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Outstanding Exposure
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2014
Outstanding Exposure Disclosure  
Outstanding Exposure
Outstanding Exposure
 
The Company’s financial guaranty contracts are written in either insurance or credit derivative form, but collectively are considered financial guaranty contracts. The Company seeks to limit its exposure to losses by underwriting obligations that are investment grade at inception, or in the case of restructurings of troubled credits, the Company may underwrite new issuances that one or more of the rating agencies may rate below-investment-grade ("BIG") as part of its loss mitigation strategy. The Company diversifies its insured portfolio across asset classes and, in the structured finance portfolio, maintains rigorous subordination or collateralization requirements. Reinsurance is utilized in order to reduce net exposure to certain insured transactions.

     Public finance obligations insured by the Company consist primarily of general obligation bonds supported by the taxing powers of U.S. state or municipal governmental authorities, as well as tax-supported bonds, revenue bonds and other obligations supported by covenants from state or municipal governmental authorities or other municipal obligors to impose and collect fees and charges for public services or specific infrastructure projects. The Company also includes within public finance obligations those obligations backed by the cash flow from leases or other revenues from projects serving substantial public purposes, including utilities, toll roads, health care facilities and government office buildings.

Structured finance obligations insured by the Company are generally issued by special purpose entities, including variable interest entities ("VIEs"), and backed by pools of assets having an ascertainable cash flow or market value or other specialized financial obligations. Some of these VIEs are consolidated as described in Note 10, Consolidated Variable Interest Entities. Unless otherwise specified, the outstanding par and Debt Service amounts presented in this note include outstanding exposures on VIEs whether or not they are consolidated.

Significant Risk Management Activities

The Portfolio Risk Management Committee, which includes members of senior management and senior credit and surveillance officers, sets specific risk policies and limits and is responsible for enterprise risk management, establishing the Company's risk appetite, credit underwriting of new business, surveillance and work-out.

Surveillance personnel are responsible for monitoring and reporting on all transactions in the insured portfolio. The primary objective of the surveillance process is to monitor trends and changes in transaction credit quality, detect any deterioration in credit quality, and recommend to management such remedial actions as may be necessary or appropriate. All transactions in the insured portfolio are assigned internal credit ratings, and surveillance personnel are responsible for recommending adjustments to those ratings to reflect changes in transaction credit quality.

Work-out personnel are responsible for managing work-out and loss mitigation situations, working with surveillance and legal personnel (as well as outside vendors) as appropriate. They develop strategies for the Company to enforce its contractual rights and remedies and to mitigate its losses, engage in negotiation discussions with transaction participants and, when necessary, manage (along with legal personnel) the Company's litigation proceedings.

Surveillance Categories
 
The Company segregates its insured portfolio into investment grade and BIG surveillance categories to facilitate the appropriate allocation of resources to monitoring and loss mitigation efforts and to aid in establishing the appropriate cycle for periodic review for each exposure. BIG exposures include all exposures with internal credit ratings below BBB-. The Company’s internal credit ratings are based on internal assessments of the likelihood of default and loss severity in the event of default. Internal credit ratings are expressed on a ratings scale similar to that used by the rating agencies and are generally reflective of an approach similar to that employed by the rating agencies, except that the Company's internal credit ratings focus on future performance rather than lifetime performance.
 
The Company monitors its investment grade credits to determine whether any new credits need to be internally downgraded to BIG and refreshes its internal credit ratings on individual credits in quarterly, semi-annual or annual cycles based on the Company’s view of the credit’s quality, loss potential, volatility and sector. Ratings on credits in sectors identified as under the most stress or with the most potential volatility are reviewed every quarter. The Company’s credit ratings on assumed credits are based on the Company’s reviews of low-rated credits or credits in volatile sectors, unless such information is not available, in which case, the ceding company’s credit rating of the transactions are used. The Company models the performance of many of its structured finance transactions as part of its periodic internal credit rating review of them. The Company models most assumed residential mortgage-backed security ("RMBS") credits with par above $1 million, as well as certain RMBS credits below that amount.
 
