10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

þ	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024
Or
o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the transition period from_____to _____

Commission file number: 001-34822

ClearPoint Neuro, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Delaware	58-2394628
(State or Other Jurisdiction	(IRS Employer
of Incorporation or Organization)	Identification Number)

120 S. Sierra Ave., Suite 100
Solana Beach, California	92075
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	(Zip Code)

(888) 287-9109

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share	CLPT	Nasdaq Capital Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. þ Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files.) þ Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer o	Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer þ	Smaller reporting company þ
	Emerging growth company o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). o Yes þ No

As of May 1, 2024, there were 27,420,327 shares of common stock outstanding.

CLEARPOINT NEURO, INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page Number
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION		1
Item 1.	Financial Statements (unaudited)	1
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023	1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023	4
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	5
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	17
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	23
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	23
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	24
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	24
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	24
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	24
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	24
Item 5.	Other Information	24
Item 6.	Exhibits	25
SIGNATURES		26

Trademarks, Trade Names and Service Marks

ClearPoint Neuro®, ClearPoint®, SmartFlow®, SmartFrame®, SmartGrid®, Inflexion™, SmartTwist™, SmartTip™, ClearPoint Maestro®, SmartFrame Array®, SmartFrame OR™, ClearPoint Neuro Orchestra™, ClearPoint Prism®, SmartFlow Flex™, ClearPointer™, When Your Path is Unclear, We Point The Way®, and MRI Interventions® are all trademarks of ClearPoint Neuro, Inc. Any other trademarks, trade names or service marks referred to in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Quarterly Report”) are the property of their respective owners.

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report contains “forward-looking statements” as defined under the U.S. federal securities laws. The forward-looking statements relate to our expectations for performance, revenues and costs, and the adequacy of cash and cash equivalent balances and short-term investments to support operations and meet future obligations. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements, expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.

In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts,” “projects,” “should,” “will,” “would,” and similar expressions intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words. Although we believe that we have a reasonable basis for each forward-looking statement contained in this Quarterly Report, we caution you that these statements are based on a combination of facts and factors currently known by us and our projections of the future, about which we cannot be certain.

In evaluating forward-looking statements, you should refer to (i) the section titled “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, which we filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 12, 2024 (the “2023 Form 10-K”), (ii) Item 2 of this Quarterly Report, under the heading "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations -- Factors Which May Influence Future Results of Operations" and (iii) Part II, Item 1.A of this Quarterly Report. As a result of these risk factors, we cannot assure you that the forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report will prove to be accurate. Furthermore, if our forward-looking statements prove to be inaccurate, the inaccuracy may be material. In light of the significant uncertainties in these forward-looking statements, you should not regard these statements as a representation or warranty by us or any other person that we will achieve our objectives and plans in any specified time frame, or at all. We do not undertake to update any of the forward-looking statements after the date of this Quarterly Report, except to the extent required by applicable securities laws.

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CLEARPOINT NEURO, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except for share and per share data)

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	35,353	$	23,140
Accounts receivable, net	2,511		3,211
Inventory, net	7,960		7,911
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1,746		1,910
Total current assets	47,570		36,172
Property and equipment, net	1,347		1,389
Operating lease, right-of-use assets	3,447		3,564
Software license inventory	237		386
Licensing rights	887		1,041
Other assets	149		109
Total assets	$	53,637	$	42,661
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	844	$	393
Accrued compensation	1,634		2,947
Other accrued liabilities	986		1,053
Operating lease liabilities, current portion	497		424
Deferred product and service revenue, current portion	1,232		2,613
2020 senior secured convertible note payable, net	9,964		—
Total current liabilities	15,157		7,430
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	3,438		3,568
Deferred product and service revenue, net of current portion	458		541
2020 senior secured convertible note payable, net	—		9,949
Total liabilities	19,053		21,488
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 25,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023	—		—
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 90,000,000 shares authorized at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023; 27,416,345 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024; and 24,652,729 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023	274		247
Additional paid-in capital	210,912		193,382
Accumulated deficit	(176,602)		(172,456)
Total stockholders’ equity	34,584		21,173
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	53,637	$	42,661

See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

1

CLEARPOINT NEURO, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except for share and per share data)

	For The Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Revenue:
Product revenue	$	3,635	$	2,630
Service and other revenue	4,004		2,803
Total revenue	7,639		5,433
Cost of revenue	3,114		2,231
Gross profit	4,525		3,202
Research and development costs	2,625		3,023
Sales and marketing expenses	3,290		2,933
General and administrative expenses	2,841		2,958
Operating loss	(4,231)		(5,712)
Other expense:
Other expense, net	(26)		(11)
Interest income, net	111		114
Net loss	$	(4,146)	$	(5,609)
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic and diluted	$	(0.16)	$	(0.23)
Weighted average shares used in computing net loss per share:
Basic and diluted	25,452,096		24,583,163

See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

2

CLEARPOINT NEURO, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)

For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Total
	Shares	Amount
Balances, January 1, 2024	24,652,729	$	247	$	193,382	$	(172,456)	$	21,173
Issuances of common stock:
Public offering of common stock	2,653,848	26		16,157		—		16,183
Share-based compensation	126,315	1		1,503		—		1,504
Option exercises	7,500	—		21		—		21
Payments for taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards	(24,047)	—		(151)		—		(151)
Net loss for the period	—	—		—		(4,146)		(4,146)
Balances, March 31, 2024	27,416,345	$	274	$	210,912	$	(176,602)	$	34,584

For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Total
	Shares	Amount
Balances, January 1, 2023	24,578,983	$	246	$	187,008	$	(150,367)	$	36,887
Issuances of common stock:
Share-based compensation	3,782	—		1,307		—		1,307
Payments for taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards	(514)	—		(5)		—		(5)
Net loss for the period	—	—		—		(5,609)		(5,609)
Balances, March 31, 2023	24,582,251	$	246	$	188,310	$	(155,976)	$	32,580

See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

3

CLEARPOINT NEURO, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)

	For The Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(4,146)	$	(5,609)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash flows from operating activities:
Allowance for credit losses (recoveries)	(146)		171
Depreciation and amortization	243		129
Share-based compensation	1,504		1,307
Amortization of debt issuance costs and original issue discounts	15		14
Amortization of lease right-of-use, net of accretion in lease liabilities	231		142
Accretion of discounts on short-term investments	—		(69)
Increase (decrease) in cash resulting from changes in:
Accounts receivable	846		(184)
Inventory, net	53		(578)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	165		(42)
Other assets	(39)		—
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(931)		(959)
Lease liabilities	(171)		(146)
Deferred revenue	(1,464)		144
Net cash flows from operating activities	(3,840)		(5,680)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	—		(138)
Net cash flows from investing activities	—		(138)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from public offering of common stock, net of offering costs	16,183		—
Proceeds from stock option exercises	21		—
Payments for taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards	(151)		(5)
Net cash flows from financing activities	16,053		(5)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	12,213		(5,823)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	23,140		27,615
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	35,353	$	21,792
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash paid for:
Income taxes	$	—	$	—
Interest	$	185	$	179

See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

4

ClearPoint Neuro, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

1. Description of the Business and Financial Condition

ClearPoint Neuro, Inc. (the “Company”) is a commercial-stage medical device company focused on the development and commercialization of innovative platforms for performing minimally invasive surgical procedures in the brain. From the Company’s inception in 1998, the Company has deployed significant resources to fund its efforts to develop the capabilities for enabling neurosurgery interventions, building an intellectual property portfolio, and identifying and building out commercial applications for the technologies it develops. In 2021, the Company’s efforts expanded beyond the MRI suite to encompass development and commercialization of new neurosurgical device products for the operating room setting. In 2022, the Company commercialized the ClearPoint Prism Neuro Laser Therapy System as its first therapy product offering. The Company has exclusive global commercialization rights to the ClearPoint Prism Neuro Laser Therapy System through its Swedish partner, Clinical Laserthermia Systems ("CLS").

Since 2021, a growing part of the Company’s revenue is derived from consulting services to pharmaceutical and biotech companies, academic institutions, and contract research organizations having a focus on biologics and drug delivery. The Company’s services include protocol consultation and solutions for pre-clinical study design and execution for the delivery of pharmaceutical agents to the brain. Currently, the Company has more than 50 biologics and drug delivery customers who are evaluating or using its products and services in trials to inject gene and cell therapies directly into the brain. These relationships involve drug development programs that are at various stages of development ranging from preclinical research to late-stage regulatory trials for multiple distinct disease states. This part of the Company’s business potentially represents the largest opportunity for growth; however, the Company’s ability to grow in this market is dependent on its ability to maintain and establish new relationships with customers, such customers' continuation of research and product development plans, and such customers' achievement of success in completion of clinical trials and subsequent regulatory approvals of their biologics and drugs.

Macroeconomic Trends

The Company continues to monitor the impact of various macroeconomic trends, such as global economic and supply chain disruptions, geopolitical instability (including instability resulting from military conflicts), labor shortages, and inflationary conditions. Impacts from inflationary pressures, such as increasing costs for research and development of the Company's products, administrative and other costs of doing business, and the Company's access to capital markets and other sources of funding in the future could adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, these trends could adversely affect the Company's customers, which could impact their willingness to spend on the Company's products and services, or their ability to make payment, which could harm the Company's collection of accounts receivable and financial results. The continued development and fluidity of these situations preclude any prediction as to the ultimate impact they will have on the Company's business, financial condition, results of operation and cash flows.

Liquidity

The Company has incurred net losses since its inception, which has resulted in a cumulative deficit at March 31, 2024 of $176.6 million. In addition, the Company’s use of cash from operations amounted to $3.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and $13.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. Since its inception, the Company has financed its operations principally from the sale of equity securities and the issuance of notes payable, however, there is no assurance such sale of equity securities and/or issuance of notes payable will be at terms favorable to the Company or available at all in the future. As required by generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. ("GAAP"), the Company has evaluated its ability to continue as a going concern and has determined that based on current forecasts, existing cash and cash equivalent balances at March 31, 2024 are sufficient to support the Company's operations and meet its obligations for at least the next twelve months.

In March 2024, the Company completed a public offering of 2,653,848 shares of its common stock from which the net proceeds totaled approximately $16.2 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions, and other offering expenses paid by the Company. See Note 8 below for additional information with respect to the common stock offering.

5

ClearPoint Neuro, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

In 2020, pursuant to the terms of a Securities Purchase Agreement (the "SPA"), the Company issued secured convertible notes to two investors which raised gross proceeds of $25 million, of which $15 million has been converted to common stock and $10 million remains outstanding (the "Outstanding First Closing Note"). See Note 6 below for additional information with respect to these notes.

2. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Use of Estimates

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a basis consistent with the Company’s December 31, 2023 audited consolidated financial statements, and include all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, necessary to fairly state the information set forth therein. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with SEC rules for interim financial information, and, therefore, omit certain information and footnote disclosures necessary to present such statements in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and the related disclosures at the date of the financial statements and during the reporting period. Actual results could materially differ from these estimates. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s 2023 Form 10-K. The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all information and footnotes required by GAAP for a complete set of financial statements. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024, may not be indicative of the results to be expected for the entire year or any future periods.

Inventory

Inventory is carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The costs of inventory are determined using the standard cost method, which approximates actual cost based on a first-in, first-out method. Items in inventory relate predominantly to the Company’s ClearPoint system and related disposables. Software license inventory related to ClearPoint systems undergoing on-site customer evaluation is included in inventory in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. All other software license inventory is classified as a non-current asset. The Company periodically reviews its inventory for excess and obsolete items and provides a reserve upon identification of potentially excess or obsolete items.

Intangible Assets

The Company is a party to a license agreement that provides rights to the Company for the development and commercialization of products. Under the terms of the license agreement, the Company made payments to the licensor upon execution of the license agreement for access to the underlying technology, and future payments will be based upon achievement of regulatory and commercialization milestones as defined in the license agreement. In 2022, the Company made a payment to the licensor for the achievement of a regulatory milestone, which acts as a prepayment for future royalties.

In conformity with Accounting Standards Codification Section (ASC) 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other,” the Company amortizes the payments related to the license rights described above over an expected useful life of up to five years, or as commercial sales occur for the royalty prepayment. In addition, the Company periodically evaluates the recoverability of its investment in the license rights and records an impairment charge in the event such evaluation indicates that the Company’s investment is not likely to be recovered.

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s revenue is comprised primarily of: (1) product revenue resulting from the sale of functional neurosurgery, navigation, therapy, and biologics and drug delivery disposable products; (2) product revenue resulting from the sale of ClearPoint capital equipment and software; (3) consultation revenue and clinical case support revenue

6

ClearPoint Neuro, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

in connection with customer-sponsored preclinical and clinical trials; (4) license revenue for the granting of licenses to develop and commercialize the Company's SmartFlow Cannula devices with the Company's customers' proprietary biologics as a combination product, and (5) revenue resulting from the service, installation, training, and shipping related to ClearPoint capital equipment and software. The Company recognizes revenue when (i) control of the Company’s products is transferred to its customers or (ii) services are provided to customers, each in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive from its customers in exchange for those products and services, in a process that involves identifying the contract with a customer, identifying the performance obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the distinct performance obligations in the contract, and recognizing revenue when or as the performance obligations have been satisfied. A performance obligation is considered distinct from other obligations in a contract when it provides a benefit to the customer either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer and is separately identified in the contract. When a contract calls for the satisfaction of multiple performance obligations for a single contract price, the Company typically allocates the contract price among the performance obligations based on the relative stand-alone selling prices for each such performance obligation customarily charged by the Company. The Company considers a performance obligation satisfied once it has transferred control of a good or service to the customer, meaning the customer has the ability to use and obtain the benefit of the good or service. The Company recognizes revenue for satisfied performance obligations only when it determines there are no uncertainties regarding payment terms or transfer of control.

