada’s Battle Mountain-Eureka gold trend and includes three structurally controlled zones of gold mineralization, each approximately 3- 4 miles in strike length, all zones of which are open and will require additional in-fill and step-out drilling. The project has an extensive exploration, drilling, and gold production history by a number of companies since 1975, including Idaho Mining Corp., Norse-Windfall Mining, Amselco, Echo Bay Mines, Newmont and Barrick Gold. A total of 533 holes, totaling 267,000 feet, were drilled on the property prior to its acquisition by Timberline in 2010. Gold mineralization tested to date is typical sediment-hosted “Carlin-type” gold mineralization, most of which may be amenable to low-cost, heap-leach processing.

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In 2010-2011, we completed an exploration program that culminated in the release of an NI 43-101 compliant technical report, entitled, Technical Report on the Lookout Mountain Project, Eureka County, Nevada, USA, dated May 2, 2011 (the “Lookout Mountain Technical Report”).  The Lookout Mountain Technical Report was prepared by Mine Development Associates (“MDA”) of Reno, Nevada under the supervision of Michael M. Gustin, Senior Geologist, who is a qualified person under NI 43-101.  The Lookout Mountain Technical Report details mineralization at Lookout Mountain.

Cautionary Note to U.S. Investors: The Lookout Mountain Technical Report uses the terms “mineral resource,” “measured mineral resource,” “indicated mineral resource” and “inferred mineral resource”. We advise investors that these terms are defined in and required to be disclosed by Canadian regulations (NI 43-101); however, these terms are not defined terms under Guide 7 and are normally not permitted to be used in reports and registration statements filed with the SEC. As a reporting issuer in Canada, we are required to prepare reports on our mineral properties in accordance with NI 43-101. We reference the Lookout Mountain Technical Report in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for informational purposes only, and the Lookout Mountain Technical Report is not incorporated herein by reference.  Investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of a mineral deposit in the above categories will ever be converted into Guide 7 compliant reserves.  “Inferred mineral resources” have a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence, and great uncertainty as to their economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all or any part of an inferred mineral resource will ever be upgraded to a higher category.  Under Canadian rules, estimates of inferred mineral resources may not form the basis of feasibility or pre-feasibility studies, except in rare cases.  Investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of an inferred mineral resource exists or is economically or legally mineable.  

The Lookout Mountain Technical Report describes gold mineralization which was modeled and estimated by MDA.  MDA statistically evaluated available drill data utilizing geologic interpretations provided by Timberline to interpret gold mineral domains on cross sections spaced at 50- to 100-foot intervals across the extent of the Lookout Mountain mineralization.  The cross sections were rectified with mineral-domain interpretations on level plans spaced at 10-foot intervals.  The modeled mineralization was analyzed using geostatistics to aid in the establishment of estimation parameters, and interpolating grades into a three-dimensional block model.

In 2012, we released updated exploration data for Lookout Mountain and filed an updated Lookout Mountain Technical Report.   As a result of the most recently completed exploration program, we have successfully extended the mineralized zone at Lookout Mountain 600 feet to the south of the mineralized zone boundary defined in the 2011 Lookout Mountain Technical Report, and have expanded mineralization along the west margin of the deposit. Results from Lookout Mountain, and from the South Adit area, significantly increased the currently reported mineralization at Lookout Mountain.  In early 2013, we completed our 2012 exploration program at Lookout Mountain, including 26,140 feet total of infill-drilling.  This program focused on expansion of mineralization, metallurgical, geotechnical, and permitting studies.

Assay results from drilling were incorporated into an updated Lookout Mountain Technical Report which was completed in early 2013.  Drilling also provided data for on-going metallurgical studies directed at characterization of gold mineralization recovery, and for initial assessment of pit-slope stabilities.  Permitting-related activities were advanced through completion of quarterly monitoring, and installation of three monitoring wells. Conceptual designs for site facilities (heap leach pads, mine rock storage, access roads) have also been prepared.  

In 2013, we continued geochemical waste rock environmental characterization, completed independent metallurgical leach testing, continued water quality monitoring and defined hydrologic work plans.  We also continued the baseline environmental data collection and analysis at Lookout Mountain.  In addition, we reduced costs by consolidating our Elko field office into our Eureka facility.  

