UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
x | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014
or
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from . to .
Commission File No. 1-32248
GRAMERCY PROPERTY TRUST INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Maryland | 06-1722127 | |
(State or other jurisdiction incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer of Identification No.) |
521 5th Avenue, 30th Floor, New York, NY 10175
(Address of principal executive offices — zip code)
(212) 297-1000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:
Title of Each Class | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered | |
Common Stock, $0.001 Par Value Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, $0.001 Par Value |
New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange |
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a small reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “small reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ¨ | Accelerated filer x | Non-accelerated filer ¨ | Smaller reporting company ¨ | |||
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
As of February 27, 2015, there were 188,016,355 shares of the Registrant’s common stock outstanding. The aggregate market value of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant (115,121,819 shares) at June 30, 2014, was $696,487,005. The aggregate market value was calculated by using the closing price of the common stock as of that date on the New York Stock Exchange, which was $6.05 per share.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement for its 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders expected to be filed within 120 days after the close of the registrant’s fiscal year are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
GRAMERCY PROPERTY TRUST INC.
FORM 10-K
TABLE OF CONTENTS
10-K PART AND ITEM NO.
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Part I
General
Gramercy Property Trust Inc., or the “Company” or “Gramercy,” is a leading global investor and asset manager of commercial real estate. Gramercy specializes in acquiring and managing single-tenant, net leased industrial and office properties. We focus on income producing properties leased to high quality tenants in major markets in the United States and Europe. Gramercy is organized as a Real Estate Investment Trust, or REIT.
Gramercy earns revenues primarily through three sources. We earn rental revenues on properties that we own directly in the United States, asset management revenues on properties owned by third parties in both the United States and Europe and pro-rata rental revenues on our investment in the Gramercy European Property Fund.
As of December 31, 2014, we owned interests, either directly or in a joint venture, in 132 properties containing an aggregate of approximately 13.7 million rentable square feet. In addition, we manage approximately $1.1 billion of commercial real estate assets for third parties in the United States and Europe.
Transformative Year
Transformative milestones that we achieved in 2014 include:
Raised Capital
· | In March 2014, we completed a private offering of $115.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.75% Exchangeable Senior Notes due 2019 by our operating partnership GPT property Trust LP, or our Operating partnership. The Exchangeable Senior Notes have an initial exchange price of approximately $6.20 per share of our common stock, exchangeable, under certain circumstances for cash, for shares of our common stock or for a combination of cash and shares of our common stock; |
· | In May 2014, we raised net proceeds of $218.2 million through a public offering of 46.0 million shares of our common stock; |
· | In June 2014, we closed on a $400.0 million senior unsecured credit facility, consisting of a $200.0 million revolving credit facility and $200.0 million term loan; In January 2015, we expanded the senior unsecured credit facility, increasing the revolving borrowing capacity thereunder to $400.0 million, which increased our aggregate borrowing capacity under the facility to $600.0 million; |
· | In July 2014, we issued approximately 3.8 million limited operating partnership units, or OP Units, of our Operating Partnership, priced at $6.19 per share, in connection with the acquisition of a portfolio of three industrial properties; |
· | In August 2014, we raised $81.6 million of net proceeds through a public offering of 3.5 million shares of 7.125% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock and, in September 2014, we redeemed all of our outstanding 8.125% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock; |
· | In September 2014, we established an “at-the-market” equity offering program, or ATM, under which we may from time to time issue an aggregate of up to $100.0 million of our common stock; and |
· | In December 2014, we raised net proceeds of $336.1 million through a public offering of 59.8 million shares of our common stock. |
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Launched European Operations
· | In December 2014, we formed Gramercy European Property Fund, a private real estate investment fund with several equity investment partners, targeting single-tenant industrial, office and specialty retail assets throughout Europe. The equity investors have committed approximately $426.5 million (€352.5 million) in equity capital, including $60.5 million (€50.0 million) from us, which will be used to acquire a portfolio of approximately $1.0 billion in real estate assets by utilizing 55%-60% leverage; and |
· | Simultaneously, we acquired 100% of the ownership interests of ThreadGreen Europe Limited, or Gramercy Europe Asset Management, a London-based company that manages real estate investments across Europe, to provide investment and asset management services to the Gramercy European Property Fund. |
Assembled and Grew a High-Quality Net Leased Portfolio
As of December 31, 2014, we owned, directly or through a joint venture or equity investment, a portfolio that consists of 132 industrial, office and specialty properties totaling approximately 13.7 million square feet. In 2014, we acquired 100 properties aggregating approximately 9.0 million square feet in 28 separate transactions for a total purchase price of approximately $834.3 million, including the acquisition of the remaining 50% equity interest in the Bank of America Portfolio joint venture, a portfolio of 67 properties across the United States which is described further in Note 4 and 5 of the accompanying financial statements. As of December 31, 2014, our portfolio has the following characteristics:
· | 99% occupancy; |
· | A weighted average remaining lease term of 9.6 years (based on gross purchase price); |
· | 56% investment grade tenancy (includes subsidiaries of non-guarantor investment grade parent companies) (based on gross purchase price); |
· | Industrial portfolio comprised of 9.5 million aggregate rentable square feet with an average base rent per square foot of $6.67; |
· | Office/banking center portfolio comprised of 3.9 million aggregate rentable square feet with an average base rent per square foot of $10.07 (including one property we own through a joint venture); |
· | Specialty asset portfolio of seven improved sites comprised of 224 acres of land and 288 thousand aggregate rentable square feet of building space that we lease to a car auction services company, a bus depot, a rental car company, and salvage yards; and |
· | Top five tenants by annualized base rent include: Bank of America, N.A. or Bank of America, guaranteed by Bank of America Corp. (33%); Adesa Texas, Inc., guaranteed by KAR Holdings, Inc. (6%); AMCOR Rigid Plastics USA, Inc., guaranteed by Amcor Limited (4%); EF Transit, Inc., guaranteed by Monarch Beverage Co., Inc. (3%); and Office Depot, Inc., guaranteed by Office Depot, Inc. (3%). |
Recent Developments
Subsequent to December 31, 2014, we closed on the acquisition of nine properties, including one office and eight industrial properties. The properties comprise an aggregate 1,688,778 square feet and were acquired for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $144.5 million. The properties are 100% leased with lease terms ending between December 2015 and September 2029. We assumed one in-place mortgage loan of $13.0 million with a fixed interest rate of 5.57% and maturity of November 2016 related to one of the property acquisitions.
In January 2015, we expanded our senior unsecured credit facility, increasing the revolving borrowing capacity thereunder by $200.0 million. The expansion increased our aggregate borrowing capacity under the senior unsecured credit facility and unsecured term loan to $600.0 million.
In February 2015, our shareholders approved an increase in the number of our authorized shares of common stock from 220,000,000 to 400,000,000.
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Corporate Structure
We were formed in April 2004 as a Maryland corporation, and we completed our initial public offering in August 2004. We conduct substantially all of our operations through our Operating Partnership, GPT Property Trust LP. We are the sole general partner of our Operating Partnership. Our Operating Partnership conducts our commercial real estate investment business through various wholly-owned entities and our third party asset management business primarily through a wholly-owned taxable REIT subsidiary, or TRS. The chart below summarizes the organizational structure of our entities as of December 31, 2014:
We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Internal Revenue Code, and generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes to the extent we distribute our taxable income, if any, to our stockholders. We have in the past established, and may in the future establish, TRSs, to effect various taxable transactions. Those TRSs would incur U.S. federal, state and local taxes on the taxable income from their activities.
In April 2013, following a strategic review and repositioning of Gramercy as an equity REIT, we changed our name from Gramercy Capital Corp. to Gramercy Property Trust Inc. and changed our ticker symbol to “GPT” on the New York Stock Exchange.
Unless the context requires otherwise, all references to “Gramercy,” “the Company,” “we,” “our,” and “us” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K mean Gramercy Property Trust Inc., a Maryland corporation, and one or more of its subsidiaries, including our Operating Partnership.
Our Investment Strategy – United States
We seek to acquire and manage a diversified portfolio of high quality net leased properties that generates stable, predictable cash flows and protects investor capital over a long investment horizon. We expect that these properties generally will be leased to a single tenant. Under a net lease, the tenant typically bears the responsibility for all property related expenses such as real estate taxes, insurance, and repair and maintenance costs. We believe this lease structure provides an owner cash flows over the term of the lease that are more stable and predictable than other forms of leases and minimizes the ongoing capital expenditures often required with other property types.
We approach the net leased market as a value investor, looking to identify and acquire net leased properties that we believe offer attractive risk adjusted returns throughout market cycles. We focus primarily on industrial and office properties, where we believe attractive investment opportunities currently exist. We focus on acquiring assets in major markets where strong demographic and economic growth offer, in our view, a higher probability of producing long term rent growth and/or capital appreciation. Our goal is to continue to grow our existing portfolio and become a preeminent owner of net leased commercial industrial and office properties.
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We believe that within the net leased industry, industrial and office investments offer a fundamentally different opportunity from the market for net leased retail assets. Industrial and office assets tend to be heterogeneous, and valuation is frequently influenced by local real estate market conditions and tenant preferences. In our view, the skillset required to properly underwrite industrial and office assets is specific to those assets and can be used to drive significant investment outperformance. We also believe that well-located industrial and office assets are better positioned to experience rent growth and asset price appreciation than single tenant retail assets in an inflationary environment.
Focus on Industrial Properties
Our strategy is to focus primarily on industrial properties and to pursue office properties on a more opportunistic basis. We believe industrial properties offer the most compelling risk adjusted returns in the net leased marketplace today. In our experience, industrial assets have more stable tenancy and a more direct and critical relationship to the tenant’s underlying operations. Industrial assets also have lower carrying costs when vacant, lower re-leasing costs to replace tenants and lower ongoing capital requirements during the period of ownership.
We do not plan to focus on net leased retail assets. We believe that there are many large, well-capitalized net leased REITs that currently focus on retail assets and we believe that the market for these assets is currently the most competitive within the overall net leased marketplace. In addition, retail leases typically have minimal rent increases, and many renewal options at fixed rents, which gives the tenant much of the benefit of any market or rent appreciation through an increase in the leasehold value of the asset. If specific opportunities arise or market conditions warrant, we may revisit this approach to net leased retail assets in the future.
Focus on Real Estate Fundamentals
We have observed that the net leased investing marketplace has evolved from a primarily credit-focused strategy with bond type net leased structures, very long lease terms, and bargain renewal options to one in which net leased investors face many of the same operational and market risks as other real estate investors. For this reason, we believe that real estate underwriting is an important aspect of our investment process. We believe that traditional real estate fundamentals will be the primary driver of investment performance in the net leased market for the foreseeable future, in contrast to the past practices where long lease terms and tenant credit quality were the primary drivers.
Target Industrial and Office Facilities
Target Markets with Attractive Characteristics — We plan to concentrate our investment activity in select target markets with the following characteristics: high quality infrastructure, diversified local economies with multiple economic drivers, strong demographics, pro-business local governments and high quality local labor pools. We believe that these markets offer a higher probability of producing long term rent growth and/or capital appreciation. As of December 31, 2014, approximately 85% of our portfolio (based on gross purchase price) is located in our target markets.
Properties with Competitive Rents to Market — We target properties with contract rents that are at or below rents that are available in the market for similar properties as a way to reduce the volatility of cash flows that can occur upon the expiration of a lease. We specifically target properties where rents have been rolled down, post-financial crisis.
Properties with Long Lease Terms — We generally target properties that have between five and 20 years of non-cancelable lease terms. We believe that longer lease terms provide more stable cash flows, are less susceptible to changes in market conditions and require less capital expenditures to maintain tenancy.
Core Properties Acquired at Above Market Yields Due to Some Market Inefficiency — We seek opportunities to acquire core properties at attractive prices due to a mispricing of credit or real estate risk, or a misunderstanding of the nature of the investment that may limit the competitive environment.
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Complex Legacy Net Leased Portfolios — We seek opportunities to acquire legacy net leased portfolios that through asset sales, lease restructurings and other value-add activities can be transformed into high quality net leased portfolios.
Target Mission Critical Non-Traditional Net Leased Properties
We target specialized properties that fall outside many traditional institutional investor parameters, but offer unique utility to a tenant or an industry and can therefore be acquired at attractive yields relative to the underlying risk. We look for properties that are difficult or costly to replicate due to a specific location, special zoning, unique physical attributes, below market rents or a significant tenant investment in the facility, all of which contribute to a higher probability of tenant renewals. Examples of specialized properties include cross-dock truck terminals, cold storage facilities, parking facilities, air-freight facilities, steel distribution facilities, properties with high parking requirements and other mission critical facilities. We purchase specialized corporate real estate if we believe the property is critical to the ongoing operations of the tenant and the profitable continuation of its business. We believe that the profitability of the operations and the relative difficulty in replicating or moving operations reflect the importance of the property to the tenant’s business.
Target Transactions Where We Have a Competitive Advantage
Individual Properties — We seek to acquire individual properties having a purchase price between $10 million and $100 million. We target properties of this size because we find in the current environment that there is less competition from larger institutions who generally look for larger properties and larger portfolios. We have an asset management team of significant scale that has significant experience negotiating, underwriting and acquiring these types of properties, which we believe gives us a competitive advantage over many local and regional investors that typically compete for these acquisitions.
Sale Leasebacks — We believe our management team is among the most experienced and well known in the sale leaseback industry, with long-standing contacts and reputations among bankers, advisors and private equity firms. We believe that we can source and effectively compete on sale leaseback transactions and believe that there will be an increasing number of such opportunities due to still extensive holdings of commercial real estate on corporate balance sheets, financial metrics which discourage such ownership and the relative attractiveness of the capital that we and others in the sale leaseback industry can offer.
Build-to-Suits — Our management team has extensive experience in build-to-suit transactions whereby we provide construction funding for a property that we ultimately acquire. In a build-to-suit transaction, we generally pre-lease all or substantially all of the property to a single tenant under a long-term lease. We believe there is less competition for such investments due to investors’ relative lack of experience with such investments, the difficulties in obtaining inexpensive asset level financing and a lack of a mandate to make such investments.
Portfolios — We believe there may be opportunities to purchase portfolios of properties from existing owners who are either investor owners or corporations that occupy their properties. We believe that we will have the opportunity to purchase portfolios in exchange for cash, our common stock, units of limited partnership interest in our Operating Partnership or a combination thereof. The market for large portfolios is currently very competitive with many well-capitalized buyers actively bidding for these portfolios and we expect this market to remain competitive for the foreseeable future.
Target Investments that Maximize Growth Potential
Opportunities to Extend Leases through Expansions or Capital Investments — We focus on net leased investment properties where, in our view, there is the potential to invest incremental capital to accommodate a tenant’s business, extend lease terms and increase the value of a property. We believe these opportunities can generate attractive returns due to the nature of the relationship between the landlord and tenant.
Assets with Cycle-Low Rent Levels — We focus on industrial and office properties with rents that we believe are competitive with market rents. These rents have typically resulted in a lease-up of vacant space or a lease renewal completed following the financial crisis. We believe that the net leased marketplace does not properly differentiate and price these properties and that these investment opportunities can generate growth in income and residual value over time as the U.S. economy improves.
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Long-term Appreciation Opportunities — We believe there are opportunities to acquire properties with longer term leases that provide current cash flow for the term of the lease and that, if correctly identified, have the potential upon lease expiration for a higher and better use that may provide capital appreciation over the long-run.
Focus on Risk Management
Underwrite and Structure Investments to Protect Downside and Preserve Cash Flows — We seek to invest in properties that have steady, predictable cash flow through: (a) long term, well-structured leases, (b) high leasehold value for tenants, and (c) a high likelihood of renewal. We further seek to protect our investment by purchasing properties at prices at or below estimated replacement cost.
Utilize Portfolio Diversification — We seek to diversify our portfolio by property type, tenant credit, geography and tenant industry. As of December 31, 2014, our largest tenant was Bank of America, N.A., which accounted for approximately 33% of our annualized base rent revenue as of December 31, 2014. As we grow, we expect to further diversify our portfolio.
Actively Manage the Portfolio to Maximize Tenant Retention and Minimize Vacancy — We believe there are opportunities within our portfolio to extend lease terms through property expansions or tenant improvement investments funded by us.
Our Investment Strategy – Europe
We believe that the net leased, single-tenant investment strategy is among the most scalable and transferable across geographies of any property investment strategy. Gramercy Europe Asset Management and Gramercy European Property Fund employ a similar investment strategy to our United States’ operations. In addition to investing in industrial and office properties, we are also focused on purchasing single-tenant specialty retail properties. We believe that the risk-return profiles of single-tenant retail properties in certain markets in Europe are superior to single-tenant retail opportunities available in the United States. Gramercy has a fully integrated presence in Europe, including investment personnel and asset management capability, as well as all support functions in those areas through our team based in London.
Leases
The following provides information regarding the various types of leases that we utilize in our operations.
Triple net lease. In our triple net leases, the tenant is responsible for all aspects of and costs related to the property and its operation during the lease term. The landlord may have responsibility under the lease to perform or pay for certain capital repairs or replacements to the roof, structure or certain building systems, such as heating and air conditioning and fire suppression. In some instances the tenant may reimburse the landlord for capital repairs or replacements on an amortized basis. The tenant may have the right to terminate the lease or abate rent due to a major casualty or condemnation affecting a significant portion of the property or due to the landlord’s failure to perform its obligations under the lease. Substantially all of our wholly owned industrial and specialty asset properties are leased pursuant to triple net leases.
Modified gross lease. In our modified gross leases, the landlord is responsible for some property related expenses during the lease term, but the cost of most of the expenses is passed through to the tenant for reimbursement to the landlord. The tenant may have the right to terminate the lease or abate rent due to a major casualty or condemnation affecting a significant portion of the property or due to the landlord’s failure to perform its obligations under the lease. The Bank of America master lease for the Bank of America Portfolio, a portfolio of 67 office/banking center properties that we now own 100% of since acquiring the remaining 50% equity interest of our joint venture in June 2014, is a modified gross lease.
Gross lease. In our gross leases, the landlord is responsible for all aspects of and costs related to the property and its operation during the lease term. The tenant may have the right to terminate the lease or abate rent due to a major casualty or condemnation affecting a significant portion of the property or due to the landlord’s failure to perform its obligations under the lease. As of December 31, 2014, gross leases in our portfolio represented less than one percent of our total contractual base rent.
Escalations/Renewals. Our leases may be subject to varying provisions regarding rent escalations and renewals. The properties within our Bank of America Portfolio typically have 1.5% rent increases every five years and six tenant renewal options of five years each. Our remaining leases have rent escalation and renewal options that vary in amount and duration.
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Our Competitive Strengths
We believe that we distinguish ourselves from other net leased companies through the following competitive strengths:
· | Management Team with Extensive Specialized Net Lease Expertise |
o | We are led by Gordon F. DuGan and Benjamin P. Harris, the former Chief Executive Officer and Head of U.S. Investments of W.P. Carey & Co., or W.P. Carey, respectively, with a combined 35 years of real estate experience. |
o | Our eight senior officers have an average of approximately 20 years of real estate experience. |
· | Demonstrated Track Record |
o | During his tenure at W.P. Carey as President from December 1999 to May 2004 and then Chief Executive Officer from May 2004 to July 2010, Mr. DuGan oversaw the growth of W.P. Carey’s assets under management from approximately $2.0 billion at December 31, 1999, to approximately $10.0 billion at June 30, 2010. |
o | For the period July 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014, we have sourced and acquired (directly or in joint ventures or equity investments) approximately $1.2 billion in net leased investments. |
o | For the period July 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014, we have marketed and sold for our company and third parties 360 non-core properties for an aggregate gross sale price of approximately $989.0 million. |
· | Focused and Disciplined Investment Strategy |
o | We are uniquely focused on acquiring well positioned net leased industrial and office properties. |
o | Our target markets consist of Metropolitan Statistical Areas, or MSA’s, that have strong demographics and business-friendly environments, among other things. |
o | Our quantitative underwriting model allows us to evaluate opportunities from a risk/return perspective. |
· | Strong, Long-Standing Industry Relationships |
o | Our management team has cultivated relationships with various constituents in the net leased market for over two decades. |
o | We believe our management team’s experience in the sale leaseback space may result in our receiving a “first-call” from numerous companies, advisors, brokers and private equity firms interested in possible sale leaseback transactions. |
· | Full Service Asset Management Platform |
o | We believe we have the in-house expertise and capability required to perform broad-scope asset management services for ourselves and for third parties in the United States and Europe. |
· | Ability to Move Fast |
o | We believe we have established a reputation for closing transactions quickly and efficiently. |
o | Our due diligence and closing group have extensive experience in closing transactions. |
o | Our $600.0 million senior unsecured credit facility, our ATM equity offering program, and other sources of capital allow us to purchase properties for cash instead of with property-specific borrowings, such as mortgages, which can add to the time it would otherwise take to close on an acquisition. |
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Our Investment Process – United States
Sourcing and Initial Review
We utilize relationships with various real estate owners, real estate advisors and intermediaries, developers, investment and commercial banks, private equity sponsors, and other potential deal sources to identify a broad pipeline of investment opportunities. Our investment team actively reviews this pipeline and identifies a subset of properties that meet our investment criteria. Our initial review includes an evaluation of the credit of the tenant, the criticality of the property, an evaluation of the market and submarket where the property is located, the location, age, functionality and marketability of the property, the lease structure and how contract rents relate to rents for similar buildings in the submarket, the replacement cost for a similar asset, the expected returns and pricing, and other factors that go into the overall evaluation of the investment opportunity. Our management team actively looks to source proprietary investment opportunities that are not being generally marketed for sale.
Underwriting and Analysis
As part of a potential property acquisition, we evaluate the creditworthiness of the tenant and the tenant’s ability to generate sufficient cash flow to make payments to us pursuant to the lease. We evaluate each potential tenant for its creditworthiness, considering factors such as the tenant’s rating by a national credit rating agency, if any, management experience, industry position and fundamentals, operating history and capital structure. We may seek tenants who are small to middle-market businesses, many of which do not have publicly rated debt. We may also lease properties to large, publicly traded companies in order to diversify the overall credit quality of our tenant base. The creditworthiness of a tenant is determined on a tenant-by-tenant and case-by-case basis. Therefore, general standards for creditworthiness cannot be applied.
Due Diligence Review
We perform a due diligence review with respect to each potential property acquisition, such as evaluating the physical condition, evaluating compliance with zoning and site requirements, as well as completing an environmental site assessment in an attempt to determine potential environmental liabilities associated with a property prior to its acquisition, although there can be no assurance that hazardous substances or wastes (as defined by present or future federal or state laws or regulations) will not be discovered on the property after we acquire it.
We review the structural soundness of the improvements on the property and typically engage a structural engineer to review all aspects of the structures in order to determine the longevity of each building on the property. This review normally also includes the components of each building, such as the roof, the electrical wiring, the heating and air-conditioning system, the plumbing, parking lot and various other aspects such as compliance with federal, state and local building codes.
We physically inspect the real estate and surrounding area as part of our process for determining the value of the real estate. Our due diligence is structured to assist us in determining the value of the property, which is based on, among other things, historical and projected operating results as well as the value of the real estate under the assumption that it was not rented to the current tenant. As part of this process, we may consider one or more of the following items:
· | the comparable value of similar real estate in the same general area of the prospective property; |
· | the comparable real estate rental rates for similar properties in the same area of the prospective property; |
· | alternative property uses that may offer higher value; |
· | the cost of replacing the property; and |
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· | any barriers to entry to construct competing properties. |
We may supplement our valuation with a real estate appraisal. When appropriate, we may also engage experts to undertake some or all of the due diligence efforts described above.
Credit Underwriting
As part of our investment process, we conduct a review of the tenant’s credit profile which may include a review of any or all of the following:
· | the tenant’s and/or its affiliates’ historical financials; |
· | the tenant’s and/or its affiliates’ industry and its competitive position; |
· | the tenant’s and/or its affiliates’ business plan and financial projections; and |
· | the tenant’s real estate and how a subject property fits into the tenant’s operations. |
We may also conduct interviews with management and owners of the tenant and/or its affiliates as a part of this process.
Investment policy
All real estate investments, dispositions and financings must be approved by a credit committee consisting of our most senior officers, including the affirmative approval of our Chief Executive Officer. Real estate investments and dispositions at a loss (based on book value at the time of sale) having a transaction value greater than $20.0 million must also be approved by the investment committee of our board of directors. Our board of directors must approve all such transactions having a value of $50.0 million or more. Additionally, the investment committee must approve non-recourse financings greater than $20.0 million and our board of directors must approve all recourse financings, regardless of amount, and non-recourse financings of $50.0 million or more and all related-party transactions, regardless of amount. For purposes of approval thresholds, joint ventures and equity investments are calculated without regard for the joint venture or equity investment structure and are calculated assuming we are acquiring 100% of the property or borrowing 100% of the financing.
We generally intend to hold the investment properties we acquire for an extended period. However, circumstances might arise which could result in the early sale of some properties. We also may acquire a portfolio of properties with the intention of holding only a core group of properties and disposing of the remainder of the portfolio in single or multiple sales. The determination of whether a particular property should be sold or otherwise disposed of will be made after consideration of all relevant factors, including prevailing economic conditions, with a view to achieving maximum capital appreciation. The selling price of a property will depend on many of the same factors identified above with respect to our investment process for acquisitions.
We may use TRSs to acquire or hold property, including assets that may not be deemed to be REIT-qualified assets. Taxes paid by such entity will reduce the cash available to us to fund our continuing operations and cash available for distributions to our stockholders.
Some of our investments have been made and may continue to be made through joint ventures and equity investments, which permit us to own interests in larger properties or portfolios without restricting the diversity of our portfolio. We will not enter into a joint venture or equity investment to make an investment that we would not otherwise purchase on our own under our existing investment policies. As of December 31, 2014, we have investments in one joint venture and one equity investment. Our joint venture investment consists of a 25% interest in a fee interest in 200 Franklin Square Drive, Somerset New Jersey which is 100% net leased to Philips Holdings, USA Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Royal Philips Electronics, through December 2021, or Philips HQ JV. Our equity investment consists of interests of approximately 20%, representing an equity capital commitment of approximately $60.5 (€50.0 million) million, in the Gramercy European Property Fund.
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Use of Leverage
In addition to cash on hand and cash from operations, we anticipate using funds from various sources to finance our acquisitions and operations, including public and private equity issuances, unsecured bank credit facilities and term loans, property-level mortgage debt, OP units and other sources that may become available from time to time. We believe that moderate leverage is prudent. We aspire over time to become an investment grade rated borrower, which may allow us to issue other forms of public and private debt instruments.
We expect that any property-level mortgage borrowings will be structured as non-recourse to us, with limited exceptions that would trigger recourse to us only upon the occurrence of certain fraud, misconduct, environmental, bankruptcy or similar events.
In June 2014, we entered into a Revolving Credit and Term Loan Agreement for a $400.0 million unsecured credit facility consisting of a $200.0 million senior term loan, or the Term Loan, and a $200.0 million senior revolving credit facility, or the Unsecured Credit Facility. We expanded the Unsecured Credit Facility in January 2015, increasing the revolving borrowing capacity thereunder to $400.0 million, which increased our aggregate borrowing capacity under the Unsecured Credit Facility and Term Loan to $600.0 million. The Term Loan expires in June 2019 and was used to repay the existing $200.0 million mortgage loan secured by the Bank of America Portfolio at the time of our acquisition of the remaining 50% equity interest in the Bank of America Portfolio joint venture, as discussed in Note 5 of our Consolidated Financial Statements. The Unsecured Credit Facility expires in June 2018, with an option for a one-year extension, and replaces our previously existing $150.0 million secured credit facility, or the Secured Credit Facility, which was terminated simultaneously. The Term Loan and the Unsecured Credit Facility are guaranteed by Gramercy Property Trust Inc. and certain subsidiaries.
In March 2014, we issued $115.0 million of 3.75% unsecured exchangeable senior notes, or the Exchangeable Senior Notes. The Exchangeable Senior Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Operating Partnership and are guaranteed by us on a senior unsecured basis. The Exchangeable Senior Notes mature on March 15, 2019, unless redeemed, repurchased or exchanged in accordance with their terms prior to such date. The Exchangeable Senior Notes will be exchangeable, under certain circumstances, for cash, for shares of our common stock or for a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at the Operating Partnership's election. The Exchangeable Senior Notes will also be exchangeable prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the stated maturity date, at any time beginning on December 15, 2018, and also upon the occurrence of certain events. On or after March 20, 2017, in certain circumstances, the Operating Partnership may redeem all or part of the Exchangeable Senior Notes for cash at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Exchangeable Senior Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. The Exchangeable Senior Notes have an initial and current exchange rate of 161.1863 and 161.5329, respectively, shares of our common stock per $1.0 thousand principal amount of the Exchangeable Senior Notes, representing an exchange price of approximately $6.20 and $6.19, respectively, per share of our common stock.
We intend to use unsecured credit facilities and other entity level borrowings in the future as a part of our overall capital structure.
Our organizational documents do not limit the amount or percentage of indebtedness that we may incur. The amount of leverage we will deploy for particular investments will depend on an assessment of a variety of factors, which may include the availability and cost of financing the assets, the creditworthiness of our tenants, the health of the U.S. economy and commercial mortgage markets, our outlook for the level, slope and volatility of interest rates, and the overall quality of the properties that secure the indebtedness.
Asset and Property Management
In addition to net leased investing, we also operate a commercial real estate management business for third parties. As of December 31, 2014, this business, which operates under the name Gramercy Asset Management, manages approximately $1.1 billion of commercial properties. We manage properties for companies including KBS Real Estate Investment Trust, Inc., or KBS, Oak Tree Capital Management, L.P., and the Gramercy European Property Fund.
We have an integrated asset management platform within Gramercy Asset Management to consolidate responsibility for, and control over, leasing, lease administration, property management, operations, construction management, tenant relationship management and property accounting. To the extent that we provide asset management services for third-party property owners, we provide such services in consultation with and at the direction of such owners.
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Our Management Agreement with KBS provides for a base management fee of $7.5 million per year as well as certain other fees as provided therein. The term of the Management Agreement will continue to December 31, 2016 (with a one year extension option exercisable by KBS), unless earlier terminated as therein provided, and also provides incentive fees in the form of profit participation ranging from 10% – 30% of incentive profits earned on sales.
In December 2014, we assumed a Property and Asset Management Agreement, or Gramercy Europe Management Agreement, in connection with our acquisition of ThreadGreen Europe Limited, which we subsequently renamed Gramercy Europe Asset Management. Pursuant to the Gramercy Europe Management Agreement, Gramercy Europe Asset Management will provide property, asset management and advisory services to an existing portfolio of single-tenant industrial and office assets located in Germany, Finland, and Switzerland.
Our Investment Process – Europe
The process for acquiring Gramercy European Property Fund properties is similar to the process we follow for our United States investments, including, without limitation, procedures for underwriting and analysis, due diligence review and credit underwriting. However, because Gramercy European Property Fund invests in various countries throughout Europe, the unique regulatory and tax structures in the jurisdictions where the properties are located must also be analyzed and can have a significant impact on the Fund’s decision to invest or not invest in a particular jurisdiction. Gramercy European Property Fund also may employ different financing, leverage and hedging strategies than those we apply to our United States investments.
Commercial Real Estate Finance
In March 2013, we disposed of our Gramercy Finance segment, and exited the commercial real estate finance business. Our commercial real estate finance business invested in and managed a diversified portfolio of real estate loans, including whole loans, bridge loans, subordinate interests in whole loans, mezzanine loans, Commercial Mortgage-backed securities, or CMBS, and preferred equity involving commercial properties throughout the United States, and which held interests in real estate properties acquired through foreclosures. The disposal was completed pursuant to a sale and purchase agreement to transfer the collateral management and sub-special servicing agreements for our three collateralized debt obligations, or CDOs, to CWCapital Investments LLC, or CWCapital, for proceeds of $6.3 million in cash, after expenses. We retained our noninvestment grade subordinate bonds, preferred shares and ordinary shares, or the Retained CDO Bonds, in the CDOs, which may allow us to recoup additional proceeds over the remaining life of the CDOs based upon resolution of underlying assets within the CDOs. However, there is no guarantee that we will realize any proceeds from the Retained CDO Bonds or what the timing of these proceeds might be. On March 15, 2013, we deconsolidated the assets and liabilities of Gramercy Finance from our Consolidated Financial Statements and recognized a gain on the disposal of $389.1 million within discontinued operations. The carrying value of the Retained CDO Bonds was $4.3 million as of December 31, 2014.
In addition to our Retained CDO Bonds, we expect to receive additional cash proceeds for past CDO servicing advances when specific assets within the CDOs are liquidated. We received reimbursements of $7.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2014, and the carrying value of the receivable for servicing advance reimbursements as of December 31, 2014 is $1.5 million. We do not anticipate receiving a substantial portion of the remaining CDO servicing advance reimbursements until the second half of 2015.
Hedging Activities
We may use a variety of commonly used derivative instruments that are considered conventional, or “plain vanilla” derivatives, including interest rate swaps, caps, collars and floors, in our risk management strategy to limit the effects of changes in interest rates on our operations. We may, from time to time, use derivative instruments in connection with the private placement of equity.
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Our hedging strategy consists of entering into interest rate swap and interest rate cap contracts. The value of our derivatives may fluctuate over time in response to changing market conditions, and will tend to change inversely with the value of the risk in our liabilities that we intend to hedge. Hedges are sometimes ineffective because the correlation between changes in value of the underlying investment and the derivative instrument is less than was expected when the hedging transaction was undertaken. We continuously monitor the effectiveness of our hedging strategies and we have retained the services of an outside financial services firm with expertise in the use of derivative instruments to advise us on our overall hedging strategy, to effect hedging trades, and to provide the appropriate designation and accounting of all hedging activities from a GAAP and tax accounting and reporting perspective.
These instruments are used to hedge as much of the interest rate risk as we determine is in the best interest of our stockholders, given the cost of such hedges. To the extent that we enter into a hedging contract to reduce interest rate risk on indebtedness incurred to acquire or carry real estate assets, any income that we derive from the contract is not considered income for purposes of the REIT 95% gross income test and is either non-qualifying for the 75% gross income test (hedges entered into prior to August 1, 2008), or is not considered income for purposes of the 75% gross income test (hedges entered into after July 31, 2008). This change in character for the 75% gross income test was included in the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008. We can elect to bear a level of interest rate risk that could otherwise be hedged when we believe, based on all relevant facts, that bearing such risk is advisable.
We intend to hedge our foreign currency exposure related to our investments made in Europe by financing our investments in the local currency denominations.
Equity Capital Policies
Subject to applicable law and our charter, our board of directors has the authority, without further stockholder approval, to issue additional authorized common stock and preferred stock or otherwise raise capital, including through the issuance of senior securities, in any manner and on the terms and for the consideration it deems appropriate.
We may, under certain circumstances, repurchase our common or preferred stock in private transactions with our stockholders if those purchases are approved by our board of directors and are in accordance with our charter. Our board of directors has no present intention of causing us to repurchase any shares, and any action would only be taken in conformity with applicable federal and state laws and the applicable requirements for qualifying as a REIT, for so long as our board of directors concludes that we should remain a qualified REIT.
Future Revisions in Policies and Strategies
If our board of directors determines that additional funding is required, we may raise such funds through additional offerings of equity or debt securities or the retention of cash flow (subject to REIT distribution requirements) or a combination of these methods. In the event that our board of directors decides to raise additional equity capital, it has the authority, without obtaining stockholder approval, to issue additional common stock or preferred stock in any manner and on such terms and for such consideration as it deems appropriate, at any time. Our investment guidelines and our portfolio and leverage are periodically reviewed by our board of directors.
Competition
The market for acquiring well-positioned net leased properties is currently very competitive and likely to remain very competitive for the foreseeable future. We compete for net leased real estate with a variety of other potential purchasers, including other public and private real estate investment companies, some of which have greater financial or other resources than we do. We also compete for tenants with other net leased property owners. Deteriorating investment opportunities in a highly competitive marketplace may negatively impact our pace of acquisitions, the prices we pay for the properties we acquire and our results from operations.
Although we believe that we are positioned to compete effectively in each facet of our business, there is considerable competition in our market sector and there can be no assurance that we will compete effectively or that we will not encounter increased competition in the future that could limit our ability to conduct our business effectively.
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Compliance With The Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990
Properties that we acquire, and the properties underlying our investments, are required to meet federal requirements related to access and use by disabled persons as a result of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, or the Americans with Disabilities Act. In addition, a number of additional federal, state and local laws may require modifications to any properties we purchase, or may restrict further renovations of our properties, with respect to access by disabled persons. Noncompliance with these laws or regulations could result in the imposition of fines or an award of damages to private litigants. Additional legislation could impose additional financial obligations or restrictions with respect to access by disabled persons. If required changes involve greater expenditures than we currently anticipate, or if the changes must be made on a more accelerated basis, our ability to make distributions could be adversely affected.
Other Information
Our corporate office is located in midtown Manhattan at 521 Fifth Avenue, 30th Floor, New York, New York 10175. We also have regional offices located in London, United Kingdom, Horsham, Pennsylvania, and Clayton, Missouri. We can be contacted at (212) 297-1000. We maintain a website at www.gptreit.com. Our reference to our website is intended to be an inactive textual reference only. On our website, you can obtain, free of charge, a copy of our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, as soon as practicable after we file such material electronically with, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC. We have also made available on our website our audit committee charter, compensation committee charter, nominating and corporate governance committee charter, code of business conduct and ethics and corporate governance principles. Information on, or accessible through, our website is not part of, and is not incorporated into, this report. You can also read and copy materials we file with the SEC at its Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549 (1-800-SEC-0330). The SEC maintains an Internet site (www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding the issuers that file electronically with the SEC.
Industry Segments
As of December 31, 2014, we have two reportable operating segments: Investments/Corporate and Asset Management. The reportable segments were determined based on the management approach, which looks to our internal organizational structure. These two lines of business require different support infrastructures. The Investments/Corporate segment includes all of our activities related to investment and ownership of commercial properties net leased to high quality tenants throughout the United States. The Investments/Corporate segment generates revenues from rental revenues from properties that we own, either directly or in a joint venture or equity investment. The Asset Management segment includes substantially all of our activities related to third-party asset and property management of commercial properties located throughout the United States and Europe. Segment revenue and profit information is presented in Note 18 to our financial statements.
Employees
As of December 31, 2014, we had 103 employees. Our employees are not represented by a collective bargaining agreement.
Corporate Governance and Internet Address; Where Readers Can Find Additional Information
We emphasize the importance of professional business conduct and ethics through our corporate governance initiatives. Our board of directors consists of a majority of independent directors; the Audit, Nominating and Corporate Governance, and Compensation Committees of our board of directors are composed exclusively of independent directors. We have adopted corporate governance guidelines and a code of business conduct and ethics.
We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information required by the Exchange Act with the SEC. Readers may read and copy any document that we file at the SEC’s Public Reference Room located at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549, U.S.A. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the Public Reference Room. Our SEC filings are also available to the public from the SEC’s internet site at www.sec.gov. Copies of these reports, proxy statements and other information can also be inspected at the offices of the New York Stock Exchange, Inc., 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005.
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Our internet site is www.gptreit.com. Our reference to our website is intended to be an inactive textual reference only. We make available free of charge through our internet site our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements and Forms 3, 4 and 5 filed on behalf of directors and executive officers and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. Also posted on our website in the “Investor Relations — Corporate Governance” section are charters for our Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee as well as our Corporate Governance Guidelines and our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics governing our directors, officers and employees. Information on, or accessible through, our website is not a part of, and is not incorporated into, this report.
Environmental Matters
The properties we own and will acquire are subject to various federal, state and local environmental laws. Under these laws, courts and government agencies have the authority to require us, as owner of a contaminated property, to clean up the property, even if we did not know of or were not responsible for the contamination. These laws also apply to persons who owned a property at the time it became contaminated, and therefore it is possible we could incur these costs even after we sell some of our properties. In addition to the costs of cleanup, environmental contamination can affect the value of a property and, therefore, an owner’s ability to borrow using the property as collateral or to sell the property. Under applicable environmental laws, courts and government agencies also have the authority to require that a person who sent waste to a waste disposal facility, such as a landfill or an incinerator, pay for the clean-up of that facility if it becomes contaminated and threatens human health or the environment.
Furthermore, various court decisions have established that third parties may recover damages for injury caused by property contamination. For instance, a person exposed to asbestos at one of our properties may seek to recover damages if he or she suffers injury from the asbestos. Lastly, some of these environmental laws restrict the use of a property or place conditions on various activities. An example would be laws that require a business using chemicals to manage them carefully and to notify local officials that the chemicals are being used.
We could be responsible for any of the costs discussed above. The costs to clean up a contaminated property, to defend against a claim, or to comply with environmental laws could be material and could adversely affect the funds available for distribution to our stockholders. In order to mitigate exposure to environmental liability, we maintain an environmental insurance policy that covers substantially all of our properties that expires in October 2019.
We generally obtain “Phase I environmental site assessments,” or “ESAs,” on each property prior to acquiring it. However, these ESAs may not reveal all environmental costs that might have a material adverse effect on our business, assets, results of operations or liquidity and may not identify all potential environmental liabilities. Additionally, our leases generally require our tenants to conduct their operations at our properties in compliance with applicable federal, state and local environmental laws, to promptly notify us of the occurrence of any environmental contaminations or similar issues and to indemnify us against claims resulting from their failure to so act. However, there can be no assurance that our tenants will notify us as required, or further, have funds or assets at the time indemnification is sought that are sufficient to properly indemnify us against any such claims.
While we purchase many of our properties on an “as is” basis, our purchase contracts for such properties contain an environmental contingency clause, which permits us to reject a property because of any environmental hazard at such property. However, we do acquire properties which may have asbestos abatement requirements, for which we set aside appropriate reserves.
We believe that our portfolio is in compliance in all material respects with all federal and state regulations regarding hazardous or toxic substances and other environmental matters.
Insurance
We carry commercial liability and all risk property insurance, including where required, flood, earthquake, wind and terrorism coverage, on substantially all of the properties that we own. For certain net leased properties, however, we rely on our tenant’s insurance and do not maintain separate coverage. We continue to monitor the state of the insurance market and the scope and costs of specialty coverage, including flood, earthquake, wind and terrorism. We cannot anticipate what coverage will be available on commercially reasonable terms in future policy years. We believe that the insured limits are appropriate given the relative risk of loss, the cost of the coverage and industry practice.
In order to mitigate exposure to environmental liability, we maintain an environmental insurance policy that covers substantially all of our properties that expires in October 2019. However, the policy is subject to exclusions and limitations and does not cover all of the properties owned by us, and for those properties covered under the policy, insurance may not fully compensate us for any environmental liability. We have no assurance that the insurer on our environmental insurance policy will be able to meet its obligations under the policy. We may not desire to renew the environmental insurance policy in place upon expiration or a replacement policy may not be available at a reasonable cost, if at all.
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Risks Related to Our Business and Investments
Our future growth will depend upon our ability to acquire and lease properties in a competitive real estate business.
Our future growth will depend, in large part, upon our ability to acquire and lease properties. In order to grow we need to continue to acquire and finance investment properties and sell non-core properties. We face significant competition with respect to our acquisition and origination of assets from many other companies, including other REITs, insurance companies, private investment funds, hedge funds, specialty finance companies and other investors. Some competitors may have a lower cost of funds and access to funding sources that are not available to us. In addition, some of our competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and establish more relationships than us. Furthermore, there is significant competition on a national, regional and local level with respect to property management services and in commercial real estate services generally, and we are subject to competition from large national and multi-national firms as well as local or regional firms that offer similar services to ours. Some of our competitors may have greater financial and operational resources, larger customer bases, and more established relationships with their customers and suppliers than we do. The competitive pressures we face, if not effectively managed, may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations.
Also, as a result of this competition, we may not be able to take advantage of attractive origination and investment opportunities and therefore may not be able to identify and pursue opportunities that are consistent with our objectives. Competition may limit the number of suitable investment opportunities offered to us. It may also result in higher prices, lower yields and a narrower spread of yields over our borrowing costs, making it more difficult for us to acquire new investments on attractive terms. In addition, competition for desirable investments could delay our investment in desirable assets, which may in turn reduce our earnings per share and negatively affect our ability to declare and make distributions to our stockholders.
If we cannot obtain additional capital, our ability to make acquisitions and lease properties will be limited. We are subject to risks associated with debt and capital stock issuances, and such issuances may have consequences to holders of our common and preferred stock.
Our ability to make acquisitions and lease properties will depend, in large part, upon our ability to raise additional capital. If we were to raise additional capital through the issuance of equity securities, we could dilute the interests of holders of our common stock. Our board of directors may authorize the issuance of additional classes or series of preferred stock which may have rights that could dilute, or otherwise adversely affect, the interest of holders of our common stock.
We intend to incur additional indebtedness in the future, which may include an additional corporate credit facility. Such indebtedness could also have other important consequences to holders of the notes and holders of our common and preferred stock, including subjecting us to covenants restricting our operating flexibility, increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions, limiting our ability to obtain additional financing to fund future working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate requirements, requiring the use of a portion of our cash flow from operations for the payment of principal and interest on our indebtedness, thereby reducing our ability to use our cash flow to fund working capital, acquisitions, capital expenditures and general corporate requirements, and limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and our industry.
As a result of our acquisition of the remaining 50% equity interest of the Bank of America Portfolio joint venture from Garrison Investment Group on June 9, 2014 (the “Joint Venture Acquisition”), we have reduced diversification in number of investments and increased our dependence on individual investments.
Nearly 100% of the properties in the Bank of America Portfolio are leased to Bank of America. The rent generated from these properties represents a significant portion of our rental income. Due to the completion of the Joint Venture Acquisition, the cash flow generated from these properties now represents an even greater portion of our cash flow and decreases our overall diversification. If Bank of America defaults or is otherwise unable to perform under its lease obligations, it would negatively impact our cash flows and overall financial condition. Additionally, because Bank of America operates in the financial services industry, any disruptions in the financial markets or downturns in the financial services industry could cause us to experience higher rates of lease default or terminations than we otherwise would if our tenant base was more diversified.
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Lack of diversification in number of investments increases our dependence on individual investments.
If we acquire other property interests that are similarly large in relation to our overall size, our portfolio could become even more concentrated, increasing the risk of loss to stockholders if a default or other problem arises. Alternatively, property sales may reduce the aggregate amount of our property investment portfolio in value or number. As a result, our portfolio could become concentrated in larger assets, thereby reducing the benefits of diversification by geography, property type, tenancy or other measures.
We may never reach sufficient size to achieve diversity in our portfolio.
We are presently a comparatively small net leased company with a modest number of warehouse and industrial properties and a proportionally large investment in the Bank of America Portfolio, resulting in a portfolio that lacks geographic and tenant diversity. While we intend to endeavor to grow and diversify our portfolio through additional property acquisitions, we may never reach a significant size to achieve true portfolio diversity.
We are dependent on key personnel whose continued service is not guaranteed.
We rely on a small number of persons who comprise our existing senior management team and our board of directors to implement our business and investment strategies. While we have entered into employment and/or retention agreements with certain members of our senior management team, they may nevertheless cease to provide services to us at any time.
The loss of services of any of our key management personnel or directors or significant numbers of other employees, or our inability to recruit and retain qualified personnel or directors in the future, could have an adverse effect on our business.
We are required to make a number of judgments in applying accounting policies, and different estimates and assumptions in the application of these policies could result in changes to our reporting of financial condition and results of operations.
Various estimates are used in the preparation of our financial statements, including estimates related to asset and liability valuations (or potential impairments) and various receivables. Often these estimates require the use of market data values which may be difficult to assess, as well as estimates of future performance or receivables collectability which may be difficult to accurately predict. While we have identified those accounting policies that are considered critical and have procedures in place to facilitate the associated judgments, different assumptions in the application of these policies could result in material changes to our financial condition and results of operations.
We utilize, and intend to continue to utilize, leverage which may limit our financial flexibility in the future.
We make acquisitions and operate our business in part through the utilization of leverage pursuant to loan agreements with various financial institutions. These loan agreements contain financial covenants that restrict our operations. These financial covenants, as well as any future financial covenants we may enter into through further loan agreements, could inhibit our financial flexibility in the future and prevent distributions to stockholders.
We may incur losses as a result of ineffective risk management processes and strategies.
We seek to monitor and control our risk exposure through a risk and control framework encompassing a variety of separate but complementary financial, credit, operational, compliance and legal reporting systems, internal controls, management review processes and other mechanisms. While we employ a broad and diversified set of risk monitoring and risk mitigation techniques, those techniques and the judgments that accompany their application cannot anticipate every economic and financial outcome or the specifics and timing of such outcomes. Thus, we may, in the course of our activities, incur losses due to these risks.
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We are highly dependent on information systems and third parties, and systems failures could significantly disrupt our business, which may, in turn, negatively affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
Our business is highly dependent on communications and information systems, some of which are provided by third parties. Any failure or interruption of our systems could cause delays or other problems, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and negatively affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
We expect to lease a significant portion of our real estate to middle-market businesses which may be more susceptible to adverse market conditions.
We expect that a substantial number of our properties will be leased to middle-market businesses that generally have less financial and other resources than larger businesses. Middle-market companies are more likely to be adversely affected by a downturn in their respective businesses or in the regional, national or international economy. As such, negative market conditions affecting existing or potential middle-market tenants, or the industries in which they operate, could materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
We may be adversely affected by unfavorable economic changes in geographic areas where our properties are concentrated.
Adverse conditions (including business layoffs or downsizing, industry slowdowns, changing demographics and other factors) in the areas where our properties are located and/or concentrated (such as California), and local real estate conditions (such as oversupply of, or reduced demand for, office, industrial or retail properties) may have an adverse effect on the value of our properties. A material decline in the demand or the ability of tenants to pay rent for office, industrial or retail space in these geographic areas may result in a material decline in our cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
We may not be able to relet or renew leases at the properties held by us on terms favorable to us or at all.
We are subject to risks that upon expiration or earlier termination of the leases for space located at our properties the space may not be relet or, if relet, the terms of the renewal or reletting (including the costs of required renovations or concessions to tenants) may be less favorable than current lease terms. Any of these situations may result in extended periods where there is a significant decline in revenues or no revenues generated by a property. If we are unable to relet or renew leases for all or substantially all of the spaces at these properties, if the rental rates upon such renewal or reletting are significantly lower than expected, if our reserves for these purposes prove inadequate, or if we are required to make significant renovations or concessions to tenants as part of the renewal or reletting process, we will experience a reduction in net income and may be required to reduce or eliminate distributions to our stockholders.
The bankruptcy, insolvency or diminished creditworthiness of our tenants under their leases or delays by our tenants in making rental payments could seriously harm our operating results and financial condition.
We lease our properties to tenants, and we receive rents from our tenants during the terms of their respective leases. A tenant’s ability to pay rent is often initially determined by the creditworthiness of the tenant. However, if a tenant’s credit deteriorates, the tenant may default on its obligations under its lease and the tenant may also become bankrupt. The bankruptcy or insolvency of our tenants or other failure to pay is likely to adversely affect the income produced by our real estate investments. Any bankruptcy filings by or relating to one of our tenants could bar us from collecting pre-bankruptcy debts from that tenant or its property, unless we receive an order permitting us to do so from the bankruptcy court. A tenant bankruptcy could delay our efforts to collect past due balances under the relevant leases, and could ultimately preclude full collection of these sums. If a tenant files for bankruptcy, we may not be able to evict the tenant solely because of such bankruptcy or failure to pay. A court, however, may authorize a tenant to reject and terminate its lease with us. In such a case, our claim against the tenant for unpaid, future rent would be subject to a statutory cap that might be substantially less than the remaining rent owed under the lease. In addition, certain amounts paid to us within 90 days prior to the tenant’s bankruptcy filing could be required to be returned to the tenant’s bankruptcy estate. In any event, it is highly unlikely that a bankrupt or insolvent tenant would pay in full amounts it owes us under its lease. In other circumstances, where a tenant’s financial condition has become impaired, we may agree to partially or wholly terminate the lease in advance of the termination date in consideration for a lease termination fee that is likely less than the agreed rental amount. If a lease is rejected by a tenant in bankruptcy, we would have only a general unsecured claim for damages. Any unsecured claim we hold against a bankrupt entity may be paid only to the extent that funds are available and only in the same percentage as is paid to all other holders of unsecured claims. We may recover substantially less than the full value of any unsecured claims, which would harm our financial condition.
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Certain of our properties, including a substantial majority of those in our Bank of America Portfolio, are leased to banks that are not eligible to be debtors under the federal bankruptcy code, but would be subject to the liquidation and insolvency provisions of applicable banking laws and regulations. If the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation were appointed as receiver of a banking tenant because of a tenant’s insolvency, we would become an unsecured creditor of the tenant and be entitled to share with the other unsecured non-depositor creditors in the tenant’s assets on an equal basis after payment to the depositors of their claims. In this event, we may recover substantially less than the full value of any unsecured claims, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition, as well as our ability to make distributions to our stockholders at historical levels or at all.
Lease defaults or terminations or landlord-tenant disputes may adversely reduce our income from our leased property portfolio.
Lease defaults or terminations by one or more of our significant tenants may reduce our revenues unless a default is cured or a suitable replacement tenant is found promptly. In addition, disputes may arise between the landlord and tenant that result in the tenant withholding rent payments, possibly for an extended period. These disputes may lead to litigation or other legal procedures to secure payment of the rent withheld or to evict the tenant. In other circumstances, a tenant may have a contractual right to abate or suspend rent payments. Even without such right, a tenant might determine to do so. Any of these situations may result in extended periods during which there is a significant decline in revenues or no revenues generated by the property. If this were to occur, it could adversely affect our results of operations.
We could be adversely affected by various facts and events related to our properties over which we have limited or no control.
We could be adversely affected by various facts and events over which we have limited or no control, such as (i) oversupply of space and changes in market rental rates; (ii) economic or physical decline of the areas where the properties are located; and (iii) deterioration of the physical condition of our properties. Negative market conditions or adverse events affecting our existing or potential tenants, or the industries in which they operate, could have an adverse impact on our ability to attract new tenants, re-lease space, collect rent or renew leases, any of which could adversely affect our financial condition.
Inflation may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Although inflation has not materially impacted our results of operations in the recent past, increased inflation could have a more pronounced negative impact on any variable rate debt we incur in the future and on our results of operations. During times when inflation is greater than increases in rent, the contracted rent increases called for under our leases may be unable to keep pace with the rate of inflation. Likewise, even though our triple-net leases generally reduce our exposure to rising property expenses resulting from inflation, substantial inflationary pressures and increased costs may have an adverse impact on our tenants, which may adversely affect the tenants’ ability to pay rent.
Our net leases may require us to pay property-related expenses that are not the obligations of our tenants.
Under the terms of the majority of our net leases, in addition to satisfying their rent obligations, our tenants are responsible for the payment of real estate taxes, insurance and ordinary maintenance and repairs. However, pursuant to certain of our current leases and leases we may assume or enter into in the future, we may be required to pay certain expenses, such as the costs of environmental liabilities, roof and structural repairs, insurance, certain non-structural repairs and maintenance and other costs and expenses for which insurance proceeds or other means of recovery are not available. If one or more of our properties incur significant expenses under the terms of the leases, such property, our business, financial condition and results of operations will be adversely affected and the amount of cash available to meet expenses and to make distributions to our stockholders may be reduced.
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We may be required to reimburse tenants for overpayments of estimated operating expenses.
Under certain of our leases, including the lease for the Bank of American Portfolio, tenants pay us as additional rent their proportionate share of the costs we incur to manage, operate and maintain the buildings and properties where they rent space. These leases often limit the types and amounts of expenses we can pass through to our tenants and allow the tenants to audit and contest our determination of the operating expenses they are required to pay. Given the complexity of certain additional rent calculations, tenant audit rights under large portfolio leases can remain unresolved for several years. The tenant under the Bank of America Portfolio lease, for example, is still auditing certain categories of operating expenses for the 2007 and subsequent lease years. If as a result of a tenant audit it is determined that we have collected more additional rent than we are permitted to collect under a lease, we must refund the excess amount back to the tenant and, sometimes, also reimburse the tenant for its audit costs. Such unexpected reimbursement payments could materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Net leases may not result in fair market lease rates over time, which could negatively impact our income and reduce the amount of funds available to make distributions to our stockholders.