Lines of Business; Timing of Revenue Recognition

•Functional neurosurgery navigation product, biologics and drug delivery systems product, and therapy product sales: Revenue from the sale of functional neurosurgery navigation products (consisting of disposable products sold commercially and related to cases utilizing the Company's ClearPoint system), biologics and drug delivery products (consisting primarily of disposable products related to customer-sponsored clinical trials utilizing the ClearPoint system), and therapy products (consisting primarily of disposable laser-related products used in neurosurgical procedures) is generally based on customer purchase orders, the predominance of which require delivery within one week of the order having been placed, and is generally recognized at the point in time of shipping to the customer, which is the point at which legal title, and risks and rewards of ownership, transfer to the customer. For certain customers, legal title and risks and rewards of ownership transfer upon delivery to the customer as stated in their respective contracts, in which case revenue is recognized upon delivery.

•Capital equipment and software sales:

◦Capital equipment and software sales preceded by evaluation periods: The predominance of capital equipment and software sales (consisting of integrated computer hardware and software that are integral components of the Company's ClearPoint system) are preceded by customer evaluation periods. During these evaluation periods, installation of, and training of customer personnel on, the systems have been completed and the systems have been in operation. Accordingly, revenue from capital equipment and software sales following such evaluation periods is recognized at the point in time that the Company is in receipt of an executed purchase agreement or purchase order.

◦Capital equipment and software sales not preceded by evaluation periods: Revenue from sales of capital equipment and software not having been preceded by an evaluation period is recognized upon delivery to the customer and installation. For capital equipment that does not require installation, revenue is recognized upon shipment; however, for those customers where legal title and risks and rewards of ownership transfer upon delivery, revenue is recognized at such time.

For both types of capital equipment and software sales described above, the determination of the point in time at which to recognize revenue represents that point at which the customer has legal title, physical possession, and the risks and rewards of ownership, and the Company has a present right to payment.

7

ClearPoint Neuro, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

•Functional neurosurgery navigation and therapy services: The Company recognizes revenue for such services over time as the services are delivered to the customer based on the extent of progress towards completion of the performance obligation.

•Biologics and drug delivery services and other revenue:

◦Consultation Services: The Company recognizes consultation revenue over time as the services are delivered to the customer based on the extent of progress towards completion of the performance obligation. The Company may use output methods, such as time elapsed, or input methods, such as labor hours expended or costs incurred, to measure progress depending on which better depicts the transfer of control to the customer.

◦Clinical Service Access Fees: For contracts in which the Company receives a periodic fixed fee, irrespective of the number of cases attended by the Company's personnel or hours incurred during such periods, revenue is recognized ratably over the period covered by such fees. A time-elapsed output method is used for such fees because the Company transfers control evenly by providing a stand-ready service.

◦Clinical Service Procedure-Based Fees: The Company recognizes revenue at the point in time a case is attended by Company personnel.

◦License fees: License fees represent the use of functional intellectual property as it exists at the point in time at which the license is granted and does not require any significant development or customization. Accordingly, the Company recognizes license revenue at the point in time in which the license becomes effective and the intellectual property is made available to the customer.

◦Milestone fees: Event-based payments which are subject to the customer's achievement of specified development or regulatory milestones are included in the transaction price if, in the Company's judgment, it is probable that these milestones will be achieved and a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur. The Company re-evaluates the probability of achievement of such milestones at the end of each reporting period and adjusts the transaction price as necessary.

•Capital equipment-related services:

◦Equipment service: Revenue from service of ClearPoint capital equipment and software previously sold to customers is based on agreements with terms ranging from one to three years and is recognized ratably on a monthly basis over the term of the service agreement. A time-elapsed output method is used for service revenue because the Company transfers control evenly by providing a stand-ready service.

The Company may also enter into contracts with customers who own ClearPoint capital equipment, which bundle maintenance and support services and access to software and hardware upgrades made commercially available over the term of the contract, for a single contract price, typically paid on an annual basis. The Company allocates the contract price among the performance obligations based on the relative stand-alone prices for each such performance obligation and recognizes the revenue ratably on a monthly basis. A time-elapsed output method is used as the Company is providing a stand-ready service for each of the performance obligations.

◦Installation, training and shipping: Consistent with the Company’s recognition of revenue for capital equipment and software sales as described above, fees for installation, training and shipping in connection with sales of capital equipment and software that have been preceded by customer evaluation periods are recognized as revenue at the point in time the Company is in receipt of an executed purchase order for the equipment and software. Installation, training and shipping fees related to capital equipment and software sales not having been preceded by an evaluation period are recognized as revenue concurrent with the recognition of revenue from sales of the related capital equipment.

The Company operates in one industry segment, and the predominance of its sales are to U.S.-based customers.

8

ClearPoint Neuro, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Payment terms under contracts with customers generally are in a range of 30-60 days after the customers’ receipt of the Company’s invoices.

The Company’s terms and conditions do not provide for a right of return unless for: (a) product defects; or (b) other conditions subject to the Company’s approval.

See Note 3 for additional information regarding revenue recognition.

Net Loss Per Share

The Company computes net loss per share using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Basic and diluted net loss per share are the same because the conversion, exercise or issuance of all potential common stock equivalents, which comprise the Company’s outstanding common stock options and unvested restricted stock units, as described in Note 8, and the potential conversion of the Outstanding First Closing Note, as described in Note 6, would be anti-dilutive, due to the reporting of a net loss for each of the periods in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Concentration Risks and Other Risks and Uncertainties

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company may at times invest its excess cash in interest bearing accounts and U.S. government debt securities. It classifies all highly liquid investments with original stated maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase as cash equivalents and all highly liquid investments with stated maturities of greater than three months but less than twelve months as short-term investments.

The Company holds the remainder of its cash and cash equivalents on deposit with financial institutions in the U.S. insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. At March 31, 2024, the Company had approximately $0.1 million in bank balances that were in excess of the insured limits.

At March 31, 2024, there was one customer whose accounts receivable balance represented 16% of accounts receivable at that date. At December 31, 2023, there were four customers whose accounts receivable balances represented 28%, 26%, 16%, and 10% of accounts receivable at that date.

One pharmaceutical customer, a related party who is a stockholder, a noteholder, and whose chief executive officer is a representative on the Company's Board of Directors (see Note 6), for whom the Company provides hardware, software, clinical services and market development services in support of the customer's clinical trials, and from whom the Company earns a quarterly fee, accounted for 9% and 13% of total sales in the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. There were two additional customers, both of whom comprised 14% of the total sales in the three-month period ended March 31, 2024.

Prior to granting credit to a customer, the Company generally performs credit evaluations of the customers’ financial condition. In general, the Company does not require collateral from customers in connection with an extension of credit. The accounts receivable balance is reduced by an allowance for credit losses from the potential inability of the Company's customers to make required payments. The allowance for credit losses at March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, was $1.3 million and $1.4 million, respectively. The Company evaluates the historic loss experience on the accounts receivable balance and also considers separately customers with receivable balances that may be negatively impacted by current economic developments and market conditions. The estimate is a result of the Company's ongoing evaluation of collectability, customer creditworthiness, historical levels of credit losses and future expectations.

The Company is subject to risks common to emerging companies in the medical device industry, including, but not limited to: new technological innovations; acceptance and competitiveness of its products; dependence on key personnel; dependence on key suppliers; dependence on third-party collaboration, license and joint development partners; changes in general economic conditions and interest rates; protection of proprietary technology; compliance with changing government regulations; uncertainty of widespread market acceptance of products; access to credit for capital purchases by customers; and product liability claims. Certain components used in manufacturing have

9

ClearPoint Neuro, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

relatively few alternative sources of supply and establishing additional or replacement suppliers for such components cannot be accomplished quickly. The inability of any of these suppliers to fulfill the Company’s supply requirements may negatively impact future operating results.

Recent Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, "Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures." The amendments improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. In addition, the amendments enhance interim disclosure requirements, clarify circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, provide new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment, and contain other disclosure requirements. ASU 2023-07 is effective for calendar year-end public business entities in the 2024 annual period and in 2025 for interim periods. Early adoption is permitted. The Company expects to adopt ASU 2023-07 for the 2024 annual period and 2025 interim periods, retrospectively, and is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, "Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures," which requires that an entity, on an annual basis, disclose additional income tax information, primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The provisions of the ASU are intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The guidance will be applied on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively and is effective for calendar year-end public business entities in the 2025 annual period and in 2026 for interim periods with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

3. Revenue Recognition

Revenue by Service Line

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Biologics and drug delivery
Disposable products	$	553	$	594
Services and license fees	3,754		2,082
Subtotal – Biologics and drug delivery revenue	4,307		2,676
Functional neurosurgery navigation and therapy
Disposable products	1,927		1,858
Services	—		503
Subtotal – Functional neurosurgery navigation and therapy	1,927		2,361
Capital equipment and software
Systems and software products	1,155		178
Services	250		218
Subtotal – Capital equipment and software revenue	1,405		396
Total revenue	$	7,639	$	5,433

Contract Balances

•Contract assets – The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the time of billing to the Company's customers. In most cases, customers are billed upon shipment of such products or delivery of such services and the related contract assets, which represent an unconditional right to consideration, and comprise the accounts receivable balance. When revenue is recognized in advance of its right to bill and receive consideration, the Company records this unbilled receivable as a contract asset, which is classified as other current assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, at March 31, 2024, the Company also had

10

ClearPoint Neuro, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

$0.2 million in deferred contract costs, classified as other current assets, related to up-front costs for direct materials incurred to fulfill a customer contract.

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
(in thousands)
Accounts receivable, net	$	2,511	$	3,211
Other contract assets
Unbilled receivables	$	612	$	733
Deferred contract costs	$	193	$	—

•Contract liabilities – Contract liabilities consist of amounts that have been invoiced and for which the Company has the right to bill, but that have not been recognized as revenue as the related goods or services have not been transferred. The Company's contract liabilities are generally comprised of the following: (1) capital equipment and software-related service fees that are typically billed and collected at the inception of the service agreements, which have terms ranging from one to three years; (2) annual fees for agreements with customers that bundle the capital equipment and software-related service fees with software and hardware upgrades that are made commercially available over the term of the contract; and (3) up-front payments from customers made in connection with consulting services. The unearned portion of all such fees is classified as deferred revenue.

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
(in thousands)
Deferred revenues	$	1,690	$	3,154

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recognized approximately $1.5 million of revenue, which was previously included in deferred revenue in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2023.

Transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations represents contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized, which includes deferred revenue that will be recognized as revenue in future periods. The majority of the remaining performance obligations relate to capital equipment and software-related service agreements and the upfront payments discussed under the heading "Contract Balances" above, which amounted to approximately $1.6 million at March 31, 2024. The Company expects to recognize 71% of this revenue over the next twelve months and the remainder thereafter.

4. Fair Value Measurement

Fair value measurements are based on a three-tier hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted market prices in active markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs for which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.

The fair value of cash and cash equivalents of $35.4 million and $23.1 million as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively, is derived using Level 1 inputs. The cash equivalents are comprised of short-term bank deposits, money market funds, and U.S. Government debt securities with original maturities of three months or less, and the carrying value is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

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ClearPoint Neuro, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

5. Inventory

Inventory consists of the following as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

(in thousands)	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Raw materials and work in process	$	6,123	$	6,466
Software licenses	211		211
Finished goods	1,626		1,234
Inventory, net, included in current assets	7,960		7,911
Software licenses – non-current	237		386
Total	$	8,197	$	8,297

6. Note Payable

In January 2020, the Company completed a financing transaction with two investors (the "2020 Convertible Noteholders"), whereby the Company issued an aggregate principal amount of $17.5 million of secured convertible notes (the "First Closing Notes") pursuant to the SPA, which, unless earlier converted or redeemed, mature on the fifth anniversary of the issuance and bear interest at a rate equal to the sum of (i) the greater of (a) the three (3)-month Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) and (b) two percent (2%), plus (ii) a margin of 2% on the outstanding balance of the First Closing Notes, payable quarterly on the first business day of each calendar quarter. The First Closing Notes may be converted at a price of $6.00 per share, subject to certain adjustments set forth in the SPA and the note agreement, and may not be pre-paid without the consent of the noteholder.

In May 2021, one of the 2020 Convertible Noteholders (the “Converting Noteholder”) converted the entire $7.5 million principal amount of such Converting Noteholder’s First Closing Note, and related accrued interest of approximately $0.04 million, into 1,256,143 shares of the Company’s common stock.

In December 2020, the Company issued the Second Closing Note to one of the 2020 Convertible Noteholders in an aggregate principal amount of $7.5 million. In November 2021, the holder of the Second Closing Note converted the entire principal amount of such note, along with related accrued and payment in-kind interest aggregating $0.3 million, into 773,446 shares of the Company's common stock.

At each of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the amount outstanding under the First Closing Notes is an aggregate principal amount of $10 million. The aggregate carrying amount of the outstanding First Closing Note in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets is presented net of financing costs, comprised of commissions and legal expenses, having an unamortized balance of $0.04 million and $0.1 million at each of those respective dates.

