-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, V0NTb0PhxBp41qX1kPucrsoif92XhCjFxLMiPLPbqQ69K3aRz2ie3+jD9oGHlKTc KlTGhEtEFsmdw3u9OHNsyw== 0001104659-06-016207.txt : 20060313 0001104659-06-016207.hdr.sgml : 20060313 20060313172605 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001104659-06-016207 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 10 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20051231 FILED AS OF DATE: 20060313 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20060313 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: GRAMERCY CAPITAL CORP CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001287701 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUSTS [6798] IRS NUMBER: 061722127 STATE OF INCORPORATION: MD FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-32248 FILM NUMBER: 06682950 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 420 LEXINGTON AVE CITY: NEW YORK STATE: NY ZIP: 10170 BUSINESS PHONE: 2125942700 10-K 1 a06-1973_110k.htm ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 AND 15(D)

 

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-K

 

ý  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005

 

or

 

o  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from               to              .

 

Commission File No. 1-32248

 

GRAMERCY CAPITAL CORP.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Maryland

 

06-1722127

(State or other jurisdiction
incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer of
Identification No.)

 

420 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10170
(Address of principal executive offices - zip code)

 

(212) 297-1000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:

 

Title of Each Class

 

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered

 

 

 

Common Stock, $.001 Par Value

 

New York Stock Exchange

 

SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT: None

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes o  No ý.

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o  No ý.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý  No o.

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer” and “non-accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer  o  Accelerated Filer  ý  Non-accelerated filer  o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o  No ý.

 

As of March 13, 2006, there were 22,805,642 shares of the Registrant’s common stock outstanding. The aggregate market value of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant (16,379,809 shares) at September 14, 2005, was $422,762,870. The aggregate market value was calculated by using the price at which our common stock was last sold, which was $25.81 per share on September 14, 2005.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement for the 2006 Annual Stockholders’ Meeting to be held May 17, 2006 and to be filed within 120 days after the close of the Registrant’s fiscal year are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

 



 

GRAMERCY CAPITAL CORP.
FORM 10-K
TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

10-K PART AND ITEM NO.

 

PART I

 

 

 

 

1.

Business

 

 

 

 

1A,

Risk Factors

 

 

 

 

1B.

Unresolved Staff Comments

 

 

 

 

2.

Properties

 

 

 

 

3.

Legal Proceedings

 

 

 

 

4.

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

 

 

 

 

PART II

 

 

 

 

5.

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholders Matters

 

 

 

 

6.

Selected Financial Data

 

 

 

 

7.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

 

 

 

7A.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

 

 

 

 

8.

Financial Statements and Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

9.

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

 

 

 

 

9A.

Controls and Procedures

 

 

 

 

9B.

Other Information

 

 

 

 

PART III

 

 

 

 

10.

Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant

 

 

 

 

11.

Executive Compensation

 

 

 

 

12.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

 

 

 

 

13.

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

 

 

 

 

14.

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

 

 

 

 

PART IV

 

 

 

 

15.

Exhibits, Financial Statements, Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K

 

 

 

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

 

i



 

PART I

 

ITEM 1.          BUSINESS

 

General

 

Gramercy Capital Corp. (the “Company” or “Gramercy”) is a national commercial real estate specialty finance company that specializes in the direct origination and acquisition of whole loans, subordinate interests in whole loans, mezzanine loans, preferred equity, and net lease investments involving commercial properties throughout the United States. When evaluating transactions, we assess our risk-adjusted return and target transactions with yields that ensure an equitable balance between risks and return. We invest in assets with the potential for appreciation, in addition to providing current income. We have elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, under the Internal Revenue Code and generally will not be subject to federal income taxes to the extent we distribute our income to our stockholders.

 

Gramercy was formed in April 2004 and we completed our initial public offering in August 2004. Substantially all of Gramercy’s operations are conducted through GKK Capital LP, a Delaware limited partnership, or the Operating Partnership. Gramercy, as the sole general partner of, and holder of 100% of the common units of, the Operating Partnership, has responsibility and discretion in the management and control of the Operating Partnership, and the limited partners of the Operating Partnership, in such capacity, have no authority to transact business for, or participate in the management activities of, the Operating Partnership. Accordingly, we consolidate the accounts of the Operating Partnership.

 

We are externally managed and advised by GKK Manager LLC, or the Manager, a majority-owned subsidiary of SL Green Realty Corp. (NYSE: SLG), or SL Green. At December 31, 2005, SL Green also owned approximately 25% of the outstanding shares of our common stock.

 

As of December 31, 2005, we held loans and other lending investments of $1.2 billion net of fees, discounts, repayments, asset sales and unfunded commitments with an average spread to the London Inter-Bank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, of 417 basis points for our floating rate investments and an average yield of 9.92% for our fixed rate investments. As of December 31, 2005, we also held interests in three net lease investments totaling $109.2 million comprised of the $51.2 million carrying value of 200 Franklin Square Drive, a 200,000 square foot building in Somerset, New Jersey which is 100% net leased to Philips Holding USA Inc, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Royal Philips Electronics, through December 2021 and $58.0 million in joint venture investments.

 

Our corporate offices are located in midtown Manhattan at 420 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10170. We do not currently have any employees, nor do we anticipate hiring any employees in the near term. Our executive officers are all employed by our Manager or SL Green. We can be contacted at (212) 297-1000. We maintain a website at www.gramercycapitalcorp.com. On our website, you can obtain, free of charge, a copy of our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as soon as practicable after we file such material electronically with, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission. We have also made available on our website our audit committee charter, compensation committee charter, nominating and corporate governance committee charter, code of business conduct and ethics and corporate governance principles.

 

Unless the context requires otherwise, all references to “we,” “our,” and “us” in this annual report means Gramercy Capital Corp., a Maryland corporation, and one or more of its subsidiaries, including GKK Capital LP, a Delaware limited partnership.

 

Corporate Structure

 

Substantially all of our assets are held by, and all of our operations are conducted through, our Operating Partnership. We are the sole general partner and sole owner of the Class A limited partner interests of the Operating Partnership. At December 31, 2005, the majority of the Class B limited partnership interests were owned by our Manager and SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. Interests were also held by certain officers and employees of SL Green Realty Corp., including some of whom are among our executive officers, which interests are subject to performance thresholds. To provide an incentive for the Manager to enhance the value of the common stock, the holders of the Class B limited partner interests of the Operating Partnership are entitled to an incentive return equal to 25% of the amount by which funds from operations (as defined in the partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership) plus certain accounting gains exceed the product of the weighted average stockholders equity (as defined in the partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership) multiplied by 9.5% (divided by 4 to adjust

 

1



 

for quarterly calculations).

 

As of December 31, 2005, the majority of the interests in our Manager were held by SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. Interests were also held by certain officers and employees of SL Green Realty Corp., including some of whom are among our executive officers, which interests are subject to performance thresholds. We pay to the Manager a base management fee equal to one and three-quarters of one percent (1.75%) of our stockholders’ equity (as defined in the management agreement with the Manager) inclusive of the trust preferred securities issued on May 20, 2005 and August 9, 2005. In addition, we are obligated to reimburse the Manager for its costs incurred under an asset servicing agreement and a separate outsource agreement between the Manager and SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. The asset servicing agreement provides for an annual fee payable to SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. by us of 0.15% of the book value of our investments, which amount SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. has agreed to reduce for certain investments, and which fee may be further reduced by SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. for fees paid directly to outside servicers by us. The outsourcing agreement currently provides for an annual fee payable by us of $1.28 million per year, increasing 3% annually over the prior year, for management services outlined in the agreement. The asset servicing and outsourcing agreements allow us to leverage the experience, resources and relationships SL Green has established while maintaining a moderate level of corporate overhead expenses.

 

Our collateralized debt obligation, or CDO, which was closed in July 2005, was issued through two indirect subsidiaries, Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2005-1 Ltd., or the Issuer, and Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2005-1 LLC, or the Co-Issuer. The Issuer and Co-Issuer are subsidiaries of our private REIT, Gramercy Investment Trust. Our Operating Partnership holds all shares of common stock and controls all of the management and operations of the private REIT. At December 31, 2005, the private REIT and all subsidiaries of the private REIT were consolidated into our financial results.

 

In connection with the closing of our CDO, the Issuer entered into a collateral management agreement with the Manager. Pursuant to the collateral management agreement, the Manager has agreed to provide certain advisory and administrative services in relation to the collateral debt securities and other eligible investments securing the CDO notes. The collateral management agreement provides for a senior collateral management fee, payable quarterly in accordance with the priority of payments as set forth in the indenture, equal to 0.15% per annum of the net outstanding portfolio balance in lieu of the 0.15% fee otherwise payable on our investments under our servicing agreement with SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P., and an additional subordinate collateral management fee, payable quarterly in accordance with the priority of payments as set forth in the indenture, equal to 0.25% per annum of the net outstanding portfolio balance. Net outstanding portfolio balance is the sum of the (i) aggregate principal balance of the collateral debt securities, excluding defaulted securities, (ii) aggregate principal balance of all principal proceeds held as cash and eligible investments in certain accounts, and (iii) with respect to the defaulted securities, the calculation amount of such defaulted securities. As compensation for the performance of its obligations as collateral manager, our Board of Directors has allocated to the Manager the portion of the subordinate collateral management fee paid on securities not held by us. The senior collateral management fee and balance of the subordinate collateral management fee is allocated to us.

 

Business and Growth Strategies

 

We invest in a diversified portfolio of domestic real estate loans and securities, including whole loans, bridge loans, subordinate interests in whole loans, distressed debt, mortgage-backed securities, mezzanine loans, preferred equity, and net lease investments involving commercial properties throughout the United States. We believe these investments offer attractive risk-adjusted returns with long-term principal protection under a variety of default and loss scenarios. We actively manage our assets with a goal of generating cash available for distribution, facilitating capital appreciation and generating attractive returns to our stockholders.

 

We generate income principally from the spread between the yields on our assets and the cost of our borrowing and hedging activities. We leverage our investments to enhance returns to shareholders equity. We finance, or intend to finance, assets through a variety of techniques, including repurchase agreements, secured and unsecured credit facilities, issuances of commercial mortgage-backed securities, or CMBS, CDOs, unsecured junior subordinated corporate debt and other structured financings. In addition, we match fund interest rates with like-kind debt (i.e., fixed-rate assets are financed with fixed-rate debt, and floating rate assets are financed with floating rate debt), through the use of hedges such as interest rate swaps, caps, or through a combination of these strategies. This allows us to reduce the impact of changing interest rates on our cash flow and earnings. We actively manage our positions, using our credit, structuring and asset management skills to enhance returns. We intend to grow our business using prudent levels of debt financing, syndication of loan interests and structured financing when feasible, rather than relying solely on equity capital, in order to increase earnings per share.

 

Our ability to manage the real estate risk underwritten by our Manager and us is a critical component of our success. We actively manage and maintain the credit quality of our portfolio by using our management team’s expertise in structuring and repositioning investments to improve the quality and yield on managed investments. When investing in higher leverage transactions, we use

 

2



 

guidelines and standards developed and employed by senior management of the Manager and SL Green, including rigorous underwriting of collateral performance and valuation, a review of the creditworthiness of the equity investors, additional forms of collateral and strategies to effect repayment. If defaults occur, we will employ SL Green’s strong asset management skills to mitigate the severity of any losses and seek to optimize the recovery from assets in the event that we foreclose upon them. In New York, Washington, D.C. and elsewhere as appropriate, SL Green will manage these assets and has the right to purchase properties in metropolitan New York and Washington, D.C. that we acquire in foreclosure. In other geographic markets, we often use long-standing relationships of senior management or SL Green with local operators or investors to enhance our ability to underwrite transactions or mitigate defaults when making or managing investments.

 

We seek to structure the debt transactions in which we invest, which enhances our ability to mitigate our losses, by having the benefit of loan documents that afford us appropriate rights and control over our collateral, and having the right to control the debt that is senior to our position. We believe that this level of control allows us to achieve attractive risk-adjusted returns within a real estate debt capital structure. We generally avoid investments where we cannot secure adequate control rights, unless we believe the default risk is very low. Our flexibility to invest in all or any part of a debt capital structure enables us to participate in many transactions and to retain only the investments that meet our investment parameters.

 

We believe that our ability to provide a wide range of financing products and our ability to customize financing structures to meet borrowers’ needs differentiates us from our competitors. We are a one-stop shop for real estate financing solutions capable of financing the most senior capital positions through subordinate interests to equity participations. Our senior management team has substantial experience in responding to unique borrower needs by crafting financial products that are tailored to meet the business plan of a property owner.

 

We focus on certain types of investments where we believe we have a competitive advantage and that offer appropriate risk adjusted returns. For properties that we believe have stable values or where we have specific asset management capabilities to mitigate losses, we will target higher leverage investments. If we conclude that a property to be financed will have a more volatile value under a variety of market conditions, we target a less leveraged investment. In such transactions we may seek a second loss position. We also target the origination of larger components of financings, including whole loans, to afford us the opportunity to syndicate and securitize our investments to create retained instruments with above-market returns. We originate investments in direct transactions with borrowers, we co-originate with or acquire existing assets from third parties, primarily financial institutions, and we occasionally co-invest with SL Green and its affiliates.

 

Our targeted investments include the following:

 

Whole Loans We originate fixed-rate whole loans with terms of up to 15 years. We may separate certain of these loans into tranches, which can be securitized and resold. If we do so, we would expect to retain a subordinate interest, mezzanine loan or preferred equity created in connection with such whole loan origination, where we see the most advantageous risk-adjusted returns. We expect the stated maturity of our whole loan investments to range from five years to 15 years. We may sell these investments prior to maturity.

 

Bridge Loans —We offer floating rate whole loans to borrowers who are seeking debt capital with a final term to maturity of not more than five years to be used in the acquisition, construction or redevelopment of a property. Typically, the borrower has identified a property in a favorable market that it believes to be poorly managed or undervalued. Bridge financing enables the borrower to secure short-term financing while improving the operating performance and physical aspects of the property and avoid burdening it with restrictive long-term debt. The bridge loans we originate are predominantly secured by first mortgage liens on the property and are expected to provide interest rates ranging from 225 to 400 basis points over applicable index rate indexes. We expect the stated maturity of our bridge loans to range from two years to five years, and we expect to hold these investments to maturity.

 

We believe our bridge loans will lead to additional financing opportunities in the future, as bridge facilities are often a first step toward permanent financing or a sale. We have experienced that many major financial institutions have largely avoided this type of lending because it does not lead to significant trading profits from subsequent securitizations. However, we intend to use securitization as a financing rather than a trading activity. We intend to use these transactions to pool together smaller bridge loans and retain the resulting non-investment grade interests and interest-only certificates (perhaps in a single bond structure). To increase our volume, enhance financing efficiencies and create a national presence, we may seek joint ventures, mergers or other arrangements with regional or product specific originators.

 

3



 

Subordinate Interests in Whole Loans —We purchase from third parties, and may retain from whole loans we originate and co-originate and securitize or sell, subordinate interests in whole loans. Subordinate interests are loans secured by a whole loan and subordinated to a senior interest. The subordination is generally evidenced by a co-lender or participation agreement between the holders of the related senior interest and the subordinate interest. In some instances, the subordinate interest lender may additionally require a security interest in the stock or partnership interests of the borrower as part of the transaction. We originate subordinate interests in whole loans directly or acquire them in negotiated transactions with originators of the whole loan. When we originate whole loans, we may divide them, securitizing or selling the senior interest and keeping a subordinate interest for investment. We believe the subordinate interest market will continue to grow with the expansion of the commercial mortgage securitization market.

 

Subordinate interests in whole loans typically bear interest at a rate of 200 to 600 basis points over the applicable interest rate index and have loan-to-value ratios between 65% and 75%. Subordinate interest lenders have the same obligations, collateral and borrower as the senior interest lender, but typically are subordinated in recovery upon a default. Subordinate interests in whole loans share certain credit characteristics with second mortgages, in that both are subject to greater credit risk with respect to the underlying mortgage collateral than the corresponding senior interest.

 

Subordinate interests created from bridge loans generally will have terms matching those of the whole loan of which they are a part, typically two to five years. Subordinate interests created from whole loans generally will have terms of five years to fifteen years. We expect to hold subordinate interests in whole loans to their maturity.

 

When we acquire subordinate interests in whole loans from third parties, we may earn income on the investment, in addition to the interest payable on the subordinate piece, in the form of fees charged to the borrower under that note (currently approximately 0.25% to 1% of the note amount) or by receiving principal payments in excess of the discounted price (below par value) we paid to acquire the note. When we originate subordinate interests out of whole loans and then sell the senior interest, we allocate our basis in the whole loan among the two (or more) components to reflect the fair market value of the new instruments. We may realize a profit on sale if our allocated value is below the sale price. Our ownership of a subordinate interest with controlling class rights, which typically means we have the unilateral ability to determine when, and in what manner, to exercise the rights and remedies afforded the holder of the senior interest, may, in the event the financing fails to perform according to its terms, cause us to elect to pursue our remedies as owner of the subordinate interest, which may include foreclosure on, or modification of, the note. In some cases, usually restricted to situations in which the current market value of the underlying commercial property securing the loan has declined below the aggregate unpaid principal balance of secured debt senior to our investment, the owner of the senior interest may be able to foreclose or modify the note against our wishes as holder of the subordinate interest. As a result, our economic and business interests may diverge from the interests of the holders of the senior interest. These divergent interests among the holders of each investment may result in conflicts of interest.

 

Distressed Debt —We may also invest in distressed debt, most often sub- and non-performing real estate loans acquired from financial institutions. We will make these investments when we believe our underwriting, credit, financing and asset management experience will enable us to generate above-average risk-adjusted returns by resolving these distressed loans expeditiously through refinancings, negotiated repayments with borrowers or foreclosure and subsequent sale of the underlying property. A sub-performing loan is a loan with a very high loan-to-value ratio, with a low debt service coverage ratio, and which is likely to default at maturity because the property securing the loan cannot support a refinancing of the loan’s entire unpaid principal balance. A non-performing loan is a loan that is in default of its covenants, is past due in interest payments, or is past its final maturity date and has not been repaid. Sub- and non-performing loans are typically purchased at a discount to the note balance. Our investment return results from a combination of current cash flow from the note or underlying property, plus any eventual recovery of loan principal.

 

We expect the maturity of our distressed debt investments to range from several months to up to ten years. Such investments will usually be held until resolution, which may entail a bankruptcy and foreclosure process, which can require months or years.

 

Mortgage-Backed Securities We acquire mortgage-backed securities, or MBS, that are created when commercial or residential loans are pooled and securitized. These securities may be issued by government sponsored agencies or other entities and may or may not be rated investment grade by rating agencies. We may also originate MBS from pools of commercial loans we assemble, in which event we expect to retain the more junior interests.

 

4



 

CMBS are secured by or evidenced by ownership interests in a single commercial mortgage loan or a pool of mortgage loans secured by commercial properties. Residential mortgage-backed securities, or RMBS, are backed by pools of home mortgages. We expect a majority of our mortgage-backed securities investments to be rated by at least one rating agency.

 

CMBS are generally pass-through certificates that represent beneficial ownership interests in common law trusts whose assets consist of defined portfolios of one or more commercial mortgage loans. They are typically issued in multiple tranches whereby the more senior classes are entitled to priority distributions from the trust’s income to make specified interest and principal payments on such tranches. Losses and other shortfalls from expected amounts to be received on the mortgage pool are borne by the most subordinate classes, which receive payments only after the more senior classes have received all principal and/or interest to which they are entitled.

 

The credit quality of MBS depends on the credit quality of the underlying mortgage loans, which is a function of factors such as:

 

                                          the principal amount of loans relative to the value of the related properties;

                                          the mortgage loan terms (e.g. amortization);

                                          market assessment and geographic location;

                                          construction quality of the property; and

                                          the creditworthiness of the borrowers.

 

We focus not on new issues but rather on “Story Securities” available in the secondary market where we are able to analyze and underwrite the underlying assets. “Story Securities” are seasoned securities with identifiable credit risks (such as large defaulted or sub-performing loans or a negative development with respect to the sponsor of a large loan) that we believe may require complex financial analysis to fully understand the issues and which fixed income money managers cannot efficiently underwrite, or which make them unattractive to a significant number of fixed income investors. We seek capital appreciation, in addition to interest income, by buying these securities at a discount to par value.

 

We expect the stated maturity of our MBS investments to range from several months to up to 15 years for CMBS and up to 40 years for RMBS. Such securities do not have stated maturities but rather receive principal payments from the underlying investments. We expect to hold CMBS to maturity and may sell RMBS prior to maturity.

 

Mezzanine Loans —We originate mezzanine loans that are senior to the borrower’s equity in, and subordinate to a whole loan on, a property. These loans are secured by pledges of ownership interests, typically in whole but occasionally in part (but usually with effective sole control over all the ownership interests), in entities that directly or indirectly own the real property. In addition, we may require other collateral to secure mezzanine loans, including letters of credit, personal guarantees, or collateral unrelated to the property.

 

We typically structure our mezzanine loans to receive a stated coupon (benchmarked usually against LIBOR, or occasionally against a Treasury index or a swap index). We may in certain, select instances structure our mezzanine loans to receive a stated coupon plus a percentage of gross revenues and a percentage of the increase in the fair market value of the property securing the loan, payable upon maturity, refinancing or sale of the property. Mezzanine loans may also have prepayment lockouts, penalties, minimum profit hurdles and other mechanisms to protect and enhance returns in the event of premature repayment.

 

These investments typically range in size from $10 to $50 million, have terms from two to ten years and typically bear interest at a rate of 400 to 1000 basis points over the applicable interest rate index. Some transactions entail the issuance of more than one tranche or class of mezzanine debt. Mezzanine loans usually have loan-to-value ratios between 75% and 90%. Mezzanine loans frequently have maturities that match the maturity of the related mortgage loan but may have shorter or longer terms. We expect to hold these investments to maturity.

 

Preferred Equity —We originate preferred equity investments in entities that directly or indirectly own commercial real estate. Preferred equity is not secured, but holders have priority relative to common equity holders on cash flow distributions and proceeds from capital events. In addition, preferred holders can often enhance their position and protect their equity position with covenants that limit the entity’s activities and grant us the exclusive right to control the property after an event of

 

5



 

default. Occasionally, the first mortgage on a property prohibits additional liens and a preferred equity structure provides an attractive financing alternative. With preferred equity investments, we may become a special limited partner or member in the ownership entity and may be entitled to take certain actions, or cause a liquidation, upon a default. Preferred equity typically is more highly leveraged, with loan-to-value ratios of 85% to more than 90%. We expect our preferred equity to have mandatory redemption dates (that is, maturity dates) that range from three years to five years, and we expect to hold these investments to maturity.

 

Other Real Estate-Related Investments— We may also make investments in other types of commercial or multi-family real estate assets. These may include acquisitions of real property and debt issued by REITs or other real estate companies. We have authority to issue our common stock or other equity or debt securities in exchange for property. Subject to gross income and asset tests necessary for REIT qualification, we may also invest in securities of other REITs, or other entities engaged in real estate activities or securities of other issuers, including for the purpose of exercising control over such entities.

 

Some of these investments may be equity interests in properties with no stated maturity or redemption date, or long-term leasehold interests with expiration dates as long as 40 years beyond the date of our investment. We expect to hold these investments for between several months and up to ten years, depending upon the risk profile of the investment and our investment rationale. The timing of our sale of these investments, or of their repayment, will frequently be tied to certain events involving the underlying property, such as new tenants or superior financing.

 

The aggregate carrying values, allocation by product type and weighted average coupons of our loans and other lending investments as of December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 were as follows:

 

 

 

Carrying Value (1)
($ in thousands)

 

Allocation by
Investment Type

 

Fixed Rate:
Average Yield

 

Floating Rate:
Average Spread over
LIBOR (2)

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2005

 

2004

 

2005

 

2004

 

2005

 

 

2004

 

Whole loans, floating rate

 

$ 561,388

 

$ 155,215

 

46

%

38

%

 

 

325

bps

 

373

bps

Whole loans, fixed rate

 

94,448

 

 

8

%

 

10.64

%

 

 

 

 

Subordinate interests in whole loans, floating rate

 

362,983

 

209,286

 

30

%

51

%

 

 

443

bps

 

640

bps

Subordinate interests in whole loans, fixed rate

 

37,104

 

31,216

 

3

%

8

%

9.19

%

9.57

%

 

 

 

Mezzanine loans, floating rate

 

82,793

 

 

7

%

 

 

 

858

bps

 

 

Mezzanine loans, fixed rate

 

43,352

 

 

4

%

 

8.88

%

 

 

 

 

Preferred equity, floating rate

 

11,795

 

 

1

%

 

 

 

900

bps

 

 

Preferred equity, fixed rate

 

11,882

 

 

1

%

 

10.28

%

 

 

 

 

Commercial mortgage backed securities

 

 

10,898

 

 

3

%

 

13.49

%

 

 

 

Total / Average

 

$ 1,205,745

 

$ 406,615

 

100

%

100

%

9.92

%

10.58

%

417

bps

 

526

bps

 


(1)          Debt investments are presented after scheduled amortization payments and prepayments, and are net of unamortized fees, discounts, asset sales and unfunded commitments.

 

(2)          Spreads over an index other than LIBOR have been adjusted to a LIBOR based equivalent.

 

We monitor our portfolio periodically and prior to each acquisition to confirm that we continue to qualify for the exemption from registration provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) and 3(c)(6) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the Investment Company Act. Qualifying for the Section 3(c)(5)(C) exemption requires that at least 55% of our portfolio is comprised of “qualifying assets,” and a total of at least 80% of our portfolio is comprised of “real estate-related assets,” a category that includes qualifying assets.

 

We generally expect whole loans, bridge loans, whole pool MBS, our credit tenant lease investments, or CTLs, and certain distressed debt securities to be qualifying real estate assets. The treatment of distressed debt securities as qualifying real estate assets is based on the characteristics of the particular type of loan, including its foreclosure rights. Junior (first loss) interests in mortgage-backed securities pools may constitute qualifying real estate assets under Section 3(c)(5)(C) provided that we have the unilateral right to foreclose, directly or indirectly, on the mortgages in the pool and that we may act as the controlling class or directing

 

6



 

holder of the pool. Similarly, subordinate interests in whole loans may constitute qualifying real estate assets under Section 3(c)(5)(C) provided that we have the unilateral right to foreclose, directly or indirectly, on the mortgage and that we may act as the controlling class or directing holder of the note.  We generally do not treat mezzanine loans and preferred equity investments as qualifying real estate assets.  In addition to making investments of qualifying real estate assets, we also make investments so that at least 80% of our portfolio is comprised of real estate-related assets. We expect that all of these classes of investments will be considered real estate-related assets under the Investment Company Act for purposes of the 80% investment threshold. Qualification for the 3(c)(5)(C) and 3(c)(6) exemptions will limit our ability to make certain investments.

 

On occasion, we utilize a special servicer, which in some instances may be an affiliate of us or may be the rated special servicer affiliate of SL Green, to manage, modify and resolve loans and other investments that fail to perform under the terms of the loan agreement, note, indenture, or other governing documents. We will typically negotiate for the right to appoint a special servicer as part of the origination or purchase of an investment. Special servicers are most frequently employed in connection with whole loans, subordinate interests in whole loans and first-loss classes of CMBS. The rights of the special servicer, which are typically subject to a servicing standard that requires the special servicer to pursue remedies that maximize the recovery of investment principal, typically include, among other things, the right to foreclose upon the loan collateral after an event of default.

 

Our rights, including foreclosure rights we hold, are found in the agreements among the lenders or holders of notes, such as intercreditor or participation agreements. Where we hold unilateral foreclosure rights, those rights generally become exercisable upon the occurrence of an event of default, such as nonpayment of the debt. In certain circumstances we may lose our foreclosure rights. For example, where the appraised value of the collateral for the debt falls below agreed levels relative to the total outstanding debt, we may lose our foreclosure rights, which are then exercisable by the holder of more senior debt. Generally, we do not expect SL Green or its affiliates to hold these types of senior debt where we hold a more junior instrument. If we were to lose our foreclosure rights, the Investment Company Act status of the particular investment could change.

 

While we intend to hold our investments to maturity, in all instances we may sell an investment prior to its stated maturity for reasons of risk management, liquidity, changing investment objectives, or regulatory requirements.

 

Financing Strategy

 

We use debt financing in various forms in an effort to increase the size of our portfolio and potential returns to our stockholders. Access to low-cost capital is crucial to our business, since we earn income based on the spread between the yield on our investments and the cost of our borrowings.

 

Our financing strategy focuses on the use of match-funded financing structures. This means that we seek to match the maturities of our financial obligations with the maturities of our investments to minimize the risk that we have to refinance our liabilities prior to the maturities of our assets, and to reduce the impact of changing interest rates on our cash flow and earnings. In addition, we match fund interest rates with like-kind debt (i.e., fixed-rate assets are financed with fixed-rate debt, and floating rate assets are financed with floating rate debt), through the use of hedges such as interest rate swaps, caps, or through a combination of these strategies. This allows us to reduce the impact on our cash flow and earnings of changing interest rates. At December 31, 2005, approximately 85% of our investments, when measured by carrying value, were floating rate instruments based on LIBOR. The remaining 15% of our investments carried fixed rates of interest, although we have entered into swap contracts that convert substantially all of the floating rate financing expenses against these assets to fixed rate expenses to eliminate basis risk. Our investments had a weighted average remaining term to initial maturity of 2.3 years.

 

We use short-term financing in the form of our repurchase agreements, revolving credit facilities and bridge financings prior to the implementation of longer-term match-funded financing. At December 31, 2005, we had approximately $117.4 million outstanding under our repurchase facilities with Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC, or Wachovia, and Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, or Goldman Sachs. Under our facility with Wachovia, an event of default will be triggered if GKK Manager LLC ceases to be the Manager.

 

For longer-term funding, we utilize securitization structures, including CDOs, as well as other match-funded financing structures. CDOs are multiple class debt securities, or bonds, secured by pools of assets, such as mortgage-backed securities, subordinate interests in whole loans, mezzanine loans and REIT debt. Like typical securitization structures, in a CDO the assets are pledged to a trustee for the benefit of the holders of the bonds. The bonds may be rated by one or more rating agencies. One or more classes of the bonds are marketed to a wide variety of fixed income investors, which enables the CDO sponsor to achieve a relatively low cost of long-term financing. We believe that CDOs are a suitable long-term financing vehicle for our investments because they will enable us to maintain our strategy of funding substantially all of our assets and related liabilities using the same LIBOR benchmark, lock-in a long-term cost of funds tied to LIBOR, and reduce the risk that we have to refinance our liabilities prior to the maturities of our investments. On July 14, 2005, we issued approximately $1.0 billion of CDOs, through two newly-formed indirect subsidiaries, Gramercy Real Estate

 

7



 

CDO 2005-1 Ltd., or the Issuer, and Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2005-1 LLC, or the Co-Issuer. The CDO consists of $810.5 million of investment grade notes, and $84.5 million of non-investment grade notes, which were co-issued by the Issuer and the Co-Issuer, and $105 million of preferred shares, which were issued by the Issuer. We retained all non-investment grade securities, the preferred shares and the common shares in the Issuer.

 

We use different levels of leverage depending on the specific risk-return characteristics of each investment type. For example, we generally use more leverage with whole loans than mezzanine loans. We anticipate our overall leverage will be 70% to 80% of the carrying value of our assets; but our actual leverage depends on our mix of assets. As of December 31, 2005, our leverage as a percentage of total asset value was 66%, excluding the trust preferred securities, which are discussed in more detail below. The average advance rate against investment assets pledged under our repurchase facilities with Wachovia and Goldman Sachs was 70%.

 

Our charter and bylaws do not limit the amount of indebtedness we can incur. Our leverage policy permits us to leverage up to 80% of the carrying value of our assets. Our board of directors has discretion to deviate from or change our indebtedness policy at any time. However, we seek to maintain an adequate capital base to protect against various business environments in which our financing and hedging costs might exceed the interest income from our investments. These conditions could occur, for example, due to credit losses or when, due to interest rate fluctuations, interest income on our investment lags behind interest rate increases on our borrowings, which are predominantly variable rate. We use leverage for the sole purpose of financing our portfolio and not for the purpose of speculating on changes in interest rates.

 

In addition, we continuously evaluate other sources of long-term debt and hybrid debt/equity capital, including perpetual preferred equity and trust preferred equity, which may be available to us on competitive market pricing and terms.

 

Origination, Underwriting and Asset Management

 

Our Manager and SL Green provide all of our critical investment selection, asset management, servicing and portfolio management and reporting functions from loan origination to disposition. Our origination and underwriting is based on careful review and preparation, and generally proceeds as follows:

 

                                          All investments are analyzed for consistency with investment parameters developed by our Manager and adopted by our board of directors;

                                          All transactions considered for funding are presented at a weekly pipeline meeting attended by our Manager’s senior executive officers; and

                                          All financing applications, conditional commitments and submissions to the credit committee must be approved by a managing director of our Manager.

 

The affirmative vote of all members of a credit committee consisting of all senior officers of our Manager plus our chief executive officer is necessary to approve all transactions over $3 million. Our chief investment officer may approve investments of less than $3 million. The investment committee of our board of directors must unanimously approve all transactions involving investments of (i) $35 million or more with respect to whole loans, (ii) $30 million or more with respect to subordinate interests in whole loans, (iii) $20 million or over with respect to mezzanine loans, (iv) $20 million or more with respect to preferred equity, and (v) $20 million or more with respect to commercial real estate properties net leased to tenants. The full board of directors must approve investments (i) over $75 million with respect to whole loans, (ii) over $65 million with respect to subordinate interests in whole loans, (iii) over $55 million with respect to mezzanine loans, (iv) over $50 million with respect to preferred equity and (v) over $50 million with respect to commercial real estate properties net leased to tenants. Our Manager will have full discretion to make investments on our behalf under (i) $35 million with respect to whole loans, (ii) $30 million with respect to subordinate interests in whole loans, (iii) $20 million with respect to mezzanine loans, (iv) $20 million with respect to preferred equity and (v) $20 million with respect to commercial real estate properties net leased to tenants. Approval limits are based on the investment amount less any origination fees, discounts or other up-front fees we receive in connection with the investment.

 

The stages of the investment process are described in more detail below.

 

Origination

 

Our Manager is primarily responsible for originating all of our assets. In addition to SL Green’s existing customer base, our Manager utilizes an extensive national network of relationships with property owners, developers, mortgage loan brokers, commercial and investment banks and institutional investors. This network has been developed by the senior managers of the Manager and senior

 

8



 

executives of SL Green over more than 15 years. We originate investments in direct transactions with borrowers, we co-originate with or acquire existing assets from third parties, primarily financial institutions, and we may occasionally co-invest with SL Green and its affiliates. We have been growing our platform on a national scale through the creation of strategic partnerships and hiring additional originators who are responsible for generating new financing opportunities. As of December 31, 2005, approximately 68% of our investments were directly originated by us while the remaining 32% were co-originated with third parties. Once potential investment opportunities have been identified, our Manager determines which financing products best meet the borrower’s needs. Our Manager works to optimize pricing and structure and create a favorable transaction for us while meeting our borrower’s needs. After identifying a suitable structure, our Manager works with the borrower to prepare a loan application and an initial review of the investment before committing underwriting resources. Once a loan is identified as suitable, it is underwritten by our Manager’s team of experienced underwriters.

 

Underwriting

 

Once a potential investment has been identified, our Manager’s underwriters perform comprehensive financial, structural, operational and legal due diligence to assess the risks of the investment. Our Manager’s underwriters analyze the loan application package and conduct follow-up due diligence on each borrower as part of the underwriting process. The Manager’s underwriters generally review the following criteria as part of the underwriting process:

 

                                          the historic, in-place and projected property revenues and expenses;

 

                                          the potential for near-term revenue growth and opportunity for expense reduction and increased operating efficiencies;

 

                                          on higher leverage loans secured by leased properties, accountants may be engaged to audit operating expense recovery income;

 

                                          the property’s location and its attributes;

 

                                          the valuation of the property based upon financial projections prepared by our Manager’s underwriters and confirmed by an independent “as is” and/or “as stabilized” appraisal;

 

                                          market assessment, including, review of tenant lease files, surveys of property sales and leasing comparables based on conversations with local property owners, leasing brokers, investment sales brokers and other local market participants, and an analysis of area economic and demographic trends, and a review of an acceptable mortgagee’s title policy;

 

                                          market rents, and in the case of certain high-leverage loans, leasing projections for major vacant spaces and near-term vacancies, to be provided by a leasing broker with local knowledge;

 

                                          structural and environmental review of the property, including review of engineering and environmental reports and a site inspection, to determine future maintenance and capital expenditure requirements;

 

                                          the requirements for any reserves, including those for immediate repairs or rehabilitation, replacement reserves, tenant improvement and leasing commission costs, real estate taxes and property, casualty and liability insurance;

 

                                          the “Underwritten Net Cash Flow” for a property, which is a set of calculations and adjustments prepared for the underwriting process to assist in evaluating a property’s cash flows. The Underwritten Net Cash Flow is generally the estimated stabilized annual revenue derived from the use and operation of the property (consisting primarily of rental income and reimbursement of expenses where applicable) after an allowance for vacancies, concessions and credit losses, less estimated stabilized annual expenses;

 

                                          credit quality of the borrower through background checks and review of financial strength and real estate operating experience; and

 

                                          the loan documents, to ensure that we have the necessary protections, rights and remedies.

 

9



 

Key factors that are considered in credit decisions include, but are not limited to, debt service coverage, loan-to-value ratios and property and financial and operating performance. Consideration is also given to other factors such as the experience, financial strength, reputation, and investment track record of the borrower, additional forms of collateral and identified likely strategies to effect repayment. Our Manager will continue to refine its underwriting criteria based upon actual loan portfolio experience and as market conditions and investor requirements evolve. Once diligence is completed and our Manager has reviewed the Underwritten Net Cash Flow, sponsorship and the deal structure, our Manager determines the level in the capital structure at which an investment will be made and the required legal and structural protections.

 

Servicing and Asset Management

 

SL Green services substantially all of our assets through a sub-contract with our Manager. The loan servicing platform is designed to provide timely, responsive customer service as well as accurate and timely information for account follow-up, financial reporting and management review. In addition, the servicing operations include enforcement of the loan documents and standard asset management functions, including monitoring of property performance and condition and market analysis. The asset management group monitors the investments to identify any potential underperformance of the asset and work with the borrower to remedy the situation in an expeditious manner in order to mitigate any effects of underperformance. The asset manager is responsible for understanding the borrower’s business plan with respect to each collateral property and monitoring performance measured against that plan. We differentiate ourselves by leveraging our Manager’s real estate knowledge and proactive approach to asset management by providing approvals and processing requests on a more timely and efficient basis. We believe that asset management is a vital component of the borrower and lender relationship because it leaves a lasting positive impression, and our ability to gain mutual respect with our borrowers and quickly respond to their needs will help us to develop strong and meaningful relationships that will lead to repeat business.

 

Operating Policies

 

Investment and Borrowing Guidelines

 

We operate pursuant to the following general guidelines for our investments and borrowings:

 

                                          no investments are made that would cause us to fail to qualify as a REIT;

                                          no investments are made that would cause us to be regulated as an investment company under the Investment Company Act;

                                          substantially all assets are financed through securitization, syndication and secured borrowings, and assets intended for inclusion in traditional securitization transactions will be hedged against movements in the applicable swap yield through customary techniques;

                                          hedging is generally done through the bank providing the related repurchase facility on market terms, or through other dealers. We engage an outside advisory firm to assist in monitoring hedges and advising management on the appropriateness of such hedges;

                                          our leverage generally will not exceed 80% of the carrying value of our assets; and

                                          we will not co-invest with SL Green or any of its affiliates unless the terms of such transaction are approved by a majority of our independent directors.

 

These investment guidelines may be changed by our board of directors without the approval of our stockholders.

 

Origination Agreement

 

We have an origination agreement with SL Green pursuant to which SL Green will not originate, acquire or participate in fixed income investments in the United States, subject to certain conditions and exclusions described below. Fixed income investments include debt obligations or interests in debt obligations bearing a fixed-rate of return and collateralized by real property or interests in real property.

 

SL Green has also agreed not to acquire, originate or participate in preferred equity investments which bear a fixed rate of return in the United States, unless we have determined not to pursue that opportunity.

 

Under the agreement, SL Green has the following rights:

 

(a)          to retain any fixed income investments and/or preferred equity investments it owned or committed to own on the date of our initial public offering;

 

10



 

(b)         to originate fixed income investments or acquire interests in fixed income investments and/or preferred equity investments in connection with the sale of any real estate or real estate-related assets or fixed income investments it currently owns or owns at any future time, in part or whole, directly or indirectly;

 

(c)          to originate or acquire fixed income and/or preferred equity investments that provide a rate of return tied to the cash flow, appreciation or both of the underlying real property or interests in real property;

 

(d)         to modify or refinance any portion of the investments in item (a), (b) or (c) above including, but not limited to, changes in principal, rate of return, maturity or redemption date, lien priority, return priority and/or borrower; and

 

(e)          to originate, acquire or participate in any distressed debt, where there is a payment default, an acceleration, bankruptcy or foreclosure, when a default is highly likely because the loan-to-value ratio is over 100% or when the debt service exceeds the available cash flow from the property on both a current and projected basis.

 

We will agree that we will not:

 

                                          acquire real property in metropolitan New York and Washington, D.C. (except by foreclosure or similar conveyance) resulting from a fixed income investment;

                                          originate or acquire investments described in (c) above or distressed debt, in each case located in metropolitan New York or Washington, D.C.; and

                                          originate or acquire participations in any investments described in item (b) or (d) above.

 

We will also agree that, when we acquire direct or indirect ownership interests in property in metropolitan New York or Washington D.C. by foreclosure or similar conveyance, SL Green will have the right to purchase the property at a price equal to our unpaid asset balance on the date we foreclosed or acquired the asset, plus interest at the last stated contract (non-default) rate and, to the extent payable by the borrower under the initial documentation evidencing the property, legal costs incurred by us directly related to the conveyance and the fee, if any, due upon the repayment or prepayment of the investment which is commonly referred to as an “exit fee” (but not including default interest, late charges, prepayment penalties, extension fees or other premiums of any kind) through the date of SL Green’s purchase. We refer to this amount as “Par Value”. If we seek to sell the asset and receive a bona fide third party offer to acquire the asset for cash that we desire to accept, SL Green may purchase the asset at the lower of the Par Value or the third party’s offer price. If the asset is not sold within one year, SL Green has the right to purchase the property at its appraised value. The appraised value will be determined as follows: we will select an appraiser and SL Green will select an appraiser, who will each appraise the property. These two appraisers jointly will select a third appraiser, who will then choose one of the two appraisals as the final appraised value. These rights may make it more difficult to sell such assets because third parties may not want to incur the expense and effort to bid on assets when they perceive that SL Green may acquire them at the lower of the same terms proposed by the third party or Par Value. As a result, we may not receive the same value on the sale of such assets as we might receive from an independent third party submitting an offer through a competitive bidding process.

 

SL Green has a right of first offer to acquire any distressed debt which we decide to sell.

 

In the event the Management Agreement is terminated for cause by us or if neither SL Green nor any of its affiliates shall be the managing member of our Manager, then the non-compete provisions in the origination agreement will survive such termination for a period of one year with respect only to potential investments by us as to which our Manager has commenced due diligence.

 

Hedging Activities

 

We use derivative instruments, including forwards, futures, swaps and options, in our risk management strategy to limit the effects of changes in interest rates on our operations. Our primary hedging strategy consists of entering into interest rate swap contracts. Additionally, we may in certain select instances choose to hedge our exposure to fluctuations in CMBS credit spreads by purchasing swaps written against a broad-based CMBS index. The value of our forwards, futures and swaps may fluctuate over time in response to changing market conditions, and will tend to change inversely with the value of the risk in our liabilities that we intend to hedge. Hedges are sometimes ineffective because the correlation between changes in value of the underlying investment and the derivative instrument is less than was expected when the hedging transaction was undertaken. Since most of our hedging activity covers the period between origination or purchase of loans and their eventual sale or securitization, unmatched losses in our hedging program will tend to occur when the planned securitization fails to occur, or if the hedge proves to be ineffective. We continuously monitor the effectiveness of our hedging strategies and adjust our strategies as appropriate. These transactions may include interest rate swaps, the

 

11



 

purchase or sale of interest rate collars, caps or floors, options, other hedging instruments and such other hedging instruments as may be developed in the future and which we determine are suitable to achieve our hedging objectives.

 

We have retained the services of an outside financial services firm with expertise in the use of derivative instruments to advise us on our overall hedging strategy, to effect hedging trades, and to provide the appropriate designation and accounting of all hedging activities from a GAAP and tax accounting and reporting perspective.

 

These instruments are used to hedge as much of the interest rate risk as our Manager determines is in the best interest of our stockholders, given the cost of such hedges and the need to maintain our status as a REIT. To the extent that we enter into a hedging contract to reduce interest rate risk on indebtedness incurred to acquire or carry real estate assets, any income that we derive from the contract is qualifying income for purposes of the REIT 95% gross income test, but not for the 75% gross income test. Our Manager can elect to have us bear a level of interest rate risk that could otherwise be hedged when it believes, based on all relevant facts, that bearing such risk is advisable.

 

Disposition Policies

 

Our Manager evaluates our assets on a regular basis to determine if they continue to satisfy our investment criteria. Subject to certain restrictions applicable to REITs, our Manager may cause us to sell our investments opportunistically and use the proceeds of any such sale for debt reduction, additional acquisitions or working capital purposes.

 

Equity Capital Policies

 

Subject to applicable law, our board of directors has the authority, without further stockholder approval, to issue additional authorized common stock and preferred stock or otherwise raise capital, including through the issuance of senior securities, in any manner and on the terms and for the consideration it deems appropriate.

 

We may, under certain circumstances, repurchase our common stock in private transactions with our stockholders if those purchases are approved by our board of directors. Our board of directors has no present intention of causing us to repurchase any shares, and any action would only be taken in conformity with applicable federal and state laws and the applicable requirements for qualifying as a REIT, for so long as our board of directors concludes that we should remain a REIT.

 

Other Policies

 

We operate in a manner that will not subject us to regulation under the Investment Company Act. We may invest in the securities of other issuers for the purpose of exercising control over such issuers. We do not underwrite the securities of other issuers.

 

Future Revisions in Policies and Strategies

 

Our board of directors has the power to modify or waive our investment guidelines, policies and strategies. Among other factors, developments in the market that either affect the policies and strategies mentioned herein or that change our assessment of the market may cause our board of directors to revise our investment guidelines, policies and strategies. However, if such modification or waiver involves the relationship of, or any transaction between, us and our Manager or any affiliate of our Manager, the approval of a majority of our independent directors is also required. We may not, however, amend our charter to change the requirement that a majority of our board of directors consist of independent directors or the requirement that a majority of our independent directors approve related party transactions without the approval of two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by our stockholders.

 

Competition

 

Our net income depends, in large part, on our ability to originate investments with spreads over our borrowing cost. In originating these investments, we compete with other mortgage REITs, specialty finance companies, savings and loan associations, banks, mortgage bankers, insurance companies, mutual funds, institutional investors, investment banking firms, other lenders, governmental bodies and other entities, many of which have greater financial resources and lower costs of capital available to them than we have. In addition, there are numerous mortgage REITs with asset acquisition objectives similar to ours, and others may be organized in the future, which may increase competition for the available investments suitable for us. Competitive variables include market presence and visibility, size of loans offered and underwriting standards.

 

12



 

To the extent that a competitor is willing to risk larger amounts of capital in a particular transaction or to employ more liberal underwriting standards when evaluating potential loans than we are, our origination volume and profit margins for our investment portfolio could be adversely affected. Our competitors may also be willing to accept lower returns on their investments and may succeed in originating or acquiring the assets that we have targeted for origination or acquisition. Although we believe that we are well positioned to compete effectively in each facet of our business, there is considerable competition in our market sector and there can be no assurance that we will compete effectively or that we will not encounter further increased competition in the future that could limit our ability to conduct our business effectively.

 

Industry Segments

 

Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 131, or “SFAS No. 131,” establishes standards for the way that public entities report information about operating segments in their annual financial statements. We are a REIT focused primarily on originating and acquiring loans and securities related to real estate and currently operate in only one segment.

 

Employees

 

We do not currently have any employees, nor do we anticipate hiring any employees in the near term. Our executive officers and other staff are all employed by our Manager or SL Green and leased by us pursuant to the management agreement with our Manager and the outsourcing agreement with SL Green.

 

Environmental Matters

 

Under various federal, state and local environmental laws, ordinances and regulations, a current or previous owner of real estate (including, in certain circumstances, a secured lender that succeeds to ownership or control of a property) may become liable for the costs of removal or remediation of certain hazardous or toxic substances at, on, under or in its property. Those laws typically impose cleanup responsibility and liability without regard to whether the owner or control party knew of or was responsible for the release or presence of such hazardous or toxic substances. The costs of investigation, remediation or removal of those substances may be substantial. The owner or control party of a site may be subject to common law claims by third parties based on damages and costs resulting from environmental contamination emanating from a site. Certain environmental laws also impose liability in connection with the handling of or exposure to asbestos-containing materials, pursuant to which third parties may seek recovery from owners of real properties for personal injuries associated with asbestos-containing materials. Absent succeeding to ownership or control of real property, a secured lender is not likely to be subject to any of these forms of environmental liability. We are not currently aware of any environmental issues which could materially affect the Company.

 

ITEM 1A.       RISK FACTORS

 

Risks Related to Our Management and Our Relationship with SL Green

 

We are dependent on our Manager and its key employees and may not find a suitable replacement if our Manager terminates the management agreement or the key personnel are no longer available to us.

 

We have no direct employees. We are completely reliant on our Manager, which has significant discretion as to the implementation of our operating policies and strategies. We have entered into a management agreement with the Manager, that terminates in December 2007, subject to automatic, one-year renewals. We are subject to the risk that our Manager will terminate the management agreement and that no suitable replacement will be found to manage us. We believe that our success depends to a significant extent upon the experience of our Manager’s executive officers, whose continued service is not guaranteed. If our Manager terminates the management agreement, we may not be able to execute our business plan.

 

There are conflicts of interest in our relationship with our Manager, which could result in decisions that are not in the best interest of holders of our securities.

 

We are subject to potential conflicts of interest arising out of our relationship with SL Green and our Manager. Several of SL Green’s executive officers are also directors and executive officers of our Manager and us. Specifically, our chairman and each of our executive officers also serve as officers of our Manager or SL Green. As a result, the management agreement was not negotiated at arm’s-length and its terms, including fees payable, may not be as favorable to us as if it had been negotiated with an unaffiliated third party.

 

13



 

In addition, our Manager and our executives may have conflicts between their duties to us and their duties to, and interests in, SL Green and/or our Manager. Our Manager is not required to devote a specific amount of time to our operations. There may also be conflicts in allocating investments which are suitable both for us and SL Green. SL Green has agreed generally that it will not acquire fixed income or preferred equity investments during the term of the management agreement. However, there are several exceptions, including debt instruments with equity characteristics, distressed debt and refinancings of existing SL Green debt investments. As a result, SL Green may compete with us with respect to certain investments which we may want to acquire, and as a result we may either not be presented with the opportunity or have to compete with SL Green to acquire these investments. Our Manager and our executive officers may choose to allocate favorable investments to SL Green instead of to us.

 

We pay our Manager substantial base management fees regardless of the performance of our portfolio. SL Green, our Manager and certain other parties, including certain of our officers, also own Class B limited partner interests in our operating partnership, which entitles them to receive quarterly distributions based on financial performance. In evaluating investments and other management strategies, this may lead our Manager to place emphasis on the maximization of revenues at the expense of other criteria, such as preservation of capital. Investments with higher yield potential are generally riskier or more speculative. This could result in increased risk to the value of our invested portfolio.

 

Termination of or failure to renew the management agreement without cause requires us to pay substantial amounts of termination fees and redeem the Class B limited partner interests. If the management agreement is terminated or not renewed other than for cause, we will be required to pay a termination fee equal to two times the higher of the total annual fees paid under the management and asset servicing agreements in either of the two calendar years prior to the termination, unless we become self-managed, in which event this amount will be reduced by 50%. We are also required to redeem the Class B limited partner interests upon termination of the management agreement. These provisions may increase the effective cost to us of terminating or failing to renew the management agreement, thereby adversely affecting our ability to terminate or not renew the management agreement without cause.

 

Our assets that may become foreclosed or owned by similar conveyance may be subject to purchase rights or rights of first offer in favor of SL Green, which could reduce their marketability or value.

 

Pursuant to our origination agreement with SL Green, we have granted SL Green rights of first offer with respect to the acquisition or origination of certain of our assets. SL Green has the right to purchase ownership interests in real properties located in metropolitan New York or Washington, D.C. relating to properties we acquire in foreclosure of our debt investments and, to purchase distressed debts located in metropolitan New York or Washington, D.C. acquired by us relating to properties at a price equal to our unpaid asset balance on the date we foreclosed on or acquired the asset, plus interest through the date of SL Green’s purchase. If we seek to sell the asset and receive a bona fide offer to acquire the asset for cash that we desire to accept, SL Green may purchase the asset at the lower of the unpaid asset balance or the third party’s offer price.

 

Similarly, our joint venture agreement with SL Green contains a buy-sell provision that can be triggered by us in the event we and SL Green are unable to agree upon a major decision that would materially impair the value of the South Building located at One Madison. Such major decisions involve the sale or refinancing of the South Building located at One Madison Avenue, any extensions or modifications to the net lease with the tenant therein or any material capital expenditure.

 

These rights may make it more difficult to sell such assets because third parties may not want to incur the expense and effort to bid on assets when they perceive that SL Green may acquire them at the lower of the same terms proposed by the third party or par value. As a result, we may not receive the same value on the sale of such assets as we might receive from an independent third party submitting an offer through a competitive bidding process.

 

Our financial condition and results of operations depend on our ability to manage future growth effectively.

 

Our ability to achieve our investment objective depends on our ability to grow, which depends, in turn, on our Manager’s ability to identify and invest in debt investments or other securities that meet our investment criteria. Accomplishing this result on a cost-effective basis is largely a function of our Manager’s structuring of the investment process, its ability to provide competent, attentive and efficient services to us and our access to financing on acceptable terms. The senior management team of our Manager has substantial responsibilities under the management agreement. We can offer no assurance that the senior management team of our Manager or any of the other employees of the Manager will contribute to our growth. Any failure to manage our future growth effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

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Our board of directors has approved very broad investment guidelines for our Manager and does not approve each investment decision made by our Manager.

 

Our Manager is authorized to follow very broad investment guidelines. Our directors review our investment guidelines and our investment portfolio annually and as often as they deem necessary. However, our board of directors does not review each proposed investment. The investment committee of our board of directors must unanimously approve all transactions involving investments of (i) $35 million or more with respect to whole loans, (ii) $30 million or more with respect to subordinate interests in whole loans, (iii) $20 million or over with respect to mezzanine loans, (iv) $20 million or more with respect to preferred equity, and (v) $20 million or more with respect to commercial real estate properties net leased to tenants. The full board of directors must approve investments (i) over $75 million with respect to whole loans, (ii) over $65 million with respect to subordinate interests in whole loans, (iii) over $55 million with respect to mezzanine loans, (iv) over $50 million with respect to preferred equity and (v) over $50 million with respect to commercial real estate properties net leased to tenants. Our Manager will have full discretion to make investments on our behalf under (i) $35 million with respect to whole loans, (ii) $30 million with respect to subordinate interests in whole loans, (iii) $20 million with respect to mezzanine loans, (iv) $20 million with respect to preferred equity and (v) $20 million with respect to commercial real estate properties net leased to tenants. Our chief investment officer may approve investments of less than $3 million. Approval limits are based on the investment amount less any origination fees, discounts or other up-front fees we receive in connection with the investment. In addition, in conducting periodic reviews, the directors rely primarily on information provided to them by our Manager. Our Manager has great latitude within the broad parameters of our investment guidelines in determining the types of assets it may decide are proper investments for us. Decisions made and investments entered into by our Manager may not fully reflect the stockholder’s best interests.

 

We may change our investment and operational policies without stockholder consent.

 

We may change our investment and operational policies, including our policies with respect to investments, acquisitions, growth, operations, indebtedness, capitalization and distributions, at any time without the consent of our stockholders, which could result in our making investments that are different from, and possibly riskier than, the types of investments described in this filing. A change in our investment strategy may increase our exposure to interest rate risk, default risk and real estate market fluctuations, all of which could adversely affect our ability to make distributions.

 

Risks Related to Our Business

 

Maintenance of our Investment Company Act exemption imposes limits on our operations.

 

We have conducted our operations and intend to continue to conduct our operations so as not to become regulated as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. We believe that there are a number of exemptions under the Investment Company Act that may be applicable to us. For example, Section 3(c)(5)(C) exempts from the definition of “investment company” any person who is “primarily engaged in the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate.” Additionally, Section 3(c)(6) exempts from the definition of “investment company” any company primarily engaged, directly or through majority-owned subsidiaries, in the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate. Further, Rule 3a-1 under the Investment Company Act exempts from the definition of “investment company” a company if no more than 45% of the value of its assets (exclusive of U.S. Government securities and cash items) consists of, and no more than 45% of its net income after taxes for the past four quarters is derived from, securities other than U.S. Government securities, securities issued by employees’ securities companies, securities issued by certain majority-owned subsidiaries of such company and securities issued by certain companies that are controlled primarily by such company, provided, that certain other requirements are met. The assets that we have acquired and may acquire in the future, therefore, are limited by the provisions of the Investment Company Act and the exemptions on which we rely. In addition, we could, among other things, be required either (a) to change the manner in which we conduct our operations to avoid being required to register as an investment company or (b) to register as an investment company, either of which could have an adverse effect on our business and our ability to pay dividends.

 

To maintain our qualification for an exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act pursuant to Section 3(c)(5)(C) and 3(c)(6) at least 55% of our portfolio, or the assets of our majority-owned subsidiaries, must be comprised of qualifying real estate assets under Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act, and 80% of our portfolio, or the assets of our majority-owned subsidiaries, must be comprised of qualifying real estate assets and real estate-related assets under Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act. In addition, we may not issue redeemable securities. To comply with these regulations, we may from time to time buy RMBS and other qualifying real estate assets. We generally expect that whole loans, bridge loans, whole pool MBS, CTLs and certain distressed debt securities to be qualifying real estate assets under the Section 3(c)(5)(C) and 3(c)(6) exemptions from the Investment Company Act. The treatment of distressed debt securities as qualifying real estate assets is, and will be, based on the characteristics of the particular type of loan, including its foreclosure rights. Junior (first loss) interests in MBS pools may constitute qualifying real

 

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estate assets under Section 3(c)(5)(C) provided that we have the unilateral right to foreclose, directly or indirectly, on the mortgages in the pool and that we may act as the controlling class or directing holder of the pool. Similarly, subordinate interests in whole loans may constitute qualifying real estate assets under Section 3(c)(5)(C) provided that we have the unilateral right to foreclose, directly or indirectly, on the mortgage and that we may act as the controlling class or directing holder of the note. We generally do not treat mezzanine loans and preferred equity investments as qualifying real real estate assets.  Although we monitor our portfolio periodically and prior to each origination or acquisition of a new asset or disposition of an existing asset, there can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain this exemption from registration. Further, we may not be able to invest in sufficient qualifying and/or real estate-related assets and future revisions or interpretations of the Investment Company Act may cause us to lose our exemption or force us to re-evaluate our portfolio and our business strategy. Such changes may prevent us from operating our business successfully.

 

As part of its duties under the management agreement, our Manager periodically evaluates our assets, and also evaluates prior to an acquisition or origination the structure of each prospective investment, to determine whether the investment will be a qualifying asset for purposes of maintaining our exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act, and we consult with counsel to verify such determination. If we are obligated to register as an investment company, we would have to comply with a variety of substantive requirements under the Investment Company Act, including limitations on capital structure, restrictions on specified investments; prohibitions on transactions with affiliates, changes in the composition of the board of directors and compliance with reporting, record keeping, voting, proxy disclosure and other rules and regulations that would significantly change our operations. In addition, the terms of our management agreement would need to be substantially revised or such agreement would need to be terminated. If the management agreement is terminated, we will, among other things, be in default under our repurchase facilities and financial institutions will have the right to terminate those facilities and their obligation to advance funds to us to finance our future investments. In addition, we may not be able to identify a replacement manager on favorable terms or at all.

 

We utilize a significant amount of debt to finance our portfolio, which may subject us to an increased risk of loss, adversely affecting the return on our investments and reducing cash available for distribution.

 

We utilize a significant amount of debt to finance our operations, which can compound losses and reduce the cash available for distributions to our stockholders. We generally leverage our portfolio through the use of bank credit facilities, repurchase agreements, securitizations, including the issuance of CDOs and other borrowings. The leverage we employ varies depending on our ability to obtain repurchase facilities, the loan-to-value and debt service coverage ratios of our assets, the yield on our assets, the targeted leveraged return we expect from our portfolio and our ability to meet ongoing covenants related to our asset mix and financial performance. Substantially all of our assets are pledged as collateral for our borrowings. Our return on our investments and cash available for distribution to our stockholders may be reduced to the extent that changes in market conditions cause the cost of our financing to increase relative to the income that we can derive from the assets we acquire. For example, we have purchased and expect to purchase in the future, subordinate classes of bonds in our CDOs, which represent leveraged investments in the collateral debt securities and other underlying assets. The use of leverage through such CDOs create the risk for the holders of the subordinate classes of bonds of increased exposure to losses on a leveraged basis as a result of defaults with respect to such collateral debt securities. As a result, the occurrence of defaults with respect to only a small portion of the collateral debt securities could result in the complete loss of the investment of the holders of the subordinate classes of bonds.

 

Our debt service payments, including payments in connection with any CDOs, reduce the net income available for distributions. Moreover, we may not be able to meet our debt service obligations and, to the extent that we cannot, we risk the loss of some or all of our assets to foreclosure or sale to satisfy our debt obligations. Under our repurchase agreements, our lenders take title to our assets and may have an ability to liquidate our assets through an expedited process. Currently, neither our charter nor our bylaws impose any limitations on the extent to which we may leverage our assets.

 

If GKK Manager LLC ceases to be our manager pursuant to the management agreement, financial institutions providing our repurchase facilities may not provide future financing to us.

 

One of the financial institutions that finance our investments pursuant to certain of our credit facilities and repurchase agreements require that GKK Manager LLC remain our Manager pursuant to the management agreement. If GKK Manager LLC ceases to be our Manager, it is an event of default and the applicable financial institution under these facilities has the right to terminate its facility and its obligation to advance funds to us to finance our future investments. If GKK Manager LLC ceases to be our Manager for any reason and we are unable to obtain financing under these or replacement credit and repurchase facilities, our growth may be limited.

 

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Our repurchase agreements and our CDO financing agreements may limit our ability to make investments.

 

In order to borrow money to make investments under our repurchase agreements, our lenders, Wachovia and Goldman Sachs have the right to review the potential investment for which we are seeking financing. We may be unable to obtain the consent of our lenders to make investments that we believe are favorable to our company. In the event that Wachovia or Goldman Sachs do not consent to the inclusion of the potential asset in the repurchase facility, we may be unable to obtain alternate financing for that investment. Our lender’s consent rights with respect to our repurchase agreements may limit our ability to execute our business plan.

 

Each CDO financing that we engage in will contain certain eligibility criteria with respect to the collateral that we seek to acquire and sell to the CDO issuer. If the collateral does not meet the eligibility criteria for eligible collateral as set forth in the transaction documents of such CDO transaction, we may not be able to acquire and sell such collateral to the CDO issuer. The inability of the collateral to meet eligibility requirements with respect to our CDOs may limit our ability to execute our business plan.

 

We may not be able to issue CDO securities on attractive terms, which may require us to seek more costly financing for our investments or to liquidate assets.

 

Conditions in the capital markets may make the issuance of a CDO less attractive to us even in instances when we have a sufficient pool of eligible collateral. If we are unable to issue a CDO to finance these assets, or if doing so is not economical, we may be required to seek other forms of potentially less attractive financing or otherwise to liquidate the collateral.

 

We may not be able to access financing sources on favorable terms, or at all, which could adversely affect our ability to execute our business plan and our ability to distribute dividends.

 

We finance our assets over the long-term through a variety of means, including repurchase agreements, credit facilities, CDOs and other structured financings. We have also financed our acquisitions through the issuance of $100 million of trust preferred securities in 2005. Our ability to execute this strategy depends on various conditions in the markets for financing in this manner which are beyond our control, including lack of liquidity and greater credit spreads. We cannot be assured that these markets will remain an efficient source of long-term financing for our assets. If our strategy is not viable, we will have to find alternative forms of long-term financing for our assets, as secured revolving credit facilities and repurchase facilities may not accommodate long-term financing. This could subject us to more recourse indebtedness and the risk that debt service on less efficient forms of financing would require a larger portion of our cash flows, thereby reducing cash available for distribution to our stockholders, funds available for operations as well as for future business opportunities.

 

In addition, we depend upon the availability of adequate financing sources and capital for our operations. As a REIT, we are required to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gain, to our stockholders and are therefore not able to retain our earnings for new investments. However, our taxable REIT subsidiaries are able to retain (and likely will retain) earnings for investment in new capital, subject to maintaining our qualification as a REIT. We cannot be assured that any, or sufficient, funding or capital will be available to us in the future on terms that are acceptable to us.

 

Furthermore, if the minimum dividend distribution required to maintain our REIT qualification becomes large relative to our cash flow due to our taxable income exceeding our cash flow from operations, then we could be forced to borrow funds, sell assets or raise capital on unfavorable terms, if we are able to at all, in order to maintain our REIT qualification. In the event that we cannot obtain sufficient funding on acceptable terms, there may be a negative impact on the market price of our common shares and our ability to distribute dividends.

 

Lack of diversification in number of investments increases our dependence on individual investments.

 

If we acquire larger loans or property interests, our portfolio will be concentrated in a smaller number of assets, increasing the risk of loss to stockholders if a default or other problem arises.

 

Interest rate fluctuations could reduce our ability to generate income on our investments.

 

The yield on our investments in real estate securities and loans is sensitive to changes in prevailing interest rates and changes in prepayment rates. Changes in interest rates can affect our net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income we earn on our interest-earning investments and the interest expense we incur in financing these investments. We tend to price loans at a

 

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spread to either United States Treasury obligations, swaps or LIBOR. A decrease in these indexes will lower the yield on our investments. Conversely, if these indexes rise materially, borrowers may be unable to borrow the higher-leverage loans that we target.

 

In a period of rising interest rates, our interest expense could increase while the interest we earn on our fixed-rate assets would not change, which would adversely affect our profitability.

 

Our operating results depend in large part on differences between the income from our assets, net of credit losses, and financing costs. In most cases, for any period during which our assets are not match-funded, the income from such assets will respond more slowly to interest rate fluctuations than the cost of our borrowings. Consequently, changes in interest rates, particularly short-term interest rates, may significantly influence our net income. Increases in these rates will tend to decrease our net income and market value of our assets. Interest rate fluctuations resulting in our interest expense exceeding our interest income would result in operating losses for us and may limit or eliminate our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.

 

If credit spreads widen before we obtain long-term financing for our assets, the value of our assets may suffer.

 

We price our assets based on our assumptions about future credit spreads for financing of those assets. We have obtained and will obtain in the future longer term financing for our assets using structured financing techniques. Such issuances entail interest rates set at a spread over a certain benchmark, such as the yield on United States Treasury obligations, swaps or LIBOR. If the spread that investors are paying on our current structured finance vehicle and will pay on future structured finance vehicles we may engage in over the benchmark widens and the rates we are charging or will charge on our securitized assets are not increased accordingly, this may reduce our income or cause losses.

 

The repurchase agreements and credit facilities that we use to finance our investments may require us to provide additional collateral.

 

We use credit facilities and repurchase agreements to finance some of our debt investments, primarily on an interim basis. If the market value of the loans pledged or sold by us to a funding source decline in value, we may be required by the lending institution to provide additional collateral or pay down a portion of the funds advanced. We may not have the funds available to pay down our debt, which could result in defaults. Posting additional collateral to support our repurchase and credit facilities will reduce our liquidity and limit our ability to leverage our assets. In the event we do not have sufficient liquidity to meet such requirements, lending institutions can accelerate our indebtedness, increase interest rates and terminate our ability to borrow. Such a situation would likely result in a rapid deterioration of our financial condition and possibly necessitate a filing for protection under the United States Bankruptcy Code.

 

Further, facility providers may require us to maintain a certain amount of cash uninvested or set aside unlevered assets sufficient to maintain a specified liquidity position which would allow us to satisfy our collateral obligations. As a result, we may not be able to leverage our assets as fully as we would choose, which could reduce our return on assets. In the event that we are unable to meet these collateral obligations, our financial condition could deteriorate rapidly.

 

Lenders may require us to enter into restrictive covenants relating to our operations.

 

When we obtain financing, lenders impose restrictions on us that affect our ability to incur additional debt, our capability to make distributions to stockholders and our flexibility to determine our operating policies. Loan documents we execute contain negative covenants that limit, among other things, our ability to repurchase stock, distribute more than a certain amount of our funds from operations, and employ leverage beyond certain amounts.

 

The use of CDO financings with coverage tests may have a negative impact on our operating results and cash flows.

 

We have purchased, and expect to purchase in the future, subordinate classes of bonds in our CDO financings. The terms of the CDO securities issued by us include and will include coverage tests, including over-collateralization tests, used primarily to determine whether and to what extent principal and interest proceeds on the underlying collateral debt securities and other assets may be used to pay principal of and interest on the subordinate classes of bonds in the CDO. In the event the coverage tests are not satisfied, interest and principal that would otherwise be payable on the subordinate classes may be re-directed to pay principal on the senior bond classes. Therefore, failure to satisfy the coverage tests could adversely affect our operating results and cash flows. Although these coverage tests are currently being met, we cannot be assured that the coverage tests will continue to be satisfied in the future.

 

Certain coverage tests (based on delinquency levels or other criteria) may also restrict our ability to receive net income from assets pledged to secure the CDOs. We cannot be assured in advance of completing negotiations with the rating agencies or other key

 

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transaction parties on any future CDOs, the actual terms of the delinquency tests, over-collateralization terms, cash flow release mechanisms or other significant factors regarding the calculation of net income to us. Failure to obtain favorable terms with regard to these matters may materially and adversely affect the availability of net income to us. If our assets fail to perform as anticipated, our over-collateralization or other credit enhancement expense associated with our CDOs will increase.

 

We may not be able to renew the total return swaps that we enter into, which could adversely impact our leveraging strategy.

 

Subject to maintaining our qualification as a REIT, we leverage certain of our investments through the use of total return swaps. We may wish to renew many of the swaps, which are for specified terms, as they mature. However, there is a limited number of providers of such swaps, and there is no assurance the initial swap providers will choose to renew the swaps, and—if they do not renew—that we would be able to obtain suitable replacement providers. Providers may choose not to renew our total return swaps for a number of reasons, including:

 

                  increases in the provider’s cost of funding;

                  insufficient volume of business with a particular provider;

                  a desire by our company to invest in a type of swap that the provider does not view as economically attractive due to changes in interest rates or other market factors; or

                  the inability of our company and a provider to agree on terms.

 

Furthermore, our ability to invest in total return swaps, other than through a taxable REIT subsidiary, or TRS, may be severely limited by the REIT qualification requirements because total return swaps are not qualifying assets and do not produce qualifying income for purposes of the REIT asset and income tests.

 

We may be required to repurchase loans that we have sold or to indemnify holders of our CDOs.

 

If any of the loans we originate or acquire and sell or securitize do not comply with representations and warranties that we make about certain characteristics of the loans, the borrowers and the underlying properties, we may be required to repurchase those loans (including from a trust vehicle used to facilitate a structured financing of the assets through CDOs) or replace them with substitute loans. In addition, in the case of loans that we have sold instead of retained, we may be required to indemnify persons for losses or expenses incurred as a result of a breach of a representation or warranty. Repurchased loans typically require a significant allocation of working capital to carry on our books, and our ability to borrow against such assets is limited. Any significant repurchases or indemnification payments could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.

 

Our hedging transactions may limit our gains or result in losses.

 

Subject to maintaining our qualification as a REIT, we use derivative instruments, including forwards, futures, swaps and options, in our risk management strategy to limit the effects of changes in interest rates on our operations. Our primary hedging strategy consists of entering into interest rate swap contracts. Additionally, we, in certain select instances choose to hedge our exposure to fluctuations in CMBS credit spreads by purchasing swaps written against a broad-based CMBS index. The value of our forwards, futures and swaps may fluctuate over time in response to changing market conditions, and will tend to change inversely with the value of the risk in our liabilities that we intend to hedge. Hedges are sometimes ineffective because the correlation between changes in value of the underlying investment and the derivative instrument is less than was expected when the hedging transaction was undertaken. Since most of our hedging activity is intended to cover the period between origination or purchase of loans and their eventual sale or securitization, unmatched losses in our hedging program tend to occur when the planned securitization fails to occur, or if the hedge proves to be ineffective.

 

Our hedging transactions, which are intended to limit losses, may actually limit gains and increase our exposure to losses. The use of derivatives to hedge our liabilities carries certain risks, including the risk that losses on a hedge position will reduce the cash available for distribution to stockholders and that these losses may exceed the amount invested in such instruments. A hedge may not be effective in eliminating all of the risks inherent in any particular position and could result in higher interest rates than we would otherwise have. In addition, there will be many market risks against which we may not be able to hedge effectively. Furthermore, we do not hedge any risks with respect to instruments that we may purchase or hold for investment rather than securitization. Moreover, no hedging activity can completely insulate us from the risks associated with changes in interest rates, and our qualification as a REIT may limit our ability to effectively hedge our interest rate exposure. Our profitability may be adversely affected during any period as a result of the use of derivatives.

 

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We are subject to significant competition and we may not compete successfully.

 

We have significant competition with respect to our acquisition and origination of assets with many other companies, including other REITs, insurance companies, commercial banks, private investment funds, hedge funds, specialty finance companies and other investors, some of which have greater resources than us, and we may not be able to compete successfully for investments.

 

Rapid changes in the values of our MBS and other real estate related investments may make it more difficult for us to maintain our qualification as a REIT or exemption from the Investment Company Act.

 

If the market value or income potential of our MBS and other real estate-related investments declines as a result of increased interest rates, prepayment rates or other factors, we may need to increase our real estate investments and income and/or liquidate our non-qualifying assets in order to maintain our REIT qualification or exemption from the Investment Company Act. If the decline in real estate asset values and/or income occurs quickly, this may be especially difficult to accomplish. This difficulty may be exacerbated by the illiquid nature of many of our non-real estate assets. We may have to make investment decisions that we otherwise would not make absent the REIT and Investment Company Act considerations.

 

Terrorist attacks and other acts of violence or war may affect the market for our common stock, the industry in which we conduct our operations and our profitability.

 

Terrorist attacks may harm our results of operations and the stockholder’s investment. We cannot be assured that there will not be further terrorist attacks against the U.S. or U.S. businesses. These attacks or armed conflicts may directly impact the property underlying our asset-based securities or the securities markets in general. Losses resulting from these types of events are uninsurable.

 

More generally, any of these events could cause consumer confidence and spending to decrease or result in increased volatility in the U.S. and worldwide financial markets and economy. Adverse economic conditions could harm the value of the property underlying our asset-backed securities or the securities markets in general which could harm our operating results and revenues and may result in the volatility of the value of our securities.

 

We are highly dependent on information systems and third parties, and systems failures could significantly disrupt our business, which may, in turn, negatively affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to pay dividends.

 

Our business is highly dependent on communications and information systems. Any failure or interruption of our systems could cause delays or other problems in our securities trading activities, including mortgage-backed securities trading activities, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and negatively affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to pay dividends.

 

Risks Related to Our Investments

 

Some of our portfolio investments may be recorded at fair value as determined in good faith by our Manager and, as a result, there will be uncertainty as to the value of these investments.

 

Some of our portfolio investments may be in the form of securities that are not publicly traded. The fair value of securities and other investments that are not publicly traded may not be readily determinable. We value these investments quarterly at fair value as determined in good faith by our Manager. Because such valuations are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates, our determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for these securities existed. The value of our common stock could be adversely affected if our determinations regarding the fair value of these investments were materially higher than the values that we ultimately realize upon their disposal.

 

A prolonged economic slowdown, a lengthy or severe recession or declining real estate values could harm our operations.

 

We believe the risks associated with our business is more severe during periods of economic slowdown or recession if these periods are accompanied by declining real estate values. Declining real estate values will likely reduce our level of new mortgage loan originations, since borrowers often use increases in the value of their existing properties to support the purchase or investment in additional properties. Borrowers may also be less able to pay principal and interest on our loans if the real estate economy weakens. Further, declining real estate values significantly increase the likelihood that we will incur losses on our loans in the event of default because the value of our collateral may be insufficient to cover our cost on the loan. Any sustained period of increased payment

 

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delinquencies, foreclosures or losses could adversely affect both our net interest income from loans in our portfolio as well as our ability to originate, sell and securitize loans, which would significantly harm our revenues, results of operations, financial condition, business prospects and our ability to make distributions to the stockholders.

 

We may be adversely affected by unfavorable economic changes in geographic areas where our properties are concentrated.

 

Adverse conditions in the areas where the properties underlying our investments are located (including business layoffs or downsizing, industry slowdowns, changing demographics and other factors) and local real estate conditions (such as oversupply of, or reduced demand for, office and industrial properties) may have an adverse effect on the value of our properties. A material decline in the demand or the ability of tenants to pay rent for office and industrial space in these geographic areas may result in a material decline in our cash available for distribution.

 

Joint investments could be adversely affected by our lack of sole decision-making authority and reliance upon a co-venturer’s financial condition.

 

We co-invest with third parties through partnerships, joint ventures, co-tenancies or other entities, acquiring non-controlling interests in, or sharing responsibility for managing the affairs of, a property, partnership, joint venture, co-tenancy or other entity. Therefore, we will not be in a position to exercise sole decision-making authority regarding that property, partnership, joint venture or other entity. Investments in partnerships, joint ventures, or other entities may involve risks not present were a third party not involved, including the possibility that our partners, co-tenants or co-venturers might become bankrupt or otherwise fail to fund their share of required capital contributions. Additionally, our partners or co-venturers might at any time have economic or other business interests or goals which are inconsistent with our business interests or goals. These investments may also have the potential risk of impasses on decisions such as a sale, because neither we nor the partner, co-tenant or co-venturer would have full control over the partnership or joint venture. Consequently, actions by such partner, co-tenant or co-venturer might result in subjecting properties owned by the partnership or joint venture to additional risk. In addition, we may in specific circumstances be liable for the actions of our third-party partners, co-tenants or co-venturers.

 

Although our existing joint venture agreements do not contain such provisions, we may in the future enter into joint venture agreements that contain terms in favor of our partners that may have an adverse effect on the value of our investments in the joint ventures. For example, we may be entitled under a particular joint venture agreement to an economic share in the profits of the joint venture that is smaller than our ownership percentage in the joint venture, our partner may be entitled to a specified portion of the profits of the joint venture before we are entitled to any portion of such profits and our partner may have rights to buy our interest in the joint venture, to force us to buy the partner’s interest in the joint venture or to compel the sale of the property owned by such joint venture. These rights may permit our partner in a particular joint venture to obtain a greater benefit from the value or profits of the joint venture than us, which may have an adverse effect on the value of our investment in the joint venture and on our financial condition and results of operations.

 

Liability relating to environmental matters may impact the value of the properties that we may acquire or underlying our investments.

 

Under various U.S. federal, state and local laws, an owner or operator of real property may become liable for the costs of removal of certain hazardous substances released on its property. These laws often impose liability without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of, or, was responsible for, the release of such hazardous substances.

 

If we acquire properties directly, there may be environmental problems associated with the property which we were unaware of at the time of acquisition. The presence of hazardous substances may adversely affect an owner’s ability to sell real estate or borrow using real estate as collateral. To the extent that an owner of a property underlying one of our debt investments becomes liable for removal costs, the ability of the owner to make debt payments to us may be reduced. This, in turn, may adversely affect the value of the relevant mortgage asset held by us and our ability to make distributions to stockholders.

 

If we acquire any properties, the presence of hazardous substances on a property may adversely affect our ability to sell the property and we may incur substantial remediation costs, thus harming our financial condition. In addition, although our leases, if any, will generally require our tenants to operate in compliance with all applicable laws and to indemnify us against any environmental liabilities arising from a tenant’s activities on the property, we nonetheless would be subject to strict liability by virtue of our ownership interest for environmental liabilities created by such tenants, and we cannot ensure the stockholders that any tenants we might have would satisfy their indemnification obligations under the applicable sales agreement or lease. The discovery of material environmental liabilities attached

 

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to such properties could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.

 

Hedging instruments often are not traded on regulated exchanges, guaranteed by an exchange or its clearing house, or regulated by any U.S. or foreign governmental authorities and involve risks and costs.

 

The cost of using hedging instruments increases as the period covered by the instrument increases and during periods of rising and volatile interest rates. We may increase our hedging activity and thus increase our hedging costs during periods when interest rates are volatile or rising and hedging costs have increased.

 

In addition, hedging instruments involve risk since they often are not traded on regulated exchanges, guaranteed by an exchange or its clearing house, or regulated by any U.S. or foreign governmental authorities. Consequently, there are no requirements with respect to record keeping, financial responsibility or segregation of customer funds and positions. Furthermore, the enforceability of agreements underlying derivative transactions may depend on compliance with applicable statutory and commodity and other regulatory requirements and, depending on the identity of the counterparty, applicable international requirements. The business failure of a hedging counterparty with whom we enter into a hedging transaction will most likely result in a default. Default by a party with whom we enter into a hedging transaction may result in the loss of unrealized profits and force us to cover our resale commitments, if any, at the then current market price. Although generally we will seek to reserve the right to terminate our hedging positions, it may not always be possible to dispose of or close out a hedging position without the consent of the hedging counterparty, and we may not be able to enter into an offsetting contract in order to cover our risk. We cannot be assured that a liquid secondary market will exist for hedging instruments purchased or sold, and we may be required to maintain a position until exercise or expiration, which could result in losses.

 

Prepayments can adversely affect the yields on our investments.

 

The yield of our assets may be affected by the rate of prepayments differing from our projections. Prepayments on debt instruments, where permitted under the debt documents, are influenced by changes in current interest rates and a variety of economic, geographic and other factors beyond our control, and consequently, such prepayment rates cannot be predicted with certainty. In periods of declining interest rates, prepayments on mortgage at similar yields, and loans generally increase. If we are unable to invest the proceeds of such prepayments received, the yield on our portfolio will decline. In addition, we may acquire assets at a discount or premium and if the asset does not repay when expected, our anticipated yield may be impacted. Under certain interest rate and prepayment scenarios we may fail to recoup fully our cost of acquisition of certain investments.

 

The loans we invest in and the commercial mortgage loans underlying the CMBS we invest in are subject to risks of delinquency and foreclosure.

 

Commercial mortgage loans are secured by commercial or multi-family property and are subject to risks of delinquency and foreclosure. These risks of loss are greater than similar risks associated with loans made on the security of single-family residential property. The ability of a borrower to pay principal and interest on a loan secured by an income-producing property typically is dependent primarily upon the successful operation of the property rather than upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. If the net operating income of the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. Net operating income of an income-producing property can be affected by a number of conditions beyond our control, including:

 

                  tenant mix;

                  success of tenant businesses;

                  property management decisions;

                  property location and condition;

                  competition from comparable types of properties;

                  changes in laws that increase operating expense or limit rents that may be charged;

                  any need to address environmental contamination at the property;

                  the occurrence of any uninsured casualty at the property;

                  changes in national, regional or local economic conditions and/or specific industry segments;

                  declines in regional or local real estate values;

                  declines in regional or local rental or occupancy rates;

                  increases in interest rates, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses; and

                  changes in governmental rules, regulations and fiscal policies, including environmental legislation, acts of God, terrorism, social unrest and civil disturbances.

 

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Any of these factors could have an adverse affect on the ability of the borrower to make payments of principal and interest in a timely fashion, or at all, on the mortgage loans in which we invest and could adversely affect the cash flows we intend to receive from these investments.

 

In the event of any default under a mortgage loan held directly by us, we will bear the risk of loss of principal to the extent of any deficiency between the value of the collateral and the principal and accrued interest on the mortgage loan, which could have a material adverse effect on our cash flow from operations and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. In the event of the bankruptcy of a mortgage loan borrower, the mortgage loan to the borrower will be deemed to be secured only to the extent of the value of the underlying collateral at the time of bankruptcy (as determined by the bankruptcy court), and the lien securing the mortgage loan will be subject to the avoidance powers of the bankruptcy trustee or debtor-in-possession to the extent the lien is unenforceable under state law. Foreclosure of a mortgage loan can be an expensive and lengthy process which could have a substantial negative effect on our anticipated return on the foreclosed mortgage loan.

 

CMBS evidence interests in or are secured by a single commercial mortgage loan or a pool of commercial mortgage loans. Residential MBS evidence interests in or are secured by a pool of single-family residential mortgage loans. Accordingly, multi-property MBS we invest in are subject to all of the risks of the underlying mortgage loans.

 

The subordinate interests in whole loans in which we invest may be subject to additional risks relating to the privately negotiated structure and terms of the transaction, which may result in losses to us.

 

A subordinate interest in a whole loan is a mortgage loan typically (i) secured by a whole loan on a single large commercial property or group of related properties and (ii) subordinated to an senior interest secured by the same whole loan on the same collateral. As a result, if a borrower defaults, there may not be sufficient funds remaining for subordinate interest owners after payment to the senior interest owners. Subordinate interests reflect similar credit risks to comparably rated CMBS. However, since each transaction is privately negotiated, subordinate interests can vary in their structural characteristics and risks. For example, the rights of holders of subordinate interests to control the process following a borrower default may be limited in certain investments. We cannot predict the terms of each subordinate investment. Further, subordinate interests typically are secured by a single property, and so reflect the increased risks associated with a single property compared to a pool of properties. Subordinate interests also are less liquid than CMBS, thus we may be unable to dispose of underperforming or non-performing investments. The higher risks associated with our subordinate position in these investments could subject us to increased risk of losses.

 

Investment in non-conforming and non-investment grade loans may involve increased risk of loss.

 

We acquire or originate and may continue to acquire or originate in the future certain loans that do not conform to conventional loan criteria applied by traditional lenders and are not rated or are rated as non-investment grade (for example, for investments rated by Moody’s Investors Service, ratings lower than Baa3, and for Standard & Poor’s, BBB- or below). The non-investment grade ratings for these loans typically result from the overall leverage of the loans, the lack of a strong operating history for the properties underlying the loans, the borrowers’ credit history, the properties’ underlying cash flow or other factors. As a result, these loans have a higher risk of default and loss than conventional loans. Any loss we incur may reduce distributions to our stockholders. There are no limits on the percentage of unrated or non-investment grade assets we may hold in our portfolio.

 

Investments in mezzanine loans involve greater risks of loss than senior loans secured by income producing properties.

 

Investments in mezzanine loans are secured by a pledge of the ownership interests in the entity that directly or indirectly owns the property. These types of investments involve a higher degree of risk than a senior mortgage loan because the investment may become unsecured as a result of foreclosure by the senior lender. In the event of a bankruptcy of the entity providing the pledge of its ownership interests as security, we may not have full recourse, to the assets of the property owning entity, or the assets of the entity may not be sufficient to satisfy our mezzanine loan. If a borrower defaults on our mezzanine loan or debt senior to our loan, or in the event of a borrower bankruptcy, our mezzanine loan will be satisfied only after the senior debt is paid in full. As a result, we may not recover some or all of our investment, which could result in losses. In addition, mezzanine loans may have higher loan to value ratios than conventional mortgage loans, resulting in less equity in the property and increasing the risk of loss of principal.

 

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Bridge loans involve a greater risk of loss than traditional mortgage loans.

 

We provide bridge loans secured by first lien mortgages on a property to borrowers who are typically seeking short-term capital to be used in an acquisition or renovation of real estate. The borrower has usually identified an undervalued asset that has been under-managed or is located in a recovering market. If the market in which the asset is located fails to recover according to the borrower’s projections, or if the borrower fails to improve the quality of the asset’s management or the value of the asset, the borrower may not receive a sufficient return on the asset to satisfy the bridge loan, and we may not recover some or all of our investment.

 

In addition, owners usually borrow funds under a conventional mortgage loan to repay a bridge loan. We may therefore be dependent on a borrower’s ability to obtain permanent financing to repay our bridge loan, which could depend on market conditions and other factors. Bridge loans are also subject to risks of borrower defaults, bankruptcies, fraud, losses and special hazard losses that are not covered by standard hazard insurance. In the event of any default under bridge loans held by us, we bear the risk of loss of principal and non-payment of interest and fees to the extent of any deficiency between the value of the mortgage collateral and the principal amount of the bridge loan. To the extent we suffer such losses with respect to our investments in bridge loans, the value of our company and the price of our common stock may be adversely affected.

 

Preferred equity investments involve a greater risk of loss than transitional debt financing.

 

Preferred equity investments are subordinate to debt financing and are not secured. Should the issuer default on our investment, we would only be able to proceed against the entity that issued the preferred equity in accordance with the terms of the preferred security, and not any property owned by the entity. Furthermore, in the event of bankruptcy or foreclosure, we would only be able to recoup our investment after any lenders to the entity are paid. As a result, we may not recover some or all of our investment, which could result in losses.

 

Our investments in subordinate loans and subordinated CMBS are subject to losses.

 

We acquire subordinated loans and may invest in subordinated CMBS. In the event a borrower defaults on a loan and lacks sufficient assets to satisfy our loan, we may suffer a loss of principal or interest. In the event a borrower declares bankruptcy, we may not have full recourse to the assets of the borrower, or the assets of the borrower may not be sufficient to satisfy the loan. In addition, certain of our loans may be subordinate to other debt of the borrower. If a borrower defaults on our loan or on debt senior to our loan, or in the event of a borrower bankruptcy, our loan will be satisfied only after the senior debt is paid in full. Where debt senior to our loan exists, the presence of intercreditor arrangements may limit our ability to amend our loan documents, assign our loans, accept prepayments, exercise our remedies (through “standstill periods”) and control decisions made in bankruptcy proceedings relating to borrowers.

 

In general, losses on a mortgage loan included in a securitization will be borne first by the equity holder of the property, then by a cash reserve fund or letter of credit, if any, and then by the “first loss” subordinated security holder. In the event of default and the exhaustion of any equity support, reserve fund, letter of credit and any classes of securities junior to those in which we invest, we will not be able to recover all of our investment in the securities we purchase. Likewise, we may not be able to recover some or all of our investment in certain subordinated loans in which we obtain interests. In addition, if the underlying mortgage portfolio has been overvalued by the originator, or if the values subsequently decline and, as a result, less collateral is available to satisfy interest and principal payments due on the related MBS, the securities in which we invest may effectively become the “first loss” position behind the more senior securities, which may result in significant losses to us.

 

An economic downturn could increase the risk of loss on our investments in subordinated MBS. The prices of lower credit-quality securities, such as the subordinated MBS in which we may invest, are generally less sensitive to interest rate changes than more highly rated investments, but are more sensitive to adverse economic downturns or individual property developments. An economic downturn or a projection of an economic downturn could cause a decline in the price of lower credit quality securities because the ability of obligors of mortgages underlying MBS to make principal and interest payments may be impaired. In such event, existing credit support to a securitized structure may be insufficient to protect us against loss of our principal on these securities.

 

Our investments in debt securities are subject to specific risks relating to the particular issuer of the securities and to the general risks of investing in subordinated real estate securities.

 

Our investments in debt securities involve special risks. REITs generally are required to invest substantially in real estate or real estate-related assets and are subject to the inherent risks associated with real estate-related investments discussed in this filing. Our investments in debt are subject to the risks described above with respect to mortgage loans and MBS and similar risks, including:

 

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                  risks of delinquency and foreclosure, and risks of loss in the event thereof;

                  the dependence upon the successful operation of and net income from real property;

                  risks generally incident to interests in real property; and

                  risks that may be presented by the type and use of a particular commercial property.

 

Debt securities are generally unsecured and may also be subordinated to other obligations of the issuer. We may also invest in debt securities that are rated below investment grade. As a result, investments in debt securities are also subject to risks of:

 

                  limited liquidity in the secondary trading market;

                  substantial market price volatility resulting from changes in prevailing interest rates;

                  subordination to the prior claims of banks and other senior lenders to the issuer;

                  the operation of mandatory sinking fund or call/redemption provisions during periods of declining interest rates that could cause the issuer to reinvest premature redemption proceeds in lower yielding assets;

                  the possibility that earnings of the debt security issuer may be insufficient to meet its debt service; and

                  the declining creditworthiness and potential for insolvency of the issuer of such debt securities during periods of rising interest rates and economic downturn.

 

These risks may adversely affect the value of outstanding debt securities and the ability of the issuers thereof to repay principal and interest.

 

Our real estate investments are subject to risks particular to real property.

 

We own assets secured by real estate and may own real estate directly. Real estate investments are subject to risks particular to real property.

 

                  acts of God, including earthquakes floods and other natural disasters, which may result in uninsured losses;

                  acts of war or terrorism, including the consequences of terrorist attacks, such as those that occurred on September 11, 2001;

                  adverse changes in national and local economic and market conditions;

                  changes in governmental laws and regulations, fiscal policies and zoning ordinances and the related costs of compliance with laws and regulations, fiscal policies and ordinances;

                  costs of remediation and liabilities associated with environmental conditions such as indoor mold; and

                  the potential for uninsured or under-insured property losses.

 

If any of these or similar events occur, it may reduce our return from an affected property or investment and reduce or eliminate our ability to make distributions to stockholders.

 

Our real estate investments may be illiquid, which could restrict our ability to respond rapidly to changes in economic conditions.

 

The real estate and real estate-related assets in which we invest are generally illiquid. In addition, the instruments that we purchase in connection with privately negotiated transactions are not registered under the relevant securities laws, resulting in a prohibition against their transfer, sale, pledge or other disposition except in a transaction that is exempt from the registration requirements of, or is otherwise in accordance with, those laws. A majority of the MBS and debt instruments that we purchase are purchased in private, unregistered transactions. As a result, the majority of our investments in securities are subject to restrictions on resale or otherwise have no established trading market. As a result, our ability to sell under-performing assets in our portfolio or respond to changes in economic and other conditions may be relatively limited.

 

Investments in CTL properties may generate losses.

