10-Q 1 g16589e10vq.htm FORM 10-Q FORM 10-Q
Table of Contents

 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
     
þ   QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2008
OR
     
o   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from            to           
Commission file number: 001-33881
MEDASSETS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
DELAWARE   51-0391128
(State or other jurisdiction of   (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)   Identification No.)
     
100 North Point Center East, Suite 200    
Atlanta, Georgia   30022
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (678) 323-2500
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

N/A
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
             
Large accelerated filer o    Accelerated filer o    Non-accelerated filer þ
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
  Smaller Reporting Company o 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
As of November 10, 2008, the registrant had 53,886,525 shares of $0.01 par value common stock outstanding.
 
 

 


 

     INDEX
         
    2  
 
       
    2  
 
       
    2  
 
       
    3  
 
       
    4  
 
       
    5  
 
       
    6  
 
       
    24  
 
       
    45  
 
       
    45  
 
       
    46  
 
       
    46  
 
       
    46  
 
       
    48  
 
       
    48  
 
       
    48  
 
       
    48  
 
       
    49  
 
       
    50  
 
       
 EX-31.1
 EX-31.2
 EX-32.1

 


Table of Contents

Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
MedAssets, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
                 
    September 30,     December 31,  
    2008     2007  
    (Unaudited)          
ASSETS
               
Current
               
Cash and cash equivalents (Note 1)
  $     $ 136,952  
Restricted cash
          20  
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $2,341 and $3,506 as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007
    45,635       33,679  
Deferred tax asset, current
    11,307       15,049  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    6,407       4,508  
 
           
Total current assets
    63,349       190,208  
Property and equipment, net
    40,074       32,490  
Other long term assets
               
Goodwill (Note 4)
    512,668       232,822  
Intangible assets, net (Note 4)
    131,850       62,491  
Other
    17,432       8,368  
 
           
Other long-term assets
    661,950       303,681  
 
           
Total assets
  $ 765,373     $ 526,379  
 
           
 
               
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Current liabilities
               
Accounts payable
  $ 6,380     $ 4,562  
Accrued revenue share obligation and rebates
    20,671       29,998  
Accrued payroll and benefits
    22,364       13,402  
Other accrued expenses
    9,358       5,612  
Deferred revenue, current portion (Note 5)
    27,600       19,791  
Deferred purchase consideration (Note 3)
    18,987        
Current portion of notes payable (Note 6)
    2,768       2,020  
Current portion of finance obligation
    146       128  
 
           
Total current liabilities
    108,274       75,513  
Notes payable, less current portion (Note 6)
    252,531       196,264  
Finance obligation, less current portion
    9,899       10,009  
Deferred revenue, less current portion (Note 5)
    4,552       3,229  
Deferred tax liability
    13,815       5,868  
Other long term liabilities
    1,969       5,981  
 
           
Total liabilities
    391,040       296,864  
Commitments and contingencies (Note 7)
           
Stockholders’ equity (Note 8)
               
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 150,000,000 shares authorized; 53,860,000 and 44,429,000 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively
    539       444  
Additional paid-in capital
    601,353       464,313  
Notes receivable from stockholders
    (217 )     (614 )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (Note 2)
    (458 )     (2,935 )
Accumulated deficit
    (226,884 )     (231,693 )
 
           
Total stockholders’ equity
    374,333       229,515  
 
           
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 765,373     $ 526,379  
 
           
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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MedAssets, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
                                          
    Three Months Ended September 30,   Nine Months Ended September 30,
    2008   2007   2008   2007
    (In thousands, except per share data)
Revenue
                               
Administrative fees, net
  $ 25,663     $ 22,642     $ 78,355     $ 70,966  
Other service fees
    50,309       26,631       117,610       63,631  
         
Total net revenue
    75,972       49,273       195,965       134,597  
Operating expenses:
                               
Cost of revenue
    17,101       8,155       36,252       17,845  
Product development expenses
    4,719       1,916       11,027       5,612  
Selling and marketing expenses
    9,641       7,958       32,096       26,675  
General and administrative expenses
    22,779       18,148       66,054       44,402  
Depreciation
    2,581       1,936       7,051       5,270  
Amortization of intangibles
    7,324       5,102       16,117       10,933  
Impairment of intangibles (Note 4)
                2,079       1,195  
         
Total operating expenses
    64,145       43,215       170,676       111,932  
 
                               
Operating income
    11,827       6,058       25,289       22,665  
Other income (expense):
                               
Interest (expense)
    (5,803 )     (6,763 )     (15,120 )     (14,151 )
Other income (expense)
    228       1,189       (2,101 )     2,101  
         
Income before income taxes
    6,252       484       8,068       10,615  
Income tax expense
    2,566       320       3,259       4,193  
         
Net income
    3,686       164       4,809       6,422  
Preferred stock dividends and accretion
          (4,798 )           (12,445 )
         
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
  $ 3,686     $ (4,634 )   $ 4,809     $ (6,023 )
Basic and diluted income (loss) per share (Note 10):
                   
Basic net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
  $ .07     $ (.40 )   $ .10     $ (.55 )
         
Diluted net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
  $ .07     $ (.40 )   $ .09     $ (.55 )
         
Weighted average shares — basic
    53,715       11,685       48,493       11,037  
Weighted average shares — diluted
    56,136       11,685       51,035       11,037  
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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MedAssets, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008
                                                         
                            Notes     Accumulated                
                    Additional     Receivable     Other             Total  
    Common Stock     Paid-In     from     Comprehensive     Accumulated     Stockholders’  
    Shares     Par Value     Capital     Stockholders     Income (Loss)     Deficit     Equity  
    (In thousands)  
Balances at December 31, 2007
    44,429     $ 444     $ 464,313     $ (614 )   $ (2,935 )   $ (231,693 )   $ 229,515  
 
                                                       
Repayment of notes receivable from stockholders
    (22 )           (366 )     415                   49  
 
                                                       
Interest accrued on notes receivable from stockholders
                      (18 )                 (18 )
 
                                                       
Issuance of common stock in connection with acquisition
    8,850       89       129,298                         129,387  
 
                                                       
Issuance of common stock from stock option exercises
    387       4       1,519                         1,523  
 
                                                       
Issuance of common stock from warrant exercises
    190       2       (2 )                        
 
                                                       
Other common stock issuances
    26                                      
 
                                                       
Stock compensation expense
                6,591                         6,591  
 
                                                       
Other comprehensive income (net of tax):
                                                       
Unrealized loss from hedging activities
                            (1,437 )           (1,437 )
Interest rate swap termination (Note 6)
                            3,914             3,914  
Net income
                                  4,809       4,809  
 
                                         
Comprehensive income
                            2,477       4,809       7,286  
 
                                         
Balances at September 30, 2008
    53,860     $ 539     $ 601,353     $ (217 )   $ (458 )   $ (226,884 )   $ 374,333  
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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MedAssets, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
                 
    Nine Months Ended September 30,  
    2008     2007  
    (In thousands)  
Operating activities
               
Net income
  $ 4,809     $ 6,422  
 
               
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
Bad debt expense
    1,457       517  
Depreciation
    7,359       5,496  
Amortization of intangibles
    16,806       11,473  
(Gain) loss on sale of assets
    (119 )     3  
Noncash stock compensation expense (Note 8)
    6,591       2,891  
Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options
    (1,697 )     (1,659 )
Amortization of debt issuance costs
    895       307  
Noncash interest expense, net
    906       361  
Impairment of intangibles (Note 4)
    2,079       1,195  
Deferred income tax expense
    937       1,859  
Changes in assets and liabilities:
               
Accounts receivable, net
    (5,356 )     (2,418 )
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    (819 )     (1,057 )
Other long-term assets
    (1,850 )     900  
Accounts payable
    785       (1,052 )
Accrued revenue share obligations and rebates
    (9,327 )     (1,099 )
Accrued payroll and benefits
    1,768       85  
Other accrued expenses
    949       (778 )
Deferred revenue
    4,932       (1,375 )
 
           
Cash provided by operating activities
    31,105       22,071  
 
           
Investing activities
               
Purchases of property, equipment, and software
    (3,891 )     (7,029 )
Capitalized software development costs
    (8,378 )     (5,658 )
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired (Note 3)
    (209,423 )     (90,890 )
 
           
Cash used in investing activities
    (221,692 )     (103,577 )
 
           
Financing activities
               
Decrease in restricted cash
    20        
Proceeds from notes payable
    142,629       160,188  
Repayment of notes payable and capital lease obligations (Note 6)
    (85,615 )     (11,860 )
Repayment of finance obligation
    (483 )     (489 )
Debt issuance costs (Note 6)
    (6,167 )     (1,397 )
Interest accrued on note receivable from stockholders
    (18 )      
Payment on note receivable from stockholders
    49       255  
Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options
    1,697       1,659  
Payment of dividend
          (70,000 )
Issuance of series J preferred stock, net of offering costs
          1,000  
Issuance of common stock, net of offering costs (Note 8)
    1,523       2,795  
 
           
Cash provided by financing activities
    53,635       82,151  
 
           
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
    (136,952 )     645  
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    136,952       23,459  
 
           
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $     $ 24,104  
 
           
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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MedAssets, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
   Unless the context indicates otherwise, references in this Quarterly Report to “MedAssets,” the “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” mean MedAssets, Inc., and its subsidiaries and predecessor entities.
1. BUSINESS DESCRIPTION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
We provide technology-enabled products and services which together deliver solutions designed to improve operating margin and cash flow for hospitals, health systems and other ancillary healthcare providers. Our customer-specific solutions are designed to efficiently analyze detailed information across the spectrum of revenue cycle and spend management processes. Our solutions integrate with existing operations and enterprise software systems of our customers and provide financial improvement with minimal upfront costs or capital expenditures. Our operations and customers are primarily located throughout the United States.
On June 2, 2008, we acquired all of the outstanding stock of Accuro Healthcare Solutions, Inc. (collectively with its subsidiaries, “Accuro” or the “Accuro Acquisition”), an application service provider (or “ASP”) based technology and services provider of revenue cycle management solutions. The addition of Accuro expands and strengthens our revenue cycle management capabilities (See Note 3 for further discussion). Our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 include the results of operations of Accuro from June 2 through September 30, 2008, and the assets and liabilities of Accuro as of September 30, 2008. Accuro is represented in our Revenue Cycle Management segment. Our accounting policies have not significantly changed as a result of the Accuro Acquisition.
The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, and Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2007, derived from audited financial statements, have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial reporting and as required by Regulation S-X, Rule 10-01 of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures required for complete financial statements are not included herein. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the interim financial information have been included. When preparing financial statements in conformity with GAAP, we must make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and related disclosures at the date of the financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2008. Certain amounts in our financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2007 included in our Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on March 24, 2008. These financial statements include the accounts of MedAssets, Inc. and our wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts have been eliminated in consolidation.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
All of our highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase are carried at fair value and are considered to be cash equivalents. During the three months ended September 30, 2008, we voluntarily changed our cash management practice in an effort to reduce the amount of interest expense and indebtedness. Currently, all of our excess cash on hand is voluntarily used to repay our swing-line credit facility on a daily basis (See Note 6). As a result of this new practice, our Cash and cash equivalents were zero at September 30, 2008. Cash and cash equivalents were $136,952,000 as of December 31, 2007. Cash as of December 31, 2007 included cash from the proceeds of our initial public offering of common stock, after prepayment of certain indebtedness.
2. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
Fair Value Measurements
On January 1, 2008, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (or “SFAS”) No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, (or “SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 does not require any new fair value measurements or re-measurements. Rather, it establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires expanded disclosures regarding fair value measurements. It eliminates inconsistencies in the guidance provided in previous pronouncements. SFAS 157 requires companies to evaluate their assets and liabilities within an established fair value hierarchy based on the inputs utilized in the relative valuation process. In December 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (or “FASB”) provided a one-year deferral of SFAS 157 for non-financial assets and non-financial

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liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis, at least annually.
We adopted SFAS 157 for our financial assets and liabilities, which consist of derivatives we record in accordance with SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (or “SFAS 133”). These derivatives include a series of par forward contracts used to hedge currency exchange risk on a single customer contract and an interest rate collar used to hedge interest rate risk on our indebtedness. These derivatives are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis and each utilizes Level 2 inputs in the fair value hierarchy. We have not yet adopted SFAS 157 for non-financial assets and liabilities. Additionally, we do not have any non-financial assets or liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis, or at least annually.
The adoption of SFAS 157 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows for the three or nine months ended September 30, 2008.
Par forward contracts
We have a series of par forward contracts to lock in the rate of exchange in U.S. dollar terms at a specific par forward exchange rate of Canadian dollars to one U.S. dollar, with respect to one specific Canadian customer contract. This three-year customer contract extends through April 30, 2010. The hedged instruments are classified as cash flow hedges and are designed to be highly effective at minimizing exchange risk on the contract. We designated this hedge as effective and recorded the fair value of this instrument as an asset of approximately $4,000 ($2,000 net of tax) in Other long-term assets as of September 30, 2008. The offsetting unrealized gain is recorded as Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, in our Stockholders’ equity as of September 30, 2008. If we assess any material portion of this to be ineffective, we will reclassify that ineffective portion to current period earnings or loss accordingly.
We determined the fair values of the par forward contracts using Level 2 inputs as defined under SFAS 157 because our valuation techniques included inputs that are considered significantly observable in the market, either directly or indirectly. However, these instruments are not traded in active markets, thus they are not valued using Level 1 inputs. Our valuation technique assessed the par forward contract by comparing each fixed cash flow to a hypothetical cash flow utilizing an observable market spot exchange rate as of September 30, 2008, and then discounting each of those cash flows to present value utilizing a market observable discount factor for each cash flow. The discount factor fluctuates based on the timing of each future cash flow. The fair value represents a cumulative total of each par forward contract calculated fair value.
Interest rate collar
On June 24, 2008, we entered into an interest rate collar to hedge our interest rate exposure on a notional $155,000,000 of our approximate $245,801,000 of outstanding term loan credit facility. The collar sets a maximum interest rate of 6.00% and a minimum interest rate of 2.85% on the 3-month London Inter-bank Offered Rate (or “LIBOR”) applicable to a $155,000,000 notional term loan debt. This collar effectively limits our LIBOR interest exposure on this portion of our term loan debt to within that range (2.85% to 6.00%). The collar also does not hedge the applicable margin payable to our lenders on our indebtedness. Settlement payments are made between the hedge counterparty and us on a quarterly basis, coinciding with our term loan installment payment dates, for any rate overage on the maximum rate and any rate deficiency on the minimum rate on the notional amount outstanding. The collar terminates on September 30, 2010 and no consideration was exchanged with the counterparty to enter into the hedging arrangement.
The collar is a highly effective cash flow hedge under SFAS 133, as the payment and interest rate terms of the instrument coincide with that of our term loan and the instrument was designed to perfectly hedge our variable cash flow risk. Accordingly, as of September 30, 2008, we recorded the fair value of the collar on our balance sheet as a liability of approximately $740,000 ($460,000 net of tax) in Other long-term liabilities, and the offsetting loss was recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, in our Stockholders’ equity. If we assess any portion of any of this to be ineffective, we will reclassify the ineffective portion to current period earnings or loss accordingly.
We determined the fair values of the collar using Level 2 inputs as defined under SFAS 157 because our valuation technique included inputs that are considered significantly observable in the market, either directly or indirectly. Our valuation technique assesses the present value of future expected cash flows using a market observable discount factor that is based on a 3-month LIBOR yield curve adjusted for interest rate volatility. The assumptions utilized to assess volatility are also observable in the market.
On June 24, 2008, we terminated two floating-to-fixed rate LIBOR-based interest swaps, originally entered into in November 2006 and July 2007 (See Note 6).
Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (or “SFAS 159”) which permits all entities to choose to measure at fair value eligible financial instruments and certain other items that are not

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currently required to be measured at fair value. The election to measure eligible instruments at fair value can be done on an instrument-by-instrument basis, is irrevocable and can only be applied to the entire instrument. Changes in fair value for subsequent measurements will be recognized as unrealized gains or losses in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. SFAS 159 also establishes additional disclosure requirements. SFAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007.
As of September 30, 2008, we had not elected to measure any of our financial assets or liabilities at fair value that are not already required to be measured at fair value.
Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities — An Amendment of SFAS No. 133 (or “SFAS 161”). SFAS 161 seeks to improve financial reporting for derivative instruments and hedging activities by requiring enhanced disclosures regarding the impact on financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. To achieve this increased transparency, SFAS 161 requires (1) the disclosure of the fair value of derivative instruments and gains and losses in a tabular format; (2) the disclosure of derivative features that are credit risk-related; and (3) cross-referencing within the footnotes. SFAS 161 is effective for us on January 1, 2009. We are in the process of evaluating the new disclosure requirements under SFAS 161.
Business Combinations
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations (or “SFAS 141(R)”), which replaces SFAS No. 141. The statement retains the purchase method of accounting for acquisitions and requires a number of changes to the original pronouncement, including changes in the way assets and liabilities are recognized in purchase accounting. Other changes include the recognition of assets acquired and liabilities assumed arising from contingencies, requires the capitalization of in-process research and development at fair value, and requires the expensing of acquisition-related costs as incurred. SFAS 141(R) is effective for us beginning January 1, 2009 and will apply prospectively to business combinations completed on or after that date.
3. ACQUISITION AND RESTRUCTURING ACTIVITIES
Accuro
As discussed in Note 1 above, on June 2, 2008, we completed the acquisition of Accuro. We acquired all the outstanding stock of Accuro for a total preliminary purchase price of approximately $357,859,000 comprised of approximately $209,972,000 in cash including approximately $5,355,000 in acquisition related costs and approximately $549,000 in a post-closing working capital adjustment pursuant to the purchase agreement accrued during the three months ended September 30, 2008 that was subsequently paid in October 2008 (See Note 13); approximately 8,850,000 unregistered shares of our common stock valued at approximately $129,387,000; and an additional deferred payment of $20,000,000 payable at our option either in cash or in shares of our common stock on the first anniversary of the transaction closing date.
Upon closing the acquisition, we recorded a liability (or the “deferred purchase consideration”) of approximately $18,500,000 on our balance sheet, representing the present value of the $20,000,000 deferred payment. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recognized approximately $366,000 and $487,000, respectively, in interest expense due to the accretion of this liability and we will record additional interest expense of approximately $1,013,000 using the effective interest method to accrete the deferred purchase consideration to its face value by the first anniversary of the transaction closing date. The balance of the deferred purchase consideration is approximately $18,987,000 as of September 30, 2008. The deferred purchase consideration is subject to certain adjustments as described in Note 7. Any subsequent increases or decreases to the purchase price will be recorded as goodwill.
Preliminary Purchase Price Allocation
The preliminary purchase price for the acquisition of Accuro was allocated to the net tangible and intangible assets based upon their estimated fair values as of June 2, 2008, as set forth below. The excess of the purchase price over the net tangible and intangible assets was recorded as goodwill. The preliminary allocation of the purchase price was based upon a preliminary valuation and our estimates and assumptions may be subject to change within the purchase measurement period (generally one year from the acquisition date).
During the three months ended September 30, 2008, we adjusted our preliminary purchase price allocation by approximately $3,384,000 to reflect a post-closing working capital adjustment and certain restructuring and exit costs. We expect further adjustments to the preliminary allocation of the purchase price relating primarily to additional restructuring and exit costs, certain legal matters, income and non-income based taxes (inclusive of assessments under FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, or “FIN 48”), other potential liabilities and residual goodwill.