The outstanding First Closing Note is secured by all the assets of the Company.

The holder of the outstanding First Closing Note is a significant customer of the Company, whose chief executive officer is a member of the Company’s Board of Directors. See Note 2, Concentration Risks and Other Risks and Uncertainties.

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ClearPoint Neuro, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Scheduled Note Payable Maturity

Scheduled principal payment as of March 31, 2024 with respect to the remaining note payable is summarized as follows:

Year ending December 31,	(in thousands)
2025	$	10,000
Total scheduled principal payment	10,000
Less: Unamortized financing costs	(36)
Total	$	9,964

7. Leases

The Company subleases office space in Solana Beach, California, that serves as its corporate headquarters and houses certain management and personnel. The sublease term commenced on December 15, 2020, is set to expire on December 31, 2026, and is renewable for an additional five-year period, at the Company’s option, provided that the Company’s landlord has entered into an extension of its prime lease for the office space that encompasses the Company’s office space for at least five years.

The Company leases space in Carlsbad, California, that serves as office space and a manufacturing facility under a lease that commenced on June 1, 2023 and ends on May 31, 2033. The Company has two options to extend the lease term for thirty-six or sixty months, at the then fair market rental value. Upon establishment of the new manufacturing facility in Carlsbad, the Company terminated its prior manufacturing facility lease in Irvine, California, effective October 2023. The lease termination did not have a material impact to the financial statements.

The aforementioned leases are classified as operating leases in conformity with GAAP. The aggregate lease costs, included in general and administrative expense, were $0.2 million and $0.3 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

8. Stockholders’ Equity

2024 Public Offering

In March 2024, the Company completed a public offering of 2,653,848 shares of its common stock, composed of 2,307,694 shares of common stock offered at a public offering price of $6.50 per share and an additional 346,154 shares of common stock sold pursuant to the exercise of the underwriters' option to purchase additional shares at the public offering price.

Net proceeds from the offering totaled approximately $16.2 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions, and other offering expenses paid by the Company.

The underwriting agreement contains representations, warranties, agreements and indemnification obligations by the Company that are customary for this type of transaction.

Equity Compensation Plans

The Fourth Amended and Restated 2013 Incentive Compensation Plan became effective in 2022. The plan permits the issuance of options, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other awards to selected employees, directors and

13

ClearPoint Neuro, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

consultants of the Company. The equity incentive plans are more fully described in Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Share-Based Compensation Expense

The Company records share-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting periods of the related grants and recognizes forfeitures as they occur. The following table sets forth share-based compensation expense included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Cost of revenue	22		21
Research and development	337		282
Sales and marketing	421		362
General and administrative	724		642
Share-based compensation expense	$	1,504	$	1,307

Share-based compensation expense by type of share-based award is summarized below:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Stock options	208		248
RSAs and RSUs	1,236		992
ESPP	60		67
	$	1,504	$	1,307

Total unrecognized compensation expense by type of award and the weighted-average remaining requisite period over which such expense is expected to be recognized (in thousands, unless otherwise noted):

	March 31, 2024
	Unrecognized Expense		Remaining Weighted-Average Recognition Period (in years)
Stock options	$	792	1.46
RSAs and RSUs	$	5,899	1.60

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ClearPoint Neuro, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Stock Option Activity

Stock option activity under the Company’s current and previous plans during the three months ended March 31, 2024 is summarized below:

	Stock Options	Weighted-average Exercise price per share		Weighted-average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)	Intrinsic Value(1) (in thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2023	1,478,157	$	8.40
Exercised	(7,500)	$	2.75
Forfeited or expired	(3,875)	$	48.04
Outstanding at March 31, 2024	1,466,782	$	8.33	5.23	$	3,527
Exercisable at March 31, 2024	1,262,789	$	7.91	4.72	$	3,527
Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2024	1,466,782	$	8.33	5.23	$	3,527

(1) Intrinsic value is calculated as the estimated fair value of the Company’s stock at the end of the related period less the option exercise price of in-the-money options.

Restricted Stock Award Activity

Restricted stock award ("RSA") activity for the three months ended March 31, 2024 is summarized below:

	Restricted Stock Awards	Weighted - Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2023	376,914	$	12.02
Vested	(18,495)	$	12.22
Forfeited	(3,679)	$	12.11
Outstanding at March 31, 2024	354,740	$	12.00

Restricted Stock Unit Activity

Restricted stock unit ("RSU") activity for the three months ended March 31, 2024 is summarized below:

	Restricted Stock Units	Weighted - Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2023	768,139	$	8.15
Granted	65,731	$	6.07
Vested	(129,994)	$	8.14
Forfeited	(12,911)	8.52
Outstanding at March 31, 2024	690,965	$	7.94

ESPP

On June 3, 2021, the Company’s stockholders adopted and approved the ClearPoint Neuro, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”), which allows eligible employees to acquire shares of the Company’s common stock

15

ClearPoint Neuro, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

through payroll deductions at a discount to market price. A total of 400,000 shares of the Company’s common stock were made available for issuance pursuant to the terms of the ESPP. Each offering period is for six months, and the first offering period commenced on July 1, 2021. On March 31, 2024, 236,091 shares of common stock were available for issuance under the ESPP.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes thereto appearing in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that are based upon current expectations and involve risks, assumptions and uncertainties. You should review the section titled “Risk Factors” appearing in our 2023 Form 10-K and in Part II, Item 1.A of this Quarterly Report for a discussion of important risk factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements described in the following discussion and analysis. In addition, historical results and trends that might appear in this Quarterly Report should not be interpreted as being indicative of future operations.

Overview

We are a commercial-stage medical device company that develops and commercializes innovative platforms for performing minimally invasive surgical procedures in the brain. We have deployed significant resources to fund our efforts to develop the capabilities for enabling neurosurgery interventions, building an intellectual property portfolio, and identifying and building out commercial applications for the technologies developed by our company.

The foundational part of our business is providing medical devices for neurosurgery applications. Our primary medical device product, the ClearPoint system, is an integrated system comprised of hardware components, disposable components, and intuitive, menu-driven software, which is in commercial use globally. The primary applications for the ClearPoint system are to target and guide the insertion of deep brain stimulation electrodes, biopsy needles, and laser catheters, as well as the infusion of pharmaceuticals into the brain. The ClearPoint system was originally designed for use in an MRI setting. In 2021, we launched the SmartFrame Array Neuro Navigation System and Software, which allow for operating room placement of the ClearPoint system, and in 2024, we commenced limited market release of the SmartFrame OR Stereotactic System, which allows for complete procedures to be performed in the operating room. In 2022, we commercialized the ClearPoint Prism Neuro Laser Therapy System as our first therapy product offering. We have exclusive global commercialization rights to the ClearPoint Prism Neuro Laser Therapy System through our Swedish partner, Clinical Laserthermia Systems AB and its affiliates, or CLS.

The second part of our business is focused on partnerships in the biologics drug and delivery space. Our services include protocol consultation and solutions for preclinical study design and execution for the delivery of pharmaceutical agents to the brain. Currently, we have more than 50 biologics and drug delivery customers who are evaluating using our products and services in trials to inject gene and cell therapies directly into the brain. These partnerships involve drug development programs that are at various stages of development ranging from preclinical research to late-stage regulatory trials for multiple distinct disease states. This part of our business potentially represents the largest opportunity for growth; however, our ability to grow in this market is dependent on our ability to maintain and establish new relationships with customers, such customers' continuation of research and development plans, and such customers' achievement of success in completion of clinical trials and subsequent regulatory approvals of their biologics and drugs.

Substantially all our revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 relates to (i) sales of our ClearPoint system products and related services and (ii) consulting services from our customers in the biologics and drug delivery space. We have financed our operations and internal growth primarily through the sale of equity securities and the issuance of notes payable. We have incurred significant losses since our inception in 1998 as we have devoted substantial efforts to research and development. As of March 31, 2024, we had accumulated losses of $176.6 million. We may continue to incur operating losses as we expand our ClearPoint system platform, consulting services to our pharmaceutical and other medical technology customers, and our business generally.

Factors Which May Influence Future Results of Operations

The following is a description of factors that may influence our future results of operations, and that we believe are important to an understanding of our business and results of operations.

Macroeconomic Trends

We continue to monitor the impact of various macroeconomic trends, such as global economic and supply chain disruptions, geopolitical instability (including instability resulting from military conflicts), labor shortages, and inflationary

17

conditions. Impacts from inflationary pressures, such as increasing costs for research and development of our products, administrative and other costs of doing business, and our access to capital markets and other sources of funding in the future could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, these trends could adversely affect our customers, which could impact their willingness to spend on our products and services, or their ability to make payment, which could harm the Company's collection of accounts receivable and financial results. The continued development and fluidity of these situations precludes any prediction as to the ultimate impact they will have on our business, financial condition, results of operation and cash flows.

Revenue

In 2010, we received 510(k) clearance from the FDA to market our ClearPoint system in the U.S. for general neurosurgical procedures; in February 2011 and May 2018, we also obtained CE marking for our ClearPoint system and SmartFlow cannula, respectively; and in June 2020, we obtained CE marking for version 2.0 of our ClearPoint software and our Inflexion head fixation frame. In January 2021, we received 510(k) clearance for the SmartFrame Array Neuro Navigation System. In September 2022, the ClearPoint Prism Neuro Laser Therapy System, for which we have exclusive global rights to commercialize, received 510(k) clearance through our Swedish partner, CLS. The Prism laser represents the first therapy product we have commercialized. In January 2024, we received 510(k) clearance from the FDA for the SmartFrame OR Stereotactic System.

In 2021, we started providing consulting services to our pharmaceutical and other medical technology customers for improving outcome predictability and optimizing preclinical and clinical workflows. Our expertise is concentrated in benchtop testing, preclinical studies, clinical trial support, regulatory consultation, and over-arching translation from the preclinical to the clinical setting to enhance accuracy and precision of drug delivery.

Future revenue from sales of our ClearPoint platform products and services is difficult to predict and may not be sufficient to offset our continuing research and development expenses and our increasing selling, general and administrative expenses.

Generating recurring revenue from the sale of products is an important part of our business model for our ClearPoint system. Our product revenue was approximately $3.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and was almost entirely related to our ClearPoint system. Our service revenue was approximately $4.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, of which 94% is related to the biologics and drug delivery service line.

Our revenue recognition policies are more fully described in Note 2 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included above in Part I, Item 1 in this Quarterly Report.

Underlying the revenue from sales of products and services to our biologics and drug delivery customers is the number of direct customers and end users of our products and/or services (“Partners”). Our Partners consist of pharmaceutical and biotech companies, academic institutions, or customer-sponsored contract research organizations that are developing methods to deliver a wide variety of molecules, genes or proteins to targeted brain tissue or structures that would need to bypass the blood-brain barrier for the treatment of a variety of disorders. This is a novel area in which commercialization must be preceded by FDA-mandated clinical trials, which are expensive and time consuming to conduct, and for which the commercial success is uncertain, pending, in part, on the outcome of those trials. While our revenue from sales of products and services to our biologics and drug delivery customers is indicative of growth, the number of Partner relationships is also of importance as we recognize the possibility that some Partners’ research will reach commercial success, and others may not. To the extent our Partners achieve commercial success, our expectation is that we will share in such success through our Partners’ use of our products and services in their delivery of therapies. At March 31, 2024, we had more than 50 Partners, which is similar to the number of Partners as of the same date in 2023.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue includes the direct costs associated with the assembly and purchase of components for functional neurosurgery navigation products, biologics and drug delivery products, non-neurosurgery therapy products, and ClearPoint capital equipment and software that we have sold, and for which we have recognized the revenue in accordance with our revenue recognition policy, as well as labor hours and materials for the cost of providing pre-clinical, consulting, and service revenue. Cost of revenue also includes the allocation of manufacturing overhead costs and depreciation of loaned systems installed under our ClearPoint placement program, as well as provisions for obsolete, impaired, or excess inventory.

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Research and Development Costs

Our research and development costs consist primarily of costs associated with the conceptualization, design, testing, and prototyping of our ClearPoint system products and enhancements. Such costs include salaries, travel, and benefits for research and development personnel; materials and laboratory supplies in research and development activities; outside consultant costs; and licensing costs related to technology not yet commercialized. We anticipate that, over time, our research and development costs may increase as we: (i) develop devices and services for delivery of therapeutics into the central nervous system, (ii) expand products into the operating room and therapeutics space, and (iii) expand the application of our technological platforms internationally.

Product development timelines, likelihood of success, and total costs can vary widely by product candidate. There are also risks inherent in the regulatory clearance and approval process. At this time, we are unable to estimate with any certainty the costs that we will incur in our efforts to expand the application of our technological platforms.

Sales and Marketing, and General and Administrative Expenses

Our sales and marketing, and general and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries, incentive-based compensation, travel and benefits, including share-based compensation; marketing costs; professional fees, including fees for outside attorneys and accountants; occupancy costs; insurance; and other general and administrative expenses, which include, but are not limited to, corporate licenses, director fees, hiring costs, taxes, postage, office supplies, information technology and meeting costs. Our sales and marketing expenses are expected to continue to increase due to costs associated with the continued commercialization of our products and services and the increased headcount necessary to support growth in operations.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

There have been no significant changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates during the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to the critical accounting policies and estimates described in our 2023 Form 10-K.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2024, Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024		2023		Percentage Change
Product revenue	$	3,635	$	2,630	38	%
Service and other revenue	4,004		2,803		43	%
Total revenue	7,639		5,433		41	%
Cost of revenue	3,114		2,231		40	%
Gross profit	4,525		3,202		41	%
Research and development costs	2,625		3,023		(13)	%
Sales and marketing expenses	3,290		2,933		12	%
General and administrative expenses	2,841		2,958		(4)	%
Other expense:
Other expense, net	(26)		(11)		NM%
Interest income, net	111		114		(3)	%
Net loss	$	(4,146)	$	(5,609)	(26)	%

NM – The percentage change is not meaningful.