 

The value of our investments and the income from our investments in CTL properties may be significantly adversely affected by a number of factors, including:

 

                  national, state and local economic climates;

                  real estate conditions, such as an oversupply of or a reduction in demand for real estate space in the area;

                  the perceptions of tenants and prospective tenants of the convenience, attractiveness and safety of our properties;

 

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                  competition from comparable properties;

                  the occupancy rate of our properties;

                  the ability to collect on a timely basis all rent from tenants;

                  the effects of any bankruptcies or insolvencies of major tenants;

                  the expense of re-leasing space;

                  changes in interest rates and in the availability, cost and terms of mortgage funding;

                  the impact of present or future environmental legislation and compliance with environmental laws;

                  cost of compliance with the American with Disabilities Act of 1990;

                  adverse changes in governmental rules and fiscal policies;

                  civil unrest;

                  acts of nature, including earthquakes, hurricanes and other natural disasters (which may result in uninsured losses);

                  acts of terrorism or war;

                  adverse changes in zoning laws; and

                  other factors which are beyond our control.

 

Our due diligence may not reveal all of a borrower’s liabilities and may not reveal other weaknesses in its business.

 

Before investing in a company or making a loan to a borrower, we assess the strength and skills of such entity’s management and other factors that we believe are material to the performance of the investment. In making the assessment and otherwise conducting customary due diligence, we rely on the resources available to us and, in some cases, an investigation by third parties. This process is particularly subjective with respect to newly organized entities because there may be little or no information publicly available about the entities. There can be no assurance that our due diligence processes will uncover all relevant facts or that any investment will be successful.

 

Risks Related to Our Organization and Structure

 

The concentration of our ownership may adversely affect the ability of investors to influence our policies.

 

SL Green owns approximately 25% of the outstanding shares of our common stock. In addition, SL Green has the right to purchase 25% of the shares in any future offering of common stock. Accordingly, SL Green has significant influence over us. The ownership level of SL Green may discourage or prevent others from trying to acquire control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating any offer, including potential acquisitions that might involve a premium price for our common stock or otherwise be in the best interest of our stockholders. This concentration of ownership may result in decisions affecting us that may not serve the best interest of all stockholders.

 

Maryland takeover statutes may prevent a change of control of our company, which could depress our stock price.

 

Under Maryland law, “business combinations” between a Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder or an affiliate of an interested stockholder are prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. These business combinations include a merger, consolidation, share exchange, or, in circumstances specified in the statute, an asset transfer or issuance or reclassification of equity securities. An interested stockholder is defined as:

 

                  any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of the corporation’s shares; or

                  an affiliate or associate of the corporation who, at any time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner of 10% or more of the voting power of the then outstanding voting stock of the corporation.

 

A person is not an interested stockholder under the statute if the board of directors approves in advance the transaction by which he otherwise would have become an interested stockholder.

 

After the five-year prohibition, any business combination between the Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder generally must be recommended by the board of directors of the corporation and approved by the affirmative vote of at least:

 

                  80% of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding shares of voting stock of the corporation; and

                  two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of voting stock of the corporation other than shares held by the interested stockholder with whom or with whose affiliate the business combination is to be effected or held by an affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder.

 

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The business combination statute may discourage others from trying to acquire control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating any offer, including potential acquisitions that might involve a premium price for our common stock or otherwise be in the best interest of our stockholders.

 

We have opted out of these provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law, or the MGCL, with respect to its business combination provisions and its control share provisions by resolution of our board of directors and a provision in our bylaws, respectively. However, in the future our board of directors may reverse its decision by resolution and elect to opt in to the MGCL’s business combination provisions, or amend our bylaws and elect to opt in to the MGCL’s control share provisions.

 

Additionally, Title 8, Subtitle 3 of the MGCL permits our board of directors, without stockholder approval and regardless of what is provided in our charter or bylaws, to implement takeover defenses, some of which we do not have. These provisions may have the effect of inhibiting a third party from making us an acquisition proposal or of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in our control under circumstances that otherwise could provide the stockholders with an opportunity to realize a premium over the then-current market price.

 

Our authorized but unissued preferred stock may prevent a change in our control which could be in the shareholders’ best interests.

 

Our charter authorizes us to issue additional authorized but unissued shares of our common stock or preferred stock. Any such issuance could dilute our existing stockholders’ interests. In addition, our board of directors may classify or reclassify any unissued shares of preferred stock and may set the preferences, rights and other terms of the classified or reclassified shares. As a result, our board of directors may establish a series of preferred stock that could delay or prevent a transaction or a change in control that might be in the best interest of our stockholders.

 

Our staggered board of directors and other provisions of our charter and bylaws may prevent a change in our control.

 

Our board of directors is divided into three classes of directors. The current terms of the directors expire in 2006, 2007 and 2008. Directors of each class are chosen for three-year terms upon the expiration of their current terms, and each year one class of directors is elected by the stockholders. The staggered terms of our directors may reduce the possibility of a tender offer or an attempt at a change in control, even though a tender offer or change in control might be in the best interest of our stockholders. In addition, our charter and bylaws also contain other provisions that may delay or prevent a transaction or a change in control that might be in the best interest of our stockholders.

 

Changes in market conditions could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

 

As with other publicly traded equity securities, the value of our common stock depends on various market conditions which may change from time to time. Among the market conditions that may affect the value of our common stock are the following:

 

                  the general reputation of REITs and the attractiveness of our equity securities in comparison to other equity securities, including securities issued by other real estate-based companies;

                  our financial performance; and

                  general stock and bond market conditions.

 

The market value of our common stock is based primarily upon the market’s perception of our growth potential and our current and potential future earnings and cash dividends. Consequently, our common stock may trade at prices that are higher or lower than our net asset value per share of common stock. If our future earnings or cash dividends are less than expected, it is likely that the market price of our common stock will diminish.

 

An increase in market interest rates may have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.

 

One of the factors that investors may consider in deciding whether to buy or sell shares of our common stock is our distribution rate as a percentage of our share price relative to market interest rates. If the market price of our common stock is based primarily on the earnings and return that we derive from our investments and income with respect to our investments and our related distributions to stockholders, and not from the market value of the investments themselves, then interest rate fluctuations and capital market conditions will likely affect the market price of our common stock. For instance, if market rates rise without an increase in our distribution rate,

 

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the market price of our common stock could decrease as potential investors may require a higher distribution yield on our common stock or seek other securities paying higher distributions or interest. In addition, rising interest rates would result in increased interest expense on our variable rate debt, thereby adversely affecting cash flow and our ability to service our indebtedness and pay distributions.

 

Risks Related to Our Taxation as a REIT

 

Our failure to qualify as a REIT would result in higher taxes and reduced cash available for stockholders.

 

We intend to continue to operate in a manner so as to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Our continued qualification as a REIT depends on our satisfaction of certain asset, income, organizational, distribution and stockholder ownership requirements on a continuing basis. Our ability to satisfy some of the asset tests depends upon the fair market values of our assets, some of which are not able to be precisely determined and for which we will not obtain independent appraisals. If we were to fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, and certain statutory relief provisions were not available, we would be subject to U.S. federal income tax, including any applicable alternative minimum tax, on our taxable income at regular corporate rates, and distributions to stockholders would not be deductible by us in computing our taxable income. Any such corporate tax liability could be substantial and would reduce the amount of cash available for distribution. Unless entitled to relief under certain Internal Revenue Code provisions, we also would be disqualified from taxation as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which we ceased to qualify as a REIT. See “Material U.S. Federal Tax Considerations” for a discussion of material U.S. federal income tax considerations relating to us and our common stock.

 

REIT distribution requirements could adversely affect our liquidity.

 

In order to qualify as a REIT, each year we must distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction, and not including any net capital gain. To the extent that we satisfy this distribution requirement, but distribute less than 100% of our net taxable income, we will be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on our undistributed net taxable income. In addition, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax if the actual amount that we pay out to our stockholders in a calendar year is less than a minimum amount specified under U.S. federal tax laws.

 

We intend to continue to make distributions to our stockholders to comply with the REIT distribution requirements and avoid corporate income tax and/or excise tax. However, differences in timing between the recognition of taxable income and the actual receipt of cash could require us to sell assets or borrow funds on a short-term or long-term basis to meet the 90% distribution requirement or avoid corporate income or excise tax. We may own assets that generate mismatches between taxable income and available cash. These assets may include (a) securities that have been financed through financing structures which require some or all of available cash flows to be used to service borrowings, (b) loans or MBS we hold that have been issued at a discount and require the accrual of taxable economic interest in advance of receipt in cash, and (c) distressed debt on which we may be required to accrue taxable interest income even though the borrower is unable to make current debt service payments in cash. As a result, the requirement to distribute a substantial portion of our net taxable income could cause us to: (a) sell assets in adverse market conditions, (b) borrow on unfavorable terms or (c) distribute amounts that would otherwise be invested in future acquisitions, capital expenditures or repayment of debt to comply with REIT requirements.

 

To maximize the return on our funds, cash generated from operations is expected to be used to temporarily pay down borrowings. When making distributions, we may borrow the required funds by drawing on credit capacity available under our credit or repurchase facilities. If distributions exceed the amount of cash generated from operations, we may be required to borrow additional funds, which, in turn, would reduce the amount of funds available for other purposes.

 

Further, amounts distributed will not be available to fund investment activities. We expect to fund our investments by raising equity capital and through borrowings from financial institutions. If we fail to obtain debt or equity capital in the future, it could limit our ability to grow, which could have a material adverse effect on the value of our common stock.

 

Complying with REIT requirements may limit our ability to hedge effectively.

 

The existing REIT provisions of the Internal Revenue Code may substantially limit our ability to hedge our operations. Except to the extent provided by Treasury regulations, any income from a hedging transaction we enter into in the normal course of our business primarily to manage risk of interest rate or price changes or currency fluctuations with respect to borrowings made or to be made, or ordinary obligations incurred or to be incurred, to acquire or carry real estate assets, which is clearly identified as specified in Treasury

 

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regulations before the close of the day on which it was acquired, originated, or entered into, including gain from the sale or disposition of such a transaction, will not constitute gross income for purposes of the 95% gross income test (and will generally constitute non-qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test). To the extent that we enter into other types of hedging transactions, the income from those transactions is likely to be treated as non-qualifying income for purposes of both of the gross income tests. In addition, we must limit our aggregate income from non-qualified hedging transactions, from our provision of services and from other non-qualifying sources, to less than 5% of our annual gross income (determined without regard to gross income from qualified hedging transactions). As a result, we may have to limit our use of certain hedging techniques or implement those hedges through TRSs. This could result in greater risks associated with changes in interest rates than we would otherwise want to incur or could increase the cost of our hedging activities. If we fail to satisfy the 25% or 5% limitations, we could lose our REIT qualification for U.S. federal income tax purposes, unless our failure was due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect, and we meet certain other technical requirements. Even if our failure was due to reasonable cause, we might incur a penalty tax.

 

The stock ownership limit imposed by the Internal Revenue Code for REITs and our charter may inhibit market activity in our stock and may restrict our business combination opportunities.

 

In order for us to maintain our qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, not more than 50% in value of our outstanding stock may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code to include certain entities) at any time during the last half of each taxable year. Our charter, with certain exceptions, authorizes our directors to take such actions as are necessary and desirable to preserve our qualification as a REIT. Unless exempted by our board of directors, no person may own more than 9.8% of the aggregate value of the outstanding shares of our stock. Our board of directors may not grant such an exemption to any proposed transferee whose ownership of in excess of 9.8% of the value of our outstanding shares would result in the termination of our status as a REIT. Our board of directors has waived this provision in connection with SL Green’s purchase of our shares. We have also granted waivers to two other purchases in connection with their purchase of our share in a previous private placement. These ownership limits could delay or prevent a transaction or a change in our control that might be in the best interest of our stockholders.

 

The tax on prohibited transactions will limit our ability to engage in transactions, including certain methods of securitizing mortgage loans, that would be treated as sales for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

A REIT’s net income from prohibited transactions is subject to a 100% tax. In general, prohibited transactions are sales or other dispositions of property, other than foreclosure property, but including mortgage loans, held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business. We might be subject to this tax if we were to sell or securitize loans in a manner that was treated as a sale of the loans for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Therefore, in order to avoid the prohibited transactions tax, we may choose not to engage in certain sales of loans and may limit the structures we utilize for our securitization transactions even though such sales or structures might otherwise be beneficial for us.

 

It may be possible to reduce the impact of the prohibited transaction tax by engaging in securitization transactions treated as sales through one or more of our TRSs, subject to certain limitations as described below. To the extent that we engage in such activities through one or more TRSs, the income associated with such activities may be subject to full corporate income tax.

 

The “taxable mortgage pool” rules may limit the manner in which we effect future securitizations and may subject us to U.S. federal income tax and increase the tax liability of our stockholders.

 

Certain of our current and future securitizations, such as our CDOs could be considered to result in the creation of taxable mortgage pools for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a REIT, so long as we or another private subsidiary REIT own 100% of the equity interests in a taxable mortgage pool, our qualification as a REIT would not be adversely affected by the characterization of the securitization as a taxable mortgage pool. We would generally be precluded, however, from holding equity interests in such securitizations through our operating partnership (unless held through a private subsidiary REIT), selling to outside investors equity interests in such securitizations or from selling any debt securities issued in connection with such securitizations that might be considered to be equity interests for tax purposes. These limitations will preclude us from using certain techniques to maximize our returns from securitization transactions.

 

Furthermore, although the law on the matter is unclear, we might be taxable at the highest corporate income tax rate on a portion of the income arising from a taxable mortgage pool that is allocable to the percentage of our shares held by “disqualified organizations,” which are generally certain cooperatives, governmental entities and tax-exempt organizations that are exempt from unrelated business taxable income. We expect that disqualified organizations will own our shares. Because this tax would be imposed on us, all of our

 

29



 

investors, including investors that are not disqualified organizations, would bear a portion of the tax cost associated with the classification of us or a portion of our assets as a taxable mortgage pool. See “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations—Effect of Subsidiary Entities—Taxable Mortgage Pools.”

 

In addition, if we realize excess inclusion income and allocate it to stockholders, this income cannot be offset by net operating losses of our stockholders. If the stockholder is a tax-exempt entity and not a disqualified organization, then this income would be fully taxable as unrelated business taxable income under Section 512 of the Internal Revenue Code. If the stockholder is a foreign person, it would be subject to U.S. federal income tax withholding on this.

 

We may be unable to generate sufficient revenue from operations to pay our operating expenses and to pay distributions to our stockholders.

 

As a REIT, we are generally required to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income (determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and not including net capital gains) each year to our stockholders. To qualify for the tax benefits accorded to REITs, we have and intend to continue to pay quarterly distributions and to make distributions to our stockholders in amounts such that we distribute all or substantially all our net taxable income each year, subject to certain adjustments. However, our ability to make distributions may be adversely affected by the risk factors described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In the event of a downturn in our operating results and financial performance or unanticipated declines in the value of our asset portfolio, we may be unable to declare or pay quarterly distributions or make distributions to our stockholders. The timing and amount of distributions are in the sole discretion of our board of directors, which considers, among other factors, our earnings, financial condition, debt service obligations and applicable debt covenants, REIT qualification requirements and other tax considerations and capital expenditure requirements as our board may deem relevant from time to time.

 

Although our use of TRSs may be able to partially mitigate the impact of meeting the requirements necessary to maintain our qualification as a REIT, our ownership of and relationship with our TRSs will be limited and a failure to comply with the limits would jeopardize our REIT qualification and may result in the application of a 100% excise tax.

 

A REIT may own up to 100% of the stock of one or more TRSs. A TRS generally may hold assets and earn income that would not be qualifying assets or income if held or earned directly by a REIT. Both the subsidiary and the REIT must jointly elect to treat the subsidiary as a TRS. A corporation of which a TRS directly or indirectly owns more than 35% of the voting power or value of the stock will automatically be treated as a TRS. Overall, no more than 20% of the value of a REIT’s assets may consist of stock or securities of one or more TRSs. In addition, the TRS rules limit the deductibility of interest paid or accrued by a TRS to its parent REIT to assure that the TRS is subject to an appropriate level of corporate taxation. The rules also impose a 100% excise tax on certain transactions between a TRS and its parent REIT that are not conducted on an arm’s-length basis.

 

Our TRSs, including GKK Trading Corp. and GIT Trading Corp., will pay federal, state and local income tax on their taxable income, and their after-tax net income will be available for distribution to us but will not be required to be distributed to us. We anticipate that the aggregate value of TRS securities owned by us will be less than 20% of the value of our total assets (including our TRS securities). Furthermore, we will monitor the value of our respective investments in our TRSs for the purpose of ensuring compliance with the rule that no more than 20% of the value of a REIT’s assets may consist of TRS securities (which is applied at the end of each calendar quarter). In addition, we will scrutinize all of our transactions with our TRSs for the purpose of ensuring that they are entered into on arm’s-length terms in order to avoid incurring the 100% excise tax described above. The value of the securities that we hold in our TRSs may not be subject to precise valuation. Accordingly, there can be no complete assurance that we will be able to comply with the 20% limitation discussed above or avoid application of the 100% excise tax discussed above.

 

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Information

 

This report contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. You can identify forward-looking statements by the use of forward-looking expressions such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “continue,” or any negative or other variations on such expressions. Forward-looking statements include information concerning possible or assumed future results of our operations, including any forecasts, projections, plans and objectives for future operations. Although we believe that our plans, intentions and expectations as reflected in or suggested by those forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that the plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved. We have listed below some important risks, uncertainties and contingencies which could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be

 

30



 

materially different from the forward-looking statements we make in this report. These risks, uncertainties and contingencies include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

      the success or failure of our efforts to implement our current business strategy;

      economic conditions generally and in the commercial finance and commercial real estate markets specifically;

      the performance and financial condition of borrowers and corporate customers;

      the actions of our competitors and our ability to respond to those actions;

      the cost of our capital, which depends in part on our asset quality, the nature of our relationships with our lenders and other capital providers, our business prospects and outlook and general market conditions;

      availability of qualified personnel;

      availability of investment opportunities on real estate related and other securities;

      the adequacy of our cash reserves and working capital;

      unanticipated increases in financing and other costs, including a rise in interest rates;

      the timing of cash flows, if any, from our investments;

      risks of structured finance investments;

      GKK Manager LLC remaining as our Manager;

      environmental and/or safety requirements;

      continuing threats or terrorist attacks on the national, regional and local economies;

      competition with other companies;

      our ability to satisfy complex rules in order for us to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes and qualify for our exemption under the Investment Company Act, our operating partnership’s ability to satisfy the rules in order for it to qualify as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to qualify as REITs, and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to qualify as taxable REIT subsidiaries for federal income tax purposes, and our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to operate effectively within the limitations imposed by these rules;

      changes in governmental regulations, tax rates and similar matters; and

      legislative and regulatory changes (including changes to laws governing the taxation of REITs), and other factors, many of which are beyond our control.

 

We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of future events, new information or otherwise.

 

The risks included here are not exhaustive. Other sections of this report may include additional factors that could adversely affect our business and financial performance. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for management to predict all such risk factors, nor can it assess the impact of all such risk factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results.

 

ITEM 1B.       UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

 

As of December 31, 2005, we did not have any unresolved comments with the Staff of the SEC.

 

ITEM 2.          PROPERTIES

 

Our corporate offices are located in midtown Manhattan at 420 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10170. We can be contacted at (212) 297-1000. We maintain a website at www.gramercycapitalcorp.com.

 

ITEM 3.          LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

As of December 31, 2005, we were not involved in any material litigation nor, to management’s knowledge, is any material litigation threatened against us or our Manager.

 

ITEM 4.          SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

 

No matters were submitted to a vote of our stockholders during the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2005.

 

31



 

PART II

 

ITEM 5.  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

 

Our common stock began trading on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) on August 2, 2004 under the symbol “GKK.” On March 10, 2006, the reported closing sale price per share of common stock on the NYSE was $23.55 and there were approximately 38 holders of record of our common stock. The table below sets forth the quarterly high and low closing sales prices of our common stock on the NYSE since our initial public offering and the distributions paid by us with respect to the periods indicated.

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

Quarter Ended

 

High

 

Low

 

Dividends

 

High

 

Low

 

Dividends

 

March 31

 

$

22.25

 

$

19.23

 

$

0.22

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

June 30

 

$

24.98

 

$

18.64

 

$

0.35

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

September 30

 

$

26.91

 

$

22.47

 

$

0.45

 

$

16.20

 

$

14.00

 

$

0.00

 

December 31

 

$

24.00

 

$

22.41

 

$

0.475

 

$

21.30

 

$

15.20

 

$

0.15

 

 

If dividends are declared in a quarter, those dividends will be paid during the subsequent quarter. We expect to continue our policy of generally distributing 100% of our taxable income through regular cash dividends on a quarterly basis, although there is no assurance as to future dividends because they depend on future earnings, capital requirements and financial condition. See Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Dividends” for additional information regarding our dividends.

 

We declared a quarterly dividend of $0.475 per share, payable on January 17, 2006, for stockholders of record of our common stock on December 30, 2005.

 

The following table summarizes information, as of December 31, 2005, relating to our equity compensation plans pursuant to which shares of our common stock or other equity securities may be granted from time to time.

 

Plan category

 

(a)
Number of securities
to be issued upon
exercise of outstanding
options, warrants and
rights

 

(b)
Weighted average
exercise price of
outstanding
options, warrants
and rights

 

(c)
Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity compensation
plans (excluding
securities reflected in
column (a))

 

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders (1)

 

733,584

 

$

16.47

 

1,077,431

 

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders

 

N/A

 

N/A

 

N/A

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

733,584

 

$

16.47

 

1,077,431

 

 


(1)   Includes information related to our 2004 Equity Incentive Plan.

 

SALE OF UNREGISTERED AND REGISTERED SECURITIES; USE OF PROCEEDS FROM REGISTERED SECURITIES

 

On August 2, 2004, we consummated the initial public offering of our common stock, $0.001 par value per share. The shares of common stock sold in the offering were registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. All 12,500,000 shares of common stock registered under the Registration Statement were sold at a price to the public of $15.00 per share, generating gross proceeds of approximately $187.5 million. We paid underwriting discounts and commissions of $9.8 million in this offering. The net proceeds to us were approximately $172.9 million, which were contributed to the Operating Partnership to make investments in commercial real estate-related loans and securities and for general corporate purposes, including financing and operating expenses and other expenses of our company. All of the shares of common stock were sold by us and there were no selling stockholders in the offering. Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, Banc of America LLC and JMP

 

32



 

Securities LLC acted as our principal underwriters in this offering.

 

On December 3, 2004 we sold 5,500,000 shares of common stock, at a price of $17.27 per share, through a private placement exempt from registration pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act. A total of 4,225,000 shares were sold to various institutional investors and an additional 1,275,000 were sold to SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P., an affiliate of SL Green Realty Corp., pursuant to its contractual right to choose to maintain a 25% ownership interest in the outstanding shares of our common stock. On December 31, 2004, 2,000,000 shares sold in the offering were issued. The remaining 3,500,000 shares were issued on January 3, 2005. The net proceeds from the offering (approximately $93.7 million) were used to fund additional investments, repay borrowings and for general corporate purposes. We did not use an underwriter, however our Manager arranged the transaction and received a fee of $1.0 million.

 

On September 14, 2005 we sold 3,833,333 shares of common stock, at a price of $25.80 per share, under our $350 million shelf registration statement declared effective in August 2005 resulting in net proceeds of approximately $97.8 million. We paid underwriting discounts and commissions of $546 thousand in this offering. A total of 2,875,000 shares were sold through public offering and an additional 958,333 shares were sold to SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. pursuant to its contractual right to choose to maintain a 25% ownership interest in our outstanding shares of common stock. Net proceeds were used for acquisitions, repayment of outstanding principal under one of our repurchase facilities and general corporate purposes. Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC acted as our underwriter in this offering.

 

ITEM 6.  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

The following tables set forth our selected financial data and should be read in conjunction with our Financial Statements and notes thereto included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” and Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this Form 10-K.

 

Operating Data

 

(In thousands, except per share data)

 

For the Year
ended
December 31,
2005

 

For the Period
April 12, 2004
(formation)
through
December 31,
2004

 

Total revenues

 

$

88,085

 

$

7,151

 

Interest expense

 

33,771

 

1,463

 

Management fees

 

9,600

 

1,965

 

Incentive fee

 

2,276

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

672

 

38

 

Marketing, general and administrative

 

6,976

 

1,358

 

Provision for loan loss

 

1,030

 

 

Total expenses

 

54,325

 

4,824

 

Income from continuing operations before equity in net loss of unconsolidated joint ventures and taxes

 

33,760

 

2,327

 

Equity in net loss of unconsolidated joint ventures

 

(1,489

)

 

Income from continuing operations before provision for taxes and GKK formation costs

 

32,271

 

2,327

 

Provision for taxes

 

(900

)

 

GKK formation costs

 

 

(275

)

Net income available to common stockholders

 

$

31,371

 

$

2,052

 

Net income per common share - Basic

 

$

1.57

 

$

0.15

 

Net income per common share - Diluted

 

$

1.51

 

$

0.15

 

Cash dividends declared per common share

 

$

1.495

 

$

0.15

 

Basic weighted average common shares outstanding

 

20,027

 

13,348

 

Diluted weighted average common shares and common share equivalents outstanding

 

20,781

 

13,411

 

 

33



 

Balance Sheet Data

 

 

 

As of December 31

 

(In thousands)

 

2005

 

2004

 

Loans and other lending investments, net

 

$

1,163,745

 

$

395,717

 

Commercial mortgage backed securities, net

 

 

10,898

 

Loans held for sale, net

 

42,000

 

 

Operating real estate, net

 

51,173

 

 

Investment in unconsolidated joint ventures

 

58,040

 

 

Total assets

 

1,469,810

 

514,047

 

Collateralized debt obligations

 

810,500

 

 

Repurchase agreements

 

117,366

 

238,885

 

Mortgage note payable

 

41,000

 

 

Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures held by trusts that issued trust preferred securities

 

100,000

 

 

Total liabilities

 

1,097,406

 

245,088

 

Stockholders’ equity

 

372,404

 

268,959

 

 

Other Data

 

(In thousands)

 

For the year
ended
December 31,
2005

 

For the Period
April 12, 2004
(formation)
through
December 31,
2004

 

Funds from operations (1)

 

$

36,490

 

$

2,052

 

Cash flows provided by operating activities

 

$

2,160

 

$

1,145

 

Cash flows used in investing activities

 

$

(918,930

)

$

(407,056

)

Cash flows provided by financing activities

 

$

948,252

 

$

444,805

 

 


(1) FFO is a widely recognized measure of REIT performance. We compute FFO in accordance with standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, which may not be comparable to FFO reported by other REITs that do not compute FFO in accordance with the NAREIT definition, or that interpret the NAREIT definition differently than we do. The revised White Paper on FFO approved by the Board of Governors of NAREIT in April 2002 defines FFO as net income (loss) (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding gains (or losses) from debt restructuring and sales of properties, plus real estate related depreciation and amortization and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. We present FFO because we consider it an important supplemental measure of our operating performance and believe that it is frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of REITS. We also use FFO as one of several criteria to determine performance-based bonuses for members of our senior management. FFO is intended to exclude GAAP historical cost depreciation and amortization of real estate and related assets, which assumes that the value of real estate assets diminishes ratably over time. Historically, however, real estate values have risen or fallen with market conditions. Because FFO excludes depreciation and amortization unique to real estate, gains and losses from property dispositions and extraordinary items, it provides a performance measure that, when compared year over year, reflects the impact to operations from trends in occupancy rates, rental rates, operating costs, interest costs, providing perspective not immediately apparent from net income. We consider gains and losses on the sales of debt investments to be a normal part of our recurring operations and therefore do not exclude such gains and losses when arriving at FFO. FFO does not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income (determined in accordance with GAAP), as an indication of our financial performance or to cash flow from operating activities (determined in accordance with GAAP) as a measure of our liquidity, nor is it indicative of funds available to fund our cash needs, including our ability to make cash distributions.

 

A reconciliation of FFO to net income computed in accordance with GAAP is provided under the heading of “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Funds From Operations.”

 

34



 

ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

Overview

 

We are a national commercial real estate specialty finance company that specializes in the direct origination and acquisition of whole loans, subordinate interests in whole loans, mezzanine loans, preferred equity, and net lease investments involving commercial properties throughout the United States. When evaluating transactions, we assess our risk-adjusted return and target transactions with yields that ensure an equitable balance between risks and return. We conduct substantially all of our operations through our operating partnership, GKK Capital LP. We are externally managed and advised by GKK Manager LLC, or the Manager, a majority-owned subsidiary of SL Green Realty Corp., or SL Green. We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code and generally will not be subject to federal income taxes to the extent we distribute our income to our stockholders. However, we may establish TRSs to effect various taxable transactions. Those TRSs would incur federal, state and local taxes on the taxable income from their activities. Unless the context requires otherwise, all references to “we,” “our” and “us” mean Gramercy Capital Corp.

 

In each financing transaction we undertake, we seek to control as much of the capital structure as possible in order to be able to identify and retain that portion that provides the best risk adjusted returns. This is generally achieved through the direct origination of whole loans, the ownership of which permits a wide variety of financing syndication and securitization executions to achieve excess returns. By providing a single source of financing for developers and sponsors, we streamline the lending process, provide greater certainty for borrowers and retain the high yield debt instruments that we manufacture. By creating, rather than buying whole loans, subordinate interests in whole loans, mezzanine debt and preferred equity, we strive to deliver superior returns to our shareholders.

 

Since our inception, we have completed transactions in a variety of markets and secured by a variety of property types. Since our inception, the market for commercial real estate debt has continued to demonstrate low rates of default, high relative returns and tremendous inflows of capital. Consequently, the market for debt instruments has evidenced moderately declining yields and more flexible credit standards and loan structures. In particular, “conduit” originators who package whole loans for resale to investors have driven debt yields lower while maintaining substantial liquidity because of the strong demand for the resulting securities. Because of reduced profits in the most liquid sectors of the mortgage finance business, several large institutions have begun originating large bridge loans for the purpose of generating interest income, rather than the typical focus on trading profits. In this environment we have focused on areas where we have comparative advantages rather than competing for product merely on the basis of yield or structure. This has particularly included whole loan origination in markets and transactions where we have an advantage due to (i) knowledge or relationships we have, (ii) knowledge or relationships of our largest shareholder, SL Green, and (iii) where we have an ability to better assess and manage risks over time. When considering investment opportunities in secondary market transactions in tranched debt, we generally avoid first loss risk in larger transactions due to the high current valuation of the underlying real estate relative to historic valuation levels. Because of the significant increase in the value of institutional quality assets relative to historic norms, we typically focus on positions in which a conventional refinancing at loan maturity would provide for a complete return of our investment.

 

Because of the high relative valuation of debt instruments in the current market and a generally increasing rate environment, we have carefully managed our exposure to interest rate changes that could affect our liquidity. We generally match our assets and liabilities in terms of base interest rate (generally 30-day LIBOR) and expected duration. We raised $95.0 million of additional equity in December 2004 and January 2005 to reduce our outstanding indebtedness and maintain sufficient liquidity for our investment portfolio. We sold a total of $100.0 million of trust preferred securities in two $50.0 million issuances in May 2005 and August 2005 through wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Operating Partnership with 30 year terms expiring in June 2035 and October 2035, respectively. The securities issued in May bear interest at a fixed rate of 7.57% for the first ten years ending June 2015 while the securities issued in August bear interest at a fixed rate of 7.75% for the first ten years ending October 2015. After the first ten years, both issuances bear interest at three-month LIBOR plus 300 basis points. The proceeds from the issuances of the trust preferred securities were used to fund existing and future investment opportunities. In July 2005 we closed on $1.0 billion of collateralized debt obligations, or CDO, which extended the term of our liabilities and reduced our overall cost of funds with respect to debt investments financed by the CDO and previously financed by our repurchase agreements, to approximately 49 basis points over LIBOR, excluding transaction costs. The proceeds of the CDO were used to refinance our repurchase facilities and to fund additional investment activities. In September 2005 we sold 3,833,333 shares of common stock resulting in net proceeds of approximately $97.8 million, which was used to fund acquisitions, repay outstanding principal amounts under our repurchase facilities and for general corporate purposes.

 

As of December 31, 2005, we held loans and other lending investments of approximately $1.2 billion net of fees, discounts,

 

35



 

repayments, asset sales and unfunded commitments. At December 31, 2005 we held interests in three credit tenant lease, or CTL, investments totaling $109.2 million comprised of the $51.2 million carrying value of 200 Franklin Square Drive, net of $315 thousand of depreciation, and $58.0 million in joint venture investments.

 

The aggregate carrying values, allocation by product type and weighted average coupons of our loans and other lending investments as of December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 were as follows:

 

 

 

Carrying Value (1)
($ in thousands)

 

Allocation by
Investment Type

 

Fixed Rate:
Average Yield

 

Floating Rate:
Average Spread over
LIBOR (2)

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2005

 

2004

 

2005

 

2004

 

2005

 

2004

 

Whole loans, floating rate

 

$

561,388

 

$

155,215

 

46

%

38

%

 

 

325

bps

373

bps

Whole loans, fixed rate

 

94,448

 

 

8

%

 

10.64

%

 

 

 

Subordinate interests in whole loans, floating rate

 

362,983

 

209,286

 

30

%

51

%

 

 

443

bps

640

bps

Subordinate interests in whole loans, fixed rate

 

37,104

 

31,216

 

3

%

8

%

9.19

%

9.57

%

 

 

Mezzanine loans, floating rate

 

82,793

 

 

7

%

 

 

 

858

bps

 

Mezzanine loans, fixed rate

 

43,352

 

 

4

%

 

8.88

%

 

 

 

Preferred equity, floating rate

 

11,795

 

 

1

%

 

 

 

900

bps

 

Preferred equity, fixed rate

 

11,882

 

 

1

%

 

10.28

%

 

 

 

Commercial mortgage backed securities

 

 

10,898

 

 

3

%

 

13.49

%

 

 

Total / Average

 

$

1,205,745

 

$

406,615

 

100

%

100

%

9.92

%

10.58

%

417

bps

526

bps

 


(1)   Debt investments are presented after scheduled amortization payments and prepayments, and are net of unamortized fees, discounts, asset sales and unfunded commitments.

 

(2)   Spreads over an index other than LIBOR have been adjusted to a LIBOR based equivalent.

 

The following discussion related to our consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with financial statements appearing in Item 8 of the Annual Report on Form 10K.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

Our discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, known as GAAP. These accounting principles require us to make some complex and subjective decisions and assessments. Our most critical accounting policies involve decisions and assessments, which could significantly affect our reported assets, liabilities and contingencies, as well as our reported revenues and expenses. We believe that all of the decisions and assessments upon which our financial statements are based were reasonable at the time made based upon information available to us at that time. We evaluate these decisions and assessments on an ongoing basis. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We have identified our most critical accounting policies to be the following:

 

Loans and Investments and Loans Held for Sale

 

Loans held for investment are intended to be held to maturity and, accordingly, are carried at cost, net of unamortized loan origination costs and fees, discounts, repayments, sales of partial interests in loans, and unfunded commitments unless such loan or investment is deemed to be impaired. Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or market value using available market information obtained through consultation with dealers or other originators of such investments. We may originate or acquire preferred equity interests that allow us to participate in a percentage of the underlying property’s cash flows from operations and proceeds from a sale or refinancing. Should we make such a preferred equity investment, we must determine whether that investment should be accounted for as a loan, joint venture or as an interest in real estate. Our current preferred equity investments do not entitle us to a percentage of the underlying properties’ cash flows from operations or proceeds from a sale or refinancing and are, therefore, accounted for as loans.

 

Specific valuation allowances are established for impaired loans based on the fair value of collateral on an individual loan basis. The fair value of the collateral is determined by selecting the most appropriate valuation methodology, or methodologies, among several generally available and accepted in the commercial real estate industry. The determination of the most appropriate valuation methodology is based on the key characteristics of the collateral type. These methodologies include the evaluation of operating cash flow from the property during the projected holding period, and the estimated sales value of the collateral computed by applying an

 

36



 

expected capitalization rate to the stabilized net operating income of the specific property, less selling costs, all of which are discounted at market discount rates.

 

If upon completion of the valuation, the fair value of the underlying collateral securing the impaired loan is less than the net carrying value of the loan, an allowance is created with a corresponding charge to the provision for loan losses. The allowance for each loan is maintained at a level we believe is adequate to absorb probable losses. At December 31, 2005 we maintained a reserve of $1.0 million.

 

Our Manager evaluates our assets on a regular basis to determine if they continue to satisfy our investment criteria. Subject to certain restrictions, our Manager may cause us to sell our investments opportunistically and use the proceeds of any such sale for debt reduction, additional acquisitions or working capital purposes.

 

Classifications of Mortgage-Backed Securities

 

MBS are classified as available-for-sale securities. As a result, changes in fair value will be recorded as a balance sheet adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income, which is a component of stockholders equity, rather than through our statement of operations. If available-for-sale securities were classified as trading securities, there could be substantially greater volatility in earnings from period-to-period as these investments would be marked to market and any reduction in the value of the securities versus the previous carrying value would be considered an expense on our statement of operations. We had no investments as of December 31, 2005 that were accounted for as trading securities.

 

Valuations of Mortgage-Backed Securities

 

All MBS are carried on the balance sheet at fair value. We determine the fair value of MBS based on the types of securities in which we have invested. For liquid, investment-grade securities, we consult with dealers of such securities to periodically obtain updated market pricing for the same or similar instruments. For non-investment grade securities, we actively monitor the performance of the underlying properties and loans and update our pricing model to reflect changes in projected cash flows. The value of the securities is derived by applying discount rates to such cash flows based on current market yields. The yields employed are obtained from our own experience in the market, advice from dealers and/or information obtained in consultation with other investors in similar instruments. Because fair value estimates may vary to some degree, we must make certain judgments and assumptions about the appropriate price to use to calculate the fair values for financial reporting purposes. Different judgments and assumptions could result in different presentations of value.

 

When the fair value of an available-for-sale security is less than the amortized cost, we consider whether there is an other-than-temporary impairment in the value of the security (for example, whether the security will be sold prior to the recovery of fair value). If, in our judgment, an other-than-temporary impairment exists, the cost basis of the security is written down to the then-current fair value, and this loss is realized and charged against earnings. The determination of other-than temporary impairment is a subjective process, and different judgments and assumptions could affect the timing of loss realization.

 

Credit Tenant Lease Investments

 

Credit tenant lease, or CTL, investments are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Costs directly related to the acquisition of such investments are capitalized. Certain improvements are capitalized when they are determined to increase the useful life of the building. Capitalized items are depreciated using the straight-line method over the shorter of the useful lives of the capitalized item or 40 years for buildings or facilities, the remaining life of the facility for facility improvements, four to seven years for personal property and equipment, and the shorter of the remaining lease term or the expected life for tenant improvements.

 

Results of operations of properties acquired are included in the Statement of Operations from the date of acquisition.

 

In accordance with FASB No. 144, or SFAS 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” a property to be disposed of is reported at the lower of its carrying amount or its estimated fair value, less its cost to sell. Once an asset is held for sale, depreciation expense and straight-line rent adjustments are no longer recorded and historic results are reclassified as Discontinued Operations.

 

In accordance with FASB No. 141, or SFAS 141, “Business Combinations,” we allocate the purchase price of real estate to land and building and, if determined to be material, intangibles, such as the value of above-market, below-market and at-market leases and origination costs associated with the in-place leases.  We depreciate the amount allocated to building and other intangible assets over their estimated useful lives, which generally range from three to 40 years.  The values of the above-market and below-market leases are amortized and recorded as either an increase (in the case of below-market leases) or a decrease (in the case of above-market leases) to

 

37



 

rental income over the remaining term of the associated lease.  The value associated with in-place leases and tenant relationships are amortized over the expected term of the relationship, which includes an estimated probability of the lease renewal, and its estimated term.  If a tenant vacates its space prior to the contractual termination of the lease and no rental payments are being made on the lease, any unamortized balance of the related intangible will be written off.  The tenant improvements and origination costs are amortized as an expense over the remaining life of the lease (or charged against earnings if the lease is terminated prior to its contractual expiration date).  We assess fair value of the leases based on estimated cash flow projections that utilize appropriate discount and capitalization rates and available market information.  Estimates of future cash flows are based on a number of factors including the historical operating results, known trends, and market/economic conditions that may affect the property.

 

As a result of our evaluation under SFAS No. 141 of our acquisition of 200 Franklin Square Drive, we recorded a liability of $872 thousand representing the net value of the acquired below-market lease and assumed lease origination costs. We recognized a decrease of approximately $22 thousand in rental revenue for the year ended December 31, 2005 for the amortization of the below-market lease and lease origination costs including leasing commissions and tenant improvement costs that would be borne by us, resulting from the reallocation of the purchase price of the property.

 

At December 31, 2005 we held interests in three CTL investments totaling $109.2 million comprised of the $51.2 million carrying value of 200 Franklin Square Drive, net of $315 thousand of depreciation, and $58.0 million in joint venture investments.

 

Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures

 

We account for our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures under the equity method of accounting since we exercise significant influence, but do not unilaterally control, the entities and are not considered to be the primary beneficiary under FASB Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” or FIN 46. In the joint ventures, the rights of the other investor are protective and participating. Unless we are determined to be the primary beneficiary, these rights preclude us from consolidating the investments.  The investments are recorded initially at cost as an investment in unconsolidated joint ventures, and subsequently are adjusted for equity in net income (loss) and cash contributions and distributions.  Any difference between the carrying amount of the investments on our balance sheet and the underlying equity in net assets is amortized as an adjustment to equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated joint ventures over the lesser of the joint venture term or 40 years.  None of the joint venture debt is recourse to us.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Interest income on debt investments is recognized over the life of the investment using the effective interest method and recognized on the accrual basis. Fees received in connection with loan commitments are deferred until the loan is funded and are then recognized over the term of the loan as an adjustment to yield. Anticipated exit fees, whose collection is expected, are also recognized over the term of the loan as an adjustment to yield. Fees on commitments that expire unused are recognized at expiration. Fees received in exchange for the credit enhancement of another lender, either subordinate or senior to us, in the form of a guarantee are recognized over the term of that guarantee using the straight-line method.

 

Income recognition is generally suspended for debt investments at the earlier of the date at which payments become 90 days past due or when, in our opinion, a full recovery of income and principal becomes doubtful. Income recognition is resumed when the loan becomes contractually current and performance is demonstrated to be resumed.

 

In some instances we may sell all or a portion of our investments to a third party. To the extent the fair value received for an investment exceeds the amortized cost of that investment and FASB Statement No. 140, or SFAS 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities,” criteria is met, under which control of the asset that is sold is surrendered making it a “true sale,” a gain on the sale will be recorded through earnings as other income. To the extent an investment that is sold has a discount or fees, which were deferred at the time the investment was made and were being recognized over the term of the investment, the unamortized portion of the discount or fees are recognized at the time of sale and recorded as a gain on the sale of the investment through other income. We recognized $10.5 million in gains from the sale of debt investments, of which $1.8 million represents the recognition of unamortized discounts or fees at the time of sale, for the year ended December 31, 2005.

 

Rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. The excess of rents recognized over amounts contractually due pursuant to the underlying leases is included in other assets on the accompanying balance sheets. We may establish, on a current basis, an allowance against this account for future potential tenant credit losses which may occur. The balance reflected on the balance sheet will be net of such allowance.

 

38



 

In addition to base rent, the tenants in our CTL investments also pay all operating costs of owned property including real estate taxes.

 

Reserve for Possible Credit Losses

 

The expense for possible credit losses in connection with debt investments is the charge to earnings to increase the allowance for possible credit losses to the level that management estimates to be adequate considering delinquencies, loss experience and collateral quality. Other factors considered relate to geographic trends and project diversification, the size of the portfolio and current economic conditions. Based upon these factors, we may establish the provision for possible credit losses by individual asset or category of asset. When it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts contractually due, the account is considered impaired.

 

Where impairment is indicated, a valuation write-down or write-off is measured based upon the excess of the recorded investment amount over the net fair value of the collateral, as reduced by selling costs. Any deficiency between the carrying amount of an asset and the net sales price of foreclosed collateral is charged to the allowance for credit losses. At December 31, 2005 we maintained a reserve for possible credit losses of $1.0 million against investments with a carrying value of $68.3 million.

 

Stock Based Compensation Plans

 

We have a stock-based compensation plan, described more fully in Note 13. We account for this plan using the fair value recognition provisions of FASB Statement No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” or SFAS 123.

 

The Black-Scholes option-pricing model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options, which have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility. Because our plan has characteristics significantly different from those of traded options and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in our opinion, the existing models do not necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of our stock options.

 

Compensation cost for stock options, if any, is recognized ratably over the vesting period of the award. Our policy is to grant options with an exercise price equal to the quoted closing market price of our stock on the business day preceding the grant date. Awards of stock or restricted stock are expensed as compensation on a current basis over the benefit period.

 

The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of grant, and quarterly for options issued to non-employees, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions for grants in 2005 and 2004.

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

Dividend yield

 

8.4

%

10.0

%

Expected life of option

 

6.9 years

 

7 years

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

4.16

%

4.10

%

Expected stock price volatility

 

19.1

%

18.0

%

 

Incentive Distribution (Class B Limited Partner Interest)

 

The Class B limited partner interests are entitled to receive an incentive return equal to 25% of the amount by which funds from operations (as defined in the partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership) plus certain accounting gains exceed the product of our weighted average stockholders equity (as defined in the partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership) multiplied by 9.5% (divided by 4 to adjust for quarterly calculations). We will record any distributions on the Class B limited partner interests as an incentive distribution expense in the period when earned and when payment of such amounts has become probable and reasonably estimable in accordance with the partnership agreement. These cash distributions will reduce the amount of cash available for distribution to our common unitholders in our Operating Partnership and to common stockholders. We incurred approximately $2.3 million with respect to such Class B limited partner interests for the year ended December 31, 2005 and $0 in 2004.

 

Derivative Instruments

 

In the normal course of business, we use a variety of derivative instruments to manage, or hedge, interest rate risk. We require that hedging derivative instruments be effective in reducing the interest rate risk exposure that they are designated to hedge. This effectiveness is essential for qualifying for hedge accounting. Some derivative instruments are associated with an anticipated transaction. In those cases, hedge effectiveness criteria also require that it be probable that the underlying transaction occurs. Instruments that meet these hedging criteria are formally designated as hedges at the inception of the derivative contract.

 

39



 

To determine the fair value of derivative instruments, we use a variety of methods and assumptions that are based on market conditions and risks existing at each balance sheet date. For the majority of financial instruments including most derivatives, long-term investments and long-term debt, standard market conventions and techniques such as discounted cash flow analysis, option-pricing models, replacement cost, and termination cost are used to determine fair value. All methods of assessing fair value result in a general approximation of value, and such value may never actually be realized.

 

In the normal course of business, we are exposed to the effect of interest rate changes and limit these risks by following established risk management policies and procedures including the use of derivatives. To address exposure to interest rates, we use derivatives primarily to hedge the mark-to-market risk of our liabilities with respect to certain of our assets.

 

We use a variety of commonly used derivative products that are considered plain vanilla derivatives. These derivatives typically include interest rate swaps, caps, collars and floors. We also use total rate of return swaps, or TROR swaps, which are tied to the Lehman Brothers CMBS index. We expressly prohibit the use of unconventional derivative instruments and using derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Further, we have a policy of only entering into contracts with major financial institutions based upon their credit ratings and other factors.

 

FASB No. 133, or SFAS 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” as amended by FASB No. 149, requires us to recognize all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. Derivatives that are not hedges must be adjusted to fair value through income. If a derivative is a hedge, depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative will either be offset against the change in fair value of the hedged asset, liability, or firm commitment through earnings, or recognized in other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative’s change in fair value will be immediately recognized in earnings. SFAS 133 may increase or decrease reported net income and stockholders’ equity prospectively, depending on future levels of LIBOR, swap spreads and other variables affecting the fair values of derivative instruments and hedged items, but will have no effect on cash flows, provided the contract is carried through to full term.

 

We may employ swaps, forwards or purchased options to hedge qualifying forecasted transactions. Gains and losses related to these transactions are deferred and recognized in net income as interest expense in the same period or periods that the underlying transaction occurs, expires or is otherwise terminated.

 

All hedges held by us are deemed to be highly effective in meeting the hedging objectives established by our corporate policy governing interest rate risk management.

 

Income Taxes

 

We elected to be taxed as a REIT, under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code, beginning with our taxable year ending December 31, 2004. To qualify as a REIT, we must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90% of our ordinary taxable income to stockholders. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income tax on taxable income that we distribute to our stockholders. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will then be subject to federal income taxes on our taxable income at regular corporate rates and we will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for four years following the year during which qualification is lost unless the Internal Revenue Service grants us relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could materially adversely affect our net income and net cash available for distributions to stockholders. However, we believe that we will be organized and operate in such a manner as to qualify for treatment as a REIT and we intend to operate in the foreseeable future in such a manner so that we will qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. We may, however, be subject to certain state and local taxes.

 

Our wholly-owned TRSs are subject to federal, state and local taxes.

 

40



 

Results of Operations (Amounts in thousands)

 

Comparison of the year ended December 31, 2005 to the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004

 

Revenues

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

$ Change

 

Investment income

 

$

73,302

 

$

6,841

 

$

66,461

 

Rental revenue, net

 

1,219

 

 

1,219

 

Gain on sales and other income

 

13,564

 

310

 

13,254

 

Total revenues

 

$

88,085

 

$

7,151

 

$

80,934

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity in net loss of unconsolidated joint ventures

 

$

 (1,489

)

$

 

$

(1,489

)

 

Investment income is generated on our whole and bridge loans, subordinate interests in whole loans, mezzanine loans, preferred equity interests and CMBS investments. For the year ended December 31, 2005 $10,701 was earned on fixed rate investments while the remaining $62,601 was earned on floating rate investments. The increase over the prior year is due to a significantly higher number of investments in 2005 versus 2004 and the effect of a full twelve months of operations in 2005.

 

Rental revenue of $1,219 in 2005 was earned on 200 Franklin Square Drive, which was acquired in September 2005. This amount includes the effect of adjustments for straight-line rent and FASB 141 adjustments for below-market leases. We did not hold any real estate investments during 2004.

 

Other income of $13,564 for the year ended December 31, 2005 is comprised primarily of income recorded on the sale of fixed and floating rate debt investments of $10,474, including $1,849 attributable to the recognition of unamortized discounts and fees on the investments sold and interest on restricted cash balances in the CDO (which was not in place in 2004) of approximately $2,274. For the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004, other income of $310 was comprised only of interest income on cash balances.

 

The loss on investments in unconsolidated joint ventures of $1,489 in 2005 represents our proportionate share of the losses generated by our joint venture interests including $4,804 of real estate related depreciation and amortization, which when added back, results in a contribution to FFO of $3,315. We did not maintain any joint venture investments during 2004. Our use of FFO as an important financial measure is discussed in more detail in Item 6.

 

Expenses

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

$ Change

 

Interest expense

 

$

33,771

 

$

1,463

 

$

32,308

 

Management fees

 

9,600

 

1,965

 

7,635

 

Incentive fee

 

2,276

 

 

2,276

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

672

 

38

 

634

 

Marketing, general and administrative

 

6,976

 

1,358

 

5,618

 

Provision for loan loss

 

1,030

 

 

1,030

 

Provision for taxes

 

900

 

 

900

 

GKK formation costs

 

 

275

 

(275

)

Total expenses

 

$

55,225

 

$

5,099

 

$

50,126

 

 

Interest expense was $33,771 for the year ended December 31, 2005 versus $1,463 for the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004. Interest expense in 2005 consists primarily of $17,429 of interest on the investment grade tranches of our CDO, that was not in place in 2004, $11,756 of interest on borrowings on our master repurchase facilities with Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC, or Wachovia, and Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, or Goldman Sachs, and $3,838 of expense accrued against our two $50,000 issuances of trust preferred securities. The $1,463 of interest expense in 2004 was comprised primarily of interest on borrowings on the master repurchase facility with Wachovia and the amortization of deferred financing costs.

 

Management fees increased $7,635 for the year ended December 31, 2005 versus the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004 due primarily to an increase in our stockholder’s equity, the issuance of trust preferred securities and a full twelve months of operations in 2005. The remaining increase is comprised of $944 payable to the Manager under the CDO collateral management agreement, in lieu of the 0.15% fee otherwise payable to SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. on investments in the CDO under the asset servicing agreement, and higher fees paid or payable to SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. of $745 and $942 under our outsourcing and servicing agreements, respectively, due to a full twelve months of operations in 2005 and a

 

41



 

larger asset base on which to calculate the servicing fee. These fees and the relationship between us, the Manager and SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. are discussed further in “Related Party Transactions.”

 

We recorded an incentive fee expense of $2,276 during the twelve months ended December 31, 2005 in accordance with requirements of the partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership which entitles owners of Class B limited partner interests in the Operating Partnership to an incentive return equal to 25% of the amount by which funds from operations (as defined in the partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership) plus certain accounting gains exceed the product of our weighted average stockholders equity (as defined in the partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership) multiplied by 9.5% (divided by 4 to adjust for quarterly calculations). This threshold was not reached during 2004 and, consequently, no expense was recorded. This fee and the relationship between us, the Manager and SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. are discussed further in “Related Party Transactions.”

 

The increase in marketing, general and administrative expenses of $5,618 for the year ended December 31, 2005 versus the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004 reflects a full twelve months of operations in 2005 and a corresponding increase in professional fees, stock-based compensation, insurance and general overhead costs.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Liquidity is a measurement of the ability to meet cash requirements, including ongoing commitments to repay borrowings, fund and maintain loans and investments, pay dividends and other general business needs. Our principal sources of working capital and funds for additional investments primarily include: 1) cash flow from operations; 2) borrowings under our repurchase and credit facilities; 3) our CDO; 4) other forms of financing or additional securitizations including CMBS or subsequent CDO offerings; 5) proceeds from common or preferred equity offerings; 6) issuances of trust preferred securities and, to a lesser extent, 7) the proceeds from principal payments on our investments, and 8) the sale or syndication of certain of our debt investments. We believe these sources of financing will be sufficient to meet our short-term liquidity needs.

 

Our ability to meet our long-term liquidity and capital resource requirements will be subject to obtaining additional debt financing and equity capital. Our inability to renew, replace or expand our sources of financing on substantially similar terms, may have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations. In addition, an event of default is triggered under our repurchase facility with Wachovia if the management agreement with GKK Manager LLC is terminated. Depending on market conditions, our debt financing will generally be in the range of 70% to 80% of the carrying value of our total assets. Any indebtedness we incur will likely be subject to continuing covenants and we will likely be required to make continuing representations and warranties in connection with such debt. Our debt financing terms may require us to keep uninvested cash on hand, or to maintain a certain portion of our assets free of liens, each of which could serve to limit our borrowing ability. Moreover, our debt may be secured by our assets. If we default in the payment of interest or principal on any such debt, breach any representation or warranty in connection with any borrowing or violate any covenant in any loan document, our lender may accelerate the maturity of such debt requiring us to immediately repay all outstanding principal. If we are unable to make such payment, our lender could foreclose on our assets that are pledged as collateral to such lender. The lender could also sue us or force us into bankruptcy. Any such event would have a material adverse effect on our liquidity and the value of our common stock. In addition, posting additional collateral to support our credit and repurchase facilities will reduce our liquidity and limit our ability to leverage our assets.

 

To maintain our status as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, we must distribute annually at least 90% of our taxable income. These distribution requirements limit our ability to retain earnings and thereby replenish or increase capital for operations. However, we believe that our significant capital resources and access to financing will provide us with financial flexibility at levels sufficient to meet current and anticipated capital requirements, including funding new lending and investment opportunities.

 

Cash Flows (Amounts in thousands)

 

2005 Compared to 2004

 

Net cash provided by operating activities increased $1,015 to $2,160 for the year ended December 31, 2005 compared to $1,145 for the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004.  Operating cash flow was generated primarily by interest income on our whole and bridge loans, subordinate interests in whole loans, mezzanine loans, preferred equity interests and CMBS investments and gains on loan sales. Cash flow from a higher number of investments in 2005 versus 2004 and the effect of a full twelve months of operations in 2005 was offset primarily by a $42,000 net use of cash related to the origination of investments held for sale at December 31, 2005.

 

Net cash used in investing activities increased $511,874 to $918,930 for the year ended December 31, 2005 compared to $407,056 used during the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004.  The primary reason for the increase is a full

 

42



 

twelve months of operations in 2005, during which we invested $1,030,149 in new debt investments and $110,145 in new real estate investments, including joint ventures, offset by $273,897 of principal collections on our debt investments. This compares to $407,603 invested during the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004 in new debt investments, offset by $736 of principal repayments on debt investments.

 

Net cash provided by financing activities increased $503,447 to $948,252 for the year ended December 31, 2005 compared to $444,805 provided during the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004.  The increase was due primarily to proceeds of $100,000 from the sale of trust preferred securities in May and August 2005, proceeds of $810,500 from the issuance the CDO in July 2005 and $41,000 in new mortgage debt on 200 Franklin Square Drive, offset by a reduction in borrowings on our repurchase facilities of $360,405 and reduced proceeds from the issuance of common stock of $48,761.

 

Capitalization

 

Our authorized capital stock consists of 125,000,000 shares, $0.001 par value, of which we have authorized the issuance of up to 100,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, and 25,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share.

 

As of the date of our formation, April 12, 2004, we had 500,000 shares of common stock outstanding valued at approximately $200,000. On August 2, 2004 we completed our initial public offering of 12,500,000 shares of common stock resulting in net proceeds of approximately $172.9 million, which was used to fund investments and commence our operations. As of December 31, 2005, 338,000 restricted shares had also been issued under our 2004 Equity Incentive Plan, or the Equity Incentive Plan. These shares have a vesting period of three to four years and are not entitled to receive distributions declared by us on our common stock until such time as the shares have vested, or the shares have been designated to receive dividends by the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors.

 

On December 3, 2004 we sold 5,500,000 shares of common stock resulting in net proceeds of approximately $93.7 million under a private placement exemption from the registration requirements of Section 5 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. A total of 4,225,000 shares were sold to various institutional investors and an additional 1,275,000 shares were sold to SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. pursuant to its contractual right to choose to maintain a 25% ownership interest in the outstanding shares of our common stock. Of the 5,500,000 shares sold, 2,000,000 shares were settled on December 31, 2004 and the remaining 3,500,000 shares were settled on January 3, 2005. The value of the shares settled on January 3, 2005 were reflected as a stock subscription receivable for financial statement purposes as of December 31, 2004.

 

On September 14, 2005 we sold 3,833,333 shares of common stock resulting in net proceeds of approximately $97.8 million. A total of 2,875,000 shares were sold through public offering and an additional 958,333 shares were sold to SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. pursuant to its contractual right to choose to maintain a 25% ownership interest in our outstanding shares of common stock. After this offering, SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. owned 5,668,333 shares of our common stock. Net proceeds were used for acquisitions, repayment of outstanding principal under one of our repurchase facilities and general corporate purposes.

 

In August 2005 our $350 million shelf registration statement was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC.  This registration statement provides us with the ability to issue common and preferred stock, depository shares and warrants.  We currently have $251.1 million available under the shelf.

 

As of December 31, 2005, 22,802,642 shares of common stock and no shares of preferred stock were issued and outstanding.

 

Outperformance Plan

 

In June 2005, the compensation committee of our board of directors approved a long-term incentive compensation program, the 2005 Outperformance Plan. Participants in the 2005 Outperformance Plan, all of whom are co-leased employees, will share in a “performance pool” if our total return to stockholders for the period from June 1, 2005 through May 31, 2008 exceeds a cumulative total return to stockholders of 30% during the measurement period over a base share price of $20.21 per share. The size of the pool will be 10% of the outperformance amount in excess of the 30% benchmark, subject to a maximum limit equal to the lesser of 4% of our outstanding shares and units of limited partnership interest as of the end of the performance period or 1,200,000 shares. If our total return to stockholders from June 1, 2005 to any subsequent date exceeds 80% and remains at that level or higher for 30 consecutive days, then a minimum performance pool will be established. In the event the potential performance pool reaches the maximum dilution cap before May 31, 2008 and remains at that level or higher for 30 consecutive days, the performance period will end early and the pool will be formed on the last day of such 30 day period. Each participant’s award under the 2005 Outperformance

 

43



 

Plan is designated as a specified percentage of the aggregate performance pool to be allocated to such participant assuming the 30% benchmark is achieved. Individual awards under the 2005 Outperformance Plan will be made in the form of partnership units, or LTIP Units, that may ultimately become exchangeable for shares of our common stock or cash, at our election. LTIP Units will be granted prior to the determination of the performance pool; however, they will only vest upon satisfaction of performance and other thresholds, and will not be entitled to distributions until after the performance pool, or minimum performance pool, is established. The 2005 Outperformance Plan provides that if a pool is established, each participant will also be entitled to the distributions that would have been paid on the number of LTIP Units earned, had they been issued at the beginning of the performance period. Those distributions will be paid in the form of additional LTIP Units. Once a performance pool has been established, the earned LTIP Units will receive regular quarterly distributions on a per unit basis equal to the dividends per share paid on our common stock, whether or not they are vested. Any LTIP Units that are not earned upon the establishment of the performance pool will be automatically forfeited, and the LTIP Units that are earned will be subject to time-based vesting, with 50% of the LTIP Units earned vesting in May 2009 and the balance vesting one year later based on continued employment with the Manager or SL Green.   We will record the expense of the restricted stock award in accordance with FASB Statement No. 123, or SFAS 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.”  Compensation expense of $1.2 million was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2005 related to the 2005 Outperformance Plan.

 

Deferred Stock Compensation Plan for Directors

 

Under our Independent Director’s Deferral Program, which commenced April 2005, our independent directors may elect to defer up to 100% of their annual retainer fee, chairman fees and meeting fees.  Unless otherwise elected by a participant, fees deferred under the program shall be credited in the form of phantom stock units.  The phantom stock units are convertible into an equal number of shares of common stock upon such directors’ termination of service from the Board of Directors or a change in control by us, as defined by the program.  Phantom stock units are credited to each independent director quarterly using the closing price of our common stock on the applicable dividend record date for the respective quarter.  Each participating independent director who elects to receive fees in the form of phantom stock units has the option to have their account credited for an equivalent amount of phantom stock units based on the dividend rate for each quarter or have dividends paid in cash.

 

As of December 31, 2005 there were approximately 2,228 phantom stock units outstanding.

 

Market Capitalization

 

At December 31, 2005, our CDO and borrowings under our repurchase facilities, revolving credit facility and mortgage loans (excluding our share of joint venture debt of $335.5 million) represented 65% of our consolidated market capitalization of $1.5 billion (based on a common stock price of $22.78 per share, the closing price of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on December 31, 2005). Market capitalization includes our consolidated debt and common stock.

 

Indebtedness

 

The table below summarizes borrowings under our Wachovia and Goldman repurchase facilities and any consolidated mortgage debt or term loans at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively (amounts in thousands).

 

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

Debt Summary:

 

 

 

 

 

Balance:

 

 

 

 

 

Fixed rate

 

$

41,000

 

$

 

Variable rate

 

117,366

 

238,885

 

Total

 

$

158,366

 

$

238,885

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Effective interest rate for the period:

 

 

 

 

 

Fixed rate

 

4.90

%

 

Variable rate

 

LIBOR + 1.59

%

LIBOR + 1.99

%

 

Repurchase Facilities

 

We have two repurchase facilities with an aggregate of $700 million of total debt capacity. In August 2004 we closed on a $250 million repurchase facility with Wachovia. This facility was then increased to $350 million on January 3, 2005 and subsequently increased to $500 million on April 22, 2005. As part of the April 2005 increase to $500 million, the initial term of this facility was modified to reflect a staggered term in which $250 million matures in August 2007, $150 million matures in December 2007 and the remaining $100 million matures in June 2008. Also in conjunction with the April 2005 upsize, the $50 million repurchase facility we previously maintained with Wachovia was consolidated into the $500 million repurchase facility. The $500 million facility bears interest at spreads of 1.15% to 3.50% over 30-day LIBOR and, based on our investment activities, provides for advance rate that vary from 60% to 100% based upon the collateral provided under a borrowing base calculation. The lender has a consent right with respect

 

44



 

to the inclusion of investments in this facility, determines periodically the market value of the investments, and has the right to require additional collateral if the estimated market value of the included investments declines. We had outstanding borrowings under this facility of $67.7 million at a weighted average spread to LIBOR of 1.50% and $238.9 million at a weighted average spread to LIBOR of 1.99% at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. We can utilize the $25 million revolving credit facility described below to fund requirements for additional collateral pursuant to the repurchase facility or to fund the acquisition of assets.

 

On January 3, 2005 we closed an additional repurchase facility of $200 million with Goldman Sachs. This facility has an initial term of three years expiring in January 2008 with one six-month extension option. This facility bears interest at spreads of 1.00% to 2.75% over a 30-day LIBOR and, based on our investment activities, provides for advance rates that vary from 40% to 85% based upon the collateral provided under a borrowing base calculation. As with the Wachovia repurchase facility, the lender has a consent right to the inclusion of investments in this facility, determines periodically the market value of the investments, and has the right to require additional collateral if the estimated market value of the included investments declines. At December 31, 2005 we had outstanding borrowings under this facility of $49.6 million at a weighted average spread to LIBOR of 1.71%.

 

The repurchase facilities require that we pay down borrowings under these facilities as principal payments on the loans and investments pledged to these facilities are received. Assets pledged as collateral under these facilities may include stabilized and transitional whole loans, subordinate interests in whole loans, mezzanine loans, and rated CMBS or commercial real estate CDO securities originated or acquired by us.

 

In certain circumstances, we have purchased debt investments from a counterparty and subsequently financed the acquisition of those debt investments through repurchase agreements with the same counterparty. We currently record the acquisition of the debt investments as assets and the related repurchase agreements as financing liabilities gross on the consolidated balance sheets. Interest income earned on the debt investments and interest expense incurred on the repurchase obligations are reported gross on the consolidated income statements. However, under a certain technical interpretation of FAS 140, such transactions may not qualify as a purchase by us. We believe, and it is industry practice, that we are accounting for these transactions in an appropriate manner.  However, the result of this technical interpretation would prevent us from presenting the debt investments and repurchase agreements and the related interest income and interest expense on a gross basis on our financial statements. Instead, we would present the net investment in these transactions with the counterparty and a derivative with the corresponding change in fair value of the derivative being recorded through earnings. The value of the derivative would reflect changes in the value of the underlying debt investments and changes in the value of the underlying credit provided by the counterparty.

 

Credit Facility

 

We have one $25 million credit facility with Wachovia with a term of two years. Amounts drawn under this facility for liquidity purposes bear interest at a spread over LIBOR of 525 basis points. Amounts drawn under this facility for acquisition purposes bear interest at a spread over LIBOR of 225 basis points. Amounts drawn under this facility for liquidity purposes must be repaid within 105 days. Amounts drawn under this facility generally will be secured by assets established under a borrowing base calculation unless certain financial covenants are satisfied. These covenants are generally more restrictive than those set forth below. We had no borrowings under this facility at December 31, 2005 and 2004.

 

The credit facility requires that we pay down borrowings under this facility as principal payments on our loans and investments pledged to this facility are received.

 

Restrictive Covenants

 

The terms of both of our repurchase facilities and our credit facility include covenants that (a) limit our maximum total indebtedness to no more than 85% of our total assets, (b) require us to maintain minimum liquidity of at least $10 million for the first two years and $15 million thereafter, (c) our fixed charge coverage ratio shall at no time be less than 1.50 to 1.00, (d) our minimum interest coverage ratio shall at no time be less than 1.75 to 1.00, (e) require us to maintain minimum tangible net worth of not less than the greater of (i) $129.75 million, or (i) plus (ii) 75% of the proceeds of our subsequent equity issuances and (f) restrict the maximum amount of our total indebtedness. The covenants also restrict us from making distributions in excess of a maximum of 103% of our funds from operations (as defined by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT) through July 2005 and 100% thereafter, except that we may in any case pay distributions necessary to maintain our REIT status. Under our facility with Wachovia, an event of default will be triggered if GKK Manager LLC ceases to be the Manager. As of December 31, 2005, we were in compliance with all such covenants.

 

45



 

Mortgage Loan

 

We have one consolidated interest-only mortgage loan of $41.0 million that bears interest at a fixed rate of 4.90% and has a term of ten years, resulting in a balloon payment in 2015. This mortgage was used to finance our acquisition of 200 Franklin Square Drive for approximately $50.3 million, excluding closing costs, in September 2005.

 

Collateralized Debt Obligations

 

On July 14, 2005, we issued approximately $1.0 billion of collateralized debt obligations through two newly-formed indirect subsidiaries, Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2005-1 Ltd., or the Issuer, and Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2005-1 LLC, or the Co-Issuer. The CDO consists of $810.5 million of investment grade notes, and $84.5 million of non-investment grade notes, which were co-issued by the Issuer and the Co-Issuer, and $105.0 million of preferred shares, which were issued by the Issuer. We retained all non-investment grade securities, the preferred shares and the common shares in the Issuer. The Issuer holds assets, consisting primarily of whole loans, subordinate interests in whole loans, mezzanine loans and preferred equity investments, which serve as collateral for the CDO. The investment grade notes were issued with floating rate coupons with a combined weighted average rate of three-month LIBOR plus 0.49%. The CDO may be replenished, pursuant to certain rating agency guidelines relating to credit quality and diversification, with substitute collateral for loans that are repaid during the first five years of the CDO. Thereafter, the CDO securities will be retired in sequential order from senior-most to junior-most as loans are repaid. We incurred approximately $11.8 million of issuance costs, which will be amortized on a level-yield basis over the average life of the CDO. The Issuer is consolidated in our financial statements. The investment grade notes are treated as a secured financing, and are non-recourse to us. Proceeds from the sale of the investment grade notes issued were used to repay substantially all outstanding debt under our repurchase agreements and fund additional investments.

 

Junior Subordinated Debentures

 

On May 20, 2005 we completed the issuance of $50.0 million in unsecured trust preferred securities through a newly formed Delaware statutory trust, Gramercy Capital Trust I, or GCTI, that is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Operating Partnership. The securities bear interest at a fixed rate of 7.57% for the first ten years ending June 2015. Thereafter the rate will float based on the three-month LIBOR plus 300 basis points.

 

On August 9, 2005 we completed an additional issuance of $50.0 million in unsecured trust preferred securities through a separate newly formed Delaware statutory trust, Gramercy Capital Trust II, or GCTII, that is also a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Operating Partnership. The securities bear interest at a fixed rate of 7.75% for the first ten years ending October 2015. Thereafter the rate will float based on the three-month LIBOR plus 300 basis points.

 

Both issuances of trust preferred securities require quarterly interest distributions; however, payments may be deferred while the interest expense is accrued for a period of up to four consecutive quarters if the Operating Partnership exercises its right to defer such payments. The trust preferred securities are redeemable, at the option of the Operating Partnership, in whole or in part, with no prepayment premium any time after June 30, 2010 for the securities issued in May 2005, and October 30, 2010 for the securities issued in August 2005.

 

GCTI and GCTII each issued $1.55 million aggregate liquidation amount of common securities, representing 100% of the voting common stock of GCTI and GCTII to the Operating Partnership for a total purchase price of $3.1 million. GCTI and GCTII used the proceeds from the sale of the trust preferred securities and the common securities to purchase the Operating Partnership’s junior subordinated notes. The terms of the junior subordinated notes match the terms of the trust preferred securities. The notes are subordinate and junior in right of payment to all present and future senior indebtedness and certain other of our financial obligations. We realized net proceeds from each offering of approximately $49.0 million.

 

Our interests in GCTI and GCTII are accounted for using the equity method and the assets and liabilities of GCTI and GCTII are not consolidated into our financial statements. Interest on the junior subordinated notes is included in interest expense on our consolidated income statements while the junior subordinated notes are presented as a separate item in our consolidated balance sheet.

 

46



 

Contractual Obligations

 

Combined aggregate principal maturities of our CDO, repurchase facilities, trust preferred securities, mortgage note payable, revolving credit facility and our obligations under our management agreement, outsourcing agreement, CDO collateral management agreement and operating lease as of December 31, 2005 are as follows (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

CDO

 

Repurchase
Facilities

 

Trust
Preferred
Securities

 

Mortgage
Note
Payable

 

Revolving
Credit
Facility

 

Outsourcing
and
Management
Agreements (1)

 

CDO
Collateral
Management
Agreement

 

Operating
Lease

 

Total

 

2006

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

10,565

 

$

2,026

 

$

252

 

$

12,843

 

2007

 

 

67,717

 

 

 

 

10,666

 

2,026

 

256

 

80,665

 

2008

 

 

49,649

 

 

 

 

 

2,026

 

261

 

51,936

 

2009

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,026

 

265

 

2,291

 

2010

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,092

 

283

 

1,375

 

Thereafter

 

810,500

 

 

100,000

 

41,000

 

 

 

 

1,351

 

952,851

 

 

 

$

810,500

 

$

117,366

 

$

100,000

 

$

41,000

 

 

$

21,231

 

$

9,196

 

$

2,668

 

$

1,101,961

 

 


(1)   Management fee is calculated as 1.75% of our gross stockholders equity (as defined in the management agreement and inclusive of the trust preferred securities issued on May 20, 2005 and August 9, 2005) on January 31, 2006, inclusive of the trust preferred securities issued on May 20, 2005, August 9, 2005 and January 27, 2006.

 

Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements

 

We have several off-balance-sheet investments, including joint ventures and structured finance investments.  These investments all have varying ownership structures.  Substantially all of our joint venture arrangements are accounted for under the equity method of accounting as we have the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control over the operating and financial decisions of these joint venture arrangements.  Our off-balance-sheet arrangements are discussed in Note 4, “Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures” in the accompanying financial statements.

 

Dividends

 

To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we must pay annual dividends to our stockholders of at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined before taking into consideration the dividends paid deduction and net capital gains. We intend to continue to pay regular quarterly dividends to our stockholders. Before we pay any dividend, whether for Federal income tax purposes or otherwise, which would only be paid out of available cash to the extent permitted under our unsecured and secured credit and repurchase facilities, and our term loans, we must first meet both our operating requirements and scheduled debt service on our mortgages and loans payable.

 

Related Party Transactions (Amounts in thousands)

 

In connection with our initial public offering, we entered into a management agreement with our Manager, which provides for an initial term through December 2007 with automatic one-year extension options and is subject to certain termination rights. We pay the Manager an annual management fee equal to 1.75% of our gross stockholders equity (as defined in the management agreement) inclusive of the trust preferred securities issued on May 20, 2005 and August 9, 2005. We realized expense to the Manager under this agreement of an aggregate of approximately $6,337 for the year ended December 31, 2005 and approximately $1,349 for the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004.

 

At December 31, 2005, the majority of the Class B limited partnership interests were owned by our Manager and SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. Interests were also held by certain officers and employees of SL Green Realty Corp., including some of whom are among our executive officers, which interests are subject to performance thresholds. To provide an incentive for the Manager to enhance the value of the common stock, the holders of the Class B limited partner interests of the Operating Partnership are entitled to an incentive return equal to 25% of the amount by which funds from operations (as defined in the partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership) plus certain accounting gains exceed the product of our weighted average stockholders equity (as defined in the partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership) multiplied by 9.5% (divided by 4 to adjust for quarterly calculations). We will record any distributions on the Class B limited partner interests as an incentive distribution expense in the period when earned and when payments of such amounts have become probable and reasonably estimable in accordance with the partnership agreement. We realized approximately $2,276 of incentive distribution expense for the year ended December 31, 2005.

 

47



 

We are obligated to reimburse the Manager for its costs incurred under an asset servicing agreement between our Manager and an affiliate of SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. and a separate outsourcing agreement between our Manager and SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. The asset servicing agreement provides for an annual fee payable to SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. by us of 0.15% of the carrying value of our investments, which amount SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. has agreed to reduce for certain investments and which fee may be further reduced by SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. for fees paid directly to outside servicers by us. The outsourcing agreement currently provides for a fee payable by us of $1,288 per year, increasing 3% annually over the prior year. For the year ended December 31, 2005 and the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004, we realized expense of an aggregate of $1,266 and $521, respectively, to our Manager under the outsourcing agreement. For the year ended December 31, 2005 and the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004, we realized expense of an aggregate of $1,037 and $95 to our Manager under the asset servicing agreement, respectively.

 

In connection with the closing of our CDO in July 2005, the Issuer entered into a collateral management agreement with the Manager. Pursuant to the collateral management agreement, the Manager has agreed to provide certain advisory and administrative services in relation to the collateral debt securities and other eligible investments securing the CDO notes. The collateral management agreement provides for a senior collateral management fee, payable quarterly in accordance with the priority of payments as set forth in the indenture, equal to 0.15% per annum of the net outstanding portfolio balance, and an additional subordinate collateral management fee, payable quarterly in accordance with the priority of payments as set forth in the indenture, equal to 0.25% per annum of the net outstanding portfolio balance. Net outstanding portfolio balance is the sum of the (i) aggregate principal balance of the collateral debt securities, excluding defaulted securities, (ii) aggregate principal balance of all principal proceeds held as cash and eligible investments in certain accounts, and (iii) with respect to the defaulted securities, the calculation amount of such defaulted securities. As compensation for the performance of its obligations as collateral manager, our Board of Directors has allocated to the Manager the portion of the subordinate collateral management fee paid on securities not held by us. The senior collateral management fee and balance of the subordinate collateral management fee is allocated to us. For the year ended December 31, 2005 we realized expense of $944 to the Manager under the collateral management agreement.

 

In connection with the 5,500 shares of common stock that were sold on December 3, 2004 and settled on December 31, 2004 and January 3, 2005 in a private placement, we agreed to pay the Manager a fee of $1,000 as compensation for financial advisory, structuring and costs incurred on our behalf. This fee was recorded as a reduction in the proceeds of the private placement. Apart from legal fees and stock clearing charges totaling $245, no other fees were paid by us to an investment bank, broker/dealer or other financial advisor in connection with the private placement, resulting in total costs of 1.3% of total gross proceeds.

 

On April 29, 2005, we closed on a $57,503 initial investment in a joint venture with SL Green to acquire, own and operate the South Building located at One Madison Avenue, New York, New York, or the Property. The joint venture, which was created to acquire, own and operate the Property, is owned 45% by a wholly-owned subsidiary of us and 55% by a wholly-owned subsidiary of SL Green. The joint venture interests are pari passu. Also on April 29, 2005, the joint venture completed the acquisition of the Property from Metropolitan Life Insurance Company for the purchase price of approximately $802,800 plus closing costs, financed in part through a $690,000 first mortgage loan on the Property. The Property comprises approximately 1.2 million square feet and is almost entirely net leased to Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, or CS, pursuant to a lease with a 15-year remaining term.

 

Commencing May 1, 2005 we are party to a lease agreement with SLG Graybar Sublease LLC, an affiliate of SL Green, for our corporate offices at 420 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York. The lease is for approximately five thousand square feet with an option to lease an additional approximately two thousand square feet and carries a term of ten years with rents on the entire seven thousand square feet of approximately $249 per annum for year one rising to $315 per annum in year ten. For the year ended December 31, 2005 we paid $90 under this lease.

 

Bright Star Couriers LLC, or Bright Star, provides messenger services to us. Bright Star is owned by Gary Green, a son of Stephen L. Green, our Chairman. The aggregate amount of fees paid by us for such services for the year ended December 31, 2005 was approximately $3, and less than $1 for the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004.

 

SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. has invested $75,000 and $6,100 in preferred equity interests that are subordinate to two of our investments with book values of $29,026 and $6,441, respectively, as of December 31, 2005. SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. had invested $75,000 in a preferred equity interest that was subordinate to our investment with a book value of $68,879 as of December 31, 2004.

 

48



 

On July 14, 2005, we closed on the purchase from an SL Green affiliate of a $40,000 mezzanine loan which bears interest at 11.20%. As part of that sale, the seller retained an interest-only participation. We have determined that the yield on our mezzanine loan after giving effect to the interest-only participation retained by the seller is at market. The mezzanine loan is secured by the equity interests in an office property in New York, New York.

 

Funds from Operations

 

FFO is a widely recognized measure of REIT performance. We compute FFO in accordance with standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, which may not be comparable to FFO reported by other REITs that do not compute FFO in accordance with the NAREIT definition, or that interpret the NAREIT definition differently than we do. The revised White Paper on FFO approved by the Board of Governors of NAREIT in April 2002 defines FFO as net income (loss) (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding gains (or losses) from debt restructuring and sales of properties, plus real estate related depreciation and amortization and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. We present FFO because we consider it an important supplemental measure of our operating performance and believe that it is frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of REITS. We also use FFO as one of several criteria to determine performance-based bonuses for members of our senior management. FFO is intended to exclude GAAP historical cost depreciation and amortization of real estate and related assets, which assumes that the value of real estate assets diminishes ratably over time. Historically, however, real estate values have risen or fallen with market conditions. Because FFO excludes depreciation and amortization unique to real estate, gains and losses from property dispositions and extraordinary items, it provides a performance measure that, when compared year over year, reflects the impact to operations from trends in occupancy rates, rental rates, operating costs, interest costs, providing perspective not immediately apparent from net income. We consider gains and losses on the sales of debt investments to be a normal part of our recurring operations and therefore do not exclude such gains and losses when arriving at FFO. FFO does not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income (determined in accordance with GAAP), as an indication of our financial performance or to cash flow from operating activities (determined in accordance with GAAP) as a measure of our liquidity, nor is it indicative of funds available to fund our cash needs, including our ability to make cash distributions.

 

Funds from Operations for the year ended December 31, 2005, and the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004 is as follows (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

For the Year
ended
December 31,
2005

 

For the Period
April 12, 2004
(formation)
through
December 31,
2004

 

Net income available to common stockholders

 

$

31,371

 

$

2,052

 

Add:

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

3,448

 

327

 

FFO adjustment for unconsolidated joint ventures

 

4,804

 

 

Less:

 

 

 

 

 

Non real estate depreciation and amortization

 

(3,133

)

(327

)

Funds from operations

 

$

36,490

 

$

2,052

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows provided by operating activities

 

$

2,160

 

$

1,145

 

Cash flows used in investing activities

 

$

(918,930

)

$

(407,056

)

Cash flows provided by financing activities

 

$

948,252

 

$

444,805

 

 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

 

SFAS No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment, a revision of FASB Statement No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the income statement based on their fair value.  The new standard is effective for interim or annual reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2006. The implementation of SFAS No. 123(R) is expected to have no impact on our financial statements.

 

In June 2005, the FASB ratified the consensus in EITF Issue No. 04-5, or Issue 04-5, Determining Whether a General Partner, or the General Partners as a Group, Controls a Limited Partnership or Similar Entity When the Limited Partners Have Certain Rights, which provides guidance in determining whether a general partner controls a limited partnership.  Issue 04-5 states that the general partner in

 

49



 

a limited partnership is presumed to control that limited partnership.  The presumption may be overcome if the limited partners have either (1) the substantive ability to dissolve the limited partnership or otherwise remove the general partner without cause or (2) substantive participating rights, which provide the limited partners with the ability to effectively participate in significant decisions that would be expected to be made in the ordinary course of the limited partnership’s business and thereby preclude the general partner from exercising unilateral control over the partnership.  If the criteria in Issue 04-5 are met, a company could be required to consolidate certain of its existing unconsolidated joint ventures.  Our adoption of Issue 04-5 for new or modified limited partnership arrangements effective June 30, 2005 and existing limited partnership arrangements effective January 1, 2006 is not expected to have any effect on our financial position or results of operations.

 

In March 2005, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 47, or FIN 47, “Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations” an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143, or SFAS 143. FIN 47 clarifies the term conditional asset retirement obligation in SFAS 143 as a legal obligation to perform an asset retirement activity in which the timing and/or method of settlement are conditional on a future event that may or may not be within the control of the entity.  FIN 47 clarifies that future expenses to remove asbestos from buildings should be estimated and accrued as a liability at the time of acquisition with an offset to increase the cost of the associated structure. Uncertainty about the timing and/or method of settlement of a conditional asset retirement obligation should be factored into the measurement of a liability when sufficient information exists. SFAS No. 143 acknowledges that in some cases, sufficient information may not be available to reasonably estimate the fair value of an asset retirement obligation.  FIN 47 also clarifies when an entity would have sufficient information to reasonably estimate the fair value of an asset retirement obligation.  FIN 47 is effective for the year ended December 31, 2005 and did not have a material effect on our financial position or results of operations for 2005.

 

50



 

ITEM 7A.               QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

Market Risk
 

Market risk includes risks that arise from changes in interest rates, commodity prices, equity prices and other market changes that affect market sensitive instruments. In pursuing our business plan, we expect that the primary market risks to which we will be exposed are real estate and interest rate risks.

 

Real Estate Risk

 

Commercial and multi-family property values and net operating income derived from such properties are subject to volatility and may be affected adversely by a number of factors, including, but not limited to, national, regional and local economic conditions which may be adversely affected by industry slowdowns and other factors), local real estate conditions (such as an oversupply of retail, industrial, office or other commercial or multi-family space), changes or continued weakness in specific industry segments, construction quality, age and design, demographic factors, retroactive changes to building or similar codes, and increases in operating expenses (such as energy costs). In the event net operating income decreases, a borrower may have difficulty repaying our loans, which could result in losses to us. In addition, decreases in property values reduce the value of the collateral and the potential proceeds available to a borrower to repay our loans, which could also cause us to suffer losses. Even when a property’s net operating income is sufficient to cover the property’s debt service, at the time a loan is made, there can be no assurance that this will continue in the future.

 

Interest Rate Risk
 

Interest rate risk is highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations and other factors beyond our control. A hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates along the entire interest rate curve for the year ended December 31, 2005 and the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004 would have increased our interest cost by approximately $5.8 million and $204,000, respectively, offset by an increase in our investment income of approximately $7.9 million and $713,000, respectively.

 

Our operating results will depend in large part on differences between the income from our assets and our borrowing costs. Most of our assets and borrowings are variable-rate instruments that we finance with variable rate debt. The objective of this strategy is to minimize the impact of interest rate changes on the spread between the yield on our assets and our cost of funds. We enter into hedging transactions with respect to all liabilities relating to fixed rate assets. If we were to finance fixed rate assets with variable rate debt and the benchmark for our variable rate debt increased, our net income would decrease. Furthermore, as most of our available financing provides for an ability of the lender to mark-to-market our assets and make margin calls based on a change in the value of our assets, financing fixed rate assets with this debt creates the risk that an increase in fixed rate benchmarks (such as “swap” yields) would decrease the value of our fixed rate assets. We have entered into certain swap transactions in anticipation of drawing upon our mark-to-market debt to hedge against this risk. Some of our loans are subject to various interest rate floors. As a result, if interest rates fall below the floor rates, the spread between the yield on our assets and our cost of funds will increase, which will generally increase our returns. Because we generate income principally from the spread between the yields on our assets and the cost of our borrowing and hedging activities, our net income will generally increase if LIBOR increases and decreases if LIBOR decreases, but this may not always be true in the future. Our exposure to interest rates will also be affected by our overall corporate leverage, which we generally target to be 70% to 80% of the carrying value of our assets, although our actual leverage may vary depending on our mix of assets.

 

In the event of a significant rising interest rate environment and/or economic downturn, delinquencies and defaults could increase and result in credit losses to us, which could adversely affect our liquidity and operating results. Further, such delinquencies or defaults could have an adverse effect on the spreads between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.

 

51



 

The aggregate carrying values, allocation by product type and weighted average coupons of our investments as of December 31, 2005 and 2004 were as follows:

 

 

 

Carrying Value (1)
($ in thousands)

 

Allocation by
Investment Type

 

Fixed Rate:
Average Yield

 

Floating Rate:
Average Spread over
LIBOR (2)

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2005

 

2004

 

2005

 

2004

 

2005

 

2004

 

Whole loans, floating rate

 

$

561,388

 

$

155,215

 

46

%

38

%

 

 

325

 bps

373

 bps

Whole loans, fixed rate

 

94,448

 

 

8

%

 

10.64

%

 

 

 

Subordinate interests in whole loans, floating rate

 

362,983

 

209,286

 

30

%

51

%

 

 

443

 bps

640

 bps

Subordinate interests in whole loans, fixed rate

 

37,104

 

31,216

 

3

%

8

%

9.19

%

9.57

%

 

 

Mezzanine loans, floating rate

 

82,793

 

 

7

%

 

 

 

858

 bps

 

Mezzanine loans, fixed rate

 

43,352

 

 

4

%

 

8.88

%

 

 

 

Preferred equity, floating rate

 

11,795

 

 

1

%

 

 

 

900

 bps

 

Preferred equity, fixed rate

 

11,882

 

 

1

%

 

10.28

%

 

 

 

Commercial mortgage backed securities

 

 

10,898

 

 

3

%

 

13.49

%

 

 

Total / Average

 

$

1,205,745

 

$

406,615

 

100

%

100

%

9.92

%

10.58

%

417

 bps

526

 bps

 


(1)   Debt investments are presented after scheduled amortization payments and prepayments, and are net of unamortized fees, discounts, asset sales and unfunded commitments.

 

(2)   Spreads over an index other than LIBOR have been adjusted to a LIBOR based equivalent.

 

As of December 31, 2005, our investment portfolio had the following maturity characteristics:

 

Year of Maturity

 

Number of
Investments
Maturing

 

Current
Carrying Value
(In thousands)

 

% of Total

 

2006

 

12

 

$

206,457

 

17

%

2007

 

27

 

643,425

 

53

%

2008

 

9

 

199,552

 

17

%

2009

 

2

 

47,117

 

4

%

2010

 

3

 

36,198

 

3

%

Thereafter

 

4

 

72,996

 

6

%

 

 

57

 

$

1,205,745

 

100.00

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average maturity

 

 

 

2.3 years

 (1)

 

 

 


(1)   The calculation of weighted average maturity is based upon the initial term of the investment and does not include option or extension periods, which may be available to the borrower.

 

Combined aggregate principal maturities of our CDO, repurchase facilities, trust preferred securities, mortgage note payable and revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2005 are as follows (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Collateralized
Debt
Obligations

 

Repurchase
Facilities

 

Trust
Preferred
Securities

 

Mortgage
Note
Payable

 

Revolving
Credit
Facility

 

Total

 

2006

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

2007

 

 

67,717

 

 

 

 

67,717

 

2008

 

 

49,649

 

 

 

 

49,649

 

2009

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2010

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Thereafter

 

810,500

 

 

100,000

 

41,000

 

 

951,500

 

 

 

$

810,500

 

$

117,366

 

$

100,000

 

$

41,000

 

 

$

1,068,866

 

 

52



 

The following table summarizes the notional and fair value of our derivative financial instrument at December 31, 2005. All derivative instruments with the exception of the $15,500 swap which was entered in contemplation of a future sale transaction, have been designated as cash flow hedges. The notional value is an indication of the extent of our involvement in this instrument at that time, but does not represent exposure to credit, interest rate or market risks (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Benchmark Rate

 

Notional
Value

 

Strike
Rate

 

Effective
Date

 

Expiration
Date

 

Fair
Value

 

Interest Rate Swap

 

3 month LIBOR

 

$

40,000

 

4.42

%

7/2005

 

2/2014

 

$

905

 

Interest Rate Swap

 

1 month LIBOR

 

 

26,235

 

4.188

%

6/2005

 

6/2010

 

588

 

Interest Rate Swap

 

1 month LIBOR

 

 

3,465

 

3.300

%(1)

7/2005

(1)

2/2006

(1)

60

 

Interest Rate Swap

 

1 month LIBOR

 

 

31,686

 

3.855

%

7/2005

 

11/2009

 

996

 

Interest Rate Swap

 

1 month LIBOR

 

 

19,800

 

3.625

%

7/2005

 

2/2006

 

13

 

Interest Rate Swap

 

3 month LIBOR

 

 

15,500

 

5.135

%

12/2005

 

12/2015

 

(265

)

Interest Rate Swap

 

1 month LIBOR

 

 

3,960

 

4.959

%

12/2005

 

12/2015

 

(48

)

Interest Rate Cap

 

3 month LIBOR

 

 

23,713

 

5.70

%

11/2005

 

12/2007

 

20

 

Interest Rate Cap

 

1 month LIBOR

 

 

14,120

 

5.50

%

12/2005

 

1/2007

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

$

178,479

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

2,271

 

 


(1)   This swap has a step-up component with a strike rate of 4.28%, an effective date of February 2006 and an expiration of December 2009. The total fair value of the initial swap and the step-up provisions are reflected in the fair value.

 

53



 

ITEM 8.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

 

Index to Financial Statements and Schedules

 

GRAMERCY CAPITAL CORP.

 

 

 

 

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2005 and 2004

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended December 31, 2005 and the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the year ended December 31, 2005 and the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the year ended December 31, 2004 and the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004

 

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

 

 

 

Schedules

 

 

 

 

 

Schedule IV Mortgage Loans on Real Estate as of December 31, 2005

 

 

 

 

 

All other schedules are omitted because they are not required or the required information is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.

 

 

 

54



 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Gramercy Capital Corp.

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Gramercy Capital Corp. as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2005 and for the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index as Item 15(a)(2). These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of Gramercy Capital Corp.’s management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Gramercy Capital Corp. at December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2005 and for the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of Gramercy Capital Corp.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March 13, 2006 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

 

 

/s/

Ernst & Young LLP

 

 

 

New York, New York

March 13, 2006

 

55



 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

The Board of Directors and Shareholders of Gramercy Capital Corp.

 

We have audited management’s assessment, included in the accompanying Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures - “Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting,” that Gramercy Capital Corp. maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). Gramercy Capital Corp.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on management’s assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

In our opinion, management’s assessment that Gramercy Capital Corp. maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on the COSO criteria. Also, in our opinion, Gramercy Capital Corp. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, based on the COSO criteria.

