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Business Description and Significant Accounting Policies (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Business Description and Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]
BUSINESS DESCRIPTION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Business Description

Black Hills Power, Inc. (the Company, “we,” “us” or “our”) is an electric utility serving customers in South Dakota, Wyoming and Montana. We are a wholly-owned subsidiary of BHC or the Parent, a public registrant listed on the New York Stock Exchange.

Basis of Presentation

The financial statements include the accounts of Black Hills Power, Inc. and also our ownership interests in the assets, liabilities and expenses of our jointly owned facilities (Note 3) and are prepared in accordance with GAAP.

Use of Estimates and Basis of Presentation

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash Equivalents

We consider all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Regulatory Accounting

Our regulated electric operations are subject to regulation by various state and federal agencies. The accounting policies followed are generally subject to the Uniform System of Accounts of FERC.

Our regulated utility operations follow accounting standards for regulated operations and our financial statements reflect the effects of the different rate making principles followed by the various jurisdictions regulating our electric operations. If rate recovery becomes unlikely or uncertain due to competition or regulatory action, these accounting standards may no longer apply to our regulated operations. In the event we determine that we no longer meet the criteria for following accounting standards for regulated operations, the accounting impact to us could be an extraordinary non-cash charge to operations in an amount that could be material.

Regulatory assets are included in Regulatory assets, current and Regulatory assets, non-current on the accompanying Balance Sheets. Regulatory liabilities are included in Regulatory liabilities, current and Regulatory liabilities, non-current on the accompanying Balance Sheets.
We had the following regulatory assets and liabilities as follows as of December 31 (in thousands):
 
Maximum Recovery Period (in years)
2013
2012
Regulatory assets:
 
 
 
Unamortized loss on reacquired debt(a)
14
$
2,257

$
2,501

AFUDC(b)
45
8,327

8,460

Employee benefit plans(c)
13
15,233

27,001

Deferred energy costs(a)
1
7,711

6,892

Flow through accounting(a)
35
9,723

8,019

Other regulatory assets(a)
2
2,013

369

Total regulatory assets
 
$
45,264

$
53,242

 
 
 
 
Regulatory liabilities:
 
 
 
Cost of removal for utility plant(a)
53
$
30,467

$
26,630

Employee benefit plans(d)
13
10,177

15,689

Other regulatory liabilities(e)
13
2,874

1,567

Total regulatory liabilities
 
$
43,518

$
43,886

____________________
(a)    Recovery of costs but not allowed a rate of return.
(b)
In addition to recovery of costs, we are allowed a rate of return.
(c)
In addition to recovery of costs, we are allowed a return on approximately $24 million according to the approved rate case.
(d)
Approximately $13 million is included in our rate base calculation as a reduction to rate base.
(e)
Approximately $0.8 million is included in our rate base calculation as a reduction to rate base.

Regulatory assets represent items we expect to recover from customers through probable future rates.

Unamortized Loss on Reacquired Debt - The early redemption premium on reacquired bonds is being amortized over the remaining term of the original bonds.

AFUDC - The equity component of AFUDC is considered a permanent difference for tax purposes with the tax benefit being flowed through to customers as prescribed or allowed by regulators. If, based on a regulator’s action, it is probable the utility will recover the future increase in taxes payable represented by this flow-through treatment through a rate revenue increase, a regulatory asset is recognized. This regulatory asset itself is a temporary difference for which a deferred tax liability must be recognized. Accounting standards for income taxes specifically address AFUDC-equity, and require a gross-up of such amounts to reflect the revenue requirement associated with a rate-regulated environment.

Employee Benefit Plans - Employee benefit plans include the unrecognized prior service costs and net actuarial loss associated with our defined benefit pension plans and post-retirement benefit plans in regulatory assets rather than in accumulated other comprehensive income.

Deferred Energy Costs - Deferred energy and fuel cost adjustments represent the cost of electricity delivered to our utility customers that are either higher or lower than the current rates and will be recovered or refunded in future rates. Deferred energy and fuel cost adjustments are recorded and recovered or amortized as approved by the appropriate state commission.

Flow-Through Accounting - Under flow-through accounting, the income tax effects of certain tax items are reflected in our cost of service for the customer in the year in which the tax benefits are realized and result in lower utility rates. This regulatory treatment was applied to the tax benefit generated by repair costs that were previously capitalized for tax purposes in a rate case settlement that was reached in 2010. In this instance, the agreed upon rate increase was less than it would have been absent the flow-through treatment. A regulatory asset established to reflect the future increases in income taxes payable will be recovered from customers as the temporary differences reverse.

Regulatory liabilities represent items we expect to refund to customers through probable future decreases in rates.