Revenue. Total revenue was $7.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and $5.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, which represents an increase of $2.2 million, or 41%.

19

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024		2023		Percentage Change
Biologics and drug delivery
Disposable products	$	553	$	594	(7)	%
Services and license fees	3,754		2,082		80	%
Subtotal – Biologics and drug delivery revenue	4,307		2,676		61	%
Functional neurosurgery navigation and therapy
Disposable products	1,927		1,858		4	%
Services	—		503		(100)	%
Subtotal – Functional neurosurgery navigation and therapy	1,927		2,361		(18)	%
Capital equipment and software
Systems and software products	1,155		178		549	%
Services	250		218		15	%
Subtotal – Capital equipment and software revenue	1,405		396		255	%
Total revenue	$	7,639	$	5,433	41	%

Biologics and drug delivery revenue, which includes sales of disposable products and services related to customer-sponsored pre-clinical and clinical trials, increased 61% to $4.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, from $2.7 million for the same period in 2023. This increase is attributable to a $1.7 million increase in service revenue related to new pre-clinical trials and consulting agreements entered into with our Partners during the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to the same period in 2023.

Functional neurosurgery navigation and therapy revenue, which primarily consists of disposable product commercial sales related to cases utilizing the ClearPoint system, decreased 18% to $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, from $2.4 million for the same period in 2023. The decrease is driven by lower service revenue of $0.5 million as a result of pausing a co-development program with one of our Brain Computer Interface partners, partially offset by higher product revenue of $0.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to the same period in 2023.

Capital equipment and software revenue, consisting of sales of ClearPoint reusable hardware and software and related services, increased 255% to $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, from $0.4 million for the same period in 2023 due to a large increase in the placements of ClearPoint navigation capital and software and Prism laser units.

Cost of Revenue and Gross Profit. Cost of revenue was $3.1 million, resulting in gross profit of $4.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and was $2.2 million, resulting in gross profit of $3.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Gross margin was 59% for the three months ended March 31, 2024, in line with the same period in 2023.

Research and Development Costs. Research and development costs were $2.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $3.0 million for the same period in 2023, a decrease of $0.4 million, or 13%. The decrease was due primarily to lower product development costs as a result of reprioritization of certain research and development initiatives.

Sales and Marketing Expenses. Sales and marketing expenses were $3.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $2.9 million for the same period in 2023, an increase of $0.4 million, or 12%. This increase was due primarily to additional personnel costs of $0.3 million, including share-based compensation, resulting from increases in headcount, as well as increases in travel costs of $0.1 million.

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses were $2.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $3.0 million for the same period in 2023, a decrease of $0.1 million, or 4%. This decrease was due primarily to lower bad debt expense of $0.3 million mainly as a result of subsequent recoveries, partially offset by higher share-based compensation and occupancy costs, each in the amount of $0.1 million.

Interest Income (Expense). Net interest income was $0.1 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, as a result of interest rates remaining relatively consistent. We continue to earn interest income from our investment in U.S. Government debt securities, offset partially by the interest paid on the Outstanding First Closing Note. See Note 6

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to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included above in Part 1, Item 1 in this Quarterly Report for additional information with respect to the Outstanding First Closing Note.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have incurred net losses since our inception, which has resulted in a cumulative deficit at March 31, 2024 of $176.6 million. In addition, our use of cash from operations amounted to $3.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and $13.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Since inception, we have financed our operations principally from the sale of equity securities and the issuance of notes payable. In 2020, we issued secured convertible notes to two investors which raised gross proceeds of $25 million, of which $15 million has been converted to common stock and $10 million remains outstanding.

See Note 6 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included above in Part 1, Item 1 in this Quarterly Report for additional information with respect to the Outstanding First Closing Note.

As discussed in Note 8, in March 2024, the Company completed a public offering of 2,653,848 shares of its common stock from which the net proceeds totaled approximately $16.2 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions, and other offering expenses paid by the Company.

As a result of these transactions and our business operations, our cash and cash equivalents totaled $35.4 million at March 31, 2024. In management’s opinion, based on our current forecasts for revenue, expense and cash flows, our existing cash and cash equivalent balances at March 31, 2024, are sufficient to support our operations and meet our obligations for at least the next twelve months.

Cash Flows

Cash activity for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 is summarized as follows:

	Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Cash used in operating activities	$	(3,840)	$	(5,680)
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities	—		(138)
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities	16,053		(5)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	$	12,213	$	(5,823)

Net Cash Flows from Operating Activities. Net cash flows used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024, were $3.8 million, a decrease of $1.8 million from the three months ended March 31, 2023. This decrease was primarily due to a lower net loss of $1.5 million, lower accounts receivable balances as a result of increased cash collections, and lower inventory purchases after ramping up of inventory stock in response to supply chain disruptions, offset partially by lower deferred revenue.

Net Cash Flows from Investing Activities. The Company did not have any net cash flows from investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Net cash flows used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023, were $0.1 million and consisted of equipment acquisitions and investments related to the new manufacturing site in Carlsbad, CA.

Net Cash Flows from Financing Activities. Net cash flows provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024, consisted of proceeds, net offering costs, of $16.2 million received from the public offering of our common stock, partially offset by payments for taxes related to shares withheld in connection with the vesting of restricted stock awards of $0.2 million.

Net cash flows used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023, consisted of payments for taxes related to shares withheld in connection with the vesting of restricted stock awards.

21

Operating Capital and Capital Expenditure Requirements

To date, we have not achieved profitability. We could continue to incur net losses as we continue our efforts to expand the commercialization of our products and services and pursue additional applications for our technology platforms. Our cash balances are primarily held in a variety of demand accounts with a view to liquidity and capital preservation.

Because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with the development and commercialization of medical devices, we are unable to estimate the exact amounts of capital outlays and operating expenditures necessary to successfully commercialize our products and pursue additional applications for our technology platforms. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including, but not limited to, the following:

•the ability of our Partners to achieve commercial success, including their use of our products and services in their pre-clinical studies, clinical trials and delivery of therapies;

•the ultimate duration and impact of macroeconomic trends, including inflationary pressures, supply chain disruptions, and geopolitical instability (including military conflicts);

•the timing of broader market acceptance and adoption of our products;

•the scope, rate of progress and cost of our ongoing product development activities relating to our products;

•the cost and timing of expanding our sales, clinical support, marketing and distribution capabilities, and other corporate infrastructure;

•the cost and timing of establishing inventories at levels sufficient to support our sales;

•the effect of competing technological and market developments;

•the cost of pursuing additional applications of our technology platforms under current collaborative arrangements, and the terms and timing of any future collaborative, licensing or other arrangements that we may establish;

•the cost and timing of any clinical trials;

•the cost and timing of regulatory filings, clearances and approvals; and

•the cost of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing any patent claims and other intellectual property rights.

22

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

Interest Rate Risk

Our exposure to market risk is limited primarily to interest income and expense sensitivity, which is affected by changes in the general level of U.S. interest rates.

Our investments are in short-term bank deposits, short-term U.S. Government debt securities, and institutional money market funds. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while at the same time maximizing the income we receive without significantly increasing risk. In the event we invest in short-term investments, due to the nature of our short-term investments and the Company's intent to hold such debt securities to maturity, we believe that we are not subject to any material market risk exposure.

At March 31, 2024, we had $10 million of principal outstanding under the Outstanding First Closing Note, which is subject to interest rate fluctuations. The Outstanding First Closing Note bears interest at a rate equal to the sum of (i) the greater of (a) the three (3)-month Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") and (b) two percent (2%), plus (ii) a margin of 2% on the outstanding balance of the First Closing Note, payable quarterly on the first business day of each calendar quarter. At March 31, 2024, the three-month SOFR was greater than the 2% floor as a result of rising interest rates, and the rate paid on the Outstanding First Closing Note was 7.3%. If interest rates continue to increase, a one-percent to two-percent increase would result in additional annual interest expense of $0.4 million to $0.5 million above the floor, respectively. Information with respect to the Outstanding First Closing Note may be found in Note 6 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included above in Part 1, Item 1 in this Quarterly Report.

Foreign Currency Risk

To date, we have not recorded a significant amount of sales in currencies other than U.S. dollars, and have only limited business transactions in foreign currencies. We do not currently engage in hedging or similar transactions to reduce our foreign currency risks, which at present, are not material. We do not believe we have material exposure to risk from changes in foreign currency exchange rates at this time. We will continue to monitor and evaluate our internal processes relating to foreign currency exchange, including the potential use of hedging strategies.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We have established disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that material information relating to us is made known to our principal executive officer and principal financial officer by others within our organization. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2024 to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2024.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

During the quarter ended March 31, 2024, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

23

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

We are involved from time-to-time with various legal matters arising in the ordinary course of business. These claims and legal proceedings are of a nature we believe are normal and incidental to a medical device company, and may include product liability, intellectual property, employment matters, and other general claims.

We make provisions for liabilities when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Such provisions are assessed at least quarterly and adjusted to reflect the impact of any settlement negotiations, judicial and administrative rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other information and events pertaining to a particular case. We are currently not aware of any such legal proceedings or claim that we believe will have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition.

ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORS.

There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in our 2023 Form 10-K.

ITEM 2.    UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

None.

ITEM 3.    DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.

None.

ITEM 4.    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

None.

ITEM 5.    OTHER INFORMATION.

Not applicable. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, during the quarter ended March 31, 2024, no director or Section 16 officer adopted or terminated any Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements, as defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

24

ITEM 6.    EXHIBITS.

The exhibits listed below are filed, furnished, or incorporated by reference as part of this Quarterly Report.

Exhibit Number	Exhibit Description
3.1	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of MRI Interventions, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed with the SEC on May 11, 2012).
3.2	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of MRI Interventions, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 8, 2015).
3.3	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of MRI Interventions, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, filed with the SEC on August 2, 2016).
3.4	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of ClearPoint Neuro, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on February 12, 2020).
3.5	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of ClearPoint Neuro, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 25, 2023).
3.6	Fourth Amended and Restated Bylaws of ClearPoint Neuro, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 14, 2022).
31.1*	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
31.2*	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
32+	Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 1350 of Chapter 60 of Title 18 of the United States Code
101.INS*	XBRL Instance
101.SCH*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation
101.DEF*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition
101.LAB*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels
101.PRE*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation
104*	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

*Filed herewith.

+    This certification is being furnished solely to accompany this Quarterly Report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, and it is not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing.

25

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: May 7, 2024
	CLEARPOINT NEURO, INC.
	By:	/s/ Joseph M. Burnett
		Joseph M. Burnett
		Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)
	By:	/s/ Danilo D’Alessandro
		Danilo D’Alessandro
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

26

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a) UNDER

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

I, Joseph M. Burnett, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, of ClearPoint Neuro, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 7, 2024	/s/ Joseph M. Burnett
	Joseph M. Burnett
	Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a) UNDER

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

I, Danilo D’Alessandro, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, of ClearPoint Neuro, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 7, 2024	/s/ Danilo D’Alessandro
	Danilo D’Alessandro
	Chief Financial Officer

EX-32

Exhibit 32

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND

CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(b) UNDER

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 AND SECTION 1350 OF

CHAPTER 63 OF TITLE 18 OF THE UNITED STATES CODE

Each of the undersigned, Joseph M. Burnett and Danilo D’Alessandro, certifies pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code, that (1) this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, of ClearPoint Neuro, Inc. (the “Company”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and (2) the information contained in this quarterly report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 7, 2024
	/s/ Joseph M. Burnett
	Joseph M. Burnett
	Chief Executive Officer
	/s/ Danilo D’Alessandro
	Danilo D’Alessandro
	Chief Financial Officer

XML

Cover - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	May 01, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-34822
Entity Registrant Name	ClearPoint Neuro, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	58-2394628
Entity Address, Address Line One	120 S. Sierra Ave.
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 100
Entity Address, City or Town	Solana Beach
Entity Address, State or Province	CA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	92075
City Area Code	(888)
Local Phone Number	287-9109
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share
Trading Symbol	CLPT
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)		27,420,327
Central Index Key	0001285550
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Amendment Flag	false

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 35,353	$ 23,140
Accounts receivable, net	2,511	3,211
Inventory, net	7,960	7,911
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1,746	1,910
Total current assets	47,570	36,172
Property and equipment, net	1,347	1,389
Operating lease, right-of-use assets	3,447	3,564
Software license inventory	237	386
Licensing rights	887	1,041
Other assets	149	109
Total assets	53,637	42,661
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	844	393
Accrued compensation	1,634	2,947
Other accrued liabilities	986	1,053
Operating lease liabilities, current portion	497	424
Deferred product and service revenue, current portion	1,232	2,613
2020 senior secured convertible note payable, net	9,964	0
Total current liabilities	15,157	7,430
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	3,438	3,568
Deferred product and service revenue, net of current portion	458	541
2020 senior secured convertible note payable, net	0	9,949
Total liabilities	19,053	21,488
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 25,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023	0	0
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 90,000,000 shares authorized at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023; 27,416,345 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024; and 24,652,729 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023	274	247
Additional paid-in capital	210,912	193,382
Accumulated deficit	(176,602)	(172,456)
Total stockholders’ equity	34,584	21,173
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 53,637	$ 42,661