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Our preliminary purchase price allocation for Accuro as of September 30, 2008 is as follows (unaudited, in thousands):
         
Current assets
  $ 9,136  
Property and equipment
    4,888  
Other long term assets
    179  
Goodwill
    279,846  
 
     
Intangible assets
    87,700  
 
     
Total assets acquired
    381,749  
Less:
       
Current liabilities
    14,597  
Deferred tax liability, long-term
    9,293  
 
     
Total liabilities assumed
    23,890  
 
     
Total purchase price
  $ 357,859  
Intangible Assets
The table below summarizes the acquired identified intangible assets (unaudited, in thousands):
                   
    Gross carrying value     Weighted-average useful lives
Developed technology
  $ 23,200       5.0    
Customer base
    63,200       12.5    
Non-compete agreements
    1,300       2.0    
 
               
Total acquired intangible assets
  $ 87,700       10.4    
Additionally, approximately $55,262,000 of the $279,846,000 of goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes.
Deferred Revenues
In connection with the preliminary purchase price allocation, we have estimated the fair value of the service obligation assumed from Accuro in connection with the acquisition. The service obligation assumed from Accuro represents our acquired commitment to provide continued ASP software and services for customer relationships that existed prior to the acquisition where the requisite service period has not yet expired. The estimated fair value of the obligation and other future services was determined utilizing a cost build-up approach, which determines fair value by estimating the costs related to fulfilling the obligation plus a normal profit margin. The sum of the costs and operating profit approximates the amount that we would be required to pay a third party to assume the service obligation. The estimated costs to fulfill the obligation were based on the historical direct costs related to providing the related services. We did not include any costs associated with selling efforts, research and development or the related operating margins on these costs. As a result of allocating the acquisition purchase price, we recorded an adjustment to reduce the carrying value of Accuro’s June 2, 2008 deferred revenue by approximately $7,643,000 down to $4,200,000, an amount representing our estimate of the fair value of service obligation assumed. In addition, we recorded an adjustment of approximately $6,974,000 to eliminate the carrying value of Accuro’s June 2, 2008 deferred cost asset associated with the related deferred revenue.
Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information
The unaudited financial information in the table below summarizes the combined results of operations of MedAssets and those significant acquired companies since January 1, 2007: XactiMed, Inc. (or “XactiMed”), MD-X Solutions, Inc., MD-X Services, Inc., MD-X Strategies, Inc. and MD-X Systems, Inc. (or collectively “MD-X”) and Accuro; on a pro forma basis as though the companies had been combined as of the beginning of each period and related comparable period from the period of acquisition. Certain adjustments have been included to account for one-time non-recurring bonus and change in control payments incurred as a result of the acquisitions.
The pro forma financial information presented is for informational purposes only and is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisitions had taken place at the beginning of each of the periods presented:

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    Three Months Ended September 30,   Nine Months Ended September 30,
    2008   2007   2008   2007
    (Unaudited; in thousands, except per share data)
Net revenue
  $ 75,972     $ 65,861     $ 224,505     $ 203,371  
Net income (loss)
    3,686       (1,838 )     3,135       (1,394 )
Preferred stock dividends and accretion
          (4,798 )           (13,443 )
         
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
    3,686       (6,636 )     3,135       (14,837 )
Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders
  $ 0.07     $ (0.32 )   $ 0.06     $ (0.75 )
Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders
  $ 0.07     $ (0.32 )   $ 0.06     $ (0.75 )
2008 Restructuring Plan
In connection with the Accuro Acquisition, our management approved, committed to and initiated a plan to restructure our operations resulting in certain management, system and organizational changes within our Revenue Cycle Management segment.
Through our purchase price allocation, we recorded approximately $1,905,000 and $3,852,000, respectively, during the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2008 of restructuring costs associated with restructuring activities, consisting of estimated severance, additional tax liabilities as well as other restructuring costs. These costs have been recognized as liabilities assumed in the Accuro Acquisition and included in the allocation of the cost to acquire Accuro and, accordingly, have resulted in an increase to goodwill. These restructuring costs may change as our management executes the approved plan. Future decreases to the estimates of executing the restructuring plan will be recorded as an adjustment to goodwill. Increases to the estimates of the restructuring plan will be recorded as an adjustment to goodwill during the purchase accounting measurement period and as an adjustment to operating expenses thereafter.
The changes in the plan are summarized as follows (unaudited, in thousands):
                                 
    Initial                     Accrued  
    Accrued     Adjustments     Cash     September 30,  
2008 Restructuring Plan   Costs     To Costs     Payments     2008  
Severance
  $ 1,295     $ 1,528     $ (1,199 )   $ 1,624  
Other
    652       377       (376 )     653  
 
                       
Total 2008 Restructuring Costs
  $ 1,947     $ 1,905     $ (1,575 )   $ 2,277  
4. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill and indefinite life assets consist of the following as of September 30, 2008 (unaudited, in thousands):
         
Indefinite Life Intangibles:
       
Goodwill, net
  $ 512,668  
Tradename
    1,029  
 
     
Total
  $ 513,697  
The changes in goodwill are summarized as follows, Consolidated and by segment (“RCM” is our Revenue Cycle Management segment and “SM” is our Spend Management segment), for the nine months ending September 30, 2008 (unaudited, in thousands):
                         
    Consolidated     RCM     SM  
Balance, December 31, 2007
  $ 232,822     $ 148,101     $ 84,721  
Acquisition of Accuro (Note 3)
    276,462       276,462        
           
Balance, June 30, 2008
  $ 509,284     $ 424,563     $ 84,721  
Adjustments related to the acquisition
of Accuro (Note 3)
  $ 3,384       3,384        
                 
Balance, September 30, 2008
  $ 512,668     $ 427,947     $ 84,721  

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Intangible assets with definite lives consist of the following as of September 30, 2008:
                                 
    Weighted                    
    Average     Gross              
    Amortization     Carrying     Accumulated        
    Period (Years)     Amount     Amortization     Net  
    (Unaudited, in thousands)  
September 30, 2008
                               
Customer base
  10 years   $ 161,128     $ (65,047 )   $ 96,081  
Developed technology
  5 years     40,556       (7,490 )     33,066  
Employment agreements
  3 years     224       (135 )     89  
Non-compete agreements
  3 years     2,322       (764 )     1,558  
Tradename
  3 years     192       (165 )     27  
 
                       
 
          $ 204,422     $ (73,601 )   $ 130,821  
Future amortization expense of definite-lived intangibles as of September 30, 2008, is as follows:
         
    Amount  
    (Unaudited, in thousands)  
2008
  $ 7,509  
2009
    28,752  
2010
    23,816  
2011
    19,668  
2012
    16,327  
Thereafter
    34,749  
 
     
 
  $ 130,821  
During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we deemed several intangible assets to be impaired in combination with our purchase of Accuro. We incurred certain impairment expenses (primarily related to acquired developed technology from prior acquisitions, revenue cycle management tradename and internally developed software product write-offs) of approximately $2,079,000. These expenses have been recorded to the impairment line item within our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2008.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recorded an impairment charge of $1,195,000, which represented XactiMed’s in-process research and development projects that had not reached a point where the related product or products were available for general release and had no alternative future use as of the acquisition date.
There were no impairment charges recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007.
5. DEFERRED REVENUE
Deferred revenue consists of unrecognized revenue related to advanced customer invoicing or customer payments received prior to revenue being realized and earned. Substantially all of our deferred revenue consists of (i) deferred administrative fees, (ii) deferred service fees, (iii) deferred software and implementation fees, and (iv) other deferred fees, including receipts for our annual customer and vendor meeting received prior to the meeting.
The following table summarizes the deferred revenue categories and balances as of:
                 
    September 30,     December 31,  
    2008     2007  
    (Unaudited)          
    (In thousands)  
Software and implementation fees
  $ 17,088     $ 11,082  
Service fees
    11,995       7,266  
Administrative fees
    1,923       2,914  
Other fees
    1,146       1,758  
 
           
Deferred revenue, total
    32,152       23,020  
Less: Deferred revenue, current portion
    (27,600 )     (19,791 )
 
           
Deferred revenue, non-current portion
  $ 4,552     $ 3,229  

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As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, deferred revenue included in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited for September 30, 2008) that was contingent upon meeting performance targets was $1,612,000 and $3,452,000, respectively.
6. NOTES PAYABLE
The balances of our notes payable are summarized as follows as of:
                 
    September 30,     December 31,  
    2008     2007  
    (Unaudited)          
    (In thousands)  
Notes payable — senior
  $ 245,801     $ 197,548  
Revolving credit facility
    9,041        
Other
    457       736  
 
           
Notes payable, total
    255,299       198,284  
Less: current portions
    (2,768 )     (2,020 )
 
           
Notes payable, non-current portion
  $ 252,531     $ 196,264  
 
           
May 2008 Financing
In May 2008, we entered into the third amendment to our existing credit agreement (or the “Third Amendment”) in connection with the completion of the Accuro Acquisition. The Third Amendment increased our term loan facility by $50,000,000 and the commitments to loan amounts under our revolving credit facility from $110,000,000 to $125,000,000 (after giving effect to $1,000,000 of outstanding but undrawn letters of credit on such date and the effective commitments reduction resulting from the defaulting lender affiliated with Lehman Brothers as described below).
The Third Amendment also increased the applicable margins on the rate of interest we pay under our credit agreement for both the term loan and revolving credit facilities. The applicable interest rates, inclusive of the LIBOR and the applicable margin, were 6.55% on our term loan facility and 5.54% on our revolving credit facility at September 30, 2008.
As a result of the increased indebtedness pursuant to the Third Amendment, our equal principal reduction payments increased to approximately $625,000 beginning on June 30, 2008 and will be paid quarterly throughout the term with a balloon payment due at maturity. The maturity date of the revolving credit facility and term loan remain October 23, 2011 and October 23, 2013, respectively. Other significant terms of the credit agreement remained unchanged from the prior amended credit agreement.
The Third Amendment became effective upon the closing of the Accuro transaction on June 2, 2008. We borrowed approximately $100,000,000 to fund a portion of the purchase price of Accuro. As of September 30, 2008, we had drawn approximately $9,041,000 on our revolving credit facility representing the amount outstanding under our swing-line as described below, and we had approximately $100,000,000 of availability remaining (net of the $15,000,000 reduction for the bankruptcy described below).
In connection with the Third Amendment, we capitalized approximately $6,167,000 of debt issuance costs related to the additional debt borrowing. The debt issuance cost will be amortized into interest expense using the effective interest method until the maturity date. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recognized approximately $480,000 and $895,000, respectively, in interest expense related to the amortization of debt issuance costs.
On June 2, 2008, in connection with the acquisition of Accuro, we recorded a deferred purchase consideration liability of approximately $18,500,000, which represents the present value of $20,000,000 in deferred consideration due to Accuro’s former shareholders on June 2, 2008 utilizing an effective incremental borrowing rate of approximately 7.8%. We will recognize approximately $1,500,000 in interest expense, using the effective interest method, and accrete this liability from approximately $18,500,000 on June 2, 2008 to $20,000,000 on June 2, 2009. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recognized approximately $366,000 and $487,000, respectively, in interest expense due to accretion, and the deferred purchase consideration is a current liability of approximately $18,987,000 as of September 30, 2008.

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July 2008 Credit Agreement Amendment
In July, 2008, we entered into the fourth amendment to our existing credit agreement (or the “Fourth Amendment”). The Fourth Amendment increased the swing-line loan sublimit from $10,000,000 to $30,000,000. The balance outstanding under our swing-line loan is a component of the revolving credit commitments. The total commitments under the credit facility, including the aggregate revolving credit commitments, were not increased as a result of the Fourth Amendment.
In September 2008, we instituted an auto borrowing plan whereby our excess cash balances are voluntarily used by the credit agreement administrative agent to pay down outstanding loan balances under the swing-line loan on a daily basis. We initiated this auto borrowing plan in order to reduce the amount of interest expense incurred. As a result, our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at September 30, 2008 reflects a zero cash balance.
The outstanding amount under the swing-line loan was approximately $9,041,000 as of September 30, 2008. The interest rate associated with the swing-line loan was prime rate plus a margin of 1.75% (or 6.75%) at September 30, 2008.
A subsidiary of Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. that had extended commitments of $15,000,000 under our revolving credit facility filed for bankruptcy in September 2008. This lender has not funded its ratable share of borrowing requests since this filing and we do not expect that this lender will fund its pro rata share of any future borrowing requests. Accordingly, until such time as these commitments are assigned to a substitute lender, the effective commitments outstanding under the revolver have declined by $15,000,000 to $110,000,000.
We have provided a $1,000,000 letter of credit to guarantee our performance under the terms of a ten-year lease agreement. The letter of credit is associated with the capital lease of a building under a finance obligation. We do not believe that this letter of credit will be drawn.
Future maturities of principal of notes payable as of September 30, 2008 are as follows:
         
    Amount  
    (Unaudited, in  
    thousands)  
2008
  $ 631  
2009
    2,761  
2010
    2,687  
2011
    11,540  
2012
    2,499  
Thereafter
    235,181  
 
     
 
  $ 255,299  
Interest Rate Swaps
On June 24, 2008, we terminated two floating-to-fixed rate LIBOR-based interest rate swaps, originally entered into in November 2006 and July 2007. The swaps were originally set to fully terminate by July 2010. Such early termination with the counterparty was deemed to be a termination of all future obligations between us and the counterparty. In consideration of the early termination, we paid $3,914,000 to the counterparty on June 26, 2008 plus $903,000 of accrued interest. Prior to the termination, the fair values of the swaps were recorded in Other long-term liabilities and Accumulated other comprehensive loss on our balance sheet. The termination of the swaps resulted in the payment of such liability and the reclassification of the related Accumulated other comprehensive loss to current period expense. The result was a charge to expense for the nine months ending September 30, 2008 of $3,914,000. We have no assets or liabilities remaining on our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet with respect to these interest rate swaps as of September 30, 2008.
7. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Performance Targets
In the ordinary course of contracting with our customers, we may agree to make some or all of our fees contingent upon the customer’s achievement of financial improvement targets from the use of our services and software. These contingent fees are not recognized as revenue until the customer confirms achievement of the performance targets. We generally receive written customer acceptance as and when the performance targets are achieved. Prior to customer confirmation that a performance target has been achieved, we record billed contingent fees as deferred revenue on our consolidated balance sheet. Often, recognition of this revenue occurs in periods subsequent to the recognition of the associated costs.

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Legal Proceedings
On May 28, 2008, The Woodmoor Group, Inc. (“Woodmoor”) filed a Demand for Arbitration with the American Arbitration Association against Accuro, alleging that Woodmoor is due a “Performance Payment Amount” pursuant to the terms of the Asset Purchase Agreement (the “APA”) dated as of March 26, 2007 between Woodmoor, as Seller, and Accuro, as Buyer. Woodmoor claims that it has suffered actual damages in excess of $2,090,000 as a result of Accuro’s allegedly negligent or fraudulent actions in the performance of its obligations under the APA. Accuro and MedAssets deny the allegations and intend to defend against them. The arbitration is in the early stages of discovery and no settlement discussions have been held to date. To the extent any additional consideration or damages are awarded to Woodmoor prior to the first anniversary date of the Accuro Acquisition, such amounts would reduce our deferred purchase consideration obligation to the former Accuro shareholders. As of September 30, 2008, no financial outcome is estimable or probable.
Acquisition Contingencies
Two of our prior acquisitions (Med-Data Management Inc., or “Med-Data,” and Dominic & Irvine, LLC, or “D&I”) have provisions in the respective asset purchase agreements requiring additional consideration to be paid to the former owners of the acquired assets if certain performance criteria are met within certain defined time periods. The Med-Data performance measures were not achieved during the relevant time period, which ended June 30, 2007.
In August 2007, the former owner of Med-Data disputed our earn-out calculation made under the Med-Data Asset Purchase Agreement and alleged that we failed to fulfill our obligations with respect to the earn-out. In November 2007, the former owner filed a complaint alleging that we failed to act in good faith with respect to the operation of Med-Data subsequent to the acquisition which affected the earn-out calculation. The Company refutes these allegations and is defending itself against these allegations. On March 21, 2008, we filed an answer, denying the plaintiffs’ allegations; and also filed a counterclaim, alleging that the plaintiffs fraudulently induced us to enter into the purchase agreement by intentionally concealing the true status of their relationship with their largest customer. This litigation is currently in the discovery stage, and we currently cannot estimate any probable outcome. The maximum earn-out payment under the Med-Data Asset Purchase Agreement is $4,000,000. In addition, the plaintiffs claim that Ms. Hodges, one of the plaintiffs, is entitled to the accelerated vesting of options to purchase 140,000 shares of our common stock that she received in connection with her employment agreement with the Company. Under the terms of her agreement, these options would have vested on July 15, 2012; however, the vesting would have been accelerated to June 30, 2007 if the earn-out performance criteria had been met.
The D&I acquisition contingency period extends through December 31, 2008 and has a maximum potential earn-out of $10,000,000. We currently estimate the range of the potential earn-out payment, if the D&I performance measures are achieved, to be approximately zero to $1,000,000.
As of September 30, 2008, we have not recorded a liability or an asset related to these acquisition contingencies on our balance sheet. Other than the disputes noted above, as of September 30, 2008, we are not presently involved in any other legal proceedings, the outcome of which, if determined adversely to us, would have a material adverse affect on our business, operating results or financial condition.
8. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common Stock
During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we issued approximately 8,850,000 unregistered shares of our common stock in connection with our acquisition of Accuro. We valued this equity issuance at $14.62 per share, which was computed using the five-day average of our closing share price for the period beginning two days before the April 29, 2008 announcement of the Accuro Acquisition and ending two days after the announcement in accordance with EITF 99-12, “Determination of the Measurement Date for the Market Price of Acquirer Securities Issued in a Purchase Business Combination”.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, we issued approximately 388,000 and 727,000 shares of common stock in connection with employee stock option exercises for aggregate exercise proceeds of approximately $1,545,000 and $2,711,000, respectively.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we issued approximately 190,000 unregistered shares of our common stock in connection with a cashless exercise of a warrant.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we issued approximately 20,000 shares of our common stock to an unrelated charitable foundation. The market value of the common stock on the date of issuance was approximately $348,000, which has been