Credits identified as BIG are subjected to further review to determine the probability of a loss. See Note 6, Expected Loss to be Paid, for additional information. Surveillance personnel then assign each BIG transaction to the appropriate BIG surveillance category based upon whether a future loss is expected and whether a claim has been paid. For surveillance purposes, the Company calculates present value using a constant discount rate of 4.5%-5% depending on the insurance subsidiary. (A risk-free curve rate is used for calculating the expected loss for financial statement measurement purposes.)
 
More extensive monitoring and intervention is employed for all BIG surveillance categories, with internal credit ratings reviewed quarterly. The Company expects “future losses” on a transaction when the Company believes there is at least a 50% chance that, on a present value basis, it will pay more claims over the future of that transaction than it will have reimbursed. The three BIG categories are:
 
BIG Category 1: Below-investment-grade transactions showing sufficient deterioration to make future losses possible, but for which none are currently expected.
 
BIG Category 2: Below-investment-grade transactions for which future losses are expected but for which no claims (other than liquidity claims which is a claim that the Company expects to be reimbursed within one year) have yet been paid.
 
BIG Category 3: Below-investment-grade transactions for which future losses are expected and on which claims (other than liquidity claims) have been paid.

Components of Outstanding Exposure

Unless otherwise noted, ratings disclosed herein on the Company's insured portfolio reflect its internal ratings. The Company classifies those portions of risks benefiting from reimbursement obligations collateralized by eligible assets held in trust in acceptable reimbursement structures as the higher of 'AA' or their current internal rating. The Company excludes amounts attributable to loss mitigation securities (unless otherwise indicated) from par and Debt Service outstanding, because it manages such securities as investments and not insurance exposure.

Financial Guaranty
Debt Service Outstanding

 
Gross Debt Service
Outstanding
 
Net Debt Service
Outstanding
 
December 31,
2014
 
December 31,
2013
 
December 31,
2014
 
December 31,
2013
 
(in millions)
Public finance
$
587,245

 
$
650,924

 
$
553,612

 
$
610,011

Structured finance
59,477

 
86,456

 
56,010

 
80,524

Total financial guaranty
$
646,722

 
$
737,380

 
$
609,622

 
$
690,535



In addition to the amounts shown in the table above, the Company’s net mortgage guaranty insurance debt service was approximately $127 million as of December 31, 2014 related to loans originated in Ireland and $152 million as of December 31, 2013 related to loans originated in Ireland and U.K..

Financial Guaranty Portfolio by Internal Rating
As of December 31, 2014 

 
 
Public Finance
U.S.
 
Public Finance
Non-U.S.
 
Structured Finance
U.S
 
Structured Finance
Non-U.S
 
Total
Rating
Category
 
Net Par
Outstanding
 
%
 
Net Par
Outstanding
 
%
 
Net Par
Outstanding
 
%
 
Net Par
Outstanding
 
%
 
Net Par
Outstanding
 
%
 
 
(dollars in millions)
AAA
 
$
4,082

 
1.3
%
 
$
615

 
2.0
%
 
$
20,037

 
48.7
%
 
$
5,409

 
59.6
%
 
$
30,143

 
7.5
%
AA
 
90,464

 
28.1

 
2,785

 
8.9

 
8,213

 
19.9

 
503

 
5.5

 
101,965

 
25.3

A
 
176,298

 
54.7

 
7,192

 
22.9

 
2,940

 
7.1

 
445

 
4.9

 
186,875

 
46.3

BBB
 
43,429

 
13.5

 
19,363

 
61.7

 
1,795

 
4.4

 
1,912

 
21.1

 
66,499

 
16.4

BIG
 
7,850

 
2.4

 
1,404

 
4.5

 
8,186

 
19.9

 
807

 
8.9

 
18,247

 
4.5

Total net par outstanding (1)
 
$
322,123

 
100.0
%
 
$
31,359

 
100.0
%
 
$
41,171

 
100.0
%
 
$
9,076

 
100.0
%
 
$
403,729

 
100.0
%
_____________________
(1)
Excludes $1.3 billion of loss mitigation securities insured and held by the Company as of December 31, 2014, which are primarily in the BIG category.

 Financial Guaranty Portfolio by Internal Rating
As of December 31, 2013 

 
 
Public Finance
U.S.
 
