-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, TVdQVsPXKjT58YLbm5H0Y6EM49dqYiEhlgrQzwDlAhL+x5ofUgfe1PICzjOj5Zyg 9cP8hSvfDz3NBZf6F6e5Iw== 0000950134-04-017173.txt : 20041112 0000950134-04-017173.hdr.sgml : 20041111 20041112060724 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000950134-04-017173 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-Q PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 20 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20040930 FILED AS OF DATE: 20041112 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20041112 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001232582 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUSTS [6798] IRS NUMBER: 861062192 STATE OF INCORPORATION: MD FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-Q SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-31775 FILM NUMBER: 041134830 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 14180 DALLAS PARKWAY 9TH FL CITY: DALLAS STATE: TX ZIP: 75254 BUSINESS PHONE: 9724909600 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 14180 DALLAS PARKWAY 9TH FL CITY: DALLAS STATE: TX ZIP: 75254 10-Q 1 d20035e10vq.htm FORM 10-Q e10vq
Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

     
x
  Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2004.
     
o
  Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the Transition Period From _____________________ to __________________.

Commission file number: 001-31775

ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC.


(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
Maryland   86-1062192

 
 
 
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (IRS employer identification number)
     
14185 Dallas Parkway, Suite 1100   75254

 
 
 
Dallas, Texas
   
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (972) 490-9600

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [  ] No [X]

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

     
Class   Outstanding at November 12, 2004

 
 
 
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share   25,810,447

 


Table of Contents

ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC.
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2004

TABLE OF CONTENTS

         
       
       
    3  
    4  
    5  
    6  
    7  
    8  
    20  
    31  
    31  
       
    32  
    32  
    32  
    32  
    32  
    33  
    34  
 First Amendment to Credit Agreement
 Loan and Security Agreement
 Loan Agreement
 Mezzanine Loan Agreement
 Broker Agreement
 Agreement of Purchase and Sale
 First Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale
 Second Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale
 Third Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale
 Fourth Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale
 International Swap Dealers Association, Inc. Master Agreement
 International Swap Dealers Association, Inc. Master Agreement
 International Swap Dealers Association, Inc. Master Agreement
 Certification Required by Rule 13a-14(a) - Chief Executive Officer
 Certification Required by Rule 13a-14(a) - Chief Financial Officer
 Certification Required by Rule 13a-14(a) - Chief Accounting Officer
 Certification Required by Rule 13a-14(b) - Chief Executive Officer
 Certification Required by Rule 13a-14(b) - Chief Financial Officer
 Certification Required by Rule 13a-14(b) - Chief Accounting Officer

2


Table of Contents

PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION (Unaudited)

ITEM 1: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
                 
    September 30,   December 31,
    2004
  2003
ASSETS
               
Investment in hotel properties, net
  $ 347,738,782     $ 173,723,998  
Cash and cash equivalents
    92,344,154       76,254,052  
Restricted cash
    21,029,522       1,373,591  
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $51,337 and $19,408, respectively
    4,473,071       1,534,843  
Inventories
    464,703       262,619  
Notes receivable
    90,552,800       10,000,000  
Deferred costs, net
    10,249,080       2,386,937  
Prepaid expenses
    1,834,236       1,577,628  
Other assets
    2,274,142       550,636  
Due from affiliates
    195,060       218,113  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Total assets
  $ 571,155,550     $ 267,882,417  
 
   
 
     
 
 
LIABILITIES AND OWNERS’ EQUITY
               
Indebtedness
  $ 286,422,168     $ 50,201,779  
Capital leases payable
    369,927       456,869  
Accounts payable
    5,690,010       2,127,611  
Accrued expenses
    10,074,102       4,572,594  
Other liabilities
    208,313        
Dividends payable
    4,467,172        
Deferred income
    519,872        
Due to affiliates
    1,026,910       584,643  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Total liabilities
    308,778,474       57,943,496  
 
Minority interest
    40,128,755       37,646,673  
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 12)
               
 
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, 2,300,000 issued and outstanding at September 30, 2004
    23,000        
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 25,810,447 and 25,730,047 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2004 and December 31, 2003, respectively
    258,104       257,300  
Additional paid-in capital
    235,124,140       179,226,668  
Unearned compensation
    (4,542,279 )     (5,564,401 )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (102,831 )      
Accumulated deficit
    (8,511,813 )     (1,627,319 )
 
   
 
     
 
 
Total owners’equity
    222,248,321       172,292,248  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Total liabilities and owners’ equity
  $ 571,155,550     $ 267,882,417  
 
   
 
     
 
 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

3


Table of Contents

ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND PREDECESSOR

CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
                         
    The Company
  The Company
  The Predecessor
    Three Months   Period From   Period From
    Ended   August 29, 2003 to   July 1, 2003 to
    September 30, 2004
  September 30, 2003
  August 28, 2003
REVENUE
                       
Rooms
  $ 24,908,944     $ 2,764,856     $ 5,098,062  
Food and beverage
    2,975,955       463,125       832,795  
Other
    1,035,406       70,572       210,554  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
Total hotel revenue
    28,920,305       3,298,553       6,141,411  
 
Interest income from notes receivable
    2,075,406              
Asset management fees from related parties
(see Note 11)
    340,711       110,591        
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
Total Revenue
    31,336,422       3,409,144       6,141,411  
 
EXPENSES
                       
Hotel operating expenses
                       
Rooms
    5,711,214       632,740       1,145,377  
Food and beverage
    2,491,446       373,313       687,997  
Other direct
    557,010       76,130       127,968  
Indirect
    9,609,951       1,084,900       2,233,281  
Management fees (see Note 11)
    908,472       98,997       182,678  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
Total hotel expenses
    19,278,093       2,266,080       4,377,301  
 
Property taxes, insurance, and other
    2,317,570       248,900       375,423  
Depreciation and amortization
    2,768,427       328,052       723,445  
Corporate general and administrative:
                       
Stock-based compensation
    605,061       228,215        
Other corporate and administrative
    2,488,587       717,076        
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
Total Operating Expenses
    27,457,738       3,788,323       5,476,169  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)
    3,878,684       (379,179 )     665,242  
 
Interest income
    115,850       100,487       5,951  
Interest expense
    (2,986,713 )     (73,333 )     (1,474,082 )
Amortization of loan costs
    (569,730 )     (11,716 )     (93,198 )
Write-off of loan costs
    (1,633,369 )            
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND MINORITY INTEREST
    (1,195,278 )     (363,741 )     (896,087 )
 
Provision for income taxes
    (530,476 )            
Minority interest
    335,227       65,583        
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
NET LOSS
  $ (1,390,527 )   $ (298,158 )   $ (896,087 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
Net Loss Available To Common Shareholders:
                       
Basic
  $ (0.06 )   $ (0.01 )        
 
   
 
     
 
         
Fully diluted
  $ (0.06 )   $ (0.01 )        
 
   
 
     
 
         
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding:
                       
Basic
    25,130,651       23,544,987          
 
   
 
     
 
         
Fully diluted
    30,996,692       23,544,987          
 
   
 
     
 
         

See notes to consolidated and combined financial statements.

4


Table of Contents

ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND PREDECESSOR

CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
                         
    The Company
  The Company
  The Predecessor
    Nine Months   Period From   Period From
    Ended   August 29, 2003 to   January 1, 2003 to
    September 30, 2004
  September 30, 2003
  August 28, 2003
REVENUE
                       
Rooms
  $ 59,991,874     $ 2,764,856     $ 19,688,349  
Food and beverage
    8,176,507       463,125       3,629,807  
Other
    2,366,860       70,572       681,656  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
Total hotel revenue
    70,535,241       3,298,553       23,999,812  
 
Interest income from notes receivable
    4,946,547              
Asset management fees from related parties
(see Note 11)
    1,000,033       110,591        
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
Total Revenue
    76,481,821       3,409,144       23,999,812  
 
EXPENSES
                       
Hotel operating expenses
                       
Rooms
    13,595,603       632,740       4,511,632  
Food and beverage
    6,229,246       373,313       2,801,002  
Other direct
    1,334,411       76,130       498,085  
Indirect
    23,361,370       1,084,900       8,687,362  
Management fees (see Note 11)
    2,191,532       98,997       718,408  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
Total hotel expenses
    46,712,162       2,266,080       17,216,489  
 
Property taxes, insurance, and other
    4,928,028       248,900       1,600,082  
Depreciation and amortization
    6,727,667       328,052       2,915,777  
Corporate general and administrative:
                       
Stock-based compensation
    1,792,069       228,215        
Other corporate and administrative
    6,909,195       717,076        
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
Total Operating Expenses
    67,069,121       3,788,323       21,732,348  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)
    9,412,700       (379,179 )     2,267,464  
 
Interest income
    247,087       100,487       22,800  
Interest expense
    (5,397,125 )     (73,333 )     (4,225,289 )
Amortization of loan costs
    (919,041 )     (11,716 )     (357,857 )
Write-off of loan costs
    (1,633,369 )            
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND MINORITY INTEREST
    1,710,252       (363,741 )     (2,292,882 )
 
                       
Provision for income taxes
    (687,176 )            
Minority interest
    (165,037 )     65,583        
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
NET INCOME (LOSS)
  $ 858,039     $ (298,158 )   $ (2,292,882 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
Net Income (Loss) Available To Common Shareholders:
                       
Basic
  $ 0.03     $ (0.01 )        
 
   
 
     
 
         
Fully diluted
  $ 0.03     $ (0.01 )        
 
   
 
     
 
         
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding:
                       
Basic
    25,066,981       23,544,987          
 
   
 
     
 
         
Fully diluted
    30,829,818       23,544,987          
 
   
 
     
 
         

See notes to consolidated and combined financial statements.

5


Table of Contents

Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc.

Consolidated Statement of Owners’ Equity
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2004
(Unaudited)
                                                                         
                                                             
    Preferred Stock
  Common Stock
  Additional           Accumulated
Other
       
    Number of   $ 0.01   Number of   $0.01   Paid-In   Unearned   Comprehensive   Accumulated    
    Shares
  Par Value
  Shares
  Par Value
  Capital
  Compensation
  Loss
  Deficit
  Total
Balance at December 31, 2003
        $       25,730,047     $ 257,300     $ 179,226,668     $ (5,564,401 )   $     $ (1,627,319 )   $ 172,292,248  
Amortization of Unearned Compensation
                                  1,754,985                   1,754,985  
Issuance of Restricted Common Shares to Employees
                70,400       704       732,159       (732,863 )                  
Issuance of Common Shares to Directors
                10,000       100       88,900                         89,000  
Dividends Declared — Common Shares
                                              (7,742,533 )     (7,742,533 )
Issuance of Preferred Shares
    2,300,000       23,000                   55,076,413                         55,099,413  
Net Unrealized Loss on Derivative Instruments
                                        (102,831 )           (102,831 )
Net Income
                                              858,039       858,039  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Balance at September 30, 2004
    2,300,000     $ 23,000       25,810,447     $ 258,104     $ 235,124,140     $ (4,542,279 )   $ (102,831 )   $ (8,511,813 )   $ 222,248,321  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

6


Table of Contents

ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND PREDECESSOR

CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
                 
            Company &
    The Company
  Predecessor
    Nine Months   Nine Months
    Ended   Ended
    September 30, 2004
  September 30, 2003
Cash flows from operating activities:
               
Net income (loss)
  $ 858,039     $ (2,591,040 )
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash flow (used in) provided by operations:
               
Depreciation and amortization
    6,727,667       3,243,829  
Amortization of deferred financing costs
    1,051,175       369,573  
Write-off of loan costs
    1,633,369        
Amortization of unearned compensation
    1,792,069       228,215  
Minority interest
    165,037       (65,583 )
Changes in assets and liabilities:
               
Accounts receivable and inventories
    (2,421,508 )     (238,952 )
Prepaids, other assets, and due from affiliates
    (1,588,570 )     (2,729,234 )
Restricted cash
    (18,688,708 )     2,910,694  
Other liabilities
    3,149,231       1,539,947  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Net cash flow (used in) provided by operating activities
    (7,322,199 )     2,667,449  
 
Cash flows from investing activities:
               
Acquisitions of notes receivable
    (87,600,000 )      
Proceeds from payments of notes receivable
    7,219,586        
Acquisitions of hotel properties
    (146,031,940 )      
Improvements and additions to hotel properties
    (9,726,378 )     (476,983 )
 
   
 
     
 
 
Net cash flow used in investing activities
    (236,138,732 )     (476,983 )
 
Cash flows from financing activities:
               
Distributions paid to owners
          (1,850,750 )
Contributions received from owners
          765,000  
Borrowings on indebtedness and capital leases
    346,298,933        
Payments on indebtedness and capital leases
    (132,660,699 )     (62,851,155 )
Payments of deferred financing costs
    (9,186,614 )      
Proceeds received from public preferred stock offering
    55,099,413        
Proceeds received from initial public offering
          202,396,981  
Proceeds from sale of stock to CEO & Chairman
          4,185,000  
Cash paid upon the Company’s formation
          (10,082,071 )
Proceeds received from over-allotment option
          14,514,183  
Payment of offering costs
          (17,374,411 )
 
   
 
     
 
 
Net cash flow provided by financing activities
    259,551,033       129,702,777  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
    16,090,102       131,893,243  
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning balance
    76,254,052       2,968,814  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents, ending balance
  $ 92,344,154     $ 134,862,057  
 
   
 
     
 
 

See notes to consolidated and combined financial statements.

7


Table of Contents

ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND PREDECESSOR

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2004
(Unaudited)

1. Organization and Description of Business

Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) is a self-advised real estate investment trust (“REIT”), which commenced operations on August 29, 2003 (“inception”) when it completed its initial public offering (“IPO”) and concurrently consummated certain other formation transactions, including the acquisition of six hotels (“initial properties”) and eight asset management and consulting contracts, all previously owned by affiliates of Remington Hotel Corporation (the “Predecessor”).

The IPO consisted of the sale of 22,500,000 shares of common stock (“initial shares”), which included 22,336,478 shares sold to the public at a price of $9 per share and 163,522 shares sold to affiliates at a price of $8.37 a share. The IPO generated gross proceeds of approximately $202.4 million. However, the aggregate proceeds to the Company, net of underwriters’ discount and offering costs, was approximately $185.3 million. In addition to the initial shares, 500,000 shares of common stock were sold to Messrs. Archie and Montgomery Bennett, the Company’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, respectively, 216,634 shares of common stock were conveyed to a limited partnership owned by Messrs. Archie and Montgomery Bennett, 25,000 shares of restricted common stock were issued to Company directors, 65,024 shares of common stock were issued to the underwriters, and 650,300 shares of restricted common stock were issued to Company executives and certain employees of the Company and its affiliates. In total, 23,956,958 shares of common stock were issued in connection with the Company’s formation. In addition, 5,657,917 units of limited partnership interest, valued at $9 per unit, were issued to Company executives and certain employees of the Company and its affiliates.

On September 26, 2003, the Company issued an additional 1,734,072 shares of common stock at a price of $9 per share as a result of the exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option. This generated additional gross proceeds of approximately $15.6 million, or net proceeds of approximately $14.5 million after considering the underwriters’ fees of approximately $1.1 million. Concurrent with this, the Company issued an additional 39,017 shares of restricted common stock to its executives and certain employees of the Company and its affiliates.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2004, the Company completed the following transactions:

  On March 15, 2004, the Company issued an additional 70,400 shares of restricted common stock to its executives and certain employees.
 
  On April 1, 2004, the Company issued an additional 106,675 units of limited partnership interest in connection with the acquisition of a hotel property.
 
  On May 19, 2004, the Company issued an additional 10,000 shares of common stock to its directors as compensation for serving on the Board through May 2005.
 
  On September 2, 2004, the Company issued an additional 333,333 units of limited partnership interest in connection with the acquisition of nine hotel properties.
 
  On September 22, 2004, the Company issued 2,300,000 shares of preferred stock related to its initial public offering of Series A Cumulative Preferred Stock.

As of September 30, 2004, the Company owned 32 hotel properties in thirteen states with 4,441 rooms, and had acquired or originated mezzanine or first-mortgage loans receivable of approximately $90.6 million.

For the Company to qualify as a REIT, it cannot operate hotels. Therefore, the Company’s operating partnership, which, as of September 30, 2004, was owned 80.89% by the Company and 19.11% by: a) Company executives, b) certain employees of the Company and its affiliates, and c) other minority interest holders, leases its hotels to Ashford TRS Corporation (“Ashford TRS”), which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the operating partnership. Ashford TRS then engages hotel management companies to operate the hotels under management contracts. Ashford TRS is treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary for federal income tax purposes. Therefore, the Company’s operating partnership and principal source of funds is dependent on Ashford TRS’s ability to generate cash flow from the operation of the Company’s hotels.

2. Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements presented herein include all of the accounts of the Company beginning with its commencement of operations on August 29, 2003. Prior to that time, this report includes the combined financial statements of the Predecessor.

These consolidated and combined financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, they do not include certain information and disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments and accruals, considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. In addition, the operations of the Company’s hotels have historically been seasonal. This seasonality pattern can be expected to cause fluctuations in the Company’s operating results. Consequently, operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2004.

8


Table of Contents

These consolidated and combined financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and footnotes for the year ended December 31, 2003, included in the Company’s Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 29, 2004. The accounting policies used in preparing these consolidated and combined financial statements are consistent with those described in such Form 10-K.

3. Significant Accounting Policies Summary

Principles of Consolidation – The Company’s consolidated financial statements include the Company and its majority-owned subsidiaries. The Predecessor’s financials statements are presented on a combined basis as a result of common ownership and control. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions among the consolidated and combined entities have been eliminated in the consolidated and combined financial statements.

Revenue Recognition – Hotel revenues include room, food, beverage, and other hotel revenues such as long-distance telephone service, laundry, and space rentals. Interest income from notes receivable represents interest earned on the Company’s mezzanine and first-mortgage loans receivable portfolio. Asset management fees relate to asset management services performed on behalf of an affiliate, including risk management and insurance procurement, assistance with taxes, negotiating franchise agreements and equipment leases, monitoring compliance with loan covenants, preparation of capital and operating budgets, and property litigation management. Revenues are recognized as the related services are delivered.

Use of Estimates – The preparation of these consolidated and combined financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Restricted Cash – Restricted cash includes reserves for debt service, real estate taxes, and insurance, as well as excess cash flow deposits and reserves for furniture, fixtures, and equipment replacements of approximately 4% of property revenue for certain hotels, as required by certain mortgage debt agreement restrictions and provisions.

Investment in Hotel Properties – The initial six hotel properties are stated at the Predecessor’s historical cost, net of any impairment charges, plus an approximate $8.1 million minority interest partial step-up recorded upon formation of the Company on August 29, 2003, related to the acquisition of minority interest from unaffiliated parties associated with four of the initial properties. Hotel properties acquired subsequent to the Company’s formation are stated at cost. Improvements and additions which extend the life of the property are capitalized.

Impairment of Investment in Hotel Properties – Hotel properties are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of the hotel properties may not be recoverable. The Company tests for impairment in several situations, including when current or projected cash flows are less than historical cash flows, when it becomes more likely than not that a hotel will be sold before the end of its previously estimated useful life, and when events or changes in circumstances indicate that a hotel’s net book value may not be recoverable. In the evaluation of the impairment of hotel properties, the Company makes many assumptions and estimates, including projected cash flows, holding period, expected useful life, future capital expenditures, and fair values, including consideration of capitalization rates, discount rates, and comparable selling prices. To date, no such impairment charges have been recognized. If an asset were deemed to be impaired, the Company would record an impairment charge for the amount that the property’s net book value exceeds its fair value.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense – Depreciation expense is based on the estimated useful life of the Company’s assets, while amortization expense for leasehold improvements is the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the related assets. Presently, hotel properties are depreciated using the straight-line method over lives which range from 15 to 39 years for buildings and improvements and 3 to 5 years for furniture, fixtures, and equipment. While the Company believes its estimates are reasonable, a change in the estimated lives could affect depreciation expense and net income (loss) as well as the gain or loss on the potential sale of any of the Company’s hotels.

Notes Receivable – The Company provides mezzanine and first-mortgage financing in the form of loans. Loans receivable are recorded at cost, adjusted for net origination fees and costs. Premiums, discounts, and net origination fees are amortized or accreted as an adjustment to interest income using the effective interest method. Loans receivable are reviewed for potential impairment at each balance sheet date. A loan receivable is considered impaired when, based on current information, it becomes probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the loan’s contractual terms. The amount of impairment, if any, is measured by comparing the recorded amount of the loan to the present value of the expected cash flows or fair value of collateral. If a loan were deemed to be impaired, the Company would record a reserve for loan losses through a charge to income for any shortfall. To date, no such impairment charges have been recognized.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities – Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” as amended and interpreted (“SFAS No. 133”), establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts, and for hedging activities. As required by SFAS No. 133, the Company records all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting designation. Derivatives used to hedge the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. Derivatives used to hedge the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges.

9


Table of Contents

For derivatives designated as fair value hedges, changes in the fair value of the derivative and the hedged item related to the hedged risk are recognized in earnings. For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative is initially reported in other comprehensive income (outside of earnings) and subsequently reclassified to earnings when the hedged transaction affects earnings, and the ineffective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative is recognized directly in earnings. The Company assesses the effectiveness of each hedging relationship by comparing the changes in fair value or cash flows of the derivative hedging instrument with the changes in fair value or cash flows of the designated hedged item or transaction.

The Company’s objective in using derivatives is to add stability to interest expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements or other identified risks. To accomplish this objective, the Company primarily uses interest rate swaps and caps as part of its cash flow hedging strategy. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts in exchange for fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying principal amount. Interest rate caps designated as cash flow hedges provide the Company with interest rate protection above the strike rate on the cap and result in the Company receiving interest payments when rates are above the cap strike.

Income Taxes – As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to federal corporate income tax on that portion of its net income (loss) that does not relate to taxable REIT subsidiaries. However, Ashford TRS is treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary for federal income tax purposes.

Stock-based Compensation – The Company accounts for stock-based compensation using the intrinsic-value method in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees.” In connection with the Company’s formation, the Company established an Employee Stock Plan (the “Stock Plan”). Under the Stock Plan, the Company has issued 784,717 shares of restricted common stock to its executives, directors, and certain employees of the Company and its affiliates and 10,000 shares of non-restricted common stock to its directors. Of the 784,717 restricted shares issued, 759,717 vest over three years and 25,000 vested over six months. Although the 10,000 non-restricted shares issued are immediately vested, these shares represent compensation for the subsequent year of service. All such shares are charged to compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting or service period based on the Company’s stock price on the date of issuance. Under the Stock Plan, the Company may issue a variety of performance-based stock awards, including nonqualified stock options. As of September 30, 2004, no performance-based stock awards have been issued other than the restricted shares discussed above. Consequently, stock-based compensation as determined under the intrinsic-value method is the same under the fair-value method.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share – Basic earnings (loss) per common share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) applicable to common shareholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Dilutive earnings (loss) per common share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common shares were exercised or converted into common shares, whereby such exercise or conversion would result in lower earnings (loss) per share. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, the following table reconciles the amounts used in calculating basic and fully diluted earnings (loss) per common share:

                 
    Three Months   Nine Months
    Ended   Ended
    September 30, 2004
  September 30, 2004
Net income (loss) applicable to common shareholders — basic
  $ (1,390,527 )   $ 858,039  
Remove minority interest
    335,227       (165,037 )
 
   
 
     
 
 
Net income (loss) applicable to common shareholders — diluted
  $ (1,725,754 )   $ 1,023,076  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding — basic
    25,130,651       25,066,981  
Weighted average units of limited partnership interest
    5,866,041       5,762,837  
Incremental diluted shares related to unvested restricted shares
           
 
   
 
     
 
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding — diluted
    30,996,692       30,829,818  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Net income (loss) per common share — basic
  $ (0.06 )   $ 0.03  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Net income (loss) per common share — diluted
  $ (0.06 )   $ 0.03  
 
   
 
     
 
 

For the period from the Company’s inception on August 29, 2003 to September 30, 2003 and the three months ended September 30, 2004, the Company reported a net loss. Consequently, the effects of the restricted shares of common stock and outstanding units of limited partnership interest are anti-dilutive for those periods. Therefore, basic and dilutive earnings (loss) per common share are the same for those periods. For the nine months ended September 30, 2004, the application of the treasury stock method resulted in no incremental diluted shares related to unvested restricted shares.

Segments – The Company presently operates in two business segments within the hotel lodging industry: direct hotel investments and hotel financing. Direct hotel investments refers to owning hotels through either acquisition or new development. Hotel financing refers to owning subordinate hotel-related mortgages through acquisition or origination. The Predecessor only operated within the direct hotel investments segment.

10


Table of Contents

Recent Accounting Pronouncements –

FIN No. 46 – In January 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” as revised (“FIN No. 46”). FIN No. 46 requires existing variable interest entities, as defined, to be consolidated by their primary beneficiaries if the variable interest entities do not effectively disperse risks among parties involved. FIN No. 46 was effective immediately for variable interest entities created after January 31, 2003, and to variable interest entities in which an enterprise obtains an interest after that date. FIN No. 46 applies to financial statements for periods ending after March 15, 2004, related to variable interest entities in which an enterprise holds a variable interest that it acquired before February 1, 2003.

Since November 2003, the Company has acquired or originated a $90.6 million portfolio of mezzanine and first-mortgage loans receivable, each of which are secured by various hotel properties or partnership interests in hotel properties and are subordinate to primary loans related to the secured hotels. All of these loans receivable are considered to be variable interests in the entities that own the related hotels, which are variable interest entities. However, the Company is not considered to be the primary beneficiary of these hotel properties as a result of holding these loans. Therefore, the Company will not consolidate the hotels for which it has provided financing. Hence, the adoption of FIN No. 46 did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. Interests in entities acquired or created in the future will be evaluated based on FIN No. 46 criteria and such entities will be consolidated, if required.