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred stock par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	25,000,000	25,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	90,000,000	90,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	27,416,345	24,652,729
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	27,416,345	24,652,729

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Revenue:
Total revenue	$ 7,639	$ 5,433
Cost of revenue	3,114	2,231
Gross profit	4,525	3,202
Research and development costs	2,625	3,023
Sales and marketing expenses	3,290	2,933
General and administrative expenses	2,841	2,958
Operating loss	(4,231)	(5,712)
Other expense:
Other expense, net	(26)	(11)
Interest income, net	111	114
Net loss	$ (4,146)	$ (5,609)
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.16)	$ (0.23)
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.16)	$ (0.23)
Weighted average shares used in computing net loss per share:
Basic (in shares)	25,452,096	24,583,163
Diluted (in shares)	25,452,096	24,583,163
Product revenue
Revenue:
Total revenue	$ 3,635	$ 2,630
Service and other revenue
Revenue:
Total revenue	$ 4,004	$ 2,803

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Accumulated Deficit
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		24,578,983
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 36,887	$ 246	$ 187,008	$ (150,367)
Issuances of common stock:
Share-based compensation (in shares)		3,782
Share-based compensation	1,307		1,307
Payments for taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards (in shares)		(514)
Payments for taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards	(5)		(5)
Net loss for the period	(5,609)			(5,609)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023		24,582,251
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	$ 32,580	$ 246	188,310	(155,976)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	24,652,729	24,652,729
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 21,173	$ 247	193,382	(172,456)
Issuances of common stock:
Public offering of common stock (in shares)		2,653,848
Public offering of common stock	16,183	$ 26	16,157
Share-based compensation (in shares)		126,315
Share-based compensation	$ 1,504	$ 1	1,503
Option exercises (in shares)	7,500	7,500
Option exercises	$ 21		21
Payments for taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards (in shares)		(24,047)
Payments for taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards	(151)		(151)
Net loss for the period	$ (4,146)			(4,146)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024	27,416,345	27,416,345
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024	$ 34,584	$ 274	$ 210,912	$ (176,602)

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (4,146)	$ (5,609)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash flows from operating activities:
Allowance for credit losses (recoveries)	(146)	171
Depreciation and amortization	243	129
Share-based compensation	1,504	1,307
Amortization of debt issuance costs and original issue discounts	15	14
Amortization of lease right-of-use, net of accretion in lease liabilities	231	142
Accretion of discounts on short-term investments	0	(69)
Increase (decrease) in cash resulting from changes in:
Accounts receivable	846	(184)
Inventory, net	53	(578)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	165	(42)
Other assets	(39)	0
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(931)	(959)
Lease liabilities	(171)	(146)
Deferred revenue	(1,464)	144
Net cash flows from operating activities	(3,840)	(5,680)	$ (13,700)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	0	(138)
Net cash flows from investing activities	0	(138)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from public offering of common stock, net of offering costs	16,183	0
Proceeds from stock option exercises	21	0
Payments for taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards	(151)	(5)
Net cash flows from financing activities	16,053	(5)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	12,213	(5,823)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	23,140	27,615	27,615
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	35,353	21,792	$ 23,140
Cash paid for:
Income taxes	0	0
Interest	$ 185	$ 179

XML

Description of the Business and Financial Condition

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Description Of Business And Liquidity [Abstract]

Description of the Business and Financial Condition

1. Description of the Business and Financial Condition

ClearPoint Neuro, Inc. (the “Company”) is a commercial-stage medical device company focused on the development and commercialization of innovative platforms for performing minimally invasive surgical procedures in the brain. From the Company’s inception in 1998, the Company has deployed significant resources to fund its efforts to develop the capabilities for enabling neurosurgery interventions, building an intellectual property portfolio, and identifying and building out commercial applications for the technologies it develops. In 2021, the Company’s efforts expanded beyond the MRI suite to encompass development and commercialization of new neurosurgical device products for the operating room setting. In 2022, the Company commercialized the ClearPoint Prism Neuro Laser Therapy System as its first therapy product offering. The Company has exclusive global commercialization rights to the ClearPoint Prism Neuro Laser Therapy System through its Swedish partner, Clinical Laserthermia Systems ("CLS").

Since 2021, a growing part of the Company’s revenue is derived from consulting services to pharmaceutical and biotech companies, academic institutions, and contract research organizations having a focus on biologics and drug delivery. The Company’s services include protocol consultation and solutions for pre-clinical study design and execution for the delivery of pharmaceutical agents to the brain. Currently, the Company has more than 50 biologics and drug delivery customers who are evaluating or using its products and services in trials to inject gene and cell therapies directly into the brain. These relationships involve drug development programs that are at various stages of development ranging from preclinical research to late-stage regulatory trials for multiple distinct disease states. This part of the Company’s business potentially represents the largest opportunity for growth; however, the Company’s ability to grow in this market is dependent on its ability to maintain and establish new relationships with customers, such customers' continuation of research and product development plans, and such customers' achievement of success in completion of clinical trials and subsequent regulatory approvals of their biologics and drugs.

Macroeconomic Trends

The Company continues to monitor the impact of various macroeconomic trends, such as global economic and supply chain disruptions, geopolitical instability (including instability resulting from military conflicts), labor shortages, and inflationary conditions. Impacts from inflationary pressures, such as increasing costs for research and development of the Company's products, administrative and other costs of doing business, and the Company's access to capital markets and other sources of funding in the future could adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, these trends could adversely affect the Company's customers, which could impact their willingness to spend on the Company's products and services, or their ability to make payment, which could harm the Company's collection of accounts receivable and financial results. The continued development and fluidity of these situations preclude any prediction as to the ultimate impact they will have on the Company's business, financial condition, results of operation and cash flows.

Liquidity

The Company has incurred net losses since its inception, which has resulted in a cumulative deficit at March 31, 2024 of $176.6 million. In addition, the Company’s use of cash from operations amounted to $3.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and $13.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. Since its inception, the Company has financed its operations principally from the sale of equity securities and the issuance of notes payable, however, there is no assurance such sale of equity securities and/or issuance of notes payable will be at terms favorable to the Company or available at all in the future. As required by generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. ("GAAP"), the Company has evaluated its ability to continue as a going concern and has determined that based on current forecasts, existing cash and cash equivalent balances at March 31, 2024 are sufficient to support the Company's operations and meet its obligations for at least the next twelve months.

In March 2024, the Company completed a public offering of 2,653,848 shares of its common stock from which the net proceeds totaled approximately $16.2 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions, and other offering expenses paid by the Company. See Note 8 below for additional information with respect to the common stock offering.

In 2020, pursuant to the terms of a Securities Purchase Agreement (the "SPA"), the Company issued secured convertible notes to two investors which raised gross proceeds of $25 million, of which $15 million has been converted to common stock and $10 million remains outstanding (the "Outstanding First Closing Note"). See Note 6 below for additional information with respect to these notes.

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Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

2. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Use of Estimates

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a basis consistent with the Company’s December 31, 2023 audited consolidated financial statements, and include all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, necessary to fairly state the information set forth therein. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with SEC rules for interim financial information, and, therefore, omit certain information and footnote disclosures necessary to present such statements in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and the related disclosures at the date of the financial statements and during the reporting period. Actual results could materially differ from these estimates. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s 2023 Form 10-K. The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all information and footnotes required by GAAP for a complete set of financial statements. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024, may not be indicative of the results to be expected for the entire year or any future periods.

Inventory

Inventory is carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The costs of inventory are determined using the standard cost method, which approximates actual cost based on a first-in, first-out method. Items in inventory relate predominantly to the Company’s ClearPoint system and related disposables. Software license inventory related to ClearPoint systems undergoing on-site customer evaluation is included in inventory in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. All other software license inventory is classified as a non-current asset. The Company periodically reviews its inventory for excess and obsolete items and provides a reserve upon identification of potentially excess or obsolete items.

Intangible Assets

The Company is a party to a license agreement that provides rights to the Company for the development and commercialization of products. Under the terms of the license agreement, the Company made payments to the licensor upon execution of the license agreement for access to the underlying technology, and future payments will be based upon achievement of regulatory and commercialization milestones as defined in the license agreement. In 2022, the Company made a payment to the licensor for the achievement of a regulatory milestone, which acts as a prepayment for future royalties.

In conformity with Accounting Standards Codification Section (ASC) 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other,” the Company amortizes the payments related to the license rights described above over an expected useful life of up to five years, or as commercial sales occur for the royalty prepayment. In addition, the Company periodically evaluates the recoverability of its investment in the license rights and records an impairment charge in the event such evaluation indicates that the Company’s investment is not likely to be recovered.

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s revenue is comprised primarily of: (1) product revenue resulting from the sale of functional neurosurgery, navigation, therapy, and biologics and drug delivery disposable products; (2) product revenue resulting from the sale of ClearPoint capital equipment and software; (3) consultation revenue and clinical case support revenue

in connection with customer-sponsored preclinical and clinical trials; (4) license revenue for the granting of licenses to develop and commercialize the Company's SmartFlow Cannula devices with the Company's customers' proprietary biologics as a combination product, and (5) revenue resulting from the service, installation, training, and shipping related to ClearPoint capital equipment and software. The Company recognizes revenue when (i) control of the Company’s products is transferred to its customers or (ii) services are provided to customers, each in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive from its customers in exchange for those products and services, in a process that involves identifying the contract with a customer, identifying the performance obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the distinct performance obligations in the contract, and recognizing revenue when or as the performance obligations have been satisfied. A performance obligation is considered distinct from other obligations in a contract when it provides a benefit to the customer either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer and is separately identified in the contract. When a contract calls for the satisfaction of multiple performance obligations for a single contract price, the Company typically allocates the contract price among the performance obligations based on the relative stand-alone selling prices for each such performance obligation customarily charged by the Company. The Company considers a performance obligation satisfied once it has transferred control of a good or service to the customer, meaning the customer has the ability to use and obtain the benefit of the good or service. The Company recognizes revenue for satisfied performance obligations only when it determines there are no uncertainties regarding payment terms or transfer of control.

Lines of Business; Timing of Revenue Recognition

•Functional neurosurgery navigation product, biologics and drug delivery systems product, and therapy product sales: Revenue from the sale of functional neurosurgery navigation products (consisting of disposable products sold commercially and related to cases utilizing the Company's ClearPoint system), biologics and drug delivery products (consisting primarily of disposable products related to customer-sponsored clinical trials utilizing the ClearPoint system), and therapy products (consisting primarily of disposable laser-related products used in neurosurgical procedures) is generally based on customer purchase orders, the predominance of which require delivery within one week of the order having been placed, and is generally recognized at the point in time of shipping to the customer, which is the point at which legal title, and risks and rewards of ownership, transfer to the customer. For certain customers, legal title and risks and rewards of ownership transfer upon delivery to the customer as stated in their respective contracts, in which case revenue is recognized upon delivery.

•Capital equipment and software sales:

◦Capital equipment and software sales preceded by evaluation periods: The predominance of capital equipment and software sales (consisting of integrated computer hardware and software that are integral components of the Company's ClearPoint system) are preceded by customer evaluation periods. During these evaluation periods, installation of, and training of customer personnel on, the systems have been completed and the systems have been in operation. Accordingly, revenue from capital equipment and software sales following such evaluation periods is recognized at the point in time that the Company is in receipt of an executed purchase agreement or purchase order.

◦Capital equipment and software sales not preceded by evaluation periods: Revenue from sales of capital equipment and software not having been preceded by an evaluation period is recognized upon delivery to the customer and installation. For capital equipment that does not require installation, revenue is recognized upon shipment; however, for those customers where legal title and risks and rewards of ownership transfer upon delivery, revenue is recognized at such time.

For both types of capital equipment and software sales described above, the determination of the point in time at which to recognize revenue represents that point at which the customer has legal title, physical possession, and the risks and rewards of ownership, and the Company has a present right to payment.

•Functional neurosurgery navigation and therapy services: The Company recognizes revenue for such services over time as the services are delivered to the customer based on the extent of progress towards completion of the performance obligation.

•Biologics and drug delivery services and other revenue:

◦Consultation Services: The Company recognizes consultation revenue over time as the services are delivered to the customer based on the extent of progress towards completion of the performance obligation. The Company may use output methods, such as time elapsed, or input methods, such as labor hours expended or costs incurred, to measure progress depending on which better depicts the transfer of control to the customer.

◦Clinical Service Access Fees: For contracts in which the Company receives a periodic fixed fee, irrespective of the number of cases attended by the Company's personnel or hours incurred during such periods, revenue is recognized ratably over the period covered by such fees. A time-elapsed output method is used for such fees because the Company transfers control evenly by providing a stand-ready service.

◦Clinical Service Procedure-Based Fees: The Company recognizes revenue at the point in time a case is attended by Company personnel.

◦License fees: License fees represent the use of functional intellectual property as it exists at the point in time at which the license is granted and does not require any significant development or customization. Accordingly, the Company recognizes license revenue at the point in time in which the license becomes effective and the intellectual property is made available to the customer.

