EX-3.28 30 dex328.txt BY-LAWS OF OF NORTH AMERICAN SERVICES INC. EXHIBIT 3.28 BY-LAW NO. 1 ------------ A By-law relating generally to the transaction of the business and affairs of NORTH AMERICAN SERVICES INC. COOK DUKE COX (c) BY-LAW NO. 1 ------------ TABLE OF CONTENTS ----------------- AND BUSINESS CORPORATIONS ACT REFERENCE ----------------------------------- Section of Section Act as at of By-law Page Feb. 1/82 --------- ---- ---------- SECTION 1 - INTERPRETATION -------------------------- Definitions 1.1 1 1 Interpretation 1.2 1 -- Conflict with Act 1.3 1 -- Conflict with Documents 1.4 1 -- Headings 1.5 1 -- SECTION 2 - DIRECTORS AND BOARD ------------------------------- Calling of Meeting 2.1 1 99, 109 Notice of Meetings 2.2 2 109, 246 Telecommunication 2.3 2 109 Consent Resolution 2.4 2 112 Casting Vote 2.5 2 -- Committees of Directors 2.6 2 110 Corporate Seal 2.7 2 23 Execution of Instruments 2.8 2 -- Dividends 2.9 2 -- SECTION 3 - OFFICERS -------------------- Appointment 3.1 2 116 Chairman of the Board 3.2 3 -- President 3.3 3 -- Vice-President 3.4 3 -- Managing director 3.5 3 110 Secretary 3.6 3 -- Treasurer 3.7 4 -- Other Officers 3.8 4 -- Variation of Powers and Duties 3.9 4 116 Removal and Discharge 3.10 4 116 Term of Office 3.11 4 -- Signed for identification effective as of the 9th day of March, 1998. By: /s/ [Illegible] ------------------------------------- PRESIDENT Table of Contents Page 2 Section of By-law Page Section of Act --------- ---- --------------- SECTION 4 - SHAREHOLDERS AND SHARES ----------------------------------- Telecommunication Meetings 4.1 4 126 Persons Entitled to be Present 4.2 4 105, 129, 246 Chairman 4.3 4 -- Secretary of Meeting 4.4 5 -- Chairman's Casting vote 4.5 5 -- Chairman's Declaration 4.6 5 -- Voting by Ballot 4.7 5 135 Scrutineers 4.8 5 -- Joint Shareholders 4.9 5 134 Vote by Joint Shareholders 4.10 5 134 Proxy 4.11 5 141, 142, 143 SECTION 5 - INDEMNIFICATION --------------------------- Indemnification of Directors and Officers 5.1 6 119 Indemnification of Others 5.2 7 119 Right of Indemnity not Exclusive 5.3 7 -- SECTION 6 - GENERAL ------------------- Notices 6.1 7 246 Waiver of Notice 6.2 7 248 Notice to Joint Shareholders 6.3 7 -- Signature on Notice 6.4 7 -- BY-LAW NO. 1 A By-law relating generally to the transaction of the business and affairs of NORTH AMERICAN SERVICES INC. SECTION 1 - INTERPRETATION -------------------------- 1.1 Definitions. In these and other by-laws of the Corporation, unless the context otherwise requires: (a) "Act" means the Business Corporations Act, Statutes of Alberta 1981, Chapter B- 15 as amended from time to time, and any Statute that may be substituted therefor, as amended from time to time; (b) "appoint" includes "elect" and vice versa; (c) "Board" means the board of directors of the Corporation; (d) "By-laws" means this By-law and all other by-laws of the Corporation from time to time in force and effect; (e) "Corporation" means the Corporation which has adopted these By-laws and to which the same apply. (f) "shareholder" means a shareholder of the Corporation. 1.2 Interpretation. Words and expressions defined in the Act have the same meanings when used in the By-laws. Words importing the singular number include the plural and vice versa and words importing gender include masculine, feminine and neuter genders as required by the context. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, a reference to the directors shall include a sole director when the Corporation has only a sole director. 1.3 Conflict with Act. The By-laws are subject to the provisions of the Act, unless the Act otherwise specifically provides. 1.4 Conflict with Documents. The By-laws are subject to the provisions of the articles and any unanimous shareholders agreement and in the event of conflict between the provisions of any By-laws and the provisions of the articles or a unanimous shareholders agreement, the provisions of the articles or the unanimous shareholders agreement shall prevail over the By-laws. 1.5 Headings. The headings and indices used in the By-laws are inserted for convenience of reference only and do not affect the interpretation of the By-laws or any part thereof. SECTION 2 - DIRECTORS AND BOARD ------------------------------- 2.1 Calling of Meeting. The Secretary shall, upon request of a director, summon a meeting of the Board. - 2 - 2.2 Notice of Meetings. Notice of the time and place of Board meetings shall be given to each director not less than seventy two (72) hours before the time of the meeting. A notice of a meeting of directors need not specify the purpose or the business to be transacted at the meeting, except where the Act requires otherwise. 2.3 Telecommunication. A director may participate in a Board meeting or of a committee of directors by means of telephone or other communication facilities that permit all directors participating in the meeting to hear each other and a director participating in a meeting by those means is deemed to be present at the meeting. 2.4 Consent Resolution. A resolution or resolutions signed by all of the directors, as such, without meeting together, whether embodied in the form of minutes of a Board meeting or not, shall be valid and effectual as if passed at a Board meeting duly called and constituted and shall be entered into the minute book of the Corporation accordingly, and may relate back to any date therein stated to be the effective date thereof. A director may signify his assent to such resolution or resolutions in writing or by means of telecommunication with respect to which a written record is made. 2.5 Casting Vote. At all Board meetings, every question shall be decided by a majority of votes cast on each question. In the case of an equality of votes, the chairman of the meeting shall not be entitled to a second or casting vote in addition to the vote or votes to which he may be entitled as a director. 