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Basis of Presentation, Consolidation, Investments in Joint Ventures, and Noncontrolling Interests
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation, Consolidation, Investments in Joint Ventures, and Noncontrolling Interests Basis of Presentation, Consolidation, Investments in Joint Ventures, and Noncontrolling Interests
 
We have prepared the accompanying unaudited financial statements pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission.  Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) may have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although management believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the presentation not misleading.  The unaudited financial statements as of September 30, 2020 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary in the opinion of management to present fairly the financial information set forth therein.  The consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in the combined Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Parent Company and the Operating Partnership for the year ended December 31, 2019. 

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and revenues and expenses during the reported period.  Actual results could differ from these estimates.  The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected on an annual basis.
 
Components of Investment Properties
  
The composition of the Company’s investment properties as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was as follows:
Balance at
September 30,
2020
December 31,
2019
Investment properties, at cost:  
Land, buildings and improvements$3,048,503 $3,038,412 
Furniture, equipment and other7,026 7,775 
Construction in progress27,624 41,204 
 $3,083,153 $3,087,391 

Components of Rental Income including Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts

The Company recognized the following lease rental income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020201920202019
Fixed Contractual Lease Payments - Operating Leases54,301 58,828 164,219 188,021 
Variable Lease Payments - Operating Leases12,824 14,022 38,244 44,650 
Bad Debt Reserve(3,136)(892)(9,760)(2,338)
Straight-Line Rent Adjustment256 939 1,001 2,561 
Straight-Line Rent Reserve for Uncollectability(507)(1,153)(4,264)(1,153)
Amortization of In-Place Lease Liabilities, net555 829 1,919 2,985 
Total64,293 72,573 191,359 234,726 

The Company must make estimates as to the collectability of its accounts receivable. In making these estimates, the Company reviews a variety of qualitative and quantitative data to make a subjective determination. An allowance for uncollectible accounts, including future credit losses of the accrued straight-line rent receivables, is maintained for estimated losses resulting from the inability of certain tenants to meet contractual obligations under their lease agreements.

Consolidation and Investments in Joint Ventures
 
The accompanying financial statements are presented on a consolidated basis and include all accounts of the Parent Company, the Operating Partnership, the taxable REIT subsidiary of the Operating Partnership, subsidiaries of the Operating Partnership that are controlled and any variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which the Operating Partnership is the primary beneficiary.  In general, a VIE is a corporation, partnership, trust or any other legal structure used for business purposes that either (a) has equity investors that do not provide sufficient financial resources for the entity to support its activities, (b) does not have equity investors with voting rights or (c) has equity investors whose votes are disproportionate from their economics and substantially all of the activities are conducted on behalf of the investor with disproportionately fewer voting rights.   

The Operating Partnership accounts for properties that are owned by joint ventures in accordance with the consolidation guidance.  The Operating Partnership evaluates each joint venture and determines first whether to follow the VIE or the voting interest entity ("VOE") model. Once the appropriate consolidation model is identified, the Operating Partnership then evaluates whether it should consolidate the joint venture. Under the VIE model, the Operating Partnership consolidates an entity when it has (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE. Under the VOE model, the Operating Partnership consolidates an entity when (i) it controls the entity through ownership of a majority voting interest if the entity is not a limited partnership or (ii) it controls the entity through its ability to remove the other partners or owners in the entity, at its discretion, when the entity is a limited partnership.
 
In determining whether to consolidate a VIE with the Operating Partnership, we consider all relationships between the Operating Partnership and the applicable VIE, including development agreements, management agreements and other contractual arrangements, in determining whether we have the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly affect the VIE's performance.  As of September 30, 2020, we owned investments in two consolidated joint ventures that were VIEs in which the partners did not have substantive participating rights and we were the primary beneficiary.  As of this date,
these VIEs had total debt of $55.3 million, which were secured by assets of the VIEs totaling $114.2 million.  The Operating Partnership guarantees the debts of these VIEs.

The Operating Partnership is considered a VIE as the limited partners do not hold kick-out rights or substantive participating rights. The Parent Company consolidates the Operating Partnership as it is the primary beneficiary in accordance with the VIE model.

Glendale Multifamily Joint Venture

In May 2020, the Company formed a joint venture for the planned development of a multifamily project adjacent to our Glendale Town Center retail property. The Company contributed land to the joint venture valued at $1.6 million and retained a 12% interest in the joint venture. The Company's partner will serve as the operating member responsible for day-to-day management. Both members have substantive participating rights over major decisions that impact the economics and operations of the joint venture. The Company is accounting for the joint venture on the equity method as it has the ability to exercise influence but not control over operating and financial policies.