 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Gramercy Capital Corp. as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2005 and for the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004 of Gramercy Capital Corp. and our report dated March 13, 2006 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

 

 

/s/

Ernst & Young LLP

 

 

 

New York, New York

March 13, 2006

 

56



 

Gramercy Capital Corp.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

 

 

 

December 31,
2005

 

December 31,
2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

70,576

 

$

39,094

 

Restricted cash

 

53,833

 

1,901

 

Loans and other lending investments, net

 

1,163,745

 

395,717

 

Commercial mortgage backed securities, net

 

 

10,898

 

Investment in unconsolidated joint ventures

 

58,040

 

 

Loans held for sale, net

 

42,000

 

 

Operating real estate, net

 

51,173

 

 

Stock subscriptions receivable

 

 

60,445

 

Accrued interest

 

7,187

 

2,921

 

Deferred financing costs

 

17,488

 

2,044

 

Deferred costs

 

1,894

 

189

 

Derivative instruments, at fair value

 

2,271

 

249

 

Other assets

 

1,603

 

589

 

Total assets

 

$

1,469,810

 

$

514,047

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity:

 

 

 

 

 

Repurchase agreements

 

$

117,366

 

$

238,885

 

Collateralized debt obligations

 

810,500

 

 

Mortgage note payable

 

41,000

 

 

Management fees payable

 

1,329

 

416

 

Incentive fee payable

 

1,237

 

 

Dividends payable

 

10,726

 

1,951

 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

 

11,561

 

1,935

 

Other liabilities

 

3,687

 

1,901

 

Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures held by trusts that issued trust preferred securities

 

100,000

 

 

Total liabilities

 

1,097,406

 

245,088

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commitments and contingencies

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders’ Equity:

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred stock, par value $0.001, 25,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued or outstanding

 

 

 

Common stock, par value $0.001, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 22,802,642 and 18,812,500 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively

 

22

 

19

 

Additional paid-in-capital

 

369,529

 

268,558

 

Accumulated other comprehensive income

 

2,851

 

282

 

Retained earnings

 

2

 

100

 

Total stockholders’ equity

 

372,404

 

268,959

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

$

1,469,810

 

$

514,047

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

57



 

Gramercy Capital Corp.
Consolidated Statements of Income
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)

 

 

 

For the Year
ended
December 31,
2005

 

For the Period
April 12, 2004
(formation)
through
December 31,
2004

 

Revenues

 

 

 

 

 

Investment income

 

$

73,302

 

$

6,841

 

Rental revenue, net

 

1,219

 

 

Gain on sales and other income

 

13,564

 

310

 

Total revenues

 

88,085

 

7,151

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

33,771

 

1,463

 

Management fees

 

9,600

 

1,965

 

Incentive fee

 

2,276

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

672

 

38

 

Marketing, general and administrative

 

6,976

 

1,358

 

Provision for loan loss

 

1,030

 

 

Total expenses

 

54,325

 

4,824

 

Income from continuing operations before equity in net loss of unconsolidated joint ventures and income taxes

 

33,760

 

2,327

 

Equity in net loss of unconsolidated joint ventures

 

(1,489

)

 

Income from continuing operations before income taxes and GKK formation costs

 

32,271

 

2,327

 

Provision for income taxes

 

(900

)

 

GKK formation costs

 

 

(275

)

Net income available to common stockholders

 

$

31,371

 

$

2,052

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic earnings per share:

 

 

 

 

 

Net income available to common stockholders

 

$

1.57

 

$

0.15

 

Diluted earnings per share:

 

 

 

 

 

Net income available to common stockholders

 

$

1.51

 

$

0.15

 

Dividends per common share

 

$

1.495

 

$

0.00

 

Basic weighted average common shares outstanding

 

20,027

 

13,348

 

Diluted weighted average common shares and common share equivalents outstanding

 

20,781

 

13,411

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

58



 

Gramercy Capital Corp.

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

 

 

 


Common
Stock

 

Additional
Paid-
In-Capital

 

Accumulated Other Comprehensive
Income

 

Retained
Earnings

 

Total

 

Comprehensive
Income

 

 

 

Shares

 

Par Value

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at April 12, 2004 (formation)

 

500

 

$

1

 

$

199

 

$

 

$

 

$

200

 

$

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,052

 

2,052

 

2,052

 

Net unrealized gain on derivative instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

282

 

 

 

282

 

282

 

Net proceeds from common stock offerings

 

18,000

 

18

 

267,955

 

 

 

 

 

267,973

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation – fair value

 

 

 

 

 

404

 

 

 

 

 

404

 

 

 

Deferred compensation plan, net

 

313

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash distributions declared ($0.15 per common share of which none represented a return of capital for federal income tax purposes)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,952

)

(1,952

)

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2004

 

18,813

 

19

 

268,558

 

282

 

100

 

268,959

 

$

2,334

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

31,371

 

31,371

 

$

31,371

 

Net unrealized gain on derivative instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,569

 

 

 

2,569

 

2,569

 

Net proceeds from common stock offerings

 

3,833

 

3

 

96,028

 

 

 

 

 

96,031

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation – fair value

 

 

 

 

 

1,798

 

 

 

 

 

1,798

 

 

 

Proceeds from stock option exercises

 

131

 

 

1,970

 

 

 

 

 

1,970

 

 

 

Deferred compensation plan, net

 

26

 

 

1,175

 

 

 

 

 

1,175

 

 

 

Cash distributions declared ($1.495 per common share of which none represented a return of capital for federal income tax purposes)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(31,469

)

(31,469

)

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2005

 

22,803

 

$

22

 

$

369,529

 

$

2,851

 

$

2

 

$

372,404

 

$

33,940

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

 

59



 

Gramercy Capital Corp.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Amounts in thousands)

 

 

 



For the Year
ended
December 31,
2005

 

For the Period April 12, 2004
(formation) through
December 31,
2004

 

Operating Activities

 

 

 

 

 

Net income available to common stockholders

 

$

31,371

 

$

2,052

 

Adjustments to reconcile net income available to common stockholders to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

3,448

 

38

 

Amortization of discount on investments

 

(1,810

)

253

 

Equity in net loss of unconsolidated joint ventures

 

1,489

 

 

Amortization of stock compensation

 

2,569

 

 

Provision for loan losses

 

1,030

 

 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

New investments in loans held for sale

 

(182,431

)

 

Principal collections on loans held for sale

 

140,431

 

 

Accrued interest

 

(4,266

)

(2,921

)

Other assets

 

(1,364

)

(628

)

Management fees payable

 

913

 

416

 

Incentive fee payable

 

1,237

 

 

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities

 

9,543

 

1,935

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

2,160

 

1,145

 

Investing Activities

 

 

 

 

 

New investment originations

 

(1,030,149

)

(407,603

)

Principal collections on investments

 

273,897

 

736

 

Investment in operating real estate

 

(50,616

)

 

Investment in joint ventures

 

(59,529

)

 

Change in restricted cash for investments

 

(50,935

)

 

Settlement of derivative instruments

 

106

 

 

Deferred investment costs

 

(1,704

)

(189

)

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(918,930

)

(407,056

)

Financing Activities

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from repurchase facilities

 

815,151

 

238,885

 

Repayments of repurchase facilities

 

(936,670

)

 

Proceeds from issuance of collateralized debt obligations

 

810,500

 

 

Proceeds from mortgage note payable

 

41,000

 

 

Settlement of derivative instruments

 

375

 

 

Proceeds from stock options exercised

 

1,970

 

 

Net proceeds from sale of common stock

 

156,848

 

268,409

 

Stock subscription receivable

 

 

(60,445

)

Issuance of trust preferred securities

 

100,000

 

 

Deferred financing costs

 

(18,227

)

(2,044

)

Dividends paid

 

(22,695

)

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

 

948,252

 

444,805

 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

 

31,482

 

38,894

 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

 

39,094

 

200

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

 

$

70,576

 

$

39,094

 

Supplemental cash flow disclosures

 

 

 

 

 

Interest paid

 

$

22,440

 

$

558

 

Income taxes paid

 

$

828

 

$

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

60



 

Gramercy Capital Corp.

Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

December 31, 2005

 

1.  Organization

 

Gramercy Capital Corp. (the Company or Gramercy), was organized in Maryland on April 12, 2004 as a commercial real estate specialty finance company specializing in the direct origination and acquisition of whole loans, subordinate interests in whole loans, mezzanine loans, preferred equity, and net lease investments involving commercial properties throughout the United States. When evaluating transactions, we assess our risk-adjusted return and target transactions with yields that ensure an equitable balance between risks and return.

 

Substantially all of our operations are conducted through GKK Capital LP, a Delaware limited partnership, or the Operating Partnership. We, as the sole general partner of, and holder of 100% of the common units of, the Operating Partnership, has responsibility and discretion in the management and control of the Operating Partnership, and the limited partners of the Operating Partnership, in such capacity, have no authority to transact business for, or participate in the management activities of, the Operating Partnership. Accordingly, we consolidate the accounts of the Operating Partnership.

 

We are externally managed and advised by GKK Manager LLC, or the Manager, a majority-owned subsidiary of SL Green Realty Corp., or SL Green. At December 31, 2005, SL Green also owned approximately 25% of the outstanding shares of our common stock. We qualified as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, under the Internal Revenue Code commencing with our taxable year ending December 31, 2004 and expect to qualify for the current fiscal year. To maintain our tax status as a REIT, we plan to distribute at least 90% of our taxable income. Unless the context requires otherwise, all references to “we,” “our,” and “us” means Gramercy Capital Corp.

 

As of December 31, 2005, we held loans and other lending investments of $1,205,745 net of fees, discounts, repayments, asset sales and unfunded commitments with an average spread to LIBOR of 417 basis points for our floating rate investments and an average yield of 9.92% for our fixed rate investments. As of December 31, 2005 we also held interests in three CTL investments totaling $109,213 comprised of the $51,173 carrying value of 200 Franklin Square Drive, a 200,000 square foot building in Somerset, New Jersey which is 100% net leased to Philips Holding USA Inc, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Royal Philips Electronics, through December 2021 and $58,040 in joint venture investments.

 

2.  Significant Accounting Policies

 

Principles of Consolidation

 

The consolidated financial statements include our accounts and those of our subsidiaries which are wholly-owned or controlled by us, or entities which are variable interest entities in which we are the primary beneficiaries under FASB Interpretation No. 46, FIN 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities.”  FIN 46 requires a variable interest entity, or VIE, to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary is the party that absorbs a majority of the VIE’s anticipated losses and/or a majority of the expected returns. We have evaluated our investments for potential classification as variable interests by evaluating the sufficiency of the entities’ equity investment at risk to absorb losses, and determined that we are not the primary beneficiary for any of our investments. Entities which we do not control and entities which are VIE’s, but where we are not the primary beneficiary, are accounted for under the equity method. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

We consider all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.

 

Restricted Cash

 

Restricted cash consists primarily of $50,936 on deposit with the trustee of our CDO, representing proceeds from our CDO issuance that will be used to fund future investments that will be acquired by the CDO trust. Also included are the proceeds of repayments from loans serving as CDO collateral, which will be used to fund investments to replace those trust assets which are repaid or sold by the trust, interest payments received by the trustee on investments that serve as collateral for the CDO, which are remitted to us on a quarterly basis in the month following the end of our fiscal quarter, and future funding obligations on certain investments. The remaining $2,897 consists of interest reserves held on behalf of borrowers.

 

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Loans and Investments and Loans Held for Sale

 

Loans held for investment are intended to be held to maturity and, accordingly, are carried at cost, net of unamortized loan origination costs and fees, discounts, repayments, sales of partial interests in loans, and unfunded commitments unless such loan or investment is deemed to be impaired. Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or market value using available market information obtained through consultation with dealers or other originators of such investments. We may originate or acquire preferred equity interests that allow us to participate in a percentage of the underlying property’s cash flows from operations and proceeds from a sale or refinancing. Should we make such a preferred equity investment, we must determine whether that investment should be accounted for as a loan, joint venture or as an interest in real estate. Our current preferred equity investments do not entitle us to a percentage of the underlying properties’ cash flows from operations or proceeds from a sale or refinancing and are, therefore, accounted for as loans.

 

Specific valuation allowances are established for impaired loans based on the fair value of collateral on an individual loan basis. The fair value of the collateral is determined by selecting the most appropriate valuation methodology, or methodologies, among several generally available and accepted in the commercial real estate industry. The determination of the most appropriate valuation methodology is based on the key characteristics of the collateral type. These methodologies include the evaluation of operating cash flow from the property during the projected holding period, and the estimated sales value of the collateral computed by applying an expected capitalization rate to the stabilized net operating income of the specific property, less selling costs, all of which are discounted at market discount rates.

 

If upon completion of the valuation, the fair value of the underlying collateral securing the impaired loan is less than the net carrying value of the loan, an allowance is created with a corresponding charge to the provision for loan losses. The allowance for each loan is maintained at a level we believe is adequate to absorb probable losses. At December 31, 2005 we maintained a reserve of $1,030.

 

Our Manager evaluates our assets on a regular basis to determine if they continue to satisfy our investment criteria. Subject to certain restrictions, our Manager may cause us to sell our investments opportunistically and use the proceeds of any such sale for debt reduction, additional acquisitions or working capital purposes.

 

Classifications of Mortgage-Backed Securities

 

Mortgage-backed securities, or MBS, are classified as available-for-sale securities. As a result, changes in fair value will be recorded as a balance sheet adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income, which is a component of stockholders equity, rather than through our statement of operations. If available-for-sale securities were classified as trading securities, there could be substantially greater volatility in earnings from period-to-period as these investments would be marked to market and any reduction in the value of the securities versus the previous carrying value would be considered an expense on our statement of operations. We had no investments as of December 31, 2005 that were accounted for as trading securities.

 

Valuations of Mortgage-Backed Securities

 

All MBS are carried on the balance sheet at fair value. We determine the fair value of MBS based on the types of securities in which we have invested. For liquid, investment-grade securities, we consult with dealers of such securities to periodically obtain updated market pricing for the same or similar instruments. For non-investment grade securities, we actively monitor the performance of the underlying properties and loans and update our pricing model to reflect changes in projected cash flows. The value of the securities is derived by applying discount rates to such cash flows based on current market yields. The yields employed are obtained from our own experience in the market, advice from dealers and/or information obtained in consultation with other investors in similar instruments. Because fair value estimates may vary to some degree, we must make certain judgments and assumptions about the appropriate price to use to calculate the fair values for financial reporting purposes. Different judgments and assumptions could result in different presentations of value.

 

When the fair value of an available-for-sale security is less than the amortized cost, we consider whether there is an other-than-temporary impairment in the value of the security (for example, whether the security will be sold prior to the recovery of fair value). If, in our judgment, an other-than-temporary impairment exists, the cost basis of the security is written down to the then-current fair value, and this loss is realized and charged against earnings. The determination of other-than-temporary impairment is a subjective process, and different judgments and assumptions could affect the timing of loss realization.

 

Credit Tenant Lease Investments

 

Credit tenant lease, or CTL, investments are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Costs directly related to the acquisition of

 

62



 

such investments are capitalized. Certain improvements are capitalized when they are determined to increase the useful life of the building. Capitalized items are depreciated using the straight-line method over the shorter of the useful lives of the capitalized item or 40 years for buildings or facilities, the remaining life of the facility for facility improvements, four to seven years for personal property and equipment, and the shorter of the remaining lease term or the expected life for tenant improvements.

 

Results of operations of properties acquired are included in the Statement of Operations from the date of acquisition.

 

In accordance with FASB No. 144, or SFAS 144, “Accounting for the Impairment of Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” a property to be disposed of is reported at the lower of its carrying amount or its estimated fair value, less its cost to sell. Once an asset is held for sale, depreciation expense and straight-line rent adjustments are no longer recorded and historic results are reclassified as Discontinued Operations.

 

In accordance with FASB No. 141, or SFAS 141, “Business Combinations,” we allocate the purchase price of real estate to land and building and, if determined to be material, intangibles, such as the value of above, below and at-market leases and origination costs associated with the in-place leases.  We depreciate the amount allocated to building and other intangible assets over their estimated useful lives, which generally range from three to 40 years.  The values of the above and below market leases are amortized and recorded as either an increase (in the case of below market leases) or a decrease (in the case of above market leases) to rental income over the remaining term of the associated lease.  The value associated with in-place leases and tenant relationships are amortized over the expected term of the relationship, which includes an estimated probability of the lease renewal, and its estimated term.  If a tenant vacates its space prior to the contractual termination of the lease and no rental payments are being made on the lease, any unamortized balance of the related intangible will be written off.  The tenant improvements and origination costs are amortized as an expense over the remaining life of the lease (or charged against earnings if the lease is terminated prior to its contractual expiration date).  We assess fair value of the leases based on estimated cash flow projections that utilize appropriate discount and capitalization rates and available market information.  Estimates of future cash flows are based on a number of factors including the historical operating results, known trends, and market/economic conditions that may affect the property.

 

As a result of our evaluation under SFAS No. 141 of our acquisition of 200 Franklin Square Drive, we recorded a liability of $872 representing the net value of the acquired below-market lease and assumed lease origination costs. We recognized a decrease of approximately $22 in rental revenue for the year ended December 31, 2005 for the amortization of the below-market lease and lease origination costs including leasing commissions and tenant improvement costs that would be borne by us, resulting from the reallocation of the purchase price of the property.

 

At December 31, 2005 we held interests in three CTL investments totaling $109,213 comprised of the $51,173 carrying value of 200 Franklin Square Drive, net of $315 of depreciation, and $58,040 in joint venture investments.

 

Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures

 

We account for our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures under the equity method of accounting since we exercise significant influence, but do not unilaterally control, the entities and are not considered to be the primary beneficiary under FIN 46.  In the joint ventures, the rights of the other investor are protective and participating. Unless we are determined to be the primary beneficiary, these rights preclude us from consolidating the investments.  The investments are recorded initially at cost as an investment in unconsolidated joint ventures, and subsequently are adjusted for equity in net income (loss) and cash contributions and distributions.  Any difference between the carrying amount of the investments on our balance sheet and the underlying equity in net assets is amortized as an adjustment to equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated joint ventures over the lesser of the joint venture term or 40 years.  None of the joint venture debt is recourse to us.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Interest income on debt investments is recognized over the life of the investment using the effective interest method and recognized on the accrual basis. Fees received in connection with loan commitments are deferred until the loan is funded and are then recognized over the term of the loan as an adjustment to yield. Anticipated exit fees, whose collection is expected, are also recognized over the term of the loan as an adjustment to yield. Fees on commitments that expire unused are recognized at expiration. Fees received in exchange for the credit enhancement of another lender, either subordinate or senior to us, in the form of a guarantee are recognized

 

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over the term of that guarantee using the straight-line method.

 

Income recognition is generally suspended for debt investments at the earlier of the date at which payments become 90 days past due or when, in our opinion, a full recovery of income and principal becomes doubtful. Income recognition is resumed when the loan becomes contractually current and performance is demonstrated to be resumed.

 

In some instances we may sell all or a portion of our investments to a third party. To the extent the fair value received for an investment exceeds the amortized cost of that investment and FASB Statement No. 140, or SFAS 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities,” criteria is met, under which control of the asset that is sold is surrendered making it a “true sale,” a gain on the sale will be recorded through earnings as other income. To the extent an investment that is sold has a discount or fees, which were deferred at the time the investment was made and were being recognized over the term of the investment, the unamortized portion of the discount or fees are recognized at the time of sale and recorded as a gain on the sale of the investment through other income. We recognized $10,474 in gains from the sale of debt investments, of which $1,849 represents the recognition of unamortized discounts or fees at the time of sale, for the year ended December 31, 2005.

 

Rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. The excess of rents recognized over amounts contractually due pursuant to the underlying leases is included in other assets on the accompanying balance sheets. We may establish, on a current basis, an allowance against this account for future potential tenant credit losses which may occur. The balance reflected on the balance sheet will be net of such allowance.

 

In addition to base rent, the tenants in our CTL investments also pay all operating costs of owned property including real estate taxes.

 

Reserve for Possible Credit Losses

 

The expense for possible credit losses in connection with debt investments is the charge to earnings to increase the allowance for possible credit losses to the level that management estimates to be adequate considering delinquencies, loss experience and collateral quality. Other factors considered relate to geographic trends and project diversification, the size of the portfolio and current economic conditions. Based upon these factors, we may establish the provision for possible credit losses by individual asset or category of asset. When it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts contractually due, the account is considered impaired.

 

Where impairment is indicated, a valuation write-down or write-off is measured based upon the excess of the recorded investment amount over the net fair value of the collateral, as reduced by selling costs. Any deficiency between the carrying amount of an asset and the net sales price of foreclosed collateral is charged to the allowance for credit losses. At December 31, 2005 we maintained a reserve for possible credit losses of $1,030 against investments with a carrying value of $68,293.

 

Deferred Costs

 

Deferred costs consist of fees and direct costs incurred to originate new investments and are amortized using the effective yield method over the related term of the investment.

 

Deferred Financing Costs

 

Deferred financing costs represent commitment fees, legal and other third party costs associated with obtaining commitments for financing which result in a closing of such financing. These costs are amortized over the terms of the respective agreements and the amortization is reflected in interest expense. Unamortized deferred financing costs are expensed when the associated debt is refinanced or repaid before maturity. Costs incurred in seeking financing transactions, which do not close, are expensed in the period in which it is determined that the financing will not close.

 

Stock Based Compensation Plans

 

We have a stock-based compensation plan, described more fully in Note 13. We account for this plan using the fair value recognition provisions of FASB Statement No. 123, or SFAS 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.”

 

The Black-Scholes option-pricing model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options, which have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility. Because our plan has characteristics significantly different from those of traded options and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in our opinion, the existing

 

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models do not necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of our stock options.

 

Compensation cost for stock options, if any, is recognized ratably over the vesting period of the award. Our policy is to grant options with an exercise price equal to the quoted closing market price of our stock on the business day preceding the grant date. Awards of stock or restricted stock are expensed as compensation on a current basis over the benefit period.

 

The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of grant, and quarterly for options issued to non-employees, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions for grants in 2005 and 2004.

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

Dividend yield

 

8.4

%

10.0

%

Expected life of option

 

6.9 years

 

7 years

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

4.16

%

4.10

%

Expected stock price volatility

 

19.1

%

18.0

%

 

Incentive Distribution (Class B Limited Partner Interest)

 

The Class B limited partner interests are entitled to receive an incentive return equal to 25% of the amount by which funds from operations (as defined in the partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership) plus certain accounting gains exceed the product of our weighted average stockholders equity (as defined in the partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership) multiplied by 9.5% (divided by 4 to adjust for quarterly calculations). We will record any distributions on the Class B limited partner interests as an incentive distribution expense in the period when earned and when payment of such amounts has become probable and reasonably estimable in accordance with the partnership agreement. These cash distributions will reduce the amount of cash available for distribution to our common unitholders in our Operating Partnership and to common stockholders. We incurred approximately $2,276 with respect to such Class B limited partner interests for the year ended December 31, 2005 and $0 in 2004.

 

Derivative Instruments

 

In the normal course of business, we use a variety of derivative instruments to manage, or hedge, interest rate risk. We require that hedging derivative instruments be effective in reducing the interest rate risk exposure that they are designated to hedge. This effectiveness is essential for qualifying for hedge accounting. Some derivative instruments are associated with an anticipated transaction. In those cases, hedge effectiveness criteria also require that it be probable that the underlying transaction occurs. Instruments that meet these hedging criteria are formally designated as hedges at the inception of the derivative contract.

 

To determine the fair value of derivative instruments, we use a variety of methods and assumptions that are based on market conditions and risks existing at each balance sheet date. For the majority of financial instruments including most derivatives, long-term investments and long-term debt, standard market conventions and techniques such as discounted cash flow analysis, option-pricing models, replacement cost, and termination cost are used to determine fair value. All methods of assessing fair value result in a general approximation of value, and such value may never actually be realized.

 

In the normal course of business, we are exposed to the effect of interest rate changes and limit these risks by following established risk management policies and procedures including the use of derivatives. To address exposure to interest rates, we use derivatives primarily to hedge the mark-to-market risk of our liabilities with respect to certain of our assets.

 

We use a variety of commonly used derivative products that are considered plain vanilla derivatives. These derivatives typically include interest rate swaps, caps, collars and floors. We also use total rate of return swaps, or TROR swaps, which are tied to the Lehman Brothers CMBS index. We expressly prohibit the use of unconventional derivative instruments and using derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Further, we have a policy of only entering into contracts with major financial institutions based upon their credit ratings and other factors.

 

FASB No. 133, or SFAS 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” as amended by FASB No. 149, requires us to recognize all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. Derivatives that are not hedges must be adjusted to fair value through income. If a derivative is a hedge, depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative will either be offset against the change in fair value of the hedged asset, liability, or firm commitment through earnings, or recognized in other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative’s change in fair value will be immediately

 

65



 

recognized in earnings. SFAS 133 may increase or decrease reported net income and stockholders’ equity prospectively, depending on future levels of LIBOR, swap spreads and other variables affecting the fair values of derivative instruments and hedged items, but will have no effect on cash flows, provided the contract is carried through to full term.

 

We may employ swaps, forwards or purchased options to hedge qualifying forecasted transactions. Gains and losses related to these transactions are deferred and recognized in net income as interest expense in the same period or periods that the underlying transaction occurs, expires or is otherwise terminated.

 

All hedges held by us are deemed to be effective in meeting the hedging objectives established by our corporate policy governing interest rate risk management. The effect of our derivative instruments on our financial statements is discussed more fully in Note 17.

 

Income Taxes

 

We elected to be taxed as a REIT, under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code, beginning with our taxable year ended December 31, 2004. To qualify as a REIT, we must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90% of our ordinary taxable income to stockholders. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income tax on taxable income that we distribute to our stockholders. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will then be subject to federal income taxes on our taxable income at regular corporate rates and we will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for four years following the year during which qualification is lost unless the Internal Revenue Service grants us relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could materially adversely affect our net income and net cash available for distributions to stockholders. However, we believe that we will be organized and operate in such a manner as to qualify for treatment as a REIT and we intend to operate in the foreseeable future in such a manner so that we will qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. We may, however, be subject to certain state and local taxes.

 

Our taxable REIT subsidiaries, individually referred to as a TRS, are subject to federal, state and local taxes.

 

Underwriting Commissions and Costs

 

Underwriting commissions and costs incurred in connection with our stock offerings are reflected as a reduction of additional paid-in-capital.

 

Formation Costs

 

Costs incurred to organize Gramercy in 2004 were expensed as incurred.

 

Earnings Per Share

 

We present both basic and diluted earnings per share, or EPS. Basic EPS excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock, where such exercise or conversion would result in a lower EPS amount.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Reclassification

 

Certain prior year balances have been reclassified to conform with the current year presentation.

 

Concentrations of Credit Risk

 

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash investments, debt investments and accounts receivable. Gramercy places its cash investments in excess of insured amounts with high quality financial institutions. Our Manager performs ongoing analysis of credit risk concentrations in our debt investment portfolio by evaluating exposure to various markets, underlying property types, investment structure, term, sponsors, tenants and other credit metrics. Four investments accounted for more than 20% of the total carrying value of our debt investments as of December 31, 2005. Two investments accounted for more than 37% of the total carrying value of our debt investments as of December 31, 2004. Three investments accounted for approximately 25% of the revenue earned on our debt investments for the year ended December 31, 2005. Two investments accounted for approximately 58% of

 

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the revenue earned on our debt investments for the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004.

 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

 

SFAS No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment, a revision of FASB Statement No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the income statement based on their fair value.  The new standard is effective for interim or annual reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2006. The implementation of SFAS No. 123(R) is expected to have no impact on the our financial statements.

 

In June 2005, the FASB ratified the consensus in EITF Issue No. 04-5, or Issue 04-5, Determining Whether a General Partner, or the General Partners as a Group, Controls a Limited Partnership or Similar Entity When the Limited Partners Have Certain Rights, which provides guidance in determining whether a general partner controls a limited partnership.  Issue 04-5 states that the general partner in a limited partnership is presumed to control that limited partnership.  The presumption may be overcome if the limited partners have either (1) the substantive ability to dissolve the limited partnership or otherwise remove the general partner without cause or (2) substantive participating rights, which provide the limited partners with the ability to effectively participate in significant decisions that would be expected to be made in the ordinary course of the limited partnership’s business and thereby preclude the general partner from exercising unilateral control over the partnership.  If the criteria in Issue 04-5 are met, a company could be required to consolidate certain of its existing unconsolidated joint ventures.  Our adoption of Issue 04-5 for new or modified limited partnership arrangements effective June 30, 2005 and existing limited partnership arrangements effective January 1, 2006 is not expected to have any effect on our financial position or results of operations.

 

In March 2005, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 47, or FIN 47, “Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations” an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143, or SFAS 143. FIN 47 clarifies the term conditional asset retirement obligation in SFAS 143 as a legal obligation to perform an asset retirement activity in which the timing and/or method of settlement are conditional on a future event that may or may not be within the control of the entity.  FIN 47 clarifies that future expenses to remove asbestos from buildings should be estimated and accrued as a liability at the time of acquisition with an offset to increase the cost of the associated structure. Uncertainty about the timing and/or method of settlement of a conditional asset retirement obligation should be factored into the measurement of a liability when sufficient information exists. SFAS No. 143 acknowledges that in some cases, sufficient information may not be available to reasonably estimate the fair value of an asset retirement obligation.  FIN 47 also clarifies when an entity would have sufficient information to reasonably estimate the fair value of an asset retirement obligation.  FIN 47 is effective for the year ended December 31, 2005 and did not have a material effect on our financial position or results of operations for 2005.

 

3.             Loans and Other Lending Investments

 

The aggregate carrying values, allocated by product type and weighted average coupons of our loans and other lending investments as of December 31, 2005 and 2004 were as follows:

 

 

 

Carrying Value (1)
($ in thousands)

 

Allocation by
Investment Type

 

Fixed Rate:
Average Yield

 

Floating Rate:
Average Spread over
LIBOR (2)

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2005

 

2004

 

2005

 

2004

 

2005

 

2004

 

Whole loans, floating rate

 

$

561,388

 

$

155,215

 

46

%

38

%

 

 

325

bps

373

bps

Whole loans, fixed rate

 

94,448

 

 

8

%

 

10.64

%

 

 

 

Subordinate interests in whole loans, floating rate

 

362,983

 

209,286

 

30

%

51

%

 

 

443

bps

640

bps

Subordinate interests in whole loans, fixed rate

 

37,104

 

31,216

 

3

%

8

%

9.19

%

9.57

%

 

 

Mezzanine loans, floating rate

 

82,793

 

 

7

%

 

 

 

858

bps

 

Mezzanine loans, fixed rate

 

43,352

 

 

4

%

 

8.88

%

 

 

 

Preferred equity, floating rate

 

11,795

 

 

1

%

 

 

 

900

bps

 

Preferred equity, fixed rate

 

11,882

 

 

1

%

 

10.28

%

 

 

 

Commercial mortgage backed securities

 

 

10,898

 

 

3

%

 

13.49

%

 

 

Total / Average

 

$

1,205,745

 

$

406,615

 

100

%

100

%

9.92

%

10.58

%

417

bps

526

bps

 


(1) Debt investments are presented after scheduled amortization payments and prepayments, and are net of unamortized fees, discounts, asset sales and unfunded commitments.

 

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(2)          Spreads over an index other than LIBOR have been adjusted to a LIBOR based equivalent.

 

The carrying value of our loans and other lending investments is net of unamortized fees and discounts of $13,336 and $9,409 at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively and unfunded commitments of $107,281 and $11,390 at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

 

As of December 31, 2005, our investment portfolio had the following maturity characteristics:

 

Year of Maturity

 

Number of
Investments
Maturing

 

Current
Carrying Value
(In thousands)

 

% of Total

 

2006

 

12

 

$

206,457

 

17

%

2007

 

27

 

643,425

 

53

%

2008

 

9

 

199,552

 

17

%

2009

 

2

 

47,117

 

4

%

2010

 

3

 

36,198

 

3

%

Thereafter

 

4

 

72,996

 

6

%

 

 

57

 

$

1,205,745

 

100

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average maturity

 

 

 

2.3 years

 

 

 

 

For year ended December 31, 2005 and the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004 the Company’s investment income from debt investments was generated by the following investment types:

 

 

 

For the Year Ended
December 31, 2005

 

For the Period April 12,
2004 (formation)
through December 31,
2004

 

Investment Type

 

Investment Income

 

% of
Total

 

Investment Income

 

% of
Total

 

Whole loans

 

$

30,331

 

41

%

782

 

11

%

Subordinate interests in whole loans

 

 

29,630

 

41

%

$

5,499

 

80

%

Mezzanine loans

 

10,356

 

14

%

 

 

Preferred Equity

 

1,574

 

2

%

 

 

CMBS

 

1,411

 

2

%

560

 

9

%

 

 

$

73,302

 

100

%

$

6,841

 

100

%

 

At December 31, 2005 and 2004, our debt investment portfolio had the following geographic diversification:

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

Region

 

Carrying Value

 

% of
Total

 

Carrying Value

 

% of
Total

 

Northeast

 

$

464,054

 

39

%

$

185,081

 

46

%

West

 

378,040

 

31

%

20,804

 

5

%

South

 

258,511

 

21

%

126,493

 

31

%

Midwest

 

74,949

 

6

%

26,284

 

6

%

Various

 

30,191

 

3

%

47,953

 

12

%

Total

 

$

1,205,745

 

100

%

$

406,615

 

100

%

 

For the year ended December 31, 2005, we recognized $10,474 in gains from the sale of eight fixed and two floating rate debt investments totaling $182,035, of which $1,849 represents the recognition of unamortized discounts or fees at the time of sale.

 

At December 31, 2005 we maintained a reserve for possible credit losses of $1,030 against debt investments with a carrying value of $68,293. For the period during which a reserve was carried, these investments generated interest income of $2,413 and income

 

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recognition remained current. We did not maintain a reserve during 2004.

 

In connection with a preferred equity investment we have guaranteed a portion of the outstanding principal balance of the first mortgage loan, up to approximately $1,400, that is a financial obligation of the entity in which we have invested in the event of a borrower default under such loan. The loan matures in 2032. This guarantee is considered to be an off-balance-sheet arrangement. As compensation, we received a credit enhancement fee of $125 from the borrower, which is recognized as the fair value of the guarantee and has been recorded on our balance sheet as a liability. The liability will be amortized over the life of the guarantee using the straight-line method and corresponding fee income will be recorded. Our maximum exposure under this guarantee is approximately $1,400 as of December 31, 2005. Under the terms of the guarantee, the investment sponsor is required to reimburse us for the entire amount paid under the guarantee until the guarantee expires.

 

4. Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures

 

South Building at One Madison Avenue, New York, New York

 

On April 29, 2005, we closed on a $57,503 initial investment in a joint venture with SL Green to acquire, own and operate the South Building located at One Madison Avenue, New York, New York, or the Property. The joint venture is owned 45% by our wholly-owned subsidiary and 55% by a wholly-owned subsidiary of SL Green. The joint venture interests are pari passu. Also on April 29, 2005, the joint venture completed the acquisition of the Property from Metropolitan Life Insurance Company for the purchase price of approximately $802,800 plus closing costs, financed in part through a $690,000 first mortgage loan on the Property. The first mortgage is non-recourse to us. The Property comprises approximately 1.2 million square feet and is almost entirely net leased to Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, or CS, pursuant to a lease with a 15-year remaining term. As of December 31, 2005 the investment has a carrying value of $56,890. For the year ended December 31, 2005, we recorded our pro rata share of net losses of the joint venture of $1,358.

 

101 S. Marengo Avenue, Pasadena, California

 

On November 29, 2005 we closed on the purchase of a 50% interest in an office building in Pasadena, CA. We also acquired an interest in certain related assets as part of the transaction. The three hundred forty five thousand square foot office property, which is net leased to Bank of America through September 2015, assuming the exercise of options, and related collateral were acquired for $52,000 plus closing costs, using a non-recourse, $50,000, 10-year fixed-rate first mortgage loan. As of December 31, 2005 the investment has a carrying value of $1,150. For the year ended December 31, 2005, we recorded our pro rata share of net losses of the joint ventures of $131.

 

5. Property Acquisition

 

200 Franklin Square Drive

 

On September 6, 2005, we closed on the acquisition of a 100% fee interest in 200 Franklin Square Drive, located in Somerset, New Jersey. The property is a two hundred thousand square foot building which is 100% net leased to Philips Holding USA Inc, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Royal Philips Electronics, through December 2021. The property was acquired for a purchase price of $50,250, excluding closing costs, and financed with a $41,000, 10-year, fixed-rate first mortgage loan.

 

The following is a schedule of future minimum rent payments to be received under the lease with Philips Holding USA Inc.:

 

 

 

Rent
Payments

 

2006

 

$

3,300

 

2007

 

3,581

 

2008

 

3,581

 

2009

 

3,581

 

2010

 

3,581

 

Thereafter

 

42,116

 

 

 

$

59,740

 

 

6. Junior Subordinated Debentures

 

On May 20, 2005 we completed the issuance of $50,000 in unsecured trust preferred securities through a newly formed Delaware statutory

 

69



 

trust, Gramercy Capital Trust I, or GCTI, that is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Operating Partnership. The securities bear interest at a fixed rate of 7.57% for the first ten years ending June 2015. Thereafter the rate will float based on the three-month LIBOR plus 300 basis points.

 

On August 9, 2005 we completed an additional issuance of $50,000 in unsecured trust preferred securities through a separate newly formed Delaware statutory trust, Gramercy Capital Trust II, or GCTII, that is also a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Operating Partnership. The securities bear interest at a fixed rate of 7.75% for the first ten years ending October 2015. Thereafter the rate will float based on the three-month LIBOR plus 300 basis points.

 

Both issuances of trust preferred securities require quarterly interest distributions; however, payments may be deferred while the interest expense is accrued for a period of up to four consecutive quarters if the Operating Partnership exercises its right to defer such payments. The trust preferred securities are redeemable, at the option of the Operating Partnership, in whole or in part, with no prepayment premium any time after June 30, 2010 for the securities issued in May 2005, and October 30, 2010 for the securities issued in August 2005.

 

GCTI and GCTII each issued $1,550 aggregate liquidation amount of common securities, representing 100% of the voting common stock of GCTI and GCTII to the Operating Partnership for a total purchase price of $3,100. GCTI and GCTII used the proceeds from the sale of the trust preferred securities and the common securities to purchase the Operating Partnership’s junior subordinated notes. The terms of the junior subordinated notes match the terms of the trust preferred securities. The notes are subordinate and junior in right of payment to all present and future senior indebtedness and certain other of our financial obligations. We realized net proceeds from each offering of approximately $48,956.

 

Our interests in GCTI and GCTII are accounted for using the equity method and the assets and liabilities of GCTI and GCTII are not consolidated into our financial statements. Interest on the junior subordinated notes is included in interest expense on our consolidated income statements while the junior subordinated notes are presented as a separate item in our consolidated balance sheet.

 

In January 2006 we completed an additional issuance of $50,000 in unsecured trust preferred securities as outlined in Note 23.

 

7. Collateralized Debt Obligations

 

On July 14, 2005, we issued approximately $1,000,000 of CDOs through two newly-formed indirect subsidiaries, Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2005-1 Ltd., or the Issuer, and Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2005-1 LLC, or the Co-Issuer. The CDO consists of $810,500 of investment grade notes, and $84,500 of non-investment grade notes, which were co-issued by the Issuer and the Co-Issuer, and $105,000 of preferred shares, which were issued by the Issuer. We retained all non-investment grade securities, the preferred shares and the common shares in the Issuer. The Issuer holds assets, consisting primarily of whole loans, subordinate interests in whole loans, mezzanine loans and preferred equity investments, which serve as collateral for the CDO. The investment grade notes were issued with floating rate coupons with a combined weighted average rate of three-month LIBOR plus 0.49%. The CDO may be replenished, pursuant to certain rating agency guidelines relating to credit quality and diversification, with substitute collateral for loans that are repaid during the first five years of the CDO. Thereafter, the CDO securities will be retired in sequential order from senior-most to junior-most as loans are repaid. We incurred approximately $11,770 of issuance costs, which is amortized on a level- yield basis over the average life of the CDO. The Issuer is consolidated in our financial statements. The investment grade notes are treated as a secured financing, and are non-recourse to us. Proceeds from the sale of the investment grade notes issued were used to repay substantially all outstanding debt under our repurchase agreements and to fund additional investments. The CDO was collateralized by investments with a carrying value of $955,287 at December 31, 2005.

 

8. Debt Obligations

 

Repurchase and Credit Facilities

 

We have three facilities: one repurchase facility and one credit facility with Wachovia or one or more of its affiliates and one repurchase facility with Goldman Sachs.

 

The first facility with Wachovia is a $500,000 repurchase facility. This facility was increased to $350,000 from $250,000 effective January 3, 2005, and subsequently increased to $500,000 effective April 22, 2005. As part of the April 2005 increase to $500,000, the initial term of the facility was modified to reflect staggered maturities in which $250,000 matures in August 2007, $150,000 matures in December 2007 and the remaining $100,000 matures in June 2008. Also in conjunction with the April 2005 increase, the $50,000 repurchase facility we previously maintained with Wachovia was consolidated into the $500,000 repurchase facility. The $500,000 facility bears interest at spreads of 1.15% to 3.50% over a 30-day LIBOR and, based on our expected investment activities, provides

 

70



 

for advance rates that vary from 60% to 100% based upon the collateral provided under a borrowing base calculation. The lender has a consent right to the inclusion of investments in this facility, determines periodically the market value of the investments, and has the right to require additional collateral if the estimated market value of the included investments declines. We had no accrued interest and borrowings of $67,717 at a weighted average spread to LIBOR of 1.50% and $238,885 at a weighted average spread to LIBOR of 1.99% under this facility at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. We can utilize the $25,000 revolving credit facility described below to fund requirements for additional collateral pursuant to the repurchase facility or to fund the acquisition of assets.

 

Borrowings under the Wachovia facility at December 31, 2005 and 2004 were secured by the following investments:

 

 

 

Carrying Value (1)

 

Investment Type

 

2005

 

2004

 

Whole loans

 

$

33,223

 

$

113,216

 

Subordinate interests in whole loans

 

74,689

 

200,745

 

CDO securities

 

49,500

(2)

 

CMBS

 

 

10,898

 

 

 

$

157,412

 

$

324,859

 

 


(1)          Approximates fair value.

(2)          Represents the BB rated securities in our CDO that were retained by us.

 

The second facility with Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC and its affiliates is a $25,000 revolving credit facility with a term of two years. Amounts drawn under this facility for liquidity purposes bear interest at a rate equal to a spread over LIBOR of 525 basis points. Amounts drawn under this facility for acquisition purposes bear interest at a spread over LIBOR of 225 basis points. Amounts drawn under this facility for liquidity purposes must be repaid within 105 days. Amounts drawn under this facility generally will be secured by assets established under a borrowing base calculation unless certain financial covenants are satisfied. These covenants are generally more restrictive than those set forth below. At December 31, 2005 and 2004 we had no borrowings under this facility.

 

We have an additional repurchase facility of $200,000 with Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, an affiliate of Goldman Sachs & Co. This facility has an initial term of three years expiring in January 2008 with one six-month extension option. This facility bears interest at spreads of 1.00% to 2.75% over a 30-day LIBOR and, based on our expected investment activities, provides for advance rates that vary from 40% to 85% based upon the collateral provided under a borrowing base calculation. As with the Wachovia facility, the lender has a consent right to the inclusion of investments in this facility, determines periodically the market value of the investments, and has the right to require additional collateral if the estimated market value of the included investments declines. We had accrued interest of $163 and borrowings of $49,649 under this facility at a weighted average spread to LIBOR of 1.71% at December 31, 2005.

 

Borrowings under the Goldman facility at December 31, 2005 and 2004 were secured by the following investments:

 

 

 

Carrying Value (1)

 

Investment Type

 

2005

 

2004

 

Whole loans

 

$

59,457

 

$

 

 

 

$

59,457

 

$

 

 


(1)          Approximates fair value.

 

The terms of both of our repurchase facilities and our credit facility include covenants that (a) limit our maximum total indebtedness to no more than 85% of total assets, (b) require us to maintain minimum liquidity of at least $10,000 for the first two years and $15,000 thereafter, (c) our fixed charge coverage ratio shall at no time be less than 1.50 to 1.00, (d) our minimum interest coverage ratio shall at no time be less than 1.75 to 1.00, (e) require us to maintain minimum tangible net worth of not less than the greater of (i) $129,750, or (i) plus (ii) 75% of the proceeds of our subsequent equity issuances and (f) restrict the maximum amount of our total indebtedness. The covenants also restrict us from making distributions in excess of a maximum of 103% of our funds from operations (as defined by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts) through July 2005 and 100% thereafter, except that we may in any case pay

 

71



 

distributions necessary to maintain our REIT status. Under our facility with Wachovia an event of default will be triggered if GKK Manager LLC ceases to be the Manager. As of December 31, 2005, we were in compliance with all such covenants.

 

The revolving credit facility and the repurchase facilities require that we pay down borrowings under these facilities as principal payments on the loans and investments pledged to these facilities are received.

 

In certain circumstances, we have purchased debt investments from a counterparty and subsequently financed the acquisition of those debt investments through repurchase agreements with the same counterparty. We currently record the acquisition of the debt investments as assets and the related repurchase agreements as financing liabilities gross on the consolidated balance sheets. Interest income earned on the debt investments and interest expense incurred on the repurchase obligations are reported gross on the consolidated income statements. However, under a certain technical interpretation of FAS 140, such transactions may not qualify as a purchase by us.  We believe, and it is industry practice, that we are accounting for these transactions in an appropriate manner.  However, the result of this technical interpretation would prevent us from presenting the debt investments and repurchase agreements and the related interest income and interest expense on a gross basis on our financial statements. Instead, we would present the net investment in these transactions with the counterparty and a derivative with the corresponding change in fair value of the derivative being recorded through earnings. The value of the derivative would reflect changes in the value of the underlying debt investments and changes in the value of the underlying credit provided by the counterparty.

 

Mortgage Loan

 

We have one consolidated interest-only mortgage loan of $41,000 that bears interest at a fixed rate of 4.90% and has a term of ten years, resulting in a balloon payment in 2015. This mortgage was used to finance our acquisition of 200 Franklin Square Drive for approximately $50,250, excluding closing costs, in September 2005.

 

Combined aggregate principal maturities of our CDO, repurchase facilities, trust preferred securities, mortgage note payable and revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2005 are as follows:

 

 

 

Collateralized
Debt Obligations

 

Repurchase Facilities

 

Trust Preferred Securities

 

Mortgage
Note
Payable

 

Revolving
Credit
Facility

 

Total

 

2006

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

2007

 

 

67,717

 

 

 

 

67,717

 

2008

 

 

49,649

 

 

 

 

49,649

 

2009

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2010

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Thereafter

 

810,500

 

 

100,000

 

41,000

 

 

951,500

 

 

 

$

810,500

 

$

117,366

 

$

100,000

 

$

41,000

 

 

$

1,068,866

 

 

9. Operating Partnership Agreement / Manager

 

At December 31, 2005, we owned all of the Class A limited partnership interests in our Operating Partnership. At December 31, 2005, the majority of the Class B limited partnership interests were owned by our Manager and SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. Interests were also held by certain officers and employees of SL Green Realty Corp., including some of whom are among our executive officers, which interests are subject to performance thresholds.

 

At December 31, 2005, the majority of the interests in our Manager were held by SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. Interests were also held by certain officers and employees of SL Green Realty Corp., including some of whom are among our executive officers, which interests are subject to performance thresholds.

 

10. Related Party Transactions

 

In connection with our initial public offering, we entered into a management agreement with our Manager, which provides for an initial

 

72



 

term through December 2007 with automatic one-year extension options and is subject to certain termination rights. We pay the Manager an annual management fee equal to 1.75% of our gross stockholders equity (as defined in the management agreement) inclusive of the trust preferred securities issued on May 20, 2005 and August 9, 2005. We realized expense to the Manager under this agreement of an aggregate of approximately $6,337 for the year ended December 31, 2005 and approximately $1,349 for the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004.

 

At December 31, 2005, the majority of the Class B limited partnership interests were owned by our Manager and SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. Interests were also held by certain officers and employees of SL Green Realty Corp., including some of whom are among our executive officers, which interests are subject to performance thresholds. To provide an incentive for the Manager to enhance the value of the common stock, the holders of the Class B limited partner interests of the Operating Partnership are entitled to an incentive return equal to 25% of the amount by which funds from operations (as defined in the partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership) plus certain accounting gains exceed the product of our weighted average stockholders equity (as defined in the partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership) multiplied by 9.5% (divided by 4 to adjust for quarterly calculations). We will record any distributions on the Class B limited partner interests as an incentive distribution expense in the period when earned and when payments of such amounts have become probable and reasonably estimable in accordance with the partnership agreement. We realized approximately $2,276 of incentive distribution expense for the year ended December 31, 2005.

 

We are obligated to reimburse the Manager for its costs incurred under an asset servicing agreement between our Manager and an affiliate of SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. and a separate outsourcing agreement between our Manager and SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. The asset servicing agreement provides for an annual fee payable to SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. by us of 0.15% of the carrying value of our investments, which amount SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. has agreed to reduce for certain investments and which fee may be further reduced by SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. for fees paid directly to outside servicers by us. The outsourcing agreement currently provides for a fee payable by us of $1,288 per year, increasing 3% annually over the prior year. For the year ended December 31, 2005 and the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004, we realized expense of an aggregate of $1,266 and $521, respectively, to our Manager under the outsourcing agreement. For the year ended December 31, 2005 and the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004, we realized expense of an aggregate of $1,037 and $95 to our Manager under the asset servicing agreement, respectively.

 

In connection with the closing of our CDO in July 2005, the Issuer entered into a collateral management agreement with the Manager. Pursuant to the collateral management agreement, the Manager has agreed to provide certain advisory and administrative services in relation to the collateral debt securities and other eligible investments securing the CDO notes. The collateral management agreement provides for a senior collateral management fee, payable quarterly in accordance with the priority of payments as set forth in the indenture, equal to 0.15% per annum of the net outstanding portfolio balance, and an additional subordinate collateral management fee, payable quarterly in accordance with the priority of payments as set forth in the indenture, equal to 0.25% per annum of the net outstanding portfolio balance. Net outstanding portfolio balance is the sum of the (i) aggregate principal balance of the collateral debt securities, excluding defaulted securities, (ii) aggregate principal balance of all principal proceeds held as cash and eligible investments in certain accounts, and (iii) with respect to the defaulted securities, the calculation amount of such defaulted securities. As compensation for the performance of its obligations as collateral manager, our Board of Directors has allocated to the Manager the portion of the subordinate collateral management fee paid on securities not held by us. The senior collateral management fee and balance of the subordinate collateral management fee is allocated to us. For the year ended December 31, 2005 we realized expense of $944 to the Manager under the collateral management agreement.

 

In connection with the 5,500 shares of common stock that were sold on December 3, 2004 and settled on December 31, 2004 and January 3, 2005 in a private placement, we agreed to pay the Manager a fee of $1,000 as compensation for financial advisory, structuring and costs incurred on our behalf. This fee was recorded as a reduction in the proceeds of the private placement. Apart from legal fees and stock clearing charges totaling $245, no other fees were paid by us to an investment bank, broker/dealer or other financial advisor in connection with the private placement, resulting in total costs of 1.3% of total gross proceeds.

 

On April 29, 2005, we closed on a $57,503 initial investment in a joint venture with SL Green to acquire, own and operate the South Building located at One Madison Avenue, New York, New York, or the Property. The joint venture, which was created to acquire, own and operate the Property, is owned 45% by a wholly-owned subsidiary of us and 55% by a wholly-owned subsidiary of SL Green. The joint venture interests are pari passu. Also on April 29, 2005, the joint venture completed the acquisition of the Property from

 

73



 

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company for the purchase price of approximately $802,800 plus closing costs, financed in part through a $690,000 first mortgage loan on the Property. The Property comprises approximately 1.2 million square feet and is almost entirely net leased to CS pursuant to a lease with a 15-year remaining term.

 

Commencing May 1, 2005 we are party to a lease agreement with SLG Graybar Sublease LLC, an affiliate of SL Green, for our corporate offices at 420 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York. The lease is for approximately five thousand square feet with an option to lease an additional approximately two thousand square feet and carries a term of ten years with rents on the entire seven thousand square feet of approximately $249 per annum for year one rising to $315 per annum in year ten. For the year ended December 31, 2005 we paid $90 under this lease.

 

Bright Star Couriers LLC, or Bright Star, provides messenger services to us. Bright Star is owned by Gary Green, a son of Stephen L. Green, our Chairman. The aggregate amount of fees paid by us for such services for the year ended December 31, 2005 was approximately $3, and less than $1 for the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004.

 

SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. has invested $75,000 and $6,100 in preferred equity interests that are subordinate to two of our investments with book values of $29,026 and $6,441, respectively, as of December 31, 2005. SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. had invested $75,000 in a preferred equity interest that was subordinate to our investment with a book value of $68,879 as of December 31, 2004.

 

On July 14, 2005, we closed on the purchase from an SL Green affiliate of a $40,000 mezzanine loan which bears interest at 11.20%. As part of that sale, the seller retained an interest-only participation. We have determined that the yield on our mezzanine loan after giving effect to the interest-only participation retained by the seller is at market. The mezzanine loan is secured by the equity interests in an office property in New York, New York.

 

11. Deferred Costs

 

Deferred costs at December 31, 2005 and 2004 consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

Deferred financing

 

$

20,553

 

$

2,334

 

Deferred acquisition

 

2,210

 

215

 

 

 

22,763

 

2,549

 

Less accumulated amortization

 

(3,381

)

(316

)

 

 

$

19,382

 

$

2,233

 

 

Deferred financing costs relate to our existing repurchase and credit facilities with Wachovia and Goldman Sachs, our CDO, the trust preferred securities and our mortgage note. These costs are amortized on a straight-line basis to interest expense based on the remaining term of the related financing.

 

Deferred acquisition costs consist of fees and direct costs incurred to originate our investments and are amortized using the effective yield method over the related term of the investment.

 

12. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The following discussion of fair value was determined by our Manager, using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. Considerable judgment is necessary to interpret market data and develop estimated fair value. Accordingly, fair values are not necessarily indicative of the amounts we could realize on disposition of the financial instruments. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on estimated fair value amounts.

 

Cash equivalents, accrued interest, and accounts payable balances reasonably approximate their fair values due to the short maturities of these items. The carrying value of our CDO, repurchase and credit facilities approximate fair value because they bear interest at floating rates, which we believe, for facilities with a similar risk profile, reasonably approximate market rates. Our junior subordinated debentures reasonably approximate fair value based upon the amount at which similarly issued instruments have been valued. Our

 

74



 

fixed rate mortgage payable is carried at its unpaid principal balance, which approximates fair value due to the short period of time the note has been outstanding. Loans and commercial mortgage backed securities are carried at amounts, which reasonably approximate their fair value as determined by our Manager.

 

The fair value of our fixed-rate debt investments as determined by our Manager in consultation with market dealers of such instruments as of December 31, 2005 are as follows:

 

 

 

Carrying
Value

 

Fair Value

 

Fixed-rate debt investments

 

$

186,786

 

$

192,246

 

 

Disclosure about fair value of financial instruments is based on pertinent information available to us at December 31, 2005. Although we are not aware of any factors that would significantly affect the reasonable fair value amounts, such amounts have not been comprehensively revalued for purposes of these financial statements since that date and current estimates of fair value may differ significantly from the amounts presented herein.

 

13. Stockholders’ Equity

 

Common Stock

 

Our authorized capital stock consists of 125,000,000 shares, $0.001 par value, of which we have authorized the issuance of up to 100,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, and 25,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share.

 

As of the date of our formation, April 12, 2004, we had 500,000 shares of common stock outstanding valued at approximately $200. On August 2, 2004 we completed our initial public offering of 12,500,000 shares of common stock resulting in net proceeds of approximately $172,900, which was used to fund investments and commence our operations. As of December 31, 2005, 338,000 restricted shares had also been issued under our 2004 Equity Incentive Plan, or the Equity Incentive Plan. These shares have a vesting period of three to four years and are not entitled to receive distributions declared by us on our common stock until such time as the shares have vested, or the shares have been designated to receive dividends by the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors.

 

On December 3, 2004 we sold 5,500,000 shares of common stock, at a price of $17.27 per share, resulting in net proceeds of approximately $93,740 under a private placement exemption from the registration requirements of Section 5 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. A total of 4,225,000 shares were sold to various institutional investors and an additional 1,275,000 shares were sold to SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. pursuant to its contractual right to choose to maintain a 25% ownership interest in the outstanding shares of our common stock. Of the 5,500,000 shares sold, 2,000,000 shares were settled on December 31, 2004 and the remaining 3,500,000 shares were settled on January 3, 2005. The value of the shares settled on January 3, 2005 were reflected as a stock subscription receivable for financial statement purposes as of December 31, 2004.

 

On September 14, 2005 we sold 3,833,333 shares of common stock, at a price of $25.80 per share, resulting in net proceeds of approximately $97,830. A total of 2,875,000 shares were sold through public offering and an additional 958,333 shares were sold to SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. pursuant to its contractual right to choose to maintain a 25% ownership interest in our outstanding shares of common stock. After this offering, SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. owned 5,668,333 shares of our common stock. Net proceeds were used for acquisitions, repayment of outstanding principal under one of our repurchase facilities and general corporate purposes.

 

In August 2005 our $350,000 shelf registration statement was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC.  This registration statement provides us with the ability to issue common and preferred stock, depository shares and warrants.  We currently have $251,100 available under the shelf.

 

As of December 31, 2005, 22,802,642 shares of common stock and no shares of preferred stock were issued and outstanding.

 

75



 

Equity Incentive Plan

 

As part of our initial public offering we instituted our Equity Incentive Plan. The Equity Incentive Plan, as amended, authorizes (i) the grant of stock options that qualify as incentive stock options under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or ISOs, (ii) the grant of stock options that do not qualify, or NQSOs, (iii) the grant of stock options in lieu of cash directors’ fees and (iv) grants of shares of restricted and unrestricted common stock. The exercise price of stock options will be determined by the compensation committee, but may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the shares of common stock on the date of grant. At December 31, 2005, approximately 1,077,431 shares of common stock were available for issuance under the Equity Incentive Plan.

 

Management and outsourcing fees paid to the Manager and SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. are sufficient to reimburse the Manager and SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. for the applicable compensation, including payroll taxes, of the employees who provide services to Gramercy pursuant to the confirmatory addendum to the Management Agreement between Gramercy, the Manager and the Operating Partnership.  These awardees are considered co-leased employees. Options granted under the Equity Incentive Plan to awardees who are co-leased employees of Gramercy are exercisable at the fair market value on the date of grant and, subject to termination of employment, expire ten years from the date of grant, are not transferable other than on death, and are exercisable in three to four annual installments commencing one year from the date of grant. In some instances, options may be granted under the Equity Incentive Plan to persons who provide significant services to us or our affiliates, but are not considered co-leased employees because compensation for their services is not covered by our management agreement or outsourcing agreement. Options granted to awardees that are not co-leased employees have the same terms as those issued to co-leased employees except as it relates to any performance-based provisions within the grant. To the extent there are performance provisions associated with a grant to an awardee who is not a co-leased employee, an estimated expense related to these options is recognized over the vesting period and the final expense is reconciled at the point performance has been met, or the measurement date. If no performance based provision exists, the fair value of the options is calculated on a quarterly basis and the related expense is recognized over the vesting period.

 

A summary of the status of our stock options as of December 31, 2005 and 2004 are presented below:

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

Options
Outstanding

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

 

Options
Outstanding

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

 

Balance at beginning of year

 

640,500

 

$

15.05

 

 

$

 

Granted

 

236,000

 

$

19.62

 

640,500

 

$

15.05

 

Exercised

 

(131,249

)

$

15.01

 

 

$

 

Lapsed or cancelled

 

(11,667

)

$

18.20

 

 

$

 

Balance at end of period

 

733,584

 

$

16.47

 

640,500

 

$

15.05

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options exercisable at end of year

 

61,830

 

$

15.13

 

 

$

 

Weighted average fair value of options granted during the year ended December 31, 2005 and the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004

 

$

249

 

 

 

 

$

262

 

 

 

 

All options were granted within a price range of $15.00 to $23.53. The remaining weighted average contractual life of the options was 8.83 years. Compensation expense of $172 and $23 was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2005 and the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004, respectively, related to the issuance of stock options.

 

Through December 31, 2005, 338 restricted shares had been issued under the Equity Incentive Plan, of which 32% have vested. Of the 338 restricted shares issued, 313 shares were issued in 2004 and 25 shares were issued in 2005 at a weighted average fair value of $2,838 and $523, respectively. The unvested shares are not currently entitled to receive distributions declared by us on our common stock until such time as the shares have vested. Unvested shares may be entitled to receive dividends at the discretion of the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors. Holders of restricted shares are prohibited from selling such shares until they vest but are provided the ability to vote such shares beginning on the date of grant. Compensation expense of $1,577 and $381 was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2005 and the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004, respectively, related to the issuance of restricted shares.

 

76



 

Outperformance Plan

 

In June 2005, the compensation committee of our board of directors approved a long-term incentive compensation program, the 2005 Outperformance Plan. Participants in the 2005 Outperformance Plan, all of whom are co-leased employees, will share in a “performance pool” if our total return to stockholders for the period from June 1, 2005 through May 31, 2008 exceeds a cumulative total return to stockholders of 30% during the measurement period over a base share price of $20.21 per share. The size of the pool will be 10% of the outperformance amount in excess of the 30% benchmark, subject to a maximum limit equal to the lesser of 4% of our outstanding shares and units of limited partnership interest as of the end of the performance period or 1,200,000 shares. If our total return to stockholders from June 1, 2005 to any subsequent date exceeds 80% and remains at that level or higher for 30 consecutive days, then a minimum performance pool will be established. In the event the potential performance pool reaches the maximum dilution cap before May 31, 2008 and remains at that level or higher for 30 consecutive days, the performance period will end early and the pool will be formed on the last day of such 30 day period. Each participant’s award under the 2005 Outperformance Plan is designated as a specified percentage of the aggregate performance pool to be allocated to such participant assuming the 30% benchmark is achieved. Individual awards under the 2005 Outperformance Plan will be made in the form of partnership units, or LTIP Units, that may ultimately become exchangeable for shares of our common stock or cash, at our election. LTIP Units will be granted prior to the determination of the performance pool; however, they will only vest upon satisfaction of performance and other thresholds, and will not be entitled to distributions until after the performance pool, or minimum performance pool, is established. The 2005 Outperformance Plan provides that if a pool is established, each participant will also be entitled to the distributions that would have been paid on the number of LTIP Units earned, had they been issued at the beginning of the performance period. Those distributions will be paid in the form of additional LTIP Units. Once a performance pool has been established, the earned LTIP Units will receive regular quarterly distributions on a per unit basis equal to the dividends per share paid on our common stock, whether or not they are vested. Any LTIP Units that are not earned upon the establishment of the performance pool will be automatically forfeited, and the LTIP Units that are earned will be subject to time-based vesting, with 50% of the LTIP Units earned vesting in May 2009 and the balance vesting one year later based on continued employment with the Manager or SL Green.   We will record the expense of the restricted stock award in accordance with FASB Statement No. 123, or SFAS 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.”  Compensation expense of $1.2 million was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2005 related to the 2005 Outperformance Plan.

 

Deferred Stock Compensation Plan for Directors

 

Under our Independent Director’s Deferral Program, which commenced April 2005, our independent directors may elect to defer up to 100% of their annual retainer fee, chairman fees and meeting fees.  Unless otherwise elected by a participant, fees deferred under the program shall be credited in the form of phantom stock units.  The phantom stock units are convertible into an equal number of shares of common stock upon such directors’ termination of service from the Board of Directors or a change in control by us, as defined by the program.  Phantom stock units are credited to each independent director quarterly using the closing price of our common stock on the applicable dividend record date for the respective quarter.  Each participating independent director who elects to receive fees in the form of phantom stock units has the option to have their account credited for an equivalent amount of phantom stock units based on the dividend rate for each quarter or have dividends paid in cash.

 

As of December 31, 2005 there were approximately 2,228 phantom stock units outstanding.

 

77



 

Earnings per Share

 

Earnings per share year ended December 31, 2005 and the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004 is computed as follows:

 

Numerator (Income)

 

For the Year
Ended
December 31,
2005

 

For the Period
April 12, 2004
(formation)
through
December 31,

2004

 

 

 

 

Basic Earnings:

 

 

 

 

 

Net income available to common stockholders

 

$

31,371

 

$

2,052

 

Effect of dilutive securities

 

 

 

Diluted Earnings:

 

 

 

 

 

Net income available to common stockholders

 

$

31,371

 

$

2,052

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Denominator (Weighted Average Shares)

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

 

 

 

 

Shares available to common stockholders

 

20,027

 

13,348

 

Effect of Diluted Securities:

 

 

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation plans

 

752

 

63

 

Phantom stock units

 

2

 

 

Diluted Shares

 

20,781

 

13,411

 

 

14. Minority Interest

 

At December 31, 2005, we owned all of the Class A limited partnership interests in our Operating Partnership. At December 31, 2005, the majority of the Class B limited partnership interests were owned by our Manager and SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P. Interests were also held by certain officers and employees of SL Green Realty Corp., including some of whom are among our executive officers, which interests are subject to performance thresholds.

 

15. Benefit Plans

 

We do not maintain a defined benefit pension plan, post-retirement health and welfare plan, 401(k) plan or other benefits plans as we do not have any employees. These benefits are provided to its employees by our Manager, a majority-owned subsidiary of SL Green.

 

16. Commitments and Contingencies

 

We and our Operating Partnership are not presently involved in any material litigation nor, to our knowledge, is any material litigation threatened against us or our investments, other than routine litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. Management believes the costs, if any, incurred by us and our Operating Partnership related to litigation will not materially affect our financial position, operating results or liquidity.

 

Our corporate offices at 420 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York are subject to an operating lease agreement with SLG Graybar Sublease LLC, an affiliate of SL Green, effective May 1, 2005. The lease is for approximately five thousand square feet with an option to lease an additional approximately two thousand square feet and carries a term of ten years with rents on the entire seven thousand square feet of approximately $249 per annum for year one rising to $315 per annum in year ten.

 

78



 

The following is a schedule of future minimum lease payments under our operating lease as of December 31, 2005.

 

 

 

Operating Lease

 

2006

 

$

252

 

2007

 

256

 

2008

 

261

 

2009

 

265

 

2010

 

283

 

Thereafter

 

1,351

 

Total minimum lease payments

 

$

2,668

 

 

17.       Financial Instruments: Derivatives and Hedging

 

FASB No. 133, or SFAS 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” which became effective January 1, 2001, requires Gramercy to recognize all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. Derivatives that are not hedges must be adjusted to fair value through income. If a derivative is a hedge, depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative will either be offset against the change in fair value of the hedged asset, liability, or firm commitment through earnings, or recognized in other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative’s change in fair value will be immediately recognized in earnings. SFAS 133 may increase or decrease reported net income and stockholders’ equity prospectively, depending on future levels of LIBOR interest rates and other variables affecting the fair values of derivative instruments and hedged items, but will have no effect on cash flows, provided the contract is carried through to full term.

 

The following table summarizes the notional and fair value of our derivative financial instrument at December 31, 2005. All derivative instruments with the exception of the $15,500 swap which was entered in contemplation of a future sale transaction, have been designated as cash flow hedges. The notional value is an indication of the extent of our involvement in this instrument at that time, but does not represent exposure to credit, interest rate or market risks (in thousands):

 

 

 

Benchmark Rate

 

Notional
Value

 

Strike
Rate

 

Effective
Date

 

Expiration
Date

 

Fair
Value

 

Interest Rate Swap

 

3 month LIBOR

 

$

40,000

 

4.42

%

7/2005

 

2/2014

 

$

905

 

Interest Rate Swap

 

1 month LIBOR

 

 

26,235

 

4.188

%

6/2005

 

6/2010

 

588

 

Interest Rate Swap

 

1 month LIBOR

 

 

3,465

 

3.30

%(1)

7/2005

(1)

2/2006

(1)

60

 

Interest Rate Swap

 

1 month LIBOR

 

 

31,686

 

3.855

%

7/2005

 

11/2009

 

996

 

Interest Rate Swap

 

1 month LIBOR

 

 

19,800

 

3.625

%

7/2005

 

2/2006

 

13

 

Interest Rate Swap

 

3 month LIBOR

 

 

15,500

 

5.135

%

12/2005

 

12/2015

 

(265

)

Interest Rate Swap

 

1 month LIBOR

 

 

3,960

 

4.959

%

12/2005

 

12/2015

 

(48

)

Interest Rate Cap

 

3 month LIBOR

 

 

23,713

 

5.70

%

11/2005

 

12/2007

 

20

 

Interest Rate Cap

 

1 month LIBOR

 

 

14,120

 

5.50

%

12/2005

 

1/2007

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

$

178,479

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

2,271

 

 


(1)    This swap has a step-up component with a strike rate of 4.28%, an effective date of February 2006 and an expiration of December 2009. The total fair value of the initial swap and the step-up provisions are reflected in the fair value.

 

At December 31, 2005, the derivative instruments were reported as an asset at their fair value of $2,271. Offsetting adjustments are represented as deferred gains or losses in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income of $2,851. For the year ended December 31, 2005 we recognized in interest expense $58 attributable to the ineffective component of our derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges. For the same period we reclassified through earnings (i) $376 representing the gains and losses previously reported in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, which were reclassified into earnings at the same time that the forecasted transactions affect earnings and (ii) a $280 reduction in earnings representing the change in value of undesignated derivatives which are not speculative for economic purposes. Currently, all derivative instruments are designated as effective hedging instruments with the exception of the $15,500 swap, which has not been designated. Over time, the realized and unrealized gains and losses held in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income will be reclassified into earnings in the same periods in which the hedged interest

 

79



 

payments affect earnings. We estimate that approximately $540 of the current balance held in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss will be reclassified into earnings within the next 12 months.

 

We are hedging exposure to variability in future interest payments on our debt facilities and cash flows for future transactions except in the case of swaps we may enter into from time to time, including TROR swaps, which are intended to hedge our exposure to variability in the rate of return in excess of anticipated future interest payments on that portion of our debt facilities used to fund fixed rate mortgage loan assets held as available for sale.

 

18. Income Taxes

 

We have elected to be taxed as a REIT, under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code beginning with our taxable year ending December 31, 2004. To qualify as a REIT, we must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90% of our ordinary taxable income to stockholders. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income tax on taxable income that we distribute to our stockholders. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will then be subject to federal income taxes on our taxable income at regular corporate rates and we will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for four years following the year during which qualification is lost unless the Internal Revenue Service grants us relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could materially adversely affect our net income and net cash available for distributions to stockholders. However, we believe that we are organized and will operate in such a manner as to qualify for treatment as a REIT and we intend to operate in the foreseeable future in such a manner so that we will qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. We may, however, be subject to certain state and local taxes.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2005, we recorded $900 of income tax expense in income from continuing operations for income attributable our wholly-owned taxable REIT subsidiaries. We have assumed an effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2005 of 40% taking into consideration the anticipated applicable U.S. federal statutory tax rate at December 31, 2005 of 34% and state and local taxes, net of federal tax benefit.

 

19. Environmental Matters

 

Our management believes we are in compliance in all material respects with applicable Federal, state and local ordinances and regulations regarding environmental issues. Our management is not aware of any environmental liability that it believes would have a materially adverse impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

20. Segment Reporting

 

Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 131, or “SFAS No. 131,” establishes standards for the way that public entities report information about operating segments in their annual financial statements. We are a REIT focused primarily on originating and acquiring loans and securities related to real estate and under the provisions of SFAS No. 131 currently operate in only one segment.

 

21. Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities

 

The following table represents non-cash investing and financing activities:

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

Derivative instruments at fair value

 

$

2,271

 

$

249

 

Fair value of below market leases (SFAS No.141) in connection with acquisitions

 

$

872

 

 

 

80



 

22.       Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited)

 

Quarterly data for the quarters since our initial public offering are presented below.

 

2005 Quarter Ended

 

December 31

 

September 30

 

June 30

 

March 31

 

Total revenues

 

$

32,045

 

$

26,592

 

$

18,758

 

$

10,690

 

Income from continuing operations before equity in net loss of unconsolidated joint ventures and taxes

 

11,247

 

9,587

 

8,361

 

4,566

 

Equity in net loss of unconsolidated joint ventures

 

(575

)

(510

)

(404

)

 

Income from continuing operations before provision for taxes and GKK formation costs

 

10,672

 

9,077

 

7,957

 

4,566

 

Provision for taxes

 

100

 

(500

)

(500

)

 

GKK formation costs

 

 

 

 

 

Net income available to common stockholders

 

$

10,772

 

$

8,577

 

$

7,457

 

$

4,566

 

Net income per common share - Basic

 

$

0.47

 

$

0.44

 

$

0.40

 

$

0.24

 

Net income per common share - Diluted

 

$

0.45

 

$

0.41

 

$

0.39

 

$

0.24

 

 

2004 Quarter Ended

 

December 31

 

September 30

 

Total revenues

 

$

5,679

 

$

1,472

 

Income available to common stockholders

 

$

2,041

 

$

11

 

Net income per common share-Basic

 

$

0.15

 

$

0.00

 

Net income per common share-Diluted

 

$

0.15

 

$

0.00

 

 

23.                               Subsequent Events

 

On January 27, 2006 we completed a third issuance of $50,000 in unsecured trust preferred securities through a separate newly formed Delaware statutory trust, Gramercy Capital Trust III, or GCTIII, that is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Operating Partnership. The securities bear interest at a fixed rate of 7.65% for the first ten years ending January 2016, with an effective rate of 7.43% when giving effect to the swap arrangement previously entered into in contemplation of this financing. Thereafter the rate will float based on the three-month LIBOR plus 270 basis points. The trust preferred securities require quarterly interest distributions; however, payments may be deferred while the interest expense is accrued for a period of up to four consecutive quarters if the Operating Partnership exercises its right to defer such payments. The trust preferred securities are redeemable, at the option of the Operating Partnership, in whole or in part, with no prepayment premium any time after January 30, 2011.

 

GCTIII issued $1,550 aggregate liquidation amount of common securities, representing 100% of the voting common stock of GCTIII to the Operating Partnership for a total purchase price of $1,550. GCTIII used the proceeds from the sale of the trust preferred securities and the common securities to purchase the Operating Partnership’s junior subordinated notes. The terms of the junior subordinated notes match the terms of the trust preferred securities. The notes are subordinate and junior in right of payment to all present and future senior indebtedness and certain other of our financial obligations. We realized net proceeds from the offering of approximately $48,956.

 

81



 

Gramercy Capital Corp.

Schedule IV – Mortgage Loans on Real Estate

December 31, 2005

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Description

 

Location

 

Interest Rate (1)

 

Final Maturity
Date
(2)

 

Periodic Payment
Terms

 

Prior Liens

 

Face Amount
of Loans

 

Carrying
Amount
of Loans
(3)

 

Whole Loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hotel

 

Atlanta, GA

 

LIBOR + 3.75%

 

February 2007

 

Interest only

 

$

 

$

43,000

 

$

42,415

 

Multi-family

 

New York, NY

 

LIBOR + 3.50 - LIBOR + 3.80%

 

November 2006

 

Interest only

 

 

43,137

 

43,068

 

Multi-family

 

Rancho Cucamonga, CA

 

LIBOR + 2.62%

 

July 2007

 

Interest only

 

 

49,435

 

49,435

 

Office

 

Santa Clara, CA and Milpitas, CA

 

LIBOR + 3.00%

 

August 2008

 

Interest only

 

 

51,850

 

51,371

 

Hotel

 

Various cities, CA

 

LIBOR + 3.50%

 

July 2006

 

Interest only

 

 

55,900

 

55,900

 

Whole loans < 3%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

418,102

 

413,647

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

661,424

 

655,836

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subordinate Interests in Whole Loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Office:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

B Note

 

New York, NY

 

LIBOR + 4.25%

 

August 2007

 

Interest only

 

80,000

 

50,000

 

49,583

 

Multi-family:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

B Note

 

Various states

 

LIBOR + 2.00% (4)

 

August 2007

 

Interest only

 

345,000

 

75,000

 

74,689

 

Subordinate interests in whole loans
< 3%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,475,714

 

282,313

 

275,815

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,900,714

 

407,313

 

400,087

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mezzanine Loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Office (5)

 

New York, NY

 

8.42%

 

February 2014

 

Interest only

 

184,000

 

40,000

 

40,029

 

Mezzanine loans
< 3%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,917,000

 

86,311

 

86,116

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,101,000

 

126,311

 

126,145

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred equity < 3%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

46,331

 

24,000

 

23,677

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

5,048,045

 

$

1,219,048

 

$

1,205,745

 

 


(1) All variable-rate loans are based on 30-day LIBOR and reprice monthly.

(2) Reflects the initial maturity of the investment and does not consider any options to extend that are at the discretion of the borrower.

(3) No mortgage loans are delinquent with respect to principal or interest.

(4) The effective yield of the investment is LIBOR + 2.60% taking into consideration our purchase discount.

(5) Purchased from an SL Green affiliate.

 

82



 

ITEM  9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

 

None.

 

ITEM  9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure based closely on the definition of “disclosure controls and procedures” in Rule 13a-15(e). In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Also, we have investments in certain unconsolidated entities. As we do not control these entities, our disclosure controls and procedures with respect to such entities are necessarily substantially more limited than those we maintain with respect to our consolidated subsidiaries.

 

As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.

 

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

We are responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f).  Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 based on the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).  Based on that evaluation, we concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2005.

 

Management’s assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included elsewhere herein.

 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

There have been no significant changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the year ended December 31, 2005 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reports.

 

ITEM  9B. OTHER INFORMATION

 

None.

 

83



 

PART III

 

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

 

The information set forth under the captions “Election of Directors” and “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management – Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” and the information regarding a code of ethics in our Definitive Proxy Statement for our 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, prior to April 30, 2006 (the “2006 Proxy Statement”), is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE AND DIRECTOR COMPENSATION

 

The information set forth under the captions “Election of Directors – Director Compensation” and “Executive Compensation” in the 2006 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

 

The information set forth under the captions “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in the 2006 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

 

The information set forth under the caption “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” in the 2006 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

 

The information regarding principal accounting fees and services and the audit committee’s pre-approval policies and procedures required by this Item 14 is incorporated herein by reference to the 2006 Proxy Statement.

 

84



 

PART IV

 

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K

 

(a)(1) Consolidated Financial Statements

 

GRAMERCY CAPITAL CORP.

 

 

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2005 and 2004

 

Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended December 31, 2005 and the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004

 

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the year ended December 31, 2005 and the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the year ended December 31, 2004 and the period from April 12, 2004 (formation) through December 31, 2004

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

 

(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules

 

 

 

Schedule IV-Mortgage Loans on Real Estate as of December 31, 2005

 

 

 

Schedules other than those listed are omitted as they are not applicable or the required or equivalent information has been included in the financial statements or notes thereto.

 

 

 

(a)(3) Exhibits

 

See Index to Exhibits on following page

 

 

85



 

INDEX TO EXHIBITS

 

3.1 Articles of Incorporation of the Company, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (No. 333-114673), declared effective by the Commission on July 27, 2004.

 

3.2 Bylaws of the Company, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (No. 333-114673), declared effective by the Commission on July 27, 2004.

 

4.1 Specimen Common Stock Certificate, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (No. 333-114673), declared effective by the Commission on July 27, 2004.

 

10.1 Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of GKK Capital LP, dated December 14, 2005.

 

10.2 Form of Management Agreement by and between the Company and GKK Manager LLC, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (No. 333-114673), declared effective by the Commission on July 27, 2004.

 

10.3 Form of Origination Agreement by and between the Company and SL Green Realty Corp., incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (No. 333-114673), declared effective by the Commission on July 27, 2004.

 

10.4 Form of Asset Servicing Agreement by and between GKK Manager LLC and SLG Gramercy Services LLC, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (No. 333-114673), declared effective by the Commission on July 27, 2004.

 

10.5 Form of Outsource Agreement by and between GKK Manager LLC and SLG Operating Partnership, L.P., incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (No. 333-114673), declared effective by the Commission on July 27, 2004.

 

10.6 Form of Collateral Management Agreement by and between Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2005-1, Ltd., as issuer and GKK Manager LLC, as collateral manager, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2005.

 

10.7 Form of Second Amended and Restated Master Repurchase Agreement, by and between the Company and Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2005.

 

10.8 Form of Credit Agreement, by and between the Company and Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (No. 333-114673), declared effective by the Commission on July 27, 2004.

 

10.9 Form of Master Repurchase Agreement dated as of January 3, 2005, by and between the Company and Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004.

 

10.10 Annex to the Form of Master Repurchase Agreement dated as of January 3, 2005, by and between the Company and Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004.

 

10.11 Form of Indenture by and among Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2005-1, Ltd., as issuer, Gramercy Real Estate CDO 2005-1 LLC, as co-issuer, GKK Liquidity LLC, as advancing agent and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee, paying agent, calculation agent, transfer agent, custodial securities intermediary, backup advancing agent, notes registrar, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2005.

 

10.12 Form of 2004 Equity Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (No. 333-114673), declared effective by the Commission on July 27, 2004.

 

10.13 Form of Gramercy Capital Corp. Director’s Deferral Program, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2005.

 

86



 

10.14 Form of Gramercy Capital Corp. 2005 Long-Term Outperformance Program Award Agreement, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 8-K, dated December 14, 2005 filed with the Commission on December 20, 2005.

 

10.15 Form of Employment Agreement by and between Hugh Hall and GKK Manager LLC, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004.

 

10.16 Form of Employment Agreement by and between Robert R. Foley and GKK Manager LLC, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004.

 

10.17 Form of Registration Rights Agreement, by and between various holders of the Company’s common stock and the Company, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 8-K, dated December 9, 2004, filed with the Commission on December 9, 2004.

 

10.18 Form of Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, by and between SL Green Realty Corp. and the Company, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004.

 

10.19 Form of Purchase Agreement, by and among the Company and various investors in the Company’s common stock, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 8-K, dated December 3, 2004 filed with the Commission on December 3, 2004.

 

10.20 Form of Amended and Restated Trust Agreement by and among GKK Capital LP, as depositor, JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as property trustee, Chase Bank USA, National Association, as Delaware trustee, and the administrative trustees named therein, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2005.

 

10.21 Form of Junior Subordinated Indenture between GKK Capital LP and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as trustee, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2005.

 

10.22 Form of Amended and Restated Trust Agreement among GKK Capital LP, as depositor, JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as property trustee, Chase Bank USA, National Association, as Delaware trustee, and the administrative trustees named therein, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2005.

 

10.23 Form of Junior Subordinated Indenture between GKK Capital LP and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as trustee, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2005.

 

10.24 Form of Amended and Restated Trust Agreement among GKK Capital LP, as depositor, JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as property trustee, Chase Bank USA, National Association, as Delaware trustee, and the administrative trustees named therein, dated January 27, 2006.

 

10.25 Form of Junior Subordinated Indenture between GKK Capital LP and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as trustee, dated January 27, 2006.

 

10.26 Form of Underwriting Agreement among Gramercy Capital Corp., GKK Capital LP and Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC, as underwriter, dated September 8, 2005, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 8-K, dated September 7, 2005.

 

10.27 Form of LLC Agreement, by and between GKK Madison Investment LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, and SLG Madison Investment LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of SL Green Realty Corp., incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2005.

 

21.1 Subsidiaries of the Registrant.

 

23.1 Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

 

24.1 Power of Attorney (included on signature page)

 

31.1 Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 filed herewith.

 

31.2 Certification by the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 filed herewith.

 

87



 

32.1 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 202 filed herewith.

 

32.2 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 filed herewith.

 

88



 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

GRAMERCY CAPITAL CORP.

 

 

Dated: March 13, 2006

By:

 /s/ Robert R. Foley

 

 

 

Robert R. Foley

 

 

Chief Financial Officer

 

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that we, the undersigned officers and directors of Gramercy Capital Corp. hereby severally constitute Marc Holliday and Robert R. Foley, and each of them singly, our true and lawful attorneys and with full power to them, and each of them singly, to sign for us and in our names in the capacities indicated below, the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed herewith and any and all amendments to said Annual Report on Form 10-K, and generally to do all such things in our names and in our capacities as officers and directors to enable Gramercy Capital Corp. to comply with the provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming our signatures as they may be signed by our said attorneys, or any of them, to said Annual Report on Form 10-K and any and all amendments thereto.

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

 

Signatures

 

Title

 

Date

 

 

 

/s/ Stephen L. Green

 

Chairman of the Board of Directors

March 13, 2006

Stephen L. Green

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Marc Holliday

 

Chief Executive Officer, President

March 13, 2006

Marc Holliday

 

and Director

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Robert R. Foley

 

Chief Financial Officer

March 13, 2006

Robert R. Foley

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Hugh F. Hall

 

Chief Operating Officer and Director

March 13, 2006

Hugh Hall

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Allan J. Baum

 

Director

March 13, 2006

Allan J. Baum

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Jeffrey E. Kelter

 

Director

March 13, 2006

Jeffrey E. Kelter

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Paul J. Konigsberg

 

Director

March 13, 2006

Paul J. Konigsberg

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Charles S. Laven

 

Director

March 13, 2006

Charles S. Laven

 

 

 

89


EX-10.1 2 a06-1973_1ex10d1.htm MATERIAL CONTRACTS

Exhibit 10.1


 

 

SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED

AGREEMENT OF LIMITED PARTNERSHIP

OF

GKK CAPITAL LP


Dated as of December 14, 2005

 



TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

Page

ARTICLE I DEFINED TERMS

1

ARTICLE II ORGANIZATIONAL MATTERS

11

Section 2.01. Organization

11

Section 2.02. Name

12

Section 2.03. Registered Office and Agent; Principal Office

12

Section 2.04. Term

12

ARTICLE III PURPOSE

12

Section 3.01. Purpose and Business

12

Section 3.02. Powers

12

Section 3.03. Partnership Only for Purposes Specified

13

ARTICLE IV CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS AND ISSUANCES OF PARTNERSHIP INTERESTS

13

Section 4.01. Capital Contributions of the Partners

13

Section 4.02. Issuances of Partnership Interests

14

Section 4.03. No Preemptive Rights

15

Section 4.04. Other Contribution Provisions

15

Section 4.05. No Interest on Capital

15

ARTICLE V DISTRIBUTIONS

16

Section 5.01. Requirement and Characterization of Distributions

16

Section 5.02. Amounts Withheld

17

Section 5.03. Distributions Upon Liquidation

17

Section 5.04. Revisions to Reflect Issuance of Additional Partnership Interests

17

ARTICLE VI ALLOCATIONS

17

Section 6.01. Allocations For Capital Account Purposes

17

Section 6.02. Revisions to Allocations to Reflect Issuance of Additional Partnership Interests

19

ARTICLE VII MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF BUSINESS

19

Section 7.01. Management

19

Section 7.02. Certificate of Limited Partnership

22

Section 7.03. Title to Partnership Assets

23

Section 7.04. Reimbursement of the General Partner

23

Section 7.05. Outside Activities of the General Partner

24

Section 7.06. Transactions with Affiliates

26

 

 

 

i



 

 

Page

Section 7.07. Indemnification

26

Section 7.08. Liability of the General Partner

28

Section 7.09. Other Matters Concerning the General Partner

29

Section 7.10. Reliance by Third Parties

29

Section 7.11. Restrictions on General Partner’s Authority

30

Section 7.12. Loans by Third Parties

30

ARTICLE VIII RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF LIMITED PARTNERS

30

Section 8.01. Limitation of Liability

30

Section 8.02. Management of Business

30

Section 8.03. Outside Activities of Limited Partners

31

Section 8.04. Return of Capital

31

Section 8.05. Rights of Limited Partners Relating to the Partnership

31

Section 8.06. Class A Redemption Right

32

Section 8.07. Redemption of Class B Units

34

ARTICLE IX BOOKS, RECORDS, ACCOUNTING AND REPORTS

34

Section 9.01. Records and Accounting

34

Section 9.02. Fiscal Year

35

Section 9.03. Reports

35

ARTICLE X TAX MATTERS

35

Section 10.01. Preparation of Tax Returns

35

Section 10.02. Tax Elections

35

Section 10.03. Tax Matters Partner

36

Section 10.04. Organizational Expenses

37

Section 10.05. Withholding

37

ARTICLE XI TRANSFERS AND WITHDRAWALS

38

Section 11.01. Transfer

38

Section 11.02. Transfers of Partnership Interests of General Partner

38

Section 11.03. Limited Partners’ Rights to Transfer

39

Section 11.04. Substituted Limited Partners

40

Section 11.05. Assignees

40

Section 11.06. General Provisions

41

ARTICLE XII ADMISSION OF PARTNERS

42

 

ii



 

 

 

Page

Section 12.01. Admission of Successor General Partner

42

Section 12.02. Admission of Additional Limited Partners

42

Section 12.03. Amendment of Agreement and Certificate of Limited Partnership

43

ARTICLE XIII DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION

43

Section 13.01. Dissolution

43

Section 13.02. Winding Up

44

Section 13.03. Compliance with Timing Requirements of Regulations

45

Section 13.04. Deemed Distribution and Recontribution

45

Section 13.05. Rights of Limited Partners

45

Section 13.06. Notice of Dissolution

45

Section 13.07. Cancellation of Certificate of Limited Partnership

46

Section 13.08. Reasonable Time for Winding Up

46

Section 13.09. Waiver of Partition

46

Section 13.10. Liability of Liquidator

46

ARTICLE XIV AMENDMENT OF PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT; MEETINGS

46

Section 14.01. Amendments

46

Section 14.02. Meetings of the Partners

48

ARTICLE XV GENERAL PROVISIONS

48

Section 15.01. Addresses and Notice

48

Section 15.02. Titles and Captions

49

Section 15.03. Pronouns and Plurals

49

Section 15.04. Further Action

49

Section 15.05. Binding Effect

49

Section 15.06. Creditors

49

Section 15.07. Waiver

49

Section 15.08. Counterparts

49

Section 15.09. Applicable Law

49

Section 15.10. Invalidity of Provisions

50

Section 15.11. Power of Attorney

50

Section 15.12. Entire Agreement

51

Section 15.13. No Rights as Stockholders

51

Section 15.14. Limitation to Preserve REIT Status

51

 

iii



 

 

SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED

AGREEMENT OF LIMITED PARTNERSHIP

OF

GKK CAPITAL LP

THIS SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT OF LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, dated as of December 14, 2005, is made by Gramercy Capital Corp., a Maryland corporation, as the General Partner of and a Limited Partner in the Partnership and each of the other persons listed on the signature pages hereto, for the purpose of amending and restating the First Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of the Partnership dated as of August 2, 2004 by and among the General Partner, SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P., GKK Manager LLC, and certain other Persons (as defined below) (the “First Amended and Restated Partnership Agreement”).

WHEREAS, the Partnership desires to modify the distribution provisions of the First Amended and Restated Partnership Agreement applicable to the Class B Units to reflect that certain Class B Units are unvested and, as such, are not entitled to distributions.

WHEREAS, the Partnership desires to provide for equity incentives to certain persons who provide services for the benefit of the Partnership (“Grantees”) in the form of Partnership Units which shall be designated “LTIP Units.”

WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 4.02.A of this Agreement, the Partnership is issuing LTIP Units to the Grantees.

WHEREAS, pursuant to Sections 4.02.A, 5.04, 6.02, 8.06.E and 14.01.B the General Partner is hereby amending and restating the First Amended and Restated Partnership Agreement to facilitate the issuance of the LTIP Units.

AGREEMENT

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants set forth herein, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto hereby amend and restate the First Amended and Restated Partnership Agreement as follows:

 

ARTICLE I

DEFINED TERMS

The following definitions shall be for all purposes, unless otherwise clearly indicated to the contrary, applied to the terms used in this Agreement.

“Act” means the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act, 6 Del. C. § 17-101, et seq., as it may be amended from time to time, and any successor to such statute.

“Additional Limited Partner” means a Person admitted to the Partnership as a Limited Partner pursuant to Section 12.02 hereof and who is shown as such on the books and records of the Partnership.

“Adjusted Capital Account” means the Capital Account maintained for each Partner as of the end of each Partnership Year (i) increased by any amounts which such Partner is obligated to restore pursuant to any provision of this Agreement or is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to the penultimate sentences of Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(5) and (ii) decreased by the items described in Regulations Sections1.704-l(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(5) and 1.704-l(b)(2)(ii)

 



 

(d)(6).The foregoing definition of Adjusted Capital Account is intended to comply with the provisions of Regulations Section 1.704-l(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.

“Adjusted Capital Account Deficit” means, with respect to any Partner, the deficit balance, if any, in such Partner’s Adjusted Capital Account as of the end of the relevant Partnership Year.

“Adjusted Property” means any property the Carrying Value of which has been adjusted pursuant to Exhibit B hereto.

“Adjustment Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.02.B hereof.

“Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, (i) any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with such Person, (ii) any Person owning or controlling ten percent (10%) or more of the outstanding voting interests of such Person, (iii) any Person of which such Person owns or controls ten percent (10%) or more of the voting interests or (iv) any officer, director, general partner or trustee of such Person or any Person referred to in clauses (i), (ii), and (iii) above.  For purposes of this definition, “control,” when used with respect to any Person, means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise, and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the foregoing.

“Agreed Value” means (i) in the case of any Contributed Property, the 704(c) Value of such property as of the time of its contribution to the Partnership, reduced by any liabilities either assumed by the Partnership upon such contribution or to which such property is subject when contributed; and (ii) in the case of any property distributed to a Partner by the Partnership, the Partnership’s Carrying Value of such property at the time such property is distributed, reduced by any indebtedness either assumed by such Partner upon such distribution or to which such property is subject at the time of distribution as determined under Section 752 of the Code and the Regulations thereunder.

“Agreement” means this Agreement of Limited Partnership, as it may be amended, supplemented or restated from time to time.

“Articles of Incorporation” means the Articles of Incorporation or other organizational document governing the General Partner, as amended or restated from time to time.

“Assignee” means a Person to whom one or more Partnership Units have been transferred in a manner permitted under this Agreement, but who has not become a Substituted Limited Partner, and who has the rights set forth in Section 11.05 hereof.

“Book-Tax Disparities” means, with respect to any item of Contributed Property or Adjusted Property, as of the date of any determination, the difference between the Carrying Value of such Contributed Property or Adjusted Property and the adjusted basis thereof for federal income tax purposes as of such date.  A Partner’s share of the Partnership’s Book-Tax Disparities in all of its Contributed Property and Adjusted Property will be reflected by the difference between such Partner’s Capital Account balance as maintained pursuant to Exhibit B hereto and the hypothetical balance of such Partner’s Capital Account computed as if it had been maintained, with respect to each such Contributed Property or Adjusted Property, strictly in accordance with federal income tax accounting principles.

“Business Day” means any day except a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York, New York are authorized or required by law to close.