◦Milestone fees: Event-based payments which are subject to the customer's achievement of specified development or regulatory milestones are included in the transaction price if, in the Company's judgment, it is probable that these milestones will be achieved and a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur. The Company re-evaluates the probability of achievement of such milestones at the end of each reporting period and adjusts the transaction price as necessary.

•Capital equipment-related services:

◦Equipment service: Revenue from service of ClearPoint capital equipment and software previously sold to customers is based on agreements with terms ranging from one to three years and is recognized ratably on a monthly basis over the term of the service agreement. A time-elapsed output method is used for service revenue because the Company transfers control evenly by providing a stand-ready service.

The Company may also enter into contracts with customers who own ClearPoint capital equipment, which bundle maintenance and support services and access to software and hardware upgrades made commercially available over the term of the contract, for a single contract price, typically paid on an annual basis. The Company allocates the contract price among the performance obligations based on the relative stand-alone prices for each such performance obligation and recognizes the revenue ratably on a monthly basis. A time-elapsed output method is used as the Company is providing a stand-ready service for each of the performance obligations.

◦Installation, training and shipping: Consistent with the Company’s recognition of revenue for capital equipment and software sales as described above, fees for installation, training and shipping in connection with sales of capital equipment and software that have been preceded by customer evaluation periods are recognized as revenue at the point in time the Company is in receipt of an executed purchase order for the equipment and software. Installation, training and shipping fees related to capital equipment and software sales not having been preceded by an evaluation period are recognized as revenue concurrent with the recognition of revenue from sales of the related capital equipment.

The Company operates in one industry segment, and the predominance of its sales are to U.S.-based customers.

Payment terms under contracts with customers generally are in a range of 30-60 days after the customers’ receipt of the Company’s invoices.

The Company’s terms and conditions do not provide for a right of return unless for: (a) product defects; or (b) other conditions subject to the Company’s approval.

See Note 3 for additional information regarding revenue recognition.

Net Loss Per Share

The Company computes net loss per share using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Basic and diluted net loss per share are the same because the conversion, exercise or issuance of all potential common stock equivalents, which comprise the Company’s outstanding common stock options and unvested restricted stock units, as described in Note 8, and the potential conversion of the Outstanding First Closing Note, as described in Note 6, would be anti-dilutive, due to the reporting of a net loss for each of the periods in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Concentration Risks and Other Risks and Uncertainties

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company may at times invest its excess cash in interest bearing accounts and U.S. government debt securities. It classifies all highly liquid investments with original stated maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase as cash equivalents and all highly liquid investments with stated maturities of greater than three months but less than twelve months as short-term investments.

The Company holds the remainder of its cash and cash equivalents on deposit with financial institutions in the U.S. insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. At March 31, 2024, the Company had approximately $0.1 million in bank balances that were in excess of the insured limits.

At March 31, 2024, there was one customer whose accounts receivable balance represented 16% of accounts receivable at that date. At December 31, 2023, there were four customers whose accounts receivable balances represented 28%, 26%, 16%, and 10% of accounts receivable at that date.

One pharmaceutical customer, a related party who is a stockholder, a noteholder, and whose chief executive officer is a representative on the Company's Board of Directors (see Note 6), for whom the Company provides hardware, software, clinical services and market development services in support of the customer's clinical trials, and from whom the Company earns a quarterly fee, accounted for 9% and 13% of total sales in the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. There were two additional customers, both of whom comprised 14% of the total sales in the three-month period ended March 31, 2024.

Prior to granting credit to a customer, the Company generally performs credit evaluations of the customers’ financial condition. In general, the Company does not require collateral from customers in connection with an extension of credit. The accounts receivable balance is reduced by an allowance for credit losses from the potential inability of the Company's customers to make required payments. The allowance for credit losses at March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, was $1.3 million and $1.4 million, respectively. The Company evaluates the historic loss experience on the accounts receivable balance and also considers separately customers with receivable balances that may be negatively impacted by current economic developments and market conditions. The estimate is a result of the Company's ongoing evaluation of collectability, customer creditworthiness, historical levels of credit losses and future expectations.

The Company is subject to risks common to emerging companies in the medical device industry, including, but not limited to: new technological innovations; acceptance and competitiveness of its products; dependence on key personnel; dependence on key suppliers; dependence on third-party collaboration, license and joint development partners; changes in general economic conditions and interest rates; protection of proprietary technology; compliance with changing government regulations; uncertainty of widespread market acceptance of products; access to credit for capital purchases by customers; and product liability claims. Certain components used in manufacturing have

relatively few alternative sources of supply and establishing additional or replacement suppliers for such components cannot be accomplished quickly. The inability of any of these suppliers to fulfill the Company’s supply requirements may negatively impact future operating results.

Recent Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, "Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures." The amendments improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. In addition, the amendments enhance interim disclosure requirements, clarify circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, provide new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment, and contain other disclosure requirements. ASU 2023-07 is effective for calendar year-end public business entities in the 2024 annual period and in 2025 for interim periods. Early adoption is permitted. The Company expects to adopt ASU 2023-07 for the 2024 annual period and 2025 interim periods, retrospectively, and is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, "Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures," which requires that an entity, on an annual basis, disclose additional income tax information, primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The provisions of the ASU are intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The guidance will be applied on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively and is effective for calendar year-end public business entities in the 2025 annual period and in 2026 for interim periods with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

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Revenue Recognition

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue Recognition

3. Revenue Recognition

Revenue by Service Line

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Biologics and drug delivery
Disposable products	$	553	$	594
Services and license fees	3,754		2,082
Subtotal – Biologics and drug delivery revenue	4,307		2,676
Functional neurosurgery navigation and therapy
Disposable products	1,927		1,858
Services	—		503
Subtotal – Functional neurosurgery navigation and therapy	1,927		2,361
Capital equipment and software
Systems and software products	1,155		178
Services	250		218
Subtotal – Capital equipment and software revenue	1,405		396
Total revenue	$	7,639	$	5,433

Contract Balances

•Contract assets – The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the time of billing to the Company's customers. In most cases, customers are billed upon shipment of such products or delivery of such services and the related contract assets, which represent an unconditional right to consideration, and comprise the accounts receivable balance. When revenue is recognized in advance of its right to bill and receive consideration, the Company records this unbilled receivable as a contract asset, which is classified as other current assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, at March 31, 2024, the Company also had

$0.2 million in deferred contract costs, classified as other current assets, related to up-front costs for direct materials incurred to fulfill a customer contract.

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
(in thousands)
Accounts receivable, net	$	2,511	$	3,211
Other contract assets
Unbilled receivables	$	612	$	733
Deferred contract costs	$	193	$	—

•Contract liabilities – Contract liabilities consist of amounts that have been invoiced and for which the Company has the right to bill, but that have not been recognized as revenue as the related goods or services have not been transferred. The Company's contract liabilities are generally comprised of the following: (1) capital equipment and software-related service fees that are typically billed and collected at the inception of the service agreements, which have terms ranging from one to three years; (2) annual fees for agreements with customers that bundle the capital equipment and software-related service fees with software and hardware upgrades that are made commercially available over the term of the contract; and (3) up-front payments from customers made in connection with consulting services. The unearned portion of all such fees is classified as deferred revenue.

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
(in thousands)
Deferred revenues	$	1,690	$	3,154

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recognized approximately $1.5 million of revenue, which was previously included in deferred revenue in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2023.

Transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations represents contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized, which includes deferred revenue that will be recognized as revenue in future periods. The majority of the remaining performance obligations relate to capital equipment and software-related service agreements and the upfront payments discussed under the heading "Contract Balances" above, which amounted to approximately $1.6 million at March 31, 2024. The Company expects to recognize 71% of this revenue over the next twelve months and the remainder thereafter.

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Fair Value Measurement

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurement

4. Fair Value Measurement

Fair value measurements are based on a three-tier hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted market prices in active markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs for which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.

The fair value of cash and cash equivalents of $35.4 million and $23.1 million as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively, is derived using Level 1 inputs. The cash equivalents are comprised of short-term bank deposits, money market funds, and U.S. Government debt securities with original maturities of three months or less, and the carrying value is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

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Inventory

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Inventory

5. Inventory

Inventory consists of the following as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

(in thousands)	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Raw materials and work in process	$	6,123	$	6,466
Software licenses	211		211
Finished goods	1,626		1,234
Inventory, net, included in current assets	7,960		7,911
Software licenses – non-current	237		386
Total	$	8,197	$	8,297

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Note Payable

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Note Payable

6. Note Payable

In January 2020, the Company completed a financing transaction with two investors (the "2020 Convertible Noteholders"), whereby the Company issued an aggregate principal amount of $17.5 million of secured convertible notes (the "First Closing Notes") pursuant to the SPA, which, unless earlier converted or redeemed, mature on the fifth anniversary of the issuance and bear interest at a rate equal to the sum of (i) the greater of (a) the three (3)-month Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) and (b) two percent (2%), plus (ii) a margin of 2% on the outstanding balance of the First Closing Notes, payable quarterly on the first business day of each calendar quarter. The First Closing Notes may be converted at a price of $6.00 per share, subject to certain adjustments set forth in the SPA and the note agreement, and may not be pre-paid without the consent of the noteholder.

In May 2021, one of the 2020 Convertible Noteholders (the “Converting Noteholder”) converted the entire $7.5 million principal amount of such Converting Noteholder’s First Closing Note, and related accrued interest of approximately $0.04 million, into 1,256,143 shares of the Company’s common stock.

In December 2020, the Company issued the Second Closing Note to one of the 2020 Convertible Noteholders in an aggregate principal amount of $7.5 million. In November 2021, the holder of the Second Closing Note converted the entire principal amount of such note, along with related accrued and payment in-kind interest aggregating $0.3 million, into 773,446 shares of the Company's common stock.

At each of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the amount outstanding under the First Closing Notes is an aggregate principal amount of $10 million. The aggregate carrying amount of the outstanding First Closing Note in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets is presented net of financing costs, comprised of commissions and legal expenses, having an unamortized balance of $0.04 million and $0.1 million at each of those respective dates.

The outstanding First Closing Note is secured by all the assets of the Company.

The holder of the outstanding First Closing Note is a significant customer of the Company, whose chief executive officer is a member of the Company’s Board of Directors. See Note 2, Concentration Risks and Other Risks and Uncertainties.

Scheduled Note Payable Maturity

Scheduled principal payment as of March 31, 2024 with respect to the remaining note payable is summarized as follows:

Year ending December 31,	(in thousands)
2025	$	10,000
Total scheduled principal payment	10,000
Less: Unamortized financing costs	(36)
Total	$	9,964

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Leases

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

7. Leases

The Company subleases office space in Solana Beach, California, that serves as its corporate headquarters and houses certain management and personnel. The sublease term commenced on December 15, 2020, is set to expire on December 31, 2026, and is renewable for an additional five-year period, at the Company’s option, provided that the Company’s landlord has entered into an extension of its prime lease for the office space that encompasses the Company’s office space for at least five years.

The Company leases space in Carlsbad, California, that serves as office space and a manufacturing facility under a lease that commenced on June 1, 2023 and ends on May 31, 2033. The Company has two options to extend the lease term for thirty-six or sixty months, at the then fair market rental value. Upon establishment of the new manufacturing facility in Carlsbad, the Company terminated its prior manufacturing facility lease in Irvine, California, effective October 2023. The lease termination did not have a material impact to the financial statements.

The aforementioned leases are classified as operating leases in conformity with GAAP. The aggregate lease costs, included in general and administrative expense, were $0.2 million and $0.3 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

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Stockholders’ Equity

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

8. Stockholders’ Equity

2024 Public Offering

In March 2024, the Company completed a public offering of 2,653,848 shares of its common stock, composed of 2,307,694 shares of common stock offered at a public offering price of $6.50 per share and an additional 346,154 shares of common stock sold pursuant to the exercise of the underwriters' option to purchase additional shares at the public offering price.

Net proceeds from the offering totaled approximately $16.2 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions, and other offering expenses paid by the Company.

The underwriting agreement contains representations, warranties, agreements and indemnification obligations by the Company that are customary for this type of transaction.

Equity Compensation Plans

The Fourth Amended and Restated 2013 Incentive Compensation Plan became effective in 2022. The plan permits the issuance of options, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other awards to selected employees, directors and

consultants of the Company. The equity incentive plans are more fully described in Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Share-Based Compensation Expense

The Company records share-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting periods of the related grants and recognizes forfeitures as they occur. The following table sets forth share-based compensation expense included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Cost of revenue	22		21
Research and development	337		282
Sales and marketing	421		362
General and administrative	724		642
Share-based compensation expense	$	1,504	$	1,307

Share-based compensation expense by type of share-based award is summarized below:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Stock options	208		248
RSAs and RSUs	1,236		992
ESPP	60		67
	$	1,504	$	1,307

Total unrecognized compensation expense by type of award and the weighted-average remaining requisite period over which such expense is expected to be recognized (in thousands, unless otherwise noted):

	March 31, 2024
	Unrecognized Expense		Remaining Weighted-Average Recognition Period (in years)
Stock options	$	792	1.46
RSAs and RSUs	$	5,899	1.60

Stock Option Activity

Stock option activity under the Company’s current and previous plans during the three months ended March 31, 2024 is summarized below:

	Stock Options	Weighted-average Exercise price per share		Weighted-average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)	Intrinsic Value(1) (in thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2023	1,478,157	$	8.40
Exercised	(7,500)	$	2.75
Forfeited or expired	(3,875)	$	48.04
Outstanding at March 31, 2024	1,466,782	$	8.33	5.23	$	3,527
Exercisable at March 31, 2024	1,262,789	$	7.91	4.72	$	3,527
Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2024	1,466,782	$	8.33	5.23	$	3,527

(1) Intrinsic value is calculated as the estimated fair value of the Company’s stock at the end of the related period less the option exercise price of in-the-money options.