2.6 Committees of Directors. Unless otherwise ordered by the Board each committee of directors shall have power to fix its quorum at not less than a majority of its members, to elect its chairman and to regulate its procedure. 2.7 Corporate Seal. The Board may adopt and change a corporate seal which shall contain the name of the Corporation and the Board may cause to be created as many duplicates thereof as the Board shall determine. 2.8 Execution of Instruments. The Board may from time to time direct the manner in which, and the person or persons by whom, any particular instrument or class of instruments may or shall be signed and delivered. In the absence of a director's resolution, any particular instrument or class of instruments may be signed and delivered on behalf of the Corporation by any person holding the office of Chairman of the Board, President, Vice-president, Secretary, Treasurer or Managing director or any other office created by By-law or by the directors, or if the Corporation is authorized to have and has only one (1) director by any such person acting alone. Any signing officer may affix the corporate seal to any instrument requiring the same. 2.9 Dividends. Subject to the provisions of the Act, the Board may from time to time declare and pay dividends (including interim dividends) payable to the Shareholders according to their respective rights and interests in the Corporation and such dividends may be paid in money or property or by issuing fully paid shares of the Corporation, or any combination thereof. SECTION 3 - OFFICERS -------------------- 3.1 Appointment. The Board may from time to time appoint a Chairman of the Board, a President, one (1) or more Vice-Presidents (to which title may be added words - 3 - indicating seniority or function), a Secretary, a Treasurer, a Managing director, and such other officers as the directors may determine, including one (1) or more assistants to any of the officers so appointed. Subject to those powers and authority which by law may only be exercised by the directors, the officers of the Corporation may exercise respectively such powers and authority and shall perform such duties, in addition to those specified in the By-laws, as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board. Except for the Chairman of the Board, if appointed, and the Managing director, if appointed, an officer may, but need not be, a director. One (1) person may hold more than one (1) office of the Corporation except that the offices of President and Secretary must be held by different persons unless the Board consists of a sole director. The Board may also from time to time appoint other agents, attorneys, officers and employees of the Corporation within or without Canada, who may be given such titles and who may exercise such powers and authority (including the power of subdelegation) and shall perform such duties of management or otherwise, as the Board may from time to time prescribe. In case of the absence of any officer or employee of the Corporation or for any other reason that the Board may deem sufficient, the Board may delegate for the time being the powers and authority of such officer or employee to any other officer or employee or to any director of the Corporation. 3.2 Chairman of the Board. The Chairman of the Board, if appointed, shall preside at all meetings of the Board and may exercise such other powers and authority and shall perform the duties which the directors may from time to time prescribe. 3.3 President. The President shall be the chief operating officer of the Corporation and, subject to the authority of the Board shall have general supervision of the business and affairs of the Corporation and shall have such other powers and duties as the Board may specify. In the event no Chairman of the Board has been appointed or during the absence of the Chairman of the Board or inability or failure of the Chairman of the Board to act, the President shall also have the powers and duties of the office of Chairman of the Board. 3.4 Vice-President. The Vice-President, or if more than one (1) Vice-President has been appointed, the Vice-Presidents, may exercise such powers and authority and shall perform such duties as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board. During the absence of the President or the inability or failure of the President to act, the Vice-President, or if more than one (1) Vice-President has been appointed, the Vice-President first appointed, shall also have the powers and duties of the office of President. 3.5 Managing Director. The Managing director, if appointed, shall manage the operations of the Corporation generally, and may exercise such other powers and authority and shall perform such other duties as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board. 3.6 Secretary. The Secretary, if appointed, shall attend and be the secretary to all Board meetings, shareholders and committees of the Board and shall enter or cause to be entered in records kept for that purpose minutes of all proceedings at such meetings. The Secretary shall give or cause to be given as and when instructed all notices to shareholders, directors, officers, auditors and members of committees of the Board. The Secretary shall be the custodian of the corporate seal, if any, of the Corporation and shall have charge of all books, papers, reports, certificates, records, documents, registers and instruments belonging to the Corporation. The Secretary shall be responsible for registering or filing of all reports, certificates and all other documents required by law to be registered or filed by the Corporation. The Secretary shall certify any documents of the Corporation except when some other officer or agent has been appointed for any such purpose and may exercise such other powers and authority and shall - 4 - perform such other duties as may from time to time be prescribed by the directors or the President. 