-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, HmiJixwQe624YdR8vHis7D6dL6i4yQiBonwLNPAoL6DV2JlQut/TV9/orfXCUYcI D5LchL0RegwDnBlM+Nh1vA== 0001193125-09-163129.txt : 20090804 0001193125-09-163129.hdr.sgml : 20090804 20090804090041 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001193125-09-163129 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 8-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 2 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20090804 ITEM INFORMATION: Results of Operations and Financial Condition ITEM INFORMATION: Financial Statements and Exhibits FILED AS OF DATE: 20090804 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20090804 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORP CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001262823 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS [2860] IRS NUMBER: 760346924 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 8-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-32260 FILM NUMBER: 09981811 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 2801 POST OAK BLVD STREET 2: SUITE 600 CITY: HOUSTON STATE: TX ZIP: 77056 8-K 1 d8k.htm FORM 8-K Form 8-K

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 8-K

 

 

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of

the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (date of earliest event reported): August 4, 2009

 

 

WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   001-32260   76-0346924

(State or other jurisdiction

of incorporation)

  (Commission File Number)  

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

 

2801 Post Oak Boulevard, Suite 600 Houston, Texas   77056
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (713) 960-9111

 

 

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

 

¨ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

 

¨ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

 

¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

 

¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

 

 

 


Item 2.02. Results of Operations and Financial Condition.

On August 4, 2009, Westlake Chemical Corporation issued a press release announcing its 2009 second-quarter earnings. A copy of the press release is furnished with this Current Report as Exhibit 99.1 and is incorporated by reference herein.

The information furnished pursuant to this Item 2.02, including Exhibit 99.1, shall not be deemed to be “filed” for the purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and will not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement filed by Westlake Chemical Corporation under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, unless specifically identified therein as being incorporated therein by reference.

 

Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits.

 

  (d) Exhibits

The following exhibit is furnished herewith:

 

  99.1 Press release issued on August 4, 2009 by Westlake Chemical Corporation.

 

2


SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

 

WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORPORATION
By:  

/s/ Albert Chao

  Albert Chao
  President and Chief Executive Officer

Date: August 4, 2009

 

3


EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit No.

 

Description

99.1

  Press release issued on August 4, 2009 by Westlake Chemical Corporation.

 

4

EX-99.1 2 dex991.htm PRESS RELEASE Press release

Exhibit 99.1

WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORPORATION

Contact – (713) 960-9111

Investors – Steve Bender

Media – David R. Hansen

 

 

WESTLAKE CHEMICAL REPORTS SECOND QUARTER EARNINGS

Westlake Chemical Corporation (NYSE: WLK) today reported net income of $16.9 million, or $0.26 per diluted share, on net sales of $574.9 million for the second quarter of 2009. Second quarter 2009 net income increased $23.0 million from the $6.1 million net loss, or $0.09 loss per diluted share, reported in the first quarter of 2009. Second quarter 2009 income from operations was $36.2 million as compared to the $0.9 million loss reported in the first quarter of 2009, while net sales increased by $86.6 million from the $488.3 million reported in the first quarter of 2009. The increase in sales was largely due to higher sales volumes for all of the Company’s major products except styrene and higher sales prices for all of the Company’s major products except caustic. The increase in income from operations in the second quarter of 2009 as compared to the first quarter of 2009 was due primarily to sales price and volume increases, which were partially offset by higher feedstock costs. In addition, trading activity resulted in a gain of $9.8 million in the second quarter of 2009 as compared to a gain of $2.5 million in the first quarter of 2009. The first quarter of 2009 was negatively impacted by an unscheduled outage caused by an ice storm at the Calvert City, Kentucky complex and a turnaround at one of our ethylene units in Lake Charles, Louisiana. The Calvert City outage and Lake Charles turnaround resulted in repair costs and the expensing of unabsorbed fixed manufacturing costs of $19.5 million during the first quarter of 2009.

Albert Chao, President and Chief Executive Officer, said, “We are pleased to report an improvement in earnings in the second quarter of 2009, as compared to the first quarter, despite the recessionary environment. Gas-based ethylene producers, such as Westlake, continue to benefit from a cost advantage over naphtha-based producers, which has benefited our Olefins segment. Although economic conditions in the construction markets remain weak, the Vinyls segment experienced higher seasonal sales volumes and improved operating rates, but margins remain under pressure. As we continue to manage our business in the current recessionary environment, we have implemented cost reduction programs, temporarily idled some capacity and have reduced discretionary capital spending to preserve cash. In addition, we currently have $317.0 million in cash including restricted cash, and no outstanding borrowings on a revolving credit agreement.”