Restricted Stock Award Activity

Restricted stock award ("RSA") activity for the three months ended March 31, 2024 is summarized below:

	Restricted Stock Awards	Weighted - Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2023	376,914	$	12.02
Vested	(18,495)	$	12.22
Forfeited	(3,679)	$	12.11
Outstanding at March 31, 2024	354,740	$	12.00

Restricted Stock Unit Activity

Restricted stock unit ("RSU") activity for the three months ended March 31, 2024 is summarized below:

	Restricted Stock Units	Weighted - Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2023	768,139	$	8.15
Granted	65,731	$	6.07
Vested	(129,994)	$	8.14
Forfeited	(12,911)	8.52
Outstanding at March 31, 2024	690,965	$	7.94

ESPP

On June 3, 2021, the Company’s stockholders adopted and approved the ClearPoint Neuro, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”), which allows eligible employees to acquire shares of the Company’s common stock

through payroll deductions at a discount to market price. A total of 400,000 shares of the Company’s common stock were made available for issuance pursuant to the terms of the ESPP. Each offering period is for six months, and the first offering period commenced on July 1, 2021. On March 31, 2024, 236,091 shares of common stock were available for issuance under the ESPP.

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Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net loss for the period	$ (4,146)	$ (5,609)

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Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

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Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation and Use of Estimates

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a basis consistent with the Company’s December 31, 2023 audited consolidated financial statements, and include all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, necessary to fairly state the information set forth therein. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with SEC rules for interim financial information, and, therefore, omit certain information and footnote disclosures necessary to present such statements in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and the related disclosures at the date of the financial statements and during the reporting period. Actual results could materially differ from these estimates. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s 2023 Form 10-K. The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all information and footnotes required by GAAP for a complete set of financial statements. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024, may not be indicative of the results to be expected for the entire year or any future periods.

Use of Estimates

Basis of Presentation and Use of Estimates

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a basis consistent with the Company’s December 31, 2023 audited consolidated financial statements, and include all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, necessary to fairly state the information set forth therein. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with SEC rules for interim financial information, and, therefore, omit certain information and footnote disclosures necessary to present such statements in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and the related disclosures at the date of the financial statements and during the reporting period. Actual results could materially differ from these estimates. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s 2023 Form 10-K. The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all information and footnotes required by GAAP for a complete set of financial statements. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024, may not be indicative of the results to be expected for the entire year or any future periods.

Inventory

Inventory

Inventory is carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The costs of inventory are determined using the standard cost method, which approximates actual cost based on a first-in, first-out method. Items in inventory relate predominantly to the Company’s ClearPoint system and related disposables. Software license inventory related to ClearPoint systems undergoing on-site customer evaluation is included in inventory in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. All other software license inventory is classified as a non-current asset. The Company periodically reviews its inventory for excess and obsolete items and provides a reserve upon identification of potentially excess or obsolete items.

Intangible Assets

Intangible Assets

The Company is a party to a license agreement that provides rights to the Company for the development and commercialization of products. Under the terms of the license agreement, the Company made payments to the licensor upon execution of the license agreement for access to the underlying technology, and future payments will be based upon achievement of regulatory and commercialization milestones as defined in the license agreement. In 2022, the Company made a payment to the licensor for the achievement of a regulatory milestone, which acts as a prepayment for future royalties.

In conformity with Accounting Standards Codification Section (ASC) 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other,” the Company amortizes the payments related to the license rights described above over an expected useful life of up to five years, or as commercial sales occur for the royalty prepayment. In addition, the Company periodically evaluates the recoverability of its investment in the license rights and records an impairment charge in the event such evaluation indicates that the Company’s investment is not likely to be recovered.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s revenue is comprised primarily of: (1) product revenue resulting from the sale of functional neurosurgery, navigation, therapy, and biologics and drug delivery disposable products; (2) product revenue resulting from the sale of ClearPoint capital equipment and software; (3) consultation revenue and clinical case support revenue

in connection with customer-sponsored preclinical and clinical trials; (4) license revenue for the granting of licenses to develop and commercialize the Company's SmartFlow Cannula devices with the Company's customers' proprietary biologics as a combination product, and (5) revenue resulting from the service, installation, training, and shipping related to ClearPoint capital equipment and software. The Company recognizes revenue when (i) control of the Company’s products is transferred to its customers or (ii) services are provided to customers, each in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive from its customers in exchange for those products and services, in a process that involves identifying the contract with a customer, identifying the performance obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the distinct performance obligations in the contract, and recognizing revenue when or as the performance obligations have been satisfied. A performance obligation is considered distinct from other obligations in a contract when it provides a benefit to the customer either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer and is separately identified in the contract. When a contract calls for the satisfaction of multiple performance obligations for a single contract price, the Company typically allocates the contract price among the performance obligations based on the relative stand-alone selling prices for each such performance obligation customarily charged by the Company. The Company considers a performance obligation satisfied once it has transferred control of a good or service to the customer, meaning the customer has the ability to use and obtain the benefit of the good or service. The Company recognizes revenue for satisfied performance obligations only when it determines there are no uncertainties regarding payment terms or transfer of control.

Lines of Business; Timing of Revenue Recognition

•Functional neurosurgery navigation product, biologics and drug delivery systems product, and therapy product sales: Revenue from the sale of functional neurosurgery navigation products (consisting of disposable products sold commercially and related to cases utilizing the Company's ClearPoint system), biologics and drug delivery products (consisting primarily of disposable products related to customer-sponsored clinical trials utilizing the ClearPoint system), and therapy products (consisting primarily of disposable laser-related products used in neurosurgical procedures) is generally based on customer purchase orders, the predominance of which require delivery within one week of the order having been placed, and is generally recognized at the point in time of shipping to the customer, which is the point at which legal title, and risks and rewards of ownership, transfer to the customer. For certain customers, legal title and risks and rewards of ownership transfer upon delivery to the customer as stated in their respective contracts, in which case revenue is recognized upon delivery.

•Capital equipment and software sales:

◦Capital equipment and software sales preceded by evaluation periods: The predominance of capital equipment and software sales (consisting of integrated computer hardware and software that are integral components of the Company's ClearPoint system) are preceded by customer evaluation periods. During these evaluation periods, installation of, and training of customer personnel on, the systems have been completed and the systems have been in operation. Accordingly, revenue from capital equipment and software sales following such evaluation periods is recognized at the point in time that the Company is in receipt of an executed purchase agreement or purchase order.

◦Capital equipment and software sales not preceded by evaluation periods: Revenue from sales of capital equipment and software not having been preceded by an evaluation period is recognized upon delivery to the customer and installation. For capital equipment that does not require installation, revenue is recognized upon shipment; however, for those customers where legal title and risks and rewards of ownership transfer upon delivery, revenue is recognized at such time.

For both types of capital equipment and software sales described above, the determination of the point in time at which to recognize revenue represents that point at which the customer has legal title, physical possession, and the risks and rewards of ownership, and the Company has a present right to payment.

•Functional neurosurgery navigation and therapy services: The Company recognizes revenue for such services over time as the services are delivered to the customer based on the extent of progress towards completion of the performance obligation.

•Biologics and drug delivery services and other revenue:

◦Consultation Services: The Company recognizes consultation revenue over time as the services are delivered to the customer based on the extent of progress towards completion of the performance obligation. The Company may use output methods, such as time elapsed, or input methods, such as labor hours expended or costs incurred, to measure progress depending on which better depicts the transfer of control to the customer.

◦Clinical Service Access Fees: For contracts in which the Company receives a periodic fixed fee, irrespective of the number of cases attended by the Company's personnel or hours incurred during such periods, revenue is recognized ratably over the period covered by such fees. A time-elapsed output method is used for such fees because the Company transfers control evenly by providing a stand-ready service.

◦Clinical Service Procedure-Based Fees: The Company recognizes revenue at the point in time a case is attended by Company personnel.

◦License fees: License fees represent the use of functional intellectual property as it exists at the point in time at which the license is granted and does not require any significant development or customization. Accordingly, the Company recognizes license revenue at the point in time in which the license becomes effective and the intellectual property is made available to the customer.

◦Milestone fees: Event-based payments which are subject to the customer's achievement of specified development or regulatory milestones are included in the transaction price if, in the Company's judgment, it is probable that these milestones will be achieved and a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur. The Company re-evaluates the probability of achievement of such milestones at the end of each reporting period and adjusts the transaction price as necessary.

•Capital equipment-related services:

◦Equipment service: Revenue from service of ClearPoint capital equipment and software previously sold to customers is based on agreements with terms ranging from one to three years and is recognized ratably on a monthly basis over the term of the service agreement. A time-elapsed output method is used for service revenue because the Company transfers control evenly by providing a stand-ready service.

The Company may also enter into contracts with customers who own ClearPoint capital equipment, which bundle maintenance and support services and access to software and hardware upgrades made commercially available over the term of the contract, for a single contract price, typically paid on an annual basis. The Company allocates the contract price among the performance obligations based on the relative stand-alone prices for each such performance obligation and recognizes the revenue ratably on a monthly basis. A time-elapsed output method is used as the Company is providing a stand-ready service for each of the performance obligations.

◦Installation, training and shipping: Consistent with the Company’s recognition of revenue for capital equipment and software sales as described above, fees for installation, training and shipping in connection with sales of capital equipment and software that have been preceded by customer evaluation periods are recognized as revenue at the point in time the Company is in receipt of an executed purchase order for the equipment and software. Installation, training and shipping fees related to capital equipment and software sales not having been preceded by an evaluation period are recognized as revenue concurrent with the recognition of revenue from sales of the related capital equipment.

The Company operates in one industry segment, and the predominance of its sales are to U.S.-based customers.

Payment terms under contracts with customers generally are in a range of 30-60 days after the customers’ receipt of the Company’s invoices.

The Company’s terms and conditions do not provide for a right of return unless for: (a) product defects; or (b) other conditions subject to the Company’s approval.

Net Loss Per Share

Net Loss Per Share

The Company computes net loss per share using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Basic and diluted net loss per share are the same because the conversion, exercise or issuance of all potential common stock equivalents, which comprise the Company’s outstanding common stock options and unvested restricted stock units, as described in Note 8, and the potential conversion of the Outstanding First Closing Note, as described in Note 6, would be anti-dilutive, due to the reporting of a net loss for each of the periods in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Concentration Risks and Other Risks and Uncertainties

Concentration Risks and Other Risks and Uncertainties

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company may at times invest its excess cash in interest bearing accounts and U.S. government debt securities. It classifies all highly liquid investments with original stated maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase as cash equivalents and all highly liquid investments with stated maturities of greater than three months but less than twelve months as short-term investments.

The Company holds the remainder of its cash and cash equivalents on deposit with financial institutions in the U.S. insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. At March 31, 2024, the Company had approximately $0.1 million in bank balances that were in excess of the insured limits.

At March 31, 2024, there was one customer whose accounts receivable balance represented 16% of accounts receivable at that date. At December 31, 2023, there were four customers whose accounts receivable balances represented 28%, 26%, 16%, and 10% of accounts receivable at that date.

One pharmaceutical customer, a related party who is a stockholder, a noteholder, and whose chief executive officer is a representative on the Company's Board of Directors (see Note 6), for whom the Company provides hardware, software, clinical services and market development services in support of the customer's clinical trials, and from whom the Company earns a quarterly fee, accounted for 9% and 13% of total sales in the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. There were two additional customers, both of whom comprised 14% of the total sales in the three-month period ended March 31, 2024.

Prior to granting credit to a customer, the Company generally performs credit evaluations of the customers’ financial condition. In general, the Company does not require collateral from customers in connection with an extension of credit. The accounts receivable balance is reduced by an allowance for credit losses from the potential inability of the Company's customers to make required payments. The allowance for credit losses at March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, was $1.3 million and $1.4 million, respectively. The Company evaluates the historic loss experience on the accounts receivable balance and also considers separately customers with receivable balances that may be negatively impacted by current economic developments and market conditions. The estimate is a result of the Company's ongoing evaluation of collectability, customer creditworthiness, historical levels of credit losses and future expectations.

The Company is subject to risks common to emerging companies in the medical device industry, including, but not limited to: new technological innovations; acceptance and competitiveness of its products; dependence on key personnel; dependence on key suppliers; dependence on third-party collaboration, license and joint development partners; changes in general economic conditions and interest rates; protection of proprietary technology; compliance with changing government regulations; uncertainty of widespread market acceptance of products; access to credit for capital purchases by customers; and product liability claims. Certain components used in manufacturing have

relatively few alternative sources of supply and establishing additional or replacement suppliers for such components cannot be accomplished quickly. The inability of any of these suppliers to fulfill the Company’s supply requirements may negatively impact future operating results.