The vast majority of our rental income comes from net leases, which generally provide the tenant greater discretion in using the leased property than ordinary property leases, such as the right to freely sublease the property, to make alterations in the leased premises and to terminate the lease prior to its expiration under specified circumstances. Furthermore, net leases typically have longer lease terms and, thus, there is an increased risk that contractual rental increases in future years will fail to result in fair market rental rates during those years. As a result, our income and distributions to our stockholders could be lower than they would otherwise be if we did not engage in net leases.
Real estate investments are not as liquid as other types of assets, which may reduce economic returns to investors.
Real estate investments are not as liquid as other types of investments. In addition, the instruments that we purchase in connection with privately negotiated transactions are not registered under the relevant securities laws, resulting in a prohibition against their transfer, sale, pledge or other disposition except in a transaction that is exempt from the registration requirements of, or is otherwise in accordance with, those laws. As a result, our ability to sell under-performing assets in our portfolio or respond to changes in economic and other conditions may be relatively limited.
Actions of our joint venture partners could negatively impact our performance.
We may, from time to time and as we have done in the past (including Gramercy Europe), co-invest with third parties through various arrangements, including, but not limited to, partnerships, joint ventures, co-tenancies or other entities, or acquire noncontrolling interests in, or share responsibility for managing the affairs of, a property, partnership, joint venture, co-tenancy or other entity. With such investments, we may not be in a position to exercise sole decision-making authority regarding that property, partnership, joint venture or other entity. Investments in partnerships, joint ventures, or other entities may involve risks not present were a third party not involved, including the possibility that our partners, co-tenants or co-venturers might become bankrupt or otherwise fail to fund their share of required capital contributions. Additionally, our partners or co-venturers might at any time have economic or other business interests or goals which are inconsistent with our business interests or goals. These investments may also have the potential risk of impasses on decisions such as a sale, because neither we nor the partner, co-tenant or co-venturer would have full control over the partnership or joint venture. Consequently, actions by such partner, co-tenant or co-venturer might result in subjecting properties owned by the partnership or joint venture to additional risk. In addition, we may in specific circumstances be liable for the actions of our third-party partners, co-tenants or co-venturers.
We may continue to acquire and/or redevelop properties through joint ventures, limited liability companies, partnerships or other entities with other persons or entities when warranted by the circumstances. Such partners may share certain approval rights over major decisions. Such investments may involve risks not otherwise present with other methods of investment in real estate. We generally will seek to maintain sufficient control of our partnerships, limited liability companies, joint ventures or other entities to permit us to achieve our business objectives; however, we may not be able to do so, and the occurrence of one or more of the events described above could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and ability to pay distributions on, and the market price of, our securities.
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An uninsured loss or a loss that exceeds the policies on our properties could subject us to lost capital or revenue on those properties.
Under the terms and conditions of the leases currently in force on our properties, tenants generally are required to indemnify and hold us harmless from liabilities resulting from injury to persons, air, water, land or property, on or off the premises, due to activities conducted on the properties, except for claims arising from the negligence or intentional misconduct of us or our agents. Additionally, tenants are generally required, at the tenants’ expense, to obtain and keep in full force during the term of the lease, liability and property damage insurance policies issued by companies holding general policyholder ratings of at least “A” as set forth in the most current issue of Best’s Insurance Guide. Insurance policies for property damage are generally in amounts not less than the full replacement cost of the improvements less slab, foundations, supports and other customarily excluded improvements and insure against all perils of fire, extended coverage, vandalism, malicious mischief and special extended perils (“all risk,” as that term is used in the insurance industry). Insurance policies are generally obtained by the tenant providing general liability coverage varying between $1.0 million and $10.0 million depending on the facts and circumstances surrounding the tenant and the industry in which it operates. These policies include liability coverage for bodily injury and property damage arising out of the ownership, use, occupancy or maintenance of the properties and all of their appurtenant areas. To the extent that losses are uninsured or underinsured, we could be subject to lost capital and revenue on those properties.
Early termination of our asset management agreement could result in certain unexpected costs.
We have entered into a Management Agreement with KBS to manage a portfolio of properties through December 31, 2016. The Management Agreement may be terminated early by KBS following the occurrence of certain events as defined in the Management Agreement. There can be no assurance a termination will not occur notwithstanding our efforts. Early termination of the Management Agreement would result in unexpected expenses, including severance fees, and the management fees and payments to be received would cease, thereby reducing our expected revenues, which could harm our business and results of operations.
We are subject to risks and uncertainties associated with operating our asset management business.
We will encounter risks and difficulties as we operate our asset management business. In order to achieve our goals as an asset manager, we must:
· | actively manage the assets in such portfolios in order to realize targeted performance; and |
· | create incentives for our management and professional staff to develop and operate the asset management business. |
If we do not successfully operate our asset management business to achieve the investment returns that we or the market anticipates, our operations may be adversely impacted.
We are exposed to litigation risks in our role as asset manager.
Our role as asset manager for properties owned by KBS and others exposes us to litigation risks. In this role, we make asset management and other decisions which could result in adverse financial impacts to third parties. These parties may pursue legal action against us as a result of these decisions, the outcomes of which cannot be certain and may materially adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations.
We may enter into derivative or hedging contracts that could expose us to contingent liabilities and certain risks and costs in the future.
Part of our investment strategy may involve entering into derivative or hedging contracts that could require us to fund cash payments in the future under certain circumstances, such as the early termination of the derivative agreement caused by an event of default or other early termination event, or the decision by a counterparty to request margin securities it is contractually owed under the terms of the derivative contract. The amount due would be equal to the unrealized loss of the open swap positions with the respective counterparty and could also include other fees and charges. These economic losses would be reflected in our financial results of operations, and our ability to fund these obligations will depend on the liquidity of our assets and access to capital at the time, and the need to fund these obligations could adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations.
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Further, the cost of using derivative or hedging instruments increases as the period covered by the instrument increases and during periods of rising and volatile interest rates. We may increase our derivative or hedging activity and thus increase our related costs during periods when interest rates are volatile or rising and hedging costs have increased.
In addition, hedging instruments involve risk since they often are not traded on regulated exchanges, guaranteed by an exchange or its clearing house, or regulated by any U.S. or foreign governmental authorities. Consequently, in many cases, there are no requirements with respect to record keeping, financial responsibility or segregation of customer funds and positions. Furthermore, the enforceability of agreements underlying derivative transactions may depend on compliance with applicable statutory and commodity and other regulatory requirements and, depending on the identity of the counterparty, applicable international requirements. The business failure of a hedging counterparty with whom we enter into a hedging transaction will most likely result in a default. Default by a party with whom we enter into a hedging transaction may result in the loss of unrealized profits and force us to cover our resale commitments, if any, at the then current market price. Although generally we will seek to reserve the right to terminate our hedging positions, it may not always be possible to dispose of or close out a hedging position without the consent of the hedging counterparty, and we may not be able to enter into an offsetting contract in order to cover our risk. We cannot be assured that a liquid secondary market will exist for hedging instruments purchased or sold, and we may be required to maintain a position until exercise or expiration, which could result in losses.
Compliance with changing regulation of corporate governance and public disclosure may result in additional expenses.
Changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, new Securities and Exchange Commission regulations and NYSE rules, are creating uncertainty for companies such as ours. These new or changed laws, regulations, and standards are subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity. As a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies, which could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. We are committed to maintaining high standards of corporate governance and public disclosure. As a result, our efforts to comply with evolving laws, regulations, and standards have resulted in, and are likely to continue to result in, increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities.
We will face particular challenges in maintaining and reporting on our internal controls over financial reporting.
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that we evaluate and report on our system of internal controls and requires that we have our system of internal controls audited. If we fail to maintain adequate internal controls, we could be subject to regulatory scrutiny, civil or criminal penalties and/or stockholder litigation. Any inability to provide reliable financial reports could harm our business and the trading price of our common stock. Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act also requires that our independent registered public accounting firm report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. In addition, acquisition targets may not be in compliance with the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act regarding adequacy of their internal controls. The development of the internal controls of any such entity to achieve compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act may increase the time and costs necessary to complete any such acquisition.
If we identify any material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal controls over financial reporting, we may need to take costly steps to implement improved controls and may be subject to sanctions for failure to comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Such remedial costs or sanctions could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. Further, we would be required to disclose any material weakness in internal controls over financial reporting, and we would receive an adverse opinion on our internal controls over financial reporting from our independent auditors. These factors could cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information and could have a negative effect on the trading price of our stock.
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Risks Related to the Real Estate Industry
Our real estate investments are subject to risks particular to real property.
Real estate investments are subject to risks particular to real property, including:
• | adverse changes in national and local economic and market conditions, including the credit and securitization markets; |
• | changes in governmental laws and regulations, fiscal policies and zoning ordinances and the related costs of compliance with laws and regulations, fiscal policies and ordinances; |
• | takings by condemnation or eminent domain; |
• | real estate conditions, such as an oversupply of or a reduction in demand for real estate space in the area; |
• | the perceptions of tenants and prospective tenants of the convenience, attractiveness and safety of our properties; |
• | competition from comparable properties; |
• | the occupancy rate of our properties; |
• | the ability to collect on a timely basis all rent from tenants; |
• | the effects of any bankruptcies or insolvencies of major tenants; |
• | the expense of re-leasing space; |
• | changes in interest rates and in the availability, cost and terms of mortgage funding; |
• | the impact of present or future environmental legislation and compliance with environmental laws; |
• | acts of war or terrorism, including the consequences of terrorist attacks; | |
• | acts of God, including earthquakes floods and other natural disasters, which may result in uninsured losses; and | |
• | cost of compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act. |
If any of these or similar events occur, it may reduce our return from an affected property or investment and reduce or eliminate our ability to make distributions to stockholders.
Liability relating to environmental matters may impact the value of the properties that we may acquire or underlying our investments.
Under various U.S. federal, state and local laws, an owner or operator of real property may become liable for the costs of removal of certain hazardous substances released on its property. These laws often impose liability without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the release of such hazardous substances. If we fail to disclose environmental issues, we could also be liable to a buyer or lessee of a property.
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There may be environmental problems associated with our properties which we were unaware of at the time of acquisition. The presence of hazardous substances may adversely affect our ability to sell real estate, including the affected property, or borrow using real estate as collateral. The presence of hazardous substances, if any, on our properties may cause us to incur substantial remediation costs, thus harming our financial condition. In addition, although our leases will generally require our tenants to operate in compliance with all applicable laws and to indemnify us against any environmental liabilities arising from a tenant’s activities on the property, we nonetheless would be subject to strict liability by virtue of our ownership interest for environmental liabilities created by such tenants, and we cannot ensure the stockholders that any tenants we might have would satisfy their indemnification obligations under the applicable sales agreement or lease. The discovery of material environmental liabilities attached to such properties could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
Discovery of previously undetected environmentally hazardous conditions, including mold or asbestos, may lead to liability for adverse health effects and costs of remediating the problem could adversely affect our operating results.
Under various U.S. federal, state and local environmental laws, ordinances and regulations, a current or previous owner or operator of real property may be liable for the cost of removal or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances on, under or in such property. The costs of removal or remediation could be substantial. Such laws often impose liability whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of such hazardous or toxic substances. Environmental laws also may impose restrictions on the manner in which property may be used or businesses may be operated, and these restrictions may require substantial expenditures. Environmental laws provide for sanctions in the event of noncompliance and may be enforced by governmental agencies or, in certain circumstances, by private parties. Certain environmental laws and common law principles could be used to impose liability for release of and exposure to hazardous substances, including asbestos-containing materials into the air, and third parties may seek recovery from owners or operators of real properties for personal injury or property damage associated with exposure to released hazardous substances. The cost of defending against claims of liability, of compliance with environmental regulatory requirements, of remediating any contaminated property, or of paying personal injury claims related to any contaminated property could materially adversely affect our business, assets or results of operations and, consequently, amounts available for distribution to our security holders.
Risks Related to Our European Operations
Our Gramercy Europe Asset Management business and our Gramercy European Property Fund expose us to additional risk.
We have an asset and property management business located in the United Kingdom, and have made capital commitments to a joint venture that will target net leased assets across Europe. These investments may be affected by factors particular to the laws of the jurisdiction in which the property is located. These investments may expose us to risks that are different from and in addition to those commonly found in the U.S., including:
· | changing governmental rules and policies; |
· | enactment of laws relating to the foreign ownership of property and laws relating to the ability of foreign entities to remove invested capital or profits earned from activities within the country to the U.S.; |
· | expropriation of investments; |
· | legal systems under which our ability to enforce contractual rights and remedies may be more limited than would be the case under U.S. law; |
· | difficulty in conforming obligations in other countries and the burden of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws, which may be more stringent than U.S. laws, including tax requirements and land use, zoning, and environmental laws, as well as changes in such laws; |
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· | adverse market conditions caused by changes in national or local economic or political conditions; |
· | adverse market conditions caused by changes in national or local economic or political conditions; |
· | tax requirements vary by country and we may be subject to additional taxes as a result of our international investments; |
· | changes in the availability, cost and terms of mortgage funds resulting from varying national economic policies; |
· | changes in real estate and other tax rates and other operating expenses in particular countries; |
· | changes in land use and zoning laws; |
· | more stringent environmental laws or changes in such laws; and |
· | restrictions and/or significant costs in repatriating cash and cash equivalents held in foreign bank accounts. |
In addition, the lack of publicly available information in certain jurisdictions in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S., or GAAP, could impair our ability to analyze transactions and may cause us to forego an investment opportunity. It may also impair our ability to receive timely and accurate financial information from tenants necessary to meet our reporting obligations to financial institutions or governmental or regulatory agencies. Also, we may engage third-party asset managers in international jurisdictions to monitor compliance with legal requirements and lending agreements with respect to properties we own or manage. Failure to comply with applicable requirements may expose us or our operating subsidiaries to additional liabilities.
Moreover, we are subject to changes in foreign exchange rates due to potential fluctuations in exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. Our principal currency exposure is to the euro. We will attempt to mitigate a portion of the risk of currency fluctuation by financing our properties in the local currency denominations, although there can be no assurance that this will be effective. Because we intend to place both our debt obligation to the lender and the tenant’s rental obligation to us in the same currency, our results of foreign operations benefit from a weaker U.S. dollar and are adversely affected by a stronger U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies; that is, absent other considerations, a weaker U.S. dollar will tend to increase both our revenues and our expenses, while a stronger U.S. dollar will tend to reduce both our revenues and our expenses.
Risks Related to Our Legacy Businesses
Our financial information reflects discontinued operations, in addition to our current business operations, and does not provide a meaningful comparison for period over period results.
As a result of our disposition and deconsolidation in 2013 of certain legacy business operations, our financial results for the year do not just report the results of our ongoing net lease and asset management operations, but also reflect revenues and expenses from discontinued operations. Our business and operations have changed substantially over the past two years, and you should not rely on period over period comparisons of our company, or revenues from discontinued operations, as an indication of future results.
Our retained interests in our CDOs are highly speculative; as a result, there will be uncertainty as to the value of these investments.
We retain interests in certain subordinate bonds, preferred shares and ordinary shares in the Gramercy CDOs. These retained interests, or the Retained CDO Bonds, are highly speculative and subject to high fluctuations in purported value. The fair value of the Retained CDO Bonds, which are not publicly traded, may not be readily determinable. We value the Retained CDO Bonds quarterly. Because such valuations are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates, our determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for the Retained CDO Bonds existed. There is no guarantee that we will realize any proceeds from our Retained CDO Bonds, or what the timing of those proceeds might be, and the value of our common stock could be adversely affected if our determinations regarding the fair value of the Retained CDO Bonds were materially higher than the values that we ultimately realize upon their disposal.
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Our Retained CDO Bonds could generate “phantom” income.
Following the sale of the collateral manager agreements in March 2013, we continue to own the Retained CDO Bonds, which could continue to generate taxable income for us despite the fact that we will not receive cash distributions on our equity and subordinated note holdings from the Retained CDO Bonds until overcollateralization tests are met, if at all. Additionally, following the sale of the collateral manager agreements, we do not control or have influence over the factors that most directly affect the overcollateralization and interest coverage tests of the respective Retained CDO Bonds. Should these Retained CDO Bonds continue to generate taxable income with no corresponding receipt of cash flow, our taxable income would continue to be recognized on each underlying investment in the relevant CDO. We would continue to be required to distribute 90% of our REIT taxable income (determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding net capital gain) from these transactions to continue to qualify as a REIT, despite the fact that we may not receive cash distributions on our equity and subordinated note holdings from the Retained CDO Bonds.
We are exposed to litigation and other risks from our prior roles as collateral manager and sub-special servicer for our 2005, 2006 and 2007 collateralized debt obligations.
Prior to March 2013, certain of our affiliates acted as collateral manager and sub-special servicer for our 2005, 2006 and 2007 collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs” and, collectively, the “Gramercy CDOs”). In these roles, we made investment, loan work-out and other decisions which could result in adverse financial impacts to third-parties. In particular, the discretion that we exercised in managing the collateral for the Gramercy CDOs could result in a liability due to inherent uncertainties surrounding the course of action that will result in the best long term results with respect to such collateral and investments. This risk could be increased due to the affiliated nature of our roles. In such roles, we could be subject to legal action as a result of these decisions, the outcomes of which cannot be certain and may materially adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations. If we were found liable for our actions as collateral manager or sub-special servicer and we were required to pay significant damages, our financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Risks Related to Our Taxation as a REIT
Our failure to qualify as a REIT would result in higher taxes and reduced cash available for stockholders.
We intend to continue to operate in a manner so as to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Our continued qualification as a REIT depends on our satisfaction of certain asset, income, organizational, distribution and stockholder ownership requirements on a continuing basis. Our ability to satisfy some of the asset tests depends upon the fair market values of our assets, some of which are not able to be precisely determined and for which we will not obtain independent appraisals. If we were to fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, and certain statutory relief provisions were not available, we would be subject to U.S. federal income tax, including any applicable alternative minimum tax, on our taxable income at regular corporate rates, and distributions to stockholders would not be deductible by us in computing our taxable income. Any such corporate tax liability could be substantial and would reduce the amount of cash available for distribution. Unless entitled to relief under certain Internal Revenue Code provisions, we also would be disqualified from taxation as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which we ceased to qualify as a REIT. In addition, if we fail to qualify as a REIT, we will no longer be required to make distributions. As a result of all these factors, our failure to qualify as a REIT could impair our ability to expand our business and raise capital, and it would adversely affect the value of our common stock. Even if we qualify as a REIT, we may be may be subject to the corporate alternative minimum tax on our items of tax preference if our alternative minimum taxable income exceeds our taxable income.
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REIT distribution requirements could adversely affect our liquidity.
In order to maintain our REIT status and to meet the REIT distribution requirements, we may need to borrow funds on a short-term basis or sell assets, even if the then-prevailing market conditions are not favorable for these borrowings or sales. To qualify as a REIT, we generally must distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our net taxable income each year, excluding capital gains. In addition, we will be subject to corporate income tax to the extent we distribute less than 100% of our net taxable income including any net capital gain. We intend to make distributions to our stockholders to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code for REITs and to minimize or eliminate our corporate income tax obligation to the extent consistent with our business objectives. Our cash flows from operations may be insufficient to fund required distributions as a result of differences in timing between the actual receipt of income and the recognition of income for federal income tax purposes (including, without limitation, taxable income from our Retained CDO Bonds that do not currently produce cash distributions), or the effect of non-deductible capital expenditures, the creation of reserves or required debt service or amortization payments. The insufficiency of our cash flows to cover our distribution requirements could have an adverse impact on our ability to raise short- and long-term debt or sell equity securities in order to fund distributions required to maintain our REIT status. In addition, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the amount, if any, by which distributions paid by us in any calendar year are less than the sum of 85% of our ordinary income, 95% of our capital gain net income and 100% of our undistributed income from prior years.
Further, amounts distributed will not be available to fund investment activities. We expect to fund our investments by raising equity capital and through borrowings from financial institutions and the debt capital markets. If we fail to obtain debt or equity capital in the future, it could limit our ability to grow, which could have a material adverse effect on the value of our common stock.
In January 2011, an “ownership change” for purposes of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code occurred, which limits our ability to utilize our net operating losses and net capital losses against future taxable income, increasing our dividend distribution requirement which could adversely affect our liquidity.
We have substantial net operating and net capital loss carry forwards which we have used to offset our tax and/or distribution requirements. In January 2011, an “ownership change” for purposes of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code occurred, which limits our ability to use these losses. In general, an “ownership change” occurs if there is a change in ownership of more than 50% of our common stock during any cumulative three year period. For this purpose, determinations of ownership changes are generally limited to shareholders deemed to own 5% or more of our common stock. Such a change in ownership may be triggered by regular trading activity in our common stock, which is generally beyond our control. While we believe we have not had an “ownership change” since January 2011, as a result of our January 2011 “ownership change,” sections 382 and 383 impose an annual limit on the amount of net operating loss and net capital loss carryforward that can be used by us to offset future ordinary taxable income and capital gains, beginning with our 2011 taxable year. Such limitations may increase our dividend distribution requirement, which could adversely affect our liquidity.
Ownership Change under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code can have adverse tax consequences.
In connection with transactions in our shares of common stock from time to time, we may in the future experience an “ownership change” within the meaning of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code. Calculating whether a Section 382 ownership change has occurred is subject to uncertainties, including the complexity and ambiguity of Section 382 and limitations on a publicly traded company’s knowledge as to the ownership of, and transactions in, its securities. If an ownership change were to occur, our ability to use certain tax attributes, including net operating losses and net capital losses and other credits, deductions or tax basis, may be limited, which could have an adverse impact on our business.
Complying with REIT requirements may limit our ability to hedge effectively.
The existing REIT provisions of the Internal Revenue Code may limit our ability to hedge our operations. Except to the extent provided by Treasury regulations, any income from a hedging transaction where the instrument hedges interest rate risk on liabilities used to carry or acquire real estate or hedges risk of currency fluctuations with respect to any item of income or gain that would be qualifying income under the 75% or 95% gross income tests will be excluded from gross income for purposes of the 75% and 95% gross income tests. To qualify the preceding sentence, the hedging transaction must be clearly identified as specified in Treasury regulations before the close of the day on which it was acquired, originated or entered into. To the extent that we enter into other types of hedging transactions, the income from those transactions is likely to be treated as non-qualifying income for purposes of both of the gross income tests. In addition, we must limit our aggregate income from non-qualified hedging transactions, from our provision of services and from other non-qualifying sources, to less than 5% of our annual gross income (determined without regard to gross income from qualified hedging transactions). As a result, we may have to limit our use of certain hedging techniques or implement those hedges through taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”). This could result in greater risks associated with changes in interest rates than we would otherwise want to incur or could increase the cost of our hedging activities. If we fail to satisfy the 75% or 95% limitations, we could lose our REIT qualification for U.S. federal income tax purposes, unless our failure was due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect, and we meet certain other technical requirements. Even if our failure was due to reasonable cause, we might incur a penalty tax.
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The stock ownership limit imposed by the Internal Revenue Code for REITs and our charter may inhibit market activity in our stock and may restrict our business combination opportunities.
In order for us to maintain our qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, not more than 50% in value of our outstanding stock may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code to include certain entities) at any time during the last half of each taxable year. Additionally, at least 100 persons must beneficially own our capital stock during at least 335 days of a taxable year for each taxable year. Our charter, with certain exceptions, authorizes our directors to take such actions as are necessary and desirable to preserve our qualification as a REIT. Unless exempted by the board of directors, no person may own more than 9.8% of the aggregate value of the outstanding shares of our stock or more than 9.8% in value or in number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of our common stock. The board of directors may not grant such an exemption to any proposed transferee whose ownership of in excess of 9.8% of the value of our outstanding shares or more than 9.8% in value or in number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of our common stock, would result in the termination of our status as a REIT. These ownership limits could delay or prevent a transaction or a change in our control that might be in the best interest of our stockholders.
Dividends payable by REITs do not qualify for the reduced tax rates available for some dividends.
The maximum tax rate applicable to “qualified dividend income” payable to U.S. stockholders that are taxed at individual rates is 20%. Dividends payable by REITs, however, generally are not eligible for the reduced rates on qualified dividend income. The more favorable rates applicable to regular corporate qualified dividends could cause investors who taxed at individual rates to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less attractive than investments in the stocks of non-REIT corporations that pay dividends, which could adversely affect the value of the shares of REITs, including our common stock.
The tax on prohibited transactions will limit our ability to engage in transactions, including certain methods of securitizing loans and selling our loans and real estate properties, that may be treated as sales for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
A REIT’s gain from prohibited transactions is subject to a 100% tax. In general, prohibited transactions are sales or other dispositions of property, other than foreclosure property, but including mortgage loans and real estate, held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business.
We might be subject to this tax if we were to sell or securitize loans or dispose of loans or real estate in a manner that was treated as a sale of the loans or real estate for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Therefore, in order to avoid the prohibited transactions tax, we may choose not to engage in certain sales of loans or real estate and may limit the structures we utilize for our securitization transactions even though such sales or structures might otherwise be beneficial to us. It may be possible to reduce the impact of the prohibited transaction tax by engaging in securitization transactions treated as sales and loan and real estate dispositions through one or more of our TRSs, subject to certain limitations. Generally, to the extent that we engage in securitizations treated as sales or dispose of loans or real estate through one or more TRSs, the income associated with such activities would be subject to full corporate income tax at standard rates.
We may be unable to generate sufficient revenue from operations, operating cash flow or portfolio income to pay our operating expenses, and our operating expenses could rise, diminishing our ability and to pay distributions to our stockholders.
As a REIT, we are generally required to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and not including net capital gains, each year to our stockholders. To qualify for the tax benefits accorded to REITs, we have and intend to continue to make distributions to our stockholders in amounts such that we distribute all or substantially all our net taxable income each year, subject to certain adjustments. However, our ability to make distributions may be adversely affected by the risk factors described herein. Our ability to make and sustain cash distributions is based on many factors, including the return on our investments, the size of our investment portfolio, operating expense levels, and certain restrictions imposed by Maryland law. Some of the factors are beyond our control and a change in any such factor could affect our ability to pay future dividends. No assurance can be given as to our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders. In the event of a downturn in our operating results and financial performance or unanticipated declines in the value of our asset portfolio, we may be unable to declare or pay quarterly distributions or make distributions to our stockholders. The timing and amount of distributions are in the sole discretion of our board of directors, which considers, among other factors, our earnings, financial condition, debt service obligations and applicable debt covenants, REIT qualification requirements and other tax considerations and capital expenditure requirements as our board of directors may deem relevant from time to time.
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Although our use of TRSs may be able to partially mitigate the impact of meeting the requirements necessary to maintain our qualification as a REIT, our ownership of and relationship with our TRSs will be limited, and a failure to comply with the limits would jeopardize our REIT qualification and may result in the application of a 100% excise tax.
A REIT may own up to 100% of the stock of one or more TRSs. A TRS generally may hold assets and earn income that would not be qualifying assets or income if held or earned directly by a REIT. Both the subsidiary and the REIT must jointly elect to treat the subsidiary as a TRS. A corporation of which a TRS directly or indirectly owns more than 35% of the voting power or value of the stock will automatically be treated as a TRS. Overall, no more than 25% of the value of a REIT’s assets may consist of stock or securities of one or more TRSs. In addition, the TRS rules limit the deductibility of interest paid or accrued by a TRS to its parent REIT to assure that the TRS is subject to an appropriate level of corporate taxation. The rules also impose a 100% excise tax on certain transactions between a TRS and its parent REIT that are not conducted on an arm’s-length basis.
Our TRSs, including GKK Management Co. LLC, GKK Trading Corp., GIT Trading Corp., Whiteface Holdings, LLC, GWF II SPE, LLC, Gramercy Loan Services LLC, GKK Manager LLC and GKK Liquidity LLC, will pay U.S. federal, state and local income tax on their taxable income, and their after-tax net income will be available for distribution to us but will not be required to be distributed to us. We anticipate that the aggregate value of TRS securities owned by us will be less than 25% of the value of our total assets (including such TRS securities). Furthermore, we will monitor the value of our respective investments in our TRSs for the purpose of ensuring compliance with the rule that no more than 25% of the value of a REIT’s assets may consist of TRS securities (which is applied at the end of each calendar quarter). In addition, we will scrutinize all of our transactions with our TRSs for the purpose of ensuring that they are entered into on arm’s-length terms in order to avoid incurring the 100% excise tax described above. The value of the securities that we hold in our TRSs may not be subject to precise valuation. Accordingly, there can be no complete assurance that we will be able to comply with the 25%, limitation discussed above or avoid application of the 100% excise tax discussed above.
We may be subject to adverse legislative or regulatory tax changes that could reduce the market price of our common stock.
At any time, the U.S. federal income tax laws governing REITs or the administrative interpretations of those laws may be amended. We cannot predict when or if any new U.S. federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, or any amendment to any existing U.S. federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, will be adopted, promulgated or become effective and any such law, regulation, or interpretation may take effect retroactively. We and our stockholders could be adversely affected by any such change in the U.S. federal income tax laws, regulations or administrative interpretations.
If the Operating Partnership failed to qualify as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, we would cease to qualify as a REIT and suffer other adverse consequences.
We believe that the Operating Partnership will be treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. As a partnership, the Operating Partnership will not be subject to federal income tax on its income. Instead, each of its partners, including us, will be allocated, and may be required to pay tax with respect to, its share of the Operating Partnership’s income. We cannot assure you, however, that the IRS will not challenge the status of the Operating Partnership or any other subsidiary partnership in which we own an interest as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, or that a court would not sustain such a challenge. If the IRS were successful in treating the Operating Partnership or any such other subsidiary partnership as an entity taxable as a corporation for federal income tax purposes, we would fail to meet the gross income tests and certain of the asset tests applicable to REITs and, accordingly, we would likely cease to qualify as a REIT. Also, the failure of the Operating Partnership or any subsidiary partnerships to qualify as a partnership could cause it to become subject to federal and state corporate income tax, which would reduce significantly the amount of cash available for debt service and for distribution to its partners, including us.
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Risks Related to Our Organization and Structure
Maryland takeover statutes may prevent a change of control of our company, which could depress our stock price.
Under Maryland law, certain “business combinations” between a Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder or an affiliate of an interested stockholder are prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. These business combinations include a merger, consolidation, share exchange or, in circumstances specified in the statute, asset transfers or issuance or reclassification of equity securities. An interested stockholder is defined as:
• | any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of the corporation’s outstanding voting stock; or |
• | an affiliate or associate of the corporation who, at any time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner of 10% or more of the voting power of the then outstanding stock of the corporation. |
A person is not an interested stockholder under the statute if our board of directors approves in advance the transaction by which he otherwise would have become an interested stockholder. However, in approving a transaction, the board of directors may provide that its approval is subject to compliance, at or after the time of approval, with any terms and conditions determined by the board of directors.
After the five-year prohibition, any business combination between the Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder generally must be recommended by our board of directors approved by the affirmative vote of at least:
• | 80% of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding shares of voting stock of the corporation; and |
• | two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of voting stock of the corporation other than shares held by the interested stockholder with whom or with whose affiliate the business combination is to be effected or by the interested stockholder’s affiliates or associates, voting together as a single group. |
The business combination statute may discourage others from trying to acquire control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating any offer, including potential acquisitions that might involve a premium price for our common stock or otherwise be in the best interest of our stockholders.
In addition, Maryland law provides that “control shares” of a corporation (defined as shares which, when aggregated with other shares controlled by the stockholder, except solely by virtue of a revocable proxy), entitle the stockholder to exercise one of three increasing ranges of voting power in electing directors) acquired in a “control share acquisition” (defined as the direct or indirect acquisition of ownership or control of issued and outstanding “control shares”) have no voting rights except to the extent approved by the corporation’s stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter, excluding all interested shares.
We have opted out of these provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law (the “MGCL”), with respect to its business combination provisions and its control share provisions by resolution of the board of directors and a provision in our bylaws, respectively. However, in the future the board of directors may reverse its decision by resolution and elect to opt in to the MGCL’s business combination provisions, or amend our bylaws and elect to opt in to the MGCL’s control share provisions.
Additionally, Title 8, Subtitle 3 of the MGCL permits the board of directors, without stockholder approval and regardless of what is provided in our charter or bylaws, to implement takeover defenses, some of which we do not have. These provisions may have the effect of inhibiting a third-party from making us an acquisition proposal or of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in our control under circumstances that otherwise could provide the stockholders with an opportunity to realize a premium over the then-current market price.
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We may change our investment and operational policies without stockholder consent.
We may change our investment and operational policies, including our policies with respect to investments, acquisitions, growth, operations, indebtedness, capitalization and distributions, at any time without the consent of our stockholders, which could result in our making investments that are different from, and possibly riskier than, the types of investments described in this filing. A change in our investment strategy may increase our exposure to interest rate risk, default risk and real estate market fluctuations, all of which could adversely affect our ability to make distributions.
Our authorized but unissued preferred stock may prevent a change in our control which could be in the stockholders’ best interests.
Our charter authorizes us to issue additional authorized but unissued shares of our common stock or preferred stock. Any such issuance could dilute our existing stockholders’ interests. In addition, the board of directors may classify or reclassify any unissued shares of common or preferred stock into other classes or series of stock and may set the preferences, rights and other terms of the classified or reclassified shares. As a result, the board of directors may establish a class or series of preferred stock that could delay or prevent a transaction or a change in control that might be in the best interest of our stockholders.
We may in the future choose to pay dividends in our own stock, in which case you may be required to pay income taxes in excess of the cash dividends you receive.
We may in the future distribute taxable dividends that are payable in cash and shares of our common stock at the election of each stockholder. Taxable stockholders receiving such dividends will be required to include the full amount of the dividend as ordinary income to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits for United States federal income tax purposes. As a result, a U.S. stockholder may be required to pay income taxes with respect to such dividends in excess of the cash dividends received. If a U.S. stockholder sells the stock it receives as a dividend in order to pay this tax, the sales proceeds may be less than the amount included in income with respect to the dividend, depending on the market price of our stock at the time of the sale. Furthermore, with respect to non-U.S. stockholders, we may be required to withhold U.S. tax with respect to such dividends, including in respect of all or a portion of such dividend that is payable in stock. In addition, if a significant number of our stockholders determine to sell shares of our common stock in order to pay taxes owed on dividends, it may put downward pressure on the trading price of our common stock.
Risks Related to Ownership of Common Stock
Future sales of common stock in the public market or the issuance of other equity may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
Sales of a substantial number of shares of common stock or other equity-related securities in the public market could depress the market price of our common stock, and impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. We cannot predict the effect that future sales of common stock or other equity-related securities would have on the market price of our common stock.
The price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly.
The trading price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to many factors, including:
• | actual or anticipated variations in our operating results, funds from operations, or FFO, cash flows, liquidity or distributions; |
• | changes in our earnings estimates or those of analysts; |
• | publication of research reports about us or the real estate industry or sector in which we operate; |
• | increases in market interest rates that lead purchasers of our shares to demand a higher dividend yield; |
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• | changes in market valuations of companies similar to us; |
• | adverse market reaction to any securities we may issue or additional debt it incurs in the future; |
• | additions or departures of key management personnel; |
• | actions by institutional stockholders; |
• | speculation in the press or investment community; |
• | continuing high levels of volatility in the credit markets; |
• | the realization of any of the other risk factors included herein; and |
• | general market and economic conditions. |
The availability and timing of cash distributions is uncertain.
We are generally required to distribute to its stockholders at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding any net capital gain, each year in order for us to qualify as a REIT under the Code, which we intend to satisfy through quarterly cash distributions of all or substantially all of our REIT taxable income in such year, subject to certain adjustments. From January 2009 to December 2013 we were prevented from paying dividends to holders of our common stock because we were in arrears in the payment of dividends on our 8.125% Series A cumulative redeemable preferred stock, or Series A Preferred Stock. All Series A Preferred Stock dividend arrearages were paid in full and we reinstituted the payment of a quarterly dividend on our common stock in January 2014.
Our board of directors will determine the amount and timing of any distributions. In making such determinations, our directors will consider all relevant factors, including the amount of cash available for distribution, capital expenditures, general operational requirements and applicable law. We intend over time to make regular quarterly distributions to holders of our common stock. However, we bear all expenses incurred by our operations, and the funds generated by operations, after deducting these expenses, may not be sufficient to cover desired levels of distributions to stockholders. In addition, our board of directors, in its discretion, may retain any portion of such cash in excess of our REIT taxable income for working capital. We cannot predict the amount of distributions we may make, maintain or increase over time.
There are many factors that can affect the availability and timing of cash distributions to stockholders. Because we may receive rents and income from our properties at various times during our fiscal year, distributions paid may not reflect our income earned in that particular distribution period. The amount of cash available for distribution will be affected by many factors, including without limitation, the amount of income we will earn from investments in target assets, the amount of its operating expenses and many other variables. Actual cash available for distribution may vary substantially from our expectations.
While we intend to fund the payment of quarterly distributions to holders of common stock entirely from distributable cash flows, we may fund quarterly distributions to its stockholders from a combination of available net cash flows, equity capital and proceeds from borrowings. In the event we are unable to consistently fund future quarterly distributions to stockholders entirely from distributable cash flows, the value of our common stock may be negatively impacted.
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An increase in market interest rates may have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock and our ability to make distributions to its stockholders.
One of the factors that investors may consider in deciding whether to buy or sell shares of our common stock is our distribution rate as a percentage of our share price, relative to market interest rates. If market interest rates increase, prospective investors may demand a higher distribution rate on shares of common stock or seek alternative investments paying higher distributions or interest. As a result, interest rate fluctuations and capital market conditions can affect the market price of shares of our common stock. For instance, if interest rates rise without an increase in our distribution rate, the market price of shares of our common stock could decrease because potential investors may require a higher distribution yield on shares of our common stock as market rates on interest-bearing instruments such as bonds rise. In addition, to the extent we have variable rate debt, rising interest rates would result in increased interest expense on our variable rate debt, thereby adversely affecting our cash flow and its ability to service our indebtedness and make distributions to our stockholders.
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Information
This report contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. You can identify forward-looking statements by the use of forward-looking expressions such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “continue,” or any negative or other variations on such expressions. Forward-looking statements include information concerning possible or assumed future results of our operations, including any forecasts, projections, plans and objectives for future operations. Although we believe that our plans, intentions and expectations as reflected in or suggested by those forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that the plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved. We have listed below some important risks, uncertainties and contingencies which could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from the forward-looking statements we make in this report. These risks, uncertainties and contingencies include, but are not limited to, the following:
· | the success or failure of our efforts to implement our current business strategy; |
· | our ability to identify and complete additional property acquisitions and risks of real estate acquisitions; |
· | availability of investment opportunities on real estate assets and real estate-related and other securities; |
· | the performance and financial condition of tenants and corporate customers; |
· | the adequacy of our cash reserves, working capital and other forms of liquidity; |
· | the availability, terms and deployment of short-term and long-term capital; |
· | demand for industrial and office space; |
· | the actions of our competitors and our ability to respond to those actions; |
· | the timing of cash flows from our investments; |
· | the cost and availability of our financings, which depends in part on our asset quality, the nature of our relationships with our lenders and other capital providers, our business prospects and outlook and general market conditions; |
· | early termination of the Management Agreement; |
· | economic conditions generally and in the commercial finance and real estate markets and the banking industry specifically; |
· | our international operations, including unfavorable foreign currency rate fluctuations, enactment or changes in laws relating to foreign ownership of property, and local economic or political conditions that could adversely affect our earnings and cash flows; |
· | unanticipated increases in financing and other costs, including a rise in interest rates; |
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· | reduction in cash flows received from our investments; |
· | volatility or reduction in the value or uncertain timing in the realization of our Retained CDO Bonds; |
· | our ability to profitably dispose of non-core assets; |
· | the high tenant concentration of our Bank of America Portfolio; |
· | availability of, and ability to retain, qualified personnel and directors; |
· | changes to our management and board of directors; |
· | changes in governmental regulations, tax rates and similar matters; |
· | legislative and regulatory changes (including changes to real estate and zoning laws, laws governing the taxation of REITs or the exemptions from registration as an investment company); |
· | environmental and/or safety requirements and risks related to natural disasters; |
· | declining real estate valuations and impairment charges; |
· | our ability to satisfy complex rules in order for us to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes and qualify for our exemption under the Investment Company Act, our Operating Partnership’s ability to satisfy the rules in order for it to qualify as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to qualify as REITs and certain of our subsidiaries to qualify as TRSs for federal income tax purposes, and our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to operate effectively within the limitations imposed by these rules; |
· | uninsured or underinsured losses relating to our properties; |
· | our inability to comply with the laws, rules and regulations applicable to companies, and in particular, public companies; |
· | tenant bankruptcies and defaults on or non-renewal of leases by tenants; |
· | decreased rental rates or increased vacancy rates; |
· | the continuing threat of terrorist attacks on the national, regional and local economies; and |
· | other factors discussed under Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 and those factors that may be contained in any filing we make with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, which are incorporated by reference herein. |
We assume no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise. In evaluating forward-looking statements, you should consider these risks and uncertainties, together with the other risks described from time-to-time in our reports and documents which are filed with the SEC, and you should not place undue reliance on those statements.
The risks included here are not exhaustive. Other sections of this report may include additional factors that could adversely affect our business and financial performance. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for management to predict all such risk factors, nor can it assess the impact of all such risk factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results.
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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING EXHIBITS
In reviewing the agreements included as exhibits to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, please remember they are included to provide you with information regarding their terms and are not intended to provide any other factual or disclosure information about our company or the other parties to the agreements. The agreements contain representations and warranties by each of the parties to the applicable agreement. These representations and warranties have been made solely for the benefit of the other parties to the applicable agreement and:
• | should not in all instances be treated as categorical statements of fact, but rather as a way of allocating the risk tone of the parties if those statements prove to be inaccurate; |
• | have been qualified by disclosures that were made to the other party in connection with the negotiation of the applicable agreement, which disclosures are not necessarily reflected in the agreement; |
• | may apply standards of materiality in a way that is different from what may be viewed as material to you or other investors; and |
• | were made only as of the date of the applicable agreement or such other date or dates as may be specified in the agreement and are subject to more recent developments. |
Accordingly, these representations and warranties may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time. Additional information about our company may be found elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and our other public filings, which are available without charge through the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. See Item 1, “Business — Corporate Governance and Internet Address; Where Readers Can Find Additional Information.”
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
As of the date of this filing, we do not have any unresolved comments with the staff of the SEC.
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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES (Dollar amounts in thousands, except square feet and dollar per square foot amounts)
Our corporate headquarters are located in midtown Manhattan at 521 Fifth Avenue, 30th Floor, New York, New York 10175. We also have regional offices located in London, United Kingdom, Horsham, Pennsylvania, and Clayton, Missouri.
Current Property Portfolio
As of December 31, 2014, we owned interests, either directly or through a joint venture or equity investment, in 132 properties containing an aggregate of approximately 13.7 million rentable square feet. The following table provides information about the properties in our portfolio as of December 31, 2014:
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GPT PORTFOLIO:
No.
of Properties | Location | Tenant(s) | Leased
Square Feet | Contractual Base Rent Per Square Foot (1) | Term
Expiry (2) | |||||||||
Industrial Properties | ||||||||||||||
1 | Greenwood, IN | Nestle Waters North America, Inc. | 294,388 | $ | 3.50 | 7/31/2024 | ||||||||
1 | Greenfield, IN | Stanley Security Solutions, Inc. (3) | 168,000 | $ | 4.40 | 2/28/2022 | ||||||||
Harlan Laboratories, Inc. (3) | 77,041 | $ | 7.18 | 12/31/2018 | ||||||||||
1 | Olive Branch, MS | Five Below, Inc. | 605,427 | $ | 2.85 | 12/31/2022(4) | ||||||||
1 | Garland, TX | Apex Tool Group, LLC | 341,840 | $ | 2.23 | 10/31/2032 | ||||||||
1 | East Brunswick, NJ (5) | Con-Way Freight, Inc. | 33,664 | $ | 28.15 | 1/31/2019 | ||||||||
1 | Atlanta, GA (5) | FedEx Freight, Inc. | 129,535 | $ | 5.05 | 5/31/2020 | ||||||||
1 | Bellmawr, NJ | Federal Express Corporation | 62,230 | $ | 4.69 | 10/31/2022 | ||||||||
1 | Hialeah Gardens, FL (6),(7) | Preferred Freezer Services of Hialeah LLC | 117,591 | $ | 17.89 | (7) | 5/31/2039 | |||||||
1 | Deer Park, NY (5) | YRC Inc. | 18,396 | $ | 16.25 | 12/31/2019 | ||||||||
1 | Elkridge, MD (5) | New Penn Motor Express, Inc | 33,572 | $ | 14.84 | 5/31/2019 | ||||||||
1 | Orlando, FL (5) | YRC Inc. | 46,458 | $ | 8.31 | 1/31/2019 | ||||||||
1 | Houston, TX (5) | YRC Inc. | 101,940 | $ | 5.51 | 5/31/2019 | ||||||||
1 | Logan, NJ (6) | Albert's Organics, Inc. | 70,000 | $ | 10.51 | 5/31/2028 | ||||||||
1 | Atlanta, GA | KapStone Paper and Packaging Corp | 133,317 | $ | 2.65 | 4/30/2023 | ||||||||
1 | Manassas, VA | Retrievex Acquisition Corp. V | 40,018 | $ | 7.43 | 12/31/2024 | ||||||||
1 | Manassas, VA | Retrievex Acquisition Corp. V | 43,047 | $ | 7.43 | 12/31/2024 | ||||||||
1 | Yuma, AZ (6) | Earthbound Holdings II, LLC | 216,727 | $ | 6.69 | 9/30/2033 | ||||||||
1 | Austin, TX | Angelica Textile Services, Inc. | 120,347 | $ | 6.03 | 10/31/2028 | ||||||||
1 | Galesburg, IL | Euclid Beverage Ltd. | 52,700 | $ | 3.51 | 10/9/2021 | ||||||||
1 | Peru, IL | Euclid Beverage Ltd. | 78,100 | $ | 7.06 | 6/9/2022 | ||||||||
1 | Lawrence, IN | EF Transit, Inc. | 534,769 | $ | 5.42 | 6/30/2024 | ||||||||
1 | Waco, TX | Associated Hygienic Products, LLC | 303,000 | $ | 6.90 | 7/31/2029 | ||||||||
1 | Upper Macungie, PA | AMCOR Rigid Plastics USA, Inc. | 480,000 | $ | 5.20 | 12/23/2028 | ||||||||
1 | Vernon, CA | Douglas Steel Supply Company | 66,587 | $ | 7.65 | 12/31/2028 | ||||||||
1 | Vernon, CA | Douglas Steel Supply Company | 53,919 | $ | 7.65 | 12/31/2028 | ||||||||
1 | Des Plaines, IL | Filtran LLC | 115,472 | $ | 4.20 | 10/31/2025 | ||||||||
1 | Elgin, IL | Dynacast, LLC | 112,325 | $ | 7.37 | 8/31/2028 | ||||||||
1 | Harrisburg, PA | Cummins Power Systems, LLC | 183,200 | $ | 2.12 | 5/31/2025 | ||||||||
1 | Elk Grove Village, IL | Hearthside Holdco LLC | 309,284 | $ | 4.45 | 12/31/2023 | ||||||||
1 | Tampa, FL | Cott Beverages Inc. | 175,920 | $ | 4.08 | 1/31/2020 | ||||||||
1 | Ames, IA | AMCOR Rigid Plastics USA, Inc. | 300,000 | $ | 3.92 | 12/31/2020 | ||||||||
Jacobson Warehouse Company | 196,000 | $ | 3.65 | 12/31/2016 | ||||||||||
Strategic Warehousing, LLC | 80,876 | $ | 3.75 | 12/31/2016 | ||||||||||
1 | Buford, GA | Office Depot, Inc. | 550,000 | $ | 5.08 | 4/30/2020 | ||||||||
1 | Wilson, NC | Cott Beverages Inc. | 328,000 | $ | 3.63 | 5/31/2026 | ||||||||
1 | Arlington Heights, IL (6) | European Imports Ltd. | 186,954 | $ | 8.20 | 5/31/2019 | ||||||||
1 | Bloomingdale, FL | Compass Group USA, Inc. | 110,063 | $ | 3.20 | 7/31/2024 | ||||||||
1 | Kenosha, WI | Emerson Electric | 160,300 | $ | 4.62 | 9/30/2024 | ||||||||
1 | Worcester, MA | Polar Corp. | 285,437 | $ | 5.56 | 3/31/2024 | ||||||||
1 | Miami, FL | International Data Depository, Inc. | 187,749 | $ | 4.12 | 10/31/2021 | ||||||||
1 | Morrow, GA | Global Stainless Supply, Inc. | 203,850 | $ | 2.40 | 1/20/2020 | ||||||||
1 | Puyallup, WA | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. | 108,644 | $ | 6.13 | 2/29/2024 | ||||||||
1 | Rolling Meadows, IL | J.C. Restoration, Inc. | 93,614 | $ | 7.91 | 12/3/2026 | ||||||||
1 | Lewisville, TX | CompuData Products, Inc. | 86,683 | $ | 4.23 | 5/31/2028 | ||||||||
E.A. Sween Company | 28,776 | $ | 5.25 | 11/30/2018 | ||||||||||
1 | Groveport, OH | Almo Distributing Pennsylvania, Inc. | 240,000 | $ | 2.15 | 3/31/2018 | ||||||||
1 | Midway, GA | Pacific Global Logistics, Inc. | 502,854 | $ | 2.67 | 1/31/2019 | ||||||||
1 | Buffalo Grove, IL | CrossCom National, LLC | 60,014 | $ | 6.84 | 12/31/2021 | ||||||||
1 | Burr Ridge, IL | Harry Holland & Son, Inc. | 47,000 | $ | 7.15 | 2/29/2020 | ||||||||
1 | Hamlet, NC | Henry's Tackle, LLC | 310,673 | $ | 3.15 | 5/30/2024 | ||||||||
1 | Downers Grove, IL | Valid USA, Inc. | 109,000 | $ | 6.11 | 9/30/2029 | ||||||||
1 | Bolingbrook, IL | Valid USA, Inc. | 225,203 | $ | 3.90 | 5/31/2029 | ||||||||
49 | Subtotal | 9,520,504 | ||||||||||||
Office/Banking Center Properties | ||||||||||||||
1 | Emmaus, PA | Sovereign Bank | 4,800 | $ | 32.54 | 2/28/2019 | ||||||||
1 | Calabash, SC | PNC Bank, N.A. | 2,048 | $ | 36.62 | 12/31/2018 | ||||||||
1 | Morristown, NJ | Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. | 16,865 | $ | 6.13 | 9/30/2024 | ||||||||
U.S. Bank National Association (3) | 12,324 | $ | 20.79 | 10/31/2018 | ||||||||||
1 | St. Louis, MO | Bank of America, N.A. | 15,483 | $ | 8.02 | 12/31/2017 | ||||||||
John Corley, Inc. | 5,477 | $ | 15.00 | 3/31/2022 | ||||||||||
NRT (Coldwell Banker Gundaker) | 4,101 | $ | 18.25 | 12/31/2019 | ||||||||||
1 | Nashville, TN | Aramark Corporation | 88,958 | $ | 14.00 | 6/30/2029 | ||||||||
1 | Malvern, PA | Fujirebio Diagnostics, Inc. | 190,597 | $ | 8.58 | 3/31/2030 | ||||||||
1 | Parsippany, NJ | Solix Inc. | 56,230 | $ | 22.50 | 5/31/2021 | ||||||||
1 | Westlake Village, CA | Bank of America, N.A. | 253,720 | $ | 12.36 | 12/31/2020 | ||||||||
10 | Jacksonville, FL | Bank of America, N.A. | 1,237,719 | $ | 8.87 | 6/30/2023 | ||||||||
5 | Phoenix, AZ | Bank of America, N.A. | 539,849 | $ | 8.87 | 6/30/2023 | ||||||||
1 | Mesa, AZ | Bank of America, N.A. | 20,960 | $ | 8.87 | 6/30/2023 | ||||||||
31 | California | Bank of America, N.A. | 597,784 | $ | 8.87 | 6/30/2023 | ||||||||
Non-Bank of America, N.A.-7 tenants | 15,074 | various | various | |||||||||||
7 | Florida | Bank of America, N.A. | 245,960 | $ | 8.87 | 6/30/2023 | ||||||||
Non-Bank of America, N.A.-1 tenant | 3,259 | various | various | |||||||||||
1 | Savannah, GA | Bank of America, N.A. | 21,625 | $ | 8.87 | 6/30/2023 | ||||||||
1 | Overland Park, KS | Bank of America, N.A. | 12,158 | $ | 8.87 | 6/30/2023 | ||||||||
2 | Maryland | Bank of America, N.A. | 36,449 | $ | 8.87 | 6/30/2023 | ||||||||
3 | Missouri | Bank of America, N.A. | 37,147 | $ | 8.87 | 6/30/2023 | ||||||||
1 | Albuquerque, NM | Bank of America, N.A. | 37,029 | $ | 8.87 | 6/30/2023 | ||||||||
Non-Bank of America, N.A.-1 tenant | 22,453 | $ | 15.55 | 2/28/2025 | ||||||||||
3 | Texas | Bank of America, N.A. | 65,748 | $ | 8.87 | 6/30/2023 | ||||||||
2 | Washington | Bank of America, N.A. | 95,626 | $ | 8.87 | 6/30/2023 | ||||||||
Non-Bank of America, N.A.-1 tenant | 408 | $ | 8.78 | 1/31/2015 | ||||||||||
75 | Subtotal | 3,639,851 |
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No.
of Properties | Location | Tenant(s) | Leased
Square Feet | Contractual Base Rent Per Square Foot (1) | Term
Expiry (2) | |||||||||
Specialty Properties | ||||||||||||||
1 | Hutchins, TX | Adesa Texas, Inc. | 196,366 | $ | 0.66 | (9) | 7/31/2029 | |||||||
1 | Franklin Park, IL | Enterprise Leasing Company of Chicago, LLC | 22,872 | $ | 2.22 | (9) | 4/30/2021 | |||||||
1 | Chicago, IL | North American Central School Bus Int. Holding Co., LLC | 36,500 | $ | 2.16 | (9) | 10/31/2022 | |||||||
3 | Medley, FL | LKQ Crystal River, Inc. | 27,403 | $ | 0.97 | (9) | 7/31/2022 | |||||||
1 | Santa Clara, CA | Enterprise Rent-A-Car Company of San Francisco, LLC | 5,066 | $ | 3.65 | (9) | 3/31/2021 | |||||||
7 | Subtotal | 288,207 | ||||||||||||
131 | TOTAL WHOLLY OWNED PORTFOLIO | 13,448,562 | ||||||||||||
OUR JOINT VENTURE AND EQUITY INVESTMENTS PORTFOLIO: | ||||||||||||||
1 | Somerset, NJ (8) | Philips Holding, USA Inc. | 199,900 | $ | 18.81 | 12/31/2021 | ||||||||
1 | Subtotal | 199,900 | ||||||||||||
1 | TOTAL JOINT VENTURE AND EQUITY INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO | 199,900 | ||||||||||||
132 | TOTAL PORTFOLIO | 13,648,462 |
(1) | Represents contractual base rent per square foot in effect as of December 31, 2014. |
(2) | Term expiry represents the date on which the current lease will expire should the parties to the lease elect to not exercise a term extension option or provision. |
(3) | Tenants lease spaces pursuant to a modified gross lease. |
(4) | The effective lease expiration date is May 1, 2021. Tenant has an early termination right effective November 1, 2018 upon payment of a termination fee equivalent to 31 months of rent. |
(5) | Truck terminal. |
(6) | Cold storage facility. |
(7) | Build-to-suit project that was completed in June 2014. |
(8) | We own a 25% interest in the Philips Headquarters property. | |
(9) | Contractual base rent per square foot for specialty properties is based on land square feet. |
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Summary Portfolio Characteristics
The following is a summary of the characteristics of our property portfolio, including properties owned in a joint venture or equity investment, as of December 31, 2014:
· | 99% occupancy; |
· | A weighted average remaining lease term of 9.6 years (based on gross purchase price); |
· | 56% investment grade tenancy (includes subsidiaries of non-guarantor investment grade parent companies) (based on gross purchase price); |
· | Industrial portfolio comprised of 9.5 million aggregate rentable square feet with an average base rent per square foot of $6.67; |
· | Office/banking center portfolio comprised of 3.9 million aggregate rentable square feet with an average base rent per square foot of $10.07 (including one property we own through a joint venture); |
· | Specialty asset portfolio of seven improved sites comprised of 224 acres of land and 288 thousand aggregate rentable square feet of building space that we lease to a car auction services company, a bus depot, a rental car company, and salvage yards; and |
· | Top five tenants by annualized base rent include Bank of America, N.A (33%), Adesa Texas, Inc. (6%), AMCOR Rigid Plastics USA, Inc. (4%), EF Transit, Inc. (3%), and Office Depot, Inc. (3%). Each of the top five tenant leases is guaranteed by the respective tenant’s parent company. |
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Joint Ventures and Equity Investments
Bank of America Portfolio — We owned a 50% interest in the Bank of America Portfolio joint venture until June 9, 2014, when we acquired the remaining 50% equity interest from Garrison Investment Group, or Garrison. The portfolio was encumbered with a $200,000 floating rate, interest-only mortgage note maturing in 2014, collateralized by 67 properties, which was paid off at the time of our acquisition of the remaining 50% interest.