Net income for the three months ended June 30, 2009 of $16.9 million, or $0.26 per diluted share, decreased $30.4 million compared to net income of $47.3 million, or $0.72 per diluted share, for same period last year. Sales for the three months ended June 30, 2009


of $574.9 million decreased $531.5 million compared to sales of $1,106.4 million in the same period last year. The decrease was primarily due to lower sales prices for all major products, and lower sales volumes for all major products except caustic and styrene. Income from operations was $36.2 million for the second quarter of 2009 as compared to $73.6 million for the second quarter of 2008. The decrease in income from operations for the three months ended June 30, 2009 was primarily due to reduced demand for polyethylene and vinyls downstream products and significantly lower sales prices, which were partially offset by lower feedstock and energy costs. Also partially offsetting the decrease, trading activity resulted in a gain of $9.8 million in the second quarter of 2009 as compared to a loss of $7.0 million in the second quarter of 2008.

Net income for the six months ended June 30, 2009 was $10.8 million, or $0.16 per diluted share, on net sales of $1,063.1 million. This represents a decrease of $41.9 million compared to the net income of $52.7 million, or $0.80 per diluted share, for the six months ended June 30, 2008. Sales for the six months ended June 30, 2009 decreased $958.4 million from $2,021.5 million in the first six months of 2008, largely due to lower sales prices for all major products except caustic and lower sales volumes for all major products except caustic and styrene. Income from operations was $35.3 million for the first six months of 2009 as compared to $87.4 million for the first six months of 2008. Income from operations for the first six months of 2009 was negatively impacted by a number of factors, including reduced demand for polyethylene, PVC resin and vinyls downstream products due to the impact of the recession, the unscheduled outage at the Calvert City, Kentucky complex and the turnaround in Lake Charles. The decrease in income from operations was partially offset by a gain from trading activity of $12.2 million during the first six months of 2009 compared to a loss of $6.9 million during the first six months of 2008. Costs related to the closure of a PVC fabrication manufacturing facility and a turnaround and revamp of the Company’s styrene facility in Lake Charles negatively impacted income from operations for the first six months of 2008.

EBITDA (earnings before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization) for the second quarter of 2009 increased $37.8 million to $68.4 million from the $30.6 million of EBITDA in the first quarter of 2009. EBITDA for the second quarter of 2009 decreased $34.8 million to $68.4 million compared to the $103.2 million in the second quarter of 2008. A reconciliation of EBITDA to reported net income and to cash flows from operating activities can be found in the financial schedules at the end of this press release.

Cash provided by operating activities was $153.4 million in the first six months of 2009, an increase of $161.4 million compared with the first six months of 2008. The increase was primarily the result of decreases in working capital. Cash used for investing activities, including capital additions, was $53.3 million for the first half of 2009, compared to $80.9 million for the first half of 2008. At June 30, 2009, the Company had $317.0 million of cash, including $113.0 million of restricted cash, and the Company's long-term debt was $510.4 million. The restricted cash is held by a trustee until such time as the Company requests reimbursement for qualifying amounts spent for capital additions in Louisiana.


OLEFINS SEGMENT

Second quarter 2009 income from operations for the Olefins segment was $44.3 million, an increase of $28.2 million from the $16.1 million reported in the first quarter of 2009. This increase was primarily due to an increase in polyethylene sales volumes, higher sales prices and improved operating rates. These increases were partially offset by higher feedstock costs as compared to the first quarter of 2009. The first quarter of 2009 was negatively impacted by the Lake Charles turnaround. Trading activity resulted in a gain in the second quarter of 2009 of $9.8 million as compared to a $2.5 million gain in the first quarter of 2009.

Income from operations of $44.3 million in the second quarter of 2009 was $13.5 million lower than the $57.8 million in the second quarter of 2008. This decrease was primarily due to lower polyethylene sales volumes and operating rates and the sharp drop in sales prices, partially offset by lower energy and feedstock costs. Also partially offsetting the decrease, trading activity resulted in a gain of $9.8 million for the second quarter of 2009 as compared to a loss of $7.0 million for the second quarter of 2008.