During most of 2014, the Company limited exploration related activities to low cost field surveys including soil and rock sampling, drill site reclamation, site archeological surveys, and geologic mapping.  The mapping led to identification of new targets on each of the three structural zones of gold mineralization.  In December 2014, drilling resumed at Eureka with an initial test of one new target completed before year-end.  RC drill hole BHSE-171 identified a new zone of gold mineralization and intersected 25 feet of 0.144 ounces of gold per ton (“opt”) (7.62 meters (m) of 4.93 grams of gold per tonne (“g/t”)) within a longer 65-foot interval assaying 0.094 opt (19.82 m of 3.22 g/t) in the Lookout Mountain area.  This hole was offset 140 feet from BHSE-152 (drilled in 2012) which first encountered the new zone in 2012 but was not completed due to drilling difficulties.  

In follow-up to the successful results in RC drill hole BHSE-171, two diamond drill core holes were completed in January, 2015.  BHSE-172 intersected 25.2 feet of 0.15 opt (7.7 m of 5.02 g/t) within an interval of 46.6 feet of 0.10 opt (14.2 m of 5.02 g/t).  BHSE-173 intercepted 57.4 feet of 0.06 opt (17.5 m @ 1.92 g/t).  The two core hole intercepts of the mineralized zone were offset approximately 140 feet from BHSE-171.  The intercepts are well-correlated, as the gold occurs in mineralized collapse breccia within the pyritic Dunderberg Shale-Hamburg Dolomite contact zone.  The intercepts are thought by Timberline geologists to be related to stratigraphic traps associated spacially with a higher-grade feeder system as recognized in many Carlin-type systems.

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Two additional RC holes were completed as infill drilling within the existing resource area at Lookout Mountain.  Results were highlighted by hole BHSE-174, which intercepted 75.0 feet of 0.02 opt (22.9 m of 0.57 g/t) which is very consistent with surrounding intercepts.  

We also completed a six-hole RC drill program on the Windfall target within the Eureka project.  The drilling successfully tested on-strike, offset, and down-dip extensions of gold mineralization that was previously mined at Windfall.  Six drill holes completed over a strike length of approximately 3,000 feet intersected gold mineralization consistent with results from over 600 historic drill holes, highlighted by BHWF-40 which intersected 80 feet at 0.09 opt of gold (6.1 m @ 8.79 g/t).    The data for Windfall will support potential development of a resource estimate of the gold mineralization at the project.  

In order to prioritize our resources toward the development of Talapoosa, no material exploration expenditures were incurred at the Eureka Project in 2016.  Unless financial resources become available, minimal expenditures are anticipated for 2017, with work expected to focus on reclamation of drill sites.  

There are no proven and probable reserves as defined under Guide 7 at the Eureka Project, and our activities there remain exploratory in nature.

Summary

We believe the global economic environment and monetary climate continue to favor a relatively steady gold price for the foreseeable future.  While volatility is to be expected, our expectation is that we can identify and pursue opportunities to advance our projects, despite the current gold price and market volatility.  

As a company, we are considering financing and strategic corporate opportunities with our focus on providing for the advancement of our Talapoosa project.  In May 2015, we finalized a positive PEA at Talapoosa, the results of which were announced on April 27, 2015.  The test programs currently in progress are designed to increase the level of confidence in the metallurgical conclusions that were incorporated into the Talapoosa PEA.

We believe that with appropriate funding, the Talapoosa project can advance toward the preparation of a pre-feasibility study for an anticipated open-pit mining operation.  Subject to available capital, exploration programs at the Lookout Mountain and Windfall areas within our Eureka project and at Seven Troughs may also continue.  We believe that management and our board of directors have the knowledge and experience to evaluate financing and strategic opportunities and to provide for the advancement of our Talapoosa project toward a production decision.     

Results of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016

Consolidated Results

(US$)		Three Months Ended March 31,					Six Months Ended March 31,
		2017		2016					2017			2016
Exploration expenses:
	Eureka	$	4,138		$	5,511		$		15,840	$		34,029
	Talapoosa	31,969		15,309					26,137			61,408
	Other exploration properties	285		(13,544)					40,143			50,526
Total exploration expenditures		36,392		7,276					82,120			145,963
Non-cash expenses:
	Stock option and stock issuance expense	15,000		-					15,000			351,966
	Income tax provision	11,632		-					32,632			-
	Loss on sale of investment in JV	-		180,050					-			180,050
	Gain on disposal of equipment	(2,500)		-					(2,500)			-
	Gain on equipment exchanged for services	-		(25,644)					-			(25,644)
	Equipment exchanged for services	-		-					-			29,603
	Gain on sale of available-for-sale securities	(23,826)		-					(23,826)			-
	Depreciation, amortization and accretion	1,843		1,755					3,598			5,406
Total non-cash expenses		2,149		156,161					24,904			541,381
Professional fees expenses		46,425		62,089					138,240			168,133
Salaries and benefits expenses		109,400		98,109					185,934			250,178
Interest and other income		(125)		(4,598)					793			(28,739)
Other general and administrative expenses		337,206		93,540					426,163			119,580
Net loss		$	(531,447)		$	(412,577)		$		(858,154)	$		(1,196,496)