4. Investment in Hotel Properties

Investment in Hotel Properties consists of the following as of September 30, 2004 and December 31, 2003:

                 
    September 30,   December 31,
    2004
  2003
Land
  $ 51,113,115     $ 28,652,386  
Buildings and improvements
    288,021,397       143,811,837  
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment
    35,996,188       22,002,543  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Total cost
    375,130,700       194,466,766  
Accumulated depreciation
    (27,391,918 )     (20,742,768 )
 
   
 
     
 
 
Investment in hotel properties, net
  $ 347,738,782     $ 173,723,998  
 
   
 
     
 
 

On March 24, 2004, the Company acquired a hotel property in Lake Buena Vista, Florida, from JHM Ruby Lake Hotel, Ltd. for approximately $25.6 million in cash. Considering closing costs, this acquisition generated an increase in Investment in Hotel Properties of approximately $25.4 million with the remainder of the purchase price related to working capital.

On April 1, 2004, the Company acquired a hotel property in Atlantic Beach, Florida, from Huron Jacksonville Limited Partnership for approximately $23.1 million, which consisted of approximately $6.3 million in cash, approximately $15.7 million in assumed mortgage debt, and approximately $1.1 million worth of limited partnership units, which equates to 106,675 units based on the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of issuance. Considering closing costs, this acquisition generated an increase in Investment in Hotel Properties of approximately $23.3 million.

On May 17, 2004, the Company acquired a hotel property in Baltimore, Maryland, from The Buccini/Pollin Group for approximately $15.9 million, which included approximately $9.1 million in cash and approximately $6.8 million in assumed mortgage debt. Considering closing costs, this acquisition generated an increase in Investment in Hotel Properties of approximately $16.2 million.

On July 7, 2004, the Company acquired a hotel property and adjacent office building in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from Household OPEB I, Inc. for approximately $16.7 million in cash. Considering closing costs, this acquisition generated an increase in Investment in Hotel Properties of approximately $17.6 million.

On July 23, 2004, the Company acquired four hotel properties from Day Hospitality Group for approximately $25.9 million in cash plus a contingent component to be paid, if earned, no later than April 30, 2005. Considering closing costs, this acquisition generated an increase in Investment in Hotel Properties of approximately $25.6 million with the remainder of the purchase price related to working capital.

On September 2, 2004, the Company acquired nine hotel properties from Dunn Hospitality Group for approximately $62.0 million, which consisted of approximately $59.0 million in cash and approximately $3.0 million worth of limited partnership units, which equates to 333,333 units based on the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of issuance. Considering closing costs, this acquisition generated an increase in Investment in Hotel Properties of approximately $62.9 million.

11


Table of Contents

5. Notes Receivable

Notes receivable consists of the following as of September 30, 2004 and December 31, 2003:

                 
    September 30,   December 31,
    2004
  2003
$10 million mezzanine loan secured by one hotel property, matures August 2006, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 9% with a 2% LIBOR floor, with interest-only payments through August 2004 plus principal payments thereafter based on a twenty-five year amortization schedule
  $ 10,000,000     $ 10,000,000  
$15 million mezzanine loan secured by one hotel property, matures January 2006, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 9%, with interest-only payments through maturity
    15,000,000        
$17.8 million mezzanine loan secured by 15 hotel properties, matures July 2005, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 8.7% with a 2.5% LIBOR floor, with principal and interest payments due monthly based on a twenty-five year amortization schedule
    17,780,414        
$15 million mezzanine loan secured by one hotel property, matures April 2007, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 10.25% with a 1.75% LIBOR floor and 5% LIBOR cap, with interest-only payments through maturity
    15,000,000        
$6.8 million mezzanine loan secured by one hotel property, matures January 2006, at an interest rate of the greater of 15% or LIBOR plus 13% with a 2% LIBOR floor (LIBOR plus 10% with 2% LIBOR floor pay rate with deferred interest through maturity), with interest-only payments through maturity
    6,759,553        
$11 million mezzanine loan secured by one hotel property, matures September 2011, at an interest rate of 14% (12% pay rate with deferred interest through the first two years), with interest only payments through maturity
    11,012,833        
$10 million mortgage loan secured by one hotel property, matures October 2006, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 2.8%, with interest-only payments through maturity
    10,000,000        
$5 million mezzanine loan secured by one hotel property, matures October 2006, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 11.35%, with interest-only payments through maturity
    5,000,000        
 
   
 
     
 
 
Total
  $ 90,552,800     $ 10,000,000  
 
   
 
     
 
 

Since December 31, 2003, the $15 million, $17.8 million, $15 million, $6.8 million, $11 million, $10 million, and $5 million notes receivable, as described sequentially in the above table, were acquired or originated on January 23, 2004, March 4, 2004, March 19, 2004, March 24, 2004, September 10, 2004, September 30, 2004, and September 30, 2004, respectively. In general, the Company’s notes receivable have extension options, prohibit prepayment through a certain period, and require decreasing prepayment penalties through maturity.

On August 20, 2004, the Company received an approximate $7.2 million payment that was related to the portion of its $25.0 million mezzanine loan that was secured by two hotel properties. Hence, the $25.0 million mezzanine loan, originally secured by 17 hotel properties, became the aforementioned $17.8 million mezzanine loan, secured by 15 hotel properties.

As of September 30, 2004, all notes receivable balances were current, and no reserve for loan losses has been recorded.

12


Table of Contents

6. Indebtedness

Indebtedness consists of the following as of September 30, 2004 and December 31, 2003:

                 
    September 30,   December 31,
    2004
  2003
$210 million term loan secured by 25 hotel properties, matures September 29, 2006, at varying interest rates averaging LIBOR plus 1.95%, with interest-only payments due monthly, with three one-year extension options
  $ 210,000,000     $  
$60 million secured credit facility secured by one hotel property, matures August 17, 2007, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus a range of 2.0% to 2.3% depending on the loan-to-value ratio, with interest-only payments due monthly, with a commitment fee of 0.25% to 0.5% on the unused portion of the line payable quarterly, with two one-year extension options
    2,764,045        
$45.6 million secured credit facility secured by four mezzanine notes receivable totaling approximately $56 million, matures July 14, 2007, with no additional advances permitted in the final year, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 6.25% with a 2% LIBOR floor, with interest-only payments due monthly through maturity, a commitment fee of 0.5% on the unused portion of the line after 180 days payable monthly, and an option to extend the revolving period by one year
    32,861,962        
Mortgage note payable secured by one hotel property, matures December 31, 2006, at an interest rate of the greater of LIBOR plus 3.5% or 5.5%, with interest-only payments due monthly plus principal payments of $20,000 due monthly beginning January 1, 2005, with a 1% mandatory exit fee and a 0.5% one-year extension fee
          16,000,000  
Mortgage note payable secured by five hotel properties, matures December 31, 2007, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 3.25% with a 4.75% total floor, with interest-only payments due monthly plus principal payments of $57,000 due monthly beginning January 1, 2006, with a $180,000 mandatory exit fee and a 0.5% one-year extension fee
          27,800,000  
Mortgage note payable secured by one hotel property, matures January 1, 2006, at an interest rate of 7.08%, with principal and interest payments due monthly of approximately $46,000 and a 1% mandatory exit fee
    6,323,426       6,401,779  
Mortgage note payable secured by one hotel property, matures December 31, 2005, at an interest rate of 7.25%, with principal and interest payments due monthly of approximately $114,000
    15,557,979        
Mortgage note payable secured by one hotel property, matures April 1, 2011, at an interest rate of the average weekly yield for 30-day commercial paper plus 3.4%, with principal and interest payments due monthly, with the principal portion escalating from approximately $15,000 to approximately $53,000 by maturity
    11,959,756        
Mortgage note payable secured by two hotel properties, matures July 31, 2007, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 3.5% with a 5% total floor, with interest-only payments due monthly plus principal payments of $25,000 due monthly beginning August 1, 2006, with two one-year extension options
    6,955,000        
 
   
 
     
 
 
Total
  $ 286,422,168     $ 50,201,779  
 
   
 
     
 
 

13


Table of Contents

On September 2, 2004, the Company executed a $210.0 million term loan, as discussed in the above table, and used the proceeds to repay three mortgage notes payable totaling approximately $57.8 million, pay down its $60.0 million secured credit facility by approximately $57.2 million, and pay down another mortgage note payable by approximately $12.6 million. These reductions in debt are discussed more specifically below. Unamortized loan costs associated with the repaid mortgage notes were approximately $1.6 million, which were charged off.

The $16.0 million mortgage note payable outstanding at December 31, 2003, was repaid upon completion of the aforementioned $210.0 million term loan. The balance outstanding at the time the loan was repaid was $16.0 million.

The $27.8 million mortgage note payable outstanding at December 31, 2003, which relates to a $36 million non-recourse loan, was repaid upon completion of the aforementioned $210.0 million term loan. The balance outstanding at the time the loan was repaid was approximately $32.1 million.

On February 5, 2004, the Company completed the $60.0 million secured credit facility, of which approximately $49.8 million of the proceeds were funded March 24, 2004 and the remainder was funded May 17, 2004. The credit facility allows for an increase to $75.0 million subject to certain conditions. Upon completion of the aforementioned $210.0 million term loan, the credit facility was paid down by approximately $57.2 million. On August 17, 2004, the Company modified this credit facility such that the interest rate was reduced from LIBOR plus 3.25% to LIBOR plus a range of 2.0% to 2.3% depending on the loan-to-value ratio, and maturity was extended from February 5, 2007 to August 17, 2007, with two one-year extension options.

On April 1, 2004, in connection with the acquisition of a hotel property, the Company assumed a mortgage note payable of approximately $15.7 million, which matures December 31, 2005, as shown in the above table. As of September 30, 2004, this mortgage note payable had an outstanding balance of approximately $15.6 million.

On May 17, 2004, in connection with the acquisition of a hotel property, the Company assumed a mortgage note payable of approximately $6.8 million, which matures April 1, 2011, as shown in the above table. On August 12, 2004, the Company increased this commitment by approximately $5.2 million and reduced the overall interest rate from the average weekly yield for 30-day commercial paper plus 3.5% to the average weekly yield for 30-day commercial paper plus 3.4%. As of September 30, 2004, this mortgage note payable had an outstanding balance of approximately $11.96 million.

On July 7, 2004, the Company executed a $14.8 million mortgage note payable, secured by one hotel property, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 3.5%, with a 5% total floor. The mortgage note payable had a maturity date of July 31, 2007 with two one-year extension options, with interest-only payments due monthly plus principal payments of $20,000 due monthly beginning July 1, 2006. Upon completion of the aforementioned $210.0 million term loan, this mortgage note payable was repaid. The balance outstanding at the time the loan was repaid was approximately $9.7 million.

On July 14, 2004, the Company executed a $45.6 million credit facility, which matures July 14, 2007, as shown in the above table. Approximately $37.5 million of the proceeds were funded immediately. On August 26, 2004, the Company paid down approximately $4.6 million of this credit facility in connection with the partial payoff of one of the mezzanine notes receivable securing the facility.

On July 23, 2004, the Company executed a $19.6 million mortgage note payable, which matures July 31, 2007, as shown in the above table. Upon completion of the aforementioned $210.0 million term loan, this mortgage note payable was paid down approximately $12.6 million. As of September 30, 2004, this mortgage note payable had an outstanding balance of approximately $6.96 million.

On August 4, 2004, the Company announced a commitment for an $80.0 million revolving credit facility, which will be secured by certain loans within the Company’s mezzanine notes receivable portfolio, at an interest rate representing the greater of 7.5% or LIBOR plus 5.5%. The credit facility will mature in three years with two one-year extension options, will require interest-only payments due monthly plus principal amortization terms consistent with each mezzanine note receivable pledged, and an origination fee of 1%. Currently, the Company continues discussions with the lender regarding finalizing certain terms.

In addition, the Company’s $6.3 million, $15.6 million, and $11.96 million mortgage notes payable agreements generally require decreasing prepayment penalties through maturity.

7. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

On September 2, 2004, the Company was required by a lender to purchase a 6.0% LIBOR interest rate cap with a $210.0 million notional amount to limit its exposure to rising interest rates on $210.0 million of its floating-rate debt. To partially offset the cost of the purchased cap, the Company sold a 6.0% LIBOR interest rate cap with a $105.0 million notional amount with identical terms to the purchased cap. Both interest rate caps mature October 2, 2006. The Company has designated the net purchased option of $105.0 million as a cash flow hedge of its exposure to changes in interest rates on a corresponding amount of variable-rate debt.

On September 7, 2004, the Company entered into a $105.0 million stair-stepped interest rate swap agreement, at an average interest rate of 4.9% over the term of the swap, which matures March 1, 2007. The interest rate swap effectively converts the interest payments on $105.0 million of the Company’s floating-rate debt to a fixed rate and has been designated as a cash flow hedge.

As of September 30, 2004, no derivatives were designated as fair value hedges or hedges of net investments in foreign operations.

At September 30, 2004, derivatives with a fair value of approximately $173,000 were included in other assets, and derivatives with a fair value of approximately $208,000 were included in other liabilities. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, the change in net unrealized gains/losses of approximately $103,000 for derivatives designated as cash flow hedges is separately

14


Table of Contents

disclosed in the consolidated statement of owners’ equity. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, no hedge ineffectiveness was recognized.

Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the Company’s variable-rate debt. During the next twelve months, the Company estimates that a gain of approximately $60,000 will be reclassified from other comprehensive loss existing at September 30, 2004, to interest expense.

8. Employee Stock Grants

Upon consummation of the IPO and subsequent exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment, the Company issued 714,317 shares of restricted common stock to its executives, directors, and certain employees of the Company and its affiliates. Of the 714,317 shares issued, 689,317 vest over three years and 25,000 vested over six months. The value of the shares is charged to compensation expense on a straight-line basis based on the IPO price of $9 per share.

On March 15, 2004, the Company issued an additional 70,400 shares of restricted common stock to its executives and certain employees. These shares vest over three years, and the value of the shares is charged to compensation expense on a straight-line basis based on the closing price on the date of issuance of $10.41 per share.

On May 19, 2004, the Company issued 10,000 shares of common stock to its directors as compensation for serving on the Board through May 2005. These shares are immediately vested, and the value of these shares is charged to compensation expense over the year of service on a straight-line basis based on the closing price on the date of issuance of $8.90 per share.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, the Company recognized compensation expense of approximately $605,000 and $1.8 million, respectively, related to these shares.

9. Preferred Stock

On September 22, 2004, the Company issued 2,300,000 shares of 8.55% Series A Cumulative Preferred Stock (“Preferred Stock”) at $25 per share, which generated gross proceeds of approximately $57.5 million. However, the aggregate proceeds to the Company, net of underwriters’ discount and offering costs, was approximately $55.1 million.

The Preferred Stock has no maturity date, and the Company is not required to redeem the shares at any time. Prior to September 22, 2009, the Preferred Stock is not redeemable, except in certain limited circumstances relating to the ownership limitation necessary to preserve the Company’s qualification as a REIT. However, on and after September 22, 2009, the Preferred Stock will be redeemable at the Company’s option for cash, in whole or from time to time in part, at a redemption price of $25 per share plus accrued and unpaid dividends, if any, at the redemption date. In general, the holders of the Preferred Stock have no voting rights.

Preferred Stock dividends are cumulative from the date of original issuance and are payable quarterly, when and as declared, commencing on January 18, 2005 at the rate of 8.55% per annum of the $25 liquidation preference (equivalent to an annual dividend rate of $2.1375 per share). Dividends will be payable on the 15th day of January, April, July, and October of each year, or if such day is not a business day, the next succeeding business day. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, the Company did not accrue preferred stock dividends payable for the period between issuance on September 22, 2004 and September 30, 2004.

10. Minority Interest

Minority interest in the operating partnership represents the limited partners’ proportionate share of the equity in the operating partnership. Net income (loss) is allocated to minority interest based on the weighted average limited partnership percentage ownership throughout the period. Upon formation of the Company on August 29, 2003, and subsequent exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option on September 26, 2003, the Company issued 5,657,917 units of limited partnership interest to affiliates. On April 1, 2004, the Company issued an additional 106,675 units of limited partnership interest in connection with the acquisition of a hotel property. On September 2, 2004, the Company issued an additional 333,333 units of limited partnership interest in connection with the acquisition of nine hotel properties.

As of September 30, 2004, these units of limited partnership interest represent a 19.11% minority interest ownership. Beginning one year after issuance, each unit of limited partnership interest may be redeemed for either cash or one share of the Company’s common stock at the Company’s discretion.

11. Related Party Transactions

Under previous agreements with affiliates owned by the Company’s Chairman and the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Director, the Predecessor was obligated to pay such affiliates management fees of 3%-4.5% of gross revenues, as defined by the agreements, and to reimburse such affiliates for certain accounting and administrative expenses. Under related management agreements, the Predecessor was obligated to pay a fee equal to 8% of all invoiced third-party expenditures necessary for the replacement of furniture, fixtures, and equipment, and for building repairs.

Upon formation of the Company on August 29, 2003, the Company became obligated to pay such affiliates a) monthly management fees equal to the greater of $10,000 or 3% of gross revenues as well as an annual incentive management fee, if certain operational criteria are met, b) market service fees on the approved capital improvements, including project management fees of up to 4% of project costs, and c) other reimbursements as approved by the Company’s independent directors.

15


Table of Contents

Under these agreements, the Company or its Predecessor incurred the following amounts during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004 and 2003:

                                         
    The Company
  The Company
  The Predecessor
  The Company
  Company & Predecessor
    Three Months   Period From   Period From   Nine Months   Nine Months
    Ended   August 29, 2003 to   July 1, 2003 to   Ended   Ended
    September 30, 2004
  September 30, 2003
  August 28, 2003
  September 30, 2004
  September 30, 2003
Management fees (a)
  $ 908,472     $ 98,997     $ 182,678     $ 2,191,532     $ 817,405  
Market service and project management fees
    742,462       970       19,832       906,842       55,266  
Special Limited Partner fees (b)
                122,995             506,307  
Other reimbursements
    955,468       25,758       151,054       1,492,674       382,370  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Total
  $ 2,606,402     $ 125,725     $ 476,559     $ 4,591,048     $ 1,761,348  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 

(a) For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, the above table includes management fees of approximately $243,000 and $412,000, respectively, related to third party managers who are not related parties. As of September 30, 2004, these third parties manage 18 of the Company’s 32 hotels. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, the Company also accrued incentive fees to related parties of approximately $99,000 and $208,000, respectively, which are included in indirect hotel operating expenses.

(b) Upon formation of the Company on August 29, 2003 and related redemption of the Company’s interest in its Special Limited Partner, the Special Limited Partner fee ceased to exist.

The management agreement with an affiliate includes an exclusivity clause that requires the Company to engage the affiliate, unless the Company’s independent directors either (i) unanimously vote to hire a different manager or developer, or (ii) by a majority vote, elect not to engage the affiliate because special circumstances exist or, based on the affiliate’s prior performance, it is believed that another manager or developer could materially improve the performance of the duties.

In addition to the above, these affiliates also pay for certain corporate general and administrative expenses on behalf of the Company, including rent, payroll, office supplies, and travel. Such charges are allocated to the Company based on various methodologies, including headcount, office space, usage, and actual amounts incurred. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, such costs were approximately $142,000 and $535,000, respectively, which are reimbursed by the Company monthly.

In May 2004, the Company engaged a financial services firm to act as a financial advisor in obtaining permanent financing related to various hotel properties. A Company board member is an employee and principal of this firm, and the engagement of such firm was approved by the Company’s Board.

12. Commitments and Contingencies

Restricted Cash — Under existing mortgage loan agreements, the Company is obligated to escrow payments for insurance, real estate taxes, and debt service. In addition, for certain properties with debt, the Company is obligated to escrow 4% of gross revenue for capital improvements.

Franchise Fees — Under the existing franchise agreements, the Company is obligated to pay the franchisors royalty fees between 2.5% and 5% of gross room revenue, and fees for marketing, reservations, and other related activities aggregating between 1% and 3.75% of gross room revenue. Franchise fees are included in indirect operating expenses in the accompanying consolidated and combined statements of operations. These franchise agreements expire beginning in 2011 through 2024. When a franchise term expires, the franchisor has no obligation to issue a new franchise. The loss of a franchise could have a material adverse effect on the operations or the underlying value of the affected hotel because of the loss of associated name recognition, marketing support, and centralized reservation systems provided by the franchisor. The loss of a franchise could also have a material adverse effect on cash available for distribution to stockholders. In addition, if the Company terminates a franchise prior to its expiration date, the Company may be required to pay up to three times the average annual franchise fees incurred for that property.

Management Fees — Under the existing management agreements, the Company is obligated to pay a) monthly management fees equal to the greater of $10,000 or 3% of gross revenues, or in some cases just 3% of gross revenues, as well as an annual incentive management fee, if applicable, b) market service fees on the approved capital improvements, including project management fees of up to 4% of project costs, for certain hotels, and c) other general fees at current market rates as approved by the Company’s independent directors. These management agreements expire beginning in 2006 through 2013, with renewal options on those related to affiliates of up to twenty-five additional years. In addition, if the Company terminates a management agreement on one of the initial properties prior to its expiration due to sale of the property, the Company may be required to pay all estimated management fees due under the management agreement’s remaining term. This termination fee may be avoided in certain circumstances by substitution of a similar property. If the Company terminates a management agreement on one of the hotels acquired after the Company’s formation, or on one of the initial properties for reasons other than sale of the property, the Company may be required to pay estimated management fees ranging from one to six years from the termination date or substitute a new management agreement related to a different hotel.

Common Stock Dividends — On March 15, 2004, the Company declared a cash dividend of approximately $1.9 million, or $0.06 per fully-diluted common share, for common shareholders and units of limited partnership of record on March 31, 2004, which was paid April 15, 2004. On June 16, 2004, the Company declared a cash dividend of approximately $3.2 million, or $0.10 per fully-diluted common share, for common shareholders and units of limited partnership of record on June 30, 2004, which was paid July 15, 2004. On September 13, 2004, the Company declared a cash dividend of approximately $4.5 million, or $0.14 per fully-diluted common share, for common shareholders and units of limited partnership of record on September 30, 2004, which was paid October 15, 2004.

16


Table of Contents

Preferred Stock Dividends – Such dividends are cumulative from the date of original issuance and are payable quarterly, when and as declared, commencing on January 18, 2005 at the rate of 8.55% per annum of the $25 liquidation preference (equivalent to an annual dividend rate of $2.1375 per share). These dividends will be payable quarterly on the 15th day of January, April, July, and October of each year, or if such day is not a business day, the next succeeding business day.

Acquisition Contingency — On July 23, 2004, the Company acquired four hotel properties from Day Hospitality Group for approximately $25.9 million in cash plus a contingent component based on the 2004 performance of the four acquired hotels to be paid, if earned, no later than April 30, 2005. As of September 30, 2004, the Company had not accrued such contingent payment as the likelihood of such contingency is not determinable.

Insurance Losses — During August and September of 2004, four hurricanes caused significant damage throughout Florida and neighboring states. As a result, the Company’s four properties in that region experienced varying levels of property damage and business interruption. On July 20, 2004, the Company’s Radisson Hotel in Covington, Kentucky, experienced a fire on one of its hotel floors. As a result, this hotel was subsequently closed for approximately three days due to lack of electrical power. Although the Company’s insurance covers both property damage and business-interruption losses, the Company is liable for uninsured losses below its deductibles. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, the Company accrued approximately $660,000 related to property damage associated with these events, and estimates that it lost an additional $340,000 related to business interruption. However, the Company is still evaluating the property damage incurred with respect to the related insurance policies. At this point, the Company feels the amount accrued for property damage is conservative and may exceed total losses for which it is ultimately liable.

Litigation — The Company is currently subject to litigation arising in the normal course of its business. In the opinion of management, none of these lawsuits or claims against the Company, either individually or in the aggregate, is likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations, or financial condition. In addition, the Company has adequate insurance in place to cover such litigation.

13. Supplemental Cash Flow Information

During the nine months ended September 30, 2004 and 2003, interest paid was approximately $5.2 million and $4.3 million, respectively.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2004, the Company recorded the following non-cash transactions: a) on September 13, 2004, the Company declared a cash dividend of approximately $4.5 million, or $0.14 per fully-diluted common share, for common shareholders and units of limited partnership of record on September 30, 2004, which was paid October 15, 2004, b) on March 15, 2004, the Company issued 70,400 shares of restricted common stock to its executives and certain employees, c) on April 1, 2004, the Company assumed approximately $15.7 million in mortgage debt related to the acquisition of a hotel property, d) on April 1, 2004, the Company issued 106,675 units of limited partnership interest related to the acquisition of a hotel property, e) on May 17, 2004, the Company assumed approximately $6.8 million in mortgage debt related to the acquisition of a hotel property, f) on May 19, 2004, the Company issued 10,000 shares of common stock to its directors, and g) on September 2, 2004, the Company issued 333,333 units of limited partnership interest related to the acquisition of nine hotel properties.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2003, in connection with the Company’s formation on August 29, 2003 and subsequent exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment, the Company recorded the following non-cash transactions: a) contribution of initial properties with an historical net book value of approximately $82.6 million, b) an approximate $8.1 million minority interest partial step-up to the historical net carrying values of certain of its hotel properties resulting from the acquisition of unaffiliated minority interest partners, c) an approximate $3.3 million forgiveness of debt, d) an approximate $16.0 million assumption of debt from the Predecessor, e) an approximate $170,000 write-off of deferred loan costs associated with the repaid mortgage loans, and f) the issuance of 714,317 shares of restricted stock to Company executives, employees, affiliates, and directors.