3.7 Treasurer. The Treasurer, if appointed, shall be responsible for the keeping of proper accounting records in compliance with the Act and shall be responsible for the deposit of monies and other valuable effects of the Corporation in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such banks or other depositories as the Board may from time to time designate and he shall be responsible for the disbursement of the funds of the Corporation. The Treasurer shall render to the President and the Board whenever so directed an account of all financial transactions and of the financial position of the Corporation. The Treasurer shall be subject to the control of the President and may exercise such other powers and authority and shall perform such other duties as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board or by the President. Whenever the Secretary is also the Treasurer the office may be designated Secretary-Treasurer. 3.8 Other Officers. The powers and duties of all other officers shall be such as prescribed by the Board. Any of the powers and duties of an officer to whom an assistant has been appointed may be exercised and performed by such assistant, unless the directors otherwise direct. 3.9 Variation of Powers and Duties. The Board may from time to time vary, add to or limit the powers, authority and duties of any officer. 3.10 Removal and Discharge. The Board may remove any officer of the Corporation, with or without cause, at any time, unless the resolution or contract providing for the appointment of such officer stipulates otherwise. 3.11 Term of Office. Each officer appointed by the Board shall hold office until a successor is appointed, or until his earlier resignation or removal by the Board. SECTION 4 - SHAREHOLDERS AND SHARES ----------------------------------- 4.1 Telecommunication Meetings. A shareholder or any other person entitled to attend a meeting of shareholders may participate in the meeting by means of telephone or other communication facilities that permit all persons participating in the meeting to hear each other (and a person participating in such a meeting by those means is deemed to be present at the meeting). 4.2 Persons Entitled to be Present. The only persons entitled to be present at a meeting of the shareholders shall be those persons entitled to vote thereat, the directors and auditor (if any) of the Corporation and others who, although not entitled to vote, are entitled or required under any provision of the Act or the articles or By-laws to be present at the meeting. Any other persons may be admitted only on the invitation of the chairman of the meeting or with the consent of the meeting. 4.3 Chairman. The chairman of any meeting of the shareholders shall be the first mentioned of such of the following officers as have been appointed and who is present at the meeting: (a) the Chairman of the Board; (b) the President; - 5 - (c) any Vice-President (and where more than one (1) Vice-President is present at the meeting, then the priority to act as chairman as between them shall be in order of their appointment to the office of Vice-President). If no such officer is present within fifteen (15) minutes from the time fixed for the holding of the meeting of the shareholders, the persons present and entitled to vote shall choose one (1) of their number then present to be chairman of that meeting. 4.4 Secretary of Meeting. If the Secretary of the Corporation is absent, the chairman of a meeting of shareholders shall appoint some person, who need not be a shareholder, to act as secretary of the meeting. 4.5 Chairman's Casting Vote. In the case of an equality of votes at a meeting of shareholders, the chairman of the meeting shall not be entitled to a second or casting vote in addition to the vote or votes to which he may be entitled as a shareholder. 4.6 Chairman's Declaration. At any meeting of shareholders, unless a ballot is demanded, a declaration by the chairman of the meeting that a resolution has been carried or carried unanimously or by a particular majority or lost or not carried by a particular majority shall be conclusive evidence of the fact without proof of the number or proportion of votes recorded in favour of or against the motion. 4.7 Voting by Ballot. If a ballot is demanded by a shareholder or proxy-holder entitled to vote at a shareholder's meeting and the demand is not withdrawn, the ballot upon the motion shall be taken in such manner as the chairman of the meeting shall direct. Upon a ballot each shareholder who is present in person or represented by proxy shall be entitled, in respect of the shares which he is entitled to vote at the meeting upon the question, to that number of votes provided by the Act or the articles. The declaration by the chairman of the meeting that the vote upon the question has been carried, or carried unanimously or by a particular majority, or lost or not carried by a particular majority and an entry in the minutes of the meeting shall be prima facie evidence of the fact without proof of the number or proportion of votes recorded in favour of or against any resolution or question. 4.8 Scrutineers. The chairman or the secretary at any meeting of the shareholders or the shareholders then present may appoint one (1) or more scrutineers, who need not be shareholders, to count and report upon the results of the voting which is done by ballot. 4.9 Joint Shareholders. Where any share entitled to be voted at a meeting of shareholders is held by two (2) or more persons jointly, those persons or such of them that attend the meeting of the shareholders shall only constitute one (1) shareholder for purposes of determining whether a quorum of shareholders is present. 4.10 Vote by Joint Shareholders. If two (2) or more persons hold shares jointly, one (1) of those holders present at a meeting of shareholders may, in the absence of the others, vote the shares, but if two (2) or more of those persons who are present in person or by proxy shall fail to vote as one (l), the vote of such joint shareholders shall not be recognized. 