Philips Building — We own a 25% interest in Philips HQ JV, which is owner of a fee interest in 200 Franklin Square Drive, a 199,900 square foot office building located in Somerset, New Jersey which is 100% net leased to Philips Holdings, USA Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Royal Philips Electronics, through December 2021. The property is subject to a $41,000 fixed-rate mortgage with an anticipated repayment date in 2015.
Gramercy European Property Fund — We formed a private real estate investment fund with several equity investment partners in December 2014, which will invest predominantly in single-tenant industrial, office, and specialty retail assets throughout Europe, or the Gramercy European Property Fund. The equity investors have committed approximately $426.5 million (€352.5 million) in equity capital, including $60.5 million (€50.0 million) from us, which will be used to acquire a portfolio of approximately $1.0 billion in real estate assets by utilizing 55%-60% leverage.
Leased Properties
Our corporate offices at 521 Fifth Avenue, 30th Floor, New York, New York are subject to an operating lease agreement with 521 Fifth Fee Owner, LLC, an affiliate of SL Green, effective as of September 2013. The lease is for approximately 6,580 square feet and expires in 2023 with rents of approximately $368 per annum for year one rising to $466 per annum in year ten.
Our regional management office located at 550 Blair Mill Road, Suite 120, Horsham, Pennsylvania, is subject to an operating lease with an affiliate of KBS. The lease is for approximately 13,000 square feet, and expires on April 30, 2018, with rents of approximately $151 per annum for year one rising to $221 per annum in year four.
Our regional management office located at 130 South Bemiston Ave, Clayton, Missouri is subject to an operating lease with Clayton Bemiston Owner, LLC. The lease expires on December 31, 2016, with a renewal option of 12 months. The lease is for approximately 1,100 square feet and is subject to rents of $21 per annum for year one, rising to $22 per annum in year three.
Gramercy Europe Asset Management’s office located at 100 New Bond Street, London W1S 1SP, is subject to an operating lease with Lawnpond Limited. The lease is for the second floor space and is subject to rents of $65 plus 20% value added tax per annum. The lease had an expiration date of March 4, 2019 with a right to cancel with 30 days’ notice. Lawnpond Limited served notice to terminate the lease effective January 14, 2015. We entered into a new operating lease agreement in February 2015 for an office located at 15 Bedford Street, London WC2E 9HE, United Kingdom.
Development Plans
As of December 31, 2014, we have no plans for development of new properties other than in connection with build-to-suit transactions where a tenant has signed a lease in advance of construction, and a developer or builder bears the risk of completion on-time and on-budget. We will, from time to time renovate, improve, expand or repair existing properties where we believe the incremental investment increases the value of the property and the incremental capital can be invested at attractive risk-adjusted returns. We will, from time to time acquire adjacent land parcels to properties in our portfolio in order to accommodate expansions of existing properties. We have had one build-to-suit transaction pursuant to which we committed to construct an approximately 118,000 square foot cold storage facility in Hialeah Gardens, Florida. Construction of the facility was completed in the third quarter of 2014.
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ITEM 3. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS |
In December 2010, we sold our 45% joint venture interest in the leased fee of the 2 Herald Square property in New York, New York, for approximately $25.6 million plus assumed mortgage debt of approximately $86.1 million or the 2 Herald Sale Transaction. Subsequent to the closing of the transaction, the New York City Department of Finance, or the NYC DOF, and New York State Department of Taxation, or the NYS DOT, issued notices of determination assessing, in the case of the NYC DOF notice, approximately $2.9 million of real property transfer tax, plus interest, and, in the case of the NYS DOT notice, approximately $446 thousand of real property transfer tax, plus interest, collectively, the Transfer Tax Assessments, against us in connection with the 2 Herald Sale Transaction. We believe that the NYC DOF and NYS DOT erred in issuing the Transfer Tax Assessments and intend to vigorously defend against same.
In September 2013, we filed a petition challenging the NYC DOF Transfer Tax Assessment with the New York City Tax Appeal Tribunal. In July 2014, we filed a similar petition challenging the NYS DOT Transfer Tax Assessment. Trial of our NYC DOF Transfer Tax Assessment appeal was completed in December 2014, and a decision is expected in mid-2015. We anticipate that our appeal of the NYS DOT Transfer Tax Assessment will be set for trial in late 2015 or early 2016.
We believe that we have strong defenses against the Transfer Tax Assessments and intend to continue to vigorously assert same. We evaluate contingencies based on information currently available, including the advice of counsel. We establish accruals for litigation and claims when a loss contingency is considered probable and the related amount is reasonably estimable. We will periodically review these contingences and may adjust the amount of the accrual if circumstances change. The outcome of a contingent matter and the amount or range of potential losses at particular points may be difficult to ascertain. If a range of loss is estimated and an amount within such range appears to be a better estimate than any other amount within that range, then that amount is accrued. Considering the recent developments as discussed above, as of December 31, 2013, we established an accrual of approximately $4.3 million for the Transfer Tax Assessments, which represents the full amount of the assessed tax plus estimated interest and penalties as of that date. There was $4.5 million and $4.3 million accrued and recorded in discontinued operations for the matter for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. There was $271 thousand and $814 thousand of interest recorded in discontinued operations for the matter for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
In addition, we and/or one or more of our subsidiaries is party to various litigation matters that are considered routine litigation incidental to our business, none of which are considered material.
ITEM 4. | MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES |
Not applicable.
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Part II
ITEM 5. | MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES |
Market Information
Our common stock began trading on the New York Stock Exchange, or the NYSE, on August 2, 2004 under the symbol “GKK.” In April 2013, we changed our name from Gramercy Capital Corp. to Gramercy Property Trust Inc. reflecting our transformation into an equity real estate business, and on April 15, 2013, our NYSE ticker symbol was changed to “GPT.” On March 5, 2015, the reported closing sale price per share of common stock on the NYSE was $ 7.24 and there were approximately 263 holders of record of our common stock. This number does not include stockholders’ shares held in nominee or street name. The table below sets forth the quarterly high and low closing sales prices of our common stock on the NYSE for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 and the distributions paid by us with respect to the periods indicated.
2014 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Quarter Ended | High | Low | Dividends | High | Low | Dividends | ||||||||||||||||||
March 31 | $ | 6.18 | $ | 5.04 | $ | 0.035 | $ | 5.21 | $ | 3.00 | $ | — | ||||||||||||
June 30 | $ | 6.20 | $ | 5.08 | $ | 0.035 | $ | 5.17 | $ | 4.34 | $ | — | ||||||||||||
September 30 | $ | 6.40 | $ | 5.76 | $ | 0.035 | $ | 4.83 | $ | 3.99 | $ | — | ||||||||||||
December 31 | $ | 6.99 | $ | 5.68 | $ | 0.050 | $ | 5.76 | $ | 3.99 | $ | — |
Dividends
If dividends are declared in a quarter, those dividends will be paid during the subsequent quarter. We expect to continue our policy of distributing our taxable income through dividends to maintain REIT status, although there is no assurance as to future dividends because they depend on future earnings, capital requirements and financial condition. See Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Dividends,” for additional information regarding our dividends.
To maintain our qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, we must distribute annually at least 90% of our taxable income. This distribution requirement limits our ability to retain earnings and thereby replenish or increase capital for operations. In accordance with the provisions of our charter, we may not pay any dividends on our common stock until all accrued dividends and the dividend for the then current quarter on the Series B Preferred Stock are paid in full.
In the third quarter of 2014, we issued 3,500,000 shares of 7.125% Series B Preferred Stock, or Series B Preferred Stock, priced at liquidation preference $25.00 per share, and issued through a public offering, and redeemed all of the outstanding shares of our 8.125% Series A Preferred Stock at a redemption price of $25.32161 per share, equal to the sum of the $25.00 per share redemption price of the stock and a quarterly dividend of $0.32161 prorated to the redemption date of September 12, 2014. In December 2013, our board of directors authorized and we declared a “catch-up” dividend in the amount of $10.23524 per share of our 8.125% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, representing all accrued and unpaid dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock for the period October 1, 2008, through and including October 14, 2013.
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Common Units and Recent Sales of Unregistered and Registered Securities
On July 31, 2014, we issued 3,778,405 OP Units in connection with the acquisition of three properties. The issuance of the shares was exempt from registration under the Securities Act, pursuant to the exemption contemplated by Section 4(2) thereof for transactions not involving a public offering. Each OP Unit may be redeemed at the election of the holder for cash equal to the then fair market value of a share of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share, except that we may, at our election, acquire each OP Unit for one share of our common stock. During the year ended December 31, 2014, 1,440,854 OP Units were converted into 1,440,854 shares of our common stock. As of December 31, 2014 there are 2,337,551 shares of our common stock reserved for issuance upon redemption of limited partnership interest of the Operating Partnership.
In March 2014, we completed a private offering of $115.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Operating Partnership’s 3.75% Exchangeable Senior Notes due 2019. The Exchangeable Senior Notes have an initial exchange price of approximately $6.20 per share of our common stock, exchangeable, under certain circumstances, for cash, for shares of our common stock or for a combination of cash and shares of our common stock. The initial exchange rate is adjustable under certain circumstances. The Exchangeable Senior Notes may be redeemed by us, in certain circumstances, on or after March 20, 2017.
In May 2014, we completed an underwritten public offering of 46,000,000 shares of common stock, which includes the exercise in full by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to 6,000,000 additional shares of common stock. The shares of common stock were issued at a public offering price of $4.98 per share and the net proceeds from the offering were approximately $218.2 million, after expenses.
In December 2014, we completed an underwritten public offering of 59,800,000 shares of common stock, which includes the exercise in full by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to 7,800,000 additional shares of common stock. The shares of common stock were issued at a public offering price of $5.90 per share and the net proceeds from the offering were approximately $336.1 million, after expenses.
Stock Performance Graph
This graph compares the performance of our shares with the Standard & Poor’s 500 Composite Index and the NAREIT All REIT Index. This graph assumes $100 invested on December 31, 2009 and assumes the reinvestment of dividends.
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Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table summarizes information, as of December 31, 2014, relating to our equity compensation plans pursuant to which shares of our common stock or other equity securities may be granted from time to time.
(a) | (b) | (c) | ||||||||||
Plan Category | Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights | Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights | Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) | |||||||||
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders(1) | 206,902 | $ | 12.82 | — | ||||||||
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders(2) | — | — | 100,000 | |||||||||
Total | 206,902 | $ | 12.82 | 100,000 |
(1) | Includes information related to our 2004 Equity Incentive Plan. |
(2) | Includes information related to our 2012 Inducement Equity Incentive Plan; Assumes there have been 2.4 million units of limited partnership interests in our Operating Partnership, or LTIP units, issued pursuant to the 2012 Inducement Equity Incentive Plan. |
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ITEM 6. | SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA |
The following tables set forth our selected financial data and should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and notes thereto included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” and Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” in this Form 10-K. Certain prior year balances have been reclassified to conform with the current year presentation for assets classified as discontinued operations.
Operating Data (In thousands, except share and per share data)
For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 107,940 | $ | 56,704 | $ | 36,821 | $ | 7,772 | $ | 1,197 | ||||||||||
Property operating expenses | 38,620 | 22,279 | 23,226 | 5,947 | 4,033 | |||||||||||||||
Net impairment recognized in earnings | 4,816 | 2,002 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 36,408 | 5,675 | 256 | 136 | 174 | |||||||||||||||
Interest expense | 16,586 | 1,732 | — | — | 280 | |||||||||||||||
Realized loss on derivative instruments | 3,300 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Unrealized loss on derivative instruments | — | 115 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Management, general and administrative | 18,416 | 18,210 | 25,335 | 22,150 | 22,369 | |||||||||||||||
Acquisition expenses | 6,171 | 2,808 | 111 | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Total expenses | 124,317 | 52,821 | 48,928 | 28,233 | 26,856 | |||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations before equity in income (loss) from joint ventures and equity investments, gain on remeasurement of previously held joint venture, loss on extinguishment of debt, and provision for taxes | (16,377 | ) | 3,883 | (12,107 | ) | (20,461 | ) | (25,659 | ) | |||||||||||
Equity in net income (loss) of joint ventures and equity investments | 1,959 | (5,662 | ) | (2,904 | ) | 121 | (303 | ) | ||||||||||||
Loss from continuing operations before gain on remeasurement of previously held joint venture, loss on extinguishment of debt, provision for taxes, and discontinued operations | (14,418 | ) | (1,779 | ) | (15,011 | ) | (20,340 | ) | (25,962 | ) | ||||||||||
Gain on remeasurement of previously held joint venture | 72,345 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Loss on extinguishment of debt | (1,925 | ) | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Provision for taxes | (809 | ) | (6,393 | ) | (3,330 | ) | (563 | ) | (966 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations | 55,193 | (8,172 | ) | (18,341 | ) | (20,903 | ) | (26,928 | ) | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | (524 | ) | 392,999 | (153,207 | ) | 358,380 | (946,615 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | 54,669 | 384,827 | (171,548 | ) | 337,477 | (973,543 | ) | |||||||||||||
Net (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interest | 236 | — | — | — | (145 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to Gramercy Property Trust Inc. | 54,905 | 384,827 | (171,548 | ) | 337,477 | (973,688 | ) | |||||||||||||
Preferred stock redemption costs | (2,912 | ) | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Accrued preferred stock dividends | (7,349 | ) | (7,162 | ) | (7,162 | ) | (7,162 | ) | (8,798 | ) | ||||||||||
Excess of carrying amount of tendered preferred stock over consideration paid | — | — | — | — | 13,713 | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders | $ | 44,644 | $ | 377,665 | $ | (178,710 | ) | $ | 330,315 | $ | (968,773 | ) | ||||||||
Net income (loss) per common share – Basic | $ | 0.43 | $ | 6.14 | $ | (3.44 | ) | $ | 6.58 | $ | (19.40 | ) | ||||||||
Net income (loss) per common share – Diluted | $ | 0.41 | $ | 6.14 | $ | (3.44 | ) | $ | 6.58 | $ | (19.40 | ) | ||||||||
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding | 104,811,814 | 61,500,847 | 51,976,462 | 50,229,102 | 49,923,930 | |||||||||||||||
Diluted weighted average common shares and common share equivalents outstanding | 107,750,340 | 61,500,847 | 51,976,462 | 50,229,102 | 49,923,930 |
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Balance Sheet Data (In thousands)
For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||||||||
Total real estate investments, net | $ | 1,040,022 | $ | 333,465 | $ | 23,109 | $ | 7,631 | $ | 2,226,212 | ||||||||||
Loans and other lending investments, net | — | — | 73 | 828 | 1,512 | |||||||||||||||
Assets held for sale, net | — | — | 1,952,264 | 2,078,146 | 2,441,827 | |||||||||||||||
Investment in unconsolidated joint ventures and equity investments | — | 39,385 | 72,742 | 496 | 3,650 | |||||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 1,500,000 | $ | 491,663 | $ | 2,168,836 | $ | 2,258,330 | $ | 5,491,993 | ||||||||||
Mortgage note payable | 161,642 | 122,180 | — | — | 1,640,671 | |||||||||||||||
Mezzanine loans payable | — | — | — | — | 549,713 | |||||||||||||||
Secured revolving credit facility | — | 45,000 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Unsecured revolving credit facility and term loan | 200,000 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Exchangeable senior notes, net | 107,836 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Total liabilities | 577,090 | 225,190 | 2,420,664 | 2,698,760 | 5,984,986 | |||||||||||||||
Noncontrolling interest in operating partnership | 16,129 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Stockholders' equity (deficit) | $ | 906,781 | $ | 266,473 | $ | (251,828 | ) | $ | (440,430 | ) | $ | (492,993 | ) |
Other Data (In thousands)
For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||||||||
Funds from operations(1) | $ | 12,297 | $ | 1,267 | $ | (24,616 | ) | $ | (24,696 | ) | $ | (21,984 | ) | |||||||
Cash flows provided by operating activities | $ | 32,787 | $ | 29,403 | $ | 283 | $ | 87,105 | $ | 116,831 | ||||||||||
Cash flows provided by (used by) investing activities | $ | (471,174 | ) | $ | (216,092 | ) | $ | 248,288 | $ | 51,133 | $ | 154,707 | ||||||||
Cash flows provided by (used by) financing activities | $ | 595,171 | $ | 124,620 | $ | (306,894 | ) | $ | (195,358 | ) | $ | (189,038 | ) |
(1) | We present FFO because we consider it an important supplemental measure of our operating performance and believe that it is frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of REITS. We also use FFO as one of several criteria to determine performance-based incentive compensation for members of our senior management, which may be payable in cash or equity awards. The revised White Paper on FFO approved by the Board of Governors of the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, defines FFO as net income (loss) (determined in accordance with GAAP), excluding impairment write-downs of investments in depreciable real estate and investments in in-substance real estate investments, gains or losses from debt restructurings and sales of depreciable operating properties, plus real estate-related depreciation and amortization (excluding amortization of deferred financing costs), less distributions to noncontrolling interests and gains/losses from discontinued operations and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships, joint ventures, and equity investments. FFO does not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income (determined in accordance with GAAP), as an indication of our financial performance, or to cash flow from operating activities (determined in accordance with GAAP) as a measure of our liquidity, nor is it entirely indicative of funds available to fund our cash needs, including our ability to make cash distributions. Our calculation of FFO may be different from the calculation used by other companies and, therefore, comparability may be limited. |
A reconciliation of FFO to net income computed in accordance with GAAP is provided in Item 7 under the heading of “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Funds from Operations.”
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ITEM 7. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Amounts in thousands, except Overview section, share and per share data) |
Overview
Gramercy Property Trust Inc. is a leading global investor and asset manager of commercial real estate. Gramercy specializes in acquiring and managing single-tenant, net leased industrial and office properties. We focus on income producing properties leased to high quality tenants in major markets in the United States and Europe. Gramercy is organized as a REIT.
Gramercy earns revenues primarily through three sources. We earn rental revenues on properties that we own directly or in a joint venture in the United States, asset management revenues on properties owned by third parties in both the United States and Europe and pro-rata rental revenues on our investment in the Gramercy European Property Fund.
As of December 31, 2014, we owned interests (either directly or through a joint venture or equity investment) in 132 properties containing an aggregate of approximately 13.7 million rentable square feet. The following is a summary of the characteristics of our property portfolio at December 31, 2014:
· | 99% occupancy; |
· | A weighted average remaining lease term of 9.6 years (based on gross purchase price); |
· | 56% investment grade tenancy (includes subsidiaries of non-guarantor investment grade parent companies) (based on gross purchase price); |
· | Industrial portfolio comprised of 9.5 million aggregate rentable square feet with an average base rent per square foot of $6.67; |
· | Office/banking center portfolio comprised of 3.9 million aggregate rentable square feet with an average base rent per square foot of $10.07 (including one property we own through a joint venture); |
· | Specialty asset portfolio of seven improved sites comprised of 224 acres of land and 288 thousand aggregate rentable square feet of building space that we lease to a car auction services company, a bus depot, a rental car company, and salvage yards; and |
· | Top five tenants by annualized base rent include: Bank of America, N.A. or Bank of America, guaranteed by Bank of America Corp. (33%); Adesa Texas, Inc., guaranteed by KAR Holdings, Inc. (6%); AMCOR Rigid Plastics USA, Inc., guaranteed by Amcor Limited (4%); EF Transit, Inc., guaranteed by Monarch Beverage Co., Inc. (3%); and Office Depot, Inc., guaranteed by Office Depot, Inc. (3%). |
In 2014, we achieved a number of transformative milestones, including:
Property Investment
· | During the year ended December 31, 2014, we acquired 100 properties aggregating approximately 9.0 million square feet in 28 separate transactions for a total purchase price of approximately $834.3 million, including the acquisition of the remaining 50% equity interest in the Bank of America Portfolio. |
Raised Capital
· | In March 2014, we completed a private offering of $115.0 million aggregate principal amount of our Operating Partnership’s 3.75% Exchangeable Senior Notes due 2019. The Exchangeable Senior Notes have an initial exchange price of approximately $6.20 per share of our common stock, exchangeable, under certain circumstances for cash, for shares of our common stock or for a combination of cash and shares of our common stock; |
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· | In May 2014, we raised net proceeds of $218.2 million through a public offering of 46.0 million shares of our common stock; |
· | In June 2014, we closed on a $400.0 million senior unsecured credit facility, consisting of a $200.0 million revolving credit facility and $200.0 million term loan; In January 2015, we expanded the senior unsecured credit facility, increasing the revolving borrowing capacity thereunder to $400.0 million, which increased our aggregate borrowing capacity under the facility to $600.0 million; |
· | In July 2014, we issued approximately 3.8 million limited operating partnership units, or OP Units, of our Operating Partnership, priced at $6.19 per share, in connection with the acquisition of a portfolio of three industrial properties; |
· | In August 2014, we raised $81.6 million of net proceeds through a public offering of 3.5 million shares of 7.125% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock and, in September 2014, we redeemed all of our outstanding 8.125% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock; |
· | In September 2014, we established an “at-the-market” equity offering program, or ATM, under which we may from time to time issue an aggregate of up to $100.0 million of our common stock; and |
· | In December 2014, we raised net proceeds of $336.1 million through a public offering of 59.8 million shares of our common stock. |
Launched European Operations
· | In December 2014, we formed Gramercy European Property Fund, a private real estate investment fund with several equity investment partners, targeting single-tenant industrial, office and specialty retail assets throughout Europe. The equity investors have committed approximately $426.5 million (€352.5 million) in equity capital, including $60.5 million (€50.0 million) from us, which will be used to acquire a portfolio of approximately $1.0 billion in real estate assets by utilizing 55%-60% leverage; and |
· | Simultaneously, we acquired 100% of the ownership interests of ThreadGreen Europe Limited, or Gramercy Europe Asset Management, a London-based company that manages real estate investments across Europe, to provide investment and asset management services to the Gramercy European Property Fund. |
We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Internal Revenue Code, and generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes to the extent we distribute our taxable income, if any, to our stockholders. We have in the past established, and may in the future establish TRSs to effect various taxable transactions. Those TRSs would incur U.S. federal, state and local taxes on the taxable income from their activities.
We conduct substantially all of our operations through GPT Property Trust LP, our Operating Partnership. We are the sole general partner of our Operating Partnership. Our Operating Partnership conducts our commercial real estate investment business through various wholly-owned entities and our realty management business primarily through a wholly-owned TRS.
Unless the context requires otherwise, all references to “Gramercy,” “our Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” mean Gramercy Property Trust Inc., a Maryland corporation, and one or more of its subsidiaries, including our Operating Partnership.
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Property Portfolio
During the year ended December 31, 2014, we acquired 100 properties aggregating approximately 9.0 million square feet for a total purchase price of approximately $834.3 million. A summary of our consolidated portfolio as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 is presented below:
Weighted-average | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of Properties | Rentable Square Feet | Occupancy | Lease Term(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Properties | December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 | December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 | December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 | December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Office/Banking Centers | 75 | 3 | 3,717,877 | 48,709 | 97.9 | % | 100.0 | % | 8.73 | 8.45 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Industrial Properties | 49 | 25 | 9,520,504 | 4,222,613 | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 9.26 | 10.38 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Specialty Assets | 7 | 3 | 288,207 | 255,738 | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 13.57 | 13.87 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 131 | 31 | 13,526,588 | 4,527,060 | 99.4 | % | 100.0 | % | 9.19 | 10.55 |
(1) | Weighted-average lease term is based upon the remaining non-cancelable lease term as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The weighted-average calculation is based upon square footage. |
Joint Ventures and Equity Investments
Bank of America Portfolio — We owned a 50% interest in the Bank of America Portfolio joint venture until June 2014, when we acquired the remaining 50% equity interest from Garrison Investment Group. The portfolio was encumbered with a $200,000 floating rate, interest-only mortgage note maturing in 2014, collateralized by 67 properties, which was paid off at the time of our acquisition of the remaining 50% interest.
Philips Building — We own a 25% interest in Philips HQ JV, which is owner of a fee interest in 200 Franklin Square Drive, a 199,900 square foot office building located in Somerset, New Jersey which is 100% net leased to Philips Holdings, USA Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Royal Philips Electronics, through December 2021. The property is subject to a $41,000 fixed-rate mortgage with an anticipated repayment date in 2015.
Gramercy European Property Fund — We formed a private real estate investment fund with several equity investment partners in December 2014, which will invest predominantly in single-tenant industrial, office, and specialty retail assets throughout Europe, or the Gramercy European Property Fund. The equity investors have committed approximately $426.5 million (€352.5 million) in equity capital, including $60.5 million (€50.0 million) from us, which will be used to acquire a portfolio of approximately $1.0 billion in real estate assets by utilizing 55%-60% leverage.
Asset and Property Management
In addition to net leased investing, we also operate a commercial real estate management business for third parties. As of December 31, 2014, this business, which operates under the name Gramercy Asset Management, managed approximately $1.1 billion of commercial properties located throughout the United States and Europe. We manage properties for companies including KBS, Oak Tree Capital Management, L.P., and the Gramercy European Property Fund.
We have an integrated asset management platform within Gramercy Asset Management to consolidate responsibility for, and control over, leasing, lease administration, property management, operations, construction management, tenant relationship management and property accounting. To the extent that we provide asset management services for third-party property owners, we provide such services in consultation with and at the direction of such owners.
Our Management Agreement with KBS provides for a base management fee of $7.5 million per year as well as certain other fees as provided therein. The term of the Management Agreement will continue to December 31, 2016 (with a one year extension option exercisable by KBS), unless earlier terminated as therein provided, and also provides incentive fees in the form of profit participation ranging from 10% – 30% of profits earned on sales.
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In December 2014, we assumed the Gramercy Europe Asset Management Agreement in connection with the acquisition of ThreadGreen Europe Limited, which was renamed Gramercy Europe Asset Management. Pursuant to the Gramercy Europe Management Agreement, Gramercy Europe Asset Management will provide property, asset management and advisory services to an existing portfolio of single-tenant industrial and office assets located in Germany, Finland, and Switzerland. In connection with the formation of the Gramercy European Property Fund with several investment partners, we also established a management company, which has a management contract with Gramercy European Property Fund for the provision of property and asset management services to the Gramercy European Property Fund.
Commercial Real Estate Finance
In March 2013, we disposed of our Gramercy Finance segment, and exited the commercial real estate finance business. Our commercial real estate finance business invested in and managed a diversified portfolio of real estate loans, including whole loans, bridge loans, subordinate interests in whole loans, mezzanine loans, CMBS, and preferred equity involving commercial properties throughout the United States, and which held interests in real estate properties acquired through foreclosures. The disposal was completed pursuant to a sale and purchase agreement to transfer the collateral management and sub-special servicing agreements for our three CDOs to CWCapital for proceeds of $6.3 million in cash, after expenses. We maintained the Retained CDO Bonds, which represent noninvestment grade subordinate bonds, preferred shares and ordinary shares in the CDOs, and which may allow us to recoup additional proceeds over the remaining life of the CDOs based upon resolution of underlying assets within the CDOs. However, there is no guarantee that we will realize any proceeds from the Retained CDO Bonds or what the timing of these proceeds might be. On March 15, 2013, we deconsolidated the assets and liabilities of Gramercy Finance from our Consolidated Financial Statements and recognized a gain on the disposal of $389.1 million within discontinued operations. The carrying value of the Retained CDO Bonds was $4.3 million as of December 31, 2014.
In addition to our Retained CDO Bonds, we expect to receive additional cash proceeds for past CDO servicing advances when specific assets within the CDOs are liquidated. We received reimbursements of $7.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2014, and the carrying value of the receivable for servicing advance reimbursements as of December 31, 2014 is $1.5 million. We do not anticipate receiving a substantial portion of the remaining CDO servicing advance reimbursements until the second half of 2015.
Critical Accounting Policies
The following discussion related to our Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements appearing in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Our discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, known as GAAP. These accounting principles require us to make some complex and subjective decisions and assessments. Our most critical accounting policies involve decisions and assessments, which could significantly affect our reported assets, liabilities and contingencies, as well as our reported revenues and expenses. We believe that all of the decisions and assessments upon which our financial statements are based were reasonable at the time and made based upon information available to us at that time. We evaluate these decisions and assessments on an ongoing basis. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We have identified our most critical accounting policies to be the following:
Real Estate Investments
We record acquired real estate investments as business combinations when the real estate is occupied, at least in part, at acquisition. Costs directly related to the acquisition of such investments are expensed as incurred. We allocate the purchase price of real estate to land, building and intangibles, such as the value of above-, below- and at-market leases, and origination costs associated with the in-place leases at the acquisition date. The values of the above- and below-market leases are amortized and recorded as either an increase, in the case of below-market leases, or a decrease, in the case of above-market leases, to rental revenue over the remaining term of the associated lease. The values associated with in-place leases are amortized over the expected term of the associated lease.
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We assess the fair value of the leases at acquisition based upon estimated cash flow projections that utilize appropriate discount and capitalization rates and available market information. Estimates of future cash flows are based on a number of factors including the historical operating results, known trends, and market/economic conditions that may affect the property. To the extent acquired leases contain fixed rate renewal options that are below-market and determined to be material, we amortize such below-market lease value into rental revenue over the renewal period. Additionally, for transactions that are business combinations, we evaluate the existence of goodwill or a gain from a bargain purchase at the time of acquisition.
Acquired real estate investments involving sale-leasebacks that have newly-originated leases are recorded as asset acquisitions and accordingly, transaction costs incurred in connection with the acquisition are capitalized. Acquired real estate investments which are under construction are considered build-to-suit transactions and other acquired real estate investments that do not meet the definition of a business combination are recorded at cost. In build-to-suit transactions, we engage a developer to construct a property or provide funds to a tenant to develop a property. We capitalize the funds provided to the developer/tenant and the internal costs of interest and real estate taxes, if applicable, during the construction period.
Certain improvements are capitalized when they are determined to increase the useful life of the building. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful life at acquisition of the capitalized item or 40 years for buildings, five to ten years for building equipment and fixtures, and the lesser of the useful life or the remaining lease term for tenant improvements and leasehold interests. Maintenance and repair expenditures are charged to expense as incurred.
In leasing office space, we may provide funding to the lessee through a tenant allowance. In accounting for tenant allowances, we determine whether the allowance represents funding for the construction of leasehold improvements and evaluate the ownership of such improvements. If we are considered the owner of the leasehold improvements, we capitalize the amount of the tenant allowance and depreciate it over the shorter of the useful life of the leasehold improvements or the lease term. If the tenant allowance represents a payment for a purpose other than funding leasehold improvements, or in the event we are not considered the owner of the improvements for accounting purposes, the allowance is considered to be a lease incentive and is recognized over the lease term as a reduction of rental revenue. Factors considered during this evaluation usually include (i) who holds legal title to the improvements, (ii) evidentiary requirements concerning the spending of the tenant allowance, and (iii) other controlling rights provided by the lease agreement (e.g. unilateral control of the tenant space during the build-out process). Determination of the accounting for a tenant allowance is made on a case-by-case basis, considering the facts and circumstances of the individual tenant lease.
We also review the recoverability of the property’s carrying value when circumstances indicate a possible impairment of the value of a property. The review of recoverability is based on an estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows, excluding interest charges, expected to result from the property’s use and eventual disposition. These estimates consider factors such as changes in strategy resulting in an increased or decreased holding period, expected future operating income, market and other applicable trends and residual value, as well as the effects of leasing demand, competition and other factors. If management determines impairment exists due to the inability to recover the carrying value of a property, an impairment loss is recorded to the extent that the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value of the property for properties to be held and used and for assets held for sale, an impairment loss is recorded to the extent that the carrying value exceeds the fair value less estimated cost of disposal. These assessments are recorded as an impairment loss in our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) in the period the determination is made. The estimated fair value of the asset becomes its new cost basis. For a depreciable long-lived asset, the new cost basis will be depreciated or amortized over the remaining useful life of that asset.
Joint Ventures and Equity Investments
We account for joint ventures and equity investments under the equity method of accounting since we exercise significant influence, but do not unilaterally control the entities, and we are not considered to be the primary beneficiary. In joint ventures and equity investments, the rights of the other investors are protective and participating. Unless we are determined to be the primary beneficiary, these rights preclude us from consolidating the investments. The investments are recorded initially at cost as joint venture and equity investments, as applicable, and subsequently are adjusted for equity in net income (loss) and cash contributions and distributions. Any difference between the carrying amount of the investments on our balance sheet and the underlying equity in net assets is evaluated for impairment at each reporting period. None of the joint venture or equity investment debt is recourse to us. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, we had joint venture and equity investments of $0 and $39,385, respectively.
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Variable Interest Entities
We have one consolidated variable interest entity, or VIE, as of December 31, 2014 and no consolidated VIEs as of December 31, 2013. We have four unconsolidated VIEs as of December 31, 2014 and three unconsolidated VIEs as of December 31, 2013.
Consolidated VIEs
Gramercy Europe Asset Management (European Fund Manager)
In connection with our December 2014 investment in the Gramercy European Property Fund, we acquired equity interests in the entity, hereinafter European Fund Manager, which provides investment and asset management services to Gramercy European Property Fund. We have determined that European Fund Manager is a VIE, as the equity holders of that entity do not have controlling financial interests and the obligation to absorb losses. As Gramercy Europe Asset Management, through an investment advisory agreement with the VIE, controls the activities that most significantly affect the economic outcome of European Fund Manager, we have concluded that we are that entity’s primary beneficiary and have consolidated the VIE.
As of December 31, 2014, European Fund Manager has no assets or liabilities. European Fund Manager is expected to generate net cash inflows for us in the form of management fees in the future, however, if the VIE’s cash inflows are not sufficient to cover our obligations, we may provide financial support for the VIE.
Collateralized Debt Obligations
On March 15, 2013, as a result of the disposal of the Gramercy Finance segment, we deconsolidated three VIEs, which represented the three CDOs that we previously managed as part of our Finance business. We were the collateral manager of the three CDOs and in our capacity as collateral manager, we made decisions related to the collateral that most significantly impacted the economic outcome of the CDOs, which was the basis upon which we concluded that we were the primary beneficiary of the CDOs as of December 31, 2012. In connection with the disposal of Gramercy Finance, we transferred the collateral management and sub-special servicing agreements for our three CDOs to CWCapital, thereby removing ourselves as the collateral manager and our ability to make any and all decisions related to the collateral, including those that would most significantly impact the economic outcome of the CDOs. As of March 15, 2013, we had no continuing involvement with the collateral to the CDOs, and as a result, we determined that we were no longer the primary beneficiary of the CDOs, and therefore deconsolidated the CDOs.
We have retained our subordinate debt and equity ownership, or the Retained CDO Bonds, in the CDOs, which were previously eliminated in consolidation and were not sold as part of the disposal of Gramercy Finance. The Retained CDO Bonds may provide us with the potential to receive continuing cash flows in the future, however, there is no guarantee that we will realize any proceeds from the Retained CDO Bonds, or what the timing of these proceeds might be. These interests have been recognized at fair value as the Retained CDO Bonds on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Unconsolidated VIEs
Gramercy Europe Asset Management (European Fund Carry Co.)
In connection with our December 2014 investment in the Gramercy European Property Fund, we acquired equity interests in the entity, hereinafter European Fund Carry Co., entitled to receive certain preferential distributions, if any, made from time-to-time by Gramercy European Property Fund. We have determined that European Fund Carry Co. is a VIE, as the equity holders of that entity do not have controlling financial interests and the obligation to absorb losses. Decisions that most significantly affect the economic performance of European Fund Carry Co. are decided by a majority vote of that VIE’s shareholders. As such, we do not have a controlling financial interest in the VIE and have accounted for it as an equity investment.
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As of December 31, 2014, European Fund Carry Co. has no assets or liabilities
Investment in Retained CDO Bonds
As further discussed above, on March 15, 2013, we recognized an asset in Retained CDO Bonds in connection with the disposal of the Gramercy Finance segment. We are not obligated to provide any financial support to these CDOs. Our maximum exposure to loss is limited to our interest in the Retained CDO Bonds and we do not control the activities that most significantly impact the VIEs’ economic performance.
Assets Held for Sale
As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, we had no assets classified as held for sale.
Real estate investments to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or estimated fair value, less costs to sell. We recorded impairment charges of $0, $0, and $35,043 during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012, respectively, related to real estate investments within discontinued operations.
Tenant and Other Receivables
Tenant and other receivables are derived from management fees, rental revenue and tenant reimbursements.
Management fees, including incentive management fees, are recognized as earned in accordance with the terms of the management agreements. The management agreements may contain provisions for fees related to dispositions, administration of the assets including fees related to accounting, valuation and legal services, and management of capital improvements or projects on the underlying assets.
Rental revenue is recorded on a straight-line basis over the initial term of the lease. Since many leases provide for rental increases at specified intervals, straight-line basis accounting requires us to record a receivable, and include in revenues, unbilled rent receivables that will only be received if the tenant makes all rent payments required through the expiration of the initial term of the lease. Tenant and other receivables also include receivables related to tenant reimbursements for common area maintenance expenses and certain other recoverable expenses that are recognized as revenue in the period in which the related expenses are incurred.
We continually review receivables related to rent, tenant reimbursements, and management fees, including incentive fees, and determine collectability by taking into consideration the tenant or asset management clients’ payment history, the financial condition of the tenant or asset management client, business conditions in the industry in which the tenant or asset management client operates and economic conditions in the area in which the property or asset management client is located. In the event that the collectability of a receivable is in doubt, we increase the allowance for doubtful accounts or record a direct write-off of the receivable.
Intangible Assets and Liabilities
We follow the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations. We allocate the purchase price of acquired properties to tangible and identifiable intangible assets and liabilities acquired based on their respective fair values. Tangible assets include land, buildings and improvements on an as-if vacant basis. We utilize various estimates, processes and information to determine the as-if vacant property value. Estimates of value are made using customary methods, including data from appraisals, comparable sales, discounted cash flow analyses and other methods. Identifiable intangible assets include amounts allocated to acquired leases for above- and below-market lease and ground rent rates, the value of in-place leases, and acquired contract-based intangibles. Management also considers information obtained about each property as a result of its pre-acquisition due diligence in estimating the fair value of the tangible and intangible assets and liabilities acquired.
Above-market and below-market lease values for properties acquired are recorded based on the present value of the difference between the contractual amount to be paid pursuant to each in-place lease and management’s estimate of the fair market lease rate for each such in-place lease, measured over a period equal to the remaining non-cancelable term of the lease. The present value calculation utilizes a discount rate that reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired. The above-market lease values are amortized as a reduction of rental revenue over the remaining non-cancelable terms of the respective leases. The below-market lease values are amortized as an increase to rental revenue over the initial term of the respective leases. If a tenant terminates its lease prior to its contractual expiration and no future rental payments will be received, any unamortized balance of the market lease intangibles will be written off to rental revenue.
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The aggregate value of intangible assets related to in-place leases is primarily the difference between the property valued with existing in-place leases adjusted to market rental rates and the property valued as-if vacant. Factors considered by management in its analysis of the in-place lease intangibles include an estimate of carrying costs during the expected lease-up period for each property taking into account current market conditions and costs to execute similar leases. In estimating carrying costs, management includes real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses and estimates of lost rentals at market rates during the anticipated lease-up period. Management also estimates costs to execute similar leases including leasing commissions and other related expenses. The value of in-place leases is amortized to depreciation and amortization expense over the remaining non-cancelable term of the respective leases. In no event does the amortization period for intangible assets exceed the remaining depreciable life of the building. If a tenant terminates its lease prior to its contractual expiration and no future rental payments will be received, any unamortized balance of the in-place lease intangible would be written off to depreciation and amortization expense.
Above-market and below-market ground rent intangibles are recorded for properties acquired in which we are the lessee pursuant to a ground lease assumed on the property at acquisition. The above-market and below-market ground rent intangibles are recorded based on the present value of the difference between the contractual amount to be paid pursuant to each in-place ground lease and management’s estimate of the fair market lease rate for each such in-place ground lease, measured over a period equal to the remaining non-cancelable term of the lease. The present value calculation utilizes a discount rate that reflects the risks associated with the ground leases assumed. The above-market ground lease values are amortized as a reduction of rent expense over the remaining non-cancelable terms of the respective leases. The below-market ground lease values are amortized as an increase to rent expense over the initial term of the respective leases. If we terminate a lease prior to its contractual expiration and no future rent payments will be paid, any unamortized balance of the market lease intangibles will be written off to rent expense.
Contracts that we have assumed pursuant to a business combination, such as asset or property management contracts, are recorded at fair value at the time of acquisition. We determine the fair value of the contract intangible using a discounted cash flow analysis that considers the future cash flows projected from the contract as well as the term of the contract and any renewal or termination provisions. The present value calculation utilizes a discount rate that reflects the risks associated with the contract acquired. The value of the contract intangible is amortized to depreciation and amortization expense on a straight-line basis over the expected remaining useful term of the contract. If the contract is terminated prior to its contractual expiration and no future payments will be received, any unamortized balance of the contract intangible would be written off to depreciation and amortization expense. Contract intangibles are recorded in other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the fair value of the synergies expected to be achieved upon consummation of a business combination and is measured as the excess of consideration transferred over the net assets acquired at acquisition date. Our goodwill has an indeterminate life and is not amortized, but is tested for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. We take a qualitative approach to consider whether an impairment of goodwill exists prior to quantitatively determining the fair value of the reporting unit in step one of the impairment test. We did not record any impairment on our goodwill during 2014.
Servicing Advances Receivable
Servicing advances receivable is comprised of the accrual for the reimbursement of servicing advances recognized as part of the disposal of Gramercy Finance. The accrual for reimbursement of servicing advances incurred while we were the collateral manager of the CDOs includes expenses such as legal fees incurred to negotiate modifications and foreclosures on loan investments, professional fees incurred on certain loans, or fees for services such as appraisals obtained on real estate properties that served as collateral for loan investments. These reimbursement proceeds will be realized when the related assets within the CDOs are liquidated in accordance with the terms of the collateral management and sub-special servicing agreements, which were sold in connection with the disposal of Gramercy Finance. We have no control over the timing of the resolution of the related assets, however, we earn accrued interest at the prime rate for the time that these reimbursements are outstanding. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 we received reimbursements of $7,428 and $6,055, respectively. As of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the servicing advances receivable is $1,485 and $8,758, respectively.
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We review the servicing advances receivable on a quarterly basis and determine collectability by reviewing the expected resolution and timing of the underlying assets of the CDOs. As of December 31, 2014, we have reviewed the outstanding servicing advances and have determined that all amounts are collectible.
Retained CDO Bonds
The Retained CDO Bonds are non-investment grade subordinate bonds, preferred shares and ordinary shares of three CDO’s, which we recognized at fair value and retained in March 2013 subsequent to the disposal of Gramercy Finance. Our management estimated the timing and amount of cash flows expected to be collected and recognized an investment in the Retained CDO Bonds equal to the net present value of these discounted cash flows. There is no guarantee that we will realize any proceeds from this investment, or what the timing of investment income will be for the expected remaining life of the Retained CDO Bonds. We consider these investments to be not of high credit quality and do not expect a full recovery of interest and principal. Therefore, we have suspended interest income accruals on these investments. On a quarterly basis, we evaluate the Retained CDO Bonds to determine whether significant changes in estimated cash flows or unrealized losses on these investments, if any, reflect a decline in value which is other-than-temporary. If there is a decrease in estimated cash flows and the investment is in an unrealized loss position, we will record an other-than-temporary impairment in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. To determine the component of the other-than-temporary impairment related to expected credit losses, we compare the amortized cost basis of the Retained CDO Bonds to the present value of our revised expected cash flows, discounted using our pre-impairment yield. Conversely, if the security is in an unrealized gain position and there is a decrease or significant increase in expected cash flows, we will prospectively adjust the yield using the effective yield method.
As of December 31, 2014, the Retained CDO Bonds had an amortized cost of $4,759 and a fair value of $4,293. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, we recognized other-than-temporary impairment, or OTTI, of $4,816 and $2,002, respectively, on the Retained CDO Bonds.
Valuation of Financial Instruments
At December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, we measured all of our financial instruments, including Retained CDO Bonds and derivative instruments, on a recurring basis. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, or an exit price.
ASC 820-10, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” among other things, establishes a hierarchical disclosure framework associated with the level of pricing observability utilized in measuring financial instruments at fair value. The level of pricing observability generally correlates to the degree of judgment utilized in measuring the fair value of financial instruments. The three broad levels defined are as follows:
Level I — This level is comprised of financial instruments that have quoted prices that are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level II — This level is comprised of financial instruments for which quoted prices are available but which are traded less frequently and instruments that are measured at fair value using management’s judgment, where the inputs into the determination of fair value can be directly observed.
Level III — This level is comprised of financial instruments that have little to no pricing observability as of the reported date. These financial instruments do not have active markets and are measured using management’s best estimate of fair value, where the inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment and assumptions. Instruments that are generally included in this category include derivatives.
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Retained CDO Bonds: Retained CDO Bonds are valued on a recurring basis using an internally developed discounted cash flow model. Management estimates the timing and amount of cash flows expected to be collected and applies a discount rate equal to the yield that we would expect to pay for similar securities with similar risks at the valuation date. Future expected cash flows generated by management require significant assumptions and judgment regarding the expected resolution of the underlying collateral, which includes loans and other lending investments, real estate investments, and CMBS. The resolution of the underlying collateral requires further management assumptions regarding capitalization rates, lease-up periods, future occupancy rates, market rental rates, holding periods, capital improvements, net property operating income, timing of workouts and recoveries, loan loss severities and other factors. The models are most sensitive to the unobservable inputs such as the timing of a loan default or property sale and the severity of loan losses. Significant increases (decreases) in any of those inputs in isolation as well as any change in the expected timing of those inputs would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. Due to the inherent uncertainty in the determination of fair value, we have designated our Retained CDO Bonds as Level III.
Derivative instruments: Fair values of our derivative instruments, such as interest rate swaps, are valued with assistance of a third-party derivative specialist, who uses a combination of observable market-based inputs, such as interest rate curves, and unobservable inputs which require significant judgment such as the credit valuation adjustments due to the risk of non-performance by us and our counterparties. The fair valuation of derivative instruments is most sensitive to the credit valuation adjustment as all or a portion of the credit valuation adjustment may be reversed or otherwise adjusted in future periods in the event of changes in the credit risk of us or our counterparties. Fair value of some of our derivative instruments is determined using a Black-Scholes model. This model requires inputs such as expected term, expected volatility, and risk-free interest rate. Fair value of the our embedded exchange option is determined using a probabilistic valuation model with the assistance of third-party valuation specialists.
Revenue Recognition
Real Estate Investments
Rental revenue from leases on real estate investments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease, regardless of when payments are contractually due. The excess of rental revenue recognized over the amounts contractually due according to the underlying leases are included in deferred revenue on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We begin recognition of rental revenue from leases on properties that are under construction at the time of acquisition upon completion of construction of the leased asset and delivery of the leased asset to the tenant.
Our lease agreements with tenants also generally contain provisions that require tenants to reimburse us for real estate taxes, insurance costs, common area maintenance costs, and other property-related expenses. Under lease arrangements in which we are the primary obligor for these expenses, such amounts are recognized as both revenues and operating expenses for us. Under lease arrangements in which the tenant pays these expenses directly, such amounts are not included in revenues or expenses. These reimbursement amounts are recognized in the period in which the related expenses are incurred.
Investment income consists primarily of income accretion on our Retained CDO Bonds, which are measured at fair value on a quarterly basis using a discounted cash flow model. Other income includes interest income on servicing advances and interest income earned and reimbursed related to deposits we make for real estate acquisitions. Interest income on servicing advances is recognized as it is earned and interest income on deposits made for pending acquisitions is recognized when the transaction closes.
We recognize sales of real estate properties only upon closing. Payments received from purchasers prior to closing are recorded as deposits. Profit on real estate sold is recognized using the full accrual method upon closing when the collectability of the sale price is reasonably assured and we are not obligated to perform significant activities after the sale. Profit may be deferred in whole or part until the sale meets the requirements of profit recognition on sale of real estate.
Asset Management Business
Our asset and property management agreements may contain provisions for fees related to dispositions, administration of the assets including fees related to accounting, valuation and legal services, and management of capital improvements or projects on the underlying assets. We recognize revenue for fees pursuant to our management agreements in the period in which they are earned. Management fees received prior to the date earned are included in deferred revenue on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
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Certain of our asset management contracts include provisions that may allow us to earn additional fees, generally described as incentive fees or profit participation interests, based on the achievement of a targeted valuation of the managed assets or the achievement of a certain internal rate of return on the managed assets. We recognize incentive fees on our asset management contracts based upon the amount that would be due pursuant to the contract, if the contract were terminated at the reporting date, through the measurement date. If the contact may be terminated at will, revenue will only be recognized to the amount that would be due pursuant to that termination. If the incentive fee is a fixed amount, only a proportionate share of revenue is recognized at the reporting date, with the remaining fees recognized on a straight-line basis over the measurement period. The values of incentive management fees are periodically evaluated by management.
The Original Management Agreement with KBS Acquisition Sub, LLC, or KBSAS, a wholly-owned subsidiary of KBS Real Estate Investment Trust, Inc., or KBS REIT, was extended through execution of the Management Agreement, effective as of December 1, 2013, and provides for a base management fee of $7,500 per year, payable monthly, plus the reimbursement of certain administrative and property related expenses. The Management Agreement is effective through December 31, 2016 with a one-year extension option through December 31, 2017, exercisable by KBS, and also provides incentive fees in the form of profit participation ranging from 10% – 30% of profits earned on sales.
The Original Management Agreement, which was in effect through December 1, 2013, provided a base management fee of $9,000 per year, payable monthly, plus the reimbursement of all property related expenses paid, and an incentive fee, or the Threshold Value Profits Participation, in an amount equal to the greater of: (a) $3,500 or (b) 10% of the amount, if any, by which the portfolio equity value exceeds $375,000. The Threshold Value Profits Participation was capped at a maximum of $12,000.
In the second quarter of 2013, after consideration of the termination provisions of the agreement and the sales of real estate assets made to date, we recognized incentive fees of $5,700 related to the Original Management Agreement and, following the signing of the Management Agreement, KBSAS paid $12,000 to us in satisfaction of our profit participation interest under the Original Management Agreement.
In December 2014, we assumed the Gramercy Europe Asset Management Agreement in connection with the acquisition of ThreadGreen Europe Limited, which we subsequently renamed Gramercy Europe Asset Management. Pursuant to the Gramercy Europe Management Agreement, Gramercy Europe Asset Management will provide property, asset management and advisory services to a portfolio of single-tenant industrial and office assets located in Germany, Finland, and Switzerland.
Rent Expense
Rent expense is recognized on a straight-line basis regardless of when payments are due. Accounts payable and accrued expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 includes an accrual for rental expense recognized in excess of amounts due at that time. Rent expense related to leasehold interests is included in property operating expenses, and rent expense related to office rentals is included in management, general and administrative expense and property management expense.
Stock-Based Compensation Plans
We have stock-based compensation plans, described more fully in Note 12 in the accompanying financial statements. We account for stock-based awards using the fair value recognition provisions. Awards of stock or restricted stock are expensed as compensation over the benefit period and may require inputs that are highly subjective and require significant management judgment and analysis to develop. We assume a forfeiture rate which impacts the amount of aggregate compensation cost recognized. In accordance with the provisions of our stock-based compensation plans, we accept the return of shares of our common stock, at the current quoted market price to satisfy minimum statutory tax-withholding requirements related to shares that vested during the period. We also grants awards pursuant to its stock-based compensation plans in the form of LTIP units, which are a class of limited partnership interests in GPT Property Trust LP, our Operating Partnership.
We use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of a stock option award. This model requires inputs such as expected term, expected volatility, and risk-free interest rate. These inputs are highly subjective and generally require significant analysis and judgment to develop. Compensation cost for stock options, if any, is recognized ratably over the vesting period of the award. Our policy is to grant options with an exercise price equal to the quoted closing market price of our stock on the business day preceding the grant date.
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The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of grant for options issued to employees, and quarterly for options issued to non-employees, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions for grants in 2014 and 2013.
2014 | 2013 | |||||||
Dividend yield | 2.50 | % | 5.50 | % | ||||
Expected life of option | 5.0 years | 5.0 years | ||||||
Risk-free interest rate | 1.81 | % | 0.72 | % | ||||
Expected stock price volatility | 41.00 | % | 53.00 | % |
Derivative Instruments
In the normal course of business, we are exposed to the effect of interest rate changes and limit these risks by following established risk management policies and procedures including the use of derivatives. We use a variety of derivative instruments to manage, or hedge, interest rate risk. We require that hedging derivative instruments be effective in reducing the interest rate risk exposure that they are designated to hedge. This effectiveness is essential for qualifying for hedge accounting. Instruments that meet these hedging criteria are formally designated as hedges at the inception of the derivative contract. We use a variety of commonly used derivative products that are considered “plain vanilla” derivatives. These derivatives typically include interest rate swaps, caps, collars and floors. We expressly prohibit the use of unconventional derivative instruments and using derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Further, we have a policy of only entering into contracts with major financial institutions based upon their credit ratings and other factors.
We may from time to time use derivative instruments in connection with the private placement of equity. In October 2013, we entered into contingent value right agreements, or CVR Agreements with the share purchasers. Pursuant to each CVR Agreement, we issued to each purchaser the number of contingent value rights, or CVRs, equal to the number of common stock purchased. These CVRs were not designated as hedge instruments. The CVRs did not qualify, nor did we intend for these instruments to qualify, as hedging instruments. On March 25, 2014, the CVR Agreements expired with no value.
In March 2014, we issued Exchangeable Senior Notes, which are exchangeable, under certain circumstances, for cash, for shares of our common stock or for a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, in accordance with the terms of the Exchangeable Senior Notes, as described in Note 6 in the accompanying financial statements. The embedded exchange option value of the Exchangeable Senior Notes was originally recorded as a derivative at March 31, 2014, however, pursuant to NYSE share-settlement limitations, the exchange option was revalued as of June 26, 2014, when the appropriate shareholder approvals were obtained for share-settlement, and the exchange option value was recorded as additional paid-in-capital. The exchange option does not qualify, nor did we intend for it to qualify, as a hedging instrument.
We recognize all derivatives on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value. To determine the fair value of derivative instruments, we use a variety of methods and assumptions that are based on market conditions and risks existing at each balance sheet date. For the majority of financial instruments including most derivatives, long-term investments and long-term debt, standard market conventions and techniques such as discounted cash flow analysis, option-pricing models, replacement cost and termination cost are used to determine fair value. All methods of assessing fair value result in a general approximation of value, and such value may never actually be realized.
Derivatives that are not hedges must be adjusted to fair value through income. If a derivative is a hedge, depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative will either be offset against the change in fair value of the hedged asset, liability or firm commitment through earnings, or recognized in other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative’s change in fair value will be immediately recognized in earnings. Derivative accounting may increase or decrease reported net income and stockholders’ equity prospectively, depending on future levels of LIBOR, swap spreads and other variables affecting the fair values of derivative instruments and hedged items, but will have no effect on cash flows, provided the contract is carried through to full term.
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All hedges held by us as of December 31, 2014 are deemed effective based upon the hedging objectives established by our corporate policy governing interest rate risk management. The effect of our derivative instruments on our financial statements is discussed more fully in Note 11.