Income from operations decreased by $17.6 million to $60.4 million in the first six months of 2009 from $78.0 million in the first six months of 2008. This decrease was primarily due to lower polyethylene and styrene sales prices and lower operating rates. The lower operating rates were primarily due to reduced polyethylene demand and the turnaround in Lake Charles in the first quarter of 2009. These decreases were partially offset by lower raw material costs and by trading activity. Trading activity resulted in a gain for the first six months of 2009 of $12.2 million as compared to a loss of $6.9 million for the first six months of 2008. The first six months of 2008 were negatively impacted by the styrene plant turnaround in Lake Charles.

VINYLS SEGMENT

The Vinyls segment reported a loss from operations of $4.8 million in the second quarter of 2009 as compared to a loss from operations of $15.4 million reported in the first quarter of 2009. The improvement in the second quarter of 2009 was primarily due to higher sales volumes for PVC resin and pipe in the second quarter of 2009 and the negative impact of the Calvert City ice storm on the first quarter of 2009 operating results. The improvement was partially offset by a significant drop in caustic prices during the second quarter of 2009 compared to the first quarter.

The Vinyls segment produced a loss from operations of $4.8 million in the second quarter of 2009 as compared to income from operations of $18.4 million in the second quarter of 2008, a decline of $23.2 million. The decrease was primarily due to lower sales volumes and lower operating rates. Weakness in the construction markets reduced demand for vinyls downstream products, which


resulted in lower operating rates and margins. Also negatively impacting the results from operations for the second quarter of 2009 was a significant decrease in caustic prices compared to the second quarter of 2008.

The Vinyls segment produced a loss from operations of $20.2 million in the first six months of 2009 as compared to income from operations of $15.3 million for the same period in 2008, a decline of $35.5 million. This decrease was primarily due to lower sales prices and volumes for most of the major products and reduced margins in the vinyls downstream businesses due to the continued weakness in the construction market. The decrease was partially offset by higher sales volumes and selling prices for caustic compared to the same period in 2008. In addition, the outage at the Calvert City facility in the first quarter of 2009 adversely impacted production rates for all major products produced at Calvert City and resulted in lost sales and margins due to the reduced production.


The statements in this release relating to matters that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially, based on factors including, but not limited to: the cyclical nature of the chemical industry; availability, cost and volatility of raw materials and utilities; governmental regulatory actions and political unrest; global economic conditions; industry production capacity and operating rates; the supply/demand balance for Westlake’s products; competitive products and pricing pressures; access to capital markets; technological developments; the effect and results of litigation and settlements of litigation; and other risk factors. For more detailed information about the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially, please refer to Westlake’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008, which was filed with the SEC in February 2009.

In this release, Westlake refers to a non-GAAP financial measure, EBITDA. EBITDA is calculated as net income before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. The body of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States is commonly referred to as “GAAP.” For this purpose a non-GAAP financial measure is generally defined by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission as one that purports to measure historical and future financial performance, financial position or cash flows, but excludes or includes amounts that would not be so adjusted in the most comparable GAAP measures. We have included EBITDA in this release because our management considers it an important supplemental measure of our performance and believes that it is frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of companies in our industry, some of which present EBITDA when reporting their results. We regularly evaluate our performance as compared to other companies in our industry that have different financing and capital structures and/or tax rates by using EBITDA. EBITDA allows for meaningful company-to-company performance comparisons by adjusting for factors such as interest expense, depreciation and amortization and taxes, which often vary from company to company. In addition, we utilize EBITDA in evaluating acquisition targets. Management also believes that EBITDA is a useful tool for measuring our ability to meet our future debt service, capital expenditures and working capital requirements, and EBITDA is commonly used by us and our investors to measure our ability to service indebtedness. EBITDA is not a substitute for the GAAP measures of earnings or of cash flow and is not necessarily a measure of our ability to fund our cash needs. In addition, it should be noted that companies calculate EBITDA differently and, therefore, EBITDA as presented in this release may not be comparable to EBITDA reported by other companies. EBITDA has material limitations as a performance measure because it excludes (1) interest expense, which is a necessary element of our costs and ability to generate revenues because we have borrowed money to finance our operations, (2) depreciation, which is a necessary element of our costs and ability to generate revenues because we use capital assets and (3) income taxes, which is a necessary element of our operations. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our GAAP results and using EBITDA only supplementally. A table included in the financial schedules at the end of this release reconciles EBITDA to net income and to cash flow from operating activities.


