10-Q 1 f10q0920_frontierfunds.htm QUARTERLY REPORT

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020

 

or

 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Commission File Number 000-51274

 

FRONTIER FUNDS

 

FRONTIER DIVERSIFIED FUND;

FRONTIER LONG/SHORT COMMODITY FUND;

FRONTIER MASTERS FUND;

FRONTIER BALANCED FUND;

FRONTIER SELECT FUND;

FRONTIER GLOBAL FUND;

FRONTIER HERITAGE FUND

(Exact Name of Registrant as specified in Its Charter)

 

Delaware   36-6815533
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
  (IRS Employer
Identification No.)

 

c/o Frontier Fund Management, LLC

25568 Genesee Trail Road

Golden, Colorado 80401

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

 

Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (303) 454-5500

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class   Trading Symbol(s)   Name of each exchange on which registered
N/A   N/A   N/A

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Frontier Diversified Fund Class 1, Class 2 and Class 3 Units;

Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 2, Class 3, Class 1a, Class 2a and Class 3a Units;

Frontier Masters Fund Class 1, Class 2 and Class 3 Units;

Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1, Class 1AP, Class 2, Class 2a and Class 3a Units;

Frontier Select Fund Class 1, Class 1AP, and Class 2 Units;

Frontier Global Fund Class 1, Class 1AP, and Class 2 Units;

Frontier Heritage Fund Class 1, Class 1AP, and Class 2 Units

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large Accelerated Filer   Accelerated Filer
Non–Accelerated Filer   Smaller Reporting Company
      Emerging Growth Company

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table of Contents

 

  Pages
   
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION  
     
Item 1. Series Financial Statements 1
     
  Statements of Financial Condition as of September 30, 2020 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2019 1
     
  Condensed Schedules of Investments as of September 30, 2020 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2019 4
     
  Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 (Unaudited) 10
     
  Statements of Changes in Owners’ Capital for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 (Unaudited) 16
     
  Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 (Unaudited) 20
     
  Notes to Financial Statements (Unaudited) 23
     
  Trust Financial Statements (1)  
     
  Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of September 30, 2020 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2019 56
     
  Consolidated Condensed Schedules of Investments as of September 30, 2020 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2019 57
     
  Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 (Unaudited) 59
     
  Consolidated Statement of Changes in Owners’ Capital for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 (Unaudited) 61
     
  Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 (Unaudited) 62
     
  Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) 63
     
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 82
     
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 121
     
Item 4. Controls and Procedures 129
     
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION  
     
Item 1. Legal Proceedings 131
     
Item 1A. Risk Factors 131
     
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 131
     
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities 131
     
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 131
     
Item 5. Other Information 131
     
Item 6. Exhibits 131
     
SIGNATURES 132

  

(1) These financial statements represent the consolidated financial statements of the Series of the Trust.

 

i

 

  

Special Note About Forward-Looking Statements

 

THIS REPORT CONTAINS STATEMENTS WHICH CONSTITUTE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995 AND OTHER FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS. THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS REFLECT THE MANAGING OWNER’S CURRENT EXPECTATIONS ABOUT THE FUTURE RESULTS, PERFORMANCE, PROSPECTS AND OPPORTUNITIES OF THE TRUST. THE MANAGING OWNER HAS TRIED TO IDENTIFY THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS BY USING WORDS SUCH AS “MAY,” “WILL,” “EXPECT,” “ANTICIPATE,” “BELIEVE,” “INTEND,” “SHOULD,” “ESTIMATE” OR THE NEGATIVE OF THOSE TERMS OR SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS. THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE BASED ON INFORMATION CURRENTLY AVAILABLE TO THE MANAGING OWNER AND ARE SUBJECT TO A NUMBER OF RISKS, UNCERTAINTIES AND OTHER FACTORS, BOTH KNOWN, SUCH AS THOSE DESCRIBED IN THE “RISK FACTORS” SECTION UNDER PART II. ITEM 1A AND ELSEWHERE IN THIS REPORT, AND UNKNOWN, THAT COULD CAUSE THE TRUST’S ACTUAL RESULTS, PERFORMANCE, PROSPECTS OR OPPORTUNITIES TO DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE EXPRESSED IN, OR IMPLIED BY, THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS.

 

YOU SHOULD NOT PLACE UNDUE RELIANCE ON ANY FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY REQUIRED BY THE FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS, THE MANAGING OWNER UNDERTAKES NO OBLIGATION TO PUBLICLY UPDATE OR REVISE ANY FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS OR THE RISKS, UNCERTAINTIES OR OTHER FACTORS DESCRIBED HEREIN, AS A RESULT OF NEW INFORMATION, FUTURE EVENTS OR CHANGED CIRCUMSTANCES OR FOR ANY OTHER REASON AFTER THE DATE OF THIS REPORT.

 

UNLESS EXPRESSLY STATED OTHERWISE, ALL INFORMATION IN THIS REPORT IS AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2020, AND THE MANAGING OWNER UNDERTAKES NO OBLIGATION TO UPDATE THIS INFORMATION.

 

ii

 

 

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Series Financial Statements

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Financial Condition

September 30, 2020 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2019

 

   Frontier   Frontier   Frontier 
   Diversified Fund   Masters Fund   Long/Short Commodity Fund 
   9/30/2020   12/31/2019   9/30/2020   12/31/2019   9/30/2020   12/31/2019 
ASSETS                        
Cash and cash equivalents  $46,937   $56,263   $32,727   $25,639   $47,277   $34,272 
U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value   19,838    99,605    13,832    45,391    19,981    60,673 
Swap contracts, at fair value   4,553,855    6,384,583    -    -    578,274    362,521 
Investments in private investment companies, at fair value   4,462,988    9,305,733    1,191,250    2,198,997    694,550    986,757 
Investments in unconsolidated trading companies, at fair value   14,532    24,150    10,133    11,005    14,637    14,711 
Interest receivable   132    2,027    92    924    133    1,296 
Receivable from related parties   33,028    11,453    23,029    -    33,267    - 
Redemptions receivable from private investment companies   111,665    171,906    44,070    -    1,250    - 
Other assets   -    5,700    -    -    -    - 
                               
Total Assets  $9,242,975   $16,061,420   $1,315,133   $2,281,956   $1,389,369   $1,460,230 
                               
LIABILITIES & CAPITAL                              
                               
LIABILITIES                              
Interest payable to Managing Owner  $-   $-   $-   $-   $44   $- 
Redemptions payable   -    -    -    -    2,309    6,585 
Service fees payable to Managing Owner   632    3,392    125    204    -    - 
Trading fees payable to Managing Owner   16,686    35,877    7,360    11,673    2,699    3,468 
Advance on unrealized swap appreciation   4,000,000    4,000,000    -    -    115,000    115,000 
Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates   22,650    22,531    31,725    31,541    409    220 
Other liabilities   3,054    -    2,129    499    3,076    667 
                               
Total Liabilities   4,043,022    4,061,800    41,339    43,917    123,581    125,940 
                               
CAPITAL                              
Managing Owner - Class 2   2,014    3,023    6,702    13,043    3,932    4,530 
Managing Owner - Class 2a   -    -    -    -    7,840    7,861 
Managing Owner - Class 3   54,277    115,933    6,739    9,228    -    - 
Managing Owner - Class 3a   -    -    -    -    992    993 
Limited Owner - Class 1   141,090    1,303,195    9,205    12,794    -    - 
Limited Owner - Class 1a   -    -    -    -    -    11,447 
Limited Owner - Class 2   1,720,828    5,597,828    500,654    837,765    28,718    36,515 
Limited Owner - Class 2a   -    -    -    -    72,561    73,965 
Limited Owner - Class 3   3,281,744    4,979,641    750,494    1,365,209    937,745    991,828 
Limited Owner - Class 3a   -    -    -    -    214,044    207,151 
                               
Total Owners’ Capital   5,199,953    11,999,620    1,273,794    2,238,039    1,265,832    1,334,290 
                               
Non-Controlling Interests   -    -    -    -    -    - 
                               
Total Capital   5,199,953    11,999,620    1,273,794    2,238,039    1,265,832    1,334,290 
                               
Total Liabilities and Capital  $9,242,975   $16,061,420   $1,315,133   $2,281,956   $1,389,413   $1,460,230 
                               
Units Outstanding                              
Class 1   2,122    12,890    177    177    N/A    N/A 
Class 1a   N/A    N/A    N/A    N/A    N/A    259 
Class 2   21,269    46,067    7,983    9,759    401    503 
Class 2a   N/A    N/A    N/A    N/A    1,535    1,557 
Class 3   43,994    44,853    12,678    16,806    10,980    11,581 
Class 3a   N/A    N/A    N/A    N/A    3,891    3,763 
                               
Net Asset Value per Unit                              
Class 1  $66.48   $101.10   $52.15   $72.28    N/A    N/A 
Class 1a   N/A    N/A    N/A    N/A    N/A   $44.20 
Class 2  $81.00   $121.58   $63.55   $87.18   $81.41   $81.60 
Class 2a   N/A    N/A    N/A    N/A   $52.39   $52.55 
Class 3  $75.83   $113.61   $59.73   $81.78   $85.40   $85.64 
Class 3a   N/A    N/A    N/A    N/A   $55.27   $55.31 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

1

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Financial Condition

September 30, 2020 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2019

 

   Frontier
Balanced Fund
   Frontier
Select Fund
 
   9/30/2020   12/31/2019   9/30/2020   12/31/2019 
ASSETS                
Cash and cash equivalents  $-   $118,506   $15,685   $61,345 
U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value   -    209,799    6,629    108,603 
Open trade equity, at fair value   -    116,184    -    - 
Receivable from futures commission merchants   780,884    2,526,242    -    - 
Swap contracts, at fair value   7,319,420    11,944,753    -    - 
Investments in private investment companies, at fair value   9,974,115    13,809,892    1,436,833    2,184,240 
Investments in unconsolidated trading companies, at fair value   -    50,867    4,856    505,355 
Interest receivable   -    4,270    44    2,268 
Receivable from related parties   -    -    11,037    - 
Redemptions receivable from private investment companies   195,931    380,111    128,396    - 
Other assets   -    -    -    - 
                     
Total Assets  $18,270,350   $29,160,624   $1,603,480   $2,861,811 
                     
LIABILITIES & CAPITAL                    
                     
LIABILITIES                    
Open trade deficit, at fair value  $59,775   $-   $-   $- 
Redemptions payable   25,198    39,059    7,668    6,875 
Management fees payable to Managing Owner   8,903    8,795    -    - 
Interest payable to Managing Owner   361    105    458    - 
Service fees payable to Managing Owner   20,578    41,635    3,701    6,906 
Trading fees payable to Managing Owner   41,480    70,179    4,088    6,000 
Risk analysis fees payable   10,029    8,465    -    - 
Payables to related parties   175,803    -    -    - 
Advance on unrealized swap appreciation   6,176,555    6,176,555    -    - 
Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates   341,603    319,698    19,010    16,895 
Other liabilities   554    2,372    1,023    8,509 
                     
Total Liabilities   6,860,839    6,666,863    35,948    45,185 
                     
CAPITAL                    
Managing Owner - Class 2   46,207    73,748    16,774    29,831 
Managing Owner - Class 2a   77,094    151,133    -    - 
Limited Owner - Class 1   8,800,149    17,797,600    1,495,959    2,715,051 
Limited Owner - Class 1AP   149,459    238,544    8,882    10,834 
Limited Owner - Class 2   1,801,758    3,288,105    45,917    60,910 
Limited Owner - Class 2a   27,608    44,048    -    - 
Limited Owner - Class 3a   507,236    900,583    -    - 
                     
Total Owners’ Capital   11,409,511    22,493,761    1,567,532    2,816,626 
                     
Non-Controlling Interests   -    -    -    - 
                     
Total Capital   11,409,511    22,493,761    1,567,532    2,816,626 
                     
Total Liabilities and Capital  $18,270,350   $29,160,624   $1,603,480   $2,861,811 
                     
Units Outstanding                    
Class 1   122,530    151,814    28,038    40,793 
Class 1AP   1,731    1,731    138    138 
Class 2   15,873    18,092    736    873 
Class 2a   1,038    1,212     N/A      N/A  
Class 3a   5,042    5,611     N/A      N/A  
                     
Net Asset Value per Unit                    
Class 1  $71.82   $117.23   $53.35   $66.56 
Class 1AP  $86.34   $137.81   $64.20   $78.51 
Class 2  $116.42   $185.82   $85.20   $103.94 
Class 2a  $100.90   $161.04     N/A      N/A  
Class 3a  $100.60   $160.50     N/A      N/A  

  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

2

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Financial Condition

September 30, 2020 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2019

 

   Frontier
Global Fund
   Frontier
Heritage Fund
 
   9/30/2020   12/31/2019   9/30/2020   12/31/2019 
ASSETS                
Cash and cash equivalents  $42,890   $27,532   $64,326   $44,011 
U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value   18,127    48,741    27,187    77,916 
Swap contracts, at fair value   -    -    -    2,888,008 
Investments in private investment companies, at fair value   3,040,737    5,022,967    2,089,460    2,259,678 
Investments in unconsolidated trading companies, at fair value   13,279    11,818    19,916    18,891 
Interest receivable   121    992    181    1,586 
Receivable from related parties   30,180    -    45,263    - 
Redemptions receivable from private investment companies   -    -    -    - 
Other assets   -    -    -    - 
                     
Total Assets  $3,145,334   $5,112,050   $2,246,333   $5,290,090 
                     
LIABILITIES & CAPITAL                    
                     
LIABILITIES                    
Redemptions payable  $19,055   $71,379   $-   $9,735 
Interest payable to Managing Owner   230    56    326    166 
Service fees payable to Managing Owner   6,769    11,263    4,544    5,362 
Trading fees payable to Managing Owner   13,063    22,540    7,568    11,170 
Advance on unrealized swap appreciation   -    -    -    1,900,000 
Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates   153,743    150,025    61,853    57,132 
Other liabilities   2,793    8,543    4,189    1,488 
                     
Total Liabilities   195,653    263,806    78,480    1,985,053 
                     
CAPITAL                    
Managing Owner - Class 2   30,637    50,058    24,609    28,593 
Limited Owner - Class 1   2,745,609    4,471,980    1,970,940    2,295,623 
Limited Owner - Class 1AP   26,771    33,047    7,591    8,333 
Limited Owner - Class 2   146,664    293,159    164,713    493,464 
                     
Total Owners’ Capital   2,949,681    4,848,244    2,167,853    2,826,013 
                     
Non-Controlling Interests   -    -    -    479,024 
                     
Total Capital   2,949,681    4,848,244    2,167,853    3,305,037 
                     
Total Liabilities and Capital  $3,145,334   $5,112,050   $2,246,333   $5,290,090 
                     
Units Outstanding                    
Class 1   26,356    34,003    22,685    23,536 
Class 1AP   214    214    73    73 
Class 2   1,135    1,780    1,353    3,399 
                     
Net Asset Value per Unit                    
Class 1  $104.18   $131.52   $86.88   $97.54 
Class 1AP  $125.39   $154.43   $104.53   $114.15 
Class 2  $156.22   $192.82   $139.90   $153.59 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

3

 

  

The Series of Frontier Funds

Condensed Schedule of Investments

September 30, 2020 (Unaudited)

  

      Frontier   Frontier   Frontier
Long/Short
 
      Diversified Fund   Masters Fund   Commodity Fund 
          % of Total
Capital
       % of Total
Capital
       % of Total
Capital
 
Description  Fair
Value
   (Net Asset
Value)
   Fair
Value
   (Net Asset
Value)
   Fair
Value
   (Net Asset
Value)
 
SWAPS (1)                           
   Frontier XXXV Diversified select swap (U.S.)  $4,553,855    87.57%  $-    0.00%  $-    0.00%
   Frontier XXXVII L/S select swap (U.S.)   -    0.00%   -    0.00%   578,274    45.68%
   Total Swaps  $4,553,855    87.57%  $-    -   $578,274    45.68%
                                  
PRIVATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES (3)                              
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC  $1,002,472    19.28%  $-    0.00%  $-    0.00%
   Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   505,135    9.71%   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   547,959    10.54%   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   957,482    18.41%   488,902    38.38%   -    0.00%
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   735,269    14.14%   293,558    23.05%   268,630    21.22%
   Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC)   714,671    13.74%   408,790    32.09%   -    0.00%
   Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   -    0.00%   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
   Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   -    0.00%   -    0.00%   425,920    33.65%
                                  
   Total Private Investment Companies  $4,462,988    85.82%  $1,191,250    93.52%  $694,550    54.87%
                                  
INVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED TRADING COMPANIES (3)                              
   Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC  $14,532    0.28%  $10,133    0.80%  $14,637    1.16%
   Total Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies  $14,532    0.28%  $10,133    0.80%  $14,637    1.16%
                                  
U.S. TREASURY SECURITIES (2)                              
FACE VALUE  Fair Value         Fair Value         Fair Value       
$ 80,000  US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (Cost $106,503)  $19,838    0.38%  $13,832    1.09%  $19,981    1.58%
                                  
Additional Disclosure on U.S. Treasury Securities  Face Value         Face Value         Face Value       
   US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (2)  $15,030        $10,480        $15,138      
                                  
Additional Disclosure on U.S. Treasury Securities  Cost         Cost         Cost       
   US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (2)  $20,009        $13,951        $20,153      

 

(1)See Note 4 to the Financial Statements.

(2)See Note 2 to the Financial Statements.

(3)See Note 5 to the Financial Statements.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

4

 

  

The Series of Frontier Funds

Condensed Schedule of Investments

September 30, 2020 (Unaudited)

   

      Frontier   Frontier 
      Balanced Fund   Select Fund 
          % of Total
Capital
       % of Total
Capital
 
Description  Fair
Value
   (Net Asset
Value)
   Fair
Value
   (Net Asset
Value)
 
LONG FUTURES CONTRACTS*                    
   Various agriculture futures contracts (Far East)  $502    0.00%  $-    0.00%
   Various agriculture futures contracts (U.S.)   167,759    1.47%   -    0.00%
   Various base metals futures contracts (U.S.)   (65,902)   -0.58%   -    0.00%
   Various currency futures contracts (Europe)   (15,137)   -0.13%   -    0.00%
   Various currency futures contracts (Latin America)   (30,905)   -0.27%   -    0.00%
   Various currency futures contracts (U.S.)   375    0.00%   -    0.00%
   Various energy futures contracts (U.S.)   (29,500)   -0.26%   -    0.00%
   Various interest rates futures contracts (Europe)   197,574    1.73%   -    0.00%
   Various interest rates futures contracts (Far East)   6,926    0.06%   -    0.00%
   Various interest rates futures contracts (Oceanic)   65,560    0.57%   -    0.00%
   Various interest rates futures contracts (U.S.)   (3,937)   -0.03%   -    0.00%
   Various precious metal futures contracts (U.S.)   (42,070)   -0.37%   -    0.00%
   Various soft futures contracts (U.S.)   (15,983)   -0.14%   -    0.00%
                        
   Total Long Futures Contracts  $235,262    2.05%  $-    0.00%
                        
SHORT FUTURES CONTRACTS*                    
   Various agriculture futures contracts (Far East)  $3,089    0.03%  $-    0.00%
   Various agriculture futures contracts (U.S.)   (190,350)   -1.67%   -    0.00%
   Various base metals futures contracts (U.S.)   10,036    0.09%   -    0.00%
   Various currency futures contracts (Europe)   (1,219)   -0.01%   -    0.00%
   Various currency futures contracts (Latin America)   20,340    0.18%   -    0.00%
   Various currency futures contracts (U.S.)   7,925    0.07%   -    0.00%
   Various energy futures contracts (U.S.)   (7,180)   -0.06%   -    0.00%
   Various interest rates futures contracts (Europe)   (126,110)   -1.11%   -    0.00%
   Various interest rates futures contracts (Far East)   (7,202)   -0.06%   -    0.00%
   Various interest rates futures contracts (Oceanic)   (34,704)   -0.30%   -    0.00%
   Various interest rates futures contracts (U.S.)   (5,563)   -0.05%   -    0.00%
   Various precious metal futures contracts (U.S.)   41,900    0.37%   -    0.00%
   Various soft futures contracts (U.S.)   (6,259)   -0.05%   -    0.00%
   Various stock index futures contracts (Canada)   (1,078)   -0.01%   -    0.00%
   Various stock index futures contracts (Europe)   3,848    0.03%   -    0.00%
   Various stock index futures contracts (Far East)   (2,510)   -0.02%   -    0.00%
                        
   Total Short Futures Contracts  $(295,037)   -2.57%  $-    0.00%
                        
   Total Open Trade Equity (Deficit)  $(59,775)   -0.52%  $-    0.00%
                        
PRIVATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES (3)                    
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC  $2,407,414    21.10%  $-    0.00%
   Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   1,383,560    12.13%   -    0.00%
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   814,635    7.14%   -    0.00%
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   1,437,282    12.60%   -    0.00%
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   2,500,848    21.92%   831,123    53.02%
   Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC)   1,430,376    12.54%   605,710    38.64%
   Total Private Investment Companies  $9,974,115    87.43%  $1,436,833    91.66%
                        
INVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED COMPANIES (3)                    
   Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC  $-    0.00%  $4,856    0.31%
   Total Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies  $-    0.00%  $4,856    0.31%
                        
U.S. TREASURY SECURITIES (2)                    
FACE VALUE      Fair Value          Fair Value       
                        
$ 80,000  US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (Cost $106,503)  $-    0.00%  $6,629    0.42%
                        
Additional Disclosure on U.S. Treasury Securities   Face Value          Face Value       
                        
   US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (2)  $-        $5,022      
                        
Additional Disclosure on U.S. Treasury Securities   Cost          Cost       
                        
   US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (2)  $-        $6,686      

 

*Except for those items disclosed, no individual futures, or forwards position constituted greater than 1 percent of Net Asset Value. Accordingly, the number of contracts and expiration dates are not presented.

 

(1)See Note 4 to the Financial Statements.

(2)See Note 2 to the Financial Statements.

(3)See Note 5 to the Financial Statements.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

5

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Condensed Schedule of Investments

September 30, 2020 (Unaudited)

 

      Frontier Global   Frontier 
      Fund   Heritage Fund 
          % of Total
Capital
       % of Total
Capital
 
Description  Fair
Value
   (Net Asset
Value)
   Fair
Value
   (Net Asset
Value)
 
                    
PRIVATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES (3)                    
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC  $3,040,737    103.09%  $1,405,005    64.81%
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   -    -    684,455    31.57%
   Total Private Investment Companies  $3,040,737    103.09%  $2,089,460    96.38%
                        
INVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED COMPANIES (3)                    
   Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC  $13,279    0.45%  $19,916    0.92%
   Total Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies  $13,279    0.45%  $19,916    0.92%
                        
U.S. TREASURY SECURITIES (2)                    
FACE VALUE       Fair Value           Fair Value       
                        
$ 80,000  US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (Cost $106,503)  $18,127    0.61%  $27,187    1.25%
                        
Additional Disclosure on U.S. Treasury Securities    Face Value           Face Value       
                        
   US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (2)  $13,733        $20,597      
                        
Additional Disclosure on U.S. Treasury Securities    Cost           Cost       
                        
   US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (2)  $18,283        $27,421      

 

(1)See Note 4 to the Financial Statements.

(2)See Note 2 to the Financial Statements.

(3)See Note 5 to the Financial Statements.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

  

6

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Condensed Schedule of Investments

December 31, 2019

 

          Frontier
Diversified Fund
    Frontier
Masters Fund
    Frontier
Long/Short Commodity Fund
 
                % of Total
Capital
          % of Total
Capital
          % of Total
Capital
 
Description   Fair
Value
    (Net Asset
Value)
    Fair
Value
    (Net Asset
Value)
    Fair
Value
    (Net Asset
Value)
 
SWAPS (1)                                    
        Frontier XXXV Diversified select swap (U.S.)   $ 6,384,583       101.18 %   $ -       -     $ -       -  
        Frontier XXXVII L/S select swap (U.S.)     -       -       -       -       362,521       27.74 %
        Total Swaps   $ 6,384,583       101.18 %   $ -       -     $ 362,521       27.74 %
                                                         
PRIVATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES (3)                                                
        Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   $ 494,968       7.84 %   $ 210,013       13.12 %   $ 111,013       8.50 %
        Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC     1,267,090       20.08 %     -       -       -       -  
        Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC     2,031,482       32.19 %     -       -       -       -  
        Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC     1,460,173       23.14 %     -       -       -       -  
        Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC     499,551       7.92 %     -       -       -       -  
        Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC     1,827,263       28.96 %     1,049,575       65.58 %     -       -  
        Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC     1,549,720       24.56 %     466,988       29.18 %     343,834       26.31 %
        Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC     -               472,421       29.52 %     -       -  
        Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC     175,486       2.78 %     -               531,910       40.71 %
        Total Private Investment Companies   $ 9,305,733       147.47 %   $ 2,198,997       137.40 %   $ 986,757       75.52 %
                                                         
INVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED TRADING COMPANIES (3)                                                
        Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   $ 24,150       0.38 %   $ 11,005       0.69 %   $ 14,711       1.13 %
        Total Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   $ 24,150       0.38 %   $ 11,005       0.69 %   $ 14,711       1.13 %
                                                         
U.S. TREASURY SECURITIES (2)
FACE VALUE
  Fair Value             Fair Value             Fair Value          
$ 510,000     US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (Cost $652,026)   $ 99,605       1.58 %   $ 45,391       2.84 %   $ 60,673       4.64 %
            $ 99,605       1.58 %   $ 45,391       2.84 %   $ 60,673       4.64 %
                                                         
Additional Disclosure on U.S. Treasury Securities   Face Value             Fair Value             Face Value          
        US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (2)   $ 78,065             $ 35,575             $ 47,552          
            $ 78,065             $ 35,575             $ 47,552          
                                                         
Additional Disclosure on U.S. Treasury Securities   Cost             Cost             Cost          
        US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (2)   $ 99,804             $ 45,482             $ 60,794          
            $ 99,804             $ 45,482             $ 60,794          

 

(1)See Note 4 to the Financial Statements.

(2)See Note 2 to the Financial Statements.

(3)See Note 5 to the Financial Statements.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

7

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Condensed Schedule of Investments

December 31, 2019

 

          Frontier     Frontier  
          Balanced Fund     Select Fund  
                % of Total
Capital
          % of Total
Capital
 
Description   Fair
Value
    (Net Asset
Value)
    Fair
Value
    (Net Asset
Value)
 
LONG FUTURES CONTRACTS*                                
        Various agriculture futures contracts (U.S.)   $ 22,437       0.17 %   $ -       0.00 %
        Various base metals futures contracts (U.S.)     (3,344 )     -0.02 %     -       0.00 %
        Various energy futures contracts (U.S.)     (735 )     -0.01 %     -       0.00 %
        Various interest rates futures contracts (Europe)     (2,763 )     -0.02 %     -       0.00 %
        Various precious metal futures contracts (U.S.)     45,590       0.34 %     -       0.00 %
        Various soft futures contracts (Far East)     709       0.01 %     -       0.00 %
        Various soft futures contracts (U.S.)     1,740       0.01 %     -       0.00 %
        Various stock index futures contracts (Europe)     (2,506 )     -0.02 %     -       0.00 %
        Various stock index futures contracts (Far East)     (7,157 )     -0.05 %     -       0.00 %
        Various stock index futures contracts (Oceanic)     (21,237 )     -0.16 %     -       0.00 %
        Various stock index futures contracts (U.S.)     21,385       0.16 %     -       0.00 %
        Total Long Futures Contracts   $ 54,119       0.41 %   $ -       0.00 %
SHORT FUTURES CONTRACTS*                                
        Various agriculture futures contracts (U.S.)   $ (1,410 )     -0.01 %   $ -       0.00 %
        Various base metals futures contracts (U.S.)     (6,369 )     -0.05 %     -       0.00 %
        Various energy futures contracts (U.S.)     3,380       0.02 %     -       0.00 %
        Various interest rates futures contracts (Europe)     9,573       0.07 %     -       0.00 %
        Various interest rates futures contracts (Far East)     1,104       0.01 %     -       0.00 %
        Various soft futures contracts (U.S.)     (3,340 )     -0.02 %     -       0.00 %
        Total Short Futures Contracts   $ 2,938       0.01 %   $ -       0.00 %
CURRENCY FORWARDS*                                
        Various currency forwards contracts (NA)   $ 59,127       0.44 %   $ -       0.00 %
        Total Currency Forwards   $ 59,127       0.44 %   $ -       0.00 %
        Total Open Trade Equity (Deficit)   $ 116,184       0.86 %   $ -       0.00 %
                                         
SWAP (1)                                
        Frontier XXXIV Balanced select swap (U.S.)   $ 11,944,753       88.34 %   $ -       -  
        Total Swap   $ 11,944,753       88.34 %   $ -       -  
                                         
PRIVATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES (3)                                
        Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   $ 668,428       4.94 %   $ -       0.00 %
        Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC     1,913,873       14.15 %     -       0.00 %
        Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC     2,589,148       19.15 %     -       0.00 %
        Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC     2,556,118       18.90 %     -       0.00 %
        Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC     533,194       3.94 %     -       0.00 %
        Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC     2,679,197       19.81 %     -       0.00 %
        Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC     2,583,294       19.11 %     835,386       43.55 %
        Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC     -       0.00 %     1,348,854       70.32 %
        Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC     286,640       2.12 %     -       0.00 %
        Total Private Investment Companies   $ 13,809,892       102.14 %   $ 2,184,240       113.87 %
                                         
INVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED COMPANIES (3)                                
        Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   $ 50,867       0.38 %   $ 26,331       1.37 %
        Frontier Trading Company XXXIX, LLC     -       -       479,024       24.97 %
        Total Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   $ 50,867       0.38 %   $ 505,355       26.34 %
                                         
U.S. TREASURY SECURITIES (2)                                
FACE VALUE   Fair Value             Fair Value          
$ 510,000     US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (Cost $652,026)   $ 209,799       1.55 %   $ 108,603       5.66 %
            $ 209,799       1.55 %   $ 108,603       5.66 %
                                         
Additional Disclosure on U.S. Treasury Securities   Face Value             Face Value          
        US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (2)   $ 164,427             $ 85,116          
            $ 164,427             $ 85,116          
                                         
Additional Disclosure on U.S. Treasury Securities   Cost             Cost          
        US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (2)   $ 210,217             $ 108,820          
            $ 210,217             $ 108,820          

 

*Except for those items disclosed, no individual futures, or forwards position constituted greater than 1 percent of Net Asset Value. Accordingly, the number of contracts and expiration dates are not presented.

 

(1)See Note 4 to the Financial Statements.

(2)See Note 2 to the Financial Statements.

(3)See Note 5 to the Financial Statements.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

8

 

  

The Series of Frontier Funds

Condensed Schedule of Investments

December 31, 2019

 

          Frontier
Global Fund
(Formerly Winton Fund)
    Frontier
Heritage Fund
 
                % of Total Capital           % of Total Capital  
Description   Fair
Value
    (Net Asset
Value)
    Fair
Value
    (Net Asset
Value)
 
SWAP (1)                        
        Frontier Brevan Howard swap (U.S.)   $ -       -     $ 2,888,008       18.14 %
        Total Swap   $ -       -     $ 2,888,008       18.14 %
                                         
PRIVATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES (3)                                
        Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   $ -       -     $ 786,246       27.82 %
        Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC     5,022,967       139.99 %     1,473,432       52.14 %
        Total Private Investment Companies   $ 5,022,967       139.99 %   $ 2,259,678       79.96 %
                                         
INVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED COMPANIES (3)                                
        Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   $ 11,818       0.33 %   $ 18,891       0.67 %
        Total Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   $ 11,818       0.33 %   $ 18,891       0.67 %
                                         
U.S. TREASURY SECURITIES (2)                                
FACE VALUE   Fair Value             Fair Value          
$ 510,000     US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (Cost $652,026)   $ 48,741       1.36 %   $ 77,916       2.76 %
            $ 48,741       1.36 %   $ 77,916       2.76 %
                                         
Additional Disclosure on U.S. Treasury Securities   Face Value             Face Value          
        US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (2)   $ 38,200             $ 61,065          
            $ 38,200             $ 61,065          
                                         
Additional Disclosure on U.S. Treasury Securities   Cost             Cost          
        US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (2)   $ 48,838             $ 78,071          
            $ 48,838             $ 78,071          

 

*Except for those items disclosed, no individual futures, or forwards contract position constituted greater than 1 percent of Net Asset Value. Accordingly, the number of contracts and expiration dates are not presented.

 

(1)See Note 4 to the Financial Statements.

(2)See Note 2 to the Financial Statements.

(3)See Note 5 to the Financial Statements.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

9

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Operations

For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 (Unaudited) and 2019

 

   Frontier
Diversified Fund
   Frontier
Masters Fund
   Frontier
Long/Short Commodity Fund
 
   9/30/2020   9/30/2019   9/30/2020   9/30/2019   9/30/2020   9/30/2019 
                         
Investment income:                        
Interest - net  $1,143   $1,542   $851   $2,215   $906   $693 
                               
Total Income   1,143    1,542    851    2,215    906    693 
                               
Expenses:                              
Service Fees - Class 1   2,062    11,313    407    1,256    108    134 
Due Diligence Fees   1,740    -    438    -    90    - 
Trading Fees   50,536    126,165    21,879    49,626    7,777    14,443 
Other Fees   -    -    -    -    -    - 
                               
Total Expenses   54,338    137,478    22,724    50,882    7,975    14,577 
                               
Investment (loss) - net   (53,195)   (135,936)   (21,873)   (48,667)   (7,069)   (13,884)
                               
Realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments:                              
Net realized gain/(loss) on futures, forwards and options   -    -    -    -    -    - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (397,041)   165,726    (226,881)   35,290    29,022    (196,972)
Net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (51,059)   (140,151)   14,487    (47,606)   (44,189)   60,266 
Net change in open trade equity/(deficit)   -    -    -    -    -    - 
Net realized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   -    -    -    -    -    - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   (75,700)   193,070    -    -    (4,244)   (51,763)
Net realized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   509    12,056    (269)   5,274    (994)   2,456 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   80    (8,429)   (76)   (7,593)   25    (2,391)
Trading commissions   -    -    -    -    -    - 
Change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated trading companies   (1,015)   (1,298)   (934)   (1,813)   (1,058)   (530)
                               
Net gain/(loss) on investments   (524,226)   220,974    (213,673)   (16,448)   (21,438)   (188,934)
                               
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS   (577,421)   85,038    (235,546)   (65,115)   (28,507)   (202,818)
                               
Less: Operations attributable to non-controlling interests   -    -    -    -         - 
                               
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS  $(577,421)  $85,038   $(235,546)  $(65,115)  $(28,507)  $(202,818)
                               
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS PER UNIT                              
Class 1  $(7.61)  $0.28   $(9.77)  $(2.60)    N/A      N/A  
Class 1a    N/A      N/A      N/A      N/A    $(44.58)  $(5.30)
Class 2  $(8.88)  $0.87   $(11.58)  $(2.35)  $(1.86)  $(9.76)
Class 2a    N/A      N/A      N/A      N/A    $(1.11)  $(5.94)
Class 3  $(8.26)  $0.88   $(10.83)  $(2.14)  $(1.95)  $(10.18)
Class 3a    N/A      N/A      N/A      N/A    $(1.12)  $(6.21)

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

10

 

  

The Series of the Frontier Funds

Statements of Operations

For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 (Unaudited) and 2019

  

   Frontier Balanced Fund   Frontier Select Fund 
   9/30/2020   9/30/2019   9/30/2020   9/30/2019 
                 
Investment income:                
Interest - net  $41   $11,640    -   $(5)
                     
Total Income/(loss)   41    11,640    -    (5)
                     
Expenses:                    
Management Fees   5,029    4,614    -    - 
Service Fees - Class 1   73,754    145,900    13,025    27,710 
Risk analysis Fees   1,509    1,385    -    - 
Trading Fees   127,677    236,156    10,391    21,767 
Other Fees   45    -    -    - 
                     
Total Expenses   208,014    388,055    23,416    49,477 
                     
Investment (loss) - net   (207,973)   (376,415)   (23,416)   (49,482)
                     
Realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments:                    
Net realized gain/(loss) on futures, forwards and options   167,553    (92,058)   -    - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (961,993)   236,355    (193,003)   25,424 
Net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   139,086    (26,292)   (3,202)   113,671 
Net change in open trade equity/(deficit)   (53,834)   (28,271)   -    - 
Net realized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   -    -    -    - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   (168,921)   458,043    -    - 
Net realized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   2,036    3,743    (374)   6,987 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   (384)   (5,494)   (417)   (5,819)
Trading commissions   (5,477)   (9,459)   -    - 
Change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated trading companies   (1,283)   (847)   (728)   (1,094)
                     
Net gain/(loss) on investments   (883,217)   535,720    (197,724)   139,169 
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS   (1,091,190)   159,305    (221,140)   89,687 
                     
Less:  Operations attributable to non-controlling interests   -    -    -    - 
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS  $(1,091,190)  $159,305   $(221,140)  $89,687 
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS PER UNIT                    
Class 1  $(6.77)  $0.33   $(7.69)  $1.73 
Class 1AP  $(7.42)  $1.41   $(8.70)  $2.69 
Class 2  $(10.02)  $1.90   $(11.55)  $3.56 
Class 2a  $(8.71)  $1.58     N/A     N/A 
Class 3a  $(8.64)  $1.64     N/A     N/A 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

11

 

 

The Series of the Frontier Funds

Statements of Operations

For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 (Unaudited) and 2019

 

   Frontier Global Fund   Frontier Heritage Fund 
   9/30/2020   9/30/2019   9/30/2020   9/30/2019 
                 
Investment income:                
Interest - net  $-   $(2)  $-   $(6)
                     
Total Income   -    (2)   -    (6)
                     
Expenses:                    
Management Fees   -    -    -    - 
Service Fees - Class 1   22,977    45,272    15,845    22,197 
Trading Fees   42,481    82,029    25,094    31,932 
Other Fees   -    -    -    - 
                     
Total Expenses   65,458    127,301    40,939    54,129 
                     
Investment (loss) - net   (65,458)   (127,303)   (40,939)   (54,135)
                     
Realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments:                    
Net realized gain/(loss) on futures, forwards and options   -    -    -    - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (465,994)   409,626    (150,921)   225,227 
Net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   30,501    86,211    (55,592)   (51,997)
Net realized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   -    -    -    - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   -    -    -    1,777 
Net realized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   (1,194)   231    (772)   4,776 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   69    (3,190)   (402)   (4,018)
Trading commissions   -    -    -    - 
Change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated trading companies   (1,415)   (1,261)   (1,106)   (1,352)
                     
Net gain/(loss) on investments   (438,033)   491,617    (208,793)   174,413 
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS   (503,491)   364,314    (249,732)   120,278 
                     
Less: Operations attributable to non-controlling interests   -    -    -    (861)
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS  $(503,491)  $364,314   $(249,732)  $121,139 
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS PER UNIT                    
Class 1  $(17.50)  $8.39   $(9.63)  $3.33 
Class 1AP  $(19.96)  $11.03   $(10.72)  $4.82 
Class 2  $(24.87)  $13.72   $(14.34)  $6.52 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

12

 

 

The Series of the Frontier Funds

Statements of Operations

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 (Unaudited) and 2019

 

   Frontier Diversified Fund   Frontier Masters Fund   Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund 
   9/30/2020   9/30/2019   9/30/2020   9/30/2019   9/30/2020   9/30/2019 
                         
Investment income:                        
Interest - net  $2,006   $7,544   $2,329   $4,371   $2,025   $1,828 
                               
Total Income   2,006    7,544    2,329    4,371    2,025    1,828 
                               
Expenses:                              
Management Fees   -    2,668    -    7,665    -    - 
Service Fees - Class 1   12,712    34,708    1,501    11,010    330    448 
Due Diligence Fees   7,195    -    1,641    -    275    - 
Trading Fees   208,221    382,495    83,524    175,662    25,089    42,660 
Other Fees   -    -    -    -    -    - 
                               
Total Expenses   228,128    419,871    86,666    194,337    25,694    43,108 
                               
Investment (loss) - net   (226,122)   (412,327)   (84,337)   (189,966)   (23,669)   (41,280)
                               
Realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments:                              
Net realized gain/(loss) on futures, forwards and options   -    -    -    -    -    - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   372,285    1,095,404    280,814    170,629    206,081    517,511 
Net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (1,295,055)   (589,985)   (696,820)   (147,373)   (394,032)   (641,976)
Net change in open trade equity/(deficit)   -    -    -    -    -    - 
Net realized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   -    -    -    -    -    - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   (2,099,874)   154,015    -    -    215,753    (94,964)
Net realized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   (19,521)   11,466    6,092    10,671    6,224    5,161 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   27,421    (8,854)   (2,674)   (4,121)   (1,476)   (1,996)
Trading commissions   -    -    -    -    -    - 
Change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated trading companies   (5,303)   (86,911)   (6,972)   (69,323)   (9,851)   (1,559)
                               
Net gain/(loss) on investments   (3,020,047)   575,135    (419,560)   (39,517)   22,699    (217,823)
                               
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS   (3,246,169)   162,808    (503,897)   (229,483)   (970)   (259,103)
                               
Less: Operations attributable to non-controlling interests   -    -    -    -         - 
                               
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS  $(3,246,169)  $162,808   $(503,897)  $(229,483)  $(970)  $(259,103)
                               
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS PER UNIT                              
Class 1  $(34.62)  $0.47   $(20.13)  $(6.37)    N/A     N/A 
Class 1a    N/A     N/A     N/A     N/A   $(44.20)  $(9.24)
Class 2  $(40.58)  $2.14   $(23.63)  $(5.93)  $(0.19)  $(10.06)
Class 2a    N/A     N/A     N/A     N/A   $(0.17)  $(10.23)
Class 3  $(37.78)  $2.22   $(22.05)  $(5.38)  $(0.24)  $(10.50)
Class 3a    N/A     N/A     N/A     N/A   $(0.05)  $(10.59)

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

13

 

 

The Series of the Frontier Funds

Statements of Operations

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 (Unaudited) and 2019

 

   Frontier Balanced Fund   Frontier Select Fund 
   9/30/2020   9/30/2019   9/30/2020   9/30/2019 
                 
Investment income:                
Interest - net  $6,361   $36,502   $-   $(5)
                     
Total Income/(loss)   6,361    36,502    -    (5)
                     
Expenses:                    
Management Fees   14,753    17,979    -    - 
Service Fees - Class 1   284,736    470,826    51,117    79,777 
Risk analysis Fees   4,426    4,257    -    - 
Trading Fees   465,170    763,616    42,791    66,874 
Other Fees   83    -    -    - 
                     
Total Expenses   769,168    1,256,678    93,908    146,651 
                     
Investment (loss) - net   (762,807)   (1,220,176)   (93,908)   (146,656)
                     
Realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments:                    
Net realized gain/(loss) on futures, forwards and options   588,112    165,840    -    - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (325,724)   1,703,296    (49,653)   284,633 
Net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (1,666,467)   (787,630)   (285,836)   138,172 
Net change in open trade equity/(deficit)   (130,869)   (224,786)   -    - 
Net realized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   -    -    (102,307)   - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   (5,804,030)   354,147    -    - 
Net realized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   28,151    12,092    3,374    18,138 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   (5,409)   (426)   (3,372)   (14,497)
Trading commissions   (17,535)   (25,691)   -    - 
Change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated trading companies   (31,836)   (140,477)   87,721    36,616 
                     
Net gain/(loss) on investments   (7,365,607)   1,056,365    (350,073)   463,062 
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS   (8,128,414)   (163,811)   (443,981)   316,406 
                     
Less: Operations attributable to non-controlling interests   -    -    -    - 
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS  $(8,128,414)  $(163,811)  $(443,981)  $316,406 
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS PER UNIT                    
Class 1  $(45.41)  $(0.94)  $(13.21)  $6.35 
Class 1AP  $(51.47)  $1.94   $(14.31)  $8.55 
Class 2  $(69.40)  $2.62   $(18.74)  $12.34 
Class 2a  $(60.14)  $2.26     N/A     N/A 
Class 3a  $(59.90)  $2.29     N/A     N/A 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

14

 

 

The Series of the Frontier Funds

Statements of Operations

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 (Unaudited) and 2019

 

   Frontier Global Fund   Frontier Heritage Fund 
   9/30/2020   9/30/2019   9/30/2020   9/30/2019 
                 
Investment income:                
Interest - net  $-   $(2)  $-   $(6)
                     
Total Income   -    (2)   -    (6)
                     
Expenses:                    
Management Fees   -    38,679    -    7,289 
Service Fees - Class 1   81,204    140,174    51,802    66,095 
Trading Fees   150,154    207,342    83,036    88,678 
                     
Total Expenses   231,358    386,195    134,838    162,062 
                     
Investment (loss) - net   (231,358)   (386,197)   (134,838)   (162,068)
                     
Realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments:                    
Net realized gain/(loss) on futures, forwards and options   -    -    -    - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (970,042)   1,963,540    (75,695)   741,499 
Net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   448,127    (279,918)   (56,727)   (125,925)
Net realized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   -    -    (97,745)   - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   -    -    197,829    83,006 
Net realized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   11,338    26,675    9,015    10,916 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   (3,645)   (32,677)   (7,369)   (6,631)
Trading commissions   -    -    -    - 
Change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated trading companies   (10,687)   (353,266)   (7,250)   (65,270)
                     
Net gain/(loss) on investments   (524,909)   1,324,354    (37,942)   637,595 
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS   (756,267)   938,157    (172,780)   475,527 
                     
Less: Operations attributable to non-controlling interests   -    -    95,914    40,244 
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS  $(756,267)  $938,157   $(268,694)  $435,283 
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS PER UNIT                    
Class 1  $(27.34)  $20.45   $(10.65)  $13.10 
Class 1AP  $(29.04)  $27.24   $(9.62)  $19.38 
Class 2  $(36.60)  $34.03   $(13.69)  $23.95 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

15

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Changes in Owners’ Capital

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 (Unaudited)

 

   Frontier Diversified Fund   Frontier Masters Fund 
   Class 1   Class 2   Class 2   Class 3   Class 3   Non-       Class 1   Class 2   Class 2   Class 3   Class 3   Non-     
   Limited Owners   Managing Owner   Limited Owners   Managing Owner   Limited Owners   Controlling Interests   Total   Limited Owners   Managing Owner   Limited Owners   Managing Owner   Limited Owners   Controlling Interests   Total 
                                                         
Owners’ Capital, December 31, 2019  $1,303,195   $3,023   $5,597,828   $115,933   $4,979,641        -   $11,999,620   $12,794   $13,043   $837,765   $9,228   $1,365,209    -   $2,238,039 
                                                                       
Sale of Units   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Redemption of Units   -    -    (2,629,631)   (26,100)   (897,767)   -    (3,553,498)   -    (3,400)   (141,223)   -    (315,727)   -    (460,350)
Transfer of Units In(Out)   (987,405)   -    -    -    987,405    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
                                                                       
Net increase/(decrease) in Owners’                                                                      
Capital resulting from operations attributable to controlling interests   (174,700)   (1,009)   (1,247,369)   (35,556)   (1,787,535)   -    (3,246,169)   (3,590)   (2,942)   (195,888)   (2,490)   (298,987)   -    (503,897)
                                                                       
Owners’ Capital, September 30, 2020  $141,090   $2,014   $1,720,828   $54,277   $3,281,744    -   $5,199,953   $9,205   $6,702   $500,654   $6,739   $750,494    -   $1,273,794 
                                                                       
Owners’ Capital - Units, December 31, 2019   12,890    25    46,042    1,021    43,832              177    149    9,610    113    16,693           
                                                                       
Sale of Units (including transfers)   -    -    -    -    -              -    -    -    -    -           
Redemption of Units (including transfers)   (10,768)   -    (24,798)   (305)   (554)             -    (44)   (1,733)   -    (4,128)          
                                                                       
Owners’ Capital - Units, September 30, 2020   2,122    25    21,244    716    43,278              177    105    7,877    113    12,565           
                                                                       
Net asset value per unit at December 31, 2019  $101.10        $121.58        $113.61             $72.28        $87.18        $81.78           
                                                                       
Change in net asset value per unit for the Nine months ended September 30, 2020  $(34.62)       $(40.58)       $(37.78)            $(20.13)       $(23.63)       $(22.05)          
                                                                       
Net asset value per unit at September 30, 2020  $66.48        $81.00        $75.83             $52.15        $63.55        $59.73           

 

  (1) Values are for both the Managing Owner and Limited Owners.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

16

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Changes in Owners’ Capital

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 (Unaudited)

 

   Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund 
   Class 2   Class 3   Class 1a   Class 2a   Class 3a         
   Managing Owner   Limited Owners   Limited Owners   Limited Owners   Managing Owner   Limited Owners   Managing Owner   Limited Owners   Non-Controlling Interests   Total 
                                         
                                         
Owners’ Capital, December 31, 2019  $4,530   $36,515   $991,828   $11,447   $7,861   $73,965   $993   $207,151    -   $1,334,290 
                                                   
Sale of Units   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Redemption of Units   (600)   (7,667)   (53,726)   -    2    (1,195)   -    (4,304)   -    (67,490)
Transfer of Units In(Out)   -    -    -    (11,267)   -    -    -    11,267    -    - 
Net increase/(decrease) in Owners’   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
 Capital resulting from operations attributable to controlling interests   2    (130)   (357)   (180)   (25)   (209)   (1)   (70)   -    (970)
                                                   
Owners’ Capital, September 30, 2020  $3,932   $28,718   $937,745   $-   $7,840   $72,561   $992   $214,044          -   $1,265,832 
                                                   
Owners’ Capital - Units, December 31, 2019   56    447    11,581    259    149    1,408    18    3,745           
                                                   
Sale of Units (including transfers)   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -           
Redemption of Units (including transfers)   (8)   (94)   (601)   (259)   1    (23)   -    128           
                                                   
Owners’ Capital - Units, September 30, 2020  $48   $353   $10,980   $-   $150   $1,385   $18   $3,873           
                                                   
Net asset value per unit at December 31, 2019       $81.60   $85.64   $44.20        $52.55        $55.31           
                                                   
Change in net asset value per unit for the Nine months ended September 30, 2020        (0.19)   (0.24)   (44.20)        (0.16)        (0.04)          
                                                   
Net asset value per unit at September 30, 2020       $81.41   $85.40   $-        $52.39        $55.27           

 

  (2) Values are for both the Managing Owner and Limited Owners.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

17

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Changes in Owners’ Capital

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 (Unaudited)

 

   Frontier Balanced Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3a         
   Limited Owners   Limited Owners   Managing Owner   Limited Owners   Managing Owner   Limited Owners   Limited Owners   Non-Controlling Interests   Total 
                                     
Owners’ Capital, December 31, 2019  $17,797,600   $238,544   $73,748   $3,288,105   $151,133   $44,048   $900,583       -   $22,493,761 
                                              
Sale of Units   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Redemption of Units   (2,577,034)   -    -    (295,415)   (19,800)   -    (63,588)   -    (2,955,837)
Transfer of Units In(Out)   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Net increase/(decrease) in Owners’   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Capital resulting from operations attributable to controlling interests   (6,420,418)   (89,085)   (27,541)   (1,190,932)   (54,239)   (16,440)   (329,759)   -    (8,128,414)
                                              
Owners’ Capital, September 30, 2020  $8,800,149   $149,459   $46,207   $1,801,758   $77,094   $27,608   $507,236    -   $11,409,511 
                                              
Owners’ Capital - Units, December 31, 2019   151,814    1,731    397    17,695    938    274    5,611           
                                              
Sale of Units (including transfers)   -    -    -    -    -    -    -           
Redemption of Units (including transfers)   (29,284)   -    -    (2,219)   (174)   -    (569)          
                                              
Owners’ Capital - Units, September 30, 2020   122,530    1,731    397    15,476    764    274    5,042           
                                              
Net asset value per unit at December 31, 2019  $117.23   $137.81        $185.82        $161.04   $160.50           
                                              
Change in net asset value per unit for the Nine months ended September 30, 2020  $(45.41)  $(51.47)       $(69.40)       $(60.14)  $(59.90)          
                                              
Net asset value per unit at September 30, 2020  $71.82   $86.34        $116.42        $100.90   $100.60           

 

(1) Values are for both the Managing Owner and Limited Owners.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

18

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Changes in Owners’ Capital

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 (Unaudited)

 

   Frontier Select Fund   Frontier Global Fund   Frontier Heritage Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Non-       Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Non-       Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Non-     
   Limited Owners   Limited Owners   Managing Owner   Limited Owners   Controlling Interests   Total   Limited Owners   Limited Owners   Managing Owner   Limited Owners   Controlling Interests   Total   Limited Owners   Limited Owners   Managing Owner   Limited Owners   Controlling Interests   Total 
                                                                         
Owners’ Capital, December 31, 2019  $2,715,051   $10,834   $29,831   $60,910    -   $2,816,626   $4,471,980   $33,047   $50,058   $293,159   $-   $4,848,244   $2,295,623   $8,333   $28,593   $493,464   $479,024   $3,305,037 
                                                                                           
Sale of Units   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Redemption of Units   (790,915)   -    (9,000)   (5,198)   -    (805,113)   (1,009,896)   -    (12,900)   (119,501)   -    (1,142,297)   (84,653)   -    (1,700)   (303,112)   -    (389,465)
Transfer of Units In(Out)   -    -    -         -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Net increase/(decrease) in Owners’   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Capital resulting from operations attributable to controlling interests   (428,177)   (1,952)   (4,057)   (9,795)   -    (443,981)   (716,475)   (6,277)   (6,521)   (26,994)   -   $(756,267)   (240,030)   (742)   (2,284)   (25,639)   (479,024)   (747,719)
                                                                                           
Owners’ Capital, September 30, 2020  $1,495,959   $8,882   $16,774   $45,917   $-   $1,567,532   $2,745,609   $26,771   $30,637   $146,664   $-   $2,949,681   $1,970,940   $7,591   $24,609   $164,713   $-   $2,167,853 
                                                                                           
Owners’ Capital - Units, December 31, 2019   40,793    138    288    585              34,003    214    260    1,520              23,536    73    186    3,213           
                                                                                           
Sale of Units (including transfers)   -    -    -    -              -    -    -    -              -    -    -    -           
Redemption of Units (including transfers)   (12,755)   -    (91)   (46)             (7,647)   -    (64)   (581)             (851)   -    (10)   (2,036)          
                                                                                           
Owners’ Capital - Units, September 30, 2020   28,038    138    197    539              26,356    214    196    939              22,685    73    176    1,177           
                                                                                           
Net asset value per unit at December 31, 2019  $66.56   $78.51        $103.94             $131.52   $154.43        $192.82             $97.54   $114.15        $153.59           
Change in net asset value per unit for the Nine months ended September 30, 2020   (13.21)   (14.31)        (18.74)             (27.34)   (29.04)        (36.60)             (10.65)   (9.62)        (13.69)          
Net asset value per unit at September 30, 2020  $53.35   $64.20        $85.20             $104.18   $125.39        $156.22             $86.88   $104.53        $139.90           

 

(1) Values are for both the Managing Owner and Limited Owners.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

19

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Cash Flows

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019 (Unaudited)

 

   Frontier Diversified Fund   Frontier Masters Fund   Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund 
   September 30,
2020
   September 30,
2019
   September 30,
2020
   September 30,
2019
   September 30,
2020
   September 30,
2019
 
                         
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:                     
Net increase/(decrease) in capital resulting from operations  $(3,246,169)  $162,808   $(503,897)  $(229,483)  $(970)  $(259,103)
Adjustments to reconcile net increase/(decrease) in capital resulting from operations to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:                              
Change in:                              
Net change in ownership allocation of U.S. Treasury securities   1,348,473    1,879,602    (386,057)   667,275    (286,463)   (369,853)
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on swap contracts   2,099,874    (154,015)   -    -    (215,753)   94,964 
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on U.S. Treasury securities   (27,421)   8,854    2,674    4,121    1,476    1,996 
Net realized (gain)/loss on U.S. Treasury securities   19,521    (11,466)   (6,092)   (10,671)   (6,224)   (5,161)
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on private investment companies   (372,285)   (1,095,404)   (280,814)   (170,629)   (206,081)   (517,511)
Net realized (gain)/loss on private investment companies   1,295,055    589,985    694,341    (147,373)   394,032    641,976 
(Purchases) sales of:                              
(Purchases) of swap contracts   (269,146)   -    -    -    -    - 
Sales of U.S. Treasury securities   461,162    1,531,470    1,199,617    436,661    866,588    948,424 
(Purchases) of U.S. Treasury securities   (1,723,974)   (2,046,958)   (780,910)   (1,078,415)   (536,710)   (535,065)
U.S. Treasury interest and premium paid/amortized   2,006    (5)   2,329    4,371    2,025    1,828 
(Purchases) of Private Investment Companies   (2,011,773)   (4,768,240)   (1,149,732)   (1,779,115)   (173,665)   (1,149,013)
Reduction of collateral in Swap contracts   -    1    -    -    -    - 
Sale of Private Investment Companies   5,931,748    6,503,414    1,743,952    4,175,445    277,921    1,346,455 
Increase and/or decrease in:                              
Investments in unconsolidated trading companies, at fair value   9,618    1,146,315    872    765,267    74    15,966 
Prepaid service fees   -    -    -    -    -    - 
Interest receivable   1,895    30,717    832    2,266    1,163    3,086 
Receivable from related parties   (21,575)   (105,149)   (23,029)   -    (33,267)   - 
Other assets   5,700    (178,138)   -    -    -    - 
Due to broker   -    -    -    -    -    - 
Redemptions receivable from private investment companies   60,241    -    (44,070)   -    (1,250)   - 
Incentive fees payable to Managing Owner   -    6,380    -    -    -    60,871 
Management fees payable to Managing Owner   -    (3,875)   -    (8,347)   -    - 
Trading fees payable to Managing Owner   (19,191)   (4,813)   (4,313)   (11,077)   (769)   (716)
Service fees payable to Managing Owner   (2,760)   (2,283)   (79)   (1,633)   -    (51)
Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates   119    97,019    184    3,658    189    - 
Other liabilities   3,054    -    1,630    381    2,409    637 
                               
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities   3,544,172    3,586,219    467,438    2,622,702    84,769    279,693 
                               
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:                              
Payment for redemption of units   (3,553,498)   (4,029,284)   (460,350)   (2,649,137)   (67,488)   (316,532)
Change in owner redemptions payable   -    -    -    -    (4,276)   - 
                               
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities   (3,553,498)   (4,029,284)   (460,350)   (2,649,137)   (71,764)   (316,532)
                               
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   (9,326)   (443,065)   7,088    (26,435)   13,005    (36,839)
                               
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period   56,263    472,695    25,639    46,374    34,272    61,600 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period  $46,937   $29,630   $32,727   $19,939   $47,277   $24,761 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

20

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Cash Flows

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019 (Unaudited)

 

   Frontier Balanced Fund   Frontier Select Fund 
   September 30,
2020
   September 30,
2019
   September 30,
2020
   September 30,
2019
 
     
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:                
Net increase/(decrease) in capital resulting from operations  $(8,128,414)  $(163,811)  $(443,981)  $316,406 
Adjustments to reconcile net increase/(decrease) in capital resulting from operations to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:                    
Change in:                    
Net change in open trade equity, at fair value   175,959    195,475    -    - 
Net change in ownership allocation of U.S. Treasury securities   179,457    1,479,242    (218,192)   (914,443)
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on swap contracts   5,804,030    (354,147)   -    - 
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on U.S. Treasury securities   5,409    426    3,372    14,497 
Net realized (gain)/loss on U.S. Treasury securities   (28,151)   (12,092)   (3,374)   (18,138)
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on private investment companies   325,724    (1,703,296)   49,653    (284,633)
Net realized (gain)/loss on private investment companies   1,666,467    787,630    285,836    (138,172)
(Purchases) sales of:                    
(Purchases) of swap contracts   (1,178,697)   -    -    - 
Sales of U.S. Treasury securities   3,616,957    972,761    1,721,835    1,906,054 
(Purchases) of U.S. Treasury securities   (3,570,232)   (2,671,069)   (1,401,667)   (1,332,376)
U.S. Treasury interest and premium paid/amortized   6,361    36,502    -    (5)
(Purchases) of Private Investment Companies   (4,464,511)   (8,141,550)   (1,911,902)   (1,071,749)
Sale of Private Investment Companies   6,308,097    16,823,824    2,323,820    2,167,428 
Increase and/or decrease in:                    
Receivable from futures commission merchants   1,745,358    (177,958)   -    - 
Investments in unconsolidated trading companies, at fair value   50,867    1,720,824    500,499    (61,265)
Interest receivable   4,270    391    2,224    (1,195)
Receivable from related parties   -    -    (11,037)   - 
Other assets   -    (380,111)   -    - 
Payables to related parties   175,803    -    -    - 
Management fees payable to Managing Owner   108    (5,248)   -    - 
Interest payable to Managing Owner   256    (1,244)   458    282 
Trading fees payable to Managing Owner   (28,699)   (25,253)   (1,912)   (369)
Service fees payable to Managing Owner   (21,057)   (14,538)   (3,205)   (188)
Risk analysis fees payable   1,564    302    -    - 
Redemptions receivable from private investment companies   184,180    -    (128,396)   - 
Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates   21,905    50,347    2,115    4,560 
Other liabilities   (1,819)   1,019    (7,486)   8,572 
                     
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities   2,851,192    8,418,426    758,660    595,266 
                     
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:                    
Payment for redemption of units   (2,955,837)   (8,399,715)   (805,113)   (554,391)
Change in owner redemptions payable   (13,861)   (7,187)   793    - 
                     
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities   (2,969,698)   (8,406,902)   (804,320)   (554,391)
                     
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   (118,506)   11,524    (45,660)   40,875 
                     
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period   118,506    37,556    61,345    25,072 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period  $-   $49,080   $15,685   $65,947 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

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The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Cash Flows

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019 (Unaudited)

 

   Frontier Global Fund   Frontier Heritage Fund 
   September 30,
2020
   September 30,
2019
   September 30,
2020
   September 30,
2019
 
                 
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:                
Net increase/(decrease) in capital resulting from operations  $(756,267)  $938,157   $(268,694)  $475,527 
Adjustments to reconcile net increase/(decrease) in capital resulting from operations to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:                    
Change in:                    
Net change in open trade equity, at fair value   -    -    -    - 
Net change in ownership allocation of U.S. Treasury securities   (572,676)   (2,136,419)   (75,421)   (604,742)
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on swap contracts   -    -    (197,829)   (83,006)
Net realized (gain)/loss on swap contracts   -    -    97,745    - 
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on U.S. Treasury securities   3,645    32,677    7,369    6,631 
Net realized (gain)/loss on U.S. Treasury securities   (11,338)   (26,675)   (9,015)   (10,916)
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on private investment companies   970,042    (1,963,540)   75,695    (741,499)
Net realized (gain)/loss on private investment companies   (448,127)   279,918    56,727    125,925 
(Purchases) sale of:                    
Sales of U.S. Treasury Securities   1,191,317    8,578,317    932,192    1,980,729 
(Purchases) of U.S. Treasury securities   (580,333)   (3,455,520)   (804,397)   (1,446,573)
U.S. Treasury interest and premium paid/amortized   -    (2)   -    (6)
Sales of swap contracts   -    -    1,491,965    - 
(Purchases) of Private Investment Companies   (463,750)   (4,884,833)   (941,369)   (750,704)
Sale of Private Investment Companies   1,924,065    373,200    979,165    1,293,592 
Reduction of collateral in Swap contracts   -    -    1,496,127    - 
Increase and/or decrease in:                    
Investments in unconsolidated trading companies, at fair value   (1,461)   4,281,863    (1,025)   687,202 
Interest receivable   871    63,537    1,405    5,634 
Receivable from related parties   (30,180)   -    (45,263)   - 
Advance on unrealized Swap Appreciation   -    -    (1,900,000)   - 
Management fees payable to Managing Owner   -    (42,705)   -    (9,201)
Interest payable to Managing Owner   174    (7,846)   160    (764)
Trading fees payable to Managing Owner   (9,477)   5,614    (3,602)   2,200 
Service fees payable to Managing Owner   (4,494)   (4,300)   (818)   (350)
Payables to related parties   -    -    -    697 
Redemptions receivable from private investment companies   -    -    -    - 
Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates   3,718    14,866    4,721    9,185 
Other liabilities   (5,750)   8,402    2,701    2,165 
                     
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities   1,209,979    2,054,711    898,539    941,725 
                     
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:                    
Payment for redemption of units   (1,142,297)   (2,985,464)   (389,465)   (1,003,869)
Change in non-controlling interest   -    -    (479,024)   - 
Change in owner redemptions payable   (52,324)   -    (9,735)   7,210 
                     
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities   (1,194,621)   (2,985,464)   (878,224)   (996,659)
                     
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   15,358    (930,753)   20,315    (54,934)
                     
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period   27,532    951,485    44,011    135,096 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period  $42,890   $20,732   $64,326   $80,162 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

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Notes to Financial Statements

 

1. Organization and Purpose

 

Frontier Funds, which is referred to in this report as the “Trust”, was formed on August 8, 2003, as a Delaware statutory trust. Please refer to the consolidated financial statements of the Trust included within this periodic report. The Trust is a multi-advisor commodity pool, as described in Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) Regulation § 4.10(d)(2). The Trust has authority to issue separate series, or each, a Series, of units of beneficial interest (the “Units”) pursuant to the requirements of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, as amended (the “Trust Act”). The assets of each Series are valued and accounted for separately from the assets of other Series. The Trust is not registered as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”). It is managed by Frontier Fund Management LLC (the “Managing Owner”).

 

Purchasers of Units are limited owners of the Trust (“Limited Owners”) with respect to beneficial interests of the Series’ Units purchased. The Trust Act provides that, except as otherwise provided in the second amended and restated declaration of trust and trust agreement dated December 9, 2013, as further amended, by and among the Managing Owner, Wilmington Trust Company as trustee and the unitholders, as may be amended from time to time (“Trust Agreement”), unitholders of the Trust will have the same limitation of liability as do stockholders of private corporations organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. The Trust Agreement confers substantially the same limited liability, and contains the same limited exceptions thereto, as would a limited partnership agreement for a Delaware limited partnership engaged in like transactions as the Trust. In addition, pursuant to the Trust Agreement, the Managing Owner of the Trust is liable for obligations of a Series in excess of that Series’ assets. Limited Owners do not have any such liability. The Managing Owner will make contributions to the Series of the Trust necessary to maintain at least a 1% interest in the aggregate capital, profits and losses of the combined Series of the Trust.

 

The Trust has been organized to pool investor funds for the purpose of trading in the United States (“U.S.”) and international markets for currencies, interest rates, stock indices, agricultural and energy products, precious and base metals and other commodities. The Trust may also engage in futures contracts, forwards, option contracts and other interest in derivative instruments, including swap contracts.

 

The Trust has seven (7) separate and distinct Series of Units issued and outstanding: Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Global Fund, and Frontier Heritage Fund, (each a “Series” and collectively, the “Series”). The Trust, with respect to the Series, may issue additional Series of Units.

 

The Trust, with respect to each Series:

 

  engages in the speculative trading of a diversified portfolio of futures, forwards (including interbank foreign currencies), options contracts and other derivative instruments (including swap contracts), and may, from time to time, engage in cash and spot transactions;

 

  allocates funds to a limited liability trading company or companies (“Trading Company” or “Trading Companies”) and Galaxy Plus (as defined below) entities. Except as otherwise described in these notes, each Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity has one-year renewable contracts with its own independent commodity trading advisor (s), or each, a Trading Advisor, that will manage all or a portion of such Trading Company’s and Galaxy Plus entity’s assets and make the trading decisions for the assets of each Series invested in such Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity. Each Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity will segregate its assets from any other Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity;

 

  maintains separate, distinct records for each Series, and accounts for the assets of each Series separately from the other Series;

 

  calculates the Net Asset Value (“NAV”) of its Units for each Series separately from the other Series;

 

  has an investment objective of increasing the value of each Series’ Units over the long term (capital appreciation), while managing risk and volatility; further, to offer exposure to the investment programs of individual Trading Advisors and to specific instruments;

 

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  maintains each Series of Units in three to seven sub-classes—Class 1, Class 1AP, Class 1a, Class 2, Class 2a, Class 3, and Class 3a. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund are charged a service fee of up to two percent (2.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to two percent (2.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale; provided, however, that investors who redeem all or a portion of their Class 1 or Class 1a Units of any Series during the first twelve (12) months following the effective date of their purchase are subject to a redemption fee of up to two percent (2.0%) of the purchase price at which such investor redeemed to reimburse the Managing Owner for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid initial service fee. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Global Fund are charged a service fee of up to three percent (3.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to three percent (3.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale. With respect to Class 2 and Class 2a Units of any Series, the Managing Owner pays an ongoing service fee to selling agents of up to one half percent (0.5%) annually of the NAV of each Class 2 or Class 2a Unit (of which 0.25% will be charged to Limited Owners holding Class 2 Units of the Frontier Diversified Fund, and Frontier Masters Fund or Class 2a Units of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund sold until such Class 2 or Class 2a Units which are subject to the fee limitation are reclassified as Class 3 or Class 3a Units of the applicable Series. Class 1AP was created as a sub-class of Class 1 and it has been presented separately because the fees applicable to it are different from those applicable to Class 1. Currently the service fee is not charged to Class 1AP investors. The Managing Owner may also pay selling agents certain additional fees and expenses for administrative and other services rendered and expenses incurred by such selling agents; and

 

  all payments made to selling agents who are members of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) and their associated persons that constitute underwriting compensation will be subject to the limitations set forth in Rule 2310(b)(4)(B)(ii) (formerly Rule 2810(b)(4)(B)(ii)) of the Conduct Rules of FINRA (“Rule 2310”). An investor’s Class 1 Units or Class 2 Units of any Series, or Class 1a Units or Class 2a Units of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund or Frontier Balanced Fund will be classified as Class 3 or Class 3a Units of such Series, as applicable, when the Managing Owner determines that the fee limitation set forth in Rule 2310 with respect to such Units has been reached or will be reached. The service fee limit applicable to each unit sold is reached upon the earlier of when (i) the aggregate initial and ongoing service fees received by the selling agent with respect to such unit equals 9% of the purchase price of such unit or (ii) the aggregate underwriting compensation (determined in accordance with FINRA Rule 2310) paid in respect of such unit totals 10% of the purchase price of such unit. No service fees are paid with respect to Class 3 or Class 3a Units. Units of any Class in a Series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, on a daily basis, at the then current NAV per Unit for such Series on the day of the week after the date the Managing Owner is in receipt of a redemption request for at least one (1) business day to be received by the Managing Owner prior to 4:00 PM in New York.

 

The assets of any particular Series include only those funds and other assets that are paid to, held by or distributed to the Trust, with respect to the Series, on account of and for the benefit of that Series. Under the “Inter-Series Limitation on Liability” expressly provided for under Section 3804(a) of the Trust Act, separate and distinct records of the cash and equivalents, although pooled for maximizing returns, are maintained in the books and records of each Series.

 

As of September 30, 2020, the Trust, with respect to the Frontier Diversified Fund and Frontier Masters Fund, separates Units into three separate Classes—Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3. The Trust, with respect to the Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Global Fund and Frontier Heritage Fund, separates Units into a maximum of three separate Classes—Class 1, Class 2 and Class 1AP. The Trust, with respect to the Frontier Balanced Fund, separates Units into a maximum of five separate Classes—Class 1, Class 1AP, Class 2, Class 2A and Class 3A. The Trust, with respect to the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, separates Units into a maximum of five separate Classes— Class 1A, Class 2A, Class 2, Class 3A and Class 3. Between April 15, 2016 and May 10, 2017, a portion of the interests in Frontier Trading Company I, LLC and all of the interests in Frontier Trading Company VII, LLC, Frontier Trading Company XV, LLC, and Frontier Trading Company XXIII LLC held by Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Balanced Fund and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund were exchanged for equivalent interests in the Galaxy Plus Managed Account Platform (“Galaxy Plus”) which is an unaffiliated, third-party managed account platform. The assets of Frontier Trading Company I, LLC, which included exposure to Quantmetrics Capital Management LLP’s Multi-Strategy Program, Quantitative Investment Management, LLC’s Quantitative Global Program, Quest Partners LLC’s Quest Tracker Index Program, Chesapeake Capital Management, LLC’s Diversified Program, and Doherty Advisors LLC’s Relative Value Moderate Program, the assets of Frontier Trading Company VII, LLC, which included exposure to Emil van Essen LLC’s Multi-Strategy Program, Red Oak Commodity Advisors, Inc.’s Fundamental Diversified Program, Rosetta Capital Management, LLC’s Rosetta Trading Program, and Landmark Trading Company’s Landmark Program, the assets of Frontier Trading Company XV, LLC, which included exposure to Transtrend B.V.’s TT Enhanced Risk (USD) Program, and the assets of Frontier Trading Company XXIII, LLC which included exposure to Fort L.P.’s Global Contrarian Program have been transferred to individual Delaware limited liability companies (“Master Funds”) in Galaxy Plus. Each Master Fund is sponsored and operated by Gemini Alternative Funds, LLC (“Sponsor”). The Sponsor has contracted with the Trading Advisors to manage the portfolios of the Master Funds pursuant to the advisors’ respective program. For those Series that invest in Galaxy Plus entities, approximately 30-70% of those Series assets are used to support the margin requirements of the Master Funds. The remaining assets of the Series are split between investments in Trading Companies and a pooled cash management account that invests primarily in U.S. Treasury securities. For those Series that do not invest in Galaxy Plus entities, their assets are split between investments in Trading Companies and investments in the pooled cash management account.

 

24

 

 

Each of the Series has invested a portion of its assets in several different Trading Companies or Galaxy Plus entities and one or more Trading Advisors may manage the assets invested in such Trading Companies or Galaxy Plus entities.

 

The Trust has entered into agreements, which provide for the indemnification of futures clearing brokers, currency trading companies, and commodity trading advisers, among others, against losses, costs, claims and liabilities arising from the performance of their individual obligations under such agreements, except for gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct.

 

2.Significant Accounting Policies

 

The following are the significant accounting policies of the Series of the Trust.

 

Basis of Presentation—The Series of the Trust follow U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”), as established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”), to ensure consistent reporting of financial condition, condensed schedules of investments, results of operations, changes in capital and cash flows. The Trust is an investment company following accounting and reporting guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 946. 

 

Consolidation—The Series, through investing in the Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities, authorize certain Trading Advisors to place trades and manage assets at predetermined investment levels. The Trading Companies were organized by the Managing Owner for the purpose of investing in commodities interests and derivative instruments, and have no operating income or expenses, except for trading income and expenses and a risk analysis fee (for closed Series only), all of which is allocated to the Series if consolidated by a Series. Galaxy Plus is a series of Delaware limited liability companies, sponsored by Gemini Alternative Funds, LLC, that create exposure to a variety of third-party professional managed futures and foreign exchange advisors. Galaxy Plus is available to qualified high-net-worth individuals and institutional investors. Trading Companies in which a Series has a controlling and majority interest as calculated on that Series’ pro-rata net asset value in the Trading Company are consolidated by such Series. Investments in Trading Companies in which a Series does not have a controlling and majority interest and all interests in Galaxy Plus entities are accounted for using net asset value as the practical expedient, which approximates fair value. Fair value represents the proportionate share of the Series’ interest in the NAV in a Trading Company or Galaxy Plus entity. The equity interest held by Series of the Trust is shown as investments in unconsolidated Trading Companies or investments in private investment companies in the statements of financial condition. The income or loss attributable thereto in proportion of investment level is shown in the statements of operations as change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated Trading Companies or net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies.

 

Galaxy Plus entities are co-mingled investment vehicles. In addition to the Series, there are other non-affiliated investors in Galaxy Plus entities. Subscriptions and redemptions by these non-affiliated investors will have a direct impact on the Series’ ownership percentage in Galaxy Plus entities. It is expected that ownership percentage will fluctuate (sometimes significantly) on a week by week basis which could also result in frequent changes in the consolidating Series. Such fluctuations make consolidating the financial statements of the Galaxy Plus entities both impractical and misleading. Non-consolidation of these Galaxy Plus entities presents a more useful financial statement for the readers. As such, management has decided that presenting Galaxy Plus entities on a non-consolidated basis as investments in other investments companies (a “fund of funds” approach) is appropriate and preferable to the users of these financial statements. Refer to Note 5 for additional disclosures related to these private investment companies.

 

Change in Consolidation Method—In February 2017, the Trust elected to change its method by which it consolidates its investments in the Galaxy Plus entities and applied to its December 31, 2016 financial statements. Prior to the change, any Series that had a controlling interest in a Galaxy Plus entity would consolidate the assets and liabilities of that entity into its Statement of Financial Condition and the profit and loss into the Statement of Operations. The Managing Owner believes that this treatment does not provide meaningful data to the end user of the financial statements. As such, all investments in Galaxy Plus entities are accounted for using the net asset value as the practical expedient. In accordance with ASC 250 (Accounting Changes and Error Corrections), the comparative financial statements as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 have been adjusted to apply the new method retrospectively. This impacted management fees, incentive fees (rebate), net realized gain/(loss) on futures, forwards and options, net change in open trade equity/(deficit), net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies, net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies, and operations attributable to non-controlling interests on the Statement of Operations. We also note that there was no impact to total capital or net increase/(decrease) in capital resulting from operations attributable to controlling interests.

 

25

 

 

Use of Estimates—The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP may require the Managing Owner to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The valuation of swap contracts requires significant estimates as well as the valuation of certain other investments. Please refer to Note 3 for discussion of valuation methodology. Actual results could differ from these estimates, and such differences could be material.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents—Cash and cash equivalents include cash and overnight investments in interest-bearing demand deposits held at banks with original maturities of three months or less. This cash is not restricted.

 

Interest Income—U.S. Treasury Securities are pooled for purposes of maximizing returns on these assets to investors of all Series. Interest income from pooled cash management assets is recognized on the accrual basis and allocated daily to each Series based upon its daily proportion of ownership of the pool. Aggregate interest income from all sources, including U.S. Treasuries and assets held at a futures commission merchant (“FCM”), of up to two percentage points of the aggregate percentage yield (annualized) of net asset value less any fair market value related to swaps, is paid to the Managing Owner by the Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1, and Class 2 only), Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 2 and Class 3), Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Global Fund and Frontier Heritage Fund. For the Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 1a, Class 2a and Class 3a), Frontier Masters Fund and Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1AP, Class 2a and Class 3a), 100% of the interest is retained by the respective Series. All interest not paid to the Managing Owner is interest income to the relevant Series and shown net on the statement of operations. The amount reflected in the financial statements of the Series are disclosed on a net basis. Due to some classes not exceeding the 2% paid to the Managing Owner, amounts earned by those Series may be zero.

 

U.S. Treasury Securities—U.S. Treasury Securities are allocated to all Series of the Trust based on each Series’ percentage ownership in the pooled cash management assets as of the reporting date. They are reported at fair value as Level 1 inputs under ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”). The Series of the Trust valued U.S. Treasury Securities at fair value and recorded the daily change in value in the statements of operations as net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities. Accrued interest is reported on the statements of financial condition as interest receivable.

 

Receivable From Futures Commission Merchants—The Series of the Trust deposit assets with an FCM subject to CFTC regulations and various exchange and broker requirements. Margin requirements are satisfied by the deposit of cash with such FCM. The Trust, with respect to the Series, earns interest income on its assets deposited with the FCM. A portion of the receivable is restricted cash required to meet maintenance margin requirements. Cash with the clearing broker as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 included restricted cash for margin requirements of $2,313,859 and $2,890,330, respectively, for the Frontier Trading Company I LLC.

 

Investment Transactions—Futures, options on futures, forward and swap contracts are recorded on a trade date basis and realized gains or losses are recognized when contracts are settled. Unrealized gains or losses on open contracts (the difference between contract trade price and market price) are reported in the statements of financial condition as open trade equity (deficit) for futures and forwards as there exists a right of offset of unrealized gains or losses in accordance with ASC 210, Balance Sheet (“ASC 210”) and Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2013-01, Balance Sheet (Topic 210).

 

Any change in net unrealized gain or loss from the preceding period is reported in the statements of operations. Fair value of exchange-traded contracts is based upon exchange settlement prices. Fair value of non-exchange-traded contracts is based on third-party quoted dealer values on the interbank market. For U.S. Treasury securities, interest is recognized in the period earned and the instruments are marked-to-market daily based on third-party information. Transaction costs are recognized as incurred and reflected separately in the statements of operations.

 

Purchase and Sales of Private Investment Companies – The Series are able to subscribe into and redeem from the Galaxy Plus entities on a weekly basis. The value of the private investment companies is determined by the Sponsor and reported on a daily basis. The change in value is calculated as the difference between the total purchase proceeds and the fair value calculated by the Sponsor and is recorded as net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the statements of operations.

  

Foreign Currency Transactions—The Series’ functional currency is the U.S. dollar; however, they transact business in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The Series do not isolate that portion of the results of operations resulting from changes in foreign exchange rates on investments from fluctuations arising from changes in market prices of securities held. Such fluctuations are included with the net realized or unrealized gain or loss from investments.

  

Allocation of Earnings—Each Series of the Trust may maintain three to seven subclasses of Units—Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, Class 1a, Class 2a, Class 3a, and Class 1AP. All classes have identical voting, dividend, liquidation and other rights and the same terms and conditions, except that fees charged to a Class or Series differ as described below. Revenues, expenses (other than expenses attributable to a specific class), and realized and unrealized trading gains and losses of each Series are allocated daily to Class 1, Class 1a, Class 2, Class 2a, Class 3, Class 3a and Class 1AP Units based on each Class’ respective owners’ capital balances as applicable to the classes maintained by the Series.

 

Each Series allocates funds to an affiliated Trading Company, or Companies, of the Trust or unaffiliated Galaxy Plus entity. Each Trading Company allocates all of its daily trading gains or losses to the Series in proportion to each Series’ ownership trading level interest in the Trading Company, adjusted on a daily basis (except for Trading Advisors and other investments such as swaps that are directly allocated to a specific Series). Likewise, trading gains and losses earned and incurred by the Series through their investments in Galaxy Plus entities are allocated to those Series on a daily basis. The allocation of gains and losses in Galaxy Plus entities are based on each Series pro-rata shares of the trading level of that entity which is updated at the beginning of each month or more frequently if there is a subscription or redemption activity in the entity. The value of all open contracts and cash held at clearing brokers is similarly allocated to the Series in proportion to each Series’ funds allocated to the Trading Companies or Galaxy Plus entities.

 

26

 

 

Investments and Swaps—The Trust, with respect to the Series, records investment transactions on a trade date basis and at fair value, with changes in fair value reported as a component of realized and unrealized gains/(losses) on investments in the statements of operations. Investments in private investment companies are valued utilizing the net asset values as a practical expedient. Certain Series of the Trust strategically invest a portion or all of their assets in total return swaps, selected at the discretion of the Managing Owner. Swaps are privately negotiated contracts designed to provide investment returns linked to those produced by one or more underlying investment products or indices. In a typical swap, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on one or more particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount” (i.e., the amount of value of the underlying asset used in computing the particular interest rate, return, or other amount to be exchanged) in a particular investment, or in a “basket” of securities. The valuation of swap contracts requires significant estimates. Swap contracts are reported at fair value based upon daily reports from the counterparty. The Managing Owner reviews, compares and approves current day pricing of the commodity trading advisor (“CTA”) positions, as received from the counterparty which includes intra-day volatility and volume and daily index performance, that is used to determine a daily fair value NAV for the swap contracts.

 

Income Taxes—The Trust, with respect to the Series, applies the provisions of ASC 740 Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), which provides guidance for how uncertain tax positions should be recognized, measured, presented and disclosed in the financial statements. This interpretation also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods and disclosure. ASC 740 requires the evaluation of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing the Trust, with respect to the Series’, financial statements to determine whether the tax positions are “more-likely-than-not” of being sustained by the applicable tax authority. Tax positions with respect to tax at the Trust’s level not deemed to meet the “more-likely-than-not” threshold would be recorded as a tax benefit or expense in the current year. The Managing Owner has concluded there is no tax expense, interest or penalties to be recorded by the Trust, with respect to the Series, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

 

The 2016 through 2019 tax years generally remain subject to examination by U.S. federal and most state tax authorities.

 

In the opinion of the Managing Owner, (i) the Trust, with respect to the Series, is treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes and, assuming that at least 90% of the gross income of the Trust constitutes “qualifying income” within the meaning of Section 7704(d) of the Code, (ii) the Trust is not a publicly traded partnership treated as a corporation, and (iii) the discussion set forth in the Prospectus under the heading “U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences” correctly summarizes the material federal income tax consequences as of the date of the Prospectus to potential U.S. Limited Owners of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Units of the Trust.

 

Fees and Expenses—All management fees, incentive fees, service fees, risk analysis fees (for closed Series only) and trading fees of the Trust, with respect to the Series, are paid to the Managing Owner. It is the responsibility of the Managing Owner to pay all Trading Advisor management and incentive fees, selling agent service fees and all other operating expenses and continuing offering costs of the Trust, with respect to the Series. Only management fees and incentive fees related to assets allocated through Trading Companies are included in expense on the Statement of Operations. The Series are all charged management and incentive fees on the asset allocated through the Galaxy Plus entities. Those fees are included in unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the Statements of Operations. The Series are also charged management and incentive fees on assets allocated to swaps. Such fees are embedded in the fair value of the swap and are included in net unrealized gain (loss) on swap contracts on the Statements of Operations.

 

Incentive Fee (rebate)—The Managing Owner is allowed to share in the incentive fees earned by the commodity trading advisors up to 10% of new net profits. If the Managing Owner’s share of the incentive fee exceeds 10% of new net profits during the period for a particular series, then the Managing Owner is obligated to return any amount in excess to the Series. The returned amounts are recorded as Incentive Fee (Rebate) on the Statements of Operations.