Our consolidated net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $531,447, compared to a consolidated net loss of $412,577 for the three months ended March 31, 2016.  The year-over-year difference is primarily attributed to increased exploration activities at Talapoosa and marketing, finder’s fees, and listing-related fees primarily related to our financing in 2017.  Other general and administrative expenditures were higher in 2017 primarily related to increased costs related to marketing and financing activities.  We anticipate that the net loss and general and administrative expenditures will decrease in the upcoming quarter.  Exploration expenditures during the three months ended March 31, 2017 increased, as we continued our metallurgical testing at Talapoosa.  We anticipate that exploration expenditures will continue to be higher year-over-year in the next quarter, as we continue the metallurgical testing.  

Our consolidated net loss for the six months ended March 31, 2017 was $858,154 compared to a consolidated net loss of $1,196,496 for the six months ended March 31, 2016.  The year-over-year cost reduction is primarily attributed to significantly decreased exploration activity in the six months ended March 31, 2017 which led to decreased manpower and lower overall costs, offset by higher stock option and stock issuance expense and the loss incurred related to the sale of our interest in Butte Highlands JV, LLC during the period ended March 31, 2016.  We anticipate that year-over-year exploration costs will stay lower throughout the fiscal year, unless additional capital is obtained to increase our exploration activities.  Exploration costs are expected to increase slightly for the nine months ended June 30, 2017, as we continue metallurgical testing at Talapoosa.  Other general and administrative expenditures were higher in 2017 primarily related to increased costs related to marketing and financing activities.  With reduced financing activity in the third quarter, we anticipate that general and administration expenditures will decrease and move closer to the 2016 year-over-year level of expenditures. Exploration expenditures during the six months ended March 31, 2017 decreased as we significantly reduced our exploration program expenditures due to our limited financial resources.  We anticipate that unless additional capital is obtained, exploration expenditures will remain lower for the nine months ending June 30, 2017 compared to 2016, but that the difference will narrow as we conduct metallurgical testing at Talapoosa.   

Subject to adequate funding, in 2017, we expect to continue to incur exploration expenses for the advancement of Talapoosa and exploration at Eureka.

Financial Condition and Liquidity

At March 31, 2017, we had assets of $17,886,232, consisting of cash in the amount of $245,350; property, mineral rights and equipment, net of depreciation of $17,013,719, restricted cash held for exploration bonds of $314,982, common stock of NJMC valued at $272,376, and other assets in the amount of $39,805.  

During the six months ended March 31, 2017, we received $379,175 as the result of partial reductions of the required reclamation bond amounts for our projects due to non-use of land and successful reclamation.  Pursuant to our request, the Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”) inspected the projects and authorized the return of the unobligated portion of our reclamation bonds, due to fewer acres being disturbed than the acreage for which the bond had been required.      

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis that the Company is a going concern, which contemplates the realization of our assets and the settlement of our liabilities in the normal course of our operations. In recent years, commodity prices and mining equities have seen significant volatility which increases the risk to precious metal investors.  Commodity price expectations, global economic uncertainties, and market factors, among other things, make it more difficult for us to obtain, or increase our cost of obtaining, capital and financing for our operations.  Our access to additional capital may not be available on terms acceptable to us or at all.  If we are unable to obtain financing through equity investments, we will seek multiple solutions including, but not limited to, return of excess restricted cash held for exploration bonds, asset sales, credit facilities or debenture issuances in order to continue as a going concern.  

At March 31, 2017, we had working capital of $209,864.  As of the date of this report, we have approximately $280,000outstanding in current liabilities and a cash balance of approximately $630,000.  As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we do not anticipate that we will be able to continue as a going concern, meet our Talapoosa option and property expenditure obligations and execute our business plan for the next 12 months without receiving significant additional capital.  We estimate that in order to meet our minimum obligations to maintain the Talapoosa option and continue as a going concern for the next twelve months, we need to raise at least $3 million during the next year, and to conduct our planned exploration program for the Talapoosa project for the next twelve months would require an estimated additional $5 million.  Therefore, we expect to engage in financial transactions to increase our cash balance and/or decrease our cash obligations in the near term, which may include equity financings, refunds of excess restricted cash held for exploration bonds, joint venture agreements, sales of non-core assets, credit facilities, debenture issuances, or other strategic transactions.  