 

 

2



 

“Capital Account” means the Capital Account maintained for a Partner pursuant to Exhibit B hereto.

“Capital Contribution” means, with respect to any Partner, any cash, cash equivalents or the Agreed Value of Contributed Property which such Partner contributes or is deemed to contribute to the Partnership pursuant to Section 4.01 or 4.02 hereof.

“Carrying Value” means (i) with respect to a Contributed Property or Adjusted Property, the 704(c) Value of such property reduced (but not below zero) by all Depreciation with respect to such Contributed Property or Adjusted Property, as the case may be, charged to the Partners’ Capital Accounts and (ii)with respect to any other Partnership property, the adjusted basis of such property for federal income tax purposes, all as of the time of determination.  The Carrying Value of any property shall be adjusted from time to time in accordance with Exhibit B hereto, and to reflect changes, additions or other adjustments to the Carrying Value for dispositions and acquisitions of Partnership properties, as deemed appropriate by the General Partner.

“Cash Amount” means an amount of cash equal to the Value on the Valuation Date of the Shares Amount.

“Certificate” means the Certificate of Limited Partnership relating to the Partnership filed in the office of the Delaware Secretary of State on April 21, 2004, as amended from time to time in accordance with the terms hereof and the Act.

“Class A Unit” means Class A Units of the Partnership.

“Class A Unit Economic Balance” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.01.D.

“Class B Distribution Percentage” means, as of a particular date, with respect to SL Green, the SLG Class B Distribution Percentage and, with respect to all other Persons, the Standard Class B Distribution Percentage.

“Class B Unit” means a profits interest issued pursuant to Section 4.02.D.

“Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended and in effect from time to time, as interpreted by the applicable Regulations thereunder.  Any reference herein to a specific section or sections of the Code shall be deemed to include a reference to any corresponding provision of future law.

“Consent” means the consent or approval of a proposed action by a Partner given in accordance with Section 14.02 hereof.

“Contributed Property” means each property or other asset contributed to the Partnership, in such form as may be permitted by the Act, but excluding cash contributed or deemed contributed to the Partnership.  Once the Carrying Value of a Contributed Property is adjusted pursuant to Exhibit B hereto, such property shall no longer constitute a Contributed Property for purposes of Exhibit B hereto, but shall be deemed an Adjusted Property for such purposes.

“Conversion Factor” means 1.0; provided that in the event that the General Partner Entity (i) declares or pays a dividend on its outstanding Shares in Shares or makes a distribution to all holders of its outstanding Shares in Shares, (ii) subdivides its outstanding Shares or (iii) combines its outstanding Shares into a smaller number of Shares, the Conversion Factor shall be adjusted by multiplying the Conversion Factor by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of Shares issued and

 

3



 

outstanding on the record date for such dividend, distribution, subdivision or combination (assuming for such purposes that such dividend, distribution, subdivision or combination has occurred as of such time) and the denominator of which shall be the actual number of Shares(determined without the above assumption) issued and outstanding on the record date for such dividend, distribution, subdivision or combination; and provided, further that in the event that an entity shall cease to be the General Partner Entity (the “Predecessor Entity”) and another entity shall become the General Partner Entity (the “Successor Entity”), the Conversion Factor shall be adjusted by multiplying the Conversion Factor by a fraction, the numerator of which is the Value of one share of the Predecessor Entity, determined as of the time immediately prior to when the Successor Entity becomes the General Partner Entity, and the denominator of which is the Value of one Share of the Successor Entity determined as of that same date.  For purposes of the second proviso in the preceding sentence, in the event that any stockholders of the Predecessor Entity will receive consideration in connection with the transaction in which the Successor Entity becomes the General Partner Entity, the numerator in the fraction described above for determining the adjustment to the Conversion Factor(that is, the Value of one Share of the Predecessor Entity) shall be the sum of the greatest amount of cash and the fair market value of any securities and other consideration that the holder of one Share in the Predecessor Entity could have received in such transaction (determined without regard to any provisions governing fractional shares). Any adjustment to the Conversion Factor shall become effective immediately after the effective date of such event retroactive to the record date, if any, for the event giving rise thereto; it being intended that (x) adjustments to the Conversion Factor are to be made in order to avoid unintended dilution or anti-dilution as a result of transactions in which Shares are issued, redeemed or exchanged without a corresponding issuance, redemption or exchange of Partnership Units and (y) if a Specified Redemption Date shall fall between the record date and the effective date of any event of the type described above, that the Conversion Factor applicable to such redemption shall be adjusted to take into account such event.

“Debt” means, as to any Person, as of any date of determination, (i) all indebtedness of such Person for borrowed money or for the deferred purchase price of property or services, (ii) all amounts owed by such Person to banks or other Persons in respect of reimbursement obligations under letters of credit, surety bonds and other similar instruments guaranteeing payment or other performance of obligations by such Person, (iii) all indebtedness for borrowed money or for the deferred purchase price of property or services secured by any lien on any property owned by such Person, to the extent attributable to such Person’s interest in such property, even though such Person has not assumed or become liable for the payment thereof, and (iv) obligations of such Person incurred in connection with entering into a lease which, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, should be capitalized.

“Depreciation” means, for each fiscal year, an amount equal to the federal income tax depreciation, amortization, or other cost recovery deduction allowable with respect to an asset for such year, except that if the Carrying Value of an asset differs from its adjusted basis for federal income tax purposes at the beginning of such year or other period, Depreciation shall be an amount which bears the same ratio to such beginning Carrying Value as the federal income tax depreciation, amortization, or other cost recovery deduction for such year bears to such beginning adjusted tax basis; provided, however, that if the federal income tax depreciation, amortization, or other cost recovery deduction for such year is zero, Depreciation shall be determined with reference to such beginning Carrying Value using any reasonable method selected by the General Partner.

“Economic Capital Account Balance” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.01.D.

“Effective Date” means the date of the closing of the General Partner’s initial public offering.

 

4



 

“Equity Award Agreement” means an equity award agreement entered into between SL Green and/or SL Green Realty Corp. and a director, officer or employee of the General Partner, the Manager, SL Green or SL Green Realty Corp. or other Person pursuant to the SL Green Realty Corp. 2005 Stock Option and Incentive Plan pursuant to which SL Green or SL Green Realty Corp. transfers Class B Units to such Person subject to forfeiture to, or repurchase at less than fair market value by, SL Green or any other Person upon the occurrence of certain events.

“ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

“Funding Debt” means the incurrence of any Debt by or on behalf of the General Partner for the purpose of providing funds to the Partnership.

“Funds From Operations” means net income computed in accordance with GAAP, excluding gains (or losses) from sales of property, plus depreciation and amortization on real estate assets, and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures.

“General Partner” means Gramercy Capital Corp., a Maryland corporation, or its successors as general partner of the Partnership.

“General Partner Entity” means the General Partner; provided, however, that if (i) the shares of common stock (or other comparable equity interests) of the General Partner are at any time not Publicly Traded and (ii) the shares of common stock (or other comparable equity interests) of an entity that owns, directly or indirectly, fifty percent (50%) or more of the shares of common stock (or other comparable equity interests) of the General Partner are Publicly Traded, the term “General Partner Entity” shall refer to such entity whose shares of common stock (or other comparable equity securities) are Publicly Traded.  If both requirements set forth in clauses (i) and (ii) above are not satisfied, then the term “General Partner Entity” shall mean the General Partner.

“General Partner Payment” has the meaning set forth in Section 15.14 hereof.

“General Partnership Interest” means a Partnership Interest held by the General Partner that is a general partnership interest.  A General Partnership Interest may be expressed as a number of Partnership Units.

“IRS” means the Internal Revenue Service, which administers the internal revenue laws of the United States.

“Immediate Family” means, with respect to any natural Person, such natural Person’s spouse, parents, descendants, nephews, nieces, brothers, and sisters.

“Incapacity” or “Incapacitated” means, (i) as to any individual Partner, death, total physical disability or entry by a court of competent jurisdiction adjudicating such Partner incompetent to manage his or her Person or estate,(ii) as to any corporation which is a Partner, the filing of a certificate of dissolution, or its equivalent, for the corporation or the revocation of its charter, (iii) as to any partnership which is a Partner, the dissolution and commencement of winding up of the partnership, (iv) as to any estate which is a Partner, the distribution by the fiduciary of the estate’s entire interest in the Partnership, (v) as to any trustee of a trust which is a Partner, the termination of the trust (but not the substitution of a new trustee) or (vi) as to any Partner, the bankruptcy of such Partner.  For purposes of this definition, bankruptcy of a Partner shall be deemed to have occurred when (a) the Partner commences a voluntary

 

5



 

proceeding seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, (b) the Partner is adjudged as bankrupt or insolvent, or a final and nonappealable order for relief under any bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law now or hereafter in effect has been entered against the Partner, (c) the Partner executes and delivers a general assignment for the benefit of the Partner’s creditors, (d) the Partner files an answer or other pleading admitting or failing to contest the material allegations of a petition filed against the Partner in any proceeding of the nature described in clause (b) above, (e) the Partner seeks, consents to or acquiesces in the appointment of a trustee, receiver or liquidator for the Partner or for all or any substantial part of the Partner’s properties, (f) any proceeding seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect has not been dismissed within one hundred twenty (120) days after the commencement thereof, (g) the appointment without the Partner’s consent or acquiescence of a trustee, receiver or liquidator has not been vacated or stayed within ninety (90) days of such appointment or (h) an appointment referred to in clause (g) is not vacated within ninety (90) days after the expiration of any such stay.

“Indemnitee” means (i) any Person made a party to a proceeding or threatened with being made a party to a proceeding by reason of its status as (A) the General Partner, (B) a Limited Partner or (C) a director or officer of the Partnership or the General Partner and (ii) such other Persons (including Affiliates of the General Partner, a Limited Partner or the Partnership) as the General Partner may designate from time to time (whether before or after the event giving rise to potential liability), in its sole and absolute discretion.

“Limited Partner” means any Person named as a Limited Partner in Exhibit A attached hereto, as such Exhibit may be amended and restated from time to time, or any Substituted Limited Partner or Additional Limited Partner, in such Person’s capacity as a Limited Partner in the Partnership.

“Limited Partner Interest” means a Partner Interest of a Limited Partner in the Partner representing a fractional part of the Partner Interests of all Limited Partners and includes any and all benefits to which the holder of such a Partner Interest may be entitled as provided in this Agreement, together with all obligations of such Person to comply with the terms and provisions of this Agreement.  A Limited Partner Interest may be expressed as a number of Partnership Units.

“Liquidating Event” has the meaning set forth in Section 13.01 hereof.

“Liquidator” has the meaning set forth in Section 13.02.A hereof.

“LTIP Units” means the Partnership Units designated as such having the rights, powers, privileges, restrictions, qualifications and limitations set forth in Exhibit E hereto.

“Manager” means GKK Manager LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

“Management Agreement” means the agreement entered into by and between Gramercy Capital Corp., a Maryland corporation, GKK Capital LP, a Maryland limited partnership (the “Operating Partnership”), and GKK Manager LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

“Net Income” means, for any taxable period, the excess, if any, of the Partnership’s items of income and gain for such taxable period over the Partnership’s items of loss and deduction for such taxable period.  The items included in the calculation of Net Income shall be determined in accordance with Exhibit B hereto.  If an item of income, gain, loss or deduction that has been included in the initial computation of Net Income is subjected to the special allocation rules in Exhibit C hereto, Net Income or the resulting Net Loss, whichever the case may be, shall be recomputed without regard to such item.

 

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“Net Loss” means, for any taxable period, the excess, if any, of the Partnership’s items of loss and deduction for such taxable period over the Partnership’s items of income and gain for such taxable period.  The items included in the calculation of Net Loss shall be determined in accordance with Exhibit B.  If an item of income, gain, loss or deduction that has been included in the initial computation of Net Loss is subjected to the special allocation rules in Exhibit C hereto, Net Loss or the resulting Net Income, whichever the case may be, shall be recomputed without regard to such item.

“New Securities” means (i) any rights, options, warrants or convertible or exchangeable securities having the right to subscribe for or purchase shares of capital stock (or other comparable equity interest) of the General Partner, excluding grants under any Stock Option Plan, or (ii) any Debt issued by the General Partner that provides any of the rights described in clause (i).

“Nonrecourse Built-in Gain” means, with respect to any Contributed Properties or Adjusted Properties that are subject to a mortgage or negative pledge securing a Nonrecourse Liability, the amount of any taxable gain that would be allocated to the Partners pursuant to Section 2.B of Exhibit C hereto if such properties were disposed of in a taxable transaction in full satisfaction of such liabilities and for no other consideration.

“Nonrecourse Deductions” has the meaning set forth in Regulations Section 1.704-2(b)(1), and the amount of Nonrecourse Deductions for a Partnership Year shall be determined in accordance with the rules of Regulations Section 1.704-2(c).

“Nonrecourse Liability” has the meaning set forth in Regulations Section1.752-1(a)(2).

“Notice of Redemption” means a Notice of Redemption substantially in the form of Exhibit B attached hereto.

“Partner” means the General Partner or a Limited Partner, and “Partners” means the General Partner and the Limited Partners.

“Partner Minimum Gain” means an amount, with respect to each Partner Nonrecourse Debt, equal to the Partnership Minimum Gain that would result if such Partner Nonrecourse Debt were treated as a Nonrecourse Liability, determined in accordance with Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(3).

“Partner Nonrecourse Debt” has the meaning set forth in Regulations Section 1.704-2(b)(4).

“Partner Nonrecourse Deductions” has the meaning set forth in Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(2), and the amount of Partner Nonrecourse Deductions with respect to a Partner Nonrecourse Debt for a Partnership Year shall be determined in accordance with the rules of Regulations Section1.704-2(i)(2).

“Partnership” means the limited partnership formed under the Act and continued upon the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, and any successor thereto.

“Partnership Interest” means a Limited Partner Interest or the General Partnership Interest and includes any and all benefits to which the holder of such a Partnership Interest may be entitled as provided in this Agreement, together with all obligations of such Person to comply with the terms and provisions of this Agreement.  A Partnership Interest may be expressed as a number of Partnership Units.

“Partnership Minimum Gain” has the meaning set forth in Regulations Section 1.704-2(b)(2), and the amount of Partnership Minimum Gain, as well as any net increase or decrease in Partnership

 

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Minimum Gain, for a Partnership Year shall be determined in accordance with the rules of Regulations Section1.704-2(d).

“Partnership Record Date” means the record date established by the General Partner either (i) for distributions pursuant to Section 5.01 hereof, which record date shall be the same as the record date established by the General Partner Entity for a distribution to its stockholders of some or all of its portion of such distribution received by the General Partner if the shares of common stock (or comparable equity interests) of the General Partner Entity are Publicly Traded, or (ii) if applicable, for determining the Partners entitled to vote on or consent to any proposed action for which the consent or approval of the Partners is sought pursuant to Section14.02 hereof.

“Partnership Unit” means a fractional, undivided share of the Partnership Interests of all Partners issued pursuant to Sections 4.01 and 4.02 hereof, and includes Class A Units, Class B Units, LTIP Units and any other classes or series of Partnership Units established after the date hereof.  The number of Partnership Units outstanding and the Percentage Interests represented by such Partnership Units are set forth in Exhibit A hereto, as such Exhibit may be amended and restated from time to time.  The ownership of Partnership Units may be evidenced by a certificate in a form approved by the General Partner.

“Partnership Year” means the fiscal year of the Partnership, which shall be the calendar year.

“Percentage Interest” means, as to a Partner holding a class of Partnership Interests, its interest in such class, determined by dividing the Partnership Units of such class owned by such Partner by the total number of Partnership Units of such class then outstanding as specified in Exhibit A attached hereto, as such exhibit may be amended and restated from time to time, multiplied by the aggregate Percentage Interest allocable to such class of Partnership Interests.

“Person” means a natural person, partnership (whether general or limited), trust, estate, association, corporation, limited liability company, unincorporated organization, custodian, nominee or any other individual or entity in its own or any representative capacity.

“Publicly Traded” means listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange or another national securities exchange or designated for quotation on the NASDAQ National Market, or any successor to any of the foregoing.

“Qualified REIT Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary of the General Partner that is a “qualified REIT subsidiary” within the meaning Section 856(i) of the Code.

“Recapture Income” means any gain recognized by the Partnership (computed without regard to any adjustment required by Section 743 of the Code) upon the disposition of any property or asset of the Partnership, which gain is characterized as ordinary income because it represents the recapture of deductions previously taken with respect to such property or asset.

“Redeeming Partner” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.06.A hereof.

“Redemption Amount” means either the Cash Amount or the Shares Amount, as determined by the General Partner in its sole and absolute discretion; provided that in the event that the Shares are not Publicly Traded at the time a Redeeming Partner exercises its Redemption Right the Redemption Amount shall be paid only in the form of the Cash Amount unless the Redeeming Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, consents to payment of the Redemption Amount in the form of the Shares Amount.  A

 

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Redeeming Partner shall have no right, without the General Partner’s consent, in its sole and absolute discretion, to receive the Redemption Amount in the form of the Shares Amount.

“Redemption Right” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.06.A hereof.

“Regulations” means the Income Tax Regulations promulgated under the Code, as such regulations may be amended from time to time (including corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations).

“REIT” means a real estate investment trust under Section 856 of the Code.

“REIT Requirements” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.01.A hereof.

“Residual Gain” or “Residual Loss” means any item of gain or loss, as the case may be, of the Partnership recognized for federal income tax purposes resulting from a sale, exchange or other disposition of Contributed Property or Adjusted Property, to the extent such item of gain or loss is not allocated pursuant to Section 2.B.1(a) or 2.B.2(a) of Exhibit C hereto to eliminate Book-Tax Disparities.

“Safe Harbor” has the meaning set forth in Section 11.06.F hereof.

“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

“704(c) Value” of any Contributed Property means the fair market value of such property at the time of contribution as determined by the General Partner using such reasonable method of valuation as it may adopt.  Subject to Exhibit B hereto, the General Partner shall, in its sole and absolute discretion, use such method as it deems reasonable and appropriate to allocate the aggregate of the 704(c) Values of Contributed Properties in a single or integrated transaction among each separate property on a basis proportional to their fair market values.

“Share” means a share of capital stock (or other comparable equity interest) of the General Partner Entity.  Shares may be issued in one or more classes or series in accordance with the terms of the Articles of Incorporation (or, if the General Partner is not the General Partner Entity, the organizational documents of the General Partner Entity).  In the event that there is more than one class or series of Shares, the term “Shares” shall, as the context requires, be deemed to refer to the class or series of Shares that correspond to the class or series of Partnership Interests for which the reference to Shares is made.  When used with reference to Class A Units, the term “Shares” refers to shares of common stock (or other comparable equity interest) of the General Partner Entity.

“Shares Amount” means a number of Shares equal to the product of the number of Partnership Units offered for redemption by a Redeeming Partner times the Conversion Factor; provided that, in the event the General Partner Entity issues to all holders of Shares rights, options, warrants or convertible or exchangeable securities entitling such holders to subscribe for or purchase Shares or any other securities or property (collectively, the “rights”), then the Shares Amount for any Partnership Units outstanding prior to the issuance of such rights shall also include such rights that a holder of that number of Shares would be entitled to receive.

“SL Green” means SL Green Operating Partnership, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership.

“SLG Class B Distribution Percentage” means, as of a particular date, the percentage obtained by dividing (i) 81.58 minus the number of Class B Units transferred by SL Green to other Persons after December 14, 2005 and on or before such date (other than Unvested Award Class B Units) and the

 

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number of Vested Award Class B Units plus the number of Class B Units acquired by SL Green from other Persons after December 14, 2005 and on or before such date (other than Unvested Award Class B Units forfeited to, or repurchased at less than fair market value by, SL Green pursuant to an Equity Award Agreement) by (ii) the aggregate number of Class B Units outstanding as of such date.

“Specially Distributed Assets” has the meaning set forth in Section 7.05.A hereof.

“Specified Redemption Date” means the tenth Business Day after receipt by the General Partner of a Notice of Redemption; provided that, if the Shares are not Publicly Traded, the Specified Redemption Date means the thirtieth Business Day after receipt by the General Partner of a Notice of Redemption.

“Standard Class B Distribution Percentage” means, with respect to a Person as of a particular date, the percentage obtained by dividing the number of Class B Units held by such Person (other than Unvested Award Class B Units) by the aggregate number of Class B Units outstanding as of such date.

“Stock Option Plan” means any stock incentive plan of the General Partner, the Partnership or any Affiliate of the Partnership or the General Partner.

“Stockholders Equity” means the aggregate gross proceeds from all sales of Partnership Units.

“Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, any corporation, limited liability company, partnership or joint venture, or other entity of which a majority of (i) the voting power of the voting equity securities or (ii) the outstanding equity interests is owned, directly or indirectly, by such Person.

“Substituted Limited Partner” means a Person who is admitted as a Limited Partner to the Partnership pursuant to Section 11.04 hereof.

“Successor Entity” has the meaning set forth in the definition of “Conversion Factor” herein.

“Terminating Capital Transaction” means any sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Partnership for cash or a related series of transactions that, taken together, result in the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Partnership for cash.

“Termination Transaction” has the meaning set forth in Section 11.02.B hereof.

“Unrealized Gain” attributable to any item of Partnership property means, as of any date of determination, the excess, if any, of (i) the fair market value of such property (as determined under Exhibit B hereto) as of such date, over (ii) the Carrying Value of such property (prior to any adjustment to be made pursuant to Exhibit B hereto) as of such date.

“Unrealized Loss” attributable to any item of Partnership property means, as of any date of determination, the excess, if any, of (i) the Carrying Value of such property (prior to any adjustment to be made pursuant to Exhibit B hereto) as of such date, over (ii) the fair market value of such property (as determined under Exhibit B hereto) as of such date.

“Unvested Award Class B Unit” means any Class B Unit that has been transferred by SL Green or SL Green Realty Corp. to another Person pursuant to an Equity Award Agreement and remains subject to forfeiture to, or repurchase at less than fair market value by, SL Green or any other Person pursuant to such Equity Award Agreement.

 

 

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“Valuation Date” means the date of receipt by the General Partner of a Notice of Redemption or, if such date is not a Business Day, the first Business Day thereafter.

“Value” means, with respect to any outstanding Shares of the General Partner Entity that are Publicly Traded, the average of the daily market price for the ten (10) consecutive trading days immediately preceding the date with respect to which value must be determined or, if such date is not a Business Day, the immediately preceding Business Day.  The market price for each such trading day shall be the closing price, regular way, on such day, or if no such sale takes place on such day, the average of the closing bid and asked prices on such day.  In the event that the outstanding Shares of the General Partner Entity are Publicly Traded and the Shares Amount includes rights that a holder of Shares would be entitled to receive, then the Value of such rights shall be determined by the General Partner acting in good faith on the basis of such quotations and other information as it considers, in its reasonable judgment, appropriate.  In the event that the Shares of the General Partner Entity are not Publicly Traded, the Value of the Shares Amount per Partnership Unit offered for redemption (which will be the Cash Amount per Partnership Unit offered for redemption payable pursuant to Sections 8.06 and 8.07 hereof) means the amount that a holder of one Partnership Unit would receive if each of the assets of the Partnership were to be sold for its fair market value on the Specified Redemption Date, the Partnership were to pay all of its outstanding liabilities, and the remaining proceeds were to be distributed to the Partners in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.  Such Value shall be determined by the General Partner, acting in good faith and based upon a commercially reasonable estimate of the amount that would be realized by the Partnership if each asset of the Partnership (and each asset of each Partnership, limited liability company, joint venture or other entity in which the Partnership owns a direct or indirect interest) were sold to an unrelated purchaser in an arms’ length transaction where neither the purchaser nor the seller were under economic compulsion to enter into the transaction (without regard to any discount in value as a result of the Partnership’s minority interest in any property or any illiquidity of the Partnership’s interest in any property).  In connection with determining the value of the Partnership Interest for purposes of determining the number of additional Partnership Units issuable upon a Capital Contribution funded by an underwritten public offering of shares of capital stock (or other comparable equity interest) of the General Partner, the Value of such shares shall be the public offering price per share of such class of the capital stock (or other comparable equity interest) sold.

“Vested Award Class B Unit” means any Class B Unit that has been transferred by SL Green or SL Green Realty Corp. to another Person pursuant to an Equity Award Agreement and is no longer subject to forfeiture to, or repurchase at less than fair market value by, SL Green or any other Person pursuant to such Equity Award Agreement (except for a Class B Unit that was forfeited to, or repurchased at less than fair market value by, SL Green or another Person pursuant to an Equity Award Agreement).

ARTICLE II

 

ORGANIZATIONAL MATTERS

 

                Section 2.01.          Organization

 

The Partnership is a limited partnership organized pursuant to the provisions of the Act and upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Agreement.  Except as expressly provided herein to the contrary, the rights and obligations of the Partners and the administration and termination of the Partnership shall be governed by the Act.  The Partnership Interest of each Partner shall be personal property for all purposes.

 

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Section 2.02.          Name

The name of the Partnership is GKK Capital LP.  The Partnership’s business may be conducted under any other name or names deemed advisable by the General Partner, including the name of the General Partner or any Affiliate thereof.  The words “Limited Partnership,” “L.P.,” “Ltd.” Or similar words or letters shall be included in the Partnership’s name where necessary for the purposes of complying with the laws of any jurisdiction that so requires.  The General Partner in its sole and absolute discretion may change the name of the Partnership at any time and from time to time and shall notify the Limited Partners of such change in the next regular communication to the Limited Partners.

Section 2.03.          Registered Office and Agent; Principal Office

The address of the registered office of the Partnership in the State of Delaware shall be located at 9 East Loockerman Street, Suite #1B in the City of Dover, County of Kent, Delaware 19901 and the registered agent for service of process on the Partnership in the State of Delaware at such registered office shall be National Registered Agents, Inc.  The principal office of the Partnership shall be 420 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York,  10170 or such other place as the General Partner may from time to time designate by notice to the Limited Partners.  The Partnership may maintain offices at such other place or places within or outside the State of Delaware as the General Partner deems advisable.

                Section 2.04.          Term

 

The term of the Partnership commenced on April 21, 2004, the date on which the Certificate was filed in the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in accordance with the Act, and shall continue until December 31, 2103, unless it is dissolved sooner pursuant to the provisions of Article XIII hereof or as otherwise provided by law.

 

ARTICLE III

 

PURPOSE

                Section 3.01.          Purpose and Business

 

The purpose and nature of the business to be conducted by the Partnership is (i) to conduct any business that may be lawfully conducted by a limited partnership organized pursuant to the Act; provided, however, that such business shall be limited to and conducted in such a manner as to permit the General Partner Entity at all times to be classified as a REIT, unless the General Partner ceases to qualify or is not qualified as a REIT for any reason or reasons not related to the business conducted by the Partnership; (ii) to enter into any partnership, joint venture, limited liability company or other similar arrangement to engage in any of the foregoing or the ownership of interests in any entity engaged, directly or indirectly, in any of the foregoing; and (iii) to do anything necessary or incidental to the foregoing.  In connection with the foregoing, the Partners acknowledge that the status of the General Partner Entity as a REIT inures to the benefit of all the Partners and not solely the General Partner or its Affiliates.

            Section 3.02.          Powers

 

The Partnership is empowered to do any and all acts and things necessary, appropriate, proper, advisable, incidental to or convenient for the furtherance and accomplishment of the purposes and business described herein and for the protection and benefit of the Partnership, including, without limitation, full power and authority, directly or through its ownership interest in other entities, to enter into, perform and carry out contracts of any kind, borrow money and issue evidences of indebtedness

 

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whether or not secured by mortgage, deed of trust, pledge or other lien, acquire, own, manage, improve and develop real property, and lease, sell, transfer and dispose of real property; provided, however, that the Partnership shall not take, or refrain from taking, any action which, in the judgment of the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, (i) could adversely affect the ability of the General Partner Entity to continue to qualify as a REIT, (ii) could subject the General Partner Entity to any additional taxes under Section 857 or Section 4981 of the Code or (iii) could violate any law or regulation of any governmental body or agency having jurisdiction over the General Partner Entity or its securities, unless such action (or inaction) shall have been specifically consented to by the General Partner in writing.

                Section 3.03.          Partnership Only for Purposes Specified

 

The Partnership shall be a partnership only for the purposes specified in Section 3.01 above, and this Agreement shall not be deemed to create a partnership among the Partners with respect to any activities whatsoever other than the activities within the purposes of the Partnership as specified in Section 3.01 above.

 

ARTICLE IV

CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS AND ISSUANCES
OF PARTNERSHIP INTERESTS

Section 4.01.          Capital Contributions of the Partners

A.    Capital Contributions.  Prior to the date hereof, certain Partners made Capital Contributions to the Partnership.  Exhibit A hereto reflects the Capital Contributions made by each Partner, the Partnership Units assigned to each Partner and the Percentage Interest in the Partnership represented by such Partnership Units.  The Capital Accounts of the Partners and the Carrying Values of the Partnership’s Assets have been and will continue to be determined pursuant to Section I.D of Exhibit B hereto to reflect the Capital Contributions made.

B.    General Partnership Interest.  A number of Partnership Units held by the General Partner equal to one percent (1%) of all outstanding Partnership Units shall be deemed to be the General Partnership Interest.  All other Partnership Units held by the General Partner shall be deemed to be Limited Partner Interests and shall be held by the General Partner in its capacity as a Limited Partner in the Partnership.

C.    Capital Contributions By Merger.  To the extent the Partnership acquires any property by the merger of any other Person into the Partnership, Persons who receive Partnership Interests in exchange for their interests in the Person merging into the Partnership shall become Partners and shall be deemed to have made Capital Contributions as provided in the applicable merger agreement and as set forth in Exhibit A hereto.

D.    No Obligation to Make Additional Capital Contributions.  Except as provided in Sections 7.05 and 10.05 hereof, the Partners shall have no obligation to make any additional Capital Contributions or provide any additional funding to the Partnership (whether in the form of loans, repayments of loans or otherwise).  No Partner shall have any obligation to restore any deficit that may exist in its Capital Account, either upon a liquidation of the Partnership or otherwise.

 

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Section 4.02.          Issuances of Partnership Interests

 

A.    General.  The General Partner is hereby authorized to cause the Partnership from time to time to issue to Partners (including the General Partner and its Affiliates) or other Persons (including, without limitation, in connection with the contribution of property to the Partnership) Partnership Units or other Partnership Interests in one or more classes, or in one or more series of any of such classes, with such designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, powers and duties, including rights, powers and duties senior to Limited Partner Interests, all as shall be determined, subject to applicable Delaware law, by the General Partner in its sole and absolute discretion, including, without limitation, (i) the allocations of items of Partnership income, gain, loss, deduction and credit to each such class or series of Partnership Interests, (ii) the right of each such class or series of Partnership Interests to share in Partnership distributions and (iii)the rights of each such class or series of Partnership Interests upon dissolution and liquidation of the Partnership; provided, that no such Partnership Units or other Partnership Interests shall be issued to the General Partner unless either (a) the Partnership Interests are issued in connection with the grant, award or issuance of Shares or other equity interests in the General Partner having designations, preferences and other rights such that the economic interests attributable to such Shares or other equity interests are substantially similar to the designations, preferences and other rights (except voting rights) of the additional Partnership Interests issued to the General Partner in accordance with this Section 4.02.A or (b) the Partnership Interests are issued to all Partners holding Partnership Interests in the same class in proportion to their respective Percentage Interests in such class.  In the event that the Partnership issues Partnership Interests pursuant to this Section 4.02.A, the General Partner shall make such revisions to this Agreement (including but not limited to the revisions described in Section 5.04, Section 6.02 and Section 8.06 hereof) as it deems necessary to reflect the issuance of such additional Partnership Interests.

B.    Percentage Interest Adjustments in the Case of Capital Contributions for Class A Units.  Upon the acceptance of additional Capital Contributions in exchange for Class A Units, the Percentage Interest related thereto shall be equal to a fraction, the numerator of which is equal to the amount of cash, if any, plus the Agreed Value of Contributed Property, if any, contributed with respect to such additional Partnership Units and the denominator of which is equal to the sum of (i) value of the Partnership Interests for all outstanding Class A Units (computed as of the Business Day immediately preceding the date on which the additional Capital Contributions are made (an “Adjustment Date”)) plus (ii) the aggregate amount of additional Capital Contributions contributed to the Partnership on such Adjustment Date in respect of such additional Class A Units.  The Percentage Interest of each other Partner holding Class A Units not making a full pro rata Capital Contribution shall be adjusted to a fraction the numerator of which is equal to the sum of (i) the value of such Limited Partner (computed as of the Business Day immediately preceding the Adjustment Date) plus (ii) the amount of additional Capital Contributions (such amount being equal to the amount of cash, if any, plus the Agreed Value of Contributed Property, if any, so contributed), if any, made by such Partner to the Partnership in respect of such Class A Units as of such Adjustment Date and the denominator of which is equal to the sum of (i) the value of the outstanding Class A Units (computed as of the Business Day immediately preceding such Adjustment Date) plus (ii) the aggregate amount of the additional Capital Contributions contributed to the Partnership on such Adjustment Date in respect of such additional Class A Units.  For purposes of calculating a Partner’s Percentage Interest of Class A Units pursuant to this Section 4.02.B, cash Capital Contributions by the General Partner will be deemed to equal the cash contributed by the General Partner plus (a) in the case of cash contributions funded by an offering of any equity interests in or other securities of the General Partner, the offering costs attributable to the cash contributed to the Partnership, and (b) in the case of Class A Units issued pursuant to Section 7.05.E hereof, an amount equal to the difference between the Value of the Shares sold pursuant to any Stock Option Plan and the net proceeds of such sale.

 

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C.    Classes of Partnership Units.  From and after the Effective Date, subject to Section 4.02.A above, the Partnership shall have two classes of Partnership Units, entitled “Class A Units” and “Class B Units.” From and after December 14, 2005, the Partnership shall have an additional class of Partnership Units, entitled “LTIP Units.”  Class A Units may be issued to newly admitted Partners in exchange for the contribution by such Partners of cash, real estate partnership interests, stock, notes or other assets or consideration.

D.            Issuance of Class B Units.  On the Effective Date, the General Partner issued 100 Class B Units to the Manager.  The Manager immediately assigned 85 of such Units to SL Green, which assignment was reflected on Exhibit A.  There was no obligation to contribute any capital in connection until issuance of the Class B Units.  The initial Capital Accounts of the Holders of the Class B Units in respect of such Units was zero.  All Class B Units issued under this Agreement are intended to qualify as “profits interests” under Revenue Procedure 93-27, 1993-2 C.B. 343 (June 9, 1993) and Revenue Procedure 2001-43, 2001-2 C.B. 191 (August 3, 2001), and this Section 4.02.D shall be interpreted and applied consistently therewith.  The General Partner at its discretion may amend this Section 4.02.D to ensure that any Class B Units granted after the date of this Agreement will qualify as “profits interests” under Revenue Procedure 93-27, 1993-2 C.B. 343 (June 9, 1993) and Revenue Procedure 2001-43, 2001-2 C.B. 191 (August 3, 2001) (and any other similar rulings or regulations that may be in effect at such time).

E.             Issuance of LTIP Units.  From time to time the General Partner may issue LTIP Units to Persons providing services to or for the benefit of the Partnership.  LTIP Units shall have the rights, powers, privileges, restrictions, qualifications and limitations specified in Exhibit E hereto.  LTIP Units are intended to qualify as profits interests in the Partnership and for the avoidance of doubt, the provisions of Section 4.04 shall not apply to the issuance of LTIP Units.

 

Section 4.03.          No Preemptive Rights

Except to the extent expressly granted by the Partnership pursuant to another agreement, no Person shall have any preemptive, preferential or other similar right with respect to (i) additional Capital Contributions or loans to the Partnership or (ii) issuance or sale of any Partnership Units or other Partnership Interests.

Section 4.04.          Other Contribution Provisions

In the event that any Partner is admitted to the Partnership and is given a Capital Account in exchange for services rendered to the Partnership, such transaction shall be treated by the Partnership and the affected Partner as if the Partnership had compensated such Partner in cash, and the Partner had contributed such cash to the capital of the Partnership.

Section 4.05.          No Interest on Capital

No Partner shall be entitled to interest on its Capital Contributions or its Capital Account.

 

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ARTICLE V

DISTRIBUTIONS

Section 5.01.          Requirement and Characterization of Distributions

A.    General.  Except as otherwise provided herein, the General Partner shall make distributions at such times and in such amounts as it may determine.  Such distributions shall be made to the Partners who are Partners on the Partnership Record Date for such distribution.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, in no event may a Partner receive a distribution with respect to a Partnership Unit for a quarter or shorter period if such Partner is entitled to receive a distribution relating to such period with respect to a Share for which such Partnership Unit has been redeemed or exchanged.  Unless otherwise expressly provided for herein or in an agreement at the time a new class of Partnership Interests is created in accordance with Article IV hereof, no Partnership Interest shall be entitled to a distribution in preference to any other Partnership Interest.  The General Partner shall make such reasonable efforts, as determined by it in its sole and absolute discretion and consistent with the qualification of the General Partner Entity as a REIT, to make distributions (a) to Limited Partners so as to preclude any such distribution or portion thereof from being treated as part of a sale of property by a Limited Partner under Section 707 Code or the Regulations thereunder; provided that, the General Partner and the Partnership shall not have liability to a Limited Partner under any circumstances as a result of any distribution to a Limited Partner being so treated, and (b) to the General Partner in an amount sufficient to enable the General Partner Entity to pay stockholder dividends that will (1) satisfy the requirements for qualification as a REIT under the Code and the Regulations (the “REIT Requirements”) and (2) avoid any federal income or excise tax liability for the General Partner Entity.

B.    Method. Distributions shall be made (i) first, to the holders of Class B Units as provided in Section 5.01.C hereof, and to each other holder of a Partnership Interest that is entitled to any preference in distribution, in accordance with the rights of any such class of Partnership Interests, and (ii) thereafter, to the holders of Class A Units and each other class of Partnership Interests ranking in parity to the Class A Units (including, without limitation, the LTIP Units if and to the extent they are then entitled to participate in such distributions pursuant to Section 2 of Exhibit E hereto), in proportion to the relative Percentage Interests of each such class of Partnership Interests.  All distributions within a class of Partnership Units shall be pro rata in proportion to the respective Percentage Interests on the applicable Partnership Record Date.

C.    Distributions When Class B Units Are Outstanding.  Holders of Class B Units shall receive quarterly distributions for each calendar quarter (or portion thereof) in an aggregate amount equal to 25% of the amount, if any, by which (i) the sum of Funds From Operations plus any gains (or losses) from debt restructuring or property sales exceeds (ii) the product of the Partnership’s weighted average Stockholders Equity multiplied by 2.375% (such percentage to be prorated for any partial quarter).  These distributions shall be paid to Holders of Class B Units within 45 days after the end of each quarter.  These distributions shall be recalculated at the end of each calendar year beginning with 2004, as 25% of the amount by which (A) annual Funds From Operations plus any gains (or losses) from debt restructuring and gains (or losses) or property sales for such calendar year (or part thereof) exceeds (B) the Partnership’s weighted average Stockholders Equity for such year multiplied by 9.5% (such percentage to be prorated for any partial year).  To the extent quarterly distributions exceed the annual recalculated amount, the Holders of Class B Units shall refund the excess to the Partnership, and to the extent the annual recalculated amount exceeds the quarterly distributions made for such year, such excess shall be paid by the Partnership to such Holders within 90 days after the end of such calendar year. Distributions (and any refunds of distributions) made pursuant to this Section 5.01.C shall be apportioned, subject to Section 5.01.D, among the holders of Class B Units pro rata in accordance with their Class B Distribution Percentages,

 

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determined as of the date of such distribution (or, in the case of any refund, as of the date of the distribution(s) with respect to which such refund is attributable).

 

D.            Class B Units Intended to Qualify as Profits Interests.  Distributions made pursuant to this Section 5.01 shall be adjusted as necessary to ensure that the amount apportioned to each Class B Unit does not exceed the amount attributable to items of Partnership income or gain realized after the date such Class B Unit was issued by the Partnership.  The intent of this Section 5.01.D is to ensure that any Class B Units issued after the date of this Agreement qualify as “profits interests” under Revenue Procedure 93-27, 1993-2 C.B. 343 (June 9, 1993) and Revenue Procedure 2001-43, 2001-2 C.B. 191 (August 3, 2001), and Section 5.01 shall be interpreted and applied consistently therewith.  The General Partner at its discretion may amend this Section 5.01.D to ensure that any Class B Units granted after the date of this Agreement will qualify as “profits interests” under Revenue Procedure 93-27, 1993-2 C.B. 343 (June 9, 1993) and Revenue Procedure 2001-43, 2001-2 C.B. 191 (August 3, 2001) (and any other similar rulings or regulations that may be in effect at such time).

Section 5.02.          Amounts Withheld

All amounts withheld pursuant to the Code or any provisions of any state or local tax law and Section 10.05 hereof with respect to any allocation, payment or distribution to the General Partner, the Limited Partners or Assignees shall be treated as amounts distributed to the General Partner, Limited Partners or Assignees pursuant to Section 5.01 above for all purposes under this Agreement.

Section 5.03.          Distributions Upon Liquidation

Proceeds from a Terminating Capital Transaction shall be distributed to the Partners in accordance with Section 13.02 hereof.

Section 5.04.          Revisions to Reflect Issuance of Additional Partnership Interests

In the event that the Partnership issues additional Partnership Interests to the General Partner or any Additional Limited Partner pursuant to Article IV hereof, the General Partner shall make such revisions to this Article V as it deems necessary to reflect the issuance of such additional Partnership Interests.  Such revisions shall not require the consent or approval of any other Partner.

ARTICLE VI

ALLOCATIONS

Section 6.01.          Allocations For Capital Account Purposes

For purposes of maintaining the Capital Accounts and in determining the rights of the Partners among themselves, the Partnership’s items of income, gain, loss and deduction (computed in accordance with Exhibit B hereto) shall be allocated among the Partners in each taxable year (or portion thereof) as provided herein below.

A.    Net Income.  After giving effect to the special allocations set forth in Section 1 of Exhibit C hereto, Net Income shall be allocated (i) first, to the General Partner to the extent that Net Losses previously allocated to the General Partner, on a cumulative basis, pursuant to the last sentence of  Section 6.01.B below exceed Net Income previously allocated to the General Partner, on a cumulative basis, pursuant to this clause (i) of Section 6.01.A, (ii) second, to Holders of Class B Units and to the

 

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holders of any other Partnership Interests that are entitled to any preference in distribution in accordance with the rights of any such class of Partnership Interests until each such Partnership Interest has been allocated, on a cumulative basis pursuant to this clause (ii), Net Income equal to the sum of the amount of distributions theretofore received (or to be received with respect to the fiscal year of the Partnership in which such Net Income accrues) with respect to such Partnership Interests pursuant to clause (i) of Section 5.01.B hereof and the amount of any prior allocations of Net Losses to such class of Partnership Interests pursuant to Section 6.01.B.(i) below (and, within such class, pro rata in proportion to the respective interests in such class as of the last day of the period for which such allocation is being made) and (iii) third, with respect to Partnership Interests that are not entitled to any preference in the allocation of Net Income, pro rata to each such class in accordance with the terms of such class (and, within such class, pro rata in proportion to the respective interests in such class as of the last day of the period for which such allocation is being made).

B.    Net Losses.  After giving effect to the special allocations set forth in Section 1 of Exhibit C hereto, Net Losses shall be allocated (i) first, to the Holders of Class B Units and to holders of any other Partnership Interests that are entitled to any preference in distribution in accordance with the rights of any such class of Partnership Interests to the extent that any prior allocations of Net Income to such class of Partnership Interests pursuant to Section 6.01.A(1)(ii) above exceed, on a cumulative basis, distributions theretofore received (or to be received with respect to the fiscal year of the Partnership in which such Net Income accrues) with respect to such Partnership Interests pursuant to clause (i) of Section 5.01.B hereof (and, within such class, pro rata in proportion to the respective interests in such class as of the last day of the period for which such allocation is being made) and (ii) second, with respect to classes of Partnership Interests that are not entitled to any preference in distribution, pro rata to each such class in accordance with the terms of such class (and, within such class, pro rata in proportion to the respective interests in such class as of the last day of the period for which such allocation is being made); provided that, Net Losses shall not be allocated to any Limited Partner pursuant to this Section 6.01.B to the extent that such allocation would cause such Limited Partner to have an Adjusted Capital Account Deficit (or increase any existing Adjusted Capital Account Deficit) at the end of such taxable year (or portion thereof).  All Net Losses in excess of the limitations set forth in this Section 6.01.B shall be allocated to the General Partner.

C.    Recapture Income.  Any gain allocated to the Partners upon the sale or other taxable disposition of any Partnership asset shall, to the extent possible after taking into account other required allocations of gain pursuant to Exhibit C hereto, be characterized as Recapture Income in the same proportions and to the same extent as such Partners have been allocated any deductions directly or indirectly giving rise to the treatment of such gains as Recapture Income.

D.    Special Allocations. With Respect to LTIP Units.  After giving effect to the special allocations set forth in Section 1 of Exhibit C hereto, and notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 6.01.A and 6.01.B above, but subject to the prior allocation of income and gain under clauses 6.01.A(i) and (ii) above, any Liquidating Gains shall first be allocated to the holders of LTIP Units until the Economic Capital Account Balances of such holders, to the extent attributable to their ownership of LTIP Units, are equal to (i) the Class A Unit Economic Balance, multiplied by (ii) the number of their LTIP Units; provided that no such Liquidating Gains will be allocated with respect to any particular LTIP Unit unless and to the extent that such Liquidating Gains, when aggregated with other Liquidating Gains realized since the issuance of such LTIP Unit, exceed Liquidating Losses realized since the issuance of such LTIP Unit.  After giving effect to the special allocations set forth in Section 1 of Exhibit C hereto, and notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 6.01.A and 6.01.B above, in the event that, due to distributions with respect to Class A Units in which the LTIP Units do not participate or otherwise, the Economic Capital Account Balance of any present or former holder of LTIP Units, to the extent attributable to the holder’s ownership of LTIP Units, exceeds the target balance specified above, then

 

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Liquidating Losses shall be allocated to such holder to the extent necessary to reduce or eliminate the disparity.  In the event that Liquidating Gains or Liquidating Losses are allocated under this Section 6.01.D, Net Income allocable under clause 6.01.A(iii) and any Net Losses shall be recomputed without regard to the Liquidating Gains or Liquidating Losses so allocated.  For this purpose, “Liquidating Gains” means any net capital gain realized in connection with the actual or hypothetical sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Partnership, including but not limited to net capital gain realized in connection with an adjustment to the Carrying Value of Partnership assets under Section 1.D of Exhibit B to this Agreement.  Similarly, “Liquidating Losses” means any net capital loss realized in connection with any such event.  The “Economic Capital Account Balances” of the holders of LTIP Units will be equal to their Capital Account balances, plus the amount of their shares of any Partner Minimum Gain or Partnership Minimum Gain, in either case to the extent attributable to their ownership of LTIP Units.  Similarly, the “Class A Unit Economic Balance” shall mean (i) the Capital Account balance of the General Partner, plus the amount of the General Partner’s share of any Partner Minimum Gain or Partnership Minimum Gain, in either case to the extent attributable to the General Partner’s ownership of Class A Units and computed on a hypothetical basis after taking into account all allocations through the date on which any allocation is made under this Section 6.01.D, divided by (ii) the number of the General Partner’s Class A Units.  Any such allocations shall be made among the holders of LTIP Units in proportion to the amounts required to be allocated to each under this Section 6.01.D.  The parties agree that the intent of this Section 6.01.D is to make the Capital Account balance associated with each LTIP Unit economically equivalent to the Capital Account balance associated with the General Partner’s Class A Units (on a per-unit basis), but only if the Partnership has recognized cumulative net gains with respect to its assets since the issuance of the relevant LTIP Unit.

 

Section 6.02.          Revisions to Allocations to Reflect Issuance of Additional Partnership Interests

In the event that the Partnership issues additional Partnership Interests to the General Partner or any Additional Limited Partner pursuant to Article IV hereof, the General Partner shall make such revisions to this Article VI and Exhibit A as it deems necessary to reflect the terms of the issuance of such additional Partnership Interests, including making preferential allocations to classes of Partnership Interests that are entitled thereto.  Such revisions shall not require the consent or approval of any other Partner.

ARTICLE VII

MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF BUSINESS

Section 7.01.          Management

A.    Powers of General Partner.  Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, all management powers over the business and affairs of the Partnership are and shall be exclusively vested in the General Partner, and no Limited Partner shall have any right to participate in or exercise control or management power over the business and affairs of the Partnership.  The General Partner may not be removed by the Limited Partners with or without cause; provided, however, that if the Shares (or comparable equity securities)of the General Partner Entity are not Publicly Traded, the General Partner maybe removed with cause with the Consent of the Limited Partners.  In addition to the powers now or hereafter granted a general partner of a limited partnership under applicable law or which are granted to the General Partner under any other provision of this Agreement, the General Partner, subject to Sections 7.06 and 7.11 below, shall have full power and authority to do all things deemed necessary or desirable by

 

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it to conduct the business of the Partnership, to exercise all powers set forth in Section 3.02 hereof and to effectuate the purposes set forth in Section 3.01 hereof, including, without limitation:

(1)           the making of any expenditures, the lending or borrowing of money or will permit the General Partner Entity (as long as the General Partner Entity qualifies as a REIT) to avoid the payment of any federal income tax (including, for this purpose, any excise tax pursuant to Section 4981 of the Code) and to make distributions to its stockholders sufficient to permit the General Partner Entity to maintain REIT status, the assumption or guarantee of, or other contracting for, indebtedness and other liabilities, the issuance of evidences of indebtedness (including the securing of same by mortgage, deed of trust or other lien or encumbrance on the Partnership’s assets) and the incurring of any obligations the General Partner deems necessary for the conduct of the activities of the Partnership;

(2)           the making of tax, regulatory and other filings, or rendering of periodic or other reports to governmental or other agencies having jurisdiction over the business or assets of the Partnership;

(3)           the acquisition, disposition, mortgage, pledge, encumbrance, hypothecation or exchange of any or all of the assets of the Partnership (including the exercise or grant of any conversion, option, privilege or subscription right or other right available in connection with any assets at any time held by the Partnership) or the merger or other combination of the Partnership with or into another entity, on such terms as the General Partner deems proper;

(4)           the use of the assets of the Partnership (including, without limitation, cash on hand) for any purpose consistent with the terms of this Agreement and on any terms it sees fit, including, without limitation, the financing of the conduct of the operations of the Partnership or any of the Partnership’s Subsidiaries, the lending of funds to other Persons (including, without limitation, the Partnership’s Subsidiaries) and the repayment of obligations of the Partnership and its Subsidiaries and any other Person in which the Partnership has an equity investment and the making of capital contributions to its Subsidiaries;

(5)           the negotiation, execution, delivery and performance of any contracts, conveyances or other instruments that the General Partner considers useful or necessary to the conduct of the Partnership’s operations or the implementation of the General Partner’s powers under this Agreement, including contracting with contractors, developers, consultants, accountants, legal counsel, other professional advisors, and other agents and the payment of their expenses and compensation out of the Partnership’s assets;

 

(6)           the mortgage, pledge, encumbrance or hypothecation of any assets of the Partnership, and the use of the assets of the Partnership (including, without limitation, cash on hand) for any purpose consistent with the terms of this Agreement and on any terms it sees fit, including, without limitation, the financing of the conduct or the operations of the General Partners or the Partnership, the lending of funds to other Persons (including, without limitation, any Subsidiaries of the Partnership) and the repayment of obligations of the Partnership, any of its Subsidiaries and any other Person in which it has an equity investment;

(7)           the distribution of Partnership cash or other Partnership assets in accordance with this Agreement;

(8)           the holding, managing, investing and reinvesting of cash and other assets of the Partnership;

 

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(9)           the collection and receipt of revenues and income of the Partnership;

(10)         the selection, designation of powers, authority and duties and dismissal of employees of the Partnership (including, without limitation, employees having titles such as “president,” “vice president,” “secretary” and “treasurer”) and agents, outside attorneys, accountants, consultants and contractors of the Partnership, and the determination of their compensation and other terms of employment or hiring;

(11)         the maintenance of such insurance for the benefit of the Partnership and the Partners as it deems necessary or appropriate;

(12)         the formation of, or acquisition of an interest (including non-voting interests in entities controlled by Affiliates of the Partnership or third parties) in, and the contribution of property to, any further limited or general partnerships, joint ventures, limited liability companies or other relationships that it deems desirable (including, without limitation, the acquisition of interests in, and the contributions of funds or property, or the making of loans, to its Subsidiaries and any other Person in which it has an equity investment from time to time or the incurrence of indebtedness on behalf of such Persons or the guarantee of obligations of such Persons); provided that, as long as the General Partner has determined to qualify as a REIT, the Partnership may not engage in any such formation, acquisition or contribution that would cause the General Partner to fail to qualify as a REIT);

(13)         the control of any matters affecting the rights and obligations of the Partnership, including the settlement, compromise, submission to arbitration or any other form of dispute resolution or abandonment of any claim, cause of action, liability, debt or damages due or owing to or from the Partnership, the commencement or defense of suits, legal proceedings, administrative proceedings, arbitrations or other forms of dispute resolution, the representation of the Partnership in all suits or legal proceedings, administrative proceedings, arbitrations or other forms of dispute resolution, the incurring of legal expense and the indemnification of any Person against liabilities and contingencies to the extent permitted by law;

(14)         the determination of the fair market value of any Partnership property distributed in kind, using such reasonable method of valuation as the General Partner may adopt;

(15)         the exercise, directly or indirectly, through any attorney-in-fact acting under a general or limited power of attorney, of any right, including the right to vote, appurtenant to any assets or investment held by the Partnership;

(16)         the exercise of any of the powers of the General Partner enumerated in this Agreement on behalf of or in connection with any Subsidiary of the Partnership or any other Person in which the Partnership has a direct or indirect interest, individually or jointly with any such Subsidiary or other Person;

(17)         the exercise of any of the powers of the General Partner enumerated in this Agreement on behalf of any Person in which the Partnership does not have any interest pursuant to contractual or other arrangements with such Person;

(18)         the making, executing and delivering of any and all deeds, leases, notes, deeds to secure debt, mortgages, deeds of trust, security agreements, conveyances, contracts, guarantees, warranties, indemnities, waivers, releases or other legal instruments or agreements in writing

 

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necessary or appropriate in the judgment of the General Partner for the accomplishment of any of the powers of the General Partner under this Agreement;

(19)         the distribution of cash to acquire Partnership Units held by a Limited Partner in connection with a Limited Partner’s exercise of its Redemption Right under Section 8.06 hereof; and

(20)         the amendment and restatement of Exhibit A hereto to reflect accurately at all times the Capital Contributions and Percentage Interests of the Partners as the same are adjusted from time to time to the extent necessary to reflect redemptions, Capital Contributions, the issuance of Partnership Units, the admission of any Additional Limited Partner or any Substituted Limited Partner or otherwise, which amendment and restatement, notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, shall not be deemed an amendment of this Agreement, as long as the matter or event being reflected in Exhibit A hereto otherwise is authorized by this Agreement.

B.    No Approval by Limited Partners.  Except as provided in Section 7.11 below, each of the Limited Partners agrees that the General Partner is authorized to execute, deliver and perform the above-mentioned agreements and transactions on behalf of the Partnership without any further act, approval or vote of the Partners, notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Act or any applicable law, rule or regulation, to the full extent permitted under the Act or other applicable law.  The execution, delivery or performance by the General Partner or the Partnership of any agreement authorized or permitted under this Agreement shall not constitute a breach by the General Partner of any duty that the General Partner may owe the Partnership or the Limited Partners or any other Persons under this Agreement or of any duty stated or implied by law or equity.

C.    Insurance.  At all times from and after the date hereof, the General Partner may cause the Partnership to obtain and maintain (i) casualty, liability and other insurance on the properties of the Partnership, (ii)liability insurance for the Indemnitees hereunder and (iii) such other insurance as the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, determines to be necessary.

D.    Working Capital and Other Reserves.  At all times from and after the date hereof, the General Partner may cause the Partnership to establish and maintain working capital reserves in such amounts as the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, deems appropriate and reasonable from time to time, including upon liquidation of the Partnership pursuant to Section 13.02 hereof.

E.     No Obligations to Consider Tax Consequences of Limited Partners.

In exercising its authority under this Agreement, the General Partner may, but shall be under no obligation to, take into account the tax consequences to any Partner (including the General Partner) of any action taken (or not taken) by it.  The General Partner and the Partnership shall not have liability to a Limited Partner for monetary damages or otherwise for losses sustained, liabilities incurred or benefits not derived by such Limited Partner in connection with such decisions, provided that the General Partner has acted in good faith and pursuant to its authority under this Agreement.

Section 7.02.          Certificate of Limited Partnership

The General Partner has previously filed the Certificate with the Secretary of State of Delaware.  To the extent that such action is determined by the General Partner to be reasonable and necessary or appropriate, the General Partner shall file amendments to and restatements of the Certificate and do all the things to maintain the Partnership as a limited partnership (or a partnership in which the limited partners have limited liability) under the laws of the State of Delaware and each other state, the District of

 

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Columbia or other jurisdiction in which the Partnership may elect to do business or own property.  Subject to the terms of Section 8.05.A(4) hereof, the General Partner shall not be required, before or after filing, to deliver or mail a copy of the Certificate or any amendment thereto to any Limited Partner.  The General Partner shall use all reasonable efforts to cause to be filed such other certificates or documents as may be reasonable and necessary or appropriate for the formation, continuation, qualification and operation of a limited partnership (or a partnership in which the limited partners have limited liability) in the State of Delaware and any other state, the District of Columbia or other jurisdiction in which the Partnership may elect to do business or own property.

Section 7.03.          Title to Partnership Assets

Title to Partnership assets, whether real, personal or mixed and whether tangible or intangible, shall be deemed to be owned by the Partnership as an entity, and no Partners, individually or collectively, shall have any ownership interest in such Partnership assets or any portion thereof.  Title to any or all of the Partnership assets may be held in the name of the Partnership, the General Partner or one or more nominees, as the General Partner may determine, including Affiliates of the General Partner.  The General Partner hereby declares and warrants that any Partnership assets for which legal title is held in the name of the General Partner or any nominee or Affiliate of the General Partner shall be held by the General Partner for the use and benefit of the Partnership in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement; provided, however, that the General Partner shall use its best efforts to cause beneficial and record title to such assets to be vested in the Partnership as soon as reasonably practicable.  All Partnership assets shall be recorded as the property of the Partnership in its books and records, irrespective of the name in which legal title to such Partnership assets is held.

Section 7.04.          Reimbursement of the General Partner

A.    No Compensation.  Except as provided in this Section 7.04 and elsewhere in this Agreement (including the provisions of Articles V and VI hereof regarding distributions, payments and allocations to which it may be entitled), the General Partner shall not be compensated for its services as general partner of the Partnership.

B.    Responsibility for Partnership Expenses.  The Partnership shall be responsible for and shall pay all expenses relating to the Partnership’s organization, the ownership of its assets and its operations.  The General Partner shall be reimbursed on a monthly basis, or such other basis as the General Partner may determine in its sole and absolute discretion, for all expenses it incurs relating to the ownership and operation of, or for the benefit of, the Partnership (including, without limitation, expenses related to the management and administration of any Subsidiaries of the General Partner or the Partnership or Affiliates of the Partnership such as auditing expenses and filing fees); provided that, the amount of any such reimbursement shall be reduced by (i) any interest earned by the General Partner with respect to bank accounts or other instruments or accounts held by it as permitted in Section 7.05.A below and (ii) any amount derived by the General Partner from any investments permitted in Section 7.05.A below; and, provided further, that the General Partner shall not be reimbursed for (i) income tax liabilities or (ii) filing or similar fees in connection with maintaining the General Partner’s continued corporate existence that are incurred by the General Partner.  The General Partner shall determine in good faith the amount of expenses incurred by it related to the ownership and operation of, or for the benefit of, the Partnership.  In the event that certain expenses are incurred for the benefit of the Partnership and other entities (including the General Partner), such expenses will be allocated to the Partnership and such other entities in such a manner as the General Partner in its sole and absolute discretion deems fair and reasonable.  Such reimbursements shall be in addition to any reimbursement to the General Partner pursuant to Section 10.03.C hereof and as a result of indemnification pursuant to Section 7.07 below.  All payments and

 

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reimbursements hereunder shall be characterized for federal income tax purposes as expenses of the Partnership incurred on its behalf, and not as expenses of the General Partner.

C.    Partnership and Other Interests Issuance and Repurchase Expenses.  The General Partner shall also be reimbursed for all expenses it incurs relating to any issuance or repurchase of additional Partnership Interests, Shares, Debt of the Partnership or the General Partner or rights, options, warrants or convertible or exchangeable securities pursuant to Article IV hereof (including, without limitation, all costs, expenses, damages and other payments resulting from or arising in connection with litigation related to any of the foregoing), all of which expenses are considered by the Partners to constitute expenses of, and for the benefit of, the Partnership.

D.    Reimbursement not a Distribution.  If and to the extent any reimbursement made pursuant to this Section 7.04 is determined for federal income tax purposes not to constitute a payment of expenses of the Partnership, the amount so determined shall be treated as a distribution to the General Partner and there shall be a corresponding special allocation of gross income to the General Partner, for purposes of computing the Partners’ Capital Accounts.

Section 7.05.          Outside Activities of the General Partner

A.    General.  Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, it is expressly understood and agreed that the General Partner may, if it determines such action to be in the best interests of the REIT or the Partnership, elect to cause some or all of the assets of the Partnership (including cash expected to be utilized to purchase assets that will be so held) to be distributed to and held directly by the General Partner (the “Specially Distributed Assets”).  Concurrently with any such distribution, the General Partner shall (i) amend Section 5.01 of this Agreement so as to provide that, from and after the date of such distribution, each Partner other than the General Partner will receive the same distributions that it would have received had the Specially Distributed Assets been held by the Partnership rather than directly by the General Partner (and a corresponding adjustment shall be made to the distributions to be made to the General Partner); and (ii) make such further amendments to this Agreement (including, without limitation, to the income and loss allocation provisions of Section 6.01 hereof) as may be necessary or appropriate to effect the intention of the parties that the Partners be placed, as nearly as possible, in the same position they would have been in had such Specially Distributed Assets been held by the Partnership rather than directly by the General Partner; provided, however, that the General Partner shall in no event be required to make contributions to the Partnership to fund distributions to the other Partners.

B.    Repurchase of Shares.  In the event the General Partner exercises its rights under the Articles of Incorporation to purchase Shares or otherwise elects to purchase from its stockholders Shares in connection with a stock repurchase or similar program or for the purpose of delivering such shares to satisfy an obligation under any dividend reinvestment or stock purchase program adopted by the General Partner, any employee stock purchase plan adopted by the General Partner or any similar obligation or arrangement undertaken by the General Partner in the future, then the General Partner shall cause the Partnership to purchase from the General Partner that number of Partnership Units of the appropriate class equal to the product obtained by multiplying the number of Shares purchased by the General Partner times a fraction, the numerator of which is one and the denominator of which is the Conversion Factor, on the same terms and for the same aggregate price that the General Partner purchased such Shares.

C.    Forfeiture of Shares.  In the event the Partnership or the General Partner acquires Shares as a result of the forfeiture of such Shares under a restricted or similar share plan, then the General Partner shall cause the Partnership to cancel that number of Partnership Units of the appropriate class equal to the

 

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number of Shares so acquired divided by the Conversion Factor, and, if the Partnership acquired such Shares, it shall transfer such Shares to the General Partner for cancellation.

D.    Issuances of Shares.  After the Effective Date, the General Partner shall not grant, award, or issue any additional Shares (other than Shares issued pursuant to Section 8.06 hereof or pursuant to a dividend or distribution (including any stock split) of Shares to all of its stockholders),other equity securities of the General Partner or New Securities unless (i) the General Partner shall cause, pursuant to Section 4.02.A hereof, the Partnership to issue to the General Partner Partnership Interests or rights, options, warrants or securities of the Partnership having designations, preferences and other rights, all such that the economic interests are substantially the same as those of such additional Shares, other equity securities or New Securities, as the case may be, and (ii) the General Partner transfers to the Partnership, as an additional Capital Contribution, the proceeds from the grant, award, or issuance of such additional Shares, other equity securities or New Securities, as the case may be, or from the exercise of rights contained in such additional Shares, other equity securities or New Securities, as the case may be.  Without limiting the foregoing, the General Partner is expressly authorized to issue additional Shares, other equity securities or New Securities, as the case maybe, for less than fair market value, and the General Partner is expressly authorized, pursuant to Section 4.02.A hereof, to cause the Partnership to issue to the General Partner corresponding Partnership Interests, as long as (a) the General Partner concludes in good faith that such issuance is in the interests of the General Partner and the Partnership (for example, and not by way of limitation, the issuance of Shares and corresponding Partnership Units pursuant to a stock purchase plan providing for purchases of Shares, either by employees or stockholders, at a discount from fair market value or pursuant to employee stock options that have an exercise price that is less than the fair market value of the Shares, either at the time of issuance or at the time of exercise) and (b) the General Partner transfers all proceeds from any such issuance or exercise to the Partnership as an additional Capital Contribution.

E.     Stock Option Plan.  If at any time or from time to time, the General Partner sells Shares pursuant to any Stock Option Plan, the General Partner shall transfer the net proceeds of the sale of such Shares to the Partnership as an additional Capital Contribution in exchange for an amount of additional Partnership Units equal to the number of Shares so sold divided by the Conversion Factor.

F.   Funding Debt.  The General Partner may incur a Funding Debt, including, without limitation, a Funding Debt that is convertible into Shares or otherwise constitutes a class of New Securities, subject to the condition that the General Partner lends to the Partnership the net proceeds of such Funding Debt; provided, that the General Partner shall not be obligated to lend the net proceeds of any Funding Debt to the Partnership in a manner that would be inconsistent with the General Partner’s ability to remain qualified as a REIT.  If the General Partner enters into any Funding Debt, the loan to the Partnership shall be on comparable terms and conditions, including interest rate, repayment schedule and costs and expenses, as are applicable with respect to or incurred in connection with such Funding Debt.

 

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                                                Section 7.06.                             Transactions with Affiliates

 

A.           Transactions with Certain Affiliates.  Except (i) as expressly permitted by this Agreement (other than Section 7.01.A hereof which shall not be considered authority for a transaction that otherwise would be prohibited by this Section 7.06.A) and (ii) all transactions with SL Green or its Affiliates contemplated by the General Partner’s initial public offering, the Partnership shall not, directly or indirectly, sell, transfer or convey any property to, or purchase any property from, or borrow funds from, or lend funds to, any Partner or any Affiliate of the Partnership or the General Partner or the General Partner Entity that is not also a Subsidiary of the Partnership, except pursuant to transactions that are on terms that are fair and reasonable and no less favorable to the Partnership than would be obtained from an unaffiliated third party.

B.             Benefit Plans.  The General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion and without the approval of the Limited Partners, may propose and adopt on behalf of the Partnership employee benefit plans funded by the Partnership for the benefit of employees of the General Partner, the Partnership, Subsidiaries of the Partnership, SL Green, the Manager or any Affiliate of any of them in respect of services performed, directly or indirectly, for the benefit of the Partnership, the General Partner, or any of the Partnership’s Subsidiaries.

C.             Conflict Avoidance.  The General Partner is expressly authorized to enter into, in the name and on behalf of the Partnership, a right of first opportunity arrangement and other conflict avoidance agreements with various Affiliates of SL Green, the Manager,  the Partnership and General Partner on such terms as the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, believes are advisable.

                                                Section 7.07.                             Indemnification

 

A.           General.  The Partnership shall indemnify each Indemnitee from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, joint or several, expenses (including, without limitation, attorneys fees and other legal fees and expenses), judgments, fines, settlements and other amounts arising from or in connection with any and all claims, demands, actions, suits or proceedings, civil, criminal, administrative or investigative incurred by the Indemnitee and relating to the Partnership or the General Partner or the formation or operations of, or the ownership of property by, either of them as set forth in this Agreement in which any such Indemnitee may be involved, or is threatened to be involved, as a party or otherwise, unless it is established by a final determination of a court of competent jurisdiction that: (i) the act or omission of the Indemnitee was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and either was committed in bad faith or was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty, (ii) the Indemnitee actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services or (iii) in the case of any criminal proceeding, the Indemnitee had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was unlawful.  Without limitation, the foregoing indemnity shall extend to any liability of any Indemnitee, pursuant to a loan guarantee, contractual obligations for any indebtedness or other obligations or otherwise, for any indebtedness of the Partnership or any Subsidiary of the Partnership (including, without limitation, any indebtedness which the Partnership or any Subsidiary of the Partnership has assumed or taken subject to), and the General Partner is hereby authorized and empowered, on behalf of the Partnership, to enter into one or more indemnity agreements consistent with the provisions of this Section 7.07 in favor of any Indemnitee having or potentially having liability for any such indebtedness.  The termination of any proceeding by judgment, order or settlement does not create a presumption that the Indemnitee did not meet the requisite standard of conduct set forth in this Section 7.07.A.  The termination of any proceeding by conviction or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, or an entry of an order of probation prior to judgment, creates a rebuttable presumption that the Indemnitee acted in a manner contrary to that specified in this Section 7.07.A with respect to the subject matter of such proceeding.  Any indemnification pursuant to this Section 7.07 shall be made only out of the assets of the Partnership, and

 

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any insurance proceeds from the liability policy covering the General Partner and any Indemnitees, and neither the General Partner nor any Limited Partner shall have any obligation to contribute to the capital of the Partnership or otherwise provide funds to enable the Partnership to fund its obligations under this Section 7.07.

 

B.             Advancement of Expenses.  Reasonable expenses expected to be incurred by an Indemnitee shall be paid or reimbursed by the Partnership in advance of the final disposition of any and all claims, demands, actions, suits or proceedings, civil, criminal, administrative or investigative made or threatened against an Indemnitee upon receipt by the Partnership of (i) a written affirmation by the Indemnitee of the Indemnitee’s good faith belief that the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the Partnership as authorized in this Section 7.07.B has been met and (ii) a written undertaking by or on behalf of the Indemnitee to repay the amount if it shall ultimately be determined that the standard of conduct has not been met.

C.             No Limitation of Rights.  The indemnification provided by this Section 7.07 shall be in addition to any other rights to which an Indemnitee or any other Person may be entitled under any agreement, pursuant to any vote of the Partners, as a matter of law or otherwise, and shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has ceased to serve in such capacity unless otherwise provided in a written agreement pursuant to which such Indemnitee is indemnified.

D.            Insurance.  The Partnership may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of the Indemnitees and such other Persons as the General Partner shall determine against any liability that may be asserted against or expenses that may be incurred by such Person in connection with the Partnership’s activities, regardless of whether the Partnership would have the power to indemnify such Person against such liability under the provisions of this Agreement.

E.              Benefit Plan Fiduciary.  For purposes of this Section 7.07, (i) the Partnership shall be deemed to have requested an Indemnitee to serve as fiduciary of an employee benefit plan whenever the performance by it of its duties to the Partnership also imposes duties on, or otherwise involves services by, it to the plan or participants or beneficiaries of the plan, (ii) excise taxes assessed on an Indemnitee with respect to an employee benefit plan pursuant to applicable law shall constitute fines within the meaning of this Section 7.07 and (iii) actions taken or omitted by the Indemnitee with respect to an employee benefit plan in the performance of its duties for a purpose reasonably believed by it to be i n the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of the plan shall be deemed to be for a purpose which is not opposed to the best interests of the Partnership.

F.              No Personal Liability for Limited Partners.  In no event may an Indemnitee subject any of the Partners to personal liability by reason of the indemnification provisions set forth in this Agreement.

G.             Interested Transactions.  An Indemnitee shall not be denied indemnification in whole or in part under this Section 7.07 because the Indemnitee had an interest in the transaction with respect to which the indemnification applies if the transaction was otherwise permitted by the terms of this Agreement.

H.            Benefit.  The provisions of this Section 7.07 are for the benefit of the Indemnitees, their heirs, successors, assigns and administrators and shall not be deemed to create any rights for the benefit of any other Persons.  Any amendment, modification or repeal of this Section 7.07, or any provision hereof, shall be prospective only and shall not in any way affect the limitation on the Partnership’s liability to any Indemnitee under this Section 7.07 as in effect immediately prior to such amendment, modification or repeal with respect to claims arising from or related to matters occurring, in whole or in part, prior to such amendment, modification or repeal, regardless of when such claims may arise or be asserted.

 

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I.                 Indemnification Payments Not Distributions.  If and to the extent any payments to the General Partner pursuant to this Section 7.07 constitute gross income to the General Partner (as opposed to the repayment of advances made on behalf of the Partnership), such amounts shall constitute guaranteed payments within the meaning of Section 707(c) of the Code, shall be treated consistently therewith by the Partnership and all Partners, and shall not be treated as distributions for purposes of computing the Partners’ Capital Accounts.

                                                Section 7.08.                             Liability of the General Partner

 

A.           General.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Agreement, the General Partner and its directors and officers shall not be liable for monetary damages to the Partnership, any Partners or any Assignees for losses sustained, liabilities incurred or benefits not derived as a result of errors in judgment or mistakes of fact or law or of any act or omission if the General Partner or its directors and officers acted in good faith.

B.             No Obligation to Consider Separate Interests of Limited Partners or Stockholders.  The Limited Partners expressly acknowledge that the General Partner is acting on behalf of the Partnership and the General Partner’s stockholders collectively, that the General Partner is under no obligation to consider the separate interests of the Limited Partners (including, without limitation, the tax consequences to Limited Partners or Assignees or to such stockholders) in deciding whether to cause the Partnership to take (or decline to take) any actions.  In the event of a conflict between the interests of the stockholders of the General Partner Entity on one hand and the Limited Partners on the other, the General Partner shall endeavor in good faith to resolve the conflict in manner not adverse to either the stockholders of the General Partner Entity or the Limited Partners; provided, however, that for so long as the General Partner Entity, directly, or the General Partner, owns a controlling interest in the Partnership, any such conflict that cannot be resolved in a manner not adverse to either the stockholders of the General Partner Entity or the Limited Partners shall be resolved in favor of the stockholders.  The General Partner shall not be liable for monetary damages or otherwise for losses sustained, liabilities incurred or benefits not derived by Limited Partners in connection with such decisions, provided that the General Partner has acted in good faith.

C.             Actions of Agents.  Subject to its obligations and duties as General Partner set forth in Section 7.01.A above, the General Partner may exercise any of the powers granted to it by this Agreement and perform any of the duties imposed upon it hereunder either directly or by or through its employees or agents.  The General Partner shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any such employee or agent appointed by the General Partner in good faith.

D.            Effect of Amendment.  Any amendment, modification or repeal of this Section 7.08 or any provision hereof shall be prospective only and shall not in any way affect the limitations on the General Partner’s liability to the Partnership and the Limited Partners under this Section 7.08 as in effect immediately prior to such amendment, modification or repeal with respect to claims arising from or relating to matters occurring, in whole or in part, prior to such amendment, modification or repeal, regardless of when such claims may arise or be asserted.

E.              Certain Definitions.  Whenever in this Agreement the General Partner is permitted or required to make a decision (i) in its “sole discretion “or “discretion,” or under a similar grant of authority or latitude, the General Partner shall be entitled to consider such interests and factors as it desires and may consider its own interests, and shall have no duty or obligation to give any consideration to any interest of or factors affecting the Partnership or the Limited Partners, or (ii) in its “good faith” or under another express standard, the General Partner shall act under such express standard and shall not be subject to any

 

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other or different standards imposed by this Agreement or by law or any other agreement contemplated herein.

 

                                                Section 7.09.                             Other Matters Concerning the General Partner

 

A.           Reliance on Documents.  The General Partner may rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, bond, debenture or other paper or document believed by it in good faith to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties.

B.             Reliance on Advisors.  The General Partner may consult with legal counsel, accountants, appraisers, management consultants, investment bankers and other consultants and advisors selected by it, and any act taken or omitted to be taken in reliance upon the opinion of such Persons as to matters which the General Partner reasonably believes to be within such Person’s professional or expert competence shall be conclusively presumed to have been done or omitted in good faith and in accordance with such opinion.

C.             Action Through Agents.  The General Partner shall have the right, in respect of any of its powers or obligations hereunder, to act through any of its duly authorized officers and a duly appointed attorney or attorneys-in-fact.  Each such attorney shall, to the extent provided by the General Partner in the power of attorney, have full power and authority to do and perform all and every act and duty which is permitted or required to be done by the General Partner hereunder.

D.            Actions to Maintain REIT Status or Avoid Taxation of the General Partner Entity.  Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement or the Act, any action of the General Partner on behalf of the Partnership or any decision of the General Partner to refrain from acting on behalf of the Partnership undertaken in the good faith belief that such action or omission is necessary or advisable in order (i) to protect the ability of the General Partner Entity to continue to qualify as a REIT or (ii) to allow the General Partner Entity to avoid incurring any liability for taxes under Section 857 or 4981 of the Code, is expressly authorized under this Agreement and is deemed approved by all of the Limited Partners.

                                                Section 7.10.                             Reliance by Third Parties

 

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, any Person dealing with the Partnership shall be entitled to assume that the General Partner has full power and authority, without consent or approval of any other Partner or Person, to encumber, sell or otherwise use in any manner any and all assets of the Partnership, to enter into any contracts on behalf of the Partnership and to take any and all actions on behalf of the Partnership, and such Person shall be entitled to deal with the General Partner as if the General Partner were the Partnership’s sole party in interest, both legally and beneficially.  Each Limited Partner hereby waives any and all defenses or other remedies which may be available against such Person to contest, negate or disaffirm any action of the General Partner in connection with any such dealing.  In no event shall any Person dealing with the General Partner or its representatives be obligated to ascertain that the terms of this Agreement have been complied with or to inquire into the necessity or expedience of any act or action of the General Partner or its representatives.  Each and every certificate, document or other instrument executed on behalf of the Partnership by the General Partner or its representatives shall be conclusive evidence in favor of any and every Person relying thereon or claiming thereunder that (i) at the time of the execution and delivery of such certificate, document or instrument, this Agreement was in full force and effect, (ii) the Person executing and delivering such certificate, document or instrument was duly authorized and empowered to do so for and on behalf of the Partnership, and (iii) such certificate, document or instrument was duly executed and

 

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delivered in accordance with the terms and provisions of this Agreement and is binding upon the Partnership.

 

                                                Section 7.11.                             Restrictions on General Partner’s Authority

 

A.           Consent Required.  The General Partner may not take any action in contravention of an express prohibition or limitation of this Agreement without the written Consent of (i) all Partners adversely affected or (ii) such lower percentage of the Limited Partner Interests as may be specifically provided for under a provision of this Agreement or the Act.

B.             Sale of All Assets of the Partnership.  Except as provided in Article XIII hereof, the General Partner may not, directly or indirectly, cause the Partnership to sell, exchange, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the Partnership’s assets in a single transaction or a series of related transactions(including by way of merger (including a triangular merger), consolidation or other combination with any other Persons) (i) if such merger, sale or other transaction is in connection with a Termination Transaction permitted under Section 11.02.B hereof, without the Consent of the Partners holding a majority of Percentage Interests (including the effect of any Partnership Units held by the General Partner) or (ii) otherwise, without the Consent of the Limited Partners.

                                                Section 7.12.                             Loans by Third Parties

 

The Partnership may incur Debt, or enter into similar credit, guarantee, financing or refinancing arrangements for any purpose (including, without limitation, in connection with any acquisition of property or other assets) with any Person that is not the General Partner upon such terms as the General Partner determines appropriate; provided that, the Partnership shall not incur any Debt that is recourse to the General Partner, except to the extent otherwise agreed to by the General Partner in its sole discretion.

ARTICLE VIII

RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF LIMITED PARTNERS

                                                Section 8.01.                             Limitation of Liability

 

The Limited Partners shall have no liability under this Agreement except as expressly provided in this Agreement, including Section 10.05 hereof, or under the Act.

                                                Section 8.02.                             Management of Business

               

No Limited Partner or Assignee (other than the General Partner, any of its Affiliates or any officer, director, employee, partner, agent or trustee of the General Partner, the Partnership or any of their Affiliates, in their capacity as such) shall take part in the operation, management or control (within the meaning of the Act) of the Partnership’s business, transact any business in the Partnership’s name or have the power to sign documents for or otherwise bind the Partnership.  The transaction of any such business by the General Partner, any of its Affiliates or any officer, director, employee, partner, agent or trustee of the General Partner, the Partnership or any of their Affiliates, in their capacity as such, shall not affect, impair or eliminate the limitations on the liability of the Limited Partners or Assignees under this Agreement.

 

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                                                Section 8.03.                             Outside Activities of Limited Partners

 

Subject to Section 7.05 hereof, and subject to any agreements entered into pursuant to Section 7.06.C hereof and to any other agreements entered into by a Limited Partner or its Affiliates with the Partnership or a Subsidiary, any Limited Partner (other than the General Partner) and any officer, director, employee, agent, trustee, Affiliate or stockholder of any Limited Partner shall be entitled to and may have business interests and engage in business activities in addition to those relating to the Partnership, including business interests and activities in direct or indirect competition with the Partnership.  Neither the Partnership nor any Partners shall have any rights by virtue of this Agreement in any business ventures of any Limited Partner or Assignee.  None of the Limited Partners (other than the General Partner) nor any other Person shall have any rights by virtue of this Agreement or the partnership relationship established hereby in any business ventures of any other Person (other than the General Partner to the extent expressly provided herein), and such Person shall have no obligation pursuant to this Agreement to offer any interest in any such business ventures to the Partnership, any Limited Partner or any such other Person, even if such opportunity is of a character which, if presented to the Partnership, any Limited Partner or such other Person, could be taken by such Person.

                                                Section 8.04.                             Return of Capital

 

Except pursuant to the right of redemption set forth in Section 8.06 below, no Limited Partner shall be entitled to the withdrawal or return of its Capital Contribution, except to the extent of distributions made pursuant to this Agreement or upon termination of the Partnership as provided herein.  No Limited Partner or Assignee shall have priority over any other Limited Partner or Assignee either as to the return of Capital Contributions (except as permitted by Section 4.02.A hereof) or, except to the extent provided by Exhibit C hereto or as permitted by Sections 4.02.A, 5.01.B, 6.01.A(ii) and 6.01.B(i)hereof or otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, as to profits, losses, distributions or credits.

                                                Section 8.05.                             Rights of Limited Partners Relating to the Partnership

 

A.           General.  In addition to other rights provided by this Agreement or by the Act, and except as limited by 8.05.D below, each Limited Partner shall have the right, for a purpose reasonably related to such Limited Partner’s interest as a limited partner in the Partnership, upon written demand with a statement of the purpose of such demand and at such Limited Partner’s own expense:

(1)                                  to obtain a copy of the most recent annual and quarterly reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission by the General Partner Entity pursuant to the Exchange Act;

(2)                                  to obtain a copy of the Partnership’s federal, state and local income tax returns for each Partnership Year;

(3)                                  to obtain a current list of the name and last known business, residence or mailing address of each Partner;

(4)                                  to obtain a copy of this Agreement and the Certificate and all amendments thereto, together with executed copies of all powers of attorney pursuant to which this Agreement, the Certificate and all amendments thereto have been executed; and

(5)                                  to obtain true and full information regarding the amount of cash and a description and statement of any other property or services contributed by each Partner and which each Partner has agreed to contribute in the future, and the date on which each became a Partner.

 

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B.             Notice of Conversion Factor.  The Partnership shall notify each Limited Partner upon request of the then current Conversion Factor and any changes that have been made thereto.

C.             Notice of Extraordinary Transaction of the General Partner Entity.  The General Partner Entity shall not make any extraordinary distributions of cash or property to its stockholders or effect a merger (including without limitation, a triangular merger), a sale of all or substantially all of its assets or any other similar extraordinary transaction without notifying the Limited Partners of its intention to make such distribution or effect such merger, sale or other extraordinary transaction at least twenty (20) Business Days prior to the record date to determine stockholders eligible to receive such distribution or to vote upon the approval of such merger, sale or other extraordinary transaction (or, if no such record date is applicable, at least twenty (20) Business Days before consummation of such merger, sale or other extraordinary transaction).  This provision for such notice shall not be deemed (i) to permit any transaction that otherwise is prohibited by this Agreement or requires a Consent of the Partners or (ii) to require a Consent of the Limited Partners to a transaction that does not otherwise require Consent under this Agreement.  Each Limited Partner agrees, as a condition to the receipt of the notice pursuant hereto, to keep confidential the information set forth therein until such time as the General Partner Entity has made public disclosure thereof and to use such information during such period of confidentiality solely for purposes of determining whether or not to exercise the Redemption Right; provided, however, that a Limited Partner may disclose such information to its attorney, accountant and/or financial advisor for purposes of obtaining advice with respect to such exercise so long as such attorney, accountant and/or financial advisor agrees to receive and hold such information subject to this confidentiality requirement.

D.            Confidentiality.  Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 8.05, the General Partner may keep confidential from the Limited Partners, for such period of time as the General Partner determines in its sole and absolute discretion to be reasonable, any information that (i) the General Partner reasonably believes to be in the nature of trade secrets or other information the disclosure of which the General Partner in good faith believes is not in the best interests of the Partnership or could damage the Partnership or its business or (ii) the Partnership is required by law or by agreements with unaffiliated third parties to keep confidential.

                                                Section 8.06.                             Class A Redemption Right

 

A.           General.  (i)  Subject to Section 8.06.C below, on or after the date two (2) years after the issuance of a Class A Unit to a Limited Partner pursuant to Article IV hereof, the holder of a Class A Unit (if other than the General Partner or the General Partner Entity) shall have the right (the “Redemption Right”) to require the Partnership to redeem such Class A Unit on a Specified Redemption Date and at a redemption price equal to and in the form of the Cash Amount to be paid by the Partnership.  Any such Redemption Right shall be exercised pursuant to a Notice of Redemption delivered to the Partnership (with a copy to the General Partner) by the Limited Partner who is exercising the Redemption Right (the “Redeeming Partner”).  A Limited Partner may not exercise the Redemption Right for less than one thousand (1,000) Class A Units or, if such Redeeming Partner holds less than one thousand (1,000) Class A Units, for less than all of the Class A Units held by such Redeeming Partner.

(ii)                                  The Redeeming Partner shall have no right with respect to any Class A Units so redeemed to receive any distributions paid after the Specified Redemption Date.

(iii)                               The Assignee of any Limited Partner may exercise the rights of such Limited Partner pursuant to this Section 8.06 and such Limited Partner shall be deemed to have assigned such rights to such Assignee and shall be bound by the exercise of such rights by such Limited Partner’s Assignee.  In connection with any exercise of the such rights by such Assignee on behalf of such Limited Partner, the Cash Amount shall be paid by the Partnership directly to such Assignee and not to such Limited Partner.

 

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(iv)                              Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Redemption Right shall not be exercisable with respect to any Class A Unit issued upon conversion of an LTIP Unit until on or after the date that is two years after the date on which the LTIP Unit was issued, provided however, that the foregoing restriction shall not apply if the Redemption Right is exercised by a LTIP Unit holder in connection with a transaction that falls within the definition of a “change of control” under the agreement or agreements pursuant to which the LTIP Units were issued to him or her and provided further that the two (2) year requirement set forth in the first sentence of Section 8.06.A(i) shall not apply with respect to Class A Units issued upon conversion of LTIP Units.

B.             General Partner Assumption of Right.  (i) If a Limited Partner has delivered a Notice of Redemption, the General Partner may, in its sole and absolute discretion (subject to any limitations on ownership and transfer of Shares set forth in the Articles of Incorporation), elect to assume directly and satisfy a Redemption Right by paying to the Redeeming Partner either the Cash Amount or the Shares Amount, as the General Partner determines in its sole and absolute discretion (provided that payment of the Redemption Amount in the form of Shares shall be in Shares registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act and listed for trading on the exchange or national market on which the Shares are Publicly Traded, and provided, further that, in the event that the Shares are not Publicly Traded at the time a Redeeming Partner exercises its Redemption Right, the Redemption Amount shall be paid only in the form of the Cash Amount unless the Redeeming Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, consents to payment of the Redemption Amount in the form of the Shares Amount), on the Specified Redemption Date, whereupon the General Partner shall acquire the Class A Units offered for redemption by the Redeeming Partner and shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as the owner of such Partnership Units.  Unless the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, shall exercise its right to assume directly and satisfy the Redemption Right, the General Partner shall not have any obligation to the Redeeming Partner or to the Partnership with respect to the Redeeming Partner’s exercise of the Redemption Right.  In the event the General Partner shall exercise its right to satisfy the Redemption Right in the manner described in the first sentence of this Section 8.06.B and shall fully perform its obligations in connection therewith, the Partnership shall have no right or obligation to pay any amount to the Redeeming Partner with respect to such Redeeming Partner’s exercise of the Redemption Right, and each of the Redeeming Partner, the Partnership and the General Partner shall, for federal income tax purposes, treat the transaction between the General Partner and the Redeeming Partner as a sale of the Redeeming Partner’s Partnership Units to the General Partner.  Nothing contained in this Section 8.06.B shall imply any right of the General Partner to require any Limited Partner to exercise the Redemption Right afforded to such Limited Partner pursuant to Section 8.06.A above.

(ii)                                  In the event that the General Partner determines to pay the Redeeming Partner the Redemption Amount in the form of Shares, the total number of Shares to be paid to the Redeeming Partner in exchange for the Redeeming Partner’s Partnership Units shall be the applicable Shares Amount.  In the event this amount is not a whole number of Shares, the Redeeming Partner shall be paid (i) that number of Shares which equals the nearest whole number less than such amount plus (ii) an amount of cash which the General Partner determines, in its reasonable discretion, to represent the fair value of the remaining fractional Share which would otherwise be payable to the Redeeming Partner.

(iii)                               Each Redeeming Partner agrees to execute such documents as the General Partner may reasonably require in connection with the issuance of Shares upon exercise of the Redemption Right.

C.             Exceptions to Exercise of Redemption Right.  Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 8.06.A and 8.06.B above, a Partner shall not be entitled to exercise the Redemption Right pursuant to Section 8.06.A above if (but only as long as) the delivery of Shares to such Partner on the Specified Redemption Date (i) would be prohibited under the Articles of Incorporation or (ii) as long as the Shares are Publicly Traded, would be prohibited under applicable federal or state securities laws or regulations

 

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(in each case regardless of whether the General Partner would in fact assume and satisfy the Redemption Right).

 

D.            No Liens on Partnership Units Delivered for Redemption.  Each Limited Partner covenants and agrees with the General Partner that all Partnership Units delivered for redemption (including Partnership Units redeemed under Section 8.07) shall be delivered to the Partnership or the General Partner, as the case may be, free and clear of all liens, and, notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, neither the General Partner nor the Partnership shall be under any obligation to acquire Partnership Units which are or may be subject to any liens.  Each Limited Partner further agrees that, in the event any state or local property transfer tax is payable as a result of the transfer of its Partnership Units to the Partnership or the General Partner, such Limited Partner shall assume and pay such transfer tax.

E.              Additional Partnership Interests.  In the event that the Partnership issues Partnership Interests to any Additional Limited Partner pursuant to Article IV hereof, the General Partner shall make such amendments to this Section 8.06 as it determines are necessary to reflect the issuance of such Partnership Interests (including setting forth any restrictions on the exercise of the Redemption Right with respect to such Partnership Interests).

                                                Section 8.07.                             Redemption of Class B Units

 

The Class B Units shall be subject to mandatory redemption if the Management Agreement is terminated.  The General Partner shall send notice of Class B Unit redemption within ten days after the General Partner sends or receives notice of termination of the Management Agreement.  The redemption date shall be the date on which termination of the Management Agreement is effective.  The redemption amount, to be paid in cash or by wire transfer on the redemption date, shall be equal to two times the annual distributions on a Class B Unit relating to either the most recently completed calendar year or, if higher, the prior calendar year; provided that if on the redemption date the General Partner is becoming self-managed, the redemption amount will be equal to 50% of the redemption amount described above; and provided, further, that if the Management Agreement is terminated by the General Partner for cause, the aggregate redemption amount shall be $100.   Upon any such redemption, the Class B Units will also be entitled to receive any distributions payable with respect to periods through the redemption date.  If such distribution amounts cannot be calculated on or by the redemption date, they shall be calculated and paid as promptly as possible thereafter, but in no event later than 30 days after the redemption date.

ARTICLE IX

BOOKS, RECORDS, ACCOUNTING AND REPORTS

                                                Section 9.01.                             Records and Accounting

 

The General Partner shall keep or cause to be kept at the principal office of the Partnership appropriate books and records with respect to the Partnership’s business, including, without limitation, all books and records necessary to provide to the Limited Partners any information, lists and copies of documents required to be provided pursuant to Section 9.03 below.  Any records maintained by or on behalf of the Partnership in the regular course of its business may be kept on, or be in the form of, punch cards, magnetic tape, photographs, micrographics or any other information storage device, provided that the records so maintained are convertible into clearly legible written form within a reasonable period of time.  The books of the Partnership shall be maintained, for financial and tax reporting purposes, on an accrual basis in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

 

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Section 9.02.                             Fiscal Year

The fiscal year of the Partnership shall be the calendar year.

Section 9.03.                             Reports

A.           Annual Reports.  As soon as practicable, but in no event later than the date on which the General Partner Entity mails its annual report to its stockholders, the General Partner shall cause to be mailed to each Limited Partner an annual report, as of the close of the most recently ended Partnership Year, containing financial statements of the Partnership, or of the General Partner Entity if such statements are prepared solely on a consolidated basis with the Partnership, for such Partnership Year, presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, such statements to be audited by a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants selected by the General Partner Entity.

B.             Quarterly Reports.  If and to the extent that the General Partner Entity mails quarterly reports to its stockholders, as soon as practicable, but in no event later than the date on which such reports are mailed, the General Partner shall cause to be mailed to each Limited Partner a report containing unaudited financial statements, as of the last day of such calendar quarter, of the Partnership, or of the General Partner Entity if such statements are prepared solely on a consolidated basis with the Partnership, and such other information as may be required by applicable law or regulation, or as the General Partner determines to be appropriate.

ARTICLE X

TAX MATTERS

                                                Section 10.01.                       Preparation of Tax Returns

 

The General Partner shall arrange for the preparation and timely filing of all returns of Partnership income, gains, deductions, losses and other items required of the Partnership for federal and state income tax purposes and shall use all reasonable efforts to furnish, within ninety (90) days of the close of each taxable year, the tax information reasonably required by Limited Partners for federal and state income tax reporting purposes.

