Goodwill and Intangible Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2014

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill has been allocated to reporting units that closely reflect the regions served by the Company’s four trade names: New York Sports Clubs (“NYSC”), Boston Sports Clubs (“BSC”), Washington Sports Clubs (“WSC”) and Philadelphia Sports Clubs (“PSC”), with certain more remote clubs that do not benefit from a regional cluster being considered single reporting units (“Outlier Clubs”), the Company’s three clubs located in Switzerland being considered a single reporting unit (“SSC”), and our BFX Studio ("BFX Studio"). As of December 31, 2014, the WSC region, PSC region, the Outlier Clubs and BFX Studio do not have goodwill balances.

The Company’s annual goodwill impairment tests are performed on the last day of February, or more frequently, should circumstances change which would indicate the fair value of goodwill is below its carrying amount. The determination as to whether a triggering event exists that would warrant an interim review of goodwill and whether a write-down of goodwill is necessary involves significant judgment based on short-term and long-term projections of the Company. Due to the significant decrease in market capitalization and a decline in the Company’s business outlook, the Company performed interim impairment tests as of December 31, 2014 and May 31, 2014.

The Company’s current year annual goodwill impairment test as of February 28, 2014 and the interim test performed as of May 31, 2014 and December 31, 2014 were performed using the two-step goodwill impairment analysis. Step 1 involves comparing the fair value of the Company’s reporting units to their carrying amounts. If the fair value of the reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount, there is no requirement to perform step two of the impairment test, and there is no impairment. If the reporting unit’s carrying amount is greater than the fair value, the second step must be completed to measure the amount of impairment, if any. Step 2 calculates the implied fair value of goodwill by deducting the fair value of all tangible and intangible assets, excluding goodwill, of the reporting unit from the fair value of the reporting unit as determined in Step 1. The implied fair value of goodwill determined in this step is compared to the carrying value of goodwill. If the implied fair value of goodwill is less than the carrying value of goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized equal to the difference. The Company concluded that there would be no remaining implied value attributable to the Outlier Clubs. As a result of the annual test, the Company impaired $137 of goodwill associated with this reporting unit. The Company did not have a goodwill impairment charge in the NYSC, BSC and SSC regions as a result of either test.

For the December 31, 2014, May 31, 2014 and February 28, 2014 impairment tests, fair value was determined by using a weighted combination of two market-based approaches (weighted 50% collectively) and an income approach (weighted 50%), as this combination was deemed to be the most indicative of the Company’s fair value in an orderly transaction between market participants. Under the market-based approaches, the Company utilized information regarding the Company, the Company’s industry as well as publicly available industry information to determine earnings multiples and sales multiples that are used to value the Company’s reporting units. Under the income approach, the Company determined fair value based on estimated future cash flows of each reporting unit, discounted by an estimated weighted-average cost of capital, which reflects the overall level of inherent risk of a reporting unit and the rate of return an outside investor would expect to earn. Determining the fair value of a reporting unit is judgmental in nature and requires the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including revenue growth rates and operating margins, discount rates and future market conditions, among others. These assumptions were determined separately for each reporting unit. The Company believes its assumptions are reasonable, however, there can be no assurance that the Company’s estimates and assumptions made for purposes of the Company’s goodwill impairment testing as of December 31, 2014, May 31, 2014 and February 28, 2014 will prove to be accurate predictions of the future. If the Company’s assumptions regarding forecasted revenue or margin growth rates of certain reporting units are not achieved, the Company may be required to record goodwill impairment charges in future periods, whether in connection with the Company’s next annual impairment testing or prior to that, if any such change constitutes a triggering event outside the quarter when the annual goodwill impairment test is performed. It is not possible at this time to determine if any such future impairment charge would result. The estimated fair values of NYSC and SSC were greater than book values by 40% and 8%, respectively, as of December 31, 2014; 36% and 65%, respectively, as of May 31, 2014 and 48% and 73%, respectively, as of February 28, 2014. BSC was not tested separately in the interim tests as the goodwill balance was deemed immaterial. As of February 28, 2014, the estimated fair value of BSC was 24% greater than book value.