14. Segments Reporting

The Company presently operates in two business segments within the hotel lodging industry: direct hotel investments and hotel financing. Direct hotel investments refers to owning hotels through either acquisition or new development. Hotel financing refers to owning subordinate hotel-related mortgages through acquisition or origination.

The Company does not allocate corporate-level accounts to its operating segments, including corporate general and administrative expenses, non-operating interest income, interest expense, provision for income taxes, and minority interest. For the three months ended September 30, 2004, financial information related to the Company’s reportable segments was as follows:

17


Table of Contents

                                 
    Direct Hotel   Hotel        
    Investments
  Financing
  Corporate
  Consolidated
Total revenues
  $ 29,261,016     $ 2,075,406     $     $ 31,336,422  
 
                               
Operating expenses
    21,595,663                   21,595,663  
Depreciation and amortization
    2,768,427                   2,768,427  
Corporate general and administrative
                3,093,648       3,093,648  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Operating income (loss)
    4,896,926       2,075,406       (3,093,648 )     3,878,684  
 
                               
Interest income
                115,850       115,850  
Interest expense
                (2,986,713 )     (2,986,713 )
Amortization of loan costs
                (569,730 )     (569,730 )
Write-off of loan costs
                (1,633,369 )     (1,633,369 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Income (loss) before minority interest and provision for income taxes
    4,896,926       2,075,406       (8,167,610 )     (1,195,278 )
 
                               
Provision for income taxes
                (530,476 )     (530,476 )
Minority interest
                335,227       335,227  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Net income (loss)
  $ 4,896,926     $ 2,075,406     $ (8,362,859 )   $ (1,390,527 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2004, financial information related to the Company’s reportable segments was as follows:

                                 
    Direct Hotel   Hotel        
    Investments
  Financing
  Corporate
  Consolidated
Total revenues
  $ 71,535,274     $ 4,946,547     $     $ 76,481,821  
 
                               
Operating expenses
    51,640,190                   51,640,190  
Depreciation and amortization
    6,727,667                   6,727,667  
Corporate general and administrative
                8,701,264       8,701,264  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Operating income (loss)
    13,167,417       4,946,547       (8,701,264 )     9,412,700  
 
                               
Interest income
                247,087       247,087  
Interest expense
                (5,397,125 )     (5,397,125 )
Amortization of loan costs
                (919,041 )     (919,041 )
Write-off of loan costs
                (1,633,369 )     (1,633,369 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Income (loss) before minority interest and provision for income taxes
    13,167,417       4,946,547       (16,403,712 )     1,710,252  
 
                               
Provision for income taxes
                (687,176 )     (687,176 )
Minority interest
                (165,037 )     (165,037 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Net income (loss)
  $ 13,167,417     $ 4,946,547     $ (17,255,925 )   $ 858,039  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 

As of September 30, 2004, aside from the Company’s $90.6 million portfolio of mezzanine and first-mortgage notes receivable, all assets of the Company primarily relate to the direct hotel investments segment. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, the Company and its Predecessor only operated within the direct hotel investments segment.

15. Business Combinations

On March 24, 2004, the Company acquired a hotel property in Lake Buena Vista, Florida, from JHM Ruby Lake Hotel, Ltd. for approximately $25.6 million in cash. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the results of the acquired hotel since the date of acquisition. The purchase price was the result of an arms’ length negotiation, and the Company did not assign any value to goodwill or other intangible assets. However, the purchase price allocation is preliminary subject to further internal review and third-party appraisals. Annualized revenue of the acquired hotel is approximately $5.8 million. The Company used proceeds from borrowings to fund this acquisition.

On April 1, 2004, the Company acquired a hotel property in Atlantic Beach, Florida, from Huron Jacksonville Limited Partnership for approximately $23.1 million, which consisted of approximately $6.3 million in cash, approximately $15.7 million in assumed mortgage debt, and approximately $1.1 million worth of limited partnership units, which equates to 106,675 units based on the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of issuance. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the

18


Table of Contents

results of the acquired hotel since the date of acquisition. The purchase price was the result of an arms’ length negotiation, and the Company did not assign any value to goodwill or other intangible assets. However, the purchase price allocation is preliminary subject to further internal review and third-party appraisals. Annualized revenue of the acquired hotel is approximately $9.1 million. The Company used proceeds from borrowings to fund this acquisition.

On May 17, 2004, the Company acquired a hotel property in Baltimore, Maryland, from The Buccini/Pollin Group for approximately $15.9 million, which consisted of approximately $9.1 million in cash and approximately $6.8 million in assumed mortgage debt. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the results of the acquired hotel since the date of acquisition. The purchase price was the result of an arms’ length negotiation, and the Company did not assign any value to goodwill or other intangible assets. However, the purchase price allocation is preliminary subject to further internal review and third-party appraisals. Annualized revenue of the acquired hotel is approximately $3.9 million. The Company used proceeds from borrowings to fund this acquisition.

On July 7, 2004, the Company acquired a hotel property and adjacent office building in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from Household OPEB I, Inc. for approximately $16.7 million in cash, with an additional $5.7 million planned for future capital improvements. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the results of the acquired property since the date of acquisition. The purchase price was the result of an arms’ length negotiation, and the Company did not assign any value to goodwill or other intangible assets. However, the purchase price allocation is preliminary subject to further internal review and third-party appraisals. Annualized revenue of the acquired hotel is approximately $9.0 million, while the adjacent office building has one tenant with nominal operations. In addition, the Company intends to sell the adjacent office building. The Company used proceeds from borrowings to fund this acquisition.

On July 23, 2004, the Company acquired four hotel properties from Day Hospitality Group for approximately $25.9 million in cash plus contingent consideration to be paid, if earned, no later than April 30, 2005. In addition, the Company anticipates capital improvements related to such properties of approximately $600,000. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the results of the acquired hotels since the date of acquisition. The purchase price was the result of an arms’ length negotiation, and the Company did not assign any value to goodwill or other intangible assets. However, the purchase price allocation is preliminary subject to further internal review and third-party appraisals. Annualized revenues of these four hotel properties are approximately $7.8 million. The Company utilized cash from borrowings to fund the acquisition of these properties.

On September 2, 2004, the Company acquired nine hotel properties from Dunn Hospitality Group for approximately $62.0 million, which consisted of approximately $59.0 million in cash and approximately $3.0 million worth of limited partnership units, which equates to 333,333 units based on the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of issuance. In addition, the Company plans an additional $6.5 million for future capital improvements. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the results of the acquired hotels since the date of acquisition. The purchase price was the result of an arms’ length negotiation, and the Company did not assign any value to goodwill or other intangible assets. However, the purchase price allocation is preliminary subject to further internal review and third-party appraisals. Annualized revenues of these nine hotel properties are approximately $20.1 million. The Company utilized cash from borrowings to fund the acquisition of these properties.

The following unaudited pro forma statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004 are based on the historical consolidated financial statements of the Company adjusted to give effect to the completion of the aforementioned acquisitions, as if such transactions occurred at the beginning of the periods presented.

19


Table of Contents

                 
    Three Months   Nine Months
    Ended   Ended
    September 30, 2004
  September 30, 2004
Total revenues
  $ 36,090,856     $ 104,936,525  
 
               
Operating expenses
    31,781,492       91,588,445  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Operating income
    4,309,364       13,348,080  
 
               
Interest income
    115,850       247,087  
Interest expense and amortization of loan costs
    (5,948,341 )     (16,899,478 )
Write-off of loan costs
    (1,633,369 )     (1,633,369 )
 
   
 
     
 
 
Loss before minority interest and provision for income taxes
    (3,156,496 )     (4,937,680 )
 
               
Provision for income taxes
    (669,740 )     (687,176 )
Minority interest
    731,194       1,074,910  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Net loss
  $ (3,095,042 )   $ (4,549,946 )
 
   
 
     
 
 
Net loss per share:
               
Basic
  $ (0.12 )   $ (0.18 )
 
   
 
     
 
 
Fully diluted
  $ (0.12 )   $ (0.18 )
 
   
 
     
 
 
Weighted average shares outstanding:
               
Basic
    25,130,651       25,066,981  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Fully diluted
    31,228,576       31,164,906  
 
   
 
     
 
 

16. Subsequent Events

On October 1, 2004, the Company acquired the Hyatt Orange County hotel in Anaheim, California, for approximately $81.0 million in cash, inclusive of the seller’s commitment to fund a $6.0 million renovation, which will be completed November 2004. The purchase price was the result of an arms’ length negotiation. Annualized revenue of the acquired hotel is approximately $27.8 million. The Company used cash from borrowings as the source of funds for the acquisition of this property.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere herein. This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. (the “Company” or “we” or “our”) cautions investors that any forward-looking statements presented herein, or which management may make orally or in writing from time to time, are based on management’s beliefs and assumptions at that time. Throughout this report, words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “estimate,” “project,” “should,” “will,” “result,” and other similar expressions, which do not relate solely to historical matters, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions and are not guarantees of future performance, which may be affected by known and unknown risks, trends, uncertainties, and factors beyond our control. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, estimated, or projected. We caution investors that while forward-looking statements reflect our good-faith beliefs at the time such statements are made, said statements are not guarantees of future performance and are impacted by actual events that occur after such statements are made. We expressly disclaim any responsibility to update forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise. Accordingly, investors should use caution in relying on past forward-looking statements, which were based on results and trends at the time those statements were made, to anticipate future results or trends.

Some of the risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements include, among others, those discussed in our Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 29, 2004. These risks and uncertainties continue to be relevant to our performance and financial condition. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment where new risk factors emerge from time to time. It is not possible for management to predict all such risk factors, nor can it assess the impact of all such risk factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results.

20


Table of Contents

Executive Overview

We are a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) that commenced operations upon completion of our initial public offering (“IPO”) and related formation transactions on August 29, 2003. As of September 30, 2004, we owned 32 hotels, $90.6 million of mezzanine and first-mortgage loans receivable, and eight asset management and consulting contracts. Six of these hotels were contributed upon our formation, nine of these hotels were acquired in the fourth quarter of 2003, and 17 of these hotels were acquired at various times throughout 2004. All of the loans receivable were originated or acquired since November 26, 2003. The 26 hotel properties acquired since our formation contributed approximately $19.5 million and $3.2 million to our total revenue and net income, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2004, and approximately $42.0 million and $7.5 million to our total revenue and net income, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2004.

Based on our primary business objectives and forecasted operating conditions, our key priorities or financial strategies include, among other things:

  acquiring hotels in unique locations where further large-scale development is limited for prospective competitors, including hotels located in urban and resort/convention locations,
 
  acquiring hotels with a favorable current yield with an opportunity for appreciation,
 
  implementing selective capital improvements designed to increase profitability and directing our managers to minimize operating costs and increase revenues,
 
  originating or acquiring mezzanine loans, and
 
  other investments that our Board deems appropriate.

We believe the lodging industry was negatively affected in 2003 by low levels of business travel resulting from a weak economy (predominantly in the first half of the year), the war in Iraq, continued changes in terrorist threat levels, and travel reductions and restrictions related to severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS. Economic growth in the United States economy in the second half of 2003 and the first nine months of 2004 helped improve lodging demand.

Our industry outlook for the fourth quarter of 2004 and throughout 2005 is cautiously optimistic. Historically, we have seen that lodging demand in the United States correlates to U.S. Gross Domestic Product (“GDP”) growth, with typically a two-quarter lag period. Therefore, given the relatively strong U.S. GDP growth experienced in late 2003 and through the first nine months of 2004, and the forecasts for the remainder of 2004 and through 2005, we are optimistic about improvement in lodging demand throughout the next several months. In addition, based on these GDP forecasts, as well as the anticipated strengthening of corporate profits and capital investment, we expect an increase in business-related travel and improvement in the volume of group bookings.

Results of Operations

During August and September of 2004, four hurricanes caused significant damage throughout Florida and neighboring states. As a result, our four properties in that region experienced varying levels of property damage and business interruption. On July 20, 2004, our Radisson Hotel in Covington, Kentucky, experienced a fire on one of its hotel floors. As a result, this hotel was subsequently closed for approximately three days due to lack of electrical power. Although our insurance covers both property damage and business-interruption losses, we are liable for uninsured losses below our deductibles. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, we accrued approximately $660,000 related to property damage associated with these events, and estimate that we lost an additional $340,000 related to business interruption. However, we are still evaluating the property damage incurred with respect to the related insurance policies. At this point, we feel the amount accrued for property damage is conservative and may exceed total losses for which we are ultimately liable.

RevPAR is a commonly used measure within the hotel industry to evaluate hotel operations. RevPAR is defined as the product of the average daily room rate (“ADR”) charged and the average daily occupancy achieved. RevPAR does not include revenues from food and beverage or parking, telephone, or other guest services generated by the property. Although RevPAR does not include these ancillary revenues, it is generally considered the leading indicator of core revenues for many hotels. We also use RevPAR to compare the results of our hotels between periods and to analyze results of our comparable hotels. Increases in RevPAR attributable to increases in occupancy are generally accompanied by increases in most categories of variable operating costs. Increases in RevPAR attributable to increases in ADR are accompanied by increases in limited categories of operating costs, such as management fees and franchise fees.

The following table illustrates the key performance indicators for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004 and 2003 for our initial properties (“comparable hotels”), which represent the six hotels we’ve owned throughout the comparative periods presented (unaudited):

21


Table of Contents

                                 
    Three Months Ended   Nine Months Ended
    September 30,
  September 30,
    2004
  2003
  2004
  2003
Comparable (six hotels)
                               
Room revenues
  $ 7,950,622     $ 7,862,918     $ 23,565,909     $ 22,453,205  
RevPar
  $ 78.99     $ 78.12     $ 78.62     $ 75.18  
Occupancy
    72.70 %     76.51 %     70.72 %     72.17 %
ADR
  $ 108.65     $ 102.10     $ 111.17     $ 104.17  
Embassy Suites (four hotels)
                               
Room revenues
  $ 5,583,738     $ 5,316,852     $ 17,784,580     $ 16,382,241  
RevPar
  $ 90.59     $ 86.26     $ 96.88     $ 89.56  
Occupancy
    75.11 %     77.01 %     77.74 %     76.88 %
ADR
  $ 120.61     $ 112.01     $ 124.62     $ 116.49  
Radisson Hotels (two hotels)
                               
Room revenues
  $ 2,366,884     $ 2,546,066     $ 5,781,329     $ 6,070,964  
RevPar
  $ 60.68     $ 65.27     $ 49.76     $ 52.45  
Occupancy
    68.90 %     75.73 %     59.63 %     64.73 %
ADR
  $ 88.07     $ 86.19     $ 83.45     $ 81.03  

The consolidated and combined financial information presented herein include all of the accounts of the Company beginning with its commencement of operations on August 29, 2003. Prior to that time, this report includes the combined financial information of certain affiliates of Remington Hotel Corporation (the “Predecessor”).

The following table reflects key line items from our consolidated and combined statements of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2004 and 2003 (unaudited):

                         
    The Company
  Company & Predecessor
   
    Three Months   Three Months   Favorable (Unfavorable)
    Ended   Ended   Change
    September 30, 2004
  September 30, 2003
  2003 to 2004
Total revenue
  $ 31,336,422     $ 9,550,555     $ 21,785,867  
 
                       
Total hotel expenses
    19,278,093       6,643,381       (12,634,712 )
 
                       
Property taxes, insurance, and other
    2,317,570       624,323       (1,693,247 )
Depreciation and amortization
    2,768,427       1,051,497       (1,716,930 )
Corporate general and administrative
    3,093,648       945,291       (2,148,357 )
 
                       
Operating income
    3,878,684       286,063       3,592,621  
 
                       
Interest income
    115,850       106,438       9,412  
Interest expense
    (2,986,713 )     (1,547,415 )     (1,439,298 )
Amortization of loan costs
    (569,730 )     (104,914 )     (464,816 )
Write-off of loan costs
    (1,633,369 )           (1,633,369 )
Provision for income taxes
    (530,476 )           (530,476 )
Minority interest
    335,227       65,583       269,644  
 
                       
Net loss
  $ (1,390,527 )   $ (1,194,245 )   $ (196,282 )

22


Table of Contents

The following table reflects key line items from our consolidated and combined statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 and 2003 (unaudited):

                         
    The Company
  Company & Predecessor
   
    Nine Months   Nine Months   Favorable (Unfavorable)
    Ended   Ended   Change
    September 30, 2004
  September 30, 2003
  2003 to 2004
Total revenue
  $ 76,481,821     $ 27,408,956     $ 49,072,865  
 
                       
Total hotel expenses
    46,712,162       19,482,569       (27,229,593 )
 
                       
Property taxes, insurance, and other
    4,928,028       1,848,982       (3,079,046 )
Depreciation and amortization
    6,727,667       3,243,829       (3,483,838 )
Corporate general and administrative
    8,701,264       945,291       (7,755,973 )
 
                       
Operating income
    9,412,700       1,888,285       7,524,415  
 
                       
Interest income
    247,087       123,287       123,800  
Interest expense
    (5,397,125 )     (4,298,622 )     (1,098,503 )
Amortization of loan costs
    (919,041 )     (369,573 )     (549,468 )
Write-off of loan costs
    (1,633,369 )           (1,633,369 )
Provision for income taxes
    (687,176 )           (687,176 )
Minority interest
    (165,037 )     65,583       (230,620 )
 
                       
Net income (loss)
  $ 858,039     $ (2,591,040 )   $ 3,449,079  

Comparison of the Three Months Ended September 30, 2004 and September 30, 2003

Revenue. Total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2004 increased approximately $21.8 million or 228.1% from total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2003, primarily due to approximately $19.5 million in revenues attributable to the acquisitions of five hotel properties on October 8, 2003, four hotel properties on November 25, 2003, and 17 hotel properties at various times throughout 2004, as well as approximately $2.1 million of interest income earned on the Company’s $90.6 million mezzanine and first-mortgage loans receivable portfolio, all of which was acquired or originated since November 26, 2003. In addition, revenues for comparable hotels increased due to increases in room revenues.

Room revenues at comparable hotels for the three months ended September 30, 2004 increased approximately $88,000 or 1.1% compared to the same quarter of 2003, primarily due to an increase in RevPar from $78.12 to $78.99, which consisted of a 6.4% increase in ADR offset by a 5.0% decrease in occupancy. Due to the continued recovery in the economy and consistent with industry trends, several hotels experienced increases in ADR. In particular, the Las Vegas and Dulles markets recovered significantly, and the two Embassy Suites at these locations performed accordingly. However, occupancy decreased significantly at the Holtsville Radisson due to substantial group sales related to certain customers during the third quarter of 2003 that did not recur in 2004 and new area competition. In addition, occupancy decreased slightly at certain other hotels, which is consistent with market conditions prevalent in those areas.

Food and beverage revenues at comparable hotels for the three months ended September 30, 2004 decreased approximately $69,000 or 5.3% compared to the third quarter of 2003. Food and beverage revenues decreased at certain hotels due to decreases in occupancy, while the Covington Radisson also closed a restaurant and lost a banquet due to a fire.

Other revenues at comparable hotels for the three months ended September 30, 2004 were virtually flat compared to the third quarter of 2003.

Interest income from notes receivable increased to approximately $2.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004, compared to zero for the third quarter of 2003 due to the mezzanine and first-mortgage loans receivable portfolio of approximately $90.6 million, all of which was acquired or originated since November 2003.

Asset management fees increased to approximately $341,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2004 compared to approximately $111,000 for the third quarter of 2003 due to the eight asset management and consulting contracts acquired from an affiliate upon formation of the Company on August 29, 2003.

Hotel Operating Expenses. Hotel operating expenses, which consist of room expense, food and beverage expense, other direct expenses, indirect expenses, and management fees, increased approximately $12.6 million or 190.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the third quarter of 2003, primarily due to approximately $12.4 million of expenses associated with the 26 hotel properties acquired since the third quarter of 2003. In addition, hotel operating expenses at comparable hotels experienced an increase of approximately $148,000 or 2.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the third quarter of 2003, primarily due to increases in rooms and indirect expenses, offset by a slight decrease in food and beverage expense.

Rooms expense at comparable hotels increased approximately $97,000 or 5.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the third quarter of 2003 primarily due to increased occupancy at certain hotels and virtually flat costs at hotels experiencing comparable or decreased occupancy due to the fixed nature of maintaining staff. Food and beverage expense at comparable hotels for the three months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the third quarter of 2003 decreased slightly, which is

23


Table of Contents

consistent with the decrease in food and beverage revenues and the overall decrease in occupancy. Indirect expenses at comparable hotels increased approximately $97,000 or 2.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the third quarter of 2003. Indirect expenses increased as a result of:

  increased sales and marketing expenses due to increased headcount and marketing budget at certain hotels,
 
  increased franchise fees due to increased room revenues at certain hotels, and
 
  increased energy costs due to increased utility rates.
 
    These increases were partially offset by:
 
  decreased general and administrative expenses due to open positions in 2004, and
 
  decreased repairs and maintenance due to substantial improvements made by the Predecessor at certain hotels during the third quarter of 2003.

Property Taxes, Insurance, and Other. Property taxes, insurance, and other increased approximately $1.7 million or 271.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the third quarter of 2003, due to approximately $1.8 million of expenses associated with the 26 hotel properties acquired since the third quarter of 2003, which includes approximately $635,000 of uninsured losses related to hurricane damage experienced at certain of these hotels. Aside from costs incurred at the additional hotels acquired, property taxes, insurance, and other incurred in the third quarter of 2004 decreased when compared to the third quarter of 2003, primarily due to decreased insurance rates.

Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization increased approximately $1.7 million or 163.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the third quarter of 2003, due to approximately $2.0 million of depreciation associated with the 26 hotel properties acquired since the third quarter of 2003. Aside from the additional hotels acquired, depreciation and amortization decreased in the third quarter of 2004 compared to the third quarter of 2003 as a result of certain assets becoming fully depreciated.

Corporate General and Administrative. Corporate general and administrative expense increased to approximately $3.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004 compared to approximately $945,000 for the third quarter of 2003 as a result of expenses associated with becoming a publicly-traded company on August 29, 2003, including salaries, payroll taxes, benefits, insurance, stock-based compensation related to employee stock grants, audit fees, and directors fees. For the quarter ended September 30, 2004, the total includes approximately $605,000 of non-cash expenses associated with the amortization of employee stock grants, approximately $210,000 of offering costs associated with a public offering that was subsequently postponed, and approximately $325,000 of nonrecurring implementation costs associated with Sarbanes-Oxley internal controls documentation requirements. For the quarter ended September 30, 2003, the total includes approximately $228,000 of non-cash expenses associated with the amortization of employee stock grants.

Operating Income. Operating income increased approximately $3.6 million from approximately $286,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2003 to approximately $3.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004 as a result of the aforementioned operating results.

Interest Income. Interest income increased approximately $9,000 from approximately $106,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2003 to approximately $116,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2004, primarily due to interest earned on funds received from borrowings in the third quarter of 2004 in excess of interest earned on IPO funds held between August 29, 2003 and September 30, 2003.

Interest Expense and Amortization of Loan Costs. Interest expense and amortization of loan costs increased approximately $1.9 million from approximately $1.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003 to approximately $3.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004. The increase in interest expense and amortization of loan costs is associated with the higher average debt balance over the course of the two comparative periods.

Write-off of Loan Costs. On September 2, 2004, the Company executed a $210.0 million term loan, and used the proceeds to repay three mortgage notes payable totaling approximately $57.8 million, pay down its $60.0 million secured credit facility by approximately $57.2 million, and pay down another mortgage note payable by approximately $12.6 million. Unamortized loan costs associated with the repaid mortgage notes was approximately $1.6 million, which was charged off.

Provision for Income Taxes. As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to federal corporate income tax on that portion of its net income that does not relate to taxable REIT subsidiaries. However, the Company leases each of its hotel properties to Ashford TRS, which is treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary for federal income tax purposes. For the three months ended September 30, 2004, the Company recognized a provision for income taxes related to Ashford TRS of approximately $530,000.

Minority Interest. Minority interest was a reduction to net loss of approximately $335,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2004 compared to a reduction to net loss of approximately $66,000 for the third quarter of 2003. Upon formation of the Company on August 29, 2003, minority interest in the operating partnership was established to represent the limited partners’ proportionate share of the equity in the operating partnership. Net income (loss) is allocated to minority interest based on the weighted-average limited partnership percentage ownership throughout the period.

Net Loss. Net loss was approximately $1.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004 and approximately $1.2 for the three months ended September 30, 2003, which represents a net loss increase of approximately $200,000 as a result of the aforementioned operating results.

24


Table of Contents

Comparison of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2004 and September 30, 2003

Revenue. Total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 increased approximately $49.1 million or 179.0% from total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2003, primarily due to approximately $42.0 million in revenues attributable to the acquisitions of five hotel properties on October 8, 2003, four hotel properties on November 25, 2003, and 17 hotel properties at various times throughout 2004, as well as approximately $4.9 million of interest income earned on the Company’s $90.6 million mezzanine and first-mortgage loans receivable portfolio, all of which was acquired or originated since November 26, 2003. In addition, revenues for comparable hotels increased due to increases in both room revenues and food and beverage revenues.

Room revenues at comparable hotels for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 increased approximately $1.1 million or 5.0% compared to the same period of 2003 due to an increase in RevPAR from $75.18 to $78.62, which consisted of a 6.7% increase in ADR and a 2.0% decrease in occupancy. Due to the continued recovery in the economy and consistent with industry trends, several hotels experienced increases in ADR. In particular, the Las Vegas and Dulles markets recovered significantly, and the two Embassy Suites at these locations performed accordingly. However, occupancy decreased significantly at the Holtsville Radisson due to substantial group sales related to certain customers during the first nine months of 2003 that did not recur in 2004 and new area competition, which generated the overall slight decline in occupancy at comparable hotels.

