-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, LnwVun9VlN1T7f3Ma7sUwEsYGkbBvb8rqYbn3ZpxyopIoexw08iVcyv/FawtevAr 97SYkrOGIwrIqknzARHErA== 0001193125-07-168914.txt : 20070802 0001193125-07-168914.hdr.sgml : 20070802 20070802085303 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001193125-07-168914 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 8-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 2 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20070802 ITEM INFORMATION: Results of Operations and Financial Condition ITEM INFORMATION: Financial Statements and Exhibits FILED AS OF DATE: 20070802 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20070802 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORP CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001262823 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS [2860] IRS NUMBER: 760346924 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 8-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-32260 FILM NUMBER: 071018449 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 2801 POST OAK BLVD STREET 2: SUITE 600 CITY: HOUSTON STATE: TX ZIP: 77056 8-K 1 d8k.htm FORM 8-K Form 8-K

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of

the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (date of earliest event reported): August 2, 2007

WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   001-32260   76-0346924
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation)
  (Commission File Number)   (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

 

2801 Post Oak Boulevard, Suite 600

Houston, Texas

  77056
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (713) 960-9111

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

 

¨ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

 

¨ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

 

¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

 

¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

 



Item 2.02. Results of Operations and Financial Condition.

On August 2, 2007, Westlake Chemical Corporation issued a press release announcing its 2007 second-quarter earnings. A copy of the press release is furnished with this Current Report as Exhibit 99.1 and is incorporated by reference herein.

The information furnished pursuant to this Item 2.02, including Exhibit 99.1, shall not be deemed to be “filed” for the purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and will not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement filed by Westlake Chemical Corporation under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, unless specifically identified therein as being incorporated therein by reference.

 

Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits.

(d) Exhibits

The following exhibit is furnished herewith:

 

99.1    Press release issued on August 2, 2007 by Westlake Chemical Corporation.

 

2


SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

 

WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORPORATION
By:   /s/ Albert Chao
  Albert Chao
  President and Chief Executive Officer

Date: August 2, 2007

 

3


EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit No.   

Description

99.1    Press release issued on August 2, 2007 by Westlake Chemical Corporation.

 

4

EX-99.1 2 dex991.htm PRESS RELEASE Press release

Exhibit 99.1

WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORPORATION

Contact – (713) 960-9111

Investors – Steve Bender

Media – David R. Hansen

WESTLAKE CHEMICAL REPORTS SECOND QUARTER RESULTS

Houston, TX – August 2, 2007 – Westlake Chemical Corporation (NYSE: WLK) today reported net income of $37.9 million, or $0.58 per diluted share, for the second quarter of 2007. This represents a decrease from the second quarter of 2006 net income of $67.2 million, or $1.03 per diluted share. Sales for the second quarter of 2007 were $782.7 million and income from operations for the second quarter of 2007 was $62.3 million. This compares with second quarter 2006 income from operations of $106.9 million on net sales of $669.3 million. The increase in sales is the result of higher polyethylene sales volumes which were attributable to the November 30, 2006 acquisition of Eastman Chemical’s polyethylene business in Longview, Texas. The decrease in income from operations was primarily the result of lower margins due to lower selling prices for polyethylene, PVC resin and PVC pipe and higher feedstock costs. The second quarter 2007 was also negatively impacted by a scheduled turnaround at one of the ethylene units in Lake Charles, Louisiana, which was down approximately 30 days beginning April 9th, 2007. During the shutdown, the Company completed the tie-in portion of a previously announced project to upgrade the feedstock flexibility of the unit, which is also expected to reduce energy costs and provide additional ethylene capacity.

Second quarter 2007 results were favorably impacted by the utilization of the first-in, first-out (FIFO) inventory accounting method as compared with utilizing the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method used by some companies in the industry. This was due primarily to rising feedstock costs.

Second quarter 2007 net income increased $18.2 million, or $0.28 per diluted share, from the $19.7 million net income, or $0.30 per diluted share, reported in the first quarter of 2007. Second quarter income from operations increased $29.6 million from the $32.7 million reported in the first quarter of 2007, while net sales increased by $63.9 million from the $718.8 million reported in the first quarter of 2007. The increase in net sales and income from operations was primarily due to higher selling prices and higher sales volumes for polyethylene and PVC resin, which was partially offset by higher feedstock costs and the negative impact from the turnaround in the ethylene unit in Lake Charles, Louisiana.