Solely for purposes of establishing inputs for the fair value calculation described above related to goodwill impairment testing, the Company made the following assumptions. The Company developed long-range financial forecasts (five years) for all reporting units and assumed organic growth from the existing club base. Terminal growth rates were calculated for years beyond the five year forecast. As of December 31, 2014, the Company used discount rates ranging from 12.5% to 17.8% and terminal growth rates ranging from 0.5% to 2.0%. As of May 31, 2014, the Company used discount rates ranging from 9.3% to 13.6% and terminal growth rates ranging from 0.5% to 2.0%. As of February 28, 2014, the Company used discount rates ranging from 9.5% to 16.5% and terminal growth rates ranging from 0.0% to 2.8%. These assumptions are developed separately for each reporting unit.

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill from December 31, 2013 through December 31, 2014 are detailed in the charts below.



	NYSC		BSC			SSC			Outlier Clubs			Total
Goodwill, net of accumulated amortization	$	31,403	$	15,775		$	1,321		$	3,982		$	52,481
Less: accumulated impairment of goodwill	—		(15,766		)	—			(3,845		)	(19,611		)
Balance as of December 31, 2013	31,403		9			1,321			137			32,870
Changes due to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations	—		—			(140		)	—			(140		)
Less: impairment of goodwill	—		—			—			(137		)	(137		)
Balance as of December 31, 2014	$	31,403	$	9		$	1,181		$	—		$	32,593

Intangible assets as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:



	As of December 31, 2014
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Intangibles
Membership lists	$	11,344	$	(11,163	)	$	181
Management contracts	250		(73		)	177
Trade names	40		(4		)	36
	$	11,634	$	(11,240	)	$	394



	As of December 31, 2013
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Intangibles
Membership lists	$	11,344	$	(10,696	)	$	648
Non compete agreements	1,508		(1,508		)	—
Management contracts	250		(28		)	222
Trade names	40		(2		)	38
Other	23		(23		)	—
	$	13,165	$	(12,257	)	$	908

Intangible assets were acquired in connection with the Company’s acquisitions during 2013. Amortization expense of intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 was $513 and $314, respectively. There was no amortization expense of intangible assets for the year ended December 31, 2012.

The aggregate amortization expense for the next five years and thereafter of the acquired intangible assets is as follows:



Year Ending December 31,
2015	$	223
2016	36
2017	30
2018	24
2019	19
2020 and thereafter	62
	$	394

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the aggregate amount of goodwill and a description of intangible assets, which may include (a) for amortizable intangible assets (also referred to as finite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, the amount of any significant residual value, and the weighted-average amortization period, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization (also referred to as indefinite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, and (c) the amount of research and development assets acquired and written off in the period, including the line item in the income statement in which the amounts written off are aggregated, if not readily apparent from the income statement. Also discloses (a) for amortizable intangibles assets in total and by major class, the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization, the total amortization expense for the period, and the estimated aggregate amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization the carrying amount in total and by major class, and (c) for goodwill, in total and for each reportable segment, the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the period (including the aggregate amount of goodwill acquired, the aggregate amount of impairment losses recognized, and the amount of goodwill included in the gain (loss) on disposal of a reporting unit). If any part of goodwill has not been allocated to a reportable segment, discloses the unallocated amount and the reasons for not allocating. For each impairment loss recognized related to an intangible asset (excluding goodwill), discloses: (a) a description of the impaired intangible asset and the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method for determining fair value, (c) the caption in the income statement or the statement of activities in which the impairment loss is aggregated, and (d) the segment in which the impaired intangible asset is reported. For each goodwill impairment loss recognized, discloses: (a) a description of the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method of determining the fair value of the associated reporting unit, and (c) if a recognized impairment loss is an estimate not finalized and the reasons why the estimate is not final. May also disclose the nature and amount of any significant adjustments made to a previous estimate of an impairment loss.

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