                                                Section 10.02.                       Tax Elections

 

A.           Except as otherwise provided herein, the General Partner shall, in its sole and absolute discretion, determine whether to make any available election pursuant to the Code.  The General Partner shall have the right to seek to revoke any such election (including, without limitation, an election under Section 754 of the Code) upon the General Partner’s determination in its sole and absolute discretion that such revocation is in the best interests of the Partners.

B.             To the extent provided for in Treasury Regulations, revenue rulings, revenue procedures and/or other IRS guidance issued after the date hereof, the Partnership is hereby authorized to, and at the direction of the General Partner shall, elect a safe harbor under which the fair market value of any Partnership Interests issued after the effective date of such Treasury Regulations (or other guidance) will be treated as equal to the liquidation value of such Partnership Interests  (i.e., a value equal to the total amount that would be distributed with respect to such interests if the Partnership sold all of its assets for their fair market value immediately after the issuance of such Partnership Interests, satisfied its liabilities (excluding any non-recourse liabilities to the extent the balance of such liabilities exceeds the fair market value of the assets that secure them) and distributed the net proceeds to the Partners under the terms of

 

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this Agreement). In the event that the Partnership makes a safe harbor election as described in the preceding sentence, each Partner hereby agrees to comply with all safe harbor requirements with respect to transfers of such Partnership Interests while the safe harbor election remains effective.

 

                                                Section 10.03.                       Tax Matters Partner

 

A.           General.  The General Partner shall be the “tax matters partner” of the Partnership for federal income tax purposes.  Pursuant to Section 6223(c)(3) of the Code, upon receipt of notice from the IRS of the beginning of an administrative proceeding with respect to the Partnership, the tax matters partner shall furnish the IRS with the name, address, taxpayer identification number and profit interest of each of the Limited Partners and any Assignees; provided, however, that such information is provided to the Partnership by the Limited Partners.

B.             Powers.  The tax matters partner is authorized, but not required:

(1)                                  to enter into any settlement with the IRS with respect to any administrative or judicial proceedings for the adjustment of Partnership items required to be taken into account by a Partner for income tax purposes (such administrative proceedings being referred to as a “tax audit” and such judicial proceedings being referred to as “judicial review”), and in the settlement agreement the tax matters partner may expressly state that such agreement shall bind all Partners, except that such settlement agreement shall not bind any Partner (i) who (within the time prescribed pursuant to the Code and Regulations) files a statement with the IRS providing that the tax matters partner shall not have the authority to enter into a settlement agreement on behalf of such Partner or (ii) who is a “notice partner” (as defined in Section 6231(a)(8) of the Code) or a member of a “notice group” (as defined in Section 6223(b)(2) of the Code);

(2)                                  in the event that a notice of a final administrative adjustment at the Partnership level of any item required to be taken into account by a Partner for tax purposes (a “final adjustment”) is mailed to the tax matters partner, to seek judicial review of such final adjustment, including the filing of a petition for readjustment with the Tax Court or the filing of a complaint for refund with the United States Claims Court or the District Court of the United States for the district in which the Partnership’s principal place of business is located;

(3)                                  to intervene in any action brought by any other Partner for judicial review of a final adjustment;

(4)                                  to file a request for an administrative adjustment with the IRS at any time and, if any part of such request is not allowed by the IRS, to file an appropriate pleading (petition or complaint) for judicial review with respect to such request;

(5)                                  to enter into an agreement with the IRS to extend the period for assessing any tax which is attributable to any item required to be taken into account by a Partner for tax purposes, or an item affected by such item; and

(6)                                  to take any other action on behalf of the Partners of the Partnership in connection with any tax audit or judicial review proceeding to the extent permitted by applicable law or regulations.

The taking of any action and the incurring of any expense by the tax matters partner in connection with any such proceeding, except to the extent required by law, is a matter in the sole and absolute

 

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discretion of the tax matters partner and the provisions relating to indemnification of the General Partner set forth in Section 7.07 hereof shall be fully applicable to the tax matters partner in its capacity as such.

 

C.             Reimbursement.  The tax matters partner shall receive no compensation for its services.  All third party costs and expenses incurred by the tax matters partner in performing its duties as such (including legal and accounting fees and expenses) shall be borne by the Partnership.  Nothing herein shall be construed to restrict the Partnership from engaging an accounting firm or a law firm to assist the tax matters partner in discharging its duties hereunder.

Section 10.04.                       Organizational Expenses

The Partnership shall elect to deduct expenses, if any, incurred by it in organizing the Partnership ratably over a sixty (60) month period as provided in Section 709 of the Code.

Section 10.05.                       Withholding

Each Limited Partner hereby authorizes the Partnership to withhold from or pay on behalf of or with respect to such Limited Partner any amount of federal, state, local, or foreign taxes that the General Partner determines that the Partnership is required to withhold or pay with respect to any amount distributable or allocable to such Limited Partner pursuant to this Agreement, including, without limitation, any taxes required to be withheld or paid by the Partnership pursuant to Section 1441, 1442, 1445, or 1446 of the Code.  Any amount paid on behalf of or with respect to a Limited Partner shall constitute a recourse loan by the Partnership to such Limited Partner, which loan shall be repaid by such Limited Partner within fifteen (15) days after notice from the General Partner that such payment must be made unless (i) the Partnership withholds such payment from a distribution which would otherwise be made to the Limited Partner or (ii) the General Partner determines, in its sole and absolute discretion, that such payment may be satisfied out of the available funds of the Partnership which would, but for such payment, be distributed to the Limited Partner.  Any amounts withheld pursuant to the foregoing clauses (i) or (ii) shall be treated as having been distributed to such Limited Partner.  Each Limited Partner hereby unconditionally and irrevocably grants to the Partnership a security interest in such Limited Partner’s Partnership Interest to secure such Limited Partner’s obligation to pay to the Partnership any amounts required to be paid pursuant to this Section 10.05.  In the event that a Limited Partner fails to pay any amounts owed to the Partnership pursuant to this Section 10.05 when due, the General Partner may, in its sole and absolute discretion, elect to make the payment to the Partnership on behalf of such defaulting Limited Partner, and in such event shall be deemed to have loaned such amount to such defaulting Limited Partner and shall succeed to all rights and remedies of the Partnership as against such defaulting Limited Partner (including, without limitation, the right to receive distributions).  Any amounts payable by a Limited Partner hereunder shall bear interest at the base rate on corporate loans at large United States money center commercial banks, as published from time to time in the Wall Street Journal, plus four (4) percentage points (but not higher than the maximum lawful rate) from the date such amount is due (i.e., fifteen (15) days after demand) until such amount is paid in full.  Each Limited Partner shall take such actions as the Partnership or the General Partner shall request in order to perfect or enforce the security interest created hereunder.

 

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ARTICLE XI

TRANSFERS AND WITHDRAWALS

Section 11.01.                       Transfer

A.           Definition.  The term “transfer,” when used in this Article XI with respect to a Partnership Interest or a Partnership Unit, shall be deemed to refer to a transaction by which the General Partner purports to assign all or any part of its General Partnership Interest to another Person or by which a Limited Partner purports to assign all or any part of its Limited Partner Interest to another Person, and includes a sale, assignment, gift, pledge, encumbrance, hypothecation, mortgage, exchange or any other disposition by law or otherwise.  The term “transfer” when used in this Article XI does not include any redemption or repurchase of Partnership Units by the Partnership from a Partner (including the General Partner), acquisition of Partnership Units from a Limited Partner by the General Partner pursuant to Section 8.06 hereof or otherwise or any conversion of LTIP Units into Class A Units.  No part of the interest of a Limited Partner shall be subject to the claims of any creditor, any spouse for alimony or support, or to legal process, and may not be voluntarily or involuntarily alienated or encumbered except as may be specifically provided for in this Agreement.

B.             General.  No Partnership Interest shall be transferred, in whole or in part, except in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in this Article XI.  Any transfer or purported transfer of a Partnership Interest not made in accordance with this Article XI shall be null and void.

Section 11.02.                       Transfers of Partnership Interests of General Partner

A.           Except for transfers of Partnership Units to the Partnership as provided in Section 7.05 or Section 8.06 hereof, the General Partner may not transfer any of its Partnership Interest except (i) in connection with a transaction described in Section 11.02.B below (ii) to a wholly-owned Subsidiary or (iii) as otherwise expressly permitted under this Agreement, nor shall the General Partner withdraw as General Partner except in connection with a transaction described in Section11.02.B below.

B.             The General Partner shall not engage in any merger (including a triangular merger), consolidation or other combination with or into another person, sale of all or substantially all of its assets or any reclassification, recapitalization or change of outstanding Shares (other than a change in par value, or from par value to no par value, or as a result of a subdivision or combination as described in the definition of “Conversion Factor”) (“Termination Transaction”), unless the Termination Transaction has been approved by the Consent of the Partners holding a majority or more of the then outstanding Percentage Interests (including the effect of any Partnership Units held by the General Partner) and in connection with which all Limited Partners either will receive, or will have the right to elect to receive, for each Partnership Unit an amount of cash, securities, or other property equal to the product of the Conversion Factor and the greatest amount of cash, securities or other property paid to a holder of Shares, if any, corresponding to such Partnership Unit that was issued pursuant to Section 4.02.A hereof in consideration of one such Share at any time during the period from and after the date on which the Termination Transaction is consummated; provided that, if, in connection with the Termination Transaction, a purchase, tender or exchange offer shall have been made to and accepted by the holders of more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding Shares, each holder of Partnership Units shall receive, or shall have the right to elect to receive, the greatest amount of cash, securities, or other property which such holder would have received had it exercised the Redemption Right and received Shares in exchange for its Partnership Units immediately prior to the expiration of such purchase, tender or exchange offer and had thereupon accepted such purchase, tender or exchange offer.

 

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Section 11.03.                       Limited Partners’ Rights to Transfer

A.           General.  A Limited Partner may not transfer any of such Limited Partner’s rights as a Limited Partner without the consent of the General Partner, which consent the General Partner may withhold in its sole discretion; provided, however, that no consent shall be required for a transfer or assignment by the Manager or SL Green or its Affiliate of its Class B Units or the rights to receive distributions pursuant to Class B Units to an officer, director or employee of the General Partner, the Manager or SL Green.

B.             Incapacitated Limited Partners.  If a Limited Partner is subject to Incapacity, the executor, administrator, trustee, committee, guardian, conservator or receiver of such Limited Partner’s estate shall have all the rights of a Limited Partner, but not more rights than those enjoyed by other Limited Partners for the purpose of settling or managing the estate and such power as the Incapacitated Limited Partner possessed to transfer all or any part of its interest in the Partnership.  The Incapacity of a Limited Partner, in and of itself, shall not dissolve or terminate the Partnership.

C.             No Transfers Violating Securities Laws.  The General Partner may prohibit any transfer of Partnership Units by a Limited Partner if, in the opinion of legal counsel to the Partnership, such transfer would require filing of a registration statement under the Securities Act or would otherwise violate any federal, or state securities laws or regulations applicable to the Partnership or the Partnership Unit.

D.            No Transfers Affecting Tax Status of Partnership.  No transfer of Partnership Units by a Limited Partner (including a redemption or exchange pursuant to Section 8.06 hereof) may be made to any Person if (i) in the opinion of legal counsel for the Partnership, it would result in the Partnership being treated as an association taxable as a corporation for federal income tax purposes or would result in a termination of the Partnership for federal income tax purposes (except as a result of the redemption or exchange for Shares of all Partnership Units held by all Limited Partners other than the General Partner or the General Partner Entity or any Subsidiary of either the General Partner or the General Partner Entity or pursuant to a transaction expressly permitted under Section 7.11.B or Section 11.02 hereof), (ii) in the opinion of legal counsel for the Partnership, it would adversely affect the ability of the General Partner Entity to continue to qualify as a REIT or would subject the General Partner Entity to any additional taxes under Section 857 or Section 4981 of the Code or (iii) such transfer is effectuated through an “established securities market” or a “secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof)” within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code.

E.              No Transfers to Holders of Nonrecourse Liabilities.  No pledge or transfer of any Partnership Units may be made to a lender to the Partnership, or to any Person who is related (within the meaning of Section 1.752-4(b) of the Regulations) to any lender to the Partnership, whose loan constitutes a Nonrecourse Liability without the consent of the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion; provided that, as a condition to such consent the lender will be required to enter into an arrangement with the Partnership and the General Partner to exchange or redeem for the Redemption Amount any Partnership Units transferred or in which a security interest is held simultaneously with the time at which such lender would be deemed to be a partner in the Partnership for purposes of allocating liabilities to such lender under Section 752 of the Code.

F.              Transfer Register.  The General Partner shall keep a register for the Partnership on which the transfer, pledge or release of Partnership Units shall be shown and pursuant to which entries shall be made to effect all transfers, pledges or releases as required by Sections 8-207,8-313(1) and 8-321 of the Uniform Commercial Code, as amended, in effect in the States of New York and Delaware; provided, however, that if there is any conflict between such requirements, the provisions of the Delaware Uniform Commercial Code shall govern.  The General Partner shall (i) place proper entries in such register clearly

 

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showing each transfer and each pledge and grant of security interest and the transfer and assignment pursuant thereto, such entries to be endorsed by the General Partner and (ii) maintain the register and make the register available for inspection by all of the Partners and their pledgees at all times during the term of this Agreement. Nothing herein shall be deemed a consent to any pledge or transfer otherwise prohibited under this Agreement.

 

Section 11.04.                       Substituted Limited Partners

A.           Consent of General Partner.  No Limited Partner shall have the right to substitute a transferee as a Limited Partner in its place without the consent of the General Partner to the admission of a transferee of the interest of a Limited Partner pursuant to this Section 11.04 as a Substituted Limited Partner, which consent may be given or withheld by the General Partner in its sole and absolute discretion.  The General Partner’s failure or refusal to permit a transferee of any such interests to become a Substituted Limited Partner shall not give rise to any cause of action against the Partnership or any Partner; provided that a transfer which does not require consent of the General Partner under Section 11.03A shall not require the General Partner’s consent under this section.

B.             Rights of Substituted Limited Partner.  A transferee who has been admitted as a Substituted Limited Partner in accordance with this Article XI shall have all the rights and powers and be subject to all the restrictions and liabilities of a Limited Partner under this Agreement.  The admission of any transferee as a Substituted Limited Partner shall be conditioned upon the transferee executing and delivering to the Partnership an acceptance of all the terms and conditions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, the provisions of Section 15.11 hereof and such other documents or instruments as may be required to effect the admission).

C.             Amendment and Restatement of Exhibit A.  Upon the admission of a Substituted Limited Partner, the General Partner shall amend and restate Exhibit A hereto to reflect the name, address, Capital Account, number of Partnership Units, and Percentage Interest of such Substituted Limited Partner and to eliminate or adjust, if necessary, the name, address, Capital Account and Percentage Interest of the predecessor of such Substituted Limited Partner.

Section 11.05.                       Assignees

If the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, does not consent to the admission of any permitted transferee under Section 11.03 above as a Substituted Limited Partner, as described in Section 11.04 above, such transferee shall be considered an Assignee for purposes of this Agreement.  An Assignee shall be entitled to all the rights of an assignee of a limited partner interest under the Act, including the right to receive distributions from the Partnership and the share of Net Income, Net Losses, gain, loss and Recapture Income attributable to the Partnership Units assigned to such transferee, and shall have the rights granted to the Limited Partners under Section 8.06 hereof but shall not be deemed to be a holder of Partnership Units for any other purpose under this Agreement, and shall not be entitled to vote such Partnership Units in any matter presented to the Limited Partners for a vote (such Partnership Units being deemed to have been voted on such matter in the same proportion as all other Partnership Units held by Limited Partners are voted).  In the event any such transferee desires to make a further assignment of any such Partnership Units, such transferee shall be subject to all the provisions of this Article XI to the same extent and in the same manner as any Limited Partner desiring to make an assignment of Partnership Units.

 

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Section 11.06.                       General Provisions

A.           Withdrawal of Limited Partner.  No Limited Partner may withdraw from the Partnership other than as a result of a permitted transfer of all of such Limited Partner’s Partnership Units in accordance with this Article XI or pursuant to redemption of all of its Partnership Units under Section 8.06 hereof.

B.             Termination of Status as Limited Partner.  Any Limited Partner who shall transfer all of its Partnership Units in a transfer permitted pursuant to this Article XI or pursuant to redemption of all of its Partnership Units under Section 8.06 hereof shall cease to be a Limited Partner.

C.             Timing of Transfers.  Transfers pursuant to this Article XI may only be made on the first day of a fiscal quarter of the Partnership, unless the General Partner otherwise agrees.

D.            Allocations.  If any Partnership Interest is transferred during any quarterly segment of the Partnership’s fiscal year in compliance with the provisions of this Article XI or redeemed or transferred pursuant to Section 8.06 hereof, Net Income, Net Losses, each item thereof and all other items attributable to such interest for such fiscal year shall be divided and allocated between the transferor Partner and the transferee Partner by taking into account their varying interests during the fiscal year in accordance with Section 706(d) of the Code, using the interim closing of the books method (unless the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, elects to adopt a daily, weekly, or a monthly proration period, in which event Net Income, Net Losses, each item thereof and all other items attributable to such interest for such fiscal year shall be prorated based upon the applicable method selected by the General Partner).  Solely for purposes of making such allocations, each of such items for the calendar month in which the transfer or redemption occurs shall be allocated to the Person who is a Partner as of midnight on the last day of said month.  All distributions attributable to any Partnership Unit with respect to which the Partnership Record Date is before the date of such transfer, assignment or redemption shall be made to the transferor Partner or the Redeeming Partner, as the case may be, and, in the case of a transfer or assignment other than a redemption, all distributions thereafter attributable to such Partnership Unit shall be made to the transferee Partner.

E.              Additional Restrictions.  In addition to any other restrictions on transfer herein contained, including without limitation the provisions of this Article XI, in no event may any transfer or assignment of a Partnership Interest by any Partner (including pursuant to Section 8.06 hereof) be made without the express consent of the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, (i) to any person or entity who lacks the legal right, power or capacity to own a Partnership Interest; (ii) in violation of applicable law; (iii) of any component portion of a Partnership Interest, such as the Capital Account, or rights to distributions, separate and apart from all other components of a Partnership Interest except as permitted by Section 11.03A; (iv) if in the opinion of legal counsel to the Partnership such transfer would cause a termination of the Partnership for federal or state income tax purposes (except as a result of the redemption or exchange for Shares of all Partnership Units held by all Limited Partners or pursuant to a transaction expressly permitted under Section 7.11.B or Section 11.02 hereof); (v) if in the opinion of counsel to the Partnership, such transfer would cause the Partnership to cease to be classified as a partnership for federal income tax purposes (except as a result of the redemption or exchange for Shares of all Partnership Units held by all Limited Partners or pursuant to a transaction expressly permitted under Section 7.11.B or Section 11.02 hereof); (vi) if such transfer would cause the Partnership to become, with respect to any employee benefit plan subject to Title I of ERISA, a “party-in-interest” (as defined in Section 3(14) of ERISA) or a “disqualified person” (as defined in Section 4975(c) of the Code); (vii) without the consent of the General Partner, to any “benefit plan investor” within the meaning of Department of Labor Regulations Section 2510.3-101(f); (viii) if such transfer would, in the opinion of counsel to the Partnership, cause any portion of the assets of the Partnership to constitute assets of any

 

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employee benefit plan pursuant to Department of Labor Regulations Section 2570.3-101; (ix) if such transfer requires the registration of such Partnership Interest pursuant to any applicable federal or state securities laws; (x) if such transfer is effectuated through an “established securities market” or a “secondary market” (or the substantial equivalent thereof) within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code or such transfer causes the Partnership to become a “publicly traded partnership,” as such term is defined in Section 469(k)(2) or Section 7704(b) of the Code; (xi) if such transfer subjects the Partnership to regulation under the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Investment Advisors Act of 1940 or the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, each as amended; (xii) if such transfer could adversely affect the ability of the General Partner Entity to remain qualified as a REIT; or (xiii) if in the opinion of legal counsel for the Partnership, such transfer would adversely affect the ability of the General Partner Entity to continue to qualify as a REIT or subject the General Partner Entity to any additional taxes under Section 857 or Section 4981 of the Code.

 

F.              Avoidance of “Publicly Traded Partnership” Status.  The General Partner shall monitor the transfers of interests in the Partnership to determine (i) if such interests are being traded on an “established securities market” or a “secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof)” within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code and (ii) whether additional transfers of interests would result in the Partnership being unable to qualify for at least one of the “safe harbors” set forth in Regulations Section 1.7704-1 (or such other guidance subsequently published by the IRS setting forth safe harbors under which interests will not be treated as “readily tradable” on a secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof) within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code (the “Safe Harbors”).  The General Partner shall take all steps reasonably necessary or appropriate to prevent any trading of interests or any recognition by the Partnership of transfers made on such markets and, except as otherwise provided herein, to insure that at least one of the Safe Harbors is met.

ARTICLE XII

ADMISSION OF PARTNERS

Section 12.01.                       Admission of Successor General Partner

A successor to all of the General Partner’s General Partnership Interest pursuant to Section 11.02 hereof who is proposed to be admitted as a successor General Partner shall be admitted to the Partnership as the General Partner, effective upon such transfer.  Any such transferee shall carry on the business of the Partnership without dissolution.  In each case, the admission shall be subject to the successor General Partner’s executing and delivering to the Partnership an acceptance of all of the terms and conditions of this Agreement and such other documents or instruments as may be required to effect the admission.

Section 12.02.                       Admission of Additional Limited Partners

A.           General.  No Person shall be admitted as an Additional Limited Partner without the consent of the General Partner, which consent shall be given or withheld in the General Partner’s sole and absolute discretion.  A Person who makes a Capital Contribution to the Partnership in accordance with this Agreement, including, without limitation, pursuant to Section 4.01.C hereof, or who exercises an option to receive Partnership Units shall be admitted to the Partnership as an Additional Limited Partner only with the consent of the General Partner and only upon furnishing to the General Partner (i) evidence of acceptance in form satisfactory to the General Partner of all of the terms and conditions of this Agreement, including, without limitation, the power of attorney granted in Section 15.11 hereof and (ii) such other documents or instruments as may be required in the discretion of the General Partner in order to effect such Person’s admission as an Additional Limited Partner.  The admission of any Person as an Additional Limited Partner shall become effective on the date upon which the name of such Person is

 

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recorded on the books and records of the Partnership, following the consent of the General Partner to such admission.

 

B.             Allocations to Additional Limited Partners.  If any Additional Limited Partner is admitted to the Partnership on any day other than the first day of a Partnership Year, then Net Income, Net Losses, each item thereof and all other items allocable among Partners and Assignees for such Partnership Year shall be allocated among such Additional Limited Partner and all other Partners and Assignees by taking into account their varying interests during the Partnership Year in accordance with Section 706(d) of the Code, using the interim closing of the books method (unless the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, elects to adopt a daily, weekly or monthly proration method, in which event Net Income, Net Losses, and each item thereof would be prorated based upon the applicable period selected by the General Partner).Solely for purposes of making such allocations, each of such items for the calendar month in which an admission of any Additional Limited Partner occurs shall be allocated among all the Partners and Assignees including such Additional Limited Partner.  All distributions with respect to which the Partnership Record Date is before the date of such admission shall be made solely to Partners and Assignees other than the Additional Limited Partner, and all distributions thereafter shall be made to all the Partners and Assignees including such Additional Limited Partner.

Section 12.03.                       Amendment of Agreement and Certificate of Limited Partnership

For the admission to the Partnership of any Partner, the General Partner shall take all steps necessary and appropriate under the Act to amend the records of the Partnership (including an amendment and restatement of Exhibit A hereto) and, if necessary, to prepare as soon as practical an amendment of this Agreement and, if required by law, shall prepare and file an amendment to the Certificate and may for this purpose exercise the power of attorney granted pursuant to Section 15.11 hereof.

ARTICLE XIII

DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION

Section 13.01.                       Dissolution

The Partnership shall not be dissolved by the admission of Substituted Limited Partners or Additional Limited Partners or by the admission of a successor General Partner in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.  Upon the withdrawal of the General Partner, any successor General Partner shall continue the business of the Partnership.  The Partnership shall dissolve, and its affairs shall be wound up, upon the first to occur of any of the following (“Liquidating Events”):

(i)                                     the expiration of its term as provided in Section 2.04 hereof;

(ii)                                  an event of withdrawal of the General Partner, as defined in the Act (other than an event of bankruptcy), unless, within ninety (90) days after the withdrawal a “majority in interest” (as defined below) of the remaining Partners Consent in writing to continue the business of the Partnership and to the appointment, effective as of the date of withdrawal, of a substitute General Partner;

(iii)                               an election to dissolve the Partnership made by the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, on or after January 1, 2054;

(iv)                              entry of a decree of judicial dissolution of the Partnership pursuant to the provisions of the Act; or

 

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(v)                                 a final and nonappealable judgment is entered by a court of competent jurisdiction ruling that the General Partner is bankrupt or insolvent, or a final and nonappealable order for relief is entered by a court with appropriate jurisdiction against the General Partner, in each case under any federal or state bankruptcy or insolvency laws as now or hereafter in effect, unless prior to or within ninety days after of the entry of such order or judgment a “majority in interest” (as defined below) of the remaining Partners Consent in writing to continue the business of the Partnership and to the appointment, effective as of a date prior to the date of such order or judgment, of a substitute General Partner.

As used herein, a “majority in interest” shall refer to Partners (excluding the General Partner) who hold more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding Percentage Interests not held by the General Partner.

Section 13.02.                       Winding Up

A.                                   General.  Upon the occurrence of a Liquidating Event, the Partnership shall continue solely for the purposes of winding up its affairs in an orderly manner, liquidating its assets, and satisfying the claims of its creditors and Partners.  No Partner shall take any action that is in consistent with, or not necessary to or appropriate for, the winding up of the Partnership’s business and affairs.  The General Partner (or, in the event there is no remaining General Partner, any Person elected by a majority in interest of the Limited Partners (the “Liquidator”)) shall be responsible for overseeing the winding up and dissolution of the Partnership and shall take full account of the Partnership’s liabilities and property and the Partnership property shall be liquidated as promptly as is consistent with obtaining the fair value thereof, and the proceeds therefrom (which may, to the extent determined by the General Partner, include equity or other securities of the General Partner or any other entity) shall be applied and distributed in the following order:

(1)                                  First, to the payment and discharge of all of the Partnership’s debts and liabilities to creditors other than the Partners;

(2)                                  Second, to the payment and discharge of all of the Partnership’s debts and liabilities to the Partners; and

(3)                                  The balance, if any, to the Partners in accordance with their Capital Accounts, after giving effect to all contributions, distributions, and allocations for all periods.

The General Partner shall not receive any additional compensation for any services performed pursuant to this Article XIII.

B.             Deferred Liquidation.  Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 13.02.A above which require liquidation of the assets of the Partnership, but subject to the order of priorities set forth therein, if prior to or upon dissolution of the Partnership the Liquidator determines that an immediate sale of part or all of the Partnership’s assets would be impractical or would cause undue loss to the Partners, the Liquidator may, in its sole and absolute discretion, defer for a reasonable time the liquidation of any assets except those necessary to satisfy liabilities of the Partnership (including to those Partners as creditors) or distribute to the Partners, in lieu of cash, as tenants in common and in accordance with the provisions of Section 13.02.A above, undivided interests in such Partnership assets as the Liquidator deems not suitable for liquidation.  Any such distributions in kind shall be made only if, in the good faith judgment of the Liquidator, such distributions in kind are in the best interest of the Partners, and shall be subject to such conditions relating to the disposition and management of such properties as the Liquidator deems reasonable and equitable and to any agreements governing the operation of such properties at such

 

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time. The Liquidator shall determine the fair market value of any property distributed in kind using such reasonable method of valuation as it may adopt.

 

Section 13.03.                       Compliance with Timing Requirements of Regulations

Subject to Section 13.04 below, in the event the Partnership is “liquidated” within the meaning of Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(g), distributions shall be made pursuant to this Article XIII to the General Partner and Limited Partners who have positive Capital Accounts in compliance with Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(b)(2).  If any Partner has a deficit balance in its Capital Account (after giving effect to all contributions, distributions and allocations for all taxable years, including the year during which such liquidation occurs), such Partner shall have no obligation to make any contribution to the capital of the Partnership with respect to such deficit, and such deficit shall not be considered a debt owed to the Partnership or to any other Person for any purpose whatsoever.  In the discretion of the General Partner, a pro rata portion of the distributions that would otherwise be made to the General Partner and Limited Partners pursuant to this Article XIII may be:  (A) distributed to a trust established for the benefit of the General Partner and Limited Partners for the purposes of liquidating Partnership assets, collecting amounts owed to the Partnership and paying any contingent or unforeseen liabilities or obligations of the Partnership or of the General Partner arising out of or in connection with the Partnership (in which case the assets of any such trust shall be distributed to the General Partner and Limited Partners from time to time, in the reasonable discretion of the General Partner, in the same proportions as the amount distributed to such trust by the Partnership would otherwise have been distributed to the General Partner and Limited Partners pursuant to this Agreement); or (B) withheld to provide a reasonable reserve for Partnership liabilities (contingent or otherwise) and to reflect the unrealized portion of any installment obligations owed to the Partnership, provided that such withheld amounts shall be distributed to the General Partner and Limited Partners as soon as practicable.

Section 13.04.                       Deemed Distribution and Recontribution

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Article XIII, in the event the Partnership is deemed liquidated within the meaning of Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(g) but no Liquidating Event has occurred, the Partnership’s property shall not be liquidated, the Partnership’s liabilities shall not be paid or discharged and the Partnership’s affairs shall not be wound up.  Instead, for federal income tax purposes and for purposes of maintaining Capital Accounts pursuant to Exhibit B hereto, the Partnership shall be deemed to have distributed its assets in kind to the General Partner and Limited Partners, who shall be deemed to have assumed and taken such assets subject to all Partnership liabilities, all in accordance with their respective Capital Accounts.  Immediately thereafter, the General Partner and Limited Partners shall be deemed to have recontributed the Partnership assets in kind to the Partnership, which shall be deemed to have assumed and taken such assets subject to all such liabilities.

Section 13.05.                       Rights of Limited Partners

Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, each Limited Partner shall look solely to the assets of the Partnership for the return of its Capital Contributions and shall have no right or power to demand or receive property other than cash from the Partnership.  Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, no Limited Partner shall have priority over any other Limited Partner as to the return of its Capital Contributions, distributions, or allocations.

Section 13.06.                       Notice of Dissolution

In the event a Liquidating Event occurs or an event occurs that would, but for provisions of an election or objection by one or more Partners pursuant to Section 13.01 above, result in a dissolution of

 

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the Partnership, the General Partner shall, within thirty (30) days thereafter, provide written notice thereof to each of the Partners and to all other parties with whom the Partnership regularly conducts business (as determined in the discretion of the General Partner) and shall publish notice thereof in a newspaper of general circulation in each place in which the Partnership regularly conducts business(as determined in the discretion of the General Partner).

 

Section 13.07.                       Cancellation of Certificate of Limited Partnership

Upon the completion of the liquidation of the Partnership cash and property as provided in Section 13.02 above, the Partnership shall be terminated and the Certificate and all qualifications of the Partnership as a foreign limited partnership in jurisdictions other than the State of Delaware shall be canceled and such other actions as may be necessary to terminate the Partnership shall be taken.

Section 13.08.                       Reasonable Time for Winding Up

A reasonable time shall be allowed for the orderly winding up of the business and affairs of the Partnership and the liquidation of its assets pursuant to Section 13.02 above, in order to minimize any losses otherwise attendant upon such winding-up, and the provisions of this Agreement shall remain in effect among the Partners during the period of liquidation.

Section 13.09.                       Waiver of Partition

Each Partner hereby waives any right to partition of the Partnership property.

Section 13.10.                       Liability of Liquidator

The Liquidator shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Partnership in the same manner and to the same degree as an Indemnitee may be indemnified pursuant to Section 7.11 hereof.

ARTICLE XIV

AMENDMENT OF PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT; MEETINGS

Section 14.01.                       Amendments

A.           General.  Amendments to this Agreement may be proposed by the General Partner or by any Limited Partners holding twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the Partnership Interests.  Following such proposal (except an amendment pursuant to Section 14.01.B below), the General Partner shall submit any proposed amendment to the Limited Partners.  The General Partner shall seek the written vote of the Partners on the proposed amendment or shall call a meeting to vote thereon and to transact any other business that it may deem appropriate.  For purposes of obtaining a written vote, the General Partner may require a response within a reasonable specified time, but not less than fifteen (15) days, and failure to respond in such time period shall constitute a vote which is consistent with the General Partner’s recommendation with respect to the proposal.  Except as provided in Section 14.01.B, 14.01.C or 14.01.D below, a proposed amendment shall be adopted and be effective as an amendment hereto if it is approved by the General Partner and it receives the Consent of Partners holding a majority of the Percentage Interests of the Limited Partners (including Limited Partner Interests held by the General Partner).

B.             Amendments Not Requiring Limited Partner Approval.  Notwithstanding Section 14.01.A or Section 14.01.C hereof, the General Partner shall have the power, without the Consent of the Limited

 

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Partners, to amend this Agreement as may be required to facilitate or implement any of the following purposes:

 

(1)                                  to add to the obligations of the General Partner or surrender any right or power granted to the General Partner or any Affiliate of the General Partner for the benefit of the Limited Partners;

(2)                                  to reflect the admission, substitution, termination or withdrawal of any Partner in accordance with this Agreement;

(3)                                  to set forth the designations, rights, powers, duties, and preferences of the holders of any additional Partnership Interests issued pursuant to Article IV hereof;

(4)                                  to reflect a change that does not adversely affect any of the Limited Partners in any material respect, or to cure any ambiguity, correct or supplement any provision in this Agreement not inconsistent with law or with other provisions, or make other changes with respect to matters arising under this Agreement that will not be inconsistent with law or with the provisions of this Agreement or as may be expressly provided by any other provisions of this Agreement;

(5)                                  to adjust the terms hereof to reflect any Specially Distributed Property, as contemplated in Section 7.05.A hereof; and

(6)                                  to satisfy any requirements, conditions, or guidelines contained in any order, directive, opinion, ruling or regulation of a federal, state or local agency or contained in federal, state or local law.

The General Partner shall notify the Limited Partners when any action under this Section 14.01.B is taken in the next regular communication to the Limited Partners.

C.             Amendments Requiring Limited Partner Approval (Excluding General Partner).  Notwithstanding Section 14.01.A above, without the Consent of the Limited Partners (not including Limited Partner Interests held by the General Partner), the General Partner shall not amend Section 4.02.A, Section 7.01.A (second sentence only), Section 7.05, Section 7.06, Section 7.08, Section 11.02, Section 13.01, this Section 14.01.C or Section 14.02.

D.            Other Amendments Requiring Certain Limited Partner Approval.  Notwithstanding anything in this Section 14.01 to the contrary, this Agreement shall not be amended with respect to any Partner adversely affected without the Consent of such Partner adversely affected if such amendment would (i) convert a Limited Partner’s interest in the Partnership into a general partner’s interest, (ii) modify the limited liability of a Limited Partner, (iii) amend Section 7.11.A, (iv) amend Article V, Article VI, or Section13.02.A(3) (except as permitted pursuant to Sections 4.02, 5.01.D, 5.04, 6.02 and 14.01(B)(3)), (v) amend Section 8.06 or any defined terms set forth in Article I that relate to the Redemption Right (except as permitted in Section 8.06.E), or (vi) amend this Section 14.01.D.  Moreover, this Agreement may be amended by the General Partner to provide that certain Limited Partners have the obligation, upon liquidation of their interests in the Partnership (within the meaning of Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(g)), to restore to the Partnership the amounts of their negative Capital Account balances, if any, for the benefit of creditors of the Partnership or Partners with positive Capital Account balances or both, together with any necessary corresponding amendments (including corresponding amendments to Sections 6.01.A, 6.01.B and Exhibit C), with the consent of only such Limited Partners

 

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and of any other Limited Partners already subject to such a restoration obligation whose restoration obligation may be affected by such amendment.

 

E.              Amendment and Restatement of Exhibit A Not An Amendment.  Notwithstanding anything in this Article XIV or elsewhere in this Agreement to the contrary, any amendment and restatement of Exhibit A hereto by the General Partner to reflect events or changes otherwise authorized or permitted by this Agreement, whether pursuant to Section 7.01.A(20) hereof or otherwise, shall not be deemed an amendment of this Agreement and may be done at any time and from time to time, as necessary by the General Partner without the Consent of the Limited Partners.

Section 14.02.                       Meetings of the Partners

A.           General.  Meetings of the Partners may be called by the General Partner and shall be called upon the receipt by the General Partner of a written request by Limited Partners holding twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the Partnership Interests.  The notice of meeting shall state the nature of the business to be transacted.  Notice of any such meeting shall be given to all Partners not less than seven (7) days nor more than thirty (30) days prior to the date of such meeting.  Partners may vote in person or by proxy at such meeting.  Whenever the vote or Consent of Partners is permitted or required under this Agreement, such vote or Consent may be given at a meeting of Partners or may be given in accordance with the procedure prescribed in Section 14.01.A above.  Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, the Consent of holders of a majority of the Percentage Interests held by Limited Partners (including Limited Partner Interests held by the General Partner) shall control.

B.             Actions Without a Meeting.  Any action required or permitted to be taken at a meeting of the Partners may be taken without a meeting if a written consent setting forth the action so taken is signed by a majority of the Percentage Interests of the Partners (or such other percentage as is expressly required by this Agreement).  Such consent may be in one instrument or in several instruments, and shall have the same force and effect as a vote of a majority of the Percentage Interests of the Partners (or such other percentage as is expressly required by this Agreement).  Such consent shall be filed with the General Partner.  An action so taken shall be deemed to have been taken at a meeting held on the effective date so certified.

C.             Proxy.  Each Limited Partner may authorize any Person or Persons to act for him by proxy on all matters in which a Limited Partner is entitled to participate, including waiving notice of any meeting, or voting or participating at a meeting.  Every proxy must be signed by the Limited Partner or its attorney-in-fact.  No proxy shall be valid after the expiration of eleven (11) months from the date thereof unless otherwise provided in the proxy.  Every proxy shall be revocable at the pleasure of the Limited Partner executing it.  Such revocation to be effective upon the Partnership’s receipt of notice thereof in writing.

D.            Conduct of Meeting.  Each meeting of Partners shall be conducted by the General Partner or such other Person as the General Partner may appoint pursuant to such rules for the conduct of the meeting as the General Partner or such other Person deems appropriate.

ARTICLE XV

 

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Section 15.01.                       Addresses and Notice

Any notice, demand, request or report required or permitted to be given or made to a Partner or Assignee under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed given or made when delivered in

 

48



 

person or when sent by first class United States mail or by other means of written communication to the Partner or Assignee at the address set forth in Exhibit A hereto or such other address as the Partners shall notify the General Partner in writing.

 

Section 15.02.                       Titles and Captions

All article or section titles or captions in this Agreement are for convenience only.  They shall not be deemed part of this Agreement and in no way define, limit, extend or describe the scope or intent of any provisions hereof.  Except as specifically provided otherwise, references to “Articles” and “Sections” are to Articles and Sections of this Agreement.

Section 15.03.                       Pronouns and Plurals

Whenever the context may require, any pronoun used in this Agreement shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine or neuter forms, and the singular form of nouns, pronouns and verbs shall include the plural and vice versa.

Section 15.04.                       Further Action

The parties shall execute and deliver all documents, provide all information and take or refrain from taking action as may be necessary or appropriate to achieve the purposes of this Agreement.

Section 15.05.                       Binding Effect

This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their heirs, executors, administrators, successors, legal representatives and permitted assigns.

Section 15.06.                       Creditors

Other than as expressly set forth herein with regard to any Indemnitee, none of the provisions of this Agreement shall be for the benefit of, or shall be enforceable by, any creditor of the Partnership.

Section 15.07.                       Waiver

No failure by any party to insist upon the strict performance of any covenant, duty, agreement or condition of this Agreement or to exercise any right or remedy consequent upon a breach thereof shall constitute waiver of any such breach or any other covenant, duty, agreement or condition.

Section 15.08.                       Counterparts

This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, all of which together shall constitute one agreement binding on all the parties hereto, notwithstanding that all such parties are not signatories to the original or the same counterpart.  Each party shall become bound by this Agreement immediately upon affixing its signature hereto (other than the existing Partners who will become bound by this Agreement upon its execution by the General Partner).

Section 15.09.                       Applicable Law

This Agreement shall be construed and enforced in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to the principles of conflicts of law.

 

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Section 15.10.                       Invalidity of Provisions

If any provision of this Agreement is or becomes invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein shall not be affected thereby.

Section 15.11.                       Power of Attorney

A.           General.  Each Limited Partner and each Assignee who accepts Partnership Units (or any rights, benefits or privileges associated therewith) is deemed to irrevocably constitute and appoint the General Partner, any Liquidator and authorized officers and attorneys-in-fact of each, and each of those acting singly, in each case with full power of substitution, as its true and lawful agent and attorney-in-fact, with full power and authority in its name, place and stead to:

(1)                                  execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record in the appropriate public offices (a) all certificates, documents and other instruments (including, without limitation, this Agreement and the Certificate and all amendments or restatements thereof) that the General Partner or any Liquidator deems appropriate or necessary to form, qualify or continue the existence or qualification of the Partnership as a limited partnership (or a partnership in which the limited partners have limited liability) in the State of Delaware and in all other jurisdictions in which the Partnership may conduct business or own property, (b) all instruments that the General Partner or any Liquidator deems appropriate or necessary to reflect any amendment, change, modification or restatement of this Agreement in accordance with its terms, (c) all conveyances and other instruments or documents that the General Partner or any Liquidator deems appropriate or necessary to reflect the dissolution and liquidation of the Partnership pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, including, without limitation, a certificate of cancellation, (d) all instruments relating to the admission, withdrawal, removal or substitution of any Partner pursuant to, or other events described in, Article XI, XII or XIII hereof or the Capital Contribution of any Partner and (e) all certificates, documents and other instruments relating to the determination of the rights, preferences and privileges of Partnership Interests; and

(2)                                  execute, swear to, acknowledge and file all ballots, consents, approvals, waivers, certificates and other instruments appropriate or necessary, in the sole and absolute discretion of the General Partner or any Liquidator, to make, evidence, give, confirm or ratify any vote, consent, approval, agreement or other action which is made or given by the Partners hereunder or is consistent with the terms of this Agreement or appropriate or necessary, in the sole discretion of the General Partner or any Liquidator, to effectuate the terms or intent of this Agreement.

Nothing contained in this Section 15.11 shall be construed as authorizing the General Partner or any Liquidator to amend this Agreement except in accordance with Article XIV hereof or as may be otherwise expressly provided for in this Agreement.

B.             Irrevocable Nature.  The foregoing power of attorney is hereby declared to be irrevocable and a power coupled with an interest, in recognition of the fact that each of the Partners will be relying upon the power of the General Partner or any Liquidator to act as contemplated by this Agreement in any filing or other action by it on behalf of the Partnership, and it shall survive and not be affected by the subsequent Incapacity of any Limited Partner or Assignee and the transfer of all or any portion of such Limited Partner’s or Assignee’s Partnership Units and shall extend to such Limited Partner’s or Assignee’s heirs, successors, assigns and personal representatives.  Each such Limited Partner or Assignee hereby agrees to be bound by any representation made by the General Partner or any Liquidator, acting in good faith pursuant to such power of attorney; and each such Limited Partner or Assignee

 

50



 

hereby waives any and all defenses which may be available to contest, negate or disaffirm the action of the General Partner or any Liquidator, taken in good faith under such power of attorney. Each Limited Partner or Assignee shall execute and deliver to the General Partner or the Liquidator, within fifteen (15) days after receipt of the General Partner’s or Liquidator’s request therefor, such further designation, powers of attorney and other instruments as the General Partner or the Liquidator, as the case may be, deems necessary to effectuate this Agreement and the purposes of the Partnership.

 

Section 15.12.                       Entire Agreement

This Agreement contains the entire understanding and agreement among the Partners with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes any prior written oral understandings or agreements among them with respect thereto.

Section 15.13.                       No Rights as Stockholders

Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be construed as conferring upon the holders of the Partnership Units any rights whatsoever as stockholders of the General Partner Entity, including, without limitation, any right to receive dividends or other distributions made to stockholders of the General Partner Entity or to vote or to consent or receive notice as stockholders in respect to any meeting of stockholders for the election of directors of the General Partner Entity or any other matter.

Section 15.14.                       Limitation to Preserve REIT Status

To the extent that any amount paid or credited to the General Partner or its officers, directors, employees or agents pursuant to Section 7.04 or Section 7.07 hereof would constitute gross income to the General Partner Entity for purposes of Section 856(c)(2) or 856(c)(3) of the Code (a “General Partner Payment”) then, notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the amount of such General Partner Payments for any fiscal year shall not exceed the lesser of:

(i)                                     an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (a) 4.20% of the General Partner Entity’s total gross income (but not including the amount of any General Partner Payments) for the fiscal year which is described in subsections (A) though (H) of Section 856(c)(2) of the Code over (b) the amount of gross income (within the meaning of Section 856(c)(2) of the Code) derived by the General Partner Entity from sources other than those described in subsections (A) through (H) of Section 856(c)(2) of the Code (but not including the amount of any General Partner Payments); or

(ii)                                  an amount equal to the excess, if any of (a) 25% of the General Partner Entity’s total gross income (but not including the amount of any General Partner Payments) for the fiscal year which is described in subsections (A) through (I) of Section 856(c)(3) of the Code over (b) the amount of gross income (within the meaning of Section 856(c)(3) of the Code) derived by the General Partner Entity from sources other than those described in subsections (A) through (I) of Section 856(c)(3) of the Code (but not including the amount of any General Partner Payments);

provided, however, that General Partner Payments in excess of the amounts set forth in subparagraphs (i) and (ii) above may be made if the General Partner Entity, as a condition precedent, obtains an opinion of tax counsel that the receipt of such excess amounts would not adversely affect the General Partner Entity’s ability to qualify as a REIT. To the extent General Partner Payments may not be made in a year due to the foregoing limitations, such General Partner Payments shall carry over and be treated as arising in the following year, provided, however, that such amounts shall not carry over for more than five years, and if not paid within such five year period, shall expire; provided, further, that (i) as General Partner

 

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Payments are made, such payments shall be applied first to carryover amounts outstanding, if any, and (ii) with respect to carryover amounts for more than one Partnership Year, such payments shall be applied to the earliest Partnership Year first.

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the date first

 written above.

 

 

 

 

GENERAL PARTNER:

 

 

 

 

GRAMERCY CAPITAL CORP.

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

Name: Marc Holliday

 

 

Title: President and Chief Executive Officer

 

 

 

 

LIMITED PARTNERS:

 

 

 

SL GREEN OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P.

 

 

 

By: SL Green Realty Corp., its general partner

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

Name: Andrew S. Levine

 

 

Title: Executive Vice President

 

 

 

 

GKK MANAGER LLC

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

Name: Andrew S. Levine

 

 

Title: Executive Vice President

 



 

CLASS B UNITHOLDER SIGNATURE PAGE

The undersigned holder of Class B Units in GKK Capital LP hereby consents to and enters into this Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of GKK Capital LP.

 

 

 

Signature Line for Class B Unitholder:

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

Date: December 14, 2005

 

 



 

EXHIBIT A

PARTNERS AND PARTNERSHIP INTERESTS

[Current version of Exhibit A, which also reflects issuance of LTIP Units, to be attached]

 

A-1



 

EXHIBIT B
CAPITAL ACCOUNT MAINTENANCE

1.             Capital Accounts of the Partners

A.            The Partnership shall maintain for each Partner a separate Capital Account in accordance with the rules of Regulations Section 1.704-l(b)(2)(iv).  Such Capital Account shall be increased by (i) the amount of all Capital Contributions and any other deemed contributions made by such Partner to the Partnership pursuant to this Agreement and (ii) all items of Partnership income and gain (including income and gain exempt from tax) computed in accordance with Section 1.B hereof and allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 6.01 of the Agreement and Exhibit C hereof, and decreased by (x) the amount of cash or Agreed Value of all actual and deemed distributions of cash or property made to such Partner pursuant to this Agreement and (y) all items of Partnership deduction and loss computed in accordance with Section 1.B hereof and allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 6.01 of the Agreement and Exhibit C hereof.

B.            For purposes of computing the amount of any item of income, gain, deduction or loss to be reflected in the Partners’ Capital Accounts, unless otherwise specified in this Agreement, the determination, recognition and classification of any such item shall be the same as its determination, recognition and classification for federal income tax purposes determined in accordance with Section 703(a) of the Code (for this purpose all items of income, gain, loss or deduction required to be stated separately pursuant to Section 703(a)(1) of the Code shall be included in taxable income or loss), with the following adjustments:

(1)           Except as otherwise provided in Regulations Section 1.704-l(b)(2)(iv)(m), the computation of all items of income, gain, loss and deduction shall be made without regard to any election under Section 754 of the Code which may be made by the Partnership, provided that the amounts of any adjustments to the adjusted bases of the assets of the Partnership made pursuant to Section 734 of the Code as a result of the distribution of property by the Partnership to a Partner (to the extent that such adjustments have not previously been reflected in the Partners’ Capital Accounts) shall be reflected in the Capital Accounts of the Partners in the manner and subject to the limitations prescribed in Regulations Section 1.704-l(b)(2)(iv)(m)(4).

(2)           The computation of all items of income, gain, and deduction shall be made without regard to the fact that items described in Sections 705(a)(1)(B) or 705(a)(2)(B) of the Code are not includable in gross income or are neither currently deductible nor capitalized for federal income tax purposes.

(3)           Any income, gain or loss attributable to the taxable disposition of any Partnership property shall be determined as if the adjusted basis of such property as of such date of disposition were equal in amount to the Partnership’s Carrying Value with respect to such property as of such date.

(4)           In lieu of the depreciation, amortization, and other cost recovery deductions taken into account in computing such taxable income or loss, there shall be taken into account Depreciation for such fiscal year.

(5)           In the event the Carrying Value of any Partnership Asset is adjusted pursuant to Section 1.D hereof, the amount of any such adjustment shall be taken into account as gain or loss from the disposition of such asset.

B-1



 

(6)           Any items specially allocated under Section 2 of Exhibit C hereof shall not be taken into account.

C.            Generally, a transferee (including any Assignee) of a Partnership Unit shall succeed to a pro rata portion of the Capital Account of the transferor, including where the transfer causes a termination of the Partnership under Section 708(b)(1)(B) of the Code, in which case the Capital Account of the transferee and the Capital Accounts of the other holders of Partnership Units in the terminated Partnership shall carry over to the new Partnership that is formed, for federal income tax purposes, as a result of the termination. In such event, the Carrying Values of the Partnership properties in the reconstituted Partnership shall remain the same as they were in the terminated Partnership and the Capital Accounts of such reconstituted Partnership shall be maintained in accordance with the principles of this Exhibit B.

D.            (1)  Consistent with the provisions of Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f), and as provided in Section 1.D(2), the Carrying Values of all Partnership assets shall be adjusted upward or downward to reflect any Unrealized Gain or Unrealized Loss attributable to such Partnership property, as of the times of the adjustments provided in Section 1.D(2) hereof, as if such Unrealized Gain or Unrealized Loss had been recognized on an actual sale of each such property and allocated pursuant to Section 6.01 of the Agreement.

(2)           Such adjustments shall be made as of the following times:  (a) immediately prior to the acquisition of an additional interest in the Partnership by any new or existing Partner in exchange for more than a de minimis Capital Contribution; (b) immediately prior to the acquisition of a more than de minimis additional interest in the Partnership by any new or existing Partner as consideration for the provision of services to or for the benefit of the Partnership in a partner capacity or in anticipation of becoming a partner; (c) immediately prior to the distribution by the Partnership to a Partner of more than a de minimis amount of property as consideration for an interest in the Partnership; and (d) immediately prior to the liquidation of the Partnership within the meaning of Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(g) (except for a liquidation resulting from the termination of the Partnership under Section 708(b)(1)(B) of the Code), provided however that adjustments pursuant to clauses (a), (b) and (c) above shall be made only if the General Partner determines that such adjustments are necessary or appropriate to reflect the relative economic interests of the Partners in the Partnership.

(3)           In accordance with Regulations Section 1.704- l(b)(2)(iv)(e), the Carrying Value of Partnership assets distributed in kind (other than in connection with the termination of the Partnership under Section 708(b)(1)(B) of the Code) shall be adjusted upward or downward to reflect any Unrealized Gain or Unrealized Loss attributable to such Partnership property, as of the time any such asset is distributed.

(4)           In determining Unrealized Gain or Unrealized Loss for purposes of this Exhibit B, the aggregate cash amount and fair market value of all Partnership assets (including cash or cash equivalents) shall be determined by the General Partner using such reasonable method of valuation as it may adopt, or in the case of a liquidating distribution pursuant to Article XIII of the Agreement, shall be determined and allocated by the Liquidator using such reasonable methods of valuation as it may adopt. The General Partner, or the Liquidator, as the case may be, shall allocate such aggregate fair market value among the assets of the Partnership in such manner as it determines in its sole and absolute discretion to arrive at a fair market value for individual properties.

E.             The provisions of the Agreement (including this Exhibit B and the other Exhibits to the Agreement) relating to the maintenance of Capital Accounts are intended to comply with Regulations

B-2



 

Section 1.704-l(b), and shall be interpreted and applied in a manner consistent with such Regulations. In the event the General Partner shall determine that it is prudent to modify the manner in which the Capital Accounts, or any debits or credits thereto (including, without limitation, debits or credits relating to liabilities which are secured by contributed or distributed property or which are assumed by the Partnership, the General Partner, or the Limited Partners) are computed in order to comply with such Regulations, the General Partner may make such modification without regard to Article XIV of the Agreement, provided that it is not likely to have a material effect on the amounts distributable to any Person pursuant to Article XIII of the Agreement upon the dissolution of the Partnership. The General Partner also shall (i) make any adjustments that are necessary or appropriate to maintain equality between the Capital Accounts of the Partners and the amount of Partnership capital reflected on the Partnership’s balance sheet, as computed for book purposes, in accordance with Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(q), and (ii) make any appropriate modifications in the event unanticipated events might otherwise cause this Agreement not to comply with Regulations Section 1.704-1(b).

2.             No Interest

No interest shall be paid by the Partnership on Capital Contributions or on balances in Partners’ Capital Accounts.

3.             No Withdrawal

No Partner shall be entitled to withdraw any part of its Capital Contribution or Capital Account or to receive any distribution from the Partnership, except as provided in Articles IV, V, VII and XIII of the Agreement.

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EXHIBIT C
SPECIAL ALLOCATION RULES

1.             Special Allocation Rules.

Notwithstanding any other provision of the Agreement or this Exhibit C, the following special allocations shall be made in the following order:

A.            Minimum Gain Chargeback.  Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 6.01 of the Agreement or any other provisions of this Exhibit C, if there is a net decrease in Partnership Minimum Gain during any Partnership Year, each Partner shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain for such year (and, if necessary, subsequent years) in an amount equal to such Partner’s share of the net decrease in Partnership Minimum Gain, as determined under Regulations Section 1.704-2(g). Allocations pursuant to the previous sentence shall be made in proportion to the respective amounts required to be allocated to each Partner pursuant thereto. The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Regulations Section 1.704-2(f)(6). This Section 1.A is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirements in Regulations Section 1.704-2(f) and, for purposes of this Section 1.A only, each Partner’s Adjusted Capital Account Deficit shall be determined prior to any other allocations pursuant to Section 6.01 of this Agreement with respect to such Partnership Year and without regard to any decrease in Partner Minimum Gain during such Partnership Year.

B.            Partner Minimum Gain Chargeback.  Notwithstanding any other provision of Section 6.01 of this Agreement or any other provisions of this Exhibit C (except Section 1.A hereof), if there is a net decrease in Partner Minimum Gain attributable to a Partner Nonrecourse Debt during any Partnership Year, each Partner who has a share of the Partner Minimum Gain attributable to such Partner Nonrecourse Debt, determined in accordance with Regulations Section1.704-2(i) (5), shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain for such year (and, if necessary, subsequent years) in an amount equal to such Partner’s share of the net decrease in Partner Minimum Gain attributable to such Partner Nonrecourse Debt, determined in accordance with Regulations Section1.704-2(i) (5). Allocations pursuant to the previous sentence shall be made in proportion to the respective amounts required to be allocated to each Partner pursuant thereto. The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Regulations Section 1.704-2(i) (4). This Section 1.B is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirement in such Section of the Regulations and shall be interpreted consistently therewith. Solely for purposes of this Section 1.B, each Partner’s Adjusted Capital Account Deficit shall be determined prior to any other allocations pursuant to Section 6.01 of the Agreement or this Exhibit with respect to such Partnership Year, other than allocations pursuant to Section 1.A hereof.

C.            Qualified Income Offset.  In the event any Partner unexpectedly receives any adjustments, allocations or distributions described in Regulations Sections 1.704-l(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), 1.704-l(b)(2)(ii)(d)(5), or1.704-l(b)(2)(ii)(d)(6), and after giving effect to the allocations required under Sections 1.A and 1.B hereof with respect to such Partnership Year, such Partner has an Adjusted Capital Account Deficit, items of Partnership income and gain (consisting of a pro rata portion of each item of Partnership income, including gross income and gain for the Partnership Year) shall be specially allocated to such Partner in an amount and manner sufficient to eliminate, to the extent required by the Regulations, its Adjusted Capital Account Deficit created by such adjustments, allocations or distributions as quickly as possible. This Section 1.C is intended to constitute a “qualified income offset” under Regulations Section 1.704-l(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.

D.            Gross Income Allocation.  In the event that any Partner has an Adjusted Capital Account Deficit at the end of any Partnership Year (after taking into account allocations to be made under the preceding paragraphs hereof with respect to such Partnership Year), each such Partner shall be specially

 

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allocated items of Partnership income and gain (consisting of a pro rata portion of each item of Partnership income, including gross income and gain for the Partnership Year) in an amount and manner sufficient to eliminate, to the extent required by the Regulations, its Adjusted Capital Account Deficit.

E.             Nonrecourse Deductions.  Nonrecourse Deductions for any Partnership Year shall be allocated to the holders of Class A Units in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests. If the General Partner determines in its good faith discretion that the Partnership’s Nonrecourse Deductions must be allocated in a different ratio to satisfy the safe harbor requirements of the Regulations promulgated under Section 704(b) of the Code, the General Partner is authorized, upon notice to the Limited Partners, to revise the prescribed ratio for such Partnership Year to the numerically closest ratio which would satisfy such requirements.

F.             Partner Nonrecourse Deductions.  Any Partner Nonrecourse Deductions for any Partnership Year shall be specially allocated to the Partner who bears the economic risk of loss with respect to the Partner Nonrecourse Debt to which such Partner Nonrecourse Deductions are attributable in accordance with Regulations Sections 1.704-2(b)(4) and 1.704-2(i).

G.            Code Section 754 Adjustments.  To the extent an adjustment to the adjusted tax basis of any Partnership asset pursuant to Section 734(b) or 743(b) of the Code is required, pursuant to Regulations Section1.704-l(b)(2)(iv)(m), to be taken into account in determining Capital Accounts, the amount of such adjustment to the Capital Accounts shall be treated as an item of gain (if the adjustment increases the basis of the asset) or loss (if the adjustment decreases such basis), and such item of gain or loss shall be specially allocated to the Partners in a manner consistent with the manner in which their Capital Accounts are required to be adjusted pursuant to such Section of the Regulations.

H.            Forfeiture Allocations.  Upon a forfeiture of any unvested Partnership Interest by any Partner, gross items of income, gain, loss or deduction shall be allocated to such Partner if and to the extent required by final Treasury Regulations promulgated after the Effective Date to ensure that allocations made with respect to all unvested Partnership Interests are recognized under Code Section 704(b).

2.             Allocations for Tax Purposes

A.            Except as otherwise provided in this Section 2, for federal income tax purposes, each item of income, gain, loss and deduction shall be allocated among the Partners in the same manner as its correlative item of “book” income, gain, loss or deduction is allocated pursuant to Section 6.01 of the Agreement and Section 1 of this Exhibit C.

B.            In an attempt to eliminate Book-Tax Disparities attributable to a Contributed Property or Adjusted Property, items of income, gain, loss, and deduction shall be allocated for federal income tax purposes among the Partners as follows:

(a) (1)      In the case of a Contributed Property, such items attributable thereto shall be allocated among the Partners consistent with the principles of Section 704(c) of the Code to take into account the variation between the 704(c) Value of such property and its adjusted basis at the time of contribution (taking into account Section 2.C of this Exhibit C); and

(b)           any item of Residual Gain or Residual Loss attributable to a Contributed Property shall be allocated among the Partners in the same manner as its correlative item of “book” gain or loss is allocated pursuant to Section 6.01 of the Agreement and Section 1 of this Exhibit C.

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(c) (2)      In the case of an Adjusted Property, such items shall

(i)            first, be allocated among the Partners in a manner consistent with the principles of Section 704(c) of the Code to take into account the Unrealized Gain or Unrealized Loss attributable to such property and the allocations thereof pursuant to Exhibit B;

(ii)           second, in the event such property was originally a Contributed Property, be allocated among the Partners in a manner consistent with Section 2.B(1) of this Exhibit C; and

(d)           any item of Residual Gain or Residual Loss attributable to an Adjusted Property shall be allocated among the Partners in the same manner its correlative item of “book” gain or loss is allocated pursuant to Section 6.01 of the Agreement and Section 1 of this Exhibit C.

C.            To the extent Regulations promulgated pursuant to Section 704(c) of the Code permit a Partnership to utilize alternative methods to eliminate the disparities between the Carrying Value of property and its adjusted basis, the General Partner shall have the authority to elect the method to be used by the Partnership and such election shall be binding on all Partners.

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EXHIBIT D
NOTICE OF REDEMPTION

The undersigned hereby irrevocably (i) tenders for redemption Partnership Units in GKK Capital LP in accordance with the terms of the Agreement of Limited Partnership of GKK Capital LP, as amended, and the Redemption Right referred to therein, (ii) surrenders such Partnership Units and all right, title and interest therein and (iii) directs that the Cash Amount or Shares Amount (as determined by the General Partner) deliverable upon exercise of the Redemption Right be delivered to the address specified below, and if Shares are to be delivered, such Shares be registered or placed in the name(s) and at the address(es) specified below. The undersigned hereby represents, warrants, and certifies that the undersigned (a) has marketable and unencumbered title to such Partnership Units, free and clear of the rights of or interests of any other person or entity, (b) has the full right, power and authority to redeem and surrender such Partnership Units as provided herein and (c) has obtained the consent or approval of all persons or entities, if any, having the right to consult or approve such redemption and surrender.

Dated: Name of Limited Partner:

(Signature of Limited Partner)

 

(Street Address)

 

If Shares are to be issued, issue to:

 

Name:

 

Please insert social security or identifying number:

 

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EXHIBIT E

 

GKK CAPITAL LP

 

DESIGNATION OF THE RIGHTS, POWERS, PRIVILEGES,

RESTRICTIONS, QUALIFICATIONS AND LIMITATIONS

OF THE LTIP UNITS

 

The following are the terms of the LTIP Units:

1.             Vesting.

A.            Vesting, Generally.  LTIP Units may, in the sole discretion of the General Partner, be issued subject to vesting, forfeiture and additional restrictions on transfer pursuant to the terms of an award, vesting or other similar agreement (a “Vesting Agreement”).  The terms of any Vesting Agreement may be modified by the General Partner from time to time in its sole discretion, subject to any restrictions on amendment imposed by the relevant Vesting Agreement or by the terms of any plan pursuant to which the LTIP Units are issued, if applicable.  LTIP Units that have vested and are no longer subject to forfeiture under the terms of a Vesting Agreement are referred to as “Vested LTIP Units”; all other LTIP Units are referred to as “Unvested LTIP Units.”  Subject to the terms of any Vesting Agreement, a holder of LTIP Units shall be entitled to transfer his or her LTIP Units to the same extent, and subject to the same restrictions as holders of Class A Units are entitled to transfer their Class A Units pursuant to Article XI of the Agreement.

B.            Forfeiture or Transfer of Unvested LTIP Units.  Unless otherwise specified in the relevant Vesting Agreement, upon the occurrence of any event specified in a Vesting Agreement as resulting in either the forfeiture of any LTIP Units, or the right of the Partnership or the General Partner to repurchase LTIP Units at a specified purchase price, then upon the occurrence of the circumstances resulting in such forfeiture or if the Partnership or the General Partner exercises such right to repurchase, then the relevant LTIP Units shall immediately, and without any further action, be treated as cancelled or transferred to the General Partner, as applicable, and no longer outstanding for any purpose.  Unless otherwise specified in the Vesting Agreement, no consideration or other payment shall be due with respect to any LTIP Units that have been forfeited, other than any distributions declared with a record date prior to the effective date of the forfeiture.  In connection with any forfeiture or repurchase of LTIP Units, the balance of the portion of the Capital Account of the holder that is attributable to all of his or her LTIP Units shall be reduced by the amount, if any, by which it exceeds the target balance contemplated by Section 6.01.D of the Agreement, calculated with respect to the holder’s remaining LTIP Units, if any.

C.            Legend.  Any certificate evidencing an LTIP Unit shall bear an appropriate legend indicating that additional terms, conditions and restrictions on transfer, including without limitation any Vesting Agreement, apply to the LTIP Unit.

2.             Distributions.

A.            LTIP Distribution Amount.  Commencing from the Distribution Participation Date (as defined below) established for any LTIP Units, for any quarterly or other period holders of such LTIP Units shall be entitled to receive, if, when and as authorized by the General Partner out of funds legally available for the payment of distributions, regular cash distributions in an amount per unit equal to the distribution payable on each Class A Unit for the corresponding

 

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quarterly or other period (or, if applicable, for that portion of the quarterly or other period that begins on the Distribution Participation Date) (the “LTIP Distribution Amount”).  In addition, from and after the Distribution Participation Date, LTIP Units shall be entitled to receive, if, when and as authorized by the General Partner out of funds or other property legally available for the payment of distributions, non-liquidating special, extraordinary or other distributions in an amount per unit equal to the amount of any non-liquidating special, extraordinary or other distributions payable on the Class A Units which may be made from time to time.  LTIP Units shall also be entitled to receive, if, when and as authorized by the General Partner out of funds or other property legally available for the payment of distributions, distributions representing proceeds of a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Partnership in an amount per unit equal to the amount of any such distributions payable on the Class A Units, whether made prior to, on or after the Distribution Participation Date, provided that the amount of such distributions shall not exceed the positive balances of the Capital Accounts of the holders of such LTIP Units to the extent attributable to the ownership of such LTIP Units.  Distributions on the LTIP Units, if authorized, shall be payable on such dates and in such manner as may be authorized by the General Partner (any such date, a “Distribution Payment Date”); provided that the Distribution Payment Date and the record date for determining which holders of LTIP Units are entitled to receive a distribution shall be the same as the corresponding dates relating to the corresponding distribution on the Class A Units.

B.            Distribution Participation Date.  The “Distribution Participation Date” for each LTIP Units will be either (i) with respect to LTIP Units granted pursuant to the General Partner’s 2005 Long-Term Outperformance Program (the “2005 Outperformance Program”), the applicable Valuation Date (as defined in the Vesting Agreement of each Person granted LTIP Units under the 2005 Outperformance Program) or (ii) with respect to other LTIP Units, such date as may be specified in the Vesting Agreement or other documentation pursuant to which such LTIP Units are issued.

3.             Allocations.

Commencing with the portion of the taxable year of the Partnership that begins on the Distribution Participation Date established for any LTIP Units, such LTIP Units shall be allocated Net Income and Net Loss in amounts per LTIP Unit equal to the amounts allocated per Class A Unit.  The allocations provided by the preceding sentence shall be subject to the proviso to the first sentence of Section 6.01.B of the Agreement.  The General Partner is authorized in its discretion to delay or accelerate the participation of the LTIP Units in allocations of Net Income and Net Loss, or to adjust the allocations made after the Distribution Participation Date, so that the ratio of (i) the total amount of Net Income or Net Loss allocated with respect to each LTIP Unit in the taxable year in which that LTIP Unit’s Distribution Participation Date falls, to (ii) the total amount distributed to that LTIP Unit with respect to such period, is more nearly equal to such ratio as computed for the Class A Units held by the General Partner.

4.             Adjustments.

The Partnership shall maintain at all times a one-to-one correspondence between LTIP Units and Class A Units for conversion, distribution and other purposes, including without limitation complying with the following procedures; provided that the foregoing is not intended to alter the Capital Account Limitation (as defined in Section 7.C of this Exhibit E), the special allocations pursuant to Section 6.01.D of the Partnership Agreement, differences between non-liquidating distributions to be made with respect to the LTIP Units and Class A Units prior to the Distribution Participation Date for such LTIP Units, differences between liquidating distributions to be made with respect to the LTIP Units and Class A Units pursuant to Section 13.02 of the

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Partnership Agreement or Section 2.A of this Exhibit E in the event that the Capital Accounts attributable to the LTIP Units are less than those attributable to the Class A Units due to insufficient special allocations pursuant to Section 6.01.D of the Partnership Agreement or related provisions.  If an Adjustment Event (as defined below) occurs, then the General Partner shall make a corresponding adjustment to the LTIP Units to maintain such one-for-one correspondence between Class A Units and LTIP Units.  The following shall be “Adjustment Events”:  (A) the Partnership makes a distribution on all outstanding Class A Units in Partnership Units, (B) the Partnership subdivides the outstanding Class A Units into a greater number of units or combines the outstanding Class A Units into a smaller number of units, or (C) the Partnership issues any Partnership Units in exchange for its outstanding Class A Units by way of a reclassification or recapitalization of its Class A Units.  If more than one Adjustment Event occurs, the adjustment to the LTIP Units need be made only once using a single formula that takes into account each and every Adjustment Event as if all Adjustment Events occurred simultaneously.  For the avoidance of doubt, the following shall not be Adjustment Events: (x) the issuance of Partnership Units in a financing, reorganization, acquisition or other similar business transaction, (y) the issuance of Partnership Units pursuant to any employee benefit or compensation plan or distribution reinvestment plan, or (z) the issuance of any Partnership Units to the General Partner in respect of a capital contribution to the Partnership of proceeds from the sale of securities by the General Partner.  If the Partnership takes an action affecting the Class A Units other than actions specifically described above as Adjustment Events and in the opinion of the General Partner such action would require an adjustment to the LTIP Units to maintain the one-to-one correspondence described above, the General Partner shall have the right to make such adjustment to the LTIP Units, to the extent permitted by law and by the terms of any plan pursuant to which the LTIP Units have been issued, in such manner and at such time as the General Partner, in its sole discretion, may determine to be appropriate under the circumstances.  If an adjustment is made to the LTIP Units as herein provided the Partnership shall promptly file in the books and records of the Partnership an officer’s certificate setting forth such adjustment and a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment, which certificate shall be conclusive evidence of the correctness of such adjustment absent manifest error.  Promptly after filing of such certificate, the Partnership shall mail a notice to each holder of LTIP Units setting forth the adjustment to his or her LTIP Units and the effective date of such adjustment.

5.             Ranking.

The LTIP Units shall rank on parity with the Class A Units in all respects, subject to the proviso in the first sentence of Section 4 of this Exhibit E.

6.             No Liquidation Preference.

The LTIP Units shall have no liquidation preference.

7.             Right to Convert LTIP Units into Class A Units.

A.            Conversion Right.  A holder of LTIP Units shall have the right (the “Conversion Right”), at his or her option, at any time to convert all or a portion of his or her Vested LTIP Units into Class A Units.  Holders of LTIP Units shall not have the right to convert Unvested LTIP Units into Class A Units until they become Vested LTIP Units; provided, however, that when a holder of LTIP Units is notified of the expected occurrence of an event that will cause his or her Unvested LTIP Units to become Vested LTIP Units, such Person may give the Partnership a Conversion Notice conditioned upon and effective as of the time of vesting, and such Conversion Notice, unless subsequently revoked by the holder of the LTIP Units, shall be accepted by the Partnership subject to such condition.  The General Partner shall have the right at

 

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any time to cause a conversion of Vested LTIP Units into Class A Units.  In all cases, the conversion of any LTIP Units into Class A Units shall be subject to the conditions and procedures set forth in this Section 7.

B.            Number of Units Convertible. A holder of Vested LTIP Units may convert such Vested LTIP Units into an equal number of fully paid and non-assessable Class A Units, giving effect to all adjustments (if any) made pursuant to Section 4.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event may a holder of Vested LTIP Units convert a number of Vested LTIP Units that exceeds (x) the Economic Capital Account Balance of such holder, to the extent attributable to its ownership of LTIP Units, divided by (y) the Class A Unit Economic Balance, in each case as determined as of the effective date of conversion (the “Capital Account Limitation”).

C.            Notice.  In order to exercise his or her Conversion Right, a holder of LTIP Units shall deliver a notice (a “Conversion Notice”) in the form attached as Attachment A to this Exhibit E to the Partnership not less than 10 nor more than 60 days prior to a date (the “Conversion Date”) specified in such Conversion Notice.  Each holder of LTIP Units covenants and agrees with the Partnership that all Vested LTIP Units to be converted pursuant to this Section 7 shall be free and clear of all liens.  Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, a holder of LTIP Units may deliver a Redemption Notice pursuant to Section 8.06 of the Agreement relating to those Class A Units that will be issued to such holder upon conversion of such LTIP Units into Class A Units in advance of the Conversion Date; provided, however, that the redemption of such Class A Units by the Partnership shall in no event take place until the Conversion Date.  For clarity, it is noted that the objective of this paragraph is to put a holder of LTIP Units in a position where, if he or she so wishes, the Class A Units into which his or her Vested LTIP Units will be converted can be redeemed by the Partnership simultaneously with such conversion, with the further consequence that, if the General Partner elects to assume the Partnership’s redemption obligation with respect to such Class A Units under Section 8.06 of the Agreement by delivering to such holder Shares rather than cash, then such holder can have such Shares issued to him or her simultaneously with the conversion of his or her Vested LTIP Units into Class A Units.  The General Partner shall cooperate with a holder of LTIP Units to coordinate the timing of the different events described in the foregoing sentence.

D.            Forced Conversion.  The Partnership, at any time at the election of the General Partner, may cause any number of Vested LTIP Units held by a holder of LTIP Units to be converted (a “Forced Conversion”) into an equal number of Class A Units, giving effect to all adjustments (if any) made pursuant to Section 4; provided, that the Partnership may not cause a Forced Conversion of any LTIP Units that would not at the time be eligible for conversion at the option of the holder of such LTIP Units pursuant to Section 7.B above.  In order to exercise its right to cause a Forced Conversion, the Partnership shall deliver a notice (a “Forced Conversion Notice”) in the form attached as Attachment B to this Exhibit E to the applicable holder not less than 10 nor more than 60 days prior to the Conversion Date specified in such Forced Conversion Notice.  A Forced Conversion Notice shall be provided in the manner provided in Section 15.01 of the Agreement.

E.             Conversion Procedures.  A conversion of Vested LTIP Units for which the holder thereof has given a Conversion Notice or the Partnership has given a Forced Conversion Notice shall occur automatically after the close of business on the applicable Conversion Date without any action on the part of such holder of LTIP Units, as of which time such holder of LTIP Units shall be credited on the books and records of the Partnership with the issuance as of the opening of business on the next day of the number of Class A Units issuable upon such conversion.  After the conversion of LTIP Units as aforesaid, the Partnership shall deliver to such holder of LTIP Units, upon his or her written request, a certificate of the General Partner certifying the number of

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Class A Units and remaining LTIP Units, if any, held by such Person immediately after such conversion.

F.             Treatment of Capital Account.  For purposes of making future allocations under Section 6.01.D of the Agreement and applying the Capital Account Limitation, the portion of the Economic Capital Account balance of the applicable holder of LTIP Units that is treated as attributable to his or her LTIP Units shall be reduced, as of the date of conversion, by the product of the number of LTIP Units converted multiplied by the Class A Unit Economic Balance.

G.            Mandatory Conversion in Connection with a Transaction.  If the Partnership or the General Partner shall be a party to any transaction (including without limitation a merger, consolidation, unit exchange, self tender offer for all or substantially all Class A Units or other business combination or reorganization, or sale of all or substantially all of the Partnership’s assets, but excluding any transaction which constitutes an Adjustment Event), in each case as a result of which Class A Units shall be exchanged for or converted into the right, or the holders of Class A Units shall otherwise be entitled, to receive cash, securities or other property or any combination thereof (each of the foregoing being referred to herein as a “Transaction”), then the General Partner shall, immediately prior to the Transaction, exercise its right to cause a Forced Conversion with respect to the maximum number of LTIP Units then eligible for conversion, taking into account any allocations that occur in connection with the Transaction or that would occur in connection with the Transaction if the assets of the Partnership were sold at the Transaction price or, if applicable, at a value determined by the General Partner in good faith using the value attributed to the Partnership Units in the context of the Transaction (in which case the Conversion Date shall be the effective date of the Transaction and the conversion shall occur immediately prior to the effectiveness of the Transaction).

In anticipation of such Forced Conversion and the consummation of the Transaction, the Partnership shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause each holder of LTIP Units to be afforded the right to receive in connection with such Transaction in consideration for the Class A Units into which his or her LTIP Units will be converted the same kind and amount of cash, securities and other property (or any combination thereof) receivable upon the consummation of such Transaction by a holder of the same number of Class A Units, assuming such holder of Class A Units is not a Person with which the Partnership consolidated or into which the Partnership merged or which merged into the Partnership or to which such sale or transfer was made, as the case may be (a “Constituent Person”), or an affiliate of a Constituent Person.  In the event that holders of Class A Units have the opportunity to elect the form or type of consideration to be received upon consummation of the Transaction, prior to such Transaction the General Partner shall give prompt written notice to each holder of LTIP Units of such election, and shall use commercially reasonable efforts to afford such holders the right to elect, by written notice to the General Partner, the form or type of consideration to be received upon conversion of each LTIP Unit held by such holder into Class A Units in connection with such Transaction.  If a holder of LTIP Units fails to make such an election, such holder (and any of its transferees) shall receive upon conversion of each LTIP Unit held him or her (or by any of his or her transferees) the same kind and amount of consideration that a holder of a Class A Unit would receive if such holder of Class A Units failed to make such an election.

Subject to the rights of the Partnership and the General Partner under any Vesting Agreement and the terms of any plan under which LTIP Units are issued, the Partnership shall use commercially reasonable effort to cause the terms of any Transaction to be consistent with the provisions of this Section 7 and to enter into an agreement with the successor or purchasing entity, as the case may be, for the benefit of any holders of LTIP Units whose LTIP Units will not be converted into Class A Units in connection with the Transaction that will (i) contain provisions enabling the holders of LTIP Units that remain outstanding after such Transaction to convert their

 

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LTIP Units into securities as comparable as reasonably possible under the circumstances to the Class A Units and (ii) preserve as far as reasonably possible under the circumstances the distribution, special allocation, conversion, and other rights set forth in the Agreement for the benefit of the holders of LTIP Units.

8.             Redemption at the Option of the Partnership.

LTIP Units will not be redeemable at the option of the Partnership; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not prohibit the Partnership from repurchasing LTIP Units from the holder thereof if and to the extent such holder agrees to sell such Units.

9.             Voting Rights.

A.            Voting with Class A Units.  Holders of LTIP Units shall have the right to vote on all matters submitted to a vote of the holders of Class A Units; holders of LTIP Units and Class A Units shall vote together as a single class, together with any other class or series of units of limited partnership interest in the Partnership upon which like voting rights have been conferred.  In any matter in which the LTIP Units are entitled to vote, including an action by written consent, each LTIP Unit shall be entitled to vote a Percentage Interest equal on a per unit basis to the Percentage Interest of the Class A Units.

B.            Special Approval Rights.  In addition to, and not in limitation of, the provisions of Section 9.A above (and notwithstanding anything appearing to be contrary in the Agreement), the General Partner and/or the Partnership shall not, without the affirmative consent of the holders of sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66 2/3%) of the then outstanding LTIP Units, given in person or by proxy, either in writing or at a meeting, take any action that would materially and adversely alter, change, modify or amend the rights, powers or privileges of the LTIP Units; but subject in any event to the following provisions: (i) no consent of the holders of LTIP Units will be required if and to the extent that any such alteration, change, modification or amendment would similarly alter, change, modify or amend the rights, powers or privileges of the Class A Units; (ii) with respect to the occurrence of any merger, consolidation or other business combination or reorganization, so long as the LTIP Units either (x) are all converted into Class A Units immediately prior to the effectiveness of the transaction, (y) remain outstanding with the terms thereof materially unchanged or (z) if the Partnership is not the surviving entity in such transaction, are exchanged for a security of the surviving entity with terms that are materially the same with respect to rights to allocations, distributions, redemption, conversion and voting as the LTIP Units and without any income, gain or loss expected to be recognized by the holder upon the exchange for federal income tax purposes (and with the terms of the Class A Units or such other securities into which the LTIP Units (or the substitute security therefor) are convertible materially the same with respect to rights to allocations, distributions, redemption, conversion and voting), the occurrence of any such event shall not be deemed to materially and adversely alter, change, modify or amend the rights, powers or privileges of the LTIP Units, provided further, that if some, but not all, of the LTIP Units are converted into Class A Units immediately prior to the effectiveness of the transaction (and neither clause (y) or (z) above is applicable), then the consent required pursuant to this Section will be the consent of the holders of sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66 2/3%) of the LTIP Units to be outstanding following such conversion; (iii) any creation or issuance of any Class A Units or of any class of series of common or preferred units of the Partnership (whether ranking junior to, on a parity with or senior to the LTIP Units with respect to payment of distributions, redemption rights and the distribution of assets upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up), which either (x) does not require the consent of the holders of Class A Units or (y) does require such consent and is authorized by a vote of the holders of Class A Units; and LTIP Units voting together as a single class, together with any

 

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other class or series of units of limited partnership interest in the Partnership upon which like voting rights have been conferred, shall not be deemed to materially and adversely alter, change, modify or amend the rights, powers or privileges of the LTIP Units; and (iv) any waiver by the Partnership of restrictions or limitations applicable to any outstanding LTIP Units with respect to any holder or holders thereof shall not be deemed to materially and adversely alter, change, modify or amend the rights, powers or privileges of the LTIP Units with respect to other holders.  The foregoing voting provisions will not apply if, as of or prior to the time when the action with respect to which such vote would otherwise be required will be taken or be effective, all outstanding LTIP Units shall have been converted and/or redeemed, or provision is made for such redemption and/or conversion to occur as of or prior to such time.

 

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Attachment A to Exhibit E

 

Notice of Election by Partner to Convert
LTIP Units into Class A Units

The undersigned holder of LTIP Units hereby irrevocably elects to convert the number of Vested LTIP Units in GKK Capital LP (the “Partnership”) set forth below into Class A Units in accordance with the terms of the Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of the Partnership, as amended.  The undersigned hereby represents, warrants, and certifies that the undersigned: (a) has title to such LTIP Units, free and clear of the rights or interests of any other person or entity other than the Partnership; (b) has the full right, power, and authority to cause the conversion of such LTIP Units as provided herein; and (c) has obtained the consent or approval of all persons or entities, if any, having the right to consent or approve such conversion.

 

Name of Holder:

 

 

 

(Please Print: Exact Name as Registered with Partnership)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Number of LTIP Units to be Converted:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Conversion Date:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Signature of Holder: Sign Exact Name as Registered with Partnership)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Street Address)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(City)

 

(State)

 

(Zip Code)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Signature Guaranteed by:

 

 



 

Attachment B to Exhibit E

 

Notice of Election by Partnership to Force Conversion
of LTIP Units into Class A Units

GKK Capital LP (the “Partnership”) hereby irrevocably elects to cause the number of LTIP Units held by the holder of LTIP Units set forth below to be converted into Class A Units in accordance with the terms of the Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of the Partnership, as amended.

 

Name of Holder:

 

 

 

(Please Print: Exact Name as Registered with Partnership)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Number of LTIP Units to be Converted:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Conversion Date:

 

 

 

 

 


EX-10.24 3 a06-1973_1ex10d24.htm MATERIAL CONTRACTS

Exhibit 10.24

 

AMENDED AND RESTATED TRUST AGREEMENT

 

among

 

 

GKK CAPITAL LP,

as Depositor

 

 

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as Property Trustee

 

 

CHASE BANK USA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as Delaware Trustee

 

and

 

THE ADMINISTRATIVE TRUSTEES NAMED HEREIN,

as Administrative Trustees

 

 

Dated as of January 27, 2006

 

 

GRAMERCY CAPITAL TRUST III

 



 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

Page

 

 

 

ARTICLE I

DEFINED TERMS

1

 

 

SECTION 1.1.

Definitions

1

 

 

ARTICLE II

THE TRUST

11

 

 

SECTION 2.1.

Name

11

 

 

 

SECTION 2.2.

Office of the Delaware Trustee; Office of the Trust

11

 

 

 

SECTION 2.3.

Initial Contribution of Trust Property; Fees, Costs and Expenses

11

 

 

 

SECTION 2.4.

Purposes of Trust

12

 

 

 

SECTION 2.5.

Authorization to Enter into Certain Transactions

12

 

 

 

SECTION 2.6.

Assets of Trust

14

 

 

 

SECTION 2.7.

Title to Trust Property

15

 

 

ARTICLE III

PAYMENT ACCOUNT; PAYING AGENTS

15

 

 

SECTION 3.1.

Payment Account

15

 

 

 

SECTION 3.2.

Appointment of Paying Agents

15

 

 

ARTICLE IV

DISTRIBUTIONS; REDEMPTION

16

 

 

SECTION 4.1.

Distributions

16

 

 

 

SECTION 4.2.

Redemption

18

 

 

 

SECTION 4.3.

Subordination of Common Securities

20

 

 

 

SECTION 4.4.

Payment Procedures

21

 

 

 

SECTION 4.5.

Withholding Tax

21

 

 

 

SECTION 4.6.

Tax Returns and Other Reports

21

 

 

 

SECTION 4.7.

Payment of Taxes, Duties, Etc. of the Trust

22

 

 

 

SECTION 4.8.

Payments under Indenture or Pursuant to Direct Actions

22

 

 

 

SECTION 4.9.

Exchanges

22

 

 

 

SECTION 4.10.

Calculation Agent

23

 

 

 

SECTION 4.11.

Certain Accounting Matters

23

 

 

ARTICLE V

SECURITIES

24

 

 

SECTION 5.1.

Initial Ownership

24

 

 

 

SECTION 5.2.

Authorized Trust Securities

25

 

 

 

SECTION 5.3

Issuance of the Common Securities; Subscription and Purchase of Notes

25

i



 

 

 

 

Page

 

 

 

SECTION 5.4.

The Securities Certificates

25

 

 

 

SECTION 5.5.

Rights of Holders

26

 

 

 

SECTION 5.6.

Book-Entry Preferred Securities

26

 

 

 

SECTION 5.7.

Registration of Transfer and Exchange of Preferred Securities Certificates

28

 

 

 

SECTION 5.8.

Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Securities Certificates

29

 

 

 

SECTION 5.9.

Persons Deemed Holders

30

 

 

 

SECTION 5.10.

Cancellation

30

 

 

 

SECTION 5.11.

Ownership of Common Securities by Depositor

31

 

 

 

SECTION 5.12.

Restricted Legends

31

 

 

 

SECTION 5.13.

Form of Certificate of Authentication

33

 

 

ARTICLE VI

MEETINGS; VOTING; ACTS OF HOLDERS

34

 

 

SECTION 6.1.

Notice of Meetings

34

 

 

 

SECTION 6.2.

Meetings of Holders of the Preferred Securities

34

 

 

 

SECTION 6.3.

Voting Rights

34

 

 

 

SECTION 6.4.

Proxies, Etc

34

 

 

 

SECTION 6.5.

Holder Action by Written Consent

35

 

 

 

SECTION 6.6.

Record Date for Voting and Other Purposes

35

 

 

 

SECTION 6.7.

Acts of Holders

35

 

 

 

SECTION 6.8.

Inspection of Records

36

 

 

 

SECTION 6.9.

Limitations on Voting Rights

36

 

 

 

SECTION 6.10.

Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission of Annulment; Waivers of Past Defaults

37

 

 

ARTICLE VII

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

39

 

 

SECTION 7.1.

Representations and Warranties of the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee

39

 

 

 

SECTION 7.2.

Representations and Warranties of Depositor

40

 

 

ARTICLE VIII

THE TRUSTEES

41

 

 

SECTION 8.1.

Number of Trustees

41

 

 

 

SECTION 8.2.

Property Trustee Required

42

 

 

 

SECTION 8.3.

Delaware Trustee Required

42

 

ii



 

 

 

Page

 

 

 

SECTION 8.4.

Appointment of Administrative Trustees

43

 

 

 

SECTION 8.5.

Duties and Responsibilities of the Trustees

43

 

 

 

SECTION 8.6.

Notices of Defaults and Extensions

44

 

 

 

SECTION 8.7.

Certain Rights of Property Trustee

45

 

 

 

SECTION 8.8.

Delegation of Power

47

 

 

 

SECTION 8.9.

May Hold Securities

47

 

 

 

SECTION 8.10.

Compensation; Reimbursement; Indemnity

48

 

 

 

SECTION 8.11.

Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor

49

 

 

 

SECTION 8.12.

Acceptance of Appointment by Successor

50

 

 

 

SECTION 8.13.

Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business

50

 

 

 

SECTION 8.14.

Not Responsible for Recitals Issuance of Securities and Representations

51

 

 

 

SECTION 8.15.

Property Trustee May File Proofs of Claim

51

 

 

 

SECTION 8.16.

Reports to the Property Trustee

52

 

 

ARTICLE IX

TERMINATION, LIQUIDATION AND MERGER

52

 

 

SECTION 9.1.

Dissolution Upon Expiration Date

52

 

 

 

SECTION 9.2.

Early Termination

52

 

 

 

SECTION 9.3.

Termination

53

 

 

 

SECTION 9.4.

Liquidation

53

 

 

 

SECTION 9.5.

Mergers, Consolidations, Amalgamations or Replacements of Trust

55

 

 

ARTICLE X

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

56

 

 

SECTION 10.1.

Limitation of Rights of Holders

56

 

 

 

SECTION 10.2.

Agreed Tax Treatment of Trust and Trust Securities

56

 

 

 

SECTION 10.3.

Amendment

56

 

 

 

SECTION 10.4.

Separability

58

 

 

 

SECTION 10.5.

Governing Law

58

 

 

 

SECTION 10.6.

Successors

58

 

 

 

SECTION 10.7.

Headings

58

 

 

 

SECTION 10.8.

Reports, Notices and Demands

58

 

iii



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SECTION 10.9.

Agreement Not to Petition

59

 

 

 

SECTION 10.10.

Counterparts.

60

 

Exhibit A

 

Certificate of Trust of Gramercy Capital Trust III

Exhibit B

 

Form of Common Securities Certificate

Exhibit C

 

Form of Preferred Securities Certificate

Exhibit D

 

Junior Subordinated Indenture

Exhibit E

 

Form of Transferee Certificate to be Executed for Transferees

Exhibit F

 

Form of Officer’s Financial Certificate of the Depositor

 

iv



 

THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED TRUST AGREEMENT, dated as of January 27, 2006, among (i) GKK Capital LP, a Delaware limited partnership (including any successors or permitted assigns, the “Depositor”), (ii) JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, a national banking association, as property trustee (in such capacity, the “Property Trustee”), (iii) Chase Bank USA, National Association, a national banking association, as Delaware trustee (in such capacity, the “Delaware Trustee”), (iv) Marc Holliday, an individual, Gregory F. Hughes, an individual and Hugh Hall, an individual, each of whose address is c/o GKK Capital LP, 420 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10170, as administrative trustees (in such capacities, each an “Administrative Trustee” and, collectively, the “Administrative Trustees” and, together with the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee, the “Trustees”) and (v) the several Holders, as hereinafter defined.

 

WITNESSETH

 

WHEREAS, the Depositor and the Delaware Trustee have heretofore created a Delaware statutory trust pursuant to the Delaware Statutory Trust Act by entering into a Trust Agreement, dated as of January 27, 2006 (the “Original Trust Agreement”), and by executing and filing with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware the Certificate of Trust, substantially in the form attached as Exhibit A; and

 

WHEREAS, the Depositor and the Trustees desire to amend and restate the Original Trust Agreement in its entirety as set forth herein to provide for, among other things, (i) the issuance of the Common Securities by the Trust to the Depositor, (ii) the issuance and sale of the Preferred Securities by the Trust pursuant to the Purchase Agreements and (iii) the acquisition by the Trust from the Depositor of all of the right, title and interest in and to the Notes (as hereinafter defined);

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the agreements and obligations set forth herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, each party, for the benefit of the other parties and for the benefit of the Holders, hereby amends and restates the Original Trust Agreement in its entirety and agrees as follows:

 

ARTICLE I

DEFINED TERMS

 

SECTION 1.1.  Definitions.

 

For all purposes of this Trust Agreement, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires:

 

(a)           the terms defined in this Article I have the meanings assigned to them in this Article I;

 

(b)           the words “include”, “includes” and “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation”;

 

A-1



 

(c)           all accounting terms used but not defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles;

 

(d)           unless the context otherwise requires, any reference to an “Article”, a “Section”, a “Schedule” or an “Exhibit” refers to an Article, a Section, a Schedule or an Exhibit, as the case may be, of or to this Trust Agreement;

 

(e)           the words “hereby,” “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Trust Agreement as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision;

 

(f)            a reference to the singular includes the plural and vice versa; and

 

(g)           the masculine, feminine or neuter genders used herein shall include the masculine, feminine and neuter genders.

 

Act” has the meaning specified in Section 6.7.

 

Additional Interest” has the meaning specified in Section 1.1 of the Indenture.

 

Additional Interest Amount” means, with respect to Trust Securities of a given Liquidation Amount and/or a given period, the amount of Additional Interest paid by the Depositor on a Like Amount of Notes for such period.

 

Additional Taxes” has the meaning specified in Section 1.1 of the Indenture.

 

Additional Tax Sums” has the meaning specified in Section 10.5 of the Indenture.

 

Administrative Trustee” means each of the Persons identified as an “Administrative Trustee” in the preamble to this Trust Agreement, solely in each such Person’s capacity as Administrative Trustee of the Trust and not in such Person’s individual capacity, or any successor Administrative Trustee appointed as herein provided.