For the six months ended June 30, 2007, net income was $57.6 million, or $0.88 per diluted share, compared to $118.5 million net income, or $1.82 per diluted share for the six months ended June 30, 2006, which included an after-tax charge of $16.3 million, or $0.25 per diluted share, related to debt retirement costs incurred in the first quarter of 2006. Net sales increased


$213.5 million, or 16.6%, to $1,501.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 from the $1,288.0 million reported in the six months ended June 30, 2006. Income from operations was $94.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 as compared to $217.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006. The increase in sales is primarily due to the higher polyethylene sales volumes attributable to the Longview facilities acquired on November 30, 2006, which was partially offset by lower selling prices for polyethylene, PVC resin and PVC pipe. The decrease in income from operations is due to reduced selling prices, higher feedstock costs for ethane and propane and the negative impact of the ethylene outage in Lake Charles in the second quarter of 2007. These decreases were partially offset by the income from operations contributed by the Longview facilities.

Albert Chao, President and Chief Executive Officer, said, “We are pleased to report an approximately 90% increase in our income from operations and earnings per share in the second quarter of 2007 as compared to the first quarter. The industry has seen a significant improvement in operating rates and sales volumes from the low levels experienced in the fourth quarter of 2006. Cash margins continued to improve during the quarter as we were able to implement additional price increases which outpaced rising feedstock costs. In addition, further industry price increases have been announced for the third quarter. The integration of our Longview polyethylene acquisition is progressing as planned and we are beginning to realize the benefits of the acquisition with the improvement in polyethylene margins. We do, however, remain concerned with increasing feedstock costs and the impact on the Vinyls segment of the continued weakness in the housing market.

EBITDA (earnings before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization) for the second quarter of 2007 increased 52.2% to $88.3 million compared to $58.0 million of EBITDA in the first quarter of 2007 but decreased 32.2% from the $130.3 million in the second quarter of 2006. A reconciliation of EBITDA to reported net income and to cash flows from operating activities can be found in the financial schedules at the end of this press release.

Cash flows from operating activities were $34.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007, and along with cash on hand were used to fund capital additions of $50.5 million during the first six months of the year. At June 30, 2007, the Company’s cash balance was $42.6 million and debt was $260.2 million.

OLEFINS SEGMENT

Income from operations for the Olefins segment decreased by $19.3 million to $42.7 million in the second quarter of 2007 from $62.0 million reported in the second quarter of 2006. This decrease was primarily due to lower polyethylene selling prices and higher feedstock costs for ethane and propane. The second quarter of 2007 was also negatively impacted by the scheduled turnaround at one of the ethylene units in Lake Charles, Louisiana to effect the tie-in of the feedstock flexibility project to the unit. In addition, trading activity resulted in a gain in the second quarter of 2007 of $4.1 million as compared to $7.1 million in the second quarter of 2006. These decreases were partially offset by the income from operations contributed by the Longview facilities acquired on November 30, 2006.


Second quarter 2007 income from operations for the Olefins segment was $15.5 million higher than the $27.2 million income from operations reported in the first quarter of 2007. This increase was primarily due to higher polyethylene selling prices and sales volumes. Product margins continued to improve during the second quarter as price increases outpaced higher feedstock costs. The increase in income from operations was partially offset by the ethylene unit turnaround in Lake Charles to complete the tie-in portion of the feedstock flexibility project.

Income from operations for the Olefins segment decreased $51.7 million, or 42.5%, to $69.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 from $121.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006. This decrease was primarily due to the sharp decrease in product prices and margins which began early in the fourth quarter of 2006 and continued into 2007. Prices increased during the first half of 2007. Margins, however, were still significantly below the levels in the first half of 2006 as feedstock costs increased. In addition, trading activity resulted in a gain of $4.8 million in the first half of 2007 compared to a $12.3 million gain for the first half of 2006.

VINYLS SEGMENT

Income from operations for the Vinyls segment decreased by $23.5 million to $20.8 million for the second quarter of 2007 from the $44.3 million reported in the second quarter of 2006. This decrease was primarily due to lower selling prices and margins for PVC resin and PVC pipe and lower sales volumes for PVC pipe. PVC resin and PVC pipe prices fell dramatically in the fourth quarter of 2006 due to weakness in the housing market, falling energy prices and seasonal slowdowns. Selling prices and margins remained under pressure in the first half of 2007, but have improved from their lowest levels as PVC resin prices began to increase in March 2007. Despite these price increases, overall product margins have not increased significantly due to increased feedstock costs and remain below those of the second quarter 2006 which benefited from the impact of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.