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recorded as non-cash, non-employee share-based expense in our accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2008.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we issued approximately 6,000 shares of restricted common stock to members of our board of directors and senior advisory board in exchange for board and senior advisory board services. These restricted shares of common stock vest over one to three year periods. The estimated fair value of the restricted common stock at the dates of issuance was approximately $95,000.
A summary of changes in restricted shares during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 is as follows (unaudited):
                 
            Weighted  
            Average  
            Grant Date  
    Shares     Fair Value  
     
Nonvested balance at January 1, 2008
    25,000     $ 6.35  
Change during the period:
               
Shares granted
    6,000       16.04  
Shares vested
    (6,000 )     3.99  
 
           
Nonvested balance at September 30, 2008
    25,000     $ 8.94  
We recorded non-cash, non-employee share-based compensation expense of approximately $35,000 and $31,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, related to restricted shares issued in connection with advisory services from our senior advisory board. We recorded non-cash, non-employee share-based compensation expense of approximately $82,000 and $106,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, related to restricted shares issued in connection with advisory services from our senior advisory board. We will recognize additional non-cash, non-employee share-based compensation expense of approximately $28,000, $46,000, $11,000 and $1,000 for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011 respectively, related to restricted shares issued for advisory services.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we settled two outstanding notes receivable issued by certain stockholders by accepting shares of our common stock as payment in full for amounts owed under the notes receivable. The number of shares paid was determined by dividing the total principal and interest due under each note receivable by the closing market price of our common stock on the date prior to the effective date of each respective transaction. We received approximately 22,000 shares of our common stock in lieu of cash to settle approximately $366,000 in principal and interest outstanding under the notes receivable. The shares were subsequently retired and are no longer outstanding. We have one remaining note receivable that is collateralized by approximately 30,000 shares of our common stock. We will continue to adjust non-cash share-based compensation expense to mark the shares of common stock collateralizing the remaining note receivable to market value each period until the note receivable is no longer outstanding.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recorded an approximate $556,000 reduction to non-cash share-based compensation expense to mark the shares of common stock collateralizing certain notes receivable to market value. No corresponding adjustment was made during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 as the market value did not materially change during the period.
Stock Options
The share-based compensation expense related to stock options (or “options”) granted under our two active share-based compensation plans was $2,419,000 and $1,268,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The total income tax benefit recognized in the income statement for share-based compensation arrangements was approximately $933,000 and $495,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The share-based compensation expense related to options was $6,717,000 and $2,750,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The total income tax benefit recognized in the income statement for share-based compensation arrangements was approximately $2,589,000 and $1,073,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The tax benefit we realized reflects the intrinsic value of options and vesting of restricted shares. There were no capitalized share-based compensation costs at September 30, 2008 or September 30, 2007.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we modified certain option agreements by accelerating the vesting of approximately 20,000 options in connection with the death of one of our employees. As a result of the option agreement

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modifications, we recognized incremental non-cash share-based compensation expense of approximately $231,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2008.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, we granted options for the purchase of approximately 1,639,000 and 2,384,000 shares, respectively, under the 2004 Long-Term Incentive Plan (or the “plan”). The options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 have exercise prices of $15.95 (691,000 options granted in March 2008), $17.86 (182,000 options granted in May 2008) and $16.56 (766,000 options granted in August 2008) and have a vesting period of five years, with the exception of 41,000 shares vesting over a ten-month period. The options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 have an exercise price of $10.44 (658,000 options granted in May 2007) and $9.29 (1,726,000 options granted in September 2007) and have a vesting period of five years, with the exception of 300,000 shares vesting over a period of three years.
The exercise price of the options described above was equal to the fair value, or market price, of our common stock on the date of grant (or “grant-date fair value”), and therefore the intrinsic value of each option grant was zero. The grant-date fair value of options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 represents the market value of our common stock as of the close of market on March 24, 2008, May 30, 2008 and August 21, 2008 respectively. The grant-date fair value of options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 represents valuation ascribed to our common stock from a contemporaneous valuation performed in May 2007 and July 2007. The weighted-average grant-date fair value of each option granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was $16.45 and $9.60 respectively.
The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was approximately $4,911,000 and $5,765,000, respectively. There were approximately 228,000 and 215,000 options forfeited during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Our policy for issuing shares upon option exercise is to issue new shares of common stock.
A summary of changes in outstanding options during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 is as follows (unaudited):
                                 
                    Weighted        
            Weighted     Average        
            Average     Remaining     Aggregate  
            Exercise     Contractual     Intrinsic  
    Shares     Price     Term     Value  
Options outstanding as of January 1, 2008
    6,974,000     $ 6.49     8 years   $ 121,713,000  
Granted
    1,639,000       16.45                  
Exercised
    (388,000 )     3.99                  
Forfeited
    (228,000 )     8.94                  
 
                         
Options outstanding as of September 30, 2008
    7,997,000       8.58     8 years     68,924,000  
 
                         
Options exercisable as of September 30, 2008
    2,453,000     $ 5.52     7 years   $ 28,646,000  
 
                         
As of September 30, 2008, we had approximately 349,000 shares available for additional option grants reserved under our equity incentive plans. There was approximately $16,343,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to the outstanding options that will be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.8 years. The total fair value of the options vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was approximately $3,772,000 and $1,748,000, respectively.
The following table summarizes the exercise price range, weighted average exercise price, and remaining contractual lives for the number of options outstanding as of September 30, 2008 and 2007 (unaudited):
         
    September 30,   September 30,
    2008   2007
     
Range of exercise prices
  $0.63 - $17.86   $0.63 - $10.44
Number of options outstanding
  7,997,000   6,527,000
Weighted average exercise price
  $8.58   $6.24
Weighted average remaining contractual life
  7.9 years   8.2 years
Under the provisions of SFAS No. 123 (Revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (or “SFAS No. 123(R)”), we calculate the grant-date estimated fair value of share-based awards using a Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model. Determining the estimated fair value of share-based awards is judgmental in nature and involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including the term of the share-based awards, risk-free interest rates over the vesting period, expected dividend rates, the price volatility of the Company’s shares and forfeiture rates of the awards. Prior to adopting SFAS No. 123(R), we recognized forfeitures in our pro forma disclosures only as they occurred. SFAS No. 123(R) requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and adjusted, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The forfeiture rate is estimated based on historical experience. We

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base fair value estimates on assumptions we believe to be reasonable but that are inherently uncertain. Actual future results may differ from those estimates.
The fair value of each option grant has been estimated as of the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model with the following assumptions for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 (unaudited):
         
    Nine Months Ended   Nine Months Ended
    September 30, 2008   September 30, 2007
Calculated volatility
  32.1% - 36.0%   38.1% - 42.6%
Dividend yield
  0%   0%
Risk free interest rate
  3.00% - 3.56%   4.13% - 4.32%
Range of expected term
  5.4 - 6.5 years   6.0 - 6.5 years
As a newly publicly-traded entity, it is not practicable for us to estimate the expected volatility of our share price. In accordance with SFAS No. 123(R), we have estimated the grant-date fair value of our shares using volatility calculated (“calculated volatility”) from an appropriate industry sector index of comparable entities. We identified similar public entities for which share and option price information was available, and considered the historical volatilities of those entities’ share prices in calculating volatility. Dividend payments were not assumed, as we did not anticipate paying a dividend at the dates in which the various option grants occurred during the year. The risk-free rate of return reflects the weighted average interest rate offered for zero coupon treasury bonds over the expected term of the options. The expected term of the awards represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. Based on our limited history as a public company, we utilized the “simplified method” as prescribed in Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, Share-based Payment, to calculate expected term. Compensation cost is recognized using an accelerated method over the vesting or service period and is net of estimated forfeitures.
Total share-based compensation expense (inclusive of restricted stock, stock options, and other share-based compensation) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, is reflected in our consolidated statements of operations as follows (unaudited, in thousands):
                                 
    Three Months Ended September 30,     Nine Months Ended September 30,  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
Cost of revenue
  $ 498     $ 235     $ 1,603     $ 521  
Product development
    231       104       488       243  
Selling and marketing
    499       275       1,487       614  
General and administrative
    1,224       685       3,013       1,513  
 
                       
Total share-based compensation expense
  $ 2,452     $ 1,299     $ 6,591     $ 2,891  
9. INCOME TAXES
Our estimated annual effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was 40.4% and 39.5%, respectively. The increase in the effective rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was primarily attributable to apportionment of revenue to states with higher corporate income tax rates.
As a result of our acquisition of Accuro on June 2, 2008, we have not yet received all of the information necessary to examine Accuro’s uncertain tax positions, if any. At such time we obtain the necessary information (generally within one year), we may modify goodwill to reflect any appropriate action required under FIN 48 related to Accuro’s prior tax positions.
Our federal income tax returns continued to be under audit by the Internal Revenue Service (or “IRS”) for the tax years ended December 31, 2004 through December 31, 2006. The related field work was completed by the IRS; however, we did not receive the final IRS report until November 2008. See Note 13.
10. INCOME PER SHARE
We calculate earnings per share (or “EPS”) in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 128, Earnings Per Share. Basic EPS is calculated by dividing reported net income (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the reporting period following the two-class method. The effect of our participating convertible preferred stock

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was included in basic EPS, if dilutive, under the two-class method in accordance with EITF Issue No. 03-06, Participating Securities and the Two-Class Method under SFAS No. 128. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if our stock options and stock warrants were exercised and converted into our common shares during the reporting periods. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, participating convertible preferred stock is not included in the calculation of basic EPS as the shares were anti-dilutive. Our participating preferred stock converted to common stock on December 18, 2007 as the result of the closing of our initial public offering.
The following tables present basic and diluted EPS for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
                 
    Three Months Ended September 30,  
    2008     2007  
    (Unaudited)  
    (In thousands, except per share  
    amounts)  
Numerator for Basic and Diluted Income (Loss) Per Share:
               
Net income from continuing operations
  $ 3,686     $ 164  
Preferred stock dividends
          (4,798 )
 
           
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
    3,686       (4,634 )
Denominator:
               
Weighted average shares outstanding
    53,715       11,685  
Effect of participating convertible preferred stock
           
 
           
Denominator for basic income per share weighted average shares using the two-class method
    53,715       11,685  
Effect of dilutive securities:
               
Stock options
    2,386        
Stock warrants
    35        
 
           
Denominator for diluted income per share — adjusted weighted average shares and assumed conversions
    56,136       11,685  
 
           
Basic income (loss) per share:
               
Basic net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
  $ .07     $ (.40 )
 
           
Diluted income (loss) per share:
               
Diluted net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
  $ .07     $ (.40 )
 
           
                 
    Nine Months Ended September 30,  
    2008     2007  
    (Unaudited)  
    (In thousands, except per share  
    amounts)  
Numerator for Basic and Diluted Income (Loss) Per Share:
               
Net income from continuing operations
  $ 4,809     $ 6,422  
Preferred stock dividends
          (12,445 )
 
           
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
    4,809       (6,023 )
Denominator:
               
Weighted average shares outstanding
    48,493       11,037  
Effect of participating convertible preferred stock
           
 
           
Denominator for basic income (loss) per share weighted average shares using the two-class method
    48,493       11,037  
Effect of dilutive securities:
               
Stock options
    2,507        
Stock warrants
    35        
 
           
Denominator for diluted income (loss) per share — adjusted weighted average shares and assumed conversions
    51,035       11,037  
 
           
Basic income per share:
               
Basic net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
  $ .10     $ (.55 )
 
           
Diluted net income (loss) per share:
               
Diluted net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
  $ .09     $ (.55
 
           

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The effect of dilutive securities has been excluded for the three months and the nine months ended September 30, 2007 because the effect is anti-dilutive as a result of the net loss attributable to common stockholders. The following table provides a summary of those potentially dilutive securities that have been excluded from the calculation of basic and diluted EPS under the two-class method because inclusion would have an anti-dilutive effect (unaudited, in thousands):
                                 
    Three Months Ended September 30,   Nine Months Ended September 30,
    2008   2007   2008   2007
     
Convertible preferred stock
          16,276             16,276  
Stock options
          1,827             1,848  
Stock warrants
          136             136  
     
 
          18,239             18,260  
11. SEGMENT INFORMATION
We deliver our solutions and manage our business through two reportable business segments, Revenue Cycle Management and Spend Management:
    Revenue Cycle Management. Our Revenue Cycle Management segment provides a comprehensive suite of software and services spanning the hospital, health system and other ancillary healthcare provider revenue cycle workflow — from patient admission, patient financial liability estimation, charge capture, case management, contract management and health information management through claims processing and accounts receivable management. Our workflow solutions, together with our data management and business intelligence tools, increase revenue capture and cash collections, reduce accounts receivable balances and increase regulatory compliance.
 
    Spend Management. Our Spend Management segment provides a comprehensive suite of technology-enabled services that help our customers manage their non-labor expense categories. Our solutions lower supply and medical device pricing and utilization by managing the procurement process through our group purchasing organization portfolio of contracts, consulting services and business intelligence tools.
SFAS No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information or (“SFAS No. 131”), defines reportable segments as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing financial performance. SFAS No. 131 indicates that financial information about segments should be reported on the same basis as that which is used by the chief operating decision maker in the analysis of performance and allocation of resources.
Management of the Company, including our chief operating decision maker, uses what we refer to as Segment Adjusted EBITDA as its primary measure of profit or loss to assess segment performance and to determine the allocation of resources. We define Segment Adjusted EBITDA as segment net income (loss) before net interest expense, income tax expense (benefit), depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) as adjusted for other non-recurring, non-cash or non-operating items. Our chief operating decision maker uses Segment Adjusted EBITDA to facilitate a comparison of our operating performance on a consistent basis from period to period. Segment Adjusted EBITDA includes expenses associated with sales and marketing, general and administrative and product development activities specific to the operation of the segment. General and administrative corporate expenses that are not specific to the segments are not included in the calculation of Segment Adjusted EBITDA. These expenses include the costs to manage our corporate offices, interest expense on our credit facilities, and expenses related to being a publicly-held company. All reportable segment revenues are presented net of inter-segment eliminations and represent revenues from external customers.
The following tables present Segment Adjusted EBITDA and financial position information as utilized by our chief operating decision maker. A reconciliation of Segment Adjusted EBITDA to consolidated net income is included. General corporate expenses are included in the “Corporate” column. “RCM” represents the Revenue Cycle Management segment and “SM” represents the Spend Management segment. Other assets and liabilities are included to provide reconciliation to total assets and total liabilities.
The following tables represent our results of operations, by segment, for the three months ended September 30, 2008, our financial position by segment as of September 30, 2008, and our results of operations by segment for the three months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. The results of operations of Accuro are included in our Revenue Cycle Management segment from the date of acquisition, or June 2, 2008:

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    Three Months Ended September 30, 2008  
    RCM     SM     Corporate     Total  
            (Unaudited, in thousands)          
Results of Operations:
                               
Revenue:
                               
Administrative fees
  $     $ 39,867     $     $ 39,867  
Revenue share obligation
          (14,204 )           (14,204 )
Other service fees
    45,791       4,518             50,309  
 
                       
Total net revenue
    45,791       30,181             75,972  
Total operating expenses
    41,702       17,217       5,226       64,145  
 
                       
Operating income (loss)
    4,089       12,964       (5,226 )     11,827  
Interest expense
                (5,803 )     (5,803 )
Other income (expense)
    12       (26 )     242       228  
 
                       
Income (loss) before income taxes
    4,101       12,938       (10,787 )     6,252  
Income tax (benefit)
    1,577       5,642       (4,653 )     2,566  
 
                       
Net income (loss)
    2,524       7,296       (6,134 )     3,686  
Segment Adjusted EBITDA
  $ 14,003     $ 15,207     $ (4,009 )   $ 25,201  
 
    As of September 30, 2008  
    RCM     SM     Corporate     Total  
            (Unaudited, in thousands)        
Financial Position:
                               
Accounts receivable, net
  $ 96,241     $ 33,230     $ (83,836 )   $ 45,635  
Other assets
    586,443       96,459       36,836       719,738  
 
                       
Total assets
    682,684       129,689       (47,000 )     765,373  
Accrued revenue share obligation
          20,671             20,671  
Deferred revenue
    26,866       5,286             32,152  
Other liabilities
    99,917       39,639       198,661       338,217  
 
                       
Total liabilities
  $ 126,783     $ 65,596     $ 198,661     $ 391,040  
 
    Three Months Ended September 30, 2007  
    RCM     SM     Corporate     Total  
            (Unaudited, in thousands)          
Results of Operations:
                               
Revenue:
                               
Administrative fees
  $     $ 34,837     $     $ 34,837  
Revenue share obligation
          (12,195 )           (12,195 )
Other service fees
    24,386       2,245             26,631  
 
                       
Total net revenue
    24,386       24,887             49,273  
Total operating expenses
    23,850       15,566       3,799       43,215  
 
                       
Operating income (loss)
    536       9,321       (3,799 )     6,058  
Interest expense
    18             (6,781 )     (6,763 )
Other income (expense)
    1       106       1,082       1,189  
 
                       
Income (loss) before income taxes
    555       9,427       (9,498 )     484  
Income tax (benefit)
    609       5,106       (5,395 )     320  
 
                       
Net income (loss)
    (54 )     4,321       (4,103 )     164  
Segment Adjusted EBITDA
  $ 6,139     $ 11,837     $ (2,987 )   $ 14,989  

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The following tables represent our results of operations, by segment, for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively:
                                 
    Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008  
    RCM     SM     Corporate     Total  
            (Unaudited, in thousands)          
Results of Operations:
                               
Revenue:
                               
Administrative fees
  $     $ 117,634     $     $ 117,634  
Revenue share obligation
          (39,279 )           (39,279 )
Other service fees
    102,218       15,392             117,610  
 