Income Taxes
We elected to be taxed as a REIT, under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code, beginning with our taxable year ended December 31, 2004. To qualify as a REIT, we must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90% of our ordinary taxable income, if any, to stockholders. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on taxable income that we distribute to our stockholders. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will then be subject to U.S. federal income taxes on our taxable income at regular corporate rates and we will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes for four years following the year during which qualification is lost unless the Internal Revenue Service grants us relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could materially adversely affect our net income and net cash available for distributions to stockholders. However, we believe that we will be organized and operate in such a manner as to qualify for treatment as a REIT and we intend to operate in the foreseeable future in such a manner so that we will qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We may, however, be subject to certain state and local taxes. Our TRSs are subject to federal, state and local taxes.
For the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, we recorded $809, $8,908, and $3,330 of income tax expense, including $0, $2,515, and $0, within discontinued operations, respectively. Tax expense for each year is comprised of federal, state and local taxes. Income taxes, primarily related to our TRSs, are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis and operating loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. A valuation allowance is provided if we believe it is more likely than not that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. Any increase or decrease in a valuation allowance is included in the tax provision when such a change occurs.
Our policy for interest and penalties, if any, on material uncertain tax positions recognized in the financial statements is to classify these as interest expense and operating expense, respectively. As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, we did not incur any material interest or penalties.
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Results of Operations
Comparison of the year ended December 31, 2014 to the year ended December 31, 2013
Revenues
2014 | 2013 | Change | ||||||||||
Rental revenue | $ | 60,258 | $ | 12,181 | $ | 48,077 | ||||||
Management fees | 25,033 | 40,896 | (15,863 | ) | ||||||||
Operating expense reimbursements | 20,604 | 1,203 | 19,401 | |||||||||
Investment income | 1,824 | 1,717 | 107 | |||||||||
Other income | 221 | 707 | (486 | ) | ||||||||
Total revenue | $ | 107,940 | $ | 56,704 | $ | 51,236 | ||||||
Equity in net income (loss) of joint ventures and equity investments | $ | 1,959 | $ | (5,662 | ) | $ | 7,621 |
The increase of $48,077 in rental revenue is due to the acquisition of 100 properties in the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the acquisition of 29 properties in the year ended December 31, 2013.
The decrease of $15,863 in management fees is primarily attributable to the decrease of $9,087 in incentive fees recognized for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the year ended December 31, 2013. The decrease is also attributable to the decrease in the management fees of $5,283 earned from our contract with the Bank of America Portfolio joint venture for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the year ended December 31, 2013 as the fees were eliminated upon our acquisition of the remaining 50% equity interest in the joint venture on June 9, 2014.
The increase of $19,401 in operating expense reimbursements is attributable to 100 acquisitions made during the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to 29 acquisitions made during the year ended December 31, 2013.
The increase of $107 in investment income is primarily attributable to changes in expected cash flows on our Retained CDO Bonds, which increased the amount of investment income that was accreted.
For the year ended December 31, 2014, other income is primarily comprised of $155 in interest earned on outstanding servicing advances and cash balances held by us. For the year ended December 31, 2013, other income is primarily comprised of $611 gain on the liquidation of a joint venture plus interest earned on outstanding cash balances.
The equity in net income (loss) of joint ventures and equity investments of $1,959 and $(5,662) for the year ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, represents our proportionate share of the income (loss) generated by our joint ventures and equity investments, including our 50% interest in the Bank of America Portfolio joint venture, which we fully acquired on June 9, 2014 through acquisition of the remaining 50% equity interest. The Bank of America Portfolio joint venture net loss for the year ended December 31, 2013 includes our pro-rata share of impairments of $4,866 and gains on sales of $399 related to held for sale and sold properties and $4,534 loss from the sale of a pool of pledged treasury securities and the related defeased mortgage acquired as part of the joint venture’s acquisition.
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Expenses
2014 | 2013 | Change | ||||||||||
Property management expenses | $ | 17,500 | $ | 20,868 | $ | (3,368 | ) | |||||
Property operating expenses | 21,120 | 1,411 | 19,709 | |||||||||
Other-than-temporary impairment | 4,816 | 2,002 | 2,814 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 36,408 | 5,675 | 30,733 | |||||||||
Interest expense | 16,586 | 1,732 | 14,854 | |||||||||
Loss on derivative instruments | 3,300 | 115 | 3,185 | |||||||||
Management, general and administrative | 18,416 | 18,210 | 206 | |||||||||
Acquisition expenses | 6,171 | 2,808 | 3,363 | |||||||||
Gain on remeasurement of previously held joint venture | (72,345 | ) | - | (72,345 | ) | |||||||
Loss on extinguishment of debt | 1,925 | - | 1,925 | |||||||||
Provision for taxes | 809 | 6,393 | (5,584 | ) | ||||||||
Total expenses | $ | 54,706 | $ | 59,214 | $ | (4,508 | ) |
Property management expenses are comprised of costs related to our asset and property management business. The decrease of $3,368 in property management expenses is primarily related to reduction in costs related to our management fee contracts and the reduction in property management expenses related to our Bank of America Portfolio joint venture as certain fees were eliminated upon acquisition of the remaining 50% equity interest in the joint venture on June 9, 2014.
Property operating expenses are comprised of expenses directly attributable to our real estate portfolio. Property operating expenses include property related costs which we are responsible for during the lease term but can be passed through to the tenant as operating expense reimbursement revenue. The increase of $19,709 is attributable to the acquisition of 100 properties in the year ended December 31, 2014.
During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, we recorded other-than-temporary impairments of $4,816 and $2,002, respectively, on our Retained CDO Bonds due to adverse changes in expected cash flows related to the Retained CDO bonds.
The increase of $30,733 in depreciation and amortization expense is primarily due to the acquisition of 100 properties in the year ended December 31, 2014.
The increase of $14,854 in interest expense is primarily due to borrowings on our Term Loan and Unsecured Credit Facility, our Secured Credit Facility which was terminated in June 2014, our Exchangeable Senior Notes and the mortgages we assumed on our real estate acquisitions subsequent to December 31, 2012.
During the year ended December 31, 2014, we recorded a realized loss on derivative instruments of $3,300. The loss in 2014 was primarily related to the change in the fair value of the exchange option on the Exchangeable Senior Notes from the issuance date through June 26, 2014, when they qualified for equity classification and were accordingly reclassified into equity at fair value. The loss on the exchange option was $3,415 and was slightly offset by a $115 gain on the expiration of the CVR Agreements. During the year ended December 31, 2013, we recorded a $115 loss on derivative instruments related to the CVR Agreements as of December 31, 2013.
The increase of $206 in management, general, and administrative expense is primarily related to increased professional fees and increased stock compensation expense.
The increase of $3,363 in acquisition expenses is attributable to the acquisition of 100 properties in the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the acquisition of 29 properties in the year ended December 31, 2013.
During the year ended December 31, 2014, we recorded gain on remeasurement of previously held joint venture of $72,345 due to remeasurement of our previously held Bank of America Portfolio joint venture prior to our acquisition of the remaining 50% equity interest in the joint venture in June 2014.
During the year ended December 31, 2014, we recorded loss on extinguishment of debt of $1,925 related to termination of our Secured Credit Facility in 2014.
The provision for taxes was $809 and $6,393 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The decrease is primarily attributable to a reduction of incentive fees recognized.
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Comparison of the year ended December 31, 2013 to the year ended December 31, 2012
Revenues
2013 | 2012 | Change | ||||||||||
Rental revenue | $ | 12,181 | $ | 267 | $ | 11,914 | ||||||
Management fees | 40,896 | 34,667 | 6,229 | |||||||||
Operating expense reimbursements | 1,203 | 174 | 1,029 | |||||||||
Investment income | 1,717 | 600 | 1,117 | |||||||||
Other income | 707 | 1,113 | (406 | ) | ||||||||
Total revenue | $ | 56,704 | $ | 36,821 | $ | 19,883 | ||||||
Equity in net loss of joint ventures and equity investments | $ | (5,662 | ) | $ | (2,904 | ) | $ | (2,758 | ) |
Rental revenue was $12,181 and $267 for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The increase of $11,914 in rental revenue is due to the acquisition of 29 properties in the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to the acquisition of two properties in the year ended December 31, 2012.
The increase of $6,229 in management fees is primarily attributable to $10,223 of incentive fees recognized for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to $1,277 recognized for the year ended December 31, 2012, which was offset by the renegotiation of KBS management fees.
The increase of $1,029 in operating expense reimbursements is attributable to acquisitions made during the year ended December 31, 2013. For the year ended December 31, 2012, operating expense reimbursements were only attributable to two property acquisitions in November 2012.
Investment income for the year ended December 31, 2013 was primarily attributable to income accretion on the Retained CDO Bonds. For the year ended December 31, 2012, investment income was primarily generated from a mezzanine loan investment which was paid off in December 2012.
For the year ended December 31, 2013, other income is primarily comprised of $611 gain on the liquidation of a joint venture plus interest earned on outstanding cash balances. For the year ended December 31, 2012, other income is primarily comprised of $1,000 settlement payment received from of a defaulted loan investment held outside of our commercial real estate finance segment and interest earned on outstanding cash balances.
The equity in net loss of joint ventures and equity investments of $5,662 and $2,904 for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, represents our proportionate share of the loss generated by our joint ventures and equity investments, including our Bank of America Portfolio joint venture acquired in December 2012. The Bank of America Portfolio joint venture net loss for the year ended December 31, 2013 includes our pro-rata share of impairments of $4,866 and gains on sales of $399 related to held for sale and sold properties and $4,534 loss from the sale of a pool of pledged treasury securities and the related defeased mortgage acquired as part of the joint venture’s acquisition.
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Expenses
2013 | 2012 | Change | ||||||||||
Property management and operating expenses | 22,279 | 23,226 | (947 | ) | ||||||||
Other-than-temporary impairment | 2,002 | - | 2,002 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 5,675 | 256 | 5,419 | |||||||||
Interest expense | 1,732 | - | 1,732 | |||||||||
Loss on derivative instruments | 115 | - | 115 | |||||||||
Management, general and administrative | 18,210 | 25,335 | (7,125 | ) | ||||||||
Acquisition expenses | 2,808 | 111 | 2,697 | |||||||||
Provision for taxes | 6,393 | 3,330 | 3,063 | |||||||||
Total expenses | $ | 59,214 | $ | 52,258 | $ | 6,956 |
Property management and operating expenses are comprised of costs related to our asset and property management business as well as expenses directly attributable to our real estate portfolio. Property management and operating expenses include property related costs which we are responsible for during the lease term but can be passed through to the tenant as operating expense reimbursement revenue. The decrease of $947 in property management and operating expenses is primarily attributable reduced professional fees related to rebidding professional consulting and other contracts in an effort to reduce our annual operating costs and reduction in salaries and benefits.
During the year ended December 31, 2013, we recorded other-than-temporary impairments of $2,002 on our retained CDO Bonds, due to adverse changes in expected cash flows related to the retained bonds subsequent to our disposal of our Gramercy Finance segment and exit from the commercial real estate finance business in March 2013. Accordingly there was no other-than-temporary impairments during the year ended December 31, 2012.
The increase of $5,419 in depreciation and amortization expense is primarily due to the acquisition of 29 properties in the year ended December 31, 2013, compared to the acquisition of two properties in the year ended December 31, 2012.
The increase of $1,732 in interest expense is primarily attributable to borrowings under our Secured Credit Facility as well as expenses incurred in connection with mortgages encumbering eight other properties. For the year ended December 31, 2012, we had no long term secured debt and accordingly no interest expense was incurred.
During the year ended December 31, 2013, we recorded a $115 loss on derivative instruments related to the CVR Agreements as of December 31, 2013.
The decrease of $7,125 in management, general and administrative expenses is primarily related to $2,615 of costs incurred in connection with our strategic review process completed in 2012, and reduced employee headcount and corresponding decreases in salary and employee benefit costs of $1,696, a reduction in legal and professional fees of $1,095, a reduction in compliance and auditing costs of $1,004 and reduced insurance costs of $336, all of which related to rebidding professional and consulting arrangements as well as savings achieved in connection with reduced complexity of our business subsequent to our disposal of our Gramercy Finance segment and exit from the commercial real estate finance business in March 2013. The remainder of the decrease in management, general and administrative costs for the year ended December 31, 2013 is primarily attributable to lower occupancy costs for leased corporate and regional management offices.
The increase of $2,697 in acquisition expenses is attributable to the acquisition of 29 properties in the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to the acquisition of two properties in the year ended December 31, 2012.
The increase of $3,063 in the provision for taxes is primarily attributable to additional incentive fee revenue recognized during the year ended December 31, 2013.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity is a measurement of our ability to meet cash requirements, including ongoing commitments to fund acquisitions of real estate assets, repay borrowings, pay dividends and other general business needs. In addition to cash on hand, our primary sources of funds for short-term and long-term liquidity requirements, including working capital, distributions, debt service and additional investments, consist of: (i) cash flow from operations; (ii) proceeds from our common equity and debt offerings; (iii) borrowings under our unsecured term loan and revolving credit facility; (iv) new financings; (v) proceeds from our Exchangeable Senior Notes offering; and, (vi) proceeds from additional common or preferred equity offerings. We believe these sources of financing will be sufficient to meet our short-term and long-term liquidity requirements. Our ability to fund our short-term liquidity needs, including debt service and general operations (including employment related benefit expenses), through cash flow from operations can be evaluated through the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows included in our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Our ability to borrow under our Unsecured Credit Facility and Term Loan is subject to our ongoing compliance with a number of customary financial covenants including our maximum secured and unsecured leverage ratios, minimum fixed charge coverage ratios, consolidated adjusted net worth values, unencumbered asset values, occupancy rates, and portfolio lease terms.
As of the date of this filing, we expect that our cash on hand and cash flow from operations will be sufficient to satisfy our anticipated short-term and long-term liquidity needs as well as our recourse liabilities, if any.
To maintain our qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, we must distribute annually at least 90% of our taxable income. This distribution requirement limits our ability to retain earnings and thereby replenish or increase capital for operations.
Cash Flows
Net cash provided by operating activities increased $3,384 to $32,787 for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to $29,403 for the same period in 2013. Operating cash flow was generated primarily by net rental revenue from our real estate investments and management fees.
Net cash used for investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2014 was $471,174 compared to net cash used by investing activities of $216,092 during the same period in 2013. The increase in cash flow used by investing activities in 2014 is primarily attributable to the acquisition of 100 properties during the year ended December 31, 2014, net of any assumed mortgages and capital expenditures related to the acquisitions.
Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2014 was $595,171 as compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $124,620 during the same period in 2013. The change is primarily attributable to the net proceeds from our equity raises, the net proceeds from our issuance of Exchangeable Senior Notes, and the funds provided from our Term Loan and Unsecured Credit Facility, net of our payment of dividends and our repayment of the outstanding balance on our Secured Credit Facility.
Capitalization
Our authorized capital stock consists of 250,000,000 shares, $0.001 par value per share, of which we are authorized to issue up to 220,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, 25,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share, and 5,000,000 shares of excess stock, $0.001 par value per share. As of December 31, 2014, 186,945,569 shares of common stock, 3,500,000 shares of preferred stock and no shares of excess stock were issued and outstanding, respectively.
In February 2015, our shareholders approved an increase in the number of our authorized shares of common stock from 220,000,000 to 400,000,000.
In December 2014, we completed an underwritten public offering of 59,800,000 shares of our common stock, which includes the exercise in full by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to 7,800,000 additional shares of common stock. The shares of common stock were issued at a public offering price of $5.90 per share and the net proceeds from the offering were approximately $336,073, after expenses.
In May 2014, we completed an underwritten public offering of 46,000,000 shares of our common stock, which includes the exercise in full by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to 6,000,000 additional shares of common stock. The shares of common stock were issued at a public offering price of $4.98 per share and the net proceeds from the offering were approximately $218,224, after expenses.
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In October 2013, we entered into a common stock purchase agreement and related joinder agreements, for the private placement of 11,535,200 shares of common stock at a price of $4.11 per share, raising net proceeds of $45,520. The purchasers of our stock issued in the private placement agreed not to offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of the common stock purchased until March 25, 2014, without our consent, with certain exceptions if we issued common stock or securities exchangeable into common stock during the period. The shares of common stock sold in the private placement were offered and sold pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements under Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933. The purchasers were accredited investors as defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933. Pursuant to the private placement, we entered into CVR Agreements with purchasers of our stock in that offering. The CVR Agreements expired on March 25, 2014 with no value.
At-The-Market Equity Offering Program
In September 2014, we, along with our Operating Partnership, entered into an “at-the-market” equity offering program, or ATM Program, to issue an aggregate of up to $100,000 of our common stock. During the year ended December 31, 2014, we sold 7,712,046 shares of our common stock through the ATM Program for net proceeds of approximately $44,302 after related expenses. The net proceeds from these offerings were used to fund new investments and for other operating purposes. As of December 31, 2014, we have $54,720 available to issue under the ATM Program.
Preferred Stock
At December 31, 2014, we have 3,500,000 of our 7.125% Series B Preferred Stock, or Series B Preferred Stock, outstanding with a mandatory liquidation preference of $25.00 per share. Holders of the Series B Preferred Stock are entitled to receive annual dividends of $1.78125 per share on a quarterly basis and dividends are cumulative, subject to certain provisions. On or after August 15, 2019, we can, at our option, redeem the Series B Preferred Stock at par for cash. In August 2014, we received $81,638 in net proceeds after expenses upon issuance.
In September 2014, we redeemed all of the outstanding shares of our 8.125% Series A Preferred Stock at a redemption price of $25.32161 per share, equal to the sum of the $25.00 per share redemption price of the stock and a quarterly dividend of $0.32161 prorated to the redemption date of September 12, 2014. As a result of the redemption, we recorded a $2,912 charge to the Consolidated Statements of Operations equal to the excess of the $25.00 per share liquidation preference over the carrying value as of the redemption date.
Deferred Stock Compensation Plan for Directors
Under our Independent Director’s Deferral Program, which commenced April 2005 and was amended and restated in December 2014, our independent directors may elect to defer up to 100% of their annual retainer fee, chairman fees and meeting fees. Unless otherwise elected by a participant, fees deferred under the program shall be credited in the form of phantom stock units. The phantom stock units are convertible into an equal number of shares of common stock upon such directors’ termination of service from the board of directors or a change in control by us, as defined by the program. Phantom stock units are credited to each independent director quarterly using the closing price of our common stock on the applicable dividend record date for the respective quarter. If dividends are declared by us, each participating independent director who elects to receive fees in the form of phantom stock units has the option to have their account credited for an equivalent amount of phantom stock units based on the dividend rate for each quarter or have dividends paid in cash.
As of December 31, 2014, there were approximately 592,285 phantom stock units outstanding, of which 580,851 units are vested.
Market Capitalization
At December 31, 2014, our consolidated market capitalization is $1,846,902 based on a common stock price of $6.90 per share and the closing price of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on December 31, 2014. Market capitalization includes consolidated debt and common and preferred stock.
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Equity Incentive Plans
In connection with the hiring of Gordon F. DuGan, Benjamin P. Harris, and Nicholas L. Pell, who joined on July 1, 2012 as Chief Executive Officer, President and Managing Director, respectively, pursuant to the 2012 Outperformance Plan, we granted equity awards to these executives in the form of LTIPs, which represent a class of limited partnership interests in our Operating Partnership. The LTIP Units are structured to quality as “profits interests” for federal income tax purposes and do not have full parity, on a per unit basis, with the Class A limited partnership interests in us or our Operating Partnership with respect to liquidating distributions. Pursuant to the 2012 Outperformance Plan, these executives, in the aggregate, may earn up to $20,000 of LTIP Units based on our common stock price appreciation over a four-year performance period ending June 30, 2016. The amount of LTIP Units earned under the 2012 Outperformance Plan will range from $4,000 if our common stock price equals a minimum hurdle of $5.00 per share (less any dividends paid during the performance period) to $20,000 if our common stock price equals or exceeds $9.00 per share (less any dividends paid during the performance period) at the end of the performance period. In the event that the performance hurdles are not met on a vesting date, the award scheduled to vest on that vesting date may vest on a subsequent vesting date if the common stock price hurdle is met as of such subsequent vesting date. The executives will not earn any LTIP Units under the 2012 Outperformance Plan to the extent that our common stock price is less than the minimum hurdle. During the performance period, the executives may earn up to 12%, 24% and 36% of the maximum amount under the 2012 Outperformance Plan at the end of the first, second and third years, respectively, of the performance period if our common stock price has equaled or exceeded the stock price hurdles as of the end of such years. If the minimum stock price hurdle is met as of the end of any such year, the actual amount earned will range on a sliding scale from 20% of the maximum amount that may be earned as of such date (at the minimum stock price hurdle) to 100% of the maximum amount that may be earned as of such date (at the maximum stock price hurdle). Any LTIP Units earned under the 2012 Outperformance Plan will remain subject to vesting, with 50% of any LTIP Units earned vesting on June 30, 2016 and the remaining 50% vesting on June 30, 2017 based, in each case, on continued employment through the vesting date. The LTIP Units issued in July 2012 in connection with the hiring of new executives had a fair value of $1,870 on the date of grant, which was calculated in accordance with ASC 718.
In March 2013, we granted four senior officers equity awards pursuant to the 2012 Outperformance Plan in the form of LTIP Units having an aggregate maximum value of $4,000, and a fair value of $845, which was calculated in accordance with ASC 718. We used a probabilistic valuation approach to estimate the inherent uncertainty that the LTIP Units may have with respect to our common stock. Compensation expense of $588 and $555 was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, for the 2012 Outperformance Plan. Compensation expense of $1,353 will be recorded over the course of the next 24 months, representing the remaining weighted average vesting period of the LTIP Units as of December 31, 2014.
In March 2013, we granted to four senior officers pursuant to the 2004 Equity Incentive Plan a total of 115,000 time-based restricted stock awards and 345,000 performance-based restricted stock units. The time-based awards vest in five equal annual installments commencing December 15, 2013, subject to continued employment. Vesting of the performance-based units requires, in addition to continued employment over a 5-year period, achievement of absolute increases in either our stock price or an adjusted funds from operations (as defined by our compensation committee).
In connection with the equity awards made to Messrs. DuGan, Harris and Pell in connection with the hiring of these executives, we adopted the 2012 Inducement Equity Incentive Plan, or the Inducement Plan. Under the Inducement Plan, we may grant equity awards for up to 4,500,000 shares of common stock pursuant to the employment inducement award exemption provided by the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company Manual. The Inducement Plan permits us to issue a variety of equity awards, including stock options, restricted stock, phantom shares, dividend equivalent rights and other equity-based awards. All of the shares available under the Inducement Plan were issued or reserved for issuance to Messrs. DuGan, Harris and Pell in connection with the equity awards made upon the commencement of their employment. Equity awards issued under the Inducement Plan had a fair value of $6,125 on the date of grant. Compensation expense of $1,148, $766, and $383 was recorded for years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, for the 2012 Inducement Equity Incentive Plan. Compensation expense of $3,828 will be recorded over the course of the next 18 months representing the remaining weighted average vesting period of equity awards issued under the Inducement Plan as of December 31, 2014.
We had previously issued LTIP Units to both the former Chief Executive Officer and the former President. During 2011, we entered into an amendment to the LTIP Unit award agreement with these executives to cancel the vesting schedule of outstanding LTIP Units in the Partnership and grant a new vesting schedule with respect to such LTIP Units. The new vesting schedule provided for 50% of each executive's LTIP Units to vest on June 30, 2012 subject to continued employment and an additional 50% of each executive's LTIP Units to vest upon the satisfaction of certain vesting conditions relating to the settlement of our Gramercy Finance business. Compensation expense of $0, $0 and $401 was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, related to the issuance and modification of LTIP Units.
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In May 2014, we granted 190,477 shares of restricted stock to our Chief Executive Officer, Gordon F. DuGan, to recognize his strong performance leading us in 2013, during which we achieved a number of important repositioning milestones. The restricted stocks awards vest on the fifth anniversary of the date of grant, subject to Mr. DuGan’s continued employment. The shares of restricted stock are also subject to accelerated vesting in certain circumstances pursuant to Mr. DuGan's employment agreement.
Indebtedness
The table below summarizes our debt obligations at December 31, 2014 and 2013:
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2014 | 2013 | |||||||
Mortgage notes payable | $ | 161,642 | $ | 122,180 | ||||
Exchangeable senior notes | 107,836 | - | ||||||
Unsecured term loan | 200,000 | - | ||||||
Secured revolving credit facility | - | 45,000 | ||||||
Total | $ | 469,478 | $ | 167,180 | ||||
Cost of debt | 3.28% to 7.46% | 0.00% to 6.95% |
Secured Revolving Credit Facility
On September 4, 2013, we entered into the Secured Credit Facility with Deutsche Bank Securities, Inc., as lead arranger and bookrunner, and Deutsche Bank AG New York Branch, as administrative agent, for a $100,000 senior secured revolving credit facility, for which the Credit and Guaranty Agreement was amended and restated on September 24, 2013. We exercised the $50,000 accordion feature in February 2014, which increased our borrowing capacity to $150,000. The maturity date of the Secured Credit Facility was September 2015, with one 12-month extension option exercisable by us, subject, among other things, to there being an absence of an event of default under the Secured Credit Facility and to the payment of an extension fee. The Secured Credit Facility was guaranteed by Gramercy Property Trust Inc. and certain subsidiaries and was secured by first priority mortgages on the Borrowing Base of designated properties. Outstanding borrowings under the Secured Credit Facility were limited to the lesser of (i) the sum of the $100,000 revolving commitment and the maximum $50,000 commitment increase available or (ii) 60.0% of the value of the Borrowing Base. Interest on advances made on the Secured Credit Facility, were incurred at a floating rate based upon, at our option, either (i) LIBOR plus the applicable LIBOR margin, or (ii) the applicable base rate which is the greater of the Prime Rate, 0.50% above the Federal Funds Rate, or 30-day LIBOR plus 1.00%. The applicable LIBOR margin ranged from 1.90% to 2.75%, depending on the ratio of our outstanding consolidated indebtedness to the value of our consolidated gross assets. As of December 31, 2013, there were borrowings of $45,000 outstanding under the Secured Credit Facility and 18 properties in the Borrowing Base. On June 9, 2014, we terminated the Secured Credit Facility and concurrently replaced it with an unsecured credit facility. We recorded a net loss on the early extinguishment of debt of $1,925 for the year ended December 31, 2014 in connection with the unamortized deferred financing costs that were immediately expensed upon termination.
Mortgage Loans
Certain real estate assets are subject to mortgage loans. During 2014, we assumed $45,607 of non-recourse mortgages in connection with four real estate acquisitions. During 2013, we assumed $48,899 of non-recourse mortgages in connection with two real estate acquisitions. During 2013, we also entered into a total of $72,245 non-recourse mortgage loans with a weighted average fixed-rate of 4.83% and a weighted-average floating rate of LIBOR + 2.10%.
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Unsecured Debt
On June 9, 2014, we entered into a Revolving Credit and Term Loan Agreement with lead arrangers JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A, administrative agent, and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, as syndication agent, for a $400,000 unsecured credit facility, consisting of a $200,000 Term Loan and a $200,000 Unsecured Credit Facility. The aggregate amount of the Term Loan and Unsecured Credit Facility may be increased to a total of up to $800,000, in the aggregate, subject to the approval of the lender and satisfaction of certain customary terms. We expanded the Unsecured Credit Facility in January 2015, increasing the revolving borrowing capacity thereunder to $400,000 million, which increased our aggregate borrowing capacity under the Unsecured Credit Facility and Term Loan to $600,000. The Term Loan expires in June 2019 and was used to repay the existing $200,000 mortgage loan secured by the Bank of America Portfolio at the time of our acquisition of the remaining 50% equity interest in the Bank of America Portfolio joint venture. The Unsecured Credit Facility expires in June 2018, with an option for a one-year extension, and replaces our previously existing $150,000 Secured Credit Facility, which was terminated simultaneously.
Interest on outstanding balances on the Term Loan and advances made on the Unsecured Credit Facility, is incurred at a floating rate based upon, at our option, either (i) LIBOR plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.35% to 2.05%, depending on our total leverage ratio, or (ii) the applicable base rate plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.35% to 1.05%, depending on our total leverage ratio. The applicable base rate is the greater of (x) the prime rate, (y) 0.50% above the Federal Funds Effective Rate, and (z) 30-day LIBOR plus 1.00%. The Term Loan has a borrowing rate of one-month LIBOR plus 1.60% and the Unsecured Credit Facility has a borrowing rate of one month LIBOR plus 1.65%. In connection with the Term Loan, we also entered into a fixed rate swap agreement with the lender, JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., which has been designated as an effective cash flow hedge. The combined effective fixed rate of the Term Loan is 3.42% which equals the hedge interest rate of 1.82% plus the applicable base rate of 1.60%.
The Term Loan and Unsecured Credit Facility are guaranteed by Gramercy Property Trust Inc. and certain subsidiaries. The facilities include a series of financial and other covenants that we must comply with in order to borrow under the facilities. We are in compliance with the covenants under the facilities at December 31, 2014. As of December 31, 2014, there were borrowings of $200,000 outstanding under the Term Loan and no borrowings outstanding under the Unsecured Credit Facility.
Exchangeable Senior Notes
On March 18, 2014, we issued $115,000 of 3.75% Exchangeable Senior Notes. The Exchangeable Senior Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Operating Partnership and are guaranteed by us on a senior unsecured basis. The Exchangeable Senior Notes mature on March 15, 2019, unless redeemed, repurchased or exchanged in accordance with their terms prior to such date and will be exchangeable, under certain circumstances, for cash, for shares of our common stock or for a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at the Operating Partnership's election. The Exchangeable Senior Notes will also be exchangeable prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the stated maturity date, at any time beginning on December 15, 2018, and also upon the occurrence of certain events. On or after March 20, 2017, in certain circumstances, the Operating Partnership may redeem all or part of the Exchangeable Senior Notes for cash at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Exchangeable Senior Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest up to, but excluding, the redemption date.
The Exchangeable Senior Notes had an initial exchange rate of 161.1863 shares of our common stock per $1.0 principal amount of the Exchangeable Senior Notes, representing an exchange price of approximately $6.20 per share of our common stock. The initial exchange rate is subject to adjustment under certain circumstances. As of December 31, 2014, the Exchangeable Senior Notes have a current exchange rate of 161.5329 shares of our common stock per $1.0 principal amount of the Exchangeable Senior Notes, representing an exchange price of approximately $6.19 per share of our common stock. The fair value of the Exchangeable Senior Notes was determined at issuance to be $106,689. The discount is being amortized to interest expense over the expected life of the Exchangeable Senior Notes. As of December 31, 2014, the principal amount of the Exchangeable Senior Notes was $115,000, the unamortized discount was $7,164, and the carrying value was $107,836. As of December 31, 2014, and if Exchangeable Senior Notes were eligible for conversion, we could issue shares valued at $128,176 based upon our closing stock price of $6.90, which would exceed the value of the outstanding principal by $13,176.
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Due to the New York Stock Exchange’s limitation on the issuance of more than 19.99% of a company’s common stock outstanding without shareholder approval for issuances above this threshold, the embedded exchange option in the Exchangeable Senior Notes did not qualify for equity classification at the time of issuance. Instead, it was accounted for as a derivative liability upon issuance. As such, the value of the Exchangeable Senior Notes’ conversion options was recorded as a derivative liability on the balance sheet upon issuance of the Exchangeable Senior Notes. On June 26, 2014, we obtained the appropriate shareholder approval, and reclassified the embedded exchange option at a fair value of $11,726 into additional paid-in-capital within stockholders’ equity, which is the carrying amount of the equity component as of December 31, 2014. For the year ended December 31, 2014, we recorded a loss on derivative of $3,415 on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Contractual Obligations
We are obligated under certain tenant leases, to construct the underlying leased property or fund tenant expansions. As of December 31, 2014, we had three outstanding commitments: (1) the contribution of $1,500 towards tenant improvements on a warehouse/industrial property in Garland, Texas, of which the unfunded amounts were estimated to be $429; (2) the expansion of a property located in Olive Branch, Mississippi, whereby the tenant has a one-time option to expand the building by 250,000 square feet; and (3) the expansion of a property located in Logan Township, New Jersey, whereby the tenant has a one-time option to expand the building by 25,000 square feet. The tenants have not noticed us for the building expansion options and therefore, no amounts are due and no unfunded amounts have been estimated. We fully funded the construction of a 118,000 square foot cold storage facility located in Hialeah Gardens, Florida, during the third quarter of 2014.
We have committed approximately $60,490 (€50,000) to the Gramercy European Property Fund, which was formed in December 2014. The Gramercy European Property Fund has a total initial capital commitment of approximately $305,475 (€252,500) from us and our investment partners, comprised of $60,490 (€50,000) from us, $244,985 (€202,500) from our investment partners, and an additional $120,980 (€100,000) from certain investment partners, not including us, after the first $305,475 (€252,500) has been invested. See Note 5, “Joint Ventures and Equity Investments,” in the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on the Gramercy European Property Fund. Foreign currency commitments have been converted into U.S. dollars based on (i) the foreign exchange rate at the closing date for completed transactions and (ii) the exchange rate that prevailed on December 31, 2014, in the case of unfunded commitments.
The industrial property located in Hamlet, North Carolina, that we acquired in December 2014, operates under a ground lease, classified as a capital lease. The ground lease has minimal annual rent payments and a term expiration date of May 2039. We also have an obligation to purchase the land under the ground lease at fair market value upon termination or expiration of the building or ground lease term. In connection with the ground lease, we recorded a capital lease purchase obligation for $260, representing the fair value of the land at acquisition, and will amortize the obligation up to the estimated fair value of the land at the required purchase date by recording periodic amortization into interest expense, using the effective interest method.
We have certain properties acquired as part of the Bank of America Portfolio on June 9, 2014, that are subject to ground leases, which are accounted for as operating leases. The ground leases have varying ending dates, renewal options and rental rate escalations, with the latest leases extending to June 2053.
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Combined aggregate principal maturities and future minimum payments of our unsecured debt obligations, non-recourse mortgages, Exchangeable Senior Notes, and ground leases, in addition to associated interest payments, as of December 31, 2014 are as follows:
Unsecured Debt | Mortgage Notes Payable | Exchangeable Senior Notes | Ground Leases | Interest Payments | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
2015 | $ | - | $ | 3,877 | $ | - | $ | 1,390 | $ | 19,277 | $ | 24,544 | ||||||||||||
2016 | - | 12,441 | - | 1,317 | 19,020 | 32,778 | ||||||||||||||||||
2017 | - | 19,097 | - | 1,314 | 17,909 | 38,320 | ||||||||||||||||||
2018 | - | 31,977 | - | 1,314 | 16,318 | 49,609 | ||||||||||||||||||
2019 | 200,000 | 3,067 | 115,000 | 1,307 | 9,941 | 329,315 | ||||||||||||||||||
Thereafter | - | 87,602 | - | 42,450 | 14,201 | 144,253 | ||||||||||||||||||
Below market interest | - | - | - | - | (3,581 | ) | (3,581 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 200,000 | $ | 158,061 | $ | 115,000 | $ | 49,092 | $ | 93,085 | $ | 615,238 |
We incurred rent expense on ground leases of $853, $0 and $0 during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012, respectively.
Leasing Agreements
Future minimum rental revenue under non-cancelable leases, excluding reimbursements for operating expenses, as of December 31, 2014 are as follows:
Operating Leases | ||||
2015 | $ | 90,851 | ||
2016 | 92,291 | |||
2017 | 91,610 | |||
2018 | 92,212 | |||
2019 | 88,183 | |||
Thereafter | 488,660 | |||
Total minimum lease rental income | $ | 943,807 |
Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements
We have off-balance-sheet investments, including joint ventures and equity investments. These investments all have varying ownership structures. Substantially all of our joint venture and equity investment arrangements are accounted for under the equity method of accounting as we have the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control over the operating and financial decisions of these joint venture and equity investment arrangements. Our off-balance-sheet arrangements are discussed in Note 5 in the accompanying financial statements.
Dividends
To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we must pay annual dividends to our stockholders of at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined before taking into consideration the dividends paid deduction and net capital gains. Before we pay any dividend, whether for U.S. federal income tax purposes or otherwise, which would only be paid out of available cash, we must first meet both our operating requirements and scheduled debt service on our mortgages and loans payable.
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Transactions with Director Related Entities and Related Parties
Our CEO, Gordon F. DuGan, is on the board of directors of the Gramercy European Property Fund and has committed approximately $1,500 (€1,250) in capital to the Gramercy European Property Fund. The two Managing Directors of Gramercy Europe Asset Management have collectively committed approximately $1,500 (€1,250) in capital to the Gramercy European Property Fund. Foreign currency commitments have been converted into U.S. dollars based on (i) the foreign exchange rate at the closing date for completed transactions and (ii) the exchange rate that prevailed on December 31, 2014, in the case of unfunded commitments.
Three of the properties we closed on subsequent to December 31, 2014, which comprised an aggregate 450,000 square feet and are located in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, were acquired from affiliates of KTR Capital Partners, or KTR, a private industrial real estate investment company, for which one of our directors serves as Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board.
The Chief Executive Officer of SL Green Realty Corp. (NYSE: SLG), or SL Green, was one of our directors until September 30, 2014, when he resigned. We did not have a disagreement with Mr. Holliday on any matter relating to our operations, policies or practices. In recognition of his service, our board of directors ratably vested 1,125 of the 1,500 shares of our common stock granted to Mr. Holliday in January 2014.
In June 2013, we signed a lease agreement with 521 Fifth Fee Owner LLC, an affiliate of SL Green, for new corporate office space located at 521 Fifth Avenue, 30th Floor, New York, New York. The lease commenced in September 2013, following the completion of certain improvements to the space. The lease is for approximately 6,580 square feet and expires in 2023 with rents of approximately $368 per annum for year one rising to $466 per annum in year ten. We paid $368 under the lease for the year ended December 31, 2014.
From May 2005 through September 2013, we were party to a lease agreement with SLG Graybar Sublease LLC, an affiliate of SL Green, for our previous corporate offices at 420 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York. In September 2013, concurrently with the commencement of the lease for the new corporate offices at 521 Fifth Avenue, we cancelled the lease for our corporate office at 420 Lexington Avenue.
Funds from Operations
We present FFO because we consider it an important supplemental measure of our operating performance and believe that it is frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of REITs. We also use FFO as one of several criteria to determine performance-based incentive compensation for members of our senior management, which may be payable in cash or equity awards. The revised White Paper on FFO approved by the Board of Governors of the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, defines FFO as net income (loss) (determined in accordance with GAAP), excluding impairment write-downs of investments in depreciable real estate and investments in in-substance real estate investments, gains or losses from debt restructurings and sales of depreciable operating properties, plus real estate-related depreciation and amortization (excluding amortization of deferred financing costs), less distributions to noncontrolling interests and gains/losses from discontinued operations and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships, joint ventures, and equity investments. FFO does not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income (determined in accordance with GAAP), as an indication of our financial performance, or to cash flow from operating activities (determined in accordance with GAAP) as a measure of our liquidity, nor is it entirely indicative of funds available to fund our cash needs, including our ability to make cash distributions. Our calculation of FFO may be different from the calculation used by other companies and, therefore, comparability may be limited.
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FFO for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:
For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders | $ | 44,644 | $ | 377,665 | $ | (178,710 | ) | |||||
Add: | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 36,408 | 6,449 | 5,205 | |||||||||
FFO adjustments for joint ventures and equity investments | 4,086 | 11,111 | 669 | |||||||||
Net loss attributed to noncontrolling interest | (236 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Non-cash impairment of real estate investments | - | - | 35,043 | |||||||||
Net (income) loss for discontinued operations | 524 | (392,999 | ) | 153,207 | ||||||||
Less: | ||||||||||||
Non real estate depreciation and amortization | (784 | ) | (952 | ) | (4,059 | ) | ||||||
Gain on remeasurement of previously held joint venture | (72,345 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Gain on sale | - | - | (15,915 | ) | ||||||||
FFO adjustments for discontinued operations | - | (7 | ) | (20,056 | ) | |||||||
Funds from operations | $ | 12,297 | $ | 1,267 | $ | (24,616 | ) | |||||
Funds from operations per share - basic | $ | 0.12 | $ | 0.02 | $ | (0.47 | ) | |||||
Funds from operations per share - diluted | $ | 0.11 | $ | 0.02 | $ | (0.47 | ) |
For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding - EPS | 104,811,814 | 61,500,847 | 51,976,462 | |||||||||
Weighted average non-vested share based payment awards | - | 678,784 | - | |||||||||
Weighted average partnership units held by noncontrolling interest | 1,033,877 | - | - | |||||||||
Weighted average common shares and units outstanding | 105,845,691 | 62,179,631 | 51,976,462 | |||||||||
Diluted weighted average common shares and common share equivalents outstanding - EPS (1) | 107,750,340 | 61,500,847 | 51,976,462 | |||||||||
Weighted average partnership units held by noncontrolling interest | - | - | - | |||||||||
Weighted average non-vested share based payment awards | - | 2,212,711 | - | |||||||||
Weighted average stock options | - | 51,412 | - | |||||||||
Phantom shares | - | 534,038 | - | |||||||||
Diluted weighted average common shares and units outstanding | 107,750,340 | 64,299,008 | 51,976,462 |
(1) | When FFO is positive for a period in which there is a net loss from continuing operations, the Company computes the amount of diluted shares for the period for use in the FFO per share calculations. |
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Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In April 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-08, Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity, which revises the definition of discontinued operations by limiting discontinued operations reporting to disposals of components of an entity that represent strategic shifts that have, or will have, a major effect on an entity's operations and financial results, removing the lack of continuing involvement criteria and requiring discontinued operations reporting for the disposal of an equity method investment that meets the definition of discontinued operations. This guidance also requires expanded disclosures for discontinued operations, including disclosure of pretax profit or loss of an individually significant component of an entity that does not qualify for discontinued operations reporting. The update is effective prospectively for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2014 with early adoption permitted in certain circumstances. We have elected early adoption, and this adoption is not expected to have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which creates a new Topic ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The core principle of the new guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Additionally, the guidance requires improved disclosures to help users of financial statements better understand the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue that is recognized. The update is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is not permitted, thus we will appropriately adopt and apply the guidance retrospectively for our fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 and the interim periods within that year.
In June 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-12, Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period. It applies to entities that grant employees share-based payments in which the terms of the award provide that a performance target affecting vesting could be achieved after the requisite service period, which is the case when employees may retire or otherwise terminate employment prior to the end of the period in which a performance target could be achieved and still be eligible to vest in the award if and when the performance target is achieved. Pursuant to the guidance, entities should apply existing guidance in ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation, as it relates to awards with performance conditions that affect vesting to account for such awards. This update is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2015 with early adoption permitted. We have not elected early adoption, and this adoption is not expected to have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements—Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern. The ASU is intended to define management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an organization’s ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures as needed based on the evaluation. It provides guidance to an organization’s management, with principles and definitions that are intended to reduce diversity in the timing and content of disclosures provided by organizations in the financial statement footnotes. The update applies to all companies and not-for-profit organizations and becomes effective in the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, with early application permitted. We have elected early adoption for the annual period ended December 31, 2015, and this adoption is not expected to have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In November 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-16, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Determining Whether the Host Contract in a Hybrid Financial Instrument Issued in the Form of a Share Is More Akin to Debt or to Equity. The ASU clarifies how to interpret current U.S. GAAP in evaluating the economic characteristics and risks of a host contract in a hybrid financial instrument that is issued in the form of a share. The update applies to all companies and becomes effective for public entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015, with early application permitted. We have not elected early adoption, and our adoption is not expected to have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-02, Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis, which amends the current consolidation guidance, including introducing a separate consolidation analysis specific to limited partnerships and other similar entities. Under this analysis, limited partnerships and other similar entities will be considered a VIE unless the limited partners hold substantive kick-out rights or participating rights. The guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2015, with early adoption permitted. We have not elected early adoption and we are currently evaluating the new guidance to determine the impact it may have on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK
Market Risk
Market risk includes risks that arise from changes in interest rates, credit, commodity prices, foreign currency exchange rates, equity prices and other market changes that affect market sensitive instruments. In pursuing our business plan, we expect that the primary market risks to which we will be exposed are real estate, interest rate, foreign currency exchange risk, and credit risks. These risks are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations and other factors that are beyond our control.
Real Estate Risk
Commercial property values and net operating income derived from such properties are subject to volatility and may be affected adversely by a number of factors, including, but not limited to, national, regional and local economic conditions, local real estate conditions (such as an oversupply of retail, industrial, office or other commercial or multi-family space), changes or continued weakness in specific industry segments, construction quality, age and design, demographic factors, retroactive changes to building or similar codes, and increases in operating expenses (such as energy costs). We may seek to mitigate these risks by employing careful business selection, rigorous underwriting and credit approval processes and attentive asset management.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk is highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations and other factors beyond our control. Our operating results will depend in large part on differences between the income from our assets and our borrowing costs. Our real estate assets generate income principally from fixed long-term leases and we are exposed to changes in interest rates primarily from floating rate borrowing arrangements. We expect that we will primarily finance our investment in commercial real estate with fixed rate, unsecured, non-recourse financing, however, to the extent that we use floating rate borrowing arrangements, our net income from our real estate investments will generally decease if LIBOR increases. We have used, and continue to use, interest rate caps or swaps to manage our exposure to interest rate changes. We currently have an Unsecured Credit Facility, Term Loan and one mortgage note payable which are based upon a floating rate. The Term Loan and mortgage note payable have an outstanding balance of $361,642 at December 31, 2014, however these debt obligations are hedged effectively by interest rate swaps which we believe will mitigate the interest rate risk related to these borrowings. As of December 31, 2014, we have no borrowings outstanding under our Unsecured Credit Facility.
Credit Risk
Credit risk refers to the ability of each tenant in our portfolio of real estate investments to make contractual lease payments on the scheduled due dates. We seek to reduce credit risk of our real estate investments by entering into long-term leases with tenants after a careful evaluation of credit worthiness as part of our property acquisition process. If defaults occur, we employ our asset management resources to mitigate the severity of any losses and seek to relet the property. In the event of a significant rising interest rate environment and/or economic downturn, tenant delinquencies and defaults may increase and result in credit losses that would materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
We operate an asset management business and have capital commitments to an equity investment in the European Union. As a result, we are subject to risk from the effects of exchange rate risk from the effects of exchange rate movements in the euro and the British pound sterling, which may affect future costs and cash flows. We intend to hedge our foreign currency exposure related to our investments in Europe by financing our investments in the local currency denominations. We are generally a net payer of various foreign currencies (we pay out more cash than we receive), and therefore our foreign operations benefit from a weaker U.S. dollar, and are adversely affected by a stronger U.S. dollar, relative to the foreign currency. For the year ended December 31, 2014, we recognized a realized foreign currency transaction loss of $16 and no unrealized foreign currency transaction gain or loss. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in Other Income in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
75 |
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Index to Financial Statements and Schedules
All other schedules are omitted because they are not required or the required information is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.