 

27

 

 

Service Fees—The Trust may maintain each Series of Units in three to seven sub-classes—Class 1, Class 1AP, Class 1a, Class 2, Class 2a, Class 3, and Class 3a. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund are charged a service fee of up to two percent (2.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to two percent (2.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale; provided, however, that investors who redeem all or a portion of their Class 1 and Class 1a Units of any Series during the first twelve (12) months following the effective date of their purchase are subject to a redemption fee of up to two percent (2.0%) of the purchase price at which such investor redeemed to reimburse the Managing Owner for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid initial service fee. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Global Fund are charged a service fee of up to three percent (3.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to three percent (3.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale; provided, however, that investors who redeem all or a portion of their Class 1 and Class 1a Units of any Series during the first twelve (12) months following the effective date of their purchase are subject to a redemption fee of up to three percent (3.0%) of the purchase price at which such investor redeemed to reimburse the Managing Owner for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid initial service fee. With respect to Class 2 and Class 2a Units of any Series, the Managing Owner pays an ongoing service fee to selling agents of up to one half percent (0.5%) annually of the NAV of each Class 2 or Class 2a Unit (of which 0.25% will be charged to Limited Owners holding Class 2 Units of the Frontier Diversified Fund and Frontier Masters Fund or Class 2a Units of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund sold) until such Class 2 or Class 2a Units which are subject to the fee limitation are reclassified as Class 3 or Class 3a Units of the applicable Series for administrative purposes. Currently the service fee is not charged to Class 1AP investors. The Managing Owner may also pay selling agents certain additional fees and expenses for administrative and other services rendered and expenses incurred by such selling agents.

 

Each Series is charged service fees as outlined above. In some cases, amounts paid to selling agents might be less than the amount charged to the Series. When this occurs, the service fee is rebated back to the investor in the form of additional units. During 2017, 2018 and 2019, the Series were not allowed to issue additional units. The Managing Owner has determined that the purchase of additional units of the relevant Series will commence in 2020 at such time as the Series are allowed to sell shares again. As such, the Managing Owner has calculated the amounts for additional units of the relevant series which will be purchased and classified such amounts as Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates of $22,650, $409, $31,725, $341,603, $19,010, $153,743 and $61,853 for the Frontier Diversified, Long/Short Commodity, Masters, Balanced, Select, Global and Heritage Funds, respectively, as of September 30, 2020.

 

These service fees are part of the offering costs of the Trust, with respect to the Series, which include registration and filing fees, legal and blue-sky expenses, accounting and audit, printing, marketing support and other offering costs which are borne by the Managing Owner. With respect to the service fees, the initial service fee (for the first 12 months) relating to a purchase of Class 1 and Class 1a Units by an investor is prepaid by the Managing Owner to the relevant selling agent in the month following such purchase and is reimbursed for such payment by the Series monthly in arrears in an amount based upon a corresponding percentage of NAV, calculated daily. Consequently, the Managing Owner bears the risk of the downside and enjoys the benefit of the upside potential of any difference between the amount of the initial service fee prepaid by it and the amount of the reimbursement thereof, which may result from variations in NAV over the following 12 months.

 

Pending Owner Additions—Funds received for new subscriptions and for additions to existing owner interests are recorded as capital additions at the NAV per unit of the second business day following receipt.

 

Owner redemptions payable—Funds payable for existing owner redemption requests are recorded as capital subtractions at the NAV per unit on the second business day following receipt or request.

 

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements—In August 2018, FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”). The primary focus of ASU 2018-13 is to improve the effectiveness of the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The changes affect all companies that are required to include fair value measurement disclosures. In general, the amendments in ASU 2018-13 are effective for all entities for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. An entity is permitted to early adopt the removed or modified disclosures upon the issuance of ASU 2018-13 and may delay adoption of the additional disclosures, which are required for public companies only, until their effective date. Management is currently evaluating the impacts ASU 2018-13 will have on the financial statements.

 

Subsequent Events—The Series follow the provisions of ASC 855, Subsequent Events, which establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date and up through the date the financial statements are issued. Refer to Note 11.

 

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3.Fair Value Measurements

 

In connection with the valuation of investments the Series apply ASC 820. ASC 820 provides clarification that when a quoted price in an active market for the identical asset or liability is not available, a reporting entity is required to measure fair value using certain techniques. ASC 820 also clarifies that when estimating the fair value of an asset or liability, a reporting entity is not required to include a separate input or adjustment to other inputs relating to the existence of a restriction that prevents the transfer of an asset or liability. ASC 820 also clarifies that both a quoted price in an active market for the identical asset or liability at the measurement date and the quoted price for the identical asset or liability when traded as an asset in an active market when no adjustments to the quoted price of the asset are required are Level 1 fair value measurements.

 

Level 1 Inputs

 

Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical financial assets that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.

 

Level 2 Inputs

 

Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the financial assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly. These might include quoted prices for similar financial assets in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar financial assets in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the financial assets or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by market data by correlation or other means.

 

Level 3 Inputs

 

Unobservable inputs for determining the fair value of financial assets that reflect an entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the financial asset.

 

The Trust, with respect to the Series, uses the following methodologies to value instruments within its financial asset portfolio at fair value:

 

Trading Securities. These instruments include U.S. Treasury securities and open trade equity positions (futures contracts) that are actively traded on public markets with quoted pricing for corroboration. U.S. Treasury securities and futures contracts are reported at fair value using Level 1 inputs. Trading securities instruments further include open trade equity positions (trading options and currency forwards) that are quoted prices for identical or similar assets that are not traded on active markets. Trading options and currency forwards are reported at fair value using Level 2 inputs.

 

Swap Contracts. Certain Series of the Trust strategically invest a portion or all of their assets in total return swaps, selected at the direction of the Managing Owner. Swaps are privately negotiated contracts designed to provide investment returns linked to those produced by one or more investment products or indices. In a typical swap, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on one or more particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount” (i.e., the amount of value of the underlying asset used in computing the particular interest rate, return, or other amount to be exchanged) in a particular investment, or in a “basket” of securities.

 

Swap contracts are reported at fair value.  Valuation reports are generated and disseminated daily from the swap counterparty to the third-party administrator.  The fair value is applied by the third-party administrator to calculate the daily performance.  The Managing Owner reviews the third-party administrator’s performance reports and any noticeable exceptions are investigated.  Unexplained exceptions are escalated to the Managing Owner’s Valuation Committee for further evaluation and resolution.  Swap contracts are reported at fair value using Level 3 inputs.

 

Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies. This investment represents the fair value of the allocation of cash, futures, forwards, options and swaps to each respective Series relative to its trading allocations from unconsolidated Trading Companies. A Series may redeem its investment in any of the Trading Companies on a daily basis at the Trading Company’s stated net asset value. Each of the Series, all of which are under the same management as the Trading Companies, has access to the underlying positions of the Trading Companies, and as such, the level determination is reflected on that look-through basis. Any redemption of an investment in a Trading Company classified as Level 3 will reflect that classification of the underlying investment owned by the Trading Company. As such, the Series report investments in unconsolidated Trading Companies at fair value using the corresponding inputs of the underlying securities of the Trading Companies which results in the Series reporting the corresponding level determination from the inputs of the Trading Company.

 

Investments in Private Investment Companies. Investments in private investment companies are valued utilizing the net asset values provided by the underlying private investment companies as a practical expedient. Each Series applies the practical expedient to its investments in private investment companies on an investment-by-investment basis, and consistently with the Series’ entire position in a particular investment, unless it is probable that the Series will sell a portion of an investment at an amount different from the net asset value of the investment. Investments in private investment companies are excluded from the leveling table below.

 

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The following table summarizes investment in each Series measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 segregated by the level of valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value.

 

September 30, 2020  Level 1
Inputs
   Level 2
Inputs
   Level 3
Inputs
   Total
Fair Value
 
                 
Frontier Diversified Fund                
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies  $14,532   $         -   $-   $14,532 
Swap Contracts   -    -    4,553,855    4,553,855 
U.S. Treasury Securities   19,838    -    -    19,838 
Frontier Masters Fund                    
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   10,133    -    -    10,133 
U.S. Treasury Securities   13,832    -    -    13,832 
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund                    
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   14,637    -    -    14,637 
Swap Contracts   -    -    578,274    578,274 
U.S. Treasury Securities   19,981    -    -    19,981 
Frontier Balanced Fund                    
Open Trade Equity (Deficit)   (59,775)   -    -    (59,775)
Swap Contracts   -    -    7,319,420    7,319,420 
Frontier Select Fund        -           
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   4,856    -    -    4,856 
U.S. Treasury Securities   6,629    -    -    6,629 
Frontier Global Fund        -           
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   13,279    -    -    13,279 
U.S. Treasury Securities   18,127    -    -    18,127 
Frontier Heritage Fund                    
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   19,916    -    -    19,916 
U.S. Treasury Securities   27,187    -    -    27,187 

 

December 31, 2019  Level 1
Inputs
   Level 2
Inputs
   Level 3
Inputs
   Total
Fair Value
 
                 
Frontier Diversified Fund                
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies  $24,150   $-   $-   $24,150 
Swap Contracts   -    -    6,384,583    6,384,583 
U.S. Treasury Securities   99,605    -    -    99,605 
Frontier Masters Fund                    
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   11,005    -    -    11,005 
U.S. Treasury Securities   45,391    -    -    45,391 
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund                    
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   14,711    -    -    14,711 
Swap Contracts   -    -    362,521    362,521 
U.S. Treasury Securities   60,673    -    -    60,673 
Frontier Balanced Fund                    
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   50,867    -    -    50,867 
Open Trade Equity (Deficit)   57,057    59,127    -    116,184 
Swap Contracts   -    -    11,944,753    11,944,753 
U.S. Treasury Securities   209,799    -    -    209,799 
Frontier Select Fund                    
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   26,331    -    479,024    505,355 
U.S. Treasury Securities   108,603    -    -    108,603 
Frontier Global Fund                    
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   11,818    -    -    11,818 
U.S. Treasury Securities   48,741    -    -    48,741 
Frontier Heritage Fund                    
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   18,891    -    -    18,891 
Swap Contracts   -    -    2,888,008    2,888,008 
U.S. Treasury Securities   77,916    -    -    77,916 

  

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The changes in Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized in the following tables. Swap contract asset gains and losses included in earnings are classified in “realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments – net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts” on the statements of operations. Investment in unconsolidated trading company asset gains and losses (realized/unrealized) included in earnings are classified in “Change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated trading companies.” During the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and the year ended December 31, 2019, all identified Level 3 assets were components of the Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund and Frontier Select Fund.

 

For the Nine Months Ending September 30, 2020

 

Swaps

 

   Frontier Balanced Fund   Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of January 1, 2020  $11,944,753   $362,521 
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):          
Included in earnings-realized   -    - 
Included in earnings-unrealized   (5,804,030)   215,753 
Proceeds from collateral reduction   -    - 
Purchase (Sale) of investments   1,178,697    - 
Change in ownership allocation   -    - 
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3   -    - 
           
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of September 30, 2020  $7,319,420   $578,274 

 

   Frontier Diversified Fund   Frontier Heritage Fund 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of January 1, 2020  $6,384,583   $2,888,009 
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):          
Included in earnings-realized   -    (97,745)
Included in earnings-unrealized   (2,099,874)   197,829 
Proceeds from collateral reduction   -    (2,474,937)
Purchase (Sale) of investments   269,146    (513,156)
Change in ownership allocation   -    - 
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3   -    - 
           
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of September 30, 2020  $4,553,855   $0 

 

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For the Nine Months Ending September 30, 2020

 

Investments in Unconsolidated Trading Companies:

 

   Frontier
Select
Fund
 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of January 1, 2020  $479,024 
Change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated trading companies   95,914 
Proceeds from sales of investments of unconsolidated trading companies   (574,938)
Purchases of investments of unconsolidated trading companies   - 
Change in ownership allocation   - 
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3   - 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of September 30, 2020  $0 

 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2019

 

Swaps

 

   Frontier
Balanced
Fund
   Frontier
Long/Short
Commodity
Fund
 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of January 1, 2019  $10,794,908   $479,102 
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):          
Included in earnings-realized   -    - 
Included in earnings-unrealized   1,149,845    (116,581)
Proceeds from collateral reduction   -    - 
Change in ownership allocation   -    - 
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3   -    - 
           
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of December 31, 2019  $11,944,753   $362,521 

 

   Frontier
Diversified
Fund
   Frontier
Heritage
Fund
 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of January 1, 2019  $5,920,414   $2,955,444 
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):          
Included in earnings-realized   -    - 
Included in earnings-unrealized   464,169    (67,435)
Proceeds from collateral reduction   -    - 
Change in ownership allocation   -    - 
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3   -    - 
           
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of December 31, 2019  $6,384,583   $2,888,009 

  

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For the Year Ended December 31, 2019

 

Investments in Unconsolidated Trading Companies

 

   Frontier
Select
Fund
 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of January 1, 2019  $511,718 
Change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated trading companies   (32,694)
Purchases of investments of unconsolidated trading companies   - 
Change in ownership allocation   - 
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3   - 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of December 31, 2019  $479,024 

 

The Series of the Trust assess the levels of the investments at each measurement date, and transfers between levels are recognized on the actual date of the event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer in accordance with the Series’ accounting policy regarding the recognition of transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy. During the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Trust did not transfer any assets between Levels 1, 2 or 3.

 

The amounts reflected in the change in ownership allocation result from changes in ownership in the underlying Trading Companies at the Series level, which have resulted in changes in consolidation or de-consolidation by the Series. The ownership in the Trading Companies is accounted for under the equity method, which approximates fair value. The Frontier Heritage Fund and the Frontier Select Fund jointly own the Frontier Brevan Howard swap. The Frontier Heritage Fund owned the majority interest in the Frontier Brevan Howard swap. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the entire investment in the Frontier Brevan Howard swap was sold.

 

The total change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in the statements of operations attributable to level 3 investments still held at September 30, 2020.

 

   Frontier
Diversified
Fund
   Frontier
Long/Short
Commodity
Fund
   Frontier
Balanced
Fund
   Frontier
Heritage
Fund
 
Swap Contracts  $(2,099,874)  $215,753   $(5,804,030)  $197,829 

 

   Frontier
Select
Fund
 
Investments in Unconsolidated Trading Companies  $95,914 

 

The total change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in the statements of operations attributable to level 3 investments still held at December 31, 2019.

 

   Frontier
Diversified
Fund
   Frontier
Long/Short
Commodity
Fund
   Frontier
Balanced
Fund
   Frontier
Heritage
Fund
 
Swap Contracts  $464,169   $(116,581)  $1,149,845   $(67,436)

 

   Frontier
Select
Fund
 
Investments in Unconsolidated Trading Companies  $(32,694)

 

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4.Swap Contracts

 

In addition to authorizing Trading Advisors to manage predetermined investment levels of futures, option on futures and forward contracts, certain Series of the Trust will strategically invest a portion or all of their assets in total return swaps, selected at the direction of the Managing Owner. Total return swaps are privately negotiated contracts designed to provide investment returns linked to those produced by one or more investment products or indices. In a typical total return swap, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on one or more particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount” (i.e., the amount or value of the underlying asset used in computing the particular interest rate, return, or other amount to be exchanged) in a particular investment, or in a “basket” of securities.

 

Each Series’ investment in swaps will likely differ substantially over time due to cash flows, portfolio management decisions and market movements. The swaps serve to diversify the investment holdings of each Series and to provide access to programs and advisors that would not be otherwise available to such Series, and are not used for hedging purposes.

 

The Managing Owner follows a procedure in selecting well-established financial institutions which the Managing Owner, in its sole discretion, considers to be reputable, reliable, financially responsible and well established to act as swap counterparties. The procedure includes due diligence review of documentation on all new and existing financial institution counterparties prior to initiation of the relationship, and quarterly ongoing review during the relationship, to ensure that counterparties meet the Managing Owner’s minimum credit requirements, the counterparty average rating being no less than an investment grade rating as defined by the rating agencies. As of September 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019, approximately 6.39% and 2.40% respectively, of the Trust’s assets were deposited with over-the-counter counterparties in order to initiate and maintain swaps and is recorded as collateral within the swap fair value within the Statements of Financial Condition. The cash held with the counterparty is not restricted.

 

The Series may strategically invest assets in one or more swaps linked to certain underlying investments or indices at the direction of the Managing Owner. The Trading Company in which the assets of these Series will be invested will not own any of the investments or indices referenced by any swap entered into by these Series. In addition, neither the swap counterparty to the Trading Company of these Series nor any advisor referenced by any such swap is a Trading Advisor to these Series.

 

To help to reduce counterparty risk on the Series, the Managing Owner has the right to reduce a Series’ exposure and remove cash from the Series’ total return swaps with Deutsche Bank AG. The Series are charged interest on cash holdings and any amount removed will be offset against the final settlement value of the swap. As of September 30, 2020, the Frontier Balanced Fund, the Frontier Diversified Fund and the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, had $6,176,555, $4,000,000, and $115,000, respectively, in cash holdings as shown in the Series’ Statements of Financial Conditions under advance on unrealized swap appreciation, which relates to the Trading Companies’ total return swaps with Deutsche Bank AG.

 

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The Series have invested in the following swaps as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2020:

 

   Frontier
Balanced
Fund
   Frontier
Diversified
Fund
   Frontier
Long/Short
Commodity
Fund
 
   Total Return
Swap
   Total Return
Swap
   Total Return
Swap
 
Counterparty  Deutsche Bank
AG
   Deutsche Bank
AG
   Deutsche Bank
AG
 
Notional Amount  $7,420,403   $1,761,834   $653,610 
Termination Date     7/31/2023      7/31/2023      7/31/2023 
Cash Collateral  $1,264,696   $355,147   $29,950 
Swap Value  $6,054,724   $4,198,708   $548,324 
Investee Returns   Total Returns    Total Returns    Total Returns 
Realized Gain/(Loss)  $0   $0   $0 
Change in Unrealized Gain/(Loss)  $(5,804,030)  $(2,099,874)  $215,753 
Fair Value as of September 30, 2020  $7,319,420   $4,553,855   $578,274 
Advance on swap appreciation  $(6,176,555)  $(4,000,000)  $(115,000)

 

The Series have invested in the following swaps as of and for the year ended December 31, 2019:

 

   Frontier
Balanced
Fund
   Frontier
Diversified
Fund
   Frontier
Long/Short
Commodity
Fund
   Frontier
Heritage
Fund
 
   Total Return
Swap
   Total Return
Swap
   Total Return
Swap
   Total Return
Swap
 
Counterparty  Deutsche Bank
AG
   Deutsche Bank
AG
   Deutsche Bank
AG
   Deutsche Bank
AG
 
Notional Amount  $7,420,403   $1,761,834   $653,610   $2,072,056 
Termination Date   7/31/2023    7/31/2023    7/31/2023    3/27/2023 
Cash Collateral  $86,000   $86,000   $29,950   $975,450 
Swap Value  $11,858,754   $6,298,583   $332,571   $1,912,559 
Investee Returns   Total Returns    Total Returns    Total Returns    Total Returns 
Realized Gain/(Loss)  $0   $0   $0   $0 
Change in Unrealized Gain/(Loss)  $1,149,846   $464,169   $(116,581)  $(67,435)
Fair Value as of December 31, 2019  $11,944,754   $6,384,583   $362,521   $2,888,009 
Advance on swap appreciation  $(6,176,555)  $(4,000,000)  $(115,000)  $(1,900,000)

 

35

 

 

5. Investments in Unconsolidated Trading Companies and Private Investment Companies

 

Investments in unconsolidated Trading Companies and private investment companies represent cash and open trade equity invested in the Trading Companies and private investment companies and cumulative trading profits or losses allocated to each Series by the Trading Companies and private investment companies. Trading Companies and private investment companies allocate trading profits or losses on the basis of the proportion of each Series’ capital allocated for trading to each respective Trading Company, which bears no relationship to the amount of cash invested by a Series in the Trading Company and private investment companies. The Trading Companies are valued using the equity method of accounting, which approximates fair value. Investments in private investment companies are valued using the NAV provided by the underlying private investment.

 

The following table summarizes each of the Series’ investments in unconsolidated Trading Companies as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

 

   As of September 30, 2020   As of December 31, 2019 
   Percentage of       Percentage of     
   Series Total       Series Total     
   Capital Invested in       Capital Invested in     
Series  Unconsolidated
Trading
Companies
   Fair Value   Unconsolidated
Trading
Companies
   Fair Value 
                 
Frontier Diversified Series —                    
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII   0.28%  $14,532    0.20%  $24,150 
                     
Frontier Masters Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII   0.80%  $10,133    0.49%  $11,005 
                     
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII   1.16%  $14,637    1.10%  $14,711 
                     
Frontier Balanced Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII   0.00%  $-    0.23%  $50,867 
                     
Frontier Select Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Companies XXXVIII and XXXIX*   0.32%  $4,856    17.94%  $505,355 
                     
Frontier Global Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII   0.44%  $13,279    0.25%  $11,818 
                     
Frontier Heritage Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII   0.92%  $19,916    0.57%  $18,891 

 

*

The investment in Frontier Trading Company XXXIX was sold as of June 30, 2020.

 

The Galaxy Plus structure is made up of feeder funds in which the Series invest and master trading entities into which the feeder funds invest. No investment held by a Galaxy Plus master trading entity is greater than 5% of the Series’ total capital.

 

36

 

 

The following tables summarize each of the Series’ equity in earnings from unconsolidated Trading Companies and private investment companies for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

 

Three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

  

   Three Months Ended September, 2020   Three Months Ended September, 2019 
   Trading   Realized   Change in Unrealized   Net Income   Trading   Realized   Change in Unrealized   Net Income 
   Commissions   Gain/(Loss)   Gain/(Loss)   (Loss)   Commissions   Gain/(Loss)   Gain/(Loss)   (Loss) 
                                 
Frontier Balanced Fund                                
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $- 
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    371    371    -    -    52,720    52,720 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (1,694)   (175,943)   (21,260)   (198,897)   (10,590)   640,212    (345,285)   284,337 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   -    -    105    105    (3,924)   (8,300)   50,362    38,138 
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   -    -    (5,782)   (5,782)   (34,168)   2,197,458    (2,736,881)   (573,591)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   (4,862)   (3,470)   (33,133)   (41,465)   (18,141)   489,021    (189,474)   281,406 
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   -    -    (21,170)   (21,170)   -    -    49,989    49,989 
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   (709)   (231,484)   107,025    (125,168)   (25,825)   (82,440)   (70,768)   (179,033)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   -    -    -    -    -    -    (3,220)   (3,220)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   (3,539)   (27,771)   22,238    (9,072)   (5,556)   49,061    (81,389)   (37,884)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (10,562)   101,830    (36,659)   54,609    (16,734)   624,290    (260,857)   346,699 
Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC)   (1,279)   (396,950)   (62,845)   (461,074)   -    -    -    - 
                                       - 
Total  $(22,645)  $(733,788)  $(51,110)  $(807,543)  $(114,938)  $3,909,302   $(3,534,803)  $259,561 
                                         
Frontier Global Fund                                        
Frontier Trading Company II LLC  $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $- 
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (2,540)   (2,540)   -    -    (1,261)   (1,261)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (3,236)   (317,392)   (114,867)   (435,495)   (121,925)   1,258,329    (679,244)   457,160 
                                         
Total  $(3,236)  $(317,392)  $(117,407)  $(438,035)  $(121,925)  $1,258,329   $(680,505)  $455,899 
                                         
Frontier Select Fund                                        
Frontier Trading Company XXXIX, LLC  $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $861   $861 
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (1,518)   (1,518)   -    -    (1,956)   (1,956)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   -    -    (587)   (587)   -    -    -    - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (3,352)   33,407    (19,556)   10,499    (21,113)   271,422    (171,309)   79,000 
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   -    -    (2,763)   (2,763)   (15,229)   163,325    (80,638)   67,458 
Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC)   -    -    (205,413)   (205,413)   -    -    -    - 
                                         
Total  $(3,352)  $33,407   $(229,837)  $(199,782)  $(36,342)  $434,747   $(253,042)  $145,363 
                                         
Frontier Heritage Fund                                        
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $- 
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    1,742    1,742    -    -    (1,353)   (1,353)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (1,524)   (149,796)   275,381    124,061    (31,111)   249,999    (134,889)   83,999 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (3,338)   34,047    (22,669)   8,040    (19,282)   210,449    (108,204)   82,963 
                                       - 
Total  $(4,862)  $(115,749)  $254,454   $133,843   $(50,393)  $460,448   $(244,446)  $165,609 
                                         
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund                                        
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC  $-   $-   $(2,028)  $(2,028)  $-   $-   $(530)  $(530)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Chesapeake Feeder Fund (518) LLC   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   -    -    (882)   (882)   (13,946)   470,976    (588,738)   (131,708)
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   (306)   40,222    (55,994)   (16,078)   -    -    (40,791)   (40,791)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (1,198)   12,151    (9,162)   1,791    (9,973)   84,971    (38,123)   36,875 
Total  $(1,504)  $52,373   $(68,066)  $(17,197)  $(23,919)  $555,947   $(668,182)  $(136,154)
                                         
Frontier Diversified Fund                                        
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $- 
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (426)   (426)   -    -    (1,299)   (1,299)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (1,068)   (107,528)   (19,659)   (128,255)   (11,523)   380,182    (214,655)   154,004 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   -    -    182    182    (4,242)   (5,567)   33,921    24,112 
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   -    -    (3,544)   (3,544)   (25,787)   1,535,085    (1,923,484)   (414,186)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   (2,034)   (1,729)   (18,808)   (22,571)   (18,205)   359,073    (146,762)   194,106 
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   -    -    (9,084)   (9,084)   -    -    21,004    21,004 
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   (271)   (4,480)   (47,525)   (52,276)   (18,552)   (47,540)   (43,774)   (109,866)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   (2,406)   (18,673)   13,323    (7,756)   (6,204)   46,394    (71,948)   (31,758)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (3,320)   40,922    (22,756)   14,846    (13,631)   396,481    (197,360)   185,490 
Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC)   (639)   (198,372)   (32,551)   (231,562)   -    -    -    - 
                                         
Total  $(9,738)  $(289,860)  $(140,848)  $(440,446)  $(98,144)  $2,664,108   $(2,544,357)  $21,607 
                                         
Frontier Masters Fund                                        
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $- 
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (1,279)   (1,279)   -    -    (1,813)   (1,813)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Chesapeake Feeder Fund (518) LLC   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (608)   (62,539)   (9,877)   (73,024)   (21,521)   218,469    (117,862)   79,086 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   -    -    (147)   (147)   -    -         - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   -    -    (1,242)   (1,242)   (16,746)   734,894    (911,225)   (193,077)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (1,164)   13,859    (11,510)   1,185    (6,607)   98,467    (58,877)   32,983 
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   -    -    (1,002)   (1,002)   (11,578)   153,702    (78,716)   63,408 
Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC)   (365)   (113,226)   (22,157)   (135,748)   -    -    -    - 
                                         
Total  $(2,137)  $(161,906)  $(47,214)  $(211,257)  $(56,452)  $1,205,532   $(1,168,493)  $(19,413)

  

37

 

 

Nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

   

   Nine Months Ended September, 2020   Nine Months Ended September, 2019 
   Trading   Realized   Change in Unrealized   Net Income   Trading   Realized   Change in Unrealized   Net Income 
   Commissions   Gain/(Loss)   Gain/(Loss)   (Loss)   Commissions   Gain/(Loss)   Gain/(Loss)   (Loss) 
                                 
Frontier Balanced Fund                                
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $(138,899)  $(138,899)
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (9,094)   (9,094)   -    -    51,988    51,988 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (6,794)   (163,459)   (16,563)   (186,816)   (32,960)   1,276,134    (143,617)   1,099,557 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   (2,152)   (55,735)   25,629    (32,258)   (21,819)   37,771    (28,451)   (12,499)
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (6,408)   (718,397)   75,749    (649,056)   (207,730)   1,181,067    (2,772,516)   (1,799,179)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   (20,836)   (327,914)   156,749    (192,001)   (36,877)   1,781,745    (263,870)   1,480,998 
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   (502)   (232,245)   (42,835)   (275,582)   -    -    336,666    336,666 
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   (9,264)   (899,303)   157,923    (750,644)   (75,800)   (1,019,048)   114,320    (980,528)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   -    -    -    -    (25,311)   24,230    (124,478)   (125,559)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   (5,240)   28,824    (6,624)   16,960    (12,342)   94,895    (60,935)   21,618 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (23,203)   698,761    (196,095)   479,463    (62,382)   1,610,738    (656,986)   891,370 
Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC)   (1,279)   (396,950)   (62,845)   (461,074)   -    -    -    - 
                                       - 
Total  $(75,678)  $(2,066,418)  $81,994   $(2,060,102)  $(475,221)  $4,987,532   $(3,686,778)  $825,533 
                                         
Frontier Global Fund                                        
Frontier Trading Company II LLC  $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $(337,431)  $(337,431)
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (2,994)   (2,994)   -    -    (15,835)   (15,835)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (11,634)   (316,235)   (194,046)   (521,915)   (275,586)   2,465,012    (544,481)   1,644,945 
                                         
Total  $(11,634)  $(316,235)  $(197,040)  $(524,909)  $(275,586)  $2,465,012   $(897,747)  $1,291,679 
                                         
Frontier Select Fund                                        
Frontier Trading Company XXXIX, LLC  $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $40,244   $40,244 
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (8,190)   (8,190)   -    -    (3,628)   (3,628)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   -    -    (2,203)   (2,203)   -    -    -    - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (7,477)   228,470    (72,058)   148,935    (55,024)   494,161    (218,377)   220,760 
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   (5,392)   (237,723)   (35,753)   (278,868)   (59,657)   423,016    (153,951)   209,408 
Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC)   -    -    (205,413)   (205,413)   -    -    -    - 
                        -                
Total  $(12,869)  $(9,253)  $(323,617)  $(345,739)  $(114,681)  $917,177   $(335,712)  $466,784 
                                         
Frontier Heritage Fund                                        
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $(59,538)  $(59,538)
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (1,582)   (1,582)   -    -    (5,732)   (5,732)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (4,298)   (151,155)   238,686    83,233    (72,845)   495,954    (67,669)   355,440 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (7,216)   215,524    (85,350)   122,958    (68,969)   494,538    (171,703)   253,866 
                   -                     
Total  $(11,514)  $64,369   $151,754   $204,609   $(141,814)  $990,492   $(304,642)  $544,036 
                                         
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund                                        
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC  $-   $-   $(5,104)  $(5,104)  $-   $-   $(1,559)  $(1,559)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Chesapeake Feeder Fund (518) LLC   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (938)   (103,100)   7,770    (96,268)   (51,774)   91,669    (359,162)   (319,267)
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   (978)   (76,740)   (71,464)   (149,182)   -         102,078    102,078 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (2,824)   88,947    (28,627)   57,496    (33,999)   210,457    (82,652)   93,806 
                                         
Total  $(4,740)  $(90,893)  $(97,425)  $(193,058)  $(85,773)  $302,126   $(341,295)  $(124,942)
                                         
Frontier Diversified Fund                                        
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $(76,616)  $(76,616)
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    2,597    2,597    -    -    (10,295)   (10,295)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (4,438)   (76,179)   (9,500)   (90,117)   (31,082)   759,977    (110,678)   618,217 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   (1,348)   (39,612)   17,858    (23,102)   (18,315)   22,480    (15,067)   (10,902)
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (4,119)   (463,144)   50,394    (416,869)   (134,743)   622,921    (1,655,383)   (1,167,205)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   (13,164)   (203,387)   60,454    (156,097)   (39,203)   1,170,183    (204,327)   926,653 
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   (309)   (144,282)   (21,773)   (166,364)   -    -    165,797    165,797 
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   (4,112)   (248,715)   (1,085)   (253,912)   (53,774)   (620,976)   70,231    (604,519)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   -    -    -    -    (13,254)   10,639    (7,477)   (10,092)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   (3,920)   35,081    (6,574)   24,587    (14,152)   91,712    (51,421)   26,139 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (10,591)   416,995    (40,991)   365,413    (47,633)   1,000,463    (394,168)   558,662 
Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC)   (639)   (198,372)   (32,551)   (231,562)   -    -    -    - 
                                         
Total  $(42,640)  $(921,615)  $18,829   $(945,426)  $(352,156)  $3,057,399   $(2,289,404)  $415,839 
                                         
Frontier Masters Fund                                        
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $-   $(65,952)  $(65,952)
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (3,554)   (3,554)   -    -    (3,371)   (3,371)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Chesapeake Feeder Fund (518) LLC   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (2,657)   (64,127)   (37,949)   (104,733)   (53,384)   450,235    (48,097)   348,754 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   -    -    (59)   (59)   -    -    -    - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (1,540)   (190,409)   30,438    (161,511)   (98,334)   571,048    (1,099,905)   (627,191)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (3,172)   109,775    (20,607)   85,996    (24,523)   175,753    (10,967)   140,263 
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   (1,851)   (84,259)   (11,424)   (97,534)   (50,514)   368,511    (161,851)   156,146 
Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC)   (365)   (113,226)   (22,157)   (135,748)   -    -    -    - 
                                         
Total  $(9,585)  $(342,246)  $(65,312)  $(417,143)  $(226,755)  $1,565,547   $(1,390,143)  $(51,351)

 

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The Series’ investments in private investment companies have certain redemption and liquidity restrictions which are described in the following table:

 

    Redemptions   Redemptions   Liquidity
    Notice Period   Permitted   Restrictions
             
Frontier Diversified Fund            
Multi-Strategy            
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   24 hours   Daily   None
Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC)   24 hours   Daily   None
Trend Following            
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   24 hours   Daily   None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   24 hours   Daily   None
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   24 hours   Daily   None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   24 hours   Daily   None
             
Frontier Masters Fund            
Trend Following            
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   24 hours   Weekly   None
Multi-Strategy            
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   24 hours   Daily   None
Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC)   24 hours   Daily   None
             
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund            
Multi-Strategy            
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   24 hours   Daily   None
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   24 hours   Daily   None
             
Frontier Balanced Fund            
Multi-Strategy            
Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC)   24 hours   Daily   None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   24 hours   Daily   None
Trend Following            
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   24 hours   Daily   None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   24 hours   Daily   None
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   24 hours   Daily   None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   24 hours   Daily   None
             
Frontier Select Fund            
Multi-Strategy            
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   24 hours   Daily   None
Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC)   24 hours   Daily   None
             
Frontier Global Fund            
Trend Following            
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   24 hours   Daily   None
             
Frontier Heritage Fund            
Multi-Strategy            
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   24 hours   Daily   None
Trend Following            
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   24 hours   Daily   None

  

Effective July 20, 2020, Doherty Advisors, LLC accessed through Galaxy Plus Fund – Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC ceased to act as a commodity trading advisor to the Trust.

 

Effective August 1, 2020, John Locke Investments SA accessed through Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC became a new commodity trading advisor for Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Select Fund and Frontier Masters Fund.

 

39

 

 

6.Transactions with Affiliates

 

The Managing Owner contributes funds to the Trust, with respect to the Series, in order to have a 1% interest (“Minimum Purchase Commitment”) in the aggregate capital, profits and losses of all Series and in return will receive units designated as general units in the Series in which the Managing Owner invests such funds. The general units may only be purchased by the Managing Owner and may be subject to no management fees or management fees at reduced rates. Otherwise, the general units hold the same rights as the limited units. The Managing Owner will make contributions to the Series of the Trust necessary to maintain at least a 1% interest in the aggregate capital, profits and losses of the combined Series of the Trust. Such contribution was made by the Managing Owner before trading commenced for the Trust and will be maintained throughout the existence of the Trust, and the Managing Owner will make such purchases as are necessary to effect this requirement. Additionally, the Managing Owner agreed with certain regulatory bodies to maintain a 1% interest specifically in the Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1AP and 2a Units, aggregated, and each of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, Frontier Diversified Fund and Frontier Masters Fund. The 1% interest in these specific Series is included in computing the Minimum Purchase Commitment in aggregate capital. In addition to the general units the Managing Owner receives in respect of its Minimum Purchase Commitment, the Managing Owner may purchase limited units in any Series as a Limited Owner. Principals of the Managing Owner or affiliates are allowed to own beneficial interests in the Trust, with respect to the Series, as well. All Units purchased by the Managing Owner are held for investment purposes only and not for resale. The Managing Owner may make purchases or redemptions at any time on the same terms as any Limited Owner. The Trust has and will continue to have certain relationships with the Managing Owner and its affiliates.

 

Expenses

 

Management Fees—Each Series of Units pays to the Managing Owner a monthly management fee equal to a percentage of the notional assets of such Series allocated to Trading Companies, calculated on a daily basis. The percentage basis of the fees varies and are in line with the amounts being disclosed below. In addition, the Managing Owner receives a monthly management fee equal to a certain percentage of the assets in the Galaxy Plus entities attributable to such Series’ (including notional assets), calculated on a monthly basis. The management fees attributable to Galaxy Plus entities are included in unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the Statements of Operations. The total amount of assets of a Series allocated to Trading Advisors and/or reference programs, including (i) actual funds deposited in accounts directed by the Trading Advisors or deposited as margin in respect of swaps or other derivative instruments referencing a reference program plus (ii) any notional equity allocated to the Trading Advisors and any reference programs, is referred to herein as the “notional assets” of the Series. The annual rate of the management fee is: 0.5% for the Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1 and Class 2, 0.5% for the Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1AP, Class 2a and Class 3a, 2.0% for the Frontier Global Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 1a, Class 2a, and Class 3a and Frontier Masters Fund, 0.75% for Frontier Diversified Fund, 2.5% for the Frontier Heritage Fund and Frontier Select Fund, and 3.5% for the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 2 and Class 3. The Managing Owner may pay all or a portion of such management fees to the Trading Advisor(s) and/or waive (up to the percentage specified) any such management fee to the extent any related management fee is paid by a trading company or estimated management fee is embedded in a swap or other derivative instrument. Any management fee embedded in a swap or other derivative instrument may be greater or less than the management fee that would otherwise be charged to the Series by the Managing Owner.

 

As of the date of this report, for a Series that has invested in a swap, a Trading Advisor does not receive any management fees directly from the Series for such swap, and instead the relevant Trading Advisor receives compensation via the fees embedded in the swap. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the management fee embedded in (i) swaps owned by Frontier Diversified Fund was 1.00% per annum, (ii) swaps owned by Frontier Balanced Fund was 1.00% per annum, (iii) swaps owned by Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was 1.50% per annum, and (iv) swaps owned by Frontier Select Fund was 1.00% per annum, and the Managing Owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from those Series in respect of such Series’ investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee was accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

 

The management fee as a percentage of the applicable Series’ notional assets will be greater than the percentage of the applicable Series’ net asset value to the extent that the notional assets of the Series exceeds its net asset value. The Managing Owner expects that the notional assets of each Series will generally be maintained at a level in excess of the net asset value of such Series and such excess may be substantial to the extent the Managing Owner deems necessary to achieve the desired level of volatility.

 

Trading Fees— In connection with each Series’ trading activities the Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Global Fund and Frontier Heritage Fund pays to the Managing Owner an FCM fee of up to 2.25% per annum of notional assets allocated to the trading advisors, including through investments in commodity pools available on the Galaxy Plus Platform, and any reference programs of the applicable Series. The Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund and Frontier Masters Fund pays to the Managing Owner an FCM fee of up to 2.25% of notional assets allocated to the trading advisors, including through investments in commodity pools available on the Galaxy Plus Platform, and a custodial/due diligence fee of 0.12% of such Series’ NAV, calculated daily.

  

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Incentive Fees—Some Series pay to the Managing Owner an incentive fee of a certain percentage of new net trading profits generated in the Trading Companies by such Series, monthly or quarterly. In addition, the Managing Owner receives a quarterly incentive fee of a certain percentage of new net trading profits generated in the Galaxy Plus entities that have been allocated to the Series. The incentive fees attributable to Galaxy Plus entities are included in unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the Statements of Operations. Because the Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund may each employ multiple Trading Advisors, these Series will pay the Managing Owner a monthly incentive fee calculated on a Trading Advisor by Trading Advisor basis. It is therefore possible that in any given period the Series may pay incentive fees to the Managing Owner for one or more Trading Advisors while each of these Series as a whole experiences losses. The incentive fee is 25% for the Frontier Balanced Fund and the Frontier Diversified Fund and 20% for the Frontier Global Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund and Frontier Masters Fund. The Managing Owner may pay all or a portion of such incentive fees to the Trading Advisor(s) for such Series. As of the date of this report, for a Series that has invested in a swap, the Managing Owner or Trading Advisor(s) do not receive any incentive fees directly from the Series for such swap, and instead the relevant Trading Advisor receives compensation via the fees embedded in the swap. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the range of incentive fees as a percentage of net new trading profits on swaps embedded in (i) swaps owned by Frontier Diversified Fund was 20-25% per annum, (ii) swaps owned by Frontier Balanced Fund was 20-25% per annum, (iii) swaps owned by Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was 25% per annum, and (iv) swaps owned by Frontier Heritage Fund was 15% per annum, and the Managing Owner has waived the entire incentive fee due to it from those Series in respect of such Series’ investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded incentive fee was accrued based on the net new trading profits of the swap.

 

Service Fees— Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund are charged a service fee of up to two percent (2.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to two percent (2.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale; provided, however, that investors who redeem all or a portion of their Class 1 and Class 1a Units of any Series during the first twelve (12) months following the effective date of their purchase are subject to a redemption fee of up to two percent (2.0%) of the purchase price at which such investor redeemed to reimburse the Managing Owner for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid initial service fee. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Global Fund are charged a service fee of up to three percent (3.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to three percent (3.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale; provided, however, that investors who redeem all or a portion of their Class 1 and Class 1a Units of any Series during the first twelve (12) months following the effective date of their purchase are subject to a redemption fee of up to three percent (3.0%) of the purchase price at which such investor redeemed to reimburse the Managing Owner for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid initial service fee. With respect to Class 2 and Class 2a Units of any Series, the Managing Owner pays an ongoing service fee to selling agents of up to one half percent (0.5%) annually of the NAV of each Class 2 or Class 2a Unit (of which 0.25% will be charged to Limited Owners holding Class 2 Units of the Frontier Diversified Fund and Frontier Masters Fund or Class 2a Units of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund sold) until such Class 2 or Class 2a Units which are subject to the fee limitation are reclassified as Class 3 or Class 3a Units of the applicable Series for administrative purposes. Currently the service fee is not charged to Class 1AP investors. The Managing Owner may also pay selling agents certain additional fees and expenses for administrative and other services rendered and expenses incurred by such selling agents.

  

The Managing Owner has determined that the purchase of additional units of the relevant series will commence in 2020. As such, the Managing Owner has calculated the amounts for additional units of the relevant series which will be purchased and classified such amounts as Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates of $22,650, $409, $31,725, $341,603, $19,010, $153,743 and $61,853 for the Frontier Diversified, Long/Short Commodity, Masters, Balanced, Select, Global and Heritage Funds, respectively.  