Food and beverage revenues at comparable hotels for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 increased approximately $98,000 or 2.4% compared to the same period of 2003. Although occupancy declined slightly overall, food and beverage revenues increased as certain hotels experienced an increase in banquets or group sales which generated higher food and beverage revenues.

Other revenues at comparable hotels for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 were virtually flat compared to the comparable period of 2003.

Interest income from notes receivable increased to approximately $4.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, compared to zero for the first nine months of 2003 due to the mezzanine and first-mortgage loans receivable portfolio of approximately $90.6 million, all of which was acquired or originated since November 2003.

Asset management fees increased to approximately $1.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to approximately $111,000 for the first nine months of 2003 due to the eight asset management and consulting contracts acquired from an affiliate upon formation of the Company on August 29, 2003.

Hotel Operating Expenses. Hotel operating expenses, which consist of room expense, food and beverage expense, other direct expenses, indirect expenses, and management fees, increased approximately $27.2 million or 139.8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the first nine months of 2003, primarily due to approximately $27.0 million of expenses associated with the 26 hotel properties acquired since the third quarter of 2003. In addition, hotel operating expenses at comparable hotels experienced an increase of approximately $274,000 or 1.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the same period of 2003, primarily due to an increase in rooms expense, partially offset by decreases in food and beverage expense and indirect expenses.

Rooms expense at comparable hotels increased approximately $288,000 or 5.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the first nine months of 2003 primarily due to increased occupancy at certain hotels and virtually flat costs at hotels experiencing comparable or decreased occupancy due to the fixed nature of maintaining staff. Food and beverage expense at comparable hotels for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the respective 2003 period decreased slightly, which is consistent with the overall decrease in occupancy. Indirect expenses at comparable hotels decreased approximately $13,000 or 0.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the comparable period of 2003. Indirect expenses decreased as a result of:

  decreased general and administrative expenses due to open positions in 2004, and
 
  decreased repairs and maintenance due to substantial improvements made by the Predecessor at certain hotels during 2003.
 
    These decreases were partially offset by:
 
  increased sales and marketing expenses due to increased headcount and marketing budget at certain hotels,
 
  increased franchise fees due to increased room revenues at certain hotels, and
 
  increased energy costs due to increased utility rates.

Property Taxes, Insurance, and Other. Property taxes, insurance, and other increased approximately $3.1 million or 166.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the first nine months of 2003, due to approximately $3.3 million of expenses associated with the 26 hotel properties acquired since the third quarter of 2003, which includes approximately $635,000 of uninsured losses related to hurricane damage experienced at certain of these hotels. Aside from costs incurred at the additional hotels acquired, property taxes, insurance, and other incurred in the first nine months of 2004 decreased when compared to the same period of 2003, primarily due to decreased insurance rates.

Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization increased approximately $3.5 million or 107.4% for the nine months ended June 30, 2004 compared to the same period of 2003, due to approximately $4.3 million of depreciation associated with the 26 hotel properties acquired since the third quarter of 2003. Aside from the additional hotels acquired, depreciation and amortization decreased for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to the first nine months of 2003 as a result of certain assets becoming fully depreciated.

25


Table of Contents

Corporate General and Administrative. Corporate general and administrative expense increased to approximately $8.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to approximately $945,000 for the first nine months of 2003 as a result of expenses associated with becoming a publicly-traded company on August 29, 2003, including salaries, payroll taxes, benefits, insurance, stock-based compensation related to employee stock grants, audit fees, and directors fees. For the nine months ended September 30, 2004, the total includes approximately $1.8 million of non-cash expenses associated with the amortization of employee stock grants, approximately $210,000 of offering costs associated with a public offering that was subsequently postponed, and approximately $383,000 of nonrecurring implementation costs associated with Sarbanes-Oxley internal controls documentation requirements. For the nine months ended September 30, 2003, the total includes approximately $228,000 of non-cash expenses associated with the amortization of employee stock grants.

Operating Income. Operating income increased approximately $7.5 million from approximately $1.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 to approximately $9.4 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2004 as a result of the aforementioned operating results.

Interest Income. Interest income increased approximately $124,000 from approximately $123,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 to approximately $247,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, primarily due to interest earned on funds remaining from the Company’s IPO and funds received from subsequent borrowings during the first nine months of 2004 in excess of interest earned on IPO funds held between August 29, 2003 and September 30, 2003.

Interest Expense and Amortization of Loan Costs. Interest expense and amortization of loan costs increased approximately $1.6 million from approximately $4.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 to approximately $6.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. The increase in interest expense and amortization of loan costs is associated with the higher average debt balance over the course of the two comparative periods.

Write-off of Loan Costs. On September 2, 2004, the Company executed a $210.0 million term loan, and used the proceeds to repay three mortgage notes payable totaling approximately $57.8 million, pay down its $60.0 million secured credit facility by approximately $57.2 million, and pay down another mortgage note payable by approximately $12.6 million. Unamortized loan costs associated with the repaid mortgage notes was approximately $1.6 million, which was charged off.

Provision for Income Taxes. As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to federal corporate income tax on that portion of its net income that does not relate to taxable REIT subsidiaries. However, the Company leases each of its hotel properties to Ashford TRS, which is treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary for federal income tax purposes. For the nine months ended September 30, 2004, the Company recognized a provision for income taxes related to Ashford TRS of approximately $687,000.

Minority Interest. Minority interest was a reduction to net income (loss) of approximately $165,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 compared to an increase to net income (loss) of approximately $66,000 for the comparative 2003 period. Upon formation of the Company on August 29, 2003, minority interest in the operating partnership was established to represent the limited partners’ proportionate share of the equity in the operating partnership. Net income (loss) is allocated to minority interest based on the weighted-average limited partnership percentage ownership throughout the period.

Net Income (Loss). Net income (loss) was approximately $858,000 of net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 and approximately $2.6 million of net loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2003, which represents a net income increase of approximately $3.5 million as a result of the aforementioned operating results.

Funds From Operations

The White Paper on Funds From Operations (“FFO”) approved by the Board of Governors of the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”) in April 2002 defines FFO as net income (loss) computed in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), excluding gains (or losses) from sales of properties and extraordinary items as defined by GAAP, plus depreciation and amortization of real estate assets, and net of adjustments for the portion of these items related to unconsolidated entities and joint ventures. NAREIT developed FFO as a relative measure of performance of an equity REIT to recognize that income-producing real estate historically has not depreciated on the basis determined by GAAP.

We compute FFO in accordance with our interpretation of standards established by NAREIT, which may not be comparable to FFO reported by other REITs that do not define the term in accordance with the current NAREIT definition or that interpret the NAREIT definition differently than us. FFO does not represent cash generated from operating activities as determined by GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to a) GAAP net income (loss) as an indication of our financial performance or b) GAAP cash flows from operating activities as a measure of our liquidity, nor is it indicative of funds available to fund our cash needs, including our ability to make cash distributions. We believe that to facilitate a clear understanding of our historical operating results, FFO should be considered along with our net income (loss) and cash flows reported in the consolidated financial statements.

26


Table of Contents

The following table reconciles net loss to FFO for the Company for the three months ended September 30, 2004 and the period from August 29, 2003 to September 30, 2003, and for the Predecessor for the period from July 1, 2003 to August 28, 2003 (unaudited):

                         
    The Company
  The Company
  The Predecessor
    Three Months   Period From   Period From
    Ended   August 29, 2003 to   July 1, 2003 to
    September 30, 2004
  September 30, 2003
  August 28, 2003
Net loss
  $ (1,390,527 )   $ (298,158 )   $ (896,087 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
Plus real estate depreciation and amortization
    2,751,286       328,052       723,445  
Remove minority interest
    (335,227 )     65,583        
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
Gross FFO
  $ 1,025,532     $ 95,477     $ (172,642 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 

The following table reconciles net income (loss) to FFO for the Company for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 and the period from August 29, 2003 to September 30, 2003, and for the Predecessor for the period from January 1, 2003 to August 28, 2003 (unaudited):

                         
    The Company
  The Company
  The Predecessor
    Nine Months   Period From   Period From
    Ended   August 29, 2003 to   January 1, 2003 to
    September 30, 2004
  September 30, 2003
  August 28, 2003
Net income (loss)
  $ 858,039     $ (298,158 )   $ (2,292,882 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
Plus real estate depreciation and amortization
    6,691,446       328,052       2,915,777  
Remove minority interest
    165,037       65,583        
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
Gross FFO
  $ 7,714,522     $ 95,477     $ 622,895  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 

For both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, FFO has not been adjusted to add back the non-recurring write-off of loan costs of approximately $1.6 million, which is included in net income (loss).

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal source of funds to meet our cash requirements, including distributions to stockholders, will be our share of the operating partnership’s cash flow. The operating partnership’s principal sources of revenue include: (i) cash flow from hotel operations, (ii) interest income from our mezzanine and first-mortgage loans receivable portfolio, and (iii) management fees related to our eight asset management and consulting contracts with an affiliate.

Cash flow from hotel operations is subject to all operating risks common to the hotel industry, including:

  Competition for guests from other hotels;
 
  Adverse effects of general and local economic conditions;
 
  Dependence on demand from business and leisure travelers, which may fluctuate and be seasonal;
 
  Increases in energy costs, airline fares, and other expenses related to travel, which may deter traveling;
 
  Increases in operating costs related to inflation and other factors, including wages, benefits, insurance, and energy;
 
  Overbuilding in the hotel industry, especially in particular markets; and
 
  Actual or threatened acts of terrorism and actions taken against terrorists, which often cause public concern about travel safety.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2004, we completed the following significant transactions, which impacted or will impact our cash flow and liquidity:

On January 23, 2004, we acquired a $15.0 million subordinated first-mortgage loan receivable related to a hotel property in Denver, Colorado. The loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 9%, matures in January 2006, and provides for three one-year extension options subject to certain conditions. In accordance with the loan agreement, we will receive interest-only payments through maturity, with principal and interest paid through the extension periods based on a twenty-five-year amortization schedule. Prepayments of the loan are prohibited through November 30, 2004, require decreasing prepayment premiums through August 31, 2005, and require no prepayment premiums thereafter. We used proceeds from our IPO as well as proceeds from borrowings to fund this acquisition.

27


Table of Contents

On February 5, 2004, we executed a $60.0 million secured credit facility, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 3.25%, of which approximately $49.8 million of the proceeds were funded March 24, 2004 and the remainder was funded May 17, 2004. The credit facility matures in three years, is collateralized by eight hotel properties, is subject to certain financial covenants, requires a commitment fee of 0.45% to 0.55% on the unused portion of the line, which is payable quarterly, and allows for an increase to $75.0 million subject to certain conditions of the lender. On August 17, 2004, we modified the terms of this credit facility, as discussed below.

On March 4, 2004, we acquired a $25.0 million mezzanine loan receivable secured by 17 hotel properties. The mezzanine loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 8.7% with a 2.5% LIBOR floor, matures in July 2005, and provides for three one-year extension options subject to certain conditions. In accordance with the loan agreement, we will receive principal and interest payments through the extension periods based on a twenty-five-year amortization schedule. Prepayments of the loan are prohibited through maturity subject to certain provisions. We used proceeds from our IPO as well as proceeds from borrowings to fund this acquisition. On August 20, 2004, we received an approximate $7.2 million payment related to the portion of this mezzanine loan that was secured by two hotel properties. As a result, the $25.0 million mezzanine loan, originally secured by 17 hotel properties, became a $17.8 million mezzanine loan, secured by 15 hotel properties.

On March 15, 2004, we declared a cash dividend of approximately $1.9 million, or $0.06 per fully-diluted share, for common shareholders and units of limited partnership of record on March 31, 2004, which was paid April 15, 2004.

On March 19, 2004, we originated a $15.0 million mezzanine loan receivable related to a hotel property in Boston, Massachusetts. The mezzanine loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 10.25% with a 1.75% LIBOR floor and a 5% LIBOR cap, matures in March 2007, and provides for two one-year extension options subject to certain conditions. In accordance with the loan agreement, we will receive interest-only payments through maturity. Prepayments of the loan are prohibited through September 1, 2005. We used proceeds from our IPO as well as proceeds from borrowings to fund this acquisition.

On March 24, 2004, we acquired a $6.6 million mezzanine loan receivable related to a hotel property in Brooklyn Park, Minnesota. The mezzanine loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 10% with a 2% LIBOR floor and a 5% LIBOR cap and matures in January 2006. In accordance with the loan agreement, we will receive interest-only payments through maturity. In addition, if certain operating conditions are met, we will receive an additional interest payment upon maturity based on an accrual rate of the greater of 15% or LIBOR plus 13% with a 2% LIBOR floor. We used proceeds from borrowings to fund this acquisition.

On March 24, 2004, we acquired a hotel property in Lake Buena Vista, Florida, from JHM Ruby Lake Hotel, Ltd. for approximately $25.6 million in cash. Annualized revenue of the acquired hotel is approximately $5.8 million. We used proceeds from borrowings to fund this acquisition.

On April 1, 2004, we acquired a hotel property in Atlantic Beach, Florida, from Huron Jacksonville Limited Partnership for approximately $23.1 million, which consisted of approximately $6.3 million in cash, approximately $15.7 million in assumed mortgage debt, and approximately $1.1 million worth of limited partnership units, which equates to 106,675 units based on the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of issuance. Annualized revenue of the acquired hotel is approximately $9.1 million. We used proceeds from borrowings to fund this acquisition.

On May 17, 2004, we acquired a hotel property in Baltimore, Maryland, from The Buccini/Pollin Group for approximately $15.9 million, which included approximately $9.1 million in cash and approximately $6.8 million in assumed mortgage debt, which matures April 1, 2011. On August 12, 2004, we increased this debt commitment by approximately $5.2 million and reduced the overall interest rate from the average weekly yield for 30-day commercial paper plus 3.5% to the average weekly yield for 30-day commercial paper plus 3.4%. Annualized revenue of the acquired hotel is approximately $3.9 million. We used proceeds from borrowings to fund this acquisition.

On June 16, 2004, we declared a cash dividend of approximately $3.2 million, or $0.10 per fully-diluted share, for common shareholders and units of limited partnership of record on June 30, 2004, which was paid July 15, 2004.

On July 7, 2004, we acquired a hotel property and adjacent office building in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from Household OPEB I, Inc. for approximately $16.7 million in cash, with an additional $5.7 million planned for future capital improvements. Annualized revenue of the acquired hotel is approximately $9.0 million, while the adjacent office building has one tenant with nominal operations. We used proceeds from borrowings to fund this acquisition.

On July 7, 2004, we executed a $14.8 million mortgage note payable, secured by one hotel property, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 3.5%, with a 5% total floor. The mortgage note payable had a maturity date of July 31, 2007 with two one-year extension options, with interest-only payments due monthly plus principal payments of $20,000 due monthly beginning July 1, 2006. Upon completion of the $210.0 million term loan on September 2, 2004, as discussed below, this mortgage note payable was repaid. The balance outstanding at the time the loan was repaid was approximately $9.7 million.

On July 14, 2004, we executed a $45.6 million credit facility, with an interest rate of LIBOR plus 6.25% with a 2% LIBOR floor, which matures July 14, 2007. Approximately $37.5 million of the proceeds were funded immediately. On August 26, 2004, we paid down approximately $4.6 million of this credit facility in connection with the partial payoff of one of the mezzanine notes receivable securing the facility.

On July 23, 2004, we acquired four hotel properties from Day Hospitality Group for approximately $25.9 million in cash plus contingent consideration to be paid, if earned, no later than April 30, 2005. In addition, we anticipate capital improvements related to

28


Table of Contents

such properties of approximately $600,000. Annualized revenues of these four hotel properties are approximately $7.8 million. We used proceeds from borrowings to fund the acquisition of these properties.

On July 23, 2004, we executed a $19.6 million mortgage note payable, with an interest rate of LIBOR plus 3.5% with a 5% total floor, which matures July 31, 2007. Upon completion of the $210.0 million term loan on September 2, 2004, as discussed below, this mortgage note payable was paid down by approximately $12.6 million.

On August 17, 2004, we modified our $60.0 million credit facility such that the interest rate was reduced from LIBOR plus 3.25% to LIBOR plus a range of 2.0% to 2.3% depending on the loan-to-value ratio, and maturity was extended from February 5, 2007 to August 17, 2007, with two one-year extension options.

On September 2, 2004, we executed a $210.0 million term loan, at varying interest rates averaging LIBOR plus 1.95%, with interest-only payments due monthly. We used the proceeds to repay three mortgage notes payable totaling approximately $57.8 million (with interest rates ranging from LIBOR plus 3.25% to LIBOR plus 3.5%), pay down our $60.0 million secured credit facility (interest rate of LIBOR plus 3.25%) by approximately $57.2 million, and pay down another mortgage note payable by approximately $12.6 million (interest rate of LIBOR plus 3.5%).

On September 2, 2004, we acquired nine hotel properties from Dunn Hospitality Group for approximately $62.0 million, which consisted of approximately $59.0 million in cash and approximately $3.0 million worth of limited partnership units, which equates to 333,333 units based on the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of issuance. In addition, we plan an additional $6.5 million for future capital improvements. Annualized revenues of these nine hotel properties are approximately $20.1 million. We used proceeds from borrowings to fund the acquisition of these properties.

On September 10, 2004, we acquired an $11.0 million mezzanine loan receivable related to a hotel property in Westminster, Colorado. The mezzanine loan bears interest at 14% (12% through the first two years) and matures in September 2011. In accordance with the loan agreement, we will receive interest-only payments through maturity. We used proceeds from borrowings to fund this acquisition.

On September 13, 2004, we declared a cash dividend of approximately $4.5 million, or $0.14 per fully-diluted common share, for common shareholders and units of limited partnership of record on September 30, 2004, which was paid October 15, 2004.

On September 22, 2004, we issued 2,300,000 shares of 8.55% Series A Cumulative Preferred Stock (“Preferred Stock”) at $25 per share, which generated gross proceeds of approximately $57.5 million. However, our aggregate proceeds, net of underwriters’ discount and offering costs, was approximately $55.1 million. Dividends on the Preferred Stock are cumulative from the date of original issuance and are payable quarterly, when and as declared, commencing on January 18, 2005 at the rate of 8.55% per annum of the $25 liquidation preference (equivalent to an annual dividend rate of $2.1375 per share). Dividends will be payable on the 15th day of January, April, July, and October of each year, or if such day is not a business day, the next succeeding business day.

On September 30, 2004, we originated a $10.0 million first-mortgage loan receivable related to a hotel property in Denver, Colorado, which bears interest at LIBOR plus 2.8%. Also on September 30, 2004, we originated a $5.0 million mezzanine loan receivable related to the same hotel property in Denver, Colorado, which bears interest at LIBOR plus 11.35%. Both loans mature October 2006. In accordance with the loan agreements, we will receive interest-only payments through maturity. We used proceeds from borrowings to fund these originations.

Net Cash Flow (Used In) Provided By Operating Activities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2004, net cash flow used in operating activities decreased approximately $10.0 million from cash flow provided of approximately $2.7 million for the first nine months of 2003 to cash flow used of approximately $7.3 million for the first nine months of 2004. The decrease in net cash flow provided by operating activities was primarily attributable to the increase in restricted cash, primarily related to escrow requirements associated with the aforementioned $210.0 million term loan executed on September 2, 2004, as well as the timing of operational payments, offset somewhat by an increase in net income experienced in 2004, which resulted from improved operations at the six comparable hotels as well as the 26 hotels acquired since October 2003.

Net Cash Flow Used In Investing Activities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2004, net cash flow used in investing activities was approximately $236.1 million, which consisted of approximately $87.6 million of acquisitions or originations of mezzanine and first-mortgage loans receivable, approximately $146.0 million related to the acquisitions of 17 hotel properties, and approximately $9.7 million of improvements to various hotel properties, which is consistent with capital improvements anticipated for such properties upon acquisition, offset by approximately $7.2 million of payments on notes receivable. For the nine months ended September 30, 2003, there was approximately $477,000 of investing activities related to improvements to various hotel properties.

Net Cash Flow Provided By Financing Activities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2004, net cash flow provided by financing activities was approximately $259.6 million, the majority of which relates to approximately $346.3 million of borrowings on indebtedness, including the $210.0 million term loan executed on September 2, 2004, and $55.1 million of proceeds received related to the preferred stock offering on September 22, 2004, offset by repayments of three mortgage notes payable totaling approximately $57.8 million, pay down of the $60.0 million secured credit facility by approximately $57.2 million, pay down of another mortgage note payable by approximately $12.6 million, pay down of the $45.6 million credit facility by approximately $4.6 million, and payments of deferred financing costs of approximately $9.2 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2003, net cash provided by financing activities of approximately $129.7 million primarily relates to net cash received associated with our IPO and related formation transactions on August 29, 2003. Gross proceeds from the IPO and subsequent sale of over-allotment shares to our underwriters was approximately $216.9 million, and proceeds received related to the sale of shares to our Chief Executive Officer and our Chairman was approximately $4.2 million. These proceeds were offset by cash paid upon our formation of approximately $10.1 million, payments of indebtedness of approximately $62.9 million, and offering costs of approximately $17.4 million. Prior to the IPO, net cash distributions to the Predecessor’s owners in 2003 were approximately $1.1 million.

29


Table of Contents

In general, we are focused exclusively on investing in the hospitality industry across all segments, including direct hotel investments, first mortgages, mezzanine loans, and sale-leaseback transactions. We intend to acquire and, in the appropriate market conditions, develop additional hotels and provide structured financings to owners of lodging properties. We may incur indebtedness to fund any such acquisitions, developments, or financings. We may also incur indebtedness to meet distribution requirements imposed on REITs under the Internal Revenue Code to the extent that working capital and cash flow from our investments are insufficient to make the required distributions.

However, no assurances can be given that we will obtain additional financings or, if we do, what the amount and terms will be. Our failure to obtain future financing under favorable terms could adversely impact our ability to execute on our business strategy. In addition, we may selectively pursue mortgage financing on individual properties and our mortgage investments. Our current policy is to limit consolidated indebtedness to no more than 60% of our aggregate investment in hotels and debt instruments. However, our Board of Directors may change the financing policy at any time without the approval of our stockholders.

We will acquire or develop additional hotels and invest in structured financings only as suitable opportunities arise, and we will not undertake such investments unless adequate sources of financing are available. Funds for future hotel-related investments are expected to be derived, in whole or in part, from future borrowings under a credit facility or other borrowings or from the proceeds of additional issuances of common stock or other securities. However, other than the aforementioned acquisitions, we have no formal commitment or understanding to invest in additional assets, and there can be no assurance that we will successfully make additional investments.

Our existing hotels are located in developed areas that contain competing hotel properties. The future occupancy, ADR, and RevPAR of any individual hotel could be materially and adversely affected by an increase in the number or quality of the competitive hotel properties in its market area. Competition could also affect the quality and quantity of future investment opportunities.

Subsequent Events

On October 1, 2004, the Company acquired the Hyatt Orange County hotel in Anaheim, California, for approximately $81.0 million in cash, inclusive of the seller’s commitment to fund a $6.0 million renovation, which will be completed November 2004. Annualized revenues of the acquired hotel are approximately $27.8 million. The Company used cash from borrowings as the source of funds for the acquisition of this property.

Inflation

We rely entirely on the performance of our properties and the ability of the properties’ managers to increase revenues to keep pace with inflation. Hotel operators can generally increase room rates rather quickly, but competitive pressures may limit their ability to raise rates faster than inflation. Our general and administrative costs, such as real estate and personal property taxes, property and casualty insurance, and utilities, are subject to inflation as well.

Seasonality

Our properties’ operations historically have been seasonal as certain properties maintain higher occupancy rates during the summer months. This seasonality pattern can be expected to cause fluctuations in our quarterly lease revenue under our percentage leases. We anticipate that our cash flow from the operation of the properties will be sufficient to enable us to make quarterly distributions to maintain our REIT status. To the extent that cash flow from operations is insufficient during any quarter due to temporary or seasonal fluctuations in lease revenue, we expect to utilize other cash on hand or borrowings to make required distributions. However, we cannot make any assurances that we will make such distributions in the future.

Critical Accounting Policies

The critical accounting policies which we believe are the most significant to fully understand and evaluate our reported financial results are described below:

Investment in Hotel Properties – The initial six hotel properties are stated at the Predecessor’s historical cost, net of any impairment charges, plus an approximate $8.1 million minority interest partial step-up recorded upon our formation on August 29, 2003, related to the acquisition of minority interest from unaffiliated parties related to four of the initial properties. Hotel properties acquired subsequent to our formation are stated at cost. Improvements and additions which extend the life of the property are capitalized.

Impairment of Investment in Hotel Properties — Hotel properties are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of the hotel properties may not be recoverable (i.e., the future undiscounted cash flows for the hotel are projected to be less than the net book value of the hotel). We test for impairment in several situations, including when current or projected cash flows are less than historical cash flows, when it becomes more likely than not that a hotel will be sold before the end of its previously estimated useful life, and when events or changes in circumstances indicate that a hotel’s net book value may not be recoverable. In the evaluation of the impairment of our hotels, we make many assumptions and estimates, including projected cash flows, holding period, expected useful life, future capital expenditures, and fair values, including consideration of capitalization rates, discount rates, and comparable selling prices. To date, no such impairment charges have been recognized. If an asset were deemed to be impaired, we would record an impairment charge for the amount that the property’s net book value exceeds its fair value.

30


Table of Contents

Depreciation and Amortization Expense — Depreciation expense is based on the estimated useful life of our assets, while amortization expense for leasehold improvements is the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the related assets. The lives of the assets are based on a number of assumptions, including cost and timing of capital expenditures to maintain and refurbish the assets, as well as specific market and economic conditions. Presently, hotel properties are depreciated using the straight-line method over lives which range from 15 to 39 years for buildings and improvements and 3 to 5 years for furniture, fixtures, and equipment. While we believe our estimates are reasonable, a change in the estimated lives could affect depreciation expense and net income (loss) or the gain or loss on the potential sale of any of our hotels.