                       
Total net revenue
    102,218       93,747             195,965  
Total operating expenses
    100,704       54,289       15,683       170,676  
 
                       
Operating income (loss)
    1,514       39,458       (15,683 )     25,289  
Interest expense
    (3 )     (1 )     (15,116 )     (15,120 )
Other income (expense)
    41       (59 )     (2,083 )     (2,101 )
 
                       
Income (loss) before income taxes
    1,552       39,398       (32,882 )     8,068  
Income tax (benefit)
    604       15,251       (12,596 )     3,259  
 
                       
Net income (loss)
    948       24,147       (20,286 )     4,809  
Segment Adjusted EBITDA
  $ 26,043     $ 46,547     $ (12,323 )   $ 60,267  
 
    Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007  
    RCM     SM     Corporate     Total  
            (Unaudited, in thousands)          
Results of Operations:
                               
Revenue:
                               
Administrative fees
  $     $ 105,880     $     $ 105,880  
Revenue share obligation
          (34,914 )           (34,914 )
Other service fees
    54,394       9,237             63,631  
 
                       
Total net revenue
    54,394       80,203             134,597  
Total operating expenses
    51,104       49,754       11,074       111,932  
 
                       
Operating income (loss)
    3,290       30,449       (11,074 )     22,665  
Interest expense
    14       (1 )     (14,164 )     (14,151 )
Other (expense) income
    (19 )     107       2,013       2,101  
 
                       
Income (loss) before income taxes
    3,285       30,555       (23,225 )     10,615  
Income tax (benefit)
    1,553       13,209       (10,569 )     4,193  
 
                       
Net income (loss)
    1,732       17,346       (12,656 )     6,422  
Segment Adjusted EBITDA
  $ 16,137     $ 37,494     $ (8,806 )   $ 44,825  
 

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SFAS No. 131 requires that the total of the reportable segments’ measures of profit or loss be reconciled to the Company’s consolidated operating results. The following table reconciles Segment Adjusted EBITDA to consolidated net income for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively:
                                 
    Three Months Ended September 30,     Nine Months Ended September 30,  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
            (Unaudited, in thousands)          
RCM Adjusted EBITDA
  $ 14,003     $ 6,139     $ 26,043     $ 16,137  
SM Adjusted EBITDA
    15,207       11,837       46,547       37,494  
 
                       
Total reportable Segment Adjusted EBITDA
    29,210       17,976       72,590       53,631  
Depreciation
    (2,165 )     (1,613 )     (5,841 )     (4,186 )
Amortization of intangibles
    (7,324 )     (5,102 )     (16,117 )     (10,933 )
Amortization of intangibles (included in cost of revenue)
    (233 )     (87 )     (995 )     (767 )
Interest expense, net of interest income (1)
    13       20       15       17  
Income tax
    (7,219 )     (5,715 )     (15,855 )     (14,762 )
Impairment of intangibles (2)
                (1,916 )     (1,195 )
Share-based compensation expense (3)
    (1,755 )     (809 )     (4,720 )     (1,740 )
Purchase accounting adjustments (4)
    (707 )     (403 )     (2,066 )     (987 )
 
                       
Total reportable segment net income
    9,820       4,267       25,095       19,078  
Corporate net (loss)
    (6,134 )     (4,103 )     (20,286 )     (12,656 )
 
                       
Consolidated net income
  $ 3,686     $ 164     $ 4,809     $ 6,422  
 
(1)   Interest income is included in other income (expense) and is not netted against interest expense in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 
(2)   Impairment of intangibles during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 primarily relates to acquired developed technology from prior acquisitions, revenue cycle management tradename and internally developed software products, mainly due to the integration of Accuro’s operations and products. Impairment of intangibles during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 represents the write-off of in-process research and development from the XactiMed acquisition in May 2007.
 
(3)   Represents non-cash share-based compensation to both employees and directors. We believe excluding this non-cash expense allows us to compare our operating performance without regard to the impact of share-based compensation, which varies from period to period based on amount and timing of grants.
 
(4)   These adjustments include the effect on revenue of adjusting acquired deferred revenue balances, net of any reduction in associated deferred costs, to fair value as of the respective acquisition dates for Avega Health Systems, Inc. (or “Avega”), XactiMed, and Accuro. The reduction of the deferred revenue balances materially affects period-to-period financial performance comparability and revenue and earnings growth in periods subsequent to the acquisition and is not indicative of the changes in underlying results of operations.
12. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTION
In 2008, we entered into an arrangement with JJB Aviation, LLC (“JJB”), a limited liability company owned by our chief executive officer, John Bardis, for the certain use of an airplane owned by JJB. We pay JJB at market-based rates for the use of the airplane for business purposes. The audit committee of the board of directors reviews such usage of the airplane and approves any payment that exceeds the agreed-upon arrangement. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, we incurred charges of approximately $237,000 and $442,000, respectively, related to JJB.
13. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Conclusion of IRS Income Tax Audit
On October 28, 2008, the IRS notified us that our 2007 income tax return would be subject to a limited review in conjunction with the audit of our income tax returns for tax years 2004-2006. On November 3, 2008, the IRS concluded its audit of tax years 2004-2006 and its review of tax year 2007. As a result, our FIN 48 reserve and net operating loss carryforwards will be revised in the fourth quarter 2008 based on the finalization of certain matters under audit. We estimate the impact to our net income to be a reduction to income tax expense of approximately $50,000 to $75,000. The review of our 2007 tax year resulted in no change.
2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
On October 30, 2008, four proposals were presented for stockholder approval at our annual meeting of stockholders: (i) to elect Samantha Trotman Burman, Vernon R. Loucks, Jr., Earl H. Norman and John C. Rutherford as directors to serve for a three-year term

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until the annual meeting of the Company’s stockholders to be held in 2011; (ii) to ratify the appointment of BDO Seidman, LLP, as independent registered public accounting firm for the Company for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2008; (iii) to approve the issuance, at the Company’s discretion, of up to $20,000,000 worth of shares of MedAssets common stock, as opposed to making a cash payment, in connection with the Accuro Acquisition; and (iv) to adopt a new long-term performance incentive plan. All proposals were approved by the requisite vote of stockholders. As a result of the adoption of the new long-term performance incentive plan, we expect our stock compensation expense to increase in future periods.
Revolver Borrowing
In light of the current credit markets, in October 2008, we borrowed an additional $30,000,000 under our revolving credit facility and subsequently invested it in U.S. Treasury cash reserves. The purpose of this borrowing was to provide us with excess cash on hand for use in the case of catastrophic events in the credit markets. We plan to repay this borrowing upon the stabilization of the credit markets.
Accuro Post-Closing Working Capital Adjustment
In October 2008, we finalized the post-closing working capital adjustment related to the Accuro Acquisition. As a result, we paid approximately $549,000 to the former Accuro shareholders.
Lease Arrangements
In October 2008, we amended and entered into certain operating lease agreements to lease additional office space. See Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Commitments in Item 2 (Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations) of Part I herein.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
NOTE ON FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains certain “forward-looking statements” (as defined in Section 27A of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the “Securities Act,” and Section 21E of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the “Exchange Act”) that reflect our expectations regarding our future growth, results of operations, performance and business prospects and opportunities. Words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “plans,” “expects,” “intends,” “estimates,” “projects,” “targets,” “can,” “could,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “would,” and similar expressions have been used to identify these forward-looking statements, but are not the exclusive means of identifying these statements. For purposes of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. These statements reflect our current beliefs and expectations and are based on information currently available to us. As such, no assurance can be given that our future growth, results of operations, performance and business prospects and opportunities covered by such forward-looking statements will be achieved. We have no intention or obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements to reflect new events, information or circumstances.
A number of important factors could cause our actual results to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements, including those described under the heading “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1.A herein, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, as filed with the SEC on March 24, 2008 and in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2008 as filed with the SEC on August 14, 2008.
Overview
We provide technology-enabled products and services which together deliver solutions designed to improve operating margin and cash flow for hospitals, health systems and other ancillary healthcare providers. Our customer-specific solutions are designed to efficiently analyze detailed information across the spectrum of revenue cycle and spend management processes. Our solutions integrate with existing operations and enterprise software systems of our customers and provide financial improvement with minimal upfront costs or capital expenditures. Our operations and customers are primarily located throughout the United States.
Management’s primary metrics to measure the consolidated financial performance of the business are gross fees, net revenue, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin (Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of total net revenue). We define gross fees as total net revenue plus our revenue share obligations. We use these metrics to measure our business given they provide period-over-period comparability and measure the fundamental business elements which our management can influence in the short term.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, our primary results of operations included the following (unaudited, in millions):
                                                                           
    Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Change   Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  Change
    2008   2007   Amount   %   2008   2007   Amount   %
Gross fees
  $ 90.2     $ 61.5     $ 28.7       46.7 %   $ 235.2     $ 169.5     $ 65.7       38.8 %
Revenue share obligation
    (14.2 )     (12.2 )     (2.0 )     16.4       (39.2 )     (34.9 )     (4.2 )     12.3  
 
                                               
Total net revenue
    76.0       49.3       26.7       54.2       196.0       134.6       61.4       45.6  
Operating income
    11.8       6.1       5.7       93.4       25.3       22.7       2.6       11.5  
Net income
  $ 3.7     $ 0.2     $ 3.5       1,750.0 %   $ 4.8     $ 6.4     $ (1.6 )     (25.0 )%
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, increases in gross fees and total net revenues compared to the same periods ending September 30, 2007 were primarily attributable to:
    the acquisitions of XactiMed (in May 2007), MD-X (in July 2007) and Accuro (in June 2008) by our Revenue Cycle Management segment (or the “Revenue Cycle Management Segment Acquisitions”); and
 
    strong performance by our Spend Management segment due to higher administrative fees, consulting fees, and subscription revenues, partially offset by declining performance from our decision support software and services in our Revenue Cycle Management segment, which was the result of a scheduled and planned step down in software support and maintenance fees from a large customer and the negative impact of the delay of the release of our newest decision support software (which was released in October 2008).

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Increases in operating income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the same periods ending September 30, 2007 were primarily attributable to the increase in gross fees and net revenue described above partially offset by the following increases in expenses:
    significant increases in amortization of acquired intangibles (an increase of approximately $2.2 million and $5.2 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively);
 
    non-recurring charges incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2008, including $2.1 million in intangible asset impairment charges, primarily related to the Accuro Acquisition, and a $3.9 million interest rate swap cancellation charge;
 
    expenses related to acquisition integration efforts at our Revenue Cycle Management segment; and
 
    greater general and administrative costs associated with being a publicly-traded company which contributed to higher costs as compared to the prior year. The initial public offering of our common stock was completed on December 18, 2007.
Adjusted EBITDA (a) is summarized as follows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 (unaudited, in millions):
                                                                   
    Three Months Ended September 30,   Change   Nine Months Ended September 30,   Change
    2008   2007   Amount   %   2008   2007   Amount   %
 
Adjusted EBITDA (a)
  $ 25.2     $ 15.0     $ 10.2       68.1 %   $ 60.3     $ 44.8     $ 15.5       34.4 %
Adjusted EBITDA margin
    33.2 %     30.4 %                     30.8 %     33.3 %                
 
(a)   Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations —Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
Adjusted EBITDA increased $10.2 million and $15.5 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively, primarily attributable to the increases in gross fees and net revenue described above. In addition, for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, the Adjusted EBITDA margin declined due to the impact of an increased mix of revenue from our Revenue Cycle Management segment which generally exhibits lower Adjusted EBITDA margins as compared to our Spend Management segment.
Recent Developments
Acquisition of Accuro
On June 2, 2008, we completed the acquisition of Accuro. During the three months ended September 30, 2008, we adjusted our initial preliminary purchase price by approximately $0.5 million in connection with a post-closing working capital adjustment required by the purchase agreement. We accrued the approximate $0.5 million working capital adjustment on our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2008 and paid the adjustment amount in October 2008.
We acquired all the outstanding stock of Accuro for a total preliminary purchase price of approximately $357.9 million comprised of approximately $209.9 million in cash (including approximately $5.4 million in acquisition related costs and the approximate $0.5 million accrued post-closing working capital adjustment), approximately 8.85 million unregistered shares of our common stock valued at approximately $129.4 million, and an additional deferred payment of $20.0 million payable at our option either in cash or in shares of our common stock on the first anniversary of the transaction closing date. Accuro’s results of operations are included in our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for all periods subsequent to the acquisition date of June 2, 2008.
Accuro is a provider of ASP-based revenue cycle management solutions that help hospitals, health systems and other ancillary healthcare providers optimize revenue capture and cash flow. The purchase price paid to Accuro’s former shareholders reflects a premium relative to the value of the identified assets due to the strategic importance of the transaction to our Company and because Accuro’s technology and service business model does not rely intensively on fixed assets. The following factors contribute to the strategic importance of the transaction:

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  The acquisition expands our research and development capability and general market presence, and increases our revenue cycle management product and service offerings with well regarded solutions and recurring revenue streams;
  Accuro’s business is complementary and a long-term strategic fit that provides us opportunities to expand market share and further penetrate our current customer base;
  The acquisition of Accuro, which was one of our largest and most scaled Revenue Cycle Management segment competitors, allows us to compete effectively for hospital and health system customers; and
 
  The acquisition offers us the opportunity to leverage cost and revenue synergies.
In addition, Accuro had filed an initial registration statement on Form S-1 with the SEC on January 23, 2008; accordingly, the Accuro stockholders required a valuation that was consistent with comparable publicly-traded companies. Purchase price adjustments related to Accuro were recorded as of September 30, 2008. However, the purchase price allocation continues to be preliminary and is subject to adjustment in future quarters (typically up to one year from the date of acquisition). In connection with integrating the operations of Accuro, we expect to incur additional integration-related expenses during the remainder of 2008. However, we are unable to reliably estimate future integration expenses at this time.
On August 13, 2008, we filed an amended Form 8-K/A with the SEC that includes certain historical financial statements of Accuro, and certain unaudited pro forma combined condensed financial statements of MedAssets and Accuro.
Credit Facility Amendment
In May 2008, in connection with the completion of the Accuro Acquisition, we entered into the Third Amendment to our existing credit agreement. The amendment increased our term loan facility by $50.0 million and the commitments to loan amounts under our revolving credit facility from $110.0 million to $125.0 million. The amendment also increased the applicable margins on the rate of interest we pay under our credit agreement. Upon closing this amendment, we received $50.0 million of proceeds (excluding debt issuance costs) under our increased term loan facility, and we borrowed $50.0 million under our revolving credit facility. The proceeds of the $100.0 million in increased borrowings and existing cash on hand were used to fund the cash portion of the Accuro Acquisition purchase price.
In September 2008, a subsidiary of Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. that had extended commitments of $15.0 million under our revolving credit facility filed for bankruptcy. This lender has not funded its ratable share of borrowing requests since this filing and we do not expect that this lender will fund its pro rata share of any future borrowing requests. Accordingly, until such time as these commitments are assigned to a substitute lender, the effective commitments outstanding under the revolver have declined by $15.0 million to $110.0 million.
Termination of Interest Rate Swaps
In June 2008, we terminated two floating-to-fixed rate LIBOR-based interest rate swaps that were originally set to terminate by July 2010. In consideration of the early terminations, we paid to the swap counterparty, and incurred an expense, of $3.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008. Accordingly, the swaps are no longer recorded on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2008.
Impairment of Intangible Assets
As a result of integrating the operations of Accuro into our operations, certain of our pre-existing intangible assets were deemed to be impaired as they no longer provided future economic benefit. Such intangible assets primarily included certain acquired trade names, developed technology, and internally developed software. Hence, we recorded non-cash impairment charges totaling approximately $2.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2008.
2008 Long-Term Incentive Plan
Our stockholders approved a new long-term performance incentive plan at our annual meeting on October 30, 2008. We expect our stock compensation expense will increase in future periods as we issue new equity awards under the plan.
Segment Structure and Revenue Streams
We deliver our solutions through two business segments, Revenue Cycle Management and Spend Management. Management’s primary metrics to measure segment financial performance are gross fees, net revenue and Segment Adjusted EBITDA. All our revenues are from external customers, and inter-segment revenues have been eliminated. See Note 11 of the Notes to our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements herein for discussion of Segment Adjusted EBITDA, and certain items of our segment results of operations and financial position.

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Revenue Cycle Management
Our Revenue Cycle Management (including the operations of Accuro) segment provides a comprehensive suite of software and services spanning the revenue cycle workflow of hospitals, health systems and other ancillary healthcare providers — from patient admission, patient financial liability estimation, charge capture, case management, contract management and health information management through claims processing and accounts receivable management. Our workflow solutions, together with our data management and business intelligence tools, increase revenue capture and cash collections, reduce accounts receivable balances and improve regulatory compliance. Our Revenue Cycle Management segment revenue consists of the following components:
Subscription and implementation fees. We earn fixed subscription fees on a monthly or annual basis on multi-year contracts for customer access to our ASP-based solutions. We also charge our customers upfront fees for implementation services. Implementation fees are earned over the subscription period or estimated customer relationship period, whichever is longer.
Transaction fees. For certain revenue cycle management solutions, we earn fees that vary based on the volume of customer transactions or enrolled members.
Software-related fees. We earn license, consulting, maintenance and other software-related service fees for our business intelligence, decision support and other software products.
Service fees. For certain revenue cycle management solutions we earn fees based on a percentage of cash remittances collected.
Spend Management
Our Spend Management segment provides a suite of technology-enabled services that help our customers manage their non-labor expense categories. Our solutions lower supply and medical device pricing and utilization by managing the procurement process through our group purchasing organization’s portfolio of contracts, our consulting services and business intelligence tools. Our Spend Management segment revenue consists of the following components:
Administrative fees and revenue share obligations. We earn administrative fees from manufacturers, distributors and other vendors of products and services with whom we have contracts under which our group purchasing organization customers may purchase products and services. Administrative fees represent a percentage, which we refer to as our administrative fee ratio, typically ranging from 0.25% to 3.00% of the purchases made by our group purchasing organization customers through contracts with our vendors.
Our group purchasing organization customers make purchases, and receive shipments, directly from the vendors. Generally on a monthly or quarterly basis, vendors provide us with a report describing the purchases made by our customers through our group purchasing organization vendor contracts, including associated administrative fees. We recognize revenue upon the receipt of these reports from vendors.
Some customer contracts require that a portion of our administrative fees are contingent upon achieving certain financial improvements, such as lower supply costs, which we refer to as performance targets. Contingent administrative fees are not recognized as revenue until the customer confirms achievement of those contractual performance targets. Prior to customer confirmation that a performance target has been achieved, we record contingent administrative fees as deferred revenue on our consolidated balance sheet. Often, recognition of this revenue occurs in periods subsequent to the recognition of the associated costs. Should we fail to meet a performance target, we may be contractually obligated to refund some or all of the contingent fees.
Additionally, in many cases, we are contractually obligated to pay a portion of the administrative fees to our hospital and health system customers. Typically this amount, or revenue share obligation, is calculated as a percentage of administrative fees earned on a particular customer’s purchases from our vendors. Our total net revenue on our consolidated statements of operations is shown net of the revenue share obligation.
Other service fees. The following items are included as other service fees in our condensed consolidated statement of operations:
    Consulting fees. We consult with our customers regarding the costs and utilization of medical devices and implantable physician preference items, or PPI, and the efficiency and quality of their key clinical service lines. Our consulting projects are typically fixed fee projects with a duration of three to nine months, and the related revenues are earned as services are rendered.
 