 

41

 

 

The following table summarizes fees earned by the Managing Owner for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2020  Incentive (Rebate) Fees   Management Fee   Service Fee   Trading Fee 
                 
Frontier Diversified Fund  $       -   $-   $2,062   $50,536 
Frontier Masters Fund   -    -    407    21,879 
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund   -    -    108    7,777 
Frontier Balanced Fund   -    5,029    73,754    127,677 
Frontier Select Fund   -    -    13,025    10,391 
Frontier Global Fund   -    -    22,977    42,481 
Frontier Heritage Fund   -    -    15,845    25,094 

 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2019  Incentive (Rebate) Fees   Management Fee   Service Fee   Trading Fee 
                 
Frontier Diversified Fund  $       -    -   $11,313   $126,165 
Frontier Masters Fund   -    -    1,256    49,626 
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund   -    -    134    14,443 
Frontier Balanced Fund   -    4,614    145,900    236,156 
Frontier Select Fund   -    -    27,710    21,767 
Frontier Global Fund   -    -    45,272    82,029 
Frontier Heritage Fund   -    -    22,197    31,932 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020  Incentive (Rebate) Fees   Management Fee   Service Fee   Trading Fee 
                 
Frontier Diversified Fund  $       -   $-   $12,712   $208,221 
Frontier Masters Fund   -    -    1,501    83,524 
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund   -    -    330    25,089 
Frontier Balanced Fund   -    14,753    284,736    465,170 
Frontier Select Fund   -    -    51,117    42,791 
Frontier Global Fund   -    -    81,204    150,154 
Frontier Heritage Fund   -    -    51,802    83,036 

  

42

 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019  Incentive (Rebate) Fees   Management Fee   Service Fee   Trading Fee 
                 
Frontier Diversified Fund  $       -   $2,668   $34,708   $382,495 
Frontier Masters Fund   -    7,665    11,010    175,662 
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund   -    -    448    42,660 
Frontier Balanced Fund   -    17,979    470,826    763,616 
Frontier Select Fund   -    -    79,777    66,874 
Frontier Global Fund   -    38,679    140,174    207,342 
Frontier Heritage Fund   -    7,289    66,095    88,678 

 

The following table summarizes fees payable to the Managing Owner as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

  

As of September 30, 2020  Incentive Fees   Management Fees   Interest Fees   Service Fees   Trading Fees 
                     
Frontier Diversified Fund  $       -   $-   $-   $632   $16,686 
Frontier Masters Fund   -    -    -    125    7,360 
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund   -    -    44    -    2,699 
Frontier Balanced Fund   -    8,903    361    20,578    41,480 
Frontier Select Fund   -    -    458    3,701    4,088 
Frontier Global Fund   -    -    230    6,769    13,063 
Frontier Heritage Fund   -    -    326    4,544    7,568 

 

As of December 31, 2019  Incentive Fees   Management Fees   Interest Fees   Service Fees   Trading Fees 
                     
Frontier Diversified Fund  $       -   $-   $-   $3,391   $35,877 
Frontier Masters Fund   -    -    -    204    11,673 
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund   -    -    -    -    3,468 
Frontier Balanced Fund   -    8,795    105    41,635    70,179 
Frontier Select Fund   -    -    -    6,906    6,000 
Frontier Global Fund   -    -    56    11,263    22,540 
Frontier Heritage Fund   -    -    166    5,362    11,170 

 

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With respect to the service fees, the initial service fee (for the first 12 months) relating to a purchase of Units by an investor is prepaid by the Managing Owner to the relevant selling agent in the month following such purchase and is reimbursed therefore by the Series monthly in arrears in an amount based upon a corresponding percentage of NAV, calculated daily. Consequently, the Managing Owner bears the risk and the benefit of the upside potential of any difference between the amount of the initial service fee prepaid by it and the amount of the reimbursement thereof, which may result from variations in NAV over the following 12 months.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, amounts received or receivable from the Managing Owner for the difference in monthly service fees from the prepaid initial service fees were $0 and $0, respectively.

 

Aggregate interest income from all sources, including U.S. Treasury Securities assets net of premiums and cash held at clearing brokers, of up to the first 2% (annualized) of average net assets less any fair market value related to swaps is paid to the Managing Owner by the Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1 and Class 2), Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 2 and Class 3), Frontier Global Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Heritage Fund. For the Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 1a, Class 2a and Class 3a), Frontier Masters Fund, and Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1AP, Class 2a and Class 3a), 100% of the interest is retained by the respective Series.

 

The following table outlines the interest paid by each series to the Managing owner and its ratio to average net assets for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

 

Three Months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

   

   September 30,
2020
   September 30,
2019
   September 30,
2020
   September 30,
2019
 
   Gross Amount
Paid to the
Managing Owner
   Gross Amount
Paid to the
Managing Owner
   Ratio to Average Net Assets   Ratio to Average Net Assets 
                 
Frontier Diversified Fund Class 1  $-   $-    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Diversified Fund Class 2   -    -    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Diversified Fund Class 3   -    -    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Masters Fund Class 1   -    -    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Masters Fund Class 2   -    -    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Masters Fund Class 3   -    -    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 2   6    5    0.02%   0.01%
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 3   158    129    0.02%   0.01%
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 1a   -    -    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 2a   -    -    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 3a   -    -    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1   1,019    877    0.01%   0.00%
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1AP   16    17    0.01%   0.00%
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 2   215    178    0.01%   0.00%
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 2a   2    2    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 3a   11    8    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Select Fund Class 1   1,349    2,364    0.08%   0.06%
Frontier Select Fund Class 1AP   8    8    0.08%   0.06%
Frontier Select Fund Class 2   54    73    0.08%   0.06%
Frontier Global Fund Class 1   901    1,236    0.03%   0.02%
Frontier Global Fund Class 1AP   9    8    0.03%   0.02%
Frontier Global Fund Class 2   57    87    0.03%   0.02%
Frontier Heritage Fund Class 1   1,151    1,457    0.05%   0.05%
Frontier Heritage Fund Class 1AP   4    5    0.05%   0.05%
Frontier Heritage Fund Class 2   235    322    0.06%   0.05%
                     
   $5,196   $6,776           

 

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Nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

 

   September 30,
2020
   September 30,
2019
   September 30,
2020
   September 30,
2019
 
   Gross Amount
Paid to the
Managing Owner
   Gross Amount
Paid to the
Managing Owner
   Ratio to Average Net Assets   Ratio to Average Net Assets 
Frontier Diversified Fund Class 1  $-   $-    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Diversified Fund Class 2   -    -    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Diversified Fund Class 3   -    -    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Masters Fund Class 1   -    -    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Masters Fund Class 2   -    -    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Masters Fund Class 3   -    -    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 2   14    14    0.04%   0.02%
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 3   354    337    0.04%   0.02%
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 1a   -    -    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 2a   -    -    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 3a   -    -    0.00%   0.00%
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1   5,419    3,758    0.04%   0.02%
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1AP   79    62    0.04%   0.02%
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 2   1,074    733    0.04%   0.02%
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 2a   12    9    0.01%   0.00%
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 3a   58    31    0.01%   0.00%
Frontier Select Fund Class 1   3,081    4,623    0.14%   0.13%
Frontier Select Fund Class 1AP   15    11    0.14%   0.16%
Frontier Select Fund Class 2   112    144    0.14%   0.13%
Frontier Global Fund Class 1   2,649    23,596    0.07%   0.38%
Frontier Global Fund Class 1AP   24    113    0.07%   0.32%
Frontier Global Fund Class 2   208    1,373    0.07%   0.34%
Frontier Heritage Fund Class 1   2,800    4,881    0.12%   0.17%
Frontier Heritage Fund Class 1AP   11    8    0.12%   0.16%
Frontier Heritage Fund Class 2   623    991    0.12%   0.16%
   $16,533   $40,684           

 

7.Financial Highlights

 

The following information presents the financial highlights of the Series, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. This data has been derived from the information presented in the financial statements.

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2020

 

   Frontier Diversified Fund   Frontier Masters Fund   Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund 
   Class 1   Class 2   Class 3   Class 1   Class 2   Class 3   Class 1a   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3   Class 3a 
Per unit operating performance (1)                                            
Net asset value, June 30, 2020  $74.09   $89.88   $84.09   $61.92   $75.13   $70.56   $44.58   $83.27   $53.49   $87.35   $56.38 
Net operating results:                                                       
Interest income   0.01    0.02    0.02    0.03    0.04    0.04    0.03    0.06    0.04    0.06    0.04 
Expenses   (1.46)   (0.76)   (0.71)   (3.18)   (1.05)   (1.00)   (0.69)   (0.50)   (0.32)   (0.52)   (0.34)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   (6.17)   (8.14)   (7.57)   (6.62)   (10.57)   (9.87)   (43.93)*   (1.42)   (0.82)   (1.49)   (0.82)
Net income/(loss)   (7.61)   (8.88)   (8.26)   (9.77)   (11.58)   (10.83)   (44.58)*   (1.86)   (1.11)   (1.95)   (1.12)
Net asset value, September 30, 2020  $66.48   $81.00   $75.83   $52.15   $63.55   $59.73   $0.00*   $81.41   $52.39   $85.40   $55.27 
Ratios to average net assets                                                       
Net investment income/(loss)   -8.16%   -3.45%   -3.45%   -21.78%   -5.83%   -5.83%   -6.06%   -2.17%   -2.17%   -2.17%   -2.17%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   8.24%   3.53%   3.53%   22.02%   6.06%   6.06%   6.34%   2.45%   2.45%   2.45%   2.45%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   8.24%   3.53%   3.53%   22.02%   6.06%   6.06%   6.34%   2.45%   2.45%   2.45%   2.45%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   -10.28%   -9.88%   -9.83%   -15.78%   -15.41%   -15.35%   -2.46%*   -2.23%   -2.07%   -2.23%   -1.98%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   -10.28%   -9.88%   -9.83%   -15.78%   -15.41%   -15.35%   -2.46%*   -2.23%   -2.07%   -2.23%   -1.98%
Incentive fee per share   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Incentive Fee to ANA   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%

 

45

 

 

   Frontier Balanced Fund   Frontier Select Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3a   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2 
Per unit operating performance (1)                                
Net asset value, June 30, 2020  $78.59   $93.76   $126.44   $109.61   $109.24   $61.04   $72.91   $96.75 
Net operating results:                                        
Interest income   0.00    0.00    0.01    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00 
Expenses   (1.39)   (0.97)   (20.94)   (1.13)   (1.13)   (0.78)   (0.41)   (0.54)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   (5.38)   (6.46)   10.92    (7.58)   (7.51)   (6.91)   (8.30)   (11.01)
Net income/(loss)   (6.77)   (7.42)   (10.02)   (8.71)   (8.64)   (7.69)   (8.70)   (11.55)
Net asset value, September 30, 2020  $71.82   $86.34   $116.42   $100.90   $100.60   $53.35   $64.20   $85.20 
                                         
Ratios to average net assets                                        
Net investment income/(loss)   -7.30%   -4.27%   -4.27%   -4.27%   -4.27%   -5.35%   -2.32%   -2.32%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   7.31%   4.27%   4.27%   4.27%   4.27%   5.35%   2.32%   2.32%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   7.31%   4.27%   4.27%   4.27%   4.27%   5.35%   2.32%   2.32%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   -8.61%   -7.92%   -7.92%   -7.95%   -7.91%   -12.60%   -11.93%   -11.93%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   -8.61%   -7.92%   -7.92%   -7.95%   -7.91%   -12.60%   -11.93%   -11.93%
                                         
Incentive fee per share   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Incentive Fee to ANA   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%

 

   Frontier Global Fund   Frontier Heritage Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2 
Per unit operating performance (1)                              
Net asset value, June 30, 2020  $121.68   $145.35   $181.09   $96.51   $115.25   $154.24 
Net operating results:                              
Interest income   0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00 
Expenses   (2.33)   (1.77)   (2.20)   (1.62)   (1.10)   (1.49)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   (15.17)   (18.19)   (22.67)   (8.01)   (9.62)   (12.85)
Net income/(loss)   (17.50)   (19.96)   (24.87)   (9.63)   (10.72)   (14.34)
Net asset value, September 30, 2020  $104.18   $125.39   $156.22   $86.88   $104.53   $139.90 
                               
Ratios to average net assets                              
Net investment income/(loss)   -8.26%   -5.23%   -5.23%   -7.04%   -4.01%   -4.01%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   8.26%   5.23%   5.23%   7.04%   4.01%   4.01%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   8.26%   5.23%   5.23%   7.04%   4.01%   4.01%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   -14.38%   -13.73%   -13.74%   -9.98%   -9.30%   -9.29%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   -14.38%   -13.73%   -13.74%   -9.98%   -9.30%   -9.29%
                               
Incentive fee per share   -    -    -    -    -    - 
Incentive Fee to ANA   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%

 

(1) Interest income and expenses per unit are calculated by dividing these amounts by the average number of units outstanding during the period. The net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests is a balancing amount necessary to reconcile the change in net asset value per unit with the other per unit information.
   
(2) Impact of incentive fee computed using average net assets, otherwise computed using average units outstanding during the period prior to the effects of any non-controlling transactions. An owner’s total returns may vary from the above returns based on the timing of contributions and withdrawals. Total returns are not annualized.
   
(3) Expense ratios do not reflect interest allocated to the Managing Owner as such expenses are not included in the Statements of Operations of the Series, see footnote 6.
   
(4) Expense ratios do not include management and incentive fees at the Galaxy Plus entities. The ratios would have been higher had those expenses been included. The impact of those fees is included in the total return.
   
*

Class 1a of Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was liquidated as of September 30, 2020.

  

46

 

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2019

 

   Frontier Diversified Fund   Frontier Masters Fund   Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund 
   Class 1   Class 2   Class 3   Class 1   Class 2   Class 3   Class 1a   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3   Class 3a 
Per unit operating performance (1)                                            
Net asset value, June 30, 2019  $102.44   $122.11   $113.96   $87.33   $104.1   $97.53   $52.86   $98.52   $62.24   $103.34   $65.45 
Net operating results:                                                       
Interest income   0.01    0.01    0.01    0.05    0.06    0.06    0.02    0.03    0.02    0.03    0.02 
Expenses   (1.69)   (1.12)   (1.05)   (1.53)   (1.37)   (1.28)   (0.76)   (0.66)   (0.42)   (0.69)   (0.45)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   1.96    1.98    1.91    (1.12)   (1.04)   (0.91)   (4.53)   (9.13)   (5.54)   (9.52)   (5.78)
Net income/(loss)   0.28    0.87    0.88    (2.60)   (2.35)   (2.14)   (5.30)   (9.76)   (5.94)   (10.18)   (6.21)
Net asset value, September 30, 2019  $102.72   $122.98   $114.84   $84.73   $101.75   $95.39   $47.56   $88.76   $56.3   $93.16   $59.24 
                                                        
Ratios to average net assets                                                       
Net investment income/(loss)   -6.57%   -3.64%   -3.64%   -6.61%   -4.94%   -4.94%   -5.71%   -2.57%   -2.57%   -2.57%   -2.57%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   6.62%   3.69%   3.69%   6.84%   5.17%   5.17%   5.84%   2.7%   2.7%   2.7%   2.7%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   6.62%   3.69%   3.69%   6.84%   5.17%   5.17%   5.84%   2.7%   2.7%   2.7%   2.7%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   0.27%   0.71%   0.76%   -2.97%   -2.26%   -2.19%   -9.99%   -9.91%   -9.54%   -9.85%   -9.49%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   0.27%   0.71%   0.76%   -2.97%   -2.26%   -2.19%   -9.99%   -9.91%   -9.54%   -9.85%   -9.49%

 

   Frontier Balanced Fund   Frontier Select Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3a   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2 
Per unit operating performance (1)                                
Net asset value, June 30, 2019  $116.36   $134.69   $181.66   $157.49   $156.91   $76.03   $88.34   $116.96 
Net operating results:                                        
Interest income   0.05    0.06    0.08    0.07    0.07    (0.00)   0    (0.00)
Expenses   (1.90)   (1.24)   (1.67)   (1.45)   (1.44)   (1.01)   (0.51)   (0.67)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   2.18    2.59    3.49    2.96    3.01    2.74    3.2    4.23 
Net income/(loss)   0.33    1.41    1.9    1.58    1.64    1.73    2.69    3.56 
Net asset value, September 30, 2019  $116.69   $136.1   $183.56   $159.07   $158.55   $77.76   $91.03   $120.52 
                                         
Ratios to average net assets                                        
Net investment income/(loss)   -6.29%   -3.48%   -3.48%   -3.48%   -3.48%   -5.45%   -2.36%   -2.36%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   6.47%   3.66%   3.66%   3.66%   3.66%   5.45%   2.36%   2.36%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   6.47%   3.66%   3.66%   3.66%   3.66%   5.45%   2.36%   2.36%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   0.28%   1.05%   1.05%   1%   1.05%   2.28%   3.05%   3.04%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   0.28%   1.05%   1.05%   1%   1.05%   2.28%   3.05%   3.04%

 

   Frontier Global Fund   Frontier Heritage Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2 
Per unit operating performance (1)                        
Net asset value, June 30, 2019  $143.64   $166.13   $207.48   $109.6   $126.34   $169.96 
Net operating results:                              
Interest income   (0.00)   (0.00)   (0.00)   (0.00)   0    (0.00)
Expenses   (2.98)   (2.16)   (2.69)   (1.81)   (1.16)   (1.51)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   11.36    13.19    16.41    5.14    5.98    8.03 
Net income/(loss)   8.38    11.03    13.72    3.33    4.82    6.52 
Net asset value, September 30, 2019  $152.02   $177.16   $221.2   $112.93   $131.16   $176.48 
                               
Ratios to average net assets                              
Net investment income/(loss)   -8.43%   -5.29%   -5.29%   -6.96%   -3.77%   -3.77%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   8.43%   5.29%   5.29%   6.96%   3.77%   3.77%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   8.43%   5.29%   5.29%   6.96%   3.77%   3.77%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   5.84%   6.64%   6.61%   3.04%   3.82%   3.84%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   5.84%   6.64%   6.61%   3.04%   3.82%   3.84%

 

(1) Interest income and expenses per unit are calculated by dividing these amounts by the average number of units outstanding during the period. The net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests is a balancing amount necessary to reconcile the change in net asset value per unit with the other per unit information.

 

(2) Impact of incentive fee computed using average net assets, otherwise computed using average units outstanding during the period prior to the effects of any non-controlling transactions. An owner’s total returns may vary from the above returns based on the timing of contributions and withdrawals. Total returns are not annualized.

 

(3) Expense ratios do not reflect interest allocated to the Managing Owner as such expenses are not included in the Statements of Operations of the Series, see footnote 6.

 

(4) Expense ratios do not include management and incentive fees at the Galaxy Plus entities. The ratios would have been higher had those expenses been included. The impact of those fees is included in the total return.

 

47

 

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020

 

   Frontier Diversified Fund   Frontier Masters Fund   Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund 
   Class 1   Class 2   Class 3   Class 1   Class 2   Class 3   Class 1a   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3   Class 3a 
Per unit operating performance (1)                                            
Net asset value, December 31, 2019  $101.10   $121.58   $113.61   $72.28   $87.18   $81.78   $44.20   $81.60   $52.55   $85.64   $55.31 
Net operating results:                                                       
Interest income   0.02    0.03    0.02    0.08    0.10    0.10    0.07    0.13    0.08    0.13    0.09 
Expenses   (4.88)   (2.82)   (2.50)   (11.57)   (3.75)   (3.52)   (2.13)   (1.59)   (1.02)   (1.67)   (1.08)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   (29.76)   (37.79)   (35.30)   (8.64)   (19.99)   (18.63)   (42.14)    1.27    0.78    1.30    0.94 
Net income/(loss)   (34.62)   (40.58)   (37.78)   (20.13)   (23.63)   (22.05)   (44.20)*   (0.19)   (0.17)   (0.24)   (0.05)
Net asset value, September 30, 2020  $66.48   $81.00   $75.83   $52.15   $63.55   $59.73   $(0.00)*  $81.41   $52.39   $85.40   $55.27 
                                                        
Ratios to average net assets                                                       
Net investment income/(loss)   -10.89%   -5.35%   -5.35%   -35.07%   -9.11%   -9.11%   -9.27%   -3.53%   -3.53%   -3.53%   -3.53%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   10.94%   5.40%   5.40%   35.33%   9.37%   9.37%   9.58%   3.84%   3.84%   3.84%   3.84%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   10.94%   5.40%   5.40%   35.33%   9.37%   9.37%   9.58%   3.84%   3.84%   3.84%   3.84%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   -34.25%   -33.38%   -33.25%   -27.85%   -27.11%   -26.97%   -1.62%*   -0.23%   -0.31%   -0.28%   -0.08%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   -34.25%   -33.38%   -33.25%   -27.85%   -27.11%   -26.97%   -1.62%  -0.23%   -0.31%   -0.28%   -0.08%
                                                        
Incentive fee per share   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Incentive Fee to ANA   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%

 

   Frontier Balanced Fund   Frontier Select Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3a   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2 
Per unit operating performance (1)                                
Net asset value, December 31, 2019  $117.23   $137.81   $185.82   $161.04   $160.50   $66.56   $78.51   $103.94 
Net operating results:                                        
Interest income   0.04    0.04    0.06    0.05    0.05    0.00    0.00    0.00 
Expenses   (4.79)   (3.21)   (4.34)   (3.79)   (3.76)   (2.61)   (1.37)   (1.83)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   (40.66)   (48.31)   (65.11)   (56.40)   (56.20)   (10.60)   (12.93)   (16.92)
Net income/(loss)   (45.41)   (51.47)   (69.40)   (60.14)   (59.90)   (13.21)   (14.31)   (18.74)
Net asset value, September 30, 2020  $71.82   $86.34   $116.42   $100.90   $100.60   $53.35   $64.20   $85.20 
                                         
Ratios to average net assets                                        
Net investment income/(loss)   -10.42%   -5.92%   -5.92%   -5.92%   -5.92%   -8.15%   -3.64%   -3.64%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   10.50%   6.00%   6.00%   6.00%   6.00%   8.15%   3.64%   3.64%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   10.50%   6.00%   6.00%   6.00%   6.00%   8.15%   3.64%   3.64%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   -38.74%   -37.35%   -37.35%   -37.34%   -37.32%   -19.84%   -18.22%   -18.03%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   -38.74%   -37.35%   -37.35%   -37.34%   -37.32%   -19.84%   -18.22%   -18.03%
                                         
Incentive fee per share   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Incentive Fee to ANA   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%

 

   Frontier Global Fund   Frontier Heritage Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2 
Per unit operating performance (1)                        
Net asset value, December 31, 2019  $131.52   $154.43   $192.82   $97.54   $114.15   $153.59 
Net operating results:                              
Interest income   0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00 
Expenses   (7.81)   (5.84)   (7.38)   (5.22)   (3.52)   (4.74)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   (19.53)   (23.20)   (29.22)   (5.44)   (6.11)   (8.95)
Net income/(loss)   (27.34)   (29.04)   (36.60)   (10.65)   (9.62)   (13.69)
Net asset value, September 30, 2020  $104.18   $125.39   $156.22   $86.88   $104.53   $139.90 
                               
Ratios to average net assets                              
Net investment income/(loss)   -12.20%   -7.68%   -7.68%   -10.42%   -5.90%   -5.90%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   12.20%   7.68%   7.68%   10.42%   5.90%   5.90%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   12.20%   7.68%   7.68%   10.42%   5.90%   5.90%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   -20.79%   -18.80%   -18.98%   -10.92%   -8.43%   -8.91%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   -20.79%   -18.80%   -18.98%   -10.92%   -8.43%   -8.91%
                               
Incentive fee per share   -    -    -    -    -    - 
Incentive Fee to ANA   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%   0.00%

 

(1) Interest income and expenses per unit are calculated by dividing these amounts by the average number of units outstanding during the period. The net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests is a balancing amount necessary to reconcile the change in net asset value per unit with the other per unit information.

 

48

 

 

(2) Impact of incentive fee computed using average net assets, otherwise computed using average units outstanding during the period prior to the effects of any non-controlling transactions. An owner’s total returns may vary from the above returns based on the timing of contributions and withdrawals. Total returns are not annualized.

 

(3) Expense ratios do not reflect interest allocated to the Managing Owner as such expenses are not included in the Statements of Operations of the Series, see footnote 6.

 

(4) Expense ratios do not include management and incentive fees at the Galaxy Plus entities. The ratios would have been higher had those expenses been included. The impact of those fees is included in the total return.
     
  *

Class 1a of Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was liquidated as of September 30, 2020.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019

 

   Frontier Diversified Fund   Frontier Masters Fund   Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund 
   Class 1   Class 2   Class 3   Class 1   Class 2   Class 3   Class 1a   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3   Class 3a 
Per unit operating performance (1)                                            
Net asset value, December 31, 2018  $102.25   $120.84   $112.62   $91.1   $107.68   $100.77   $56.8   $98.82   $66.52   $103.66   $69.83 
Net operating results:                                                       
Interest income   0.06    0.07    0.06    0.09    0.11    0.1    0.04    0.08    0.05    0.09    0.05 
Expenses   (5.12)   (3.35)   (3.13)   (5.44)   (4.68)   (4.38)   (2.45)   (1.92)   (1.21)   (2.02)   (1.28)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   5.54    5.42    5.29    (1.02)   (1.36)   (1.10)   (6.83)   (8.22)   (9.06)   (8.56)   (9.37)
Net income/(loss)   0.47    2.14    2.22    (6.37)   (5.93)   (5.38)   (9.24)   (10.06)   (10.22)   (10.50)   (10.59)
Net asset value, September 30, 2019  $102.72   $122.98   $114.84   $84.73   $101.75   $95.39   $47.56   $88.76   $56.3   $93.16   $59.24 
                                                        
Ratios to average net assets                                                       
Net investment income/(loss)   -6.65%   -3.63%   -3.63%   -8.37%   -5.87%   -5.87%   -6.35%   -2.58%   -2.58%   -2.58%   -2.58%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   6.72%   3.7%   3.7%   8.51%   6.01%   6.01%   6.46%   2.7%   2.7%   2.7%   2.7%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   6.72%   3.7%   3.7%   8.51%   6.01%   6.01%   6.46%   2.7%   2.7%   2.7%   2.7%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   0.46%   1.77%   1.97%   -6.99%   -5.51%   -5.34%   -16.27%   -10.18%   -15.36%   -10.13%   -15.17%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   0.46%   1.77%   1.97%   -6.99%   -5.51%   -5.34%   -16.27%   -10.18%   -15.36%   -10.13%   -15.17%

 

   Frontier Balanced Fund   Frontier Select Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3a   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2 
Per unit operating performance (1)                                
Net asset value, December 31, 2018  $117.63   $134.16   $180.94   $156.81   $156.26   $71.41   $82.48   $108.18 
Net operating results:                                        
Interest income   0.16    0.18    0.25    0.21    0.21    (0.00)   0    (0.00)
Expenses   (6.03)   (3.97)   (5.34)   (4.62)   (4.62)   (2.98)   (1.63)   (2.04)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   4.94    5.72    7.71    6.66    6.69    9.33    10.18    14.38 
Net income/(loss)   (0.94)   1.94    2.62    2.26    2.29    6.35    8.55    12.34 
Net asset value, September 30, 2019  $116.69   $136.1   $183.56   $159.07   $158.55   $77.76   $91.03   $120.52 
                                         
Ratios to average net assets                                        
Net investment income/(loss)   -6.77%   -3.77%   -3.77%   -3.77%   -3.77%   -5.44%   -2.43%   -2.44%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   6.96%   3.95%   3.95%   3.95%   3.95%   5.44%   2.43%   2.43%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   6.96%   3.95%   3.95%   3.95%   3.95%   5.44%   2.43%   2.43%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   -0.8%   1.45%   1.45%   1.44%   1.47%   8.89%   10.37%   11.41%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   -0.8%   1.45%   1.45%   1.44%   1.47%   8.89%   10.37%   11.41%

 

49

 

 

   Frontier Global Fund   Frontier Heritage Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2 
Per unit operating performance (1)                        
Net asset value, December 31, 2018  $131.57   $149.92   $187.17   $99.83   $111.78   $152.53 
Net operating results:                              
Interest income   (0.00)   (0.00)   (0.00)   (0.00)   0    (0.00)
Expenses   (8.33)   (6.05)   (7.50)   (5.13)   (3.49)   (4.35)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   28.78    33.29    41.53    18.23    22.87    28.3 
Net income/(loss)   20.45    27.24    34.03    13.1    19.38    23.95 
Net asset value, September 30, 2019  $152.02   $177.16   $221.2   $112.93   $131.16   $176.48 
                               
Ratios to average net assets                              
Net investment income/(loss)   -7.93%   -4.93%   -4.93%   -6.62%   -3.61%   -3.61%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   7.93%   4.93%   4.93%   6.62%   3.61%   3.61%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   7.93%   4.93%   4.93%   6.62%   3.61%   3.61%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   15.54%   18.17%   18.18%   13.12%   17.34%   15.7%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   15.54%   18.17%   18.18%   13.12%   17.34%   15.7%

 

(1) Interest income and expenses per unit are calculated by dividing these amounts by the average number of units outstanding during the period. The net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests is a balancing amount necessary to reconcile the change in net asset value per unit with the other per unit information.

 

(2) Impact of incentive fee computed using average net assets, otherwise computed using average units outstanding during the period prior to the effects of any non-controlling transactions. An owner’s total returns may vary from the above returns based on the timing of contributions and withdrawals. Total returns are not annualized.

 

(3) Expense ratios do not reflect interest allocated to the Managing Owner as such expenses are not included in the Statements of Operations of the Series, see footnote 6.

 

(4) Expense ratios do not include management and incentive fees at the Galaxy Plus entities. The ratios would have been higher had those expenses been included. The impact of those fees is included in the total return.

 

8.Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

 

The Series’ primary business is to engage in speculative trading of a diversified portfolio of futures, forwards (including interbank foreign currencies), options contracts and other derivative instruments (including swap contracts). The Series do not enter into or hold positions for hedging purposes as defined under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The detail of the fair value of the Series’ derivatives by instrument types as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 is included in the Condensed Schedules of Investments. See Note 4 for further disclosure related to each Series’ position in swap contracts. There are embedded management fees in transacting these swaps ranging from 1% to 1.5% based on fair value of swaps and the embedded incentive fees ranging from 15% to 25% based on net new trading profits on swaps.

 

50

 

 

The following tables summarize the monthly averages of futures contracts bought and sold for each respective Series of the Trust:

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2020

 

Monthly average contracts:

 

   Bought   Sold 
         
Frontier Balanced Fund   600    726 

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2019

 

Monthly average contracts:

 

   Bought   Sold 
         
Frontier Balanced Fund   138    246 

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020

 

Monthly average contracts:

 

   Bought   Sold 
         
Frontier Balanced Fund   578    568 

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019

 

Monthly average contracts:

 

   Bought   Sold 
         
Frontier Balanced Fund   617    827 

 

The following tables summarize the trading revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, and 2019 by sector:

 

Realized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020

 

Type of contract  Frontier Balanced Fund 
     
Agriculturals  $107,606 
Currencies   36,116 
Energies   (29,190)
Interest rates   (80,947)
Metals   105,688 
Stock indices   28,280 
Realized trading income/(loss)(1)  $167,553 

 

(1)Amounts recorded in the Statements of Operations under Net realized gain(loss) on futures forwards and options.

 

51

 

 

Realized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019

 

Type of contract  Frontier Balanced Fund 
     
Agriculturals  $(54,047)
Currencies   (161,381)
Energies   (13,734)
Interest rates   148,301 
Metals   44,521 
Stock indices   (55,718)
Realized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(92,058)

 

(1) Amounts recorded in the Statements of Operations under Net realized gain(loss) on futures forwards and options.

 

Realized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020

 

Type of contract  Frontier Balanced Fund 
     
Agriculturals  $132,659 
Currencies   15,372 
Energies   (15,120)
Interest rates   56,888 
Metals   427,135 
Stock indices   (28,822)
Realized trading income/(loss)(1)  $588,112 

 

(1) Amounts recorded in the Statements of Operations under Net realized gain(loss) on futures forwards and options.

 

Realized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019

 

Type of contract  Frontier Balanced Fund 
     
Agriculturals  $9,995 
Currencies   (280,126)
Energies   (21,731)
Interest rates   460,843 
Metals   58,195 
Stock indices   (61,336)
Realized trading income/(loss)(1)  $165,840 

 

(1) Amounts recorded in the Statements of Operations under Net realized gain(loss) on futures forwards and options.

 

52

 

 

Net Change in Open Trade Equity from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020

 

Type of contract  Frontier Balanced Fund 
     
Agriculturals  $(73,529)
Currencies   (12,856)
Energies   (35,050)
Interest rates   46,611 
Metals   28,731 
Stock indices   (7,741)
Change in unrealized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(53,834)

 

(1) Amounts recorded in the Statements of Operations under Net change in open trade equity/(deficit)

 

Net Change in Open Trade Equity from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019

 

Type of contract  Frontier Balanced Fund 
     
Agriculturals  $3,305 
Currencies   47,292 
Energies   4,480 
Interest rates   (81,857)
Metals   19,396 
Stock indices   (20,887)
Change in unrealized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(28,271)

 

(1) Amounts recorded in the Statements of Operations under Net change in open trade equity/(deficit)

 

Net Change in Open Trade Equity from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020

 

Type of contract  Frontier Balanced Fund 
     
Agriculturals  $(58,614)
Currencies   (27,439)
Energies   (39,325)
Interest rates   76,647 
Metals   (91,914)
Stock indices   9,775 
Change in unrealized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(130,869)

 

(1) Amounts recorded in the Statements of Operations under Net change in open trade equity/(deficit)

 

Net Change in Open Trade Equity from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019

 

Type of contract  Frontier Balanced Fund 
     
Agriculturals  $3,305 
Currencies   (63,185)
Energies   20,847 
Interest rates   (89,117)
Metals   (80,268)
Stock indices   (16,368)
Change in unrealized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(224,786)

 

(1) Amounts recorded in the Statements of Operations under Net change in open trade equity/(deficit)

 

53

 

 

Certain financial instruments and derivative instruments are eligible for offset in the statements of financial condition under GAAP. The Series’ open trade equity/(deficit), options written, and receivables from FCMs are subject to master netting arrangements and collateral arrangements and meet the GAAP guidance to qualify for offset. A master netting arrangement with a counterparty creates a right of offset for amounts due to and from that same counterparty that is enforceable in the event of a default or bankruptcy. The Series’ policy is to recognize amounts subject to master netting arrangements on a net basis on the statements of financial condition.

 

The following tables present gross and net information about the Series’ assets and liabilities subject to master netting arrangements as disclosed on the statements of financial condition as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

 

As of September 30, 2020

 

   Gross
Amounts of
recognized
Derivative
Assets/
Liabilities
   Gross
Amounts
offset in the
Statements of
Financial
Condition
   Net
Amounts
Presented
in the
Statements
of Financial
Condition
 
Frontier Balanced Fund            
Open Trade Equity/(Deficit)  $1,111,441   $(1,171,216)  $(59,775)
Swap Contracts   7,319,420    -    7,319,420 
                
Frontier Diversified Fund               
Swap Contracts  $4,553,855   $-   $4,553,855 
                
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund               
Swap Contracts  $578,274   $-   $578,274 

 

As of December 31, 2019

 

   Gross
Amounts of
recognized
Derivative
Assets/
Liabilities
   Gross
Amounts
offset in the
Statements
of Financial
Condition
   Net
Amounts
Presented
in the
Statements
of Financial
Condition
 
Frontier Balanced Fund            
Open Trade Equity/(Deficit)  $154,778   $(38,594)  $116,184 
Swap Contracts   11,944,753    -   $11,944,753 
                
Frontier Diversified Fund               
Swap Contracts  $6,384,583   $-   $6,384,583 
                
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund               
Swap Contracts  $362,521   $-   $362,521 
                
Frontier Heritage Fund               
Swap Contracts  $2,888,009   $-   $2,888,009 

 

54

 

 

9.Trading Activities and Related Risks

 

The purchase and sale of futures and options on futures contracts require margin deposits with FCMs. Additional deposits may be necessary for any loss on contract value. The Commodity Exchange Act, as amended (“CEA”), requires an FCM to segregate all customer transactions and assets from the FCM’s proprietary activities. A customer’s cash and other property (for example, U.S. treasury bills) deposited with an FCM are considered commingled with all other customer funds subject to the FCM’s segregation requirements. In the event of an FCM’s insolvency, recovery may be limited to a pro rata share of segregated funds available. It is possible that the recovered amount could be less than the total of cash and other property deposited.

 

The term “off-balance sheet risk” refers to an unrecorded potential liability that, even though it does not appear on the statements of financial condition, may result in future obligation or loss in excess of the amount paid by the Series for a particular investment. Each Trading Company expects to trade in futures, options, forward and swap contracts and will therefore be a party to financial instruments with elements of off-balance sheet market and credit risk. In entering into these contracts, there exists a market risk that such contracts may be significantly influenced by market conditions, such as interest rate volatility, resulting in such contracts being less valuable. If the markets should move against all of the futures positions held by a Trading Company or Galaxy Plus entity in respect of any Series at the same time, and if the Trading Advisor(s) of such Trading Company or Galaxy Plus entity are unable to offset such futures interests positions, such Trading Company or Galaxy Plus entity could lose all of its assets and the holders of Units of such Series would realize a 100% loss. The Managing Owner will seek to minimize market risk through real-time monitoring of open positions and the level of diversification of each Trading Advisor’s portfolio. It is anticipated that any Trading Advisor’s margin-to-equity ratio will typically not exceed approximately 35% although the actual ratio could be higher or lower from time to time.

 

In addition to market risk, trading futures, forward and swap contracts entails credit risk that a counterparty will not be able to meet its obligations to a Trading Company or Galaxy Plus entity. The counterparty for futures contracts traded in the United States and on most foreign exchanges is the clearinghouse associated with such exchange. In general, clearinghouses are backed by the corporate members of the clearinghouse who are required to share any financial burden resulting from the non-performance by one of their members and, as such, should significantly reduce this credit risk. In cases where the clearinghouse is not backed by the clearing members, like some foreign exchanges, it is normally backed by a consortium of banks or other financial institutions. Some non-U.S. exchanges, in contrast to U.S. exchanges, are principals’ markets in which performance is the responsibility only of the individual counterparty with whom the Trading Company has entered into the transaction, and not of the exchange or clearing corporation. In these kinds of markets, there is risk of bankruptcy or other failure or refusal to perform by the counterparty.

 

In the case of forward contracts traded on the interbank market and swaps, neither is traded on exchanges. The counterparty is generally a single bank or other financial institution, rather than a group of financial institutions; thus there may be a greater counterparty credit risk. The Managing Owner expects the Trading Advisors to trade only with those counterparties which it believes to be creditworthy. All positions of each Trading Company will be valued each day on a mark-to-market basis. There can be no assurance that any clearing member, clearinghouse or other counterparty will be able to meet its obligations to any Trading Company.

 

The Managing Owner has established procedures to actively monitor and minimize market and credit risks. The Limited Owners bear the risk of loss only to the extent of the market value of their respective investments and, in certain specific circumstances, distributions and redemptions received.

 

10.Indemnifications and Guarantees noted in Management Discussion and Analysis

 

The Trust has entered into agreements, which provide for the indemnification of futures clearing brokers, and commodity trading advisers, among others, against losses, costs, claims and liabilities arising from the performance of their individual obligations under such agreements, except for gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct. The Trust has had no prior claims or payments pursuant to these agreements. The Trust’s individual maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown, as this would involve future claims that may be made against the Trust that have not yet occurred. However, based on experience the Trust expects the risk of loss to be remote. Maximum exposure is unfulfilled obligations of the Series up to the amount of equity at risk with the custodian of the referenced Series as allocated from the Trading Company. The Series have not recorded any liability for the indemnifications in the accompanying financial statements as it expects any possibility of losses to be remote.

 

11.Subsequent Events

 

The Managing Owner evaluates events that occur after the balance sheet date but before and up until financial statements are available to be issued. The Managing Owner has assessed the subsequent events through the date that the financial statements were issued and has determined that, except as set forth below, there were no subsequent events requiring adjustment to or disclosure in the financial statements.

 

From October 1, 2020 through November 10, 2020, Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Global Fund paid $257,775, $111,437, $12,801, $12,679, $81,549, $32,147 and $73,480, respectively, in redemptions. 