Second quarter 2007 income from operations for the Vinyls segment increased by $13.0 million from the $7.8 million reported in the first quarter of 2007. This increase was primarily due to higher selling prices for PVC resin and caustic soda and higher sales volume for PVC resin, which was partially offset by rising feedstock costs for propane and ethylene. PVC resin and PVC pipe prices and margins remain under pressure from the continued weakness in the housing market.

Income from operations for the Vinyls segment decreased by $70.1 million, or 71.0%, to $28.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 from $98.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006. This decrease was due to lower selling prices for PVC resin and PVC pipe and higher feedstock costs for propane and ethylene. Sales volumes in the first half of 2007 have generally improved from the low levels experienced in the fourth quarter of 2006 and prices have increased. Margins, however, are still significantly below the prior year as feedstock costs have increased.


The statements in this release relating to matters that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially, based on factors including, but not limited to: the cyclical nature of the chemical industry; availability, cost and volatility of raw materials and utilities; governmental regulatory actions and political unrest; global economic conditions; industry production capacity and operating rates; the supply/demand balance for Westlake’s products; competitive products and pricing pressures; access to capital markets; technological developments; the integration of the Eastman acquisition; and other risk factors. For more detailed information about the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially, please refer to Westlake’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, which was filed with the SEC in February 2007.

In this release, Westlake refers to a non-GAAP financial measure, EBITDA. EBITDA is calculated as net income before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. The body of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States is commonly referred to as “GAAP.” For this purpose a non-GAAP financial measure is generally defined by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission as one that purports to measure historical and future financial performance, financial position or cash flows, but excludes or includes amounts that would not be so adjusted in the most comparable GAAP measures. We have included EBITDA in this release because our management considers it an important supplemental measure of our performance and believes that it is frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of companies in our industry, some of which present EBITDA when reporting their results. We regularly evaluate our performance as compared to other companies in our industry that have different financing and capital structures and/or tax rates by using EBITDA. EBITDA allows for meaningful company-to-company performance comparisons by adjusting for factors such as interest expense, depreciation and amortization and taxes, which often vary from company to company. In addition, we utilize EBITDA in evaluating acquisition targets. Management also believes that EBITDA is a useful tool for measuring our ability to meet our future debt service, capital expenditures and working capital requirements, and EBITDA is commonly used by us and our investors to measure our ability to service indebtedness. EBITDA is not a substitute for the GAAP measures of earnings or of cash flow and is not necessarily a measure of our ability to fund our cash needs. In addition, it should be noted that companies calculate EBITDA differently and, therefore, EBITDA as presented in this release may not be comparable to EBITDA reported by other companies. EBITDA has material limitations as a performance measure because it excludes (1) interest expense, which is a necessary element of our costs and ability to generate revenues because we have borrowed money to finance our operations, (2) depreciation, which is a necessary element of our costs and ability to generate revenues because we use capital assets and (3) income taxes, which is a necessary element of our operations. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our GAAP results and using EBITDA only supplementally. A table included in the financial schedules at the end of this release reconciles EBITDA to net income and to cash flow from operating activities.


Westlake Chemical Corporation Conference Call Information:

A conference call to discuss Westlake Chemical Corporation’s second quarter results will be held Thursday, August 2, 2007 at 11:00 a.m. EDT (10:00 a.m. CDT). To access the conference call, dial (888) 713-4218, or (617) 213-4870 for international callers, approximately 10 minutes prior to the scheduled start time and reference passcode 69270949.

A replay of the conference call will be available beginning an hour after its conclusion until 1:00 p.m. EDT on Thursday, August 9, 2007. To hear a replay, dial (888) 286-8010, or (617) 801-6888 for international callers. The replay passcode is 71372338.

The conference call will also be available via webcast at:

http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?p=irol-eventDetails&c=180248&eventID=1601769 and the earnings release can be obtained via the company’s Web page at: http://www.westlake.com/investors.html.