76 |
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Stockholders of Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Gramercy Property Trust Inc. (“the Company”) as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders' equity (deficit) and noncontrolling interests and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014. Our audits also included the financial statement schedules listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2). These financial statements and schedules are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedules based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Gramercy Property Trust Inc. at December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedules, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Gramercy Property Trust Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated March 9, 2015 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
New York, New York
March 9, 2015
77 |
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Stockholders of Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
We have audited Gramercy Property Trust Inc.’s (the “Company”) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework), (the COSO criteria). Gramercy Property Trust Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, Gramercy Property Trust Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Gramercy Property Trust Inc. as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity (deficit) and noncontrolling interests, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014 of Gramercy Property Trust Inc. and our report dated March 9, 2015 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
New York, New York
March 9, 2015
78 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2014 | 2013 | |||||||
Assets: | ||||||||
Real estate investments, at cost: | ||||||||
Land | $ | 239,503 | $ | 73,131 | ||||
Building and improvements | 828,117 | 264,581 | ||||||
Less: accumulated depreciation | (27,598 | ) | (4,247 | ) | ||||
Total real estate investments, net | 1,040,022 | 333,465 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 200,069 | 43,333 | ||||||
Restricted cash | 1,244 | 179 | ||||||
Joint ventures and equity investments | - | 39,385 | ||||||
Servicing advances receivable | 1,485 | 8,758 | ||||||
Retained CDO bonds | 4,293 | 6,762 | ||||||
Tenant and other receivables, net | 15,398 | 5,976 | ||||||
Acquired lease assets, net of accumulated amortization of $15,168 and $1,596 | 200,231 | 40,960 | ||||||
Deferred costs, net of accumulated amortization of $1,908 and $634 | 10,355 | 5,815 | ||||||
Goodwill | 3,840 | - | ||||||
Other assets | 23,063 | 7,030 | ||||||
Total assets | $ | 1,500,000 | $ | 491,663 | ||||
Liabilities and Equity: | ||||||||
Liabilities: | ||||||||
Secured revolving credit facility | $ | - | $ | 45,000 | ||||
Exchangeable senior notes, net | 107,836 | - | ||||||
Senior unsecured term loan | 200,000 | - | ||||||
Mortgage notes payable | 161,642 | 122,180 | ||||||
Total long term debt | 469,478 | 167,180 | ||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 18,806 | 11,517 | ||||||
Dividends payable | 9,579 | 37,600 | ||||||
Accrued interest payable | 2,357 | 81 | ||||||
Deferred revenue | 11,592 | 1,581 | ||||||
Below-market lease liabilities, net of accumulated amortization of $3,961 and $300 | 53,826 | 6,077 | ||||||
Derivative instruments, at fair value | 3,189 | 302 | ||||||
Other liabilities | 8,263 | 852 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 577,090 | 225,190 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies | - | - | ||||||
Noncontrolling interest in operating partnership | 16,129 | - | ||||||
Equity: | ||||||||
Common stock, par value $0.001, 220,000,000 and 100,000,000 shares authorized, and 186,945,569 and 71,313,043 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. | 187 | 71 | ||||||
Series A cumulative redeemable preferred stock, par value $0.001, liquidation preference $88,146, 3,525,822 shares authorized, issued and outstanding at December 31, 2013. | - | 85,235 | ||||||
Series B cumulative redeemable preferred stock, par value $0.001, liquidation preference $87,500, 3,500,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding at December 31, 2014. | 84,394 | - | ||||||
Additional paid-in-capital | 1,768,837 | 1,149,896 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (3,703 | ) | (1,405 | ) | ||||
Accumulated deficit | (942,934 | ) | (967,324 | ) | ||||
Total equity | 906,781 | 266,473 | ||||||
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 1,500,000 | $ | 491,663 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
79 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
Revenues | ||||||||||||
Rental revenue | $ | 60,258 | $ | 12,181 | $ | 267 | ||||||
Management fees | 25,033 | 40,896 | 34,667 | |||||||||
Operating expense reimbursements | 20,604 | 1,203 | 174 | |||||||||
Investment income | 1,824 | 1,717 | 600 | |||||||||
Other income | 221 | 707 | 1,113 | |||||||||
Total revenues | 107,940 | 56,704 | 36,821 | |||||||||
Expenses | ||||||||||||
Property operating expenses: | ||||||||||||
Property management expenses | 17,500 | 20,868 | 21,380 | |||||||||
Property operating expenses | 21,120 | 1,411 | 1,846 | |||||||||
Total property operating expenses | 38,620 | 22,279 | 23,226 | |||||||||
Other-than-temporary impairment | 4,064 | 3,339 | - | |||||||||
Portion of impairment recognized in other comprehensive loss | 752 | (1,337 | ) | - | ||||||||
Net impairment recognized in earnings | 4,816 | 2,002 | - | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 36,408 | 5,675 | 256 | |||||||||
Interest expense | 16,586 | 1,732 | - | |||||||||
Loss on derivative instruments | 3,300 | 115 | - | |||||||||
Management, general and administrative | 18,416 | 18,210 | 25,335 | |||||||||
Acquisition expenses | 6,171 | 2,808 | 111 | |||||||||
Total expenses | 124,317 | 52,821 | 48,928 | |||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations before equity in income (loss) from joint ventures and equity investments, gain on remeasurement of previously held joint venture, loss on extinguishment of debt, and provision for taxes | (16,377 | ) | 3,883 | (12,107 | ) | |||||||
Equity in net income (loss) of joint ventures and equity investments | 1,959 | (5,662 | ) | (2,904 | ) | |||||||
Loss from continuing operations before gain on remeasurement of previously held joint venture, loss on extinguishment of debt, provision for taxes, and discontinued operations | (14,418 | ) | (1,779 | ) | (15,011 | ) | ||||||
Gain on remeasurement of previously held joint venture | 72,345 | - | - | |||||||||
Loss on extinguishment of debt | (1,925 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Provision for taxes | (809 | ) | (6,393 | ) | (3,330 | ) | ||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations | 55,193 | (8,172 | ) | (18,341 | ) | |||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | (524 | ) | 5,057 | (169,174 | ) | |||||||
Gain on sale of joint venture interest to a director related entity | - | 1,317 | - | |||||||||
Gains from disposals | - | 389,140 | 15,967 | |||||||||
Provision for taxes | - | (2,515 | ) | - | ||||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | (524 | ) | 392,999 | (153,207 | ) | |||||||
Net income (loss) | 54,669 | 384,827 | (171,548 | ) | ||||||||
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | 236 | - | - | |||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to Gramercy Property Trust Inc. | 54,905 | 384,827 | (171,548 | ) | ||||||||
Preferred stock redemption costs | (2,912 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Preferred stock dividends | (7,349 | ) | (7,162 | ) | (7,162 | ) | ||||||
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders | $ | 44,644 | $ | 377,665 | $ | (178,710 | ) | |||||
Basic earnings per share: | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations, after preferred dividends | $ | 0.43 | $ | (0.25 | ) | $ | (0.49 | ) | ||||
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | - | 6.39 | (2.95 | ) | ||||||||
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders | $ | 0.43 | $ | 6.14 | $ | (3.44 | ) | |||||
Diluted earnings per share: | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations, after preferred dividends | $ | 0.41 | $ | (0.25 | ) | $ | (0.49 | ) | ||||
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | - | 6.39 | (2.95 | ) | ||||||||
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders | $ | 0.41 | $ | 6.14 | $ | (3.44 | ) | |||||
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding | 104,811,814 | 61,500,847 | 51,976,462 | |||||||||
Diluted weighted average common shares and common share equivalents outstanding | 107,750,340 | 61,500,847 | 51,976,462 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
80 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 54,669 | $ | 384,827 | $ | (171,548 | ) | |||||
Other comprehensive income (loss): | ||||||||||||
Unrealized gain on debt securities and derivative instruments: | ||||||||||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on available for sale debt securities | 752 | (3,221 | ) | 174,331 | ||||||||
Reclassification adjustment for other-than-temporary impairment in net income | - | 2,002 | 169,197 | |||||||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments | (3,002 | ) | (187 | ) | 2,146 | |||||||
Reclassification of unrealized holding losses on debt securities and derivative instruments into discontinued operations | - | 95,265 | - | |||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments | (48 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | (2,298 | ) | 93,859 | 345,674 | ||||||||
Comprehensive income | 52,371 | 478,686 | 174,126 | |||||||||
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | 236 | - | - | |||||||||
Other comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | 41 | - | - | |||||||||
Comprehensive income attributable to Gramercy Property Trust Inc. | $ | 52,648 | $ | 478,686 | $ | 174,126 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
81 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) and Noncontrolling Interests
(Amounts in thousands, except share data)
Accumulated | Retained | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock, | Common Stock, | Series A | Additional | Other | Earnings / | Gramercy | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock | Class B-1 | Class B-2 | Preferred | Paid-In- | Comprehensive | (Accumulated | Property | Noncontrolling | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Par Value | Shares | Par Value | Shares | Par Value | Stock | Capital | Income (Loss) | Deficit) | Trust Inc. | interest | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2011 | 51,086,266 | $ | 50 | - | $ | - | - | $ | - | $ | 85,235 | $ | 1,080,600 | $ | (440,939 | ) | $ | (1,166,279 | ) | $ | (441,333 | ) | $ | 903 | $ | (440,430 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (171,548 | ) | (171,548 | ) | - | (171,548 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in net unrealized loss on derivative instruments | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2,146 | - | 2,146 | - | 2,146 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in net unrealized loss on securities available for sale | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 343,528 | - | 343,528 | - | 343,528 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of stock | 3,000,000 | 3 | 2,000,000 | 2 | 2,000,000 | 2 | - | 19,013 | - | - | 19,020 | - | 19,020 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of stock - stock purchase plan | 36,324 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | 185 | - | - | 186 | - | 186 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock based compensation - fair value | 2,608,412 | 3 | - | - | - | - | - | 2,429 | - | - | 2,432 | - | 2,432 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends on preferred stock | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (7,162 | ) | (7,162 | ) | - | (7,162 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2012 | 56,731,002 | $ | 57 | 2,000,000 | $ | 2 | 2,000,000 | $ | 2 | $ | 85,235 | $ | 1,102,227 | $ | (95,265 | ) | $ | (1,344,989 | ) | $ | (252,731 | ) | $ | 903 | $ | (251,828 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 384,827 | 384,827 | - | 384,827 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in net unrealized loss on derivative instruments | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 9,914 | - | 9,914 | - | 9,914 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in net unrealized gain on debt securities | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (1,219 | ) | - | (1,219 | ) | - | (1,219 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in net unrealized loss on securities available for sale | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23,083 | - | 23,083 | - | 23,083 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gramercy Finance disposal | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 62,082 | - | 62,082 | (42 | ) | 62,040 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Conversion of Class B-1 & Class B-2 shares into common stock | 4,000,000 | 4 | (2,000,000 | ) | (2 | ) | (2,000,000 | ) | (2 | ) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of stock | 11,535,200 | 12 | - | - | - | - | - | 45,520 | - | - | 45,532 | - | 45,532 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of stock - stock purchase plan | 9,002 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 13 | - | - | 13 | - | 13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock based compensation - fair value (1) | (962,161 | ) | (2 | ) | - | - | - | - | - | 2,136 | - | - | 2,134 | - | 2,134 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Liquidation of noncontrolling interest | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (861 | ) | (861 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends on preferred stock | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (7,162 | ) | (7,162 | ) | - | (7,162 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2013 | 71,313,043 | $ | 71 | - | $ | - | - | $ | - | $ | 85,235 | $ | 1,149,896 | $ | (1,405 | ) | $ | (967,324 | ) | $ | 266,473 | $ | - | $ | 266,473 |
(1) | In the first quarter of 2013, the Company excluded unvested restricted share units from the outstanding share count. |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
82 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) and Noncontrolling Interests – (Continued)
(Amounts in thousands, except share data)
Accumulated | Retained | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Series A | Series B | Additional | Other | Earnings / | Gramercy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock | Preferred | Preferred | Paid-In- | Comprehensive | (Accumulated | Property | Noncontrolling | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Par Value | Stock | Stock | Capital | Income (Loss) | Deficit) | Trust Inc. | interest | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2013 | 71,313,043 | $ | 71 | $ | 85,235 | $ | - | $ | 1,149,896 | $ | (1,405 | ) | $ | (967,324 | ) | $ | 266,473 | $ | - | $ | 266,473 | |||||||||||||||||||
Net income | - | - | - | - | - | - | 54,905 | 54,905 | - | 54,905 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in net unrealized loss on derivative instruments | - | - | - | - | - | (3,002 | ) | - | (3,002 | ) | - | (3,002 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reclassification of fair value of embedded exchange option on 3.75% exchangeable senior notes | - | - | - | - | 11,726 | - | - | 11,726 | - | 11,726 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in net unrealized gain on debt securities | - | - | - | - | - | 752 | - | 752 | - | 752 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Offering costs | - | - | - | (3,106 | ) | (29,207 | ) | - | - | (32,313 | ) | - | (32,313 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock redemption costs | - | - | (3 | ) | - | - | - | - | (3 | ) | - | (3 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Redemption of Series A cumulative redeemable preferred stock | - | - | (85,232 | ) | - | - | - | (2,912 | ) | (88,144 | ) | - | (88,144 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of stock | 114,155,408 | 115 | - | 87,500 | 627,719 | - | - | 715,334 | - | 715,334 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of stock - stock purchase plan | 6,264 | - | - | - | 27 | - | - | 27 | - | 27 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock based compensation - fair value | - | - | - | - | 2,483 | - | - | 2,483 | - | 2,483 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from stock options exercised | 30,000 | - | - | - | 91 | - | - | 91 | - | 91 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Conversion of OP Units to common stock | 1,440,854 | 1 | - | - | 8,738 | - | - | 8,739 | - | 8,739 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reallocation of noncontrolling interest in the operating partnership | - | - | - | - | (2,636 | ) | - | - | (2,636 | ) | - | (2,636 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends on preferred stock - Series A | - | - | - | - | - | - | (4,993 | ) | (4,993 | ) | - | (4,993 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends on preferred stock - Series B | - | - | - | - | - | - | (2,356 | ) | (2,356 | ) | - | (2,356 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends on common stock | - | - | - | - | - | - | (20,254 | ) | (20,254 | ) | - | (20,254 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments | - | - | - | - | - | (48 | ) | - | (48 | ) | - | (48 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2014 | 186,945,569 | $ | 187 | $ | - | $ | 84,394 | $ | 1,768,837 | $ | (3,703 | ) | $ | (942,934 | ) | $ | 906,781 | $ | - | $ | 906,781 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
83 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Amounts in thousands)
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
Operating Activities: | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 54,669 | $ | 384,827 | $ | (171,548 | ) | |||||
Adjustments to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 36,408 | 6,383 | 1,195 | |||||||||
Amortization of acquired leases to rental revenue and expense | (2,352 | ) | (65 | ) | (188 | ) | ||||||
Amortization of deferred costs | 1,991 | 175 | 3,719 | |||||||||
Amortization of discounts and other fees | (959 | ) | (10,577 | ) | (25,704 | ) | ||||||
Payment for lease inducement costs | - | (2,630 | ) | - | ||||||||
Payment of capitalized tenant leasing costs | (77 | ) | - | (61 | ) | |||||||
Amortization of lease inducement costs | 175 | - | - | |||||||||
Straight-line rent adjustment | (3,995 | ) | (2,225 | ) | (188 | ) | ||||||
Non-cash impairment charges | 4,816 | 9,643 | 206,122 | |||||||||
Gain on liquidation of non-controlling interest | - | (611 | ) | - | ||||||||
Net gain on sale of properties and lease terminations | - | - | (15,915 | ) | ||||||||
Net realized gain on loans | - | - | 108 | |||||||||
Net realized gain on disposal of Gramercy Finance | - | (389,140 | ) | - | ||||||||
Net realized gain on sale of joint venture to director related entity | - | (1,317 | ) | - | ||||||||
Loss on derivative instruments | 3,300 | 115 | - | |||||||||
Distributions received from joint ventures and equity investments | 3,373 | 7,985 | - | |||||||||
Equity in net (income) loss of joint ventures and equity investments | (1,959 | ) | 6,466 | 8,515 | ||||||||
Gain from remeasurement of previously held joint ventures | (72,345 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Loss on extinguishment of debt | 1,925 | - | - | |||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 2,483 | 2,149 | 2,433 | |||||||||
Provision for loan losses | - | - | (7,181 | ) | ||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||
Restricted cash | (272 | ) | (1,108 | ) | 412 | |||||||
Tenant and other receivables | 4,983 | 588 | (2,803 | ) | ||||||||
Accrued interest | (155 | ) | 5,780 | 12,393 | ||||||||
Other assets | (11,229 | ) | 13,710 | (11,285 | ) | |||||||
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities | 7,029 | (2,362 | ) | 777 | ||||||||
Deferred revenue | 4,978 | 1,617 | (518 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 32,787 | 29,403 | 283 | |||||||||
Investing Activities: | ||||||||||||
Capital expenditures | (16,496 | ) | (8,345 | ) | (2,649 | ) | ||||||
Distributions received from joint ventures and equity investments | 3,841 | 21,642 | 411 | |||||||||
Proceeds from disposal of Gramercy Finance | - | 6,291 | - | |||||||||
Proceeds from sale of joint venture to director related entity | - | 8,275 | - | |||||||||
Proceeds from sale of real estate | - | - | 77,257 | |||||||||
New loan investment originations and funded commitments | - | - | (19,295 | ) | ||||||||
Principal collections on investments | - | 34,990 | 254,789 | |||||||||
Joint ventures and equity investments | - | (1,750 | ) | (58,911 | ) | |||||||
Acquisition of real estate, net of cash acquired of $4,108, $0, and $0 | (461,963 | ) | (283,148 | ) | (27,125 | ) | ||||||
Acquisition of Gramercy Europe Asset Management, net of cash acquired of $97 , $0, and $0 | (3,658 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Restricted cash for tenant improvements | (326 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Proceeds from repayments of servicing advances receivable | 7,428 | 5,953 | - | |||||||||
Proceeds from loan syndications | - | - | 15,300 | |||||||||
Investment in commercial mortgage-backed securities | - | - | (535 | ) | ||||||||
Change in restricted cash from investing activities | - | - | 7,887 | |||||||||
Deferred investment costs | - | - | 1,159 | |||||||||
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities | (471,174 | ) | (216,092 | ) | 248,288 | |||||||
Financing Activities: | ||||||||||||
Repayment of collateralized debt obligations | - | (85,912 | ) | (282,548 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds from sale of common stock | 627,183 | 45,532 | 2,555 | |||||||||
Proceeds from unsecured term loan | 200,000 | - | - | |||||||||
Proceeds from unsecured credit facility | 75,000 | - | - | |||||||||
Proceeds from secured credit facility | 23,000 | 45,000 | - | |||||||||
Repayment of unsecured credit facility | (75,000 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Repayment of secured credit facility | (68,000 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of exchangeable senior notes | 115,000 | - | - | |||||||||
Proceeds from mortgage notes payables | - | 67,255 | - | |||||||||
Offering costs | (28,381 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Payment of deferred financing costs | (8,457 | ) | (3,546 | ) | - | |||||||
Repayment of mortgage notes payable | (205,392 | ) | (771 | ) | - | |||||||
Proceeds from issuance of Series B shares | 87,500 | - | - | |||||||||
Issuance costs for Series B shares | (3,004 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Redemption of Series A shares | (89,279 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Preferred stock dividends paid | (43,814 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Common stock dividends paid | (10,792 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Proceeds from sale of repurchased bonds | - | 34,364 | - | |||||||||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and employee purchase under the employee share purchase plan | 118 | - | - | |||||||||
Distribution to noncontrolling interest holders | (86 | ) | (250 | ) | - | |||||||
Change in restricted cash from financing activities | (425 | ) | 22,948 | (26,901 | ) | |||||||
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities | 595,171 | 124,620 | (306,894 | ) | ||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 156,784 | (62,069 | ) | (58,323 | ) | |||||||
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents related to foreign currency translation | (48 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 43,333 | 105,402 | 163,725 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 200,069 | $ | 43,333 | $ | 105,402 |
84 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Amounts in thousands)
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
Non-cash activity: | ||||||||||||
Land acquired for consideration of a note payable | $ | - | $ | 4,839 | $ | - | ||||||
Consolidation of real estate investments - joint venture and equity investment interests | $ | 106,294 | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||
Real estate acquired for units of noncontrolling interests in the operating partnership | $ | 22,670 | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||
Fair value adjustment to noncontrolling interest in the operating partnership | $ | 2,636 | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||
Debt assumed in acquisition of real estate | $ | 45,607 | $ | 53,889 | $ | - | ||||||
Common stock issued for acquisition of Gramercy Europe Asset Management | $ | 652 | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||
Supplemental cash flow disclosures: | ||||||||||||
Interest paid | $ | 12,096 | $ | 17,902 | $ | 67,110 | ||||||
Income taxes paid | $ | 1,565 | $ | 9,237 | $ | 5,624 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
85 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
1. Business and Organization
Gramercy Property Trust Inc., or the Company, is a leading global investor and asset manager of commercial real estate. Gramercy specializes in acquiring and managing single-tenant, net leased industrial and office properties. The Company focuses on income producing properties leased to high quality tenants in major markets in the United States and Europe. Gramercy is organized as a Real Estate Investment Trust, or REIT.
Gramercy earns revenues primarily through three sources. The Company earns rental revenues on properties that it owns directly or in joint ventures in the United States, asset management revenues on properties owned by third parties in both the United States and Europe and pro-rata rental revenues on its investment in the Gramercy European Property Fund.
As of December 31, 2014, the Company owns, either directly or in a joint venture or equity investment, a portfolio of 132 industrial and office properties with 99% occupancy. Tenants include Bank of America, N.A., Adesa Texas, Inc., AMCOR Rigid Plastics USA, Inc., EF Transit, Inc., Office Depot, Inc. and others. As of that date, the Company’s asset management business, which operates under the name Gramercy Asset Management, manages for third-parties approximately $1,100,000 of commercial real estate assets.
During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company acquired 100 properties aggregating 8,999,805 square feet in 28 separate transactions for a total purchase price of approximately $834,269, including the acquisition of the remaining 50% equity interest in the Bank of America Portfolio joint venture, a portfolio of 67 properties across the United States as described further in Note 4 and Note 5.
In December 2014, the Company, along with several investment partners, formed a private real estate investment fund to target single-tenant industrial, office and specialty retail assets throughout Europe, or the Gramercy European Property Fund. The equity investors, including the Company, have collectively committed $426,455 (€352,500) in equity capital, comprised of an initial commitment of $305,475 (€252,500), including $60,490 (€50,000) from the Company and $244,985 (€202,500) from its equity investment partners, plus an additional $120,980 (€100,000) from certain equity investment partners, not including the Company, after the first $305,475 (€252,500) has been invested.
Concurrently with the formation of the Gramercy European Property Fund, the Company also acquired ThreadGreen Europe Limited, a United Kingdom based property investment and asset management platform, which the Company subsequently renamed Gramercy Europe Asset Management, for $3,755 and the issuance of 96,535 shares of the Company’s common stock, valued at $652 as of the date of closing.
The Company has elected to be taxed as REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Internal Revenue Code, and generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes to the extent it distributes its taxable income, if any, to its stockholders. The Company has in the past established, and may in the future establish taxable REIT subsidiaries, or TRSs, to effect various taxable transactions. Those TRSs would incur U.S. federal, state and local taxes on the taxable income from their activities.
Substantially all of the Company’s assets are held by, and its operations are conducted through its operating partnership, GPT Property Trust LP, or the Operating Partnership. The Company is the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership. The Company’s Operating Partnership conducts its commercial real estate investment business through various wholly-owned entities and its third-party asset management business primarily through a wholly-owned TRS. As of December 31, 2014, noncontrolling investors held, in the aggregate, a 1.23% limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership. These interests are referred to as the noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership. See Note 14, "Noncontrolling Interest," for more information on the Company’s noncontrolling interests.
86 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
On March 15, 2013, the Company disposed of its Gramercy Finance segment and exited the commercial real estate finance business. The disposal was completed pursuant a purchase and sale agreement to transfer the collateral management and subspecial servicing agreements for the Company’s three Collateralized Debt Obligations, CDO 2005-1, CDO 2006-1 and CDO 2007-1, or the CDOs, to CWCapital Investments LLC or CWCapital for $6,291, in cash after expenses. The Company retained its non-investment grade subordinate bonds, preferred shares and ordinary shares, or the Retained CDO Bonds, which may provide the Company with the potential to recoup additional proceeds over the remaining life of the CDOs based upon resolution of underlying assets within the CDOs. However, there is no guarantee that the Company will realize any proceeds from the Retained CDO Bonds, or what the timing of these proceeds may be. In addition, the Company expects to receive additional cash proceeds for past CDO servicing advances including accrued interest at the prime rate of 3.25%, when specific assets within the CDOs are liquidated. On March 15, 2013, the Company deconsolidated the assets and liabilities of Gramercy Finance from the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and recognized a gain on the disposal of $389,140 within discontinued operations. For a further discussion regarding the disposal of the Gramercy Finance segment see Note 3, “Dispositions and Assets Held for Sale.”
2. Significant Accounting Policies
Reclassification
Certain prior year balances have been reclassified to conform with the current year presentation for assets classified as discontinued operations. Certain reclassifications were made to the Consolidated Balance Sheets, Consolidated Statements of Operations, Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) and footnote disclosures for all periods presented to reflect held for sale and discontinued operations as of December 31, 2014.
Principles of Consolidation
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the Company’s accounts and those of the Company’s subsidiaries which are wholly-owned or controlled by the Company, or entities which are variable interest entities, or VIEs, in which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary is the party that absorbs a majority of the VIE’s anticipated losses and/or a majority of the expected returns. The Company has evaluated its investments for potential classification as variable interests by evaluating the sufficiency of each entity’s equity investment at risk to absorb losses.
Entities which the Company does not control and are considered VIEs, but where the Company is not the primary beneficiary, are accounted for under the equity method. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. The equity interests of other limited partners in the Operating Partnership are reflected as noncontrolling interest.
Real Estate Investments
The Company records acquired real estate investments as business combinations when the real estate is occupied, at least in part, at acquisition. Costs directly related to the acquisition of such investments are expensed as incurred. The Company allocates the purchase price of real estate to land, building, improvements and intangibles, such as the value of above- and below-market leases, and origination costs associated with the in-place leases at the acquisition date. The values of the above- and below-market leases are amortized and recorded as either an increase, in the case of below-market leases, or a decrease, in the case of above-market leases, to rental revenue over the remaining term of the associated lease. The values associated with in-place leases are amortized to depreciation and amortization expense over the remaining term of the associated lease.
The Company assesses the fair value of the leases at acquisition based upon estimated cash flow projections that utilize appropriate discount and available market information. Estimates of future cash flows are based on a number of factors including the historical operating results, known trends, and market/economic conditions that may affect the property. To the extent acquired leases contain fixed rate renewal options that are below-market and determined to be material, the Company amortizes such below-market lease value into rental revenue over the renewal period. Additionally, for transactions that are business combinations, the Company evaluates the existence of goodwill or a gain from a bargain purchase at the time of acquisition.
87 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Acquired real estate investments involving sale-leasebacks that have newly-originated leases are recorded as asset acquisitions and accordingly, transaction costs incurred in connection with the acquisition are capitalized. Acquired real estate investments which are under construction are considered build-to-suit transactions and other acquired real estate investments that do not meet the definition of a business combination are recorded at cost. In build-to-suit transactions, the Company engages a developer to construct a property or provide funds to a tenant to develop a property. The Company capitalizes the funds provided to the developer/tenant and real estate taxes, if applicable, during the construction period.
Certain improvements are capitalized when they are determined to increase the useful life of the building. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful life at acquisition of the capitalized item or 40 years for buildings, five to ten years for building equipment and fixtures, and the lesser of the useful life or the remaining lease term for tenant improvements and leasehold interests. Maintenance and repair expenditures are charged to expense as incurred.
In leasing space, the Company may provide funding to the lessee through a tenant allowance. In accounting for tenant allowances, the Company determines whether the allowance represents funding for the construction of leasehold improvements and evaluates the ownership of such improvements. If the Company is considered the owner of the leasehold improvements, the Company capitalizes the amount of the tenant allowance and depreciates it over the shorter of the useful life of the leasehold improvements or the lease term. If the tenant allowance represents a payment for a purpose other than funding leasehold improvements, or in the event the Company is not considered the owner of the improvements for accounting purposes, the allowance is considered to be a lease incentive and is recognized over the lease term as a reduction of rental revenue. Factors considered during this evaluation usually include (i) who holds legal title to the improvements, (ii) evidentiary requirements concerning the spending of the tenant allowance, and (iii) other controlling rights provided by the lease agreement (e.g. unilateral control of the tenant space during the build-out process). Determination of the accounting for a tenant allowance is made on a case-by-case basis, considering the facts and circumstances of the individual tenant lease.
The Company also reviews the recoverability of the property’s carrying value when circumstances indicate a possible impairment of the value of a property. The review of recoverability is based on an estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows, excluding interest charges, expected to result from the property’s use and eventual disposition. These estimates consider factors such as changes in strategy resulting in an increased or decreased holding period, expected future operating income, market and other applicable trends and residual value, as well as the effects of leasing demand, competition and other factors. If management determines impairment exists due to the inability to recover the carrying value of a property, an impairment loss is recorded to the extent that the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value of the property for properties to be held and used and for assets held for sale, an impairment loss is recorded to the extent that the carrying value exceeds the fair value less estimated cost of disposal. These assessments are recorded as an impairment loss in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period the determination is made. The estimated fair value of the asset becomes its new cost basis. For a depreciable long-lived asset to be held and used, the new cost basis will be depreciated or amortized over the remaining useful life of that asset.
Joint Ventures and Equity Investments
The Company accounts for joint ventures and equity investments under the equity method of accounting since it exercises significant influence, but does not unilaterally control the entities, and is not considered to be the primary beneficiary. In joint ventures and equity investments, the rights of the other investors are protective and participating. Unless the Company is determined to be the primary beneficiary, these rights preclude it from consolidating the investments. The investments are recorded initially at cost as joint venture and equity investments, as applicable, and subsequently are adjusted for equity interest in net income (loss) and cash contributions and distributions. The amount of the investments on the Consolidated Balance Sheets is evaluated for impairment at each reporting period. None of the joint venture or equity investment debt is recourse to the Company. Carrying values of the Company’s joint venture and equity investments are $0 and $39,385 at December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.
88 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.
Restricted Cash
The Company has restricted cash of $1,244 and $179 at December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, which primarily consists of reserves for certain capital improvements, leasing, interest and real estate tax and insurance payments as required by certain mortgage loan obligations.
Variable Interest Entities
The Company has one consolidated VIE as of December 31, 2014 and no consolidated VIEs as of December 31, 2013. The Company has four unconsolidated VIEs as of December 31, 2014 and three unconsolidated VIEs as of December 31, 2013. The following is a summary of the Company’s involvement with consolidated VIEs and unconsolidated VIEs as of December 31, 2014:
Company | Company | Face value of | Face value of | |||||||||||||
carrying | carrying | of assets held | of liabilities issued | |||||||||||||
value-assets | value-liabilities | by the VIEs | by the VIEs | |||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||
Consolidated VIEs | ||||||||||||||||
Gramercy Europe Asset Management (European Fund Manager) | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||
Unconsolidated VIEs | ||||||||||||||||
Gramercy Europe Asset Management (European Fund Carry Co.) | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||
Retained CDO Bonds | $ | 4,293 | $ | - | $ | 1,691,854 | $ | 1,547,693 |
The following is a summary of the Company’s involvement with VIEs as of December 31, 2013:
Company | Company | Face value of | Face value of | |||||||||||||
carrying | carrying | of assets held | of liabilities issued | |||||||||||||
value-assets | value-liabilities | by the VIEs | by the VIEs | |||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||
Unconsolidated VIEs | ||||||||||||||||
Retained CDO Bonds | $ | 6,762 | $ | - | $ | 2,156,218 | $ | 1,948,901 |
Consolidated VIEs
Gramercy Europe Asset Management (European Fund Manager)
In connection with the Company’s December 2014 investment in the Gramercy European Property Fund, the Company acquired equity interests in the entity, hereinafter European Fund Manager, which provides investment and asset management services to Gramercy European Property Fund. The Company has determined that European Fund Manager is a VIE, as the equity holders of that entity do not have controlling financial interests and the obligation to absorb losses. As Gramercy Europe Asset Management, through an investment advisory agreement with the VIE, controls the activities that most significantly affect the economic outcome of European Fund Manager, the Company has concluded that it is that entity’s primary beneficiary and has consolidated the VIE.
89 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
As of December 31, 2014, European Fund Manager has no assets or liabilities. European Fund Manager is expected to generate net cash inflows for the Company in the form of management fees in the future, however, if the VIE’s cash inflows are not sufficient to cover its obligations, the Company may provide financial support for the VIE.
Collateralized Debt Obligations
On March 15, 2013, as a result of the disposal of the Gramercy Finance segment as more fully described in Note 1, the Company deconsolidated three VIEs, which represented the three CDOs that the Company previously managed as part of its Finance business. The Company was the collateral manager of the three CDOs and in its capacity as collateral manager the Company made decisions related to the collateral that most significantly impacted the economic outcome of the CDOs, which was the basis upon which the Company concluded that it was the primary beneficiary of the CDOs as of December 31, 2012. In connection with the disposal of Gramercy Finance, the Company transferred the collateral management and sub-special servicing agreements for its three CDOs to CWCapital, thereby removing the Company as the collateral manager and its ability to make any and all decisions related to the collateral, including those that would most significantly impact the economic outcome of the CDOs. As of March 15, 2013, the Company had no continuing involvement with the collateral to the CDOs, and as a result, the Company determined that it was no longer the primary beneficiary of the CDOs, and therefore deconsolidated the CDOs.
The Company has retained its subordinate debt and equity ownership, or the Retained CDO Bonds, in the CDOs, which were previously eliminated in consolidation and were not sold as part of the disposal of Gramercy Finance. The Retained CDO Bonds may provide the potential for the Company to receive continuing cash flows in the future, however, there is no guarantee that the Company will realize any proceeds from the Retained CDO Bonds, or what the timing of these proceeds might be. These interests have been recognized at fair value as the Retained CDO Bonds on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. For further discussion of the measurement of fair value of the Retained CDO Bonds see Note 10.
Unconsolidated VIEs
Gramercy Europe Asset Management (European Fund Carry Co.)
In connection with the Company’s December 2014 investment in the Gramercy European Property Fund, the Company acquired equity interests in the entity, hereinafter European Fund Carry Co., entitled to receive certain preferential distributions, if any, made from time-to-time by Gramercy European Property Fund. The Company has determined that European Fund Carry Co. is a VIE, as the equity holders of that entity do not have controlling financial interests and the obligation to absorb losses. Decisions that most significantly affect the economic performance of European Fund Carry Co. are decided by a majority vote of that VIE’s shareholders. As such, the Company does not have a controlling financial interest in the VIE and has accounted for it as an equity investment.
As of December 31, 2014, European Fund Carry Co. has no assets or liabilities.
Investment in Retained CDO Bonds
As further discussed above, on March 15, 2013, the Company recognized an asset in Retained CDO Bonds in connection with the disposal of the Gramercy Finance segment. The Company is not obligated to provide any financial support to these CDOs. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss is limited to its interest in the Retained CDO Bonds and the Company does not control the activities that most significantly impact the VIEs’ economic performance.
Assets Held for Sale
As of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company had no assets classified as held for sale.
Real estate investments to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or estimated fair value, less costs to sell. The Company recorded impairment charges of $0, $0, and $35,043 during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, related to real estate investments within discontinued operations.
90 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Tenant and Other Receivables
Tenant and other receivables are derived from management fees, rental revenue and tenant reimbursements.
Management fees, including incentive management fees, are recognized as earned in accordance with the terms of the management agreements. The management agreements may contain provisions for fees related to dispositions, administration of the assets including fees related to accounting, valuation and legal services, and management of capital improvements or projects on the underlying assets.
Rental revenue is recorded on a straight-line basis over the initial term of the lease. Since many leases provide for rental increases at specified intervals, straight-line basis accounting requires the Company to record a receivable, and include in revenues, unbilled rent receivables that will only be received if the tenant makes all rent payments required through the expiration of the initial term of the lease. Tenant and other receivables also include receivables related to tenant reimbursements for common area maintenance expenses and certain other recoverable expenses that are recognized as revenue in the period in which the related expenses are incurred.
Tenant and other receivables are recorded net of the allowances for doubtful accounts, which as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 were $188 and $449, respectively. The Company continually reviews receivables related to rent, tenant reimbursements, and management fees, including incentive fees, and determines collectability by taking into consideration the tenant or asset management clients’ payment history, the financial condition of the tenant or asset management client, business conditions in the industry in which the tenant or asset management client operates and economic conditions in the area in which the property or asset management client is located. In the event that the collectability of a receivable is in doubt, the Company increases the allowance for doubtful accounts or records a direct write-off of the receivable.
Intangible Assets and Liabilities
The Company follows the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations. The Company allocates the purchase price of acquired properties to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired based on their respective fair values. Tangible assets include land, buildings and improvements on an as-if vacant basis. The Company utilizes various estimates, processes and information to determine the as-if vacant property value. Estimates of value are made using customary methods, including data from appraisals, comparable sales, discounted cash flow analyses and other methods. Identifiable intangible assets include amounts allocated to acquired leases for above- and below-market lease rates and the value of in-place leases. Management also considers information obtained about each property as a result of its pre-acquisition due diligence in estimating the fair value of the tangible and intangible assets and liabilities acquired.
Above-market and below-market lease values for properties acquired are recorded based on the present value of the difference between the contractual amount to be paid pursuant to each in-place lease and management’s estimate of the fair market lease rate for each such in-place lease, measured over a period equal to the remaining non-cancelable term of the lease. The present value calculation utilizes a discount rate that reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired. The above-market lease values are amortized as a reduction of rental revenue over the remaining non-cancelable terms of the respective leases. The below-market lease values are amortized as an increase to rental revenue over the initial term of the respective leases. If a tenant terminates its lease prior to its contractual expiration and no future rental payments will be received, any unamortized balance of the market lease intangibles will be written off to rental revenue.
The aggregate value of intangible assets related to in-place leases is primarily the difference between the property valued with existing in-place leases adjusted to market rental rates and the property valued as-if vacant. Factors considered by management in its analysis of the in-place lease intangibles include an estimate of carrying costs during the expected lease-up period for each property taking into account current market conditions and costs to execute similar leases. In estimating carrying costs, management includes real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses and estimates of lost rentals at market rates during the anticipated lease-up period. Management also estimates costs to execute similar leases including leasing commissions and other related expenses. The value of in-place leases is amortized to depreciation and amortization expense over the remaining non-cancelable term of the respective leases. In no event does the amortization period for intangible assets exceed the remaining depreciable life of the building. If a tenant terminates its lease prior to its contractual expiration and no future rental payments will be received, any unamortized balance of the in-place lease intangible would be written off to depreciation and amortization expense.
Above-market and below-market ground rent intangibles are recorded for properties acquired in which the Company is the lessee pursuant to a ground lease assumed at acquisition. The above-market and below-market ground rent intangibles are recorded based on the present value of the difference between the contractual amount to be paid pursuant to each in-place ground lease and management’s estimate of the fair market lease rate for each such in-place ground lease, measured over a period equal to the remaining non-cancelable term of the lease. The present value calculation utilizes a discount rate that reflects the risks associated with the ground leases assumed. The above-market ground lease values are amortized as a reduction of rent expense over the remaining non-cancelable terms of the respective leases. The below-market ground lease values are amortized as an increase to rent expense over the initial term of the respective leases. If the Company terminates its lease prior to its contractual expiration and no future rent payments will be paid, any unamortized balance of the market lease intangibles will be written off to rent expense.
91 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Intangible assets and acquired lease obligations consist of the following:
December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 | |||||||
Intangible assets: | ||||||||
In-place leases, net of accumulated amortization of $13,581 and $1,318 | $ | 181,426 | $ | 32,773 | ||||
Above-market leases, net of accumulated amortization of $1,520 and $278 | 14,380 | 8,187 | ||||||
Below-market ground rent, net of accumulated amortization of $67 and $0 | 4,425 | - | ||||||
Total intangible assets | $ | 200,231 | $ | 40,960 | ||||
Intangible liabilities: | ||||||||
Below-market leases, net of accumulated amortization of $3,932 and $300 | $ | 51,853 | $ | 6,077 | ||||
Above-market ground rent, net of accumulated amortization of $29 and $0 | 1,973 | - | ||||||
Total intangible liabilities | $ | 53,826 | $ | 6,077 |
The following table provides the weighted-average amortization period as of December 31, 2014 for intangible assets and liabilities and the projected amortization expense for the next five years.
Weighted- | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Average | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Period | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||
In-place leases | 9.1 | $ | 23,047 | $ | 23,034 | $ | 22,192 | $ | 21,838 | $ | 20,124 | |||||||||||||
Total to be included in depreciation and amortization expense | $ | 23,047 | $ | 23,034 | $ | 22,192 | $ | 21,838 | $ | 20,124 | ||||||||||||||
Above-market lease assets | 10.6 | $ | 1,578 | $ | 1,564 | $ | 1,555 | $ | 1,554 | $ | 1,346 | |||||||||||||
Below-market lease liabilities | 9.5 | (5,867 | ) | (5,867 | ) | (5,863 | ) | (5,808 | ) | (5,732 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total to be included in rental revenue | $ | (4,289 | ) | $ | (4,303 | ) | $ | (4,308 | ) | $ | (4,254 | ) | $ | (4,386 | ) | |||||||||
Below-market ground rent | 38.5 | $ | 119 | $ | 119 | $ | 119 | $ | 119 | $ | 119 | |||||||||||||
Above-market ground rent | 38.9 | (51 | ) | (51 | ) | (51 | ) | (51 | ) | (51 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total to be included in property operating expense | $ | 68 | $ | 68 | $ | 68 | $ | 68 | $ | 68 |
The Company recorded $12,263, $1,291 and $80 of amortization of intangible assets as part of depreciation and amortization, including $0, $3 and $50 within discontinued operations for the years ended December 2014, 2013, and 2012, respectively. The Company recorded $2,390, $(64), and $188 of amortization of intangible assets and liabilities as an increase (decrease) to rental revenue, including $0, $(34) and $196 within discontinued operations for the years ended December 2014, 2013, and 2012, respectively. The Company recorded $38, $0, and $0 of amortization of ground rent intangible assets and liabilities as an increase to other property operating expense, none of which was in discontinued operations for the years ended December 2014, 2013, and 2012, respectively.
92 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the fair value of the synergies expected to be achieved upon consummation of a business combination and is measured as the excess of consideration transferred over the net assets acquired at acquisition date. The Company recognized goodwill of $3,887 related to the acquisition. The carrying value of goodwill is adjusted each reporting period for the effect of foreign currency translation adjustments. The carrying value of goodwill at December 31, 2014 is $3,840. The Company’s goodwill has an indeterminate life and is not amortized, but is tested for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. The Company takes a qualitative approach to consider whether an impairment of goodwill exists prior to quantitatively determining the fair value of the reporting unit in step one of the impairment test. The Company did not record any impairment on its goodwill during 2014.
Deferred Costs
Deferred costs consist of deferred financing costs, deferred acquisition costs, and deferred leasing costs. Deferred costs are presented net of accumulated amortization.
The Company’s deferred financing costs are comprised of various costs associated with the Company’s financing arrangements. These costs include commitment fees, issuance costs, and legal and other third-party costs associated with obtaining financing, as well as fees related to loans assumed as part of real estate acquisitions. Deferred financing costs are amortized over the terms of the respective agreements and the amortization is reflected as interest expense. Unamortized deferred financing costs are expensed when the associated debt is refinanced or repaid before maturity. Costs incurred in seeking financing transactions that do not close are expensed in the period in which it is determined that the financing will not close.
The Company’s deferred acquisition costs consist primarily of lease inducement fees paid to secure acquisitions and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the related lease term.
The Company’s deferred leasing costs include direct costs, such as lease commissions, incurred to initiate and renew operating leases and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the related lease term.
Other Assets
The Company makes payments for certain expenses such as insurance and property taxes in advance of the period in which it receives the benefit. These payments are classified as other assets and amortized over the respective period of benefit relating to the contractual arrangement. Other assets also includes deposits related to pending acquisitions and financing arrangements, as required by a seller or lender, respectively. Costs prepaid in connection with securing financing for a property are reclassified into deferred financing costs at the time the transaction is completed.
The Company capitalizes its costs of software purchased for internal use and once the software is placed into service, the costs are amortized into expense on a straight-line basis over the assets' estimated useful life, which is generally three years. During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company had $948 and $705 of unamortized computer software costs, respectively. The Company recorded amortization expense of $486, $0, and $0 on capitalized software costs during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012.
The following table provides the weighted-average amortization period as of December 31, 2014 for capitalized software and the projected amortization expense for the next five years.
Weighted- | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Average | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Period | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||
Capitalized software costs | 1.9 | $ | 491 | $ | 454 | $ | 3 | $ | - | $ | - | |||||||||||||
Total to be included in depreciation and amortization expense | $ | 491 | $ | 454 | $ | 3 | $ | - | $ | - |
93 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Contracts assumed by the Company pursuant to a business combination, such as asset or property management contracts, are recorded at fair value at the time of acquisition. The Company determines the fair value of the contract intangible using a discounted cash flow analysis that considers the future cash flows projected from the contract as well as the term of the contract and any renewal or termination provisions. The present value calculation utilizes a discount rate that reflects the risks associated with the contract acquired. The value of the contract intangible is amortized on a straight-line basis over the expected remaining useful term of the contract. If the contract is terminated prior to its contractual expiration and no future payments will be received, any unamortized balance of the contract intangible would be written off to depreciation and amortization expense. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company had $480 and $0 of unamortized contract intangible assets, respectively. The Company recorded no amortization expense on contract intangible assets during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 or 2012. Contract intangibles are recorded in other assets on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The following table provides the weighted-average amortization periods as of December 31, 2014 for contract intangible assets and the projected amortization expense for the next five years.
Weighted- | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Average | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Period | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||
Contract intangible asset | 3.5 | $ | 137 | $ | 137 | $ | 137 | $ | 69 | $ | - | |||||||||||||
Total to be included in depreciation and amortization expense | $ | 137 | $ | 137 | $ | 137 | $ | 69 | $ | - |
Servicing Advances Receivable
Servicing advances receivable is comprised of the accrual for the reimbursement of servicing advances recognized as part of the disposal of Gramercy Finance in March 2013. The accrual for reimbursement of servicing advances incurred while the Company was the collateral manager of the CDOs includes expenses such as legal fees incurred to negotiate modifications and foreclosures on loan investments, professional fees incurred on certain loans, or fees for services such as appraisals obtained on real estate properties that served as collateral for loan investments. These reimbursement proceeds will be realized when the related assets within the CDOs are liquidated in accordance with the terms of the collateral management and sub-special servicing agreements, which were sold in connection with the disposal of Gramercy Finance. The Company has no control over the timing of the resolution of the related assets, however, the Company earns accrued interest at the prime rate for the time that these reimbursements are outstanding. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company received reimbursements of $7,428 and $6,055, respectively. As of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the servicing advances receivable is $1,485 and $8,758, respectively.
The Company reviews the servicing advances receivable on a quarterly basis and determines collectability by reviewing the expected resolution and timing of the underlying assets of the CDOs. As of December 31, 2014, the Company has reviewed the outstanding servicing advances and has determined that all amounts are collectible.
Retained CDO Bonds
The Retained CDO Bonds are non-investment grade subordinate bonds, preferred shares and ordinary shares of three CDOs, which the Company recognized at fair value and retained in March 2013 subsequent to the disposal of Gramercy Finance. Management estimated the timing and amount of cash flows expected to be collected and recognized an investment in the Retained CDO Bonds equal to the net present value of these discounted cash flows. There is no guarantee that the Company will realize any proceeds from this investment, or what the timing of investment income will be for the expected remaining life of the Retained CDO Bonds. The Company considers these investments to be not of high credit quality and does not expect a full recovery of interest and principal. Therefore, the Company has suspended interest income accruals on these investments. On a quarterly basis, the Company evaluates the Retained CDO Bonds to determine whether significant changes in estimated cash flows or unrealized losses on these investments, if any, reflect a decline in value which is other-than-temporary. If there is a decrease in estimated cash flows and the investment is in an unrealized loss position, the Company will record an other-than-temporary impairment in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. To determine the component of the other-than-temporary impairment related to expected credit losses, the Company compares the amortized cost basis of the Retained CDO Bonds to the present value of the revised expected cash flows, discounted using the pre-impairment yield. Conversely, if the security is in an unrealized gain position and there is a decrease or significant increase in expected cash flows, the Company will prospectively adjust the yield using the effective yield method.
94 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
For the years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company recognized other-than-temporary impairment, or OTTI, of $4,816 and $2,002, respectively, on its Retained CDO Bonds. The Company’s Retained CDO Bonds have been in an unrealized loss position for more than twelve months. A summary of the Company’s Retained CDO Bonds as of December 31, 2014 is as follows:
Description | Number of Securities | Face Value | Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gain (Loss) | Other-than- temporary impairment | Fair Value | Weighted Average Expected Life | |||||||||||||||||||||
Available for Sale, Non-investment Grade: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retained CDO Bonds | 9 | $ | 365,399 | $ | 4,759 | $ | (466 | ) | $ | (4,816 | ) | $ | 4,293 | 4.8 years | ||||||||||||||
Total | 9 | $ | 365,399 | $ | 4,759 | $ | (466 | ) | $ | (4,816 | ) | $ | 4,293 | 4.8 years |
The following table summarizes the activity related to credit losses on the Retained CDO Bonds for the year ended December 31, 2014:
Balance as of December 31, 2013 of credit losses on Retained CDO Bonds for which a portion of an OTTI was recognized in other comprehensive income | $ | 2,002 | ||
Additions to credit losses: | ||||
On Retained CDO Bonds for which an OTTI was not previously recognized | - | |||
On Retained CDO Bonds for which an OTTI was previously recognized and a portion of an OTTI was recognized in other comprehensive income | 4,816 | |||
On Retained CDO Bonds for which an OTTI was previously recognized without any portion of OTTI recognized in other comprehensive income | - | |||
Reduction for credit losses: | - | |||
On Retained CDO Bonds for which no OTTI was recognized in other comprehensive income at current measurement date | - | |||
On Retained CDO Bonds sold during the period | - | |||
On Retained CDO Bonds charged off during the period | - | |||
For increases in cash flows expected to be collected that are recognized over the remaining life of the Retained CDO Bonds | - | |||
Balance as of December 31, 2014 of credit losses on Retained CDO Bonds for which a portion of an OTTI was recognized in other comprehensive income | $ | 6,818 |
Valuation of Financial Instruments
At December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company measured financial instruments, including Retained CDO Bonds and derivative instruments on a recurring basis. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, or an exit price.
ASC 820-10, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” among other things, establishes a hierarchical disclosure framework associated with the level of pricing observability utilized in measuring financial instruments at fair value. The level of pricing observability generally correlates to the degree of judgment utilized in measuring the fair value of financial instruments. The three broad levels defined are as follows:
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Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Level I — This level is comprised of financial instruments that have quoted prices that are available in liquid markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level II — This level is comprised of financial instruments for which quoted prices are available but which are traded less frequently and instruments that are measured at fair value using management’s judgment, where the inputs into the determination of fair value can be directly observed.
Level III — This level is comprised of financial instruments that have little to no pricing observability as of the reported date. These financial instruments do not have active markets and are measured using management’s best estimate of fair value, where the inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment and assumptions. Instruments that are generally in this category include derivatives.
For a further discussion regarding the measurement of financial instruments see Note 10, “Fair Value of Financial Instruments.”
Revenue Recognition
Real Estate Investments
Rental revenue from leases on real estate investments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease, regardless of when payments are contractually due. The excess of rental revenue recognized over the amounts contractually due according to the underlying leases are included in deferred revenue on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company begins recognition of rental revenue from leases on properties that are under construction at the time of acquisition upon completion of construction of the leased asset and delivery of the leased asset to the tenant.
The Company’s lease agreements with tenants also generally contain provisions that require tenants to reimburse the Company for real estate taxes, insurance costs, common area maintenance costs, and other property-related expenses. Under lease arrangements in which the Company is the primary obligor for these expenses, such amounts are recognized as both revenues and operating expenses for the Company. Under lease arrangements in which the tenant pays these expenses directly, such amounts are not included in revenues or expenses. These reimbursement amounts are recognized in the period in which the related expenses are incurred.
Investment income consists primarily of income accretion on the Company’s Retained CDO Bonds, which are measured at fair value on a quarterly basis using a discounted cash flow model. Other income includes interest income on servicing advances and interest income earned and reimbursed related to deposits the Company makes for real estate acquisitions. Interest income on servicing advances is recognized as it is earned and interest income on deposits made for pending acquisitions is recognized when the transaction closes.
The Company recognizes sales of real estate properties only upon closing. Payments received from purchasers prior to closing are recorded as deposits. Profit on real estate sold is recognized using the full accrual method upon closing when the collectability of the sale price is reasonably assured and the Company is not obligated to perform significant activities after the sale. Profit may be deferred in whole or part until the sale meets the requirements of profit recognition on sale of real estate.
Asset Management Business
The Company’s asset and property management agreements may contain provisions for fees related to dispositions, administration of the assets including fees related to accounting, valuation and legal services, and management of capital improvements or projects on the underlying assets. The Company recognizes revenue for fees pursuant to its management agreements in the period in which they are earned. Management fees received prior to the date earned are included in deferred revenue on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Certain of the Company’s asset management contracts include provisions that may allow it to earn additional fees, generally described as incentive fees or profit participation interests, based on the achievement of a targeted valuation of the managed assets or the achievement of a certain internal rate of return on the managed assets. The Company recognizes incentive fees on its asset management contracts based upon the amount that would be due pursuant to the contract, if the contract were terminated at the reporting date. If the contact may be terminated at will, revenue will only be recognized to the amount that would be due pursuant to that termination. If the incentive fee is a fixed amount, only a proportionate share of revenue is recognized at the reporting date, with the remaining fees recognized on a straight-line basis over the measurement period. The values of incentive management fees are periodically evaluated by management.
96 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
The Original Management Agreement with KBS Acquisition Sub, LLC, or KBSAS, a wholly-owned subsidiary of KBS Real Estate Investment Trust, Inc., or KBS REIT, was extended through execution of an Amended and Restated Asset Management Services Agreement, or the Management Agreement, effective as of December 1, 2013, and provides for a base management fee of $7,500 per year, payable monthly, plus the reimbursement of certain administrative and property related expenses. The Management Agreement is effective through December 31, 2016 with a one-year extension option through December 31, 2017, exercisable by KBSAS, and also provides incentive fees in the form of profit participation ranging from 10% – 30% of profits earned on sales.
The Original Management Agreement, which was in effect through December 1, 2013, provided a base management fee of $9,000 per year, payable monthly, plus the reimbursement of all property related expenses paid, and an incentive fee, or the Threshold Value Profits Participation, in an amount equal to the greater of: (a) $3,500 or (b) 10% of the amount, if any, by which the portfolio equity value exceeds $375,000. The Threshold Value Profits Participation was capped at a maximum of $12,000.
In the second quarter of 2013, after consideration of the termination provisions of the agreement and the sales of real estate assets made to date, the Company recognized incentive fees of $5,700 related to the Original Management Agreement and, following the signing of the Management Agreement, KBSAS paid $12,000 to the Company in satisfaction of the Company’s profit participation interest under the Original Management Agreement.
In December 2014, the Company assumed a Property and Asset Management Agreement, or the Gramercy Europe Asset Management Agreement, in connection with the acquisition of ThreadGreen Europe Limited, which the Company subsequently renamed Gramercy Europe Asset Management. Pursuant to the Gramercy Europe Management Agreement, Gramercy Europe Asset Management will provide property, asset management and advisory services to a portfolio of single-tenant industrial and office assets located in Germany, Finland, and Switzerland. In connection with the formation of the Gramercy European Property Fund with several investment partners, the Company also established a management company, which has a management contract with Gramercy European Property Fund for the provision of property and asset management services to the Gramercy European Property Fund.
For the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Company recognized incentive fees of $1,136, $10,223 and $1,277, respectively.
Rent Expense
Rent expense is recognized on a straight-line basis regardless of when payments are due. Accounts payable and accrued expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 includes an accrual for rental expense recognized in excess of amounts due at that time. Rent expense related to leasehold interests is included in property operating expenses, and rent expense related to office rentals is included in management, general and administrative expense and property management expense.
Stock-Based Compensation Plans
The Company has stock-based compensation plans, described more fully in Note 12.
The Company accounts for stock-based awards using the fair value recognition provisions. Awards of stock or restricted stock are expensed as compensation over the benefit period and may require inputs that are highly subjective and require significant management judgment and analysis to develop. The Company assumes a forfeiture rate which impacts the amount of aggregate compensation cost recognized. In accordance with the provisions of the Company’s stock-based compensation plans, the Company accepts the return of shares of the Company's common stock, at the current quoted market price to satisfy minimum statutory tax-withholding requirements related to shares that vested during the period. The Company also grants awards pursuant to its stock-based compensation plans in the form of LTIP units, which are a class of limited partnership interests in the Company’s Operating Partnership. As of December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012, the Company had 702,926, 678,784 and 1,383,388 weighted-average unvested restricted shares outstanding, respectively.
97 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of a stock option award. This model requires inputs such as expected term, expected volatility, and risk-free interest rate. These inputs are highly subjective and generally require significant analysis and judgment to develop. Compensation cost for stock options, if any, is recognized ratably over the vesting period of the award. The Company’s policy is to grant options with an exercise price equal to the quoted closing market price of its stock on the business day preceding the grant date.
The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of grant for options issued to employees, and quarterly awards to non-employees, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions for grants in 2014 and 2013.
2014 | 2013 | |||||||
Dividend yield | 2.50 | % | 5.50 | % | ||||
Expected life of option | 5.0 years | 5.0 years | ||||||
Risk-free interest rate | 1.81 | % | 0.72 | % | ||||
Expected stock price volatility | 41.00 | % | 53.00 | % |
Foreign Currency
The Company’s Gramercy Europe Asset Management operates an asset and property management business in the United Kingdom and has commitments to invest in Gramercy European Property Fund, which will invest in assets throughout Europe.
Translation
The Company has interests in the European Union and United Kingdom for which the functional currency is the euro and the British pound sterling, respectively. The Company performs the translation from the euro or the British pound sterling to the U.S. dollar for assets and liabilities using the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts using a weighted-average exchange rate during the period. The Company reports the gains and losses resulting from such translation as a component of other comprehensive income (loss). The Company recorded a net translation loss of $48 for the year ended December 31, 2014. These translation gains and losses are reclassified to earnings when the Company has substantially exited from all investments in the related currency.
Transaction Gains or Losses
A transaction gain or loss realized upon settlement of a foreign currency transaction will be included in earnings for the period in which the transaction is settled. Foreign currency intercompany transactions that are scheduled for settlement are included in the determination of net income.
Intercompany foreign currency transactions of a long term nature that do not have a planned or foreseeable future settlement date, in which the entities to the transactions are consolidated or accounted for by the equity method in the Company’s financial statements, are not included in net income but are reported as a component of other comprehensive income (loss).
Net realized gains or (losses) are recognized on foreign currency transactions in connection with the transfer of cash from or to foreign operations of subsidiaries or equity investments to the parent company. For the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Company recognized net realized foreign currency transaction losses of ($16), $0, and $0 on such transactions.
98 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Derivative Instruments
In the normal course of business, the Company is exposed to the effect of interest rate changes and limits these risks by following established risk management policies and procedures including the use of derivatives. The Company uses a variety of derivative instruments to manage, or hedge, interest rate risk. The Company requires that hedging derivative instruments be effective in reducing the interest rate risk exposure that they are designated to hedge. This effectiveness is essential for qualifying for hedge accounting. Instruments that meet these hedging criteria are formally designated as hedges at the inception of the derivative contract. The Company uses a variety of commonly used derivative products that are considered “plain vanilla” derivatives. These derivatives typically include interest rate swaps, caps, collars and floors. The Company expressly prohibits the use of unconventional derivative instruments and using derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Further, the Company has a policy of only entering into contracts with major financial institutions based upon their credit ratings and other factors.
The Company may from time to time use derivative instruments in connection with the private placement of equity. In October 2013, the Company entered into contingent value rights agreements, or CVR Agreements, with the share purchasers. Pursuant to each CVR Agreement, the Company issued to each purchaser the number of contingent value rights, or CVRs, equal to the number of common stock purchased. The CVRs were not designated as hedge instruments. The CVRs did not qualify, nor did the Company intend for these instruments to qualify, as hedging instruments. On March 25, 2014, the CVR Agreements expired with no value.
In March 2014, the Company issued 3.75% unsecured exchangeable senior notes, or the Exchangeable Senior Notes, which are exchangeable, under certain circumstances, for cash, for shares of the Company’s common stock or for a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock, in accordance with the terms of the Exchangeable Senior Notes, as described in Note 6. The embedded exchange option value of the Exchangeable Senior Notes was originally recorded as a derivative at March 31, 2014, however, pursuant to NYSE share-settlement limitations, the exchange option was revalued as of June 26, 2014, when the appropriate shareholder approvals were obtained for share-settlement, and the exchange option value was recorded as additional paid-in-capital. The exchange option does not qualify, nor did the Company intend for it to qualify, as a hedging instrument.
The Company recognizes all derivatives on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value. To determine the fair value of derivative instruments, the Company uses a variety of methods and assumptions that are based on market conditions and risks existing at each balance sheet date. For the majority of financial instruments including most derivatives, long-term investments and long-term debt, standard market conventions and techniques such as discounted cash flow analysis, option-pricing models, replacement cost and termination cost are used to determine fair value. All methods of assessing fair value result in a general approximation of value, and such value may never actually be realized.
Derivatives that are not hedges must be adjusted to fair value through income. If a derivative is a hedge, depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative will either be offset against the change in fair value of the hedged asset, liability or firm commitment through earnings, or recognized in other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative’s change in fair value will be immediately recognized in earnings. Derivative accounting may increase or decrease reported net income and stockholders’ equity prospectively, depending on future levels of the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, swap spreads and other variables affecting the fair values of derivative instruments and hedged items, but will have no effect on cash flows, provided the contract is carried through to full term.
All hedges held by the Company as of December 31, 2014 are deemed effective based upon the hedging objectives established by the Company’s corporate policy governing interest rate risk management. The effect of the Company’s derivative instruments on its financial statements is discussed more fully in Note 11.
99 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Income Taxes
The Company elected to be taxed as a REIT, under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code, beginning with its taxable year ended December 31, 2004. To qualify as a REIT, the Company must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90% of its ordinary taxable income, to stockholders. As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on taxable income that the Company distributes to its stockholders. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, it will then be subject to U.S. federal income taxes on taxable income at regular corporate rates and will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes for four years following the year during which qualification is lost unless the Internal Revenue Service grants the Company relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could materially adversely affect the Company’s net income and net cash available for distributions to stockholders. However, the Company believes that it will be organized and will operate in such a manner as to qualify for treatment as a REIT and the Company intends to operate in the foreseeable future in such a manner so that it will qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Company is subject to certain state and local taxes. The Company’s TRSs are subject to federal, state and local taxes.
For the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Company recorded $809, $8,908, and $3,330 of income tax expense, including $0, $2,515, and $0 within discontinued operations, respectively. Tax expense for each year is comprised of federal, state and local taxes. Income taxes, primarily related to the Company’s TRSs, are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis and operating loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. A valuation allowance is provided if the Company believes it is more likely than not that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. Any increase or decrease in a valuation allowance is included in the tax provision when such a change occurs.
The Company’s policy for interest and penalties, if any, on material uncertain tax positions recognized in the financial statements is to classify these as interest expense and operating expense, respectively. As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Company did not incur any material interest or penalties.
Earnings Per Share
The Company presents both basic and diluted earnings per share, or EPS. Basic EPS excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. The Company has adopted the two-class computation method, and thus includes all participating securities in the computation of basic shares for the periods in which the Company has net income available to common shareholders. A participating security is defined as an unvested share-based payment award containing non-forfeitable rights to dividends regardless of whether or not the awards ultimately vest or expire. As the Company has the intent and ability to settle the debt component of the Exchangeable Senior Notes in cash and the excess conversion premium in shares, the Company only includes the effect of the excess conversion premium in the calculation of diluted shares. Net losses are not allocated to participating securities unless the holder has a contractual obligation to share in the losses. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock, as long as their inclusion would not be anti-dilutive.
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash investments, debt investments and accounts receivable. The Company places its cash investments in excess of insured amounts with high quality financial institutions. Prior to the disposal of Gramercy Finance in March 2013, the Company had also performed ongoing analysis of credit risk concentrations in its loan and other lending investment portfolio by evaluating exposure to various markets, underlying property types, investment structure, term, sponsors, tenants and other credit metrics.