 

55

 

 

Frontier Funds

Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition

September 30, 2020 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2019

 

   September 30,
2020
   December 31,
2019
 
ASSETS        
         
Cash and cash equivalents  $249,842   $367,568 
U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value   105,594    650,728 
Receivable from futures commission merchants   780,884    2,526,242 
Open trade equity, at fair value   -    116,184 
Swap contracts, at fair value   12,451,549    21,579,865 
Investments in private investment companies, at fair value   22,967,286    35,926,037 
Interest receivable   703    13,363 
Receivable from related parties   175,804    11,453 
Redemptions receivable from private investment companies   481,312    552,017 
Other assets   -    5,700 
           
Total Assets  $37,212,974   $61,749,157 
           
LIABILITIES & CAPITAL          
           
LIABILITIES          
Open trade equity, at fair value  $59,775   $- 
Redemptions payable   54,230    133,633 
Management fees payable to Managing Owner   8,903    8,795 
Interest payable to Managing Owner   1,419    327 
Trading fees payable to Managing Owner   92,944    160,907 
Service fees payable to Managing Owner   36,349    68,762 
Risk analysis fees payable   10,029    8,465 
Advance on unrealized Swap Appreciation   10,291,555    12,191,555 
Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates   630,993    598,042 
Payables to related parties   175,803    - 
Other liabilities   16,818    22,078 
           
Total Liabilities   11,378,818    13,192,564 
           
OWNERS CAPITAL          
Managing Owner Units   277,817    487,974 
Limited Owner Units   25,556,339    48,068,619 
           
Total Owners Capital   25,834,156    48,556,593 
           
Total Liabilities and Owners Capital  $37,212,974   $61,749,157 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

56

 

  

Frontier Funds

Consolidated Condensed Schedule of Investments

September 30, 2020 (unaudited)

 

           % of Total Capital 
Description  Fair
Value
   (Net Asset Value) 
LONG FUTURES CONTRACTS *          
     Various agriculture futures contracts (Far East)  $502    0.00%
     Various agriculture futures contracts (U.S.)   167,759    0.65%
     Various base metals futures contracts (U.S.)   (65,902)   -0.26%
     Various currency futures contracts (U.S.)   375    0.00%
     Various currency futures contracts (Europe)   (15,137)   -0.06%
     Various currency futures contracts (Latin America)   (30,905)   -0.12%
     Various energy futures contracts (U.S.)   (29,500)   -0.11%
     Various interest rates futures contracts (Europe)   197,574    0.76%
     Various interest rates futures contracts (Far East)   6,926    0.03%
     Various interest rates futures contracts (Oceanic)   65,560    0.25%
     Various interest rates futures contracts (U.S.)   (3,937)   -0.02%
     Various precious metal futures contracts (U.S.)   (42,070)   -0.16%
     Various soft futures contracts (U.S.)   (15,983)   -0.06%
                
     Total Long Futures Contracts  $235,262    0.90%
                
SHORT FUTURES CONTRACTS *          
     Various agriculture futures contracts (Far East)  $3,089    0.01%
     Various agriculture futures contracts (U.S.)   (190,350)   -0.74%
     Various base metals futures contracts (U.S.)   10,036    0.04%
     Various currency futures contracts (U.S.)   7,925    0.03%
     Various currency futures contracts (Europe)   (1,219)   0.00%
     Various currency futures contracts (Latin America)   20,340    0.08%
     Various energy futures contracts (U.S.)   (7,180)   -0.03%
     Various interest rates futures contracts (Europe)   (126,110)   -0.49%
     Various interest rates futures contracts (Far East)   (7,202)   -0.03%
     Various interest rates futures contracts (Oceanic)   (34,704)   -0.13%
     Various interest rates futures contracts (U.S.)   (5,563)   -0.02%
     Various precious metal futures contracts (U.S.)   41,900    0.16%
     Various soft futures contracts (U.S.)   (6,259)   -0.02%
     Various stock index futures contracts (Canada)   (1,078)   0.00%
     Various stock index futures contracts (Europe)   3,848    0.01%
     Various stock index futures contracts (Far East)   (2,510.00)   -0.01%
                
     Total Short Futures Contracts  $(295,037)   -1.14%
     Total Open Trade Equity (Deficit)  $(59,775)   -0.24%
SWAPS (1)          
     Frontier Brevan Howard swap (U.S.)   -    0.00%
     Frontier XXXIV Balanced select swap (U.S.)   7,319,420    28.33%
     Frontier XXXV Diversified select swap (U.S.)   4,553,855    17.63%
     Frontier XXXVII L/S select swap (U.S.)   578,274    2.24%
     Total Swaps  $12,451,549    48.20%
PRIVATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES (2)          
     Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   -    0.00%
     Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   -    0.00%
     Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   3,409,886    13.20%
     Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   1,888,695    7.31%
     Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   -    0.00%
     Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Fit Feeder Fund (535) LLC   77,353    0.30%
     Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   1,362,594    5.27%
     Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   7,329,409    28.37%
     Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   5,313,882    20.57%
     Galaxy Plus Fund - JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC)   3,159,547      
     Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   -    0.00%
     Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   425,920    1.65%
     Total Private Investment Companies  $22,967,286    76.67%
U.S. TREASURY SECURITIES          
                
FACE VALUE  Fair Value      
                
$80,000   US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (Cost $106,503)   105,594    0.41%
     Total U.S. Treasury Securities  $105,594    0.41%

 

* Except for those items disclosed, no individual futures, forwards and option on futures contract position constituted greater than 1 percent of Net Asset Value.  Accordingly, the number of contracts and expiration dates are not presented.

 

(1) See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 4.

 

(2) See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 5.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

57

 

 

Frontier Funds

Consolidated Condensed Schedule of Investments

December 31, 2019

 

          % of Total
Capital
 
Description   Fair
Value
    (Net Asset
Value)
 
LONG FUTURES CONTRACTS *            
      Various base metals futures contracts (U.S.)   $ (3,344 )     -0.01 %
      Various agriculture futures contracts (U.S.)     22,437       0.05 %
      Various soft futures contracts (Far East)     709       0.00 %
      Various energy futures contracts (U.S.)     (735 )     0.00 %
      Various soft futures contracts (U.S.)     1,740       0.00 %
      Various interest rates futures contracts (Europe)     (2,763 )     -0.01 %
      Various precious metal futures contracts (U.S.)     45,590       0.09 %
      Various stock index futures contracts (Europe)     (2,506 )     -0.01 %
      Various stock index futures contracts (Far East)     (7,157 )     -0.01 %
      Various stock index futures contracts (Oceanic)     (21,237 )     -0.04 %
      Various stock index futures contracts (U.S.)     21,385       0.04 %
      Total Long Futures Contracts   $ 54,119       0.10 %
SHORT FUTURES CONTRACTS *                
      Various base metals futures contracts (U.S.)   $ (6,369 )     -0.01 %
      Various agriculture futures contracts (U.S.)     (1,410 )     0.00 %
      Various energy futures contracts (U.S.)     3,380       0.01 %
      Various interest rates futures contracts (Europe)     9,572       0.02 %
      Various interest rates futures contracts (Far East)     1,104       0.00 %
      Various soft futures contracts (U.S.)     (3,340 )     -0.01 %
      Total Short Futures Contracts   $ 2,937       0.01 %
CURRENCY FORWARDS *                
      Various currency forwards contracts (NA)     59,128       0.12 %
      Total Currency Forwards   $ 59,128       0.12 %
      Total Open Trade Equity (Deficit)   $ 116,184       0.23 %
SWAPS (1)                
      Frontier Brevan Howard swap (U.S.)   $ 2,888,008       5.95 %
      Frontier XXXIV Balanced select swap (U.S.)     11,944,753       24.60 %
      Frontier XXXV Diversified select swap (U.S.)     6,384,583       13.15 %
      Frontier XXXVII L/S select swap (U.S.)     362,521       0.75 %
      Total Swaps   $ 21,579,865       44.45 %
PRIVATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES (2)                
      Galaxy Plus Fund – EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   $ 1,484,422       3.06 %
      Galaxy Plus Fund – Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC     3,180,963       6.55 %
      Galaxy Plus Fund – Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC     4,620,630       9.52 %
      Galaxy Plus Fund – QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC     4,016,291       8.27 %
      Galaxy Plus Fund – Quest Fit Feeder Fund (535) LLC     157,773       0.32 %
      Galaxy Plus Fund – Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC     1,032,745       2.13 %
      Galaxy Plus Fund – Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC     12,052,434       24.82 %
      Galaxy Plus Fund – Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC     6,565,468       13.52 %
      Galaxy Plus Fund – TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC     1,821,275       3.75 %
      Galaxy Plus Fund – LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC     994,036       2.05 %
      Total Private Investment Companies   $ 35,926,037       73.99 %

 

U.S. TREASURY SECURITIES        
             
FACE VALUE        
             
       Fair Value     
$510,000   US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (Cost $652,026)  $650,728    1.34%
     Total U.S. Treasury Securities  $650,728    1.34%

 

* Except for those items disclosed, no individual futures, forwards and option on futures contract position constituted greater than 1 percent of Net Asset Value. Accordingly, the number of contracts and expiration dates are not presented.

 

(1) See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 4.

(2) See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 5.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

58

 

 

Frontier Funds

Consolidated Statements of Operations

For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 (unaudited)

 

   September 30,
2020
   September 30,
2019
 
         
Investment income:        
Interest - net  $2,941   $16,077 
           
Total Income   2,941    16,077 
           
Expenses:          
Incentive Fees   -    - 
Management Fees   (5,029)   (4,614)
Risk analysis Fees   (1,509)   (1,385)
Service Fees - Class 1   (128,178)   (253,782)
Due Diligence Fees   (2,268)   - 
Trading Fees   (285,835)   (562,118)
Other Fees   (45)   - 
           
Total Expenses   (422,864)   (821,899)
           
Investment income/(loss) - net   (419,923)   (805,822)
           
Realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments:          
Net realized gain/(loss) on futures, forwards and options   167,553    (92,058)
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (2,356,309)   888,297 
Net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   11,991    (2,575)
Net change in open trade equity/(deficit)   (53,834)   (28,271)
Net realized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   (10,318)   - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   (248,865)   601,127 
Net realized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   (1,058)   35,523 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   (1,105)   (36,934)
Trading commissions   (5,477)   (9,459)
           
Net gain/(loss) on investments   (2,497,422)   1,355,649 
           
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN OWNERS’ CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS  $(2,917,345)  $549,827 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

59

 

 

Frontier Funds

Consolidated Statements of Operations

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 (unaudited)

 

   September 30,
2020
   September 30,
2019
 
         
Investment income:        
Interest - net  $12,721   $76,983 
           
Total Income   12,721    76,983 
           
Expenses:          
Incentive Fees   -    - 
Management Fees   (14,753)   (74,280)
Risk analysis Fees   (4,426)   (4,257)
Service Fees - Class 1   (483,402)   (803,038)
Due Diligence Fees   (9,111)   - 
Trading Fees   (1,057,985)   (1,727,327)
Other Fees   (83)   - 
           
Total Expenses   (1,569,760)   (2,608,902)
           
Investment income/(loss) - net   (1,557,039)   (2,531,919)
           
Realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments:          
Net realized gain/(loss) on futures, forwards and options   588,112    (1,190,910)
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (626,550)   5,748,034 
Net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (3,962,286)   (1,795,246)
Net change in open trade equity/(deficit)   (130,869)   477,877 
Net realized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   (200,052)   - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   (7,490,322)   496,204 
Net realized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   44,673    95,119 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   3,476    (69,202)
Trading commissions   (17,535)   (29,699)
           
Net gain/(loss) on investments   (11,791,353)   3,732,176 
           
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN OWNERS’ CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS  $(13,348,392)  $1,200,257 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

60

 

  

Frontier Funds

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Owners’ Capital

For the Nine Months Ending September 30, 2020 (unaudited)

 

   Managing
Owner
   Limited
Owners
   Total 
             
Owners’ Capital, December 31, 2019  $487,974   $48,068,619   $48,556,593 
                
Sale of Units (including transfers)   -    -    - 
Redemption of Units (including transfers)   (73,500)   (9,300,545)   (9,374,045)
Payment made by Related Party   -    -    - 
Payment made by Managing Owner   -    -    - 
Net increase/(decrease) in Owners’ Capital resulting from operations   (136,657)   (13,211,735)   (13,348,392)
                
Owners’ Capital, September 30, 2020  $277,817   $25,556,339   $25,834,156 

 

The consolidated Trust is not unitized as are the individual Series of the Trust

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

61

 

 

Frontier Funds

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

 

   September 30,
2020
   September 30,
2019
 
         
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:        
Net increase/(decrease) in capital resulting from operations  $(13,348,392)  $1,200,257 
Adjustments to reconcile net increase/(decrease) in capital resulting from operations to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:          
Change in:          
Net change in open trade equity   175,959    (423,373)
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on swap contracts   7,490,322    (496,204)
Net realized (gain)/loss on swap contracts   97,745    - 
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on private investment companies   615,670    (5,748,034)
Net realized (gain)/loss on private investment companies   3,962,286    1,795,246 
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on U.S. Treasury securities   (3,476)   69,202 
Net realized (gain)/loss on U.S. Treasuries securities   (44,673)   (95,119)
(Purchases) sales of:          
Sales of swap contracts   1,491,965    - 
(Purchases) of Swap Contracts   (1,447,843)   - 
Reduction of collateral in Swap contracts   1,496,127    - 
(Purchases) of U.S. Treasury securities   (9,398,221)   (12,565,977)
Sales of U.S. Treasury securities   9,989,663    16,354,416 
(Purchases) of Private Investment Companies   (11,118,853)   (23,911,368)
Sales of Private Investment Companies   19,488,768    34,330,833 
U.S. Treasury interest and premium paid/amortized   12,721    43,347 
Increase and/or decrease in:          
Receivable from futures commission merchants   1,745,358    8,394,591 
Advance on unrealized Swap Appreciation   (1,900,000)   - 
Interest receivable   12,660    104,436 
Receivable from related parties   (164,351)   (11,453)
Other assets   5,700    (558,247)
Redemptions receivable from private investment companies   70,705    - 
Incentive fees payable to Managing Owner   -    67,948 
Management fees payable to Managing Owner, net of change in receivable   108    (69,376)
Interest payable to Managing Owner   1,092    (9,609)
Trading fees payable to Managing Owner   (67,963)   (34,414)
Service fees payable to Managing Owner   (32,413)   (23,343)
Due from Managing Owner   -    (93,696)
Risk analysis fees payable   1,564    (18,133)
Payables to related parties   175,803    - 
Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates   32,951    179,798 
Other liabilities   (5,260)   17,010 
           
Net cash provided by operating activities   9,335,722    18,498,739 
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:          
           
Payment for redemption of capital   (9,374,045)   (19,938,390)
Redemptions payable   (79,403)   23 
           
Net cash used in financing activities   (9,453,448)   (19,938,367)
           
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   (117,726)   (1,439,628)
           
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period   367,568    1,729,879 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period  $249,842   $290,251 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

  

62

 

  

Frontier Funds

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

1. Organization and Purpose

 

Frontier Funds, which is referred to in this report as the “Trust”, was formed on August 8, 2003, as a Delaware statutory trust and is set to expire on December 31, 2053. The Trust is a multi-advisor commodity pool, as described in CFTC Regulation § 4.10(d)(2). The Trust has authority to issue separate Series of Units pursuant to the requirements of the Trust Act. The assets of each Series are valued and accounted for separately from the assets of other Series. The Trust is not registered as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. It is managed by the Managing Owner.

 

Purchasers of Units are Limited Owners of the Trust with respect to beneficial interests of the Series’ Units purchased. The Trust Act provides that, except as otherwise provided in the second amended and restated declaration of trust and trust agreement dated December 9, 2013, as further amended, by and among the Managing Owner, Wilmington Trust Company as trustee and the unitholders, as amended from time to time (the “Trust Agreement”), unitholders of the Trust will have the same limitation of liability as do stockholders of private corporations organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. The Trust Agreement confers substantially the same limited liability, and contains the same limited exceptions thereto, as would a limited partnership agreement for a Delaware limited partnership engaged in like transactions as the Trust. In addition, pursuant to the Trust Agreement, the Managing Owner of the Trust is liable for obligations of a Series in excess of that Series’ assets. Limited Owners do not have any such liability. The Managing Owner will make contributions to the Series of the Trust necessary to maintain at least a 1% interest in the aggregate capital, profits and losses of all Series.

 

The Trust has been organized to pool investor funds for the purpose of trading in the U.S. and international markets for currencies, interest rates, stock indices, agricultural and energy products, precious and base metals and other commodities. The Trust may also engage in futures contracts, forwards, option contracts and other interest in derivative instruments, including swap contracts.

 

The Trust has seven (7) separate and distinct Series of Units issued and outstanding: Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Global Fund, and Frontier Heritage Fund. The Trust financial statements are comprised of unitized Series which are consolidated into the Trust financial statements. However, the consolidated Trust does not issue units.

 

The Trust, with respect to each Series:

 

  engages in the speculative trading of a diversified portfolio of futures, forwards (including interbank foreign currencies), options contracts and other derivative instruments (including swap contracts), and may, from time to time, engage in cash and spot transactions;

 

  allocates funds to a limited liability trading company or companies (“Trading Company” or “Trading Companies”) and Galaxy Plus (as defined below) entities.  Except as otherwise described in these notes, each Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity has one-year renewable contracts with its own independent commodity trading advisor(s), or each, a Trading Advisor, that will manage all or a portion of such Trading Company’s and Galaxy Plus entity’s assets and make the trading decisions for the assets of each Series invested in such Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity. Each Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity will segregate its assets from any other Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity;

 

  maintains separate, distinct records for each Series, and accounts for the assets of each Series separately from the other Series;

 

  calculates the Net Asset Value (“NAV”) of its Units for each Series separately from the other Series;

 

  has an investment objective of increasing the value of each Series’ Units over the long term (capital appreciation), while managing risk and volatility; further, to offer exposure to the investment programs of individual Trading Advisors and to specific instruments;

  

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  maintains each Series of Units in three to seven sub-classes—Class 1, Class 1AP, Class 1a, Class 2, Class 2a, Class 3, and Class 3a. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund are charged a service fee of up to two percent (2.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to two percent (2.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale; provided, however, that investors who redeem all or a portion of their Class 1 or Class 1a Units of any Series during the first twelve (12) months following the effective date of their purchase are subject to a redemption fee of up to two percent (2.0%) of the purchase price at which such investor redeemed to reimburse the Managing Owner for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid initial service fee. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Global Fund  are charged a service fee of up to three percent (3.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to three percent (3.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale. With respect to Class 2 and Class 2a Units of any Series, the Managing Owner pays an ongoing service fee to selling agents of up to one half percent (0.5%) annually of the NAV of each Class 2 or Class 2a Unit (of which 0.25% will be charged to Limited Owners holding Class 2 Units of the Frontier Diversified Fund, and Frontier Masters Fund or Class 2a Units of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund sold until such Class 2 or Class 2a Units which are subject to the fee limitation are reclassified as Class 3 or Class 3a Units of the applicable Series. Class 1AP was created as a sub-class of Class 1 and it has been presented separately because the fees applicable to it are different from those applicable to Class 1. Currently the service fee is not charged to Class 1AP investors. The Managing Owner may also pay selling agents certain additional fees and expenses for administrative and other services rendered and expenses incurred by such selling agents; and

 

  all payments made to selling agents who are members of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) and their associated persons that constitute underwriting compensation will be subject to the limitations set forth in Rule 2310(b)(4)(B)(ii) (formerly Rule 2810(b)(4)(B)(ii)) of the Conduct Rules of FINRA (“Rule 2310”). An investor’s Class 1 Units or Class 2 Units of any Series, or Class 1a Units or Class 2a Units of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund or Frontier Balanced Fund will be classified as Class 3 or Class 3a Units of such Series, as applicable, when the Managing Owner determines that the fee limitation set forth in Rule 2310 with respect to such Units has been reached or will be reached. The service fee limit applicable to each unit sold is reached upon the earlier of when (i) the aggregate initial and ongoing service fees received by the selling agent with respect to such unit equals 9% of the purchase price of such unit or (ii) the aggregate underwriting compensation (determined in accordance with FINRA Rule 2310) paid in respect of such unit totals 10% of the purchase price of such unit. No service fees are paid with respect to Class 3 or Class 3a Units. Units of any Class in a Series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, on a daily basis, at the then current NAV per Unit for such Series on the day of the week after the date the Managing Owner is in receipt of a redemption request for at least one (1) business day to be received by the Managing Owner prior to 4:00 PM in New York.

 

The assets of any particular Series include only those funds and other assets that are paid to, held by or distributed to the Trust on account of and for the benefit of that Series. Under the “Inter-Series Limitation on Liability” expressly provided for under Section 3804(a) of the Trust Act, separate and distinct records of the cash and equivalents, although pooled for maximizing returns, are maintained in the books and records of each Series.

 

As of September 30, 2020, the Trust, with respect to the Frontier Diversified Fund and Frontier Masters Fund, separates Units into three separate Classes—Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3. The Trust, with respect to the Frontier Select Fund Frontier Global Fund and Frontier Heritage Fund, separates Units into a maximum of three separate Classes—Class 1, Class 2 and Class 1AP. The Trust, with respect to the Frontier Balanced Fund, separates Units into a maximum of five separate Classes—Class 1, Class 1AP, Class 2, Class 2A and Class 3A. The Trust, with respect to the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, separates Units into a maximum of five separate Classes—Class 1A, Class 2A, Class 2, Class 3A and Class 3. Between April 15, 2016 and May 10, 2017, a portion of the interests in Frontier Trading Company I, LLC and all of the interests in Frontier Trading Company VII, LLC, Frontier Trading Company XV, LLC, and Frontier Trading Company XXIII LLC held by Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Balanced Fund and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund were exchanged for equivalent interests in the Galaxy Plus Managed Account Platform (“Galaxy Plus”) which is an unaffiliated, third-party managed account platform. The assets of Frontier Trading Company I, LLC, which included exposure to Quantmetrics Capital Management LLP’s Multi-Strategy Program, Quantitative Investment Management, LLC’s Quantitative Global Program, Quest Partners LLC’s Quest Tracker Index Program, Chesapeake Capital Management, LLC’s Diversified Program, and Doherty Advisors LLC’s Relative Value Moderate Program, the assets of Frontier Trading Company VII, LLC, which included exposure to Emil van Essen LLC’s Multi-Strategy Program, Rosetta Capital Management, LLC’s Rosetta Trading Program, and Landmark Trading Company’s Landmark Program, the assets of Frontier Trading Company XV, LLC, which included exposure to Transtrend B.V.’s TT Enhanced Risk (USD) Program, and the assets of Frontier Trading Company XXIII, LLC which included exposure to Fort L.P.’s Global Contrarian Program have been transferred to individual Delaware limited liability companies (“Master Funds”) in Galaxy Plus. Each Master Fund is sponsored and operated by Gemini Alternative Funds, LLC (“Sponsor”). The Sponsor has contracted with the Trading Advisors to manage the portfolios of the Master Funds pursuant to the advisors’ respective program. For those Series that invest in Galaxy Plus entities, approximately 30-70% of those Series assets are used to support the margin requirements of the Master Funds. The remaining assets of the Series are split between investments in Trading Companies and a pooled cash management account that invests primarily in U.S. Treasury securities. For those Series that do not invest in Galaxy Plus entities, their assets are split between investments in Trading Companies and investments in the pooled cash management account.

  

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As of September 30, 2020, Frontier Global Fund has invested a portion of its assets in a single Trading Company, and a single Trading Advisor manages 100% of the assets invested in such Trading Company. Each of the remaining Series has invested a portion of its assets in several different Trading Companies or Galaxy Plus entities and one or more Trading Advisors may manage the assets invested in such Trading Companies or Galaxy Plus entities.

 

The Trust has entered into agreements, which provide for the indemnification of futures clearing brokers, currency trading companies, and commodity trading advisers, among others, against losses, costs, claims and liabilities arising from the performance of their individual obligations under such agreements, except for gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct.

 

2. Significant Accounting Policies

 

The following are the significant accounting policies of the Trust.

 

Basis of Presentation—The Trust follows U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”), as established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”), to ensure consistent reporting of financial condition, condensed schedules of investments, results of operations, changes in capital and cash flows. The Trust is an investment company following accounting and reporting guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 946.

 

Consolidation— The Series, through investing in the Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities, authorize certain Trading Advisors to place trades and manage assets at predetermined investment levels. The Trading Companies were organized by the Managing Owner for the purpose of investing in commodities interests and derivative instruments, and have no operating income or expenses, except for trading income and expenses and a risk analysis fee (for closed Series only), all of which is allocated to the Series, if consolidated by a Series. Galaxy Plus is a series of Delaware limited liability companies, sponsored by Gemini Alternative Funds, LLC, that create exposure to a variety of third-party professional managed futures and foreign exchange advisors. Galaxy Plus is available to qualified high-net-worth individuals and institutional investors. Investment interests in Galaxy Plus entities are accounted for using net asset value as the practical expedient, which approximates fair value. Fair value represents the proportionate share of the Trust’s interest in the NAV in the Galaxy Plus entities. The equity interest held by Trust is shown as investments in private investment companies in the statements of financial condition. The income or loss attributable thereto in proportion to of the investment level of the private investment companies is shown in the statements of operations as net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies. The Trading Companies and Series of the Trust are consolidated by the Trust. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

Galaxy Plus entities are co-mingled investment vehicles. In addition to the Trust, there are other non-affiliated investors in Galaxy Plus entities. Subscriptions and redemptions by these non-affiliated investors will have a direct impact on the Trust’s ownership percentage in Galaxy Plus entities. It is expected that ownership percentage will fluctuate (sometimes significantly) on a week by week basis which could also result in frequent changes in the consolidating Series. Such fluctuations make consolidating the financial statements of the Galaxy Plus entities both impractical and misleading. Non-consolidation of these Galaxy Plus entities presents a more useful financial statement for the readers. As such, management has decided that presenting Galaxy Plus entities on a non-consolidated basis as investments in other investments companies (a “fund of funds” approach) is appropriate and preferable to the users of these financial statements. Refer to Note 5 for additional disclosures related to these private investment companies.

  

Change in Consolidation Method—In February 2017, the Trust elected to change its method by which it consolidates its investments in the Galaxy Plus entities and applied to its December 31, 2016 financial statements. Prior to the change, any Series that had a controlling interest in a Galaxy Plus entity would consolidate the assets and liabilities of that entity into its Statement of Financial Condition and the profit and loss into the Statement of Operations. The Managing Owner believes that this treatment does not provide meaningful data to the end user of the financial statements. As such, all investments in Galaxy Plus entities are accounted for using the net asset value as the practical expedient. In accordance with ASC 250 (Accounting Changes and Error Corrections), the comparative financial statements as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 have been adjusted to apply the new method retrospectively. This will impact management fees, incentive fees (rebate), net realized gain/(loss) on futures, forwards and options, net change in open trade equity/(deficit), net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies, net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies, and operations attributable to non-controlling interests on the Statement of Operations. We also note that there is no impact to total capital or net increase/(decrease) in capital resulting from operations attributable to controlling interests.

 

Use of Estimates—The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP may require the Managing Owner to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The valuation of swap contracts requires significant estimates as well as the valuation of certain other investments. Please refer to Note 3 for discussion of valuation methodology. Actual results could differ from these estimates and such differences could be material.

 

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Cash and Cash Equivalents—Cash and cash equivalents include cash and overnight investments in interest-bearing demand deposits held at banks with original maturities of three months or less. This cash is not restricted.

 

Interest Income—U.S. Treasury Securities are pooled for purposes of maximizing returns on these assets to investors of all Series. Interest income from pooled cash management assets is recognized on the accrual basis and allocated daily to each Series based upon its daily proportion of ownership of the pool. Aggregate interest income from all sources, including U.S. Treasuries and assets held at an FCM of up to two percentage points of the aggregate percentage yield (annualized) of net asset value less any fair market value related to swaps, is paid to the Managing Owner by the Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1, and Class 2 only), Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 2 and Class 3), Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Global Fund and Frontier Heritage Fund. For the Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 1a, Class 2a and Class 3a), Frontier Masters Fund and Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1AP, Class 2a and Class 3a), 100% of the interest is retained by the respective Series. All interest not paid to the Managing Owner is interest income to the relevant Series, and shown net on the statement of operations.

 

U.S. Treasury Securities—U.S. Treasury Securities are reported at fair value as Level 1 inputs under ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”). The Trust values U.S. Treasury Securities at fair value and records the daily change in value in the consolidated statements of operations as net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities. Accrued interest is reported on the consolidated statements of financial condition as interest receivable.

 

Receivable from Futures Commission Merchants—The Trust deposits assets with an FCM subject to CFTC regulations and various exchange and broker requirements. Margin requirements are satisfied by the deposit of cash with such FCM. The Trust earns interest income on its assets deposited with the FCM. A portion of the receivable is restricted cash required to meet maintenance margin requirements. Cash with the clearing broker as of September 2020 and December 31, 2019 included restricted cash for margin requirements of $2,313,859 and $2,890,330, respectively, for the Frontier Trading Company I LLC.

 

Investment Transactions—Futures, options on futures, forward and swap contracts are recorded on a trade date basis and realized gains or losses are recognized when contracts are settled. Unrealized gains or losses on open contracts (the difference between contract trade price and market price) are reported in the consolidated statements of financial condition as a net unrealized gain or loss, as there exists a right of offset of unrealized gains or losses in accordance with FASB ASC 210, Balance Sheet (“ASC 210”) and Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2013-01, Balance Sheet (Topic 210).

 

Any change in net unrealized gain or loss from the preceding period is reported in the consolidated statements of operations. Fair value of exchange-traded contracts is based upon exchange settlement prices. Fair value of non-exchange-traded contracts is based on third-party quoted dealer values on the interbank market. For U.S. Treasury securities, interest was recognized in the period earned and the instruments were marked-to-market daily based on third-party information. Transaction costs are recognized as incurred and reflected separately in the consolidated statements of operations.

 

Purchase and Sales of Private Investment Companies – The Trust is able to subscribe into and redeem from the Galaxy Plus entities on a weekly basis. The value of the private investment companies is determined by the Sponsor and reported on a daily basis. The change in value is calculated as the difference between the total purchase proceeds and the fair value calculated by the Sponsor and is recorded as net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the statements of operations.

 

Foreign Currency Transactions—The Series of the Trust’s functional currency is the U.S. dollar; however, they transact business in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The Series of the Trust do not isolate that portion of the results of operations resulting from changes in foreign exchange rates on investments from fluctuations arising from changes in market prices of securities held. Such fluctuations are included with the net realized or unrealized gain or loss from investments.

 

Allocation of Earnings—Each Series of the Trust may maintain three to seven classes of Units—Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, Class 1a, Class 2a, Class 3a and Class 1AP. All classes have identical voting, dividend, liquidation and other rights and the same terms and conditions, except that fees charged to a Class or Series differ as described below. Revenues, expenses (other than expenses attributable to a specific class), and realized and unrealized trading gains and losses of each Series are allocated daily to Class 1, Class 1a, Class 2, Class 2a, Class 3, Class 3a and Class 1AP Units based on each Class’ respective owners’ capital balances as applicable to the classes maintained by the Series.

 

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Each Series allocates funds to an affiliated Trading Company, or Companies, of the Trust, or unaffiliated Galaxy Plus entity. Each Trading Company allocates all of its daily trading gains or losses to the Series in proportion to each Series’ ownership trading level interest in the Trading Company, adjusted on a daily basis (except for Trading Advisors and other investments such as swaps that are directly allocated to a specific series). Likewise, trading gains and losses earned and incurred by the Series through their investments in Galaxy Plus entities are allocated to those Series on a daily basis. The allocation of gains and losses in Galaxy Plus entities are based on each Series pro-rata shares of the trading level of that entity which is updated at the beginning of each month or more frequently if there is a subscription or redemption activity in the entity. The value of all open contracts and cash held at clearing brokers is similarly allocated to the Series in proportion to each Series’ funds allocated to the Trading Companies or Galaxy Plus entities.

  

Investments and Swaps—The Trust records investment transactions on a trade date basis and all investments are recorded at fair value, with changes in fair value reported as a component of realized and unrealized gains/(losses) on investments in the statements of operations. Investments in private investment companies are valued utilizing the net asset values as a practical expedient. Certain Series of the Trust strategically invest a portion or all of their assets in total return swaps, selected at the discretion of the Managing Owner. Swaps are privately negotiated contracts designed to provide investment returns linked to those produced by one or more underlying investment products or indices. In a typical swap, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on one or more particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount” (i.e., the amount of value of the underlying asset used in computing the particular interest rate, return, or other amount to be exchanged) in a particular investment, or in a “basket” of securities. The valuation of swap contracts requires significant estimates. Swap contracts are reported at fair value based upon daily reports from the counterparty. The Managing Owner reviews, compares and approves current day pricing of the CTA positions, as received from the counterparty which includes intra-day volatility and volume and daily index performance, that is used to determine a daily fair value NAV for the swap contracts.

 

Income Taxes—The Trust applies the provisions of ASC 740 Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), which provides guidance for how uncertain tax positions should be recognized, measured, presented and disclosed in the financial statements. This interpretation also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods and disclosure. ASC 740 requires the evaluation of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing the Trust’s financial statements to determine whether the tax positions are “more-likely-than-not” of being sustained by the applicable tax authority. Tax positions with respect to tax at the Trust’s level not deemed to meet the “more-likely-than-not” threshold would be recorded as a tax benefit or expense in the current year. The Managing Owner has concluded there is no tax expense, interest or penalties to be recorded by the Trust for the quarter ended September 30, 2020. The 2016 through 2019 tax years generally remain subject to examination by U.S. federal and most state tax authorities.

 

In the opinion of the Managing Owner, (i) the Trust is treated as a partnership for Federal income tax purposes and, assuming that at least 90% of the gross income of the Trust constitutes “qualifying income” within the meaning of Section 7704(d) of the Code, (ii) the Trust is not a publicly traded partnership treated as a corporation, and (iii) the discussion set forth in the Prospectus under the heading “U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences” correctly summarizes the material Federal income tax consequences as of the date of the Prospectus to potential U.S. Limited Owners of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Series Units of the Trust.

 

Fees and Expenses—All management fees, incentive fees, service fees, risk analysis fees (for closed Series only) and trading fees of the Trust are paid to the Managing Owner. It is the responsibility of the Managing Owner to pay all Trading Advisor management and incentive fees, selling agent service fees and all other operating expenses and continuing offering costs of the Trust. Only management fees and incentive fees related to assets allocated through Trading Companies are included in expense on the Statement of Operations. The Series are all charged management and incentive fees on the asset allocated through the Galaxy Plus entities. Those fees are included in unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the Statements of Operations. The Series are also charged management and incentive fees on assets allocated to swaps. Such fees are embedded in the fair value of the swap and are included in net unrealized gain (loss) on swap contracts on the Statement of Operations.

 

Incentive Fee (rebate)—The Managing Owner is allowed to share in the incentive fees earned by the commodity trading advisors up to 10% of new net profits. If the Managing Owner’s share of the incentive fee exceeds 10% of new net profits during the period, then the Managing Owner is obligated to return any amount in excess. The returned amounts are recorded as Incentive Fee (Rebate) on the Statements of Operations.

  

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Service Fees—The Trust may maintain each Series of Units in three to seven sub-classes—Class 1, Class 1AP, Class 1a, Class 2, Class 2a, Class 3, and Class 3a. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund are charged a service fee of up to two percent (2.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to two percent (2.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale; provided, however, that investors who redeem all or a portion of their Class 1 and Class 1a Units of any Series during the first twelve (12) months following the effective date of their purchase are subject to a redemption fee of up to two percent (2.0%) of the purchase price at which such investor redeemed to reimburse the Managing Owner for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid initial service fee. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Global Fund are charged a service fee of up to three percent (3.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to three percent (3.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale; provided, however, that investors who redeem all or a portion of their Class 1 and Class 1a Units of any Series during the first twelve (12) months following the effective date of their purchase are subject to a redemption fee of up to three percent (3.0%) of the purchase price at which such investor redeemed to reimburse the Managing Owner for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid initial service fee. With respect to Class 2 and Class 2a Units of any Series, the Managing Owner pays an ongoing service fee to selling agents of up to one half percent (0.5%) annually of the NAV of each Class 2 or Class 2a Unit (of which 0.25% will be charged to Limited Owners holding Class 2 Units of the Frontier Diversified Fund and Frontier Masters Fund or Class 2a Units of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund sold) until such Class 2 or Class 2a Units which are subject to the fee limitation are reclassified as Class 3 or Class 3a Units of the applicable Series for administrative purposes. Currently the service fee is not charged to Class 1AP investors. The Managing Owner may also pay selling agents certain additional fees and expenses for administrative and other services rendered and expenses incurred by such selling agents.

 

Each Series is charged service fees as outlined above. In some cases, amounts paid to selling agents might be less than the amount charged to the Series. When this occurs, the service fee is rebated back to the investor in the form of additional units. During 2017, 2018 and 2019, the Series were not allowed to issue additional units. The Managing Owner has determined that the purchase of additional units of the relevant Series will commence in 2020 at such time as the Series are allowed to sell shares again. As such, the Managing Owner has calculated the amounts for additional units of the relevant series which will be purchased and classified such amounts as Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates of $598,042 and $630,993 as of December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2020, respectively.

 

These service fees are part of the offering costs of the Trust, which include registration and filing fees, legal and blue1 sky expenses, accounting and audit, printing, marketing support and other offering costs which are borne by the Managing Owner. With respect to the service fees, the initial service fee (for the first 12 months) relating to a purchase of Class 1 and Class 1a Units by an investor is prepaid by the Managing Owner to the relevant selling agent in the month following such purchase and is reimbursed for such payment by the Series monthly in arrears in an amount based upon a corresponding percentage of NAV, calculated daily. Consequently, the Managing Owner bears the risk of the downside and enjoys the benefit of the upside potential of any difference between the amount of the initial service fee prepaid by it and the amount of the reimbursement thereof, which may result from variations in NAV over the following 12 months.

  

Pending Owner Additions—Funds received for new subscriptions and for additions to existing owner interests are recorded as capital additions at the NAV per unit of the second business day following receipt.

 

Owner redemptions payable—Funds payable for existing owner redemption requests are recorded as capital subtractions at the NAV per unit on the second business day following receipt or request.

 

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements—In August 2018, FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”). The primary focus of ASU 2018-13 is to improve the effectiveness of the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The changes affect all companies that are required to include fair value measurement disclosures. In general, the amendments in ASU 2018-13 are effective for all entities for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. An entity is permitted to early adopt the removed or modified disclosures upon the issuance of ASU 2018-13 and may delay adoption of the additional disclosures, which are required for public companies only, until their effective date. Management is currently evaluating the impacts ASU 2018-13 will have on the financial statements

 

Subsequent Events—The Trust follows the provisions of ASC 855, Subsequent Events, which establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date and up through the date the financial statements are issued. Refer to Note 11.

  

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3. Fair Value Measurements

 

In connection with the valuation of investments the Trust applies ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820”). ASC 820 provides clarification that when a quoted price in an active market for the identical asset or liability is not available, a reporting entity is required to measure fair value using certain techniques. ASC 820 also clarifies that when estimating the fair value of an asset or liability, a reporting entity is not required to include a separate input or adjustment to other inputs relating to the existence of a restriction that prevents the transfer of an asset or liability. ASC 820 also clarifies that both a quoted price in an active market for the identical asset or liability at the measurement date and the quoted price for the identical asset or liability when traded as an asset in an active market when no adjustments to the quoted price of the asset are required are Level 1 fair value measurements.

 

Level 1 Inputs

 

Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical financial assets that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.

 

Level 2 Inputs

 

Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the financial assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly. These might include quoted prices for similar financial assets in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar financial assets in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the financial assets or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by market data by correlation or other means.

 

Level 3 Inputs

 

Unobservable inputs for determining the fair value of financial assets that reflect an entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the financial asset.

 

The Trust uses the following methodologies to value instruments within its financial asset portfolio at fair value:

 

Trading Securities. These instruments include U.S. Treasury securities and open trade equity positions (futures contracts) that are actively traded on public markets with quoted pricing for corroboration. U.S. Treasury securities and futures contracts are reported at fair value using Level 1 inputs. Trading securities instruments further include open trade equity positions (trading options and currency forwards) that are quoted prices for identical or similar assets that are not traded on active markets. Trading options and currency forwards are reported at fair value using Level 2 inputs.

  

Swap Contracts. Certain Series of the Trust strategically invest a portion or all of their assets in total return swaps, selected at the direction of the Managing Owner. Swaps are privately negotiated contracts designed to provide investment returns linked to those produced by one or more investment products or indices. In a typical swap, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on one or more particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount” (i.e., the amount of value of the underlying asset used in computing the particular interest rate, return, or other amount to be exchanged) in a particular investment, or in a “basket” of securities.

 

Swap contracts are reported at fair value.  Valuation reports are generated and disseminated daily from the swap counterparty to the third-party administrator.  The fair value is applied by the third-party administrator to calculate the daily performance.  The Managing Owner reviews the third-party administrator’s performance reports and any noticeable exceptions are investigated.  Unexplained exceptions are escalated to the Managing Owner’s Valuation Committee for further evaluation and resolution.  Swap contracts are reported at fair value using Level 3 inputs.

 

Investments in Private Investment Companies. Investments in private investment companies are valued utilizing the net asset values provided by the underlying private investment companies as a practical expedient. Each Series applies the practical expedient to its investments in private investment companies on an investment-by-investment basis, and consistently with the Series’ entire position in a particular investment, unless it is probable that the Series will sell a portion of an investment at an amount different from the net asset value of the investment. The private investment companies are excluded from the fair value hierarchy table below.

  

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The following table summarizes the instruments that comprise the Trust’s financial asset portfolio, in aggregate, measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2020 and December 31,2019, segregated by the level of valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value:

 

September 30, 2020  Level 1
Inputs
   Level 2
Inputs
   Level 3
Inputs
   Fair Value 
Open Trade Equity (Deficit)  $(59,775)  $    -   $-   $(59,775)
Swap Contracts   -    -    12,451,549    12,451,549 
U.S. Treasury Securities   105,594    -    -    105,594 

 

December 31, 2019  Level 1
Inputs
   Level 2
Inputs
   Level 3
Inputs
   Fair Value 
Open Trade Equity (Deficit)  $57,056   $59,128   $-   $116,184 
Swap Contracts   -    -    21,579,865    21,579,865 
U.S. Treasury Securities   650,728    -    -    650,728 

 

The changes in Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized in the following tables. Swap contract asset gains and losses (realized/unrealized) included in earnings are classified in “realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments – net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts” on the statements of operations.

 

For the nine months ending September 30, 2020

  

   For the Nine Months ended September 30,
2020
 
     
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of January 1, 2020   21,579,865 
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):     
Included in earnings-realized   (97,744)
Included in earnings-unrealized   (7,490,322)
Proceeds from collateral reduction   (2,474,938)
Purchase of investments   934,688 
Sale of investments   - 
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3   - 
      
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of September 30, 2020   12,451,549 

 

For the year end December 31, 2019

 

   For the Year
ended
December 31,
2019
 
     
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of January 1, 2019   20,149,868 
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):     
Included in earnings-realized   - 
Included in earnings-unrealized   1,429,997 
Proceeds from collateral reduction   - 
Purchase of investments   - 
Sale of investments   - 
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3   - 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of December 31, 2019   21,579,865 

 

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The Trust assesses the levels of the investments at each measurement date, and transfers between levels are recognized on the actual date of the event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer in accordance with the Trust’s accounting policy regarding the recognition of transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy. During the three months ended September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Trust did not transfer any assets between Levels 1, 2 and 3.

 

The total change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in the statements of operations attributable to level 3 investments still held at September 30, 2020: Swaps $(7,490,322).

 

The total change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in the statements of operations attributable to level 3 investments still held at December 31, 2019: Swaps $1,429,997.

 

4. Swap Contracts

 

In addition to authorizing Trading Advisors to manage predetermined investment levels of futures and forward contracts, certain Series of the Trust will strategically invest a portion or all of their assets in total return swaps, selected at the direction of the Managing Owner. Total return swaps are privately negotiated contracts designed to provide investment returns linked to those produced by one or more investment products or indices. In a typical total return swap, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on one or more particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount” (i.e., the amount or value of the underlying asset used in computing the particular interest rate, return, or other amount to be exchanged) in a particular investment, or in a “basket” of securities.

 

The Trust’s investment in swaps will likely differ substantially over time due to cash flows, portfolio management decisions and market movements. The swaps serve to diversify the investment holdings of the Trust and to provide access to programs and advisors that would not be otherwise available to the Trust and are not used for hedging purposes.

 

The Managing Owner follows a procedure in selecting well-established financial institutions which the Managing Owner, in its sole discretion, considers to be reputable, reliable, financially responsible and well established to act as swap counterparties. The procedure includes due diligence review of documentation on all new and existing financial institution counterparties prior to initiation of the relationship, and quarterly ongoing review during the relationship, to ensure that counterparties meet the Managing Owner’s minimum credit requirements, the counterparty average rating being no less than an investment grade rating as defined by the rating agencies. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, approximately 6.39% or $1,649,793 and 2.4% or $1,177,400, respectively, of the Trust’s assets were deposited with over-the-counter counterparties in order to initiate and maintain swaps and is recorded as swap contracts, at fair value on the Statements of Financial Condition of the Trust. This cash held with the counterparty is not restricted.