Westlake Chemical Corporation is a manufacturer and supplier of petrochemicals, polymers and fabricated products with headquarters in Houston, Texas. The company’s range of products includes: ethylene, polyethylene, styrene, propylene, caustic, VCM, PVC and PVC pipe, windows and fence. For more information, visit the company’s Web site at www.westlake.com.


WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

 

    

Three Months Ended

June 30,

   

Six Months Ended

June 30,

 
    
     2007     2006     2007     2006  
     (In thousands of dollars, except per share data)  

Net sales

   $ 782,664     $ 669,267     $ 1,501,466     $ 1,288,046  

Cost of sales

     698,233       544,055       1,359,146       1,031,776  
                                

Gross profit

     84,431       125,212       142,320       256,270  

Selling, general and administrative expenses

     22,152       18,359       47,375       38,538  
                                

Income from operations

     62,279       106,853       94,945       217,732  

Interest expense

     (4,495 )     (3,898 )     (8,088 )     (9,924 )

Debt retirement cost

     —         —         —         (25,853 )

Other (expense) income, net

     (292 )     3,055       699       5,389  
                                

Income before income taxes

     57,492       106,010       87,556       187,344  

Provision for income taxes

     19,602       38,841       29,994       68,838  
                                

Net income

   $ 37,890     $ 67,169     $ 57,562     $ 118,506  
                                

Basic and diluted earnings per share

   $ 0.58     $ 1.03     $ 0.88     $ 1.82  

Weighted average shares outstanding

        

Basic

     65,224,697       65,104,100       65,221,365       65,098,181  
                                

Diluted

     65,324,714       65,235,847       65,324,616       65,233,323  
                                


WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

 

     June 30,
2007
   December 31,
2006
     (In thousands of dollars)

ASSETS

     

Current Assets

     

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 42,615    $ 52,646

Accounts receivable, net

     399,832      308,903

Inventories, net

     464,519      456,276

Other current assets

     30,369      31,962
             

Total current assets

     937,335      849,787

Property, plant and equipment, net

     1,086,873      1,076,903

Other assets, net

     148,172      155,408
             

Total assets

   $ 2,172,380    $ 2,082,098
             

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

     

Current liabilities (accounts payable and accrued liabilities)

   $ 339,023    $ 321,912

Long-term debt

     260,196      260,156

Other liabilities

     343,568      326,489
             

Total liabilities

     942,787      908,557
             

Stockholders’ equity

     1,229,593      1,173,541
             

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 2,172,380    $ 2,082,098
             


WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

 

    

Six Months Ended

June 30,

 
  
     2007     2006  
     (In thousands of dollars)  

Cash flows from operating activities

    

Net income

   $ 57,562     $ 118,506  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

    

Depreciation and amortization

     50,716       40,896  

Deferred tax expense

     14,417       10,736  

Other balance sheet changes

     (88,517 )     (23,238 )
                

Net cash provided by operating activities

     34,178       146,900  

Cash flows from investing activities

    

Additions to property, plant and equipment

     (50,483 )     (62,887 )

Additions to equity investment

     (308 )     (4,574 )

Settlement of acquisition purchase price

     8,043       —    

Proceeds from disposition of assets

     33       7  

Settlements of derivative instruments

     3,673       (27,445 )
                

Net cash used for investing activities

     (39,042 )     (94,899 )

Cash flows from financing activities

    

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

     62       396  

Dividends paid

     (5,229 )     (3,583 )

Proceeds from borrowings

     191,684       249,185  

Repayments of borrowings

     (191,684 )     (256,000 )

Capitalized debt issuance costs

     —         (4,279 )
                

Net cash used for financing activities

     (5,167 )     (14,281 )

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

     (10,031 )     37,720  

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

     52,646       237,895  
                

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

   $ 42,615     $ 275,615  
                


WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORPORATION

SEGMENT INFORMATION

(Unaudited)

 

    

Three Months Ended

June 30,

   

Six Months Ended

June 30,

 
    
     2007     2006     2007     2006  
     (In thousands of dollars)  

Net Sales to External Customers

        

Olefins

   $ 514,840     $ 348,652     $ 999,066     $ 688,369  

Vinyls

     267,824       320,615       502,400       599,677  
                                
   $ 782,664     $ 669,267     $ 1,501,466     $ 1,288,046  
                                

Income (Loss) from Operations

        

Olefins

   $ 42,716     $ 62,029     $ 69,935     $ 121,594  

Vinyls

     20,817       44,251       28,609       98,662  

Corporate and Other

     (1,254 )     573       (3,599 )     (2,524 )
                                