    Subscription fees. We also offer technology-enabled services that provide spend management analytics and data services to improve operational efficiency, reduce supply costs, and increase transparency across spend management processes. We earn fixed subscription fees on a monthly basis for these ASP-hosted services.

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Operating Expenses
We classify our operating expenses as follows:
Cost of revenue. Cost of revenue primarily consists of the direct labor costs incurred to generate our revenue. Direct labor costs consist primarily of salaries, benefits, and other direct costs and share-based compensation expenses related to personnel who provide services to implement our solutions for our customers. As the majority of our service offerings are performed internally, our costs to provide these services are primarily labor-driven. A less significant portion of our cost of revenue derives from third-party products and services, and client reimbursed out-of-pocket costs. Cost of revenue does not include allocated amounts for rent, depreciation or amortization, but does include the amortization for the cost of software to be sold, leased, or otherwise marketed. As a result of the Accuro Acquisition, we expect some reclassifications between and among cost of revenue and other operating expense classifications resulting from the implementation of our accounting policies that could affect period over period comparability.
Product development expenses. Product development expenses primarily consist of the salaries, benefits, and share-based compensation expense of the technology professionals who develop our software-related products and services.
Selling and marketing expenses. Selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of costs related to marketing programs (including trade shows and brand messaging), personnel-related expenses for sales and marketing employees (including salaries, benefits, incentive compensation and share-based compensation expense), certain meeting costs, and travel-related expenses.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel-related expenses for administrative employees (including salaries, benefits, incentive compensation and share-based compensation expense) and travel-related expenses, occupancy and other indirect costs, insurance costs, professional fees, and other general overhead expenses. As compared to 2007, we expect that general and administrative expenses will continue to increase as we incur additional expenses related to being a publicly-traded company.
Depreciation. Depreciation expense consists primarily of depreciation of fixed assets and the amortization of software, including capitalized costs of software developed for internal use.
Amortization of intangibles. Amortization of intangibles includes the amortization of all identified intangible assets (with the exception of software), primarily resulting from acquisitions.
Results of Operations
Consolidated Tables
The following table sets forth our consolidated results of operations grouped by segment for the periods shown:
                                   
    Three Months Ended September 30,     Nine Months Ended September 30,  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
    (Unaudited, in thousands)  
Net revenue:
                               
Revenue Cycle Management
  $ 45,791     $ 24,386     $ 102,218     $ 54,394  
Spend Management
                               
Administrative fees
    39,867       34,837       117,634       105,880  
Revenue share obligation
    (14,204 )     (12,195 )     (39,279 )     (34,914 )
Other service fees
    4,518       2,245       15,392       9,237  
 
                       
Total Spend Management
    30,181       24,887       93,747       80,203  
 
                       
Total net revenue
    75,972       49,273       195,965       134,597  
Operating expenses:
                               
Revenue Cycle Management
    41,702       23,850       100,704       51,104  
Spend Management
    17,217       15,566       54,289       49,754  
 
                       
Total segment operating expenses
    58,919       39,416       154,993       100,858  
Operating income:
                               
Revenue Cycle Management
    4,089       536       1,514       3,290  
Spend Management
    12,964       9,321       39,458       30,449  
 
                       
Total segment operating income
    17,053       9,857       40,972       33,739  
Corporate expenses(1)
    (5,226 )     (3,799 )     (15,683 )     (11,074 )
 
                       

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    Three Months Ended September 30,     Nine Months Ended September 30,  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
    (Unaudited, in thousands)  
Operating income
    11,827       6,058       25,289       22,665  
Other (expense) income:
                               
Interest expense
    (5,803 )     (6,763 )     (15,120 )     (14,151 )
Other income (expense)
    228       1,189       (2,101 )     2,101  
 
                       
Income before income taxes
    6,252       484       8,068       10,615  
Income tax expense
    (2,566 )     (320 )     (3,259 )     (4,193 )
 
                       
Net income
    3,686       164       4,809       6,422  
Reportable segment Adjusted EBITDA(2):
                               
Revenue Cycle Management
    14,003       6,139       26,043       16,137  
Spend Management
  $ 15,207     $ 11,837     $ 46,547     $ 37,494  
Reportable segment Adjusted EBITDA margin (3):
                               
Revenue Cycle Management
    30.6 %     25.2 %     25.5 %     29.7 %
Spend Management
    50.4 %     47.6 %     49.6 %     46.8 %
 
(1)   Represents the expenses of corporate office operations. Corporate does not represent an operating segment of the Company.
 
(2)   Management’s primary metric of segment profit or loss is Segment Adjusted EBITDA. See Note 11 of our unaudited Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements herein.
 
(3)   Reportable segment Adjusted EBITDA margin represents each reportable segment’s Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of each segment’s respective net revenue.
Comparison of the Three Months Ended September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007
                                                 
    Three Months Ended September 30,  
    2008     2007     Change  
            % of             % of              
    Amount     Revenue     Amount     Revenue     Amount     %  
    (Unaudited, in thousands)  
Net revenue:
                                               
Revenue Cycle Management
  $ 45,791       60.3 %   $ 24,386       49.5 %   $ 21,405       87.8 %
Spend Management
                                               
Administrative fees
    39,867       52.4       34,837       70.7       5,030       14.4  
Revenue share obligation
    (14,204 )     (18.7 )     (12,195 )     (24.7 )     (2,009 )     16.5  
Other service fees
    4,518       6.0       2,245       4.5       2,273       101.3  
 
                                   
Total Spend Management
    30,181       39.7       24,887       50.5       5,294       21.3  
 
                                   
Total net revenue
  $ 75,972       100.0 %   $ 49,273       100.0 %   $ 26,699       54.2 %
Total Net Revenue
Total net revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2008 was $76.0 million, an increase of $26.7 million, or 54.2%, from total net revenue of $49.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007. The increase in total net revenue was comprised of a $21.4 million increase in Revenue Cycle Management revenue and a $5.3 million increase in Spend Management revenue.
Revenue Cycle Management revenue. Revenue Cycle Management net revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2008 was $45.8 million, an increase of $21.4 million, or 87.8%, from net revenue of $24.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007. The increase was primarily the result of the following:
    Accuro Acquisition. $17.2 million of the increase resulted from product and service revenue attributable to Accuro, which we acquired on June 2, 2008. The operating results of Accuro were included in our full three months ended September 30, 2008 and were not included in the comparable prior period.

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      On a pro forma basis, net revenue from the Revenue Cycle Management segment grew from $41.0 million to $45.8 million, or an 11.8% increase, during the three months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2007. This growth was primarily attributable to increases in our recurring subscription fees and services revenue, partially offset by a decrease in our decision support software and services revenue. Such unaudited pro forma net revenue gives effect to the Accuro Acquisition as if it was completed on January 1 of each respective year. Our provision of unaudited pro forma financial data is for illustrative and information purposes only and is not intended to represent or be indicative of what our results of operations would have been if the acquisition of Accuro had occurred at the beginning of the period. Unaudited pro forma financial data also should not be considered representative of our future results of operations.
    Non-acquisition related products and services. Non-acquisition related revenue increased $4.2 million or 17.1% as compared to the prior period. This increase primarily relates to revenue growth resulting from our software subscription revenues of approximately $2.6 million and our transactional fee revenue of approximately $2.8 million. Partially offsetting this combined revenue growth of $5.4 million is a $1.2 million decrease in revenue from our decision support software and services. This $1.2 million decrease in net revenue from our decision support products and services, excluding those acquired from Accuro, is primarily due to two factors. We experienced a $0.7 million revenue loss due to a scheduled and planned step down in software support and maintenance fees from a large decision support customer. For the quarter ended September 30, 2008, we began recognizing revenue related to our largest decision support customer. We expect significant revenue from this customer to be recognized ratably through the first quarter 2010. Additionally, during 2007 and the first nine months of 2008, we experienced delays in the release of the latest version of our decision support software, which limited the growth of Revenue Cycle Management net revenue. The latest version of the software was released in October 2008; however, due to the previous delay, we expect continued adverse impact through the fourth quarter of 2008 and early into 2009.
Spend Management net revenue. Spend Management net revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2008 was $30.2 million, an increase of $5.3 million, or 21.3%, from net revenue of $24.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007. The increase was primarily the result of an increase in administrative fees of $5.0 million, or 14.4%, partially offset by a $2.0 million increase in revenue share obligations, and an increase in other service fees of $2.3 million.
    Administrative fees. Administrative fee revenue increased by $5.0 million, or 14.4%, as compared to the prior period, primarily due to higher purchasing volumes by new and existing customers under our group purchasing organization contracts with our manufacturer and distributor vendors. We may have fluctuations in our administrative fee revenue in future quarters as the timing of vendor reporting and recognition of contingent revenue may not result in discernable trends.
 
    Revenue share obligation. Revenue share obligation increased $2.0 million compared to the prior period. We analyze the impact that our revenue share obligation has on our results of operations by analyzing the ratio of revenue share obligation to administrative fees (or the “revenue share ratio”). The revenue share ratio for the three months ended September 30, 2008 was approximately 35.6%, which was slightly higher than the revenue share ratio of approximately 35.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2007. This is mainly due to a higher percentage of purchasing volumes coming from customers who pay us fixed service fees, and in turn, receive higher revenue share obligation payments. We may experience some quarterly fluctuations in our revenue share ratio from changes in revenue mix derived from larger customers and the timing of vendor reporting.
 
    Other service fees. The $2.3 million of growth in other service fees primarily related to $1.2 million of increased revenue from our supply chain consulting services and $0.5 million resulted from increased subscription fees associated with our spend management analytical services. This increase primarily resulted from additional consulting hours and an increased number of consulting engagements from new and existing customers, including a new engagement with a large health system whose services began during the second quarter of 2008.

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    Three Months Ended September 30,  
    2008     2007     Change  
            % of             % of              
    Amount     Revenue     Amount     Revenue     Amount     %  
    (Unaudited, in thousands)  
Operating expenses:
                                               
Cost of revenue
  $ 17,101       22.5 %   $ 8,155       16.6 %   $ 8,946       109.7 %
Product development expenses
    4,719       6.2       1,916       3.9       2,803       146.3  
Selling and marketing expenses
    9,641       12.7       7,958       16.1       1,683       21.1  
General and administrative expenses
    22,779       30.0       18,148       36.8       4,631       25.5  
Depreciation
    2,581       3.4       1,936       3.9       645       33.3  
Amortization of intangibles
    7,324       9.6       5,102       10.4       2,222       43.6  
 
                                   
Total operating expenses
    64,145       84.4 %     43,215       87.7       20,930       48.4 %
 
                                               
Operating expenses by segment:
                                               
Revenue Cycle Management
    41,702       54.9 %     23,850       48.4       17,852       74.9 %
Spend Management
    17,217       22.7       15,566       31.6       1,651       10.6  
 
                                   
Total segment operating expenses
    58,919       77.6       39,416       80.0       19,503       49.5  
Corporate expenses
    5,226       6.8       3,799       7.7       1,427       37.6  
 
                                   
Total operating expenses
  $ 64,145       84.4 %   $ 43,215       87.7 %   $ 20,930       48.4 %
Total Operating Expenses
Cost of revenue. Cost of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2008 was $17.1 million, or 22.5% of total net revenue, an increase of $8.9 million, or 109.7%, from cost of revenue of $8.2 million, or 16.6% of total net revenue, for the three months ended September 30, 2007.
Of the increase, $6.3 million was attributable to cost of revenue associated with the operations of Accuro. Excluding the cost of revenue associated with Accuro, the cost of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2008 was $10.8 million, or 18.4% of total net revenue (exclusive of acquired net revenue), an increase of $2.7 million, or 32.6%, from cost of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2007 of $8.2 million (or 16.6% of related net revenue).
As a percentage of revenue, the increase in cost of revenue, excluding Accuro, is generally attributable to our direct costs associated with signing and renewing several larger Spend Management segment and enterprise client service agreements and a revenue mix shift towards our revenue cycle products and services, as compared to our Spend Management segment.
The Accuro acquisition increased our total cost of revenue, as a percentage of net revenue, during the three months ended September 30, 2008 from 18.4% (excluding Accuro) to 22.5% primarily due to the mix of revenues shifting toward the Revenue Cycle Management segment. A higher percentage of direct internal and external resources are required to derive related Revenue Cycle Management segment revenue.
Product development expenses. Product development expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2008 were $4.7 million, or 6.2% of total net revenue, an increase of $2.8 million, or 146.3%, from product development expenses of $1.9 million, or 3.9% of total net revenue, for the three months ended September 30, 2007.
The increase during the three months ended September 30, 2008 includes $2.1 million of product development expenses attributable to the operations of Accuro. The remaining $0.7 million of the increase relates to our ongoing research and development efforts in our various software products. Excluding the impact of Accuro, our product development expenses as a percentage of revenue increased from 3.9% to 4.4% primarily as a result of increased product development projects in our Revenue Cycle Management business. During the remainder of 2008, we will continue to enhance and integrate our Revenue Cycle Management products and subscription services utilizing assets acquired in our recent Revenue Cycle Management acquisitions. Therefore, we anticipate continued investment in product development and growth in this expense during the remainder of 2008 and into 2009.
Selling and marketing expenses. Selling and marketing expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2008 were $9.6 million, or 12.7% of total net revenue, an increase of $1.7 million, or 21.1%, from selling and marketing expenses of $8.0 million, or 16.1% of total net revenue, for the three months ended September 30, 2007.
This increase includes $1.2 million of selling and marketing expenses attributable to the operations of Accuro mainly consisting of the compensation of additional sales and marketing personnel. Excluding the impact of Accuro, sales and marketing expenses increased by approximately $0.5 million relating primarily to increased numbers of sales personnel, cash and share-based compensation expense.

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Selling and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenue decreased from 16.1% to 12.7% during the three month period which is primarily attributable to the addition of Accuro and the revenue growth of our Revenue Cycle Management business which incurs less selling and marketing expenses, as a percentage of revenue, than our Spend Management business.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2008 were $22.8 million, or 30.0% of total net revenue, an increase of $4.6 million, or 25.5%, from general and administrative expenses of $18.1 million, or 36.8% of total net revenue, for the three months ended September 30, 2007.
The increase during the three months ended September 30, 2008 includes $1.5 million of general and administrative expenses attributable to Accuro. Excluding the general and administrative expenses attributable to the operations of Accuro, general and administrative expenses increased by $3.1 million from the prior period, or 17.4%, to $21.3 million, or 36.3% of total net revenue (exclusive of acquired revenues). The increase in general and administrative expenses is primarily attributable to $1.4 million of higher corporate expenses, due to additional costs incurred associated with being a publicly-traded company; $1.0 million and $0.8 million of higher share-based compensation expense and travel expense, respectively (net of corporate expenses); and increases to our operating infrastructure in our Spend Management and Revenue Cycle Management segments (discussed further below). Due to the costs associated with being a publicly-traded company, we anticipate higher general and administrative expenses to continue in the remainder of 2008 as compared to 2007.
General and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue decreased from 36.8% to 30.0% due to the low general and administrative expense assumed with the Accuro Acquisition primarily due to the effects our reorganization plan. Also, general and administrative expenses grew at a lower rate than revenues primarily because of operating leverage at our Spend Management business and the leveraging of our relatively fixed corporate infrastructure costs.
Depreciation. Depreciation expense for the three months ended September 30, 2008 was $2.6 million, or 3.4% of total net revenue, an increase of $0.6 million, or 33.3%, from depreciation expense of $1.9 million, or 3.9% of total net revenue, for the three months ended September 30, 2007.
This increase primarily resulted from $0.4 million of depreciation of fixed assets acquired in the Accuro acquisition, and depreciation resulting from increased capital expenditures subsequent to September 30, 2007 for computer software developed for internal use, computer hardware related to personnel growth, and furniture and fixtures.
Amortization of intangibles. Amortization of intangibles for the three months ended September 30, 2008 was $7.3 million, or 9.6% of total net revenue, an increase of $2.2 million, or 43.6%, from amortization of intangibles of $5.1 million, or 10.4% of total net revenue, for the three months ended September 30, 2007.
This increase primarily resulted from the amortization of certain identified intangible assets acquired in the Accuro acquisition partially offset by the reduction of amortization expense related to other indentified intangibles which became fully amortized subsequent to September 30, 2007.
Segment Operating Expenses
Revenue Cycle Management expenses. Revenue Cycle Management operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2008 were $41.7 million, or 54.9% of total net revenue, an increase of $17.9 million, or 74.9%, from $23.9 million, or 48.4% of total net revenue, for the three months ended September 30, 2007.
The $17.9 million increase in operating expenses includes $15.2 million of expenses attributable to the operations of Accuro. As a percentage of Revenue Cycle Management segment net revenue, segment expenses decreased from 97.8% during the three months ended September 30, 2007 to 91.1% during the three months ended September 30, 2008. This decrease in percentage is mainly due to the leverage on operating costs in our transaction fee business and the impact of the Accuro cost structure. Excluding the expenses attributable to Accuro, Revenue Cycle Management operating expenses increased by $2.6 million, or 10.9%, primarily due to $1.8 million of higher general operating costs, including additional compensation related to implementation, product development and customer service personnel and $0.8 million of increased share-based compensation. We incurred higher share-based compensation expense during the three months ended September 30, 2008 primarily as a result of stock options granted to existing and new employees resulting from our acquisition of Accuro.
Spend Management expenses. Spend Management operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2008 were $17.2 million, or 22.7% of total net revenue, an increase of $1.7 million, or 10.6%, from $15.6 million, or 31.6% of total net revenue, for the three months ended September 30, 2007. This increase primarily relates to consulting personnel compensation and travel costs