 

Affiliate” of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person.  For the purposes of this definition, “control” when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the foregoing.

 

Applicable Depositary Proceduresmeans, with respect to any transfer or transaction involving a Book-Entry Preferred Security, the rules and procedures of the Depositary for such Book-Entry Preferred Security, in each case to the extent applicable to such transaction and as in effect from time to time.

 

Bankruptcy Event means, with respect to any Person:

 

F-2



 

(a) the entry of a decree or order by a court having jurisdiction in the premises (i) judging such Person a bankrupt or insolvent, (ii) approving as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization, arrangement, adjudication or composition of or in respect of such Person under any applicable Federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law, (iii) appointing a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator or other similar official of such Person or of any substantial part of its property or (iv) ordering the winding up or liquidation of its affairs, and the continuance of any such decree or order unstayed and in effect for a period of sixty (60) consecutive days; or

 

(b) the institution by such Person of proceedings to be adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent, or the consent by it to the institution of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings against it, or the filing by it of a petition or answer or consent seeking reorganization or relief under any applicable Federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law, or the consent by it to the filing of any such petition or to the appointment of a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator or similar official of such Person or of any substantial part of its property, or the making by it of an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the admission by it in writing of its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due and its willingness to be adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent, or the taking of corporate action by such Person in furtherance of any such action.

 

Bankruptcy Lawsmeans all Federal and state bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and other similar laws, including the United States Bankruptcy Code.

 

Book-Entry Preferred Securitymeans a Preferred Security, the ownership and transfers of which shall be made through book entries by a Depositary.

 

Business Daymeans a day other than (a) a Saturday or Sunday, (b) a day on which banking institutions in the City of New York are authorized or required by law or executive order to remain closed or (c) a day on which the Corporate Trust Office is closed for business.

 

Calculation Agent has the meaning specified in Section 4.10.

 

Closing Date has the meaning specified in the Purchase Agreements.

 

Codemeans the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

Commissionmeans the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act or, if at any time after the execution of this Trust Agreement such Commission is not existing and performing the duties assigned to it, then the body performing such duties at such time.

 

F-3



 

Common Securities Certificate means a certificate evidencing ownership of Common Securities, substantially in the form attached as Exhibit B.

 

Common Securitymeans an undivided beneficial interest in the assets of the Trust, having a Liquidation Amount of $1,000 and having the rights provided therefor in this Trust Agreement.

 

Corporate Trust Office means the principal office of the Property Trustee at which at any particular time its corporate trust business shall be administered, which office at the date of this Trust Agreement is located at 600 Travis, 50th Floor, Houston, Texas 77019, Attn: Worldwide Securities Services—Gramercy Capital Trust III.  Initially, all notices and correspondence shall be addressed to Mudassir Mohamed, telephone (713) 216-2826.

 

Definitive Preferred Securities Certificates means Preferred Securities issued in certificated, fully registered form that are not Global Preferred Securities.

 

Delaware Statutory Trust Act means Chapter 38 of Title 12 of the Delaware Code, 12 Del. Code § 3801 et seq., or any successor statute thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.

 

Delaware Trusteemeans the Person identified as the “Delaware Trustee” in the preamble to this Trust Agreement, solely in its capacity as Delaware Trustee of the Trust and not in its individual capacity, or its successor in interest in such capacity, or any successor Delaware Trustee appointed as herein provided.

 

Depositarymeans an organization registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act that is designated as Depositary by the Depositor or any successor thereto. DTC will be the initial Depositary.

 

Depositary Participantmeans a broker, dealer, bank, other financial institution or other Person for whom from time to time the Depositary effects book-entry transfers and pledges of securities deposited with the Depositary.

 

Depositor has the meaning specified in the preamble to this Trust Agreement and any successors and permitted assigns.

 

Depositor Affiliate has the meaning specified in Section 4.9.

 

Distribution Date has the meaning specified in Section 4.1(a)(i).

 

Distributionsmeans amounts payable in respect of the Trust Securities as provided in Section 4.1.

 

DTC means The Depository Trust Company, a New York corporation, or any successor thereto.

 

Early Termination Event has the meaning specified in Section 9.2.

 

F-4



 

EDGAR” has the meaning specified in Section 4.11(c).

 

Event of Default means any one of the following events (whatever the reason for such event and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body):

 

(a) the occurrence of a Note Event of Default; or

 

(b) default by the Trust in the payment of any Distribution when it becomes due and payable, and continuation of such default for a period of thirty (30) days; or

 

(c) default by the Trust in the payment of any Redemption Price of any Trust Security when it becomes due and payable; or

 

(d) default in the performance, or breach, in any material respect of any covenant or warranty of the Trustees in this Trust Agreement (other than those specified in clause (b) or (c) above) and continuation of such default or breach for a period of thirty (30) days after there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Trustees and to the Depositor by the Holders of at least twenty five percent (25%) in aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Outstanding Preferred Securities a written notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder; or

 

(e) the occurrence of a Bankruptcy Event with respect to the Property Trustee if a successor Property Trustee has not been appointed within ninety (90) days thereof.

 

Exchange Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and any successor statute thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.

 

Expiration Date has the meaning specified in Section 9.1.

 

Extension Period” has the meaning specified in Section 4.1(a)(ii).

 

Fiscal Year shall be the fiscal year of the Trust, which shall be the calendar year, or such other period as is required by the Code.

 

Fixed Rate Period” shall mean the period through the interest payment date in January 2016.

 

Global Preferred Securitymeans a Preferred Securities Certificate evidencing ownership of Book-Entry Preferred Securities.

 

F-5



 

Holdermeans a Person in whose name a Trust Security or Trust Securities are registered in the Securities Register; any such Person shall be deemed to be a beneficial owner within the meaning of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act.

 

Indemnified Person has the meaning specified in Section 8.10(c).

 

Indenture means the Junior Subordinated Indenture executed and delivered by the Depositor and the Note Trustee contemporaneously with the execution and delivery of this Trust Agreement, for the benefit of the holders of the Notes, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit D, as amended or supplemented from time to time.

 

Interest Payment Date” has the meaning specified in Section 1.1 of the Indenture.

 

Investment Company Act means the Investment Company Act of 1940, or any successor statute thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.

 

Investment Company Event” has the meaning specified in Section 1.1 of the Indenture.

 

LIBOR has the meaning specified in Schedule A.

 

LIBOR Business Day has the meaning specified in Schedule A.

 

LIBOR Determination Date has the meaning specified in Schedule A.

 

Lien means any lien, pledge, charge, encumbrance, mortgage, deed of trust, adverse ownership interest, hypothecation, assignment, security interest or preference, priority or other security agreement or preferential arrangement of any kind or nature whatsoever.

 

Like Amount means (a) with respect to a redemption of any Trust Securities, Trust Securities having a Liquidation Amount equal to the principal amount of Notes to be contemporaneously redeemed or paid at maturity in accordance with the Indenture, the proceeds of which will be used to pay the Redemption Price of such Trust Securities, (b) with respect to a distribution of Notes to Holders of Trust Securities in connection with a dissolution of the Trust, Notes having a principal amount equal to the Liquidation Amount of the Trust Securities of the Holder to whom such Notes are distributed and (c) with respect to any distribution of Additional Interest Amounts to Holders of Trust Securities, Notes having a principal amount equal to the Liquidation Amount of the Trust Securities in respect of which such distribution is made.

 

Liquidation Amount means the stated amount of $1,000 per Trust Security.

 

Liquidation Date means the date on which assets are to be distributed to Holders in accordance with Section 9.4(a) hereunder following dissolution of the Trust.

 

Liquidation Distribution has the meaning specified in Section 9.4(d).

 

Majority in Liquidation Amount means Common or Preferred Securities, as the case may be, representing more than fifty percent (50%) of the aggregate Liquidation Amount of all (or a specified group of) then Outstanding Common or Preferred Securities, as the case may be.

 

F-6



 

Note Event of Default means any “Event of Default” specified in Section 5.1 of the Indenture.

 

Note Redemption Date means, with respect to any Notes to be redeemed under the Indenture, the date fixed for redemption of such Notes under the Indenture.

 

Note Trusteemeans the Person identified as the “Trustee” in the Indenture, solely in its capacity as Trustee pursuant to the Indenture and not in its individual capacity, or its successor in interest in such capacity, or any successor Trustee appointed as provided in the Indenture.

 

Notesmeans the Depositor’s Floating Rate Junior Subordinated Notes issued pursuant to the Indenture.

 

Officers’ Certificate means a certificate signed by the Chief Executive Officer, the President or an Executive Vice President, and by the Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, of the Depositor, and delivered to the Trustees. Any Officers’ Certificate delivered with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Trust Agreement (other than the certificate provided pursuant to Section 8.16 which is not an Officers’ Certificate) shall include:

 

(a) a statement by each officer signing the Officers’ Certificate that such officer has read the covenant or condition and the definitions relating thereto;

 

(b)  a brief statement of the nature and scope of the examination or investigation undertaken by such officer in rendering the Officers’ Certificate;

 

(c) a statement that such officer has made such examination or investigation as, in such officer’s opinion, is necessary to enable such officer to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and

 

(d) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of such officer, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

 

Operative Documentsmeans the Purchase Agreements, the Indenture, the Trust Agreement, the Notes and the Trust Securities.

 

Opinion of Counsel means a written opinion of counsel, who may be counsel for, or an employee of, the Depositor or any Affiliate of the Depositor.

 

Optional Note Redemption Pricemeans, with respect to any Note to be redeemed on any Redemption Date under the Indenture, an amount equal to one hundred percent (100%) of the outstanding principal amount of such Note, together with accrued interest, including any Additional Interest (to the extent legally enforceable), thereon through but not including the date fixed as such Redemption Date.

 

F-7



 

Optional Redemption Pricemeans, with respect to any Trust Security, an amount equal to one hundred percent (100%) of the Liquidation Amount of such Trust Security on the Redemption Date, plus accumulated and unpaid Distributions to the Redemption Date, plus the related amount of the premium, if any, and/or accrued interest, including Additional Interest, if any, thereon paid by the Depositor upon the concurrent redemption or payment at maturity of a Like Amount of Notes.

 

Original Trust Agreement has the meaning specified in the recitals to this Trust Agreement.

 

Outstanding, when used with respect to any Trust Securities, means, as of the date of determination, all Trust Securities theretofore executed and delivered under this Trust Agreement, except:

 

(a) Trust Securities theretofore canceled by the Property Trustee or delivered to the Property Trustee for cancellation;

 

(b) Trust Securities for which payment or redemption money in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Property Trustee or any Paying Agent in trust for the Holders of such Trust Securities; provided that if such Trust Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Trust Agreement; and

 

(c) Trust Securities that have been paid or in exchange for or in lieu of which other Trust Securities have been executed and delivered pursuant to the provisions of this Trust Agreement, unless proof satisfactory to the Property Trustee is presented that any such Trust Securities are held by Holders in whose hands such Trust Securities are valid, legal and binding obligations of the Trust;

 

provided that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite Liquidation Amount of the Outstanding Preferred Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, Preferred Securities owned by the Depositor, any Trustee or any Affiliate of the Depositor or of any Trustee shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that (i) in determining whether any Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Preferred Securities that such Trustee knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded and (ii) the foregoing shall not apply at any time when all of the Outstanding Preferred Securities are owned by the Depositor, one or more of the Trustees and/or any such Affiliate. Preferred Securities so owned that have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Administrative Trustees the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Preferred Securities and that the pledgee is not the Depositor, any Trustee or any Affiliate of the Depositor or of any Trustee.

 

F-8



 

Ownermeans each Person who is the beneficial owner of Book-Entry Preferred Securities as reflected in the records of the Depositary or, if a Depositary Participant is not the beneficial owner, then the beneficial owner as reflected in the records of the Depositary Participant.

 

Paying Agent means any Person authorized by the Administrative Trustees to pay Distributions or other amounts in respect of any Trust Securities on behalf of the Trust.

 

Payment Account means a segregated non-interest-bearing corporate trust account maintained by the Property Trustee for the benefit of the Holders in which all amounts paid in respect of the Notes will be held and from which the Property Trustee, through the Paying Agent, shall make payments to the Holders in accordance with Section 3.1, Section 4.1 and Section 4.2.

 

Personmeans a legal person, including any individual, corporation, estate, partnership, joint venture, association, joint stock company, company, limited liability company, trust, unincorporated association or government, or any agency or political subdivision thereof, or any other entity of whatever nature.

 

Preferred Securitymeans an undivided beneficial interest in the assets of the Trust, having a Liquidation Amount of $1,000 and having the rights provided therefor in this Trust Agreement.

 

Preferred Securities Certificate means a certificate evidencing ownership of Preferred Securities, substantially in the form attached as Exhibit C.

 

Property Trusteemeans the Person identified as the “Property Trustee” in the preamble to this Trust Agreement, solely in its capacity as Property Trustee of the Trust and not in its individual capacity, or its successor in interest in such capacity, or any successor Property Trustee appointed as herein provided.

 

Purchase Agreementsmeans the two (2) Purchase Agreements, each executed and delivered by the Trust, the Depositor and the Purchaser(s) named therein, as purchasers, contemporaneously with the execution and delivery of this Trust Agreement, as amended from time to time.

 

QIB” means a “qualified institutional buyer” as defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

QP” means a “qualified purchaser” as defined in Section 2(a)(51) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

 

QIB/QP” means a QIB that is also a QP.

 

Redemption Date means, with respect to any Trust Security to be redeemed, the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this Trust Agreement; provided that each Note Redemption Date and the stated maturity (or any date of principal repayment upon early maturity) of the Notes shall be a Redemption Date for a Like Amount of Trust Securities.

 

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Redemption Pricemeans the Special Redemption Price or Optional Redemption Price, as applicable.  If the Depositor has redeemed the Notes at the Special Note Redemption Price, the Trust shall redeem the Trust Securities at the Special Redemption Price.  If the Depositor has redeemed the Notes at the Optional Note Redemption Price, the Trust shall redeem the Trust Securities at the Optional Redemption Price.

 

Reference Banks has the meaning specified in Schedule A.

 

Responsible Officermeans, with respect to the Property Trustee, the officer in the Worldwide Securities Services department of the Property Trustee having direct responsibility for the administration of this Trust Agreement.

 

Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933, and any successor statute thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.

 

Securities Certificate means any one of the Common Securities Certificates or the Preferred Securities Certificates.

 

Securities Register and “Securities Registrar” have the respective meanings specified in Section 5.7.

 

Special Note Redemption Price means, with respect to any Note to be redeemed on any Redemption Date under the Indenture, an amount equal to one hundred seven and one half percent (107.5%) of the outstanding principal amount of such Note, together with accrued interest, including Additional Interest, thereon through but not including the date fixed as such Redemption Date.

 

Special Redemption Pricemeans, with respect to any Trust Security, an amount equal to one hundred seven and one half percent (107.5%) of the Liquidation Amount of such Trust Security on the Redemption Date, plus accumulated and unpaid Distributions to the Redemption Date, and/or accrued interest, including Additional Interest, if any, thereon paid by the Depositor upon the concurrent redemption or payment at maturity of a Like Amount of Notes.

 

Successor Securitieshas the meaning specified in Section 9.5(a).

 

Tax Event” has the meaning specified in Section 1.1 of the Indenture.

 

Trustmeans the Delaware statutory trust known as “Gramercy Capital Trust III,” which was created on January 27, 2006 under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act pursuant to the Original Trust Agreement and the filing of the Certificate of Trust, and continued pursuant to this Trust Agreement.

 

Trust Agreementmeans this Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, as the same may be modified, amended or supplemented from time to time in accordance with the applicable provisions hereof, including all Schedules and Exhibits.

 

Trusteesmeans the Administrative Trustees, the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee, each as defined in this Article I.

 

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Trust Propertymeans (a) the Notes, (b) any cash on deposit in, or owing to, the Payment Account and (c) all proceeds and rights in respect of the foregoing and any other property and assets for the time being held or deemed to be held by the Property Trustee pursuant to the trusts of this Trust Agreement.

 

Trust Securitymeans any one of the Common Securities or the Preferred Securities.

 

ARTICLE II

THE TRUST

 

SECTION 2.1.  Name.

 

The trust continued hereby shall be known as “Gramercy Capital Trust III”, as such name may be modified from time to time by the Administrative Trustees following written notice to the Holders of Trust Securities and the other Trustees, in which name the Trustees may conduct the business of the Trust, make and execute contracts and other instruments on behalf of the Trust and sue and be sued.

 

SECTION 2.2.  Office of the Delaware Trustee; Office of the Trust.

 

The address of the Delaware Trustee in the State of Delaware is Chase Bank USA, National Association, 500 Stanton Christiana Road, Building 4 (3rd Floor), Newark, DE 19713, Attention:  Worldwide Securities Services, or such other address in the State of Delaware as the Delaware Trustee may designate by written notice to the Holders, the Depositor, the Property Trustee and the Administrative Trustees. The principal executive office of the Trust is 420 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10170, Attention:  Gregory F. Hughes, as such address may be changed from time to time by the Administrative Trustees following written notice to the Holders and the other Trustees.

 

SECTION 2.3.  Initial Contribution of Trust Property; Fees, Costs and Expenses.

 

The Property Trustee acknowledges receipt from the Depositor in connection with the Original Trust Agreement of the sum of ten dollars ($10), which constituted the initial Trust Property. The Depositor shall pay all fees, costs and expenses of the Trust (except with respect to the Trust Securities) as they arise or shall, upon request of any Trustee, promptly reimburse such Trustee for any such fees, costs and expenses paid by such Trustee. The Depositor shall make no claim upon the Trust Property for the payment of such fees, costs or expenses.

 

SECTION 2.4.  Purposes of Trust.

 

(a)           The exclusive purposes and functions of the Trust are to (i) issue and sell Trust Securities and use the proceeds from such sale to acquire the Notes and (ii)  engage in only those activities necessary or incidental thereto. The Delaware Trustee, the Property Trustee and the Administrative Trustees are trustees of the Trust, and have all the rights, powers and duties to the extent set forth herein.  The Trustees hereby acknowledge that they are trustees of the Trust.

 

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(b)           So long as this Trust Agreement remains in effect, the Trust (or the Trustees acting on behalf of the Trust) shall not undertake any business, activities or transaction except as expressly provided herein or contemplated hereby. In particular, the Trust (or the Trustees acting on behalf of the Trust) shall not (i) acquire any investments or engage in any activities not authorized by this Trust Agreement, (ii) sell, assign, transfer, exchange, mortgage, pledge, set-off or otherwise dispose of any of the Trust Property or interests therein, including to Holders, except as expressly provided herein, (iii) incur any indebtedness for borrowed money or issue any other debt, (iv) take or consent to any action that would result in the placement of a Lien on any of the Trust Property, (v) take or consent to any action that would reasonably be expected to cause the Trust to become taxable as a corporation or classified as other than a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes, (vi) take or consent to any action that would cause the Notes to be treated as other than indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal income tax purposes or (vii) take or consent to any action that would cause the Trust to be deemed to be an “investment company” required to be registered under the Investment Company Act.

 

SECTION 2.5.  Authorization to Enter into Certain Transactions.

 

(a)           The Trustees shall conduct the affairs of the Trust in accordance with and subject to the terms of this Trust Agreement. In accordance with the following provisions (i) and (ii), the Trustees shall have the authority to enter into all transactions and agreements determined by the Trustees to be appropriate in exercising the authority, express or implied, otherwise granted to the Trustees, under this Trust Agreement, and to perform all acts in furtherance thereof, including the following:

 

(i)            As among the Trustees, each Administrative Trustee shall severally have the power and authority to act on behalf of the Trust with respect to the following matters:

 

(A)          the issuance and sale of the Trust Securities;

 

(B)           to cause the Trust to enter into, and to execute, deliver and perform on behalf of the Trust, such agreements as may be necessary or desirable in connection with the purposes and function of the Trust, including, without limitation, a common securities subscription agreement and a junior subordinated note purchase agreement;

 

(C)           assisting in the sale of the Preferred Securities in one or more transactions exempt from registration under the Securities Act, and in compliance with applicable state securities or blue sky laws;

 

(D)          assisting in the sending of notices (other than notices of default) and other information regarding the Trust Securities and the Notes to the Holders in accordance with this Trust Agreement;

 

(E)           the appointment of a Paying Agent and Securities Registrar in accordance with this Trust Agreement;

 

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(F)           execution of the Trust Securities on behalf of the Trust in accordance with this Trust Agreement;

 

(G)           execution and delivery of closing certificates, if any, pursuant to the Purchase Agreements and application for a taxpayer identification number for the Trust;

 

(H)          preparation and filing of all applicable tax returns and tax information reports that are required to be filed on behalf of the Trust;

 

(I)            establishing a record date with respect to all actions to be taken hereunder that require a record date to be established, except as provided in Section 6.10(a);

 

(J)            unless otherwise required by the Delaware Statutory Trust Act to execute on behalf of the Trust (either acting alone or together with the other Administrative Trustees) any documents that such Administrative Trustee has the power to execute pursuant to this Trust Agreement; and

 

(K)          the taking of any action incidental to the foregoing as such Administrative Trustee may from time to time determine is necessary or advisable to give effect to the terms of this Trust Agreement.

 

(ii)           As among the Trustees, the Property Trustee shall have the power, duty and authority to act on behalf of the Trust with respect to the following matters:

 

(A)          the receipt and holding of legal title of the Notes;

 

(B)           the establishment of the Payment Account;

 

(C)           the collection of interest, principal and any other payments made in respect of the Notes and the holding of such amounts in the Payment Account;

 

(D)          the distribution through the Paying Agent of amounts distributable to the Holders in respect of the Trust Securities;

 

(E)           the exercise of all of the rights, powers and privileges of a holder of the Notes in accordance with the terms of this Trust Agreement;

 

(F)           the sending of notices of default and other information regarding the Trust Securities and the Notes to the Holders in accordance with this Trust Agreement;

 

(G)           the distribution of the Trust Property in accordance with the terms of this Trust Agreement;

 

(H)          to the extent provided in this Trust Agreement, the winding up of the affairs of and liquidation of the Trust, provided that the Administrative

 

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Trustees shall have the power, duty and authority to act on behalf of the Trust with respect to the preparation, execution and filing of the certificate of cancellation of the Trust with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware; and

 

(I)            the taking of any action incidental to the foregoing as the Property Trustee may from time to time determine is necessary or advisable to give effect to the terms of this Trust Agreement and protect and conserve the Trust Property for the benefit of the Holders (without consideration of the effect of any such action on any particular Holder).

 

(b)           In connection with the issue and sale of the Preferred Securities, the Depositor shall have the right and responsibility to assist the Trust with respect to, or effect on behalf of the Trust, the following (and any actions taken by the Depositor in furtherance of the following prior to the date of this Trust Agreement are hereby ratified and confirmed in all respects):

 

(i)            the negotiation of the terms of, and the execution and delivery of, the Purchase Agreements providing for the sale of the Preferred Securities in one or more transactions exempt from registration under the Securities Act, and in compliance with applicable state securities or blue sky laws; and

 

(ii)           the taking of any other actions necessary or desirable to carry out any of the foregoing activities.

 

(c)           Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Administrative Trustees are authorized and directed to conduct the affairs of the Trust and authorized to operate the Trust so that the Trust will not be taxable as a corporation or classified as other than a grantor trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes, so that the Notes will be treated as indebtedness of the Depositor for U.S. federal income tax purposes and so that the Trust will not be deemed to be an “investment company” required to be registered under the Investment Company Act. In respect thereof, each Administrative Trustee is authorized to take any action, not inconsistent with applicable law, the Certificate of Trust or this Trust Agreement, that such Administrative Trustee determines in his or her discretion to be necessary or desirable for such purposes, as long as such action does not adversely affect in any material respect the interests of the Holders of the Outstanding Preferred Securities.  In no event shall the Administrative Trustees be liable to the Trust or the Holders for any failure to comply with this Section 2.5 to the extent that such failure results solely from a change in law or regulation or in the interpretation thereof.

 

(d)           Any action taken by a Trustee in accordance with its powers shall constitute the act of and serve to bind the Trust.  In dealing with any Trustee acting on behalf of the Trust, no Person shall be required to inquire into the authority of such Trustee to bind the Trust. Persons dealing with the Trust are entitled to rely conclusively on the power and authority of any Trustee as set forth in this Trust Agreement.

 

SECTION 2.6.  Assets of Trust.

 

The assets of the Trust shall consist of the Trust Property.

 

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SECTION 2.7.  Title to Trust Property.

 

(a)           Legal title to all Trust Property shall be vested at all times in the Property Trustee and shall be held and administered by the Property Trustee in trust for the benefit of the Trust and the Holders in accordance with this Trust Agreement.

 

(b)           The Holders shall not have any right or title to the Trust Property other than the undivided beneficial interest in the assets of the Trust conferred by their Trust Securities and they shall have no right to call for any partition or division of property, profits or rights of the Trust except as described below. The Trust Securities shall be personal property giving only the rights specifically set forth therein and in this Trust Agreement.

 

ARTICLE III

PAYMENT ACCOUNT; PAYING AGENTS

 

SECTION 3.1.  Payment Account.

 

(a)           On or prior to the Closing Date, the Property Trustee shall establish the Payment Account. The Property Trustee and the Paying Agent shall have exclusive control and sole right of withdrawal with respect to the Payment Account for the purpose of making deposits in and withdrawals from the Payment Account in accordance with this Trust Agreement. All monies and other property deposited or held from time to time in the Payment Account shall be held by the Property Trustee in the Payment Account for the exclusive benefit of the Holders and for Distribution as herein provided.

 

(b)           The Property Trustee shall deposit in the Payment Account, promptly upon receipt, all payments of principal of or interest on, and any other payments with respect to, the Notes. Amounts held in the Payment Account shall not be invested by the Property Trustee pending distribution thereof.

 

SECTION 3.2.  Appointment of Paying Agents.

 

The Paying Agent shall initially be the Property Trustee. The Paying Agent shall make Distributions to Holders from the Payment Account and shall report the amounts of such Distributions to the Property Trustee and the Administrative Trustees. Any Paying Agent shall have the revocable power to withdraw funds from the Payment Account solely for the purpose of making the Distributions referred to above. The Administrative Trustees may revoke such power and remove the Paying Agent in their sole discretion. Any Person acting as Paying Agent shall be permitted to resign as Paying Agent upon thirty (30) days’ written notice to the Administrative Trustees and the Property Trustee. If the Property Trustee shall no longer be the Paying Agent or a successor Paying Agent shall resign or its authority to act be revoked, the Administrative Trustees shall appoint a successor (which shall be a bank or trust company) to act as Paying Agent. Such successor Paying Agent appointed by the Administrative Trustees shall execute and deliver to the Trustees an instrument in which such successor Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustees that as Paying Agent, such successor Paying Agent will hold all sums, if any, held by it for payment to the Holders in trust for the benefit of the Holders entitled thereto until such sums shall be paid to such Holders. The Paying Agent shall return all unclaimed funds

 

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to the Property Trustee and upon removal of a Paying Agent such Paying Agent shall also return all funds in its possession to the Property Trustee. The provisions of Article VIII shall apply to the Property Trustee also in its role as Paying Agent, for so long as the Property Trustee shall act as Paying Agent and, to the extent applicable, to any other Paying Agent appointed hereunder. Any reference in this Trust Agreement to the Paying Agent shall include any co-paying agent unless the context requires otherwise.

 

ARTICLE IV

DISTRIBUTIONS; REDEMPTION

 

SECTION 4.1.  Distributions.

 

(a)           The Trust Securities represent undivided beneficial interests in the Trust Property, and Distributions (including any Additional Interest Amounts) will be made on the Trust Securities at the rate and on the dates that payments of interest (including any Additional Interest) are made on the Notes. Accordingly:

 

(i)            Distributions on the Trust Securities shall be cumulative, and shall accumulate whether or not there are funds of the Trust available for the payment of Distributions.  Distributions shall accumulate from January 27, 2006, and, except as provided in clause (ii) below, shall be payable quarterly in arrears on January 30, April 30, July 30 and October 30 of each year, commencing on April 30, 2006.  If any date on which a Distribution is otherwise payable on the Trust Securities is not a Business Day, then the payment of such Distribution shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day (and no interest shall accrue in respect of the amounts whose payment is so delayed for the period from and after each such date until the next succeeding Business Day), except that, if such Business Day falls in the next succeeding calendar year, such payment shall be made on the immediately preceding Business Day, in each case, with the same force and effect as if made on such date (each date on which Distributions are payable in accordance with this Section 4.1(a)(i), a “Distribution Date”);

 

(ii)           in the event (and to the extent) that the Depositor exercises its right under the Indenture to defer the payment of interest on the Notes, upon thirty (30) days’ prior written notice, Distributions on the Trust Securities shall be deferred.  Under the Indenture, so long as no Note Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and upon thirty (30) days’ prior written notice, the Depositor shall have the right, at any time and from time to time during the term of the Notes, to defer the payment of interest on the Notes for a period of up to four (4) consecutive quarterly interest payment periods (each such extended interest payment period, an “Extension Period”), during which Extension Period no interest on the Notes shall be due and payable (except any Additional Tax Sums that may be due and payable).  No interest on the Notes shall be due and payable during an Extension Period, except at the end thereof.  If Distributions are deferred, the deferred Distributions shall be paid on the date that the related Extension Period terminates, to Holders of the Trust Securities as they appear on the books and records of the Trust on the record date immediately preceding such termination date.

 

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(iii)          Distributions shall accumulate in respect of the Trust Securities at a fixed rate equal to 7.65% per annum through the interest payment date in January 2016 and thereafter at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.70% per annum of the Liquidation Amount of the Trust Securities, such rate being the rate of interest payable on the Notes. LIBOR shall be determined by the Calculation Agent in accordance with Schedule A. During the Fixed Rate Period, the amount of Distributions payable for any period less than a full Distribution period shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months and the amount payable for any partial period shall be computed on the basis of the number of days elapsed in a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.  Upon expiration of the Fixed Rate Period, the amount of interest payable for any Distribution period will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year and the actual number of days elapsed in the relevant Distribution period. The amount of Distributions payable for any period shall include any Additional Interest Amounts in respect of such period; and

 

(iv)          Distributions on the Trust Securities shall be made by the Paying Agent from the Payment Account and shall be payable on each Distribution Date only to the extent that the Trust has funds then on hand and available in the Payment Account for the payment of such Distributions.

 

(b)           Distributions on the Trust Securities with respect to a Distribution Date shall be payable to the Holders thereof as they appear on the Securities Register for the Trust Securities at the close of business on the relevant record date, which shall be at the close of business on the fifteenth day (whether or not a Business Day) preceding the relevant Distribution Date, except that Distributions and any Additional Interest Amounts payable on the stated maturity (or any date of principal repayment upon early maturity) of the principal of a Trust Security or on a Redemption Date shall be paid to the Person to whom principal is paid.  Distributions payable on any Trust Securities that are not punctually paid on any Distribution Date as a result of the Depositor having failed to make an interest payment under the Notes will cease to be payable to the Person in whose name such Trust Securities are registered on the relevant record date, and such defaulted Distributions and any Additional Interest Amounts will instead be payable to the Person in whose name such Trust Securities are registered on the special record date, or other specified date for determining Holders entitled to such defaulted Distribution and Additional Interest Amount, established in the same manner, and on the same date, as such is established with respect to the Notes under the Indenture.

 

(c)           As a condition to the payment of any principal of or interest on the Trust Securities without the imposition of withholding tax, the Administrative Trustees shall require the previous delivery of properly completed and signed applicable U.S. federal income tax certifications (generally, an Internal Revenue Service Form W-9 (or applicable successor form) in the case of a person that is a “United States person” within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code or an Internal Revenue Service Form W-8 (or applicable successor form) in the case of a person that is not a “United States person” within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code) and any other certification acceptable to it to enable the Property Trustee or any Paying Agent to determine their respective duties and liabilities with respect to any taxes or other charges that they may be required to pay, deduct or withhold in respect of such Trust Securities.

 

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SECTION 4.2.  Redemption.

 

(a)           On each Note Redemption Date and on the stated maturity (or any date of principal repayment upon early maturity) of the Notes and on each other date on (or in respect of) which any principal on the Notes is repaid, the Trust will be required to redeem a Like Amount of Trust Securities at the Redemption Price.

 

(b)           Notice of redemption shall be given by the Property Trustee by first-class mail, postage prepaid, mailed not less than thirty (30) nor more than sixty (60) days prior to the Redemption Date to each Holder of Trust Securities to be redeemed, at such Holder’s address appearing in the Securities Register. All notices of redemption shall state:

 

(i)            the Redemption Date;

 

(ii)           the Redemption Price or, if the Redemption Price cannot be calculated prior to the time the notice is required to be sent, the estimate of the Redemption Price provided pursuant to the Indenture, as calculated by the Depositor, together with a statement that it is an estimate and that the actual Redemption Price will be calculated by the Calculation Agent on the fifth Business Day prior to the Redemption Date (and if an estimate is provided, a further notice shall be sent of the actual Redemption Price on the date that such Redemption Price is calculated);

 

(iii)          if less than all the Outstanding Trust Securities are to be redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial redemption, the respective amounts) and Liquidation Amounts of the particular Trust Securities to be redeemed;

 

(iv)          that on the Redemption Date, the Redemption Price will become due and payable upon each such Trust Security, or portion thereof, to be redeemed and that Distributions thereon will cease to accumulate on such Trust Security or such portion, as the case may be, on and after said date, except as provided in Section 4.2(d);

 

(v)           the place or places where the Trust Securities are to be surrendered for the payment of the Redemption Price; and

 

(vi)          such other provisions as the Property Trustee deems relevant.

 

(c)           The Trust Securities (or portion thereof) redeemed on each Redemption Date shall be redeemed at the Redemption Price with the proceeds from the contemporaneous redemption or payment at maturity of Notes. Redemptions of the Trust Securities (or portion thereof) shall be made and the Redemption Price shall be payable on each Redemption Date only to the extent that the Trust has funds then on hand and available in the Payment Account for the payment of such Redemption Price.  Under the Indenture, the Notes may be redeemed by the Depositor on any Interest Payment Date, at the Depositor’s option, on or after January 30, 2011, in whole or in part, from time to time at the Optional Note Redemption Price.  The Notes may also be redeemed by the Depositor, at its option pursuant to the terms of the Indenture, in whole but not in part, upon the occurrence and during the continuation of an Investment Company Event or a Tax Event, at the Special Note Redemption Price.

 

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(d)           If the Property Trustee gives a notice of redemption in respect of any Preferred Securities, then by 10:00 A.M., New York City time, on the Redemption Date, the Depositor shall deposit sufficient funds with the Property Trustee to pay the Redemption Price.  If such deposit has been made by such time, then by 12:00 noon, New York City time, on the Redemption Date, the Property Trustee will, with respect to Book-Entry Preferred Securities, irrevocably deposit with the Depositary for such Book-Entry Preferred Securities, to the extent available therefor, funds sufficient to pay the applicable Redemption Price and will give such Depositary irrevocable instructions and authority to pay the Redemption Price to the Holders of the Preferred Securities. With respect to Preferred Securities that are not Book-Entry Preferred Securities, the Property Trustee will irrevocably deposit with the Paying Agent, to the extent available therefor, funds sufficient to pay the applicable Redemption Price and will give the Paying Agent irrevocable instructions and authority to pay the Redemption Price to the Holders of the Preferred Securities upon surrender of their Preferred Securities Certificates. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Distributions payable on or prior to the Redemption Date for any Trust Securities (or portion thereof) called for redemption shall be payable to the Holders of such Trust Securities as they appear on the Securities Register on the relevant record dates for the related Distribution Dates. If notice of redemption shall have been given and funds deposited as required, then upon the date of such deposit, all rights of Holders holding Trust Securities (or portion thereof) so called for redemption will cease, except the right of such Holders to receive the Redemption Price and any Distribution payable in respect of the Trust Securities on or prior to the Redemption Date, but without interest, and, in the case of a partial redemption, the right of such Holders to receive a new Trust Security or Securities of authorized denominations, in aggregate Liquidation Amount equal to the unredeemed portion of such Trust Security or Securities, and such Securities (or portion thereof) called for redemption will cease to be Outstanding. In the event that any date on which any Redemption Price is payable is not a Business Day, then payment of the Redemption Price payable on such date will be made on the next succeeding Business Day (and no interest shall accrue in respect of the amounts whose payment is so delayed for the period from and after each such date until the next succeeding Business Day), except that, if such Business Day falls in the next succeeding calendar year, such payment shall be made on the immediately preceding Business Day, in each case, with the same force and effect as if made on such date. In the event that payment of the Redemption Price in respect of any Trust Securities (or portion thereof) called for redemption is improperly withheld or refused and not paid either by the Trust, Distributions on such Trust Securities (or portion thereof) will continue to accumulate, as set forth in Section 4.1, from the Redemption Date originally established by the Trust for such Trust Securities (or portion thereof) to the date such Redemption Price is actually paid, in which case the actual payment date will be the date fixed for redemption for purposes of calculating the Redemption Price.

 

(e)           Subject to Section 4.3(a), if less than all the Outstanding Trust Securities are to be redeemed on a Redemption Date, then the aggregate Liquidation Amount of Trust Securities to be redeemed shall be allocated pro rata to the Common Securities and the Preferred Securities based upon the relative aggregate Liquidation Amounts of the Common Securities and the Preferred Securities.  The Preferred Securities to be redeemed shall be selected on a pro rata basis based upon their respective Liquidation Amounts not more than sixty (60) days prior to the Redemption Date by the Property Trustee from the Outstanding Preferred Securities not previously called for redemption; provided that with respect to Holders that would be required to hold less than one hundred (100) but more than zero (0) Trust Securities as a result of such

 

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redemption, the Trust shall redeem Trust Securities of each such Holder so that after such redemption such Holder shall hold either one hundred (100) Trust Securities or such Holder no longer holds any Trust Securities, and shall use such method (including, without limitation, by lot) as the Trust shall deem fair and appropriate; and provided, further, that so long as the Preferred Securities are Book-Entry Preferred Securities, such selection shall be made in accordance with the Applicable Depositary Procedures for the Preferred Securities by such Depositary. The Property Trustee shall promptly notify the Securities Registrar in writing of the Preferred Securities (or portion thereof) selected for redemption and, in the case of any Preferred Securities selected for partial redemption, the Liquidation Amount thereof to be redeemed. For all purposes of this Trust Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of Preferred Securities shall relate, in the case of any Preferred Securities redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion of the aggregate Liquidation Amount of Preferred Securities that has been or is to be redeemed.

 

(f)            The Trust in issuing the Trust Securities may use “CUSIP” numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Property Trustee shall indicate the “CUSIP” numbers of the Trust Securities in notices of redemption and related materials as a convenience to Holders; provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Trust Securities or as contained in any notice of redemption and related materials.

 

SECTION 4.3.  Subordination of Common Securities.

 

(a)           Payment of Distributions (including any Additional Interest Amounts) on, the Redemption Price of and the Liquidation Distribution in respect of, the Trust Securities, as applicable, shall be made, pro rata among the Common Securities and the Preferred Securities based on the Liquidation Amount of the respective Trust Securities; provided that if on any Distribution Date, Redemption Date or Liquidation Date an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, no payment of any Distribution (including any Additional Interest Amounts) on, Redemption Price of or Liquidation Distribution in respect of, any Common Security, and no other payment on account of the redemption, liquidation or other acquisition of Common Securities, shall be made unless payment in full in cash of all accumulated and unpaid Distributions (including any Additional Interest Amounts) on all Outstanding Preferred Securities for all Distribution periods terminating on or prior thereto, or in the case of payment of the Redemption Price the full amount of such Redemption Price on all Outstanding Preferred Securities then called for redemption, or in the case of payment of the Liquidation Distribution the full amount of such Liquidation Distribution on all Outstanding Preferred Securities, shall have been made or provided for, and all funds immediately available to the Property Trustee shall first be applied to the payment in full in cash of all Distributions (including any Additional Interest Amounts) on, or the Redemption Price of or the Liquidation Distribution in respect of, the Preferred Securities then due and payable.

 

(b)           In the case of the occurrence of any Event of Default, the Holders of the Common Securities shall have no right to act with respect to any such Event of Default under this Trust Agreement until all such Events of Default with respect to the Preferred Securities have been cured, waived or otherwise eliminated. Until all such Events of Default under this Trust Agreement with respect to the Preferred Securities have been so cured, waived or otherwise

 

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eliminated, the Property Trustee shall act solely on behalf of the Holders of the Preferred Securities and not on behalf of the Holders of the Common Securities, and only the Holders of all the Preferred Securities will have the right to direct the Property Trustee to act on their behalf.

 

SECTION 4.4.  Payment Procedures.

 

Payments of Distributions (including any Additional Interest Amounts), the Redemption Price, Liquidation Amount or any other amounts in respect of the Preferred Securities shall be made by wire transfer at such place and to such account at a banking institution in the United States as may be designated in writing at least ten (10) Business Days prior to the date for payment by the Person entitled thereto unless proper written transfer instructions have not been received by the relevant record date, in which case such payments shall be made by check mailed to the address of such Person as such address shall appear in the Securities Register. If any Preferred Securities are held by a Depositary, such Distributions thereon shall be made to the Depositary in immediately available funds. Payments in respect of the Common Securities shall be made in such manner as shall be mutually agreed between the Property Trustee and the Holder of all the Common Securities.

 

SECTION 4.5.  Withholding Tax.

 

(a)           The Trust and the Administrative Trustees shall comply with all withholding and backup withholding tax requirements under United States federal, state and local law.  The Administrative Trustees on behalf of the Trust shall request, and the Holders shall provide to the Trust, such forms or certificates as are necessary to establish an exemption from withholding and backup withholding tax with respect to each Holder and any representations and forms as shall reasonably be requested by the Administrative Trustees on behalf of the Trust to assist it in determining the extent of, and in fulfilling, its withholding and backup withholding tax obligations.  The Administrative Trustees shall file required forms with applicable jurisdictions and, unless an exemption from withholding and backup withholding tax is properly established by a Holder, shall remit amounts withheld with respect to the Holder to applicable jurisdictions. To the extent that the Trust is required to withhold and pay over any amounts to any jurisdiction with respect to Distributions or allocations to any Holder, the amount withheld shall be deemed to be a Distribution in the amount of the withholding to the Holder. In the event of any claimed overwithholding, Holders shall be limited to an action against the applicable jurisdiction.  If the amount required to be withheld was not withheld from actual Distributions made, the Administrative Trustees on behalf of the Trust may reduce subsequent Distributions by the amount of such required withholding.

 

SECTION 4.6.  Tax Returns and Other Reports.

 

The Administrative Trustees shall prepare (or cause to be prepared) at the principal office of the Trust in the United States, as defined for purposes of Treasury regulations section 301.7701-7, at the Depositor’s expense, and file, all U.S. federal, state and local tax and information returns and reports required to be filed by or in respect of the Trust. The Administrative Trustees shall prepare at the principal office of the Trust in the United States, as defined for purposes of Treasury regulations section 301.7701-7, and furnish (or cause to be prepared and furnished), by January 31 in each taxable year of the Trust to each Holder all

 

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Internal Revenue Service forms and returns required to be provided by the Trust. The Administrative Trustees shall provide the Depositor, Taberna Capital Management, LLC, and the Property Trustee with a copy of all such returns and reports promptly after such filing or furnishing.

 

SECTION 4.7.  Payment of Taxes, Duties, Etc. of the Trust.

 

Upon receipt under the Notes of Additional Tax Sums and upon the written direction of the Administrative Trustees, the Property Trustee shall promptly pay, solely out of monies on deposit pursuant to this Trust Agreement, any Additional Taxes imposed on the Trust by the United States or any other taxing authority.

 

SECTION 4.8.  Payments under Indenture or Pursuant to Direct Actions.

 

Any amount payable hereunder to any Holder of Preferred Securities shall be reduced by the amount of any corresponding payment such Holder (or any Owner with respect thereto) has directly received pursuant to Section 5.8 of the Indenture or Section 6.10(b) of this Trust Agreement.

 

SECTION 4.9.  Exchanges.

 

(a)           If at any time the Depositor or any of its Affiliates (in either case, a “Depositor Affiliate”) is the Owner or Holder of any Preferred Securities, such Depositor Affiliate shall have the right to deliver to the Property Trustee all or such portion of its Preferred Securities as it elects and, subject to compliance with Section 2.2 and Section 3.5 of the Indenture, receive, in exchange therefor, a Like Amount of Notes. Such election shall be exercisable effective on any Distribution Date by such Depositor Affiliate delivering to the Property Trustee (i) at least ten (10) Business Days prior to the Distribution Date on which such exchange is to occur, the registration instructions and the documentation, if any, required pursuant to Section 2.2 and Section 3.5 of the Indenture to enable the Indenture Trustee to issue the requested Like Amount of Notes, (ii) a written notice of such election specifying the Liquidation Amount of Preferred Securities with respect to which such election is being made and the Distribution Date on which such exchange shall occur, which Distribution Date shall be not less than ten (10) Business Days after the date of receipt by the Property Trustee of such election notice and (iii) shall be conditioned upon such Depositor Affiliate having delivered or caused to be delivered to the Property Trustee or its designee the Preferred Securities that are the subject of such election by 10:00 A.M. New York time, on the Distribution Date on which such exchange is to occur.  After the exchange, such Preferred Securities will be canceled and will no longer be deemed to be Outstanding and all rights of the Depositor Affiliate with respect to such Preferred Securities will cease.

 

(b)           In the case of an exchange described in Section 4.9(a), the Property Trustee on behalf of the Trust will, on the date of such exchange, exchange Notes having a principal amount equal to a proportional amount of the aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Outstanding Common Securities, based on the ratio of the aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities exchanged pursuant to Section 4.9(a) divided by the aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities Outstanding immediately prior to such exchange, for such proportional

 

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amount of Common Securities held by the Depositor (which contemporaneously shall be canceled and no longer be deemed to be Outstanding); provided that the Depositor delivers or causes to be delivered to the Property Trustee or its designee the required amount of Common Securities to be exchanged by 10:00 A.M. New York time, on the Distribution Date on which such exchange is to occur.

 

SECTION 4.10.  Calculation Agent.

 

(a)           The Calculation Agent may be removed by the Administrative Trustees at any time.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Property Trustee shall initially, and, subject to the immediately following sentence, for so long as it holds any of the Notes, be the Calculation Agent for purposes of determining LIBOR for each Distribution Date. If the Calculation Agent is unable or unwilling to act as such or is removed by the Administrative Trustees, the Administrative Trustees will promptly appoint as a replacement Calculation Agent the London office of a leading bank which is engaged in transactions in three-month Eurodollar deposits in the international Eurodollar market and which does not control or is not controlled by or under common control with the Administrative Trustee or its Affiliates.  The Calculation Agent may not resign its duties without a successor having been duly appointed.

 

(b)           The Calculation Agent shall be required to agree that, as soon as possible after 11:00 a.m. (London time) on each LIBOR Determination Date, but in no event later than 11:00 a.m. (London time) on the Business Day immediately following each LIBOR Determination Date, the Calculation Agent will calculate the interest rate (rounded to the nearest cent, with half a cent being rounded upwards) for the related Distribution Date, and will communicate such rate and amount to the Depositor, the Administrative Trustees, the Note Trustee, each Paying Agent and the Depositary. The Calculation Agent will also specify to the Administrative Trustee the quotations upon which the foregoing rates and amounts are based and, in any event, the Calculation Agent shall notify the Administrative Trustees before 5:00 p.m. (London time) on each LIBOR Determination Date that either:  (i) it has determined or is in the process of determining the foregoing rates and amounts or (ii) it has not determined and is not in the process of determining the foregoing rates and amounts, together with its reasons therefor. The Calculation Agent’s determination of the foregoing rates and amounts for any Distribution Date will (in the absence of manifest error) be final and binding upon all parties.  For the sole purpose of calculating the interest rate for the Trust Securities, “Business Day” shall be defined as any day on which dealings in deposits in Dollars are transacted in the London interbank market.

 

SECTION 4.11.  Certain Accounting Matters.

 

(a)           At all times during the existence of the Trust, the Administrative Trustees shall keep, or cause to be kept at the principal office of the Trust in the United States, as defined for purposes of Treasury Regulations section 301.7701-7, full books of account, records and supporting documents, which shall reflect in reasonable detail each transaction of the Trust. The books of account shall be maintained on the accrual method of accounting, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied.

 

(b)           The Administrative Trustees shall either (i) if the Depositor is then subject to such reporting requirements, cause each Form 10-K and Form 10-Q prepared by the Depositor and

 

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filed with the Commission in accordance with the Exchange Act to be delivered to each Holder, with a copy to the Property Trustee, within thirty (30) days after the filing thereof or (ii) cause to be prepared at the principal office of the Trust in the United States, as defined for purposes of Treasury Regulations section 301.7701-7, and delivered to each of the Holders, with a copy to the Property Trustee, within ninety (90) days after the end of each Fiscal Year, annual financial statements of the Trust, including a balance sheet of the Trust as of the end of such Fiscal Year, and the related statements of income or loss.

 

(c)           If the Depositor intends to file its annual and quarterly information with the Commission in electronic form pursuant to Regulation S-T of the Commission using the Commission’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval (“EDGAR”) system, the Administrative Trustees shall notify the Property Trustee in the manner prescribed herein of each such annual and quarterly filing.  The Property Trustee is hereby authorized and directed to access the EDGAR system for purposes of retrieving the financial information so filed. Compliance with the foregoing shall constitute delivery by the Administrative Trustees of its financial statements to the Property Trustee in compliance with the provisions of section 314(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, if applicable.  The Property Trustee shall have no duty to search for or obtain any electronic or other filings that the Depositor makes with the Commission, regardless of whether such filings are periodic, supplemental or otherwise.  Delivery of reports, information and documents to the Property Trustee pursuant to this Section 4.11(c) shall be solely for purposes of compliance with this Section 4.11 and, if applicable, with Section 314(a) of the Trust Indenture Act. The Property Trustee’s receipt of such reports, information and documents shall not constitute notice to it of the content thereof or any matter determinable from the content thereof, including the Depositor’s compliance with any of its covenants hereunder, as to which the Property Trustee is entitled to rely upon Officers’ Certificates.

 

(d)           The Trust shall maintain one or more bank accounts in the United States, as defined for purposes of Treasury Regulations section 301.7701-7, in the name and for the sole benefit of the Trust; provided, however, that all payments of funds in respect of the Notes held by the Property Trustee shall be made directly to the Payment Account and no other funds of the Trust shall be deposited in the Payment Account. The sole signatories for such accounts (including the Payment Account) shall be designated by the Property Trustee.

 

ARTICLE V

SECURITIES

 

SECTION 5.1.  Initial Ownership.

 

Upon the creation of the Trust and the contribution by the Depositor referred to in Section 2.3 and until the issuance of the Trust Securities, and at any time during which no Trust Securities are Outstanding, the Depositor shall be the sole beneficial owner of the Trust.

 

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SECTION 5.2.  Authorized Trust Securities.

 

The Trust shall be authorized to issue one series of Preferred Securities having an aggregate Liquidation Amount of $50,000,000 and one series of Common Securities having an aggregate Liquidation Amount of $1,550,000.

 

SECTION 5.3.  Issuance of the Common Securities; Subscription and Purchase of Notes.

 

On the Closing Date, an Administrative Trustee, on behalf of the Trust, shall execute and deliver to the Depositor Common Securities Certificates, registered in the name of the Depositor, evidencing an aggregate of One Thousand Five Hundred Fifty (1,550) Common Securities having an aggregate Liquidation Amount of One Million Five Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($1,550,000), against receipt by the Trust of the aggregate purchase price of such Common Securities of One Million Five Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($1,550,000). Contemporaneously therewith and with the sale by the Trust to the Holders of an aggregate of Fifty Thousand (50,000) Preferred Securities having an aggregate Liquidation Amount of Fifty Million Dollars ($50,000,000), an Administrative Trustee, on behalf of the Trust, shall purchase from the Depositor Notes, to be registered in the name of the Property Trustee on behalf of the Trust and having an aggregate principal amount equal to Fifty-One Million Five Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($51,550,000), and, in satisfaction of the purchase price for such Notes, the Property Trustee, on behalf of the Trust, shall deliver to the Depositor the sum of Fifty-One Million Five Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($51,550,000) (being the aggregate amount paid by the Holders for the Preferred Securities, and the amount paid by the Depositor for the Common Securities).

 

SECTION 5.4.  The Securities Certificates.

 

(a)           The Preferred Securities Certificates shall be issued in minimum denominations of $100,000 Liquidation Amount and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof, and the Common Securities Certificates shall be issued in minimum denominations of  $10,000 Liquidation Amount and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof.  The Securities Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the Trust by manual or facsimile signature of at least one Administrative Trustee. Securities Certificates bearing the signatures of individuals who were, at the time when such signatures shall have been affixed, authorized to sign such Securities Certificates on behalf of the Trust shall be validly issued and entitled to the benefits of this Trust Agreement, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them shall have ceased to be so authorized prior to the delivery of such Securities Certificates or did not have such authority at the date of delivery of such Securities Certificates.

 

(b)           On the Closing Date, upon the written order of an authorized officer of the Depositor, the Administrative Trustees shall cause Securities Certificates to be executed on behalf of the Trust and delivered, without further corporate action by the Depositor, in authorized denominations.

 

(c)           The Preferred Securities issued to QIBs/QPs shall be, except as provided in Section 5.6, Book-Entry Preferred Securities issued in the form of one or more Global Preferred Securities registered in the name of the Depositary, or its nominee and deposited with the

 

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Depositary or a custodian for the Depositary for credit by the Depositary to the respective accounts of the Depositary Participants thereof (or such other accounts as they may direct).  The Preferred Securities issued to a Person other than a QIB/QP shall be issued in the form of Definitive Preferred Securities Certificates.

 

(d)           A Preferred Security shall not be valid until authenticated by the manual signature of an authorized signatory of the Property Trustee. Such signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Preferred Security has been authenticated under this Trust Agreement.  Upon written order of the Trust signed by one Administrative Trustee, the Property Trustee shall authenticate the Preferred Securities for original issue.  The Property Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent that is a U.S. Person acceptable to the Trust to authenticate the Preferred Securities. A Common Security need not be so authenticated and shall be valid upon execution by one or more Administrative Trustees. The form of this certificate of authentication can be found in Section 5.13.

 

SECTION 5.5.  Rights of Holders.

 

The Trust Securities shall have no preemptive or similar rights and when issued and delivered to Holders against payment of the purchase price therefor will be fully paid and non-assessable by the Trust. Except as provided in Section 5.11(b), the Holders of the Trust Securities, in their capacities as such, shall be entitled to the same limitation of personal liability extended to stockholders of private corporations for profit organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

 

SECTION 5.6.  Book-Entry Preferred Securities.

 

(a)           A Global Preferred Security may be exchanged, in whole or in part, for Definitive Preferred Securities Certificates registered in the names of the Owners only if such exchange complies with Section 5.7 and (i) the Depositary advises the Administrative Trustees and the Property Trustee in writing that the Depositary is no longer willing or able properly to discharge its responsibilities with respect to the Global Preferred Security, and no qualified successor is appointed by the Administrative Trustees within ninety (90) days of receipt of such notice, the Depositary ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and the Administrative Trustees fail to appoint a qualified successor within ninety (90) days of obtaining knowledge of such event, (iii) the Administrative Trustees at their option advise the Property Trustee in writing that the Trust elects to terminate the book-entry system through the Depositary or (iv) a Note Event of Default has occurred and is continuing. Upon the occurrence of any event specified in clause (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) above, the Administrative Trustees shall notify the Depositary and instruct the Depositary to notify all Owners of Book-Entry Preferred Securities, the Delaware Trustee and the Property Trustee of the occurrence of such event and of the availability of the Definitive Preferred Securities Certificates to Owners of the Preferred Securities requesting the same. Upon the issuance of Definitive Preferred Securities Certificates, the Trustees shall recognize the Holders of the Definitive Preferred Securities Certificates as Holders.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, if an Owner of a beneficial interest in a Global Preferred Security wishes at any time to transfer an interest in such Global Preferred Security to a Person other than a QIB/QP, such transfer shall be effected, subject to the Applicable Depositary Procedures, in accordance with the provisions of this Section 5.6 and Section 5.7, and

 

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the transferee shall receive a Definitive Preferred Securities Certificate in connection with such transfer. A holder of a Definitive Preferred Securities Certificate that is a QIB/QP may, upon request and in accordance with the provisions of this Section 5.6 and Section 5.7, exchange such Definitive Preferred Securities Certificate for a beneficial interest in a Global Preferred Security.

 

(b)           If any Global Preferred Security is to be exchanged for Definitive Preferred Securities Certificates or canceled in part, or if any Definitive Preferred Securities Certificate is to be exchanged in whole or in part for any Global Preferred Security, then either (i) such Global Preferred Security shall be so surrendered for exchange or cancellation as provided in this Article V or (ii) the aggregate Liquidation Amount represented by such Global Preferred Security shall be reduced, subject to Section 5.4, or increased by an amount equal to the Liquidation Amount represented by that portion of the Global Preferred Security to be so exchanged or canceled, or equal to the Liquidation Amount represented by such Definitive Preferred Securities Certificates to be so exchanged for any Global Preferred Security, as the case may be, by means of an appropriate adjustment made on the records of the Securities Registrar, whereupon the Property Trustee, in accordance with the Applicable Depositary Procedures, shall instruct the Depositary or its authorized representative to make a corresponding adjustment to its records. Upon any such surrender to the Administrative Trustees or the Securities Registrar of any Global Preferred Security or Securities by the Depositary, accompanied by registration instructions, the Administrative Trustees, or any one of them, shall execute the Definitive Preferred Securities Certificates in accordance with the instructions of the Depositary.  None of the Securities Registrar or the Trustees shall be liable for any delay in delivery of such instructions and may conclusively rely on, and shall be fully protected in relying on, such instructions.

 

(c)           Every Definitive Preferred Securities Certificate executed and delivered upon registration or transfer of, or in exchange for or in lieu of, a Global Preferred Security or any portion thereof shall be executed and delivered in the form of, and shall be, a Global Preferred Security, unless such Definitive Preferred Securities Certificate is registered in the name of a Person other than the Depositary for such Global Preferred Security or a nominee thereof.

 

(d)           The Depositary or its nominee, as registered owner of a Global Preferred Security, shall be the Holder of such Global Preferred Security for all purposes under this Trust Agreement and the Global Preferred Security, and Owners with respect to a Global Preferred Security shall hold such interests pursuant to the Applicable Depositary Procedures. The Securities Registrar and the Trustees shall be entitled to deal with the Depositary for all purposes of this Trust Agreement relating to the Global Preferred Securities (including the payment of the Liquidation Amount of and Distributions on the Book-Entry Preferred Securities represented thereby and the giving of instructions or directions by Owners of Book-Entry Preferred Securities represented thereby and the giving of notices) as the sole Holder of the Book-Entry Preferred Securities represented thereby and shall have no obligations to the Owners thereof. None of the Trustees nor the Securities Registrar shall have any liability in respect of any transfers effected by the Depositary.

 

(e)           The rights of the Owners of the Book-Entry Preferred Securities shall be exercised only through the Depositary and shall be limited to those established by law, the Applicable Depositary Procedures and agreements between such Owners and the Depositary and/or the Depositary Participants; provided that solely for the purpose of determining whether

 

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the Holders of the requisite amount of Preferred Securities have voted on any matter provided for in this Trust Agreement, to the extent that Preferred Securities are represented by a Global Preferred Security, the Trustees may conclusively rely on, and shall be fully protected in relying on, any written instrument (including a proxy) delivered to the Property Trustee by the Depositary setting forth the Owners’ votes or assigning the right to vote on any matter to any other Persons either in whole or in part. To the extent that Preferred Securities are represented by a Global Preferred Security, the initial Depositary will make book-entry transfers among the Depositary Participants and receive and transmit payments on the Preferred Securities that are represented by a Global Preferred Security to such Depositary Participants, and none of the Depositor or the Trustees shall have any responsibility or obligation with respect thereto.

 

(f)            To the extent that a notice or other communication to the Holders is required under this Trust Agreement, for so long as Preferred Securities are represented by a Global Preferred Security, the Trustees shall give all such notices and communications to the Depositary, and shall have no obligations to the Owners.

 

SECTION 5.7.  Registration of Transfer and Exchange of Preferred Securities Certificates.

 

(a)           The Property Trustee shall keep or cause to be kept, at the Corporate Trust Office, a register or registers (the “Securities Register”) in which the registrar and transfer agent with respect to the Trust Securities (the “Securities Registrar”), subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, shall provide for the registration of Preferred Securities Certificates and Common Securities Certificates and registration of transfers and exchanges of Preferred Securities Certificates as herein provided. The Person acting as the Property Trustee shall at all times also be the Securities Registrar. The provisions of Article VIII shall apply to the Property Trustee in its role as Securities Registrar.

 

(b)           Subject to Section 5.7(d), upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Preferred Securities Certificate at the office or agency maintained pursuant to Section 5.7(f), the Administrative Trustees or any one of them shall execute by manual or facsimile signature and deliver to the Property Trustee, and the Property Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Preferred Securities Certificates in authorized denominations of a like aggregate Liquidation Amount as may be required by this Trust Agreement dated the date of execution by such Administrative Trustee or Trustees.  At the option of a Holder, Preferred Securities Certificates may be exchanged for other Preferred Securities Certificates in authorized denominations and of a like aggregate Liquidation Amount upon surrender of the Preferred Securities Certificate to be exchanged at the office or agency maintained pursuant to Section 5.7(f).  Whenever any Preferred Securities Certificates are so surrendered for exchange, the Administrative Trustees or any one of them shall execute by manual or facsimile signature and deliver to the Property Trustee, and the Property Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Preferred Securities Certificates that the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive.

 

(c)           The Securities Registrar shall not be required, (i) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Preferred Security during a period beginning at the opening of business fifteen (15) days before the day of selection for redemption of such Preferred Securities pursuant to

 

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Article IV and ending at the close of business on the day of mailing of the notice of redemption or (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any Preferred Security so selected for redemption in whole or in part, except, in the case of any such Preferred Security to be redeemed in part, any portion thereof not to be redeemed.

 

(d)           Every Preferred Securities Certificate presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange shall be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Securities Registrar duly executed by the Holder or such Holder’s attorney duly authorized in writing and accompanied by a certificate of the transferee substantially in the form set forth as Exhibit E hereto.

 

(e)           No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange of Preferred Securities Certificates, but the Property Trustee on behalf of the Trust may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any transfer or exchange of Preferred Securities Certificates.

 

(f)            The Administrative Trustees shall designate an office or offices or agency or agencies where Preferred Securities Certificates may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange and initially designate the Corporate Trust Office as its office and agency for such purposes. The Administrative Trustees shall give prompt written notice to the Depositor, the Property Trustee and to the Holders of any change in the location of any such office or agency.

 

(g)           The Preferred Securities may only be transferred to a “Qualified Purchaser” as such term is defined in Section 2(a)(51) of the Investment Company Act.

 

(h)           Neither the Trustee nor the Securities Registrar shall be responsible for ascertaining whether any transfer hereunder complies with the registration provisions of or any exemptions from the Securities Act, applicable state securities laws or the applicable laws of any other jurisdiction, ERISA, the Code or the Investment Company Act; provided that if a certificate is specifically required by the express terms of this Section 5.7 to be delivered to the Trustee or the Securities Registrar by a Holder or transferee of a Security, the Trustee and the Securities Registrar shall be under a duty to receive and examine the same to determine whether or not the certificate substantially conforms on its face to the requirements of this Indenture and shall promptly notify the party delivering the same if such certificate does not comply with such terms.

 

SECTION 5.8.  Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Securities Certificates.

 

(a)           If any mutilated Securities Certificate shall be surrendered to the Securities Registrar together with such security or indemnity as may be required by the Securities Registrar to save each of the Trustees harmless, the Administrative Trustees, or any one of them, on behalf of the Trust, shall execute and make available for delivery in exchange therefor a new Securities Certificate of like class, tenor and denomination.

 

(b)           If the Securities Registrar shall receive evidence to its satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Securities Certificate and there shall be delivered to the Securities Registrar such security or indemnity as may be required by it to save each of the Trustees harmless, then in the absence of notice that such Securities Certificate shall have been

 

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acquired by a protected purchaser, the Administrative Trustees, or any one of them, on behalf of the Trust, shall execute and make available for delivery, and, with respect to Preferred Securities, the Property Trustee shall authenticate, in exchange for or in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Securities Certificate, a new Securities Certificate of like class, tenor and denomination.

 

(c)           In connection with the issuance of any new Securities Certificate under this Section 5.8, the Administrative Trustees or the Securities Registrar may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection therewith.

 

(d)           Any duplicate Securities Certificate issued pursuant to this Section 5.8 shall constitute conclusive evidence of an undivided beneficial interest in the assets of the Trust corresponding to that evidenced by the mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed Securities Certificate, as if originally issued, whether or not the lost, stolen or destroyed Securities Certificate shall be found at any time.

 

(e)           If any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities Certificate has become or is about to become due and payable, the Depositor in its discretion may provide the Administrative Trustee with the funds to pay such Trust Security and upon receipt of such funds, the Administrative Trustee shall pay such Trust Security instead of issuing a new Securities Certificate.

 

(f)            The provisions of this Section 5.8 are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities Certificates.

 

SECTION 5.9.  Persons Deemed Holders.

 

The Trustees and the Securities Registrar shall each treat the Person in whose name any Securities Certificate shall be registered in the Securities Register as the owner of such Securities Certificate for the purpose of receiving Distributions and for all other purposes whatsoever, and none of the Trustees and the Securities Registrar shall be bound by any notice to the contrary.

 

SECTION 5.10.  Cancellation.

 

All Preferred Securities Certificates surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange or for payment shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Property Trustee, be delivered to the Property Trustee, and any such Preferred Securities Certificates and Preferred Securities Certificates surrendered directly to the Property Trustee for any such purpose shall be promptly canceled by it.  The Administrative Trustees may at any time deliver to the Property Trustee for cancellation any Preferred Securities Certificates previously delivered hereunder that the Administrative Trustees may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and all Preferred Securities Certificates so delivered shall be promptly canceled by the Property Trustee.  No Preferred Securities Certificates shall be executed and delivered in lieu of or in exchange for any Preferred Securities Certificates canceled as provided in this Section 5.10, except as expressly permitted by this Trust Agreement.  All canceled Preferred Securities Certificates shall be retained by the Property Trustee in accordance with its customary practices.

 

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SECTION 5.11.  Ownership of Common Securities by Depositor.

 

(a)           On the Closing Date, the Depositor shall acquire, and thereafter shall retain, beneficial and record ownership of the Common Securities. Neither the Depositor nor any successor Holder of the Common Securities may transfer less than all the Common Securities, and the Depositor or any such successor Holder may transfer the Common Securities only (i) in connection with a consolidation or merger of the Depositor into another Person, or any conveyance, transfer or lease by the Depositor of its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any Person (in which event such Common Securities will be transferred to such surviving entity, transferee or lessee, as the case may be), pursuant to Section 8.1 of the Indenture or (ii) to the Depositor or an Affiliate of the Depositor, in each such case in compliance with applicable law (including the Securities Act, and applicable state securities and blue sky laws). To the fullest extent permitted by law, any attempted transfer of the Common Securities other than as set forth in the immediately preceding sentence shall be void. The Administrative Trustees shall cause each Common Securities Certificate issued to the Depositor to contain a legend stating substantially “THIS CERTIFICATE IS NOT TRANSFERABLE EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LAW AND SECTION 5.11 OF THE TRUST AGREEMENT.”

 

(b)           Any Holder of the Common Securities shall be liable for the debts and obligations of the Trust in the manner and to the extent set forth with respect to the Depositor and agrees that it shall be subject to all liabilities to which the Depositor may be subject and, prior to becoming such a Holder, shall deliver to the Administrative Trustees an instrument of assumption satisfactory to such Trustees.

 

SECTION 5.12.  Restricted Legends.

 

(a)           Each Preferred Security Certificate shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

 

[IF THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY INSERT: THIS PREFERRED SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE TRUST AGREEMENT HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY (“DTC”) OR A NOMINEE OF DTC. THIS PREFERRED SECURITY IS EXCHANGEABLE FOR SECURITIES REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A PERSON OTHER THAN DTC OR ITS NOMINEE ONLY IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE TRUST AGREEMENT, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS PREFERRED SECURITY (OTHER THAN A TRANSFER OF THIS PREFERRED SECURITY AS A WHOLE BY DTC TO A NOMINEE OF DTC OR BY A NOMINEE OF DTC TO DTC OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF DTC) MAY BE REGISTERED EXCEPT IN LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES.

 

UNLESS THIS PREFERRED SECURITY IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC TO GRAMERCY CAPITAL TRUST III OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY PREFERRED SECURITY ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE

 

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& CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT HEREON IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.]

 

THE PREFERRED SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE WERE ORIGINALLY ISSUED IN A TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN, MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH REGISTRATION OR AN APPLICABLE EXEMPTION THEREFROM.  EACH PURCHASER OF ANY PREFERRED SECURITIES IS HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THE SELLER OF THE PREFERRED SECURITIES MAY BE RELYING ON THE EXEMPTION FROM THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 5 OF THE SECURITIES ACT PROVIDED BY RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT.

 

THE HOLDER OF THE PREFERRED SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE AGREES FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE TRUST AND THE DEPOSITOR THAT (A) SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES MAY BE OFFERED, RESOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED ONLY (I) TO THE TRUST OR (II) TO A PERSON WHOM THE SELLER REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A “QUALIFIED PURCHASER” (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 2(a)(51) OF THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940, AS AMENDED), AND (B) THE HOLDER WILL NOTIFY ANY PURCHASER OF ANY PREFERRED SECURITIES FROM IT OF THE RESALE RESTRICTIONS REFERRED TO IN (A) ABOVE.

 

THE PREFERRED SECURITIES WILL BE ISSUED AND MAY BE TRANSFERRED ONLY IN BLOCKS HAVING AN AGGREGATE LIQUIDATION AMOUNT OF NOT LESS THAN $100,000. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY ATTEMPTED TRANSFER OF PREFERRED SECURITIES, OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN,  IN A BLOCK HAVING AN AGGREGATE LIQUIDATION AMOUNT OF LESS THAN $100,000 AND MULTIPLES OF $1,000 IN EXCESS THEREOF SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE VOID AND OF NO LEGAL EFFECT WHATSOEVER. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY SUCH PURPORTED TRANSFEREE SHALL BE DEEMED NOT TO BE THE HOLDER OF SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES FOR ANY PURPOSE, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE RECEIPT OF PRINCIPAL OF OR INTEREST ON SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES, OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN, AND SUCH PURPORTED TRANSFEREE SHALL BE DEEMED TO HAVE NO INTEREST WHATSOEVER IN SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES.

 

THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY, OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN,  BY ITS ACCEPTANCE HEREOF OR THEREOF ALSO AGREES, REPRESENTS AND

 

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WARRANTS THAT IT IS NOT AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT, INDIVIDUAL RETIREMENT ACCOUNT OR OTHER PLAN OR ARRANGEMENT SUBJECT TO TITLE I OF THE EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY ACT OF 1974, AS AMENDED (“ERISA”), OR SECTION 4975 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED (THE “CODE”) (EACH A “PLAN”), OR AN ENTITY WHOSE UNDERLYING ASSETS INCLUDE “PLAN ASSETS” BY REASON OF ANY PLAN’S INVESTMENT IN THE ENTITY, AND NO PERSON INVESTING “PLAN ASSETS” OF ANY PLAN MAY ACQUIRE OR HOLD THIS PREFERRED SECURITY OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN. ANY PURCHASER OR HOLDER OF THE PREFERRED SECURITIES OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN WILL BE DEEMED TO HAVE REPRESENTED BY ITS PURCHASE AND HOLDING THEREOF THAT IT IS NOT AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 3(3) OF ERISA, OR A PLAN TO WHICH SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE IS APPLICABLE, A TRUSTEE OR OTHER PERSON ACTING ON BEHALF OF AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN OR PLAN, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY USING THE ASSETS OF ANY EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN OR PLAN TO FINANCE SUCH PURCHASE.”

 

(b)           The above legend shall not be removed from any of the Preferred Securities Certificates unless there is delivered to the Property Trustee and the Depositor satisfactory evidence, which may include an opinion of counsel, as may be reasonably required to ensure that any future transfers thereof may be made without restriction under the provisions of the Securities Act and other applicable law.  Upon provision of such satisfactory evidence, one or more of the Administrative Trustees on behalf of the Trust shall execute and deliver to the Property Trustee, and the Property Trustee shall deliver, at the written direction of the Administrative Trustees and the Depositor, Preferred Securities Certificates that do not bear the legend.

 

SECTION 5.13.  Form of Certificate of Authentication.

 

The Property Trustee’s certificate of authentication shall be in substantially the following form:

 

This is one of the Preferred Securities referred to in the within-mentioned Trust Agreement.

 

Dated:

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

 

not in its individual capacity, but solely as Property

 

Trustee

 

By:

 

 

 

 

Authorized signatory

 

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ARTICLE VI

MEETINGS; VOTING; ACTS OF HOLDERS

 

SECTION 6.1.  Notice of Meetings.

 

Notice of all meetings of the Holders of the Preferred Securities, stating the time, place and purpose of the meeting, shall be given by the Property Trustee pursuant to Section 10.8 to each Holder of Preferred Securities, at such Holder’s registered address, at least fifteen (15) days and not more than ninety (90) days before the meeting. At any such meeting, any business properly before the meeting may be so considered whether or not stated in the notice of the meeting. Any adjourned meeting may be held as adjourned without further notice.

 

SECTION 6.2.  Meetings of Holders of the Preferred Securities.

 

(a)           No annual meeting of Holders is required to be held. The Property Trustee, however, shall call a meeting of the Holders of the Preferred Securities to vote on any matter upon the written request of the Holders of at least twenty five percent (25%) in aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Outstanding Preferred Securities and the Administrative Trustees or the Property Trustee may, at any time in their discretion, call a meeting of the Holders of the Preferred Securities to vote on any matters as to which such Holders are entitled to vote.

 

(b)           The Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities, present in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at any meeting of the Holders of the Preferred Securities.

 

(c)           If a quorum is present at a meeting, an affirmative vote by the Holders present, in person or by proxy, holding Preferred Securities representing at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities held by the Holders present, either in person or by proxy, at such meeting shall constitute the action of the Holders of the Preferred Securities, unless this Trust Agreement requires a lesser or greater number of affirmative votes.

 

SECTION 6.3.  Voting Rights.

 

Holders shall be entitled to one vote for each $10,000 of Liquidation Amount represented by their Outstanding Trust Securities in respect of any matter as to which such Holders are entitled to vote.

 

SECTION 6.4.  Proxies, Etc.

 

At any meeting of Holders, any Holder entitled to vote thereat may vote by proxy, provided that no proxy shall be voted at any meeting unless it shall have been placed on file with the Administrative Trustees, or with such other officer or agent of the Trust as the Administrative Trustees may direct, for verification prior to the time at which such vote shall be taken. Pursuant to a resolution of the Property Trustee, proxies may be solicited in the name of the Property Trustee or one or more officers of the Property Trustee. Only Holders of record shall be entitled to vote. When Trust Securities are held jointly by several Persons, any one of them may vote at any meeting in person or by proxy in respect of such Trust Securities, but if more than one of

 

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them shall be present at such meeting in person or by proxy, and such joint owners or their proxies so present disagree as to any vote to be cast, such vote shall not be received in respect of such Trust Securities. A proxy purporting to be executed by or on behalf of a Holder shall be deemed valid unless challenged at or prior to its exercise, and the burden of proving invalidity shall rest on the challenger. No proxy shall be valid more than three years after its date of execution.

 

SECTION 6.5.  Holder Action by Written Consent.

 

Any action that may be taken by Holders at a meeting may be taken without a meeting and without prior notice if Holders holding at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of all Preferred Securities entitled to vote in respect of such action (or such lesser or greater proportion thereof as shall be required by any other provision of this Trust Agreement) shall consent to the action in writing; provided that notice of such action is promptly provided to the Holders of Preferred Securities that did not consent to such action.  Any action that may be taken by the Holders of all the Common Securities may be taken without a meeting and without prior notice if such Holders shall consent to the action in writing.

 

SECTION 6.6.  Record Date for Voting and Other Purposes.

 

Except as provided in Section 6.10(a), for the purposes of determining the Holders who are entitled to notice of and to vote at any meeting or to act by written consent, or to participate in any distribution on the Trust Securities in respect of which a record date is not otherwise provided for in this Trust Agreement, or for the purpose of any other action, the Administrative Trustees may from time to time fix a date, not more than ninety (90) days prior to the date of any meeting of Holders or the payment of a Distribution or other action, as the case may be, as a record date for the determination of the identity of the Holders of record for such purposes.

 

SECTION 6.7.  Acts of Holders.

 

(a)           Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided or permitted by this Trust Agreement to be given, made or taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by an agent thereof duly appointed in writing; and, except as otherwise expressly provided herein, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to an Administrative Trustee. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the “Act” of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Trust Agreement and conclusive in favor of the Trustees, if made in the manner provided in this Section 6.7.

 

(b)           The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such execution or by a certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. Where such execution is by a signer acting in a capacity other than such signer’s

 

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individual capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of such signer’s authority. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved in any other manner that any Trustee receiving the same deems sufficient.

 

(c)           The ownership of Trust Securities shall be proved by the Securities Register.

 

(d)           Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act of the Holder of any Trust Security shall bind every future Holder of the same Trust Security and the Holder of every Trust Security issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Trustees, the Administrative Trustees or the Trust in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Trust Security.

 

(e)           Without limiting the foregoing, a Holder entitled hereunder to take any action hereunder with regard to any particular Trust Security may do so with regard to all or any part of the Liquidation Amount of such Trust Security or by one or more duly appointed agents each of which may do so pursuant to such appointment with regard to all or any part of such Liquidation Amount.

 

(f)            If any dispute shall arise among the Holders or the Trustees with respect to the authenticity, validity or binding nature of any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act of such Holder or Trustee under this Article VI, then the determination of such matter by the Property Trustee shall be conclusive with respect to such matter.

 

SECTION 6.8.  Inspection of Records.

 

Upon reasonable written notice to the Administrative Trustees and the Property Trustee, the records of the Trust shall be open to inspection by any Holder during normal business hours for any purpose reasonably related to such Holder’s interest as a Holder.

 

SECTION 6.9.  Limitations on Voting Rights.

 

(a)           Except as expressly provided in this Trust Agreement and in the Indenture and as otherwise required by law, no Holder of Preferred Securities shall have any right to vote or in any manner otherwise control the administration, operation and management of the Trust or the obligations of the parties hereto, nor shall anything herein set forth, or contained in the terms of the Securities Certificates, be construed so as to constitute the Holders from time to time as partners or members of an association.

 

(b)           So long as any Notes are held by the Property Trustee on behalf of the Trust, the Property Trustee shall not (i) direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Note Trustee, or exercise any trust or power conferred on the Property Trustee with respect to the Notes, (ii) waive any past default that may be waived under Section 5.13 of the Indenture or waive compliance with any covenant or condition under Section 10.7 of the Indenture, (iii) exercise any right to rescind or annul a declaration that the principal of all the Notes shall be due and payable or (iv) consent to any amendment, modification or

 

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termination of the Indenture or the Notes, where such consent shall be required, without, in each case, obtaining the prior approval of the Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities; provided that where a consent under the Indenture would require the consent of each holder of Notes (or each Holder of Preferred Securities) affected thereby, no such consent shall be given by the Property Trustee without the prior written consent of each Holder of Preferred Securities. The Property Trustee shall not revoke any action previously authorized or approved by a vote of the Holders of the Preferred Securities, except by a subsequent vote of the Holders of the Preferred Securities.  In addition to obtaining the foregoing approvals of the Holders of the Preferred Securities, prior to taking any of the foregoing actions, the Property Trustee shall, at the expense of the Depositor, obtain an Opinion of Counsel experienced in such matters to the effect that such action shall not cause the Trust to be taxable as a corporation or classified as other than a grantor trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

(c)           If any proposed amendment to the Trust Agreement provides for, or the Trustees otherwise propose to effect, (i) any action that would adversely affect in any material respect the powers, preferences or special rights of the Preferred Securities, whether by way of amendment to the Trust Agreement or otherwise or (ii) the dissolution, winding-up or termination of the Trust, other than pursuant to the terms of this Trust Agreement, then the Holders of Outstanding Preferred Securities as a class will be entitled to vote on such amendment or proposal and such amendment or proposal shall not be effective except with the approval of the Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Trust Agreement, no amendment to this Trust Agreement may be made if, as a result of such amendment, it would cause the Trust to be taxable as a corporation or classified as other than a grantor trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

SECTION 6.10.  Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission of Annulment; Waivers of Past Defaults.

 

(a)           For so long as any Preferred Securities remain Outstanding, if, upon a Note Event of Default, the Note Trustee fails or the holders of not less than twenty five percent (25%) in principal amount of the outstanding Notes fail to declare the principal of all of the Notes to be immediately due and payable, the Holders of at least twenty five percent (25%) in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities then Outstanding shall have the right to make such declaration by a notice in writing to the Property Trustee, the Depositor and the Note Trustee.  At any time after a declaration of acceleration with respect to the Notes has been made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the Note Trustee as provided in the Indenture, the Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities, by written notice to the Property Trustee, the Depositor and the Note Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if:

 

(i)            the Depositor has paid or deposited with the Note Trustee a sum sufficient to pay:

 

(A)          all overdue installments of interest on all of the Notes;

 

(B)           any accrued Additional Interest on all of the Notes;

 

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(C)           the principal of and premium, if any, on any Notes that have become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration and interest and Additional Interest thereon at the rate borne by the Notes; and

 

(D)          all sums paid or advanced by the Note Trustee under the Indenture and the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Note Trustee, the Property Trustee and their agents and counsel; and

 

(ii)           all Note Events of Default, other than the non-payment of the principal of the Notes that has become due solely by such acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in Section 5.13 of the Indenture.

 

Upon receipt by the Property Trustee of written notice requesting such an acceleration, or rescission and annulment thereof, by Holders of any part of the Preferred Securities, a record date shall be established for determining Holders of Outstanding Preferred Securities entitled to join in such notice, which record date shall be at the close of business on the day the Property Trustee receives such notice. The Holders on such record date, or their duly designated proxies, and only such Persons, shall be entitled to join in such notice, whether or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date; provided that, unless such declaration of acceleration, or rescission and annulment, as the case may be, shall have become effective by virtue of the requisite percentage having joined in such notice prior to the day that is ninety (90) days after such record date, such notice of declaration of acceleration, or rescission and annulment, as the case may be, shall automatically and without further action by any Holder be canceled and of no further effect. Nothing in this paragraph shall prevent a Holder, or a proxy of a Holder, from giving, after expiration of such ninety (90)-day period, a new written notice of declaration of acceleration, or rescission and annulment thereof, as the case may be, that is identical to a written notice that has been canceled pursuant to the proviso to the preceding sentence, in which event a new record date shall be established pursuant to the provisions of this Section 6.10(a).

 

(b)           For so long as any Preferred Securities remain Outstanding, to the fullest extent permitted by law and subject to the terms of this Trust Agreement and the Indenture, upon a Note Event of Default specified in paragraph (a) or (b) of Section 5.1 of the Indenture, any Holder of Preferred Securities shall have the right to institute a proceeding directly against the Depositor, pursuant to Section 5.8 of the Indenture, for enforcement of payment to such Holder of any amounts payable in respect of Notes having an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities of such Holder.  Except as set forth in Section 6.10(a) and this Section 6.10(b), the Holders of Preferred Securities shall have no right to exercise directly any right or remedy available to the holders of, or in respect of, the Notes.

 

(c)           Notwithstanding paragraphs (a) and (b) of this Section 6.10, the Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities may, on behalf of the Holders of all the Preferred Securities, waive any Note Event of Default, except any Note Event of Default arising from the failure to pay any principal of or premium, if any, or interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Notes (unless such Note Event of Default has been cured and a sum sufficient to pay all matured installments of interest and all principal and premium, if any, on all Notes due otherwise than by acceleration has been deposited with the Note Trustee) or a Note Event of Default in respect of a covenant or provision that under the Indenture cannot be

 

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modified or amended without the consent of the holder of each outstanding Note. Upon any such waiver, such Note Event of Default shall cease to exist and any Note Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured for every purpose of the Indenture; but no such waiver shall affect any subsequent Note Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

 

(d)           Notwithstanding paragraphs (a) and (b) of this Section 6.10, the Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities may, on behalf of the Holders of all the Preferred Securities, waive any past Event of Default and its consequences.  Upon such waiver, any such Event of Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this Trust Agreement, but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

 

(e)           The Holders of a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Property Trustee in respect of this Trust Agreement or the Notes or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Property Trustee under this Trust Agreement; provided that, subject to Section 8.5 and Section 8.7, the Property Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow any such direction if the Property Trustee being advised by counsel determines that the action so directed may not lawfully be taken, or if the Property Trustee in good faith shall, by an officer or officers of the Property Trustee, determine that the proceedings so directed would be illegal or involve it in personal liability or be unduly prejudicial to the rights of Holders not party to such direction, and provided, further, that nothing in this Trust Agreement shall impair the right of the Property Trustee to take any action deemed proper by the Property Trustee and which is not inconsistent with such direction.

 

ARTICLE VII

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

 

SECTION 7.1.  Representations and Warranties of the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee.

 

The Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee, each severally on behalf of and as to itself, hereby represents and warrants for the benefit of the Depositor and the Holders that:

 

(a)           the Property Trustee is a national banking association, duly organized and validly existing under the laws of the United States;

 

(b)           the Property Trustee has full corporate power, authority and legal right to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Trust Agreement and has taken all necessary action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by it of this Trust Agreement;

 

(c)           the Delaware Trustee is a national banking association, duly formed and validly existing under the laws of the United States;

 

(d)           the Delaware Trustee has full corporate power, authority and legal right to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Trust Agreement and has taken all

 

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necessary action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by it of this Trust Agreement;

 

(e)           this Trust Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee and constitutes the legal, valid and binding agreement of each of the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee enforceable against each of them in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and to general principles of equity;

 

(f)            the execution, delivery and performance of this Trust Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate or other action on the part of the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee and do not require any approval of stockholders of the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee and such execution, delivery and performance will not (i) violate the Restated Organization Certificate or Articles of Association, as applicable, or By-laws of the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee, (ii) violate any provision of, or constitute, with or without notice or lapse of time, a default under, or result in the imposition of any lien on any properties included in the Trust Property pursuant to the provisions of any indenture, mortgage, credit agreement, license or other agreement or instrument to which the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee is a party or by which it is bound, or (iii) violate any applicable law, governmental rule or regulation of the United States or the State of Delaware, as the case may be, governing the banking, trust or general powers of the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee or any order, judgment or decree applicable to the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee;

 

(g)           neither the authorization, execution or delivery by the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee of this Trust Agreement nor the consummation of any of the transactions by the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee contemplated herein requires the consent or approval of, the giving of notice to, the registration with or the taking of any other action with respect to any governmental authority or agency under any existing law of the United States or the State of Delaware governing the banking, trust or general powers of the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee, as the case may be; and

 

(h)           to the best of each of the Property Trustee’s and the Delaware Trustee’s knowledge, there are no proceedings pending or threatened against or affecting the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee in any court or before any governmental authority, agency or arbitration board or tribunal that, individually or in the aggregate, would materially and adversely affect the Trust or would question the right, power and authority of the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee, as the case may be, to enter into or perform its obligations as one of the Trustees under this Trust Agreement.

 

SECTION 7.2.  Representations and Warranties of Depositor.

 

The Depositor hereby represents and warrants for the benefit of the Holders and the Trustees that:

 

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(a)           the Depositor is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its state of incorporation;

 

(b)           the Depositor has full corporate power, authority and legal right to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Trust Agreement and has taken all necessary action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by it of this Trust Agreement;

 

(c)           this Trust Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Depositor and constitutes the legal, valid and binding agreement of the Depositor enforceable against the Depositor in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency and similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and to general principles of equity;

 

(d)           the Securities Certificates issued at the Closing Date on behalf of the Trust have been duly authorized and will have been duly and validly executed, issued and delivered by the applicable Trustees pursuant to the terms and provisions of, and in accordance with the requirements of, this Trust Agreement and the Holders will be, as of such date, entitled to the benefits of this Trust Agreement;

 

(e)           the execution, delivery and performance of this Trust Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate or other action on the part of the Depositor and do not require any approval of stockholders of the Depositor and such execution, delivery and performance will not (i) violate the articles or certificate of incorporation or by-laws (or other organizational documents) of the Depositor or violate any applicable law, governmental rule or regulation governing the Depositor or any material portion of its property or any order, judgment or decree applicable to the Depositor or any material portion of its property;

 

(f)            neither the authorization, execution or delivery by the Depositor of this Trust Agreement nor the consummation of any of the transactions by the Depositor contemplated herein requires the consent or approval of, the giving of notice to, the registration with or the taking of any other action with respect to any governmental authority or agency under any existing law governing the Depositor or any material portion of its property; and

 

(g)           there are no proceedings pending or, to the best of the Depositor’s knowledge, threatened against or affecting the Depositor or any material portion of its property in any court or before any governmental authority, agency or arbitration board or tribunal that, individually or in the aggregate, would materially and adversely affect the Trust or would question the right, power and authority of the Depositor, as the case may be, to enter into or perform its obligations under this Trust Agreement.

 

ARTICLE VIII

THE TRUSTEES

 

SECTION 8.1.  Number of Trustees.

 

The number of Trustees shall be five (5); provided that the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee may be the same Person, in which case the number of Trustees shall be four (4). The number of Trustees may be increased or decreased by Act of the Holder of the Common

 

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Securities subject to Section 8.2, Section 8.3, and Section 8.4. The death, resignation, retirement, removal, bankruptcy, incompetence or incapacity to perform the duties of a Trustee shall not operate to annul, dissolve or terminate the Trust.

 

SECTION 8.2.  Property Trustee Required.

 

There shall at all times be a Property Trustee hereunder with respect to the Trust Securities. The Property Trustee shall be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States or of any state thereof, authorized to exercise corporate trust powers, having a combined capital and surplus of at least fifty million dollars ($50,000,000), subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority and having an office within the United States.  If any such Person publishes reports of condition at least annually pursuant to law or to the requirements of its supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section 8.2, the combined capital and surplus of such Person shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time the Property Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section 8.2, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article VIII.

 

SECTION 8.3.  Delaware Trustee Required.

 

(a)           If required by the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, there shall at all times be a Delaware Trustee with respect to the Trust Securities. The Delaware Trustee shall either be (i) a natural person who is at least 21 years of age and a resident of the State of Delaware or (ii) a legal entity that has its principal place of business in the State of Delaware, otherwise meets the requirements of applicable Delaware law and shall act through one or more persons authorized to bind such entity.  If at any time the Delaware Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section 8.3, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article VIII.  The Delaware Trustee shall have the same rights, privileges and immunities as the Property Trustee.

 

(b)           The Delaware Trustee shall not be entitled to exercise any powers, nor shall the Delaware Trustee have any of the duties and responsibilities, of the Property Trustee or the Administrative Trustees set forth herein. The Delaware Trustee shall be one of the trustees of the Trust for the sole and limited purpose of fulfilling the requirements of Section 3807 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act and for taking such actions as are required to be taken by a Delaware trustee under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act. The duties (including fiduciary duties), liabilities and obligations of the Delaware Trustee shall be limited to (a) accepting legal process served on the Trust in the State of Delaware and (b) the execution of any certificates required to be filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware that the Delaware Trustee is required to execute under Section 3811 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act and there shall be no other duties (including fiduciary duties) or obligations, express or implied, at law or in equity, of the Delaware Trustee.

 

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SECTION 8.4.  Appointment of Administrative Trustees.

 

(a)           There shall at all times be one or more Administrative Trustees hereunder with respect to the Trust Securities. Each Administrative Trustee shall be either a natural person who is at least 21 years of age or a legal entity that shall act through one or more persons authorized to bind that entity.  Each of the individuals identified as an “Administrative Trustee” in the preamble of this Trust Agreement hereby accepts his or her appointment as such.

 

(b)           Except where a requirement for action by a specific number of Administrative Trustees is expressly set forth in this Trust Agreement, any act required or permitted to be taken by, and any power of the Administrative Trustees may be exercised by, or with the consent of, any one such Administrative Trustee. Whenever a vacancy in the number of Administrative Trustees shall occur, until such vacancy is filled by the appointment of an Administrative Trustee in accordance with Section 8.11, the Administrative Trustees in office, regardless of their number (and notwithstanding any other provision of this Trust Agreement), shall have all the powers granted to the Administrative Trustees and shall discharge all the duties imposed upon the Administrative Trustees by this Trust Agreement.

 

SECTION 8.5.  Duties and Responsibilities of the Trustees.

 

(a)           The rights, immunities, duties and responsibilities of the Trustees shall be as provided by this Trust Agreement and there shall be no other duties (including fiduciary duties) or obligations, express or implied, at law or in equity, of the Trustees; provided, however, that if an Event of Default known to the Property Trustee has occurred and is continuing, the Property Trustee shall, prior to the receipt of directions, if any, from the Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities, exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Trust Agreement, and use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise, as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person’s own affairs.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, no provision of this Trust Agreement shall require any of the Trustees to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its or their rights or powers, if it or they shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it. Whether or not herein expressly so provided, every provision of this Trust Agreement relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Trustees shall be subject to the provisions of this Section 8.5. Nothing in this Trust Agreement shall be construed to release any Administrative Trustee from liability for his or her own negligent action, negligent failure to act; or his or her own willful misconduct. To the extent that, at law or in equity, a Trustee has duties and liabilities relating to the Trust or to the Holders, such Trustee shall not be liable to the Trust or to any Holder for such Trustee’s good faith reliance on the provisions of this Trust Agreement. The provisions of this Trust Agreement, to the extent that they restrict the duties and liabilities of the Trustees otherwise existing at law or in equity, are agreed by the Depositor and the Holders to replace such other duties and liabilities of the Trustees.