100 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Concentrations of credit risk also arise when a number of the Company’s tenants or asset management clients are engaged in similar business activities or are subject to similar economic risks or conditions that could cause their inability to meet contractual obligations to the Company. The Company regularly monitors its portfolio to assess potential concentrations of credit risk. Management believes the current credit risk portfolio is reasonably well diversified. One asset management client, KBS, accounted for 78%, 73% and 100% of the Company’s management fee income for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. One tenant accounted for 29%, 24% and 45% of the Company’s rental revenue for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012 respectively. Additionally, for the year ended December 31, 2014, there were two states, Florida and Texas, that each accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s rental revenue.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, or GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In April 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-08, Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity, which revises the definition of discontinued operations by limiting discontinued operations reporting to disposals of components of an entity that represent strategic shifts that have, or will have, a major effect on an entity's operations and financial results, removing the lack of continuing involvement criteria and requiring discontinued operations reporting for the disposal of an equity method investment that meets the definition of discontinued operations. This guidance also requires expanded disclosures for discontinued operations, including disclosure of pretax profit or loss of an individually significant component of an entity that does not qualify for discontinued operations reporting. The update is effective prospectively for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2014 with early adoption permitted in certain circumstances. The Company has elected early adoption, and its adoption is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which creates a new Topic ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The core principle of the new guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Additionally, the guidance requires improved disclosures to help users of financial statements better understand the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue that is recognized. The update is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is not permitted, thus the Company will appropriately adopt and apply the guidance retrospectively for its fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 and the interim periods within that year.
In June 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-12, Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period. It applies to entities that grant employees share-based payments in which the terms of the award provide that a performance target affecting vesting could be achieved after the requisite service period, which is the case when employees may retire or otherwise terminate employment prior to the end of the period in which a performance target could be achieved and still be eligible to vest in the award if and when the performance target is achieved. Pursuant to the guidance, entities should apply existing guidance in ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation, as it relates to awards with performance conditions that affect vesting to account for such awards. This update is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2015 with early adoption permitted. The Company has not elected early adoption, and this adoption is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.
In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements—Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern. The ASU is intended to define management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an organization’s ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures as needed based on the evaluation. It provides guidance to an organization’s management, with principles and definitions that are intended to reduce diversity in the timing and content of disclosures provided by organizations in the financial statement footnotes. The update applies to all companies and not-for-profit organizations and becomes effective in the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, with early application permitted. The Company has elected early adoption for the annual period ended December 31, 2015, and this adoption is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.
101 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
In November 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-16, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Determining Whether the Host Contract in a Hybrid Financial Instrument Issued in the Form of a Share Is More Akin to Debt or to Equity. The ASU clarifies how to interpret current U.S. GAAP in evaluating the economic characteristics and risks of a host contract in a hybrid financial instrument that is issued in the form of a share. The update applies to all companies and becomes effective for public entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015, with early application permitted. The Company has not elected early adoption, and its adoption is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.
In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-02, Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis, which amends the current consolidation guidance, including introducing a separate consolidation analysis specific to limited partnerships and other similar entities. Under this analysis, limited partnerships and other similar entities will be considered a VIE unless the limited partners hold substantive kick-out rights or participating rights. The guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2015, with early adoption permitted. The Company has not elected early adoption and is currently evaluating the new guidance to determine the impact it may have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.
3. Dispositions and Assets Held for Sale
The Company did not classify any assets as held for sale as of December 31, 2014 or December 31, 2013.
The following operating results for Gramercy Finance and the assets previously sold for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are included in discontinued operations for all periods presented:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
Operating Results: | ||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | 368 | $ | 33,352 | $ | 162,059 | ||||||
Operating expenses | (267 | ) | (4,063 | ) | (54,747 | ) | ||||||
Marketing, general and administrative (1) | (625 | ) | (6,524 | ) | (18,508 | ) | ||||||
Interest expense | - | (14,654 | ) | (88,159 | ) | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization | - | (15 | ) | (967 | ) | |||||||
Loans held for sale and CMBS OTTI | - | (7,641 | ) | (171,079 | ) | |||||||
Provision for loan losses | - | - | 7,838 | |||||||||
Expense reimbursements (2) | - | 5,406 | - | |||||||||
Equity in net income from joint venture | - | (804 | ) | (5,611 | ) | |||||||
Net income (loss) from operations | (524 | ) | 5,057 | (169,174 | ) | |||||||
Loss on sale of joint venture interests to a director related entity | - | 1,317 | - | |||||||||
Net gains from disposals | - | 389,140 | 15,967 | |||||||||
Provision for taxes | - | (2,515 | ) | - | ||||||||
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | $ | (524 | ) | $ | 392,999 | $ | (153,207 | ) |
(1) | Accrual for the Transfer Tax Assessments on the Company’s sale of a 45% joint venture interest in the leased fee of the 2 Herald Square property is included in management, general, and administrative in 2013. For more information see Note 15. |
(2) | In the first quarter of 2013, the Company received reimbursements for enforcement costs of $5,406 incurred on the behalf of a pari-passu lender for one loan held by the CDOs, which the Company incurred in prior years. The Company fully reserved for these costs when incurred due to the uncertainty of recovery. |
102 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Discontinued operations have not been segregated in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The table below presents additional relevant information pertaining to results of discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, including depreciation, amortization, capital expenditures, and significant operating and investing noncash items:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
Depreciation expense | $ | - | $ | 15 | $ | 967 | ||||||
Amortization expense | - | (8,505 | ) | (21,387 | ) | |||||||
Capital expenditures | - | - | - | |||||||||
Significant operating noncash items | - | (382,637 | ) | 182,794 | ||||||||
Significant investing noncash items | - | - | - | |||||||||
Total | $ | - | $ | (391,127 | ) | $ | 162,374 |
Gramercy Finance Segment
On March 15, 2013, the Company disposed of Gramercy Finance and exited the commercial real estate finance business, as discussed more fully in Note 1. The Company reclassified the results of operations of Gramercy Finance in discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012. In 2013, the Company recognized a gain of $389,140 in discontinued operations related to the disposal. The gain was calculated based upon the difference between the proceeds received of $6,291, after expenses, the fair value of the Retained CDO Bonds of $8,492, the accrual for the reimbursement of past servicing advances paid plus accrued interest of $14,529 and the net difference of the carrying value of the liabilities and the assets of Gramercy Finance of ($421,911) as of the date of disposal, March 15, 2013.
The basis of the assets and liabilities of Gramercy Finance were derecognized as follows:
- | Loans and other lending investments were derecognized at the lower of cost or market value as of the date of disposal. The fair value of the loans was measured by an internally developed model which considered the price that a third-party would pay to assume the loans and other lending investments at the disposal date; | |
- | Commercial mortgage-backed securities, or CMBS, investments were derecognized at fair value as of the date of disposal. For CMBS investments in an unrealized loss position, the Company recognized an other-than-temporary impairment equal to the entire difference between the investment’s amortized cost basis and its fair value at the date of disposal which is included in net income from discontinued operations. For CMBS investments in an unrealized gain position as of the date of disposal, the Company recorded the unrealized gains as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity; |
- | Derivative instruments were derecognized at fair value as of March 15, 2013. The derivatives were not terminated, but instead were transferred with the CDOs; and, |
- | The non-recourse CDOs were derecognized at carrying value, which represents the full amount of outstanding liabilities issued by the CDO trusts. |
For a further discussion regarding the measurement of financial instruments see Note 10.
The Company recognized other assets and other receivables retained in the disposal of Gramercy Finance and previously eliminated in consolidation as follows:
- | Retained CDO Bonds were recognized at the present value of cash flows expected to be collected, which is based upon management’s assumptions and judgments regarding the resolution of the underlying assets; and, |
103 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
- | The accrual for reimbursement of past servicing advances is based upon actual expenses incurred by the Company plus accrued interest at the prime rate for the time from which the expenses were incurred through March 15, 2013. |
Loan Investments
At December 31, 2012, the Company classified substantially all of its loan investments as held for sale and recorded an impairment of $882 for the year ended December 31, 2012 to adjust the carrying value of seven loans to the lower of cost or market value. The fair value of the loans was measured by an internally developed model which considered the price that a third-party would pay to assume the loan at December 31, 2012.
Available for Sale CMBS Investments
In connection with the disposal of Gramercy Finance, CMBS investments were classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2012. As of December 31, 2012, due to the expected disposal of Gramercy Finance at that reporting date, the Company recognized an other-than-temporary impairment of $128,087 for all CMBS investments in an unrealized loss position because it could no longer express the intent to hold its CMBS until maturity. On the date of disposal, March 15, 2013, the Company marked all CMBS to fair value and then recognized an other-than-temporary impairment of $84,690 for all CMBS in an unrealized loss position equal to the entire difference between the amortized cost basis and the fair value, before deconsolidating the Company’s portfolio of CMBS. The Company recorded the unrealized gain portion of CMBS equal to the excess of the fair value over the amortized cost as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity (deficit) before deconsolidation.
Real Estate Investments
As of December 31, 2012, the Company designated real estate investments held for sale in connection with the disposal of Gramercy Finance and recorded impairment charges of $26,298 for the year ended December 31, 2012 to adjust the carrying value to the lower of cost or market. The impairment is calculated by comparing the results of the company’s marketing efforts and unsolicited purchase offers to the carrying value of the respective property. These real estate investments were disposed of in connection with the disposal of Gramercy Finance on March 15, 2013.
Restricted cash
As of December 31, 2012, restricted cash classified as held for sale in connection with the disposal of Gramercy Finance and disposed of on March 15, 2013, consisted of $61,305 on deposit with the trustee of the Company’s CDOs.
Deferred costs
As of December 31, 2012, deferred financing costs of $6,401 related to the CDOs were classified as held for sale in connection with the disposal of Gramercy Finance and were disposed of on March 15, 2013.
Investments in Joint Ventures
As of December 31, 2012, the Company had two joint ventures that were classified as held for sale, the Southern California office portfolio and the Las Vegas Hotel, related to the Gramercy Finance segment. The joint ventures are further described below.
Southern California Office Portfolio — In September 2012, the Company, an affiliate of SL Green and several other unrelated parties recapitalized a portfolio of office buildings located in Southern California, or the Southern California Office Portfolio, through the contribution of an existing preferred equity investment to a newly formed joint venture. As of December 31, 2012, the Company’s 10.6% interest in the joint venture had a carrying value of $7,215 and was classified as held for sale in connection with the classification of Gramercy Finance as held for sale. For the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company recorded its pro rata share of net losses on the joint venture of $3,222, within discontinued operations. In January 2013, the Company sold the 10.6% interest in a joint venture of the Southern California Office Portfolio to an affiliate of SL Green for proceeds of $8,275 and recorded a gain on disposition to a director related entity of $1,317.
104 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Las Vegas Hotel — In December 2012, the Company acquired via a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, a 30% interest through a TRS in the Las Vegas Hotel, a hotel and casino, located in Las Vegas, Nevada. As of December 31, 2012, the joint venture had a carrying value of $52,029 and was classified as held for sale in connection with the classification of Gramercy Finance as held for sale. For the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company recorded its pro rata share of net losses on the joint venture of $2,388, within discontinued operations. The Las Vegas Hotel was classified as held for sale at December 31, 2012 in connection with the disposal of Gramercy Finance and was disposed of on March 15, 2013.
Real Estate Dispositions
During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company did not sell any properties. During the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company sold 21 properties. The sales transactions generated net proceeds of $77,413 and resulted in gains totaling $15,967 for the year ended December 31, 2012 within discontinued operations.
The Company separately classifies properties held for sale in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of Operations. In the normal course of business the Company identifies non-strategic assets for sale. Changes in the market may compel the Company to decide to classify a property held for sale or classify a property that was designated as held for sale back to held for investment. During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company did not reclassify any properties previously identified as held for sale to held for investment.
In December 2013, the Company entered into an agreement with a noncontrolling interest related to a sold property to dissolve a legal entity resulting in a gain to the Company of $611.
4. Acquisitions
Gramercy Europe Asset Management
On December 19, 2014, the Company acquired ThreadGreen Europe Limited, a United Kingdom based property and asset management platform, which the Company subsequently renamed Gramercy Europe Asset Management, for $3,755 and the issuance of 96,535 shares of the Company’s common stock, valued at $652 as of the date of closing. As part of the acquisition, the Company assumed the Gramercy Europe Asset Management Agreement, pursuant to which Gramercy Europe Asset Management will provide property, asset management and advisory services to an existing portfolio of single-tenant industrial and office assets located in Germany, Finland and Switzerland. Gramercy Europe Asset Management will also receive property, asset management and advisory services to the Gramercy European Property Fund, as described further in Note 5, “Joint Ventures and Equity Investments.” The Company accounted for the acquisition utilizing the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations. The Company recognized assets of $902, liabilities of $398, and goodwill of $3,887 related to the acquisition on its Consolidated Balance Sheet, as well as a $16 realized foreign currency transaction loss related to the acquisition on its Consolidated Statement of Operations. Goodwill represents the fair value of the synergies expected to be achieved upon consummation of a business combination and is measured as the excess of consideration transferred over the net assets acquired at acquisition date.
Bank of America Portfolio
On June 9, 2014, the Company acquired the remaining 50% equity interest in the Bank of America Portfolio joint venture. The Bank of America Portfolio represents the 67 properties located across the United States totaling approximately 3,055,000 rentable square feet which was 97% leased to Bank of America, N.A. under a master lease with expiration dates through 2023, and in which the Company owned a 50% joint venture interest until it acquired the remaining 50% equity interest in June 2014. The Company accounted for the acquisition of the remaining joint venture interest utilizing the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations. The Company valued its share of the joint venture at $106,294 based upon the purchase price of Garrison Investment Group’s 50% equity interest and recognized a gain on remeasurement of a previously held equity investment of $72,345 on the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations.
105 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
The Company is currently analyzing the fair value of the assets liabilities of the Bank of America Portfolio; and accordingly, the purchase price allocations are preliminary and subject to change. The following table shows the preliminary purchase price allocation:
June 9, 2014 | ||||
Assets acquired: | ||||
Real estate assets | $ | 363,380 | ||
Cash | 4,108 | |||
Accounts receivable | 9,999 | |||
Intangible assets | 75,847 | |||
Other assets | 3,777 | |||
Total assets acquired | 457,111 | |||
Liabilities assumed: | ||||
Accrued expenses | 1,614 | |||
Deferred Revenue | 5,012 | |||
Intangible liabilities | 43,841 | |||
Other liabilities | 7,000 | |||
Total liabilities assumed | 57,467 | |||
Total consideration paid | $ | 399,644 |
Properties
During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company’s property acquisitions are summarized as follows:
Weighted- | ||||||||||||||||||||
average | ||||||||||||||||||||
Number of | Number of | Square | Purchase | Remaining | ||||||||||||||||
Property Type | Properties | Buildings | Feet | Price | Lease Term (1) | |||||||||||||||
Industrial (2) | 24 | 25 | 5,297,891 | $ | 302,349 | 7.64 | ||||||||||||||
Office/banking center (3) | 72 | 73 | 3,669,168 | 494,620 | 8.59 | |||||||||||||||
Specialty asset | 4 | 5 | 32,469 | 37,300 | 7.38 | |||||||||||||||
Total | 100 | 103 | 8,999,528 | $ | 834,269 | 8.03 |
(1) | Weighted-average lease term is based upon the remaining non-cancelable lease term as of December 31, 2014. The weighted-average calculation is based upon total rentable square footage. |
(2) | The Company assumed mortgages on four of its acquisitions of industrial properties in 2014. The gross value of the mortgages assumed at acquisition was $45,607. Refer to Note 6 for more information on the Company’s debt obligations related to acquisitions. |
(3) | Includes the 67 properties that comprise the Bank of America Portfolio, which the Company acquired through its acquisition of the remaining 50% equity interest of the Bank of America Portfolio joint venture on June 9, 2014. Prior to the acquisition, the Company accounted for its prior 50% equity interest in the Bank of America Portfolio as a joint venture. |
106 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company’s property acquisitions are summarized as follows:
Weighted- | ||||||||||||||||||||
average | ||||||||||||||||||||
Number of | Number of | Square | Purchase | Remaining | ||||||||||||||||
Property Type | Properties | Buildings | Feet | Price | Lease Term (1) | |||||||||||||||
Industrial (2), (3) | 23 | 25 | 3,683,184 | $ | 261,416 | 11.14 | ||||||||||||||
Office/banking center | 3 | 3 | 48,709 | 7,120 | 8.45 | |||||||||||||||
Specialty asset (3) | 3 | 7 | 255,738 | 72,250 | 13.87 | |||||||||||||||
Total | 29 | 35 | 3,987,631 | $ | 340,786 | 11.28 |
(1) | Weighted-average lease term is based upon the remaining non-cancelable lease term as of December 31, 2013. The weighted-average calculation is based upon total rentable square footage. |
(2) | Industrial properties includes a build-to-suit property located in Hialeah Gardens, Florida, which represents a commitment to construct an approximately 118,000 square foot cold storage facility which will be 100% leased for an initial term of 25 years when completed. Rent for the facility commenced on June 1, 2014 and it was placed in service during June 2014. The Company acquired the land for the property with a $4,990 zero-coupon mortgage note payable to the seller. The construction has been fully funded as of December 31, 2014. |
(3) | The Company assumed mortgages on two of its acquisitions of industrial properties in 2013. The gross value of the mortgages assumed at acquisition was $48,899. Refer to Note 6 for more information on the Company’s debt obligations related to acquisitions. |
The Company analyzed the fair value of the leases and real estate assets of its 29 property investments acquired in 2013; and, accordingly, the purchase price allocation is finalized. The current allocation of the assets includes $315,130 of net real estate assets, $51,528 of intangible assets and $7,494 of intangible liabilities.
The Company is currently analyzing the fair value of the lease and real estate assets of its 100 property investments acquired in 2014; and accordingly, the purchase price allocation is preliminary and subject to change. The initial recording of the assets included $726,511 of net real estate assets, $159,443 of intangible assets and $49,830 of intangible liabilities.
During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company finalized the purchase price allocations for 22 properties acquired in the year ended December 31, 2013. The Company had performed a preliminary analysis of the purchase price allocation for these properties at the time of acquisition and had allocated $248,977 to real estate assets, $27,550 to intangible assets, and $2,236 to intangible liabilities. The finalized purchase price allocations are based on third-party appraisals and additional information about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date. As a result of the finalized purchase price allocations, the Company reduced real estate assets by $11,478, increased intangible assets by $13,242, and increased intangible liabilities by $1,764. These adjustments resulted in a decrease to net income of $2,561 to record adjustments to depreciation and amortization on the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2014.
The Company recorded revenues and net income for the year ended December 31, 2014 of $12,403 and $3,647, respectively, related to its 33 individual real estate acquisitions during the year. The Company recorded revenues and net income for the year ended December 31, 2014 of $34,031 and $5,225 respectively, related to the Bank of America Portfolio acquired on June 9, 2014. The Company recorded revenues and net income for the year ended December 31, 2013 of $10,724 and $1,525, respectively, related to the 29 acquisitions during the year.
The Company classifies its properties into one of the following categories based on the characteristics of the property and the following definitions of classifications:
(1) | Office/Banking Center — A commercial property utilized for professional activities. Examples include generic office properties, call centers, retail bank branches or operation centers. |
107 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
(2) | Industrial — A commercial property used for general industrial activities such as production, manufacturing, assembly, warehousing, storage, distribution, and truck terminals. |
(3) | Specialty Asset — An improved land site that allows a tenant to perform functions directly related to its overall business. Specialty assets currently owned by Gramercy include an auto auction site, a rental car maintenance facility, a bus depot, an auto rental site, and three auto salvage sites. |
Pro Forma
The following table summarizes, on an unaudited pro forma basis, the Company’s combined results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 as though the acquisitions closed during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 were completed on January 1, 2012. The supplemental pro forma operating data is not necessarily indicative of what the actual results of operations would have been assuming the transaction had been completed as set forth above, nor do they purport to represent the Company’s results of operations for future periods.
2014 (1) | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
Pro forma revenues | $ | 165,340 | $ | 171,655 | $ | 163,943 | ||||||
Pro forma net income (loss) available to common stockholders | $ | (3,153 | ) | $ | 396,940 | $ | (156,924 | ) | ||||
Pro forma income (loss) per common share-basic | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | 6.38 | $ | (3.02 | ) | ||||
Pro forma income (loss) per common share-diluted | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | 6.17 | $ | (3.02 | ) | ||||
Pro forma common shares-basic | 103,850,324 | 62,179,631 | 51,976,462 | |||||||||
Pro forma common share-diluted | 103,850,324 | 64,299,008 | 51,976,462 |
(1) | The Company adjusted its pro forma net income for the year ended December 31, 2014 for the $72,345 gain on remeasurement of a previously held joint venture that was recorded in the second quarter of 2014 because it was directly related to the Company’s acquisition of the remaining 50% equity interest in the Bank of America Portfolio joint venture. |
5. Joint Ventures and Equity Investments
Bank of America Portfolio
The Company owned a 50% interest in the Bank of America Portfolio joint venture until June 9, 2014, when it acquired the remaining 50% equity interest from Garrison Investment Group. On the date that the Company acquired the remaining 50% equity interest, the Bank of America Portfolio included 67 properties located across the United States totaling approximately 3,055,000 rentable square feet and was 97% leased to Bank of America, N.A., under a master lease with expiration dates through 2023, with total portfolio occupancy of approximately 98%. The portfolio’s $200,000 floating rate, interest-only mortgage note, was paid off at the time of the Company’s acquisition of the remaining 50% interest. During the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Joint Venture sold eight, 38, and two properties for net proceeds of $7,682, $43,284, and $143,408, respectively. In May 2013, the joint venture sold a defeased mortgage and the corresponding pool of pledged treasury securities, and recorded a loss of $4,577.
As of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company’s investment in the Bank of America Portfolio joint venture had a carrying value of $0 and $39,385, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Company recorded its pro rata share of net income (loss) of the joint venture of $1,546, ($5,874), and ($3,020), respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Company received distributions of $6,800, $29,215, and $0 from the joint venture, respectively. The joint venture’s purchase price allocation was finalized as of December 31, 2013 and included $460,012 of net real estate assets, $58,172 of intangible assets and $50,963 of intangible liabilities.
108 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Philips Building
The Company owns a 25% interest in the equity owner of a fee interest in 200 Franklin Square Drive, a 200,000 square foot building located in Somerset, New Jersey which is 100% net leased to Philips Holdings, USA Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Royal Philips Electronics through December 2021. The property is financed by a $41,000 fixed rate mortgage note with an anticipated repayment date in 2015. As of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the investment has a carrying value of $0. The Company recorded its pro rata share of net income of the joint venture of $413, $212 and $115 for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012 the Company received distributions of $413, $413, and $392 from the joint venture, respectively.
Gramercy European Property Fund
In December 2014, the Company, along with several equity investment partners, formed Gramercy European Property Fund, a private real estate investment fund, which will target single-tenant industrial, office and specialty retail assets throughout Europe. The equity investors, including the Company, have collectively committed approximately $426,455 (€352,500) in equity capital comprised of an initial commitment of approximately $305,475 (€252,500), including $60,490 (€50,000) from the Company and $244,985 (€202,500) from its equity investment partners, plus an additional $120,980 (€100,000) from certain equity investment partners, not including the Company, after the first $305,475 (€252,500) has been invested. As of December 31, 2014, the Company had not contributed any capital nor received any distributions from Gramercy European Property Fund. As of December 31, 2014 the investment had a carrying value of $0, and the Company did not record any net income related to its investment from the date of acquisition on December 19, 2014 through December 31, 2014.
The Consolidated Balance Sheets for the Company’s joint ventures and equity investments at December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:
2014 (1) | 2013 | |||||||
Assets: | ||||||||
Real estate assets, net | $ | 46,575 | $ | 305,798 | ||||
Other assets | 15,225 | 100,560 | ||||||
Total assets | $ | 61,800 | $ | 406,358 | ||||
Liabilities and members' equity: | ||||||||
Mortgages payable | $ | 41,000 | $ | 241,000 | ||||
Other liabilities | 16,602 | 84,608 | ||||||
Members' equity | 4,198 | 80,750 | ||||||
Liabilities and members' equity | $ | 61,800 | $ | 406,358 |
(1) | The Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2014 represents the Company’s interests in the Philips joint venture and the Gramercy European Property Fund, whereas the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2013 represents the Company’s interests in the Philips joint venture and the Bank of America Portfolio joint venture because the Bank of America Portfolio was consolidated into the Company’s Consolidated Balance subsequent to the Company’s acquisition of the remaining 50% equity interest in the Bank of America Portfolio on June 9, 2014. The Gramercy European Property Fund commenced in December 2014 and does not have any balance sheet contribution as of December 31, 2014. |
109 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
The Consolidated Statements of Operations for the joint ventures and equity investments for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 or partial period for acquisitions or dispositions which closed during these periods, are as follows:
2014 (1) | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
Revenues | $ | 32,648 | $ | 71,839 | $ | 8,431 | ||||||
Operating expenses | 14,204 | 37,459 | 6,551 | |||||||||
Interest | 6,130 | 18,328 | 4,136 | |||||||||
Depreciation | 8,671 | 18,469 | 2,290 | |||||||||
Total expenses | 29,005 | 74,256 | 12,977 | |||||||||
Net income (loss) from operations | 3,643 | (2,417 | ) | (4,546 | ) | |||||||
Net loss on disposals | (215 | ) | (9,046 | ) | - | |||||||
Provision for taxes | (41 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 3,387 | $ | (11,463 | ) | $ | (4,546 | ) | ||||
Company's equity in net income (loss) within continuing operations | $ | 1,959 | $ | (5,662 | ) | $ | (2,904 | ) | ||||
Company's equity in net loss within discontinued operations | $ | - | $ | (804 | ) | $ | (5,611 | ) |
(1) | The results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2014 includes the Bank of America joint venture’s results for the period January 1, 2014 through June 9, 2014. Subsequent to the Company’s acquisition of the remaining 50% equity interest in the Bank of America Portfolio, the results of operations for the Bank of America Portfolio are consolidated into the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. |
6. Debt Obligations
Secured Debt
Certain real estate assets are subject to mortgage liens. The following is a summary of the Company’s secured financing arrangements as of December 31, 2014:
Encumbered Properties | Balance | Interest Rate | Weighted-average Effective Interest Rate | Weighted- average Maturity | ||||||||||||||
Fixed-rate mortgages | 10 | $ | 142,279 | 3.28% to 7.46% | 5.41% | October 2016 to June 2029 | ||||||||||||
Variable-rate mortgages (1) | 1 | 15,782 | 1 Month LIBOR + 2.10% | 2.26% | December 2020 | |||||||||||||
Total secured financings | 11 | $ | 158,061 | |||||||||||||||
Above market interest | 3,581 | |||||||||||||||||
Balance at December, 31, 2014 | 11 | $ | 161,642 |
(1) | This mortgage is hedged by an interest rate swap which has a maturity date of December 2020. Refer to Note 11 for further information on hedging and the Company’s derivative instruments. |
110 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Mortgage Loans
Certain real estate assets are subject to mortgage loans. During 2014, the Company assumed $45,607 of non-recourse mortgages in connection with four real estate acquisitions. During 2013, the Company assumed $48,899 of non-recourse mortgages in connection with two real estate acquisitions. During 2013, the Company also entered into a total of $72,245 non-recourse mortgage loans, secured by five properties, with a weighted average fixed-rate of 4.83% and a weighted-average floating rate of LIBOR + 2.10%.
Secured Credit Facility
On September 4, 2013, the Company entered into a Credit and Guaranty Agreement, with Deutsche Bank Securities, Inc., as lead arranger and bookrunner, and Deutsche Bank AG New York Branch, as administrative agent, for a $100,000 senior secured revolving credit facility, which Credit and Guaranty Agreement was amended and restated on September 24, 2013, or the Secured Credit Facility. The Company exercised the $50,000 accordion feature in February 2014, which increased its borrowing capacity to $150,000. The maturity date of the revolving credit facility was September 2015, with one 12-month extension option exercisable by the Company, subject, among other things, to there being an absence of an event of default under the Secured Credit Facility and to the payment of an extension fee. The Secured Credit Facility was guaranteed by Gramercy Property Trust Inc. and certain subsidiaries and was secured by first priority mortgages on designated properties, or the Borrowing Base. Outstanding borrowings under the Secured Credit Facility were limited to the lesser of (i) the sum of the $100,000 revolving commitment and the maximum $50,000 commitment increase available or (ii) 60.0% of the value of the Borrowing Base. Interest on advances made on the Secured Credit Facility, were incurred at a floating rate based upon, at the Company’s option, either (i) LIBOR plus the applicable LIBOR margin, or (ii) the applicable base rate which is the greater of the Prime Rate, 0.50% above the Federal Funds Rate, or 30-day LIBOR plus 1.00%. The applicable LIBOR margin ranged from 1.90% to 2.75%, depending on the ratio of the Company’s outstanding consolidated indebtedness to the value of the Company’s consolidated gross assets. As of December 31, 2013, there were borrowings of $45,000 outstanding under the Secured Credit Facility and 18 properties in the Borrowing Base. On June 9, 2014, the Company terminated the Secured Credit Facility and concurrently replaced it with an unsecured credit facility, as discussed below. The Company recorded a net loss on the early extinguishment of debt of $1,925 for the year ended December 31, 2014 in connection with the unamortized deferred financing costs that were immediately expensed upon termination.
Unsecured Debt
On June 9, 2014, the Company entered into a Revolving Credit and Term Loan Agreement with lead arrangers JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A, administrative agent, and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated, as syndication agent, for a $400,000 unsecured credit facility, consisting of a $200,000 senior term loan, or the Term Loan, and a $200,000 senior revolving credit facility, or the Unsecured Credit Facility. The aggregate amount of the Term Loan and Unsecured Credit Facility may be increased to a total of up to $800,000, in the aggregate, subject to the approval of the lender and satisfaction of certain customary terms. The $200,000 Term Loan expires in June 2019 and was used to repay the existing $200,000 mortgage loan secured by the Bank of America Portfolio at the time of the Company’s acquisition of the remaining 50% equity interest in the Bank of America Portfolio joint venture. The $200,000 Unsecured Credit Facility expires in June 2018, with an option for a one-year extension, and replaces the Company’s previously existing $150,000 Secured Credit Facility, which was terminated simultaneously.
Interest on outstanding balances on the Term Loan and advances made on the Unsecured Credit Facility, is incurred at a floating rate based upon, at the Company’s option, either (i) LIBOR plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.35% to 2.05%, depending on the Company’s total leverage ratio, or (ii) the applicable base rate plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.35% to 1.05%, depending on the Company’s total leverage ratio. The applicable base rate is the greater of (x) the prime rate, (y) 0.50% above the Federal Funds Effective Rate, and (z) 30-day LIBOR plus 1.00%. The Term Loan has a borrowing rate of one-month LIBOR plus 1.60% and the Unsecured Credit Facility has a borrowing rate of one month LIBOR plus 1.65%. In connection with the Term Loan, the Company also entered into a fixed rate swap agreement with the lender, JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., which has been designated as an effective cash flow hedge. The combined effective fixed rate of the Term Loan is 3.42% which equals the hedge interest rate of 1.82% plus the applicable base rate of 1.60%.
111 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
The Term Loan and Unsecured Credit Facility are guaranteed by Gramercy Property Trust Inc. and certain subsidiaries. The facilities include a series of financial and other covenants that the Company must comply with in order to borrow under the facilities. The Company is in compliance with the covenants under the facilities at December 31, 2014. As of December 31, 2014, there were borrowings of $200,000 outstanding under the Term Loan and no borrowings outstanding under the Unsecured Credit Facility.
Exchangeable Senior Notes
On March 18, 2014, the Company issued $115,000 of 3.75% Exchangeable Senior Notes. The Exchangeable Senior Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Operating Partnership and are guaranteed by the Company on a senior unsecured basis. The Exchangeable Senior Notes mature on March 15, 2019, unless redeemed, repurchased or exchanged in accordance with their terms prior to such date and will be exchangeable, under certain circumstances, for cash, for shares of the Company’s common stock or for a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock, at the Operating Partnership's election. The Exchangeable Senior Notes will also be exchangeable prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the stated maturity date, at any time beginning on December 15, 2018, and also upon the occurrence of certain events. On or after March 20, 2017, in certain circumstances, the Operating Partnership may redeem all or part of the Exchangeable Senior Notes for cash at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Exchangeable Senior Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest up to, but excluding, the redemption date.
The Exchangeable Senior Notes had an initial exchange rate of 161.1863 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1.0 principal amount of the Exchangeable Senior Notes, representing an exchange price of approximately $6.20 per share of the Company’s common stock. The initial exchange rate is subject to adjustment under certain circumstances. As of December 31, 2014, the Exchangeable Senior Notes have a current exchange rate of 161.5329 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1.0 principal amount of the Exchangeable Senior Notes, representing an exchange price of approximately $6.19 per share of the Company’s common stock. The fair value of the Exchangeable Senior Notes was determined at issuance to be $106,689. The discount is being amortized to interest expense over the expected life of the Exchangeable Senior Notes. As of December 31, 2014, the principal amount of the Exchangeable Senior Notes was $115,000, the unamortized discount was $7,164, and the carrying value was $107,836. As of December 31, 2014, and if Exchangeable Senior Notes were eligible for conversion, the Company could issue shares valued at $128,176 based upon the Company’s closing stock price of $6.90, which would exceed the value of the outstanding principal by $13,176.
Due to the New York Stock Exchange’s limitation on the issuance of more than 19.99% of a company’s common stock outstanding without shareholder approval for issuances above this threshold, the embedded exchange option in the Exchangeable Senior Notes did not qualify for equity classification at the time of issuance. Instead, it was accounted for as a derivative liability upon issuance. As such, the value of the Exchangeable Senior Notes’ conversion options was recorded as a derivative liability on the balance sheet upon issuance of the Exchangeable Senior Notes. On June 26, 2014, the Company obtained the appropriate shareholder approval, and reclassified the embedded exchange option at a fair value of $11,726 into additional paid-in-capital within stockholders’ equity, which is the carrying amount of the equity component as of December 31, 2014. For the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company recorded a loss on derivative of $3,415 on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
112 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Combined aggregate principal maturities of the Company's unsecured debt obligations, non-recourse mortgages, and Exchangeable Senior Notes, in addition to associated interest payments, as of December 31, 2014 are as follows:
Unsecured Debt | Mortgage Notes Payable | Exchangeable Senior Notes | Interest Payments | Total | ||||||||||||||||
2015 | $ | - | $ | 3,877 | $ | - | $ | 19,277 | $ | 23,154 | ||||||||||
2016 | - | 12,441 | - | 19,020 | 31,461 | |||||||||||||||
2017 | - | 19,097 | - | 17,909 | 37,006 | |||||||||||||||
2018 | - | 31,977 | - | 16,318 | 48,295 | |||||||||||||||
2019 | 200,000 | 3,067 | 115,000 | 9,941 | 328,008 | |||||||||||||||
Thereafter | - | 87,602 | - | 14,201 | 101,803 | |||||||||||||||
Below market interest | - | - | - | (3,581 | ) | (3,581 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total | $ | 200,000 | $ | 158,061 | $ | 115,000 | $ | 93,085 | $ | 566,146 |
During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company capitalized $67 and $94, respectively, of interest associated with redevelopment activities.
7. Leasing Agreements
The Company’s properties are leased to tenants under operating leases with expiration dates extending through the year 2032. These leases generally contain rent increases and renewal options.
Future minimum rental revenues under non-cancelable leases excluding reimbursements for operating expenses as of December 31, 2014 are as follows:
Operating Leases | ||||
2015 | $ | 90,851 | ||
2016 | 92,291 | |||
2017 | 91,610 | |||
2018 | 92,212 | |||
2019 | 88,183 | |||
Thereafter | 488,660 | |||
Total minimum lease rental income | $ | 943,807 |
8. Transactions with Director Related Entities and Related Parties
The Company’s CEO, Gordon F. DuGan, is on the board of directors of the Gramercy European Property Fund and has committed approximately $1,500 (€1,250) in capital to the Gramercy European Property Fund. The two Managing Directors of Gramercy Europe Asset Management have collectively committed approximately $1,500 (€1,250) in capital to the Gramercy European Property Fund. Foreign currency commitments have been converted into U.S. dollars based on (i) the foreign exchange rate at the closing date for completed transactions and (ii) the exchange rate that prevailed on December 31, 2014, in the case of unfunded commitments.
Three of the properties the Company closed on subsequent to December 31, 2014, which comprised an aggregate 450,000 square feet and are located in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, were acquired from affiliates of KTR Capital Partners, or KTR, a private industrial real estate investment company, for which one of the Company’s directors serves as Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board.
The Chief Executive Officer of SL Green Realty Corp. (NYSE: SLG), or SL Green, was one of the Company’s directors until September 30, 2014, when he resigned. The Company did not have a disagreement with Mr. Holliday on any matter relating to its operations, policies or practices. In recognition of his service, the Company’s board of directors ratably vested 1,125 of the 1,500 shares of its common stock granted to Mr. Holliday in January 2014.
113 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
In June 2013, the Company signed a lease agreement with 521 Fifth Fee Owner LLC, an affiliate of SL Green, for new corporate office space located at 521 Fifth Avenue, 30th Floor, New York, New York. The lease commenced in September 2013, following the completion of certain improvements to the space. The lease is for approximately 6,580 square feet and expires in 2023 with rents of approximately $368 per annum for year one rising to $466 per annum in year ten. The Company paid $368 under the lease for the year ended December 31, 2014.
From May 2005 through September 2013, the Company was party to a lease agreement with SLG Graybar Sublease LLC, an affiliate of SL Green, for its previous corporate offices at 420 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York. In September 2013, concurrently with the commencement of the lease for the new corporate offices at 521 Fifth Avenue, the Company cancelled the lease for its corporate office at 420 Lexington Avenue.
9. Deferred Costs
Deferred costs at December 31, 2014 and 2013 consisted of the following:
2014 | 2013 | |||||||
Deferred financing costs | $ | 9,556 | $ | 3,819 | ||||
Deferred acquisition costs | 2,630 | 2,630 | ||||||
Deferred leasing costs | 77 | - | ||||||
12,263 | 6,449 | |||||||
Accumulated amortization | (1,908 | ) | (634 | ) | ||||
$ | 10,355 | $ | 5,815 |
The Company’s deferred financing costs primarily relate to its financing arrangements, including its Term Loan, Unsecured Credit Facility, Exchangeable Senior Notes, previous Secured Credit Facility, and mortgage notes assumed in connection with property acquisitions. These costs are amortized on a straight-line or effective interest basis to interest expense over on the contractual term of the related financing.
The Company’s deferred acquisition costs include lease inducement fees paid to secure acquisitions and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the related lease term.
The Company’s deferred leasing costs include direct costs, such as lease commissions, incurred to initiate and renew operating leases and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the related lease term.
10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company discloses fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the financial statements, for which it is practicable to estimate that value. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based upon the application of discount rates to estimated future cash flows based upon market yields or by using other valuation methodologies. Considerable judgment is necessary to interpret market data and develop estimated fair value. Accordingly, fair values are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could realize on disposition of the financial instruments. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on estimated fair value amounts.
In connection with the Company’s disposal of Gramercy Finance and the subsequent exit from the commercial real estate finance business, more fully described in Note 3, “Dispositions and Assets Held for Sale,” for the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company recorded impairment charges of $882 on its loan investments, CMBS investments, and real estate held by the CDOs as a result of the reclassification of all loan investments and real estate held by the CDOs as held for sale and the inability to express the intent to hold impaired CMBS investments until amortized cost is recovered. In connection with the disposal of Gramercy Finance, the Company also recorded recurring and non-recurring fair value measurements as of the date of disposal for certain financial instruments before derecognition.
114 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
The following table presents the carrying value in the financial statements and approximate fair value of financial instruments at December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013:
December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 | |||||||||||||||
Carrying Value | Fair Value | Carrying Value | Fair Value | |||||||||||||
Financial assets: | ||||||||||||||||
Retained CDO Bonds (1), (2) | $ | 4,293 | $ | 4,293 | $ | 6,762 | $ | 6,762 | ||||||||
Marketable securities (3) | $ | 165,001 | $ | 165,001 | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||
Financial liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||
Derivative instruments | $ | 3,189 | $ | 3,189 | $ | 187 | $ | 187 | ||||||||
Contingent value rights (4) | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 115 | $ | 115 | ||||||||
Long term debt | ||||||||||||||||
Term Loan (2) | $ | 200,000 | $ | 199,997 | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||
Unsecured Credit Facility (2) | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||
Secured Credit Facility (2) | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 45,000 | $ | 45,297 | ||||||||
Mortgage notes payable (2) | $ | 161,642 | $ | 165,907 | $ | 122,180 | $ | 123,349 | ||||||||
Exchangeable Senior Notes (2) | $ | 107,836 | $ | 116,064 | $ | - | $ | - |
(1) | Retained CDO Bonds represent the CDOs’ subordinate bonds, preferred shares, and ordinary shares, which were retained subsequent to the disposal of Gramercy Finance and were previously eliminated in consolidation. |
(2) | Long term debt instruments are classified as Level III due to the significance of unobservable inputs which are based upon management assumptions. |
(3) | Marketable securities represent the Company’s investment in U.S. treasury securities, which are classified in cash and cash equivalents on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. |
(4) | Pursuant to the Company’s private placement of equity in October 2013, the Company entered into the CVR Agreements with purchasers of the Company’s common stock in that offering, which are discussed more fully in Note 11. |
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate the value:
Cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, accrued interest, and accounts payable: These balances in the Consolidated Financial Statements reasonably approximate their fair values due to the short maturities of these items.
Retained CDO Bonds: Non-investment grade, subordinate CDO bonds, preferred shares and ordinary shares are presented on the Consolidated Financial Statements at fair value. The fair value is determined by an internally developed discounted cash flow model.
Derivative instruments: The Company’s derivative instruments, which are primarily comprised of interest rate caps and interest rate swap agreements, are carried at fair value in the Consolidated Financial Statements based upon third-party valuations.
Contingent value rights: The Company’s contingent value rights were presented at fair value on the Consolidated Financial Statements based upon valuation using the Black Scholes model.
Mortgage notes payable, Term Loan, Unsecured Credit Facility, and Secured Credit Facility: These instruments are presented in the Consolidated Financial Statements at amortized cost and not at fair value. The fair value of each instrument is estimated by a discounted cash flows model, using discount rates that best reflect current market rates for financings with similar characteristics and credit quality.
115 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Exchangeable Senior Notes: The Exchangeable Senior Notes are presented at amortized cost on the Consolidated Financial Statements. The fair value is determined based upon a discounted cash-flow methodology using discount rates that best reflect current market rates for instruments with similar with characteristics and credit quality.
Disclosure about fair value of financial instruments is based on pertinent information available to the Company at the reporting date. Although the Company is not aware of any factors that would significantly affect the reasonable fair value amounts, such amounts have not been comprehensively revalued for the purpose of these financial statements since December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, and current estimates of fair value may differ significantly from the amounts presented herein.
Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are categorized in the table below based upon the lowest level of significant input to the valuations.
At December 31, 2014 | Total | Level I | Level II | Level III | ||||||||||||
Financial Assets: | ||||||||||||||||
Retained CDO Bonds: | ||||||||||||||||
Non-investment grade, subordinate CDO bonds | $ | 4,293 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 4,293 | ||||||||
Marketable securities: | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities | 165,001 | 165,001 | - | - | ||||||||||||
$ | 169,294 | $ | 165,001 | $ | - | $ | 4,293 | |||||||||
Financial Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||
Derivative instruments: | ||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps | $ | 3,189 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 3,189 | ||||||||
$ | 3,189 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 3,189 |
At December 31, 2013 | Total | Level I | Level II | Level III | ||||||||||||
Financial Assets: | ||||||||||||||||
Retained CDO Bonds: | ||||||||||||||||
Non-investment grade, subordinate CDO bonds | $ | 6,762 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 6,762 | ||||||||
$ | 6,762 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 6,762 | |||||||||
Financial Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||
Derivative instruments: | ||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps | $ | 187 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 187 | ||||||||
Contingent value rights | 115 | - | - | 115 | ||||||||||||
$ | 302 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 302 |
Derivative instruments: Interest rate swaps and caps are valued with the assistance of a third-party derivative specialist, who uses a combination of observable market-based inputs, such as interest rate curves, and unobservable inputs which require significant judgment such as the credit valuation adjustments due to the risk of non-performance by both the Company and its counterparties. The fair valuation of derivative instruments is most sensitive to the credit valuation adjustment as all or a portion of the credit valuation adjustment may be reversed or otherwise adjusted in future periods in the event of changes in the credit risk of the Company or its counterparties. Fair values of the Company’s derivative instruments, such as the CVR investments, were valued using a Black-Scholes model. Fair value of the Company’s embedded exchange option is determined using a probabilistic valuation model with the assistance of third-party valuation specialists.
116 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Total gains or (losses) from derivatives for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 were ($3,002) and $9,914, respectively, in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). On March 15, 2013, the date of disposal of Gramercy Finance, the Company reclassified the amounts out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and derecognized the derivative instruments. During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement and did not enter into any new interest rate caps.
Retained CDO Bonds: Retained CDO Bonds are valued on a recurring basis using an internally developed discounted cash flow model. Management estimates the timing and amount of cash flows expected to be collected and applies a discount rate equal to the yield that the Company would expect to pay for similar securities with similar risks at the valuation date. Future expected cash flows generated by management require significant assumptions and judgment regarding the expected resolution of the underlying collateral, which includes loans and other lending investments, real estate investments, and CMBS. The resolution of the underlying collateral requires further management assumptions regarding capitalization rates, lease-up periods, future occupancy rates, market rental rates, holding periods, capital improvements, net property operating income, timing of workouts and recoveries, loan loss severities and other factors. The models are most sensitive to the unobservable inputs such as the timing of a loan default or property sale and the severity of loan losses. Significant increases (decreases) in any of those inputs in isolation as well as any change in the expected timing of those inputs would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. Due to the inherent uncertainty in the determination of fair value, the Company has designated its Retained CDO Bonds as Level III.
Quantitative information regarding the valuation techniques and the range of significant unobservable Level III inputs used to determine fair value measurements on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2014 are:
At December 31, 2014 | ||||||||||||
Financial Asset or Liability | Fair Value | Valuation Technique | Unobservable Inputs | Range | ||||||||
Non-investment grade, subordinate CDO bonds | $ | 4,293 | Discounted cash flows | Discount rate | 20.00% | |||||||
Interest rate swaps | $ | 3,189 | Hypothetical derivative method | Credit borrowing spread | 150 to 250 basis points |
The following roll forward table reconciles the beginning and ending balances of financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level III inputs:
Retained CDO Bonds | ||||
Balance as of December 31, 2013 | $ | 6,762 | ||
Amortization of discounts or premiums | 1,595 | |||
Adjustments to fair value: | ||||
Included in other comprehensive income | 752 | |||
Other-than-temporary impairments | (4,816 | ) | ||
Balance as of December 31, 2014 | $ | 4,293 |
117 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
The following roll forward table reconciles the beginning and ending balances of financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level III inputs:
Derivative Instruments | ||||
Balance as of December 31, 2013 | $ | 302 | ||
Embedded exchange option | 8,311 | |||
Transfer of embedded exchange option to stockholders' equity | (11,726 | ) | ||
Expiration of Contingent Value Rights | (115 | ) | ||
Adjustments to fair value: | ||||
Realized loss on derivative instruments | 3,415 | |||
Unrealized loss on derivatives | 3,002 | |||
Balance as of December 31, 2014 | $ | 3,189 |
Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis
The Company did not measure any of its financial instruments on a non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2014 or December 31, 2013.
11. Derivative Instruments
The Company recognizes all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. Derivatives that are not hedges must be adjusted to fair value through income. If a derivative is a hedge, depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative will either be offset against the change in fair value of the hedged asset, liability or firm commitment through earnings, or recognized in other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative’s change in fair value will be immediately recognized in earnings. Derivative accounting may increase or decrease reported net income and stockholders’ equity prospectively, depending on future levels of LIBOR interest rates and other variables affecting the fair values of derivative instruments and hedged items, but will have no effect on cash flows, provided the contract is carried through to full term.
The following table summarizes the notional and fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments at December 31, 2014. The notional value is an indication of the extent of the Company’s involvement in this instrument at that time, but does not represent exposure to credit, interest rate or market risks:
Benchmark | Notional | Strike | Effective | Expiration | Fair | |||||||||||||||||||
Rate | Value | Rate | Date | Date | Value | |||||||||||||||||||
Assets of Non-VIEs: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate Swap | 1 mo. USD-LIBOR-BBA | $ | 15,782 | 4.55 | % | 12/19/13 | 12/19/20 | $ | (620 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Interest Rate Swap | 1 mo. USD-LIBOR-BBA | 200,000 | 1.82 | % | 09/09/14 | 06/09/19 | (2,569 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Total derivatives | $ | 215,782 | $ | (3,189 | ) |
The Company is hedging exposure to variability in future interest payments on its debt facilities. At December 31, 2014, derivative instruments were reported at their fair value as a net liability of $3,189. No gain or loss was recognized with respect to hedge ineffectiveness or to amounts excluded from ineffectiveness for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012. At December 31, 2013, derivative instruments were reported at their fair value as a net liability of $302. Over time, the realized and unrealized gains and losses held in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) will be reclassified into earnings in the same periods in which the hedged interest payments affect earnings. During the next 12 months, the Company expects that $3,278 will be reclassified from other comprehensive income as an increase in interest expense.
118 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
12. Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
The Company’s authorized capital stock consists of 250,000,000 shares, $0.001 par value per share, of which the Company is authorized to issue up to 220,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, 25,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share, and 5,000,000 shares of excess stock, $0.001 par value per share. As of December 31, 2014, 186,945,569 shares of common stock, 3,500,000 shares of preferred stock and no shares of excess stock were issued and outstanding, respectively.
In December 2014, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 59,800,000 shares of its common stock, which includes the exercise in full by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to 7,800,000 additional shares of common stock. The shares of common stock were issued at a public offering price of $5.90 per share and the net proceeds from the offering were approximately $336,073, after expenses.
In May 2014, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 46,000,000 shares of its common stock, which includes the exercise in full by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to 6,000,000 additional shares of common stock. The shares of common stock were issued at a public offering price of $4.98 per share and the net proceeds from the offering were approximately $218,224, after expenses.
In October 2013, the Company entered into a common stock purchase agreement and related joinder agreements, or the Purchase Agreement, for the issuance of 11,535,200 shares of common stock at a purchase price of $4.11 per share, raising net proceeds of $45,520, to various purchasers in a private placement. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, each purchaser agreed that it would not, without the prior written consent of the Company, offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose any or all of the common stock purchased until March 25, 2014, or the Lock-Up Period. During the Lock-Up Period, if the Company issued common stock or securities convertible into common stock (except for certain permitted issuances), then the purchasers would have the ability to: (1) purchase their pro rata portion of all or any part of the new issuance, and (2) elect the benefit of any different terms provided to the new investors. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company entered into CVR Agreements with the Purchasers at the closing of the sale of common stock in the Private Placement which are discussed in more detail in Note 10. The CVR Agreements expired on March 25, 2014 with no value.
The shares of common stock sold in the Private Placement were offered and sold pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements under Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933. The purchasers were accredited investors as defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933. Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC acted as the placement agent in connection with the Private Placement.
The Company issued to KBS Acquisition Sub-Owner 2, LLC (i) 2,000,000 shares of common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share; (ii) 2,000,000 shares of Class B-1 non-voting common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share; and (iii) 2,000,000 shares of Class B-2 non-voting common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share on December 6, 2012. The shares were issued as consideration for the Company’s contribution to the joint venture with Garrison in connection with the acquisition of the Bank of America Portfolio on the same date and were valued at $2.75 which was the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on the day prior. Each share of the Class B-1 common stock and Class B-2 common stock will be convertible into one share of the Company’s common stock at the option of the holder at any time on or after September 5, 2013 and December 6, 2013, respectively. During 2013, all Class B-1 and Class B-2 common stock was converted into an equal amount of shares of the Company’s common stock. In December, 2013, the Company filed an articles supplementary to its charter to reclassify 2,000,000 authorized shares of Class B-1 common stock and 2,000,000 authorized shares of Class B-2 common stock into the same number of authorized but unissued shares of the Company’s common stock. The reclassification (i) increased the number of shares of common stock from 96,000,000 shares immediately prior to the reclassification to 100,000,000 shares of common stock immediately after the reclassification; (ii) decreased the number of shares classified as Class B-1 Common Stock from 2,000,000 shares immediately prior to the reclassification to no shares immediately after the reclassification; and (iii) decreased the number of shares classified as Class B-2 Common Stock from 2,000,000 shares immediately prior to the reclassification to no shares immediately after the reclassification.
119 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
At-The-Market Equity Offering Program
In September 2014, the Company, along with the Operating Partnership, entered into an “at-the-market” equity offering program, or ATM Program, to issue an aggregate of up to $100,000 of the Company's common stock. During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company sold 7,712,046 shares of its common stock through the ATM Program for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $45,280, or $44,302 of net proceeds after related expenses. The net proceeds from these offerings were used to fund new investments and for other operating purposes. As of December 31, 2014, the Company has $54,720 available to issue under the ATM Program.
Preferred Stock
At December 31, 2014, the Company has 3,500,000 of its 7.125% Series B Preferred Stock, or Series B Preferred Stock, outstanding with a mandatory liquidation preference of $25.00 per share. Holders of the Series B Preferred Stock are entitled to receive annual dividends of $1.78125 per share on a quarterly basis and dividends are cumulative, subject to certain provisions. On or after August 15, 2019, the Company can, at its option, redeem the Series B Preferred Stock at par for cash. In August 2014, the Company received $81,638 in net proceeds after expenses upon issuance.
In September 2014, the Company redeemed all of the outstanding shares of its 8.125% Series A Preferred Stock, or Series A Preferred Stock, at a redemption price of $25.32161 per share, equal to the sum of the $25.00 per share redemption price of the stock and a quarterly dividend of $0.32161 prorated to the redemption date of September 12, 2014. The 8.125% Series A Preferred Stock was replaced by the Series B Preferred Stock. As a result of the redemption, the Company recorded a $2,912 charge to the Consolidated Statements of Operations equal to the excess of the $25.00 per share liquidation preference over the carrying value as of the redemption date.
Holders of the Series A Preferred Stock were entitled to receive annual dividends of $2.03125 per share on a quarterly basis and dividends were cumulative, subject to certain provisions. As of December 31, 2013, the Company accrued Series A Preferred Stock dividends of $37,600. In December 2013, the Company’s board of directors authorized and the Company declared a “catch-up” dividend in the amount of $10.23524 per share of its 8.125% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, representing all accrued and unpaid dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock for the period October 1, 2008, through and including October 14, 2013. In December 2013, the Company’s board of directors also authorized and the Company declared a Series A Preferred Stock quarterly dividend payment in the amount of $0.50781 per share, for the period October 15, 2013, through and including January 14, 2014. Both the accrued dividend and the quarterly dividend were paid to holders of the Series A Preferred Stock of record as of the close of business on December 31, 2013.
Equity Incentive Plans
As part of the Company’s initial public offering, the Company instituted its Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2004 Equity Incentive Plan. The 2004 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended, authorizes (i) the grant of stock options that qualify as incentive stock options under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code, or ISOs, (ii) the grant of stock options that do not qualify, or NQSOs, (iii) the grant of stock options in lieu of cash directors’ fees, or collectively the Options, and (iv) grants of shares of restricted and unrestricted common stock. The exercise price of Options will be determined by the compensation committee, but may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the shares of common stock on the date of grant. At December 31, 2014, 1,911,764 shares of common stock were available for issuance under the 2004 Equity Incentive Plan. The 2004 Equity Incentive Plan expired by its terms in July 2014, the ten-year anniversary of adoption of the Plan by the Company’s board of directors.
Through December 31, 2014, 2,065,015 restricted shares had been issued under the 2004 Equity Incentive Plan, of which 83% have vested. Except for certain performance based awards, the vested and unvested shares are currently entitled to receive distributions on common stock if declared by the Company. Holders of restricted shares are prohibited from selling such shares until they vest but are provided the ability to vote such shares beginning on the date of grant. Compensation expense of $743, $579, and $958 was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012, respectively, related to the issuance of restricted shares. Compensation expense of $2,250 will be recorded over the course of the next 38 months representing the remaining weighted average vesting period of equity awards issued under the 2004 Equity Incentive Plan as of December 31, 2014. Certain of the Company’s awards are subject to performance vesting conditions which were determined in March 2013 and are assessed on a quarterly basis.