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associated with a new large health system customer implementation that began in the second quarter of 2008. As a percentage of Spend Management segment net revenue, segment expenses decreased from 62.6% during the three months ended September 30, 2007 to 57.1% during the three months ended September 30, 2008, primarily because of a decline in cost of revenue and amortization of indentified intangibles at our group purchasing business and the decline of sales and marketing expenses for the segment.
Corporate expenses. Corporate expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2008 were $5.2 million, or 6.8% of total net revenue, an increase of $1.4 million, or 37.6%, from $3.8 million, or 7.7% of total net revenue, for the three months ended September 30, 2007. The increase was mainly the result of increased compensation and travel expenses payable to new and existing employees, including the addition of certain senior staff functions and other general increases in overhead costs as a result of being a publicly-traded company, such as higher professional fees and higher insurance expense. Due to the costs expected to be incurred as a publicly-traded company, we anticipate higher corporate expenses to continue in the remainder of 2008 as compared to 2007. However, as a percentage of total net revenue, we expect corporate expenses to continue to decline for the remainder of 2008 due to the relatively fixed cost nature of our corporate operations.
Non-operating Expenses
Interest expense. Interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2008 was $5.8 million, a decrease of $1.0 million, or 14.2%, from interest expense of $6.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007. This decrease in interest expense is due to lower debt balances outstanding during the third quarter of 2008. As of September 30, 2008, we had bank indebtedness of $255.3 million compared to $319.1 million as of September 30, 2007. The decreased bank indebtedness at September 30, 2008 is primarily a result of debt repayments made subsequent to our initial public offering partially offset by borrowings related to the Accuro acquisition. We expect increases in interest expense compared to prior periods due to an increased level of indebtedness in the first half of 2009 as compared to the first half of 2008, the amortization of $5.9 million of remaining debt issuance costs to be recognized over the remaining term of our debt, and $1.0 million of remaining future interest expense associated with the Deferred purchase consideration related to the acquisition of Accuro. Given the uncertainty of the credit markets, our interest expense may vary in 2009 as a result of fluctuations in LIBOR rates.
Other (expense) income. Other income for the three months ended September 30, 2008 was $0.2 million, comprised principally of a gain on the sale of an asset and rental income. Other income for the three months ended September 30, 2007 was $1.2 million, primarily consisting of interest and rental income.
Income tax (benefit) expense. Income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2008 was $2.6 million, an increase of $2.3 million from an income tax expense of $0.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007. The income tax expense recognized during each respective quarter was recorded based on our full-year tax provision analysis. The result is an effective tax rate of 41.0% and 66.1%, respectively, for the three month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007. The 66.1% effective tax rate for the three month period ended September 30, 2007 is driven primarily by an increase in the annual effective tax from 38.2% to 39.5% from June 30, 2007 to September 30, 2007 and is not considered by management to be indicative of our future effective tax rate. Our effective tax rate for the three month period ended September 30, 2008 of 41.0% is higher than our effective tax rate of 38.2% for the three month period ended June 30, 2008 due to a higher percentage of our income being apportioned to states with higher corporate income tax rates.
Comparison of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007
                                                 
    Nine Months Ended September 30,  
    2008     2007     Change  
            % of             % of              
    Amount     Revenue     Amount     Revenue     Amount     %  
    (Unaudited, in thousands)  
Net revenue:
                                               
Revenue Cycle Management
  $ 102,218       52.2 %   $ 54,394       40.4 %   $ 47,824       87.9 %
Spend Management
                                               
Administrative fees
    117,634       60.0       105,880       78.7       11,754       11.1  
Revenue share obligation
    (39,279 )     (20.0 )     (34,914 )     (25.9 )     (4,365 )     12.5  
Other service fees
    15,392       7.8       9,237       6.8       6,155       66.6  
 
                                   
Total Spend Management
    93,747       47.8       80,203       59.6       13,544       16.9  
 
                                   
Total net revenue
  $ 195,965       100.0 %   $ 134,597       100.0 %   $ 61,368       45.6 %
Total Net Revenue
Total net revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was $196.0 million, an increase of $61.4 million, or 45.6%, from total net revenue of $134.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The increase in total net revenue was comprised of a $47.8 million increase in Revenue Cycle Management revenue and a $13.5 million increase in Spend Management revenue.

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Revenue Cycle Management revenue. Revenue Cycle Management net revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was $102.2 million, an increase of $47.8 million, or 87.9%, from net revenue of $54.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The increase was primarily the result of the following:
    Acquisitions. $24.8 million of the increase resulted from product and service revenue attributable to the 2007 acquisitions of XactiMed and MD-X, which were included in our full nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to only approximately four and half months and three months, respectively, of operating results in the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Revenue attributable to Accuro, which we acquired on June 2, 2008, contributed an additional $22.4 million to the increase in segment revenue.
 
      On a pro forma basis, net revenue from the Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions grew from $81.2 million to $88.1 million, or an 8.5% increase, during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007. This growth was primarily attributable to a 15.4% increase in service revenue and a 6.6% increase in subscription revenue. Such unaudited pro forma net revenue gives effect to the XactiMed and MD-X acquisitions as if they were completed on January 1, 2007 and the Accuro Acquisition as if it was completed on January 1 of each respective year. Our provision of unaudited pro forma financial data is for illustrative and information purposes only and is not intended to represent or be indicative of what our results of operations would have been if the Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions had occurred at the beginning of the period. Unaudited pro forma financial data also should not be considered representative of our future results of operations.
 
      Our actual results of operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 included $12.5 million of net revenue from the operations of XactiMed and MD-X from their respective dates of acquisition. Our actual results of operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 included $59.6 million of net revenue from the operations of all Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions, including Accuro, from June 2, 2008, the date of acquisition.
 
    Non-acquisition related products and services. The increase in net revenue from non-acquisition related products and services was approximately $0.7 million or 1.3%. This increase was comprised of an approximate 17.5% increase in our software-related subscription fees from new and existing customers. Partially offsetting this increase was a 16.0% decrease in revenue from our decision support software and services. Our subscription fee growth was derived from continued market demand for our charge capture, rate modeling, and our supply-chain-revenue-cycle linkage subscription services, as well as from our latest version of our chargemaster management services.
 
      The approximate $3.2 million decrease in net revenue from our decision support software and services, excluding those acquired from Accuro, is due to the following factors: During 2007 and 2008, we experienced delays in the release of the fourth version of our decision support software, which limited the growth of Revenue Cycle Management net revenue during 2007 as well as the nine months ended September 30, 2008. The fourth version was released in October 2008; however, we expect continued adverse impact in the fourth quarter of 2008 and early into 2009. An additional contributing factor to this approximate $3.2 million revenue decline is a $1.8 million revenue loss due to a scheduled and planned step down in software support and maintenance fees from a large decision support customer.
Spend Management net revenue. Spend Management net revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was $93.7 million, an increase of $13.5 million, or 16.9%, from net revenue of $80.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The increase was primarily the result of an increase in administrative fees of $11.8 million, or 11.1%, partially offset by a $4.4 million increase in revenue share obligations, and an increase in other service fees of $6.2 million.
    Administrative fees. Administrative fee revenue increased by $11.8 million, or 11.1%, as compared to the prior period, primarily due to higher purchasing volumes by existing customers under our group purchasing organization contracts with our manufacturer and distributor vendors. Also contributing to the above increase, we experienced a net $2.7 million increase in contingent revenue recognized upon confirmation from certain customers that the respective performance targets had been achieved during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2007. We may have fluctuations in our administrative fee revenue in future quarters as the timing of vendor reporting and contingent revenue may not result in discernable trends.

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    Revenue share obligation. Revenue share obligation increased $4.4 million as compared to the prior period. We analyze the impact that our revenue share obligation has on our results of operations by analyzing the revenue share ratio. The revenue share ratio for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was 33.4%, which was relatively consistent with the revenue share ratio of 33.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. We may experience some quarterly fluctuations in our revenue share ratio from changes in revenue mix to larger customers and from the timing of vendor reporting.
 
    Other service fees. The $6.2 million of growth in other service fees primarily related to higher revenues from our supply chain consulting and subscription services. The consulting growth was mainly due to more consulting hours and an increased number of consulting engagements from new and existing customers, including a new engagement with a large health system whose services began in the second quarter 2008. Additionally, we realized growth in the number of our subscription products.
                                                 
    Nine Months Ended September 30,  
    2008     2007     Change  
            % of             % of              
    Amount     Revenue     Amount     Revenue     Amount     %  
    (Unaudited, in thousands)  
Operating expenses:
                                               
Cost of revenue
  $ 36,252       18.5 %   $ 17,845       13.3 %   $ 18,407       103.1 %
Product development expenses
    11,027       5.6       5,612       4.2       5,415       96.5  
Selling and marketing expenses
    32,096       16.4       26,675       19.8       5,421       20.3  
General and administrative expenses
    66,054       33.7       44,402       33.0       21,652       48.8  
Depreciation
    7,051       3.6       5,270       3.9       1,781       33.8  
Amortization of intangibles
    16,117       8.2       10,933       8.1       5,184       47.5  
Impairment of intangibles
    2,079       1.1       1,195       0.9       884       74.0  
 
                                   
Total operating expenses
    170,676       87.1       111,932       83.2       58,744       52.5  
 
                                               
Operating expenses by segment:
                                               
Revenue Cycle Management
    100,704       51.4       51,104       38.0       49,600       97.1  
Spend Management
    54,289       27.7       49,754       37.0       4,535       9.1  
 
                                   
Total segment operating expenses
    154,993       79.1       100,858       75.0       54,135       53.7  
Corporate expenses
    15,683       8.0       11,074       8.2       4,609       41.6  
 
                                   
Total operating expenses
  $ 170,676       87.1 %   $ 111,932       83.2 %   $ 58,744       52.5 %
Total Operating Expenses
Cost of revenue. Cost of revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was $36.3 million, or 18.5% of total net revenue, an increase of $18.4 million, or 103.1%, from cost of revenue of $17.8 million, or 13.3% of total net revenue, for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
Of the increase, $14.4 million was attributable to cost of revenue associated with the operations acquired in the Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions. Excluding the cost of revenue associated with the operations of these recently acquired businesses, the cost of revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was $17.9 million, or 13.1% of total net revenue (exclusive of acquired revenue), an increase of $4.0 million, or 28.8%, from cost of revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 of $13.9 million or 11.4% of related revenue.
The growth in total dollars and as a percentage of revenue is attributable to our direct costs associated with signing and renewing several larger Spend Management segment and enterprise client service agreements and a moderate revenue mix shift towards our revenue cycle products and services. Additionally, cost of revenue includes $1.1 million in higher share-based compensation expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the previous period.

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The Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions increased our total cost of revenue, as a percentage of net revenue, during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 from 13.1% (excluding Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions) to 18.5% primarily due to the mix of acquired Revenue Cycle Management revenues being more service, implementation and consulting based. A higher percentage of direct internal and external resources are required to derive related service revenue, specifically with respect to accounts receivable collection services.
Product development expenses. Product development expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 were $11.0 million, or 5.6% of total net revenue, an increase of $5.4 million, or 96.5%, from product development expenses of $5.6 million, or 4.2% of total net revenue, for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
The increase during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 includes $5.1 million of product development expenses attributable to the operations of the Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions. We continue to make significant investments in product development; however, greater capitalization of software development costs during this period partially offset increased investments and, excluding the product development expenses associated with these recently acquired businesses, product development expenses only increased by $0.3 million, period over period. During the remainder of 2008, we may develop a number of new and enhanced Revenue Cycle Management products and services utilizing assets acquired in the Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions. Therefore, we anticipate continued investment in product development and growth in this expense during the remainder of 2008 and into 2009.
The Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions also increased our total product development expenses, as a percentage of net revenue, during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 from 4.2% to 5.6% primarily due to the research and development operations of the Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions. We expect investment in product development efforts will continue to increase in the future. Excluding the impact of the Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions, our product development expenses as a percentage of revenue remained largely consistent, decreasing from 4.1% to 3.9%.
Selling and marketing expenses. Selling and marketing expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 were $32.1 million, or 16.4% of total net revenue, an increase of $5.4 million, or 20.3%, from selling and marketing expenses of $26.7 million, or 19.8% of total net revenue, for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
This increase includes $4.3 million of selling and marketing expenses attributable to the operations of the Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions, which mainly consist of compensation payable to additional sales and marketing personnel of the acquired businesses. Other reasons for the higher expense include higher meeting expenses associated with our annual customer and vendor meeting in 2008 compared to 2007, mainly due to a larger number of attendees, and higher share-based compensation expense during the current nine months compared to the prior period.
Excluding the impact of the Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions, selling and marketing expenses, as a percentage of revenue, decreased from 21.1% to 19.7% period over period primarily attributable to the addition of Accuro and the revenue growth of our Revenue Cycle Management business which incurs less selling and marketing expenses, as a percentage of revenue, than our Spend Management business.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 were $66.1 million, or 33.7% of total net revenue, an increase of $21.7 million, or 48.8%, from general and administrative expenses of $44.4 million, or 33.0% of total net revenue, for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
The increase during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 includes $12.2 million of general and administrative expenses attributable to the operations of the Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions. Excluding the general and administrative expenses attributable to the operations of the Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions, general and administrative expenses increased by $9.4 million from the prior period, or 23.9% to $48.9 million, or 35.8% of total net revenue (exclusive of acquired revenues). The increase in non-acquired general and administrative expenses is primarily attributable to $3.7 million of higher corporate expenses, mainly due to additional costs incurred associated with being a publicly-traded company and with new personnel, excluding share-based compensation; $1.5 million of higher share-based compensation expense; $1.0 million in higher bad debt expense to reserve for higher aging accounts receivable; $1.5 million in higher facilities lease expense; and general increases to operating infrastructure in both our Spend Management and Revenue Cycle Management segments. Due to the costs expected to be incurred as a publicly-traded company, we anticipate higher general and administrative expenses in the remainder of 2008 as compared to 2007.
Depreciation. Depreciation expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was $7.1 million, or 3.6% of total net revenue, an increase of $1.8 million, or 33.8%, from depreciation expense of $5.3 million, or 3.9% of total net revenue, for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
This increase resulted from $0.9 million of depreciation of fixed assets acquired in the Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions, and depreciation resulting from increased capital expenditures subsequent to September 30, 2007 for computer software developed for internal use, computer hardware related to personnel growth, and furniture and fixtures.

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Amortization of intangibles. Amortization of intangibles for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was $16.1million, or 8.2% of total net revenue, an increase of $5.2 million, or 47.5%, from amortization of intangibles of $10.9 million, or 8.1% of total net revenue, for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. This increase primarily resulted from the amortization of certain identified intangible assets acquired in the Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions.
Impairment of intangibles. Impairment of intangibles for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was $2.1 million compared to $1.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
Impairment during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 relates to acquired developed technology from prior acquisitions, revenue cycle management tradename and internally developed software products that were deemed to be impaired, primarily in conjunction with the product integration of the Accuro Acquisition. The 2007 impairment charge of $1.2 million relates to the write off of acquired in-process research and development in conjunction with the XactiMed acquisition. The impairment charges in both periods were primarily incurred at the Revenue Cycle Management segment.
Segment Operating Expenses
Revenue Cycle Management expenses. Revenue Cycle Management operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 were $100.7 million, or 51.4% of total net revenue, an increase of $49.6 million, or 97.1%, from $51.1 million, or 38.0% of total net revenue, for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
The primary reason for the $49.6 million increase in operating expenses is $44.7 million of expenses that are attributable to the operations acquired in the Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions. As a percentage of Revenue Cycle Management segment net revenue, segment expenses increased from 94.0% during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 to 98.5% during the nine months ended September 30, 2008. This increase in percentage is mainly due to $6.1 million of additional non-cash amortization of acquired intangibles, $0.6 million of impairment of acquired intangible assets, increased compensation payable to new and existing employees subsequent to acquisition, and integration costs associated with the Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions. We incurred growth in personnel-related expenses to support future implementations, customer service and related revenue growth.
Excluding the expenses attributable to the recently acquired businesses, Revenue Cycle Management operating expenses increased by $4.9 million, or 13.4%, primarily due to $1.8 million of higher general operating costs, including higher compensation payable to new and existing employees; $2.2 million of increased share-based compensation; $0.5 million of higher impairment of intangible assets; and $0.4 million of higher sales and service training costs related to the segment for the annual customer and vendor meeting. We incurred higher share-based compensation expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 as a result of stock options granted to employees of the recent Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions subsequent to the closing dates of those acquisitions.
Spend Management expenses. Spend Management operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 were $54.3 million, or 27.7% of total net revenue, an increase of $4.5 million, or 9.1%, from $49.8 million, or 37.0% of total net revenue, for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
The growth in Spend Management expenses was due to additional compensation payable to new consulting and support staff, contributing approximately $3.0 million of the overall increase. We incurred higher share-based compensation expense to new and existing employees of $0.5 million over the prior period. Reimbursed travel expenses increased by approximately $0.4 million from the prior period. Partially offsetting these expense increases was an approximate $0.9 million decrease in the amortization of indentified intangible assets.
As a percentage of Spend Management segment net revenue, segment expenses decreased from 62.1% during the three months ended September 30, 2007 to 57.9% during the three months ended September 30, 2008, primarily because of a decline in cost of revenue and amortization of indentified intangibles at our group purchasing business and the decline of sales and marketing expenses for the segment.
Corporate expenses. Corporate expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 were $15.7 million, or 8.0% of total net revenue, an increase of $4.6 million, or 41.6%, from $11.1 million, or 8.2% of total net revenue, for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, mainly as a result of increased compensation payable to new and existing employees, including the addition of certain senior staff functions; increased rent and office expenses from an expansion of our corporate office facilities in mid-2007; and other general increases in overhead costs as a result of being a publicly-traded company, such as higher professional fees for external auditors and legal counsel and higher insurance expense. Corporate expenses also include $0.6 million in higher share-based expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to that of the prior year. As a result of our initial public offering in December 2007, we anticipate higher corporate expenses in 2008 compared to 2007 due to costs expected to be incurred as a publicly-traded company.