Public Finance
Non-U.S.
 
Structured Finance
U.S
 
Structured Finance
Non-U.S
 
Total
Rating
Category
 
Net Par
Outstanding
 
%
 
Net Par
Outstanding
 
%
 
Net Par
Outstanding
 
%
 
Net Par
Outstanding
 
%
 
Net Par
Outstanding
 
%
 
 
(dollars in millions)
AAA
 
$
4,998

 
1.4
%
 
$
1,016

 
3.0
%
 
$
32,317

 
54.9
%
 
$
9,684

 
69.1
%
 
$
48,015

 
10.5
%
AA
 
107,503

 
30.5

 
422

 
1.2

 
9,431

 
16.0

 
577

 
4.1

 
117,933

 
25.7

A
 
192,841

 
54.8

 
9,453

 
27.9

 
2,580

 
4.4

 
742

 
5.3

 
205,616

 
44.8

BBB
 
37,745

 
10.7

 
21,499

 
63.2

 
3,815

 
6.4

 
1,946

 
13.9

 
65,005

 
14.1

BIG
 
9,094

 
2.6

 
1,608

 
4.7

 
10,764

 
18.3

 
1,072

 
7.6

 
22,538

 
4.9

Total net par outstanding (1)
 
$
352,181

 
100.0
%
 
$
33,998

 
100.0
%
 
$
58,907

 
100.0
%
 
$
14,021

 
100.0
%
 
$
459,107

 
100.0
%
_____________________
(1)
Excludes $1.2 billion of loss mitigation securities insured and held by the Company as of December 31, 2013, which are primarily in the BIG category.

Financial Guaranty Portfolio
by Sector

 
Gross Par Outstanding
 
Ceded Par Outstanding
 
Net Par Outstanding
Sector
As of December 31, 2014
 
As of December 31, 2013
 
As of December 31, 2014
 
As of December 31, 2013
 
As of December 31, 2014
 
As of December 31, 2013
 
(dollars in millions)
Public finance:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

U.S.:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

General obligation
$
144,714

 
$
160,751

 
$
4,438

 
$
5,474

 
$
140,276

 
$
155,277

Tax backed
65,600

 
70,552

 
3,075

 
3,728

 
62,525

 
66,824

Municipal utilities
53,471

 
57,893

 
1,381

 
1,569

 
52,090

 
56,324

Transportation
28,914

 
32,514

 
1,091

 
1,684

 
27,823

 
30,830

Healthcare
16,225

 
17,663

 
1,377

 
1,531

 
14,848

 
16,132

Higher education
13,485

 
14,470

 
386

 
399

 
13,099

 
14,071

Infrastructure finance
5,098

 
5,014

 
917

 
900

 
4,181

 
4,114

Housing
2,880

 
3,518

 
101

 
132

 
2,779

 
3,386

Investor-owned utilities
944

 
992

 
0

 
1

 
944

 
991

Other public finance—U.S.
3,575

 
4,249

 
17

 
17

 
3,558

 
4,232

Total public finance—U.S.
334,906

 
367,616

 
12,783

 
15,435

 
322,123

 
352,181

Non-U.S.:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

Infrastructure finance
15,091

 
17,373

 
2,283

 
2,670

 
12,808

 
14,703

Regulated utilities
14,582

 
15,502

 
3,668

 
4,297

 
10,914

 
11,205

Pooled infrastructure
2,565

 
2,754

 
145

 
234

 
2,420

 
2,520

Other public finance—non-U.S.
6,216

 
6,645

 
999

 
1,075

 
5,217

 
5,570

Total public finance—non-U.S.
38,454

 
42,274

 
7,095

 
8,276

 
31,359

 
33,998

Total public finance
373,360

 
409,890

 
19,878

 
23,711

 
353,482

 
386,179

Structured finance:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

U.S.:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

Pooled corporate obligations
21,791

 
32,955

 
1,145

 
1,630

 
20,646

 
31,325

RMBS
10,109

 
14,542

 
692

 
821

 
9,417

 
13,721

Insurance securitizations
3,480

 
3,082

 
47

 
47

 
3,433

 
3,035

Financial product
2,276

 
2,709

 