Income Taxes and REIT Compliance

Parent Company

The Parent Company, which is considered a corporation for federal income tax purposes, has been organized and intends to continue to operate in a manner that will enable it to maintain its qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. As a result, it generally will not be subject to federal income tax on the earnings that it distributes to the extent it distributes its “REIT taxable income” (determined before the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains) to shareholders of the Parent Company and meets certain other requirements on a recurring basis. To the extent that it satisfies this distribution requirement, but distributes less than 100% of its taxable income, it will be subject to federal corporate income tax on its undistributed REIT taxable income. REITs are subject to a number of organizational and operational requirements. If the Parent Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, it will be subject to federal income tax on its taxable income at regular corporate rates for a period of four years following the year in which qualification is lost. We may also be subject to certain federal, state and local taxes on our income and property and to federal income and excise taxes on our undistributed taxable income even if the Parent Company does qualify as a REIT. The Operating Partnership intends to continue to make distributions to the Parent Company in amounts sufficient to assist the Parent Company in adhering to REIT requirements and maintaining its REIT status.

We have elected to treat Kite Realty Holdings, LLC as a taxable REIT subsidiary of the Operating Partnership, and we may elect to treat other subsidiaries as taxable REIT subsidiaries in the future. This election enables us to receive income and provide services that would otherwise be impermissible for a REIT. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are established for temporary differences between the financial reporting bases and the tax bases of assets and liabilities at the tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.

Operating Partnership

The allocated share of income and loss, other than the operations of our taxable REIT subsidiary, is included in the income tax returns of the Operating Partnership's partners. Accordingly, the only federal income taxes included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements are in connection with the Operating Partnership's taxable REIT subsidiary.

Noncontrolling Interests

We report the non-redeemable noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries as equity, and the amount of consolidated net income attributable to these noncontrolling interests is set forth separately in the consolidated financial statements.  The non-redeemable noncontrolling interests in consolidated properties for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:
 20202019
Noncontrolling interests balance January 1$698 $698 
Net income allocable to noncontrolling interests,
  excluding redeemable noncontrolling interests
— — 
Noncontrolling interests balance at September 30$698 $698 



Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests - Limited Partners

Limited Partner Units are redeemable noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership. We classify redeemable noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets outside of permanent equity because we may be required to pay cash to holders of Limited Partner Units upon redemption of their interests in the Operating Partnership or deliver registered shares upon their conversion.  The carrying amount of the redeemable noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership is reflected at the greater of historical book value or redemption value with a corresponding adjustment to additional paid-in capital. At September 30, 2020, the redemption value of the redeemable noncontrolling interests did not exceed the historical book value, and the balance was accordingly adjusted to historical book value. At December 31, 2019, the redemption value of the redeemable noncontrolling interests exceeded the historical book value, and the balance was accordingly adjusted to redemption value.
  
We allocate net operating results of the Operating Partnership after noncontrolling interests in the consolidated properties based on the partners’ respective weighted average ownership interest.  We adjust the redeemable noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership at the end of each reporting period to reflect their interests in the Operating Partnership or redemption value.  This adjustment is reflected in our shareholders’ and Parent Company's equity.  For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the weighted average interests of the Parent Company and the limited partners in the Operating Partnership were as follows:
 
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 2020201920202019
Parent Company’s weighted average interest in Operating Partnership97.4 %97.5 %97.4 %97.6 %
Limited partners' weighted average interests in Operating Partnership 2.6 %2.5 %2.6 %2.4 %
 
At September 30, 2020, the Parent Company's interest and the limited partners' redeemable noncontrolling ownership interests in the Operating Partnership were 97.4% and 2.6%. At December 31, 2019, the Parent Company's interest and the limited partners' redeemable noncontrolling ownership interests in the Operating Partnership were 97.5% and 2.5%.
 
Concurrent with the Parent Company’s initial public offering and related formation transactions, certain individuals received Limited Partner Units of the Operating Partnership in exchange for their interests in certain properties. The limited partners have the right to redeem Limited Partner Units for cash or, at the Parent Company's election, common shares of the Parent Company in an amount equal to the market value of an equivalent number of common shares of the Parent Company at the time of redemption. Such common shares must be registered, which is not fully in the Parent Company’s control. Therefore, the limited partners’ interest is not reflected in permanent equity. The Parent Company also has the right to redeem the Limited Partner Units directly from the limited partner in exchange for either cash in the amount specified above or a number of its common shares equal to the number of Limited Partner Units being redeemed.
 
There were 2,234,991 and 2,110,037 Limited Partner Units outstanding as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The increase in Limited Partner Units outstanding from December 31, 2019 is due to non-cash compensation awards made to our executive officers in the form of Limited Partner Units.