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We are working to increase and maintain sufficient working capital by prioritizing our expenditures toward added-value activities and advancing transactions aimed at improving our cash position.  We have implemented significant cost-cutting measures, reduced staff, and curtailed discretionary exploration expenditures to preserve cash.  We are also working to increase our working capital by exploring multiple financing alternatives and the return of restricted cash deposits to fund the execution of our business plan.    

We recognize that we will not be able to execute our operating plans with our current cash balances.  However, with our current cash balance, proceeds from sales of non-core assets, our expected ability to acquire additional capital and complete necessary financing transactions, our ability to curtail discretionary exploration expenditures as needed and obtain the refund of excess restricted cash held for exploration bonds, we believe that we will have sufficient working capital to meet our ongoing, non-discretionary operating expenses for the next 12 months and maintain our primary mineral properties.  Additional capital may be obtained through financing transactions such as equity investments, asset sales, joint ventures, debt facilities, or other types of strategic arrangements.

We plan, as funding allows, to follow-up on our completed PEA of Talapoosa with a pre-feasibility study, which is expected to include trade-off studies, further metallurgical tests, and analysis of various other processing scenarios.  Also subject to available capital, we may continue prudent exploration programs on our material exploration properties and/or fund some exploratory activities on early-stage properties.  We are revising our corporate and exploration budgets based upon potential funding opportunities with a focus on the advancement of the Talapoosa pre-feasibility study.  We recognize that we will require additional funding in order to execute our operating plans and advance toward development of our properties.

Given current market conditions, we cannot provide assurance that necessary financing will be available to us on acceptable terms or at all.  Over the past year, we significantly curtailed our corporate, exploration and other expenditures, however, we recognize that we will still require additional funding to provide sufficient capital to meet our Talapoosa option obligations, fund our planned, non-discretionary expenditures for the next 12 months, and maintain our primary mineral properties.  If we cannot obtain sufficient additional financing, we may be unable to make required property payments on a timely basis and be forced to return some or all of our leased or optioned properties to the underlying owners.   

Financing Activities

In June 2016, we closed a non-brokered private placement of 10,000,006 units at a price of $0.15 per unit for gross proceeds of $1,500,000.  Each unit in the offering consisted of one share of common stock of the Company and one common share purchase warrant (each a “Warrant”), with each Warrant exercisable to acquire an additional share of common stock of the Company at a price of US$0.25 per share until May 31, 2019.  The private placement offering was completed under Rule 506(c) of Regulation D promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, solely to persons who qualify as accredited investors.  Subscribers who were resident in Canada were required to qualify as accredited investors under Canadian National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions.

In April 2017, we closed a non-brokered private placement of 8,000,000 units at a price of $0.25 per unit for gross proceeds of $2,000,000.  Each unit in the offering consisted of one share of common stock of the Company and one common share purchase warrant (each a “Warrant”), with each Warrant exercisable to acquire an additional share of common stock of the Company at a price of US$0.40 per share until January 31, 2020.  The Company may accelerate the warrant expiration date, if the price of the Company’s common stock closes at or above US$0.90 for twenty consecutive trading days.  The private placement offering was completed under Rule 506(c) of Regulation D promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, solely to persons who qualify as accredited investors.  Subscribers who were resident in Canada were required to qualify as accredited investors under Canadian National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, revenues, results of operations, liquidity or capital expenditures.

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

See Note 2 to the financial statements contained in this Quarterly Report for a summary of the significant accounting policies used in the presentation of our financial statements. We are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and related disclosures of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses.  We believe that our most critical accounting estimates are related to asset impairments and asset retirement obligations.

Our critical accounting policies and estimates are as follows:

Asset Impairments

Significant property acquisition payments for active exploration properties are capitalized.  The evaluation of our mineral properties for impairment is based on market conditions for minerals, underlying mineralized material associated with the properties, and future costs that may be required for ultimate realization through mining operations or by sale.  If no mineable ore body is discovered, or market conditions for minerals deteriorate, there is the potential for a material adjustment to the value assigned to such mineral properties.

We review the carrying value of equipment for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable from the estimated future cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition. In cases where undiscounted expected future cash flows are less than the carrying value, an impairment or abandonment loss is recognized equal to an amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the asset. The factors considered by management in performing this assessment include current operating results, trends and prospects, the manner in which the equipment is used, and the effects of obsolescence, demand, competition, and other economic factors.