 

The Trust strategically invests assets in one or more swaps linked to certain underlying investments or indices at the direction of the Managing Owner. The Trading Company in which the assets of the Trust will be invested will not own any of the investments or indices referenced by any swap entered into by the Trust. In addition, neither the swap counterparty nor any advisor referenced by any such swap is a Trading Advisor to the Trust.

 

To help to reduce counterparty risk on the Series, the Managing Owner has the right to reduce the Series’ exposure and remove cash from the Series’ total return swaps with Deutsche Bank AG. The Series are charged interest on cash holdings and any amount removed will be offset against the final settlement value of the swap. As of September 30, 2020, the XXXIV Balanced select swap, the XXXV Diversified select swap and the XXXVII Long/Short select swap had $6,176,555, $4,000,000 and $115,000, respectively, in cash holdings as shown in the Series’ Statements of Financial Conditions under advance on unrealized swap appreciation, which relates to the Trading Companies’ total return swaps with Deutsche Bank AG.

  

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The Trust had invested in the following swaps as of and for the three months ended September 30, 2020:

 

   XXXIV
Balanced
select swap
   XXXV
Diversified
select swap
   XXXVII L/S
select swap
 
   Total Return
Swap
   Total Return
Swap
   Total Return
Swap
 
Counterparty  Deutsche Bank
AG
   Deutsche Bank
AG
   Deutsche Bank
AG
 
Notional Amount  $7,420,403   $1,761,834   $653,610 
Termination Date   7/31/2023    7/31/2023    7/31/2023 
Cash Collateral  $1,264,696   $355,147   $29,950 
Swap Value  $6,054,724   $4,198,708   $548,324 
Investee Returns   Total Returns    Total Returns    Total Returns 
Realized Gain/(Loss)  $0   $0   $0 
Change in Unrealized Gain/(Loss)  $(5,804,030)  $(2,099,874)  $215,753 
Fair Value as of September 30, 2020  $7,319,420   $4,553,855   $578,274 
Advance on swap appreciation  $(6,176,555)  $(4,000,000)  $(115,000)

 

The Trust had invested in the following swaps as of and for the year ended December 31, 2019:

 

   XXXIV
Balanced
select swap
   XXXV
Diversified
select swap
   XXXVII L/S
select swap
   Brevan
Howard
 
   Total Return
Swap
   Total Return
Swap
   Total Return
Swap
   Total Return
Swap
 
Counterparty  Deutsche Bank
AG
   Deutsche Bank
AG
   Deutsche Bank
AG
   Deutsche Bank
AG
 
Notional Amount  $7,420,403   $1,761,834   $653,610   $2,072,056 
Termination Date   7/31/2023    7/31/2023    7/31/2023    3/27/2023 
Cash Collateral  $86,000   $86,000   $29,950   $975,450 
Swap Value  $11,858,754   $6,298,583   $332,571   $1,912,559 
Investee Returns   Total Returns    Total Returns    Total Returns    Total Returns 
Realized Gain/(Loss)  $0   $0   $0   $0 
Change in Unrealized Gain/(Loss)  $1,149,846   $464,169   $(116,581)  $(67,435)
Fair Value as of December 31, 2019  $11,944,754   $6,384,583   $362,521   $2,888,009 
Advance on swap appreciation  $(6,176,555)  $(4,000,000)  $(115,000)  $(1,900,000)

 

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5. Investments in Private Investment Companies

 

Investments in private investment companies represent cash and open trade equity invested in the private investment companies as well as the cumulative trading profits or losses allocated to the Trust by the private investment companies. Private investment companies allocate trading profits or losses on the basis of the proportion of the Trust’s capital allocated for trading to each respective private investment company, which bears no relationship to the amount of cash invested by the Trust in the private investment companies. Investments in private investment companies are valued using the NAV provided by the underlying private investment.

 

The Galaxy Plus structure is made up of feeder funds in which the Trust invests and master trading entities into which the feeder funds invest. No investment held by a Galaxy Plus master trading entity is greater than 5% of the Trust’s total capital.

 

The following table summarizes the Trust’s equity in earnings from each of the private investment companies during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:

 

Three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 

 

   Three Months Ended September, 2020   Three Months Ended September, 2019 
   Trading   Realized   Change in Unrealized   Net Income   Trading   Realized   Change in Unrealized   Net Income 
   Commissions   Gain/(Loss)   Gain/(Loss)   (Loss)   Commissions   Gain/(Loss)   Gain/(Loss)   (Loss) 
                                 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (8,130)  $(813,198)  $109,718   $(711,610)  $(196,670)  $2,747,191   $(1,491,935)  $1,058,586 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   -    -    (447)   (447)   (8,166)   (13,867)   84,283    62,250 
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   -    -    (11,450)   (11,450)   (90,647)   4,938,413    (6,160,328)   (1,312,562)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   (6,896)   (5,199)   (51,941)   (64,036)   (36,346)   848,094    (336,236)   475,512 
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   (306)   40,222    (86,248)   (46,332)   -    -    30,202    30,202 
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   (980)   (235,964)   59,500    (177,444)   (44,377)   (129,980)   (114,542)   (288,899)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   -    -    -    -    -    -    (3,220)   (3,220)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   (5,945)   (46,444)   35,561    (16,828)   (11,760)   95,455    (153,337)   (69,642)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest FIT Feeder Fund (535) LLC   -    -    (80,092)   (80,092)   -    -    -    - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   -    -    (3,765)   (3,765)   (26,807)   317,027    (159,354)   130,866 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (22,934)   236,216    (122,312)   90,970    (87,340)   1,686,080    (834,730)   764,010 
Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC)   (2,283)   (708,548)   (322,966)   (1,033,797)   -    -    -    - 
                                         
Total   (47,474)  $(1,532,915)  $(474,442)  $(2,054,831)  $(502,113)  $10,488,413   $(9,139,197)  $847,103 

 

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Nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

  

   Nine Months Ended September, 2020   Nine Months Ended September, 2019 
   Trading   Realized   Change in Unrealized   Net Income   Trading   Realized   Change in Unrealized   Net 
   Commissions   Gain/(Loss)   Gain/(Loss)   (Loss)   Commissions   Gain/(Loss)   Gain/(Loss)   Income 
                                 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC  $(29,821)  $(771,155)  $(19,372)  $(820,348)  $(465,857)  $5,447,312   $(914,542)  $4,066,913 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   (3,500)   (95,347)   41,225    (57,622)   (40,134)   60,251    (43,518)   (23,401)
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (13,005)   (1,475,050)   164,351    (1,323,704)   (492,581)   2,466,705    (5,886,966)   (3,912,842)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   (34,000)   (531,301)   217,203    (348,098)   (76,080)   2,951,928    (468,197)   2,407,651 
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   (1,789)   (453,267)   (136,072)   (591,128)   -    -    604,541    604,541 
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   (13,376)   (1,148,018)   156,838    (1,004,556)   (129,574)   (1,640,024)   184,551    (1,585,047)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   -    -    -    -    (38,565)   34,869    (131,955)   (135,651)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   (9,160)   63,905    (13,198)   41,547    (26,494)   186,607    (112,356)   47,757 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest FIT Feeder Fund (535) LLC   -    -    (80,092)   (80,092)   -    -    (80,033)   (80,033)
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   (7,243)   (321,982)   (47,177)   (376,402)   (110,171)   791,527    (315,802)   365,554 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (54,483)   1,758,472    (443,728)   1,260,261    (292,530)   3,986,110    (1,534,853)   2,158,727 
Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC)   (2,283)   (708,548)   (322,966)   (1,033,797)   -    -    -    - 
                                         
Total  $(168,660)  $(3,682,291)  $(482,988)  $(4,333,939)  $(1,671,986)  $14,285,285   $(8,699,130)  $3,914,169 

 

The Trust’s investments in private investment companies have certain redemption and liquidity restrictions which are described in the following table:

 

    Redemptions   Redemptions   Liquidity
    Notice Period   Permitted   Restrictions
             
Frontier Funds            
Multi-Strategy            
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC    24 hours    Daily    None
Galaxy Plus Fund - JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC)    24 hours    Daily    None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC    24 hours    Daily    None
Trend Following            
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC    24 hours    Daily    None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC    24 hours    Daily    None
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC    24 hours    Daily    None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC    24 hours    Daily    None

  

Effective July 20, 2020, Doherty Advisors, LLC accessed through Galaxy Plus Fund – Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC ceased to act as a commodity trading advisor to the Trust.

 

Effective August 1, 2020, John Locke Investments SA accessed through Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC became a new commodity trading advisor for Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Select Fund and Frontier Masters Fund.

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6. Transactions with Affiliates

 

The Managing Owner contributes funds to the Trust in order to have a 1% interest in the aggregate capital, profits and losses and in return will receive units designated as general units in the Series of the Trust in which the Managing Owner invests such funds. The general units may only be purchased by the Managing Owner and may be subject to no advisory fees or management advisory fees at reduced rates. Otherwise, the general units hold the same rights as the limited units. The Managing Owner is required to maintain at least a 1% interest (“Minimum Purchase Commitment”) in the aggregate capital, profits and losses of the Trust so long as it is acting as the Managing Owner of the Trust. Such contribution was made by the Managing Owner before trading commenced for the Trust and will be maintained throughout the existence of the Trust, and the Managing Owner will make such purchases as are necessary to effect this requirement. Additionally, the Managing Owner agreed with certain regulatory bodies to maintain a 1% interest specifically in the Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1AP Units and Frontier Balanced Fund Class 2a Units, aggregated, and each of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, Frontier Diversified Fund, and Frontier Masters Fund. The 1% interest in these specific Series of the Trust is included in computing the Minimum Purchase Commitment in aggregate capital. In addition to the general units the Managing Owner receives in respect of its Minimum Purchase Commitment, the Managing Owner may purchase limited units in any Series as a Limited Owner. Principals of the Managing Owner or affiliates are allowed to own beneficial interests in the Trust, as well. All units purchased by the Managing Owner are held for investment purposes only and not for resale. The Managing Owner may make purchases or redemptions at any time on the same terms as any Limited Owner. The Trust has and will continue to have certain relationships with the Managing Owner and its affiliates. 

 

Expenses

 

Management Fees—Each Series of Units pays to the Managing Owner a monthly management fee equal to a percentage of the notional assets of such Series allocated to Trading Companies, calculated on a daily basis. The percentage basis of the fees varies and are in line with the amounts being disclosed below. In addition, the Managing Owner receives a monthly management equal to a certain percentage of the assets in the Galaxy Plus entities attributable to such Series’ (including notional assets), calculated on a monthly basis. The management fees attributable to Galaxy Plus entities are included in unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the Statements of Operations. The total amount of assets of a Series allocated to Trading Advisors and/or reference programs, including (i) actual funds deposited in accounts directed by the Trading Advisors or deposited as margin in respect of swaps or other derivative instruments referencing a reference program plus (ii) any notional equity allocated to the Trading Advisors and any reference programs, is referred to herein as the “notional assets” of the Series. The annual rate of the management fee is: 0.5% for the Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1 and Class 2, 1.0% for the Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1AP, Class 2a and Class 3a, 2.0% for the Frontier Global Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 1a, Class 2a and Class 3a and Frontier Masters Fund, 0.75% for Frontier Diversified Fund, 2.5% for the Frontier Heritage Fund and Frontier Select Fund, and 3.5% for the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 2 and Class 3. The Managing Owner may pay all or a portion of such management fees to the Trading Advisor(s) and/or waive (up to the percentage specified) any such management fee to the extent any related management fee is paid by a trading company or estimated management fee is embedded in a swap or other derivative instrument. Any management fee embedded in a swap or other derivative instrument may be greater or less than the management fee that would otherwise be charged to the Series by the Managing Owner. As of the date of this report, for a Series that has invested in a swap, the Managing Owner or Trading Advisor(s) do not receive any management fees directly from the Series for such swap, and instead the relevant Trading Advisor receives compensation via the fees embedded in the swap. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the range of management fees embedded based on fair value of swaps in (i) swaps owned by Frontier Diversified Fund was 1.00% per annum, (ii) swaps owned by Frontier Balanced Fund was 1.00% per annum, (iii) swaps owned by Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was 1.50% per annum, and (iv) swaps owned by Frontier Heritage Fund was 1.00% per annum, and the Managing Owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from those Series in respect of such Series’ investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee was accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

 

The management fee as a percentage of the applicable Series’ notional assets will be greater than the percentage of the applicable Series’ net asset value to the extent that the notional assets of the Series exceeds its net asset value. The Managing Owner expects that the notional assets of each Series will generally be maintained at a level in excess of the net asset value of such Series and such excess may be substantial to the extent the Managing Owner deems necessary to achieve the desired level of volatility.

 

Trading Fees—In connection with each Series’ trading activities the Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Global Fund and Frontier Heritage Fund pays to the Managing Owner an FCM fee of up to 2.25% per annum of notional assets allocated to the trading advisors, including through investments in commodity pools available on the Galaxy Plus Platform, and any reference programs of the applicable Series. The Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund and Frontier Masters Fund pays to the Managing Owner an FCM fee of up to 2.25% of notional assets allocated to the trading advisors, including through investments in commodity pools available on the Galaxy Plus Platform, and a custodial/due diligence fee of 0.12% of such Series’ NAV, calculated daily.

 

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Incentive Fees—Some Series pay to the Managing Owner an incentive fee of a certain percentage of new net trading profits generated in the Trading Companies by such Series, monthly or quarterly. In addition, the Managing Owner receives a quarterly incentive fee of a certain percentage of new net trading profits generated in the Galaxy Plus entities that have been allocated to the Series. The incentive fees attributable to Galaxy Plus entities are included in unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the Statements of Operations. Because the Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund may each employ multiple Trading Advisors, these Series will pay the Managing Owner a monthly incentive fee calculated on a Trading Advisor by Trading Advisor basis. It is therefore possible that in any given period the Series may pay incentive fees to the Managing Owner for one or more Trading Advisors while each of these Series as a whole experiences losses. The incentive fee is 25% for the Frontier Balanced Fund and the Frontier Diversified Fund and 20% for the Frontier Global Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund and Frontier Masters Fund. The Managing Owner may pay all or a portion of such incentive fees to the Trading Advisor(s) for such Series. As of the date of this report, for a Series that has invested in a swap, the Managing Owner or Trading Advisor(s) do not receive any incentive fees directly from the Series for such swap, and instead the relevant Trading Advisor receives compensation via the fees embedded in the swap. As of September 30, 2020, the range of incentive fees as a percentage of net new trading profits on swaps embedded in (i) swaps owned by Frontier Diversified Fund was 20-25% per annum, (ii) swaps owned by Frontier Balanced Fund was 20-25% per annum, (iii) swaps owned by Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was 25% per annum, and (iv) swaps owned by Frontier Heritage Fund was 15% per annum, and the Managing Owner has waived the entire incentive fee due to it from those Series in respect of such Series’ investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded incentive fee was accrued based on the net new trading profits of the swap.

 

Service Fees—In addition, with respect to Class 1 and Class 1a Units of each Series of the Trust, as applicable, the Series pays monthly or quarterly to the Managing Owner a service fee of up to 3% and 2% annually, for the closed Series and open Series, respectively, which the Managing Owner pays to selling agents of the Trust. With respect to Class 2 Units of each Series of the Trust, as applicable, the Series pays monthly or quarterly to the Managing Owner a service fee of up to 0.25% annually, for the closed Series and open Series, respectively, which the Managing Owner pays to selling agents of the Trust.

 

As of September 30, 2020, the Trust had a payable to the Managing Owner in the amounts of $0, $8,903, $1,419, $92,944, and $36,349 for incentive fees, management fees, interest, trading fees, and service fees, respectively.

 

As of December 31, 2019, the Trust had a payable to the Managing Owner in the amounts of $0, $8,795, $327, $160,907, and $68,762 for incentive fees, management fees, interest, trading fees, and service fees, respectively.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Managing Owner earned $0, $14,753, $4,426, $483,402 and $1,057,985 for incentive fees, management fees, risk analysis fees, service fees, and trading fees, respectively.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Managing Owner earned $0, $74,280, $4,257, $803,038, and $1,727,327 for incentive fees, management fees, risk analysis fees, service fees, and trading fees, respectively.

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, Managing Owner earned $0, $5,029, $1,509, $128,178 and $285,835 for incentive fees, management fees, risk analysis fees, service fees, and trading fees, respectively.

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2019, the Managing Owner earned $0, $4,614, $1,385, $253,782 and $562,118 for incentive fees, management fees, risk analysis fees, service fees, and trading fees, respectively.

  

With respect to the service fees, the initial service fee (for the first 12 months) relating to a purchase of Units by an investor is prepaid by the Managing Owner to the relevant selling agent in the month following such purchase and is reimbursed therefore by the Series monthly in arrears in an amount based upon a corresponding percentage of NAV, calculated daily. Consequently, the Managing Owner bears the risk and enjoys the benefit of the upside potential of any difference between the amount of the initial service fee prepaid by it and the amount of the reimbursement thereof, which may result from variations in NAV over the following 12 months.

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, amounts received or receivable from the Managing Owner for the difference in monthly service fees from the prepaid initial service fees were $0 and $0, respectively.

 

Aggregate interest income from all sources, including U.S. Treasury Securities assets net of premiums and cash held at clearing brokers, of up to the first 2% (annualized) is paid to the Managing Owner by the Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1 and Class 2 only), Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 2 and Class 3), Frontier Global Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Heritage Fund. For the Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (for the three months ended September 30, 2020, and September 30, 2019 amounts received or receivable from the Managing Owner for the difference in monthly service fees from the prepaid initial service fees Class 1a, Class 2a and Class 3a), Frontier Masters Fund, and Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1AP, Class 2a and Class 3a), 100% of the interest is retained by the respective Series.

 

During the three months ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019 and, the Trust paid $5,196, and $6,766, respectively of such interest income to the Managing Owner. Such amounts are not included in the consolidated statements of operations of the Trust. All other interest income is recorded by the Trust on the consolidated statements of operations.

 

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7. Financial Highlights

 

The following information presents the financial highlights of the Trust for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019. This data has been derived from the information presented in the consolidated financial statements.

 

Three months ended September 30

 

   2020   2019 
         
Ratios to average net assets (1)          
Net investment income/(loss) (1)   -5.84%   -5.29%
Expenses before incentive fees (3) (4)   -5.88%   5.40%
Expenses after incentive fees (3) (4)   -5.88%   5.40%
           
Total return before incentive fees (2)   -10.08%   0.90%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   -10.08%   0.90%

 

Nine months ended September 30

 

   2020   2019 
         
Ratios to average net assets (1)        
Net investment income/(loss) (1)   -5.70%   -5.56%
Expenses before incentive fees (3) (4)   -5.69%   -5.73%
Expenses after incentive fees (3) (4)   -5.74%   -5.73%
           
Total return before incentive fees (2)   -36.52%   1.97%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   -36.56%   1.97%

 

(1)Annualized with the exception of incentive fees.

 

(2)Total returns are not annualized.

 

(3)Expense ratios do not reflect interest allocated to the Managing Owner as such expenses are not included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations of the Trust. See footnote 5.

 

The Trust financial highlights are calculated based upon the Trust’s consolidated financial statements. The consolidated Trust does not issue units and therefore the financial highlights do not disclose any unitized data.

 

8. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

 

The Trust’s primary business is to engage in speculative trading of a diversified portfolio of futures, forwards (including interbank foreign currencies), options contracts and other derivative instruments (including swap contracts). The Trust does not enter into or hold positions for hedging purposes as defined under ASC 815. The detail of the fair value of the Trust’s derivatives by instrument types as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 is included in the Consolidated Condensed Schedules of Investments. See Note 4 for further disclosure related to the Trust’s positions in swap contracts. There are embedded management fees in transacting these swaps ranging from 1% to 1.5% based on fair value of swaps and the embedded incentive fees ranging from 15% to 25% based on net new trading profits on swaps.

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, the monthly average of futures, forwards and options contracts bought was approximately 600, and 138, respectively and sold was approximately 726, and 246, respectively.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, the monthly average of futures, forwards and options contracts bought was approximately 578, and 617, respectively and sold was approximately 568, and 827, respectively.

 

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The following tables summarize the trading revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019 by contract type:

 

Realized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020

 

Type of contract    
     
Agriculturals  $107,606 
Currencies   36,116 
Energies   (29,190)
Interest rates   (80,947)
Metals   105,688 
Stock indices   28,280 
Realized trading income/(loss)(1)  $167,553 

 

Realized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019

 

Type of contract    
     
Agriculturals  $(54,047)
Currencies   (161,381)
Energies   (13,734)
Interest rates   148,301 
Metals   44,521 
Stock indices   (55,718)
Realized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(92,058)

 

Realized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020

 

Type of contract    
     
Agriculturals  $132,659 
Currencies   15,372 
Energies   (15,120)
Interest rates   56,888 
Metals   427,135 
Stock indices   (28,822)
Realized trading income/(loss)(1)  $588,112 

 

Realized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019

 

Type of contract    
     
Agriculturals  $(49,568)
Currencies   (852,338)
Energies   (606,626)
Interest rates   1,013,511 
Metals   (566,993)
Stock indices   (128,896)
Realized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(1,190,910)

 

(1)Amounts recorded in the Statements of Operations under Net realized gain(loss) on futures forwards and options.

 

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Net Change in Open Trade Equity from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020

 

Type of contract    
     
Agriculturals  $(73,529)
Currencies   (12,856)
Energies   (35,050)
Interest rates   46,611 
Metals   28,731 
Stock indices   (7,741)
Change in unrealized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(53,834)

 

Net Change in Open Trade Equity from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 

 

Type of contract    
     
Agriculturals  $3,305 
Currencies   47,292 
Energies   4,480 
Interest rates   (81,857)
Metals   19,396 
Stock indices   (20,887)
Change in unrealized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(28,271)

 

Net Change in Open Trade Equity from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020

 

Type of contract    
     
Agriculturals  $(58,614)
Currencies   (27,439)
Energies   (39,325)
Interest rates   76,647 
Metals   (91,914)
Stock indices   9,775 
Change in unrealized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(130,869)

 

Net Change in Open Trade Equity from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 

 

Type of contract    
     
Agriculturals  $(93,622)
Currencies   217,927 
Energies   226,118 
Interest rates   (415,874)
Metals   508,370 
Stock indices   34,958 
Change in unrealized trading income/(loss)(1)  $477,877 

 

(1)Amounts recorded in the Statements of Operations under Net change in open trade equity/(deficit)

 

Certain financial instruments and derivative instruments are eligible for offset in the statements of financial condition under GAAP. The Trust’s open trade equity/(deficit), options written, and receivables from FCMs are subject to master netting arrangements and collateral arrangements and meet the GAAP guidance to qualify for offset. A master netting arrangement with a counterparty creates a right of offset for amounts due to and from that same counterparty that is enforceable in the event of a default or bankruptcy. The Trust’s policy is to recognize amounts subject to master netting arrangements on a net basis on the consolidated statements of financial condition.

 

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The following tables present gross and net information about the Trust’s assets and liabilities subject the master netting arrangements as disclosed on the consolidated statements of financial condition as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

 

As of September 30, 2020

 

   Gross Amounts
of recognized
Derivative
Assets/Liabilities
   Gross
Amounts
offset in
the
Statements
of
Financial
Condition
   Net
Amounts
Presented
in the
Statements
of
Financial
Condition
 
             
Open Trade Equity/(Deficit)  $1,111,441   $(1,171,216)  $(59,775)
Swap Contracts  $12,451,549    -   $12,451,549 

 

As of December 31, 2019

 

   Gross Amounts
of recognized
Derivative
Assets/Liabilities
   Gross
Amounts
offset in
the
Statements
of
Financial
Condition
   Net
Amounts
Presented
in the
Statements
of
Financial
Condition
 
             
Open Trade Equity/(Deficit)  $154,778   $(38,594)  $116,184 
Swap Contracts   21,579,866    -    21,579,866 

  

9. Trading Activities and Related Risks

 

The purchase and sale of futures and options on futures contracts require margin deposits with FCMs. Additional deposits may be necessary for any loss on contract value. The CEA requires an FCM to segregate all customer transactions and assets from the FCM’s proprietary activities. A customer’s cash and other property (for example, U.S. treasury bills) deposited with an FCM are considered commingled with all other customer funds subject to the FCM’s segregation requirements. In the event of an FCM’s insolvency, recovery may be limited to a pro rata share of segregated funds available. It is possible that the recovered amount could be less than the total of cash and other property deposited.

 

The term “off-balance sheet risk” refers to an unrecorded potential liability that, even though it does not appear on the statements of financial condition, may result in future obligation or loss in excess of the amount paid by the Series for a particular investment. Each Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity expects to trade in futures, options, forward and swap contracts and will therefore be a party to financial instruments with elements of off-balance sheet market and credit risk. In entering into these contracts, there exists a market risk that such contracts may be significantly influenced by market conditions, such as interest rate volatility, resulting in such contracts being less valuable. If the markets should move against all of the futures positions held by a Trading Company or Galaxy Plus entity in respect of any Series at the same time, and if the Trading Advisor(s) of such Trading Company or Galaxy Plus entity are unable to offset such futures interests positions, such Trading Company or Galaxy Plus entity could lose all of its assets and the holders of Units of such Series would realize a 100% loss. The Managing Owner will seek to minimize market risk through real-time monitoring of open positions and the level of diversification of each Trading Advisor’s portfolio. It is anticipated that any Trading Advisor’s margin-to-equity ratio will typically not exceed approximately 35% although the actual ratio could be higher or lower from time to time.

  

In addition to market risk, trading futures, forward and swap contracts entails credit risk that a counterparty will not be able to meet its obligations to a Trading Company or Galaxy Plus entity. The counterparty for futures contracts traded in the United States and on most foreign exchanges is the clearinghouse associated with such exchange. In general, clearinghouses are backed by the corporate members of the clearinghouse who are required to share any financial burden resulting from the non-performance by one of their members and, as such, should significantly reduce this credit risk. In cases where the clearinghouse is not backed by the clearing members, like some foreign exchanges, it is normally backed by a consortium of banks or other financial institutions. Some non-U.S. exchanges, in contrast to U.S. exchanges, are principals’ markets in which performance is the responsibility only of the individual counterparty with whom the Trading Company has entered into the transaction, and not of the exchange or clearing corporation. In these kinds of markets, there is risk of bankruptcy or other failure or refusal to perform by the counterparty.

  

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In the case of forward contracts traded on the interbank market and swaps, neither is traded on exchanges. The counterparty is generally a single bank or other financial institution, rather than a group of financial institutions; thus there may be a greater counterparty credit risk. The Managing Owner expects the Trading Advisors to trade only with those counterparties which it believes to be creditworthy. All positions of each Trading Company will be valued each day on a mark-to-market basis. There can be no assurance that any clearing member, clearinghouse or other counterparty will be able to meet its obligations to any Trading Company.

 

The Managing Owner has established procedures to actively monitor and minimize market and credit risks. The Limited Owners bear the risk of loss only to the extent of the market value of their respective investments and, in certain specific circumstances, distributions and redemptions received.

 

10. Indemnifications and Guarantees

 

The Trust has entered into agreements, which provide for the indemnification of futures clearing brokers, and commodity trading advisers, among others, against losses, costs, claims and liabilities arising from the performance of their individual obligations under such agreements, except for gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct. The Trust has had no prior claims or payments pursuant to these agreements. The Trust’s individual maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown, as this would involve future claims that may be made against the Trust that have not yet occurred. However, based on experience the Trust expects the risk of loss to be remote. Maximum exposure is unfulfilled obligations of the Series up to the amount of equity at risk with the custodian of the referenced Series as allocated from the Trading Company. The Series have not recorded any liability for the indemnifications in the accompanying financial statements as it expects any possibility of losses to be remote.

 

11. Subsequent Events

 

The Managing Owner evaluates events that occur after the balance sheet date but before and up until financial statements are available to be issued. The Managing Owner has assessed the subsequent events through the date that the financial statements were issued and has determined that, except as set forth below, there were no subsequent events requiring adjustment to or disclosure in the financial statements.

 

From October 1, 2020 through November 10, 2020, the Trust paid $581,868 in redemptions.

 

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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

 

Introduction

 

The following discussion and analysis contain forward-looking statements about the Managing Owner’s expectations of what may happen in the future. Forward looking statements are based on a number of assumptions and estimates that are inherently subject to significant risks and uncertainties, and our results could differ materially from the results anticipated by our forward-looking statements as a result of many known or unknown factors, including, but not limited to, those factors discussed in “Risk Factors.” See also the “Special Note About Forward-Looking Statements” set forth at the beginning of this report.

 

The following discussion and tables should be read in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this quarterly report and our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

 

Overview

 

The Trust is a Delaware statutory trust formed on August 8, 2003. The Trust is a multi-advisor commodity pool, as described in CFTC Regulation § 4.10(d)(2). The Trust is authorized to issue multiple Series of Units, pursuant to the requirements of the Trust Act. The assets of each Series are held and accounted for in separate and distinct records separately from the assets of other Series. The Trust is managed by the Managing Owner, and its term will expire on December 31, 2053 (unless terminated earlier in certain circumstances).

 

The Trust, with respect to each Series of Units, engages in the speculative trading of a diversified portfolio of futures, forward (including interbank foreign currencies) and options contracts and other derivative instruments (including swaps). The Trust allocates funds to affiliated Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities, each of which has one-year renewable contracts with its own independent Trading Advisor(s) that will manage all or a portion of the applicable Trading Company’s or Galaxy Plus entity’s assets, and make the trading decisions for the assets of each Series invested in such Trading Company or Gemini Plus entity. The assets of each Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity will be segregated from the assets of each other Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity. The Trust has an investment objective of increasing the value of the Units over the long term (capital appreciation), while controlling risk and volatility; further, to offer exposure to the investment programs of individual Trading Advisors and to specific instruments (currencies). For additional overview of the Trust’s structure and business activities, see Item 1.

 

All management fees, incentive fees, service fees, risk analysis fee (for closed Series only) and trading fees of the Trust are paid to the Managing Owner. It is the responsibility of the Managing Owner to pay all Trading Advisor management and incentive fees, selling agent service fees and all other operating expenses and continuing offering costs of the Trust. Only management fees and incentive fees related to assets allocated through Trading Companies are included in expense on the Statement of Operations. The Series are all charged management and incentive fees on the assets allocated through the Galaxy Plus entities. Those fees are included in unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the Statements of Operations. As of the date of this report, for a Series that has invested in a swap, the Managing Owner or Trading Advisor(s) do not receive any management fees or incentive fees directly from the Series for such swap, and instead the relevant Trading Advisor receives compensation via the fees embedded in the swap. In each case, the embedded incentive fee was accrued based on the net new trading profits of the swap. The Series are also charged management and incentive fees on assets allocated to swaps. Such fees are embedded in the fair value of the swap and are included in net unrealized gain (loss) on swap contracts on the Statements of Operations. Embedded in the swap fair value is management and incentive fees being paid to Trading Advisors. As of September 30, 2020, the management fees and range of incentive fees by Trading Company were as follows:

 

Trading Company  Management
Fee
   Incentive
Fee
 
Frontier Trading Company XXXIV LLC   1%   20-25%
Frontier Trading Company XXXV LLC   1%   20-25%
Frontier Trading Company XXXVII LLC   1.5%   25%

 

For further discussion of fees paid by the Trust, see Item 1-Notes 2 and 6 “Significant Accounting Policies” and “Transactions with Affiliates”, respectively, in the Notes to Financial Statements (unaudited)

 

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) requires the Managing Owner to adopt accounting policies and make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the Trust’s financial statements. The Trust’s most significant accounting policy, described below, includes the valuation of its futures and forward contracts, options contracts, swap contracts, U.S. treasury securities and investments in unconsolidated Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities. The majority of these investments are exchange traded contracts valued upon exchange settlement prices or non-exchange traded contracts and obligations with valuation based on third-party quoted dealer values on the Interbank market.

 

The Trust’s other significant accounting policies are described in detail in Note 2 of the financial statements.

 

Investment Transactions and Valuation

 

The Managing Owner has evaluated the nature and type of transactions processed and estimates that it makes in preparing the Trust’s financial statements and related disclosures and has adopted Accounting Standard Codification ( “ASC”) 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure, and implemented the framework for measuring fair value for assets and liabilities.

 

The Trust utilizes valuation techniques that are consistent with the market approach per the requirement of ASC 820 for the valuation of futures (exchange traded) contracts, forward (non-exchange traded) contracts, option contracts, swap contracts and other non-cash assets. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The Trust applies the valuation techniques in a consistent manner for each asset or liability. The Trust records all investments at fair value in its Statements of Financial Condition, with changes in fair value reported as a component of net gain/(loss) on investments in the Statements of Operations.

 

Inputs to valuation techniques refer to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities. Inputs may be observable, meaning those that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the financial asset or liability based on market data obtained from independent sources, or unobservable, meaning those that reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the financial asset or liability based on the best information available in the circumstances.

 

In addition, the Trust monitors counterparty credit risk and incorporates any identified risk factors when assigning input levels to underlying financial assets or liabilities. In that regard ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy for valuation inputs that gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical financial assets and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. A full disclosure of the fair value hierarchy is presented in Note 3 of the financial statements—Fair Value Measurements.

 

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Selection and Replacement of Trading Advisors

 

The commodity pool operator is responsible for the selection, retention and termination of the Trading Advisors and reference programs on behalf of each Series. The actual allocation among Trading Advisors for each Series will vary based upon the relative trading performance of the Trading Advisors and/or reference programs, and the commodity pool operator may otherwise vary such percentages from time to time in its sole discretion. The commodity pool operator will adjust its allocations and rebalance the portfolio of any Series among Trading Advisors to maintain weightings that it believes will most likely achieve capital growth within the investment guidelines of the relevant Series.

 

The commodity pool operator utilizes certain quantitative and qualitative analysis in connection with the identification, evaluation and selection of the Trading Advisors. The commodity pool operator’s proprietary analytical software programs and Trading Advisor database provide the quantitative basis for the Trading Advisor selection, portfolio implementation process, and ongoing risk management, monitoring, and review.

 

The commodity pool operator’s research department is continually refining ways to assimilate vast amounts of Trading Advisor performance data and due-diligence information. The proprietary database of alternative investment programs is always increasing. Research team members regularly interact with Trading Advisors throughout the due diligence and monitoring process. Only those programs that have met strict quantitative and qualitative review are considered as potential managers of client assets. Following is a summary of the quantitative and qualitative analysis:

 

Quantitative Analysis

 

The commodity pool operator applies a variety of statistical measures towards the evaluation of current and historical advisor performance data. Statistical measures may include but are not limited to: (1) risk/reward analysis, (2) time window analysis, (3) risk analysis, (4) correlation analysis, (5) statistical overlays and (6) performance cycle analysis.

  

Qualitative Analysis

 

Although quantitative analysis statistically identifies the top performing Trading Advisors, qualitative analysis plays a major role in the Trading Advisor evaluation and final selection process. Each Trading Advisor candidate undergoes qualitative review by the research department, as well as ongoing monitoring. This analysis may include but is not limited to: (1) preliminary information and due diligence, (2) background review, (3) due diligence questionnaires and (4) written review and periodic updates.

 

Multi-Manager Approach

 

A multi-manager approach to portfolio management provides diversification of Trading Advisors and access to broader global markets. Portfolios comprised of multiple Trading Advisors can provide diversification across trading methodologies, trading time horizons, and markets traded, which may but is not guaranteed to generate more consistent performance returns over time while potentially lowering overall portfolio volatility.

 

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The trading system and/or approach of each of the major Trading Advisors and the means by which the Series access those Trading Advisors are as follows:

 

Major Commodity Trading Advisor   Trading System Style   Accessed Through
         
Aspect Capital Limited   Systematic   Galaxy Plus
Crabel Capital Management, LLC   Systematic   Swap
Fort, L.P.   Systematic   Galaxy Plus
H2O Asset Management   Systematic   Swap
J E Moody & Company   Systematic   Swap
John Locke Investments SA   Systematic   Galaxy Plus
Quantitative Investment Management, LLC   Systematic   Galaxy Plus
Quest Partners LLC   Systematic   Galaxy Plus
Rosetta Capital Management, LLC   Discretionary   Galaxy Plus
Welton Investment Partners LLC   Systematic   Galaxy Plus
Wimmer Horizon, LLP   Systematic   Trading Company

 

Effective July 20, 2020, Doherty Advisors, LLC ceased to act as a commodity trading advisor to the Trust.

 

Effective August 1, 2020, John Locke Investments SA became a new commodity trading advisor for Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Select Fund and Frontier Masters Fund.

 

As of September 30, 2020, the allocation of the assets of each applicable Series of the Trust among the Trading Advisors was as follows:

 

Allocation as of September 30, 2020 (expressed as a percentage of aggregate notional exposure to commodity trading programs)

  

Advisor   Frontier
Diversified Fund
    Frontier
Long/Short
Commodity
Fund
    Frontier
Masters Fund
    Frontier
Balanced
Fund
    Frontier
Select Fund
    Frontier
Global Fund
    Frontier
Heritage
Fund
 
Aspect Capital Limited     23 %     -       52 %     15 %     -       100 %     81 %
Crabel Capital Partners, LLPC       9%     -       -       8 %     -       -       -  
Fort, L.P.     19 %     -       -       19 %     -       -       -  
H2O Asset Management     4 %     -       -       4 %     -       -       -  
J E Moody & Company     -       35 %     -       -       -       -       -  
John Locke Investments SA     13 %     -       32 %     11 %     52 %     -       -  
Quantitative Investment Management, LLC     13 %     -       -       14 %     -       -       -  
Quest Partners LLC     10 %     -       -       6 %     -       -       -  
Rosetta Capital Management, LLC     -       49 %     -       -       -       -       -  
Welton Investment Partners LLC     9 %     16 %     16 %     13 %     48 %     -       19 %
Wimmer Horizon     -       -       -       10 %     -       -       -  

 

Effective July 20, 2020, Doherty Advisors, LLC accessed through Galaxy Plus Fund – Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC ceased to act as a commodity trading advisor to the Trust.

 

Effective August 1, 2020, John Locke Investments SA accessed through Galaxy Plus Fund – JL Cyril Systematic Feeder Fund (547) LLC became a new commodity trading advisor for Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Select Fund and Frontier Masters Fund.

 

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

The Trust will raise additional capital only through the sale of Units offered pursuant to the continuing offering and does not intend to raise any capital through borrowing. Due to the nature of the Trust’s business, it makes no capital expenditures and has no capital assets that are not operating capital or assets.

 

The Managing Owner is responsible for the payment of all of the ordinary expenses associated with the organization of the Trust and the offering of each Series of Units, except for the initial and ongoing service fee, if any, and no Series will be required to reimburse these expenses. As a result, 100% of each Series’ offering proceeds are initially available for that Series’ trading activities.

 

A portion of each Trading Company’s assets is used as margin to maintain that Trading Company’s forward currency contract positions, and another portion is deposited in cash in segregated accounts in the name of each Trading Company maintained for each Trading Company at the clearing brokers in accordance with CFTC segregation requirements. At September 30, 2020, cash deposited at the clearing brokers was $2,313,859 for the Trust. The clearing brokers are expected to credit each Trading Company with approximately 80%-100% of the interest earned on its average net assets on deposit with the clearing brokers each month. As of September 30, 2020, with the Federal Funds target rate at 0.00 to 0.25%, this amount is estimated to be 0.00%.  In an attempt to increase interest income earned, the Managing Owner also may invest the non-margin assets in U.S. government securities which include any security issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S., or by a person controlled by or supervised by and acting as an instrumentality of the government of the U.S. pursuant to authority granted by Congress or any certificate of deposit for any of the foregoing, including U.S. treasury bonds, U.S. treasury bills and issues of agencies of the U.S. government, and certain cash items such as money market funds and time deposits. Aggregate interest income from all sources, including U.S. Treasury Securities assets net of premiums and cash held at clearing brokers, of up to 2% (annualized) is paid to the Managing Owner by the Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1 and Class 2 only), Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 2 and Class 3), Frontier Global Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Heritage Fund. For the Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 1a, Class 2a and Class 3a), Frontier Masters Fund and Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1AP, Class 2a and Class 3a), 100% of the interest is retained by the respective Series. The amount reflected in the financial statements for the Trust and Series are disclosed on a net basis. Due to some classes not exceeding the 2% paid to the Managing Owner, amounts earned by those classes may be zero.

 

Approximately 10% to 30% of the Trust’s assets are expected to be committed as required margin for futures contracts and forwards and options trading and held by the respective broker, although the amount committed may vary significantly. Such assets are maintained in the form of cash or U.S. treasury bills in segregated accounts with the futures broker pursuant to the CEA and regulations there under. Approximately 2% to 6%  of the Trust’s assets are expected to be deposited with over-the-counter counterparties in order to initiate and maintain forward and swap contracts. Such assets are not held in segregation or otherwise regulated under the CEA, unless such over-the-counter counterparty is registered as a futures commission merchant. These assets are held either in U.S. government securities or short-term time deposits with U.S.-regulated bank affiliates of the over-the-counter counterparties. The remaining approximately 64% to 88% of the Trust’s assets will normally be invested in cash equivalents and short-term investments, such as money market funds and time deposits and held by the clearing broker, the over-the-counter counterparties and by U.S. federally chartered banks. As of September 30, 2020, total cash and cash equivalents held at banking institutions were $46,937 for the Frontier Diversified Fund, $47,277 for the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, $32,727 for the Frontier Masters Fund, $0 for the Frontier Balanced Fund, $15,685 for the Frontier Select Fund, $42,890 for the Frontier Global Fund, and $64,326 for the Frontier Heritage Fund.

 

As a commodity pool, the Trust has large cash positions. Such cash positions are used to pay margin for the trading of futures, forwards and options, and also to pay redemptions. Generally, the Trust has not been forced to liquidate positions to fund redemptions. As of September 30, 2020, the redemptions payable were $2,309 for the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, $25,198 for the Frontier Balanced Fund, $7,668 for the Frontier Select Fund and $19,055 for the Frontier Global Fund. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Trust was able to pay all redemptions. 

 

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Off-Balance Sheet Risk

 

The term “off-balance sheet risk” refers to an unrecorded potential liability that, even though it does not appear on the balance sheet, may result in future obligation or loss. Each Trading Company trades in futures, forward and swap contracts and is therefore a party to financial instruments with elements of off-balance sheet market and credit risk. In entering into these contracts there exists a market risk that such contracts may be significantly influenced by market conditions, such as interest rate volatility, resulting in such contracts being less valuable. If the markets should move against all of the futures interests positions held by a Trading Company in respect of any Series at the same time, and if the Trading Advisor(s) of such Trading Company are unable to offset such futures interests positions, such Trading Company could lose all of its assets and the holders of Units of such Series would realize a 100% loss. The Managing Owner seeks to minimize market risk through real-time monitoring of open positions and the level of diversification of each Trading Advisor’s portfolio. It is anticipated that any Trading Advisor’s margin-to-equity ratio will typically not exceed approximately 35% although the actual ratio could be higher or lower from time to time.