FIN No. 46 — In January 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” as revised (“FIN No. 46”). FIN No. 46 requires existing variable interest entities, as defined, to be consolidated by their primary beneficiaries if the variable interest entities do not effectively disperse risks among parties involved. FIN No. 46 was effective immediately for variable interest entities created after January 31, 2003, and to variable interest entities in which an enterprise obtains an interest after that date. FIN No. 46 applies to financial statements for periods ending after March 15, 2004, related to variable interest entities in which an enterprise holds a variable interest that it acquired before February 1, 2003.

Since November 2003, the Company has acquired or originated a $90.6 million portfolio of mezzanine and first-mortgage loans receivable, each of which are secured by various hotel properties or partnership interests in hotel properties and are subordinate to primary loans related to the secured hotels. All of these loans receivable are considered to be variable interests in the entities that own the related hotels, which are variable interest entities. However, the Company is not considered to be the primary beneficiary of these hotel properties as a result of holding these loans. Therefore, the Company will not consolidate the hotels for which it has provided financing. Hence, the adoption of FIN No. 46 did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. Interests in entities acquired or created in the future will be evaluated based on FIN No. 46 criteria and such entities will be consolidated, if required.

ITEM 3: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Our primary market risk exposure consists of changes in interest rates on borrowings under our debt instruments that bear interest at variable rates that fluctuate with market interest rates. The analysis below presents the sensitivity of the market value of our financial instruments to selected changes in market interest rates.

As of September 30, 2004, our $286.4 million debt portfolio consisted of approximately $264.5 million of outstanding variable-rate debt and approximately $21.9 million of outstanding of fixed-rate debt, with interest rates ranging from 7.08% to 7.25%. As discussed below, $105.0 million of the variable-rate debt was converted to fixed-rate debt via an interest rate swap.

On September 2, 2004, we purchased a 6.0% LIBOR interest rate cap with a $210.0 million notional amount to limit our exposure to rising interest rates on $210.0 million of our floating-rate debt. To partially offset the cost of the purchased cap, we sold a 6.0% LIBOR interest rate cap with a $105.0 million notional amount with identical terms to the purchased cap. Hence, we own a net interest rate cap with a $105.0 million notional amount. Both the purchased and sold interest rate caps mature October 2, 2006.

On September 7, 2004, we entered into a $105.0 million stair-stepped interest rate swap agreement, at an average interest rate of 4.9% over the term of the swap, which matures March 1, 2007. The interest rate swap effectively converts the interest payments on $105.0 million of our floating-rate debt to a fixed rate.

Our objective in using derivatives is to add stability to interest expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements or other identified risks. To accomplish this objective, we primarily use interest rate swaps and caps as part of our cash flow hedging strategy. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts in exchange for fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying principal amount. Purchased interest rate caps provide us with interest rate protection above the strike rate on the cap and result in us receiving interest payments when rates are above the cap strike.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2004, the impact to our results of operations of a one-point change in interest rate on the outstanding balance of variable-rate debt as of September 30, 2004, net of the $105.0 million notional amount protected by an interest rate swap as of that date, would be approximately $1.2 million.

As of September 30, 2004, we owned approximately $90.6 million of variable-rate loans receivable. For the nine months ended September 30, 2004, the impact to our results of operations of a one-point change in interest rate on the outstanding balance of variable-rate loans receivable as of September 30, 2004, would be approximately $680,000. We had no other outstanding loans receivable as of September 30, 2004.

The above amounts were determined based on the impact of hypothetical interest rates on our borrowing cost, and assume no changes in our capital structure. As the information presented above includes only those exposures that exist as of September 30, 2004, it does not consider those exposures or positions which could arise after that date. Hence, the information represented herein has limited predictive value. As a result, the ultimate realized gain or loss with respect to interest rate fluctuations will depend on the exposures that arise during the period, the hedging strategies at the time, and the related interest rates.

ITEM 4: CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report have been designed and are functioning effectively to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed

31


Table of Contents

by us in reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. We believe that a controls system, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the controls system are met, and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected. Management is required to apply judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

There have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

PART II: OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1: LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are currently subject to litigation arising in the normal course of its business. In the opinion of management, none of these lawsuits or claims against us, either individually or in the aggregate, is likely to have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, or financial condition. In addition, we currently have adequate insurance in place to cover such litigation.

ITEM 2: UNREGISTERED SALES OP EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

ITEM 3: DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4: SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

None.

ITEM 5: OTHER INFORMATION

None.

32


Table of Contents

ITEM 6: EXHIBITS

     
Exhibit    
Number
  Description of Exhibit
*10.15.1
  First Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated August 17, 2004, among the Registrant, Calyon New York Branch, and Merrill Lynch Capital
 
   
*10.16
  Loan and Security Agreement, dated July 13, 2004, among the Registrant and CapitalSource Finance LLC
 
   
*10.17
  Loan Agreement, dated September 2, 2004, among the Registrant, Merrill Lynch Mortgage Lending, Inc., and Merrill Lynch Capital
 
   
*10.17.1
  Mezzanine Loan Agreement, dated September 2, 2004, among the Registrant and Merrill Lynch Capital
 
   
*10.17.2
  Broker Agreement, dated May 10, 2004, among the Registrant and Secured Capital Corp
 
   
*10.18
  Agreement of Purchase and Sale, dated May 19, 2004, among the Registrant, Dunn Hospitality Group, and entities related to Dunn Hospitality Group
 
   
*10.18.1
  First Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale, dated July 1, 2004, among the Registrant, Dunn Hospitality Group, and entities related to Dunn Hospitality Group
 
   
*10.18.2
  Second Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale, dated July 23, 2004, among the Registrant, Dunn Hospitality Group, and entities related to Dunn Hospitality Group
 
   
*10.18.3
  Third Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale, dated August 4, 2004, among the Registrant, Dunn Hospitality Group, and entities related to Dunn Hospitality Group
 
   
*10.18.4
  Fourth Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale, dated September 2, 2004, among the Registrant, Dunn Hospitality Group, and entities related to Dunn Hospitality Group
 
   
*10.19
  International Swap Dealers Association, Inc. Master Agreement, dated September 2, 2004, among the Registrant and Calyon New York Branch
 
   
*10.19.1
  International Swap Dealers Association, Inc. Master Agreement, dated September 2, 2004, among the Registrant and SMBC Derivative Products Limited
 
   
*10.19.2
  International Swap Dealers Association, Inc. Master Agreement, dated September 2, 2004, among the Registrant and SMBC Derivative Products Limited
 
   
*31.1
  Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
 
   
*31.2
  Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
 
   
*31.3
  Certification of the Chief Accounting Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
 
   
*32.1
  Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (In accordance with Sec Release 33-8212, this exhibit is being furnished, and is not being filed as part of this report or as a separate disclosure document, and is not being incorporated by reference into any Securities Act of 1933 registration statement.)
 
   
*32.2
  Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (In accordance with Sec Release 33-8212, this exhibit is being furnished, and is not being filed as part of this report or as a separate disclosure document, and is not being incorporated by reference into any Securities Act of 1933 registration statement.)
 
   
*32.3
  Certification of the Chief Accounting Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (In accordance with Sec Release 33-8212, this exhibit is being furnished, and is not being filed as part of this report or as a separate disclosure document, and is not being incorporated by reference into any Securities Act of 1933 registration statement.)


*   filed herewith

33


Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
         
     
Dated: November 12, 2004  By:   /s/ MONTGOMERY J. BENNETT    
    Montgomery J. Bennett   
    Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer) 
 
 
         
     
Dated: November 12, 2004  By:   /s/ DAVID J. KIMICHIK    
    David J. Kimichik   
    Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer) 
 
 
         
     
Dated: November 12, 2004  By:   /s/ MARK L. NUNNELEY    
    Mark L. Nunneley   
    Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer) 
 