 

 
2,276

 
2,709

Consumer receivables
2,157

 
2,257

 
58

 
59

 
2,099

 
2,198

Commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS") and other commercial real estate related exposures
1,979

 
3,990

 
22

 
38

 
1,957

 
3,952

Commercial receivables
567

 
918

 
7

 
7

 
560

 
911

Structured credit
71

 
71

 
2

 
2

 
69

 
69

Other structured finance—U.S.
858

 
2,067

 
144

 
1,080

 
714

 
987

Total structured finance—U.S.
43,288

 
62,591

 
2,117

 
3,684

 
41,171

 
58,907

Non-U.S.:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

Pooled corporate obligations
7,439

 
12,232

 
835

 
1,174

 
6,604

 
11,058

Commercial receivables
965

 
1,286

 
21

 
23

 
944

 
1,263

RMBS
893

 
1,296

 
99

 
150

 
794

 
1,146

Structured credit
9

 
197

 

 
21

 
9

 
176

Other structured finance—non-U.S.
750

 
403

 
25

 
25

 
725

 
378

Total structured finance—non-U.S.
10,056

 
15,414

 
980

 
1,393

 
9,076

 
14,021

Total structured finance
53,344

 
78,005

 
3,097

 
5,077

 
50,247

 
72,928

Total net par outstanding
$
426,704

 
$
487,895

 
$
22,975

 
$
28,788

 
$
403,729

 
$
459,107


In addition to amounts shown in the tables above, the Company had outstanding commitments to provide guaranties of $276 million for structured finance and $248 million for public finance obligations at December 31, 2014. The structured finance commitments include the unfunded component of pooled corporate and other transactions. The expiration dates for the public finance commitments range between January 15, 2015 and February 17, 2017, with $124 million expiring prior to December 31, 2015. The commitments are contingent on the satisfaction of all conditions set forth in them and may expire unused or be canceled at the counterparty’s request. Therefore, the total commitment amount does not necessarily reflect actual future guaranteed amounts.

Actual maturities of insured obligations could differ from contractual maturities because borrowers have the right to call or prepay certain obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. The expected maturities of structured finance obligations are, in general, considerably shorter than the contractual maturities for such obligations.

Expected Amortization of
Net Par Outstanding
As of December 31, 2014

 
Public Finance
 
Structured Finance
 
Total
 
(in millions)
0 to 5 years
$
98,431

 
$
36,482

 
$
134,913

5 to 10 years
75,279

 
5,454

 
80,733

10 to 15 years
67,354

 
2,874

 
70,228

15 to 20 years
51,139

 
2,412

 
53,551

20 years and above
61,279

 
3,025

 
64,304

Total net par outstanding
$
353,482

 
$
50,247

 
$
403,729



 
Components of BIG Portfolio

Components of BIG Net Par Outstanding
(Insurance and Credit Derivative Form)
As of December 31, 2014

 
BIG Net Par Outstanding
 
Net Par
 
BIG 1
 
BIG 2
 
BIG 3
 
Total BIG
 
Outstanding
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
 
 
 
 
First lien U.S. RMBS:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Prime first lien
$
68

 
$
33

 
$
252

 
$
353

 
$
471

Alt-A first lien
585

 
531

 
725

 
1,841

 
2,532

Option ARM
47

 
18

 
118

 
183

 
407

Subprime
156

 
654

 
765

 
1,575

 
4,051

Second lien U.S. RMBS:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Closed-end second lien

 
19

 
115

 
134

 
218

Home equity lines of credit (“HELOCs”)
1,012

 
36

 
509

 
1,557

 
1,738

Total U.S. RMBS
1,868

 
1,291

 
2,484

 
5,643

 
9,417

Trust preferred securities (“TruPS”)
997

 

 
336

 
1,333

 
4,326

Other structured finance
1,021

 
240

 
756

 
2,017

 
36,504

U.S. public finance
6,577

 
1,156

 
117

 
7,850

 
322,123

Non-U.S. public finance
1,402

 
2

 