 

In addition to market risk, trading futures, forward and swap contracts entails credit risk which is the risk that a counterparty will not be able to meet its obligations to a Trading Company. The counterparty for futures contracts traded in the U.S. and on most foreign exchanges is the clearinghouse associated with such exchange. In general, clearinghouses are backed by the corporate members of the clearinghouse who are required to share any financial burden resulting from the non-performance by one of their members and, as such, should significantly reduce this credit risk. In cases where the clearinghouse is not backed by the clearing members, like some foreign exchanges, it is normally backed by a consortium of banks or other financial institutions. Some non-U.S. exchanges, in contrast to U.S. exchanges are principals’ markets in which performance is the responsibility only of the individual counterparty with whom the Trading Company has entered into the transaction and not of the exchange or clearing corporation. In these kinds of markets, there is risk of bankruptcy or other failure or refusal to perform by the counterparty.

 

In the case of forward contracts traded on the interbank market and swaps, neither is traded on an exchange. The counterparty is generally a single bank or other financial institution, rather than a group of financial institutions; thus, there may be a greater counterparty credit risk. The Managing Owner expects the Trading Advisors to trade only with those counterparties which it believes to be creditworthy. All positions of each Trading Company are valued each day on a mark-to-market basis. There can be no assurance that any clearing member, clearinghouse or other counterparty will be able to meet its obligations to any Trading Company.

 

The Trust has entered into agreements, which provide for the indemnification of futures clearing brokers, currency trading companies, and commodity trading advisers, among others, against losses, costs, claims and liabilities arising from the performance of their individual obligations under such agreements, except for gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct. The Trust has had no prior claims or payments pursuant to these agreements. The Trust’s individual maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown, as this would involve future claims that may be made against the Trust that have not yet occurred. However, based on experience the Trust expects the risk of loss to be remote.

 

Disclosure of Contractual Obligations  

 

The business of the Trust is the speculative trading of commodity interests. The majority of the Trust’s futures and forward positions, which may be categorized as “purchase obligations” under Item 303 of Regulation S-K, are short-term. That is, they are held for less than one year. Because the Trust does not enter into other long-term debt obligations, capital lease obligations, operating lease obligations or other long-term liabilities that would otherwise be reflected on the Trust’s Statement of Financial Condition, a table of contractual obligations has not been presented.

 

Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020

 

Series Returns and Other Information

 

The returns for each Series and Class of Units for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, and related information, are discussed below. The activities of the Trust on a consolidated basis are explained through the activity of the underlying Series. Please refer to the discussion of the Series activities in relation to the Trust on a consolidated basis.

 

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Each Series had exposure to commodity interest positions within one or more sectors during the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. The performance of each Series was impacted over the course of the periods by, among other things, the relative performance of the relevant sector or sectors and the commodities within those sectors, the changing allocations among, and the specific positions taken by the Series’ Trading Advisors in, the relevant sector(s) and commodities, and the timing of entries and exits. For certain of the Series, a sector attribution chart has been included at the end of the relevant discussion. Each chart depicts the performance of the relevant Series’ positions within each of the relevant sectors (determined by the Managing Owner using monthly gross return and NAV figures, with various adjustments to net out a proportional allocation of the fees and expenses chargeable to the Series) during the periods presented.

 

As of the date of this report, for a Series that has invested in a swap, a trading advisor does not receive any management fees directly from the Series for such swap, and instead the relevant trading advisor receives compensation via the fees embedded in the swap. As of September 30, 2020, the weighted average management fee embedded in (i) swaps owned by Frontier Diversified Fund was 0.78% per annum, (ii) swaps owned by Frontier Balanced Fund was 0.56% per annum and (iii) swaps owned by Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was 1.83% per annum and the managing owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from those Series in respect of such Series’ investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee is accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap. The swaps owned by Frontier Heritage Fund and Frontier Select Fund were terminated effective May 30, 2020.

 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2019.

 

Frontier Diversified Fund

 

The Frontier Diversified Fund— Class 1 NAV lost 10.28% and gained 0.27%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Diversified Fund—Class 2 NAV lost 9.88% and gained 0.71%, respectively for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Diversified Fund—Class 3 NAV lost 9.83% and gained 0.77%, respectively for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Frontier Diversified Fund recorded net loss on investments of $524,226, net investment loss of $53,195 and total expenses of $54,338 resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $577,421. For the three months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Diversified Fund recorded net loss on investments of $135,936, net investment gain of $220,974, and total expenses of $137,478 resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $85,038.

 

Please see additional discussion under “Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 –Frontier Diversified Fund.”

 

Frontier Masters Fund

 

The Frontier Masters Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 15.78% and 2.97% for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Masters Fund —Class 2 NAV lost 15.41% and 2.26% for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Masters Fund—Class 3 NAV lost 15.35% and 2.20% for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses.

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Frontier Masters Fund recorded net loss on investments of $21,873, net investment loss of $213,673, and total expenses of $22,724, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $235,546. For the three months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Masters Fund recorded net loss on investments of $48,667, net investment loss of $16,448, and total expenses of $50,882, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $65,115.

 

Please see additional discussion under “Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 –Frontier Masters Fund.

 

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Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund

 

The Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund—Class 2 NAV lost 2.23% and lost 9.91%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund —Class 3 NAV lost 2.23% and lost 9.85% respectively for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund —Class 1a NAV lost 2.50% and lost 10.03% respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund —Class 2a NAV lost 2.07% and lost 9.54% respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 3a NAV lost 1.98% and lost 9.49%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses.

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund recorded net loss on investments of $21,438, net investment loss of $7,069, and total expenses of $7,975, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $28,507. For the three months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund recorded net loss on investments of $188,934, net investment loss of $13,884, and total expenses of $14,577, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $202,818.

 

Please see additional discussion under “Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 –Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund.”

 

Frontier Balanced Fund

 

The Frontier Balanced Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 8.61% and gained 0.28%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund —Class 2 NAV lost 7.92% and gained 1.05%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund—Class 2a NAV lost 7.95% and gained 1.00%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund—Class 3a NAV lost 7.91% and gained 1.05%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund—Class 1AP NAV lost 7.92% and gained 1.04% for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses.

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Frontier Balanced Fund recorded net loss on investments of $883,217, net investment loss of $207,973 and total expenses of $208,014 resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $1,091,190. For the three months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Balanced Fund recorded net gain on investments of $535,720, net investment loss of $376,415, and total expenses of $388,055, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $159,305.

 

Please see additional discussion under “Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 –Frontier Balanced Fund.”

 

Frontier Select Fund

 

The Frontier Select Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 12.60% and gained 2.28%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Select Fund —Class 2 NAV lost 11.93% and gained 3.04% respectively for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Select Fund —Class 1AP NAV lost 11.93% and gained 3.05%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Frontier Select Fund recorded net loss on investments of $197,724, net investment loss of $23,416 and total expenses of $23,416, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $221,410. For the three months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Select Fund recorded net gain on investments of $139,169, net investment loss of $49,482 and total expenses of $49,477, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $89,687.

 

Please see additional discussion under “Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 –Frontier Select Fund.”

 

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Frontier Global Fund

 

The Frontier Global Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 14.38% and gained 5.84%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Global Fund —Class 2 NAV lost 13.74% and gained 6.61%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Global Fund —Class 1AP NAV lost 13.73% and gained 6.64%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Frontier Global Fund recorded net loss on investments of $438,033, net investment loss of $65,458, and total expenses of $65,458, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $503,491. For the three months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Global Fund recorded net gain on investments of $491,617, net investment loss of $127,303, and total expenses of $127,301, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $364,314.

 

Please see additional discussion under “Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 –Frontier Global Fund.” 

 

Frontier Heritage Fund

 

The Frontier Heritage Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 9.98% and gained 3.04%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Heritage Fund —Class 2 NAV lost 9.29% and gained 3.84%, respectively for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Heritage Fund —Class 1AP NAV lost 9.30% and gained 3.82%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Frontier Heritage Fund recorded net loss on investments of $208,793, net investment loss of $40,939, and total expenses of $40,939, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $249,732, after non-controlling interests of $0. For the three months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Heritage Fund recorded net gain on investments of $174,413, net investment loss of $54,135, and total expenses of $54,129, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $121,139, after non-controlling interests of $861.

 

Please see additional discussion under “Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 –Frontier Heritage Fund.”

 

Nine months ended September 30, 2020 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019

 

Frontier Diversified Fund 

 

2020

 

The Frontier Diversified Fund— Class 1 NAV lost 34.25% and gained 0.46%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Diversified Fund—Class 2 NAV lost 33.38% and gained 1.77%, respectively for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Diversified Fund—Class 3 NAV lost 33.25% and gained 1.97%, respectively for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

 

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For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Frontier Diversified Fund recorded net loss on investments of $3,020,047, net investment loss of $226,122 and total expenses of $228,128 resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $3,246,169. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Diversified Fund recorded net gain on investments of $575,135, net investment loss of $412,327, and total expenses of $419,871 resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $162,808. The NAV per Unit, Class 1, decreased from $101.10 at December 31, 2019 to $66.48 as of September 30, 2020. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, decreased from $121.58 at December 31, 2019 to $81.00 as of September 30, 2020. The NAV per Unit, Class 3 decreased from $113.61 at December 31, 2019 to $75.83 as of September 30, 2020. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $987,405, respectively. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $2,629,631, respectively. Total Class 3 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $63,538, respectively. There were inter-class transfers of $987,405 from Class 1 to Class 3 for the period. Ending capital at September 30, 2020 was $141,090 for Class 1, $1,722,842 for Class 2 and $3,336,021 for Class 3. Ending capital at December 31, 2019 was $1,303,195 for Class 1, $5,600,851 for Class 2 and $5,095,574 for Class 3.

 

The Frontier Diversified Fund invests in one or more swaps. To the extent that the Series invests in a swap, the swap references an index, consisting of the performance realized on the trading program of one or more commodity trading advisors. Such performance is net of management fees and incentive fees paid to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s), brokerage fees and certain other related fees and charges, and therefore these fees are said to be embedded.

 

The aggregate fees embedded in a swap are provided for in the index description for the relevant swap. In addition to the management fee and incentive fee for the commodity trading advisor(s) (the “CTA Fees”), each index provides for the deduction of a management fee to the counterparty for the swap. The counterparty management fee is determined based on the management fee spread set forth in the index description, while the CTA Fees are based on a percentage of the assets managed by each trading advisor and new trading profits, respectively, and are set forth in the reports delivered to the Series by the counterparty. In addition to the counterparty management fee and the CTA Fees, the underlying transactions executed by the commodity trading advisors may be subject to the deduction of certain prime brokerage, exchange and other related fees and charges, each of which are reflected in the transaction values, and consequently the value of the index.

 

The current management fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 1.00% per annum of notional assets. The current incentive fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps range from 20% to 25% of new net trading profits on a monthly or quarterly basis. To the extent that there are embedded management fees and incentive fees incurred in a swap investment, the Managing Owner waives any management and incentive fees to which it is otherwise entitled. The management and incentive fees embedded in a swap may be higher or lower than the management and incentive fees that would otherwise be charged to a Series by the Managing Owner.

 

As of September 30, 2020, the management fee embedded in swaps owned by the Frontier Diversified Fund was 1.00% per annum, and the managing owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from the Frontier Diversified Fund in respect of the Frontier Diversified Fund’s investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee is accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

 

Based on an analysis of the management fees charged to Frontier Diversified Fund, the effective management fee rate of the Frontier Diversified Fund was higher than the management fee rate otherwise payable to the Managing Owner. The effective management fee rate for the Series was calculated for the period covered by the Form 10-Q by dividing the aggregate management fees paid by such Series (whether directly to the Managing Owner, or as an embedded management fee paid to a third-party commodity trading advisor) by the aggregate assets on which such management fees were paid. For the quarter ended September 30, 2020, the effective management fee rate of the Frontier Diversified Fund was 0.78%, compared to a management fee payable to the Managing Owner of 0.75%. For the quarter ended September 30, 2020, the management and incentive fees embedded in gains (losses) from trading companies owned by the Frontier Diversified Fund was $4,679. 

 

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The Frontier Diversified Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Commodities sectors.

 

 

One sector which traded in the Frontier Diversified Fund was profitable in Q3 2020 and two were profitable YTD. Metals were profitable for Q3 2020 while Interest Rates, Currencies, Energies, Agriculturals and Stock Indices finished negative for the quarter. Energies and Interest Rates were profitable YTD while Metals, Currencies, Agriculturals and Stock Indices finished negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, Welton finished positive for the quarter. Aspect, Crabel, Fort, H2O, John Locke, QIM and Quest were negative for the quarter. Doherty finished flat for the quarter.

 

Doherty and Welton finished positive YTD. Aspect, Crabel, Emil Van Essen, Fort, H2O, John Locke, QIM and Quest were negative YTD. 

 

2019

 

The Frontier Diversified Fund— Class 1 NAV gained 0.46% and lost 10.27%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Diversified Fund—Class 2 NAV gained 1.77% and lost 9.08%, respectively for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Diversified Fund—Class 3 NAV gained 1.97% and lost 8.92%, respectively for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.

 

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For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Diversified Fund recorded net gain on investments of $575,135, net investment loss of $412,327, and total expenses of $419,871 resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $162,808. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Frontier Diversified Fund recorded net loss on investments of $1,380,601, net investment loss of $523,024, and total expenses of $550,432 resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $1,903,625.

 

The NAV per Unit, Class 1, increased from $102.25 at December 31, 2018 to $102.72 as of September 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, increased from $120.84 at December 31, 2018 to $122.98 as of September 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 3 increased from $112.62 at December 31, 2018 to $114.84 as of September 30, 2019. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $267,729, respectively. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $1,985,772, respectively. Total Class 3 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $1,775,784, respectively. Ending capital at September 30, 2019 was $1,324,052 for Class 1, $5,743,894 for Class 2 and $5,222,088 for Class 3. Ending capital at December 31, 2018, is $1,703,556 for Class 1 and $7,672,754 for Class 2 and $6,780,200 for Class 3.

 

The Frontier Diversified Fund invests in one or more swaps. To the extent that the Series invests in a swap, the swap references an index, consisting of the performance realized on the trading program of one or more commodity trading advisors. Such performance is net of management fees and incentive fees paid to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s), brokerage fees and certain other related fees and charges, and therefore these fees are said to be embedded.

 

The aggregate fees embedded in a swap are provided for in the index description for the relevant swap. In addition to the CTA Fees, each index provides for the deduction of a management fee to the counterparty for the swap. The counterparty management fee is determined based on the management fee spread set forth in the index description, while the CTA Fees are based on a percentage of the assets managed by each trading advisor and new trading profits, respectively, and are set forth in the reports delivered to the Series by the counterparty. In addition to the counterparty management fee and the CTA Fees, the underlying transactions executed by the commodity trading advisors may be subject to the deduction of certain prime brokerage, exchange and other related fees and charges, each of which are reflected in the transaction values, and consequently the value of the index.

 

The current management fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 1.00% per annum of notional assets. The current incentive fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps range from 20% to 25% of new net trading profits on a monthly or quarterly basis. To the extent that there are embedded management fees and incentive fees incurred in a swap investment, the Managing Owner waives any management and incentive fees to which it is otherwise entitled. The management and incentive fees embedded in a swap may be higher or lower than the management and incentive fees that would otherwise be charged to a Series by the Managing Owner.

 

As of September 30, 2019, the management fee embedded in swaps owned by the Frontier Diversified Fund was 1.00% per annum, and the managing owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from the Frontier Diversified Fund in respect of the Frontier Diversified Fund’s investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee is accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

 

Based on an analysis of the management fees charged to Frontier Diversified Fund, the effective management fee rate of the Frontier Diversified Fund was higher than the management fee rate otherwise payable to the Managing Owner. The effective management fee rate for the Series was calculated for the period covered by the Form 10-Q by dividing the aggregate management fees paid by such Series (whether directly to the Managing Owner, or as an embedded management fee paid to a third-party commodity trading advisor) by the aggregate assets on which such management fees were paid. For the quarter ended September 30, 2019, the effective management fee rate of the Frontier Diversified Fund was 0.79%, compared to a management fee payable to the Managing Owner of 0.75%. For the quarter ended September 30, 2019, the management and incentive fees embedded in gains (losses) from trading companies owned by the Frontier Diversified Fund was $17,063.

 

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The Frontier Diversified Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Commodities sectors.

 

 

Three sectors which traded in the Frontier Diversified Fund were profitable in Q3 2019 and two were profitable YTD. Currencies and Interest Rates were profitable for Q3 2019 while Energies, Agriculturals, Metals and Stock Indices finished negative for the quarter. Currencies and Interest Rates were profitable YTD while Metals, Energies, Agriculturals and Stock Indices finished negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance Aspect, Crabel, H2O, Welton and Fort finished positive for the quarter. Quest, Emil Van Essen and QIM were negative for the quarter.

 

Aspect, H2O, Welton and Fort finished positive YTD. Crabel, Emil Van Essen, QIM, Quantmetrics, Quest and Winton were negative YTD.

 

94

 

 

Frontier Masters Fund

 

2020

 

The Frontier Masters Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 27.85% and lost 6.99% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Masters Fund —Class 2 NAV lost 27.11% and lost 5.51% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Masters Fund—Class 3 NAV lost 26.97% and lost 5.34% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Frontier Masters Fund recorded net loss on investments of $419,560, net investment loss of $84,337, and total expenses of $86,666, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $503,897. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Masters Fund recorded net loss on investments of $39,517, net investment loss of $189,996, and total expenses of $194,337, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $229,483.

 

The NAV per Unit, Class 1, decreased from $72.28 at December 31, 2019 to $52.15 as of September 30, 2020. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, decreased from $87.18 at December 31, 2019 to $63.55 as of September 30, 2020. The NAV per Unit, Class 3, decreased from $81.78 at December 31, 2019 to $59.73 as of September 30, 2020. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $0, respectively. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $144,623, respectively. Total Class 3 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $315,727, respectively. Ending capital at September 30, 2020 was $9,205 for Class 1, $507,356 for Class 2 and $757,233 for Class 3. Ending capital at December 31, 2019, was $12,794 for Class 1, $850,808 for Class 2 and $1,374,437 for Class 3.

 

The Frontier Masters Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals, Hybrids and Commodities sectors.

 

 

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One of the six sectors which traded in the Frontier Masters Fund was profitable in Q3 2020 and one of the six was profitable YTD. Metals were profitable for Q3 2020 while Energies, Agriculturals, Interest Rates, Currencies and Stock Indices finished negative for the quarter. Interest Rates were profitable YTD while Energies, Agriculturals, Metals, Currencies and Stock Indices finished negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, Aspect, Welton and John Locke all finished negative for the quarter. Doherty finished flat for the quarter. Welton was positive YTD while Aspect, Doherty, Emil Van Essen, John Locke and Transtrend were negative YTD. 

 

2019

 

The Frontier Masters Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 6.99% and lost 15.29% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Masters Fund —Class 2 NAV lost 5.51% and lost 14.17% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Masters Fund—Class 3 NAV lost 5.34% and lost 14.00% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Masters Fund recorded net loss on investments of $39,517, net investment loss of $189,966 and total expenses of $194,337, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $229,483. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Frontier Masters Fund recorded net loss on investments of $1,270,952, net investment loss of $437,149, and total expenses of $458,590, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $1,708,101.

 

The NAV per Unit, Class 1, decreased from $91.10 at December 31, 2018 to $84.73 as of September 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, decreased from $107.68 at December 31, 2018 to $101.75 as of September 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 3, decreased from $100.77 at December 31, 2018 to $95.39 as of September 30, 2019. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $1,450,002, respectively. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $231,224, respectively. Total Class 3 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $967,911, respectively. Ending capital at September 30, 2019 was $14,998 for Class 1, $993,858 for Class 2 and $1,684,657 for Class 3. Ending capital at December 31, 2018 was $1,484,478 for Class 1, $1,292,975 for Class 2 and $2,794,680 for Class 3.

 

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The Frontier Masters Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Agriculturals sectors.

 

 

Three of the six sectors which traded in the Frontier Masters Fund were profitable in Q3 2019 and two of the six were profitable YTD. Metals, Currencies and Interest Rates were profitable for Q3 2019 while Energies, Agriculturals and Stock Indices finished negative for the quarter. Currencies and Interest Rates were profitable YTD while Metals, Energies, Agriculturals and Stock Indices finished negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, Aspect, Transtrend and Welton finished positive for the quarter. Emil Van Essen was negative for the quarter. Aspect, Transtrend and Welton were positive YTD. Emil Van Essen and Winton were negative YTD. 

 

97

 

 

Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund

 

2020

 

The Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund—Class 2 NAV lost 0.23% and 10.18%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund —Class 3 NAV lost 0.28% and 10.13% respectively for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund —Class 1a NAV lost 1.65% and 16.27% respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund—Class 2a NAV lost 0.31% and 15.36% respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 3a NAV lost 0.08% and 15.17%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund recorded net gain on investments of $22,699, net investment loss of $23,669, and total expenses of $25,694, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $970. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund recorded net loss on investments of $217,823, net investment loss of $41,280, and total expenses of $43,108, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $259,103.

 

The NAV per Unit, Class 2, decreased from $81.60 as of December 31, 2019 to $81.41 at September 30, 2020. The NAV per Unit, Class 3, decreased from $85.64 as of December 31, 2019 to $85.40 at September 30, 2020. The NAV per Unit, Class 1a, decreased from $44.20 as of December 31, 2019 to $0 at September 30, 2020. The NAV per Unit, Class 2a, decreased from $52.55 as of December 31, 2019 to $52.39 at September 30, 2020. The NAV per Unit, Class 3a, decreased from $55.31 as of December 31, 2019 to $55.27 at September 30, 2020. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $8,267, respectively. Total Class 3 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $53,726, respectively. Total Class 1a subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $11,267, respectively. Total Class 2a subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $1,193, respectively. Total Class 3a subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $4,304, respectively. There were inter-class transfers of $11,267 from Class 1a to Class 3a for the period. Ending capital at September 30, 2020, is $32,650 for Class 2, $937,745 for Class 3, $0 for Class 1a, $80,401 for Class 2a and $214,044 for Class 3a. Ending capital at December 31, 2019, is $41,045 for Class 2, $991,828 for Class 3, $11,447 for Class 1a, $81,826 for Class 2a and $208,144 for Class 3a.

 

The Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund invests in one or more swaps. To the extent that the Series invests in a swap, the swap references an index, consisting of the performance realized on the trading program of one or more commodity trading advisors. Such performance is net of management fees and incentive fees paid to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s), brokerage fees and certain other related fees and charges, and therefore these fees are said to be embedded.

 

The aggregate fees embedded in a swap are provided for in the index description for the relevant swap. In addition to the CTA Fees, each index provides for the deduction of a management fee to the counterparty for the swap. The counterparty management fee is determined based on the management fee spread set forth in the index description, while the CTA Fees are based on a percentage of the assets managed by each trading advisor and new trading profits, respectively, and are set forth in the reports delivered to the Series by the counterparty. In addition to the counterparty management fee and the CTA Fees, the underlying transactions executed by the commodity trading advisors may be subject to the deduction of certain prime brokerage, exchange and other related fees and charges, each of which are reflected in the transaction values, and consequently the value of the index.

 

The current management fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 1.50% per annum of notional assets. The current incentive fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 25% of new net trading profits on a monthly or quarterly basis. To the extent that there are embedded management and incentive fees incurred in a swap investment, the Managing Owner waives any management and incentive fees to which it is otherwise entitled. The management and incentive fees embedded in a swap may be higher or lower than the management and incentive fees that would otherwise be charged to a Series by the Managing Owner.

 

As of September 30, 2020, the management fee embedded in swaps owned by Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was 1.50%  per annum, and the managing owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund in respect of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund’s investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee is accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

 

Based on an analysis of the management fees charged to Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, the effective management fee rate of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was lower than the management fee rate otherwise payable to the Managing Owner. The effective management fee rate for the Series was calculated for the period covered by the Form 10-Q by dividing the aggregate management fees paid by such Series (whether directly to the Managing Owner, or as an embedded management fee paid to a third-party commodity trading advisor) by the aggregate assets on which such management fees were paid. For the quarter ended September 30, 2020, the effective management fee rate of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was 1.83%, compared to a management fee payable to the Managing Owner of 2.00%. For the quarter ended September 30, 2020, the management and incentive fees embedded in gains (losses) from trading companies owned by the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was $3,884.  

 

98

 

 

The Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Base Metals, Energies, Grains, Meats, Precious Metals, Financials and Softs sectors, although the majority of the exposure will typically be in the Energies, Metals and Softs sectors.

 

 

99

 

 

 

None of the seven sectors traded in the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund were profitable in Q3 2020 and one of the seven were profitable YTD. Energies, Base Metals, Grains, Softs, Meats, Precious Metals and Financials finished Q3 2020 negative for the quarter. Energies finished positive YTD. Base Metals, Grains, Softs, Meats, Financials and Precious Metals were negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, none finished positive for the quarter. JE Moody, Rosetta and Welton were negative for the quarter.

 

In terms of YTD performance, JE Moody and Welton were positive YTD while Emil Van Essen and Rosetta were negative YTD. 

 

100

 

 

2019

 

The Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund—Class 2 NAV lost 10.18% and lost 10.59%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund —Class 3 NAV lost 10.13% and lost 10.60% respectively for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund —Class 1a NAV lost 16.27% and lost 18.64% respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund—Class 2a NAV lost 15.36% and lost 17.57% respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 3a NAV lost 15.17% and lost 17.40%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund recorded net loss on investments of $217,823, net investment loss of $41,280, and total expenses of $43,108, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $259,103. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund recorded net loss on investments of $419,317, net investment loss of $56,293, and total expenses of $66,928, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $475,610.

 

The NAV per Unit, Class 2, decreased from $98.82 at December 31, 2018 to $88.76 as of September 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 3, decreased from $103.66 at December 31, 2018 to $93.16 as of September 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 1a, decreased from $56.80 at December 31, 2018 to $47.56 as of September 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 2a, decreased from $66.52 at December 31, 2018 to $56.30 as of September 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 3a, decreased from $69.83 at December 31, 2018 to $59.24 as of September 30, 2019. Total Class 2 redemptions for the period were $33,086. Total Class 3 redemptions for the period were $153,569. Total Class 1a redemptions were $4,858. Class 2a redemptions for the period were $66,516. Class 3a subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $58,503, respectively. Ending capital at September 30, 2019 was $44,646 for Class 2, $1,468,084 for Class 3, $12,319 for Class 1a, $92,947 for Class 2a and $251,576 for Class 3a. Ending capital at December 31, 2018 was $84,096 for Class 2, $1,791,417 for Class 3, $20,051 for Class 1a, $186,469 for Class 2a and $363,174 for Class 3a.

 

The Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund invests in one or more swaps. To the extent that the Series invests in a swap, the swap references an index, consisting of the performance realized on the trading program of one or more commodity trading advisors. Such performance is net of management fees and incentive fees paid to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s), brokerage fees and certain other related fees and charges, and therefore these fees are said to be embedded.

 

The aggregate fees embedded in a swap are provided for in the index description for the relevant swap. In addition to the CTA Fees, each index provides for the deduction of a management fee to the counterparty for the swap. The counterparty management fee is determined based on the management fee spread set forth in the index description, while the CTA Fees are based on a percentage of the assets managed by each trading advisor and new trading profits, respectively, and are set forth in the reports delivered to the Series by the counterparty. In addition to the counterparty management fee and the CTA Fees, the underlying transactions executed by the commodity trading advisors may be subject to the deduction of certain prime brokerage, exchange and other related fees and charges, each of which are reflected in the transaction values, and consequently the value of the index.

 

The current management fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 1.50% per annum of notional assets. The current incentive fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 25% of new net trading profits on a monthly or quarterly basis. To the extent that there are embedded management and incentive fees incurred in a swap investment, the Managing Owner waives any management and incentive fees to which it is otherwise entitled. The management and incentive fees embedded in a swap may be higher or lower than the management and incentive fees that would otherwise be charged to a Series by the Managing Owner.

 

As of September 30, 2019, the management fee embedded in swaps owned by Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was 1.50% per annum, and the managing owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund in respect of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund’s investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee is accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

 

Based on an analysis of the management fees charged to Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, the effective management fee rate of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was lower than the management fee rate otherwise payable to the Managing Owner. The effective management fee rate for the Series was calculated for the period covered by the Form 10-Q by dividing the aggregate management fees paid by such Series (whether directly to the Managing Owner, or as an embedded management fee paid to a third-party commodity trading advisor) by the aggregate assets on which such management fees were paid. For the quarter ended September 30, 2019, the effective management fee rate of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was 1.91%, compared to a management fee payable to the Managing Owner of 2.00%. For the quarter ended September 30, 2019, the management and incentive fees embedded in gains (losses) from trading companies owned by the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was $3,579.

 

101

 

 

The Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Base Metals, Energies, Grains, Meats, Precious Metals, Financials and Softs sectors, although the majority of the exposure will typically be in the Energies, Metals and Softs sectors.

 

 

102

 

 

 

None of the seven sectors traded in the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund were profitable in Q3 2019 and none of the seven were profitable YTD. Base Metals, Energies, Grains, Meats, Precious Metals, Softs and Financials finished negative for the quarter. Base Metals, Energies, Grains, Meats, Precious Metals, Softs and Financials were negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, Welton finished positive for the quarter. Emil Van Essen, JE Moody, Red Oak and Rosetta were negative for the quarter.

 

Red Oak and Welton were positive YTD while Emil Van Essen, JE Moody and Rosetta were negative YTD.

 

Frontier Balanced Fund

 

2020

 

The Frontier Balanced Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 38.74% and lost 0.80%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund —Class 2 NAV lost 37.35% and gained 1.45%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund —Class 2a NAV lost 37.34% and gained 1.44%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund —Class 3a NAV lost 37.32% and gained 1.47%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund —Class 1AP NAV lost 37.35% and gained 1.45% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses.

 

103

 

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Frontier Balanced Fund recorded net loss on investments of $7,365,607, net investment loss of $762,807, and total expenses of $769,168, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $8,128,414. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Balanced Fund recorded net gain on investments of $1,056,365 net investment loss of $1,220,176, and total expenses of $1,256,678, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $163,811.

 

The NAV per Unit, Class 1, decreased from $117.23 as of December 31, 2019 to $71.82 at September 30, 2020. The NAV per Unit, Class 1AP, decreased from $137.81 as of December 31, 2019 to $86.34 at September 30, 2020. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, decreased from $185.82 as of December 31, 2019 to $116.42 at September 30, 2020. For Class 2a, the NAV per Unit decreased from $161.04 as of December 31, 2019 to $100.90 at September 30, 2020. For Class 3a, the NAV per Unit decreased from $160.50 as of December 31, 2019 to $100.60 at September 30, 2020. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $2,577,034, respectively. Total Class 1AP subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $0, respectively. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $295,415, respectively. Total Class 2a subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $19,800, respectively. Total Class 3a subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $63,588, respectively. Ending capital at September 30, 2020, was $8,800,149 for Class 1, $149,459 for Class 1 AP, $1,847,965 for Class 2, $104,702 for Class 2a and $507,236 for Class 3a. Ending capital at December 31, 2019, was $17,797,600 for Class 1, $238,544 for Class 1 AP, $3,361,853 for Class 2, $195,181 for Class 2a and $900,583 for Class 3a.

 

The Frontier Balanced Fund invests in one or more swaps. To the extent that the Series invests in a swap, the swap references an index, consisting of the performance realized on the trading program of one or more commodity trading advisors. Such performance is net of management fees and incentive fees paid to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s), brokerage fees and certain other related fees and charges, and therefore these fees are said to be embedded.

 

The aggregate fees embedded in a swap are provided for in the index description for the relevant swap. In addition to the CTA Fees, each index provides for the deduction of a management fee to the counterparty for the swap. The counterparty management fee is determined based on the management fee spread set forth in the index description, while the CTA Fees are based on a percentage of the assets managed by each trading advisor and new trading profits, respectively, and are set forth in the reports delivered to the Series by the counterparty. In addition to the counterparty management fee and the CTA Fees, the underlying transactions executed by the commodity trading advisors may be subject to the deduction of certain prime brokerage, exchange and other related fees and charges, each of which are reflected in the transaction values, and consequently the value of the index.

 

The current management fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 1.00% per annum of notional assets. The current incentive fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps ranges from 20% to 25% of new net trading profits on a monthly or quarterly basis. To the extent that there are embedded management and incentive fees incurred in a swap investment, the Managing Owner waives any management and incentive fees to which it is otherwise entitled. The management and incentive fees embedded in a swap may be higher or lower than the management and incentive fees that would otherwise be charged to a Series by the Managing Owner.

 

As of September 30, 2020, the management fee embedded in swaps owned by the Frontier Balanced Fund was 1.00 per annum, and the Managing Owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from the Frontier Balanced Fund in respect of the Frontier Balanced Fund’s investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee is accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

 

Based on an analysis of the management fees charged to Frontier Balanced Fund, the effective management fee rate of the Frontier Balanced Fund was higher than the management fee rate otherwise payable to the Managing Owner. The effective management fee rate for the Series was calculated for the period covered by the Form 10-Q by dividing the aggregate management fees paid by such Series (whether directly to the Managing Owner, or as an embedded management fee paid to a third-party commodity trading advisor) by the aggregate assets on which such management fees were paid. For the quarter ended September 30, 2020, the effective management fee rate of the Frontier Balanced Fund was 0.56%, compared to a management fee payable to the Managing Owner of 0.50%. For the quarter ended September 30, 2020, the management and incentive fees embedded in gains (losses) from trading companies owned by the Frontier Balanced Fund was $10,645. 

 

104

 

 

The Frontier Balanced Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Agriculturals sectors.

 

 

105

 

 

 

One of the six sectors traded in the Frontier Balanced Fund was profitable in Q3 2020 and two of the six were profitable YTD. Metals were profitable for Q3 2020 while Currencies, Energies, Agriculturals, Interest Rates and Stock Indices finished negative for the quarter. Metals and Energies were positive YTD while Currencies, Agriculturals, Interest Rates and Stock Indices were negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, Welton and Wimmer Horizon finished positive for the quarter. Aspect, Crabel, Fort, H2O, John Locke and QIM were negative for the quarter. Doherty was flat for the quarter.

 

Welton and Wimmer Horizon were positive YTD while Aspect, Crabel, Doherty, Emil Van Essen, Fort, H2O, John Locke and QIM were negative YTD. 

 

106

 

 

2019

 

The Frontier Balanced Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 0.80% and lost 11.88%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund —Class 2 NAV gained 1.45% and lost 9.86%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund —Class 2a NAV gained 1.44% and lost 9.84%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund —Class 3a NAV gained 1.47% and lost 9.84%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund —Class 1AP NAV gained 1.45% and lost 9.92% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Balanced Fund recorded net gain on investments of $1,056,365 net investment loss of $1,220,176, and total expenses of $1,256,678, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $163,811. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Frontier Balanced Fund recorded net loss on investments of $3,185,079, net investment loss of $1,975,859, and total expenses of $2,011,395, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $5,160,938.

 

The NAV per Unit, Class 1, decreased from $117.63 at December 31, 2018 to $116.69 as of September 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 1AP, increased from $134.16 at December 31, 2018 to $136.10 as of September 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, increased from $180.94 at December 31, 2018 to $183.56 as of September 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 2a, increased from $156.81 at December 31, 2018 to $159.07 as of September 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 3a, increased from $156.26 at December 31, 2018 to $158.55 as of September 30, 2019. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $6,981,365 respectively. Total Class 1AP redemptions for the period were $24,995. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $1,261,895, respectively. Total Class 2a subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $114,814, respectively. Total Class 3a redemptions for the period were $16,646. Ending capital at September 30, 2019 was $18,453,993 for Class 1, $335,066 for Class 1AP, $3,350,406 for Class 2, $227,471 for Class 2a, and $889,635 for Class 3a. Ending capital at December 31, 2018 was $25,703,922 for Class 1, $355,112 for Class 1AP, $4,528,375 for Class 2, $339,173 for Class 2a and $893,515 for Class 3a.

 

The Frontier Balanced Fund invests in one or more swaps. To the extent that the Series invests in a swap, the swap references an index, consisting of the performance realized on the trading program of one or more commodity trading advisors. Such performance is net of management fees and incentive fees paid to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s), brokerage fees and certain other related fees and charges, and therefore these fees are said to be embedded.

 

The aggregate fees embedded in a swap are provided for in the index description for the relevant swap. In addition to the CTA Fees, each index provides for the deduction of a management fee to the counterparty for the swap. The counterparty management fee is determined based on the management fee spread set forth in the index description, while the CTA Fees are based on a percentage of the assets managed by each trading advisor and new trading profits, respectively, and are set forth in the reports delivered to the Series by the counterparty. In addition to the counterparty management fee and the CTA Fees, the underlying transactions executed by the commodity trading advisors may be subject to the deduction of certain prime brokerage, exchange and other related fees and charges, each of which are reflected in the transaction values, and consequently the value of the index.

 

The current management fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 1.00% per annum of notional assets. The current incentive fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps ranges from 20% to 25% of new net trading profits on a monthly or quarterly basis. To the extent that there are embedded management and incentive fees incurred in a swap investment, the Managing Owner waives any management and incentive fees to which it is otherwise entitled. The management and incentive fees embedded in a swap may be higher or lower than the management and incentive fees that would otherwise be charged to a Series by the Managing Owner.

 

As of September 30, 2019, the management fee embedded in swaps owned by Frontier Balanced Fund was 1.00% per annum, and the managing owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from the Frontier Balanced Fund in respect of the Frontier Balanced Fund’s investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee is accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

 

Based on an analysis of the management fees charged to Frontier Balanced Fund, the effective management fee rate of the Series was higher than the management fee rate otherwise payable to the Managing Owner. The effective management fee rate for the Series was calculated for the period covered by the Form 10-Q by dividing the aggregate management fees paid by such Series (whether directly to the Managing Owner, or as an embedded management fee paid to a third-party commodity trading advisor) by the aggregate assets on which such management fees were paid. For the quarter ended September 30, 2019, the effective management fee rate of Frontier Balanced Fund was 0.62%, compared to a management fee payable to the Managing Owner of 0.50%. For the quarter ended September 30, 2019, the management and incentive fees embedded in gains (losses) from trading companies owned by Frontier Balanced Fund was $40,909.

 

107

 

 

The Frontier Balanced Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Agriculturals sectors.

  

 

108

 

 

 

Two of the six sectors traded in the Frontier Balanced Fund were profitable in Q3 2019 and two of the six were profitable YTD. Currencies and Interest Rates were profitable for Q3 2019 while Metals, Energies, Agriculturals and Stock Indices finished negative for the quarter. Currencies and Interest Rates were positive YTD while Metals, Energies, Agriculturals and Stock Indices were negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, Aspect Capital, Crabel, Fort LP (GC), H2O AM and Welton finished positive for the quarter. Emil Van Essen and Quantitative Investment Management and Wimmer Horizon were negative for the quarter.

 

Aspect Capital, Fort LP (GC), H2O AM, Welton and Wimmer Horizon were positive YTD while Crabel, Emil Van Essen, Quantmetrics, Winton and Quantitative Investment Management were negative YTD.

 

109

 

  

Frontier Select Fund

 

2020

 

The Frontier Select Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 19.84% and gained 8.89%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Select Fund —Class 2 NAV lost 18.03% and gained 11.41% respectively for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Select Fund—Class 1AP NAV lost 18.22% and gained 10.37%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Frontier Select Fund recorded net loss on investments of $350,073, net investment loss of $93,908 and total expenses of $93,908, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $443,981. For the nine months September 30, 2019, the Frontier Select Fund recorded net gain on investments of $463,062, net investment loss of $146,656 and total expenses of $146,651, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $316,406.

 

The NAV per Unit, Class 1, decreased from $66.56 as of December 31, 2019 to $53.35 at September 30, 2020. The NAV per Unit, Class 1AP, decreased from $78.51 as of December 31, 2019 to $64.20 at September 30, 2020. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, decreased from $103.94 as of December 31, 2019 to $85.20 at September 30, 2020. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $790,915, respectively. Total Class 1AP subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $0, respectively. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions period were $0 and $14,198, respectively. Ending capital, at September 30, 2020, was $1,495,959 for Class 1, $8,882 for Class 1AP, and $62,691 for Class 2. Ending capital, at December 31, 2019, was $2,715,051 for Class 1, $10,834 for Class 1AP, and $90,741 for Class 2.

 

The Frontier Select Fund invested in one or more swaps which were terminated effective May 30, 2020. To the extent that the Series invested in a swap, the swap referenced an index, consisting of the performance realized on the trading program of one or more commodity trading advisors. Such performance was net of management fees and incentive fees paid to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s), brokerage fees and certain other related fees and charges, and therefore these fees were said to be embedded.

 

The aggregate fees embedded in a swap were provided for in the index description for the relevant swap. In addition to the CTA Fees, each index provided for the deduction of a management fee to the counterparty for the swap. The counterparty management fee was determined based on the management fee spread set forth in the index description, while the CTA Fees were based on a percentage of the assets managed by each trading advisor and new trading profits, respectively, and were set forth in the reports delivered to the Series by the counterparty. In addition to the counterparty management fee and the CTA Fees, the underlying transactions executed by the commodity trading advisors may have been subject to the deduction of certain prime brokerage, exchange and other related fees and charges, each of which were reflected in the transaction values, and consequently the value of the index.

 

Prior to the termination of the swap, the management fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps was 1.00% per annum of notional assets. The incentive fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps were 15% of new net trading profits on a monthly or quarterly basis. To the extent that there were embedded management and incentive fees incurred in a swap investment, the Managing Owner waived any management and incentive fees to which it was otherwise entitled. The management and incentive fees embedded in a swap may have been higher or lower than the management and incentive fee that would otherwise be charged to a Series by the Managing Owner.

 

As of September 30, 2020, the management fee embedded in swaps owned by the Frontier Select Fund was 0.00% per annum, and the managing owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from the Frontier Select Fund in respect of the Frontier Select Fund’s investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee was accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

 

110

 

  

Based on an analysis of the management fees charged to Frontier Select Fund, the effective management fee rate of the Frontier Select Fund was equal to the management fee rate otherwise payable to the Managing Owner. The effective management fee rate for the Series was calculated for the period covered by the Form 10-Q by dividing the aggregate management fees paid by such Series (whether directly to the Managing Owner, or as an embedded management fee paid to a third-party commodity trading advisor) by the aggregate assets on which such management fees were paid. For the quarter ended September 30, 2020, the effective management fee rate of Frontier Select Fund was 2.50%, compared to a management fee payable to the Managing Owner of 2.50%. For the quarter ended September 30, 2020, the management and incentive fees embedded in gains (losses) from trading companies owned by Frontier Select Fund was $0. 

 

The Frontier Select Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Agriculturals sectors. 