Recent Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

Recent Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, "Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures." The amendments improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. In addition, the amendments enhance interim disclosure requirements, clarify circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, provide new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment, and contain other disclosure requirements. ASU 2023-07 is effective for calendar year-end public business entities in the 2024 annual period and in 2025 for interim periods. Early adoption is permitted. The Company expects to adopt ASU 2023-07 for the 2024 annual period and 2025 interim periods, retrospectively, and is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, "Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures," which requires that an entity, on an annual basis, disclose additional income tax information, primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The provisions of the ASU are intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The guidance will be applied on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively and is effective for calendar year-end public business entities in the 2025 annual period and in 2026 for interim periods with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

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Revenue Recognition (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Schedule of Revenue by Service Line

Revenue by Service Line

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Biologics and drug delivery
Disposable products	$	553	$	594
Services and license fees	3,754		2,082
Subtotal – Biologics and drug delivery revenue	4,307		2,676
Functional neurosurgery navigation and therapy
Disposable products	1,927		1,858
Services	—		503
Subtotal – Functional neurosurgery navigation and therapy	1,927		2,361
Capital equipment and software
Systems and software products	1,155		178
Services	250		218
Subtotal – Capital equipment and software revenue	1,405		396
Total revenue	$	7,639	$	5,433

Schedule of Other Current Assets

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
(in thousands)
Accounts receivable, net	$	2,511	$	3,211
Other contract assets
Unbilled receivables	$	612	$	733
Deferred contract costs	$	193	$	—

Schedule of Revenue Recognized by Contract Liability

The unearned portion of all such fees is classified as deferred revenue.

	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
(in thousands)
Deferred revenues	$	1,690	$	3,154

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Inventory (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Inventory

Inventory consists of the following as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

(in thousands)	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Raw materials and work in process	$	6,123	$	6,466
Software licenses	211		211
Finished goods	1,626		1,234
Inventory, net, included in current assets	7,960		7,911
Software licenses – non-current	237		386
Total	$	8,197	$	8,297

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Note Payable (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Principal Payment

Scheduled principal payment as of March 31, 2024 with respect to the remaining note payable is summarized as follows:

Year ending December 31,	(in thousands)
2025	$	10,000
Total scheduled principal payment	10,000
Less: Unamortized financing costs	(36)
Total	$	9,964

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Stockholders’ Equity (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of Share-Based Compensation Expense

The following table sets forth share-based compensation expense included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Cost of revenue	22		21
Research and development	337		282
Sales and marketing	421		362
General and administrative	724		642
Share-based compensation expense	$	1,504	$	1,307

Share-based compensation expense by type of share-based award is summarized below:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Stock options	208		248
RSAs and RSUs	1,236		992
ESPP	60		67
	$	1,504	$	1,307

Total unrecognized compensation expense by type of award and the weighted-average remaining requisite period over which such expense is expected to be recognized (in thousands, unless otherwise noted):

	March 31, 2024
	Unrecognized Expense		Remaining Weighted-Average Recognition Period (in years)
Stock options	$	792	1.46
RSAs and RSUs	$	5,899	1.60

Schedule of Stock Option Activity

Stock option activity under the Company’s current and previous plans during the three months ended March 31, 2024 is summarized below:

	Stock Options	Weighted-average Exercise price per share		Weighted-average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)	Intrinsic Value(1) (in thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2023	1,478,157	$	8.40
Exercised	(7,500)	$	2.75
Forfeited or expired	(3,875)	$	48.04
Outstanding at March 31, 2024	1,466,782	$	8.33	5.23	$	3,527
Exercisable at March 31, 2024	1,262,789	$	7.91	4.72	$	3,527
Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2024	1,466,782	$	8.33	5.23	$	3,527

(1) Intrinsic value is calculated as the estimated fair value of the Company’s stock at the end of the related period less the option exercise price of in-the-money options.

Schedule of Restricted Stock Activity

Restricted stock award ("RSA") activity for the three months ended March 31, 2024 is summarized below:

	Restricted Stock Awards	Weighted - Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2023	376,914	$	12.02
Vested	(18,495)	$	12.22
Forfeited	(3,679)	$	12.11
Outstanding at March 31, 2024	354,740	$	12.00

Restricted Stock Unit Activity

Restricted stock unit ("RSU") activity for the three months ended March 31, 2024 is summarized below:

	Restricted Stock Units	Weighted - Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2023	768,139	$	8.15
Granted	65,731	$	6.07
Vested	(129,994)	$	8.14
Forfeited	(12,911)	8.52
Outstanding at March 31, 2024	690,965	$	7.94

Schedule of Common Stock Warrants

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Description of the Business and Financial Condition (Details) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) customer shares	May 31, 2021 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) customer	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) investor	Jan. 31, 2020 investor
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]
Number of customers (more than) | customer	50		50
Cumulative deficit	$ 176,602		$ 176,602		$ 172,456
Net cash used in operations			3,840	$ 5,680	13,700
Net proceeds from offering			16,183	$ 0
Secured convertible notes	0		0		9,949
2020 senior secured convertible note payable, net	$ 9,964		9,964
Public Offering
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]
Public offering (in shares) | shares	2,653,848
Net proceeds from offering	$ 16,200
Security Purchase Agreement | Convertible Debt
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]
Debt instrument, number of investors | investor						2
Secured convertible notes						$ 25,000
Debt instrument, conversion amount						$ 15,000
Security Purchase Agreement | Convertible Debt | First Closing Notes
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]
Debt instrument, number of investors | investor							2
Secured convertible notes	40		40		100
Debt instrument, conversion amount		$ 7,500
Security Purchase Agreement | Convertible Debt | First Closing Notes | Investor
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]
2020 senior secured convertible note payable, net	$ 10,000		$ 10,000		$ 10,000

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Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) segment	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Product Information [Line Items]
Number of industry segments | segment	1
Cash, uninsured amount	$ 0.1
Allowance for doubtful accounts	$ 1.3		$ 1.4
Accounts Receivable | Customer Concentration Risk | Customer 1
Product Information [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	16.00%		28.00%
Accounts Receivable | Customer Concentration Risk | Customer 2
Product Information [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage			26.00%
Accounts Receivable | Customer Concentration Risk | Customer 3
Product Information [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage			16.00%
Accounts Receivable | Customer Concentration Risk | Customer 4
Product Information [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage			10.00%
Revenue Benchmark | Customer Concentration Risk | Customer 1
Product Information [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	9.00%	13.00%
Revenue Benchmark | Customer Concentration Risk | Additional Customer 1
Product Information [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	14.00%
Revenue Benchmark | Customer Concentration Risk | Additional Customer 2
Product Information [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	14.00%
Minimum
Product Information [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	5 years
Term of service agreements	1 year
Payment terms	30 days
Maximum
Product Information [Line Items]
Term of service agreements	3 years
Payment terms	60 days

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Revenue Recognition - Schedule of Revenue by Service Line (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 7,639	$ 5,433
Biologics and drug delivery
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	4,307	2,676
Biologics and Drug Delivery - Disposable Products
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	553	594
Biologics and Drug Delivery - Services and license fees
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	3,754	2,082
Functional neurosurgery navigation and therapy
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	1,927	2,361
Functional Neurosurgery Navigation and Therapy - Disposable Products
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	1,927	1,858
Functional Neurosurgery Navigation and Therapy - Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	0	503
Capital equipment and software
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	1,405	396
Capital Equipment and Software - Systems and Software Products
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	1,155	178
Capital Equipment and Software - Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 250	$ 218

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Revenue Recognition - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Deferred contract costs	$ 193		$ 0
Total revenue	$ 7,639	$ 5,433
Minimum
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Contract liabilities, service agreements, terms	1 year
Maximum
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Contract liabilities, service agreements, terms	3 years
Capital Equipment Related Service Revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 1,500
Capital Equipment and Software-Related Service
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue, remaining performance obligation amount	$ 1,600
Capital Equipment and Software-Related Service | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-04-01
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, percentage	71.00%
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, period	12 months
Capital Equipment and Software-Related Service | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-04-01
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, period

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Revenue Recognition - Schedule of Other Current Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Accounts receivable, net	$ 2,511	$ 3,211
Other contract assets
Unbilled receivables	612	733
Deferred contract costs	$ 193	$ 0

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Revenue Recognition - Schedule of Revenue Recognized by Contract Liability (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Deferred revenues	$ 1,690	$ 3,154

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Fair Value Measurement (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 35,353	$ 23,140

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Inventory - Schedule of Inventory (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Raw materials and work in process	$ 6,123	$ 6,466
Software licenses	211	211
Finished goods	1,626	1,234
Inventory, net, included in current assets	7,960	7,911
Software licenses – non-current	237	386
Total	$ 8,197	$ 8,297

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Note Payable - Narratives (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands		1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jan. 31, 2020 USD ($) investor $ / shares	Nov. 30, 2021 USD ($) shares	May 31, 2021 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) investor	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt					$ 9,964
Secured convertible notes					0	$ 9,949
Security Purchase Agreement | Convertible Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, number of investors | investor				2
Debt instrument, conversion amount				$ 15,000
Secured convertible notes				25,000
Security Purchase Agreement | First Closing Notes | Convertible Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, number of investors | investor	2
Debt instrument, face amount	$ 17,500
Debt instrument, variable interest rate	0.02
Debt instrument, basis spread on variable rate	2.00%
Debt instrument, conversion price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 6.00
Debt instrument, conversion amount			$ 7,500
Accrued interest included in the conversion of debt			$ 40
Debt conversion, shares issued (in shares) | shares			1,256,143
Secured convertible notes					40	100
Security Purchase Agreement | First Closing Notes | Convertible Debt | Investor
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt					$ 10,000	$ 10,000
Security Purchase Agreement Amended | Second Closing Note | Convertible Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, face amount				$ 7,500
Debt conversion, shares issued (in shares) | shares		773,446
Amount of accrued and paid-in-kind interest included in converted debt		$ 300

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Note Payable - Schedule of Principal Payment (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
2025	$ 10,000
Total scheduled principal payment	10,000
Less: Unamortized financing costs	(36)
Total	$ 9,964

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Leases (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) renewal_option	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lease cost | $	$ 0.2	$ 0.3
Office Lease - Solana Beach, California
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lessee, operating lease, term of contract (in years)	5 years
Renew the lease for two additional periods	5 years
Office Lease and Manufacturing facility - Carlsbad, California
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Number of renewal options | renewal_option	2
Office Lease and Manufacturing facility - Carlsbad, California | Minimum
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Renew the lease for two additional periods	36 months
Office Lease and Manufacturing facility - Carlsbad, California | Maximum
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Renew the lease for two additional periods	60 months

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Stockholders’ Equity - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Jun. 03, 2021
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]
Proceeds from issuance of common stock		$ 16,183	$ 0
Public Offering
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]
Sale of stock, shares issued (in shares)	2,653,848
Common stock initially offered at public offering (in shares)	2,307,694
Sale of stock, price per share (in dollars per share)	$ 6.50	$ 6.50
Shares sold pursuant to exercise of underwriters option (in shares)	346,154
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	$ 16,200
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]
Grant (in shares)	236,091	236,091		400,000
Offering period		6 months

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Stockholders' Equity - Schedule of Share Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	$ 1,504	$ 1,307
Stock options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	208	248
RSAs and RSUs
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	1,236	992
ESPP
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	60	67
Cost of revenue
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	22	21
Research and development
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	337	282
Sales and marketing
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	421	362
General and administrative
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	$ 724	$ 642

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Stockholders' Equity - Schedule of Unrecognized Compensation Expense and Weighted-Average Requisite Period (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Remaining Weighted-Average Recognition Period	5 years 2 months 23 days
Stock options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized Expense	$ 792
Remaining Weighted-Average Recognition Period	1 year 5 months 15 days
RSAs and RSUs
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized Expense	$ 5,899
Remaining Weighted-Average Recognition Period	1 year 7 months 6 days

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Stockholders’ Equity - Schedule of Stock Option Activity (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Stock Options
Outstanding, beginning balance (in shares) | shares	1,478,157
Exercised (in shares) | shares	(7,500)
Forfeited or expired (in shares) | shares	(3,875)
Outstanding, ending balance (in shares) | shares	1,466,782
Exercisable at ending (in shares) | shares	1,262,789
Vested and expected to vest at ending (in shares) | shares	1,466,782
Weighted-average Exercise price per share
Outstanding, beginning balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 8.40
Exercised (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	2.75
Forfeited or expired (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	48.04
Outstanding, ending balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	8.33
Exercisable at ending (in usd per share) | $ / shares	7.91
Vested and expected to vest (in usd per share) | $ / shares	$ 8.33
Weighted-average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)
Outstanding	5 years 2 months 23 days
Exercisable at ending	4 years 8 months 19 days
Vested and expected to vest	5 years 2 months 23 days
Intrinsic value, outstanding | $	$ 3,527
Intrinsic value, exercisable | $	3,527
Intrinsic value, vested and expected to vest | $	$ 3,527

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Stockholders’ Equity - Schedule of Restricted Stock Activity (Details) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
RSAs
Restricted Stock Awards
Outstanding, beginning balance (in shares)	354,740	376,914
Vested (in shares)	(18,495)
Forfeited (in shares)	(3,679)
Outstanding, ending balance (in shares)	354,740
Weighted - Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding, beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 12.02
Vested (in dollars per share)	12.22
Forfeited or expired (in dollars per share)	12.11
Outstanding, ending balance (in dollars per share)	$ 12.00
RSUs
Restricted Stock Awards
Outstanding, beginning balance (in shares)	690,965	768,139
Granted (in shares)	65,731
Vested (in shares)	(129,994)
Forfeited (in shares)	(12,911)
Outstanding, ending balance (in shares)	690,965
Weighted - Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding, beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 8.15
Granted (in dollars per share)	6.07
Vested (in dollars per share)	8.14
Forfeited or expired (in dollars per share)	8.52
Outstanding, ending balance (in dollars per share)	$ 7.94