 
1,404

 
31,359

Total
$
11,865

 
$
2,689

 
$
3,693

 
$
18,247

 
$
403,729






 Components of BIG Net Par Outstanding
(Insurance and Credit Derivative Form)
As of December 31, 2013

 
BIG Net Par Outstanding
 
Net Par
 
BIG 1
 
BIG 2
 
BIG 3
 
Total BIG
 
Outstanding
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
 
 
 
 
First lien U.S. RMBS:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Prime first lien
$
52

 
$
321

 
$
30

 
$
403

 
$
541

Alt-A first lien
656

 
1,137

 
935

 
2,728

 
3,590

Option ARM
71

 
60

 
467

 
598

 
937

Subprime
297

 
908

 
740

 
1,945

 
6,130

Second lien U.S. RMBS:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Closed-end second lien
8

 
20

 
118

 
146

 
244

HELOCs
1,499

 
20

 
378

 
1,897

 
2,279

Total U.S. RMBS
2,583

 
2,466

 
2,668

 
7,717

 
13,721

TruPS
1,587

 
135

 

 
1,722

 
4,970

Other structured finance
1,367

 
309

 
721

 
2,397

 
54,237

U.S. public finance
8,205

 
440

 
449

 
9,094

 
352,181

Non-U.S. public finance
1,009

 
599

 

 
1,608

 
33,998

Total
$
14,751

 
$
3,949

 
$
3,838

 
$
22,538

 
$
459,107




BIG Net Par Outstanding
and Number of Risks
As of December 31, 2014

 
 
Net Par Outstanding
 
Number of Risks(2)
Description
 
Financial
Guaranty
Insurance(1)
 
Credit
Derivative
 
Total
 
Financial
Guaranty
Insurance(1)
 
Credit
Derivative
 
Total
 
 
(dollars in millions)
BIG:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Category 1
 
$
10,195

 
$
1,670

 
$
11,865

 
164

 
18

 
182

Category 2
 
2,135

 
554

 
2,689

 
75

 
14

 
89

Category 3
 
2,892

 
801

 
3,693

 
119

 
24

 
143

Total BIG
 
$
15,222

 
$
3,025

 
$
18,247

 
358

 
56

 
414




BIG Net Par Outstanding
and Number of Risks
As of December 31, 2013

 
 
Net Par Outstanding
 
Number of Risks(2)
Description
 
Financial
Guaranty
Insurance(1)
 
Credit
Derivative
 
Total
 
Financial
Guaranty
Insurance(1)
 
Credit
Derivative
 
Total
 
 
(dollars in millions)
BIG:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Category 1
 
$
12,391

 
$
2,360

 
$
14,751

 
185

 
25

 
210

Category 2
 
2,323

 
1,626

 
3,949

 
80

 
21

 
101

Category 3
 
3,031

 
807

 
3,838

 
119

 
27

 
146

Total BIG
 
$
17,745

 
$
4,793

 
$
22,538

 
384

 
73

 
457

_____________________
(1)    Includes net par outstanding for FG VIEs.
 
(2)
A risk represents the aggregate of the financial guaranty policies that share the same revenue source for purposes of making Debt Service payments.
 
Geographic Distribution of Net Par Outstanding

The Company seeks to maintain a diversified portfolio of insured obligations designed to spread its risk across a number of geographic areas.

Geographic Distribution of
Net Par Outstanding
As of December 31, 2014

 
Number of Risks
 
Net Par Outstanding
 
Percent of Total Net Par Outstanding
 
(dollars in millions)
U.S.:
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Public finance:
 
 
 
 
 
California
1,465

 
$
50,668

 
12.6
%
Pennsylvania
1,009

 
26,173

 
6.5

New York
995

 
26,044

 
6.5

Texas
1,239

 
25,449

 
6.3

Illinois
830

 
22,825

 
5.7

Florida
384

 
19,470

 
4.8

New Jersey
602

 
13,558

 
3.4

Michigan
668

 
12,739

 
3.2

Georgia
192

 
8,217

 
2.0

Ohio
507

 
7,818

 
1.9

Other states and U.S. territories
4,174

 
109,162

 
27.0

Total U.S. public finance
12,065

 
322,123

 
79.9

U.S. Structured finance (multiple states)
839

 
41,171

 
10.2

Total U.S.
12,904

 
363,294

 
90.1

Non-U.S.:
 