34

EX-10.15.1 2 d20035exv10w15w1.txt FIRST AMENDMENT TO CREDIT AGREEMENT EXHIBIT 10.15.01 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FIRST AMENDMENT TO CREDIT AGREEMENT dated as of August 17, 2004 among ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, as Borrower, ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC., ASHFORD OP GENERAL PARTNER LLC, ASHFORD OP LIMITED PARTNER LLC, ASHFORD TRS CORPORATION, and THE BORROWING BASE SUBSIDIARIES PARTY HERETO, as Guarantors, THE LENDERS PARTY HERETO, CALYON NEW YORK BRANCH (as successor in interest to Credit Lyonnais New York Branch), as Administrative Agent and Sole Lead Arranger and Book Manager, and MERRILL LYNCH CAPITAL, a division of Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services, Inc., as Syndication Agent - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FIRST AMENDMENT TO CREDIT AGREEMENT dated as of August 17, 2004 (this "Amendment"), among ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, a Delaware limited partnership (the "Borrower") having an office at 14185 Dallas Parkway, Suite 1100, Dallas, Texas 75254, the Guarantors as of the date hereof, the Lenders as of the date hereof, CALYON NEW YORK BRANCH (as successor in interest to Credit Lyonnais New York Branch), as administrative agent for the Lenders (in its capacity as administrative agent for the Lenders, together with any permitted successor administrative agent, the "Administrative Agent") and sole lead arranger and book manager, and MERRILL LYNCH CAPITAL, a division of Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services, Inc., as syndication agent (in such capacity, the "Syndication Agent"). WHEREAS, Borrower, Guarantors, Administrative Agent, Syndication Agent and Lenders are parties to that certain Credit Agreement dated as of February 5, 2004, as supplemented by that certain Joinder Agreement and Ratification dated as of March 24, 2004 and that certain Joinder Agreement and Ratification dated as of May 17, 2004 (as so supplemented, the "Existing Credit Agreement") (all capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meaning set forth in the Existing Credit Agreement); and WHEREAS, Borrower, Guarantors, Administrative Agent, Syndication Agent and Lenders desire to amend the Existing Credit Agreement as set forth herein. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual conditions and agreements set forth in this Amendment, and for good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows: ARTICLE I AMENDMENT TO THE EXISTING CREDIT AGREEMENT SECTION 1.01. Additional Definitions. The following definitions are hereby added to the Existing Credit Agreement: (a) "First Extension Period" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.21(a) hereof. (b) "Initial Maturity Date" means August 17, 2007. (c) "Loan-to-NOI Ratio" means, as of any date, the ratio of (a) the aggregate Revolving Credit Exposure as of such date to (b) Borrowing Base Net Operating Income for the twelve (12) consecutive fiscal month period with respect to which financial statements, computations and certificates were most recently delivered to the Administrative Agent pursuant to Sections 5.01(c) and (e)(i) hereof (provided that if any such documents are not delivered to the Administrative Agent within the time required pursuant to said Sections, the Administrative Agent may, in its discretion, determine the 1 Loan-to-NOI Ratio based on its estimate of Borrowing Base Net Operating Income for such period). (d) "Second Extension Period" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.21(a) hereof. SECTION 1.02. Amendments. The Existing Credit Agreement is hereby amended as follows: (a) The definition of "Acquisition Costs" is hereby amended by deleting the text "Newly-Acquired Borrowing Base Property" wherever it appears therein and replacing it with the text "Borrowing Base Property". (b) The definition of "Applicable Margin" is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: "Applicable Margin" means with respect to Loans maintained as (a) Base Rate Loans, one and one-quarter percent (1.25%) per annum and (b) LIBOR Loans, (i) two and three-tenths percent (2.30%) if the Loan-to-NOI Ratio is greater than 7.0:1.0, (ii) two and fifteen one-hundredths percent (2.15%) if the Loan-to-NOI Ratio is greater than or equal to 6.0:1.0 but less than or equal to 7.0:1.0, and (iii) two percent (2.00%) if the Loan-to-NOI Ratio is less than 6.0:1.0, in each of the foregoing cases, as confirmed by, and effective as of the date of, the notice by the Administrative Agent to the Borrower of any adjustment delivered pursuant to Section 5.01(e) hereof (or, if any financial statements, computations or certificates required pursuant to Section 5.01(c) or (e)(i) hereof are not delivered to the Administrative Agent within the time required pursuant to said Sections, as of any date that the Administrative Agent notifies the Borrower in writing (which notice may be by facsimile transmission to the Borrower only) of such adjustment)." (c) The definition of "Borrowing Base" is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: "`Borrowing Base' means, as of any date of determination, an amount equal to the sum of the lesser of (a) the Implied Loan Amount and (b) the lesser of (i) sixty-five percent (65%) of the aggregate Appraised Values of all Borrowing Base Properties and (ii) sixty-five percent (65%) of the aggregate Acquisition Costs of all Borrowing Base Properties; provided, however that, with respect to any Borrowing Base Property, if the Administrative Agent has obtained an Appraisal pursuant to Section 5.14 hereof independently or at the request of the Borrower (which request may be made only one (1) time as to any Borrowing Base Property) after such Borrowing Base Property has been admitted to the Borrowing Base hereunder, then the amount of such Borrowing Base Property's contribution to the Borrowing Base shall be determined for purposes of clauses (i) and (ii) above solely with respect to such Appraised Value." 2 (d) The definition of "Borrowing Base Net Operating Income" is hereby amended by deleting the proviso therein and deleting the last sentence thereof. (e) Clause (l) of the definition of "Borrowing Base Property" is hereby amended by deleting the text ", if such Borrowing Base Property would be a Newly-Acquired Borrowing Base Property," therein. (f) The definition of "Commitment Fee Rate" is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: "`Commitment Fee Rate' means, at any time, the per annum rate equal to (i) if the aggregate Revolving Credit Exposures of the Lenders at such time is less than or equal to one-half (1/2) of the Maximum Revolver Amount, one-half of one percent (0.50%), (ii) if the aggregate Revolving Credit Exposures of the Lenders is less than or equal to three-quarters (3/4) but greater than one-half (1/2) of the Maximum Revolver Amount at such time, three hundred and seventy-five one thousandths of one percent (0.375%), and (iii) if the aggregate Revolving Credit Exposures of the Lenders is greater than three-quarters (3/4) of the Maximum Revolver Amount at such time, one-quarter of one percent (0.25%)." (g) The definition of "Implied Loan Constant Rate" is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: "`Implied Loan Constant Rate' means, as to any period with respect to which Implied Debt Service is being determined, a rate per annum equal to the greatest of: (a) eight and nine-tenths percent (8.90%); (b) two and one-half percent (2.50%) in excess of the then most-recently published annual yield to maturity of the U.S. Treasury Constant Maturity Series with a five (5) year maturity, as such yield is reported on such date in the "Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15 - Selected Interest Rates", or any successor publication, published by the Board in effect on the date of calculation. In the event such rate per annum is no longer available, the rate described in this clause (b) shall be two and one-half percent (2.50%) in excess of the most-recent per annum rate equal to the annual yield to maturity on a comparable debt security with a five (5) year maturity issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association, as determined by the Administrative Agent; and (c) the interest rate in effect hereunder on the date of calculation, determined on a weighted average basis based on the respective principal balances of each Loan and any LC Exposure." 3 (h) The definition of "Maturity Date" is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: "`Maturity Date' means the Initial Maturity Date, as same may have been extended pursuant to Section 2.21 hereof." (i) The definition of "Newly-Acquired Borrowing Base Property" is hereby deleted in its entirety. (j) The definition of "Rate Agreements" is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: "`Rate Agreement' means an interest rate swap (including any Swap Agreement), cap or other interest rate protection product." (k) Section 2.05(e) is hereby amended by deleting each occurrence of the text "or the Implied Loan Amount" therein. (l) Section 2.11 is hereby amended by deleting the text "; or" at the end of clause (i) thereof and replacing it with "." and by deleting clause (ii) thereof in its entirety. (m) Section 4.02(i) is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following text: "Intentionally Omitted". (n) Section 4.03(b)(ix) is hereby amended by deleting the text "In the case of any Hotel which if qualifying as a Borrowing Base Property would be a Newly-Acquired Borrowing Base Property," therein and replacing it with the text "If applicable,". (o) Section 4.03(b)(xvii) is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following text: "Intentionally Omitted". (p) Section 4.03(c) is hereby amended by inserting the text "or" immediately after clause (i) thereof and deleting the text "or (iii) the requirements set forth in provisos in the definition of "Borrowing Base" herein" therein. (q) Section 4.03(d) is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following text: "Intentionally Omitted". (r) Section 4.03(e) is hereby amended by deleting the text ", and in any case shall not exceed the Implied Loan Amount" in clause (iii) thereof and by deleting clause (vi) thereof in its entirety. (s) Section 5.01(e) is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: 4 "Promptly after the preparation thereof, and no later than forty-five (45) days after the last day of each fiscal quarter of the Borrower, (i) computations of Borrowing Base Net Operating Income for each Borrowing Base Property, the Loan-to-NOI Ratio, Interest Coverage Ratio and Tangible Net Worth, set forth in a certificate executed by a Financial Officer of the Borrower, and (ii) a Borrowing Base Certificate executed by a Financial Officer of the Borrower setting forth its computation of the Borrowing Base, including its computation of the Implied Loan Amount, in each case as of the last day of such fiscal quarter. The Administrative Agent shall within ten (10) days of receipt of such information (and with respect to the Applicable Margin, the operating statements for such fiscal quarter required pursuant to Section 5.01(c) hereof), notify the Borrower in writing (which notice may be by facsimile transmission to the Borrower only) of any calculation errors or other errors in the calculation of Borrowing Base Net Operating Income or the Loan-to-NOI Ratio determined by Administrative Agent on the basis of the definition of "Borrowing Base Net Operating Income" herein, any corresponding adjustments to the Borrowing Base and any resulting adjustment to the Applicable Margin." (t) Section 5.14 is hereby amended by deleting the phrase "`Newly-Acquired Borrowing Base Property'" therein and replacing it with the phrase "`Borrowing Base'" and by adding the following sentence as the last sentence thereof: "If the Borrower makes a request for an Appraisal as referred to in the definition of "Borrowing Base" herein, the Administrative Agent shall obtain same and deliver copies to the Borrower and the Lenders at the Borrower's expense." (u) Section 6.01(d) is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following text: "Recourse Indebtedness in an aggregate principal amount for the REIT, the Borrower and their respective Subsidiaries (other than any Borrowing Base Subsidiary) not in excess of $15,000,000 at any time outstanding; excluding from such $15,000,000 limitation (i) any Indebtedness referred to in clause (a) or (b) above, and (ii) any Indebtedness in connection with credit facilities provided to the REIT and/or the Borrower and/or their respective Consolidated Subsidiaries (other than any Borrowing Base Subsidiary) in an aggregate principal amount at any time outstanding which does not exceed the lesser of (y) $150,000,000 or (z) twenty-five percent (25%) of the Total Assets." (v) Section 6.04 is hereby amended by deleting the text "Guarantee" and "Guarantees" where they appear in the first grammatical paragraph, clause (b) and the second line of clause (f) thereof and replacing them with the text "guarantee" and "guarantees" respectively. (w) Section 6.15 is hereby amended by deleting each sentence therein other than the last sentence thereof. 5 (x) The form of Borrowing Base Certificate attached to the Existing Credit Agreement as Exhibit N is hereby replaced with the form attached hereto as Exhibit A. (y) The following is hereby added as Section 2.21 of the Credit Agreement: "SECTION 2.21. Extension of Maturity Date. (a) Generally. Subject to the conditions set forth in Section 2.21(b) and (c) hereof, the Borrower shall have two (2) options to extend the Maturity Date. The first option shall be exercisable as provided in Section 2.21(b) hereof and shall extend the Initial Maturity Date to August 17, 2008 (such extension period is referred to herein as the "First Extension Period"). The second option shall be exercisable as provided in Section 2.21(c) hereof and shall extend the Maturity Date to August 17, 2009 (such extension period is referred to herein as the "Second Extension Period"). (b) Conditions to First Extension Period. The Borrower's option to extend the Initial Maturity Date as referred to in Section 2.21(a) hereof for the First Extension Period shall be subject to the following conditions being satisfied by the Borrower at its sole cost and expense to the satisfaction of the Administrative Agent, except to the extent that the Administrative Agent may elect (which election may be made without written or express notice of such waiver) to waive any of the following conditions, on or prior to the Initial Maturity Date: (i) The Borrower shall have delivered to the Administrative Agent an irrevocable written notice of the Borrower's election to extend the Initial Maturity Date no later than thirty (30) days, but no earlier than ninety (90) days, prior to the first day of the First Extension Period; (ii) No Default arising under Section 6.13 or 6.14 of the Credit Agreement (as of the fiscal quarter ending on June 30, 2007), First Tier Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and then be continuing as of the first day of the First Extension Period; (iii) As of the first day of the First Extension Period, the aggregate Revolving Credit Exposure of the Lenders shall not exceed the Borrowing Base; (iv) The Borrower shall have delivered to the Administrative Agent (w) a certification that no Default arising under Section 6.13 or 6.14 of the Credit Agreement (determined as of the last day of the fiscal quarter ending on June 30, 2007), First Tier Default or Event of Default exists, (x) a ratification by the Borrower and the Guarantors that the Financing Documents are ratified and continue in full force and effect, (y) a title 6 report on each Borrowing Base Property which shall show no liens of record or other encumbrances or exceptions to title except those permitted under the applicable Mortgages and (z) current tax lien, Uniform Commercial Code, bankruptcy and judgment searches against the Borrower and each Guarantor in such jurisdictions required by the Administrative Agent, which searches shall be acceptable in content to the Administrative Agent; (v) The Borrower shall have paid to the Administrative Agent all reasonable costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees, incurred in connection with such extension; and (vi) The Borrower shall have paid to the Administrative Agent for the ratable benefit of the Lenders on the first day of the First Extension Period a fee for such extension in the amount equal to twenty one-hundredths of one percent (0.20%) of the aggregate amount of the Commitments of all Lenders as of the first day of the First Extension Period. (c) Conditions to Second Extension Period. The Borrower's option to extend the Maturity Date as referred to in Section 2.21(a) hereof for the Second Extension Period shall be subject to the following conditions being satisfied by the Borrower at its sole cost and expense to the satisfaction of the Administrative Agent, except to the extent that the Administrative Agent may elect (which election may be made without written or express notice of such waiver) to waive any of the following conditions, on or prior to the Initial Maturity Date: (i) The Initial Maturity Date shall have been extended through the First Extension Period as provided in Section 2.21(b) hereof; (i) The Borrower shall have delivered to the Administrative Agent an irrevocable written notice of the Borrower's election to extend the Maturity Date no later than thirty (30) days, but no earlier than ninety (90) days, prior to the first day of the Second Extension Period; (ii) No Default arising under Section 6.13 or 6.14 of the Credit Agreement (as of the fiscal quarter ending on June 30, 2008), First Tier Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and then be continuing as of the first day of the Second Extension Period; (iii) As of the first day of the Second Extension Period, the aggregate Revolving Credit Exposure of the Lenders shall not exceed the Borrowing Base; (iv) The Borrower shall have delivered to the Administrative Agent (w) a certification that no Default arising under Section 6.13 or 6.14 7 of the Credit Agreement (determined as of the last day of the fiscal quarter ending on June 30, 2008), First Tier Default or Event of Default exists, (x) a ratification by the Borrower and the Guarantors that the Financing Documents are ratified and continue in full force and effect, (y) a title report on each Borrowing Base Property which shall show no liens of record or other encumbrances or exceptions to title except those permitted under the applicable Mortgages and (z) current tax lien, Uniform Commercial Code, bankruptcy and judgment searches against the Borrower and each Guarantor in such jurisdictions required by the Administrative Agent, which searches shall be acceptable in content to the Administrative Agent; (v) The Borrower shall have paid to the Administrative Agent all reasonable costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees, incurred in connection with such extension; and (vi) The Borrower shall have paid to the Administrative Agent for the ratable benefit of the Lenders on the first day of the Second Extension Period a fee for such extension in the amount equal to twenty one-hundredths of one percent (0.20%) of the aggregate amount of the Commitments of all Lenders as of the first day of the Second Extension Period." ARTICLE II REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES Borrower and each Guarantor hereby represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent, the Syndication Agent and the Lenders as follows: SECTION 2.01. Existence and Power. Each such Credit Party is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of organization and has all necessary powers required to enter into this Amendment and to perform its obligations under the Existing Credit Agreement, as amended hereby. SECTION 2.02. Authorization; No Contravention. The execution and delivery by each such Credit Party of this Amendment and the performance of the Existing Credit Agreement, as amended hereby, (a) are within its powers and have been duly authorized by all necessary action, (b) require no action by or in respect of, or filing with, any Governmental Authority, any property manager or other third party, (c) do not contravene, or constitute a breach of or default under, any provision of applicable law or regulation, any of its constitutive documents or of any judgment, injunction, order, decree, permit, license, note, mortgage, agreement or other material instrument binding upon such Person or any of its Subsidiaries or their respective assets and (d) do not result in the creation or imposition of any Lien on any asset of any Credit Party or any of its Subsidiaries (except the Security Interests). 8 SECTION 2.03. Binding Effect. This Amendment has been duly executed and delivered by such Credit Party and the Existing Credit Agreement, as amended hereby, constitutes the valid and binding agreement of each such Credit Party, in each case enforceable in accordance with their respective terms, except as the enforceability thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or moratorium or other similar laws relating to the enforcement of creditors' rights generally and by general equitable principles. SECTION 2.04. Representations and Warranties in Financing Documents. Without limiting the foregoing, all representations and warranties of such Credit Party set forth in the Existing Credit Agreement, as amended hereby, and the other Financing Documents, are, giving effect to this Amendment, true and correct in all material respects as of the date hereof, provided that any such representations and warranties that by their express terms are made as of a specific date are true and correct in all material respects as of such specific date. In connection with the foregoing representations and warranties, Exhibits B, C, E, F, G, H, I and J of the Credit Agreement are each hereby amended to include the information set forth on Exhibits B, C, D, E, F, G, H and I, respectively, attached hereto, the date of September 30, 2003 set forth in clauses (a) and (b) of Section 3.04 of the Credit Agreement shall refer to March 31, 2004, the reference to "the date hereof" set forth in clause (i) of Section 3.04 of the Credit Agreement shall refer to the date of this Amendment, and the reference to the Effective Date set forth in Section 3.19 of the Credit Agreement shall refer to the date of this Amendment. ARTICLE III MISCELLANEOUS SECTION 3.01. Effectiveness of Change of Commitment Fee Rate. The modification of the Commitment Fee Rate set forth in Section 1.02 hereof shall be effective only as of the date hereof and shall not reduce or otherwise modify the amount of the Commitment Fee accrued through the date hereof determined on the basis of the Commitment Fee Rate under the Existing Credit Agreement. The portion of the Commitment Fee due and payable on September 30, 2004 shall be determined on the basis of the Commitment Fee Rate under the Existing Credit Agreement for the period ending on the day immediately preceding the date hereof and on the basis of the Commitment Fee Rate as modified by this Amendment for the period commencing on the date hereof and ending on September 30, 2004. Thereafter, the Commitment Fee shall be determined on the basis of the Commitment Fee Rate as amended by this Amendment. SECTION 3.02. Effectiveness of Change of Applicable Margin. The modification of the Applicable Margin set forth in Section 1.02 hereof shall be effective only as of the date hereof and shall not reduce or otherwise modify the amount of interest that has accrued through the date hereof determined on the basis of the Base Rate and/or the Adjusted LIBO Rate, as applicable, and the Applicable Margin under the Existing Credit Agreement. The portion of interest due and payable on September 1, 2004 shall be determined on the basis of the Base Rate and/or the Adjusted LIBO Rate, as applicable, and the Applicable Margin under the Existing Credit Agreement for the period ending on the day immediately preceding the date 9 hereof and on the basis of the Base Rate and/or the Adjusted LIBO Rate, as applicable, and the Applicable Margin as modified by this Amendment for the period commencing on the date hereof and ending on September 1, 2004. Thereafter, the Applicable Margin shall be determined on the basis of the Applicable Margin as amended by this Amendment. SECTION 3.03. No Other Amendments. Except as amended hereby, the Existing Credit Agreement remains unmodified. As amended hereby, the Existing Credit Agreement remains in full force and effect. Each Credit Party ratifies and reaffirms the obligations, waivers and covenants made under the Existing Credit Agreement, as amended hereby, and the other Financing Documents. Without limiting the foregoing, the Guarantors acknowledge and agree that the Guaranteed Obligations include the Obligations, as amended hereby, and that the Financing Documents remain in full force and effect and shall secure and otherwise apply to the Guaranteed Obligations and all other terms of the Existing Credit Agreement, as amended hereby. SECTION 3.04. Counterparts. This Amendment may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page of this Amendment by telecopy shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Amendment. SECTION 3.05. Severability. Any provision of this Amendment held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability without affecting the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof, and the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate such provision in any other jurisdiction. SECTION 3.06. Headings, Etc. Article and Section headings used herein are for convenience of reference only, are not part of this Amendment and shall not affect the construction of, or be taken into consideration in interpreting, this Amendment. SECTION 3.07. Governing Law. This Amendment shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the substantive laws of the State of New York. SECTION 3.08. Waiver of Trial by Jury. Each party hereto hereby expressly and unconditionally waives any and every right either party may have to a trial by jury, in any suit, action or proceeding brought under or with respect to this Amendment. SECTION 3.09. Texas Opinions. The Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent enforceability opinions with respect to Texas law in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent concerning the deeds of trust granted by Ashford Dallas LP and Ashford Austin LP and the amendments thereto being executed concurrently herewith within thirty (30) days after the date hereof unless the Borrowing Base Properties encumbered by said deeds of trust are released from the Borrowing Base on or before such date. 10 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the day and year first above written. BORROWER: ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP By: Ashford OP General Partner LLC By: Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- Name: David A. Brooks Title: Secretary and Chief Legal Counsel GUARANTORS: ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS -------------------------------------------- Name: David A. Brooks Title: Secretary and Chief Legal Counsel ASHFORD OP GENERAL PARTNER LLC By: Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ---------------------------------------- Name: David A. Brooks Title: Secretary and Chief Legal Counsel ASHFORD OP LIMITED PARTNER LLC By: Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ---------------------------------------- Name: David A. Brooks Title: Secretary and Chief Legal Counsel ASHFORD TRS CORPORATION By: /s/ DAVID A. KIMICHIK --------------------------------------------- Name: David J. Kimichik Title: President 11 ASHFORD MOBILE LP By: Ashford Properties General Partner LLC By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ---------------------------------- Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD JACKSONVILLE II LP By: Ashford Properties General Partner LLC By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ---------------------------------- Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD LAWRENCEVILLE LP By: Ashford Properties General Partner LLC By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ---------------------------------- Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD AUSTIN LP By: Ashford Properties General Partner LLC By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ---------------------------------- Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD DALLAS LP By: Ashford Properties General Partner LLC By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------------------- Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President 12 ASHFORD DULLES LP By: Ashford Properties General Partner LLC By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ---------------------------------- Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD HOLTSVILLE LP By: Ashford Properties General Partner LLC By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------------------- Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD BUENA VISTA LP By: Ashford Properties General Partner LLC By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------------------- Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT: CALYON NEW YORK BRANCH By: /s/ OLIVER AUDEMARD ---------------------------------------- Name: Oliver Audemard Title: Managing Director By: /s/ DAVID BOWERS --------------------------------------- Name: David Bowers Title: Director SYNDICATION AGENT: MERRILL LYNCH CAPITAL, a division of Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services, Inc. By: /s/ KIM LIAUTAUD --------------------------------------- Name: Kim Liautaud Title: Vice President 13 LENDERS: CALYON NEW YORK BRANCH By: /s/ OLIVER AUDEMARD --------------------------------------- Name: Oliver Audemard Title: Managing Director By: /s/ DAVID BOWERS --------------------------------------- Name: David Bowers Title: Director MERRILL LYNCH CAPITAL, a division of Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services, Inc. By: /s/ KIM LIAUTAUD --------------------------------------- Name: Kim Liautaud Title: Vice President 14 EX-10.16 3 d20035exv10w16.txt LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT EXHIBIT 10.16 LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT THIS LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT (the "AGREEMENT") dated as of July 13, 2004, is entered into by and among ASHFORD FINANCE SUBSIDIARY I LP, a Delaware limited partnership ("BORROWER"), each of the Credit Parties signatory hereto (the "CREDIT PARTIES") and CAPITALSOURCE FINANCE LLC, a Delaware limited liability company ("LENDER"). WHEREAS, Borrower has requested that Lender make available to Borrower a revolving credit facility (the "LOAN") in a maximum principal amount at any time outstanding of up to Forty-Five Million Five Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($45,550,000) (the "FACILITY CAP"), the proceeds of which shall be used by Borrower to fund the generation and purchase of Eligible Receivables (the "BUSINESS") (or the reimbursement to Borrower of the purchase price in respect of the acquisition of Mortgage Loans which are to be pledged as Collateral on the Closing Date) and for payment to the Lender of the sums provided for in the Agreement; WHEREAS, Borrower is willing to grant Lender, a Lien on and security interest in the Collateral to secure the Loan; and WHEREAS, Lender is willing to make the Loan available to Borrower upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which hereby are acknowledged, Borrower and Lender hereby agree as follows: I. DEFINITIONS 1.1 General Terms For purposes of the Loan Documents and all Annexes thereto, in addition to the definitions above and elsewhere in this Agreement or the other Loan Documents, the terms listed in Appendix A hereto shall have the meanings given such terms in Appendix A, which is incorporated herein and made a part hereof. All capitalized terms used which are not specifically defined shall have meanings provided in Article 9 of the UCC in effect on the date hereof to the extent the same are used or defined therein. Unless otherwise specified herein or in Appendix A, this Agreement and any agreement or contract referred to herein or in Appendix A shall mean such agreement as modified, amended or supplemented from time to time. Unless otherwise specified, as used in the Loan Documents or in any certificate, report, instrument or other document made or delivered pursuant to any of the Loan Documents, all accounting terms not defined in Appendix A or elsewhere in this Agreement shall have the meanings given to such terms in and shall be interpreted in accordance with GAAP. Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) II. LOAN, PAYMENTS, INTEREST AND COLLATERAL 2.1 THE LOAN (a) Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, Lender agrees to make Advances to Borrower under the Loan from time to time during the Revolving Period; provided, that (i) the Advances at any time outstanding under the Loan shall not exceed the lesser of (A) the Facility Cap minus the Interest Reserve and (B) the Availability and (ii) in the event Borrower has made a mandatory prepayment of the Loan pursuant to Section 2.8(c), if Borrower has submitted to Lender for its consideration a replacement Eligible Receivable within ninety (90) days of such prepayment, and Lender has approved inclusion of such Eligible Receivable in the Borrowing Base in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the Advance made to Borrower pursuant to this Section 2.1 in respect of such Eligible Receivable shall be in an amount equal to such mandatory prepayment. The Loan is a revolving credit facility which may be drawn, repaid and redrawn from time to time as permitted under this Agreement. Unless otherwise permitted by Lender, each Advance shall be in an amount of no less than Three Million Dollars ($3,000,000) or more than Fifteen Million Dollars ($15,000,000). No more than two (2) Advances may be made in any calendar month for the period running from the Closing through January 13, 2005, and no more than one (1) Advance may be made in any calendar month for the period running from January 13, 2005 through the last day of the Revolving Period; provided, however, that, notwithstanding the foregoing, Lender shall make additional Advances during such periods subject to the payment by Borrower, to Lender, of a Two Thousand Dollar ($2,000) administrative fee for each such Advance in excess of the number permitted above in any calendar month. Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, Borrower may request Advances up to and including the value, in Dollars of one hundred percent (100%) of the Borrowing Base, minus amounts reserved pursuant to this Agreement (such calculated amount being referred to herein as the "AVAILABILITY"). Advances under the Loan automatically shall be made for the payment of interest on the Notes and other Obligations on the date when due to the extent available and as provided for herein. Lender shall have the right to establish and readjust from time to time, upon not less than sixty (60) days prior written notice to Borrower, and in Lender's Permitted Discretion, reserves (other than the Interest Reserve) against the Borrowing Base, which reserves shall have the effect of reducing the amounts otherwise eligible to be disbursed to Borrower under the Loan pursuant to this Agreement. (b) Seven Hundred Fifty Thousand and No/100 Dollars ($750,000.00) of the Loan shall be reserved against the Facility Cap by Lender, and not funded on the Closing Date, as an interest reserve for the Loan (the "INTEREST RESERVE"). Subject to the general conditions for disbursement set forth in Section 2.1(a), such funds from the Interest Reserve may be disbursed monthly by Lender, in its sole discretion, to the extent that Borrower fails to make any interest or principal payment on the Loan when due. No interest shall accrue on the Interest Reserve except to the extent of funds disbursed by Lender pursuant to this Section 2.1(b). Advances by Lender from the Interest Reserve shall become an Obligation hereunder, shall accrue interest at the Applicable Rates and be payable in accordance with this Agreement, and shall be subject to all other terms of this Agreement upon making the Advance from the Interest Reserve for such interest payments or for any other uses permitted herein. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 2.1(b), in no event shall Lender have any obligation to make any disbursement out of the Interest Reserve. Notwithstanding and without limiting or being limited Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 2 by any other provision of this Agreement, upon the occurrence and continuation of an Event of Default, Lender shall have the right, in its sole discretion, to use all or any portion of the amounts in the Interest Reserve to pay any amount or Obligation hereunder and/or under the Loan, the Note, and any other Loan Documents to be applied at such time and in such manner and order as Lender shall decide in its sole discretion. Use of the Interest Reserve shall in no way waive or otherwise modify any of Borrower's Obligations hereunder, or under the Note or any other Loan Document, including, without limitation, the obligation to make monthly interest, and when applicable principal payments. 