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As a percentage of total net revenue, we expect corporate expenses to continue to decline for the remainder of 2008 due to the relatively fixed cost nature of our corporate operations.
Non-operating Expenses
Interest expense. Interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was $15.1 million, an increase of $1.0 million, or 6.8%, from interest expense of $14.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. As of September 30, 2008, we had total bank indebtedness of $255.3 million compared to $319.1 million as of September 30, 2007. The indebtedness incurred because of the Accuro acquisition in June 2008, and higher interest rates resulting from that refinancing, are primarily responsible for the increase in our interest expense. We expect increases in interest expense compared to prior periods due to an increased level of indebtedness in the first half of 2009 as compared to the first half of 2008, the amortization of $5.9 million of remaining debt issuance costs to be recognized over the remaining term of our debt, and $1.0 million in future interest expense associated with the Deferred purchase consideration related to the acquisition of Accuro. Given the uncertainty of the credit markets, our interest expense may vary in 2009 as a result of fluctuations in LIBOR rates.
Other (expense) income. Other expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was $2.1 million, comprised principally of a $3.9 million of expense to terminate our interest rate swap arrangements, offset by approximately $1.4 million in interest income and $0.3 million in rental income. Other income for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 was $2.1 million, primarily consisting of interest and rental income. Interest income had been higher in the first quarter of 2008 as our proceeds from our initial public offering were held in interest bearing accounts until we consummated our acquisition of Accuro.
Income tax expense. Income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was $3.3 million, a decrease of $0.9 million from an income tax expense of $4.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The income tax expense recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 reflected an estimated annual effective tax rate of 40.4% and 39.5%, respectively. The increase in the effective rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was primarily attributable to apportionment of revenue to states with higher state rates. The income tax recognized was based on our full-year tax provision analysis.
As of September 30, 2008, a valuation allowance of approximately $0.3 million is recorded against the deferred tax assets on certain state net operating loss carryforwards that management does not believe will more likely than not be realized. We will continue to assess the requirement for a valuation allowance on these state net operating loss carryforwards quarterly and intend to maintain the valuation allowance until sufficient positive evidence exists (such as cumulative positive earnings and estimated future taxable income) to support its reversal.
Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
A non-GAAP financial measure is generally defined as one that purports to measure historical or future financial performance, financial position or cash flows, but excludes or includes amounts that would not be so adjusted in the most comparable GAAP measure. We define and use Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, as set forth below.
We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) before net interest expense, income tax expense (benefit), depreciation and amortization, income (loss) from discontinued operations and other non-recurring, non-cash or non-operating items. We use Adjusted EBITDA to facilitate a comparison of our operating performance on a consistent basis from period to period that, when viewed in combination with our GAAP results and the following reconciliation, provides a more complete understanding of factors and trends affecting our business than GAAP measures alone. We believe Adjusted EBITDA assists our board of directors, management and investors in comparing our operating performance on a consistent basis because it removes the impact of our capital structure (primarily interest charges and amortization of debt issuance costs), asset base (primarily depreciation and amortization) and items outside the control of our management team (taxes), as well as other non-cash (impairment of intangibles, purchase accounting adjustments, share-based compensation expense and imputed rental income) and non-recurring (such as litigation expenses or failed acquisition charges) items, from our operations.
Our board of directors and management use Adjusted EBITDA as one of the primary measures for planning and forecasting overall expectations and for evaluating, on at least a quarterly and annual basis, actual results against such expectations.
Adjusted EBITDA is also used as a performance evaluation metric in determining achievement of certain executive incentive compensation programs, as well as for incentive compensation plans for employees generally. Adjusted EBITDA, or a similar non-GAAP measure, is also used by research analysts, investment bankers and lenders to assess our operating performance. For example, our credit agreement requires delivery of compliance reports certifying compliance with financial covenants certain of which are, in part, based on an adjusted EBITDA measurement that is similar to the Adjusted EBITDA measurement reviewed by our senior management and our board of directors. The principal difference is that the measurement of adjusted EBITDA considered by our lenders under our credit agreement allows for certain adjustments (e.g., inclusion of interest income, franchise taxes and other non-cash expenses, offset by the deduction of our capitalized lease payments for one of our office leases) that result in a higher adjusted EBITDA than the Adjusted EBITDA measure reviewed by our board of directors and management and disclosed in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. Our credit agreement also contains provisions that utilize other measures, such as excess cash flow, to measure liquidity.

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Despite the importance of this measure in analyzing our business, determining compliance with certain financial covenants in our credit agreement, measuring and determining incentive compensation and evaluating our operating performance relative to our competitors, as well as the use of adjusted EBITDA measures by securities analysts, lenders and others in their evaluation of companies, Adjusted EBITDA as disclosed in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation, or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP; nor is Adjusted EBITDA intended to be a measure of liquidity or free cash flow for our discretionary use. Some of these limitations of EBITDA are:
  EBITDA does not reflect our cash expenditures or future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;
 
  EBITDA does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;
 
  EBITDA does not reflect the interest expense, or the cash requirements to service interest or principal payments under our credit agreement;
 
  EBITDA does not reflect income tax payments we are required to make; and
 
  Although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized often will have to be replaced in the future, and EBITDA does not reflect any cash requirements for such replacements.
Adjusted EBITDA has all the inherent limitations of EBITDA.
To properly and prudently evaluate our business, we encourage you to review the GAAP financial statements included elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, and not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business. We also strongly urge you to review the reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA, along with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. In addition, because Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of financial performance under GAAP and is susceptible to varying calculations, the Adjusted EBITDA measure, as presented in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, may differ from and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.
The following table sets forth a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income, a comparable GAAP-based measure. All of the items included in the reconciliation from net income to Adjusted EBITDA are either (i) non-cash items (e.g., depreciation and amortization, impairment of intangibles and share-based compensation expense) or (ii) items that management does not consider in assessing our on-going operating performance (e.g., income taxes and interest expense). In the case of the non-cash items, management believes that investors can better assess our comparative operating performance because the measures without such items are less susceptible to variances in actual performance resulting from depreciation, amortization and other non-cash charges and more reflective of other factors that affect operating performance. In the case of the other non-recurring items, management believes that investors can better assess our operating performance if the measures are presented without these items because their financial impact does not reflect ongoing operating performance.
                                 
    Three Months Ended September 30,   Nine Months Ended September 30,
    2008   2007   2008   2007
    (Unaudited, in thousands)
 
                               
Net Income
  $ 3,686     $ 164     $ 4,809     $ 6,422  
 
                               
Depreciation
    2,581       1,936       7,051       5,270  
Amortization of intangibles
    7,324       5,102       16,117       10,933  
Amortization of intangibles (included in cost of revenue)
233       87       995       767  
Interest Expense, net of Interest Income (1)
    5,761       5,787       13,715       12,496  
Income tax (benefit) expense
    2,566       320       3,259       4,193  
         
 
                               
EBITDA
    22,151       13,396       45,946       40,081  
 
                               
Impairment of intangibles (2)
                2,079       1,195  
Share-based compensation (3)
    2,452       1,299       6,591       2,891  
Rental income from capitalized building lease (4)
    (109 )     (109 )     (329 )     (329 )
Purchase accounting adjustment (5)
    707       403       2,066       987  
Interest rate swap cancellation (6)
                3,914        
         
 
                               
Adjusted EBITDA
  $ 25,201     $ 14,989     $ 60,267     $ 44,825  

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(1)   Interest income is included in other income (expense) and is not netted against interest expense in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 
(2)   Impairment of intangibles during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 primarily relates to acquired developed technology from prior acquisitions, revenue cycle management tradename and internally developed software products, mainly due to the integration of Accuro’s operations and products. Impairment of intangibles during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 represents the write-off of in-process research and development from the XactiMed acquisition in May 2007.
 
(3)   Represents non-cash share-based compensation to both employees and directors. The significant increase in 2008 is due to share-based grants made subsequent to our initial public offering. We believe excluding this non-cash expense allows us to compare our operating performance without regard to the impact of share-based compensation expense, which varies from period to period based on the amount and timing of grants.
 
(4)   The imputed rental income recognized with respect to a capitalized building lease is deducted from net income (loss) due to its non-cash nature. We believe this income is not a useful measure of continuing operating performance. See our Consolidated Financial Statements included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 for further discussion of this rental income.
 
(5)   These adjustments include the effect on revenue of adjusting acquired deferred revenue balances, net of any reduction in associated deferred costs, to fair value as of the respective acquisition dates for Avega, XactiMed and Accuro. The reduction of the deferred revenue balances materially affects period-to-period financial performance comparability and revenue and earnings growth in future periods subsequent to the acquisition and is not indicative of changes in underlying results of operations.
 
(6)   During nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recorded an expense associated with the cancellation of our interest rate swap arrangements. In connection with the cancellation, we paid the counterparty $3.9 million in termination fees. We believe such expense is infrequent in nature and is not indicative of continuing operating performance.

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Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience and other assumptions that we find reasonable under the circumstances. Because of the uncertainty inherent in these matters, actual results could differ from the estimates.
Management considers an accounting policy to be critical if the accounting policy requires management to make particularly difficult, subjective and/or complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain. A summary of our critical accounting policies is included in Item 7 (Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations) of Part II, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007. Other than our new policy described below for accounting for our self-insurance reserves, there have been no material changes to the critical accounting policies disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007.
Self-Insurance Reserves
Beginning January 1, 2008, we established a company-wide self-insurance plan for employee healthcare and dental insurance. We accrue self-insurance reserves based upon estimates of the aggregate liability of claim costs in excess of our insurance coverage which are probable and estimable. Reserves are estimated using certain actuarial assumptions followed in the insurance industry and our historical experience. The majority of these claims are for healthcare and dental treatment claims and our liability estimate is primarily related to these claims.
Self-insurance reserves are based on management’s estimates of the costs to settle employee insurance claims. As such, differences between actual costs and management’s estimates could be significant. Additionally, changes in actuarial assumptions used in the development of these reserves could affect net income in a given period. Changes in the nature of claims or the number of employees could also impact our estimate. Our current estimated aggregate maximum payment exposure under the insurance plan, for the current plan year, is approximately $2.4 million as of September 30, 2008. Based on the trend of rising healthcare costs, we may experience higher employee healthcare expense in future periods.
New Pronouncements
Fair Value Measurements
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, (or “SFAS 157”) which establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires expanded disclosures regarding fair value measurements. SFAS 157 does not require any new fair value measurements. However, it eliminates inconsistencies in the guidance provided in previous pronouncements. For instance, SFAS 157 requires that companies evaluate their assets and liabilities within an established fair value hierarchy based on the inputs utilized in the relative valuation process.
In December 2007, the FASB provided a one-year deferral of SFAS 157 for non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis, at least annually.
On January 1, 2008, we adopted SFAS 157 for our financial assets and liabilities, which consist of derivatives we record in accordance with SFAS 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (or “SFAS 133”). These derivatives include a series of par forward contracts used to hedge currency exchange risk on a single customer contract, and an interest rate collar used to hedge interest rate risk on our indebtedness. Such derivatives are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. We have not adopted SFAS 157 for non-financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value, such as goodwill and intangible assets.
We valued our derivative instruments using Level 2 inputs, as defined under SFAS 157, because our valuation technique included inputs that are considered significantly observable in the market, either directly or indirectly. Given the nature of the inputs utilized in our valuation models and their visibility in the market, we are not able to reasonably estimate any sensitivity to changes in valuation due to market volatility. See Note 2 of our unaudited Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements herein for further discussion on the valuation methodology on our derivatives.
Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, (or “SFAS 159”), which permits all entities to choose to measure at fair value eligible financial instruments and certain other items that are not currently required to be measured at fair value. The election to measure eligible instruments at fair value can be done on an instrument-by-instrument basis, is irrevocable and can only be applied to the entire instrument. Changes in fair value for subsequent measurements will be recognized as unrealized gains or losses in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. SFAS No. 159 also establishes additional disclosure requirements. SFAS No. 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. As of

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September 30, 2008, we have not elected to measure any of our financial assets or liabilities at fair value that are not already required to be measured at fair value.
Business Combinations
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations (or “SFAS 141(R)”), which replaces SFAS No. 141. SFAS 141(R) retains the purchase method of accounting for acquisitions and requires a number of changes to the original pronouncement, including changes in the way assets and liabilities are recognized in the purchase accounting. SFAS 141(R) also changes the recognition of assets acquired and liabilities assumed arising from contingencies, requires the capitalization of in-process research and development at fair value, and requires the expensing of acquisition-related costs as incurred. SFAS 141(R) is effective for us beginning January 1, 2009 and will apply prospectively to business combinations completed on or after that date.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary cash requirements ordinarily involve payment of ordinary expenses, working capital fluctuations, repayment of borrowing obligations and capital expenditures. Our capital expenditures typically consist of software development capitalization and computer hardware purchases. Historically, the acquisition of complementary businesses has resulted in a significant use of cash. Our principal sources of funds have primarily been cash provided by operating activities, borrowings under our credit facilities and proceeds from equity issuances.
In May 2008, we entered into the Third Amendment to our existing credit agreement in connection with the completion of the Accuro Acquisition. The Third Amendment increased our term loan facility by $50.0 million and the commitments to loan amounts under our revolving credit facility from $110.0 million to $125.0 million (subsequently reduced by the Lehman Brothers bankruptcy as discussed below). The Third Amendment also increased the applicable margins on the rate of interest we pay under our credit agreement. The additional debt will continue to be subject to certain financial covenants of the original credit agreement. With respect to our revolving credit facility, there are no provisions in the credit agreement that require us to maintain a lock-box arrangement. The Third amendment became effective upon the closing of the Accuro Acquisition on June 2, 2008. We utilized cash on hand and approximately $100.0 million of the increased borrowings to fund the cash portion of the purchase price of Accuro.
On July 9, 2008, we entered into the fourth amendment to our existing credit agreement (or the “Fourth Amendment”). The Fourth Amendment increased the swing-line loan sublimit from $10.0 million to $30.0 million. The balance outstanding under our swing-line loan is a component of the revolving credit commitments. The total commitments under the credit facility, including the aggregate revolving credit commitments, were not increased as a result of the Fourth Amendment.
In September 2008, we changed our cash management practice to reduce our interest expense by instituting an auto-borrowing plan with the agent under our credit agreement. As a result, all of our excess cash on hand is voluntarily used to repay our swing-line credit facility on a daily basis and we now fund our cash expenditures by using swing-line loans. As a result, our September 30, 2008 Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet reflects a zero cash balance.
A subsidiary of Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc. that had extended commitments of $15.0 million under our revolving credit facility filed for bankruptcy in September 2008. This lender has not funded its ratable share of borrowing requests since this filing and we do not expect that this lender will fund its pro rata share of any future borrowing requests. Accordingly, until such time as these commitments are assigned to a substitute lender, the effective commitments outstanding under the revolver have declined by $15.0 million to $110.0 million.
As of September 30, 2008, we had drawn approximately $9.0 million on our swing-line loan, and $100.0 million of availability remained under our revolving credit facility (after giving effect to $1.0 million of outstanding but undrawn letters of credit on such date and the effective commitments reduction resulting in the defaulting lender affiliated with Lehman Brothers). The interest rate associated with the swing-line loan was prime rate plus a margin of 1.75% (or 6.75%) at September 30, 2008. We also had approximately $245.8 million outstanding under our term loan facility as of September 30, 2008.
In light of the current credit markets, in October 2008, we borrowed an additional $30.0 million under our revolving credit facility and subsequently invested it in U.S. Treasury cash reserves. The purpose of this borrowing was to provide us with excess cash on hand for use in the case of catastrophic events in the credit markets. We plan to repay this borrowing upon the stabilization of the credit markets.
We believe we currently have adequate capital resources and liquidity to meet our working capital needs, borrowing obligations and planned capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months, as well as our $20.0 million deferred purchase payment obligation related to the Accuro acquisition if we elect to satisfy this obligation in cash.
Historically, we have utilized federal net operating loss carryforwards for both regular and Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT) payment purposes. Consequently, our federal cash tax payments in past reporting periods have been minimal. Although we project that our federal net operating loss carryforward utilization in 2008 will be significant, we expect our cash paid for taxes to increase significantly for tax years 2008 and beyond.

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We may continue to pursue other acquisitions or investments in the future. Additionally, cash provided by operating activities could be less than expected. We may also increase our capital expenditures consistent with our anticipated growth in infrastructure, software solutions, and personnel, and as we expand our market presence. Accordingly, we may need to engage in additional equity or debt financings to secure additional funds. Any debt financing obtained by us in the future could involve restrictive covenants relating to our capital raising activities and other financial and operational matters, which may make it more difficult for us to obtain additional capital and to pursue business opportunities, including potential acquisitions. In addition, we may not be able to obtain additional financing on terms favorable to us, if at all. If we are unable to obtain required financing on terms satisfactory to us, our ability to continue to support our business growth and to respond to business challenges could be limited.
Cash Flows
Our cash provided by operations is generally attributable to cash receipts generated by our customers offset by cash paid for the operating expenses of providing services and products to our customers. If we continue to grow our revenues while maintaining a more modest growth rate in operating expenses, we expect cash provided by operations to continue to grow from period to period.
We have not historically utilized borrowings available under our credit agreement to fund operations. However, pursuant to the change in our cash management practice (described above), we plan to use the swing-line loan under our revolver for funding operations while we voluntarily apply our excess cash balances to reduce our swing-line loan on a daily basis. We may observe fluctuations in cash flows provided by operations from period to period due to unforeseen factors. These factors may cause us to draw additional amounts under our swing-line or revolving facility and may include the following:
    changes in working capital from the inconsistent timing of cash receipts and payments for major recurring items such as accounts receivable collections, accounts payable payments, revenue share obligation payments, incentive compensation, changes in deferred revenue, and other various items;
 
    unforeseeable events or transactions; and
 
    incremental net cash flows from operations of acquired businesses.
Cash provided by operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was $31.1 million and $22.1 million, respectively. The $9.0 million increase in cash provided by operations compared to the prior period is primarily due to positive cash receipts from higher profitability in the current nine month period attributable to the results of operations of the businesses acquired in the Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions and higher administrative fees and profitability at our Spend Management segment. Included in this increase are changes in assets and liabilities, including deferred revenue that contributed a net positive increase of $6.3 million in cash compared to the prior period for cash receipts that were not yet recognized as revenue; and a net positive increase of $1.8 million in accounts payable related to the timing of payments to our vendors. Partially offsetting the above increases are increases in accounts receivable balances and decreases in accrued revenue share obligations and rebates balances that have decreased cash provided by operations by a combined $11.2 million compared to the prior period. This decrease in cash primarily relates to our large semi-annual revenue share incentive payment obligations that primarily occur in the first and third quarter of each calendar year. During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we experienced an increase to bad debt expense of $0.9 million compared to the prior period to reserve for higher aging accounts receivable for services primarily related to our transaction fee and service businesses. Although we recorded additional bad debt expense, our allowance for doubtful accounts decreased by approximately $1.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2008. The decrease is primarily attributable to the write-off of certain customer receivables acquired in connection with the MD-X acquisition that we deemed uncollectible due to their respective 2007 bankruptcies. These receivable amounts were included as part of our allowance for doubtful accounts at December 31, 2007. We charged the amounts against our allowance for doubtful accounts during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 as collection efforts have been exhausted. We are monitoring our hospital and health system customer accounts receivable balances and are currently not able to estimate any unusual changes to our bad debt exposure for the remainder of the year.
We believe that cash used in or provided by investing activities will continue to be materially impacted by future acquisitions, continued growth in investments in property and equipment, and capitalized software development costs. We expect cash used in investing activities, other than acquisitions, to increase in the future due to the aforementioned items. Our property, equipment, and software investments consist primarily of technology infrastructure to provide capacity for expansion of our customer base, including computers and related equipment and software purchased or implemented by outside parties. Our software development investments consist primarily of company-managed design, development, testing and deployment of new application functionality. Cash used in investing activities increased from $103.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 to $221.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2008, mainly due to the costs of the acquisition of Accuro and increased capitalized software development costs that are primarily related to the Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions, our decision support software and services, and certain Spend Management segment software.