   $ 62,279     $ 106,853     $ 94,945     $ 217,732  
                                

Depreciation and Amortization

        

Olefins

   $ 17,487     $ 11,829     $ 33,143     $ 23,579  

Vinyls

     8,838       8,561       17,499       17,258  

Corporate and Other

     36       31       74       59  
                                
   $ 26,361     $ 20,421     $ 50,716     $ 40,896  
                                

Other (Expense) Income, net

        

Olefins

   $ 119     $ (1 )   $ 170     $ (1 )

Vinyls

     28       38       90       85  

Corporate and Other*

     (439 )     3,018       439       (20,548 )
                                
   $ (292 )   $ 3,055     $ 699     $ (20,464 )
                                

 

* Debt retirement costs of $25,853 are included in the six months ended June 30, 2006.


WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORPORATION

RECONCILIATION OF EBITDA TO NET INCOME AND TO CASH FLOW FROM

OPERATING ACTIVITIES

(Unaudited)

 

    

Three Months Ended

March 31,

   

Three Months Ended

June 30,

  

Six Months Ended

June 30,

       
     2007     2007    2006    2007     2006
     (In thousands of dollars)

EBITDA

   $ 58,012     $ 88,348    $ 130,329    $ 146,360     $ 238,164

Less:

            

Provision for income taxes

     10,392       19,602      38,841      29,994       68,838

Interest expense

     3,593       4,495      3,898      8,088       9,924

Depreciation and amortization

     24,355       26,361      20,421      50,716       40,896
                                    

Net income

     19,672       37,890      67,169      57,562       118,506

Changes in operating assets and liabilities

     (65,862 )     28,061      6,726      (37,801 )     17,658

Deferred income taxes

     3,776       10,641      6,246      14,417       10,736
                                    

Cash flow from operating activities

   $ (42,414 )   $ 76,592    $ 80,141    $ 34,178     $ 146,900
                                    


WESTLAKE CHEMICAL CORPORATION

SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION

Product Sales Price and Volume Variance by Operating Segments

 

    

Second Quarter 2007 vs.

Second Quarter 2006

   

Second Quarter 2007 vs.

First Quarter 2007

 
    
     Average Sales
Price
    Volume     Average Sales
Price
    Volume  

Olefins

   +7.3 %   +40.4 %   +9.4 %   -3.0 %

Vinyls

   -16.3 %   -0.2 %   +10.9 %   +3.3 %

Company

   -4.0 %   +21.0 %   +9.5 %   -0.6 %

Average Quarterly Industry Prices (1)

 

     Quarter Ended
    

June

2006

  

September

2006

  

December

2006

  

March

2007

  

June

2007

              

Ethane (cents/lb)

   22.8    25.5    20.8    19.9    24.3

Propane (cents/lb)

   24.9    26.0    22.4    22.9    26.7

Ethylene (cents/lb) (2)

   46.5    50.7    44.8    40.0    44.7

Polyethylene (cents/lb) (3)

   73.0    78.7    68.0    67.0    72.7

Styrene (cents/lb) (4)

   61.7    70.1    66.9    64.8    71.3

Caustic ($/ short ton) (5)

   393.3    361.7    337.5    360.0    405.0

Chlorine ($/ short ton) (6)

   332.5    332.5    322.5    297.5    322.5

VCM (cents/lb) (7)

   42.2    43.9    39.6    37.2    40.8

PVC (cents/lb) (8)

   60.0    61.3    57.0    53.3    59.0

 

(1) Industry pricing data was obtained through the Chemical Market Associates, Inc., or CMAI. We have not independently verified the data.

 

(2) Represents average North America spot prices of ethylene over the period as reported by CMAI.

 

(3) Represents average North America contract prices of polyethylene film over the period as reported by CMAI.

 

(4) Represents average North American spot prices of styrene over the period as reported by CMAI.

 

(5) Represents average North America spot prices of caustic soda (diaphragm grade) over the period as reported by CMAI.

 

(6) Represents average North America contract prices of chlorine (into chemicals) over the period as reported by CMAI.

 

(7) Represents average North America contract prices of VCM over the period as reported by CMAI.

 

(8) Represents average North America contract prices of PVC over the period as reported by CMAI.
-----END PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE-----