2.2 THE NOTES; MATURITY; EXTENSION OF REVOLVING PERIOD (a) All Advances under the Loan shall be evidenced by the Notes, payable to the order of Lender in the principal amount of the Loan, and duly executed and delivered by Borrower. The Notes shall evidence the aggregate Indebtedness of Borrower to Lender resulting from Advances under the Loan from time to time. Lender will account to Borrower monthly with a statement of Advances under the Loan, and any charges and payments made pursuant to this Agreement, and in the absence of manifest error, such accounting rendered by Lender shall be deemed final, binding and conclusive unless Lender is notified by Borrower in writing to the contrary within twenty (20) calendar days of Receipt of each accounting, which notice shall be deemed an objection only to items specifically objected to therein. (b) All amounts outstanding under the Notes and all other Obligations under the Loan shall be due and payable in full, if not earlier in accordance with this Agreement, on the Maturity Date. (c) Borrower may request that Lender extend the Revolving Period by an additional twelve (12) months upon satisfaction of the following conditions: (i) Borrower shall have delivered to Lender written notification of such election no later than sixty (60) days prior to the first anniversary of the Closing Date, (ii) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or be reasonably likely to occur, (iii) no material changes to the Mortgage Loan Collateral shall have occurred nor shall a Material Adverse Effect be reasonably likely to occur, in each case, in the sole determination of Lender, and (iv) Borrower shall have paid the Extension Fee in accordance with Section 3.7. Lender shall notify Borrower within forty five (45) days of receipt of the notice set forth in clause (i) above whether Lender has chosen to extend the Revolving Period. Notwithstanding the foregoing or anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary and irrespective of whether the foregoing conditions have been satisfied, Lender shall have the sole right to approve such extension which approval may be granted or withheld in the sole discretion of Lender. (d) Lender may, at any time after the Closing Date, elect to no longer require that Notes be delivered by Borrower to evidence the Loans hereunder. In the event Lender makes such election, the following provisions shall apply: (i) Lender shall maintain electronic or written records in which it will record (i) the amount of each Loan made hereunder, the type of Loan, and any applicable interest rate periods, (ii) the amount of any principal and/or interest due and payable Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 3 and/or to become due and payable from Borrower to Lender hereunder and (iii) all amounts received by Lender hereunder from Borrower. (ii) The entries made in the electronic or written records maintained pursuant to subsection (i) of this Section 2.2(d) (the "REGISTER") shall be prima facie evidence of the existence and amounts of the obligations and indebtedness therein recorded; provided, however, that the failure of Lender to maintain such records or any error therein shall not in any manner affect the obligations of Borrower to repay the Loans or Obligations in accordance with their terms. The Register shall be subject to the terms of Section 13.2(c). (iii) Borrower agrees that upon written notice by Lender to Borrower that a promissory note or other evidence of indebtedness is requested by Lender to evidence the Loans owing or payable to, or to be made by, Lender, Borrower shall promptly (and in any event within three (3) Business Days of any such request) execute and deliver to Lender an appropriate promissory note or notes in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Lender and Borrower payable to the order of Lender in a principal amount equal to the amount of the Loans owing or payable to Lender. (iv) All references to Notes in the Loan Documents shall mean Notes, if any, to the extent issued (and not returned to Borrower for cancellation) hereunder, as the same may be amended, modified, divided, supplemented and/or restated from time to time. 2.3 INTEREST ON THE NOTES (a) The Borrower agrees to pay interest in respect of the outstanding principal amount of each Advance, in arrears on the fifth (5th) Business Day of each month, from the date the proceeds thereof are made available to the Borrower (i.e., the date of funding) until paid, at a rate per annum equal to the lesser of (i) the greater of (A) prior to the effectiveness of the Interest Rate Reduction Election (1) LIBOR plus six and one-quarter percent (6.25%) per annum and (2) eight and one-quarter percent (8.25%) per annum or (B) from and after the effectiveness of the Interest Rate Reduction Election (1) LIBOR plus five and three-quarters percent (5.75%) per annum and (2) seven and three-quarters percent (7.75%) per annum and (ii) the Maximum Rate. If Lender is ever prevented from charging or collecting interest at the Applicable Rate, then the interest rate shall continue to be the Maximum Rate until such time as Lender has charged and collected the full amount of interest that would be chargeable and collectable if interest at the Applicable Rate had always been lawfully chargeable and collectable. (b) Borrower shall have the one-time option to reduce the interest rate set forth in Section 2.3(a)(i)(A) above (the "INTEREST RATE REDUCTION ELECTION") on or prior to the first (1st) anniversary of the Closing Date (the "INTEREST RATE REDUCTION EXPIRATION DATE"). In the event Borrower wishes to make the Interest Rate Reduction Election, Borrower shall notify Lender in writing, no later than the tenth (10th) Business Day prior to the Interest Rate Reduction Expiration Date, of its desire to make the Interest Rate Reduction Election. On the fifth (5th) Business Day after Lender's receipt of such notification, the interest rate on the Loan shall be automatically reduced to the amount set forth in Section 2.3(a)(i)(B) and the Advance Percentage Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 4 shall be automatically reduced by five percent (5%), in each case without any further action by any party. If as a result of such reduction in the Advance Percentage Borrower is required to make a payment of principal pursuant to Section 2.7, such payment shall be made without prepayment premium. (c) Whenever, subsequent to the date of this Agreement, LIBOR or the Prime Rate, as applicable, is increased or decreased, the Applicable Rate shall be similarly changed without notice or demand of any kind by an amount equal to the amount of such change in LIBOR or the Prime Rate, as applicable, on the day of such change (subject to the Maximum Rate). The monthly interest due on the principal balance of the Loan outstanding shall be computed for the actual number of days elapsed during the month in question on the basis of a year consisting of 360 days and shall be calculated by determining the average daily principal balance outstanding for each day of the month in question. The daily rate shall be equal to 1/360th times the Applicable Rate (but shall not exceed the Maximum Rate). Lender may assess a late charge equal to five percent (5%) of each delinquent payment due hereunder if such payment is not paid in the manner required when such payment is due. (d) Lender shall determine (which determination shall, absent manifest error, be presumptively correct) LIBOR on the applicable determination date. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, Lender shall not be required to purchase United States dollar deposits in the London interbank market or other applicable LIBOR market to fund any Advances, but the provisions hereof shall be deemed to apply as if Lender had purchased such deposits to fund the Advances. (e) If Lender determines in good faith (which determination shall be conclusive and binding upon Borrower to the extent made in good faith by Lender) that Dollar deposits of the relevant Advance amount are not available in the London Interbank Market or the rate at which such Dollar deposits are being offered will not adequately and fairly reflect the cost to Lender of maintaining a LIBOR Advance, or that by reason of circumstances affecting such market, adequate and reasonable means do not exist for ascertaining LIBOR, Lender promptly shall give notice of such determination to Borrower. If such notice is given (i) any Advances requested to be made on the first day of such Interest Period shall be made as Prime Rate Advances and (ii) any outstanding LIBOR Advances shall be converted to Prime Rate Advances. At such time as such condition no longer exists, Lender shall withdraw such notice, and until such notice has been withdrawn by Lender, no further LIBOR Advances shall be made. (f) In the event that, after the date hereof, by reason of a change in any law, regulation or requirement or interpretation thereof by any Governmental Authority, or the imposition of any requirement of any such Governmental Authority, whether or not having the force of law, including the imposition of any reserve and/or special deposit requirement (other than reserves included in the Eurocurrency Reserve Requirements), Lender shall be subjected to any tax, levy, impost, charge, fee, duty, deduction or withholding of any kind whatsoever (other than Excluded Taxes) and if any such measures shall result in an increase in the cost to Lender of maintaining any LIBOR Advance or in a reduction in the amount of principal or interest receivable by Lender in respect thereof, then Borrower shall pay to Lender, within ten (10) days after receipt of a notice from Lender (which notice shall be accompanied by a statement in reasonable detail setting forth the basis for the calculation thereof, which calculation, in the Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 5 absence of manifest error, shall be presumptively correct), an amount equal to such increased cost or reduced amount. At any time after receipt of such notice Borrower may convert all LIBOR Advances to Prime Rate Advances, and such conversion shall be effective three (3) Business Days after Lender has received notice from Borrower of such conversion. (g) If at any time a change in any law, treaty or regulation, or any interpretation thereof by any Governmental Authority shall make it unlawful for Lender to fund or maintain its share of any LIBOR Advance, then, upon the occurrence of such event, Lender shall notify Borrower thereof and thereupon (i) the right of Borrower to request any LIBOR Advance shall be suspended for the duration of such illegality and (ii) if required by such law, treaty, regulation or interpretation, on such date as shall be specified in such notice all LIBOR Advances shall be deemed converted to Prime Rate Advances. If any such conversion of a LIBOR Advance occurs on a day which is not the last day of the then current Interest Period with respect thereto, Borrower shall pay to Lender such amounts, if any, as may be required pursuant to Section 2.3(h) below. (h) In addition to any other payments payable by Borrower to Lender pursuant to the Loan Documents, Borrower shall indemnify Lender and hold Lender harmless from any loss or expense which Lender may sustain or incur as a consequence of (i) default by Borrower in making any prepayment in full of the Loans to the extent consisting in whole or in part of LIBOR Advances after Borrower has given the third (3rd) notice thereof in any calendar year in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, (ii) default by Borrower in making any prepayment of a LIBOR Advance after Borrower has given the third (3rd) notice thereof in any calendar year in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, and (iii) the making of a prepayment of a LIBOR Advance on a day which is not the last day of an Interest Period with respect thereto. With respect to LIBOR Advances, such indemnification may include an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (A) the amount of interest which would have accrued on the amount so prepaid, or not so borrowed, converted or extended, for the period from the date of such prepayment or of such failure to borrow, convert or extend to the last day of the applicable Interest Period (or, in the case of a failure to borrow, convert or extend, the Interest Period that would have commenced on the date of such failure) in each case at the Applicable Rate for such LIBOR Advances provided for herein over (B) the amount of interest (as determined by Lender) which would have accrued to Lender on such amount by placing such amount on deposit for a comparable period with leading banks in the interbank Eurodollar market. This covenant shall survive the termination or non-renewal of this Agreement and the payment of the Obligations. (i) The Loan shall initially be a LIBOR Advance. Borrower shall have no right to request that the Loan be converted to a Prime Rate Advance. Lender shall have the option at any time, in its sole discretion, to convert the LIBOR Advance to a Prime Rate Advance (a "PRIME RATE CONVERSION"). In the event Lender elects to make a Prime Rate Conversion, Lender shall deliver written notice thereof to Borrower at least one (1) Business Day prior to the effective date of such conversion. Any Prime Rate Conversion shall (i) be at no cost to Borrower and (ii) occur in such a manner that the Applicable Rate after the Prime Rate Conversion shall equal the Applicable Rate immediately prior to the Prime Rate Conversion and shall continue to be equal to the Applicable Rate which would have been in effect hereunder from time to time as if no Prime Rate Conversion had occurred, for so long as such Advances continue as Prime Rate Advances. Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 6 (j) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, no Credit Party shall be required to make any payments to Lender pursuant to Section 2.3(f) or (h) or Section 6.15 relating to any period of time which is greater than 180 days prior to the date Lender demands payment of such amount. (k) Lender agrees that, upon the occurrence of any event giving rise to an increase, cost or additional payment obligation pursuant to Section 2.3(f) or (g) with respect to Lender, or to avoid the unavailability of LIBOR pursuant to Section 2.3(e), it will, if requested by Borrower, use reasonable efforts (subject to reimbursement by the Borrower of any out-of-pocket costs incurred by Lender) to designate another lending office for any Advances affected by such event with the object of avoiding the consequences of such event; provided, that such designation is made on terms that, in the sole judgment of Lender, cause Lender and its lending office(s) to suffer no economic, legal or regulatory disadvantage. 2.4 LOAN DISBURSEMENTS; REQUIREMENT TO DELIVER BORROWING CERTIFICATE So long as no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, Borrower may give Lender irrevocable written notice (which may be delivered via e-mail attachment, so long as it is signed by a Responsible Officer) requesting an Advance under the Loan by delivering to Lender not later than 12:00 noon (New York City time) at least five (5) Business Days before the proposed Business Day on which such requested Advance is to be made (each, a "BORROWING DATE"), a completed Borrowing Certificate requesting such Advance accompanied by relevant supporting documentation satisfactory to Lender in its sole discretion, which shall (a) specify the proposed Borrowing Date of such Advance, (b) specify the principal amount of such requested Advance, and (c) certify the matters contained in Section 4.2 (subject to (i) the update of the Schedules hereto and (ii) the passage of not less than ten (10) Business Days from the date of receipt by Lender of the last Funding Item required by Lender in connection with such Advance) and, to the extent applicable, provide calculations evidencing satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 4.2. On the first Business Day of each fiscal quarter during the Term (and after the occurrence and during the continuation of a Default or Event of Default, more frequently if Lender shall so request) until the Obligations (other than indemnity obligations under the Loan Documents that are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then pending) are indefeasibly paid in cash in full and this Agreement is terminated and each time a request for an Advance is made, Borrower shall deliver to Lender a Borrowing Certificate accompanied by a roll forward of the Borrower's Accounts with a representation as to whether the conditions precedent contained in Section 4.2 are satisfied as of the date of such Borrowing Certificate and such other supporting documentation with respect to the figures and information in the Borrowing Certificate as Lender shall request in its Permitted Discretion. On each Borrowing Date, Borrower irrevocably authorizes Lender to disburse the proceeds of the requested Advance to the applicable account(s) of Borrower specified in the applicable Borrowing Certificate, each of which accounts shall constitute one or more of the accounts set forth on Schedule 2.4, in all cases for credit to Borrower (or to such other account as to which Borrower shall instruct Lender in writing) via Federal funds wire transfer no later than 3:00 p.m. (New York City time). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, Lender shall be entitled to rely upon the authority of a Responsible Officer of Borrower for communications with and instructions from Borrower Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 7 until Lender has actually received written notice from Borrower that such officer no longer has such authority. 2.5 LOAN COLLECTIONS; REPAYMENT; BORROWING AVAILABILITY AND BLOCKED ACCOUNT Borrower shall maintain one or more blocked accounts (individually and collectively, the "BLOCKED ACCOUNT") with one or more banks acceptable to Lender (each, a "BLOCKED ACCOUNT BANK"), and shall execute with each Blocked Account Bank one or more agreements acceptable to Lender which shall provide that, among other things (a) Lender's first priority Lien in such Blocked Account is perfected, (b) subject to Section 2.5(c), on the fifth (5th) Business Day of each calendar month, such Blocked Account Bank shall transfer all funds on deposit in such Blocked Account into a depository account or accounts maintained by Lender or an Affiliate of Lender at such bank as Lender may direct from time to time (the "CONCENTRATION ACCOUNT") and (c) following the occurrence and during the continuance of a Triggering Event, such Blocked Account Bank shall honor all instructions received from Lender concerning such Blocked Account, including, without limitation, at Lender's direction, the transfer of all funds on deposit in such Blocked Account into the Concentration Account (individually and collectively, the "BLOCKED ACCOUNT AGREEMENTS"), and such other agreements related thereto as Lender may require. Borrower shall ensure that all collections of its Accounts and all other proceeds of Collateral are paid and delivered directly into the appropriate Blocked Account. To the extent any such collections of Accounts and all other proceeds of Collateral are not paid and delivered directly into a Blocked Account but are received by Borrower, such collections and proceeds shall be held in trust for the benefit of Lender and remitted immediately by the Borrower for deposit to a Blocked Account. Notwithstanding and without limiting any other provision of any Loan Document, Lender shall apply, on a daily basis, all funds transferred into the Concentration Account pursuant to the Blocked Account Agreement and this Section 2.5 in such order and manner as noted in Section 2.16. Borrower acknowledges and agrees that compliance with the terms of this Section 2.5 is an essential term of this Agreement, and that, in addition to and notwithstanding any other rights Lender may have hereunder, under any other Loan Document, under applicable law or at equity, upon each and every failure by Borrower to comply with any such terms Lender may consider such failure to be a Default or an Event of Default. All funds deposited into the Blocked Account shall be applied to reduce the Obligations under the Loan pursuant to Section 2.16. If as the result of collections of Accounts and/or any other cash payments delivered by Borrower pursuant to this Section 2.5 a credit balance exists with respect to the Blocked Account, such credit balance shall not accrue interest in favor of Borrower (except in accordance with the Blocked Account Agreements), but shall be available to the Borrower in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. Each Foreclosure Subsidiary shall ensure that all cash payments received or to be received by it are paid or directed to be paid into a Blocked Account. 2.6 PROMISE TO PAY; MANNER OF PAYMENT. Borrower absolutely and unconditionally promises to pay, when due and payable pursuant hereto, principal, interest and all other amounts and Obligations payable, hereunder or under any other Loan Document, without any right of rescission and without any deduction whatsoever, including any deduction for set-off, recoupment or counterclaim, notwithstanding any damage to, defects in or destruction of the Collateral or any other event, including Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 8 obsolescence of any property or improvements. Any payments made by Borrower (other than payments automatically paid through Advances under the Loan as provided herein or with funds contained in the Blocked Account), shall be made only by wire transfer on the date when due, without offset, deduction or counterclaim, in Dollars, in immediately available funds to such account as may be indicated in writing by Lender to Borrower from time to time. Any such payment received after 2:00 p.m. (New York City time) on any date shall be deemed received on the following Business Day. Whenever any payment hereunder shall be stated to be due or shall become due and payable on a day other than a Business Day, the due date thereof shall be extended to, and such payment shall be made on, the next succeeding Business Day, and such extension of time in such case shall be included in the computation of payment of any interest (at the interest rate then in effect during such extension) and/or fees, as the case may be. 2.7 REPAYMENT OF EXCESS ADVANCES (a) Any balance of Advances under the Loan outstanding at any time in excess of the lesser of (a) the Facility Cap minus the Interest Reserve and (b) Availability shall be due and payable by Borrower within forty-five (45) days of notice from Lender, at the Payment Office, whether or not a Default or Event of Default has occurred or is continuing and shall be paid in the manner specified in Section 2.6 and, notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, shall be an Event of Default if not so paid. Lender may, at any time and in its sole discretion, require a new appraisal conducted by an appraiser selected by Lender of any or all of the Mortgage Loan Collateral for the Eligible Receivables in order to determine whether an overadvance exists, and if Lender determines an overadvance exists based on the results of such appraisal, Borrower shall pay such excess amount in accordance with the immediately preceding sentence. Any appraisal prepared pursuant to this Section 2.7(a) shall be based upon appraisal criteria and methodology that are consistent with those utilized in the appraisal approved by Lender in connection with the addition of the relevant Mortgage Loan to the Borrowing Base. All costs and expenses of such appraisal shall be at Borrower's expense; provided, that Borrower shall only be obligated to pay for three (3) such appraisals of any particular Hotel during the Term and no more than one (1) per calendar year. (b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, in lieu of paying such excess amounts, Borrower shall have the option, at the election of Borrower, to add Eligible Receivables to the Borrowing Base. Such addition of Eligible Receivables shall be subject to the same terms and conditions as are applicable to a request for an Advance pursuant to Sections 2.4 and 4.2. 2.8 OTHER MANDATORY PREPAYMENTS; VOLUNTARY PREPAYMENTS In addition to and without limiting any provision of any Loan Document: (a) If a Change of Control occurs that has not been consented to in writing by Lender prior to the consummation thereof, on or prior to the first Business Day following the date of such Change of Control, Borrower shall prepay the Loan and all other Obligations (other than indemnity obligations under the Loan Documents that are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then pending) in full in cash together with accrued interest thereon to the date of prepayment and all other amounts owing to Lender under the Loan Documents. Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 9 (b) If Borrower, in any transaction or series of related transactions, (i) sells any material assets (other than any Mortgage Loan) or other properties (other than sales of assets that are promptly (and in any event within 180 days) replaced with assets that are useful in the Business), (ii) sells or issues any equity or debt securities, Equity Interests or ownership interests (other than, so long as no Default or Event of Default exists, or, after giving effect thereto, otherwise results therefrom, Permitted Securities), including, but not limited to, any sale or issuance undertaken in connection with or as part of a Public Offering, (iii) receives any property damage insurance award or any other insurance proceeds of any kind (including any proceeds received by Borrower from an Account Debtor in accordance with the terms of the underlying Mortgage Loan Documents) that are not paid to a third party as a result of or relating to the incidents giving rise to such award and that, under the terms of the relevant Mortgage Loan Documents, are attributable to the principal of such Mortgage Loan (but in no event in an amount in excess of the amount that would be due to Lender upon a repayment in full of such Mortgage Loan pursuant to Section 2.8(c) below), or (iv) incurs any Indebtedness except for Permitted Indebtedness, then it shall apply one hundred percent (100%) (or such lesser amount as is required to indefeasibly pay in cash in full the Obligations (other than indemnity obligations under the Loan Documents that are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then pending)) of the cash proceeds thereof (net of reasonable transaction costs and expenses and taxes) to the prepayment of the Loan together with accrued interest and all other Obligations, such payment to be applied on the fifth (5th) day after receipt thereof by Borrower first, to all then unpaid fees and expenses; second, to all accrued and unpaid interest on the Loan; and third, to the principal under the Loan (with no permanent reduction in Commitments); provided, however, that the reduction of the principal balance of the Loan shall not affect the amount or timing of principal payments (other than the extent to which reductions have been made with respect to such principal payments as allocated pursuant to this paragraph) required under this Agreement until the balance of such Loan is reduced to zero. If the amount paid to Lender pursuant to clause (iii) above with respect to any Mortgage Loan equals the amount that would be due to Lender upon a repayment in full of such Mortgage Loan pursuant to Section 2.8(c), Lender shall release such Mortgage Loan from this Agreement as if such payment had been made pursuant to Section 2.8(c). (c) If Borrower receives (i) any principal payments on any Mortgage Loan (other than with respect to the Wyndham Receivable, any payment specified in subclause (ii) of this Section 2.8(c)), Borrower shall prepay the Loan on the fifth (5th) day after receipt thereof by Borrower in an amount equal to the pro rata percentage of such principal payment equal to the Advance Percentage on the Mortgage Loan being repaid; provided, that if such payment received by Borrower constitutes a repayment in full of such Mortgage Loan, Borrower shall prepay the principal of the Loan in an amount such that the amount of such principal prepayment, when aggregated with all previous payments of the principal of the Loan made by Borrower on account of payments of the applicable Mortgage Loan, equals one hundred fifteen percent (115%) of the original Advance made by Lender in respect of such Mortgage Loan, whereupon (x) Lender shall execute such documents and instruments as may be necessary to release such Mortgage Loan from the Liens and security interests granted pursuant to this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, and (y) such Mortgage Loan shall no longer be considered a "Mortgage Loan" under this Agreement, or (ii) any principal payments on the Wyndham Receivable as a result of the release of any Hotel in the Wyndham Portfolio in accordance with the Wyndham Loan Documents, Borrower shall prepay the principal of the Loan in an amount equal to one Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 10 hundred fifteen percent (115%) of the applicable Wyndham Portfolio Allocated Loan Amount (minus the Wyndham Adjustment Amount, if any). (d) If any Foreclosure Subsidiary is permitted to commence an Enforcement Action against the Mortgage Loan Collateral for any Mortgage Loan as provided in Section 7.16 and Section 2.17, Borrower shall, within five (5) days of its receipt of the proceeds of a completed foreclosure proceeding with respect to such Mortgage Loan Collateral, prepay the principal of the Loan in an amount such that the amount of such principal payment, when aggregated with all previous payments of the principal of the Loan made by Borrower on account of payments of the applicable Mortgage Loan, equals one hundred fifteen percent (115%) of the original Advance made by Lender in respect of such Mortgage Loan, whereupon (i) Lender shall execute such documents and instruments as may be necessary to release such Mortgage Loan from the Liens and security interests granted pursuant to this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and (ii) such Mortgage Loan shall no longer be considered a "Mortgage Loan" for any purpose under this Agreement. (e) Subject to Section 2.17(a), if a Mortgage Loan that was an Eligible Receivable becomes an Ineligible Receivable, Borrower shall, on the sixtieth (60th) day following the delivery of the Ineligibility Notice by Lender to Borrower, prepay the principal of the Loan in an amount such that the amount of such principal payment, when aggregated with all previous payments of the principal of the Loan made by Borrower on account of payments of the applicable Mortgage Loan, equals the amount of one hundred fifteen percent (115%) of the Advance made hereunder on account of such Mortgage Loan, whereupon (i) Lender shall execute such documents and instruments as may be necessary to release such Mortgage Loan from the Liens and security interests granted pursuant to this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and (ii) such Mortgage Loan shall no longer be considered a "Mortgage Loan" for any purpose under this Agreement. (f) If Lender has prohibited the exercise of rights and remedies by any Foreclosure Subsidiary in accordance with the last sentence of Section 7.16, Borrower shall, on the thirtieth (30th) Business Day following the delivery of notice by Lender to such Foreclosure Subsidiary of such prohibition, prepay the principal of the Loan in an amount such that the amount of such principal payment, when aggregated with all previous payments of the principal of the Loan made by Borrower on account of payments of the applicable Mortgage Loan, equals the amount of the Advance made hereunder on account of such Mortgage Loan, whereupon (i) Lender shall execute such documents and instruments as may be necessary to release such Mortgage Loan from the Liens and security interests granted pursuant to this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and (ii) such Mortgage Loan shall no longer be considered a "Mortgage Loan" for any purpose under this Agreement. (g) Subject to Section 3.4, at any time and from time to time, Borrower shall have the right to release any Eligible Receivable from the Borrowing Base in connection with the transfer of such Eligible Receivable to any Person (including, without limitation, an Affiliate of Borrower) by prepaying the principal of the Loan in an amount such that the amount of such principal prepayment, when aggregated with all previous payments of the principal of the Loan made by Borrower on account of payments of the principal of the applicable Eligible Receivable pursuant to Section 2.8(c)(i), equals one hundred fifteen percent (115%) of the original Advance Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 11 made by Lender in respect of such Mortgage Loan, whereupon (i) Lender shall execute such documents and instruments as may be necessary to release such Mortgage Loan from the Liens and security interests granted pursuant to this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, and (ii) such Eligible Receivable shall no longer be considered a "Mortgage Loan" under this Agreement; provided, that in no event will Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary complete a foreclosure, accept a deed in lieu of foreclosure or in any other way acquire title to any Mortgage Loan Collateral prior to making such payment and receiving such release from Lender. (h) Borrower shall have the right, at its option, to make a voluntary prepayment of the Loan in order to cure its non-compliance with Section 6.14(d) so long as such prepayment is made within five (5) days of notice of such non-compliance by Lender. If such prepayment of the Loan is made pursuant to this Section 2.8(h), Borrower may, at its option, reduce the Commitment in an amount equal to such prepayment upon written notice to Lender, and upon Lender's receipt of such notice, the Commitment (and Facility Cap) shall be reduced by the amount of such prepayment. (i) If the Mortgage Loan in respect of the Wyndham Receivable or the Adam's Mark Hotel in Denver, Colorado becomes an Ineligible Receivable, Borrower may, at its option, on or prior to the ninetieth (90th) day following the delivery of the Ineligibility Notice by Lender to Borrower, voluntarily prepay in full in cash all Obligations (other than indemnity obligations under the Loan Documents that are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then pending) in accordance with the terms and conditions of Section 11.1. (j) If a Mortgage Loan that was an Eligible Receivable becomes an Ineligible Receivable and Lender has waived the mandatory prepayment in Section 2.8(e) in accordance with Section 2.17, in the event any Affiliate of Borrower acquires the related senior loan collateral at any foreclosure proceeding in respect thereof, and by doing so causes the value of the Mortgage Loan Collateral to become less than the Allocated Loan Amount for that Mortgage Loan, Borrower shall prepay the Loan and all other Obligations (other than indemnity obligations under the Loan Documents that are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then pending) in full in cash on the date of such acquisition together with accrued interest thereon to the date of prepayment and all other amounts owing to Lender under the Loan Documents. (k) Mandatory or optional prepayments pursuant to subsections (b) through (h) of this Section 2.8 during the Revolving Period shall not result in any permanent reduction in the Facility Cap or Lender's Commitment, except to the extent permitted pursuant to Section 2.8(h). (l) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 2.8, in the event Borrower would incur costs pursuant to Section 2.3(h) as a result of any payment due pursuant to this Section 2.8, Borrower, at its option, may deposit the amount of such payment with Lender in a cash collateral account until the end of the applicable Interest Period. Borrower hereby grants to Lender a security interest in all such amounts which are from time to time on deposit in such cash collateral account and expressly waives all rights (which rights Borrower Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 12 hereby acknowledges and agrees are vested exclusively in Lender) to exercise dominion or control over any such amounts or such cash collateral account. 2.9 PAYMENTS BY LENDER (a) Should any amount required to be paid under any Loan Document be unpaid beyond any applicable cure period, such amount may be paid by Lender, which payment shall be deemed a request for an Advance under the Loan as of the date such payment is due, and Borrower irrevocably authorizes disbursement of any such funds to Lender, by way of direct payment of the relevant amount, interest or Obligations without necessity of any demand in accordance with Section 2.6 whether or not a Default or Event of Default has occurred or is continuing. No payment or prepayment of any amount by Lender or any other Person shall entitle any Person to be subrogated to the rights of Lender under any Loan Document unless and until the Obligations (other than indemnity obligations under the Loan Documents that are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then pending) have been fully performed and paid indefeasibly in cash and this Agreement has been terminated. Any sums expended or amounts paid by Lender as a result of any Credit Party's failure to pay, perform or comply with any Loan Document or any of the Obligations may be charged to Borrower's account as an Advance under the Loan and added to the Obligations. (b) Lender shall disburse monthly, to the extent that there are funds available in any Blocked Account to make any interest and/or principal payment on the Loan when due, funds from any Blocked Account or in satisfaction of such payment. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 2.9(b), in no event shall Lender have any obligation to make any such disbursement out of any Blocked Account during the continuance of an Event of Default. Use of any Blocked Account shall in no way waive or otherwise modify any of Borrower's Obligations hereunder, or under the Note or any other Loan Document, including, without limitation, the obligation to make monthly interest, and when applicable principal payments. 2.10 GRANT OF SECURITY INTEREST; COLLATERAL (a) To secure the payment and performance of the Obligations, each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary hereby grants to Lender, a valid, perfected and continuing first priority security interest in and Lien upon, and pledges to Lender, all of its right, title and interest in, to and upon the following property and interests in property of such Person whether now owned or hereafter acquired: (i) all tangible personal property, including without limitation all present and future Goods, Inventory and Equipment (including items of Equipment which are or become Fixtures), Computer Hardware and Software, now owned or hereafter acquired and all real property, including leasehold interests, now owned or hereafter acquired; (ii) all intangible personal property, including, without limitation, all present and future Accounts, Contract Rights, Permits, General Intangibles, customer lists, Chattel Paper, Investment Property (except if obtained using amounts on deposit in the Residual Proceeds Account), Intellectual Property, Documents, Instruments, Deposit Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 13 Accounts (except the Residual Proceeds Account), Letter-of-Credit Rights and Supporting Obligations, rights to the payment of money or other forms of consideration of any kind, tax refunds, insurance proceeds (including, without limitation, proceeds of any life insurance policy), and all other intangible and tangible personal property relating to or arising out of any of the foregoing, including, but not limited to, the following: (A) The Mortgage Loan Documents and Mortgage Loans; (B) All other property whether now or hereafter owned, acquired or held by such Person which secures (or constitutes collateral for) any of the Mortgage Loan Documents or other instruments or agreements which evidence any of the Mortgage Loans, including without limitation, all right, title and interest in and to all financing statements perfecting such security interests in any of the foregoing; (C) All financing statements perfecting the security interests of any of the foregoing; (D) All Supporting Obligations in respect of the Mortgage Loans; (E) All right, title and interest of such Person in and to all insurance policies pertaining to or obtained by any Account Debtor or such Person in connection with, or arising out of, any Mortgage Loan Document; (F) All right, title and interest of such Person in and to all commitments and other agreements to purchase any Mortgage Loans; (G) All right, title and interest of such Person in and to all collections on, and proceeds of or from, any and all of the foregoing (collectively, "COLLECTIONS"); (H) All files, surveys, certificates, correspondence, appraisals, computer programs, software, tapes, discs, cards, accounting records, and other records, information, and data of such Person relating to the Mortgage Loans (including all information, data, programs, tapes, discs and cards necessary to administer and service such Mortgage Loans); (I) All now existing or hereafter arising rights to service, administer and/or collect Mortgage Loans and all rights to the payment of money on account of such servicing, administration and/or collection activities; and (J) All contract rights, accounts, rights to payment of money, and general intangibles, relating to such documents and contracts described in (A) through (I) above and as to all such Collateral described in (A) through this subparagraph (J) whether now existing or hereafter at any time acquired or arising; and Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 14 (iii) any and all additions to any of the foregoing, and any and all replacements, products and proceeds (including insurance proceeds) of any of the foregoing. (b) Borrower shall promptly notify Lender of any Commercial Tort Claims in which Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary has an interest arising after the Closing Date and shall provide all necessary information concerning each such Commercial Tort Claim and make all necessary filings with respect thereto to perfect Lender's first priority security interest therein. (c) Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary has full right and power to grant to Lender a perfected, first priority security interest and Lien on the Collateral pursuant to this Agreement, subject to the following sentence. Upon the execution and delivery of this Agreement, and upon the filing of the necessary financing statements and/or appropriate filings and/or delivery of the necessary certificates evidencing an equity interest, control and/or possession, as applicable, without any further action, Lender will have a good, valid and first priority (other than with respect to property or assets covered by Permitted Liens) perfected Lien and security interest in the Collateral, subject to no transfer or other restrictions or Liens of any kind in favor of any other Person, except for Permitted Liens. No financing statement relating to any of the Collateral is on file in any public office except those on behalf of Lender. Borrower is not party to any agreement, document or instrument that conflicts with this Section 2.10. (d) It is acknowledged and agreed that the Collateral shall not include the Residual Proceeds Account or any sums held therein or Investment Property acquired with any such sums or any of Borrower's rights thereto. Borrower shall have the unfettered right at any time to withdraw sums from the Residual Proceeds Account. 