 
 
 
 
United Kingdom
114

 
19,856

 
4.9

Australia
26

 
4,121

 
1.0

Canada
10

 
3,526

 
0.9

France
20

 
2,820

 
0.7

Italy
9

 
1,501

 
0.4

Other
78

 
8,611

 
2.0

Total non-U.S.
257

 
40,435

 
9.9

Total
13,161

 
$
403,729

 
100.0
%












Exposure to the Selected European Countries

Several European countries continue to experience significant economic, fiscal and/or political strains such that the likelihood of default on obligations with a nexus to those countries may be higher than the Company anticipated when such factors did not exist. The European countries where the Company believes heightened uncertainties exist are: Hungary, Italy, Portugal and Spain (collectively, the “Selected European Countries”). The Company is closely monitoring its exposures in the Selected European Countries where it believes heightened uncertainties exist. Previously, the Company had included Ireland on this list but removed it during the third quarter of 2014 because of Ireland's strengthening economic performance and improving prospects; in 2014, Ireland's long-term foreign currency rating was upgraded one notch by S&P (to ‘A-’) and three notches by Moody’s (to ‘Baa1’). The Company’s direct economic exposure to the Selected European Countries (based on par for financial guaranty contracts and notional amount for financial guaranty contracts accounted for as derivatives) is shown in the following table, net of ceded reinsurance.

Net Direct Economic Exposure to Selected European Countries(1)
As of December 31, 2014

 
Hungary
 
Italy
 
Portugal
 
Spain
 
Total
 
(in millions)
Sovereign and sub-sovereign exposure:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Non-infrastructure public finance(2)
$

 
$
878

 
$
91

 
$
239

 
$
1,208

Infrastructure finance
313

 
13

 
11

 
135

 
472

Total sovereign and sub-sovereign exposure
313

 
891

 
102

 
374

 
1,680

Non-sovereign exposure:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Regulated utilities

 
220

 

 

 
220

RMBS
186

 
267

 

 

 
453

Total non-sovereign exposure
186

 
487

 

 

 
673

Total
$
499

 
$
1,378

 
$
102

 
$
374

 
$
2,353

Total BIG (See Note 6)
$
424

 
$

 
$
102

 
$
374

 
$
900

 ____________________
(1)
While the Company’s exposures are shown in U.S. dollars, the obligations the Company insures are in various currencies, primarily Euros. One of the residential mortgage-backed securities included in the table above includes residential mortgages in both Italy and Germany, and only the portion of the transaction equal to the portion of the original mortgage pool in Italian mortgages is shown in the table.

(2)
The exposure shown in the “Non-infrastructure public finance” category is from transactions backed by receivable payments from sub-sovereigns in Italy, Spain and Portugal. Sub-sovereign debt is debt issued by a governmental entity or government backed entity, or supported by such an entity, that is other than direct sovereign debt of the ultimate governing body of the country.
 
When the Company directly insures an obligation, it assigns the obligation to a geographic location or locations based on its view of the geographic location of the risk. The Company may also have direct exposures to the Selected European Countries in business assumed from unaffiliated monoline insurance companies, in which case the Company depends upon geographic information provided by the primary insurer.

The Company has excluded from the exposure tables above its indirect economic exposure to the Selected European Countries through policies it provides on pooled corporate and commercial receivables transactions. The Company calculates indirect exposure to a country by multiplying the par amount of a transaction insured by the Company times the percent of the relevant collateral pool reported as having a nexus to the country. On that basis, the Company has calculated exposure of $418 million of Selected European Countries (plus Greece) in transactions with $11.6 billion of net par outstanding. The indirect exposure to credits with a nexus to Greece is $12 million across several highly rated pooled corporate obligations with net par outstanding of $864 million.




Exposure to Puerto Rico
         
The Company insures general obligation bonds of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and various obligations of its related authorities and public corporations aggregating $4.9 billion net par as of December 31, 2014. The Company rates $4.7 billion net par of that amount BIG; included in that amount are the obligations of Puerto Rico Highway and Transportation Authority (“PRHTA”) (transportation), Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority (“PREPA”), and PRHTA (highway).