Westlake Chemical Corporation Conference Call Information:

A conference call to discuss Westlake Chemical Corporation’s second quarter results will be held Tuesday, August 4, 2009 at 11:00 a.m. EDT (10:00 a.m. CDT). To access the conference call, dial (866) 770-7146, or (617) 213-8068 for international callers, approximately 10 minutes prior to the scheduled start time and reference passcode 24978481.

A replay of the conference call will be available beginning an hour after its conclusion until 1:00 p.m. EDT on Tuesday, August 11, 2009. To hear a replay, dial (888) 286-8010, or (617) 801-6888 for international callers. The replay passcode is 71161853.

The conference call will also be available via webcast at: http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?p=irol-eventDetails&c=180248&eventID=2286200 and the earnings release can be obtained via the company’s Web page at: http://www.westlake.com/fw/main/IR_Home_Page-123.html. and the earnings release can be obtained via the company’s Web page at: http://www.westlake.com/fw/main/IR_Home_Page-123.html.


WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30,
    Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
     2009     2008     2009     2008  
     (In thousands of dollars, except per share data and shares outstanding)  

Net sales

   $ 574,865      $ 1,106,449      $ 1,063,116      $ 2,021,510   

Cost of sales

     519,203        1,009,989        987,390        1,888,346   
                                

Gross profit

     55,662        96,460        75,726        133,164   

Selling, general and administrative expenses

     19,487        22,884        40,454        45,729   
                                

Income from operations

     36,175        73,576        35,272        87,435   

Interest expense

     (8,795     (9,287     (17,391     (17,815

Other income, net

     1,303        2,199        3,780        4,607   
                                

Income before income taxes

     28,683        66,488        21,661        74,227   

Provision for income taxes

     11,832        19,215        10,885        21,567   
                                

Net income

   $ 16,851      $ 47,273      $ 10,776      $ 52,660   
                                

Basic and diluted earnings per share

   $ 0.26      $ 0.72      $ 0.16      $ 0.80   

Weighted average shares outstanding

        

Basic

     65,925,121        65,634,070        65,861,550        65,597,811   
                                

Diluted

     65,982,952        65,657,278        65,890,986        65,621,965   
                                

 


WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

 

     June 30,
2009
   December 31,
2008
     (In thousands of dollars)

ASSETS

     

Current assets

     

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 204,007    $ 90,239

Accounts receivable, net

     321,738      347,323

Inventories, net

     286,767      327,967

Other current assets

     37,797      33,460
             

Total current assets

     850,309      798,989

Property, plant and equipment, net

     1,200,958      1,197,452

Restricted cash

     112,970      134,432

Other assets, net

     170,607      156,116
             

Total assets

   $ 2,334,844    $ 2,286,989
             

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

     

Current liabilities (accounts payable and accrued liabilities)

   $ 261,599    $ 212,288

Long-term debt

     510,359      510,319

Other liabilities

     315,230      325,322
             

Total liabilities

     1,087,188      1,047,929
             

Stockholders’ equity

     1,247,656      1,239,060
             

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 2,334,844    $ 2,286,989
             

 


WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

 

     Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
     2009     2008  
     (In thousands of dollars)  

Cash flows from operating activities

    

Net income

   $ 10,776      $ 52,660   

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used for) operating activities:

    

Depreciation and amortization

     59,901        53,378   

Deferred income taxes

     (10,959     9,088   

Other balance sheet changes

     93,634        (123,173
                

Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities

     153,352        (8,047

Cash flows from investing activities

    

Additions to property, plant and equipment

     (50,363     (81,751

Acquisition of business

     (6,297     —     

Proceeds from disposition of assets

     3,251        346   

Settlements of derivative instruments

     155        535   
                

Net cash used for investing activities

     (53,254     (80,870

Cash flows from financing activities

    

Proceeds from the exercise of stock options

     42        —     

Dividends paid

     (6,922     (6,563

Proceeds from borrowings

     —          620,235   

Repayment of borrowings

     —          (582,252

Utilization of restricted cash

     21,979        55,045   

Capitalized debt issuance costs

     (1,429     —     
                

Net cash provided by financing activities

     13,670        86,465   

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     113,768        (2,452

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

     90,239        24,914   
                

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

   $ 204,007      $ 22,462   
                

 


WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORPORATION

SEGMENT INFORMATION

(Unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30,
    Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
     2009     2008     2009     2008  
     (In thousands of dollars)  