120 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Options granted under the 2004 Equity Incentive Plan to recipients who are employees of Gramercy are exercisable at the fair market value on the date of grant and, subject to termination of employment, expire ten years from the date of grant, are not transferable other than on death, and are exercisable in three to four annual installments commencing one year from the date of grant. The Company issues new shares upon the exercise of vested Options. In some instances, Options may be granted under the 2004 Equity Incentive Plan to persons who provide significant services to the Company but are not employees of the Company. Options granted to recipients that are not employees have the same terms as those issued to employees except as it relates to any performance-based provisions within the grant. To the extent there are performance provisions associated with a grant to a recipient who is not an employee, an estimated expense related to these Options is recognized over the vesting period and the final expense is reconciled at the point performance has been met, or the measurement date. If no performance based provision exists, the Company recognizes compensation expense over the vesting period on a straight line basis.
A summary of the status of the Company’s Options as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are presented below:
December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 | December 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Options Outstanding | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Options Outstanding | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Options Outstanding | Weighted Average Exercise Price | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance at beginning of period | 341,081 | $ | 14.70 | 360,251 | $ | 16.14 | 565,026 | $ | 17.25 | |||||||||||||||
Granted | 30,000 | 5.79 | 30,000 | 3.05 | 25,000 | 2.50 | ||||||||||||||||||
Exercised | (30,000 | ) | 3.02 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
Lapsed or cancelled | (134,179 | ) | 18.23 | (49,170 | ) | 22.49 | (229,775 | ) | 16.83 | |||||||||||||||
Balance at end of period | 206,902 | $ | 12.82 | 341,081 | $ | 14.70 | 360,251 | $ | 16.14 |
For the year ended December 31, 2014, all Options were granted with a price of $5.79. The remaining weighted average contractual life of the Options was 4.7 years. Compensation expense of $53, $51 and $29 was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, related to the issuance of Options.
In July 2012, the Company adopted the 2012 Outperformance Plan in connection with the hiring of Gordon F. DuGan, Benjamin P. Harris, and Nicholas L. Pell, who joined the Company on July 1, 2012 as Chief Executive Officer, President and Managing Director, respectively. Pursuant to the 2012 Outperformance Plan, the Company granted equity awards to these executives in the form of a class of limited partnership interests in the Company’s Operating Partnership, or LTIP Units. LTIP Units are structured to quality as “profits interests” for federal income tax purposes and do not have full parity, on a per unit basis, with the Class A limited partnership interests in the Company or its Operating Partnership with respect to liquidating distributions. Pursuant to the 2012 Outperformance Plan, these executives, in the aggregate, may earn up to $20,000 of LTIP Units based on the Company’s common stock price appreciation over a four-year performance period ending June 30, 2016. The amount of LTIP Units earned under the 2012 Outperformance Plan will range from $4,000 if the Company’s common stock price equals a minimum hurdle of $5.00 per share (less any dividends paid during the performance period) to $20,000 if the Company’s common stock price equals or exceeds $9.00 per share (less any dividends paid during the performance period) at the end of the performance period. In the event that the performance hurdles are not met on a vesting date, the award scheduled to vest on that vesting date may vest on a subsequent vesting date if the common stock price hurdle is met as of such subsequent vesting date. The executives will not earn any LTIP Units under the 2012 Outperformance Plan to the extent that the Company’s common stock price is less than the minimum hurdle. During the performance period, the executives may earn up to 12%, 24% and 36% of the maximum amount under the 2012 Outperformance Plan at the end of the first, second and third years, respectively, of the performance period if the Company’s common stock price has equaled or exceeded the stock price hurdles as of the end of such years. If the minimum stock price hurdle is met as of the end of any such year, the actual amount earned will range on a sliding scale from 20% of the maximum amount that may be earned as of such date (at the minimum stock price hurdle) to 100% of the maximum amount that may be earned as of such date (at the maximum stock price hurdle). Any LTIP Units earned under the 2012 Outperformance Plan will remain subject to vesting, with 50% of any LTIP Units earned vesting on June 30, 2016 and the remaining 50% vesting on June 30, 2017 based, in each case, on continued employment through the vesting date. The LTIP Units issued in July 2012 in connection with the hiring of new executives had a fair value of $1,870 on the date of grant, which was calculated in accordance with ASC 718.
121 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
In March 2013, the Company granted four senior officers equity awards pursuant to the 2012 Outperformance Plan in the form of LTIP Units having an aggregate maximum value of $4,000, and a fair value of $845, which was calculated in accordance with ASC 718. The Company used a probabilistic valuation approach to estimate the inherent uncertainty that the LTIP Units may have with respect to the Company’s common stock. Compensation expense of $588, $555, and $210 was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012 for the 2012 Outperformance Plan. Compensation expense of $1,353 will be recorded over the course of the next 24 months, representing the remaining weighted average vesting period of the LTIP Units as of December 31, 2014.
In March 2013, the Company granted to four senior officers of the Company pursuant to the 2004 Equity Incentive Plan a total of 115,000 time-based restricted stock awards and 345,000 performance-based restricted stock units. The time-based awards vest in five equal annual installments commencing December 15, 2013, subject to continued employment. Vesting of the performance-based units requires, in addition to continued employment over a 5-year period, achievement of absolute increases in either the Company’s stock price or an adjusted funds from operations (as defined by the Company’s compensation committee).
In connection with the equity awards made to Messrs. DuGan, Harris and Pell in connection with the Company’s hiring of these executives, the Company adopted the 2012 Inducement Equity Incentive Plan, or the Inducement Plan. Under the Inducement Plan, the Company may grant equity awards for up to 4,500,000 shares of common stock pursuant to the employment inducement award exemption provided by the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company Manual. The Inducement Plan permits the Company to issue a variety of equity awards, including stock options, restricted stock, phantom shares, dividend equivalent rights and other equity-based awards. All of the shares available under the Inducement Plan were issued or reserved for issuance to Messrs. DuGan, Harris and Pell in connection with the equity awards made upon the commencement of their employment with the Company. Equity awards issued under the Inducement Plan had a fair value of $6,125 on the date of grant which was calculated in accordance with ASC 718. Compensation expense of $1,148, $766, and $383 was recorded for years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012, respectively, for the 2012 Inducement Equity Incentive Plan. Compensation expense of $3,828 will be recorded over the course of the next 18 months representing the remaining weighted average vesting period of equity awards issued under the Inducement Plan as of December 31, 2014.
The Company had previously issued LTIP Units to both the former Chief Executive Officer and the former President. During 2011, the Company entered into an amendment to the LTIP Unit award agreement with these executives to cancel the vesting schedule of outstanding LTIP Units in the Partnership and grant a new vesting schedule with respect to such LTIP Units. The new vesting schedule provided for 50% of each executive's LTIP Units to vest on June 30, 2012 subject to continued employment and an additional 50% of each executive's LTIP Units to vest upon the satisfaction of certain vesting conditions relating to the settlement of the Company's Gramercy Finance business. Compensation expense of $0, $0 and $401 was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, related to the issuance and modification of LTIP Units.
In May 2014, the Company granted 190,477 shares of restricted stock to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Gordon F. DuGan, to recognize his strong performance leading the Company in 2013, during which the Company achieved a number of important repositioning milestones. The restricted stocks awards vest on the fifth anniversary of the date of grant, subject to Mr. DuGan’s continued employment. The shares of restricted stock are also subject to accelerated vesting in certain circumstances pursuant to Mr. DuGan's employment agreement.
122 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In November 2007, the Company’s board of directors adopted, and the stockholders subsequently approved in June 2008, the 2008 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or ESPP, to provide equity-based incentives to eligible employees. The ESPP is intended to qualify as an “employee stock purchase plan” under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and has been adopted by the board to enable the Company’s eligible employees to purchase its shares of common stock through payroll deductions. The ESPP became effective on January 1, 2008 with a maximum of 250,000 shares of the common stock available for issuance, subject to adjustment upon a merger, reorganization, stock split or other similar corporate change. The Company filed a registration statement on Form S-8 with the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to the ESPP. The common stock is offered for purchase through a series of successive offering periods. Each offering period will be three months in duration and will begin on the first day of each calendar quarter, with the first offering period having commenced on January 1, 2008. The ESPP provides for eligible employees to purchase the common stock at a purchase price equal to 85% of the lesser of (1) the market value of the common stock on the first day of the offering period or (2) the market value of the common stock on the last day of the offering period.
Deferred Stock Compensation Plan for Directors
Under the Company’s Independent Director’s Deferral Program, which commenced April 2005 and was amended and restated in December 2014, the Company’s independent directors may elect to defer up to 100% of their annual retainer fee, chairman fees and meeting fees. Unless otherwise elected by a participant, fees deferred under the program shall be credited in the form of phantom stock units. The phantom stock units are convertible into an equal number of shares of common stock upon such directors’ termination of service from the board of directors or a change in control by the Company, as defined by the program. Phantom stock units are credited to each independent director quarterly using the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the applicable dividend record date for the respective quarter. If dividends are declared by the Company, each participating independent director who elects to receive fees in the form of phantom stock units has the option to have their account credited for an equivalent amount of phantom stock units based on the dividend rate for each quarter or have dividends paid in cash.
As of December 31, 2014, there were approximately 592,285 phantom stock units outstanding, of which 580,851 units are vested.
Earnings per Share
The Company has adopted the two-class computation method, and thus includes all participating securities in the computation of basic shares for the periods in which the Company has net income available to common shareholders. A participating security is defined as an unvested share-based payment award containing non-forfeitable rights to dividends regardless of whether or not the awards ultimately vest or expire. Net losses are not allocated to participating securities unless the holder has a contractual obligation to share in the losses.
123 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are computed as follows:
For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
Numerator - Income (loss): | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 55,193 | $ | (8,172 | ) | $ | (18,341 | ) | ||||
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | (524 | ) | 392,999 | (153,207 | ) | |||||||
Net income (loss) | 54,669 | 384,827 | (171,548 | ) | ||||||||
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | 236 | - | - | |||||||||
Preferred stock redemption costs | (2,912 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Preferred stock dividends | (7,349 | ) | (7,162 | ) | (7,162 | ) | ||||||
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders | $ | 44,644 | $ | 377,665 | $ | (178,710 | ) | |||||
Denominator - Weighted average shares: | ||||||||||||
Weighted average basic shares outstanding | 104,811,814 | 61,500,847 | 51,976,462 | |||||||||
Effect of dilutive securities: | ||||||||||||
Unvested share based payment awards | 1,259,950 | - | - | |||||||||
Options | 52,415 | - | - | |||||||||
Phantom stock units | 592,284 | - | - | |||||||||
OP Units | 1,033,877 | - | - | |||||||||
Diluted Shares | 107,750,340 | 61,500,847 | 51,976,462 |
Diluted income (loss) per share assumes the conversion of all common share equivalents into an equivalent number of common shares if the effect is not anti-dilutive. Options were computed using the treasury share method. The Company only includes the effect of the excess conversion premium in the calculation of diluted earnings per share. As the Company has the intent and ability to settle the debt component of the Exchangeable Senior Notes in cash and the excess conversion premium in shares. The weighted average price of the Company’s common stock was below the exchange price of $6.19 and therefore the effect of the excess conversion premium was excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because it is anti-dilutive.
For the year ended December 31, 2013, 51,412 share options, 678,784 unvested share based payment awards, and 534,038 phantom share units were computed using the treasury share method, which due to the net loss from continuing operations were anti-dilutive. For the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company excluded unvested restricted stock awards of 678,784 from its weighted average basic shares outstanding due to the net loss from continuing operations during the period.
For the year ended December 31, 2012, 16,362 share options, 1,383,388 unvested share based payment awards, and 462,102 phantom share units were computed using the treasury share method, which due to the net loss from continuing operations were anti-dilutive. For the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company excluded unvested restricted stock awards of 1,383,388 from its weighted average basic shares outstanding due to the net loss from continuing operations during the period.
124 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 is comprised of the following:
As of December 31, | ||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 (1) | 2012 | ||||||||||
Net unrealized gain (loss) on debt securities | $ | (3,189 | ) | $ | (1,219 | ) | $ | 84,691 | ||||
Net unrealized loss on derivative instruments | (466 | ) | (186 | ) | (179,956 | ) | ||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments | (48 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | $ | (3,703 | ) | $ | (1,405 | ) | $ | (95,265 | ) |
(1) | The Company reclassified unrealized gains on CMBS of $107,774 for the year ended December 31, 2013 into net income as a component of the gain on disposal of Gramercy Finance on the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The Company also reclassified the unamortized fair value of terminated swaps previously designated as cash flow hedges of $6,359 into net income as a component of the gain on disposal of Gramercy Finance on the Consolidated Statement of Operations. |
13. Benefit Plans
In June 2009, the Company implemented a 401(k) Savings/Retirement Plan, or the 401(k) Plan, to cover eligible employees of the Company, and any designated affiliate. The 401(k) Plan permits eligible employees to defer up to 15% of their annual compensation, subject to certain limitations imposed by the Internal Revenue Code. The employees’ elective deferrals are immediately vested and non-forfeitable. The 401(k) Plan provides for discretionary matching contributions by the Company. Except for the 401(k) Plan, at December 31, 2014, the Company did not maintain a defined benefit pension plan, post-retirement health and welfare plan or other benefit plans. The expense associated with the Company’s matching contribution was $229, $156 and $227 for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
14. Noncontrolling Interest
Noncontrolling interests represent the common units of limited partnership interest, or OP Units, in the Company’s Operating Partnership not held by the Company. OP Units may be redeemed for one share of the Company’s common stock. The redemption rights are outside of the Company’s control, and thus the OP Units are classified as a component of temporary equity and are shown in the mezzanine equity section of the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company is party by assumption to a registration rights agreement with the holders of the OP Units that requires us, subject to the terms and conditions and certain exceptions set forth therein, to file and maintain a registration statement relating to the issuance of shares of its common stock upon redemption of OP Units.
Common Units of Limited Partnership Interest in the Operating Partnership
On July 31, 2014, the Company issued 3,778,405 OP Units in connection with the acquisition of three properties during the third quarter of 2014. Each OP Unit may be redeemed at the election of the holder for cash equal to the then fair market value of a share of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, except that the Company may, at its election, acquire each OP Unit for one share of the Company’s common stock. The OP Unit holders do not have any obligation to provide additional contributions to the partnership, nor do they have any decision making powers or control over the Operating Partnership’s business. The OP Unit holders do not have voting rights; however, they are entitled to receive dividends.
As of December 31, 2014, the noncontrolling interest unit holders owned 2,337,551 OP Units, representing an interest of approximately 1.23% in the Company’s Operating Partnership. At December 31, 2014, 2,337,551 shares of the Company’s common stock were reserved for issuance upon redemption of units of limited partnership interest of the Operating Partnership.
125 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
OP Units are recorded at the greater of cost basis or fair market value based on the closing stock price of the Company’s common stock at the end of the reporting period. As of December 31, 2014, the value of the OP units was $16,129. The Company attributes a portion of its net income (loss) during each reporting period to noncontrolling interest based on the percentage ownership of OP Unit holders relative to the Company’s total outstanding shares of common stock and OP Units. The Company recognizes changes in fair value in the OP Units through retained earnings, however decreases in fair value are recognized only to the extent that increases to the amount in temporary equity were previously recorded. The Company’s diluted earnings per share includes the effect of any potential shares outstanding from redemption of the OP Units.
There were no noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership as of December 31, 2013. Below is the rollforward of the activity relating to the noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership as of December 31, 2014:
Noncontrolling Interest | ||||
Balance as of December 31, 2013 | $ | - | ||
Issuance of noncontrolling interests in the operating partnership | 22,670 | |||
Redemption of noncontrolling interests in the operating partnership | (8,738 | ) | ||
Net loss attribution | (236 | ) | ||
Fair value adjustments | 2,636 | |||
Dividends | (203 | ) | ||
Balance as of December 31, 2014 | $ | 16,129 |
15. Commitments and Contingencies
Funding Commitments
The Company is obligated under certain tenant leases, to construct the underlying leased property or fund tenant expansions. As of December 31, 2014, the Company has three outstanding commitments: (1) the contribution of $1,500 towards tenant improvements on a warehouse/industrial property in Garland, Texas, of which the unfunded amounts were estimated to be $429; (2) the expansion of a property located in Olive Branch, Mississippi, whereby the tenant has a one-time option to expand the building by 250,000 square feet; and (3) the expansion of a property located in Logan Township, New Jersey, whereby the tenant has a one-time option to expand the building by 25,000 square feet. The tenants have not noticed the Company for the building expansion options and therefore, no amounts are due and no unfunded amounts have been estimated. The Company fully funded the construction of a 118,000 square foot cold storage facility located in Hialeah Gardens, Florida, during the third quarter of 2014.
The Company has committed approximately $60,490 (€50,000) to the Gramercy European Property Fund, which was formed in December 2014. The Gramercy European Property Fund has a total initial capital commitment of approximately $305,475 (€252,500) from the Company and its investment partners, comprised of $60,490 (€50,000) from the Company, $244,985 (€202,500) from its investment partners, and an additional $120,980 (€100,000) from certain investment partners, not including the Company, after the first $305,475 (€252,500) has been invested. See Note 5, “Joint Ventures and Equity Investments,” for further information on the Gramercy European Property Fund. Foreign currency commitments have been converted into U.S. dollars based on (i) the foreign exchange rate at the closing date for completed transactions and (ii) the exchange rate that prevailed on December 31, 2014, in the case of unfunded commitments.
Legal Proceedings
The Company evaluates litigation contingencies based on information currently available, including the advice of counsel and the assessment of available insurance coverage. The Company will establish accruals for litigation and claims when a loss contingency is considered probable and the related amount is reasonably estimable. The Company will periodically review these contingences which may be adjusted if circumstances change. The outcome of a litigation matter and the amount or range of potential losses at particular points may be difficult to ascertain. If a range of loss is estimated and an amount within such range appears to be a better estimate than any other amount within that range, then that amount is accrued.
126 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
In December 2010, the Company sold its 45% joint venture interest in the leased fee of the 2 Herald Square property in New York, New York, for approximately $25,600 plus assumed mortgage debt of approximately $86,100, or the 2 Herald Sale Transaction. Subsequent to the closing of the transaction, the New York City Department of Finance, or the NYC DOF, and New York State Department of Taxation, or the NYS DOT, issued notices of determination assessing, in the case of the NYC DOF notice, approximately $2,924 of real property transfer tax, plus interest, and, in the case of the NYS DOT notice, approximately $446 of real property transfer tax, plus interest, collectively, the Transfer Tax Assessments, against the Company in connection with the 2 Herald Sale Transaction. The Company believes that NYC DOF and NYS DOT erred in issuing the Transfer Tax Assessments and intends to vigorously defend against same.
In September 2013, the Company filed a petition challenging the NYC DOF Transfer Tax Assessment with the New York City Tax Appeal Tribunal. In July 2014, the Company filed a similar petition challenging the NYS DOT Transfer Tax Assessment. Trial of the Company’s NYC DOF Transfer Tax Assessment appeal was completed in December 2014, and a decision is anticipated in mid-2015. The Company anticipates that its appeal of the NYS DOT Transfer Tax Assessment will be set for trial in late 2015 or early 2016.
The Company believes that it has strong defenses against the Transfer Tax Assessments and intends to continue to vigorously assert same. The Company evaluates contingencies based on information currently available, including the advice of counsel. The Company establishes accruals for litigation and claims when a loss contingency is considered probable and the related amount is reasonably estimable. The Company will periodically review these contingences and may adjust the amount of the accrual if circumstances change. The outcome of a contingent matter and the amount or range of potential losses at particular points may be difficult to ascertain. If a range of loss is estimated and an amount within such range appears to be a better estimate than any other amount within that range, then that amount is accrued. Considering the recent developments as discussed above, as of December 31, 2013, the Company established an accrual of approximately $4,339 within discontinued operations for the Transfer Tax Assessments, which represents the full amount of the assessed tax plus estimated interest and penalties. There was $4,454 accrued as of December 31, 2014 including $271 of additional interest recorded in discontinued operations for the matter for the year ended December 31, 2014.
In connection with the Company’s property acquisitions, the Company has determined that there is a risk it will have to pay future amounts to tenants related to continuing operating expense reimbursement audits. The Company has estimated a range of loss and determined that its best estimate of loss is $7,000, which has been accrued and recorded in other liabilities as of December 31, 2014. The Company has determined that there is a reasonable possibility that a loss may be incurred in excess of $7,000 and estimates this range to be $7,000 to $12,000.
In addition, the Company and/or one or more of its subsidiaries is party to various litigation matters that are considered routine litigation incidental to its business, none of which are considered material.
Office Leases
The Company’s corporate offices at 521 Fifth Avenue, 30th Floor, New York, New York are subject to an operating lease agreement with 521 Fifth Fee Owner, LLC, an affiliate of SL Green, effective as of September 2013. The lease is for approximately 6,580 square feet and expires in 2023 with rents of approximately $368 per annum for year one rising to $466 per annum in year ten.
The Company’s previous corporate offices at 420 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York, were subject to an operating lease agreement with SLG Graybar Sublease LLC, an affiliate of SL Green, effective May 1, 2005, which was subsequently amended in May and June 2009 and in June 2012. In September 2013, concurrently with the commencement of the lease for the new corporate offices at 521 Fifth Avenue, the Company cancelled the lease for its corporate office at 420 Lexington Avenue.
127 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
The Company’s regional management office located at 550 Blair Mill Road, Horsham, Pennsylvania, commenced on May 1, 2014 with an affiliate of KBS. The lease is for approximately 13,000 square feet and expires on April 30, 2018, with rents of approximately $151 per annum for year one rising to $221 per annum in year four. The Company’s previous regional management office at 610 Old York Road, Jenkintown, Pennsylvania, was subject to an operating lease with an affiliate of KBS. The lease was for approximately 19,000 square feet, with rents of approximately $322 per annum, and expired on April 30, 2014.
The Company’s regional management office located at 800 Market Street, St. Louis, Missouri, was subject to an operating lease with St. Louis BOA Plaza, LLC. The lease was for approximately 2,000 square feet and was subject to rents of $32 per annum. The lease had an expiration date of September 30, 2014 and was cancellable with 60 days’ notice. In March 2013, the Company elected the early cancellation option effective in June 2014. In March 2014, the Company entered into a new lease at 130 South Bemiston Ave, Clayton, Missouri. The lease commenced on June 1, 2014 and expires on December 31, 2016, with a renewal option of 12 months. The lease is for approximately 1,100 square feet and is subject to rents of $21 per annum for year one, rising to $22 per annum in year three.
Gramercy Europe Asset Management’s office located at 100 New Bond Street, London W1S 1SP, is subject to an operating lease with Lawnpond Limited. The lease is for the second floor space and is subject to rents of $65 plus value-added tax per annum. The lease had an expiration date of March 4, 2019 with a right to cancel with 30 days’ notice. Lawnpond Limited served notice to terminate the lease effective January 14, 2015. The Company entered into a new operating lease agreement in February 2015 for an office located at 15 Bedford Street, London WC2E 9HE, United Kingdom.
Capital and Operating Ground Leases
The industrial property located in Hamlet, North Carolina, that the Company acquired in December 2014, operates under a ground lease classified as a capital lease. The ground lease has minimal annual rent payments and a term expiration date of May 2039. The Company also has an obligation to purchase the land under the ground lease at fair market value upon termination or expiration of the building or ground lease term. In connection with the ground lease, the Company recorded a capital lease purchase obligation for $260, representing the fair value of the land at acquisition, and will amortize the obligation up to the estimated fair value of the land at the required purchase date by recording periodic amortization into interest expense, using the effective interest method.
Certain properties acquired as part of the Bank of America Portfolio are subject to ground leases, which are accounted for as operating leases. The ground leases have varying ending dates, renewal options and rental rate escalations, with the latest leases extending to June 2053. Future minimum rental payments to be made by the Company under these noncancelable ground leases, excluding increases resulting from increases in the consumer price index, are as follows:
Ground Leases - Operating | Ground Leases - Capital | Total | ||||||||||
2015 | $ | 1,390 | $ | - | $ | 1,390 | ||||||
2016 | 1,317 | - | 1,317 | |||||||||
2017 | 1,314 | - | 1,314 | |||||||||
2018 | 1,314 | - | 1,314 | |||||||||
2019 | 1,307 | - | 1,307 | |||||||||
Thereafter | 42,121 | 329 | 42,450 | |||||||||
Total minimum rent expense | $ | 48,763 | $ | 329 | $ | 49,092 |
The Company incurred rent expense on ground leases of $853, $0, and $0 during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012, respectively.
128 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
16. Income Taxes
The Company has elected to be taxed as a REIT, under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code beginning with its taxable year ended December 31, 2004. To qualify as a REIT, the Company must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90% of its ordinary taxable income to stockholders. As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on taxable income that it distributes to its stockholders. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, it will then be subject to U.S. federal income taxes on taxable income at regular corporate rates and will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes for four years following the year during which qualification is lost unless the Internal Revenue Service grants the Company relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could materially adversely affect the Company’s net income and net cash available for distributions to stockholders. However, the Company believes that it is organized and will operate in such a manner as to qualify for treatment as a REIT and the Company intends to operate in the foreseeable future in such a manner so that it will qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Company may, however, be subject to certain state and local taxes. The Company’s TRSs are subject to federal, state and local taxes. The Company’s Asset and Property management business, Gramercy Asset Management, conducts its business through a wholly-owned TRS. In addition to the limitation on the Company's use of its net operating losses under Section 382, since the Company uses separate taxable REIT subsidiaries to conduct different aspects of its business, losses incurred by the individual TRSs are only available to offset taxable income derived by each respective TRS.
The Company’s provision for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 is summarized as follows:
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
Current: | ||||||||||||
Federal | $ | (1,235 | ) | $ | (5,902 | ) | $ | (1,990 | ) | |||
State and local | 323 | (2,535 | ) | (1,061 | ) | |||||||
Total current | (912 | ) | (8,437 | ) | (3,051 | ) | ||||||
Deferred: | ||||||||||||
Federal | 197 | (348 | ) | (174 | ) | |||||||
State and local | (94 | ) | (123 | ) | (105 | ) | ||||||
Total deferred | 103 | (471 | ) | (279 | ) | |||||||
Total income tax expense | $ | (809 | ) | $ | (8,908 | ) | $ | (3,330 | ) |
For the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 the Company recorded $809, $8,908, and $3,330 of income tax expense, including $0, $2,515, and $0 within discontinued operations, respectively. Tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 in continuing operations is comprised of federal, state and local taxes primarily attributable to Gramercy Asset Management. Tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2013 included in discontinued operations is comprised of federal, state and local taxes attributable to the sale of the CDO management contracts to CWCapital. As of December 31, 2014, returns for the calendar years 2011 through 2014 remain subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service and various state and local tax jurisdictions. As of December 31, 2014, certain returns for calendar year 2010 also remain subject to examination by various state and local tax jurisdictions.
Net deferred tax assets of $738 and $635 are included in other assets on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. These net deferred tax assets relate primarily to differences in the timing of the recognition of income (loss) between GAAP and tax. All deferred tax assets relating to net operating loss carry forwards of TRSs are fully reserved.
The income tax provision differs from the amount computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to pretax operating income, as follows:
129 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
Income tax (expense) benefit at federal statutory rate | $ | (19,500 | ) | $ | (137,775 | ) | $ | 58,366 | ||||
Tax effect of REIT election | 18,501 | 138,563 | (60,230 | ) | ||||||||
State and local taxes, net of federal benefit | 194 | (1,088 | ) | (843 | ) | |||||||
Permanent difference | (4 | ) | (1 | ) | 1,252 | |||||||
Valuation allowance | - | (8,607 | ) | (1,672 | ) | |||||||
Other | - | - | (203 | ) | ||||||||
Total income tax provision | $ | (809 | ) | $ | (8,908 | ) | $ | (3,330 | ) |
As of December 31, 2014, the Company and each of its eight subsidiaries which file corporate tax returns, had total net loss carryforwards, inclusive of net operating losses and capital losses, of approximately $557,000. Net operating loss carryforwards and capital loss carryforwards can generally be used to offset future ordinary income and capital gains of the entity originating the losses, for up to 20 years and five years, respectively. The amounts of net operating loss carryforwards and capital loss carryforwards as of December 31, 2014 are subject to the completion of the 2014 tax returns. In January 2011, the Company and two of its subsidiaries experienced an ownership change, as defined for purposes of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. In general, an “ownership change” occurs if there is a change in ownership of more than 50% of its common stock during a cumulative three year period. For this purpose, determinations of ownership changes are generally limited to shareholders deemed to own 5% or more of the Company’s common stock. The provisions of Section 382 will apply an annual limit to the amount of net loss carryforwards that can be used to offset future ordinary income and capital gains, beginning with the 2011 taxable year.
In addition to the limitation on the Company’s use of its net operating losses under section 382, since the company uses separate taxable REIT subsidiaries to conduct different aspects of its business, losses incurred by the individual TRSs are only available to offset taxable income derived by each respective TRS.
The Company’s policy for interest and penalties, if any, on material uncertain tax positions recognized in the financial statements is to classify these as interest expense and operating expense, respectively. As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Company did not incur any material interest or penalties.
17. Environmental Matters
The Company believes that it is in compliance in all material respects with applicable federal, state and local ordinances and regulations regarding environmental issues. Its management is not aware of any environmental liability that it believes would have a materially adverse impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
18. Segment Reporting
As of December 31, 2014, the Company has determined that it has two reportable operating segments: Asset Management and Investments/Corporate. On March 15, 2013, the Company disposed of its third reportable segment, Gramercy Finance, as more fully discussed in Note 1. The reportable segments are determined based upon the management approach, which looks to the Company’s internal organizational structure. The Company’s lines of business require different support infrastructures. All significant inter-segment balances and transactions have been eliminated.
The Investments/Corporate segment includes all of the Company’s activities related to the investment and ownership of commercial properties located throughout the United States and Europe. The Investments/Corporate segment generates revenues from rental revenues from properties owned by the Company, either directly or in joint ventures or equity investments.
130 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
The Asset Management segment includes substantially all of the Company’s activities related to asset and property management of commercial properties located throughout the United States and Europe. The Asset Management segment generates revenues from fee income related to the management agreements for properties owned by third parties throughout the United States and Europe.
The Company evaluates performance based on the following financial measures for each segment:
Asset | Investments / | Total | ||||||||||
Management | Corporate | Company | ||||||||||
Year ended December 31, 2014 | ||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 25,017 | $ | 82,923 | $ | 107,940 | ||||||
Equity in net loss from unconsolidated joint ventures | - | 1,959 | 1,959 | |||||||||
Total operating and interest expense (1) | (21,154 | ) | (33,552 | ) | (54,706 | ) | ||||||
Net income from continuing operations (2) | $ | 3,863 | $ | 51,330 | $ | 55,193 |
Asset | Investments / | Total | ||||||||||
Management | Corporate | Company | ||||||||||
Year ended December 31, 2013 | ||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 40,896 | $ | 15,808 | $ | 56,704 | ||||||
Equity in net loss from unconsolidated joint ventures | - | (5,662 | ) | (5,662 | ) | |||||||
Total operating and interest expense (1) | (30,887 | ) | (28,327 | ) | (59,214 | ) | ||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations (2) | $ | 10,009 | $ | (18,181 | ) | $ | (8,172 | ) |
Asset | Investments / | Total | ||||||||||
Management | Corporate | Company | ||||||||||
Year ended December 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 34,667 | $ | 2,154 | $ | 36,821 | ||||||
Equity in net loss from unconsolidated joint ventures | - | (2,904 | ) | (2,904 | ) | |||||||
Total operating and interest expense (1) | (24,824 | ) | (27,434 | ) | (52,258 | ) | ||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations (2) | $ | 9,843 | $ | (28,184 | ) | $ | (18,341 | ) |
Asset | Investments / | Total | ||||||||||
Management | Corporate | Company | ||||||||||
Total Assets: | ||||||||||||
December 31, 2014 | $ | 8,140 | $ | 1,491,860 | $ | 1,500,000 | ||||||
December 31, 2013 | $ | 12,950 | $ | 478,713 | $ | 491,663 |
(1) | Total operating and interest expense includes operating costs on commercial property assets for the Investments segment and costs to perform required functions under the management agreement for the Asset Management segment. Depreciation and amortization of $36,408, $5,675, and $256 and provision for taxes of $809, $6,393, and $3,330 for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012, respectively. |
(2) | Net income (loss) from continuing operations represents income (loss) before discontinued operations. |
131 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
19. Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities
The following table represents non-cash activities recognized in other comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
Deferred losses and other non-cash activity related to derivatives | $ | (3,002 | ) | $ | (187 | ) | $ | 2,146 | ||||
Change in net unrealized loss on securities available for sale | $ | 752 | $ | (1,219 | ) | $ | 343,528 | |||||
Non-cash effect of foreign currency translation adjustments | $ | (48 | ) | $ | - | $ | - |
20. Selected Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited)
This unaudited interim financial information has been adjusted to reflect reclassifications for discontinued operations as of December 31, 2014.
2014 Quarter Ended | December 31, | September 30, | June 30, | March 31, | ||||||||||||
Total Revenues | $ | 37,427 | $ | 34,301 | $ | 20,628 | $ | 15,584 | ||||||||
Loss before equity in net income of joint ventures, gain on remeasurement of previously held joint venture, loss on extinguishment of debt, provision for taxes, non-controlling interest and discontinued operations | (5,986 | ) | (2,355 | ) | (7,362 | ) | (674 | ) | ||||||||
Equity in net income of joint ventures | 103 | 103 | 1,125 | 628 | ||||||||||||
Loss before gain on remeasurement of previously held joint venture, loss on extinguishment of debt, provision for taxes, non-controlling interest and discontinued operations | (5,883 | ) | (2,252 | ) | (6,237 | ) | (46 | ) | ||||||||
Gain on remeasurement of previously held joint venture | - | - | 72,345 | - | ||||||||||||
Loss on extinguishment of debt | - | - | (1,925 | ) | - | |||||||||||
Provision for taxes | 162 | (165 | ) | (437 | ) | (369 | ) | |||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations | (5,721 | ) | (2,417 | ) | 63,746 | (415 | ) | |||||||||
Net loss from discontinued operations | (2 | ) | (41 | ) | (395 | ) | (86 | ) | ||||||||
Net income (loss) | (5,723 | ) | (2,458 | ) | 63,351 | (501 | ) | |||||||||
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | 132 | 104 | - | - | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to Gramercy Property Trust Inc. | (5,591 | ) | (2,354 | ) | 63,351 | (501 | ) | |||||||||
Preferred stock redemption costs | - | (2,912 | ) | - | - | |||||||||||
Preferred stock dividends | (1,576 | ) | (2,192 | ) | (1,791 | ) | (1,790 | ) | ||||||||
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders | $ | (7,167 | ) | $ | (7,458 | ) | $ | 61,560 | $ | (2,291 | ) | |||||
Basic earnings per share: | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations and after preferred dividends | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | (0.06 | ) | $ | 0.66 | $ | (0.03 | ) | |||||
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) available to common stock holders | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | (0.06 | ) | $ | 0.66 | $ | (0.03 | ) | |||||
Diluted earnings per share: | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations and after preferred dividends | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | (0.06 | ) | $ | 0.65 | $ | (0.03 | ) | |||||
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) available to common stock holders | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | (0.06 | ) | $ | 0.65 | $ | (0.03 | ) | |||||
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding | 133,859,665 | 117,926,151 | 92,753,999 | 70,763,959 | ||||||||||||
Diluted weighted average common shares and common share equivalents outstanding | 133,859,665 | 117,926,151 | 95,085,817 | 70,763,959 |
132 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
December 31, 2014
2013 Quarter Ended | December 31, | September 30, | June 30, | March 31, | ||||||||||||
Total Revenues | $ | 17,712 | $ | 13,421 | $ | 16,304 | $ | 9,267 | ||||||||
Income (loss) before equity in net income (loss) of joint ventures, provision for taxes, noncontrolling interest and discontinued operations | 2,109 | 766 | 3,325 | (2,317 | ) | |||||||||||
Equity in net income (loss) of joint ventures | (2,854 | ) | 983 | (2,603 | ) | (1,188 | ) | |||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations before provision for taxes and discontinued operations | (745 | ) | 1,749 | 722 | (3,505 | ) | ||||||||||
Provision for taxes | (803 | ) | (744 | ) | (4,441 | ) | (405 | ) | ||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations | (1,548 | ) | 1,005 | (3,719 | ) | (3,910 | ) | |||||||||
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | (4,399 | ) | (514 | ) | (1,175 | ) | 399,087 | |||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to Gramercy Property Trust Inc. | (5,947 | ) | 491 | (4,894 | ) | 395,177 | ||||||||||
Preferred stock dividends | (1,792 | ) | (1,790 | ) | (1,790 | ) | (1,790 | ) | ||||||||
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders | $ | (7,739 | ) | $ | (1,299 | ) | $ | (6,684 | ) | $ | 393,387 | |||||
Basic earnings per share: | ||||||||||||||||
Net loss from continuing operations and after preferred dividends | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | (0.09 | ) | $ | (0.10 | ) | ||||
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | (0.06 | ) | (0.01 | ) | (0.02 | ) | 6.80 | |||||||||
Net income (loss) available to common stock holders | $ | (0.11 | ) | $ | (0.02 | ) | $ | (0.11 | ) | $ | 6.70 | |||||
Diluted earnings per share: | ||||||||||||||||
Net loss from continuing operations and after preferred dividends | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | (0.09 | ) | $ | (0.10 | ) | ||||
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | (0.06 | ) | (0.01 | ) | (0.02 | ) | 6.80 | |||||||||
Net income (loss) available to common stock holders | $ | (0.11 | ) | $ | (0.02 | ) | $ | (0.11 | ) | $ | 6.70 | |||||
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding | 69,724,546 | 58,902,708 | 58,605,219 | 58,678,078 | ||||||||||||
Diluted weighted average common shares and common share equivalents outstanding | 69,724,546 | 58,902,708 | 58,605,219 | 58,678,078 |
21. Subsequent Events
Subsequent to December 31, 2014, the Company closed on the acquisition of nine properties, including one office and eight industrial properties. The properties comprise an aggregate 1,688,778 square feet and were acquired for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $144,520. The properties are 100% leased with lease terms ending between December 2015 and September 2029. The Company assumed one in-place mortgage loan of $13,025 with a fixed interest rate of 5.57% and maturity of November 2016 related to one of the property acquisitions. The Company is currently analyzing the fair values of the leases and real estate assets and accordingly, the purchase price allocations for the properties are preliminary and subject to change.
In January 2015, the Company expanded its Unsecured Credit Facility, increasing the revolving borrowing capacity thereunder to $400,000. The expansion increased the Company’s aggregate borrowing capacity under the Unsecured Credit Facility and Term Loan from $400,000 to $600,000.
In February 2015, the Company’s shareholders approved an increase in the number of the Company’s authorized shares of common stock from 220,000,000 to 400,000,000.
133 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
SCHEDULE II
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
(In thousands)
Tenant and Other Receivables - Allowance | Balance at Beginning of Year | Additions Charged to Costs and Expenses | Uncollectible
Amounts Written Off | Balance at End of Year | ||||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, 2014 | $ | 449 | 107 | 368 | $ | 188 | ||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, 2013 | $ | 211 | 450 | 212 | $ | 449 | ||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, 2012 | $ | 280 | 101 | 170 | $ | 211 |
134 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
SCHEDULE III
Real Estate Investments
(In thousands)
Initial Costs | Gross
Amount at Which Carried December 31, 2014 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
City | State | Acquisition Date |
Encumbrances at December 31, 2014(1) |
Land | Building
and Improvements |
Cost Capitalized Subsequent To Acquisition |
Land | Building
and Improvements |
Total(3) | Accumulated Depreciation December 31, 2014 |
Average Depreciable Life |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Industrial: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greenwood | IN | 11/20/2012 | $ | 7,777 | $ | 1,200 | $ | 12,002 | $ | — | $ | 1,200 | $ | 12,002 | $ | 13,202 | $ | (726 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Greenfield | IN | 11/20/2012 | 6,286 | 600 | 9,357 | — | 600 | 9,357 | 9,957 | (536 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Olive Branch | MS | 3/11/2013 | — | 2,250 | 18,891 | 35 | 2,250 | 18,926 | 21,176 | (933 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Garland | TX | 3/19/2013 | — | 2,200 | 6,081 | 1,109 | 2,200 | 7,190 | 9,390 | (654 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
East Brunswick | NJ | 3/28/2013 | — | 5,700 | 4,626 | 63 | 5,700 | 4,689 | 10,389 | (368 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atlanta | GA | 5/6/2013 | — | 1,700 | 4,949 | 735 | 1,700 | 5,684 | 7,384 | (976 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bellmawr | NJ | 5/30/2013 | — | 540 | 2,992 | — | 540 | 2,992 | 3,532 | (179 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hialeah Gardens | FL | 5/30/2013 | — | 4,839 | 1,437 | 19,914 | 4,839 | 21,351 | 26,190 | (267 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deer Park | NY | 6/18/2013 | — | 1,596 | 1,926 | — | 1,596 | 1,926 | 3,522 | (219 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elkridge | MD | 6/19/2013 | — | 2,589 | 3,034 | — | 2,589 | 3,034 | 5,623 | (303 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Orlando | FL | 6/26/2013 | — | 1,644 | 2,904 | — | 1,644 | 2,904 | 4,548 | (325 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Houston | TX | 6/26/2013 | — | 3,251 | 2,650 | 134 | 3,251 | 2,784 | 6,035 | (541 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Logan | NJ | 6/28/2013 | — | 1,070 | 9,603 | — | 1,070 | 9,603 | 10,673 | (423 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atlanta | GA | 8/22/2013 | — | 224 | 3,150 | — | 224 | 3,150 | 3,374 | (342 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manassas | VA | 9/5/2013 | — | 890 | 2,796 | — | 890 | 2,796 | 3,686 | (123 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manassas | VA | 9/5/2013 | — | 546 | 3,401 | — | 546 | 3,401 | 3,947 | (147 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yuma | AZ | 10/1/2013 | 12,428 | 1,897 | 16,275 | 18 | 1,897 | 16,293 | 18,190 | (781 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Austin | TX | 10/22/2013 | — | 1,017 | 6,527 | — | 1,017 | 6,527 | 7,544 | (289 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Galesburg | IL | 11/15/2013 | — | 300 | 903 | — | 300 | 903 | 1,203 | (46 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Peru | IL | 11/15/2013 | — | 869 | 4,438 | — | 869 | 4,438 | 5,307 | (182 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indianapolis | IN | 11/15/2013 | 21,962 | 2,168 | 27,485 | (37 | ) | 2,168 | 27,448 | 29,616 | (1,057 | ) | (2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Waco | TX | 11/21/2013 | 15,782 | 1,615 | 17,940 | — | 1,615 | 17,940 | 19,555 | (589 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Upper Macungie | PA | 12/23/2013 | 23,793 | 4,767 | 25,468 | — | 4,767 | 25,468 | 30,235 | (1,154 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vernon | CA | 12/30/2013 | — | 3,317 | 4,837 | — | 3,317 | 4,837 | 8,154 | (158 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vernon | CA | 12/30/2013 | — | 2,083 | 4,583 | — | 2,083 | 4,583 | 6,666 | (173 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Des Plaines | IL | 2/18/2014 | 2,608 | 1,110 | 3,905 | — | 1,110 | 3,905 | 5,015 | (173 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elgin | IL | 4/23/2014 | — | 1,570 | 4,501 | — | 1,570 | 4,501 | 6,071 | (96 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Harrisburg | PA | 5/1/2014 | — | 1,825 | 5,516 | — | 1,825 | 5,516 | 7,341 | (205 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elk Grove Village | IL | 5/20/2014 | — | 5,600 | 12,403 | — | 5,600 | 12,403 | 18,003 | (267 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tampa | FL | 5/29/2014 | — | 1,830 | 6,159 | — | 1,830 | 6,159 | 7,989 | (148 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ames | IA | 7/31/2014 | 17,342 | 2,600 | 19,900 | — | 2,600 | 19,900 | 22,500 | (243 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buford | GA | 7/31/2014 | 16,354 | 3,520 | 18,168 | — | 3,520 | 18,168 | 21,688 | (223 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Wilson | NC | 7/31/2014 | 8,827 | 540 | 13,401 | 48 | 540 | 13,449 | 13,989 | (146 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arlington Heights | IL | 8/19/2014 | — | 1,960 | 14,505 | — | 1,960 | 14,505 | 16,465 | (165 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bloomingdale | IL | 9/19/2014 | — | 1,020 | 5,061 | — | 1,020 | 5,061 | 6,081 | (35 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kenosha | WI | 9/24/2014 | — | 1,710 | 7,500 | — | 1,710 | 7,500 | 9,210 | (64 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Worcester | MA | 9/24/2014 | — | 1,430 | 17,789 | — | 1,430 | 17,789 | 19,219 | (113 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Miami | FL | 10/24/2014 | — | 3,980 | 6,376 | — | 3,980 | 6,376 | 10,356 | (44 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Morrow | GA | 11/25/2014 | — | 760 | 5,401 | — | 760 | 5,401 | 6,161 | (16 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Puyallup | WA | 12/2/2014 | — | 2,740 | 6,399 | — | 2,740 | 6,399 | 9,139 | (16 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rolling Meadows | IL | 12/4/2014 | — | 3,240 | 6,705 | — | 3,240 | 6,705 | 9,945 | (16 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lewisville | TX | 12/4/2014 | — | 1,530 | 4,971 | — | 1,530 | 4,971 | 6,501 | (17 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Groveport | OH | 12/4/2014 | — | 940 | 5,616 | — | 940 | 5,616 | 6,556 | (20 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Midway | GA | 12/8/2014 | — | 2,520 | 14,533 | — | 2,520 | 14,533 | 17,053 | (40 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buffalo Grove | IL | 12/18/2014 | — | 1,110 | 2,724 | — | 1,110 | 2,724 | 3,834 | — | (2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Burr Ridge | IL | 12/18/2014 | — | 1,260 | 2,423 | — | 1,260 | 2,423 | 3,683 | — | (2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hamlet | NC | 12/19/2014 | — | 260 | 10,382 | — | 260 | 10,382 | 10,642 | — | (2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Downers Grove | IL | 12/23/2014 | — | 1,270 | 8,585 | — | 1,270 | 8,585 | 9,855 | — | (2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bolingbrook | IL | 12/23/2014 | — | 2,240 | 9,884 | — | 2,240 | 9,884 | 12,124 | — | (2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Office/Banking Center: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Emmaus | PA | 6/6/2013 | — | 407 | 986 | — | 407 | 986 | 1,393 | (83 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Calabash | SC | 6/6/2013 | — | 187 | 290 | — | 187 | 290 | 477 | (32 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Morristown | NJ | 8/1/2013 | — | 2,236 | 3,841 | — | 2,236 | 3,841 | 6,077 | (433 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
St. Louis | MO | 5/15/2014 | — | 1,200 | 295 | 55 | 1,200 | 350 | 1,550 | (15 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nashville | TN | 5/20/2014 | — | 2,850 | 8,913 | — | 2,850 | 8,913 | 11,763 | (173 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Malvern | PA | 6/30/2014 | — | 2,100 | 21,270 | — | 2,100 | 21,270 | 23,370 | (430 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parsippany | NJ | 9/30/2014 | — | 1,800 | 2,154 | — | 1,800 | 2,154 | 3,954 | (18 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Westlake Village | CA | 12/22/2014 | — | 17,300 | 13,077 | — | 17,300 | 13,077 | 30,377 | — | (2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Office/Banking Center Properties - Bank of America Portfolio: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phoenix | AZ | 6/9/2014 | — | — | 10,556 | — | — | 10,556 | 10,556 | (225 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phoenix | AZ | 6/9/2014 | — | — | 27,106 | 95 | — | 27,201 | 27,201 | (494 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phoenix | AZ | 6/9/2014 | — | — | 5,241 | — | — | 5,241 | 5,241 | (132 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phoenix | AZ | 6/9/2014 | — | — | 10,983 | — | — | 10,983 | 10,983 | (231 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mesa | AZ | 6/9/2014 | — | 493 | 2,499 | — | 493 | 2,499 | 2,992 | (71 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phoenix | AZ | 6/9/2014 | — | — | 19,290 | — | — | 19,290 | 19,290 | (359 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long Beach | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 685 | 674 | — | 685 | 674 | 1,359 | (43 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fresno | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 368 | 1,628 | — | 368 | 1,628 | 1,996 | (69 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fresno | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 359 | 2,260 | — | 359 | 2,260 | 2,619 | (85 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Coronado | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 579 | 2,431 | 115 | 579 | 2,546 | 3,125 | (82 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bakersfield | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 456 | 1,437 | — | 456 | 1,437 | 1,893 | (77 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Compton | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 625 | 605 | — | 625 | 605 | 1,230 | (32 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
El Segundo | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 1,233 | 685 | — | 1,233 | 685 | 1,918 | (51 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Escondido | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 812 | 3,138 | — | 812 | 3,138 | 3,950 | (99 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fresno | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 492 | 2,263 | — | 492 | 2,263 | 2,755 | (109 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gardena | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 1,201 | 1,003 | — | 1,201 | 1,003 | 2,204 | (61 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Glendale | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 1,548 | 4,786 | — | 1,548 | 4,786 | 6,334 | (241 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ontario | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 1,609 | 6,342 | — | 1,609 | 6,342 | 7,951 | (173 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Newport Beach | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 1,481 | 2,335 | — | 1,481 | 2,335 | 3,816 | (108 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Los Angeles | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 1,242 | 883 | — | 1,242 | 883 | 2,125 | (40 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lynwood | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 684 | 806 | — | 684 | 806 | 1,490 | (57 | ) | (2) |
135 |
Initial Costs | Gross
Amount at Which Carried December 31, 2014 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
City | State | Acquisition Date |
Encumbrances at December 31, 2014(1) |
Land | Building
and Improvements |
Cost Capitalized Subsequent To Acquisition |
Land | Building
and Improvements |
Total(3) | Accumulated Depreciation December 31, 2014 |
Average Depreciable Life |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
North Hollywood | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 1,793 | 2,025 | — | 1,793 | 2,025 | 3,818 | (108 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sacramento | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 838 | 1,601 | — | 838 | 1,601 | 2,439 | (91 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sacramento | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 498 | 741 | — | 498 | 741 | 1,239 | (48 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Los Angeles | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 641 | 630 | — | 641 | 630 | 1,271 | (38 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pomona | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 1,046 | 3,381 | — | 1,046 | 3,381 | 4,427 | (134 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Riverside | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 1,753 | 3,437 | — | 1,753 | 3,437 | 5,190 | (152 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Salinas | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 941 | 1,558 | — | 941 | 1,558 | 2,499 | (94 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
San Bernadino | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 581 | 2,926 | — | 581 | 2,926 | 3,507 | (144 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Santa Barbara | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 1,676 | 2,016 | — | 1,676 | 2,016 | 3,692 | (102 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Santa Maria | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 613 | 2,284 | — | 613 | 2,284 | 2,897 | (96 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mission Hills | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 583 | 827 | — | 583 | 827 | 1,410 | (50 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bakersfield | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 765 | 1,600 | — | 765 | 1,600 | 2,365 | (106 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sunnyvale | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 2,808 | 2,860 | — | 2,808 | 2,860 | 5,668 | (118 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Torrance | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 882 | 717 | 33 | 882 | 750 | 1,632 | (52 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ventura | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 840 | 1,870 | — | 840 | 1,870 | 2,710 | (90 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long Beach | CA | 6/9/2014 | — | 346 | 939 | — | 346 | 939 | 1,285 | (42 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tampa | FL | 6/9/2014 | — | 3,366 | 10,089 | 44 | 3,366 | 10,133 | 13,499 | (338 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Clearwater | FL | 6/9/2014 | — | 581 | 2,168 | — | 581 | 2,168 | 2,749 | (81 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jacksonville | FL | 6/9/2014 | — | 3,667 | 26,983 | 162 | 3,667 | 27,145 | 30,812 | (523 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jacksonville | FL | 6/9/2014 | — | 2,043 | 9,695 | 150 | 2,043 | 9,845 | 11,888 | (188 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jacksonville | FL | 6/9/2014 | — | 1,961 | 9,505 | — | 1,961 | 9,505 | 11,466 | (202 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jacksonville | FL | 6/9/2014 | — | 3,068 | 14,503 | — | 3,068 | 14,503 | 17,571 | (302 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jacksonville | FL | 6/9/2014 | — | 1,896 | 10,406 | — | 1,896 | 10,406 | 12,302 | (205 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jacksonville | FL | 6/9/2014 | — | 4,648 | 25,902 | — | 4,648 | 25,902 | 30,550 | (575 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jacksonville | FL | 6/9/2014 | — | 2,099 | 9,646 | — | 2,099 | 9,646 | 11,745 | (197 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jacksonville | FL | 6/9/2014 | — | 403 | 1,099 | — | 403 | 1,099 | 1,502 | (41 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jacksonville | FL | 6/9/2014 | — | 27 | 432 | — | 27 | 432 | 459 | (9 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jacksonville | FL | 6/9/2014 | — | 425 | 1,757 | — | 425 | 1,757 | 2,182 | (50 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hialeah | FL | 6/9/2014 | — | 833 | 769 | — | 833 | 769 | 1,602 | (57 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Port Charlotte | FL | 6/9/2014 | — | 248 | 923 | 18 | 248 | 941 | 1,189 | (43 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jacksonville | FL | 6/9/2014 | — | 444 | 643 | — | 444 | 643 | 1,087 | (31 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Miami Lakes | FL | 6/9/2014 | — | 4,991 | 5,751 | 180 | 4,991 | 5,931 | 10,922 | (157 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tampa | FL | 6/9/2014 | — | 1,215 | 1,871 | — | 1,215 | 1,871 | 3,086 | (85 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Savannah | GA | 6/9/2014 | — | 638 | 2,233 | — | 638 | 2,233 | 2,871 | (86 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Overland Park | KS | 6/9/2014 | — | 335 | 1,077 | — | 335 | 1,077 | 1,412 | (73 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annapolis | MD | 6/9/2014 | — | 483 | 2,162 | — | 483 | 2,162 | 2,645 | (69 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Baltimore | MD | 6/9/2014 | — | 483 | 1,821 | 147 | 483 | 1,968 | 2,451 | (76 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Richland | MO | 6/9/2014 | — | 143 | 1,318 | — | 143 | 1,318 | 1,461 | (42 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Springfield | MO | 6/9/2014 | — | 648 | 1,178 | — | 648 | 1,178 | 1,826 | (75 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Springfield | MO | 6/9/2014 | — | — | 1,003 | — | — | 1,003 | 1,003 | (71 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albuquerque | NM | 6/9/2014 | — | 812 | 1,861 | — | 812 | 1,861 | 2,673 | (94 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Carrollton | TX | 6/9/2014 | — | 543 | 609 | — | 543 | 609 | 1,152 | (40 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Houston | TX | 6/9/2014 | — | 417 | 2,542 | — | 417 | 2,542 | 2,959 | (66 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mission | TX | 6/9/2014 | — | 315 | 961 | — | 315 | 961 | 1,276 | (44 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bellingham | WA | 6/9/2014 | — | 661 | 2,344 | — | 661 | 2,344 | 3,005 | (96 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Spokane | WA | 6/9/2014 | — | 477 | 7,408 | — | 477 | 7,408 | 7,885 | (351 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Specialty: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hutchins | TX | 6/27/2013 | 24,902 | 10,867 | 40,104 | — | 10,867 | 40,104 | 50,971 | (3,876 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Franklin Park | IL | 11/21/2013 | — | 4,512 | 2,457 | — | 4,512 | 2,457 | 6,969 | (144 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chicago | IL | 11/22/2013 | — | 3,070 | 1,983 | 25 | 3,070 | 2,008 | 5,078 | (158 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Medley | FL | 8/27/2014 | — | 6,982 | 583 | — | 6,982 | 583 | 7,565 | (39 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Medley | FL | 8/27/2014 | — | 3,515 | 1,110 | — | 3,515 | 1,110 | 4,625 | (37 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Medley | FL | 8/27/2014 | — | 4,169 | 350 | — | 4,169 | 350 | 4,519 | (23 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Santa Clara | CA | 9/11/2014 | — | 14,530 | 1,577 | — | 14,530 | 1,577 | 16,107 | (28 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
$ | 158,061 | $ | 239,503 | $ | 805,074 | $ | 23,043 | $ | 239,503 | $ | 828,117 | $ | 1,067,620 | $ | (27,598 | ) |
(1) | Encumbrances represent balances at 12/31/2014 of mortgage notes payable that are collateralized by the property for which they are noted. |
(2) | The Company computes depreciation expense using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful life at acquisition of the capitalized item or 40 years for buildings, five to ten years for building equipment and fixtures, and the lesser of the useful life or the remaining lease term for tenant improvements and leasehold interests. |
(3) | The aggregate cost basis of land, building and improvements, before depreciation, for Federal income tax purposes at December 31, 2014 was $1,109,824 (unaudited). |
136 |
Set forth below is a rollforward of the carrying values for our real estate investments classified as held for investment:
Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
Investment in real estate: | ||||||||||||
Balance at beginning of year | $ | 337,712 | $ | 23,159 | $ | 68,690 | ||||||
Improvements | 15,202 | 7,824 | 1,203 | |||||||||
Business acquisitions | 714,706 | 306,729 | 39,202 | |||||||||
Change in held for sale | — | 37,667 | (7,519 | ) | ||||||||
Impairments | — | — | (22,637 | ) | ||||||||
Property sales | — | (37,667 | ) | (55,780 | ) | |||||||
Balance at end of year | $ | 1,067,620 | $ | 337,712 | $ | 23,159 | ||||||
Accumulated depreciation: | ||||||||||||
Balance at beginning of year | $ | 4,247 | $ | 50 | $ | 2,983 | ||||||
Depreciation expense | 23,351 | 4,197 | 1,022 | |||||||||
Change in held for sale | — | 2,966 | (2,468 | ) | ||||||||
Property sales | — | (2,966 | ) | (1,487 | ) | |||||||
Balance at end of year | $ | 27,598 | $ | 4,247 | $ | 50 |
137 |
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time frame specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure based closely on the definition of “disclosure controls and procedures” in Rule 13a-15(e). Notwithstanding the foregoing, a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that it will detect or uncover failures within our company to disclose material information otherwise required to be set forth in our periodic reports. Also, we may have investments in certain unconsolidated entities. As we do not control these entities, our disclosure controls and procedures with respect to such entities are necessarily substantially more limited than those we maintain with respect to our consolidated subsidiaries.