 

 

111

 

 

Two of the six sectors traded in the Frontier Select Fund were profitable in Q3 2020 and two of the six were profitable YTD. Metals and Energies were positive while Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices and Agriculturals were negative for the quarter. Energies and Interest Rates were profitable YTD while Metals, Currencies, Stock Indices and Agriculturals finished negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, John Locke and Welton finished negative for the quarter. Doherty was flat for the quarter. Welton finished positive YTD while Brevan Howard, Doherty, John Locke and Transtrend finished negative YTD.

 

2019

 

The Frontier Select Fund—Class 1 NAV gained 8.89% and lost 16.46%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Select Fund —Class 2 NAV gained 11.41% and lost 14.56% respectively for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Select Fund—Class 1AP NAV gained 10.37% and lost 14.57%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.

 

For the nine months September 30, 2019, the Frontier Select Fund recorded net gain on investments of $463,062, net investment loss of $146,656 and total expenses of $146,651, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $316,406. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Frontier Select Fund recorded net loss on investments of $865,762, net investment loss of $197,890, and total expenses of $197,890, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $1,063,652. The NAV per Unit, Class 1, increased from $71.41 at December 31, 2018 to $77.76 as of September 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 1AP, increased from $82.48 at December 31, 2018 to $91.03 as of September 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, increased from $108.18 at December 31, 2018 to $120.52 as of September 30, 2019. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $510,200 respectively. Total Class 1AP redemptions for the period were $0. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $44,191, respectively. Ending capital at September 30, 2019 was $3,495,798 for Class 1, $12,562 for Class 1AP and $110,517 for Class 2. Ending capital at December 31, 2018 was $3,709,130 for Class 1, $1,897 for Class 1AP and $145,835 for Class 2.

 

The Frontier Select Fund invests in one or more swaps. To the extent that the Series invests in a swap, the swap references an index, consisting of the performance realized on the trading program of one or more commodity trading advisors. Such performance is net of management fees and incentive fees paid to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s), brokerage fees and certain other related fees and charges, and therefore these fees are said to be embedded.

 

The aggregate fees embedded in a swap are provided for in the index description for the relevant swap. In addition to the CTA Fees, each index provides for the deduction of a management fee to the counterparty for the swap. The counterparty management fee is determined based on the management fee spread set forth in the index description, while the CTA Fees are based on a percentage of the assets managed by each trading advisor and new trading profits, respectively, and are set forth in the reports delivered to the Series by the counterparty. In addition to the counterparty management fee and the CTA Fees, the underlying transactions executed by the commodity trading advisors may be subject to the deduction of certain prime brokerage, exchange and other related fees and charges, each of which are reflected in the transaction values, and consequently the value of the index.

 

The current management fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 1.00% per annum of notional assets. The current incentive fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 15% of new net trading profits on a monthly or quarterly basis. To the extent that there are embedded management and incentive fees incurred in a swap investment, the Managing Owner waives any management and incentive fees to which it is otherwise entitled. The management and incentive fees embedded in a swap may be higher or lower than the management and incentive fee that would otherwise be charged to a Series by the Managing Owner.

 

112

 

  

As of September 30, 2019, the management fee embedded in swaps owned by the Frontier Select Fund was 1.00% per annum, and the managing owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from the Frontier Select Fund in respect of the Frontier Select Fund’s investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee is accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

 

Based on an analysis of the management fees charged to Frontier Select Fund, the effective management fee rate of the Frontier Select Fund was lower than the management fee rate otherwise payable to the Managing Owner. The effective management fee rate for the Series was calculated for the period covered by the Form 10-Q by dividing the aggregate management fees paid by such Series (whether directly to the Managing Owner, or as an embedded management fee paid to a third-party commodity trading advisor) by the aggregate assets on which such management fees were paid. For the quarter ended September 30, 2019, the effective management fee rate of the Frontier Select Fund was 2.01%, compared to a management fee payable to the Managing Owner of 2.50%. For the quarter ended September 30, 2019, the management and incentive fees embedded in gains (losses) from trading companies owned by the Frontier Select Fund was $4,853.

 

The Frontier Select Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies and Agriculturals sectors. 

 

 

113

 

 

Three of the six sectors traded in the Frontier Select Fund were profitable in Q3 2019 and two of the six were profitable YTD. Metals, Currencies and Interest Rates were positive while Energies, Agriculturals and Stock Indices were negative for the quarter. Currencies and Interest Rates were profitable YTD while Metals, Energies, Agriculturals and Stock Indices finished negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, Transtrend and Welton finished positive for the quarter and Brevan Howard finished negative for the quarter. Brevan Howard and Welton finished positive YTD while Transtrend finished negative YTD.

  

Frontier Global Fund

 

2020

 

The Frontier Global Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 20.79% and gained 15.54%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Global Fund—Class 2 NAV lost 18.98% and gained 18.18%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Global Fund—Class 1AP NAV lost 18.80% and gained 18.17%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Frontier Global Fund recorded net loss on investments of $524,909, net investment loss of $231,358, and total expenses of $231,358, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $756,267. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Global Fund recorded net gain on investments of $1,324,354, net investment loss of $386,197, and total expenses of $386,195, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $938,157.

 

The NAV per Unit, Class 1, decreased from $131.52 at December 31, 2019 to $104.18 as of September 30, 2020. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, decreased from $192.82 at December 31, 2019 to $156.22 as of September 30, 2020. The NAV per Unit, Class 1AP, decreased from $154.43 at December 31, 2019 to $125.39 as of September 30, 2020. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $1,009,896, respectively. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $132,401, respectively. Total Class 1AP subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $0, respectively. Ending capital, at September 30, 2020 was $2,745,609 for Class 1, $177,301 for Class 2 and $26,771 for Class 1AP. Ending capital, at December 31, 2019 was $4,471,980 for Class 1, $343,217 for Class 2 and $33,047 for Class 1AP.

 

114

 

  

Frontier Global Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Agriculturals sectors. 

 

 

 

None of the six sectors traded in the Frontier Global Fund were profitable in Q3 2020 and two of the six were profitable YTD. Interest Rates, Agriculturals, Currencies, Metals, Energies and Stock Indices were negative for the quarter. Interest Rates and Energies were positive YTD while Agriculturals, Metals, Currencies and Stock Indices were negative YTD. 

 

2019

 

The Frontier Global Fund—Class 1 NAV gained 15.54% and lost 8.21%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Global Fund—Class 2 NAV gained 18.18% and lost 4.76%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Global Fund—Class 1AP NAV gained 18.17% and lost 6.19%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Global Fund recorded net gain on investments of $1,324,354, net investment loss of $386,197, and total expenses of $386,195, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $938,157. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Frontier Global Fund recorded net loss on investments of $338,678, net investment loss of $855,067, and total expenses of $855,067, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $1,193,745.

 

The NAV per Unit, Class 1, increased from $131.57 at December 31, 2018 to $152.02 as of September 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 1AP, increased from $149.92 at December 31, 2018 to $177.16 as of September 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, increased from $187.17 at December 31, 2018 to $221.20 as of September 30, 2019. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $2,901,069, respectively. There were no subscriptions or redemptions for Class 1AP. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $84,395, respectively. Ending capital at September 30, 2019 was $5,719,820 for Class 1, $37,912 for Class 1AP, and $403,252 for Class 2. Ending capital at December 31, 2018 was $7,755,444 for Class 1, $32,082 for Class 1AP and $420,765 for Class 2.

 

115

 

  

The Frontier Global Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Agriculturals sectors. 

 

 

 

Three of the six sectors traded in the Frontier Global Fund were profitable in Q3 2019 and two of the six were profitable YTD. Metals, Currencies and Interest Rates were positive while Agriculturals, Stock Indices and Energies were negative for the quarter. Interest Rates and Currencies were positive YTD while Agriculturals, Stock Indices, Metals and Energies were negative YTD.

 

Frontier Heritage Fund

 

2020

 

The Frontier Heritage Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 10.92% and gained 13.12%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Heritage Fund—Class 2 NAV lost 8.91% and gained 15.70%, respectively for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Heritage Fund—Class 1AP NAV lost 8.43% and gained 17.34%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Frontier Heritage Fund recorded net loss on investments of $37,942, net investment loss of $134,838, and total expenses of $134,838, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $268,694, after non-controlling interests of $95,914. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Heritage Fund recorded net gain on investments of $637,595, net investment loss of $162,068, and total expenses of $162,062, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $435,283, after non-controlling interests of $40,244.

 

116

 

  

The NAV per Unit, Class 1, decreased from $97.54 as of December 31, 2019 to $86.88 at September 30, 2020. The NAV per Unit, Class 1AP, decreased from $114.15 as of December 31, 2019 to $104.53 at September 30, 2020. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, decreased from $153.59 as of December 31, 2019 to $139.90 at September 30, 2020. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period $0 and $84,653, respectively. Total Class 1AP subscriptions and redemptions for the period $0 and $0, respectively. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period $0 and $304,812, respectively. Ending capital, at September 30, 2020, was $1,970,940 for Class 1, $7,591 for Class 1AP and $189,322 for Class 2. Ending capital, at December 31, 2019, was $2,295,623 for Class 1, $8,333 for Class 1AP and $522,057 for Class 2.

 

The Frontier Heritage Fund invested in one or more swaps which were terminated effective May 30, 2020. To the extent that the Series invested in a swap, the swap referenced an index, consisting of the performance realized on the trading program of one or more commodity trading advisors. Such performance was net of management fees and incentive fees paid to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s), brokerage fees and certain other related fees and charges, and therefore these fees were said to be embedded.

 

The aggregate fees embedded in a swap were provided for in the index description for the relevant swap. In addition to the CTA Fees, each index provided for the deduction of a management fee to the counterparty for the swap. The counterparty management fee was determined based on the management fee spread set forth in the index description, while the CTA Fees were based on a percentage of the assets managed by each trading advisor and new trading profits, respectively, and were set forth in the reports delivered to the Series by the counterparty. In addition to the counterparty management fee and the CTA Fees, the underlying transactions executed by the commodity trading advisors may have been subject to the deduction of certain prime brokerage, exchange and other related fees and charges, each of which were reflected in the transaction values, and consequently the value of the index.

 

Prior to the termination of the swap, the management fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps was 1.00% per annum of notional assets. The incentive fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps was 15% of new net trading profits on a monthly or quarterly basis. To the extent that there were embedded management and incentive fees incurred in a swap investment, the Managing Owner waived any management and incentive fees to which it was otherwise entitled. The management and incentive fees embedded in a swap may have been higher or lower than the management and incentive fee that would otherwise be charged to a Series by the Managing Owner.

 

As of September 30, 2020, the management fee embedded in swaps owned by the Frontier Heritage Fund was 0.00% per annum, and the managing owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from the Frontier Select Fund in respect of the Frontier Select Fund’s investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee was accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

 

Based on an analysis of the management fees charged to Frontier Heritage Fund, the effective management fee rate of the Frontier Heritage Fund was equal to the management fee rate otherwise payable to the Managing Owner. The effective management fee rate for the Series was calculated for the period covered by the Form 10-Q by dividing the aggregate management fees paid by such Series (whether directly to the Managing Owner, or as an embedded management fee paid to a third-party commodity trading advisor) by the aggregate assets on which such management fees were paid. For the quarter ended September 30, 2020, the effective management fee rate of the Frontier Heritage Fund was 2.50%, compared to a management fee payable to the Managing Owner of 2.50%. For the quarter ended September 30, 2020, the management and incentive fees embedded in gains (losses) from trading companies owned by the Frontier Heritage Fund was $0. 

 

117

 

 

The Frontier Heritage Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Agriculturals sectors. 

 

 

One of the six sectors traded in the Frontier Heritage Fund was profitable in Q3 2020 and two of the six were profitable YTD. Interest Rates were positive while Energies, Currencies, Metals, Agriculturals and Stock Indices were negative for the quarter. Energies and Interest Rates were profitable YTD while Agriculturals, Currencies, Metals and Stock Indices finished negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, no CTA’s were positive for Q3 2020. Aspect Capital and Welton were negative for the quarter. Welton was positive YTD while Aspect Capital and Brevan Howard were negative YTD.

 

118

 

  

2019

 

The Frontier Heritage Fund—Class 1 NAV gained 13.12% and lost 16.59%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Heritage Fund—Class 2 NAV gained 15.70% and lost 14.69%, respectively for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Heritage Fund—Class 1AP NAV gained 17.34% and lost 14.67%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.

 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Frontier Heritage Fund recorded net gain on investments of $637,595, net investment loss of $162,068, and total expenses of $162,062, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $435,283, after non-controlling interests of $40,244. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Frontier Heritage Fund recorded net loss on investments of $695,930, net investment loss $304,427, and total expenses of $304,427, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $959,592, after non-controlling interests of $40,765.

 

The NAV per Unit, Class 1, increased from $99.83 at December 31, 2018 to $112.93 as of September 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 1AP, increased from $111.78 at December 31, 2018 to $131.16 as of September 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, increased from $152.53 at December 31, 2018 to $176.48 as of September 30, 2019. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $897,838, respectively. Total Class 1AP redemptions were $0. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $106,031, respectively. Ending capital at September 30, 2019 was $2,768,782 for Class 1, $9,575 for Class 1AP and $606,741 for Class 2. Ending capital at December 31, 2018 was $3,331,725 for Class 1, $1,006 for Class 1AP and $620,953 for Class 2.

 

The Frontier Heritage Fund invests in one or more swaps. To the extent that the Series invests in a swap, the swap references an index, consisting of the performance realized on the trading program of one or more commodity trading advisors. Such performance is net of management fees and incentive fees paid to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s), brokerage fees and certain other related fees and charges, and therefore these fees are said to be embedded.

 

The aggregate fees embedded in a swap are provided for in the index description for the relevant swap. In addition to the CTA Fees, each index provides for the deduction of a management fee to the counterparty for the swap. The counterparty management fee is determined based on the management fee spread set forth in the index description, while the CTA Fees are based on a percentage of the assets managed by each trading advisor and new trading profits, respectively, and are set forth in the reports delivered to the Series by the counterparty. In addition to the counterparty management fee and the CTA Fees, the underlying transactions executed by the commodity trading advisors may be subject to the deduction of certain prime brokerage, exchange and other related fees and charges, each of which are reflected in the transaction values, and consequently the value of the index.

 

The current management fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 1.00% per annum of notional assets. The current incentive fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 15% of new net trading profits on a monthly or quarterly basis. To the extent that there are embedded management and incentive fees incurred in a swap investment, the Managing Owner waives any management and incentive fees to which it is otherwise entitled. The management and incentive fees embedded in a swap may be higher or lower than the management and incentive fees that would otherwise be charged to a Series by the Managing Owner.

 

As of September 30, 2019, the management fee embedded in swaps owned by the Frontier Heritage Fund was 1.00% per annum, and the managing owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from the Frontier Heritage Fund in respect of the Frontier Heritage Fund’s investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee is accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

 

Based on an analysis of the management fees charged to Frontier Heritage Fund, the effective management fee rate of the Frontier Heritage Fund was lower than the management fee rate otherwise payable to the Managing Owner. The effective management fee rate for the Series was calculated for the period covered by the Form 10-Q by dividing the aggregate management fees paid by such Series (whether directly to the Managing Owner, or as an embedded management fee paid to a third-party commodity trading advisor) by the aggregate assets on which such management fees were paid. For the quarter ended September 30, 2019, the effective management fee rate of the Frontier Heritage Fund was 2.18%, compared to a management fee payable to the Managing Owner of 2.50%. For the quarter ended September 30, 2019, the management and incentive fees embedded in gains (losses) from trading companies owned by the Frontier Heritage Fund was $4,689.

 

119

 

  

The Frontier Heritage Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Agriculturals sectors. 

 

 

Three of the six sectors traded in the Frontier Heritage Fund were profitable in Q3 2019 and two of the six were profitable YTD. Interest Rates, Metals and Currencies were positive while Energies, Agriculturals and Stock Indices were negative for the quarter. Currencies and Interest Rates were profitable YTD while Energies, , Agriculturals, Metals and Stock Indices finished negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, none of the CTA’s were positive for Q3 2019 while Aspect Capital, Brevan Howard and Welton were negative for the quarter. Aspect Capital and Welton were positive YTD while Brevan Howard and Winton were negative YTD.

 

120

 

  

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

The Trust is a speculative commodity pool. The market sensitive instruments, which are held by the Trading Companies or Galaxy Plus entities in which the Series are invested, are acquired for speculative trading purposes, and all or a substantial amount of the Series’ assets are subject to the risk of trading loss. Unlike an operating company, the risk of market sensitive instruments is integral, not incidental, to the Series’ main line of business.

 

Market movements result in frequent changes in the fair market value of each Trading Company’s open positions and, consequently, in each Series of the Trust’s earnings and cash flow. The Trading Companies’ and Galaxy Plus entities’ and consequently the Series’ market risk is influenced by a wide variety of factors, including the level and volatility of exchange rates, interest rates, equity price levels, the market value of financial instruments and contracts, the diversification effects among the open positions and the liquidity of the markets in which trades are made.

 

Each Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity rapidly acquires and liquidates both long and short positions in a wide range of different markets. Consequently, it is not possible to predict how a particular future market scenario will affect performance, and the past performance for any Series is not necessarily indicative of the future results of such Series.

 

Additional risk of trading loss from investment in an unaffiliated Trading Company may result from the Managing Owner’s inability to directly control or stop trading in the event of exercise of certain withdrawal provisions in the investment agreement.

 

The Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities, and consequently the Series’ primary market risk exposures as well as the strategies used and to be used by the Trading Advisors for managing such exposures are subject to numerous uncertainties, contingencies and risks, any one of which could cause the actual results of the Trust’s and the Managing Owner’s risk controls to differ materially from the objectives of such strategies. Government interventions, defaults and expropriations, illiquid markets, the emergence of dominant fundamental factors, political upheavals, changes in historical price relationships, an influx of new market participants, increased regulation and many other factors could result in material losses as well as in material changes to the risk exposures and the risk management strategies of the Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities and consequently the Trust. There can be no assurance that the Trading Companies’ and Galaxy Plus entities’ current market exposure and/or risk management strategies will not change materially or that any such strategies will be effective in either the short- or long-term. Investors must be prepared to lose all or substantially all of their investment in a Series.

 

Quantitative Market Risk

 

The Series’ approximate risk exposure in the various market sectors traded by its Trading Advisors is quantified below in terms of value at risk. Due to the Series’ mark-to-market accounting, any loss in the fair value of the Series’ (through the Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities) open positions is directly reflected in the Series’ earnings, realized or unrealized gain/loss.

 

Exchange maintenance margin requirements have been used by the Trust as the measure of its value at risk. Maintenance margin requirements are set by exchanges to equal or exceed the maximum losses reasonably expected to be incurred in the fair value of any given contract in 95% to 99% of any one-day interval. The maintenance margin levels are established by brokers, dealers and exchanges using historical price studies as well as an assessment of current market volatility and economic fundamentals to provide a probabilistic estimate of the maximum expected near-term one-day price fluctuation. Maintenance margin has been used rather than the more generally available initial margin, because initial margin includes a credit risk component that is not relevant to value at risk.

 

121

 

  

In the case of market sensitive instruments that are not exchange-traded, including currencies and some energy products and metals, the margin requirements for the equivalent futures positions have been used as value at risk. In those cases in which a futures-equivalent margin is not available, dealers’ margins have been used.

 

In the case of contracts denominated in foreign currencies, the value at risk figures include foreign currency margin amounts converted into U.S. dollars with an incremental adjustment to reflect the exchange rate risk inherent to the Series, which is valued in U.S. dollars, in expressing value at risk in a functional currency other than U.S. dollars.

 

In quantifying each Series’ value at risk, 100% positive correlation in the different positions held in each market risk category has been assumed. Consequently, the margin requirements applicable to the open contracts have simply been aggregated to determine each trading category’s aggregate value at risk. The diversification effects resulting from the fact that the Series’ positions held through the Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities are rarely, if ever, 100% positively correlated have not been reflected.

 

Value at Risk by Market Sectors

 

The following tables present the trading value at risk associated with each Series’ exposure to open positions (as held by the Trading Companies) by market sector as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. All open position trading risk exposures of the Series have been included in calculating the figures set forth below.

 

DOMESTIC EXPOSURE

 

Frontier Diversified Fund:

 

   September 30, 2020   December 31, 2019 
   VALUE   % OF TOTAL   VALUE   % OF TOTAL 
MARKET SECTOR  AT RISK   CAPITALIZATION   AT RISK   CAPITALIZATION 
                 
Interest Rates  $4,553,855    87.57%    $6,384,583    53.21%
Currencies   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Stock Indices   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Metals   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Agriculturals/Softs   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Energy   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Total:  $4,553,855    87.57%  $6,384,583    53.21%

 

Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund:

 

   September 30, 2020   December 31, 2019 
   VALUE   % OF TOTAL   VALUE   % OF TOTAL 
MARKET SECTOR  AT RISK   CAPITALIZATION   AT RISK   CAPITALIZATION 
                 
Interest Rates  $578,274    45.68%    $362,521    27.17%
Currencies   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Stock Indices   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Metals   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Agriculturals/Softs   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Energy   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Total:  $578,274    45.68%  $362,521    27.17%

 

122

 

 

Frontier Masters Fund:

 

   September 30, 2020   December 31, 2019 
MARKET SECTOR  VALUE
AT RISK
   % OF TOTAL
CAPITALIZATION
   VALUE
AT RISK
   % OF TOTAL
CAPITALIZATION
 
                 
Interest Rates  $     -    0.00%    $      -    0.00%
Currencies   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Stock Indices   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Metals   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Agriculturals/Softs   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Energy   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Total:  $-    0.00%  $-    0.00%

 

Frontier Balanced Fund:

 

   September 30, 2020   December 31, 2019 
MARKET SECTOR  VALUE
AT RISK
   % OF TOTAL
CAPITALIZATION
   VALUE
AT RISK
   % OF TOTAL
CAPITALIZATION
 
                 
Interest Rates  $7,328,920    64.24%    $11,944,754    53.10%
Currencies   627,366    5.89%   1,025,862    4.56%
Stock Indices   -    0.00%   21,385    0.10%
Metals   159,908    1.40%   55,303    0.25%
Agriculturals/Softs   380,352    3.33%   28,927    0.13%
Energy   36,680    0.32%   4,115    0.02%
Total:  $8,578,225    75.18%  $13,080,345    58.15%

 

Frontier Select Fund:

 

   September 30, 2020   December 31, 2019 
MARKET SECTOR 

VALUE

AT RISK

  

% OF TOTAL

CAPITALIZATION

  

VALUE

AT RISK

  

% OF TOTAL

CAPITALIZATION

 
                 
Interest Rates  $           -    0.00%    $1,400,214    49.71%
Currencies   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Stock Indices   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Metals   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Agriculturals/Softs   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Energy   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Total:  $-    0.00%  $1,400,214    49.71%

 

Frontier Global Fund:

 

   September 30, 2020   December 31, 2019 
MARKET SECTOR  VALUE
AT RISK
   % OF TOTAL
CAPITALIZATION
  

VALUE

AT RISK

   % OF TOTAL
CAPITALIZATION
 
                 
Interest Rates  $           -    0.00%    $           -    0.00%
Currencies   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Stock Indices   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Metals   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Agriculturals/Softs   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Energy   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Total:  $-    0.00%  $-    0.00%

 

123

 

  

Frontier Heritage Fund: 

 

    September 30, 2020     December 31, 2019  
MARKET SECTOR   VALUE
AT RISK
    % OF TOTAL
CAPITALIZATION
    VALUE
AT RISK
    % OF TOTAL
CAPITALIZATION
 
                         
Interest Rates   $            -       0.00 %     $ 1,487,795       45.02 %
Currencies     -       0.00 %     -       0.00 %
Stock Indices     -       0.00 %     -       0.00 %
Metals     -       0.00 %     -       0.00 %
Agriculturals/Softs     -       0.00 %     -       0.00 %
Energy     -       0.00 %     -       0.00 %
Total:   $ -       0.00 %   $ 1,487,795       45.02 %

 

As of September 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019, portions of the assets of the Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Diversified Fund and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund are invested in swap contracts (please refer to Note 4 in the Series Financial Statements). Margin information is not available for these contracts, therefore no value at risk calculations were included in the table for these investments. The Frontier Select Fund (through its investment in an unconsolidated trading company) and Frontier Heritage Fund swap investments were liquidated as of May 30, 2020.

 

Value at Risk: Foreign Markets

 

The following tables present the trading value at risk associated with each Series’ exposure to open positions (as held by the Trading Companies) by market sector as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. All open position trading risk exposures of the Series have been included in calculating the figures set forth below.

 

FOREIGN EXPOSURE

 

Frontier Diversified Fund

 

   September 30, 2020   December 31, 2019 
MARKET SECTOR  VALUE
AT RISK
   % OF TOTAL
CAPITALIZATION
  

VALUE

AT RISK

   % OF TOTAL
CAPITALIZATION
 
                 
Interest Rates  $        -    0.00%    $        -    0.00%
Currencies   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Stock Indices   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Metals   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Agriculturals/Softs   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Energy   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Total:  $-    0.00%  $-    0.00%

 

124

 

  

Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund

 

   September 30, 2020   December 31, 2019 
MARKET SECTOR  VALUE
AT RISK
  

% OF TOTAL

CAPITALIZATION

  

VALUE

AT RISK

   % OF TOTAL
CAPITALIZATION
 
                 
Interest Rates  $        -    0.00%    $        -    0.00%
Currencies   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Stock Indices   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Metals   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Agriculturals/Softs   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Energy   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Total:  $-    0.00%  $-    0.00%

 

Frontier Masters Fund

 

   September 30, 2020   December 31, 2019 
MARKET SECTOR  VALUE
AT RISK
  

% OF TOTAL

CAPITALIZATION

  

VALUE

AT RISK

   % OF TOTAL
CAPITALIZATION
 
                 
Interest Rates  $        -    0.00%    $        -    0.00%
Currencies   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Stock Indices   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Metals   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Agriculturals/Softs   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Energy   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Total:  $-    0.00%  $-    0.00%

 

Frontier Balanced Fund:

 

   September 30, 2020   December 31, 2019 
MARKET SECTOR  VALUE
AT RISK
  

% OF TOTAL

CAPITALIZATION

  

VALUE

AT RISK

   % OF TOTAL
CAPITALIZATION
 
                 
Interest Rates  $438,076    3.84%    $13,440    0.06%
Currencies   16,355    0.14%   -    0.00%
Stock Indices   7,435    0.07%   30,900    0.14%
Metals   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Agriculturals/Softs   54,836    0.48%   709    0.00%
Energy   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Total:  $516,702    4.53%  $45,049    0.20%

 

Frontier Select Fund:

 

   September 30, 2020   December 31, 2019 
MARKET SECTOR  VALUE
AT RISK
  

% OF TOTAL

CAPITALIZATION

  

VALUE

AT RISK

   % OF TOTAL
CAPITALIZATION
 
                 
Interest Rates  $        -    0.00%    $        -    0.00%
Currencies   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Stock Indices   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Metals   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Agriculturals/Softs   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Energy   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Total:  $-    0.00%  $-    0.00%

 

125

 

  

Frontier Global Fund:

 

   September 30, 2020   December 31, 2019 
MARKET SECTOR  VALUE
AT RISK
  

% OF TOTAL

CAPITALIZATION

  

VALUE

AT RISK

   % OF TOTAL
CAPITALIZATION
 
                 
Interest Rates  $        -    0.00%    $        -    0.00%
Currencies   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Stock Indices   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Metals   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Agriculturals/Softs   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Energy   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Total:  $-    0.00%  $-    0.00%

 

Frontier Heritage Fund:

 

   September 30, 2020   December 31, 2019 
MARKET SECTOR  VALUE
AT RISK
  

% OF TOTAL

CAPITALIZATION

  

VALUE

AT RISK

   % OF TOTAL
CAPITALIZATION
 
                 
Interest Rates  $        -    0.00%    $        -    0.00%
Currencies   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Stock Indices   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Metals   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Agriculturals/Softs   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Energy   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Total:  $-    0.00%  $-    0.00%

 

As of September 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019, a portion of the assets of the Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Diversified Fund and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund are invested in swap contracts (please refer to Note 4 in the Series Financial Statements). Margin information is not available for these contracts, therefore no value at risk calculations were included in the table for these investments. The Frontier Select Fund (through its investment in an unconsolidated trading company) and Frontier Heritage Fund swap investments were liquidated as of May 30, 2020.

 

Material Limitations on Value at Risk as an Assessment of Market Risk

 

The face value of the market sector instruments held on behalf of the Series is typically many times the applicable maintenance margin requirement, which generally ranges between approximately 1% and 10% of contract face value, as well as many times the capitalization of the Series. The magnitude of each Series’ open positions creates a risk of ruin not typically found in most other investment vehicles. Because of the size of their positions, certain market conditions, although unusual, but historically recurring from time to time, could cause a Series to incur severe losses over a short period of time. The value at risk table above, as well as the past performance of the Series, gives no indication of this risk of severe losses.

 

Non-Trading Risk

 

The Series have non-trading market risk on their foreign cash balances not needed for margin. However, these balances, as well as the market risk they represent, are immaterial. The Series also have non-trading market risk as a result of investing a portion of their available assets in U.S. government securities which include any security issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S., or by a person controlled by or supervised by and acting as an instrumentality of the government of the U.S. pursuant to authority granted by Congress of the U.S. or any certificate of deposit for any of the foregoing, including U.S. treasury bonds, U.S. treasury bills and issues of agencies of the U.S. government, and certain cash items such as money market funds, certificates of deposit (under three months) and time deposits. The market risk represented by these investments is also immaterial.

 

126

 

 

Qualitative Market Risk

 

The following are the primary trading risk exposures of the Series of the Trust as of September 30, 2020, by market sector.

 

Interest Rates  

 

Interest rate risk is one of the principal market exposures of each Series. Interest rate movements directly affect the price of interest rate futures positions held and indirectly the value of a Trading Company’s stock index and currency positions. Interest rate movements in one country as well as relative interest rate movements between countries materially impact profitability. The primary interest rate exposure is to interest rate fluctuations in the U.S. and the other G-7 countries. However, the Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities also may take futures positions on the government debt of smaller nations. The Managing Owner anticipates that G-7 interest rates will remain the primary market exposure of each Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entities and accordingly of each Series for the foreseeable future. The changes in interest rates which are expected to have the most effect on the Series are changes in long-term, as opposed to short-term rates. Most of the speculative positions to be held by the Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities will be in medium- to long-term instruments. Consequently, even a material change in short term rates is expected to have little effect on the Series if the medium- to long-term rates remain steady. Aggregate interest income from all sources, including assets held at clearing brokers, of up to 2% (annualized) is paid to the Managing Owner by the Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1 and Class 2 only), Frontier Global Fund, Frontier Select Fund and Frontier Heritage Fund. For the Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 1a, Class 2a, Class 3a only), Frontier Masters Fund and Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1AP, Class 2a and Class 3a), 20% of the total interest allocated to each Series was paid to the Managing Owner from January 1, 2017 through April 28, 2017; thereafter 100% of the interest is retained by the respective Series.

 

Currencies

 

Exchange rate risk is a significant market exposure of each Series of the Trust in general. For each Series of the Trust in general, currency exposure is to exchange rate fluctuations, primarily fluctuations that disrupt the historical pricing relationships between different currencies and currency pairs. These fluctuations are influenced by interest rate changes as well as political and general economic conditions. The Trading Advisors on behalf of a Series trade in a large number of currencies, including cross-rates, which are positions between two currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The Managing Owner does not anticipate that the risk profile of the Series’ currency sector will change significantly in the future. 

 

Stock Indices

 

For each Series, its primary equity exposure is equity price risk in the G-7 countries as well as other smaller jurisdictions. Each Series of the Trust is primarily exposed to the risk of adverse price trends or static markets in the major U.S., European and Japanese indices.

 

Metals

 

For each Series, its metals market exposure is fluctuations in the price of both precious metals, including gold and silver, as well as base metals including aluminum, copper, nickel and zinc. Some metals, such as gold, are used as surrogate stores of value, in place of hard currency, and thus have currency or interest rate risk associated with them relative to their price in a specific currency. Other metals, such as silver, platinum, copper and steel, have substantial industrial applications, and may be subject to forces affecting industrial production and demand.

 

Agriculturals/Softs

 

Each Series may also invest in raw commodities and may thus have exposure to agricultural price movements, which are often directly affected by severe or unexpected weather conditions or by political events in countries that comprise significant sources of commodity supply.

 

Energy

 

For each Series its primary energy market exposure is in oil, gas and other energy product price movements, often resulting from political developments and ongoing conflicts in the Middle East. Oil and gas prices can be volatile and substantial profits and losses have been and are expected to continue to be experienced in this market.

 

127

 

  

Other Trading Risks

 

As a result of leverage, small changes in the price of a Trading Company’s positions may result in substantial losses for a Series. Futures, forwards and options are typically traded on margin. This means that a small amount of capital can be used to invest in contracts of much greater total value. The resulting leverage means that a relatively small change in the market price of a contract can produce a substantial loss. Like other leveraged investments, any purchase or sale of a contract may result in losses in excess of the amount invested in that contract. The Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities may lose more than their initial margin deposits on a trade.

 

The Trading Companies’ and Galaxy Plus entities’ trading is subject to execution risks. Market conditions may make it impossible for the Trading Advisors to execute a buy or sell order at the desired price, or to close out an open position. Daily price fluctuation limits are established by the exchanges and approved by the CFTC. When the market price of a contract reaches its daily price fluctuation limit, no trades can be executed at prices outside the limit. The holder of a contract may therefore be locked into an adverse price movement for several days or more and lose considerably more than the initial margin put up to establish the position. Thinly traded or illiquid markets also can make it difficult or impossible to execute trades. The Trading Advisor’s positions are subject to speculative limits. The CFTC and domestic exchanges have established speculative position limits on the maximum futures position which any person, or group of persons acting in concert, may hold or control in particular futures contracts or options on futures contracts traded on U.S. commodity exchanges. Under current regulations, other accounts of the Trading Advisors are combined with the positions held by them on behalf of the applicable Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity for position limit purposes. This trading could preclude additional trading in these commodities by the Trading Advisors for the accounts of the Series.

 

Systematic strategies do not consider fundamental types of data and do not have the benefit of discretionary decision making. The assets of the Series are allocated to Trading Advisors that rely on technical, systematic strategies that do not take into account factors external to the market itself (although certain of these strategies may have minor discretionary elements incorporated into their systematic strategy). The widespread use of technical trading systems frequently results in numerous Trading Advisors attempting to execute similar trades at or about the same time, altering trading patterns and affecting market liquidity. Furthermore, the profit potential of trend-following systems may be diminished by the changing character of the markets, which may make historical price data (on which technical programs are based) only marginally relevant to future market patterns. Systematic strategies are developed on the basis of a statistical analysis of market prices. Consequently, any factor external to the market itself that dominates prices that a discretionary decision maker may take into account may cause major losses for a systematic strategy. For example, a pending political or economic event may be very likely to cause a major price movement, but a systematic strategy may continue to maintain positions indicated by its trading method that might incur major losses if the event proved to be adverse.

 

128

 

 

Cyber Risks and Security

 

The Trust’s business requires it to use and store investor, employee and business partner personally identifiable information (“PII”). This may include, among other information, names, addresses, phone numbers, email addresses, contact preferences, tax identification numbers and payment account information.

 

The Trust requires usernames and passwords in order to access its information technology systems. The Trust also uses encryption and authentication technologies designed to secure the transmission and storage of data and prevent access to Trust data or accounts. These security measures are subject to third-party security breaches, employee error, malfeasance, faulty password management, or other irregularities. To help protect investors and the Trust, the Trust monitors accounts and systems for unusual activity and may freeze accounts under suspicious circumstances.

 

The Trust devotes significant resources to network security, data encryption and other security measures to protect its systems and data, but these security measures cannot provide absolute security. To the extent the Trust was to experience a breach of its systems and was unable to protect sensitive data, such a breach could materially damage business partner and investor relationships. Moreover, if a computer security breach affects the Trust’s systems or results in the unauthorized release of PII, the Trust’s reputation and brand could be materially damaged and the Trust could be exposed to a risk of loss or litigation and possible liability. While the Trust maintains insurance coverage that, subject to policy terms and conditions and subject to a significant self-insured retention, is designed to address certain aspects of cyber risks, such insurance coverage may be insufficient to cover all losses or all types of claims that may arise in the continually evolving area of cyber risk.

 

Qualitative Disclosures Regarding Means of Managing Risk Exposure

 

The means by which the Managing Owner attempts to manage the risk of the Trust’s open positions is essentially the same in all market categories traded. The Managing Owner applies risk management policies to trading which generally are designed to limit the total exposure of assets under management. In addition, the Managing Owner follows diversification guidelines which are often formulated in terms of the balanced volatility between markets and correlated groups.

 

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures  

 

Under the supervision and with the participation of the management of the Managing Owner, including its Chairman and Chief Financial Officer, the Trust evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), for the Trust and each Series as of September 30, 2020 (the “Evaluation Date”). Any control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can only provide reasonable (not absolute) assurance that its objectives will be met. Furthermore, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. Based upon their evaluation, the Chairman and Chief Financial Officer of the Managing Owner concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, the disclosure controls and procedures for the Trust and each Series were effective to provide reasonable assurance that they are timely alerted to the material information relating to the Trust and each Series required to be included in the Trust’s periodic SEC filing.

 

Report on Management’s Assessment of Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

 

The management of the Managing Owner is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting by the Trust.  

 

The Managing Owner’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. 

 

The internal control over financial reporting for the Trust and each Series includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of the management of the Managing Owner; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements of the Trust or any Series.  

 

129

 

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements on a timely basis. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention of overriding controls. Accordingly, even effective internal control over financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.  

 

Management assessed the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting for the Trust and each Series as of September 30, 2020, based on the framework set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in its 2013 report entitled Internal Control-Integrated Framework

 

Based on that assessment, the Trust’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Trust maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2020.

 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

There were no changes in the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting for the quarter ended September 30, 2020.

 

This quarterly report does not include an attestation report of the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to the rules of the SEC that permit the Trust to provide only management’s report in this quarterly report.  

  

Scope of Exhibit 31 Certifications  

 

The certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Managing Owner included respectively as Exhibits 31.1 and 31.2 to this Form 10-Q apply not only to the Trust as a whole but also to each Series individually.

 

130

 

  

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

 

There are no material legal proceedings pending against the Trust, or any of the Series.

 

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.

 

There have been no material changes to the risk factors set forth under Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors.” in the Trust’s annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, as updated by Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors.” in the Trust’s Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020

 

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

 

The following table provides information regarding the sale of unregistered Units by the Trust for the three months ended September 30, 2020. The number of Units listed below for each transaction is the aggregate number of Units in the particular Series of the Trust purchased in such transaction. The consideration listed below for each transaction is, except as otherwise noted, the aggregate amount of cash paid for the Units purchased. For each transaction reported below, the price per Unit was NAV per Unit at the time of the transaction and the Managing Owner of the Trust was the purchaser of the Units. No underwriting discount or sales commission was paid or received with respect to any of the transactions reported below. The Trust claims an exemption from registration of each of the transactions listed below under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, as a sale by an issuer not involving a public offering.

 

SERIES   DATE   UNITS   CONSIDERATION
NONE            

 

One hundred percent of the offering proceeds from the sale of Units are initially available for the Series’ trading activities.

 

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.

 

None

 

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION.

 

None.

 

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS.

 

31.1   Certification of Principal Executive Officer of the Managing Owner pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. (filed herewith)
     
31.2   Certification of Chief Financial Officer of the Managing Owner pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. (filed herewith)
     
32.1   Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as enacted by Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
     
32.2   Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as enacted by Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
     
32.3   Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as enacted by Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
     
32.4   Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as enacted by Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
     
32.5   Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as enacted by Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
     
32.6   Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as enacted by Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
     
32.7   Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as enacted by Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
     
32.8   Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as enacted by Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
     
101   Financials in XBRL format

 

131

 

  

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

  Frontier Funds
  (Registrant)
     
Date: November 13, 2020 By: /s/ Patrick J. Kane
    Patrick J. Kane 
    Chairman and Chief Financial Officer of Frontier Fund
Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds
     
Date: November 13, 2020 By: /s/ Patrick F. Hart III
    Patrick F. Hart
    President and Chief Executive Officer of Frontier Fund
    Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

132

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

  Frontier Balanced Fund,
  a Series of Frontier Funds
  (Registrant)
     
Date: November 13, 2020 By: /s/ Patrick J. Kane
    Patrick J. Kane 
    Chairman and Chief Financial Officer of Frontier Fund
Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds
     
Date: November 13, 2020 By: /s/ Patrick F. Hart III
    Patrick F. Hart
    President and Chief Executive Officer of Frontier Fund
    Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

133

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

  Frontier Heritage Fund,
  a Series of Frontier Funds
  (Registrant)
     
Date: November 13, 2020 By: /s/ Patrick J. Kane
    Patrick J. Kane
    Chairman and Chief Financial Officer of Frontier Fund
Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

Date: November 13, 2020 By: /s/ Patrick F. Hart III
    Patrick F. Hart
    President and Chief Executive Officer of Frontier Fund
    Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

134

 

  

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. 

 

  Frontier Global Fund
  a Series of Frontier Funds
  (Registrant)
     
Date: November 13, 2020 By: /s/ Patrick J. Kane
    Patrick J. Kane 
    Chairman and Chief Financial Officer of Frontier Fund
Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

Date: November 13, 2020 By: /s/ Patrick F. Hart III
    Patrick F. Hart
    President and Chief Executive Officer of Frontier Fund
    Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

135

 

  

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

  Frontier Select Fund,
 

a Series of Frontier Funds

(Registrant) 

     
Date: November 13, 2020 By: /s/ Patrick J. Kane
    Patrick J. Kane
    Chairman and Chief Financial Officer of Frontier Fund
Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

Date: November 13, 2020 By: /s/ Patrick F. Hart III
    Patrick F. Hart
    President and Chief Executive Officer of Frontier Fund
    Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

136

 

  

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, 

a Series of Frontier Funds 

(Registrant) 

     
Date: November 13, 2020 By: /s/ Patrick J. Kane
    Patrick J. Kane
    Chairman and Chief Financial Officer of Frontier Fund
Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

Date: November 13, 2020 By: /s/ Patrick F. Hart III
    Patrick F. Hart
    President and Chief Executive Officer of Frontier Fund
    Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

137

 

  

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

  Frontier Diversified Fund,
  a Series of Frontier Funds
  (Registrant)
     
Date: November 13, 2020 By: /s/ Patrick J. Kane 
    Patrick J. Kane
    Chairman and Chief Financial Officer of Frontier Fund
Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

Date: November 13, 2020 By: /s/ Patrick F. Hart III
    Patrick F. Hart
    President and Chief Executive Officer of Frontier Fund
    Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

138

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

  Frontier Masters Fund,
  a Series of Frontier Funds
  (Registrant)
     
Date: November 13, 2020 By: /s/ Patrick J. Kane 
    Patrick J. Kane
    Chairman and Chief Financial Officer of Frontier Fund
Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

Date: November 13, 2020 By: /s/ Patrick F. Hart III
    Patrick F. Hart
    President and Chief Executive Officer of Frontier Fund
    Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

 

139