Cost of Removal for Utility Plant - Cost of removal for utility plant represents the estimated cumulative net provisions for future removal costs included in depreciation expense for which there is no legal obligation for removal.

Employee Benefit Plans - Employee benefit plans represent the cumulative excess of pension and retiree healthcare costs recovered in rates over pension expense recorded in accordance with accounting standards for compensation - retirement benefits. In addition, this regulatory liability includes the income tax effect of the adjustment required under accounting for compensation - defined benefit plans, to record the full pension and post-retirement benefit obligations. Such income tax effect has been grossed-up to account for the revenue requirement aspect of a rate regulated environment.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts receivable consist of sales to residential, commercial, industrial, municipal and other customers all of which do not bear interest. These accounts receivable are stated at billed and unbilled amounts net of write-offs or payment received.

We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts which reflects our best estimate of uncollectible trade receivables. We regularly review our trade receivable allowances by considering such factors as historical experience, credit worthiness, the age of the receivable balances and current economic conditions that may affect collectibility. The allowance is calculated by applying estimated write-off factors to various classes of outstanding receivables, including unbilled revenue. The write-off factors used to estimate uncollectible accounts are based upon consideration of both historical collections experience and management’s best estimate of future collection success given the existing collections environment.

Following is a summary of accounts receivable at December 31 (in thousands):
 
2013
2012
Accounts receivable trade
$
16,300

$
14,965

Unbilled revenues
9,719

9,004

Allowance for doubtful accounts
(220
)
(102
)
Net accounts receivable
$
25,799

$
23,867



Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement with a fixed or determinable price, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, and collectibility is reasonably assured. Taxes collected from our customers are recorded on a net basis (excluded from Revenue).

Utility revenues are based on authorized rates approved by the state regulatory agencies and the FERC. Revenues related to the sale, transmission and distribution of energy, and delivery of service are generally recorded when service is rendered or energy is delivered to customers. To the extent that deliveries have occurred but a bill has not been issued, we accrue an estimate of the revenue since the latest billing. This estimate is calculated based upon several factors including billings through the last billing cycle in a month, and prices in effect in our jurisdictions. Each month the estimated unbilled revenue amounts are trued-up and recorded in Receivables- customers, net on the accompanying Balance Sheets.

Materials, Supplies and Fuel

Materials, supplies and fuel used for construction, operation and maintenance purposes are generally stated on a weighted-average cost basis.

Deferred Financing Costs

Deferred financing costs are amortized using the effective interest method over the term of the related debt.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Additions to property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost when placed in service. Included in the cost of regulated construction projects is AFUDC, which represents the approximate composite cost of borrowed funds and a return on equity used to finance a regulated utility project. The cost of regulated electric property, plant and equipment retired, or otherwise disposed of in the ordinary course of business, less salvage, is charged to accumulated depreciation. Removal costs associated with non-legal obligations are reclassified from accumulated depreciation and reflected as regulatory liabilities. Ordinary repairs and maintenance of property, except as allowed under rate regulations, are charged to operations as incurred.

Depreciation provisions for regulated electric property, plant and equipment are computed on a straight-line basis using an annual composite rate of 2.1% in 2013, 2.2% in 2012 and 2.2% in 2011.

Derivatives and Hedging Activities

From time to time we utilize risk management contracts including forward purchases and sales to hedge the price of fuel for our combustion turbines and fixed-for-float swaps to fix the interest on any variable rate debt. Contracts that qualify as derivatives under accounting standards for derivatives, and that are not exempted such as normal purchase/normal sale, are required to be recorded in the balance sheet as either an asset or liability, measured at its fair value. Accounting standards for derivatives require that changes in the derivative instrument’s fair value be recognized currently in earnings unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met.

Accounting standards for derivatives allow hedge accounting for qualifying fair value and cash flow hedges. Gain or loss on a derivative instrument designated and qualifying as a fair value hedging instrument as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk should be recognized currently in earnings in the same accounting period. Conversely, the effective portion of the gain or loss on a derivative instrument designated and qualifying as a cash flow hedging instrument should be reported as a component of other comprehensive income and be reclassified into earnings or as a regulatory asset or regulatory liability, net of tax, in the same period or periods during which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. The remaining gain or loss on the derivative instrument, if any, is recognized currently in earnings.

Fair Value Measurements

Accounting standards for fair value measurements provide a single definition of fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date and also requires disclosures and establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The fair value hierarchy ranks the quality and reliability of the information used to determine fair values giving the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements).

Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices available in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical unrestricted assets or liabilities.