In connection with the preparation of this report, we carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.
138 |
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014 based on the framework in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013 Framework) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on that evaluation, we concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2014.
Our internal control over financial reporting during the year ended December 31, 2014 has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, appearing on page 80, which expresses an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation of such internal control that occurred during the year ended December 31, 2014 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 9B. | OTHER INFORMATION |
None.
139 |
Part III
ITEM 10. | DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE |
The information required by Item 10 will be set forth in our Definitive Proxy Statement for our 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, expected to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act within 120 days after December 31, 2014, or the 2015 Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 11. | EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION |
The information required by Item 11 will be set forth in the 2015 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12. | SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS |
The information required by Item 12 will be set forth in the 2015 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13. | CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE |
The information required by Item 13 will be set forth in the 2015 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 14. | PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES |
The information regarding principal accounting fees and services and the audit committee’s pre-approval policies and procedures required by Item 14 is incorporated herein by reference to the 2015 Proxy Statement.
140 |
Part IV
ITEM 15. | EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SCHEDULES |
(a)(1) Consolidated Financial Statements
GRAMERCY PROPERTY TRUST INC.
Schedules other than those listed are omitted as they are not applicable or the required or equivalent information has been included in the financial statements or notes thereto.
(a)(3) Exhibits
See Index to Exhibits on following page
141 |
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Exhibit No. | Description | |
3.1 | Articles of Incorporation of the Company, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (No. 333-114673), filed with the SEC on July 26, 2004. | |
3.2 | Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 9, 2013. | |
3.3 | Articles Supplementary designating the 8.125% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, liquidation preference $25.00 per share, par value $0.001 per share, dated April 18, 2007, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on April 18, 2007. | |
3.4 | Articles Supplementary designating the Class B-1 non-voting common stock of Gramercy Property Trust Inc., par value $0.001 per share, and Class B-2 non-voting common stock of Gramercy Property Trust Inc., par value $0.001 per share, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed with the SEC on November 8, 2013. | |
3.5 | Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Amendment and Restatement of the Company, dated as of April 12, 2013, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on April 18, 2013. | |
3.6 | Articles Supplementary Reclassifying 2,000,000 shares of Class B-1 non-voting common stock and 2,000,000 shares of Class B-2 non-voting common stock into shares of common stock, dated December 10, 2013, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on December 13, 2013. | |
3.7 | Articles Supplementary Reclassifying 50,000,000 shares of Excess Stock, par value $0.001 per share, into shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, dated May 6, 2014, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed with the SEC on May 9, 2014. | |
3.8 | Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation of the Company, increasing the number of authorized shares of common stock from 150,000 shares to 200,000 shares, dated June 26, 2014, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on July 1, 2014. | |
3.9 | Articles Supplementary Classifying and Designating 3,500,000 shares of preferred stock as a new series of Preferred Stock, the 7.125% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, dated August 14, 2014, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with SEC on August 15, 2014. | |
3.10 | Articles Supplementary Reclassifying 20,000,000 shares of Excess Stock, par value $0.001 per share, into shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, dated December 9, 2014, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on December 9, 2014. | |
3.11 | Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation of the Company, increasing the number of authorized shares of common stock from 220,000,000 shares to 400,000,000 shares, dated February 26, 2015, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on February 27, 2015. | |
4.1 | Form of specimen stock certificate representing the common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, filed with the SEC on March 17, 2014. |
142 |
4.2 | Form of stock certificate evidencing the 7.125% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on August 14, 2014. | |
4.3 | Indenture, by and among Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2005-1, Ltd., as issuer, Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2005-1 LLC, as co-issuer, GKK Liquidity LLC, as advancing agent and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee, paying agent, calculation agent, transfer agent, custodial securities intermediary, backup advancing agent, notes registrar, dated as of July 14, 2005, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2005, filed with the SEC on July 27, 2005. | |
4.4 | Indenture, dated as of August 24, 2006, by and among Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2006-1, Ltd., as issuer, Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2006-1 LLC, as co-issuer, GKK Liquidity LLC, as advancing agent, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee, paying agent, calculation agent, transfer agent, custodial securities intermediary, backup advancing agent and notes registrar, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2006, filed with the SEC on November 9, 2006. | |
4.5 | Indenture, dated as of August 8, 2007, by and among Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2007-1, Ltd., Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2007-1, LLC, GKK Liquidity LLC and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2007, filed with the SEC on November 9, 2007. | |
4.6 | Indenture, dated as of March 24, 2014, among GPT Property Trust LP, as issuer, Gramercy Property Trust Inc., as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 24, 2014. | |
4.7 | Form of Global Note representing the Operating Partnership’s 3.75% Exchangeable Senior Notes due 2019 due, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 24, 2014 (included in Exhibit 4.1 thereof). | |
10.1 | Fourth Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of GPT Property Trust LP, dated as of July 31, 2014, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on July 31, 2014. | |
10.2 | First Amendment to the Fourth Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of GPT Property Trust LP, dated as of August 15, 2014, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on August 15, 2014. | |
10.3 | Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement, dated as of September 24, 2013, by and among GPT Property Trust LP, as borrower, Gramercy Property Trust Inc. and certain of its subsidiaries, as guarantors, the lenders party thereto from time to time, Deutsche Bank AG New York Branch as administrative agent, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith as joint lead arrangers, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. as sole bookrunner, and Bank of America, N.A. and RBC Capital Markets as co-syndication agents, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 30, 2013. | |
10.4 | First Amendment to the Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement, dated as of February 28, 2014, by and among GPT Property Trust LP, as borrower, Gramercy Property Trust Inc. and certain of its subsidiaries, as guarantors, the lenders party thereto from time to time, Deutsche Bank AG New York Branch as administrative agent and each of the other agents party thereto, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Yearly Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013, filed with the SEC on March 17, 2014. |
143 |
10.5 | Collateral Management Agreement, dated as of July 14, 2005, by and between Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2005 1, Ltd., as issuer, and GKK Manager LLC, as collateral manager, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2005, filed with the SEC on July 27, 2005. | |
10.6 | Collateral Management Agreement, dated as of August 24, 2006, by and between Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2006-1, Ltd., as issuer, and GKK Manager LLC, as collateral manager, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2006, filed with the SEC on November 9, 2006. | |
10.7 | Collateral Management Agreement, dated as of August 8, 2007, by and between Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2007-1, Ltd., as issuer, and GKK Manager LLC, as collateral manager, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2007, filed with the SEC on November 9, 2007. | |
10.8 | Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of March 24, 2014, by and among GPT Property Trust LP and Gramercy Property Trust Inc. and various holders of notes of the Company’s Operating Partnership, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 24, 2014. | |
10.9 | Form of Equity Distribution Agreement, dated as of September 19, 2014, by and among the Company, GPT Property Trust LP and each sales agent, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 19, 2014. | |
10.10 | Master Lease Agreement, dated of January 1, 2005, by and between GPT GIG BOA Portfolio Owner LLC (as successor-in-interest to First States Investors 5000A, LLC), as landlord, and Bank of America, N.A., as tenant, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, filed with the SEC on March 17, 2010. | |
10.11 | Loan Agreement, dated December 6, 2012, by and between GPT GIG BOA Portfolio Owner LLC, as borrower, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as lender, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on December 12, 2012. | |
10.12 | Revolving Credit and Term Loan Agreement, dated as of June 9, 2014, by and among GPT Property Trust LP, as borrower, the lenders party thereto from time to time, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, as joint bookrunners and joint arrangers, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent and Bank of America, N.A. as syndication agent, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 13, 2014. | |
10.13 | Amendment No. 1 to the Revolving Credit and Term Loan Agreement, dated as of January 22, 2015, among the Operating Partnership, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries, the Lenders referred to therein and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent for the Lenders, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on January 27, 2015. | |
10.14 | Sale and Purchase Agreement, dated January 30, 2013, by and among Gramercy Investment Trust, Gramercy Investment Trust II, GKK Manager LLC, Gramercy Loan Services LLC, GKK Liquidity LLC, Gramercy Property Trust Inc., CWCapital Investments LLC and CW Financial Services LLC, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on February 5, 2013. | |
10.15 | Common Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 4, 2013, among the Company, BHR Master Fund, Ltd. and BHR OC Master Fund, Ltd., incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K/A, filed with the SEC on October 7, 2013. |
144 |
10.16 | Form of Joinder Agreement pursuant to the Common Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 4, 2013, among the Company, BHR Master Fund, Ltd. and BHR OC Master Fund, Ltd. (attached thereto is information with respect to the number of common shares and aggregate purchase price for each additional purchaser), incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K/A, filed with the SEC on October 7, 2013. | |
10.17 | Form of Contingent Value Rights Agreement pursuant to the Common Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 4, 2013, among the Company, BHR Master Fund, Ltd. and BHR OC Master Fund, Ltd. (attached thereto is information with respect to the number of contingent value rights for each purchaser), incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K/A, filed with the SEC on October 7, 2013. | |
10.18 | Amended and Restated Asset Management Services Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2013, by and between KBS Acquisition Sub, LLC, as owner, and GKK Realty Advisors LLC, as manager, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on December 20, 2013. | |
10.19 | Membership Interest Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of May 12, 2014, by and among FYF Net Lease LLC, GPT BOA Portfolio Member LLC and GPT BOA Defeasance Pool Owner LLC, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 12, 2014. | |
10.20 | Purchase and Sale Contract, dated as of December 9, 2014, by and among certain subsidiaries of Dividend Capital Diversified Property Fund Inc., as sellers, and certain subsidiaries of the Company, as purchasers, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K/A, filed with the SEC on December 10, 2014. | |
10.21 | Amended and Restated 2004 Equity Incentive Plan, dated as of June 10, 2008, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed with the SEC on November 10, 2008.* | |
10.22 | First Amendment to Amended and Restated 2004 Equity Incentive Plan, dated as of October 27, 2008, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed with the SEC on November 10, 2008.* | |
10.23 | 2008 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, incorporated by referenced to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (333-149838), filed with the SEC on March 20, 2008.* | |
10.24 | 2012 Inducement Equity Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 13, 2012.* | |
10.25 |
Gramercy Property Trust Inc. Directors’ Deferral Program, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2005, filed with the SEC on August 4, 2005.* | |
10.26 | Gramercy Property Trust Inc. Directors’ Deferral Program, amended and restated effective as of January 1, 2015, filed herewith.* | |
10.27 | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, filed herewith.* | |
10.28 | Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement, filed herewith.* | |
10.29 | Form of Option Award Agreement, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, filed with the SEC on March 17, 2008.* | |
10.30 | Form of Phantom Share Award Agreement, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, filed with the SEC on March 17, 2008.* | |
10.31 | Form of 2012 Long-Term Outperformance Plan Award Agreement, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated June 7, 2012, filed with the SEC on June 13, 2012.* |
145 |
10.32 | Employment and Noncompetition Agreement, dated as of April 27, 2009, by and between GKK Manager LLC and Jon W. Clark, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on April 28, 2009.* | |
10.33 | Amendment, dated as of January 1, 2012, by and between GKK Capital LP and Jon W. Clark, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on March 15, 2012.* | |
10.34 | Employment and Noncompetition Agreement, dated as of June 7, 2012, by and between Gramercy Property Trust Inc. and Gordon DuGan, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 13, 2012.* | |
10.35 | Employment and Noncompetition Agreement, dated as of June 12, 2012, by and between Gramercy Property Trust Inc. and Benjamin P. Harris, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 13, 2012.* | |
10.36 | First Amendment, effective as of April 30, 2013, to the Employment and Noncompetition Agreement, dated July 1, 2012, as amended, by and between Gramercy Property Trust Inc. and Gordon F. DuGan, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 6, 2013.* | |
12.1 | Computation of ratio of earnings to fixed charges and preferred stock dividend, filed herewith. | |
21.1 | Subsidiaries of the Registrant, filed herewith. | |
23.1 | Consent of Independent Registered Accounting Firm, filed herewith. | |
31.1 | Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith. | |
31.2 | Certification by the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith. | |
32.1 | Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, furnished herewith. | |
32.2 | Certification by the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, furnished herewith. | |
101.INS | XBRL Instance Document, filed herewith. | |
101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema, filed herewith. | |
101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase, filed herewith. | |
101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase, filed herewith. | |
101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase, filed herewith. | |
101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase, filed herewith. | |
* | This exhibit is a management contract or a compensatory plan or arrangement. |
146 |
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
GRAMERCY PROPERTY TRUST INC. | |||
Dated: March 9, 2015 | By:/s/ Jon W. Clark | ||
Name: Jon W. Clark | |||
Title: Chief Financial Officer |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
Signatures | Title | Date | ||
/s/ Gordon F. DuGan Gordon F. DuGan |
Chief Executive Officer, (Principal Executive Officer) |
March 9, 2015 | ||
/s/ Jon W. Clark Jon W. Clark |
Chief Financial Officer, (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
March 9, 2015 | ||
/s/ Allan J. Baum Allan J. Baum |
Chairman of the Board | March 9, 2015 | ||
/s/ Gregory F. Hughes Gregory F. Hughes |
Director | March 9, 2015 | ||
/s/ Jeffrey E. Kelter Jeffrey E. Kelter |
Director | March 9, 2015 | ||
/s/ Charles S. Laven Charles S. Laven |
Director | March 9, 2015 | ||
/s/ William H. Lenehan William H. Lenehan |
Director | March 9, 2015 |
147 |
Exhibit 10.26
GRAMERCY PROPERTY TRUST INC.
DIRECTORS’ DEFERRAL PROGRAM
(As amended and restated, Effective as of January 1, 2015)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page | ||
1. | Definitions. | 1 |
2. | Administration of Program. | 2 |
3. | Effective Date of Program. | 2 |
4. | Eligibility. | 2 |
5. | Deferral of Fees. | 2 |
6. | Phantom Shares. | 3 |
7. | Dividend Equivalent Rights. | 3 |
8. | Account. | 3 |
9. | Vesting. | 3 |
10. | Settlement. | 4 |
11. | Amendment and Modification. | 4 |
12. | Section 409A. | 4 |
13. | Miscellaneous. | 4 |
i |
GRAMERCY PROPERTY TRUST INC.
DIRECTORS’ DEFERRAL PROGRAM
(As Amended and Restated, January 1, 2015)
Gramercy Property Trust Inc., a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Maryland, maintains the Gramercy Property Trust Inc. Directors’ Deferral Program. The Program provides for deferrals of certain directors’ fees in accordance with the terms hereof.
1. Definitions.
The following terms shall have the meanings set forth below except as the context requires otherwise:
“2004 Plan” means the Gramercy Capital Corp. 2004 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time.
“Account” means a deferred compensation account established for a Participant in accordance with
Section 8.
“Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.
“Change of Control” means as such term is defined in the 2004 Plan; provided, however, that for purposes of the Program a Change of Control shall not be deemed to have occurred if the Change of Control does not constitute a change in the ownership or effective control of the Company, or in the ownership of a substantial portion of the assets of the Company, within the meaning of section 409A of the Code and its corresponding regulations.
“Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
“Common Stock” means the Company’s Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, either currently existing or authorized hereafter.
“Company” means Gramercy Property Trust Inc. (previously known as Gramercy Capital Corp.), a Maryland corporation.
“Director” means a non-employee director of the Company.
“Dividend Equivalent Rights” means a right awarded under Section 7 of the Program to receive (or have credited) the equivalent value of dividends paid on Common Stock.
“Equity Incentive Plan” means the 2004 Plan or such other equity compensation plan adopted by the Company, as determined by the Board, pursuant to which the Company shall satisfy its obligations to issue Shares under the Program.
“Fair Market Value” means as of a particular date (i) if Shares are then listed on a national stock exchange, the closing sales price per Share on the exchange for the last preceding date on which there was a sale of Shares on such exchanged, (ii) if Shares are not then listed on a national stock exchange but are then traded on an over-the-counter market, the average of the closing bid and asked prices for the Shares in such over-the-counter market for the last preceding date on which there was a sale of such Shares in such market, or (iii) if Shares are not then listed on a national stock exchange or traded on an over-the-counter market, such value as the Board in its discretion may in good faith determine; provided that, where the Shares are so listed or traded, the Board may make such discretionary determination where the Shares have not been traded for ten trading days.
“Participant” means a Director who is credited hereunder with one or more Phantom Shares.
“Phantom Share” means a right, pursuant to the Program, of the Director to receive payment of the Phantom Share Value.
“Phantom Share Value” means, per Phantom Share, the Fair Market Value of a Share of Common Stock.
“Program” means the Gramercy Property Trust Inc. Directors’ Deferral Program (previously known as the Gramercy Capital Corp. Directors’ Deferral Program), as set forth herein and as the same may from time to time be amended.
“Shares” means shares of Common Stock of the Company.
“Termination of Service” means a Director’s termination of service with the Company, within the meaning of section 409A of the Code and Treasury Regulation section 1.409A-1(h).
2. Administration of Program.
The Board shall have full power and authority to interpret the Program, to prescribe, amend and rescind any rules, forms and procedures as it deems necessary or appropriate for the proper administration of the Program and to make any other determinations and to take any other such actions as it deems necessary or advisable in carrying out its duties under the Program. All actions taken by the Board arising out of, or in connection with, the administration of the Program or any rules adopted thereunder, shall, in each case, lie within its sole discretion, and shall be final, conclusive and binding upon the Company, the Board, all Participants, all beneficiaries of Participants and all persons and entities having an interest therein, and a Participant’s participation in the Program shall constitute that Participant’s acknowledgement and acceptance of the Board’s authority and discretion. The Board may from time to time adopt rules and regulations governing the operation of this Program and may employ and rely on such employees of the Company, legal counsel, accountants, and agents, as it may deem advisable to assist in the administration of the Program. All expenses of administering the Program shall be paid by the Company. Any decisions, actions or interpretations to be made under the Program by the Board shall be made in its sole discretion, not as a fiduciary and need not be uniformly applied to similarly situated individuals and shall be final, binding and conclusive on all persons interested in the Program.
3. Effective Date of Program. The Program initially became effective in 2005. The Program, as amended and restated herein, is effective as of January 1, 2015. The Program, as amended and restated herein, covers any Participant who was entitled to receive a benefit under the Program as of December 31, 2014, but did not receive full payment of his benefit under the Program as of such date, as well as any Director who becomes a Participant in the Program on or after January 1, 2015. Distributions commencing prior to the January 1, 2015, and deferrals for calendar years prior to January 1, 2015, are governed by the terms of the Program as it existed prior to January 1, 2015.
4. Eligibility.
Except as otherwise determined by the Board, each individual who is a Director of the Company shall be eligible to participate in the Program.
5. Deferral of Fees.
5.1 Types of Fees. In consideration of each Director’s service as a member of the Board, each Director may be eligible from time to time, under the Company’s director compensation arrangements, to receive as compensation: (i) quarterly retainer fees (“Quarterly Retainer Fees”); (ii) in the case of the chairman of the Board or lead independent Director of the Board, additional periodic retainer fees (“Chairman of the Board Retainer Fees”); (iii) in the case of the chairman of each of the committees of the Board, additional periodic retainer fees (“Committee Chairmen Retainer Fees”); (iv) a fee per Board meeting attended (a “Board Meeting Fee”); and (v) a fee per committee meeting attended (a “Committee Meeting Fee”). These amounts may be deferred under the Program, as set forth herein.
5.2 Election to Defer.
(a) Retainer Fees. Each Director may elect to defer up to 100% (in increments of 1%) of the Director’s Quarterly Retainer Fees and, if applicable, Chairmen of the Board Retainer Fees and Committee Chairman Retainer Fees (collectively, the “Retainer Fees”) for a calendar year; provided, however, that the Director must elect to defer at least 50% of such Retainer Fees and the percentage of deferral of such Retainer Fees shall be the same percentage. With respect to a Director’s election to defer all or a portion (i.e., at least 50%) of his Retainer Fees for a calendar year, such election shall be made at such time prior to January 1 of the calendar year to which such election to defer shall apply as provided in Section 5.2(c).
(b) Meeting Fees. Each Director who makes an election to defer all or a portion of his Retainer Fees as provided in Section 5.2(a) for a calendar year, may also elect to defer his Board Meeting Fees and Committee Meeting Fees for such calendar year (collectively, the “Meeting Fees”). Each Director who is eligible to defer his Meeting Fees may elect to defer up to 100% (in increments of 1%) of such Meeting Fees for a calendar year; provided, however, that the percentage of deferral of such Meeting Fees shall be the same percentage. With respect to a Participant’s election to defer all or a portion of the Meeting Fees for a calendar year, such election shall be made at such time prior to January 1 of the calendar year to which such election to defer shall apply as provided in Section 5.2(c)
2 |
(c) Election Form/Timing of Deferral Election. The elections to defer described in Section 5.2(a) and (b) shall be made in writing on an election form (the “Election Form”). The Election Form for a calendar year must be returned to the Company prior to January 1 of the calendar year to which such election to defer shall apply, but in no event later than the December 31 of the calendar year that immediately precedes such calendar year. Once submitted, the Election Form shall be irrevocable for the calendar year. Elections described in Section 5.2(a) and (b) shall continue in effect from year to year unless revoked or changed prior to the beginning of the applicable calendar year.
(d) Newly Eligible Directors. An individual who is first elected as a Director after the beginning of the calendar year may make an election to defer his Retainer Fees and Meeting Fees for such calendar year on an Election Form; provided, that the Election Form must be completed and returned to the Company within 30 days after the date such individual first becomes a Director; provided, however, for an individual to be deemed as initially eligible to participate in the Program pursuant to this Section 5.2(d) such individual must not have been eligible to participate in the Program (as well as any other plan that is required to be aggregated with the Program pursuant to Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(c)(2)) during the 24 month period ending on the date such individual is eligible to participate in the Program. Any election by a Director pursuant to this Section 5.2(d) to make a deferral of Retainer Fees and Meeting Fees shall apply only to the portion of Retainer Fees and Meeting Fees earned by the Director for services that are performed after the date on which such Election Form is filed with the Company. For purposes of clarity, this Section 5.2(d) is only available to an individual at the time such individual first becomes a Director.
6. Phantom Shares.
Retainer Fees and, if applicable, Meeting Fees, deferred under Section 5.2 of the Program shall be credited to such Participant in the form of Phantom Shares in the Participant’s Account. Phantom Shares are not actual Shares. The number of Phantom Shares to be credited with respect to Retainer Fees and, if applicable, Meeting Fees deferred pursuant to Section 5.2 shall be equal to (i) the amount of Retainer Fees and, if applicable, Meeting Fees, to be deferred, divided by (ii) the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date such Retainer Fees and, if applicable, Meeting Fees, otherwise would have been paid.
7. Dividend Equivalent Rights.
(a) Participants will receive a Dividend Equivalent Right in respect of any credited Phantom Shares, which right consists of the right to receive a cash payment in an amount equal to the regular cash dividend distributions paid on a Share from time to time. Except as provided in Section 7(b), payment in respect of a Dividend Equivalent Right shall be made at the same time as dividends are paid on the Common Stock.
(b) Instead of the form of payment as contemplated by Section 7(a) above, a Participant may elect, in accordance with the rules of Section 5.2(c), to have Phantom Shares credited in respect of the Dividend Equivalent Rights referred to in Section 7(a). The number of Phantom Shares (if any) to be credited with respect to a Dividend Equivalent Right shall be equal to (i) the amount of the payment in respect of the Dividend Equivalent Right otherwise to be made divided by (ii) the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date the corresponding dividend distribution is made to stockholders of the Company.
8. Account.
For each Participant, the Company shall establish and maintain a mere bookkeeping account, which bookkeeping account reflects the Phantom Shares that have been credited to the Participant under the Program (the “Account”). The Account shall not vest in the Participant or his beneficiary any right, title or interest in or to any specific assets of the Company. A separate subaccount under each Participant’s Account shall be established to record each year’s deferrals, and the credits and deductions with respect thereto.
9. Vesting.
Phantom Shares credited to the Participant’s Account shall be fully vested at the time of credit.
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10. Settlement.
Unless otherwise provided in the Election Form, distributions with respect to a Participant’s Account shall occur as soon as practicable on or after the first day of the month following the earlier of (i) the January 1 coincident with or next following (A) the Participant’s Termination of Service or (B) death and (ii) a Change in Control. The form of settlement of the Participant’s Account shall be in the form selected by the Participant in the Election Form, which may be in a single sum or in installments, over a period not to exceed ten years. Distributions with respect to Phantom Shares will be made in cash (in an amount equal to the number of Phantom Shares credited to the Participant’s Account to be distributed multiplied by the Phantom Share Value) or, if determined by the Board, in Shares (in an amount equal to the number of Phantom Shares credited to the Participant’s Account to be distributed), which Shares will be issued under the Equity Incentive Plan, as determined by the Board, pursuant to grants under such Equity Incentive Plan for purposes of the Program, including the 2004 Plan with respect to grants of Phantom Shares made under the 2004 Plan for purposes of the Program prior to July 27, 2014. Any fractional Phantom Shares will be paid out in cash at the Phantom Share Value as of the distribution date.
11. Amendment, Termination and Modification.
(a) The Board may amend the Program as it shall deem advisable, except that no amendment may adversely affect a Participant with respect to deferrals previously credited to the Participant’s Account unless such amendments are required in order to comply with applicable laws; provided that the Board may not make any amendment to the Program that would, if such amendment were not approved by the holders of the Common Stock, cause the Program to fail to comply with any requirement of applicable law or regulation, unless and until the approval of the holders of such Common Stock is obtained.
(b) The Board may make such changes to the Program as may be necessary or appropriate to comply with the rules and regulations of any government authority or to obtain tax benefits applicable to deferred equity units.
(c) The Board may terminate the Program at any time, subject to compliance with the requirements of section 409A of the Code and the regulations thereunder, including Treasury Regulation section 1.409A-3(j)(4)(ix).
12. Section 409A.
The Program is intended to comply with the applicable requirements of section 409A of the Code and its corresponding regulations and related guidance and shall be interpreted and administered in accordance with the requirements of section 409A of the Code to the extent that section 409A of the Code applies to the Program. Notwithstanding anything in the Program to the contrary, elections to defer Director’s fees under the Program, and distributions from the Program, may only be made in a manner and upon an event permitted under section 409A of the Code. To the extent any provision of the Program would cause a conflict with section 409A of the Code, or would cause the administration of the Program to fail to satisfy the requirements of section 409A of the Code, such provision shall be deemed null and void to the extent permitted by applicable law. Other than on a valid Election Form, in no event shall a Director, directly or indirectly, designate the calendar year of payment. Each subaccount maintained for a Participant for a particular calendar year shall be deemed as a separate account for purposes of section 409A of the Code with respect to subaccounts for other calendar years.
13. Miscellaneous.
(a) No Assignment. Rights to payments with respect to Phantom Shares credited under the Program shall not be subject in any manner to anticipation, alienation, sale, transfer, assignment, pledge, encumbrance, attachment, garnishment, levy, execution, or other legal or equitable process, either voluntary or involuntary; and any attempt to anticipate, alienate, sell, transfer, assign, pledge, encumber, attach or garnish, or levy or execute on any right to payments or other benefits hereunder, shall be void.
(b) Beneficiary. A Participant may designate in writing, on forms to be prescribed by the Board, a beneficiary or beneficiaries to receive any payments payable after his death and may amended or revoke such designation at any time. If no beneficiary designation is in effect at the time of the Participant’s death, payments hereunder shall be made to the Participant’s estate.
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(c) No Rights as Stockholder. No Phantom Shares shall be construed to give any Participant any rights with respect to Shares or any ownership interest in the Company. Except as may be provided under Section 7, no provision of the Program shall be interpreted to confer upon any Participant any voting, dividend or derivative or other similar rights with respect to any Phantom Share.
(d) Captions. The use of captions in the Program is for convenience. The captions are not intended to provide
substantive rights.
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Exhibit 10.27
2012 INDUCEMENT EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT
THIS AGREEMENT (“Agreement”) is made as of July , 2012 (the “Grant Date”), by Gramercy Property Trust Inc., a Maryland corporation (the “Company”), to (“Grantee”).
WHEREAS, the award granted pursuant to this Agreement is being made to Grantee pursuant to that certain Employment and Noncompetition Agreement, dated as of June , 2012, by and between the Company and Grantee (the “Employment Agreement”) in connection with the hiring of Grantee and is intended to constitute an employment inducement award pursuant to Section 303A.08 of the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company Manual;
WHEREAS, the Company maintains the 2012 Inducement Equity Incentive Plan (as amended from time to time, the “Plan”) (capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the respective meanings ascribed thereto by the Plan);
WHEREAS, Grantee is an employee of the Company; and
WHEREAS, the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Committee”) has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders to grant restricted stock units to Grantee subject to the terms and conditions set forth below.
NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS:
1. Grant of Restricted Stock Units. The Company hereby grants Grantee an award consisting of restricted stock units (the “Stock Units”). The Stock Units are subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the provisions of the Plan.
2. Vesting and Settlement of Restricted Stock Units (Pre-Change-in-Control).
(a) | Prior to a Change-in-Control and subject to accelerated vesting as provided in the Employment Agreement, the number of Stock Units set forth beside such Vesting Date in the table below shall vest if (i) Grantee remains continuously employed by the Company through such date and (ii) either of the following performance hurdles is achieved: (A) the Company achieves funds from operations (“FFO”) per diluted share for the most recent prior fiscal year at an amount to be agreed upon by Grantee and the Company, and with such adjustments to FFO as are agreed upon by Grantee and the Company, within 30 days of the Grant Date, or (B) the Company’s Measurement Stock Price equals or exceeds the Stock Price Target for such Vesting Date (less the per share amount of all dividends declared and paid on Common Stock with an ex-dividend date occurring between the Grant Date and the last day in the 30-day period actually used to calculate the Measurement Stock Price as of such Vesting Date). If Stock Units set forth beside a Vesting Date do not vest because the performance hurdles for such Vesting Date are not met, such Stock Units will vest if (i) Grantee remains continuously employed by the Company through any future Vesting Date and (ii) either of the following performance hurdles is achieved: (A) the FFO per diluted share hurdles have been met on a cumulative basis from 2012 through the most recent fiscal year prior to such future Vesting Date or (B) the Company’s Measurement Stock Price equals or exceeds the Stock Price Target for such future Vesting Date (less the per share amount of all dividends declared and paid on Common Stock with an ex-dividend date occurring between the Grant Date and the last day in the 30-day period actually used to calculate the Measurement Stock Price as of such Vesting Date). |
Vesting Date | Number of Stock Units | Stock Price Target | ||||||
June , 2013 | $3.00 | |||||||
June , 2014 | $3.50 | |||||||
June , 2015 | $4.00 | |||||||
June , 2016 | $4.50 | |||||||
June , 2017 | $5.00 |
(b) | As soon as practicable (but in no event later than 74 days) following each Vesting Date that occurs prior to a Change-in-Control, the Committee will determine the number of Stock Units that vest as a result of the satisfaction of the vesting requirements as of such Vesting Date (the “Earned Stock Units” for such Vesting Date). On the date of such determination with respect to such Earned Stock Units (the “Issuance Date” for the shares of Common Stock issued in respect of such Earned Stock Units), such Earned Stock Units will vest, the Company will issue to Grantee a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of such Earned Stock Units and such Earned Stock Units shall be canceled. The payment of such Earned Stock Units is intended to comply with the requirements for a “short term deferral” under Section 409A of the Code and this Agreement and the Stock Units will be construed and administered to comply with such requirements. |
(c) | Any Stock Units not previously forfeited that do not vest on or before the date on which the Committee has determined the number of Earned Stock Units for last Vesting Date set forth above shall, with no further action, be forfeited by Grantee upon the date of such determination. |
3. Vesting and Settlement of Restricted Stock Units (On or After a Change-in-Control).
(a) | In the event of a Change-in-Control, the achievement of the performance hurdles applicable to all Stock Units that have not been previously forfeited or become Earned Stock Units as a result of the satisfaction of the vesting requirements as of a Vesting Date occurring prior to such Change-in-Control will be measured as of such Change-in-Control. The performance hurdles shall be deemed to be achieved with respect to a number of Stock Units equal to (i) the greater of (A) a number of Stock Units equal to the Change-in-Control Amount set forth in the table below based on the attainment of the corresponding Measurement Stock Price as of the date of the Change-in-Control (less the per share amount of all dividends declared and paid on Common Stock with an ex-dividend date occurring between the Grant Date and the date of the Change-in-Control), and (B) if the FFO hurdles referred to in Section 2(a) above have been met on a cumulative basis through the most recent quarter prior to the consummation of the Change-in-Control, then a number of Stock Units equal to 750,000 multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of fiscal quarters that have elapsed from the Grant Date to and including the most recently completed fiscal quarter, and the denominator of which is 20, less (ii) the number of Stock Units that have become Earned Stock Units as a result of the satisfaction of the vesting requirements as of a Vesting Date occurring prior to such Change-in-Control. |
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Change-in-Control Amount | Measurement Stock Price | ||
$0.00 - $2.99 | |||
$3.00 - $3.49 | |||
$3.50 - $3.99 | |||
$4.00 - $4.49 | |||
$4.50 - $4.99 | |||
$5.00 + |
(b) | Upon the date of a Change-in-Control, the Committee will determine the number of Stock Units with respect to which the performance hurdles will be deemed to be achieved as of the Change-in-Control. All Stock Units with respect to which performance hurdles are not deemed to be achieved as of the Change-in-Control and that have not become Earned Stock Units as a result of the satisfaction of the vesting requirements as of a Vesting Date occurring prior to such Change-in-Control shall, with no further action, be forfeited by Grantee upon the date of such Change-in-Control. Following a Change-in-Control, performance hurdles will cease to apply to Stock Units with respect to which performance hurdles are deemed to be achieved, and, subject to accelerated vesting as provided in the Employment Agreement, such Stock Units will vest in equal installments on each of the remaining Vesting Dates set forth in Section 2(a) above subject to continued employment by the Company through each of such Vesting Dates. Stock Units that vest on or after a Change-in-Control will be considered Earned Stock Units, and, on the date on which any such Earned Stock Unit vests (which shall be the Issuance Date for the shares of Common Stock issued in respect of such Earned Stock Units), the Company will issue to Grantee a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of such Earned Stock Units and such Earned Stock Units shall be canceled. The payment of such Earned Stock Units is intended to comply with the requirements for a “short term deferral” under Section 409A of the Code and this Agreement and the Stock Units will be construed and administered to comply with such requirements. |
4. Payment of Dividend Equivalent. On the Issuance Date for shares of Common Stock pursuant to Sections 2(b) or 3(b) above, the Company will pay to Grantee, in cash, an amount equal to the aggregate dividends that would have been paid with respect to such shares on or before the Issuance Date for such shares if such shares had been issued on the Grant Date. With respect to dividends with a record date prior to such Issuance Date and a payment date after such Issuance Date, the Company will pay Grantee, in cash, on the respective payment dates for such dividends, an amount equal to the amount of such dividends that would have been paid with respect to the shares of Common Stock issued on such Issuance Date as if they had been issued prior to the record date for such dividends. The payment of any such dividend equivalents is intended to comply with the requirements for a “short term deferral” under Section 409A of the Code and this Agreement and such equivalents will be construed and administered to comply with such requirements.
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5. Restrictions and Conditions. Subject to the provisions of the Plan and this Agreement, except as may otherwise be permitted by the Committee (after consideration of, among other things, any applicable securities and tax law considerations) in connection with Grantee’s trust or estate planning, Grantee shall not be permitted voluntarily or involuntarily to sell, assign, transfer, or otherwise encumber or dispose of the Stock Units or this award; provided that the foregoing restriction shall not apply to shares of Common Stock actually issued to Grantee pursuant to Sections 2(b) or 3(b) above. Except as may be provided in the Employment Agreement, upon the termination of Grantee’s employment with the Company for any reason, all Stock Units that have not vested shall thereupon, and with no further action, be forfeited by Grantee; provided however, that if such termination occurs after a Vesting Date, but prior to the date on which the Committee has determined the number of Earned Stock Units for such Vesting Date, then such forfeiture shall not occur until the date of such determination and shall only apply to the then outstanding Stock Units that do not become Earned Stock Units for such Vesting Date.
6. Definitions. Capitalized terms used herein without definitions shall have the meanings given to those terms in the Plan. In addition, as used herein:
“Change-in-Control” means:
(a) any “person,” including a “group” (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act, but excluding the Company, any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Company, any trustee, fiduciary or other person or entity holding securities under any employee benefit plan or trust of the Company or any such entity, and the Grantee and any “group” (as such term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) of which the Grantee is a member), is or becomes the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13(d)(3) under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing 25% or more of either (1) the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding securities or (2) the then outstanding Common Stock (or other similar equity interest, in the case of a company other than a corporation), in either such case other than as a result of an acquisition of securities directly from the Company; or
(b) there shall occur any consolidation or merger of the Company that would result in the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation representing (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the surviving entity) less than 50% of the total voting power of the voting securities of the surviving entity outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation or ceasing to have the power to elect at least a majority of the board of directors or other governing body of such surviving entity; or
(c) there shall occur (1) any sale, lease, exchange or other transfer (in one transaction or a series of transactions contemplated or arranged by any party as a single plan) of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, other than a sale or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets to an entity at least 50% of the combined voting power of the voting securities of which are owned by “persons” (as defined above) in substantially the same proportion as their ownership of the Company, as applicable, immediately prior to such sale, or (2) the approval by shareholders of the Company, as applicable, of any plan or proposal for the liquidation or dissolution of the Company, as applicable; or
(d) the members of the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) at the beginning of any consecutive 24-calendar-month period (the “Incumbent Directors”) cease for any reason other than due to death to constitute at least a majority of the members of the Board; provided that any director whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s shareholders was approved or ratified by a vote of at least a majority of the Incumbent Directors shall be deemed to be an Incumbent Director.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Change-in-Control shall not be deemed to have occurred upon the sale, lease, exchange or other transfer by the Company or its direct and indirect subsidiaries of (1) all of their collateral management agreements (or their rights thereunder) with respect to the assets owned by the indirect subsidiaries of the Company that have issued CDO bonds that are outstanding as of the date hereof (the “CDO Entities”), (2) all or substantially all of their interests in (or the underlying assets of) the CDO Entities, and/or (3) all or substantially all of the assets of the Company and its direct and indirect subsidiaries relating to the CDO Entities or the Company’s mortgage business generally.
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“Common Stock” means the Company’s Common Stock, par value $.001 per share, either currently existing or authorized hereafter.
“Common Stock Price” means, as of a particular date, the average of the Fair Market Values of one share of the Common Stock for the thirty (30) trading days ending on, and including, such date (or, if such date is not a trading day, the most recent trading day immediately preceding such date); provided that appropriate adjustment will be made if any of such trading days is the ex-dividend date for a dividend or other distribution on the Common Stock and provided, further, that if such date is the date upon which a Transactional Change-in-Control occurs, the Common Stock Price as of such date shall be equal to the fair market value in cash, as determined by the Committee, of the total consideration paid or payable in the transaction resulting in the Transactional Change-in-Control for one share of Common Stock.
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
“Fair Market Value” per share of Common Stock as of a particular date means (i) if shares of Common Stock are then listed on a national stock exchange, the closing sales price per share on the exchange for such date, as determined by the Committee, (ii) if shares of Common Stock are not then listed on a national stock exchange but are then traded on an over-the-counter market, the average of the closing bid and asked prices for the shares of Common Stock in such over-the-counter market for such date, as determined by the Committee, or (iii) if shares of Common Stock are not then listed on a national stock exchange or traded on an over-the-counter market, such value as the Committee in its discretion may in good faith determine; provided that, where the shares of Common Stock are so listed or traded, the Committee may make such discretionary determinations where the shares of Common Stock have not been traded for 10 trading days.
“Measurement Stock Price” means, as of a particular date, the highest Common Stock Price where each of the days included in the 30-day period used to calculate such Common Stock Price is within the period of one hundred and twenty (120) days immediately preceding such date; provided, however, that if such date is the date upon which a Transactional Change-in-Control occurs, the Measurement Stock Price shall be equal to the Common Stock Price on such date.
“Transactional Change-in-Control” means (a) a Change-in-Control described in clause (a) of the definition thereof where the “person” or “group” makes a tender offer for Common Stock, or (b) a Change-in-Control described in clauses (b) or (c)(1) of the definition thereof.
7. Miscellaneous.
(a) | Amendments. This Agreement may be amended or modified only with the consent of the Company; provided that any amendment or modification which adversely affects Grantee must be consented to by Grantee to be effective as against him. |
(b) | Incorporation of Plan. The provisions of the Plan are hereby incorporated by reference as if set forth herein. If and to the extent that any provision contained in this Agreement is inconsistent with the Plan, this Agreement shall govern. |
(c) | Entire Agreement. This Agreement contains the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements, written or oral, with respect thereto, except as set forth in Sections 2(a), 3(b) and 5 above relating to certain provisions of the Employment Agreement. |
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(d) | Rules and Regulations. The Committee may make such rules and regulations and establish such procedures for the administration of this Agreement as it deems appropriate. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Committee may interpret this Agreement, with such interpretations to be conclusive and binding on all persons and otherwise accorded the maximum deference permitted by law, provided that the Committee’s interpretation shall not be entitled to deference on and after a Change-in-Control except to the extent that such interpretations are made exclusively by members of the Committee who are individuals who served as Committee members before the Change-in-Control. In the event of any dispute or disagreement as to the interpretation of this Agreement or of any rule, regulation or procedure, or as to any question, right or obligation arising from or related to this Agreement, the decision of the Committee shall be final and binding upon all persons. |
(e) | Severability. In the event that one or more of the provisions of this Agreement may be invalidated for any reason by a court, any provision so invalidated will be deemed to be separable from the other provisions hereof, and the remaining provisions hereof will continue to be valid and fully enforceable. |
(f) | Governing Law. This Agreement is made under, and will be construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to the principle of conflict of laws of such State. |
(g) | Rights of Grantee. This award shall be considered an “Other Equity-Based Award” granted pursuant to Section 9 of the Plan. Except as expressly provided otherwise herein, Grantee shall not be deemed the holder of, or have any of the rights of a holder with respect to, any shares of Common Stock that may be issued in respect of Stock Units awarded hereunder unless and until such shares have actually been issued. Thereupon, Grantee shall have all the rights of a stockholder with respect to such shares, including voting, dividend and other ownership rights. |
(h) | No Obligation to Continue Position as an Officer or to Employ. Neither the Company nor any affiliate is obligated by or as a result of this Agreement to continue to have Grantee as an officer or to employ Grantee and this Agreement shall not interfere in any way with the right of the Company or any affiliate to terminate Grantee as an officer or employee at any time. |
(i) | No Waiver. The failure of Grantee or the Company to insist upon strict compliance with any provision of this Agreement or the Plan, or to assert any right Grantee or the Company, respectively, may have under this Agreement or the Plan, shall not be deemed to be a waiver of such provision or right or any other provision or right of this Agreement or the Plan. |
(j) | Notices. Notices hereunder shall be in writing, and shall be mailed or delivered to the Company at its principal place of business and shall be mailed or delivered to Grantee at the address on file with the Company or, in either case, at such other address as one party may subsequently furnish to the other party in writing. |
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(k) | Withholding and Taxes. No later than the date as of which an amount first becomes includible in the gross income of Grantee for income tax purposes or subject to Federal Insurance Contributions Act withholding with respect to this Agreement, Grantee will pay to the Company or, if appropriate, any of its affiliates, or make arrangements satisfactory to the Committee regarding the payment of, any United States federal, state or local or foreign taxes of any kind required by law to be withheld with respect to such amount. The obligations of the Company under this Agreement will be conditional on such payment or arrangements, and the Company and its affiliates shall, to the extent permitted by law, have the right to deduct any such taxes from any payment otherwise due to Grantee. |
(k) | Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon the Company’s successors and assigns, whether or not this Agreement is expressly assumed. |
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Agreement to be executed as of the date first set forth above.
GRAMERCY PROPERTY TRUST INC. | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: | ||
GRANTEE | ||
Name: |
[Signature Page to Restricted Stock Unit Award]
Exhibit 10.28
2012 INDUCEMENT EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD
THIS AWARD (“Award”) is made as of July , 2012 (“Grant Date”), by Gramercy Property Trust Inc., a Maryland corporation (the “Company”), to (“Grantee”).
WHEREAS, this Award is being made to Grantee pursuant to that certain Employment and Noncompetition Agreement, dated as of June , 2012, by and between the Company and Grantee (the “Employment Agreement”) in connection with the hiring of Grantee and is intended to constitute an employment inducement award pursuant to Section 303A.08 of the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company Manual;
WHEREAS, the Company maintains the 2012 Inducement Equity Incentive Plan (as amended from time to time, the “Plan”) (capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the respective meanings ascribed thereto by the Plan);
WHEREAS, Grantee is an employee of the Company; and
WHEREAS, the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Committee”) has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders to grant restricted stock to Grantee subject to the terms and conditions set forth below.
NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS:
1. Grant of Restricted Stock. The Company hereby grants Grantee restricted shares of Common Stock of the Company (the “Restricted Stock”). The Restricted Stock is subject to the terms and conditions of this Award and is also subject to the provisions of the Plan.
2. Restrictions and Conditions. The Restricted Stock shall be subject to the following restrictions and conditions:
(a) The period of forfeiture with respect to the Restricted Stock (the “Restriction Period”) shall begin on the date hereof and shall end with respect to (i) shares of Common Stock of the Company on June , 2013, (ii) shares of Common Stock of the Company on June , 2014, (iii) shares of Common Stock of the Company on June , 2015, (iv) shares of Common Stock of the Company on June , 2016, and (v) the remaining shares of Common Stock of the Company on June , 2017. Subject to the provisions of the Plan and this Award, during the Restriction Period, except as may otherwise be permitted by the Committee (after consideration of, among other things, any applicable securities and tax considerations) in connection with Grantee’s trust or estate planning, Grantee shall not be permitted voluntarily or involuntarily to assign, transfer, or otherwise encumber or dispose of shares of Restricted Stock awarded under the Plan.
(b) The rules governing the vesting of the Restricted Stock on and after Grantee’s termination of service from the Company, and accelerated vesting of the Restricted Stock, as well as the rules governing forfeiture of the Restricted Stock (all of the foregoing, collectively, the “Applicable Rules”), shall be subject to the provisions of the Employment Agreement and any other agreement in effect from time to time between Grantee and the Company (or any affiliate of the Company) that would supplement or otherwise alter the Applicable Rules.
(c) Notwithstanding anything in the Plan to the contrary, Grantee shall be entitled to receive any cash dividends on any shares of Restricted Stock (whether or not then subject to restrictions) which have not been forfeited.
3. Miscellaneous.
(a) Amendments. This Award may be amended or modified only with the consent of the Company; provided that any amendment or modification which adversely affects Grantee must be consented to by Grantee to be effective as against him.
(b) Incorporation of Plan. The provisions of the Plan are hereby incorporated by reference as if set forth herein. If and to the extent that any provision contained in this Award is inconsistent with the Plan, this Award shall govern.
(c) Entire Agreement. This Award contains the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements, written or oral, with respect thereto, except as set forth in Section 2(b) above.
(d) Rules and Regulations. The Committee may make such rules and regulations and establish such procedures for the administration of this Award as it deems appropriate. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Committee may interpret this Award, with such interpretations to be conclusive and binding on all persons and otherwise accorded the maximum deference permitted by law, provided that the Committee’s interpretation shall not be entitled to deference on and after a Change-in-Control except to the extent that such interpretations are made exclusively by members of the Committee who are individuals who served as Committee members before the Change-in-Control. In the event of any dispute or disagreement as to the interpretation of this Award or of any rule, regulation or procedure, or as to any question, right or obligation arising from or related to this Award, the decision of the Committee shall be final and binding upon all persons.
(e) Severability. In the event that one or more of the provisions of this Award may be invalidated for any reason by a court, any provision so invalidated will be deemed to be separable from the other provisions hereof, and the remaining provisions hereof will continue to be valid and fully enforceable.
(f) Governing Law. This Award is made under, and will be construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to the principle of conflict of laws of such State.
(g) No Obligation to Continue Position as an Officer or to Employ. Neither the Company nor any affiliate is obligated by or as a result of this Award to continue to have Grantee as an officer or to employ Grantee and this Award shall not interfere in any way with the right of the Company or any affiliate to terminate Grantee as an officer or employee at any time.
2 |
(h) No Waiver. The failure of Grantee or the Company to insist upon strict compliance with any provision of this Award or the Plan, or to assert any right Grantee or the Company, respectively, may have under this Award or the Plan, shall not be deemed to be a waiver of such provision or right or any other provision or right of this Award or the Plan.
(i) Notices. Notices hereunder shall be in writing, and shall be mailed or delivered to the Company at its principal place of business and shall be mailed or delivered to Grantee at the address on file with the Company or, in either case, at such other address as one party may subsequently furnish to the other party in writing.
(j) Withholding and Taxes. No later than the date as of which an amount first becomes includible in the gross income of Grantee for income tax purposes or subject to Federal Insurance Contributions Act withholding with respect to the Award, Grantee will pay to the Company or, if appropriate, any of its affiliates, or make arrangements satisfactory to the Committee regarding the payment of, any United States federal, state or local or foreign taxes of any kind required by law to be withheld with respect to such amount. The obligations of the Company under this Award will be conditional on such payment or arrangements, and the Company and its affiliates shall, to the extent permitted by law, have the right to deduct any such taxes from any payment otherwise due to Grantee.
(k) Successors and Assigns. This Award shall be binding upon the Company’s successors and assigns, whether or not this Award is expressly assumed.
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Award to be executed as of the date first set forth above.
GRAMERCY PROPERTY TRUST INC. | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: | ||
GRANTEE | ||
Name: |
[Signature Page to Restricted Stock Award]
Exhibit 12.1
Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
Ratio of Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends
(Dollars in Thousands)
For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||||||||
Earnings: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations, pre-tax | $ | 56,002 | $ | (1,779) | $ | (15,011) | $ | (20,340) | $ | (25,962) | ||||||||||
Add (Subtract): | ||||||||||||||||||||
Loss (income) from joint ventures and equity investments | (1,959) | 5,662 | 2,904 | (121) | 303 | |||||||||||||||
Distributions from joint ventures and equity investments | 3,373 | 7,985 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Fixed charges | 16,857 | 16,386 | 88,159 | 186,620 | 201,653 | |||||||||||||||
Capitalized interest | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Income before fixed charges and preferred stock dividends | $ | 74,273 | $ | 28,254 | $ | 76,052 | $ | 166,159 | $ | 175,994 | ||||||||||
Fixed charges: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense | $ | 16,857 | $ | 16,386 | $ | 88,159 | $ | 186,620 | $ | 201,653 | ||||||||||
Capitalized interest | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Total fixed charges | 16,857 | 16,386 | 88,159 | 186,620 | 201,653 | |||||||||||||||
Preferred stock dividends | 7,349 | 7,162 | 7,162 | 7,162 | 8,798 | |||||||||||||||
Total fixed charges and preferred stock dividends | $ | 24,206 | $ | 23,548 | $ | 95,321 | $ | 193,782 | $ | 210,451 | ||||||||||
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges | 4.4x | 1.7x | 0.9x | 0.9x | 0.9x | |||||||||||||||
Deficiency | N/A | N/A | $ | 12,107 | $ | 20,461 | $ | 25,659 | ||||||||||||
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges and preferred stock dividends | 3.1x | 1.2x | 0.8x | 0.9x | 0.8x | |||||||||||||||
Deficiency | N/A | $ | N/A | $ | 19,269 | $ | 27,623 | $ | 34,457 |
Exhibit 21.1
Subsidiaries of Gramercy Property Trust Inc.
ENTITY | JURISDICTION | |
GPT Property Trust LP | Delaware | |
GKK Management Co. LLC | Delaware | |
GPT GIG BOA Portfolio Owner LLC | Delaware | |
GPT European Fund Owner LLC | Delaware | |
GPT European Fund Manager Owner LLC | Delaware | |
GPT European Fund Carry Owner LLC | Delaware | |
GPT Gramercy Europe Limited Owner LLC | Delaware | |
Gramercy Investment Trust | Maryland | |
Gramercy Investment Trust II | Maryland |
Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements:
(i) | Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-121051) pertaining to the Gramercy Property Trust Inc. Equity Incentive Plan; | |
(ii) | Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-149838) pertaining to the Gramercy Property Trust Inc. 2008 Employee Stock Purchase Plan; | |
(iii) | Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-182477) pertaining to the Gramercy Property Trust Inc. 2012 Inducement Equity Incentive Plan; | |
(iv) | Registration Statement (Form S-3 No. 333-200606); | |
(v) | Registration Statement (Form S-3 No. 333-198406); | |
(vi) | Registration Statement (Form S-3 No. 333-197343); | |
(vii) | Registration Statement (Form S-3 No. 333-194976); and | |
(viii) | Registration Statement (Form S-3 No. 333-194967); |
of our reports dated March 9, 2015 with respect to the Consolidated Financial Statements and schedules of Gramercy Property Trust Inc., and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Gramercy Property Trust Inc., included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2014.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP | |
New York, New York | |
March 9, 2015 |
Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION
I, Gordon F. DuGan, certify that:
1. | I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Gramercy Property Trust Inc. (the “registrant”); |
2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
4. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
(a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
(b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
(c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
(d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
5. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
(a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
(b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. |
Date: March 9, 2015
/s/ | Gordon F. DuGan | |
Name: Gordon F. DuGan | ||
Title: Chief Executive Officer |
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION
I, Jon W. Clark, certify that:
1. | I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Gramercy Property Trust Inc. (the “registrant”); |
2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
4. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
(a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
(b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
(c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
(d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
5. | The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
(a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
(b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. |
Date: March 9, 2015
/s/ | Jon W. Clark | |
Name: Jon W. Clark | ||
Title: Chief Financial Officer |
Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report of Gramercy Property Trust Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Gordon F. DuGan, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
1. | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and |
2. | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
/s/ | Gordon F. DuGan | |
Name: Gordon F. DuGan | ||
Title: Chief Executive Officer |
Date: March 9, 2015
Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report of Gramercy Property Trust Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Jon W. Clark, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
1. | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and |
2. | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
/s/ | Jon W. Clark | |
Name: Jon W. Clark | ||
Title: Chief Financial Officer |
Date: March 9, 2015
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