Asset Retirement Obligations

We have an obligation to reclaim our properties after the surface has been disturbed by exploration methods at the site. As a result, we have recorded a liability for the fair value of the reclamation costs we expect to incur at our Lookout Mountain Project.  We estimate applicable inflation and credit-adjusted risk-free rates as well as expected reclamation time frames. To the extent that the estimated reclamation costs change, such changes will impact future reclamation expense recorded. A liability is recognized for the present value of estimated environmental remediation (asset retirement obligation) in the period in which the liability is incurred if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. The offsetting balance is charged to the related long-lived asset. Adjustments are made to the liability for changes resulting from passage of time and changes to either the timing or amount of the original present value estimate underlying the obligation.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Not applicable.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Conclusions of Management Regarding Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

At the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, an evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Principal Executive Officer and the Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operations of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a – 15(e) and Rule 15d – 15(e) under the Exchange Act as of the end of the period covered by this report). Based on that evaluation, our management, including the Principal Executive Officer and the Principal Financial Officer, has concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective in ensuring that: (i) information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that we file or submit to the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in applicable rules and forms and (ii) material information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow for accurate and timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management determined that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective because of a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting due primarily to minimal staffing at the Company, as discussed below.

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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.  

Prior to this fiscal quarter, due to changes in management, reduction in staffing levels, and the temporary consolidation of the offices of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, we believe that there were changes that were reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting and may result in material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting.  These weaknesses primarily relate to appropriate segregation of duties. We have addressed these potential material weaknesses by re-appointing our previous Chief Financial Officer in order to separate the offices of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer and to maintain consistency in our financial reporting.

While this mitigation effort has improved our internal controls over financial reporting, management has concluded that minimal staffing continues to inhibit the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting and our disclosure controls and procedures.  Subject to available capital, we anticipate remediating these potential material weaknesses on a long-term basis by increasing staffing levels and segregating certain additional duties.

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

We are not aware of any material pending litigation or of any proceedings known to be contemplated by governmental authorities which are, or would be, likely to have a material adverse effect upon us or our operations, taken as a whole.  No director, officer or affiliate of Timberline and no owner of record or beneficial owner of more than 5% of our securities or any associate of any such director, officer or security holder is a party adverse to Timberline or has a material interest adverse to Timberline in reference to any currently pending litigation.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes from the risk factors as previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2016, which was filed with the SEC on December 20, 2016.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

All sales of unregistered equity securities during the fiscal quarter covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q were previously reported on Form 8-K.

ITEM 3.  DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.

None.

ITEM 4.  MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

We consider health, safety and environmental stewardship to be a core value for the Company.

Pursuant to Section 1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, issuers that are operators, or that have a subsidiary that is an operator, of a coal or other mine in the United States are required to disclose in their periodic reports filed with the SEC information regarding specified health and safety violations, orders and citations, related assessments and legal actions, and mining-related fatalities with respect to mining operations and properties in the United States that are subject to regulation by the Federal Mine Safety and Health Administration (“MSHA”) under the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 (the “Mine Act”). During the quarter ended March 31, 2017, our U.S. exploration properties were not subject to regulation by the MSHA under the Mine Act.  

ITEM 5.  OTHER INFORMATION.

None.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS.  

3.1	Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant as amended through October 31, 2014, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 23, 2014
3.2	Amended By-Laws of the Registrant, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 13, 2015.
4.1	Specimen of the Common Stock Certificate, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10SB as filed with the Securities Exchange Commission on September 29, 2005
4.2	Form of Warrant Agreement between the Company and Aegis Capital Corp., incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 18, 2013.
4.3	Form of Warrant Agreement incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 11, 2016
4.4*	Form of Warrant Agreement for March and April 2017 Offering of Units
10.1+	Offer Letter with CFO, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 11, 2017
31.1*	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Exchange Act)
31.2*	Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Exchange Act)
32.1*	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of  2002 (18 U.S.C. 1350)
32.2*	Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of  2002https://www.sec.gov/divisions/corpfin/ecfrlinks.shtml (18 U.S.C. 1350)
101.INS*	XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

* - Filed herewith

+ - Management Compensatory Agreement

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

TIMBERLINE RESOURCES CORPORATION

By:  /s/ Steven A. Osterberg

       ___________________________________

       Steven A. Osterberg

       President and Chief Executive Officer

       (Principal Executive Officer)

Date:  May 12, 2017

By:  /s/ Randal L. Hardy

       ___________________________________

       Randal L. Hardy

       Chief Financial Officer

       (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Date:  May 12, 2017

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