 

(b)           All payments made by the Property Trustee or a Paying Agent in respect of the Trust Securities shall be made only from the revenue and proceeds from the Trust Property and only to the extent that there shall be sufficient revenue or proceeds from the Trust Property to

 

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enable the Property Trustee or a Paying Agent to make payments in accordance with the terms hereof. Each Holder, by its acceptance of a Trust Security, agrees that it will look solely to the revenue and proceeds from the Trust Property to the extent legally available for distribution to it as herein provided and that the Trustees are not personally liable to it for any amount distributable in respect of any Trust Security or for any other liability in respect of any Trust Security. This Section 8.5(b) does not limit the liability of the Trustees expressly set forth elsewhere in this Trust Agreement.

 

(c)           No provisions of this Trust Agreement shall be construed to relieve the Property Trustee from liability with respect to matters that are within the authority of the Property Trustee under this Trust Agreement for its own negligent action, negligent failure to act or willful misconduct, except that:

 

(i)            the Property Trustee shall not be liable for any error or judgment made in good faith by an authorized officer of the Property Trustee, unless it shall be proved that the Property Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;

 

(ii)           the Property Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Property Trustee hereunder or under the Indenture, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Property Trustee under this Trust Agreement;

 

(iii)          the Property Trustee’s sole duty with respect to the custody, safe keeping and physical preservation of the Notes and the Payment Account shall be to deal with such Property in a similar manner as the Property Trustee deals with similar property for its own account, subject to the protections and limitations on liability afforded to the Property Trustee under this Trust Agreement;

 

(iv)          the Property Trustee shall not be liable for any interest on any money received by it except as it may otherwise agree in writing with the Depositor; and money held by the Property Trustee need not be segregated from other funds held by it except in relation to the Payment Account maintained by the Property Trustee pursuant to Section 3.1 and except to the extent otherwise required by law; and

 

(v)           the Property Trustee shall not be responsible for monitoring the compliance by the Administrative Trustees or the Depositor with their respective duties under this Trust Agreement, nor shall the Property Trustee be liable for the default or misconduct of any other Trustee or the Depositor.

 

SECTION 8.6.  Notices of Defaults and Extensions.

 

(a)           Within ninety (90) days after the occurrence of a default actually known to the Property Trustee, the Property Trustee shall transmit notice of such default to the Holders, the Administrative Trustees and the Depositor, unless such default shall have been cured or waived. For the purpose of this Section 8.6, the term “default” means any event that is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default.

 

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(b)           Within five (5) Business Days after the receipt of notice of the Depositor’s exercise of its right to defer the payment of interest on the Notes pursuant to the Indenture, the Property Trustee shall transmit, in the manner and to the extent provided in Section 10.8, notice of such exercise to the Holders and the Administrative Trustees, unless such exercise shall have been revoked.

 

(c)           The Property Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of any Event of Default unless either (i) a Responsible Officer of the Property Trustee shall have actual knowledge or (ii) the Property Trustee shall have received written notice thereof from the Depositor, an Administrative Trustee or a Holder.

 

(d)           The Property Trustee shall notify all Holders of the Preferred Securities of any notice of default received with respect to the Notes.

 

SECTION 8.7.  Certain Rights of Property Trustee.

 

Subject to the provisions of Section 8.5:

 

(a)           the Property Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting in good faith and in accordance with the terms hereof upon any resolution, Opinion of Counsel, certificate, written representation of a Holder or transferee, certificate of auditors or any other resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, appraisal, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties;

 

(b)           if (i) in performing its duties under this Trust Agreement the Property Trustee is required to decide between alternative courses of action, (ii) in construing any of the provisions of this Trust Agreement the Property Trustee finds a provision ambiguous or inconsistent with any other provisions contained herein or (iii) the Property Trustee is unsure of the application of any provision of this Trust Agreement, then, except as to any matter as to which the Holders of the Preferred Securities are entitled to vote under the terms of this Trust Agreement, the Property Trustee shall deliver a notice to the Depositor requesting the Depositor’s written instruction as to the course of action to be taken and the Property Trustee shall take such action, or refrain from taking such action, as the Property Trustee shall be instructed in writing to take, or to refrain from taking, by the Depositor; provided that if the Property Trustee does not receive such instructions of the Depositor within ten (10) Business Days after it has delivered such notice or such reasonably shorter period of time set forth in such notice, the Property Trustee may, but shall be under no duty to, take such action, or refrain from taking such action, as the Property Trustee shall deem advisable and in the best interests of the Holders, in which event the Property Trustee shall have no liability except for its own negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct;

 

(c)           any direction or act of the Depositor contemplated by this Trust Agreement shall be sufficiently evidenced by an Officers’ Certificate unless otherwise expressly provided herein;

 

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(d)           any direction or act of an Administrative Trustee contemplated by this Trust Agreement shall be sufficiently evidenced by a certificate executed by such Administrative Trustee and setting forth such direction or act;

 

(e)           the Property Trustee shall have no duty to see to any recording, filing or registration of any instrument (including any financing or continuation statement or any filing under tax or securities laws) or any re-recording, re-filing or re-registration thereof;

 

(f)            the Property Trustee may consult with counsel (which counsel may be counsel to the Property Trustee, the Depositor or any of its Affiliates, and may include any of its employees) and the advice of such counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon and in accordance with such advice; the Property Trustee shall have the right at any time to seek instructions concerning the administration of this Trust Agreement from any court of competent jurisdiction;

 

(g)           the Property Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Trust Agreement at the request or direction of any of the Holders pursuant to this Trust Agreement, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Property Trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses) and liabilities that might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction, including reasonable advances as may be requested by the Property Trustee; provided, however, that nothing contained in this Section 8.7(g) shall be construed to relieve the Property Trustee, upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, of its obligation to exercise the rights and powers vested in it by this Trust Agreement; provided, further, that nothing contained in this Section 8.7(g) shall prevent the Property Trustee from exercising its rights under Section 8.11 hereof;

 

(h)           the Property Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, approval, bond, debenture, note or other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document, unless requested in writing to do so by one or more Holders, but the Property Trustee may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Property Trustee shall determine to make such inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and premises of the Depositor, personally or by agent or attorney;

 

(i)            the Property Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through its agents, attorneys, custodians or nominees and the Property Trustee shall not be responsible for any negligence or misconduct on the part of any such agent, attorney, custodian or nominee appointed with due care by it hereunder;

 

(j)            whenever in the administration of this Trust Agreement the Property Trustee shall deem it desirable to receive instructions with respect to enforcing any remedy or right hereunder, the Property Trustee (i) may request instructions from the Holders (which instructions may only be given by the Holders of the same proportion in

 

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Liquidation Amount of the Trust Securities as would be entitled to direct the Property Trustee under this Trust Agreement in respect of such remedy, right or action), (ii) may refrain from enforcing such remedy or right or taking such other action until such instructions are received and (iii) shall be protected in acting in accordance with such instructions;

 

(k)           except as otherwise expressly provided by this Trust Agreement, the Property Trustee shall not be under any obligation to take any action that is discretionary under the provisions of this Trust Agreement;

 

(l)            without prejudice to any other rights available to the Property Trustee under applicable law, when the Property Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with a Bankruptcy Event, such expenses (including legal fees and expenses of its agents and counsel) and the compensation for such services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any bankruptcy law or law relating to creditors rights generally; and

 

(m)          whenever in the administration of this Trust Agreement the Property Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Property Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, request and rely on an Officers’ Certificate which, upon receipt of such request, shall be promptly delivered by the Depositor.

 

No provision of this Trust Agreement shall be deemed to impose any duty or obligation on any Trustee to perform any act or acts or exercise any right, power, duty or obligation conferred or imposed on it, in any jurisdiction in which it shall be illegal, or in which such Person shall be unqualified or incompetent in accordance with applicable law, to perform any such act or acts, or to exercise any such right, power, duty or obligation.

 

SECTION 8.8.  Delegation of Power.

 

Any Trustee may, by power of attorney consistent with applicable law, delegate to any other natural person over the age of 21 its, his or her power for the purpose of executing any documents contemplated in Section 2.5. The Trustees shall have power to delegate from time to time to the Depositor the doing of such things and the execution of such instruments either in the name of the Trust or the names of the Trustees or otherwise as the Trustees may deem expedient, to the extent such delegation is not prohibited by applicable law or contrary to the provisions of this Trust Agreement.

 

SECTION 8.9.  May Hold Securities.

 

Any Trustee or any other agent of any Trustee or the Trust, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Trust Securities and except as provided in the definition of the term “Outstanding” in Article I, may otherwise deal with the Trust with the same rights it would have if it were not a Trustee or such other agent.

 

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SECTION 8.10.  Compensation; Reimbursement; Indemnity.

 

The Depositor agrees:

 

(a)           to pay to the Trustees from time to time such reasonable compensation for all services rendered by them hereunder as may be agreed by the Depositor and the Trustees from time to time (which compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust);

 

(b)           to reimburse the Trustees upon request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustees in accordance with any provision of this Trust Agreement (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of their agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be attributable to their gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct; and

 

(c)           to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, to indemnify and hold harmless (i) each Trustee, (ii) any Affiliate of any Trustee, (iii) any officer, director, shareholder, employee, representative or agent of any Trustee or any Affiliate of any Trustee and (iv) any employee or agent of the Trust (referred to herein as an “Indemnified Person”) from and against any loss, damage, liability, tax (other than income, franchise or other taxes imposed on amounts paid pursuant to Section 8.10(a) or (b) hereof), penalty, expense or claim of any kind or nature whatsoever incurred without negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct on its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the Trust hereunder, including the advancement of funds to cover the costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder.

 

The Trust shall have no payment, reimbursement or indemnity obligations to the Trustees under this Section 8.10.  The provisions of this Section 8.10 shall survive the termination of this Trust Agreement and the earlier removal or resignation of any Trustee.

 

No Trustee may claim any Lien on any Trust Property whether before or after termination of the Trust as a result of any amount due pursuant to this Section 8.10.

 

To the fullest extent permitted by law, in no event shall the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee be liable for any indirect, special, punitive or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever, including, but not limited to, lost profits, even if the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action.

 

In no event shall the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee be liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder because of circumstances beyond its control, including, but not limited to, acts of God, flood, war (whether declared or undeclared), terrorism, fire, riot, embargo, government action, including any laws, ordinances, regulations, governmental action or the like which delay, restrict or prohibit the providing of the services contemplated by this Trust Agreement.

 

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SECTION 8.11.  Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor.

 

(a)           No resignation or removal of any Trustee and no appointment of a successor Trustee pursuant to this Article VIII shall become effective until the acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 8.12.

 

(b)           A Trustee may resign at any time by giving written notice thereof to the Depositor and, in the case of the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee, to the Holders.

 

(c)           Unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee, or both of them, may be removed (with or without cause) at any time by Act of the Holder of Common Securities.  If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee, or both of them, may be removed (with or without cause) at such time by Act of the Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities, delivered to the removed Trustee (in its individual capacity and on behalf of the Trust).  An Administrative Trustee may be removed (with or without cause) only by Act of the Holder of the Common Securities at any time.

 

(d)           If any Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting as Trustee, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of any Trustee for any reason, at a time when no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Holder of the Common Securities, by Act of the Holder of the Common Securities, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees, and such successor Trustee and the retiring Trustee shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 8.12. If the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of continuing to act as the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee, as the case may be, at a time when an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Holders of the Preferred Securities, by Act of the Holders of a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities, shall promptly appoint a successor Property Trustee or Delaware Trustee, and such successor Property Trustee or Delaware Trustee and the retiring Property Trustee or Delaware Trustee shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 8.12. If an Administrative Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting as Administrative Trustee, at a time when an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Holder of the Common Securities by Act of the Holder of Common Securities shall promptly appoint a successor Administrative Trustee and such successor Administrative Trustee and the retiring Administrative Trustee shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 8.12. If no successor Trustee shall have been so appointed by the Holder of the Common Securities or Holders of the Preferred Securities, as the case may be, and accepted appointment in the manner required by Section 8.12 within thirty (30) days after the giving of a notice of resignation by a Trustee, the removal of a Trustee, or a Trustee becoming incapable of acting as such Trustee, any Holder who has been a Holder of Preferred Securities for at least six (6) months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, and any resigning Trustee may, in each case, at the expense of the Depositor, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee.

 

(e)           The Depositor shall give notice of each resignation and each removal of the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee and each appointment of a successor Property Trustee or Delaware Trustee to all Holders in the manner provided in Section 10.8.  Each notice shall

 

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include the name of the successor Property Trustee or Delaware Trustee and the address of its Corporate Trust Office if it is the Property Trustee.

 

(f)            Notwithstanding the foregoing or any other provision of this Trust Agreement, in the event any Administrative Trustee or a Delaware Trustee who is a natural person dies or becomes, in the opinion of the Holder of Common Securities, incompetent or incapacitated, the vacancy created by such death, incompetence or incapacity may be filled by (i) the unanimous act of the remaining Administrative Trustees if there are at least two of them or (ii) otherwise by the Holder of the Common Securities (with the successor in each case being a Person who satisfies the eligibility requirement for Administrative Trustees or Delaware Trustee, as the case may be, set forth in Section 8.3 and Section 8.4).

 

(g)           Upon the appointment of a successor Delaware Trustee, such successor Delaware Trustee shall file a Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Trust in accordance with Section 3810 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act.

 

SECTION 8.12.  Acceptance of Appointment by Successor.

 

(a)           In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee, each successor Trustee shall execute and deliver to the Depositor and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and each such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on request of the Trust or any successor Trustee such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges, duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all Trust Property, all proceeds thereof and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder with respect to the Trust Securities and the Trust.

 

(b)           Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Trust (or the retiring Trustee if requested by the Depositor) shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in the preceding paragraph.

 

(c)           No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and eligible under this Article VIII.

 

SECTION 8.13.  Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business.

 

Any Person into which the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Trustee shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate trust business of such Trustee, shall be the successor of such Trustee hereunder, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto, provided that such Person shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article VIII.

 

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SECTION 8.14.  Not Responsible for Recitals Issuance of Securities and Representations.

 

The recitals contained herein and in the Securities Certificates shall be taken as the statements of the Trust and the Depositor, and the Trustees do not assume any responsibility for their correctness.  The Trustees make no representations as to the title to, or value or condition of, the property of the Trust or any part thereof, nor as to the validity or sufficiency of this Trust Agreement, the Notes or the Trust Securities.  The Trustees shall not be accountable for the use or application by the Depositor of the proceeds of the Notes. It is expressly understood and agreed by the parties hereto that insofar as any document, agreement or certificate is executed on behalf of the Trust by any Trustee (i) such document, agreement or certificate is executed and delivered by such Trustee, not in its individual capacity but solely as Trustee under this Trust Agreement in the exercise of the powers and authority conferred and vested in it, (ii) each of the representations, undertakings and agreements made on the part of the Trust is made and intended not as representations, warranties, covenants, undertakings and agreements by any Trustee in its individual capacity but is made and intended for the purpose of binding only the Trust and (iii) under no circumstances shall any Trustee in its individual capacity be personally liable for the payment of any indebtedness or expenses of the Trust or be liable for the breach or failure of any obligation, representation, warranty or covenant made or undertaken by the Trust under this Trust Agreement or any other document, agreement or certificate.

 

SECTION 8.15.  Property Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.

 

(a)           In case of any Bankruptcy Event (or event that with the passage of time would become a Bankruptcy Event) relative to the Trust or any other obligor upon the Trust Securities or the property of the Trust or of such other obligor or their creditors, the Property Trustee (irrespective of whether any Distributions on the Trust Securities shall then be due and payable and irrespective of whether the Property Trustee shall have made any demand on the Trust for the payment of any past due Distributions) shall be entitled and empowered, to the fullest extent permitted by law, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise:

 

(i)            to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of any Distributions owing and unpaid in respect of the Trust Securities and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Property Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Property Trustee, its agents and counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceeding; and

 

(ii)           to collect and receive any monies or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same;

 

and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Property Trustee and, in the event the Property Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Property Trustee first any amount due it for the reasonable

 

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compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Property Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Property Trustee.

 

(b)           Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Property Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or compensation affecting the Trust Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Property Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.

 

SECTION 8.16.  Reports to the Property Trustee.

 

(a)           The Depositor and the Administrative Trustees shall deliver to the Property Trustee, not later than forty five (45) days after the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters of the Depositor and not later than ninety (90) days after the end of each fiscal year of the Trust ending after the date of this Trust Agreement, an Officers’ Certificate covering the preceding fiscal year, stating whether or not to the knowledge of the signers thereof the Depositor and the Trust are in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions of this Trust Agreement (without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided hereunder) and, if the Depositor or the Trust shall be in default, specifying all such defaults and the nature and status thereof of which they have knowledge.

 

(b)           The Depositor shall furnish (i) to the Property Trustee; (ii) Taberna Capital Management, LLC; and (iii) any Owner of the Preferred Securities reasonably identified to the Depositor and the Trust (which identification may be made either by such Owner or by Taberna Capital Management, LLC) a duly completed and executed certificate substantively and substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit F, including the financial statements referenced in such Exhibit, which certificate and financial statements shall be so furnished by the Depositor not later than forty five (45) days after the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year of the Depositor and not later than ninety (90) days after the end of each fiscal year of the Depositor.

 

The Property Trustee shall obtain all reports, certificate and information, which it is entitled to obtain under each of the Operative Documents.

 

ARTICLE IX

TERMINATION, LIQUIDATION AND MERGER

 

SECTION 9.1.  Dissolution Upon Expiration Date.

 

Unless earlier dissolved, the Trust shall automatically dissolve on January 30, 2041 (the “Expiration Date”), and the Trust Property shall be liquidated in accordance with Section 9.4.

 

SECTION 9.2.  Early Termination.

 

The first to occur of any of the following events is an “Early Termination Event”, upon the occurrence of which the Trust shall be dissolved:

 

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(a)           the occurrence of a Bankruptcy Event in respect of, or the dissolution or liquidation of, the Depositor, in its capacity as the Holder of the Common Securities, unless the Depositor shall have transferred the Common Securities as provided by Section 5.11, in which case this provision shall refer instead to any such successor Holder of the Common Securities;

 

(b)           the written direction to the Property Trustee from the Holder of the Common Securities at any time to dissolve the Trust and, after satisfaction of any liabilities of the Trust as required by applicable law, to distribute the Notes to Holders in exchange for the Preferred Securities (which direction is optional and wholly within the discretion of the Holder of the Common Securities);

 

(c)           the redemption of all of the Preferred Securities in connection with the payment at maturity or redemption of all the Notes; and

 

(d)           the entry of an order for dissolution of the Trust by a court of competent jurisdiction.

 

SECTION 9.3.  Termination.

 

The respective obligations and responsibilities of the Trustees and the Trust shall terminate upon the latest to occur of the following: (a) the distribution by the Property Trustee to Holders of all amounts required to be distributed hereunder upon the liquidation of the Trust pursuant to Section 9.4, or upon the redemption of all of the Trust Securities pursuant to Section 4.2; (b) the satisfaction of any expenses owed by the Trust; and (c) the discharge of all administrative duties of the Administrative Trustees, including the performance of any tax reporting obligations with respect to the Trust or the Holders.  As soon as possible thereafter, and after satisfaction of liabilities to creditors of the Trust as required by applicable law, including Section 3808 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, the Delaware Trustee, when notified in writing of the completion of the winding up of the Trust in accordance with the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, shall terminate the Trust by filing, at the expense of the Depositor, a certificate of cancellation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.

 

SECTION 9.4.  Liquidation.

 

(a)           If an Early Termination Event specified in Section 9.2(a), (b) or (d) occurs or upon the Expiration Date, the Trust shall be liquidated by the Property Trustee as expeditiously as the Property Trustee shall determine to be possible by distributing, after satisfaction of liabilities to creditors of the Trust as provided by applicable law, to each Holder a Like Amount of Notes, subject to Section 9.4(d). Notice of liquidation shall be given by the Property Trustee not less than thirty (30) nor more than sixty (60) days prior to the Liquidation Date to each Holder of Trust Securities at such Holder’s address appearing in the Securities Register. All such notices of liquidation shall:

 

(i)            state the Liquidation Date;

 

(ii)           state that from and after the Liquidation Date, the Trust Securities will no longer be deemed to be Outstanding and (subject to Section 9.4(d)) any Securities

 

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Certificates not surrendered for exchange will be deemed to represent a Like Amount of Notes; and

 

(iii)          provide such information with respect to the mechanics by which Holders may exchange Securities Certificates for Notes, or if Section 9.4(d) applies, receive a Liquidation Distribution, as the Property Trustee shall deem appropriate.

 

(b)           Except where Section 9.2(c) or Section 9.4(d) applies, in order to effect the liquidation of the Trust and distribution of the Notes to Holders, the Property Trustee, either itself acting as exchange agent or through the appointment of a separate exchange agent, shall establish a record date for such distribution (which shall not be more than forty five (45) days prior to the Liquidation Date nor prior to the date on which notice of such liquidation is given to the Holders) and establish such procedures as it shall deem appropriate to effect the distribution of Notes in exchange for the Outstanding Securities Certificates.

 

(c)           Except where Section 9.2(c) or Section 9.4(d) applies, after the Liquidation Date, (i) the Trust Securities will no longer be deemed to be Outstanding, (ii) certificates representing a Like Amount of Notes will be issued to Holders of Securities Certificates, upon surrender of such Certificates to the exchange agent for exchange, (iii) the Depositor shall use its best efforts to have the Notes listed on the New York Stock Exchange or on such other exchange, interdealer quotation system or self-regulatory organization on which the Preferred Securities are then listed, if any, (iv) Securities Certificates not so surrendered for exchange will be deemed to represent a Like Amount of Notes bearing accrued and unpaid interest in an amount equal to the accumulated and unpaid Distributions on such Securities Certificates until such certificates are so surrendered (and until such certificates are so surrendered, no payments of interest or principal will be made to Holders of Securities Certificates with respect to such Notes) and (v) all rights of Holders holding Trust Securities will cease, except the right of such Holders to receive Notes upon surrender of Securities Certificates.

 

(d)           Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Section 9.4, if distribution of the Notes in the manner provided herein is determined by the Property Trustee not to be permitted or practical, the Trust Property shall be liquidated, and the Trust shall be wound up by the Property Trustee in such manner as the Property Trustee determines.  In such event, Holders will be entitled to receive out of the assets of the Trust available for distribution to Holders, after satisfaction of liabilities to creditors of the Trust as provided by applicable law, an amount equal to the Liquidation Amount per Trust Security plus accumulated and unpaid Distributions thereon to the date of payment (such amount being the “Liquidation Distribution”). If, upon any such winding up the Liquidation Distribution can be paid only in part because the Trust has insufficient assets available to pay in full the aggregate Liquidation Distribution, then, subject to the next succeeding sentence, the amounts payable by the Trust on the Trust Securities shall be paid on a pro rata basis (based upon Liquidation Amounts). The Holder of the Common Securities will be entitled to receive Liquidation Distributions upon any such winding up pro rata (based upon Liquidation Amounts) with Holders of all Trust Securities, except that, if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Preferred Securities shall have a priority over the Common Securities as provided in Section 4.3.

 

F-54



 

SECTION 9.5.  Mergers, Consolidations, Amalgamations or Replacements of Trust.

 

The Trust may not merge with or into, consolidate, amalgamate, or be replaced by, or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to, any Person except pursuant to this Article IX. At the request of the Holders of the Common Securities, without the consent of the Holders of the Preferred Securities, the Trust may merge with or into, consolidate, amalgamate, or be replaced by or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to a trust organized as such under the laws of any State; provided that:

 

(a)           such successor entity either (i) expressly assumes all of the obligations of the Trust under this Trust Agreement with respect to the Preferred Securities or (ii) substitutes for the Preferred Securities other securities having substantially the same terms as the Preferred Securities (such other Securities, the “Successor Securities”) so long as the Successor Securities have the same priority as the Preferred Securities with respect to distributions and payments upon liquidation, redemption and otherwise;

 

(b)           a trustee of such successor entity possessing substantially the same powers and duties as the Property Trustee is appointed to hold the Notes;

 

(c)           the Preferred Securities are listed, or any Successor Securities will be listed upon notice of issuance, on any national securities exchange or interdealer quotation system on which the Preferred Securities are then listed, if any;

 

(d)           such merger, consolidation, amalgamation, replacement, conveyance, transfer or lease does not adversely affect the rights, preferences and privileges of the Holders of the Preferred Securities (including any Successor Securities) in any material respect;

 

(e)           such successor entity has a purpose substantially identical to that of the Trust;

 

(f)            prior to such merger, consolidation, amalgamation, replacement, conveyance, transfer or lease, the Depositor has received an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that (i) such merger, consolidation, amalgamation, replacement, conveyance, transfer or lease does not adversely affect the rights, preferences and privileges of the Holders of the Preferred Securities (including any Successor Securities) in any material respect; (ii) following such merger, consolidation, amalgamation, replacement, conveyance, transfer or lease, neither the Trust nor such successor entity will be required to register as an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act and (iii) following such merger, consolidation, amalgamation, replacement, conveyance, transfer or lease, the Trust (or the successor entity) will continue to be classified as a grantor trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes; and

 

(g)           the Depositor or its permitted transferee owns all of the common securities of such successor entity.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust shall not, except with the consent of Holders of all of the Preferred Securities, consolidate, amalgamate, merge with or into, or be replaced by or

 

F-55



 

convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any other Person or permit any other entity to consolidate, amalgamate, merge with or into, or replace, the Trust if such consolidation, amalgamation, merger, replacement, conveyance, transfer or lease would cause the Trust or the successor entity to be taxable as a corporation or classified as other than a grantor trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes or cause the Notes to be treated as other than indebtedness of the Depositor for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

ARTICLE X

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

 

SECTION 10.1.  Limitation of Rights of Holders.

 

Except as set forth in Section 9.2, the death, bankruptcy, termination, dissolution or incapacity of any Person having an interest, beneficial or otherwise, in Trust Securities shall not operate to terminate this Trust Agreement, nor annul, dissolve or terminate the Trust nor entitle the legal representatives or heirs of such Person or any Holder for such Person, to claim an accounting, take any action or bring any proceeding in any court for a partition or winding up of the arrangements contemplated hereby, nor otherwise affect the rights, obligations and liabilities of the parties hereto or any of them.

 

SECTION 10.2.  Agreed Tax Treatment of Trust and Trust Securities.

 

The parties hereto and, by its acceptance or acquisition of a Trust Security or a beneficial interest therein, the Holder of, and any Person that acquires a beneficial interest in, such Trust Security intend and agree to treat the Trust as a grantor trust for United States federal, state and local tax purposes, and to treat the Trust Securities (including all payments and proceeds with respect to such Trust Securities) as undivided beneficial ownership interests in the Trust Property (and payments and proceeds therefrom, respectively) for United States federal, state and local tax purposes and to treat the Notes as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal, state and local tax purposes.  The provisions of this Trust Agreement shall be interpreted to further this intention and agreement of the parties.

 

SECTION 10.3.  Amendment.

 

(a)           This Trust Agreement may be amended from time to time by the Property Trustee, the Administrative Trustees and the Holder of all the Common Securities, without the consent of any Holder of the Preferred Securities, (i) to cure any ambiguity, correct or supplement any provision herein that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision herein, or to make or amend any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this Trust Agreement, which shall not be inconsistent with the other provisions of this Trust Agreement, (ii) to modify, eliminate or add to any provisions of this Trust Agreement to such extent as shall be necessary to ensure that the Trust will neither be taxable as a corporation nor be classified as other than a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes at all times that any Trust Securities are Outstanding or to ensure that the Notes are treated as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal income tax purposes, or to ensure that the Trust will not be required to register as an “investment company” under the Investment

 

F-56



 

Company Act or (iii) to add to the covenants, restrictions or obligations of the Depositor; provided that in the case of clauses (i), (ii) or (iii), such action shall not adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any Holder.

 

(b)           Except as provided in Section 10.3(c), any provision of this Trust Agreement may be amended by the Property Trustee, the Administrative Trustees and the Holder of all of the Common Securities and with (i) the consent of Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities and (ii) receipt by the Trustees of an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that such amendment or the exercise of any power granted to the Trustees in accordance with such amendment will not cause the Trust to be taxable as a corporation or classified as other than a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes or affect the treatment of the Notes as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal income tax purposes or affect the Trust’s exemption from status (or from any requirement to register) as an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act.  In addition to the foregoing, the Distribution Dates, Redemption Date and Stated Maturity (as defined in the Indenture) with respect to the Preferred Securities or a portion of the Preferred Securities shall be modified in connection with any modification of the Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated Maturity of the Junior Subordinated Notes made by the Company and the Trust at the direction of any holder of the Preferred Securities or a portion of the Preferred Securities as set forth in Section 6 of the Purchase Agreements.

 

(c)           Notwithstanding any other provision of this Trust Agreement, without the consent of each Holder, this Trust Agreement may not be amended to (i) change the accrual rate, amount, currency or timing of any Distribution on or the redemption price of the Trust Securities or otherwise adversely affect the amount of any Distribution or other payment required to be made in respect of the Trust Securities as of a specified date, except as set forth in the last sentence of Section 10.3(b) above, (ii) restrict or impair the right of a Holder to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such date, (iii) reduce the percentage of aggregate Liquidation Amount of Outstanding Preferred Securities, the consent of whose Holders is required for any such amendment, or the consent of whose Holders is required for any waiver of compliance with any provision of this Trust Agreement or of defaults hereunder and their consequences provided for in this Trust Agreement; (iv) impair or adversely affect the rights and interests of the Holders in the Trust Property, or permit the creation of any Lien on any portion of the Trust Property; or (v) modify the definition of “Outstanding,” this Section 10.3(c), Section 4.1, Section 4.2, Section 4.3, Section 6.10(e) or Article IX.

 

(d)           Notwithstanding any other provision of this Trust Agreement, no Trustee shall enter into or consent to any amendment to this Trust Agreement that would cause the Trust to be taxable as a corporation or to be classified as other than a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes or that would cause the Notes to fail or cease to be treated as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal income tax purposes or that would cause the Trust to fail or cease to qualify for the exemption from status (or from any requirement to register) as an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act.

 

(e)           If any amendment to this Trust Agreement is made, the Administrative Trustees or the Property Trustee shall promptly provide to the Depositor and the Note Trustee a copy of such amendment.

 

F-57



 

(f)            No Trustee shall be required to enter into any amendment to this Trust Agreement that affects its own rights, duties or immunities under this Trust Agreement. The Trustees shall be entitled to receive an Opinion of Counsel and an Officers’ Certificate stating that any amendment to this Trust Agreement is in compliance with this Trust Agreement and all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such action have been met.

 

(g)           No amendment or modification to this Trust Agreement that adversely affects in any material respect the rights, duties, liabilities, indemnities or immunities of the Delaware Trustee hereunder shall be permitted without the prior written consent of the Delaware Trustee.

 

SECTION 10.4.  Separability.

 

If any provision in this Trust Agreement or in the Securities Certificates shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and there shall be deemed substituted for the provision at issue a valid, legal and enforceable provision as similar as possible to the provision at issue.

 

SECTION 10.5.  Governing Law.

 

THIS TRUST AGREEMENT AND THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF EACH OF THE HOLDERS, THE TRUST, THE DEPOSITOR AND THE TRUSTEES WITH RESPECT TO THIS TRUST AGREEMENT AND THE TRUST SECURITIES SHALL BE CONSTRUED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICTS OF LAWS PROVISIONS.

 

SECTION 10.6.  Successors.

 

This Trust Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of any successor to the Depositor, the Trust and any Trustee, including any successor by operation of law. Except in connection with a transaction involving the Depositor that is permitted under Article VIII of the Indenture and pursuant to which the assignee agrees in writing to perform the Depositor’s obligations hereunder, the Depositor shall not assign its obligations hereunder.

 

SECTION 10.7.  Headings.

 

The Article and Section headings are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction of this Trust Agreement

 

SECTION 10.8.  Reports, Notices and Demands.

 

(a)           Any report, notice, demand or other communication that by any provision of this Trust Agreement is required or permitted to be given or served to or upon any Holder or the Depositor may be given or served in writing delivered in person, or by reputable, overnight courier, by telecopy or by deposit thereof, first-class postage prepaid, in the United States mail, addressed, (a) in the case of a Holder of Preferred Securities, to such Holder as such Holder’s name and address may appear on the Securities Register; and (b) in the case of the Holder of all

 

F-58



 

the Common Securities or the Depositor, to GKK Capital LP, 420 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10170, Attention:  Gregory F. Hughes, with a copy to Clifford Chance US LLP, 31 West 52nd Street, New York, NY 10019, Attention:  Larry P. Medvinsky, or to such other address as may be specified in a written notice by the Holder of all the Common Securities or the Depositor, as the case may be, to the Property Trustee. Such report, notice, demand or other communication to or upon a Holder or the Depositor shall be deemed to have been given when received in person, within one (1) Business Day following delivery by overnight courier, when telecopied with receipt confirmed, or within three (3) Business Days following delivery by mail, except that if a notice or other document is refused delivery or cannot be delivered because of a changed address of which no notice was given, such notice or other document shall be deemed to have been delivered on the date of such refusal or inability to deliver.

 

(b)           Any notice, demand or other communication that by any provision of this Trust Agreement is required or permitted to be given or served to or upon the Property Trustee, the Delaware Trustee, the Administrative Trustees or the Trust shall be given in writing by deposit thereof, first-class postage prepaid, in the U.S. mail, personal delivery or facsimile transmission, addressed to such Person as follows: (i) with respect to the Property Trustee to JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, 600 Travis, 50th Floor, Houston, Texas 77002, Attention: Worldwide Securities Services—Gramercy Capital Trust III,  facsimile no. (713) 216-2101, (ii) with respect to the Delaware Trustee, to Chase Bank USA, National Association, c/o JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, 500 Stanton Christiana Road, Building 4 (3rd Floor), Newark, Delaware 19713, Attention: Worldwide Securities Services—Gramercy Capital Trust III, facsimile no. (302) 552-6280; (iii) with respect to the Administrative Trustees, to them at the address above for notices to the Depositor, marked “Attention: Administrative Trustees of Gramercy Capital Trust III”, and (iv) with respect to the Trust, to its principal executive office specified in Section 2.2, with a copy to the Property Trustee. Such notice, demand or other communication to or upon the Trust, the Property Trustee or the Administrative Trustees shall be deemed to have been sufficiently given or made only upon actual receipt of the writing by the Trust, the Property Trustee or the Administrative Trustees.

 

SECTION 10.9.  Agreement Not to Petition.

 

Each of the Trustees and the Depositor agree for the benefit of the Holders that, until at least one year and one day after the Trust has been terminated in accordance with Article IX, they shall not file, or join in the filing of, a petition against the Trust under any Bankruptcy Law or otherwise join in the commencement of any proceeding against the Trust under any Bankruptcy Law. If the Depositor takes action in violation of this Section 10.9, the Property Trustee agrees, for the benefit of Holders, that at the expense of the Depositor, it shall file an answer with the applicable bankruptcy court or otherwise properly contest the filing of such petition by the Depositor against the Trust or the commencement of such action and raise the defense that the Depositor has agreed in writing not to take such action and should be estopped and precluded therefrom and such other defenses, if any, as counsel for the Property Trustee or the Trust may assert.

 

F-59



 

SECTION 10.10.  Counterparts. This instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.

 

[REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

 

F-60



 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Amended and Restated Trust Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

 

GKK CAPITAL LP, as Depositor By:

 

 

 

GRAMERCY CAPITAL CORP., its general partner

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Name: Marc Holliday

 

 

 

 

 

Title: President & Chief Executive Officer

 

 

 

 

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NATIONAL

CHASE BANK USA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as

ASSOCIATION, as Property Trustee

Delaware Trustee

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

Title:

 

Title:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Administrative Trustee

 

Administrative Trustee

Name: Marc Holliday

 

Name: Gregory F. Hughes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Administrative Trustee

 

Name: Hugh Hall

 

 

A-1



 

Exhibit A

 

CERTIFICATE OF TRUST

 

OF

 

GRAMERCY CAPITAL TRUST III

 

This Certificate of Trust of Gramercy Capital Trust III (the “Trust”) is being duly executed and filed on behalf of the Trust by the undersigned, as trustee, to form a statutory trust under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act (12 Del. C. §3801 et seq.) (the “Act”).

 

1              Name.  The name of the statutory trust formed by this Certificate of Trust is: Gramercy Capital Trust III.

 

2              Delaware Trustee.  The name and business address of the trustee of the Trust with its principal place of business in the State of Delaware are Chase Bank USA, National Association c/o JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, 500 Stanton Christiana Road, Building 4 (3rd Floor), Newark, Delaware 19713, Attention: Worldwide Securities Services.

 

3              Effective Date. This Certificate of Trust shall be effective upon its filing with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned trustee has duly executed this Certificate of Trust in accordance with Section 3811(a)(1) of the Act.

 

 

CHASE BANK USA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, not in
its individual capacity, but solely as Delaware
Trustee

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

Title:

 

A-1



 

Exhibit B

 

[FORM OF COMMON SECURITIES CERTIFICATE]

 

THIS COMMON SECURITY HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR ANY STATE SECURITIES LAWS OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION.  THIS CERTIFICATE IS NOT TRANSFERABLE EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LAW AND SECTION 5.11 OF THE TRUST AGREEMENT

 

Certificate Number

 

Number of Common Securities

 

 

 

C-1

 

1,550

 

Certificate Evidencing Common Securities

 

of

 

GRAMERCY CAPITAL TRUST III

 

Floating Rate Common Securities

 

(liquidation amount $1,000 per Common Security)

 

Gramercy Capital Trust III, a statutory trust created under the laws of the State of Delaware (the “Trust”), hereby certifies that GKK Capital LP, a Delaware limited partnership (the “Holder”) is the registered owner of 1,550 common securities of the Trust representing undivided common beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust and designated the Gramercy Capital Trust III Floating Rate Common Securities (liquidation amount $1,000 per Common Security) (the “Common Securities”). Except in accordance with Section 5.11 of the Trust Agreement (as defined below), the Common Securities are not transferable and, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any attempted transfer hereof other than in accordance therewith shall be void. The designations, rights, privileges, restrictions, preferences and other terms and provisions of the Common Securities are set forth in, and this certificate and the Common Securities represented hereby are issued and shall in all respects be subject to the terms and provisions of, the Amended and Restated Trust Agreement of the Trust, dated as of January 27, 2006 as the same may be amended from time to time (the “Trust Agreement”), among GKK Capital LP, as Depositor, JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as Property Trustee, Chase Bank USA, National Association, as Delaware Trustee, the Administrative Trustees named therein and the Holders, from time to time, of Trust Securities. The Trust will furnish a copy of the Trust Agreement to the Holder without charge upon written request to the Trust at its principal place of business or registered office.

 

Upon receipt of this certificate, the Holder is bound by the Trust Agreement and is entitled to the benefits thereunder.

 

B-1



 

This Common Securities Certificate shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware.

 

Terms used but not defined herein have the meanings set forth in the Trust Agreement.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, one of the Administrative Trustees of the Trust has executed on behalf of the Trust this certificate this     day of                         , 200     .

 

 

GRAMERCY CAPITAL TRUST III

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

Name: Marc Holliday

 

 

 

 

 

Administrative Trustee

 

F-2



 

Exhibit C

 

[FORM OF PREFERRED SECURITIES CERTIFICATE]

 

“[IF THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY INSERT: THIS PREFERRED SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE TRUST AGREEMENT HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY (“DTC”) OR A NOMINEE OF DTC. THIS PREFERRED SECURITY IS EXCHANGEABLE FOR PREFERRED SECURITIES REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A PERSON OTHER THAN DTC OR ITS NOMINEE ONLY IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE TRUST AGREEMENT, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS PREFERRED SECURITY (OTHER THAN A TRANSFER OF THIS PREFERRED SECURITY AS A WHOLE BY DTC TO A NOMINEE OF DTC OR BY A NOMINEE OF DTC TO DTC OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF DTC) MAY BE REGISTERED EXCEPT IN LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES.

 

UNLESS THIS PREFERRED SECURITY IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC TO GRAMERCY CAPITAL TRUST III OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY PREFERRED SECURITY ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT HEREON IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.]

 

THE PREFERRED SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE WERE ORIGINALLY ISSUED IN A TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH REGISTRATION OR AN APPLICABLE EXEMPTION THEREFROM.  EACH PURCHASER OF ANY PREFERRED SECURITIES IS HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THE SELLER OF THE PREFERRED SECURITIES MAY BE RELYING ON THE EXEMPTION FROM THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 5 OF THE SECURITIES ACT PROVIDED BY RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT.

 

THE HOLDER OF THE PREFERRED SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE AGREES FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE TRUST AND THE DEPOSITOR THAT (A) SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES MAY BE OFFERED, RESOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED ONLY (I) TO THE TRUST OR (II) TO A PERSON WHOM THE SELLER REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A “QUALIFIED PURCHASER” (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 2(a)(51) OF THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940, AS AMENDED), AND (B) THE HOLDER WILL NOTIFY ANY PURCHASER OF ANY PREFERRED SECURITIES FROM IT OF THE RESALE RESTRICTIONS REFERRED TO IN (A) ABOVE.

 

C-1



 

THE PREFERRED SECURITIES WILL BE ISSUED AND MAY BE TRANSFERRED ONLY IN BLOCKS HAVING AN AGGREGATE LIQUIDATION AMOUNT OF NOT LESS THAN $100,000. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY ATTEMPTED TRANSFER OF PREFERRED SECURITIES, OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN, IN A BLOCK HAVING AN AGGREGATE LIQUIDATION AMOUNT OF LESS THAN $100,000 AND MULTIPLES OF $1,000 IN EXCESS THEREOF SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE VOID AND OF NO LEGAL EFFECT WHATSOEVER. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY SUCH PURPORTED TRANSFEREE SHALL BE DEEMED NOT TO BE THE HOLDER OF SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES FOR ANY PURPOSE, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE RECEIPT OF PRINCIPAL OF OR INTEREST ON SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES, OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN, AND SUCH PURPORTED TRANSFEREE SHALL BE DEEMED TO HAVE NO INTEREST WHATSOEVER IN SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES.

 

THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY, OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN,  BY ITS ACCEPTANCE HEREOF OR THEREOF ALSO AGREES, REPRESENTS AND WARRANTS THAT IT IS NOT AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN, INDIVIDUAL RETIREMENT ACCOUNT OR OTHER PLAN OR ARRANGEMENT SUBJECT TO TITLE I OF THE EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY ACT OF 1974, AS AMENDED (“ERISA”), OR SECTION 4975 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED (THE “CODE”) (EACH A “PLAN”), OR AN ENTITY WHOSE UNDERLYING ASSETS INCLUDE “PLAN ASSETS” BY REASON OF ANY PLAN’S INVESTMENT IN THE ENTITY, AND NO PERSON INVESTING “PLAN ASSETS” OF ANY PLAN MAY ACQUIRE OR HOLD THIS PREFERRED SECURITY OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN. ANY PURCHASER OR HOLDER OF THE PREFERRED SECURITIES OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN WILL BE DEEMED TO HAVE REPRESENTED BY ITS PURCHASE AND HOLDING THEREOF THAT IT IS NOT AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 3(3) OF ERISA, OR A PLAN TO WHICH SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE IS APPLICABLE, A TRUSTEE OR OTHER PERSON ACTING ON BEHALF OF AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN OR PLAN, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY USING THE ASSETS OF ANY EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN OR PLAN TO FINANCE SUCH PURCHASE.

 

F-2



 

Certificate Number

Aggregate Liquidation Amount

 

Preferred Securities

 

 

Certificate Evidencing Preferred Securities

 

of

 

GRAMERCY CAPITAL TRUST III

 

Floating Rate Preferred Securities
(liquidation amount $1,000 per Preferred Security)

 

Gramercy Capital Trust III, a statutory trust created under the laws of the State of Delaware (the “Trust”), hereby certifies that                     , a                   (the “Holder”) is the registered owner of [ ] Preferred Securities [if the Preferred Security is a Global Security, then insert – or such other number of Preferred Securities represented hereby as may be set forth in the records of the Securities Registrar hereinafter referred to in accordance with the Trust Agreement (as defined below)] of the Trust representing an undivided preferred beneficial interest in the assets of the Trust and designated the Gramercy Capital Trust III Floating Rate Preferred Securities, (liquidation amount $1,000 per Preferred Security) (the “Preferred Securities”). Subject to the terms of the Trust Agreement (as defined below), the Preferred Securities are transferable on the books and records of the Trust, in person or by a duly authorized attorney, upon surrender of this certificate duly endorsed and in proper form for transfer as provided in Section 5.7 of the Trust Agreement (as defined below). The designations, rights, privileges, restrictions, preferences and other terms and provisions of the Preferred Securities are set forth in, and this certificate and the Preferred Securities represented hereby are issued and shall in all respects be subject to the terms and provisions of, the Amended and Restated Trust Agreement of the Trust, dated as of January 27, 2006, as the same may be amended from time to time (the “Trust Agreement”), among GKK Capital LP, as Depositor, JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as Property Trustee, Chase Bank USA, National Association, as Delaware Trustee, the Administrative Trustees named therein and the Holders, from time to time, of Trust Securities.  The Trust will furnish a copy of the Trust Agreement to the Holder without charge upon written request to the Property Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office.

 

Upon receipt of this certificate, the Holder is bound by the Trust Agreement and is entitled to the benefits thereunder.

 

This Preferred Securities Certificate shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware.

 

C-3



 

All capitalized terms used but not defined in this Preferred Securities Certificate are used with the meanings specified in the Trust Agreement, including the Schedules and Exhibits thereto.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, one of the Administrative Trustees of the Trust has executed on behalf of the Trust this certificate this       day of                   , 2005.

 

 

GRAMERCY CAPITAL TRUST III

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

Administrative Trustee

 

This is one of the Preferred Securities referred to in the within-mentioned Trust Agreement.

 

Dated:

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

 

not in its individual capacity, but solely as Property

 

Trustee

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

Authorized signatory

 

F-4



 

[FORM OF REVERSE OF SECURITY]

 

The Trust promises to pay Distributions from January 27, 2006, or from the most recent Distribution Date to which Distributions have been paid or duly provided for, quarterly (subject to deferral as set forth herein) in arrears on January 30, April 30, July 30 and October 30 of each year, commencing on April 30, 2006, at a fixed rate equal to 7.65% per annum through the interest payment date in January 2016 and thereafter at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.70% per annum of the Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities represented by this Preferred Securities Certificate, together with any Additional Interest Amounts, in respect to such period.

 

Distributions on the Trust Securities shall be made by the Paying Agent from the Payment Account and shall be payable on each Distribution Date only to the extent that the Trust has funds then on hand and available in the Payment Account for the payment of such Distributions.

 

In the event (and to the extent) that the Depositor exercises its right under the Indenture to defer the payment of interest on the Notes, Distributions on the Preferred Securities shall be deferred.

 

Under the Indenture, so long as no Note Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and upon thirty (30) days’ prior written notice, the Depositor shall have the right, at any time and from time to time during the term of the Notes, to defer the payment of interest on the Notes for a period of up to four (4) consecutive quarterly interest payment periods (each such extended interest payment period, an “Extension Period”), during which Extension Period no interest shall be due and payable (except any Additional Tax Sums that may be due and payable).  No interest on the Notes shall be due and payable during an Extension Period, except at the end thereof.  If Distributions are deferred, the deferred Distributions shall be paid on the date that the related Extension Period terminates to Holders (as defined in the Trust Agreement) of the Trust Securities as they appear on the books and records of the Trust on the record date immediately preceding such termination date.

 

Distributions on the Securities must be paid on the dates payable (after giving effect to any Extension Period) to the extent that the Trust has funds available for the payment of such Distributions in the Payment Account of the Trust.  The Trust’s funds available for Distribution to the Holders of the Preferred Securities will be limited to payments received from the Depositor.

 

During any Event of Default or any such Extension Period, the Depositor shall not (i) declare or pay any dividends or distributions on, or redeem, purchase, acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of the Depositor’s limited partnership interests or (ii) make any payment of principal of or any interest or premium, if any, on or repay, repurchase or redeem any debt securities of the Depositor that rank pari passu in all respects with or junior in interest to the Notes (other than (a) repurchases, redemptions or other acquisitions of limited partnership interests of the Depositor in connection with (1) any employment contract, benefit plan or other similar arrangement with or for the benefit of any one or more employees, officers, directors or consultants, (2) a dividend reinvestment or limited partnership interests purchase

 

F-5



 

plan or (3) the issuance of limited partnership interests of the Depositor (or securities convertible into or exercisable for units of limited partnership interests) as consideration in an acquisition transaction entered into prior to the applicable Event of Default or Extension Period, (b) as a result of an exchange or conversion of any class or series of the Depositor’s limited partnership interests (or any capital stock or limited partnership interests of a Subsidiary (as defined in the Indenture) of the Depositor) for any class or series of the Depositor’s limited partnership interests or of any class or series of the Depositor’s indebtedness for any class or series of the Depositor’s limited partnership interests, (c) the purchase of fractional interests in shares of the Depositor’s limited partnership interests pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such limited partnership interests or the security being converted or exchanged, (d) any declaration of a dividend in connection with any Rights Plan (as defined in the Indenture), the issuance of rights, limited partnership interests or other property under any Rights Plan, or the redemption or repurchase of rights pursuant thereto or (e) any dividend in the form of limited partnership interests, warrants, options or other rights where the dividend limited partnership interests or the limited partnership interests issuable upon exercise of such warrants, options or other rights is the same stock as that on which the dividend is being paid or ranks pari passu with or junior to such limited partnership interests).

 

On each Note Redemption Date, on the stated maturity (or any date of principal repayment upon early maturity) of the Notes and on each other date on (or in respect of) which any principal on the Notes is repaid, the Trust will be required to redeem a Like Amount of Trust Securities at the Redemption Price.  Under the Indenture, the Notes may be redeemed by the Depositor on any Interest Payment Date, at the Depositor’s option, on or after January 30, 2011 in whole or in part from time to time at the Optional Note Redemption Price of the principal amount thereof or the redeemed portion thereof, as applicable, together, in the case of any such redemption, with accrued interest, including any Additional Interest, to but excluding the date fixed for redemption.  The Notes may also be redeemed by the Depositor, at its option, at any time, in whole but not in part, upon the occurrence of an Investment Company Event or a Tax Event at the Special Note Redemption Price; provided that such Investment Company Event or a Tax Event is continuing on the Redemption Date.

 

The Trust Securities redeemed on each Redemption Date shall be redeemed at the Redemption Price with the proceeds from the contemporaneous redemption or payment at maturity of Notes. Redemptions of the Trust Securities (or portion thereof) shall be made and the Redemption Price shall be payable on each Redemption Date only to the extent that the Trust has funds then on hand and available in the Payment Account for the payment of such Redemption Price.

 

Payments of Distributions (including any Additional Interest Amounts), the Redemption Price, Liquidation Amount or any other amounts in respect of the Preferred Securities shall be made by wire transfer at such place and to such account at a banking institution in the United States as may be designated in writing at least ten (10) Business Days prior to the date for payment by the Person entitled thereto unless proper written transfer instructions have not been received by the relevant record date, in which case such payments shall be made by check mailed to the address of such Person as such address shall appear in the Security Register.  If any Preferred Securities are held by a Depositary, such Distributions shall be made to the Depositary in immediately available funds.

 

F-6



 

The indebtedness evidenced by the Notes is, to the extent provided in the Indenture, subordinate and junior in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all Senior Debt (as defined in the Indenture), and this Security is issued subject to the provisions of the Indenture with respect thereto.

 

F-7



 

ASSIGNMENT

 

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned assigns and transfers this Preferred Securities Certificate to:

 

 

(Insert assignee’s social security or tax identification number)

 

 

(Insert address and zip code of                                                                                                  assignee) and irrevocably appoints agent to transfer this Preferred Securities Certificate on the books of the Trust. The agent may substitute another to act for him or her.

 

Date:

 

 

 

Signature:

 

 

 

(Sign exactly as your name appears on the other side of this Preferred Securities Certificate)

 

 

The signature(s) should be guaranteed by an eligible guarantor institution (banks, stockbrokers, savings and loan associations and credit unions with membership in an approved signature guarantee medallion program), pursuant to S.E.C. Rule 17Ad-15.

 

F-8



 

Exhibit D

 

Junior Subordinated Indenture

 

D-1



 

Exhibit E

 

Form of Transferee Certificate
to be Executed by Transferees

 

                         , [ ]

 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association
600 Travis, 50th Floor
Houston, Texas 77002
Attention:  Worldwide Securities Services

 

GKK Capital LP
Gramercy Capital Trust III
420 Lexington Avenue
New York, NY 10170

 

Re:                               Purchase of $                         stated liquidation amount of Floating Rate
Preferred Securities (the “Preferred Securities”) of Gramercy Capital Trust III

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

In connection with our purchase of the Preferred Securities we confirm that:

 

1              We understand that the Floating Rate Preferred Securities (the “Preferred Securities”) of Gramercy Capital Trust III (the “Trust”) of GKK Capital LP (the “Company”) executed in connection therewith) and the Floating Rate Junior Subordinated Notes due 2036 of the Company (the “Subordinated Notes”) (the entire amount of the Trust’s outstanding Preferred Securities and the Subordinated Notes together being referred to herein as the “Offered Securities”), have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and may not be offered or sold except as permitted in the following sentence. We agree on our own behalf and on behalf of any investor account for which we are purchasing the Offered Securities that, if we decide to offer, sell or otherwise transfer any such Offered Securities, (i) such offer, sale or transfer will be made only (a) to the Trust, (b) to a person we reasonably believe is a “qualified purchaser” (a “QP”) (as defined in Section 2(a)(51) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended). We understand that the certificates for any Offered Security that we receive will bear a legend substantially to the effect of the foregoing.

 

2              We are a “qualified purchaser” within the meaning of section 2(a)(51) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and are purchasing for our own account or for the account of such a “qualified purchaser,” and we have such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of our investment in the Offered Securities, and we and any account for which we are acting are each able to bear the economic risks of our or its investment.

 

E-1



 

3              We are acquiring the Offered Securities purchased by us for our own account (or for one or more accounts as to each of which we exercise sole investment discretion and have authority to make, and do make, the statements contained in this letter) and not with a view to any distribution of the Offered Securities, subject, nevertheless, to the understanding that the disposition of our property will at all times be and remain within our control.

 

4              In the event that we purchase any Preferred Securities or any Subordinated Notes, we will acquire such Preferred Securities having an aggregate stated liquidation amount of not less than $100,000 or such Subordinated Notes having an aggregate principal amount not less than $100,000, for our own account and for each separate account for which we are acting.

 

5              We acknowledge that we are not a fiduciary of (i) an employee benefit, individual retirement account or other plan or arrangement subject to Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), or section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) (each a “Plan”); or (ii) an entity whose underlying assets include “plan assets” by reason of any Plan’s investment in the entity, and are not purchasing any of the Offered Securities on behalf of or with “plan assets” by reason of any Plan’s investment in the entity.

 

6              We acknowledge that the Trust and the Company and others will rely upon the truth and accuracy of the foregoing acknowledgments, representations, warranties and agreements and agree that if any of the acknowledgments, representations, warranties and agreements deemed to have been made by our purchase of any of the Offered Securities are no longer accurate, we shall promptly notify the Company.  If we are acquiring any Offered Securities as a fiduciary or agent for one or more investor accounts, we represent that we have sole discretion with respect to each such investor account and that we have full power to make the foregoing acknowledgments, representations and agreement on behalf of each such investor account.

 

 

(Name of Purchaser)

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

Date:

 

 

 

Upon transfer, the Preferred Securities (having a stated liquidation amount of $                        ) would be registered in the name of the new beneficial owner as follows.

 

Name:

 

Address:

 

 

 

Taxpayer ID Number:

 

 

 

F-2



 

Exhibit F

 

Officer’s Financial Certificate

 

The undersigned, the [Chairman/Vice Chairman/Chief Executive Officer/President/Vice President/Chief Financial Officer/Treasurer/Assistant Treasurer], hereby certifies pursuant to Section 8.16(b) of the Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of January 27, 2006 (the “Trust Agreement”), among GKK Capital LP (the “Company”), JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as property trustee, Chase Bank USA, National Association, as Delaware trustee, and the administrative trustees named therein, that, as of [date], [20   ], the Company had the following ratios and balances:

 

As of [Quarterly/Annual Financial Date], 20   

 

Senior secured indebtedness for borrowed money (“Debt”)

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

Senior unsecured Debt

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

Subordinated Debt

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Debt

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ratio of (x) senior secured and unsecured Debt to (y) total Debt

 

 

%

 

 

[FOR FISCAL YEAR END: Attached hereto are the audited consolidated financial statements (including the balance sheet, income statement and statement of cash flows, and notes thereto, together with the report of the independent accountants thereon) of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries for the three years ended                , 20     ].]

 

[FOR FISCAL QUARTER END: Attached hereto are the unaudited consolidated and consolidating financial statements (including the balance sheet and income statement) of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries for the fiscal quarter ended [date], 20   .]

 

The financial statements fairly present in all material respects, in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), the financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, and the results of operations and changes in financial condition as of the date, and for the [quarter] [annual] period ended [date], 20   , and such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP consistently applied throughout the period involved (expect as otherwise noted therein).

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this Officer’s Financial Certificate as of this         day of                               , 20   .

 

F-1



 

 

GKK CAPITAL LP

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

GKK Capital LP

 

420 Lexington Avenue New York, NY 10170

 

(212) 297-1000

 

F-2



 

DETERMINATION OF LIBOR

 

With respect to the Trust Securities, the London interbank offered rate (“LIBOR”) shall be determined by the Calculation Agent in accordance with the following provisions (in each case rounded to the nearest .000001%):

 

(1)           On the second LIBOR Business Day (as defined below) prior to a Distribution Date after the expiration of the Fixed Rate Period (each such day, a “LIBOR Determination Date”), LIBOR for any given security shall for the following interest payment period equal the rate, as obtained by the Calculation Agent from Bloomberg Financial Markets Commodities News, for three-month Eurodollar deposits that appears on Dow Jones Telerate Page 3750 (as defined in the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. 2000 Interest Rate and Currency Exchange Definitions), or such other page as may replace such Page 3750, as of 11:00 a.m. (London time) on such LIBOR Determination Date.

 

(2)           If, on any LIBOR Determination Date, such rate does not appear on Dow Jones Telerate Page 3750 or such other page as may replace such Page 3750, the Calculation Agent shall determine the arithmetic mean of the offered quotations of the Reference Banks (as defined below) to leading banks in the London interbank market for three-month Eurodollar deposits in an amount determined by the Calculation Agent by reference to requests for quotations as of approximately 11:00 a.m. (London time) on the LIBOR Determination Date made by the Calculation Agent to the Reference Banks.  If, on any LIBOR Determination Date, at least two of the Reference Banks provide such quotations, LIBOR shall equal such arithmetic mean of such quotations.  If, on any LIBOR Determination Date, only one or none of the Reference Banks provide such quotations, LIBOR shall be deemed to be the arithmetic mean of the offered quotations that leading banks in the City of New York selected by the Calculation Agent are quoting on the relevant LIBOR Determination Date for three-month Eurodollar deposits in an amount determined by the Calculation Agent by reference to the principal London offices of leading banks in the London interbank market; provided that if the Calculation Agent is required but is unable to determine a rate in accordance with at least one of the procedures provided above, LIBOR shall be LIBOR as determined on the previous LIBOR Determination Date.

 

(3)           As used herein: “Reference Banks” means four major banks in the London interbank market selected by the Calculation Agent; and “LIBOR Business Day” means a day on which commercial banks are open for business (including dealings in foreign exchange and foreign currency deposits) in London.

 


EX-10.25 4 a06-1973_1ex10d25.htm MATERIAL CONTRACTS

Exhibit 10.25

 

JUNIOR SUBORDINATED INDENTURE

 

between

 

 

GKK CAPITAL LP

 

 

and

 

 

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as Trustee

 

 

Dated as of January 27, 2006

 



 

JUNIOR SUBORDINATED INDENTURE, dated as of January 27, 2006, between GKK Capital LP, a Delaware limited partnership (the “Company”), and JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association, as Trustee (in such capacity, the “Trustee”).

 

RECITALS OF THE COMPANY

 

WHEREAS, the Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance of its unsecured junior subordinated deferrable interest notes (the “Securities”) issued to evidence loans made to the Company of the proceeds from the issuance by Gramercy Capital Trust III, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust”), of undivided preferred beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust (the “Preferred Securities”) and undivided common beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust (the “Common Securities” and, collectively with the Preferred Securities, the “Trust Securities”), and to provide the terms and conditions upon which the Securities are to be authenticated, issued and delivered; and

 

WHEREAS, all things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, this Indenture Witnesseth:

 

For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed, for the equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities, as follows:

 

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION

 

SECTION 1.1         Definitions.

 

For all purposes of this Indenture, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires:

 

(a)           the terms defined in this Article I have the meanings assigned to them in this Article I;

 

(b)           the words “include”, “includes” and “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation”;

 

(c)           all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with GAAP;

 

(d)           unless the context otherwise requires, any reference to an “Article” or a “Section” refers to an Article or a Section, as the case may be, of this Indenture;

 

(e)           the words “hereby,” “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision;

 

2



 

(f)            a reference to the singular includes the plural and vice versa; and

 

(g)           the masculine, feminine or neuter genders used herein shall include the masculine, feminine and neuter genders.

 

Act” when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning specified in Section 1.4.

 

“Administrative Trustee” means, with respect to the Trust, each Person identified as an “Administrative Trustee” in the Trust Agreement, solely in its capacity as Administrative Trustee of the Trust under the Trust Agreement and not in its individual capacity, or its successor in interest in such capacity, or any successor Administrative Trustee appointed as therein provided.

 

Additional Interest” means the interest, if any, that shall accrue on any amounts payable  on the Securities, the payment of which has not been made on the applicable Interest Payment Date and which shall accrue at the rate per annum specified or determined as specified in such Security, in each case to the extent legally enforceable.

 

Additional Tax Sums” has the meaning specified in Section 10.5.

 

Additional Taxes” means taxes, duties or other governmental charges imposed on the Trust as a result of a Tax Event (which, for the sake of clarity, does not include amounts required to be deducted or withheld by the Trust from payments made by the Trust to or for the benefit of the Holder of, or any Person that acquires a beneficial interest in, the Securities).

 

Affiliate” of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition, “control,” when used with respect to any specified Person, means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the foregoing.

 

Applicable Depositary Procedures” means, with respect to any transfer or transaction involving a Global Security or beneficial interest therein, the rules and procedures of the Depositary for such Security, in each case to the extent applicable to such transaction and as in effect from time to time.

 

Authenticating Agent” means any Person authorized by the Trustee pursuant to Section 6.11 to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate the Securities.

 

Bankruptcy Code” means Title 11 of the United States Code or any successor statute(s) thereto, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors, in each case as amended from time to time.

 

Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company or any duly authorized committee of that board.

 

Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of

 



 

Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification.

 

Business Day” means any day other than (i) a Saturday or Sunday, (ii) a day on which banking institutions in the City of New York are authorized or required by law or executive order to remain closed or (iii) a day on which the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee is closed for business.

 

Calculation Agent” has the meaning specified in Section 10.4.

 

Commission” has the meaning specified in Section 7.3(c).

 

Common Securities” has the meaning specified in the first recital of this Indenture.

 

 “Company” means the Person named as the “Company” in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor corporation shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Company” shall mean such successor corporation.

 

Company Request” and “Company Order” mean, respectively, the written request or order signed in the name of the Company by its Chairman of the Board of Directors, its Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors, its Chief Executive Officer, President or a Vice President, and by its Chief Financial Officer, its Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, its Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, and delivered to the Trustee.

 

Corporate Trust Office” means the principal office of the Trustee at which at any particular time its corporate trust business shall be administered, which office at the date of this Indenture is located at 600 Travis, 50th Floor, Houston, Texas 77019, Attn: Worldwide Securities Services—Gramercy Capital Trust III. Initially, all notices and correspondence shall be addressed to Mudassir Mohamed, telephone (713) 216-2826.

 

Debt” means, with respect to any Person, whether recourse is to all or a portion of the assets of such Person, whether currently existing or hereafter incurred and whether or not contingent and without duplication, (i) every obligation of such Person for money borrowed; (ii) every obligation of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or other similar instruments, including obligations incurred in connection with the acquisition of property, assets or businesses; (iii) every reimbursement obligation of such Person with respect to letters of credit, bankers’ acceptances or similar facilities issued for the account of such Person; (iv) every obligation of such Person issued or assumed as the deferred purchase price of property or services (but excluding trade accounts payable or other accrued liabilities arising in the ordinary course of business); (v) every capital lease obligation of such Person; (vi) all indebtedness of such Person, whether incurred on or prior to the date of this Indenture or thereafter incurred, for claims in respect of derivative products, including interest rate, foreign exchange rate and commodity forward contracts, options and swaps and similar arrangements; (vii) every obligation of the type referred to in clauses (i) through (vi) of another Person and all dividends of another Person the payment of which, in either case, such Person has guaranteed or is responsible or liable for, directly or indirectly, as obligor or otherwise; and (viii) any renewals, extensions, refundings, amendments or modifications of any obligation of the type referred to in clauses (i) through (vii).

 



 

Defaulted Interest” has the meaning specified in Section 3.1.

 

Delaware Trustee” means, with respect to the Trust, the Person identified as the “Delaware Trustee” in the Trust Agreement, solely in its capacity as Delaware Trustee of the Trust under the Trust Agreement and not in its individual capacity, or its successor in interest in such capacity, or any successor Delaware Trustee appointed as therein provided.

 

Depositary” means an organization registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act that is designated as Depositary by the Company or any successor thereto. DTC will be the initial Depositary.

 

Depositary Participant” means a broker, dealer, bank, other financial institution or other Person for whom from time to time a Depositary effects book-entry transfers and pledges of securities deposited with the Depositary.

 

Distributions” means amounts payable in respect of the Trust Securities as provided in the Trust Agreement and referred to therein as “Distributions.”

 

Dollar” or “$” means the currency of the United States of America that, as at the time of payment, is legal tender for the payment of public and private debts.

 

DTC” means The Depository Trust Company, a New York corporation, or any successor thereto.

 

EDGAR” has the meaning specified in Section 7.3(c).

 

Event of Default” has the meaning specified in Section 5.1.

 

Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or any statute successor thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.

 

Expiration Date” has the meaning specified in Section 1.4.

 

Extension Period” has the meaning specified in Section 3.9.

 

Fixed Rate Period” shall have the meaning in the form of Security set forth in Section 2.1.

 

GAAP” means United States generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied, from time to time in effect.

 

Global Security” means a Security that evidences all or part of the Securities, the ownership and transfers of which shall be made through book entries by a Depositary.

 

Government Obligation” means (a) any security that is (i) a direct obligation of the United States of America of which the full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged or (ii) an obligation of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America or the payment of which is unconditionally

 



 

guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the United States of America, which, in either case (i) or (ii), is not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof, and (b) any depositary receipt issued by a bank (as defined in Section 3(a)(2) of the Securities Act) as custodian with respect to any Government Obligation that is specified in clause (a) above and held by such bank for the account of the holder of such depositary receipt, or with respect to any specific payment of principal of or interest on any Government Obligation that is so specified and held, provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Government Obligation or the specific payment of principal or interest evidenced by such depositary receipt.

 

Holder” means a Person in whose name a Security is registered in the Securities Register.

 

Indenture” means this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to time be amended or supplemented by one or more amendments or indentures supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof.

 

Interest Payment Date” means January 30, April 30, July 30 and October 30 of each year, commencing on April 30, 2006, during the term of this Indenture.

 

Investment Company Act” means the Investment Company Act of 1940 or any successor statute thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.

 

Investment Company Event” means the receipt by the Company of an Opinion of Counsel experienced in such matters to the effect that, as a result of the occurrence of a change in law or regulation (including any announced prospective change) or a written change in interpretation or application of law or regulation by any legislative body, court, governmental agency or regulatory authority, there is more than an insubstantial risk that the Trust is or, within ninety (90) days of the date of such opinion will be, considered an “investment company” that is required to be registered under the Investment Company Act, which change or prospective change becomes effective or would become effective, as the case may be, on or after the date of the issuance of the Securities.

 

LIBOR” has the meaning specified in Schedule A.

 

LIBOR Business Day” has the meaning specified in Schedule A.

 

LIBOR Determination Date” has the meaning specified in Schedule A.

 

Liquidation Amount” has the meaning specified in the Trust Agreement.

 

Maturity,” when used with respect to any Security, means the date on which the principal of such Security or any installment of principal becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise.

 

Notice of Default” means a written notice of the kind specified in Section 5.1(c).

 



 

Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate signed by the Chairman of the Board, a Vice Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or a Vice President, and by the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, of the Company and delivered to the Trustee.

 

Operative Documents” means the Trust Agreement, the Indenture, the Purchase Agreements and the Securities.

 

Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion of counsel, who may be counsel for or an employee of the Company or any Affiliate of the Company.

 

Optional Redemption Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 11.1.

 

Original Issue Date” means the date of original issuance of each Security.

 

Outstanding” means, when used in reference to any Securities, as of the date of determination, all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered under this Indenture, except:

 

(i)            Securities theretofore canceled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation;

 

(ii)           Securities for whose payment or redemption money in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent (other than the Company) in trust or set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company and/or its Affiliates shall act as its own Paying Agent) for the Holders of such Securities; provided that, if such Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or provision therefor satisfactory to the Trustee has been made; and

 

(iii)          Securities that have been paid or in substitution for or in lieu of which other Securities have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture, unless proof satisfactory to the Trustee is presented that any such Securities are held by Holders in whose hands such Securities are valid, binding and legal obligations of the Company;

 

provided that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, Securities owned by the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or such other obligor shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, unless the Company shall hold all Outstanding Securities, except that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Securities that a Responsible Officer of the Trustee actually knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Securities so owned that have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or such other obligor. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, Securities initially issued to the Trust that are owned by the Trust shall be deemed to be Outstanding

 



 

notwithstanding the ownership by the Company or an Affiliate of any beneficial interest in the Trust.

 

Paying Agent” means the Trustee or any Person authorized by the Company to pay the principal of or any premium or interest on, or other amounts in respect of, any Securities on behalf of the Company.

 

Person” means a legal person, including any individual, corporation, estate, partnership, joint venture, association, joint stock company, company, limited liability company, trust, unincorporated association or government, or any agency or political subdivision thereof, or any other entity of whatever nature.

 

Place of Payment” means, with respect to the Securities, the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.

 

Preferred Securities” has the meaning specified in the first recital of this Indenture.

 

Predecessor Security” of any particular Security means every previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such particular Security. For the purposes of this definition, any security authenticated and delivered under Section 3.6 in lieu of a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security.

 

Proceeding” has the meaning specified in Section 12.2.

 

Property Trustee” means the Person identified as the “Property Trustee” in the Trust Agreement, solely in its capacity as Property Trustee of the Trust under the Trust Agreement and not in its individual capacity, or its successor in interest in such capacity, or any successor Property Trustee appointed as therein provided.

 

Purchase Agreements” means the two agreements, each dated as of the date hereof, between the Company and the Trust and the Purchaser(s) named therein.

 

Redemption Date” means, when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this Indenture.

 

Redemption Price” means, when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, in whole or in part, the Special Redemption Price or the Optional Redemption Price, as applicable, at which such Security or portion thereof is to be redeemed as fixed by or pursuant to this Indenture.

 

Reference Banks” has the meaning specified in Schedule A.

 

Regular Record Date” for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date with respect to the Securities means the date that is fifteen (15) days preceding such Interest Payment Date (whether or not a Business Day).

 

Responsible Officer” means, when used with respect to the Trustee, the officer in the Worldwide Securities Services department of the Trustee having direct responsibility for the

 



 

administration of this Indenture.

 

Rights Plan” means a plan of the Company providing for the issuance by the Company to all holders of its limited partnership interests of rights entitling the holders thereof to subscribe for or purchase shares of any class or series of limited partnership interests of the Company which rights (i) are deemed to be transferred with such shares of such limited partnership interests and (ii) are also issued in respect of future issuances of such limited partnership interests, in each case until the occurrence of a specified event or events.

 

Securities” or “Security” means any debt securities or debt security, as the case may be, authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.

 

Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933 or any successor statute thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.

 

Securities Register” and “Securities Registrar” have the respective meanings specified in Section 3.5.

 

Senior Debt” means the principal of and any premium and interest on (including interest accruing on or after the filing of any petition in bankruptcy or for reorganization relating to the Company, whether or not such claim for post-petition interest is allowed in such proceeding) all Debt of the Company, whether incurred on or prior to the date of this Indenture or thereafter incurred, unless it is provided in the instrument creating or evidencing the same or pursuant to which the same is outstanding, that such obligations are not superior in right of payment to the Securities issued under this Indenture; provided that Senior Debt shall not be deemed to include any other debt securities (and guarantees, if any, in respect of such debt securities) issued to any trust other than the Trust (or a trustee of any such trust), partnership or other entity affiliated with the Company that is a financing vehicle of the Company (a “financing entity”) in connection with the issuance by such financing entity of equity securities or other securities pursuant to an instrument that ranks pari passu with or junior in right of payment to this Indenture.

 

Special Event” means the occurrence of an Investment Company Event or a Tax Event.

 

Special Record Date” for the payment of any Defaulted Interest means a date fixed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 3.1.

 

Special Redemption Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 11.2.

 

Stated Maturity” means January 30, 2036.

 

Subsidiary” means a Person more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding voting stock or other voting interests of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company or by one or more other Subsidiaries, or by the Company and one or more other Subsidiaries. For purposes of this definition, “voting stock” means stock that ordinarily has voting power for the election of directors, whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock has such voting power by reason of any contingency.

 

Tax Event” means the receipt by the Company of an Opinion of Counsel experienced in

 



 

such matters to the effect that, as a result of (a) any amendment to or change (including any announced prospective change) in the laws or any regulations thereunder of the United States or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein or (b) any judicial decision or any official administrative pronouncement (including any private letter ruling, technical advice memorandum or field service advice) or regulatory procedure, including any notice or announcement of intent to adopt any such pronouncement or procedure (an “Administrative Action”), regardless of whether such judicial decision or Administrative Action is issued to or in connection with a proceeding involving the Company or the Trust and whether or not subject to review or appeal, which amendment, change, judicial decision or Administrative Action is enacted, promulgated or announced, in each case, on or after the date of issuance of the Securities, there is more than an insubstantial risk that (i) the Trust is, or will be within ninety (90) days of the date of such opinion, subject to United States federal income tax with respect to income received or accrued on the Securities, (ii) interest payable by the Company on the Securities is not, or within ninety (90) days of the date of such opinion, will not be, deductible by the Company, in whole or in part, for United States federal income tax purposes, or (iii) the Trust is, or will be within ninety (90) days of the date of such opinion, subject to more than a de minimis amount of other taxes, duties or other governmental charges.

 

Trust” has the meaning specified in the first recital of this Indenture.

 

Trust Agreement” means the Amended and Restated Trust Agreement executed and delivered by the Company, the Property Trustee, Chase Bank USA, National Association, as Delaware Trustee and the Administrative Trustees named therein, contemporaneously with the execution and delivery of this Indenture, for the benefit of the holders of the Trust Securities, as amended or supplemented from time to time.

 

Trustee” means the Person named as the “Trustee” in the first paragraph of this instrument, solely in its capacity as such and not in its individual capacity, until a successor Trustee shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and, thereafter, “Trustee” shall mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder.

 

Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended and as in effect on the date as of this Indenture.

 

Trust Securities” has the meaning specified in the first recital of this Indenture.

 

SECTION 1.2         Compliance Certificate and Opinions.

 

(a)           Upon any application or request by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any provision of this Indenture, the Company shall, if requested by the Trustee, furnish to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that all conditions precedent (including covenants compliance with which constitutes a condition precedent), if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions precedent (including covenants compliance with which constitutes a condition precedent), if any, have been complied with.

 



 

(b)           Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than the certificate provided pursuant to Section 10.3) shall include:

 

(i)            a statement by each individual signing such certificate or opinion that such individual has read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein relating thereto;

 

(ii)           a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions of such individual contained in such certificate or opinion are based;

 

(iii)          a statement that, in the opinion of such individual, he or she has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him or her to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and

 

(iv)          a statement as to whether, in the opinion of such individual, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

 

SECTION 1.3         Forms of Documents Delivered to Trustee.

 

(a)           In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.

 

(b)           Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or after reasonable inquiry should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to matters upon which his or her certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such certificate or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an officer or officers of the Company stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Company, unless such counsel knows, or after reasonable inquiry should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such matters are erroneous.

 

(c)           Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument.

 

(d)           Whenever, subsequent to the receipt by the Trustee of any Board Resolution, Officers’ Certificate, Opinion of Counsel or other document or instrument, a clerical, typographical or other inadvertent or unintentional error or omission shall be discovered therein, a new document or instrument may be substituted therefor in corrected form with the same force and effect as if originally received in the corrected form and, irrespective of the date or dates of the actual execution and/or delivery thereof, such substitute document or instrument shall be deemed to have been executed and/or delivered as of the date or dates required with respect to

 



 

the document or instrument for which it is substituted. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, any Securities issued under the authority of such defective document or instrument shall nevertheless be the valid obligations of the Company entitled to the benefits of this Indenture equally and ratably with all other Outstanding Securities.

 

SECTION 1.4         Acts of Holders.

 

(a)           Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given to or taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by an agent thereof duly appointed in writing; and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments (including any appointment of an agent) is or are delivered to the Trustee, and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Company. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the “Act” of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Company, if made in the manner provided in this Section 1.4.

 

(b)           The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such execution or by the certificate of any notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to him or her the execution thereof. Where such execution is by a Person acting in other than his or her individual capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of his or her authority. The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved in any other manner that the Trustee or the Company, as the case may be, deems sufficient and in accordance with such reasonable rules as the Trustee may determine.

 

(c)           The ownership of Securities shall be proved by the Securities Register.

 

(d)           Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action by the Holder of any Security shall bind every future Holder of the same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of anything done or suffered to be done by the Trustee or the Company in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Security.

 

(e)           Without limiting the foregoing, a Holder entitled to take any action hereunder with regard to any particular Security may do so with regard to all or any part of the principal amount of such Security or by one or more duly appointed agents each of which may do so pursuant to such appointment with regard to all or any part of such principal amount.

 

(f)            Except as set forth in paragraph (g) of this Section 1.4, the Company may set any day as a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders of Outstanding Securities entitled to give, make or take any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided or permitted by this Indenture to be given, made or taken by Holders of

 



 

Securities. If any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Holders of Outstanding Securities on such record date, and no other Holders, shall be entitled to take the relevant action, whether or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date; provided that no such action shall be effective hereunder unless taken on or prior to the applicable Expiration Date (as defined in Section 1.4(h)) by Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities on such record date. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to prevent the Company from setting a new record date for any action for which a record date has previously been set pursuant to this paragraph (whereupon the record date previously set shall automatically and with no action by any Person be canceled and of no effect). Promptly after any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Company, at its own expense, shall cause notice of such record date, the proposed action by Holders and the applicable Expiration Date to be given to the Trustee in writing and to each Holder of Securities in the manner set forth in Section 1.6.

 

(g)           The Trustee may set any day as a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders of Outstanding Securities entitled to join in the giving or making of (i) any Notice of Default, (ii) any declaration of acceleration or rescission or annulment thereof referred to in Section 5.2, (iii) any request to institute proceedings referred to in Section 5.7(b) or (iv) any direction referred to in Section 5.12. If any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Holders of Outstanding Securities on such record date, and no other Holders, shall be entitled to join in such notice, declaration, request or direction, whether or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date; provided that no such action shall be effective hereunder unless taken on or prior to the applicable Expiration Date by Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities on such record date. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to prevent the Trustee from setting a new record date for any action for which a record date has previously been set pursuant to this paragraph (whereupon the record date previously set shall automatically and with no action by any Person be canceled and of no effect). Promptly after any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Trustee, at the Company’s expense, shall cause notice of such record date, the proposed action by Holders and the applicable Expiration Date to be given to the Company in writing and to each Holder of Securities in the manner set forth in Section 1.6.

 

(h)           With respect to any record date set pursuant to paragraph (f) or (g) of this Section 1.4, the party hereto that sets such record date may designate any day as the “Expiration Date” and from time to time may change the Expiration Date to any earlier or later day; provided that no such change shall be effective unless notice of the proposed new Expiration Date is given to the other party hereto in writing, and to each Holder of Securities in the manner set forth in Section 1.6, on or prior to the existing Expiration Date. If an Expiration Date is not designated with respect to any record date set pursuant to this Section 1.4, the party hereto that set such record date shall be deemed to have initially designated the ninetieth (90th) day after such record date as the Expiration Date with respect thereto, subject to its right to change the Expiration Date as provided in this paragraph. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Expiration Date shall be later than the one hundred eightieth (180th) day after the applicable record date.

 

SECTION 1.5         Notices, Etc. to Trustee and Company.

 

Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver, Act of Holders, or other document provided or permitted by this Indenture to be made upon, given or furnished to,

 



 

or filed with:

 

(a)           the Trustee by any Holder, any holder of Preferred Securities or the Company shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or filed in writing to or with and received by the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office, or

 

(b)           the Company by the Trustee, any Holder or any holder of Preferred Securities shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if in writing and mailed, first class, postage prepaid, to the Company addressed to it at 420 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10170, Attention:  Gregory F. Hughes, with a copy to Clifford Chance US LLP, 31 West 52nd Street, New York, NY 10019, Attention:  Larry P. Medvinsky, or at any other address previously furnished in writing to the Trustee by the Company.

 

SECTION 1.6         Notice to Holders; Waiver.

 

Where this Indenture provides for notice to Holders of any event, such notice shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first class, postage prepaid, to each Holder affected by such event to the address of such Holder as it appears in the Securities Register, not later than the latest date, if any, and not earlier than the earliest date, if any, prescribed for the giving of such notice. If, by reason of the suspension of or irregularities in regular mail service or for any other reason, it shall be impossible or impracticable to mail notice of any event to Holders when said notice is required to be given pursuant to any provision of this Indenture, then any manner of giving such notice as shall be satisfactory to the Trustee shall be deemed to be a sufficient giving of such notice. In any case where notice to Holders is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders. Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver.

 

SECTION 1.7         Effect of Headings and Table of Contents.

 

The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction of this Indenture.

 

SECTION 1.8         Successors and Assigns.

 

This Indenture shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of any successor to the Company and the Trustee, including any successor by operation of law. Except in connection with a transaction involving the Company that is permitted under Article VIII and pursuant to which the assignee agrees in writing to perform the Company’s obligations hereunder, the Company shall not assign its obligations hereunder.

 

SECTION 1.9         Separability Clause.

 

If any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or

 



 

unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and there shall be deemed substituted for the provision at issue a valid, legal and enforceable provision as similar as possible to the provision at issue.

 

SECTION 1.10       Benefits of Indenture.

 

Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors and assigns, the holders of Senior Debt, the Holders of the Securities and, to the extent expressly provided in Section 5.2, Section 5.8, Section 5.9, Section 5.11, Section 5.13, Section 9.2 and Section 10.7, the holders of Preferred Securities, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture.

 

SECTION 1.11       Governing Law.

 

This Indenture and the rights and obligations of each of the Holders, the Company and the Trustee shall be construed and enforced in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York without reference to its conflict of laws provisions (other than Section 5-1401 of the General Obligations Law).

 

SECTION 1.12       Submission to Jurisdiction.

 

ANY LEGAL ACTION OR PROCEEDING BY OR AGAINST ANY PARTY HERETO OR WITH RESPECT TO OR ARISING OUT OF THIS INDENTURE MAY BE BROUGHT IN OR REMOVED TO THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, IN AND FOR THE COUNTY OF NEW YORK, OR OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK (IN EACH CASE SITTING IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN). BY EXECUTION AND DELIVERY OF THIS INDENTURE, EACH PARTY ACCEPTS, FOR ITSELF AND IN RESPECT OF ITS PROPERTY, GENERALLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY, THE JURISDICTION OF THE AFORESAID COURTS (AND COURTS OF APPEALS THEREFROM) FOR LEGAL PROCEEDINGS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS INDENTURE.

 

SECTION 1.13       Non-Business Days.

 

If any Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated Maturity of any Security shall not be a Business Day, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or the Securities) payment of interest, premium, if any, or principal or other amounts in respect of such Security shall not be made on such date, but shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day (and no interest shall accrue in respect of the amounts whose payment is so delayed for the period from and after such Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated Maturity, as the case may be, until such next succeeding Business Day) except that, if such Business Day falls in the next succeeding calendar year, such payment shall be made on the immediately preceding Business Day, in each case with the same force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date or Redemption Date or at the Stated Maturity.

 



 

ARTICLE II

SECURITY FORMS

 

SECTION 2.1         Form of Security.

 

Any Security issued hereunder shall be in substantially the following form:

 

GKK CAPITAL LP

 

Floating Rate Junior Subordinated Note due 2036

 

No.

 

$51,550,000

 

GKK Capital LP, a limited partnership organized and existing under the laws of Delaware (hereinafter called the “Company,” which term includes any successor Person under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value received, hereby promises to pay to JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, not in its individual capacity, but solely as Property Trustee for Gramercy Capital Trust III, or registered assigns, the principal sum of Fifty One Million Five Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($51,550,000) [if the Security is a Global Security, then insert — or such other principal amount represented hereby as may be set forth in the records of the Securities Registrar hereinafter referred to in accordance with the Indenture] on January 30, 2036. The Company further promises to pay interest on said principal sum from January 27, 2006 or from the most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, quarterly (subject to deferral as set forth herein) in arrears on January 30, April 30, July 30 and October 30 of each year, commencing April 30, 2006, or if any such day is not a Business Day, on the next succeeding Business Day (and no interest shall accrue in respect of the amounts whose payment is so delayed for the period from and after such Interest Payment Date until such next succeeding Business Day), except that, if such Business Day falls in the next succeeding calendar year, such payment shall be made on the immediately preceding Business Day, in each case, with the same force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date, at a fixed rate equal to 7.65% per annum through the interest payment date in January 2016 (“Fixed Rate Period”) and thereafter at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.70% per annum, together with Additional Tax Sums, if any, as provided in Section 10.5 of the Indenture, until the principal hereof is paid or duly provided for or made available for payment; provided, further, that any overdue principal, premium, if any, or Additional Tax Sums and any overdue installment of interest shall bear Additional Interest at a fixed rate equal to 7.65% through the interest payment date in January 2016 and thereafter at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.70% per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), compounded quarterly, from the dates such amounts are due until they are paid or made available for payment, and such interest shall be payable on demand.

 

During the Fixed Rate Period, the amount of interest payable shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months and the amount payable for any partial period shall be computed on the basis of the number of days elapsed in a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months. Upon expiration of the Fixed Rate Period, the amount of interest payable for any Interest Payment Period will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year and the actual number

 



 

of days elapsed in the relevant interest period. The interest so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date shall, as provided in the Indenture, be paid to the Person in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest installment. Any such interest not so punctually paid or duly provided for shall forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on such Regular Record Date and may either be paid to the Person in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice whereof shall be given to Holders of Securities not less than ten (10) days prior to such Special Record Date, or be paid at any time in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which the Securities may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, all as more fully provided in the Indenture.

 

So long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Company shall have the right, at any time and from time to time during the term of this Security, to defer the payment of interest on this Security for a period of up to four (4) consecutive quarterly interest payment periods (each such period, an “Extension Period”), during which Extension Period(s), no interest shall be due and payable (except any Additional Tax Sums that may be due and payable). No Extension Period shall end on a date other than an Interest Payment Date, and no Extension Period shall extend beyond the Stated Maturity of the principal of this Security. No interest shall be due and payable during an Extension Period (except any Additional Tax Sums that may be due and payable), except at the end thereof. At the end of any such Extension Period, the Company shall pay all interest then accrued and unpaid on this Security. Prior to the termination of any such Extension Period, the Company may further defer the payment of interest; provided that (i) all such previous and further extensions comprising such Extension Period do not exceed four (4) quarterly interest payment periods, (ii) no Extension Period shall end on a date other than an Interest Payment Date and (iii) no Extension Period shall extend beyond the Stated Maturity of the principal of this Security. Upon the termination of any such Extension Period and upon the payment of all accrued and unpaid interest then due on any Interest Payment Date, the Company may elect to begin a new Extension Period; provided that (i) such Extension Period does not exceed four (4) quarterly interest payment periods, (ii) no Extension Period shall end on a date other than an Interest Payment Date and (iii) no Extension Period shall extend beyond the Stated Maturity of the principal of this Security. The Company shall notify in writing (i) the Security Holders at the address provided upon request to the Securities Registrar, (ii) the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office and (iii) Taberna Capital Management, LLC, 450 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10022, attn: Thomas Bogal, telephone: (212) 735-1490 of its election to begin any such Extension Period at least thirty (30) days’ prior to the next succeeding Interest Payment Date on which interest on this Security would be payable but for such deferral.

 

During any such Extension Period, the Company shall not (i) declare or pay any dividends or distributions on, or redeem, purchase, acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of the Company’s limited partnership interests (ii) vote in favor of or permit or otherwise allow any of its subsidiaries to declare or pay any dividends or distributions on, or redeem, purchase, acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to or otherwise retire, any shares of such subsidiaries preferred stock (for the avoidance of doubt, whether such preferred stock is perpetual or otherwise) or (iii) make any payment of principal of or any interest or premium, if any, on or repay, repurchase or redeem any debt securities of the Company that rank pari passu

 



 

in all respects with or junior in interest to this Security (other than (a) repurchases, redemptions or other acquisitions of limited partnership interests of the Company in connection with (1) any employment contract, benefit plan or other similar arrangement with or for the benefit of any one or more employees, officers, directors or consultants, (2) a dividend reinvestment or limited partnership interests purchase plan and (3) the issuance of limited partnership interests of the Company (or securities convertible into or exercisable for such units of limited partnership interests) as consideration in an acquisition transaction entered into prior to the applicable Extension Period, (b) as a result of an exchange or conversion of any class or series of the Company’s limited partnership interests (or any capital stock or limited partnership interests of a Subsidiary of the Company) for any class or series of the Company’s limited partnership interests or of any class or series of the Company’s indebtedness for any class or series of the Company’s limited partnership interests, (c) the purchase of fractional interests in shares of the Company’s limited partnership interests pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such limited partnership interests or the security being converted or exchanged, (d) any declaration of a dividend in connection with any Rights Plan, the issuance of rights, limited partnership interests or other property under any Rights Plan, or the redemption or repurchase of rights pursuant thereto or (e) any dividend in the form of limited partnership interests, warrants, options or other rights where the dividend limited partnership interests or the limited partnership interests issuable upon exercise of such warrants, options or other rights is the same stock as that on which the dividend is being paid or ranks pari passu with or junior to such limited partnership interests).

 

Payment of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on this Security shall be made in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts. Payments of principal, premium, if any, and interest due at the Maturity of this Security shall be made at the Place of Payment upon surrender of such Securities to the Paying Agent, and payments of interest shall be made, subject to such surrender where applicable, by wire transfer at such place and to such account at a banking institution in the United States as may be designated in writing to the Paying Agent at least ten (10) Business Days prior to the date for payment by the Person entitled thereto unless proper written transfer instructions have not been received by the relevant record date, in which case such payments shall be made by check mailed to the address of such Person as such address shall appear in the Security Register. Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as the Holder of this Security is the Property Trustee, the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest (including any overdue installment of interest and Additional Tax Sums, if any) on this Security will be made at such place and to such account as may be designated by the Property Trustee.

 

The indebtedness evidenced by this Security is, to the extent provided in the Indenture, subordinate and junior in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all Senior Debt, and this Security is issued subject to the provisions of the Indenture with respect thereto. Each Holder of this Security, by accepting the same, (a) agrees to and shall be bound by such provisions, (b) authorizes and directs the Trustee on his or her behalf to take such actions as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate the subordination so provided and (c) appoints the Trustee his or her attorney-in-fact for any and all such purposes. Each Holder hereof, by his or her acceptance hereof, waives all notice of the acceptance of the subordination provisions contained herein and in the Indenture by each holder of Senior Debt, whether now outstanding or hereafter incurred, and waives reliance by each such holder upon said provisions.

 



 

Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Trustee by manual signature, this Security shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

 

[FORM OF REVERSE OF SECURITY]

 

This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of securities of the Company (the “Securities”) issued under the Junior Subordinated Indenture, dated as of January 27, 2006 (the “Indenture”), between the Company and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as Trustee (in such capacity, the “Trustee,” which term includes any successor trustee under the Indenture), to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities thereunder of the Company, the Trustee, the holders of Senior Debt, the Holders of the Securities and the holders of the Preferred Securities, and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered.

 

All terms used in this Security that are defined in the Indenture or in the Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of January 27, 2006 (as modified, amended or supplemented from time to time, the “Trust Agreement”), relating to the Gramercy Capital Trust III (the “Trust”) among the Company, as Depositor, the Trustees named therein and the Holders from time to time of the Trust Securities issued pursuant thereto, shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture or the Trust Agreement, as the case may be.

 

The Company may, on any Interest Payment Date, at its option, upon not less than thirty (30) days’ nor more than sixty (60) days’ written notice to the Holders of the Securities (unless a shorter notice period shall be satisfactory to the Trustee) on or after January 30, 2011 and subject to the terms and conditions of Article XI of the Indenture, redeem this Security in whole at any time or in part from time to time at a Redemption Price equal to one hundred percent (100%) of the principal amount hereof, together, in the case of any such redemption, with accrued interest, including any Additional Interest, through but excluding the date fixed as the Redemption Date.

 

In addition, upon the occurrence and during the continuation of a Special Event, the Company may, at its option, upon not less than thirty (30) days’ nor more than sixty (60) days’ written notice to the Holders of the Securities (unless a shorter notice period shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), redeem this Security, in whole but not in part, subject to the terms and conditions of Article XI of the Indenture at a Redemption Price equal to one hundred seven and one half percent (107.5%) of the principal amount hereof, together, in the case of any such redemption, with accrued interest, including any Additional Interest, through but excluding the date fixed as the Redemption Date.

 

In the event of redemption of this Security in part only, a new Security or Securities for the unredeemed portion hereof will be issued in the name of the Holder hereof upon the cancellation hereof. If less than all the Securities are to be redeemed, the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more than sixty (60) days prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee from the Outstanding Securities not previously called for redemption, by such method as the Trustee shall deem fair and appropriate and which may provide for the selection for redemption of a portion of the principal amount of any Security.