Puerto Rico has experienced significant general fund budget deficits in recent years. These deficits have been covered primarily with the net proceeds of bond issuances, interim financings provided by Government Development Bank for Puerto Rico (“GDB”) and, in some cases, one-time revenue measures or expense adjustment measures. In addition to high debt levels, Puerto Rico faces a challenging economic environment.
 
In June 2014, the Puerto Rico legislature passed the Puerto Rico Public Corporation Debt Enforcement and Recovery Act (the "Recovery Act") in order to provide a legislative framework for certain public corporations experiencing severe financial stress to restructure their debt, including PRHTA and PREPA. Subsequently, the Commonwealth stated PREPA might need to seek relief under the Recovery Act due to liquidity constraints, and disclosed PREPA had utilized approximately $42 million on deposit in its reserve account in order to pay debt service due on its bonds on July 1, 2014.

In August 2014, PREPA entered into forbearance agreements with the GDB, its bank lenders, and bondholders and financial guaranty insurers (including AGM and AGC) that hold or guarantee more than 60% of PREPA's outstanding bonds, in order to address its near-term liquidity issues. Creditors, including AGM and AGC, agreed not to exercise available rights and remedies until March 31, 2015, and the bank lenders agreed to extend the maturity of two revolving lines of credit to the same date. PREPA agreed it would continue to make principal and interest payments on its outstanding bonds, and interest payments on its lines of credit. It also agreed it would develop a five year business plan and a recovery program in respect of its operations; a preliminary business plan was released in December 2014. Creditors, including AGM and AGC, have begun discussions among themselves and with PREPA regarding potentially extending the forbearance agreements beyond March 31, 2015, but there can be no assurance that such discussions will result in such an extension.

Investors in bonds issued by PREPA had filed suit in the United States District Court for the District of Puerto Rico asserting the Recovery Act violates the U.S. Constitution. On February 6, 2015, the U.S. District Court for the District of Puerto Rico ruled the Recovery Act is preempted by the U.S. Bankruptcy Code and is therefore void; on February 19, 2015, the Commonwealth appealed the ruling to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit. In addition, the Commonwealth's Resident Commissioner has introduced a bill to the U.S. Congress that, if passed, would enable the Commonwealth to authorize one or more of its public corporations to restructure their debts under chapter 9 of the U.S Bankruptcy Code if they were to become insolvent. The passage of the Recovery Act, its subsequent invalidation, and the introduction of legislation that would enable the Commonwealth to authorize chapter 9 protection for its public corporations have resulted in uncertainty among investors about the rights of creditors of the Commonwealth and its related authorities and public corporations.

Following the enactment of the Recovery Act, S&P, Moody’s and Fitch Ratings lowered the credit rating of the Commonwealth’s bonds and the ratings on certain of its public corporations. In February 2015, S&P and Moody’s each again lowered the credit rating of the Commonwealth's bonds and the ratings on certain of its public corporations. The Commonwealth has disclosed its liquidity has been adversely affected by rating agency downgrades and by the limited market access for its debt, and also noted it has relied on short-term financings and interim loans from the GDB and other private lenders, which reliance has constrained its liquidity and increased its near-term refinancing risk.

In December 2014, Puerto Rico's legislature approved a bill designed to stabilize PRHTA and improve the liquidity of the GDB. Signed by the governor on January 15, 2015, the legislation provides for certain tax revenues that would support PRHTA and require the transfer of certain liabilities and revenues from PHRTA to another authority, as well as requiring the transfer of the operations of poorly performing transit facilities to a new authority.
    
Puerto Rico
Gross Par and Gross Debt Service Outstanding

 
Gross Par Outstanding
 
Gross Debt Service Outstanding
 
December 31,
2014
 
December 31,
2013
 
December 31,
2014
 
December 31,
2013
 
(in millions)
Subject to the Now Voided Recovery Act (1)
$
3,058

 
$
3,279

 
$
5,326

 
$
5,748

Not subject to the Now Voided Recovery Act
2,977

 
3,517

 
4,748

 
5,599

   Total
$
6,035

 
$
6,796

 
$
10,074

 
$
11,347

 ____________________
(1)
On February 6, 2015, the U.S. District Court for the District of Puerto Rico ruled that the Recovery Act is preempted by the Federal Bankruptcy Code and is therefore void. On February 19, 2015, the Commonwealth appealed the ruling to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit.