Level 2 - Pricing inputs include quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

Level 3 - Pricing inputs include significant inputs that are generally less observable from objective sources.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

We periodically evaluate whether events and circumstances have occurred which may affect the estimated useful life or the recoverability of the remaining balance of our long-lived assets. If such events or circumstances were to indicate that the carrying amount of these assets was not recoverable, we would estimate the future cash flows expected to result from the use of the assets and their eventual disposition. If the sum of the expected future cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) was less than the carrying amount of the long-lived assets, we would recognize an impairment loss.

Income Taxes

We file a federal income tax return with other members of the Parent’s consolidated group. For financial statement purposes, federal income taxes are allocated to the individual companies based on amounts calculated on a separate return basis.

We use the liability method in accounting for income taxes. Under the liability method, deferred income taxes are recognized at currently enacted income tax rates, to reflect the tax effect of temporary differences between the financial and tax basis of assets and liabilities, as well as operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Such temporary differences are the result of provisions in the income tax law that either require or permit certain items to be reported on the income tax return in a different period than they are reported in the financial statements. We classify deferred tax assets and liabilities into current and non-current amounts based on the classification of the related assets and liabilities.

It is the Parent’s policy to apply the flow-through method of accounting for investment tax credits. Under the flow-through method, investment tax credits are reflected in net income as a reduction to income tax expense in the year they qualify. Another acceptable accounting method and an exception to this general policy is to apply the deferral method whereby the credit is amortized as a reduction of income tax expense over the useful lives of the related property which gave rise to the credits.

We recognize interest income or interest expense and penalties related to income tax matters in Income tax (expense) benefit on the Statements of Income. We account for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the financial statements in accordance with accounting standards for income taxes. The unrecognized tax benefit is classified in Other - non-current liabilities on the accompanying Balance Sheets. See Note 6 for additional information.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

Other Comprehensive Income: Presentation of Comprehensive Income, ASU 2011-05 and Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassification of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update 2011-05 and ASU 2011-12

FASB issued an accounting standards update amending ASC 220 to improve the comparability, consistency and transparency of reporting of comprehensive income. It amends existing guidance by allowing only two options for presenting the components of net income and other comprehensive income: (1) in a single continuous financial statement, statement of comprehensive income or (2) in two separate but consecutive financial statements, consisting of an income statement followed by a separate statement of other comprehensive income. Also, items that are reclassified from other comprehensive income to net income must be presented on the face of the financial statements. ASU No. 2011-05 requires retrospective application, and it is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011, with early adoption permitted. In December 2011, FASB issued ASU 2011-12. ASU 2011-12 indefinitely deferred the provisions of ASU 2011-05 requiring the presentation of reclassification adjustments for items reclassified from other comprehensive income to net income be presented on the face of the financial statements. Ultimately FASB chose not to reinstate the reclassification adjustment requirements in ASU 2011-05 but instead issued ASU 2013-02 in February 2013. The adoption of this standard did not have an impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, ASU 2013-02

In February 2013, the FASB issued new disclosure requirements for items reclassified out of AOCI to expand the disclosure requirements in ASC 220, Comprehensive Income, for presentation of changes in AOCI. ASU 2013-02 requires disclosure of (1) changes in components of other comprehensive income, (2) for items reclassified out of AOCI and into net income in their entirety, the effect of the reclassification on each affected net income line item and (3) cross references to other disclosures that provide additional detail for components of other comprehensive income that are not reclassified in their entirety to net income. Disclosures are required either on the face of the statements of income or as a separate disclosure in the notes to the financial statements. The new disclosure requirements are effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2012. The adoption of this standard did not have an impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements and Legislation

Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists

In July 2013, the FASB issued an amendment to accounting for income taxes which provides guidance on financial statement presentation of an unrecognized tax benefit when an NOL carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward exists. The objective in issuing this amendment is to eliminate diversity in practice resulting from a lack of guidance on this topic in current GAAP. Under the amendment, an entity must present an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, in the financial statements as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for an NOL carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward except under certain conditions. The amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2013, and interim periods within those years and should be applied to all unrecognized tax benefits that exist as of the effective date. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have an impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Final Tangible Personal Property Regulations, IRS Treasury Decision 9636

In September 2013, the U.S. Treasury issued final regulations addressing the tax consequences associated with amounts paid to acquire, produce, or improve tangible property. The regulations have the effect of a change in law and as a result the impact should be taken into account in the period of adoption. In general, such regulations apply to tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2014, with early adoption permitted. We expect that implementation of most, if not all, of the provisions of the final regulations to occur in 2014. Procedural guidance is expected from IRS in early 2014 to facilitate implementation. Analysis performed to date indicates no material impact to our financial statements.