 



 

The Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the Company and the Trustee at any time to enter into a supplemental indenture or indentures for the purpose of modifying in any manner the rights and obligations of the Company and of the Holders of the Securities, with the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting Holders of specified percentages in principal amount of the Securities, on behalf of the Holders of all Securities, to waive compliance by the Company with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or waiver by the Holder of this Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders of this Security and of any Security issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange herefor or in lieu hereof, whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Security.

 

No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Security or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and any premium, if any, and interest, including any Additional Interest (to the extent legally enforceable), on this Security at the times, place and rate, and in the coin or currency, herein prescribed.

 

As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, the transfer of this Security is restricted to transfers to “Qualified Purchasers” (as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and is registrable in the Securities Register, upon surrender of this Security for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Company maintained for such purpose, duly endorsed by, or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Securities Registrar and duly executed by, the Holder hereof or such Holder’s attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Securities, of like tenor, of authorized denominations and for the same aggregate principal amount, will be issued to the designated transferee or transferees.

 

The Securities are issuable only in registered form without coupons in minimum denominations of $100,000 and any integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof. As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, Securities are exchangeable for a like aggregate principal amount of Securities and of like tenor of a different authorized denomination, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same.

 

No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith.

 

The Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name this Security is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not this Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

 

The Company and, by its acceptance of this Security or a beneficial interest herein, the Holder of, and any Person that acquires a beneficial interest in, this Security agree that, for United States federal, state and local tax purposes, it is intended that this Security constitute

 



 

indebtedness.

 

This Security shall be construed and enforced in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York, without reference to its conflict of laws provisions (other than Section 5-1401 of the General Obligations Law).

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed on this              day of                , 20           .

 

 

GKK Capital LP

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

Name:

 

Title:

 

 

SECTION 2.2 Restricted Legend.

 

 

(a)           Any Security issued hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

 

[IF THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY INSERT: THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE INDENTURE HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY (“DTC”) OR A NOMINEE OF DTC. THIS SECURITY IS EXCHANGEABLE FOR SECURITIES REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A PERSON OTHER THAN DTC OR ITS NOMINEE ONLY IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE INDENTURE, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS SECURITY (OTHER THAN A TRANSFER OF THIS SECURITY AS A WHOLE BY DTC TO A NOMINEE OF DTC OR BY A NOMINEE OF DTC TO DTC OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF DTC) MAY BE REGISTERED EXCEPT IN LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES.

 

UNLESS THIS SECURITY IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC TO THE ISSUER OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY SECURITY ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT HEREON IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.]

 

THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE WERE ORIGINALLY ISSUED IN A TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND SUCH SECURITIES, AND ANY INTEREST THEREIN, MAY NOT BE OFFERED,

 



 

SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH REGISTRATION OR AN APPLICABLE EXEMPTION THEREFROM. EACH PURCHASER OF ANY SECURITIES IS HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THE SELLER OF THE SECURITIES MAY BE RELYING ON THE EXEMPTION FROM THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 5 OF THE SECURITIES ACT PROVIDED BY RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT.

 

THE HOLDER OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE AGREES FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE COMPANY THAT (A) SUCH SECURITIES MAY BE OFFERED, RESOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED ONLY (I) TO THE COMPANY OR (II) TO A PERSON WHOM THE SELLER REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A “QUALIFIED PURCHASER” (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 2(a)(51) OF THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940, AS AMENDED), AND (B) THE HOLDER WILL NOTIFY ANY PURCHASER OF ANY SECURITIES FROM IT OF THE RESALE RESTRICTIONS REFERRED TO IN (A) ABOVE.THE SECURITIES WILL BE ISSUED AND MAY BE TRANSFERRED ONLY IN BLOCKS HAVING AN AGGREGATE PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF NOT LESS THAN $100,000. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY ATTEMPTED TRANSFER OF SECURITIES, OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN, IN A BLOCK HAVING AN AGGREGATE PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF LESS THAN $100,000 AND MULTIPLES OF $1,000 IN EXCESS THEREOF SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE VOID AND OF NO LEGAL EFFECT WHATSOEVER. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY SUCH PURPORTED TRANSFEREE SHALL BE DEEMED NOT TO BE THE HOLDER OF SUCH SECURITIES FOR ANY PURPOSE, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE RECEIPT OF PRINCIPAL OF OR INTEREST ON SUCH SECURITIES, OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN, AND SUCH PURPORTED TRANSFEREE SHALL BE DEEMED TO HAVE NO INTEREST WHATSOEVER IN SUCH SECURITIES.

 

THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY, OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN, BY ITS ACCEPTANCE HEREOF OR THEREOF ALSO AGREES, REPRESENTS AND WARRANTS THAT IT IS NOT AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT, INDIVIDUAL RETIREMENT ACCOUNT OR OTHER PLAN OR ARRANGEMENT SUBJECT TO TITLE I OF THE EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY ACT OF 1974, AS AMENDED (“ERISA”), OR SECTION 4975 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED (THE “CODE”) (EACH A “PLAN”), OR AN ENTITY WHOSE UNDERLYING ASSETS INCLUDE “PLAN ASSETS” BY REASON OF ANY PLAN’S INVESTMENT IN THE ENTITY, AND NO PERSON INVESTING “PLAN ASSETS” OF ANY PLAN MAY ACQUIRE OR HOLD THIS SECURITY OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN. ANY PURCHASER OR HOLDER OF THE SECURITIES OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN WILL BE DEEMED TO HAVE REPRESENTED BY ITS PURCHASE AND HOLDING THEREOF THAT IT IS NOT AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 3(3) OF ERISA, OR A PLAN TO WHICH SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE IS APPLICABLE, A TRUSTEE OR OTHER PERSON ACTING ON BEHALF OF AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN OR PLAN, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY USING THE ASSETS OF ANY EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN OR PLAN TO FINANCE SUCH

 



 

PURCHASE.”

 

(b)           The above legends shall not be removed from any Security unless there is delivered to the Company satisfactory evidence, which may include an Opinion of Counsel, as may be reasonably required to ensure that any future transfers thereof may be made without restriction under or violation of the provisions of the Securities Act and other applicable law. Upon provision of such satisfactory evidence, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Trustee, and the Trustee shall deliver, upon receipt of a Company Order directing it to do so, a Security that does not bear the legend.

 

SECTION 2.3         Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication.

 

The Trustee’s certificate of authentication shall be in substantially the following form:

 

This is one of the Securities referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

 

Dated:

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

Authenticating Agent

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

Authorized Signatory

 

 

SECTION 2.4         Temporary Securities.

 

(a)           Pending the preparation of definitive Securities, the Company may execute, and upon Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, temporary Securities that are printed, lithographed, typewritten, mimeographed or otherwise produced, in any denomination, substantially of the tenor of the definitive Securities in lieu of which they are issued and with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as the officers executing such Securities may determine, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities.

 

(b)           If temporary Securities are issued, the Company will cause definitive Securities to be prepared without unreasonable delay. After the preparation of definitive Securities, the temporary Securities shall be exchangeable for definitive Securities upon surrender of the temporary Securities at the office or agency of the Company designated for that purpose without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more temporary Securities, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor one or more definitive Securities of any authorized denominations having the same Original Issue Date and Stated Maturity and having the same terms as such temporary Securities. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities.

 

SECTION 2.5         Definitive Securities.

 

The Securities issued on the Original Issue Date shall be in definitive form. The definitive Securities shall be printed, lithographed or engraved, or produced by any combination of these methods, if required by any securities exchange on which the Securities may be listed,

 



 

on a steel engraved border or steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner permitted by the rules of any securities exchange on which the Securities may be listed, all as determined by the officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities.

 

ARTICLE III

THE SECURITIES

 

SECTION 3.1         Payment of Principal and Interest.

 

(a)           The unpaid principal amount of the Securities shall bear interest at a fixed rate equal to 7.65% per annum through the interest payment date in January 2016 and thereafter at a variable rate of LIBOR plus 2.70% per annum until paid or duly provided for, such interest to accrue from the Original Issue Date or from the most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, and any overdue principal, premium, if any, or

 

Additional Tax Sums and any overdue installment of interest shall bear Additional Interest at the rate equal to a fixed rate equal to 7.65% per annum through the interest payment date in January 2016 and thereafter at a variable rate of LIBOR plus 2.70% per annum, compounded quarterly from the dates such amounts are due until they are paid or funds for the payment thereof are made available for payment.

 

(b)           Interest and Additional Interest on any Security that is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name that Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest, except that interest and any Additional Interest payable on the Stated Maturity (or any date of principal repayment upon early maturity) of the principal of a Security or on a Redemption Date shall be paid to the Person to whom principal is paid. The initial payment of interest on any Security that is issued between a Regular Record Date and the related Interest Payment Date shall be payable as provided in such Security.

 

(c)           Any interest on any Security that is due and payable, but is not timely paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date for Securities (herein called “Defaulted Interest”) shall forthwith cease to be payable to the registered Holder on the relevant Regular Record Date by virtue of having been such Holder, and such Defaulted Interest may be paid by the Company, at its election in each case, as provided in paragraph (i) or (ii) below:

 

(i)            The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted Interest to the Persons in whose names the Securities (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest (a “Special Record Date”), which shall be fixed in the following manner. At least thirty (30) days prior to the date of the proposed payment, the Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest proposed to be paid on each Security and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same time the Company shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make

 



 

arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest. Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest, which shall be not more than fifteen (15) days and not less than ten (10) days prior to the date of the proposed payment and not less than ten (10) days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment. The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of such Special Record Date and, in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor to be mailed, first class, postage prepaid, to each Holder of a Security at the address of such Holder as it appears in the Securities Register not less than ten (10) days prior to such Special Record Date. Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor having been so mailed, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose names the Securities (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered on such Special Record Date; or

 

(ii)           The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange or automated quotation system on which the Securities may be listed, traded or quoted and, upon such notice as may be required by such exchange or automated quotation system (or by the Trustee if the Securities are not listed), if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee.

 

(d)           Payments of interest on the Securities shall include interest accrued to but excluding the respective Interest Payment Dates. During the Fixed Rate Period, the amount of interest payable shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months and the amount payable for any partial period shall be computed on the basis of the number of days elapsed in a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months. Upon expiration of the Fixed Rate Period, the amount of interest payable for any Interest Payment Period will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year and the actual number of days elapsed in the relevant interest period.

 

(e)           Payment of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities shall be made in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts. Payments of principal, premium, if any, and interest due at the Maturity of such Securities shall be made at the Place of Payment upon surrender of such Securities to the Paying Agent and payments of interest shall be made subject to such surrender where applicable, by wire transfer at such place and to such account at a banking institution in the United States as may be designated in writing to the Paying Agent at least ten (10) Business Days prior to the date for payment by the Person entitled thereto unless proper written transfer instructions have not been received by the relevant record date, in which case such payments shall be made by check mailed to the address of such Person as such address shall appear in the Security Register. Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as the holder of this Security is the Property Trustee, the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest (including any overdue installment of interest and Additional Tax Sums, if any) on this Security will be made at such place and to such account as may be designated by the Property Trustee.

 



 

(f)            The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that the holders of the Preferred Securities have certain rights to direct the Company to modify the Interest Payment Dates and corresponding Redemption Date and Stated Maturity of the Securities or a portion of the Securities pursuant to the Purchase Agreement. In the event any such modifications are made to the Securities or a portion of the Securities, appropriate changes to the form of Security set forth in Article II hereof shall be made prior to the issuance and authentication of new or replacement Securities. Any such modification of the Interest Payment Date and corresponding Redemption Date and Stated Maturity with respect to any Securities or tranche of Securities shall not require or be subject to the consent of the Trustee.

 

(g)           Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section 3.1, each Security delivered under this Indenture upon transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, that were carried by such other Security.

 

SECTION 3.2         Denominations.

 

The Securities shall be in registered form without coupons and shall be issuable in minimum denominations of $100,000 and any integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof.

 

SECTION 3.3         Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating.

 

(a)           At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities in an aggregate principal amount (including all then Outstanding Securities) not in excess of Fifty-One Million Five Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($51,550,000) executed by the Company to the Trustee for authentication, together with a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of such Securities, and the Trustee in accordance with the Company Order shall authenticate and deliver such Securities. In authenticating such Securities, and accepting the additional responsibilities under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and shall be fully protected in relying upon:

 

(i)            a copy of any Board Resolution relating thereto; and

 

(ii)           an Opinion of Counsel stating that: (1) such Securities, when authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will constitute, and the Indenture constitutes, valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, each enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles; (2) the Securities have been duly authorized and executed by the Company and have been delivered to the Trustee for authentication in accordance with this Indenture; (3) the Securities are not required to be registered under the Securities Act; and (4) the Indenture is not required to be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act.

 



 

(b)           The Securities shall be executed on behalf of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, its Vice Chairman of the Board, its Chief Executive Officer, its President or one of its Vice Presidents. The signature of any of these officers on the Securities may be manual or facsimile. Securities bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind the Company, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Securities or did not hold such offices at the date of such Securities.

 

(c)           No Security shall be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose, unless there appears on such Security a certificate of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein executed by the Trustee by the manual signature of one of its authorized signatories, and such certificate upon any Security shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Security has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any Security shall have been authenticated and delivered hereunder but never issued and sold by the Company, and the Company shall deliver such Security to the Trustee for cancellation as provided in Section 3.8, for all purposes of this Indenture such Security shall be deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder and shall never be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture.

 

(d)           Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication.

 

SECTION 3.4         Global Securities.

 

(a)           Upon the election of the Holder after the Original Issue Date, which election need not be in writing, the Securities owned by such Holder shall be issued in the form of one or more Global Securities registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee. Each Global Security issued under this Indenture shall be registered in the name of the Depositary designated by the Company for such Global Security or a nominee thereof and delivered to such Depositary or a nominee thereof or custodian therefor, and each such Global Security shall constitute a single Security for all purposes of this Indenture.

 

(b)           Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, no Global Security may be exchanged in whole or in part for registered Securities, and no transfer of a Global Security in whole or in part may be registered, in the name of any Person other than the Depositary for such Global Security or a nominee thereof unless (i) such Depositary advises the Trustee and the Company in writing that such Depositary is no longer willing or able to properly discharge its responsibilities as Depositary with respect to such Global Security, and no qualified successor is appointed by the Company within ninety (90) days of receipt by the Company of such notice, (ii) such Depositary ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and no successor is appointed by the Company within ninety (90) days after obtaining knowledge of such event, (iii) the Company executes and delivers to the Trustee a Company Order stating that the Company elects to terminate the book-entry system through the Depositary or (iv) an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing. Upon the occurrence of any event specified in clause (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) above, the Trustee shall notify the Depositary and instruct the Depositary to notify all owners of beneficial interests in such Global Security of the occurrence of such event and of the availability of Securities to such owners of beneficial interests requesting the same. The Trustee may conclusively rely, and be protected in relying, upon the

 



 

written identification of the owners of beneficial interests furnished by the Depositary, and shall not be liable for any delay resulting from a delay by the Depositary. Upon the issuance of such Securities and the registration in the Securities Register of such Securities in the names of the Holders of the beneficial interests therein, the Trustees shall recognize such holders of beneficial interests as Holders.

 

(c)           If any Global Security is to be exchanged for other Securities or canceled in part, or if another Security is to be exchanged in whole or in part for a beneficial interest in any Global Security, then either (i) such Global Security shall be so surrendered for exchange or cancellation as provided in this Article III or (ii) the principal amount thereof shall be reduced or increased by an amount equal to (x) the portion thereof to be so exchanged or canceled, or (y) the principal amount of such other Security to be so exchanged for a beneficial interest therein, as the case may be, by means of an appropriate adjustment made on the records of the Securities Registrar, whereupon the Trustee, in accordance with the Applicable Depositary Procedures, shall instruct the Depositary or its authorized representative to make a corresponding adjustment to its records. Upon any such surrender or adjustment of a Global Security by the Depositary, accompanied by registration instructions, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver any Securities issuable in exchange for such Global Security (or any portion thereof) in accordance with the instructions of the Depositary. The Trustee shall not be liable for any delay in delivery of such instructions and may conclusively rely on, and shall be fully protected in relying on, such instructions.

 

(d)           Every Security authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for or in lieu of, a Global Security or any portion thereof shall be authenticated and delivered in the form of, and shall be, a Global Security, unless such Security is registered in the name of a Person other than the Depositary for such Global Security or a nominee thereof.

 

(e)           Securities distributed to holders of Book-Entry Preferred Securities (as defined in the applicable Trust Agreement) upon the dissolution of the Trust shall be distributed in the form of one or more Global Securities registered in the name of a Depositary or its nominee, and deposited with the Securities Registrar, as custodian for such Depositary, or with such Depositary, for credit by the Depositary to the respective accounts of the beneficial owners of the Securities represented thereby (or such other accounts as they may direct). Securities distributed to holders of Preferred Securities other than Book-Entry Preferred Securities upon the dissolution of the Trust shall not be issued in the form of a Global Security or any other form intended to facilitate book-entry trading in beneficial interests in such Securities.

 

(f)            The Depositary or its nominee, as the registered owner of a Global Security, shall be the Holder of such Global Security for all purposes under this Indenture and the Securities, and owners of beneficial interests in a Global Security shall hold such interests pursuant to the Applicable Depositary Procedures. Accordingly, any such owner’s beneficial interest in a Global Security shall be shown only on, and the transfer of such interest shall be effected only through, records maintained by the Depositary or its nominee or its Depositary Participants. The Securities Registrar and the Trustee shall be entitled to deal with the Depositary for all purposes of this Indenture relating to a Global Security (including the payment of principal and interest thereon and the giving of instructions or directions by owners of beneficial interests therein and the giving of notices) as the sole Holder of the Security and shall have no obligations to the

 



 

owners of beneficial interests therein. Neither the Trustee nor the Securities Registrar shall have any liability in respect of any transfers effected by the Depositary.

 

(g)           The rights of owners of beneficial interests in a Global Security shall be exercised only through the Depositary and shall be limited to those established by law and agreements between such owners and the Depositary and/or its Depositary Participants.

 

(h)           No holder of any beneficial interest in any Global Security held on its behalf by a Depositary shall have any rights under this Indenture with respect to such Global Security, and such Depositary may be treated by the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee as the owner of such Global Security for all purposes whatsoever. None of the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests of a Global Security or maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by a Depositary or impair, as between a Depositary and such holders of beneficial interests, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the rights of the Depositary (or its nominee) as Holder of any Security.

 

SECTION 3.5         Registration, Transfer and Exchange Generally.

 

(a)           The Trustee shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office a register (the “Securities Register”) in which the registrar and transfer agent with respect to the Securities (the “Securities Registrar”), subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, shall provide for the registration of Securities and of transfers and exchanges of Securities. The Trustee shall at all times also be the Securities Registrar. The provisions of Article VI shall apply to the Trustee in its role as Securities Registrar.

 

(b)           Subject to compliance with Section 2.2(b), upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Security at the offices or agencies of the Company designated for that purpose the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Securities of any authorized denominations of like tenor and aggregate principal amount.

 

(c)           At the option of the Holder, Securities may be exchanged for other Securities of any authorized denominations, of like tenor and aggregate principal amount, upon surrender of the Securities to be exchanged at such office or agency. Whenever any Securities are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Securities that the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive.

 

(d)           All Securities issued upon any transfer or exchange of Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such transfer or exchange.

 

(e)           Every Security presented or surrendered for transfer or exchange shall (if so required by the Company or the Trustee) be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written

 



 

instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Securities Registrar, duly executed by the Holder thereof or such Holder’s attorney duly authorized in writing.

 

(f)            No service charge shall be made to a Holder for any transfer or exchange of Securities, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any transfer or exchange of Securities.

 

(g)           Neither the Company nor the Trustee shall be required pursuant to the provisions of this Section 3.5 (g): (i) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Security during a period beginning at the opening of business fifteen (15) days before the day of selection for redemption of Securities pursuant to Article XI and ending at the close of business on the day of mailing of the notice of redemption or (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any Security so selected for redemption in whole or in part, except, in the case of any such Security to be redeemed in part, any portion thereof not to be redeemed.

 

(h)           The Company shall designate an office or offices or agency or agencies where Securities may be surrendered for registration or transfer or exchange. The Company initially designates the Corporate Trust Office as its office and agency for such purposes. The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee and to the Holders of any change in the location of any such office or agency.

 

(i)            The Securities may only be transferred to a “Qualified Purchaser” as such term is defined in section 2(a)(51) of the Investment Company Act.

 

(j)            Neither the Trustee nor the Securities Registrar shall be responsible for ascertaining whether any transfer hereunder complies with the registration provisions of or any exemptions from the Securities Act, applicable state securities laws or the applicable laws of any other jurisdiction, ERISA, the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Investment Company Act; provided that if a certificate is specifically required by the express terms of this Section 3.5 to be delivered to the Trustee or the Securities Registrar by a Holder or transferee of a Security, the Trustee and the Securities Registrar shall be under a duty to receive and examine the same to determine whether or not the certificate substantially conforms on its face to the requirements of this Indenture and shall promptly notify the party delivering the same if such certificate does not comply with such terms

 

SECTION 3.6         Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities.

 

(a)           If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee together with such security or indemnity as may be required by the Trustee to save the Company and the Trustee harmless, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a new Security of like tenor and aggregate principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

 

(b)           If there shall be delivered to the Trustee (i) evidence to its satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security and (ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by it to save each of the Company and the Trustee harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the

 



 

Company shall execute and upon its written request the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security, a new Security of like tenor and aggregate principal amount as such destroyed, lost or stolen Security, and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

 

(c)           If any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security.

 

(d)           Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section 3.6, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.

 

(e)           Every new Security issued pursuant to this Section 3.6 in lieu of any mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities duly issued hereunder.

 

(f)            The provisions of this Section 3.6 are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities.

 

SECTION 3.7         Persons Deemed Owners.

 

The Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall treat the Person in whose name any Security is registered as the owner of such Security for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of and any interest on such Security and for all other purposes whatsoever, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

 

SECTION 3.8         Cancellation.

 

All Securities surrendered for payment, redemption, transfer or exchange shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee, and any such Securities and Securities surrendered directly to the Trustee for any such purpose shall be promptly canceled by it. The Company may at any time deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated and delivered hereunder that the Company may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and all Securities so delivered shall be promptly canceled by the Trustee. No Securities shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Securities canceled as provided in this Section 3.8, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture. All canceled Securities shall be retained or disposed of by the Trustee in accordance with its customary practices and the Trustee shall deliver to the Company a certificate of such disposition.

 



 

SECTION 3.9         Deferrals of Interest Payment Dates.

 

(a)           So long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Company shall have the right, at any time and from time to time during the term of the Security, to defer the payment of interest on the Securities for a period of up to four (4) consecutive quarterly interest payment periods (each such period, an “Extension Period”), during which Extension Period(s), the Company shall have the right to make no payments or partial payments of interest on any Interest Payment Date (except any Additional Tax Sums that otherwise may be due and payable). No Extension Period shall end on a date other than an Interest Payment Date and no Extension Period shall extend beyond the Stated Maturity of the principal of the Securities. No interest shall be due and payable during an Extension Period, except at the end thereof. At the end of any such Extension Period, the Company shall pay all interest then accrued and unpaid on the Securities. Prior to the termination of any such Extension Period, the Company may extend such Extension Period and further defer the payment of interest; provided that (i) all such previous and further extensions comprising such Extension Period do not exceed four (4) quarterly interest payment periods, (ii) no Extension Period shall end on a date other than an Interest Payment Date and (iii) no Extension Period shall extend beyond the Stated Maturity of the principal of the Securities. Upon the termination of any such Extension Period and upon the payment of all accrued and unpaid interest then due on any Interest Payment Date, the Company may elect to begin a new Extension Period; provided that (i) such Extension Period does not exceed four (4) quarterly interest payment periods, (ii) no Extension Period shall end on a date other than an Interest Payment Date and (iii) no Extension Period shall extend beyond the Stated Maturity of the principal of the Securities. The Company shall give the Holders of the Securities and the Trustee written notice of its election to begin any such Extension Period at least thirty (30) days’ prior to the next succeeding Interest Payment Date on which interest on the Securities would be payable but for such deferral.

 

(b)           In connection with any such Extension Period, the Company shall be subject to the restrictions set forth in Section 10.6(a).

 

SECTION 3.10       Reserved.

 

SECTION 3.11       Agreed Tax Treatment.

 

Each Security issued hereunder shall provide that the Company and, by its acceptance or acquisition of a Security or a beneficial interest therein, the Holder of, and any Person that acquires a direct or indirect beneficial interest in, such Security, intend and agree to treat such Security as indebtedness of the Company for U.S. Federal, state and local tax purposes and to treat the Preferred Securities (including but not limited to all payments and proceeds with respect to the Preferred Securities) as an undivided beneficial ownership interest in the Securities (and any other Trust property) (and payments and proceeds therefrom, respectively) for U.S. Federal, state and local tax purposes. The provisions of this Indenture shall be interpreted to further this intention and agreement of the parties.

 

SECTION 3.12       CUSIP Numbers.

 

The Company in issuing the Securities may use “CUSIP” numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use “CUSIP” numbers in notices of redemption and other similar or related materials as a convenience to Holders; provided that any such notice or other

 



 

materials may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of redemption or other materials and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers.

 

ARTICLE IV

SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

 

SECTION 4.1         Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture.

 

This Indenture shall, upon Company Request, cease to be of further effect (except as to any surviving rights of registration of transfer or exchange of Securities herein expressly provided for and as otherwise provided in this Section 4.1) and the Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when

 

(a)           either

 

(i)            all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (A) Securities that have been mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen and that have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 3.6 and (B) Securities for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust as provided in Section 10.2) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or

 

(ii)           all such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation

 

(A)                              have become due and payable, or

 

(B)                                will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within one year of the date of deposit, or

 

(C)                                are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company,

 

and the Company, in the case of subclause (ii)(A), (B) or (C) above, has deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for such purpose (x) an amount in the currency or currencies in which the Securities are payable, (y) Government Obligations which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not later than the due date of any payment, money in an amount or (z) a combination thereof, in each case sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities that have become due and payable) or to the

 



 

Stated Maturity (or any date of principal repayment upon early maturity) or Redemption Date, as the case may be;

 

(b)           the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company; and

 

(c)           the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel each stating that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with.

 

Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 6.6, the obligations of the Company to any Authenticating Agent under Section 6.11 and, if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to subclause (a)(ii) of this Section 4.1, the obligations of the Trustee under Section 4.2 and Section 10.2(e) shall survive.

 

SECTION 4.2         Application of Trust Money.

 

Subject to the provisions of Section 10.2(e), all money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 4.1 shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities and this Indenture, to the payment in accordance with Section 3.1, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Persons entitled thereto, of the principal and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) for the payment of which such money or obligations have been deposited with or received by the Trustee. Moneys held by the Trustee under this Section 4.2 shall not be subject to the claims of holders of Senior Debt under Article XII.

 

ARTICLE V

REMEDIES

 

SECTION 5.1         Events of Default.

 

Event of Default” means, wherever used herein with respect to the Securities, any one of the following events (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body):

 

(a)           default in the payment of any interest upon any Security, including any Additional Interest in respect thereof, when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default for a period of thirty (30) days (subject to the deferral of any due date in the case of an Extension Period); or

 

(b)           default in the payment of the principal of or any premium on any Security at its Maturity; or

 



 

(c)           default in the performance, or breach, of any covenant or warranty in any material respect of the Company in this Indenture or the Purchase Agreements and continuance of such default or breach for a period of thirty (30) days after there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least twenty five percent (25%) in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities a written notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder;

 

(d)           the entry by a court having jurisdiction in the premises of  a decree or order adjudging the Company a bankrupt or insolvent, or approving as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition of or in respect of the Company under any applicable Federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law, or appointing a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or of any substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of its affairs, and the continuance of any such decree or order for relief or any such other decree or order unstayed and in effect for a period of sixty (60) consecutive days;

 

(e)           the institution by the Company of proceedings to be adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent, or the consent by the Company to the institution of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings against it, or the filing by the Company of a petition or answer or consent seeking reorganization or relief under any applicable Federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law, or the consent by it to the filing of such petition or to the appointment of or taking possession by a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or of any substantial part of its property, or the making by it of an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the admission by it in writing of its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due and its willingness to be adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent, or the taking of corporate action by the Company in furtherance of any such action; or

 

(f)            the Trust shall have voluntarily or involuntarily liquidated, dissolved, wound-up its business or otherwise terminated its existence, except in connection with (1) the distribution of the Securities to holders of the Preferred Securities in liquidation of their interests in the Trust, (2) the redemption of all of the outstanding Preferred Securities or (3) certain mergers, consolidations or amalgamations, each as and to the extent permitted by the Trust Agreement.

 

SECTION 5.2         Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.

 

(a)           If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, then and in every such case the Trustee or the Holders of not less than twenty five percent (25%) in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities may declare the principal amount of all the Securities to be due and payable immediately, by a notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by Holders), provided that if, upon an Event of Default, the Trustee or the Holders of not less than twenty five percent (25%) in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities fail to declare the principal of all the Outstanding Securities to be immediately due and payable, the holders of at least twenty five percent (25%) in aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities then outstanding shall have the right to make such declaration by a notice in writing to the Property Trustee, the Company and the Trustee; and upon any such declaration the principal amount of

 



 

and the accrued interest (including any Additional Interest) on all the Securities shall become immediately due and payable.

 

(b)           At any time after such a declaration of acceleration with respect to Securities has been made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter provided in this Article V, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities, by written notice to the Indenture Trustee, or the holders of a majority in aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities, by written notice to the Property Trustee, the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if:

 

(i)            the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay:

 

(A)                              all overdue installments of interest on all Securities,

 

(B)                                any accrued Additional Interest on all Securities,

 

(C)                                the principal of and any premium on any Securities that have become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration and interest (including any Additional Interest) thereon at the rate borne by the Securities, and

 

(D)                               all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, the Property Trustee and their agents and counsel; and

 

(ii)           all Events of Default with respect to Securities, other than the non-payment of the principal of Securities that has become due solely by such acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in Section 5.13;

 

provided that if the Holders of such Securities fail to annul such declaration and waive such default, the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities then outstanding shall also have the right to rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences by written notice to the Property Trustee, the Company and the Trustee, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in paragraph (b) of this Section 5.2. No such rescission shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right consequent thereon.

 

SECTION 5.3         Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee.

 

(a)           The Company covenants that if:

 

(i)            default is made in the payment of any installment of interest (including any Additional Interest) on any Security when such interest becomes due and payable and such default continues for a period of thirty (30) days, or

 

(ii)           default is made in the payment of the principal of and any premium on any Security at the Maturity thereof,

 



 

the Company will, upon demand of the Trustee, pay to the Trustee, for the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, the whole amount then due and payable on such Securities for principal and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) and, in addition thereto, all amounts owing the Trustee under Section 6.6.

 

(b)           If the Company fails to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a judicial proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, and may prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree, and may enforce the same against the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities, wherever situated.

 

(c)           If an Event of Default with respect to Securities occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy.

 

SECTION 5.4         Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.

 

In case of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or similar judicial proceeding relative to the Company (or any other obligor upon the Securities), its property or its creditors, the Trustee shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise, to take any and all actions authorized hereunder in order to have claims of the Holders and the Trustee allowed in any such proceeding. In particular, the Trustee shall be authorized to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same; and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to first pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts owing the Trustee, any predecessor Trustee and other Persons under Section 6.6.

 

SECTION 5.5         Trustee May Enforce Claim Without Possession of Securities.

 

All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Securities may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, subject to Article XII and after provision for the payment of all the amounts owing the Trustee, any predecessor Trustee and other Persons under Section 6.6, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.

 



 

SECTION 5.6         Application of Money Collected.

 

Any money or property collected or to be applied by the Trustee with respect to the Securities pursuant to this Article V shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such money or property on account of principal or any premium or interest (including any Additional Interest), upon presentation of the Securities and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:

 

FIRST: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee, any predecessor Trustee and other Persons under Section 6.6;

 

SECOND: To the payment of all Senior Debt of the Company if and to the extent required by Article XII;

 

THIRD: Subject to Article XII, to the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid upon the Securities for principal and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on the Securities for principal and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest), respectively; and

 

FOURTH: The balance, if any, to the Person or Persons entitled thereto.

 

SECTION 5.7         Limitation on Suits.

 

Subject to Section 5.8, no Holder of any Securities shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture or for the appointment of a custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator (or other similar official) or for any other remedy hereunder, unless:

 

(a)           such Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities;

 

(b)           the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities shall have made written request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder;

 

(c)           such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request;

 

(d)           the Trustee after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding for sixty (60) days; and

 

(e)           no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such sixty (60)-day period by the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities;

 

it being understood and intended that no one or more of such Holders shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing itself of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other Holders of Securities, or to obtain or to seek to obtain

 



 

priority or preference over any other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all such Holders.

 

SECTION 5.8         Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium, if any, and Interest; Direct Action by Holders of Preferred Securities.

 

Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the Holder of any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive payment of the principal of and any premium on such Security at its Maturity and payment of interest (including any Additional Interest) on such Security when due and payable and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and such right shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder. Any registered holder of the Preferred Securities shall have the right, upon the occurrence of an Event of Default described in Section 5.1(a) or Section 5.1(b), to institute a suit directly against the Company for enforcement of payment to such holder of principal of and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Securities having a principal amount equal to the aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities held by such holder.

 

SECTION 5.9         Restoration of Rights and Remedies.

 

If the Trustee, any Holder or any holder of Preferred Securities has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee, such Holder or such holder of Preferred Securities, then and in every such case the Company, the Trustee, such Holders and such holder of Preferred Securities shall, subject to any determination in such proceeding, be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder, and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee, such Holder and such holder of Preferred Securities shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted.

 

SECTION 5.10       Rights and Remedies Cumulative.

 

Except as otherwise provided in Section 3.6(f), no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.

 

SECTION 5.11       Delay or Omission Not Waiver.

 

No delay or omission of the Trustee, any Holder of any Securities or any holder of any Preferred Security to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article V or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders and the right and remedy given to the holders of Preferred Securities by Section 5.8 may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee, the Holders or the holders of Preferred Securities, as the case may be.

 



 

SECTION 5.12       Control by Holders.

 

The Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities (or, as the case may be, the holders of a majority in aggregate Liquidation Amount of Preferred Securities)  shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee; provided that:

 

(a)           such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture,

 

(b)           the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee that is not inconsistent with such direction, and

 

(c)           subject to the provisions of Section 6.2, the Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow such direction if a Responsible Officer or Officers of the Trustee shall, in good faith, reasonably determine that the proceeding so directed would be unjustly prejudicial to the Holders not joining in any such direction or would involve the Trustee in personal liability.

 

SECTION 5.13       Waiver of Past Defaults.

 

(a)           The Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities or the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities may waive any past Event of Default hereunder and its consequences except an Event of Default:

 

(i)            in the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest (including any Additional Interest) on any Outstanding Security (unless such Event of Default has been cured and the Company has paid to or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay all installments of interest (including any Additional Interest) due and past due and all principal of and any premium on all Securities due otherwise than by acceleration), or

 

(ii)           in respect of a covenant or provision hereof that under Article IX cannot be modified or amended without the consent of each Holder of any Outstanding Security.

 

(b)           Any such waiver shall be deemed to be on behalf of the Holders of all the Outstanding Securities or, in the case of a waiver by holders of Preferred Securities issued by such Trust, by all holders of Preferred Securities.

 

(c)           Upon any such waiver, such Event of Default shall cease to exist and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

 

SECTION 5.14       Undertaking for Costs.

 

All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Security by his or her acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion

 



 

assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section 5.14 shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than ten percent (10%) in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of or any premium on the Security after the Stated Maturity or any interest (including any Additional Interest) on any Security after it is due and payable.

 

SECTION 5.15       Waiver of Usury, Stay or Extension Laws.

 

The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any usury, stay or extension law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and the Company (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.

 

ARTICLE VI

THE TRUSTEE

 

SECTION 6.1         Corporate Trustee Required.

 

There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities. The Trustee shall be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States or of any state thereof, authorized to exercise corporate trust powers, having a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000, subject to supervision or examination by Federal or state authority and having an office within the United States. If such corporation publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of such supervising or examining authority, then, for the purposes of this Section 6.1, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section 6.1, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article VI.

 

SECTION 6.2         Certain Duties and Responsibilities.

 

(a)           Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:

 

(i)            the Trustee undertakes to perform such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and

 

(ii)           in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein,

 



 

upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; provided that in the case of any such certificates or opinions that by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they substantially conform on their face to the requirements of this Indenture.

 

(b)           If an Event of Default known to the Trustee has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall, prior to the receipt of directions, if any, from the Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities (or, if applicable, from the holders of at least a majority in aggregate Liquidation Amount of Preferred Securities), exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise, as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person’s own affairs.

 

(c)           Notwithstanding the foregoing, no provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it. Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section 6.2. To the extent that, at law or in equity, the Trustee has duties and liabilities relating to the Holders, the Trustee shall not be liable to any Holder or any holder of Preferred Securities for the Trustee’s good faith reliance on the provisions of this Indenture. The provisions of this Indenture, to the extent that they restrict the duties and liabilities of the Trustee otherwise existing at law or in equity, are agreed by the Company and the Holders and the holders of Preferred Securities to replace such other duties and liabilities of the Trustee.

 

(d)           No provisions of this Indenture shall be construed to relieve the Trustee from liability with respect to matters that are within the authority of the Trustee under this Indenture for its own negligent action, negligent failure to act or willful misconduct, except that:

 

(i)            the Trustee shall not be liable for any error or judgment made in good faith by an authorized officer of the Trustee, unless it shall be proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;

 

(ii)           the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities (or, as the case may be, the holders of a majority in aggregate Liquidation Amount of Preferred Securities) relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee under this Indenture; and

 

(iii)          the Trustee shall be under no liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed in writing with the Company and money held by the Trustee in trust hereunder need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

 



 

(e)           If at any time the Trustee hereunder is not the same Person as the Property Trustee under the Trust Agreement:

 

(i)            whenever a reference is made herein to the dissolution, termination or liquidation of the Trust, the Trustee shall be entitled to assume that no such dissolution, termination, or liquidation has occurred so long as the Securities are or continue to be registered in the name of such Property Trustee, and the Trustee shall be charged with notice or knowledge of such dissolution, termination or liquidation only upon written notice thereof given to the Trustee by the Depositor under the Trust Agreement; and

 

(ii)           the Trustee shall not be charged with notice or knowledge that any Person is a holder of Preferred Securities or Common Securities issued by the Trust or whether any group of holders of Preferred Securities constitutes any specified percentage of all outstanding Preferred Securities for any purpose under this Indenture, unless and until the Trustee is furnished with a list of holders by such Property Trustee and the aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities then outstanding. The Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be protected in relying on such list.

 

(f)            Notwithstanding Section 1.10, the Trustee shall not, and shall not be deemed to, owe any fiduciary duty to the holders of any of the Trust Securities issued by the Trust and shall not be liable to any such holder (other than for the willful misconduct or negligence of the Trustee) if the Trustee in good faith (i) pays over or distributes to a registered Holder of the Securities or to the Company or to any other Person, cash, property or securities to which such holders of such Trust Securities shall be entitled or (ii) takes any action or omits to take any action at the request of the Holder of such Securities. Nothing in this paragraph shall affect the obligation of any other such Person to hold such payment for the benefit of, and to pay such amount over to, such holders of Preferred Securities or Common Securities or their representatives.

 

SECTION 6.3         Notice of Defaults.

 

Within ninety (90) days after the occurrence of any default actually known to the Trustee, the Trustee shall give the Holders notice of such default unless such default shall have been cured or waived; provided that except in the case of a default in the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on any Securities, the Trustee shall be fully protected in withholding the notice if and so long as the board of directors, the executive committee or a trust committee of directors and/or Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interest of Holders of Securities; and provided, further, that in the case of any default of the character specified in Section 5.1(c), no such notice to Holders shall be given until at least thirty (30) days after the occurrence thereof. For the purpose of this Section 6.3, the term “default” means any event which is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default.

 

SECTION 6.4         Certain Rights of Trustee.

 

Subject to the provisions of Section 6.2:

 

 



 

(a)           the Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be fully protected in acting or refraining from acting in good faith and in accordance with the terms hereof upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties;

 

(b)           if (i) in performing its duties under this Indenture the Trustee is required to decide between alternative courses of action, (ii) in construing any of the provisions of this Indenture the Trustee finds ambiguous or inconsistent with any other provisions contained herein or (iii) the Trustee is unsure of the application of any provision of this Indenture, then, except as to any matter as to which the Holders are entitled to decide under the terms of this Indenture, the Trustee shall deliver a notice to the Company requesting the Company’s written instruction as to the course of action to be taken and the Trustee shall take such action, or refrain from taking such action, as the Trustee shall be instructed in writing to take, or to refrain from taking, by the Company; provided that if the Trustee does not receive such instructions from the Company within ten Business Days after it has delivered such notice or such reasonably shorter period of time set forth in such notice the Trustee may, but shall be under no duty to, take such action, or refrain from taking such action, as the Trustee shall deem advisable and in the best interests of the Holders, in which event the Trustee shall have no liability except for its own negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct;

 

(c)           any request or direction of the Company shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or Company Order and any resolution of the Board of Directors may be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution;

 

(d)           the Trustee may consult with counsel (which counsel may be counsel to the Trustee, the Company or any of its Affiliates, and may include any of its employees) and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;

 

(e)           the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders or any holder of Preferred Securities pursuant to this Indenture, unless such Holders (or such holders of Preferred Securities) shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses) and liabilities that might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction, including reasonable advances as may be requested by the Trustee;

 

(f)            the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, indenture, note or other paper or document, but the Trustee in its discretion may make such inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and premises of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney;

 



 

(g)           the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents, attorneys, custodians or nominees and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any such agent, attorney, custodian or nominee appointed with due care by it hereunder;

 

(h)           whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it desirable to receive instructions with respect to enforcing any remedy or right or taking any other action with respect to enforcing any remedy or right hereunder, the Trustees (i) may request instructions from the Holders (which instructions may only be given by the Holders of the same aggregate principal amount of Outstanding Securities as would be entitled to direct the Trustee under this Indenture in respect of such remedy, right or action), (ii) may refrain from enforcing such remedy or right or taking such action until such instructions are received and (iii) shall be protected in acting in accordance with such instructions;

 

(i)            except as otherwise expressly provided by this Indenture, the Trustee shall not be under any obligation to take any action that is discretionary under the provisions of this Indenture;

 

(j)            without prejudice to any other rights available to the Trustee under applicable law, when the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with any bankruptcy, insolvency or other proceeding referred to in clauses (d) or (e) of the definition of Event of Default, such expenses (including legal fees and expenses of its agents and counsel) and the compensation for such services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any bankruptcy laws or law relating to creditors rights generally;

 

(k)           whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, conclusively rely upon an Officers’ Certificate addressing such matter, which, upon receipt of such request, shall be promptly delivered by the Company;

 

(l)            the Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of any Event of Default unless either (i) a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have actual knowledge or (ii) the Trustee shall have received written notice thereof from the Company or a Holder; and

 

(m)          in the event that the Trustee is also acting as Paying Agent, Authenticating Agent or Securities Registrar hereunder, the rights and protections afforded to the Trustee pursuant to this Article VI shall also be afforded such Paying Agent, Authenticating Agent, or Securities Registrar.

 

SECTION 6.5         May Hold Securities.

 

The Trustee, any Authenticating Agent, any Paying Agent, any Securities Registrar or any other agent of the Company, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, Authenticating Agent, Paying Agent, Securities Registrar or such other agent.

 



 

SECTION 6.6         Compensation; Reimbursement; Indemnity.

 

(a)           The Company agrees:

 

(i)            to pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder in such amounts as the Company and the Trustee shall agree from time to time (which compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust);

 

(ii)           to reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be attributable to its negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct; and

 

(iii)          to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, to indemnify the Trustee and its Affiliates, and their officers, directors, shareholders, agents, representatives and employees for, and to hold them harmless against, any loss, damage, liability, tax (other than income, franchise or other taxes imposed on amounts paid pursuant to (i) or (ii) hereof), penalty, expense or claim of any kind or nature whatsoever incurred without negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct on its part arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of this Trust or the performance of the Trustee’s duties hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder.

 

(b)           To secure the Company’s payment obligations in this Section 6.6, the Company hereby grants and pledges to the Trustee and the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities on all money or property held or collected by the Trustee, other than money or property held in trust to pay principal and interest on particular Securities. Such lien shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or the resignation or removal of the Trustee.

 

(c)           The obligations of the Company under this Section 6.6 shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture and the earlier resignation or removal of the Trustee.

 

(d)           In no event shall the Trustee be liable for any indirect, special, punitive or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever, including, but not limited to, lost profits, even if the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action.

 

(e)           In no event shall the Trustee be liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder because of circumstances beyond its control, including, but not limited to, acts of God, flood, war (whether declared or undeclared), terrorism, fire, riot, embargo, government action, including any laws, ordinances, regulations, governmental action or the like which delay, restrict or prohibit the providing of the services contemplated by this Indenture.

 



 

SECTION 6.7         Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor.

 

(a)           No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a successor Trustee pursuant to this Article VI shall become effective until the acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee under Section 6.8.

 

(b)           The Trustee may resign at any time by giving written notice thereof to the Company.

 

(c)           Unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Trustee may be removed at any time by the Company by a Board Resolution. If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Trustee may be removed by Act of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities, delivered to the Trustee and to the Company.

 

(d)           If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any reason, at a time when no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Company, by a Board Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee, and such successor Trustee and the retiring Trustee shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 6.8. If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any reason, at a time when an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Holders, by Act of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee, and such successor Trustee and the retiring Trustee shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 6.8. If no successor Trustee shall have been so appointed by the Company or the Holders and accepted appointment within sixty (60) days after the giving of a notice of resignation by the Trustee or the removal of the Trustee in the manner required by Section 6.8, any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months may, on behalf of such Holder and all others similarly situated, and any resigning Trustee may, at the expense of the Company, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee.

 

(e)           The Company shall give notice to all Holders in the manner provided in Section 1.6 of each resignation and each removal of the Trustee and each appointment of a successor Trustee. Each notice shall include the name of the successor Trustee and the address of its Corporate Trust Office.

 

SECTION 6.8         Acceptance of Appointment by Successor.

 

(a)           In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee, each successor Trustee so appointed shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request of the Company or the successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder.

 



 

(b)           Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all rights, powers and trusts referred to in paragraph (a) of this Section 6.8.

 

(c)           No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and eligible under this Article VI.

 

SECTION 6.9         Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business.

 

Any Person into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto, provided that such Person shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article VI. In case any Securities shall have been authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation or as otherwise provided above in this Section 6.9 to such authenticating Trustee may adopt such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated, and in case any Securities shall not have been authenticated, any successor to the Trustee may authenticate such Securities either in the name of any predecessor Trustee or in the name of such successor Trustee, and in all cases the certificate of authentication shall have the full force which it is provided anywhere in the Securities or in this Indenture that the certificate of the Trustee shall have.

 

SECTION 6.10       Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities.

 

The recitals contained herein and in the Securities, except the Trustee’s certificates of authentication, shall be taken as the statements of the Company, and neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent assumes any responsibility for their correctness. The Trustee makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Securities. Neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent shall be accountable for the use or application by the Company of the Securities or the proceeds thereof.

 

SECTION 6.11       Appointment of Authenticating Agent.

 

(a)           The Trustee may appoint an Authenticating Agent or Agents with respect to the Securities, which shall be authorized to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities issued upon original issue and upon exchange, registration of transfer or partial redemption thereof or pursuant to Section 3.6, and Securities so authenticated shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder. Wherever reference is made in this Indenture to the authentication and delivery of Securities by the Trustee or the Trustee’s certificate of authentication, such reference shall be deemed to include authentication and delivery on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent. Each Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the Company and shall at all times be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America, or of any State or Territory thereof or the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to act as Authenticating Agent, having a combined capital and surplus of not less than

 



 

$50,000,000 and subject to supervision or examination by Federal or state authority. If such Authenticating Agent publishes reports of condition at least annually pursuant to law or to the requirements of said supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section 6.11 the combined capital and surplus of such Authenticating Agent shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time an Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section 6.11, such Authenticating Agent shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in this Section 6.11.

 

(b)           Any Person into which an Authenticating Agent may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of an Authenticating Agent shall be the successor Authenticating Agent hereunder, provided such Person shall be otherwise eligible under this Section 6.11, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent.

 

(c)           An Authenticating Agent may resign at any time by giving written notice thereof to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time terminate the agency of an Authenticating Agent by giving written notice thereof to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon receiving such a notice of resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time such Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section 6.11, the Trustee may appoint a successor Authenticating Agent eligible under the provisions of this Section 6.11, which shall be acceptable to the Company, and shall give notice of such appointment to all Holders. Any successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance of its appointment hereunder shall become vested with all the rights, powers and duties of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as an Authenticating Agent.

 

(d)           The Company agrees to pay to each Authenticating Agent from time to time reasonable compensation for its services under this Section 6.11 in such amounts as the Company and the Authenticating Agent shall agree from time to time.

 

(e)           If an appointment of an Authenticating Agent is made pursuant to this Section 6.11, the Securities may have endorsed thereon, in addition to the Trustee’s certificate of authentication, an alternative certificate of authentication in the following form:

 

This is one of the Securities referred to in the within mentioned Indenture.

 

Dated:

 

 

 

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NATIONAL
ASSOCIATION, not in its individual capacity, but
solely as Trustee

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

Authenticating Agent

 



 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

Authorized Signatory

 

ARTICLE VII

 

HOLDER’S LISTS AND REPORTS BY COMPANY

 

SECTION 7.1         Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders.

 

The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee:

 

(a)           semiannually, on or before June 30 and December 31 of each year, a list, in such form as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the Holders as of a date not more than fifteen (15) days prior to the delivery thereof, and

 

(b)           at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, within thirty (30) days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of similar form and content as of a date not more than fifteen (15) days prior to the time such list is furnished,

 

in each case to the extent such information is in the possession or control of the Company and has not otherwise been received by the Trustee in its capacity as Securities Registrar.

 

SECTION 7.2         Preservation of Information, Communications to Holders.

 

(a)           The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, the names and addresses of Holders contained in the most recent list furnished to the Trustee as provided in Section 7.1 and the names and addresses of Holders received by the Trustee in its capacity as Securities Registrar. The Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in Section 7.1 upon receipt of a new list so furnished.

 

(b)           The rights of Holders to communicate with other Holders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or under the Securities, and the corresponding rights and privileges of the Trustee, shall be as provided in the Trust Indenture Act.

 

(c)           Every Holder of Securities, by receiving and holding the same, agrees with the Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any agent of either of them shall be held accountable by reason of the disclosure of information as to the names and addresses of the Holders made pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act.

 

SECTION 7.3         Reports by Company.

 

(a)           The Company shall furnish to the Holders and to prospective purchasers of Securities, upon their request, the information required to be furnished pursuant to Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Securities Act. The delivery requirement set forth in the preceding sentence may be satisfied by compliance with Section 7.3(b) hereof.

 



 

(b)           The Company shall furnish to each of (i) the Trustee, (ii) the Holders and to subsequent holders of Securities, (iii) Taberna Capital Management, LLC, 450 Park Avenue, 23rd Floor, New York, New York 10022, Attn: Mitchell Kahn and (iv) any beneficial owner of the Securities reasonably identified to the Company (which identification may be made either by such beneficial owner or by Taberna Capital Management LLC), a duly completed and executed certificate substantially and substantively in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A, including the financial statements referenced in such Exhibit, which certificate and financial statements shall be so furnished by the Company not later than forty-five (45) days after the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year of the Company and not later than ninety (90) days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company. The delivery requirements under this Section 7.3(b) may be satisfied by compliance with Section 8.16(b) of the Trust Agreement.

 

(c)           If the Company intends to file its annual and quarterly information with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) in electronic form pursuant to Regulation S-T of the Commission using the Commission’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval (“EDGAR”) system, the Company shall notify the Trustee in the manner prescribed herein of each such annual and quarterly filing. The Trustee is hereby authorized and directed to access the EDGAR system for purposes of retrieving the financial information so filed. Compliance with the foregoing shall constitute delivery by the Company of its financial statements to the Trustee in compliance with the provisions of Section 314(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, if applicable. The Trustee shall have no duty to search for or obtain any electronic or other filings that the Company makes with the Commission, regardless of whether such filings are periodic, supplemental or otherwise. Delivery of reports, information and documents to the Trustee pursuant to this Section 7.3(c) shall be solely for purposes of compliance with this Section 7.3(c) and, if applicable, with Section 314(a) of the Trust Indenture Act. The Trustee’s receipt of such reports, information and documents shall not constitute notice to it of the content thereof or any matter determinable from the content thereof, including the Company’s compliance with any of its covenants hereunder, as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely upon Officers’ Certificates.

 

ARTICLE VIII

CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR LEASE

 

SECTION 8.1         Company May Consolidate, Etc., Only on Certain Terms.

 

The Company shall not consolidate with or merge into any other Person or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any Person, and no Person shall consolidate with or merge into the Company or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to the Company, unless:

 

(a)           if the Company shall consolidate with or merge into another Person or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any Person, the entity formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or the Person that acquires by conveyance or transfer, or that leases, the properties and assets of the Company substantially as an entirety shall be an entity organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America or any State or Territory thereof or the District of Columbia and shall expressly assume,

 



 

by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee, the due and punctual payment of the principal of and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) on all the Securities and the performance of every covenant of this Indenture on the part of the Company to be performed or observed;

 

(b)           immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Event of Default, and no event that, after notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute an Event of Default, shall have happened and be continuing; and

 

(c)           the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation, merger, conveyance, transfer or lease and, if a supplemental indenture is required in connection with such transaction, any such supplemental indenture comply with this Article VIII and that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such transaction have been complied with; and the Trustee may rely upon such Officers’ Certificate and Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that such transaction complies with this Section 8.1.

 

SECTION 8.2         Successor Company Substituted.

 

(a)           Upon any consolidation or merger by the Company with or into any other Person, or any conveyance, transfer or lease by the Company of its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any Person in accordance with Section 8.1 and the execution and delivery to the Trustee of the supplemental indenture described in Section 8.1(a), the successor entity formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or to which such conveyance, transfer or lease is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor Person had been named as the Company herein; and in the event of any such conveyance or transfer, following the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture, the Company shall be discharged from all obligations and covenants under the Indenture and the Securities.

 

(b)           Such successor Person may cause to be executed, and may issue either in its own name or in the name of the Company, any or all of the Securities issuable hereunder that theretofore shall not have been signed by the Company and delivered to the Trustee; and, upon the order of such successor Person instead of the Company and subject to all the terms, conditions and limitations in this Indenture prescribed, the Trustee shall authenticate and shall deliver any Securities that previously shall have been signed and delivered by the officers of the Company to the Trustee for authentication, and any Securities that such successor Person thereafter shall cause to be executed and delivered to the Trustee on its behalf. All the Securities so issued shall in all respects have the same legal rank and benefit under this Indenture as the Securities theretofore or thereafter issued in accordance with the terms of this Indenture.

 

(c)           In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance or lease, such changes in phraseology and form may be made in the Securities thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate to reflect such occurrence.

 



 

ARTICLE IX

 

SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

 

SECTION 9.1         Supplemental Indentures without Consent of Holders.

 

Without the consent of any Holders, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee, at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in form reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee, for any of the following purposes:

 

(a)           to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company, and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company herein and in the Securities; or

 

(b)           to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor trustee; or

 

(c)           to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provision herein that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision herein, or to make or amend any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this Indenture, which shall not be inconsistent with the other provisions of this Indenture, provided that such action pursuant to this clause (b) shall not adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any Holders or the holders of the Preferred Securities; or

 

(d)           to comply with the rules and regulations of any securities exchange or automated quotation system on which any of the Securities may be listed, traded or quoted; or

 

(e)           to add to the covenants, restrictions or obligations of the Company or to add to the Events of Default, provided that such action pursuant to this clause (c) shall not adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any Holders or the holders of the Preferred Securities; or

 

(f)            to modify, eliminate or add to any provisions of the Indenture or the Securities to such extent as shall be necessary to ensure that the Securities are treated as indebtedness of the Company for United States Federal income tax purposes, provided that such action pursuant to this clause (d) shall not adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any Holders or the holders of the Preferred Securities.

 

SECTION 9.2         Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders.

 

(a)           Subject to Section 9.1, with the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities, by Act of said Holders delivered to the Company and the Trustee, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee may enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders of Securities under this Indenture; provided that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security,

 



 

(i)            change the Stated Maturity of the principal or any premium of any Security or change the date of payment of any installment of interest (including any Additional Interest) on any Security, or reduce the principal amount thereof or the rate of interest thereon or any premium payable upon the redemption thereof or change the place of payment where, or the coin or currency in which, any Security or interest thereon is payable, or restrict or impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such date, or

 

(ii)           reduce the percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities, the consent of whose Holders is required for any such supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is required for any waiver of compliance with any provision of this Indenture or of defaults hereunder and their consequences provided for in this Indenture, or modify any of the provisions of this Section 9.2, Section 5.13 or Section 10.7, except to increase any percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities, the consent of whose Holders is required for any reason, or to provide that certain other provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the Holder of each Security;

 

provided, further, that, so long as any Preferred Securities remain outstanding, no amendment under this Section 9.2 shall be effective until the holders of a majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities shall have consented to such amendment; provided, further, that if the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security is required for any amendment under this Indenture, such amendment shall not be effective until the holder of each Outstanding Preferred Security shall have consented to such amendment.

 

(b)           It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this Section 9.2 to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.

 

SECTION 9.3         Execution of Supplemental Indentures.

 

In executing or accepting the additional trusts created by any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article IX or the modifications thereby of the trusts created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and shall be fully protected in conclusively relying upon, an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture, and that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such action have been complied with. The Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental indenture that affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties, indemnities or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise. Copies of the final form of each supplemental indenture shall be delivered by the Trustee at the expense of the Company to each Holder, and, if the Trustee is the Property Trustee, to each holder of Preferred Securities, promptly  after the execution thereof.

 

SECTION 9.4         Effect of Supplemental Indentures.

 

Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article IX, this Indenture shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental indenture shall form a part of

 



 

this Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder of Securities and every holder of Preferred Securities theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby.

 

SECTION 9.5         Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures.

 

Securities authenticated and delivered after the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article IX may, and shall if required by the Company, bear a notation in form approved by the Company as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall so determine, new Securities so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Company, to any such supplemental indenture may be prepared and executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in exchange for Outstanding Securities.

 

ARTICLE X

COVENANTS

 

SECTION 10.1       Payment of Principal, Premium, if any, and Interest.

 

The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of the Holders of the Securities that it will duly and punctually pay the principal of and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Securities in accordance with the terms of the Securities and this Indenture. As of the date of this Indenture, the Company represents that it has no present intention to exercise its right under Section 3.9 to defer payments of interest on the Securities.

 

SECTION 10.2       Money for Security Payments to be Held in Trust.

 

(a)           If the Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent with respect to the Securities, it will, on or before each due date of the principal of and any premium or interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Securities, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a sum sufficient to pay the principal and any premium or interest (including Additional Interest) so becoming due until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided, and will promptly notify the Trustee in writing of its failure so to act.

 

(b)           Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents, it will, prior to 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on each due date of the principal of or any premium or interest (including any Additional Interest) on any Securities, deposit with a Paying Agent a sum sufficient to pay such amount, such sum to be held as provided in the Trust Indenture Act and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its failure so to act.

 

(c)           The Company will cause each Paying Agent for the Securities other than the Trustee to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section 10.2, that such Paying Agent will (i) comply with the provisions of this Indenture and the Trust Indenture Act applicable to it as a Paying Agent and (ii) during the continuance of any default by the Company (or any other obligor upon the Securities) in the making of any payment in respect of the Securities, upon the

 



 

written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums held in trust by such Paying Agent for payment in respect of the Securities.

 

(d)           The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or by Company Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the same trusts as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee, such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such money.

 

(e)           Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company in trust for the payment of the principal of and any premium or interest (including any Additional Interest) on any Security and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal and any premium or interest (including Additional Interest) has become due and payable shall (unless otherwise required by mandatory provision of applicable escheat or abandoned or unclaimed property law) be paid on Company Request to the Company, or (if then held by the Company) shall (unless otherwise required by mandatory provision of applicable escheat or abandoned or unclaimed property law) be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Security shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in a newspaper published in the English language, customarily published on each Business Day and of general circulation in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than thirty (30) days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company.

 

SECTION 10.3       Statement as to Compliance.

 

The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within one hundred twenty (120) days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company ending after the date hereof, an Officers’ Certificate covering the preceding calendar year, stating whether or not to the knowledge of the signers thereof the Company is in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions of this Indenture (without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided hereunder), and if the Company shall be in default, specifying all such defaults and the nature and status thereof of which they may have knowledge. The delivery requirements of this Section 10.3 may be satisfied by compliance with Section 8.16(a) of the Trust Agreement.

 

SECTION 10.4       Calculation Agent.

 

(a)           The Company hereby agrees that for so long as any of the Securities remain Outstanding, there will at all times be an agent appointed to calculate LIBOR in respect of each Interest Payment Date in accordance with the terms of Schedule A (the “Calculation Agent”).

 



 

The Company has initially appointed the Property Trustee as Calculation Agent for purposes of determining LIBOR for each Interest Payment Date. The Calculation Agent may be removed by the Company at any time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as the Property Trustee holds any of the Securities, the Calculation Agent shall be the Property Trustee. If the Calculation Agent is unable or unwilling to act as such or is removed by the Company, the Company will promptly appoint as a replacement Calculation Agent the London office of a leading bank which is engaged in transactions in Eurodollar deposits in the international Eurodollar market and which does not control or is not controlled by or under common control with the Company or its Affiliates. The Calculation Agent may not resign its duties without a successor having been duly appointed.

 

(b)           The Calculation Agent shall be required to agree that, as soon as possible after 11:00 a.m. (London time) on each LIBOR Determination Date (as defined in Schedule A), but in no event later than 11:00 a.m. (London time) on the Business Day immediately following each LIBOR Determination Date, the Calculation Agent will calculate the interest rate (the Interest Payment shall be rounded to the nearest cent, with half a cent being rounded upwards) for the related Interest Payment Date, and will communicate such rate and amount to the Company, the Trustee, each Paying Agent and the Depositary. The Calculation Agent will also specify to the Company the quotations upon which the foregoing rates and amounts are based and, in any event, the Calculation Agent shall notify the Company before 5:00 p.m. (London time) on each LIBOR Determination Date that either:  (i) it has determined or is in the process of determining the foregoing rates and amounts or (ii) it has not determined and is not in the process of determining the foregoing rates and amounts, together with its reasons therefor. The Calculation Agent’s determination of the foregoing rates and amounts for any Interest Payment Date will (in the absence of manifest error) be final and binding upon all parties. For the sole purpose of calculating the interest rate for the Securities, “Business Day” shall be defined as any day on which dealings in deposits in Dollars are transacted in the London interbank market.

 

SECTION 10.5       Additional Tax Sums.

 

So long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, if (a) the Trust is the Holder of all of the Outstanding Securities and (b) a Tax Event described in clause (i) or (iii) in the definition of Tax Event in Section 1.1 hereof has occurred and is continuing, the Company shall pay to the Trust (and its permitted successors or assigns under the related Trust Agreement) for so long as the Trust (or its permitted successor or assignee) is the registered holder of the Outstanding Securities, such amounts as may be necessary in order that the amount of Distributions (including any Additional Interest Amount (as defined in the Trust Agreement)) then due and payable by the Trust on the Preferred Securities and Common Securities that at any time remain outstanding in accordance with the terms thereof shall not be reduced as a result of any Additional Taxes arising from such Tax Event (additional such amounts payable by the Company to the Trust, the “Additional Tax Sums”). Whenever in this Indenture or the Securities there is a reference in any context to the payment of principal of or interest on the Securities, such mention shall be deemed to include mention of the payments of the Additional Tax Sums provided for in this Section 10.5 to the extent that, in such context, Additional Tax Sums are, were or would be payable in respect thereof pursuant to the provisions of this Section 10.5 and express mention of the payment of Additional Tax Sums (if applicable) in any provisions hereof shall not be construed as excluding Additional Tax Sums in those provisions hereof where such

 



 

express mention is not made; provided that the deferral of the payment of interest pursuant to Section 3.9 on the Securities shall not defer the payment of any Additional Tax Sums that may be due and payable.

 

SECTION 10.6       Additional Covenants.

 

(a)           The Company covenants and agrees with each Holder of Securities that if an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or the Company shall have given notice of its election to begin an Extension Period with respect to the Securities or such Extension Period, or any extension thereof, shall be continuing, it shall not (i) declare or pay any dividends or distributions on, or redeem, purchase, acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any units of the Company’s limited partnership interests, (ii) vote in favor of or permit or otherwise allow any of its subsidiaries to declare or pay any dividends or distributions on, or redeem, purchase, acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to or otherwise retire, any shares of such subsidiaries preferred stock (for the avoidance of doubt, whether such preferred stock is perpetual or otherwise), or (iii) make any payment of principal of or any interest or premium, if any, on or repay, repurchase or redeem any debt securities of the Company that rank pari passu in all respects with or junior in interest to the Securities (other than (A) repurchases, redemptions or other acquisitions of units of limited partnership interests of the Company in connection with any employment contract, benefit plan or other similar arrangement with or for the benefit of any one or more employees, officers, directors or consultants, in connection with a dividend reinvestment or limited partnership interests purchase plan or in connection with the issuance of limited partnership interests of the Company (or securities convertible into or exercisable for such units of limited partnership interests) as consideration in an acquisition transaction entered into prior to the Event of Default or the applicable Extension Period, (B) as a result of an exchange or conversion of any class or series of the Company’s limited partnership interests (or any capital stock or limited partnership interests of a Subsidiary of the Company) for any class or series of the Company’s limited partnership interests or of any class or series of the Company’s indebtedness for any class or series of the Company’s limited partnership interests, (C) the purchase of fractional interests in the Company’s limited partnership interests pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such limited partnership interests or the security being converted or exchanged, (D) any declaration of a dividend in connection with any Rights Plan, the issuance of rights, limited partnership interests or other property under any Rights Plan or the redemption or repurchase of rights pursuant thereto or (E) any dividend in the form of limited partnership interests, warrants, options or other rights where the dividend limited partnership interests or the limited partnership interests issuable upon exercise of such warrants, options or other rights is the same limited partnership interests as that on which the dividend is being paid or ranks pari passu with or junior to such limited partnership interests).

 

(b)           The Company also covenants with each Holder of Securities (i) to hold, directly or indirectly, one hundred percent (100%) of the Common Securities of the Trust, provided that any permitted successor of the Company hereunder may succeed to the Company’s ownership of such Common Securities, (ii) as holder of such Common Securities, not to voluntarily dissolve, wind-up or liquidate the Trust other than (A) in connection with a distribution of the Securities to the holders of the Preferred Securities in liquidation of the Trust or (B) in connection with certain mergers, consolidations or amalgamations permitted by the Trust Agreement and (iii) to use its reasonable commercial efforts, consistent with the terms and provisions of the Trust Agreement,

 



 

to cause the Trust to continue to be taxable as a grantor trust and not as a corporation for United States Federal income tax purposes.

 

(c)           The Company also agrees to use its reasonable best efforts to meet the requirements to qualify, for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2004, and all future years, as a real estate investment trust under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

SECTION 10.7       Waiver of Covenants.

 

The Company may omit in any particular instance to comply with any covenant or condition contained in Section 10.6 if, before or after the time for such compliance, the Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities shall, by Act of such Holders, and at least a majority of the aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities then outstanding, by consent of such holders, either waive such compliance in such instance or generally waive compliance with such covenant or condition, but no such waiver shall extend to or affect such covenant or condition except to the extent so expressly waived, and, until such waiver shall become effective, the obligations of the Company in respect of any such covenant or condition shall remain in full force and effect.

 

SECTION 10.8       Treatment of Securities.

 

The Company will treat the Securities as indebtedness, and the amounts, other than payments of principal, payable in respect of the principal amount of such Securities as interest, for all U.S. federal income tax purposes. All payments in respect of the Securities will be made free and clear of U.S. withholding tax to any beneficial owner thereof that has provided an Internal Revenue Service Form W-9 or W-8BEN (or any substitute or successor form) establishing its U.S. or non-U.S. status for U.S. federal income tax purposes, or any other applicable form establishing a complete exemption from U.S. withholding tax.

 

ARTICLE XI

 

REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES

 

SECTION 11.1       Optional Redemption.

 

The Company may, at its option, on any Interest Payment Date, on or after January 30, 2011, redeem the Securities in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at a Redemption Price equal to one hundred percent (100%) of the principal amount thereof (or of the redeemed portion thereof, as applicable), together, in the case of any such redemption, with accrued and unpaid interest, including any Additional Interest, through but excluding the date fixed as the Redemption Date (the “Optional Redemption Price”).

 

SECTION 11.2       Special Event Redemption.

 

Prior to January 30, 2011, upon the occurrence and during the continuation of a Special Event, the Company may, at its option, redeem the Securities, in whole but not in part, at a Redemption Price equal to one hundred seven and one half percent (107.5%) of the principal amount thereof, together, in the case of any such redemption, with accrued interest, including

 



 

any Additional Interest, through but excluding the date fixed as the Redemption Date (the “Special Redemption Price”).

 

SECTION 11.3       Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee.

 

The election of the Company to redeem any Securities, in whole or in part, shall be evidenced by or pursuant to a Board Resolution. In case of any redemption at the election of the Company, the Company shall, not less than forty-five (45) days and not more than seventy-five (75) days prior to the Redemption Date (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), notify the Trustee and the Property Trustee under the Trust Agreement in writing of such date and of the principal amount of the Securities to be redeemed and provide the additional information required to be included in the notice or notices contemplated by Section 11.5. In the case of any redemption of Securities, in whole or in part, (a) prior to the expiration of any restriction on such redemption provided in this Indenture or the Securities or (b) pursuant to an election of the Company which is subject to a condition specified in this Indenture or the Securities, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel evidencing compliance with such restriction or condition.

 

SECTION 11.4       Selection of Securities to be Redeemed.

 

(a)           If less than all the Securities are to be redeemed, the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected and redeemed on a pro rata basis not more than sixty (60) days prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee from the Outstanding Securities not previously called for redemption, provided that the unredeemed portion of the principal amount of any Security shall be in an authorized denomination (which shall not be less than the minimum authorized denomination) for such Security.

 

(b)           The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the Securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any Securities selected for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed. For all purposes of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of Securities shall relate, in the case of any Security redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion of the principal amount of such Security that has been or is to be redeemed.

 

(c)           The provisions of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this Section 11.4 shall not apply with respect to any redemption affecting only a single Security, whether such Security is to be redeemed in whole or in part. In the case of any such redemption in part, the unredeemed portion of the principal amount of the Security shall be in an authorized denomination (which shall not be less than the minimum authorized denomination) for such Security.

 

SECTION 11.5       Notice of Redemption.

 

(a)           Notice of redemption shall be given not later than the thirtieth (30th) day, and not earlier than the sixtieth (60th) day, prior to the Redemption Date to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed, in whole or in part (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Property Trustee under the related Trust Agreement).

 



 

(b)           With respect to Securities to be redeemed, in whole or in part, each notice of redemption shall state:

 

(i)            the Redemption Date;

 

(ii)           the Redemption Price or, if the Redemption Price cannot be calculated prior to the time the notice is required to be sent, the estimate of the Redemption Price, as calculated by the Company, together with a statement that it is an estimate and that the actual Redemption Price will be calculated on the fifth Business Day prior to the Redemption Date (and if an estimate is provided, a further notice shall be sent of the actual Redemption Price on the date that such Redemption Price is calculated);

 

(iii)          if less than all Outstanding Securities are to be redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial redemption, the respective principal amounts) of the amount of and particular Securities to be redeemed;

 

(iv)          that on the Redemption Date, the Redemption Price will become due and payable upon each such Security or portion thereof, and that any interest (including any Additional Interest) on such Security or such portion, as the case may be, shall cease to accrue on and after said date; and

 

(v)           the place or places where such Securities are to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price.

 

(c)           Notice of redemption of Securities to be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the election of the Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company’s request, by the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company and shall be irrevocable. The notice if mailed in the manner provided above shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given, whether or not the Holder receives such notice. In any case, a failure to give such notice by mail or any defect in the notice to the Holder of any Security designated for redemption as a whole or in part shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the redemption of any other Security.

 

SECTION 11.6       Deposit of Redemption Price.

 

Prior to 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Redemption Date specified in the notice of redemption given as provided in Section 11.5, the Company will deposit with the Trustee or with one or more Paying Agents (or if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, the Company will segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 10.2) an amount of money sufficient to pay the Redemption Price of, and any accrued interest (including any Additional Interest) on, all the Securities (or portions thereof) that are to be redeemed on that date.

 

SECTION 11.7       Payment of Securities Called for Redemption.

 

(a)           If any notice of redemption has been given as provided in Section 11.5, the Securities or portion of Securities with respect to which such notice has been given shall become due and payable on the date and at the place or places stated in such notice at the applicable Redemption Price, together with accrued interest (including any Additional Interest) to the Redemption Date. On presentation and surrender of such Securities at a Place of Payment

 



 

specified in such notice, the Securities or the specified portions thereof shall be paid and redeemed by the Company at the applicable Redemption Price, together with accrued interest (including any Additional Interest) to the Redemption Date.

 

(b)           Upon presentation of any Security redeemed in part only, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder thereof, at the expense of the Company, a new Security or Securities, of authorized denominations, in aggregate principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the Security so presented and having the same Original Issue Date, Stated Maturity and terms.

 

(c)           If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender thereof for redemption, the principal of and any premium on such Security shall, until paid, bear interest from the Redemption Date at the rate prescribed therefor in the Security.

 

ARTICLE XII

 

SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES

 

SECTION 12.1       Securities Subordinate to Senior Debt.

 

The Company covenants and agrees, and each Holder of a Security, by its acceptance thereof, likewise covenants and agrees, that, to the extent and in the manner hereinafter set forth in this Article XII, the payment of the principal of and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) on each and all of the Securities are hereby expressly made subordinate and subject in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all Senior Debt.

 

SECTION 12.2       No Payment When Senior Debt in Default; Payment Over of Proceeds Upon Dissolution, Etc.

 

(a)           In the event and during the continuation of any default by the Company in the payment of any principal of or any premium or interest on any Senior Debt (following any grace period, if applicable) when the same becomes due and payable, whether at maturity or at a date fixed for prepayment or by declaration of acceleration or otherwise, then, upon written notice of such default to the Company by the holders of such Senior Debt or any trustee therefor, unless and until such default shall have been cured or waived or shall have ceased to exist, no direct or indirect payment (in cash, property, securities, by set-off or otherwise) shall be made or agreed to be made on account of the principal of or any premium or interest (including any Additional Interest) on any of the Securities, or in respect of any redemption, repayment, retirement, purchase or other acquisition of any of the Securities.

 

(b)           In the event of a bankruptcy, insolvency or other proceeding described in clause (d) or (e) of the definition of Event of Default (each such event, if any, herein sometimes referred to as a “Proceeding”), all Senior Debt (including any interest thereon accruing after the commencement of any such proceedings) shall first be paid in full before any payment or distribution, whether in cash, securities or other property, shall be made to any Holder of any of the Securities on account thereof. Any payment or distribution, whether in cash, securities or other property (other than securities of the Company or any other entity provided for by a plan of

 



 

reorganization or readjustment the payment of which is subordinate, at least to the extent provided in these subordination provisions with respect to the indebtedness evidenced by the Securities, to the payment of all Senior Debt at the time outstanding and to any securities issued in respect thereof under any such plan of reorganization or readjustment), which would otherwise (but for these subordination provisions) be payable or deliverable in respect of the Securities shall be paid or delivered directly to the holders of Senior Debt in accordance with the priorities then existing among such holders until all Senior Debt  (including any interest thereon accruing after the commencement of any Proceeding) shall have been paid in full.

 

(c)           In the event of any Proceeding, after payment in full of all sums owing with respect to Senior Debt, the Holders of the Securities, together with the holders of any obligations of the Company ranking on a parity with the Securities, shall be entitled to be paid from the remaining assets of the Company the amounts at the time due and owing on account of unpaid principal of and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Securities and such other obligations before any payment or other distribution, whether in cash, property or otherwise, shall be made on account of any limited partnership interests of the Company or any obligations of the Company ranking junior to the Securities and such other obligations. If, notwithstanding the foregoing, any payment or distribution of any character on any security, whether in cash, securities or other property (other than securities of the Company or any other entity provided for by a plan of reorganization or readjustment the payment of which is subordinate, at least to the extent provided in these subordination provisions with respect to the indebtedness evidenced by the Securities, to the payment of all Senior Debt at the time outstanding and to any securities issued in respect thereof under any such plan of reorganization or readjustment) shall be received by the Trustee or any Holder in contravention of any of the terms hereof and before all Senior Debt shall have been paid in full, such payment or distribution or security shall be received in trust for the benefit of, and shall be paid over or delivered and transferred to, the holders of the Senior Debt at the time outstanding in accordance with the priorities then existing among such holders for application to the payment of all Senior Debt remaining unpaid, to the extent necessary to pay all such Senior Debt (including any interest thereon accruing after the commencement of any Proceeding) in full. In the event of the failure of the Trustee or any Holder to endorse or assign any such payment, distribution or security, each holder of Senior Debt is hereby irrevocably authorized to endorse or assign the same.

 

(d)           The Trustee and the Holders, at the expense of the Company, shall take such reasonable action  (including the delivery of this Indenture to an agent for any holders of Senior Debt or consent to the filing of a financing statement with respect hereto) as may, in the opinion of counsel designated by the holders of a majority in principal amount of the Senior Debt at the time outstanding, be necessary or appropriate to assure the effectiveness of the subordination effected by these provisions.

 

(e)           The provisions of this Section 12.2 shall not impair any rights, interests, remedies or powers of any secured creditor of the Company in respect of any security interest the creation of which is not prohibited by the provisions of this Indenture.

 

(f)            The securing of any obligations of the Company, otherwise ranking on a parity with the Securities or ranking junior to the Securities, shall not be deemed to prevent such

 



 

obligations from constituting, respectively, obligations ranking on a parity with the Securities or ranking junior to the Securities.

 

SECTION 12.3       Payment Permitted If No Default.

 

Nothing contained in this Article XII or elsewhere in this Indenture or in any of the Securities shall prevent (a) the Company, at any time, except during the pendency of the conditions described in paragraph (a) of Section 12.2 or of any Proceeding referred to in Section 12.2, from making payments at any time of principal of and any premium or interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Securities or (b) the application by the Trustee of any moneys deposited with it hereunder to the payment of or on account of the principal of and any premium or interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Securities or the retention of such payment by the Holders, if, at the time of such application by the Trustee, it did not have knowledge (in accordance with Section 12.8) that such payment would have been prohibited by the provisions of this Article XII, except as provided in Section 12.8.

 

SECTION 12.4       Subrogation to Rights of Holders of Senior Debt.

 

Subject to the payment in full of all amounts due or to become due on all Senior Debt, or the provision for such payment in cash or cash equivalents or otherwise in a manner satisfactory to the holders of Senior Debt, the Holders of the Securities shall be subrogated to the extent of the payments or distributions made to the holders of such Senior Debt pursuant to the provisions of this Article XII (equally and ratably with the holders of all indebtedness of the Company that by its express terms is subordinated to Senior Debt of the Company to substantially the same extent as the Securities are subordinated to the Senior Debt and is entitled to like rights of subrogation by reason of any payments or distributions made to holders of such Senior Debt) to the rights of the holders of such Senior Debt to receive payments and distributions of cash, property and securities applicable to the Senior Debt until the principal of and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Securities shall be paid in full. For purposes of such subrogation, no payments or distributions to the holders of the Senior Debt of any cash, property or securities to which the Holders of the Securities or the Trustee would be entitled except for the provisions of this Article XII, and no payments made pursuant to the provisions of this Article XII to the holders of Senior Debt by Holders of the Securities or the Trustee, shall, as among the Company, its creditors other than holders of Senior Debt, and the Holders of the Securities, be deemed to be a payment or distribution by the Company to or on account of the Senior Debt.

 

SECTION 12.5       Provisions Solely to Define Relative Rights.

 

The provisions of this Article XII are and are intended solely for the purpose of defining the relative rights of the Holders of the Securities on the one hand and the holders of Senior Debt on the other hand. Nothing contained in this Article XII or elsewhere in this Indenture or in the Securities is intended to or shall (a) impair, as between the Company and the Holders of the Securities, the obligations of the Company, which are absolute and unconditional, to pay to the Holders of the Securities the principal of and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Securities as and when the same shall become due and payable in accordance with their terms, (b) affect the relative rights against

 



 

the Company of the Holders of the Securities and creditors of the Company other than their rights in relation to the holders of Senior Debt or (c) prevent the Trustee or the Holder of any Security (or to the extent expressly provided herein, the holder of any Preferred Security) from exercising all remedies otherwise permitted by applicable law upon default under this Indenture, including filing and voting claims in any Proceeding, subject to the rights, if any, under this Article XII of the holders of Senior Debt to receive cash, property and securities otherwise payable or deliverable to the Trustee or such Holder.

 

SECTION 12.6       Trustee to Effectuate Subordination.

 

Each Holder of a Security by his or her acceptance thereof authorizes and directs the Trustee on his or her behalf to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to acknowledge or effectuate the subordination provided in this Article XII and appoints the Trustee his or her attorney-in-fact for any and all such purposes.

 

SECTION 12.7       No Waiver of Subordination Provisions.

 

(a)           No right of any present or future holder of any Senior Debt to enforce subordination as herein provided shall at any time in any way be prejudiced or impaired by any act or failure to act on the part of the Company or by any act or failure to act, in good faith, by any such holder, or by any noncompliance by the Company with the terms, provisions and covenants of this Indenture, regardless of any knowledge thereof that any such holder may have or be otherwise charged with.

 

(b)           Without in any way limiting the generality of paragraph (a) of this Section 12.7, the holders of Senior Debt may, at any time and from to time, without the consent of or notice to the Trustee or the Holders of the Securities, without incurring responsibility to such Holders of the Securities and without impairing or releasing the subordination provided in this Article XII or the obligations hereunder of such Holders of the Securities to the holders of Senior Debt, do any one or more of the following: (i) change the manner, place or terms of payment or extend the time of payment of, or renew or alter, Senior Debt, or otherwise amend or supplement in any manner Senior Debt or any instrument evidencing the same or any agreement under which Senior Debt is outstanding, (ii) sell, exchange, release or otherwise deal with any property pledged, mortgaged or otherwise securing Senior Debt, (iii) release any Person liable in any manner for the payment of Senior Debt and (iv) exercise or refrain from exercising any rights against the Company and any other Person.

 

SECTION 12.8       Notice to Trustee.

 

(a)           The Company shall give prompt written notice to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee of any fact known to the Company that would prohibit the making of any payment to or by the Trustee in respect of the Securities. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Article XII or any other provision of this Indenture, the Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of the existence of any facts that would prohibit the making of any payment to or by the Trustee in respect of the Securities, unless and until a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have received written notice thereof from the Company or a holder of Senior Debt or from any trustee, agent or representative therefor; provided that if the Trustee shall not have received the notice

 



 

provided for in this Section 12.8 at least two Business Days prior to the date upon which by the terms hereof any monies may become payable for any purpose (including, the payment of the principal of and any premium on or interest (including any Additional Interest) on any Security), then, anything herein contained to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall have full power and authority to receive such monies and to apply the same to the purpose for which they were received and shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary that may be received by it within two Business Days prior to such date.

 

(b)           The Trustee shall be entitled to rely on the delivery to it of a written notice by a Person representing himself or herself to be a holder of Senior Debt (or a trustee, agent, representative or attorney-in-fact therefor) to establish that such notice has been given by a holder of Senior Debt (or a trustee, agent, representative or attorney-in-fact therefor). In the event that the Trustee determines in good faith that further evidence is required with respect to the right of any Person as a holder of Senior Debt to participate in any payment or distribution pursuant to this Article XII, the Trustee may request such Person to furnish evidence to the reasonable satisfaction of the Trustee as to the amount of Senior Debt held by such Person, the extent to which such Person is entitled to participate in such payment or distribution and any other facts pertinent to the rights of such Person under this Article XII, and if such evidence is not furnished, the Trustee may defer any payment to such Person pending judicial determination as to the right of such Person to receive such payment.

 

SECTION 12.9       Reliance on Judicial Order or Certificate of Liquidating Agent.

 

Upon any payment or distribution of assets of the Company referred to in this Article XII, the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon any order or decree entered by any court of competent jurisdiction in which such Proceeding is pending, or a certificate of the trustee in bankruptcy, receiver, liquidating trustee, custodian, assignee for the benefit of creditors, agent or other Person making such payment or distribution, delivered to the Trustee or to the Holders of Securities, for the purpose of ascertaining the Persons entitled to participate in such payment or distribution, the holders of the Senior Debt and other indebtedness of the Company, the amount thereof or payable thereon, the amount or amounts paid or distributed thereon and all other facts pertinent thereto or to this Article XII.

 

SECTION 12.10     Trustee Not Fiduciary for Holders of Senior Debt.

 

The Trustee, in its capacity as trustee under this Indenture, shall not be deemed to owe any fiduciary duty to the holders of Senior Debt and shall not be liable to any such holders if it shall in good faith mistakenly pay over or distribute to Holders of Securities or to the Company or to any other Person cash, property or securities to which any holders of Senior Debt shall be entitled by virtue of this Article XII or otherwise.

 

SECTION 12.11     Rights of Trustee as Holder of Senior Debt; Preservation of Trustee’s Rights.

 

The Trustee in its individual capacity shall be entitled to all the rights set forth in this Article XII with respect to any Senior Debt that may at any time be held by it, to the same extent as any other holder of Senior Debt, and nothing in this Indenture shall deprive the Trustee of any

 



 

of its rights as such holder.

 

SECTION 12.12     Article Applicable to Paying Agents.

 

If at any time any Paying Agent other than the Trustee shall have been appointed by the Company and be then acting hereunder, the term “Trustee” as used in this Article XII shall in such case (unless the context otherwise requires) be construed as extending to and including such Paying Agent within its meaning as fully for all intents and purposes as if such Paying Agent were named in this Article XII in addition to or in place of the Trustee; provided that Sections 12.8 and 12.11 shall not apply to the Company or any Affiliate of the Company if the Company or such Affiliate acts as Paying Agent.

 

****

 

This instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.

 

* * * *

 



 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written.

 

 

GKK CAPITAL LP

 

 

By:

GRAMERCY CAPITAL CORP., its general partner

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

Name: Marc Holliday

 

 

Title: President & Chief Executive Officer

 

 

68



 

 

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
as Trustee

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

Title:

 



 

Schedule A

 

DETERMINATION OF LIBOR

 

With respect to the Securities, the London interbank offered rate (“LIBOR”) shall be determined by the Calculation Agent in accordance with the following provisions (in each case rounded to the nearest .000001%):

 

(1)           On the second LIBOR Business Day (as defined below) prior to a Distribution Date after the expiration of the Fixed Rate Period (each such date, a “LIBOR Determination Date”), LIBOR for any given security shall for the following interest payment period equal the rate, as obtained by the Calculation Agent from Bloomberg Financial Markets Commodities News, for three-month Eurodollar deposits that appears on Dow Jones Telerate Page 3750 (as defined in the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. 2000 Interest Rate and Currency Exchange Definitions), or such other page as may replace such Page 3750, as of 11:00 a.m. (London time) on such LIBOR Determination Date.

 

(2)           If, on any LIBOR Determination Date, such rate does not appear on Dow Jones Telerate Page 3750 or such other page as may replace such Page 3750, the Calculation Agent shall determine the arithmetic mean of the offered quotations of the Reference Banks (as defined below) to leading banks in the London interbank market for three-month Eurodollar deposits in an amount determined by the Calculation Agent by reference to requests for quotations as of approximately 11:00 a.m. (London time) on the LIBOR Determination Date made by the Calculation Agent to the Reference Banks. If, on any LIBOR Determination Date, at least two of the Reference Banks provide such quotations, LIBOR shall equal such arithmetic mean of such quotations. If, on any LIBOR Determination Date, only one or none of the Reference Banks provide such quotations, LIBOR shall be deemed to be the arithmetic mean of the offered quotations that leading banks in the City of New York selected by the Calculation Agent are quoting on the relevant LIBOR Determination Date for three-month Eurodollar deposits in an amount determined by the Calculation Agent by reference to the principal London offices of leading banks in the London interbank market; provided that, if the Calculation Agent is required but is unable to determine a rate in accordance with at least one of the procedures provided above, LIBOR shall be LIBOR as determined on the previous LIBOR Determination Date.

 

(3)           As used herein: “Reference Banks” means four major banks in the London interbank market selected by the Calculation Agent; and “LIBOR Business Day” means a day on which commercial banks are open for business (including dealings in foreign exchange and foreign currency deposits) in London.

 

70



 

Exhibit A

 

Form of Officer’s Financial Certificate

 

The undersigned, the [Chief Financial Officer/Treasurer/Assistant Treasurer/ Secretary/ Assistant Secretary, Chairman/ViceChairman/Chief Executive Officer/President/Vice President] hereby certifies, pursuant to Section 7.3(b) of the Junior Subordinated Indenture, dated as of January 27, 2006 (the “Indenture”), among GKK Capital LP (the “Company”) and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as trustee, that, as of [date], [20    ], the Company, if applicable, and its Subsidiary had the following ratios and balances (unless otherwise indicated, capitalized terms used herein have the meaning set forth in the Indenture):

 

As of [Quarterly/Annual Financial Date], 20    

 

Senior secured indebtedness for borrowed money (“Debt”)

 

$

       

 

 

 

 

 

Senior unsecured Debt

 

$

       

 

 

 

 

 

Subordinated Debt

 

$

       

 

 

 

 

 

Total Debt

 

$

       

 

 

 

 

 

Ratio of (x) senior secured and unsecured Debt to (y) total Debt

 

       

%

 

 

[FOR FISCAL YEAR END:  Attached hereto are the audited consolidated financial statements (including the balance sheet, income statement and statement of cash flows, and notes thereto, together with the report of the independent accountants thereon) of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries for the three years ended [date], 20    .]

 

[FOR FISCAL QUARTER END:  Attached hereto are the unaudited consolidated and consolidating  financial statements (including the balance sheet and income statement) of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries for the fiscal quarter ended [date], 20     .]

 

The financial statements fairly present in all material respects, in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), the financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, and the results of operations and changes in financial condition as of the date, and for the [quarter] [annual] period ended [date], 20    , and such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP consistently applied throughout the period involved (expect as otherwise noted therein).

 



 

Exhibit A

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this Officer’s Financial Certificate as of this         day of          , 20   .

 

 

GKK CAPITAL LP

 

 

 

By:

GRAMERCY CAPITAL CORP., its general
partner

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

Title:

 

 

GKK Capital LP

 

420 Lexington Avenue

 

New York, NY 10170

 

(212) 297-1000

 


EX-21.1 5 a06-1973_1ex21d1.htm SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT

Exhibit 21.1

 

Subsidiaries of Gramercy Capital Corp.

 

ENTITY

 

JURISDICTION

GKK Capital LP

 

Delaware

GKK Trading Corp.

 

Delaware

Gramercy Investment Trust

 

Maryland

Gramercy Warehouse Funding I LLC

 

Delaware

Gramercy Warehouse Funding II LLC

 

Delaware

 


EX-23.1 6 a06-1973_1ex23d1.htm CONSENTS OF EXPERTS AND COUNSEL

Exhibit 23.1

 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements (Form S-3 No. 333-126938 and No. 333-128013) and in the related Prospectuses and the Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-121051) pertaining to the Gramercy Capital Corp. Equity Incentive Plan of our reports dated March 13, 2006 with respect to the consolidated financial statements and schedule of Gramercy Capital Corp., Gramercy Capital Corp. management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Gramercy Capital Corp., included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2005.

 

/s/ Ernst and Young LLP

 

 

New York, New York

March 13, 2006

 


EX-31.1 7 a06-1973_1ex31d1.htm 302 CERTIFICATION

Exhibit 31.1

 

CERTIFICATION

 

I, Marc Holliday, Chief Executive Officer, certify that:

 

1.                                       I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Gramercy Capital Corp. (the “registrant”);

 

2.                                       Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

3.                                       Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

4.                                       The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a 15(f) and 15(d) – 15(f) for the registrant and have:

 

(a)                                  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

(b)                                 Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

(c)                                  Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation;

 

(d)                                 Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

5.                                       The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

(a)                                  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

(b)                                 Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: March 13, 2006

 

 

 

 

/s/ Marc Holliday

 

Name:

Marc Holliday

 

Title:

Chief Executive Officer

 

 


EX-31.2 8 a06-1973_1ex31d2.htm 302 CERTIFICATION

Exhibit 31.2

 

CERTIFICATION

 

I, Robert R. Foley, Chief Financial Officer, certify that:

 

1.                                       I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Gramercy Capital Corp. (the “registrant”);

 

2.                                       Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

3.                                       Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

4.                                       The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a 15(f) and 15(d) – 15(f)for the registrant and have:

 

(a)                                  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

(a)                                  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

(c)                                  Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation;

 

(d)                                 Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

5.                                       The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

(a)                                  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

(b)                                 Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: March 13, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Robert R. Foley

 

Name:

Robert R. Foley

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 


EX-32.1 9 a06-1973_1ex32d1.htm 906 CERTIFICATION

Exhibit 32.1

 

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

 

In connection with the Annual Report of Gramercy Capital Corp. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Marc Holliday, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

 

1.                                       The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 

2.                                       The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

 

 

 

/s/ Marc Holliday

 

Name:

Marc Holliday

 

Title:

Chief Executive Officer

 

 

 

March 13, 2006

 

 


EX-32.2 10 a06-1973_1ex32d2.htm 906 CERTIFICATION

Exhibit 32.2

 

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

 

In connection with the Annual Report of Gramercy Capital Corp. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Robert R. Foley, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

 

1.                                       The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 

2.                                       The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

 

 

 

/s/ Robert R. Foley

 

Name:

Robert R. Foley

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

March 13, 2006

 

 


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