The following table shows the Company’s exposure to general obligation bonds of Puerto Rico and various obligations of its related authorities and public corporations.

Puerto Rico
Net Par Outstanding

 
 
As of
December 31, 2014
 
As of
December 31, 2013
 
 
Total
 
Internal Rating
 
Total
 
Internal Rating
 
 
(in millions)
Exposures subject to the Now Voided Recovery Act:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PRHTA (Transportation revenue)
 
$
844

 
BB-
 
$
872

 
BB-
PREPA
 
772

 
B-
 
860

 
BB-
Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority
 
384

 
BB-
 
384

 
BB-
PRHTA (Highway revenue)
 
273

 
BB
 
302

 
BB
Puerto Rico Convention Center District Authority
 
174

 
BB-
 
185

 
BB-
Puerto Rico Public Finance Corporation
 

 
 
44

 
B
Total
 
2,447

 
 
 
2,647

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exposures not subject to the Now Voided Recovery Act:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico - General Obligation Bonds
 
1,672

 
BB
 
1,885

 
BB
Puerto Rico Municipal Finance Agency
 
399

 
BB-
 
450

 
BB-
Puerto Rico Sales Tax Financing Corporation
 
269

 
BBB
 
268

 
A-
Puerto Rico Public Buildings Authority
 
100

 
BB
 
139

 
BB
GDB
 
33

 
BB
 
33

 
BB
Puerto Rico Infrastructure Finance Authority
 
18

 
BB-
 
18

 
BB-
University of Puerto Rico
 
1

 
BB-
 
1

 
BB-
Total
 
2,492

 
 
 
2,794

 
 
Total net exposure to Puerto Rico
 
$
4,939

 
 
 
$
5,441

 
 


The following table shows the scheduled amortization of the general obligation bonds of Puerto Rico and various obligations of its related authorities and public corporations insured and rated BIG by the Company. The Company guarantees payments of interest and principal when those amounts are scheduled to be paid and cannot be required to pay on an accelerated basis. In the event that obligors default on their obligations, the Company would only be required to pay the shortfall between the principal and interest due in any given period and the amount paid by the obligors.

Amortization Schedule of Puerto Rico BIG Net Par Outstanding
and BIG Net Debt Service Outstanding
As of December 31, 2014

 
Scheduled BIG Net Par Amortization
 
Scheduled BIG Net Debt Service Amortization
 
 
Subject to the Now Voided Recovery Act
 
Not Subject to the Now Voided Recovery Act
 
Total
 
Subject to the Now Voided Recovery Act
 
Not Subject to the Now Voided Recovery Act
 
Total
 
 
(in millions)
 
2015
$
126

 
$
205

 
$
331

 
$
249

 
$
319

 
$
568

 
2016
84

 
183

 
267

 
199

 
287

 
486

 
2017
41

 
166

 
207

 
153

 
262

 
415

 
2018
48

 
109

 
157

 
158

 
195

 
353

 
2019
61

 
126

 
187

 
168

 
207

 
375

 
2020
73

 
182

 
255

 
176

 
258

 
434

 
2021
51

 
58

 
109

 
151

 
124

 
275

 
2022
42

 
67

 
109

 
140

 
129

 
269

 
2023
102

 
40

 
142

 
198

 
99

 
297

 
2024
82

 
78

 
160

 
174

 
136

 
310

 
2025 - 2029
576

 
340

 
916

 
951

 
566

 
1,517

 
2030 - 2034
440

 
387

 
827

 
696

 
541

 
1,237

 
2035 - 2039
397

 
270

 
667

 
526

 
304

 
830

 
2040 - 2044
78

 
12

 
90

 
147

 
13

 
160

 
2045 - 2047
246

 

 
246

 
271

 

 
271

 
Total
$
2,447

 
$
2,223

 
$
4,670

 
$
4,357

 
$
3,440

 
$
7,797