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests - Subsidiaries
  
Prior to the merger with Inland Diversified Real Estate Trust, Inc. ("Inland Diversified") in 2014, Inland Diversified formed joint ventures with the previous owners of certain properties and issued Class B units in three joint ventures that
indirectly own those properties.  The Class B units related to one of these three joint ventures remain outstanding and are accounted for as noncontrolling interests in the remaining venture.  The remaining Class B units will become redeemable at the respective partner's election in October 2022 and the fulfillment of certain redemption criteria.  Beginning in November 2022, the Class B units can be redeemed at the election of either of our partner or us for cash or Limited Partner Units in the Operating Partnership.  The Class B units do not have a maturity date, and none are mandatorily redeemable unless either party has elected for the units to be redeemed. We consolidate this joint venture because we control the decision making and our joint venture partner has limited protective rights.

We classify the redeemable noncontrolling interests in certain subsidiaries in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets outside of permanent equity because, under certain circumstances, we may be required to pay cash to Class B unitholders in specific subsidiaries upon redemption of their interests.  The carrying amount of these redeemable noncontrolling interests is required to be reflected at the greater of initial book value or redemption value with a corresponding adjustment to additional paid-in capital. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the redemption amounts of these interests did not exceed their fair value, nor did they exceed the initial book value.  

The redeemable noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership and subsidiaries for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:
 20202019
Redeemable noncontrolling interests balance January 1$52,574 $45,743 
Net income allocable to redeemable noncontrolling interests148 (10)
Distributions declared to redeemable noncontrolling interests(1,222)(2,388)
Other, net including adjustments to redemption value(7,060)2,038 
Total limited partners' interests in Operating Partnership and other redeemable noncontrolling interests balance at September 30$44,440 $45,383 
Limited partners' interests in Operating Partnership$34,370 $35,313 
Other redeemable noncontrolling interests in certain subsidiaries10,070 10,070 
Total limited partners' interests in Operating Partnership and other redeemable noncontrolling interests balance at September 30$44,440 $45,383 


Fair Value Measurements
  
We follow the framework established under accounting standard FASB ASC 820 for measuring fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities that are not required or permitted to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis but only in certain circumstances, such as a business combination or upon determination of an impairment.

Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets are categorized based on the inputs to the valuation techniques as follows:

Level 1 fair value inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments to which we have access.

Level 2 fair value inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for similar instruments, either directly or indirectly, and appropriately consider counterparty creditworthiness in the valuations.

Level 3 fair value inputs reflect our best estimate of inputs and assumptions market participants would use in pricing an instrument at the measurement date. The inputs are unobservable in the market and significant to the valuation estimate. 

In instances where the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
  
Adoption of New Standards

    In the first quarter of 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848). ASU 2020-04 contains practical expedients for reference rate reform related activities that impact debt, leases, derivatives and other contracts. The guidance in ASU 2020-04 is optional and may be elected over time as reference rate reform activities occur. During the first quarter of 2020, the Company has elected to apply the hedge accounting expedients related to probability and the assessments of effectiveness for future LIBOR-indexed cash flows to assume that the index upon which future hedged transactions will be based matches the index on the corresponding derivatives. Application of these expedients preserves the presentation of derivatives consistent with past presentation. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of the guidance and may apply other elections as applicable as additional changes in the market occur.

On January 1, 2020, we adopted ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses," which introduced new guidance for an approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments. It also modified the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities and provides a simplified accounting model for purchased financial assets with credit deterioration since their origination. Instruments in scope include loans, held-to-maturity debt securities, and net investments in leases as well as reinsurance and trade receivables. In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, which clarifies that operating lease receivables are outside the scope of the new standard. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In April 2020, the FASB issued a question-and-answer document focused on the application of lease accounting guidance to lease concessions provided as a result of COVID-19. Under Topic 842, Leases, the Company would have to evaluate, on a lease by lease basis, if a lease concession was the result of a new arrangement reached with the tenant or if a lease concession was under the enforceable rights and obligations within the existing lease agreement. The FASB clarified that entities may elect to not evaluate whether lease-related relief that lessors provide to mitigate the economic effects of COVID-19 is a lease modification. The Company made this election to evaluate COVID-related lease modifications on a disaggregated basis, with such election applied consistently to leases with similar characteristics and similar circumstances.

The Company entered into rent deferral agreements during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 that provided for legally due rent to be paid back over a period of time, typically twelve to eighteen months. The Company has deferred the payment by tenants of $5.6 million of contractually due rental income that remains outstanding as of September 30, 2020.

The future impact of such modifications is dependent upon the extent of lease concessions granted to tenants as a result of COVID-19 in future periods and the elections made by the Company at the time of entering into such concessions. There was not a material amount of rent abatement provided to tenants as a result of COVID-19 during the third quarter.