Net external sales

        

Olefins

   $ 386,542      $ 765,962      $ 709,311      $ 1,426,783   

Vinyls

     188,323        340,487        353,805        594,727   
                                
   $ 574,865      $ 1,106,449      $ 1,063,116      $ 2,021,510   
                                

Income (loss) from operations

        

Olefins

   $ 44,289      $ 57,804      $ 60,363      $ 77,956   

Vinyls

     (4,829     18,354        (20,210     15,269   

Corporate and other

     (3,285     (2,582     (4,881     (5,790
                                
   $ 36,175      $ 73,576      $ 35,272      $ 87,435   
                                

Depreciation and amortization

        

Olefins

   $ 20,892      $ 19,182      $ 40,616      $ 36,843   

Vinyls

     9,971        8,143        19,159        16,441   

Corporate and other

     50        52        126        94   
                                
   $ 30,913      $ 27,377      $ 59,901      $ 53,378   
                                

Other income, net

        

Olefins

   $ 33      $ 42      $ 163      $ 58   

Vinyls

     28        67        31        166   

Corporate and other

     1,242        2,090        3,586        4,383   
                                
   $ 1,303      $ 2,199      $ 3,780      $ 4,607   
                                

 


WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORPORATION

RECONCILIATION OF EBITDA TO NET (LOSS) INCOME AND TO NET CASH

PROVIDED BY (USED FOR) OPERATING ACTIVITIES

(Unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
    Three Months Ended
June 30,
    Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
     2009     2009     2008     2009     2008  
     (In thousands of dollars)  

EBITDA

   $ 30,561      $ 68,392      $ 103,152      $ 98,953      $ 145,420   

Less:

          

(Benefit from) provision for income taxes

     (947     11,832        19,215        10,885        21,567   

Interest expense

     8,596        8,795        9,287        17,391        17,815   

Depreciation and amortization

     28,987        30,914        27,377        59,901        53,378   
                                        

Net (loss) income

     (6,075     16,851        47,273        10,776        52,660   

Changes in operating assets and liabilities

     118,273        35,262        (34,991     153,535        (69,795

Deferred income taxes

     8,105        (19,064     7,925        (10,959     9,088   
                                        

Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities

   $ 120,303      $ 33,049      $ 20,207      $ 153,352      $ (8,047
                                        

 


WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORPORATION

SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION

Product Sales Price and Volume Variance by Operating Segments

 

     Second Quarter 2009 vs.
Second Quarter 2008
        Second Quarter 2009 vs.
First Quarter 2009
     Average
Sales Price
   Volume         Average
Sales Price
   Volume

Olefins

   -37.0%    -12.6%       +5.8%    +13.7%

Vinyls

   -29.0%    -15.7%       -12.7%    +26.5%

Company

   -34.5%    -13.6%       -0.5%    +18.0%
Average Quarterly Industry Prices (1)
     Quarter Ended
     June 2008    September
2008
   December
2008
   March
2009
   June
2009

Ethane (cents/lb)

   35.4    36.7    14.1    12.0    14.5

Propane (cents/lb)

   40.2    39.8    18.9    16.0    17.3

Ethylene (cents/lb) (2)

   66.3    68.0    39.2    31.5    31.5

Polyethylene (cents/lb) (3)

   94.7    103.7    71.3    65.0    68.0

Styrene (cents/lb) (4)

   78.8    85.7    55.6    40.4    46.3

Caustic ($/ short ton) (5)

   540.0    786.7    970.0    821.7    368.3

Chlorine ($/ short ton) (6)

   275.0    265.0    236.7    175.0    204.2

PVC (cents/lb) (7)

   58.7    64.0    51.0    45.7    48.5

 

(1) Industry pricing data was obtained through the Chemical Market Associates, Inc., or CMAI. We have not independently verified the data.
(2) Represents average North America contract prices of ethylene over the period as reported by CMAI.
(3) Represents average North America contract prices of polyethylene low density film over the period as reported by CMAI.
(4) Represents average North American contract prices of styrene over the period as reported by CMAI.
(5) Represents North America average acquisition prices of caustic soda over the period as reported by CMAI.
(6) Represents average North America contract prices of chlorine (into chemicals) over the period as reported by CMAI.
(7) Represents North American contract prices of PVC over the period as reported by CMAI. During 2008, CMAI made a 16 cent per pound downward, non-market related adjustment to PVC resin prices

 

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