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Cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was $53.6 million and $82.2 million, respectively. These amounts primarily represent the net proceeds received for debt financing of the Revenue Cycle Management Acquisitions during each respective period and to fund a special dividend for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Partially offsetting the net proceeds received during these periods are voluntary and mandatory repayments on our revolving credit and term loan facilities and debt issuance costs associated with our July 2007 and May 2008 debt refinancing transactions.
Acquisition Contingent Consideration
On May 28, 2008, The Woodmoor Group, Inc. (“Woodmoor”) filed a Demand for Arbitration with the American Arbitration Association against Accuro, alleging that Woodmoor is due a “Performance Payment Amount” pursuant to the terms of the Asset Purchase Agreement (the “APA”) dated as of March 26, 2007 between Woodmoor, as Seller, and Accuro, as Buyer. Woodmoor claims that it has suffered actual damages in excess of $2,090,000 as a result of Accuro’s allegedly negligent or fraudulent actions in the performance of its obligations under the APA. Accuro and MedAssets deny the allegations and intend to defend against them. The arbitration is in the early stages of discovery and no settlement discussions have been held as of this date. To the extent any additional consideration or damages are awarded to Woodmoor prior to the first anniversary date of the Accuro Acquisition, such amounts would reduce our Deferred purchase consideration obligation. As of September 30, 2008, no financial outcome is estimable or probable. Two of our prior acquisitions (Med-Data and D&I) have provisions in the respective asset purchase agreements requiring additional consideration to be paid to the former owners of the acquired assets if certain performance criteria are met.
The Med-Data contingency period ended June 30, 2007, and on September 25, 2007, we provided notice to the former owner of the Med-Data business indicating that we do not believe any additional payment is due. The former owner has disputed our calculation of the performance measures, alleged that we failed to fulfill our contractual obligations with respect to the earn-out, and filed a complaint in federal court with respect to these matters on November 30, 2007. On March 21, 2008, we filed an answer, denying the plaintiffs’ allegations; and also filed a counterclaim, alleging that the plaintiffs fraudulently induced us to enter into the purchase agreement by intentionally concealing the true status of their relationship with their largest customer. We cannot estimate a probable outcome of the litigation at this time as this litigation is in the discovery stage. The maximum potential earn-out payment is $4.0 million. In addition, the plaintiffs claim that Ms. Hodges, one of the plaintiffs, is entitled to the accelerated vesting of options to purchase 140,000 shares of our common stock that she received in connection with her employment agreement with the Company.
The D&I performance measures have not been achieved to date. The D&I acquisition contingency period extends through December 31, 2008 and has a maximum potential earn-out of $10.0 million. We currently estimate the range of the potential earn-out payment, if the D&I performance measures are achieved, to be approximately zero to $1.0 million. As of September 30, 2008, we have not recorded a liability or an asset related to these acquisition contingencies on our balance sheets.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Commitments
We have provided a $1.0 million letter of credit to guarantee our performance under the terms of a ten-year lease agreement. The letter of credit is associated with the capital lease of a building under a finance obligation. We do not believe that this letter of credit will be drawn.
As of September 30, 2008, we did not have any other off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future significant effect on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
Due to the Accuro Acquisition, we increased the amount of office space and equipment under operating leases. Some of these operating leases include rent escalations, rent holidays, and rent concessions and incentives. However, we recognize lease expense on a straight-line basis over the minimum lease term utilizing total future minimum lease payments. Our consolidated future minimum rental payments under our operating leases with initial or remaining non-cancelable lease terms of at least one year, including those acquired from Accuro, are as follows as of September 30, 2008 for each respective year (unaudited, in thousands):
         
2008
  $ 2,224  
2009
    7,140  
2010
    6,820  
2011
    6,521  
2012
    6,057  
Thereafter
    14,499  
 
     
 
  $ 43,261  
In July 2008, we extended the term of our lease on our offices in Alpharetta, Georgia. The term of the lease was extended for an additional 12 months commencing on April 1, 2014 and terminating on March 31, 2015. The incremental rental commitment under the lease is approximately $2.0 million.
In July 2008, we entered into a new lease on our offices in Alpharetta, Georgia in order to acquire additional space totaling 22,409 square feet. The term of the expansion space is for 75 months commencing on January 1, 2009 and terminating on March 31, 2015. The total rental commitment under the lease is approximately $2.7 million.

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In August 2008, we entered into a new lease acquiring 13,653 square feet for our office in Centennial, Colorado. The term of the lease is for 87 months commencing on December 1, 2008 and terminating on February 1, 2016. The total rental commitment under the lease is approximately $2.5 million.
In September 2008, we extended the term of our lease on our office in Yakima, Washington. The term of the lease was extended for an additional 25 months commencing on October 13, 2008 and terminating on October 31, 2010. The total rental commitment under the lease is approximately $0.3 million.
In October 2008, we extended the term of our lease on our office in Billerica, Massachusetts. The term of the lease was extended for an additional 10 months commencing on November 1, 2008 and terminating on August 31, 2009. The total incremental rental commitment under the lease is approximately $0.1 million.
Other than the additional indebtedness, the deferred purchase consideration committed for the acquisition of Accuro and any potentially related purchase price adjustments, as previously disclosed, and the additional lease commitments above, there are no material changes outside the ordinary course of business with respect to our contractual obligations as presented in the table of contractual obligations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Foreign currency exchange risk. Certain of our contracts are denominated in Canadian dollars. As our Canadian sales have not historically been significant to our operations, we do not believe that changes in the Canadian dollar relative to the U.S. dollar will have a significant impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. As we continue to grow our operations, we may increase the amount of our sales to foreign customers. Although we do not expect foreign currency exchange risk to have a significant impact on our future operations, we will assess the risk on a case-specific basis to determine whether a forward currency hedge instrument would be warranted. On August 2, 2007, we entered into a series of forward contracts to fix the Canadian dollar-to-U.S. dollar exchange rates on a Canadian customer contract, as discussed in Note 2 to our Notes to unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements herein. Other than another Canadian dollar contract that we have not elected to hedge, we currently do not transact business in any currency other than the U.S. dollar.
Interest rate risk. We had outstanding borrowings on our term loan and revolving credit facility of $254.8 million as of September 30, 2008. The term loan and revolving credit facility bear interest at LIBOR plus an applicable margin. We entered into an interest rate collar in June 2008 which effectively sets a maximum interest rate of 6.00% and a minimum interest rate of 2.85% on the 3-month LIBOR interest rate we pay on $155.0 million of our notional term loan debt outstanding, effectively limiting our base interest rate exposure on this portion of our term loan debt to within that range (2.85% to 6.00%). The collar does not hedge the applicable margin that the counterparty charges (3.50% and 4.00% on our revolving credit facility and term loan, respectively, as of September 30, 2008). As of September 30, 2008, we pay an effective interest rate of 2.85% on $155.0 million of notional term loan debt outstanding before applying the applicable margin.
A hypothetical 1% increase or decrease in LIBOR would have resulted in an approximate $0.6 and $1.9 million change to our interest expense for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively, which represents potential interest rate change exposure on our outstanding credit facilities.
Item 4T. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any control and procedure, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship regarding the potential utilization of certain controls and procedures.

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As required by Rule 13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act, our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, evaluated the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Based on such evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective and were operating at a reasonable assurance level.
During the quarter ended June 30, 2008, we completed our acquisition of Accuro. We are not required to include an assessment of the disclosure controls and procedures of a newly acquired entity in our evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures for MedAssets pursuant to guidance supplied by the SEC to companies regarding the treatment of business combinations. In accordance with our integration efforts, we have initiated the process of incorporating Accuro’s operations into our disclosure controls and procedures program and plan to include them in our formal evaluation process in the future within the time period provided by applicable SEC rules and regulations.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We are not required to include a report of management’s assessment regarding internal control over financial reporting or an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm until our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2008 due to a transition period established by rules of the SEC for newly publicly-traded companies.
During the quarter ended June 30, 2008, we completed our acquisition of Accuro. In accordance with our integration efforts, we plan to initiate the process of incorporating Accuro’s operations into our internal control over financial reporting program in the future within the time period provided by applicable SEC rules and regulations. There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting for the three months ended September 30, 2008 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we may become involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business. Other than the Med-Data and Woodmoor disputes noted below, we are not presently involved in any other legal proceedings, the outcome of which, if determined adversely to us, would have a material adverse affect on our business, operating results or financial condition.
On May 28, 2008, The Woodmoor Group, Inc. (“Woodmoor”) filed a Demand for Arbitration with the American Arbitration Association against Accuro, alleging that Woodmoor is due a “Performance Payment Amount” pursuant to the terms of the Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Woodmoor APA”) dated as of March 26, 2007 between Woodmoor, as seller, and Accuro, as buyer. Woodmoor claims that it has suffered actual damages in excess of $2,090,000 as a result of Accuro’s allegedly negligent or fraudulent actions in the performance of its obligations under the Woodmoor APA. Accuro and MedAssets deny the allegations and intend to defend against them. The arbitration is in the early stages of discovery and no settlement discussions have been held as of the date of this report.
On November 30, 2007, Jacqueline Hodges, the former owner of Med-Data, filed a complaint in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, alleging that we failed to act in good faith with respect to the operation of the Med-Data business after its acquisition on July 18, 2005, by our wholly owned-subsidiary Project Metro Acquisition, LLC (subsequently merged into MedAssets Net Revenue Systems, LLC), by taking certain actions and failing to take others which had the effect of causing the business to fail to achieve additional acquisition consideration contingent on certain “earn-out” thresholds in the purchase agreement. On March 21, 2008, we filed an answer, denying the plaintiffs’ allegations; and also filed a counterclaim, alleging that the plaintiffs fraudulently induced us to enter into the purchase agreement by intentionally concealing the true status of their relationship with their largest customer. This litigation is currently in the discovery stage, and we cannot estimate a probable outcome at this time. The maximum potential earn-out payment is $4.0 million. In addition, the plaintiffs claim that Ms. Hodges, one of the plaintiffs, is entitled to the accelerated vesting of options to purchase 140,000 shares of our common stock that she received in connection with her employment agreement with the Company.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Although it is not possible to predict or identify all risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated, projected or implied in any forward looking statement, you should carefully consider the risk factors disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 as filed with the SEC on March 24, 2008 in the section titled “Risk Factors”, as well as those additional and revised risk factors listed below. Together, these risk factors constitute material

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risks and uncertainties known to us that we believe could affect our future growth, results of operations, performance and business prospects and opportunities. You should not consider these lists to be a complete statement of all the potential risks and uncertainties regarding our business and the trading price of our securities. Additional risks not presently known to us, or which we currently consider immaterial, may adversely impact our business and the trading price of our securities.
Our indebtedness could adversely affect our financial health and reduce the funds available to us for other purposes.
We have and may continue to have a significant amount of indebtedness. At September 30, 2008, we had total bank indebtedness of $255.3 million. Our interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was $15.1 million. As the rate at which interest is assessed on our outstanding indebtedness is variable, a modest interest rate increase could result in a substantial increase in interest expense. We have entered into an interest rate collar for $155.0 million (as of September 30, 2008) of our indebtedness and the terms of such hedging agreements expire prior to the maturity date of our indebtedness (collar sets a maximum interest rate of 6.0% and a minimum interest rate of 2.85% on the 3-month LIBOR).
Our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial health in the following ways:
    a material portion of our cash flow from operations must be dedicated to the payment of interest on and principal of our outstanding indebtedness, thereby reducing the funds available to us for other purposes, including working capital, acquisitions and capital expenditures;
 
    our substantial degree of leverage could make us vulnerable in the event of a downturn in general economic conditions or other adverse events in our business or our industry;
 
    our substantial degree of leverage could impair our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or general corporate purposes limiting our ability to maintain the value of our assets and operations; and
 
    there will be a material and adverse effect on our business and financial condition if we are unable to service our indebtedness or obtain additional financing, as needed.
In addition, our existing credit facility contains, and future indebtedness may contain, financial and other restrictive covenants, ratios and tests that limit our ability to incur additional debt and engage in other activities that may be in our long-term best interests. For example, our existing credit facility includes covenants restricting, among other things, our ability to incur indebtedness, create liens on assets, engage in certain lines of business, engage in certain mergers or consolidations, dispose of assets, make certain investments or acquisitions, engage in transactions with affiliates, enter into sale/leaseback transactions, enter into negative pledges or pay dividends or make other restricted payments. Our existing credit facility also includes financial covenants, including requirements that we maintain compliance with a consolidated leverage ratio and a consolidated fixed charges coverage ratio.
Our ability to comply with the covenants and ratios contained in our existing credit facility or in the agreements governing our future indebtedness may be affected by events beyond our control, including prevailing economic, financial and industry conditions. Our existing credit facility prohibits us from making dividend payments on our common stock if we are not in compliance with each of our financial covenants and our restricted payment covenant. We are currently in compliance with our existing covenants; however, any future event of default, if not waived or cured, could result in the acceleration of the maturity of our indebtedness under our existing credit facility. If we were unable to repay those amounts, the lenders under our existing credit facility could proceed against the security granted to them to secure that indebtedness. If the lenders accelerate the payment of our indebtedness, our assets may not be sufficient to repay in full such indebtedness.
Due to the challenging conditions of the financial markets, and weakening economic environment, our lenders may not be able to fund our borrowings under our revolving credit facility.
In September 2008, the subsidiary of Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. that has a $15.0 million commitment outstanding under our revolving credit facility filed for bankruptcy. As a result, this lender has failed to fund its pro rata share of borrowing requests since the date of the bankruptcy filing and we do not expect that it will fund its pro rata share of any future borrowing requests.
Other financial institutions that have extended commitments under our revolving credit facility may be unable or unwilling to fund borrowings under their existing commitments to us if they are adversely affected by the conditions of the U.S. and international capital and credit markets. Our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected if we are unable to borrow against a significant portion of the commitments under our revolving credit facility because of lender defaults.

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We may have difficulty integrating Accuro’s business.
We acquired Accuro on June 2, 2008 with the expectation that this acquisition would significantly expand the product and service offerings, customer base and market presence of our Revenue Cycle Management segment. Achieving the benefits of this acquisition will depend upon the successful integration of the acquired business into our existing operations.
     The integration risks associated with this acquisition include, but are not limited to:
    the diversion of our management’s attention, as integrating the operations and assets of the acquired business will require a substantial amount of our management’s time;
 
    difficulties associated with assimilating the operations of the acquired business, including differing technology, business systems and corporate cultures;
 
    increased demand from customers for pricing concessions based on the broader product offering;
 
    the ability to achieve operating and financial synergies anticipated to result from the acquisition;
 
    the costs of integration may exceed our expectations; and
 
    failure to retain key personnel and customers of Accuro.
We cannot assure you that we will be successful in integrating Accuro into our existing operations. The failure to successfully integrate Accuro could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations, particularly on our Revenue Cycle Management segment.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Set forth below is information regarding shares of common stock issued by us in the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that were not registered under the Securities Act. Also included is the consideration, if any, received by us for such shares, options and warrants and information relating to the section of the Securities Act, or rule of the SEC, under which exemption from registration was claimed.
Options. During the three months ended September 30, 2008, we issued approximately 40,000 unregistered shares of our common stock in connection with stock option exercises related to options issued in June 2003. The Company received approximately $54,000 in consideration in connection with these stock option exercises.
These issuances of our common stock were deemed to be exempt from registration in reliance on Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, or Regulation D or Rule 701 promulgated thereunder, as transactions by an issuer not involving any public offering.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table summarizes repurchases of our common stock for the three months ended September 30, 2008.
                                 
                    Total Number of   Maximum Number
                    Shares Purchased   (or Approximate Dollar Value)
                    as Part of Publicly   of Shares that May Yet Be
    Total Number of   Average Price Paid   Announced Plans   Purchased Under the Plans
Period   Shares Purchased (1)   per Share   or Programs   or Programs
July 1 — 31, 2008
    9,264     $ 16.19              
August 1 — 31, 2008
    13,032     $ 16.56              
September 1 — 30, 2008
                       
Total
    22,296     $ 16.42              
 
(1)   The shares set forth above represent shares of our common stock paid to us in connection with the repayment of certain notes receivable due from shareholders. See Note 8 of the unaudited Notes to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements herein.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not applicable.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
Not applicable.

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Item 6. Exhibits
     
Number   Description of Exhibit
 
   
31.1
  Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Section 302 Certification for President and Chief Executive Officer
 
   
31.2
  Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Section 302 Certification for Chief Financial Officer
 
   
32.1
  Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Section 906 Certification for President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer

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Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
             
    MEDASSETS, INC.    
 
           
November 14, 2008
  By:
Name:
  /s/ John A. Bardis
 
John A. Bardis
   
 
  Title:   Chief Executive Officer    
 
      (Principal Executive Officer)    
 
           
November 14, 2008
  By:   /s/ L. Neil Hunn    
 
           
 
  Name:   L. Neil Hunn    
 
  Title:   Chief Financial Officer    
 
      (Principal Financial Officer)    

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EXHIBIT INDEX
     
Number   Description of Exhibit
 
   
31.1
  Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Section 302 Certification for President and Chief Executive Officer
 
   
31.2
  Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Section 302 Certification for Chief Financial Officer
 
   
32.1
  Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Section 906 Certification for President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer

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