4.11 Proxy.The form of proxy by which a proxy-holder may be appointed for any meeting of the shareholders shall be in the following form or in any other appropriate form accepted by the chairman of the meeting: - 6 - "Proxy ----- I/WE the undersigned, being (a) shareholder(s) of ___________________, hereby nominate, constitute and appoint ___________________________________, or in the absence of __________________________________, as my/our attorney, representative and/or proxy-holder with full power and authority to attend, vote and otherwise act for me/or in my/our name and on my/our behalf at the annual (or special) meeting of shareholders of the Corporation, to be held at _____________________________, on the _______________ day of __________________, 19__, and at any and all adjournments thereof, with full power of substitution, and I/we, the undersigned, hereby revoke all other proxies given by me/us, the undersigned, which might be used in respect of such meeting and any and all adjournments thereof. Given this _________ day of ___________________, 19_____. ________________________________________ ________________________________________ _______________________________________" SECTION 5 - INDEMNIFICATION --------------------------- 5.1 Indemnification of directors and officers. ------------------------------------------ (a) Except in respect of an action by or on behalf of the Corporation or body corporate to procure a judgment in its favour, the Corporation shall indemnify a director or officer of the Corporation, a former director or officer of the Corporation or a person who acts or acted at the Corporation's request as a director or officer of a body corporate of which the Corporation is or was a Shareholder or creditor, and his heirs and legal representatives, against all costs, charges and expenses, including an amount paid to settle an action or satisfy a judgment, reasonably incurred by him in respect of any civil, criminal or administrative action or proceeding to which he is made a party by reason of being or having been a director or officer of that Corporation or body Corporate, if: (i) he acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Corporation; and (ii) in the case of a criminal or administrative action or proceeding that is enforced by monetary penalty, he had reasonable grounds for believing that his conduct was lawful. (b) The Corporation may with the approval of the Court indemnify a person referred to in subparagraph (a) in respect of an action by or on behalf of the Corporation or body corporate to procure a judgment in its favour, to which he is made a party by reason of being or having been a director or an officer of the Corporation or body corporate, against all costs, charges and expenses reasonably incurred by him in connection with the action if he fulfils the conditions set out in subparagraphs (a)(i) and (ii). - 7 - 5.2 Indemnification of Others. Subject to subparagraph 5.01(a), the Corporation may from time to time indemnify and save harmless any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, (other than an action by or in the right of the Corporation) by reason of the fact that he is or was an employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director or officer, employee, agent of or participant in another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including legal fees), judgments, fines in any amount actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if the Board determines that: (a) he acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Corporation; and (b) in the case of a criminal or administrative action or proceeding that is enforced by a monetary penalty, had reasonable grounds for believing that his conduct was lawful. 5.3 Right of Indemnity not Exclusive. The provisions for indemnification contained in the By-laws shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which a person seeking indemnification may be entitled under any By-laws, agreement, vote of shareholders or disinterested directors or otherwise both as to an action in his official capacity and as to action in any other capacity while holding such office and shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or officer and shall ensure to the benefit of the heirs and legal representatives of such person. SECTION 6 - GENERAL ------------------- 6.1 Notices. In addition to any other method of service permitted by the Act any notice or document required by the Act, the regulations, the articles or the By-laws may be sent to any person entitled to receive same in the manner set out in the Act for service upon a shareholder or director and by any means of telecommunication with respect to which a written record is made. A notice sent by means of telecommunication shall be deemed to have been given on the first business day after the date upon which the written record is made. 6.2 Waiver of Notice. Any shareholder (or his duly appointed proxy-holder), director, officer, auditor or member of a committee may at any time waive any notice, or waive or abridge the time for any notice required to be given to him under any provision of the Act, the regulations thereunder, the articles, the By-laws or otherwise, and such waiver or abridgment, whether given before or after the meeting or other event of which the notice is required to be given, shall cure any defect in the giving or in the time of such notice as the case may be. 6.3 Notice to Joint Shareholders. If two (2) or more persons hold shares jointly, notice may be given to one (1) of such persons and such notice shall be sufficient notice to a11 of them. 6.4 Signature on Notice. The signature to any notice to be given by the Corporation may be lithographed, written, printed or otherwise mechanically reproduced.