2.11 COLLATERAL ADMINISTRATION (a) All Collateral (except Deposit Accounts and Collateral in the possession of Custodian) will at all times be kept by Borrower at the locations set forth on Schedule 5.18B hereto, and shall not, without thirty (30) calendar days prior written notice to Lender, be moved therefrom other than to another such location, and in any case shall not be moved outside the continental United States. Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary hereby agrees to deliver to the Custodian, the Custodian Deliverables promptly but in any event within five (5) Business Days of any Advance made in respect of the underlying Account. All Accounts shall, regardless of their location, be deemed to be under Lender's dominion and control and deemed to be in Lender's possession. Any of Lender's officers, employees, representatives or agents shall have the right upon reasonable notice, at any time during normal business hours, in the name of Lender, or any designee of Lender or Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary, to verify the validity, amount or any other matter relating to the Collateral. Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary shall cooperate fully with Lender in an effort to facilitate and promptly conclude such verification process. Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary shall endeavor in the first instance to make collection of its respective Accounts for Lender. (b) As and when determined by Lender in its sole discretion, Lender will perform the searches described in clauses (i) and (ii) below against each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary: (i) UCC searches with the Secretary of State and local filing offices of Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 15 each jurisdiction where such Person is organized and/or maintains its executive offices, a place of business or assets; and (ii) judgment, federal tax lien and corporate and partnership tax lien searches, in each jurisdiction searched under clause (i) above. (c) Upon Lender's request, each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary shall promptly deliver to Lender or Custodian all items for which Lender must receive possession to obtain a perfected Lien and security interest and all notes, certificates, and documents of title, Chattel Paper, warehouse receipts, Instruments, and any other similar Instruments constituting Collateral, in each case to the extent not already in possession of Lender or Custodian, or in the case of a participation interest, in possession of the participating lender. (d) Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary shall keep accurate and complete records of the Collateral and all payments and collections thereon and shall submit such records to Lender on such periodic bases as Lender may request in its sole discretion. If requested by Lender upon or at any time after the occurrence and during the continuation of an Event of Default, each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary shall execute and deliver to Lender, formal written assignments of all of its Accounts as Lender may request, including all Accounts created since the date of the last assignment, together with copies of claims, invoices and/or other information related thereto. To the extent that collections from such assigned Accounts exceed the amount of the outstanding Obligations, such excess amount shall not accrue interest in favor of Borrower (except as provided in the Blocked Account Agreements) but shall be available to Borrower in accordance with the terms of Section 2.16. (e) Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary (i) upon the receipt of written notice from Lender, shall provide prompt written notice to each Account Debtor that Lender has been granted a Lien on and security interest in, upon and to all Accounts payable by such Account Debtor, (ii) shall direct or shall have directed each Account Debtor to make payments to the appropriate Blocked Account to the extent required by Section 2.5, and hereby authorizes Lender, upon any failure to send such directions, to send any and all similar directions or notice to such Account Debtors, (iii) shall mark each Mortgage Loan Note or any other Mortgage Loan Document constituting Chattel Paper and in the possession of Borrower (by way of stamp or other method satisfactory to Lender) the following language: "THIS DOCUMENT IS SUBJECT TO A SECURITY INTEREST IN FAVOR OF, AND PLEDGED AS COLLATERAL TO, CAPITALSOURCE FINANCE LLC," and (iv) shall do anything further that may be lawfully required by Lender in its Permitted Discretion to secure Lender's interest, in the Collateral, and effectuate the intentions of the Loan Documents. (f) Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary hereby agrees to take the following protective actions to prevent destruction of records pertaining to such Person's Collateral: (i) if such Person maintains its Collateral records on a manual system such records shall be kept in a fire proof cabinet or on no less than a monthly basis, a record of all payments on Accounts and all other matters relating to the Collateral shall be placed in an off-site safety deposit box (and Lender shall have access to such safety deposit box); or (ii) if the Collateral records are computerized, each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary agrees to create a tape or diskette "back-up" of the computerized information and to provide Lender with a tape or diskette copy of such "back-up" information (A) prior to the Initial Advance and (B) on the first day of each month following the Initial Advance. Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 16 (g) Within two (2) Business Days after the payment in full of an Eligible Receivable, Borrower shall give written notification to Lender and Custodian of such payment in full using the form annexed hereto as Exhibit B. 2.12 POWER OF ATTORNEY Lender is hereby irrevocably made, constituted and appointed the true and lawful attorney for Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary (without requiring Lender to act as such) with full power of substitution to do the following: (i) endorse the name of any such Person upon any and all checks, drafts, money orders and other instruments for the payment of money that are payable to such Person and constitute collections on such Person's Accounts; provided, that the proceeds thereof are applied in accordance with this Agreement; (ii) execute and/or file in the name of such Person any financing statements, amendments to financing statements, schedules to financing statements, releases or terminations thereof, assignments, instruments or documents that it is obligated to give Lender under any of the Loan Documents (to the extent such Person fails to so execute and/or file any of the foregoing within two (2) Business Days of Lender's request or the time when such Person is otherwise obligated to do so); (iii) execute and/or file in the name of such Person assignments, instruments, documents, schedules and statements that it is obligated to give Lender under any of the Loan Documents (to the extent such Person fails to so execute and/or file any of the foregoing within two (2) Business Days of Lender's request or the time when such Person is otherwise obligated to do so); and (iv) do such other and further acts and deeds in the name of such Person that Lender may deem necessary to enforce, make, create, maintain, continue, enforce or perfect Lender's security interest, Lien or rights in any Collateral. In addition, if either Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary breaches its obligation hereunder to direct payments of Accounts or the proceeds of any other Collateral to the appropriate account, Lender, as the irrevocably made, constituted and appointed true and lawful attorney for such Person pursuant to this paragraph, may, by the signature or other act of any of Lender's officers or authorized signatories (without requiring any of them to do so), direct any federal, state or private payor or fiscal intermediary to pay proceeds of Accounts or any other Collateral to the appropriate Blocked Account. 2.13 NOTES Upon Lender's request, and in any event within three (3) Business Days of any such request, Borrower shall execute and deliver to Lender new Notes and/or split or divide the Notes in exchange for then existing Notes (which Notes shall then be submitted to Borrower for cancellation) in such smaller amounts or denominations as Lender shall specify in its sole and absolute discretion; provided, that the aggregate principal amount of such new Notes does not exceed the aggregate principal amount of the Notes outstanding at the time such request is made, and the interest rate, rights to prepay, maturity dates, and all other terms and conditions of such new Notes are in accordance with the interest rate, rights to prepay, maturity dates, and all other terms and conditions of the original Notes delivered by Borrower hereunder. 2.14 REPLACEMENT OF LOST NOTES Upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to Borrower of the mutilation, destruction, loss or theft of any Notes and the ownership thereof, Borrower shall, upon the Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 17 written request of the holder of such Notes, execute and deliver in replacement thereof new Notes in the same form, in the same original principal amount and dated the same date as the Notes so mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen; and such Notes so mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen shall then be deemed no longer outstanding hereunder. If the Notes being replaced have been mutilated, they shall be surrendered to Borrower after Lender's receipt of the replacement Notes; and if such replaced Notes have been destroyed, lost or stolen, such holder shall furnish Borrower with an indemnity in writing reasonably acceptable to Borrower to save them harmless in respect of such replaced Note. 2.15 RIGHT OF FIRST LOOK If, at any time during the Term or at any time thereafter when any Obligation is outstanding, Borrower shall have obtained any bona fide third-party proposal (the "THIRD-PARTY OFFER") for the financing or refinancing of the Loan which Borrower intends to accept, Borrower shall, in writing, promptly inform Lender (such writing to Lender is referred to herein as the "FIRST LOOK OFFER") of such Third-Party Offer and the terms and conditions of such Third-Party Offer (and shall attach a copy of such Third-Party Offer to such First Look Offer). Lender shall have the opportunity to, within ten (10) days after the receipt of such First Look Offer, deliver a writing to Borrower stating the specific terms and conditions that Lender would be willing to consider extending such financing, which terms shall be the same or better than the terms of financing under such Third-Party Offer (as such terms were communicated to Lender by Borrower). Borrower shall have the right to accept or reject in its discretion any such proposal from Lender. 2.16 DISTRIBUTION OF PROCEEDS Absent an Event of Default, all proceeds of the Collateral (including without limitation, funds held in any Blocked Account) to the extent permitted pursuant to Section 2.3(a) received by Lender or deposited into the Concentration Account under this Agreement shall be applied monthly on the fifth (5) Business Day of each month according to the following prioritization: First, to the payment of all fees and expenses due to Lender hereunder and all accrued but unpaid interest on the Loan on the date due; Second, to the payment of all protective advances made by Lender; Third, to the payment of principal of the Loans then due and owing; and Fourth, any excess shall be paid into the Residual Proceeds Account. 2.17 PROCEDURE FOR INELIGIBLE RECEIVABLES; BID COMMITMENT (a) To the extent any Eligible Receivable becomes an Ineligible Receivable, Borrower shall make a mandatory prepayment in accordance with Section 2.8(e); provided, that notwithstanding the foregoing and anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, Lender may, at its option and in its sole discretion, waive such mandatory prepayment by Borrower and allow such Ineligible Receivable to remain in the Borrowing Base. In the event Lender waives Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 18 such mandatory prepayment, (i) the applicable Foreclosure Subsidiary must be actively and diligently pursuing its rights and remedies pursuant to the applicable Mortgage Loan Documents, including without limitation, the commencement and completion of foreclosure proceedings resulting in the sale of such Mortgage Loan Collateral in respect of the applicable Mortgage Loan Collateral within six (6) months of the date of the Ineligibility Notice, (ii) such Foreclosure Subsidiary shall have cured all monetary events of default under the senior loan related to such Mortgage Loan, after giving effect to any applicable grace period under the applicable Intercreditor Agreement, (iii) the senior lender in respect of such Mortgage Loan shall not have commenced an Enforcement Action under the applicable senior loan documents (as if the references in the definition of the term "Enforcement Action" to "Mortgage Loan", "Mortgage Loan Collateral" and "Mortgage Loan Documents" were to mean and refer to such senior loan, the collateral therefor and the documents evidencing and securing the same), (iv) such Foreclosure Subsidiary shall be in full compliance with all covenants and obligations under the related Mortgage Loan Documents and Intercreditor Agreements, and (v) within sixty (60) days of Receipt by Borrower of the Ineligibility Notice, Borrower shall have delivered to Lender, the Cash Reserve in respect of such Mortgage Loan. The Cash Reserve shall be made available to Borrower on a monthly basis to reimburse Borrower for legal, administrative and other costs related to such foreclosure either set forth in a foreclosure budget approved by Lender in its Permitted Discretion or otherwise approved by Lender in its Permitted Discretion, and expended by Borrower or such Foreclosure Subsidiary in the exercise of such Person's rights or remedies in respect of such Mortgage Loan or to cure any defaults under the applicable Mortgage Loan Documents or Intercreditor Agreements. Lender agrees to invest the Cash Reserve in investments which yield no less than one percent (1%) per annum. All such investments shall be at the risk of Borrower and Lender shall not be liable to any person or entity with respect to any loss with respect to such investments in the absence of Lender's gross negligence or willful misconduct. All income from such investments shall be taxable to Borrower, and Borrower shall pay when due such taxes on such income. Borrower hereby grants to Lender a security interest in all such amounts which are from time to time held as a Cash Reserve and expressly waives all rights (which rights Borrower hereby acknowledges and agrees are vested exclusively in Lender) to exercise dominion or control over any such amounts or the Cash Reserve. (b) Commencing November 1, 2004, and on the last day of each calendar quarter occurring thereafter until the Maturity Date, Lender shall have the right, in its sole discretion, to declare that the Northland Conference Center is an Ineligible Receivable if there has occurred a Material Adverse Change in respect of the Northland Conference Center. In the event Lender has declared the Northland Conference Center to be an Ineligible Receivable, Borrower shall make a mandatory prepayment in respect of the Northland Conference Center in accordance with Section 2.8(e). (c) To the extent the Northland Conference Center becomes an Ineligible Receivable and Lender has allowed it to remain in the Borrowing Base and waived the mandatory prepayment under Section 2.8(e) in accordance with the terms and conditions of Section 2.17(a) above, subject to the conditions specified in Section 2.17(d), Lender agrees to make an Advance to Borrower, in an amount equal to one hundred percent (100%) of the bid made by the applicable Foreclosure Subsidiary for the related senior loan collateral at any foreclosure sale (the "BID COMMITMENT AMOUNT"). Such Advance in the amount of the Bid Commitment Amount will be made available to Borrower within five (5) Business Days of Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 19 satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 2.17(d). Upon the making of such Advance by Lender, the Facility Cap and Lender's Commitment shall automatically be increased by an amount equal to the Bid Commitment Amount. (d) The obligations of Lender to make an Advance in respect of the Bid Commitment Amount shall be subject to the satisfaction, in the sole judgment of Lender, of the following conditions precedent: (i) Satisfaction of the conditions precedent set forth in Section 4.2; (ii) Borrower's delivery to Lender of evidence, satisfactory to Lender in its sole discretion, that neither Borrower nor such Foreclosure Subsidiary is able to obtain cash proceeds, whether pursuant to an equity or debt financing or otherwise, in an amount necessary to support such bid; (iii) Lender's approval of the terms and conditions of such bid; and (iv) Such Foreclosure Subsidiary's compliance with Section 6.12, including without limitation, execution and delivery to Lender of a mortgage on the related Hotel. (e) Borrower shall use the proceeds of any Advance made in respect of the Bid Commitment Amount to make an immediate capital contribution to the applicable Foreclosure Subsidiary, and such Foreclosure Subsidiary shall use the proceeds of such Advance to pay the applicable bid. (f) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, if either of the Mortgage Loans for the Northland Conference Center or Hilton Times Square becomes an Ineligible Receivable, Borrower shall have the right to exercise its right set forth in Section 2.8(g) to release such Mortgage Loan(s) as Collateral irrespective of the fact that such Mortgage Loan is an Ineligible Receivable (provided, that no other Event of Default would result therefrom), and upon the full payment of all sums due in connection with such release, and compliance with all other terms relating thereto as set forth in Section 2.8(g) Borrower and Lender shall be restored to their respective positions. 2.18 LENDER AS A QUALIFIED TRANSFEREE Lender hereby represents and warrants that as the date hereof, and based solely upon Lender's review of the Intercreditor Agreements and Lender's Form 10-Q filed on May 13, 2004, Lender is a Qualified Transferee, Eligible Transferee or Qualified Institutional Lender, as applicable (each as defined in each of the applicable Intercreditor Agreements). Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 20 III. FEES AND OTHER CHARGES 3.1 COMMITMENT FEE On or before the Closing Date, Borrower shall pay to Lender a fully earned and nonrefundable commitment fee equal to Two Hundred Twenty-Four Thousand Dollars ($224,000). 3.2 UNUSED LINE FEE Borrower shall pay to Lender an unused line fee (the "UNUSED LINE FEE") commencing on January 13, 2005 for so long as the Revolving Period remains in effect, in an amount equal to one-half percent (0.5%) (per annum) of the difference derived by subtracting (a) the daily average amount of the Advances outstanding during the preceding month, from (b) the Facility Cap minus the Interest Reserve. The Unused Line Fee shall be payable monthly in arrears on the first day of each successive calendar month. 3.3 FUNDING FEES From and after the Closing Date, Borrower shall pay to Lender a funding fee (the "INITIAL FUNDING FEE") of One Hundred Eighty-Seven Thousand Five Hundred Dollars ($187,500) which shall be paid in installments by Lender's deduction from each Advance of an amount equal to one-half percent (0.5%) of such Advance prior to disbursement of such Advance to Borrower. Each such installment shall be applied by Lender toward payment of the unpaid Initial Funding Fee until such time as the Initial Funding Fee has been paid in full; provided, that notwithstanding the foregoing or anything else contained in this Agreement to the contrary, the Initial Funding Fee shall be paid in full on or before July 13, 2005, and to the extent the Initial Funding Fee has not been paid in full by July 13, 2005, Borrower shall immediately pay to Lender the unpaid Initial Funding Fee. From and after payment in full of the Initial Funding Fee, Borrower shall pay to Lender a funding fee (the "SECONDARY FUNDING FEE") in an amount equal to one-quarter percent (0.25%) of each Advance which shall be deducted by Lender from such Advance prior to disbursement of such Advance to Borrower. The Initial Funding Fees and the Secondary Funding Fees are non-refundable. 3.4 LOCKOUT; EARLY TERMINATION FEES Borrower shall have no right to voluntarily prepay the Loan before July 13, 2005 unless such voluntary prepayment is made pursuant to Sections 2.8(h) or 2.8(i). If (a) Borrower terminates this Agreement under Section 11.1 hereof, (b) Lender demands or accelerates the Obligations, or Borrower is otherwise required to make payment in full of the Loan, (c) a Change of Control occurs, and/or final payment of all outstanding Obligations pursuant to Section 2.8 occurs or is required to occur as a result thereof, (d) any other termination of this Agreement and/or final prepayment (in full or in part) of the Loan or the Obligations occurs, whether by virtue of Lender's exercising its right of set-off or otherwise, or (e) any automatic acceleration of the Loan or the Obligations or cessation of lending on account of or during a bankruptcy, reorganization or other proceeding or liquidation or pursuant to any Debtor Relief Law (each, a "TERMINATION"), then, at the effective date of any such Termination, Borrower shall pay Lender (in addition to the then outstanding principal, accrued interest and other Obligations owing Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 21 pursuant to the terms of this Agreement and any other Loan Document), as yield maintenance for the loss of bargain and not as a penalty, an amount equal to the applicable Termination Fee (if any); provided, however, that no Termination Fee shall be payable in respect of prepayments made in accordance with Section 2.7(a), 2.8(b), 2.8(c), 2.8(d), 2.8(e), 2.8(f) or 2.8(i) (unless the circumstances giving rise to any such mandatory prepayment also constitute a Change of Control). If a mandatory prepayment of the Loan is made pursuant to Section 2.8(c) because a Mortgage Loan has been paid in full by the underlying Account Debtor, Borrower may reduce the Commitment in an amount equal to such mandatory prepayment upon written notice to Lender and payment to Lender of a commitment reduction fee in the amount of one percent (1%) of the amount of the Allocated Loan Amount for such Mortgage Loan (if the effective date of such reduction is after July 13, 2005, but before April 13, 2006) and zero thereafter. Upon Lender's receipt of such commitment reduction fee, the Commitment (and Facility Cap) shall be reduced by such amount. 3.5 COMPUTATION OF FEES; LAWFUL LIMITS All fees hereunder shall be computed on the basis of a year of 360 days and for the actual number of days elapsed in each calculation period, as applicable. In no contingency or event whatsoever, whether by reason of acceleration or otherwise, shall the interest and other charges paid or agreed to be paid to Lender for the use, forbearance or detention of money hereunder exceed the maximum rate permissible under applicable law which a court of competent jurisdiction shall, in a final determination, deem applicable hereto (the "MAXIMUM RATE"). If, due to any circumstance whatsoever, fulfillment of any provision hereof, at the time performance of such provision shall be due, shall exceed any such limit, then, the obligation to be so fulfilled shall be reduced to such lawful limit, and, if Lender shall have received interest or any other charges of any kind which might be deemed to be interest under applicable law in excess of the Maximum Rate, then such excess shall be applied first to any unpaid fees and charges hereunder, then to unpaid principal balance owed by Borrower hereunder, and if the then remaining excess interest is greater than the previously unpaid principal balance, Lender shall promptly refund such excess amount to Borrower and the provisions hereof shall be deemed amended to provide for such permissible rate. The terms and provisions of this Section 3.5 shall control to the extent any other provision of any Loan Document is inconsistent herewith. 3.6 DEFAULT RATE OF INTEREST Upon the occurrence and during the continuation of an Event of Default, the Applicable Rate of interest then in effect at such time with respect to the Obligations shall be increased by five percent (5.0%) per annum (the "DEFAULT RATE"). Interest at the Default Rate shall accrue from the initial date of such Event of Default until such Event of Default is waived or ceases to continue, and shall be payable upon demand. 3.7 EXTENSION FEE To the extent the conditions set forth in Sections 2.2(c) have been satisfied and Lender has agreed to the extension contemplated thereby, Borrower shall pay to Lender an extension fee (the "EXTENSION FEE") in an amount equal to one-half percent (0.5%) (per annum) of the Facility Cap. The Extension Fee shall be due and payable upon the extension of the Revolving Period as provided in Section 2.2(c). Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 22 3.8 ELIGIBLE RECEIVABLE FINANCING FEES In the event Borrower receives any financing fees, including without limitation, commitment fees, funding fees and origination fees, on any Mortgage Loan in an amount in excess of two percent (2%) of the original principal amount of such Mortgage Loan, Borrower shall pay to Lender fifty percent (50%) of the amount of such excess within five (5) days of Borrower's receipt of such fees. IV. CONDITIONS PRECEDENT 4.1 CONDITIONS TO INITIAL ADVANCE AND CLOSING The obligations of Lender to consummate the transactions contemplated herein and the obligations of the Lender to make the initial advance under the Loan (the "INITIAL ADVANCE"), is subject to the satisfaction (or waiver), in the sole judgment of Lender, of the following: (a) (i) Borrower shall have delivered to Lender (A) the Loan Documents to which it is a party, each duly executed by an authorized officer of Borrower and the other parties thereto, and (B) a Borrowing Certificate for the Initial Advance, executed by an authorized officer of Borrower, and (ii) each other Credit Party shall have delivered to Lender the Loan Documents to which it is a party, each duly executed and delivered by such Credit Party and the other parties thereto; (b) all in form and substance satisfactory to Lender in its sole discretion, Lender shall have received (i) a report of UCC financing statement, tax and judgment lien searches performed with respect to Borrower and each Account Debtor under a Mortgage Loan in each jurisdiction determined by Lender in its sole discretion, and such report shall show no Liens on the Collateral (other than Permitted Liens and Liens to be terminated at Closing), (ii) each document (including, without limitation, any UCC financing statement) required by any Loan Document or under law or requested by Lender to be filed, registered or recorded to create, in favor of Lender, a first priority and perfected security interest upon the Collateral, and (iii) evidence of each such filing, registration or recordation and of the payment by any Borrower of any necessary fee, tax or expense relating thereto; (c) Lender shall have received (i) the Charter and Good Standing Documents of each Credit Party, all in form and substance acceptable to Lender in its sole discretion, (ii) a certificate of the corporate secretary or assistant secretary of each Credit Party in his or her capacity as such and not in his or her individual capacity dated the Closing Date, as to the incumbency and signature of the Persons executing the Loan Documents on behalf of such Credit Party in form and substance acceptable to Lender in its sole discretion, (iii) the written legal opinions of counsel and/or special counsel for Credit Parties, if any, in each case in form and substance satisfactory to Lender in its sole discretion and its counsel and usual and customary for transactions of this type which shall include, without limitation, a non-consolidation opinion with respect to Borrower and its general partner and a "true sale" opinion with respect to Borrower, and (iv) a certificate executed by an authorized officer of Borrower, and on behalf of Borrower (and not in such officer's individual capacity) which shall constitute a Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 23 representation and warranty by Borrower as of the Closing Date and the Borrowing Date for the Initial Advance that the conditions contained in this Agreement (including those in Section 4.2(b) and (c)) have been satisfied; (d) Lender shall have received a certificate of the chief financial officer (or, in the absence of a chief financial officer, the chief executive officer) of Ashford and its Subsidiaries, in his or her capacity, as such and not in his or her individual capacity in form and substance satisfactory to Lender in its sole discretion (a "SOLVENCY CERTIFICATE"), certifying (i) the solvency of Ashford and its Subsidiaries after giving effect to the transactions and the Indebtedness contemplated by the Loan Documents, and (ii) as to Ashford and its Subsidiaries' financial resources and anticipated ability to meet their respective obligations and liabilities as they become due, to the effect that as of the Closing Date and the Borrowing Date for the Initial Advance, and after giving effect to such transaction and Indebtedness: (A) the assets of Ashford and its Subsidiaries, at a Fair Valuation, exceed the total liabilities (including contingent, subordinated, unmatured and unliquidated liabilities) of Ashford and its Subsidiaries, and (B) no unreasonably small capital base with which to engage in their anticipated business exists with respect to Ashford and its Subsidiaries; (e) Lender shall have completed examinations, the results of which shall be satisfactory in form and substance to Lender, of the Borrower, including, without limitation, (i) an examination of (A) the terms and conditions of all obligations owed by Borrower and Guarantors deemed material by Lender, the results of which shall be satisfactory in form and substance to Lender and (B) customer reference checks and calls, credit checks, and background checks with respect to the relevant key management and principals of Borrower and Guarantors; (ii) an examination of the Collateral, the financial statements and the books, records, business, obligations, financial condition and operational state of the Borrower and Guarantors, and (x) Borrower and Guarantors shall have demonstrated to Lender's satisfaction, in its sole discretion, that operations comply, in all respects deemed material by Lender, in its sole discretion, with all applicable federal, state, foreign and local laws, statutes and regulations, (y) Borrower and Guarantors shall have demonstrated to Lender's satisfaction, in its sole discretion, that operations are not the subject of any governmental investigation, evaluation or any remedial action which could result in any expenditure or liability deemed material by Lender, in its sole discretion, and (z) Borrower shall have demonstrated to Lender's satisfaction, in its sole discretion, that it has no liabilities or obligations (whether contingent or otherwise) that are deemed material by Lender, in its sole discretion; (f) Lender shall have received (or is satisfied that it will receive simultaneously with the funding of the Initial Advance) all fees, charges and expenses due and payable to Lender on or prior to the Closing Date pursuant to the Loan Documents; (g) all in form and substance satisfactory to Lender, in its sole discretion, Lender shall have received (i) such consents, approvals and agreements from such third parties as Lender and its counsel shall determine in their sole discretion are necessary or desirable with respect to (A) the Loan Documents and/or the transactions contemplated thereby, (B) claims against any Credit Party or the Collateral, and/or (C) agreements, documents or instruments to which any Credit Party is a party or by which any of its properties or assets are bound or subject and (ii) estoppel certificates and notice andacknowledgements from the senior lender under each Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 24 Intercreditor Agreement which provides for delivery of an estoppel certificate and notice and acknowledgment upon Borrower's request; (h) Borrower shall be in compliance with Section 7.7 and Section 6.5, and Lender shall have received original certificates of all such required insurance policies and confirming that they are in effect and that the premiums due and owing with respect thereto have been paid in full and naming only Lender, as loss payee and additional insured, as appropriate; (i) all corporate and other proceedings, documents, instruments and other legal matters in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents (including, but not limited to, those relating to corporate and capital structures of the Credit Parties and the transfer of the Mortgage Loans and Mortgage Loan Documents to Borrower) shall be satisfactory to Lender in its sole discretion; (j) no default (after any applicable grace or cure period has expired or been cancelled) shall exist pursuant to any obligations of any Credit Party, if any, under any material contract, and each Credit Party shall be in compliance with applicable laws, and there shall exist no fact, condition or circumstance which, with the passage of time, the giving of notice or both, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; (k) no Credit Party, or, principal or key management personnel of any Credit Party shall have been indicted or is under active investigation by a U.S. Attorney for a felony crime; (l) Borrower shall have established the Blocked Account pursuant to Section 2.5; (m) Lender shall have received copies of all Permits required for Borrower to conduct the business in which it is currently engaged or is contemplated pursuant to the Loan Documents, the absence of which could reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect; (n) Lender shall have received evidence of release and termination of, or Lender's authority to release and terminate, any and all Liens and/or UCC financing statements in, on, against or with respect to any of the Collateral (other than Permitted Liens); (o) there shall not have occurred any Material Adverse Change or Material Adverse Effect from that which was reflected on the annual financial statement for Ashford dated December 31, 2003, or the quarterly financial statement for Ashford dated March 31, 2004, each as filed with the Securities Exchange Commission or reflected in other securities filings made by Ashford with the Securities Exchange Commission through July 12, 2004 or any liabilities or obligations of any nature with respect to any Credit Party which could reasonably be likely to have a Material Adverse Effect; (p) The Custodian shall have received the Custodian Deliverables with respect to each Account; Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 25 (q) Lender shall have received evidence of Borrower's authority and licensing to provide the Mortgage Loans, if any; (r) Lender shall have received the Custodial Agreement, duly executed by all parties thereto; (s) The principal amount of the Initial Advance shall not be less than Eighteen Million Seven Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($18,750,000); and (t) Lender shall have received such other documents and items as Lender deems necessary, in its sole discretion. 4.2 CONDITIONS TO EACH ADVANCE The obligations of Lender to make any Advance under the Loan (including, without limitation, the Initial Advance) are subject to the satisfaction, in the sole judgment of Lender, of the following additional conditions precedent: (a) Borrower shall have delivered to Lender, a Borrowing Certificate for the Advance with necessary supporting documentation and executed by an authorized officer of Borrower on behalf of the Borrower (and not in his or her individual capacity), which shall constitute a representation and warranty by Borrower as of the Borrowing Date that the conditions contained in this Section 4.2, have been satisfied; provided, however, that any determination as to whether the conditions to the funding of Advances or extensions of credit have been satisfied shall be made by Lender in its sole discretion; (b) each of the representations and warranties made by the Credit Parties in or pursuant to the Loan Documents shall be accurate before and after giving effect to the making of such Advance (except for those representations and warranties made as of a specific date), and no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred or be continuing or would exist after giving effect to the requested Advance on such date; provided, that Borrower may update the Schedules upon the occurrence of a factual change which is not adverse to Lender, as determined by Lender in its Permitted Discretion; (c) immediately after giving effect to the requested Advance, the aggregate outstanding principal amount of Advances under the Loan shall not exceed the lesser of the (i) Facility Cap minus the Interest Reserve and (ii) Availability; (d) Lender shall have received all fees, charges and expenses payable to Lender on or prior to such date pursuant to the Loan Documents; (e) Borrower shall have delivered to Lender the Funding Items, not less than ten (10) Business Days prior to the date of the requested Advance required by Lender, for approval by Lender, which approval shall be granted by Lender in its sole discretion; (f) Credit Parties shall obtain and Borrower shall deliver to Lender from time to time all required consents, approvals and agreements from such third parties as are necessary Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 26 and that are satisfactory to Lender in its sole discretion with respect to the Mortgage Loan for which such Advance is being made; (g) there shall not have occurred any Material Adverse Change; (h) The Loan-to-Cost in respect of each applicable Mortgage Loan proposed to be included in the Borrowing Base shall not exceed eighty-five percent (85%) on the date of such Advance; and (i) each Mortgage Loan shall meet each of the following criteria: (i) The Mortgage Loans shall be genuine; shall in all respects be what they purport to be; and the Mortgage Loan Documents evidencing the relevant Account Debtor's obligation to pay the Indebtedness under such Mortgage Loan shall have only one original counterpart and no other party other than Lender or the Custodian shall be in actual or constructive possession of any such original Mortgage Loan Documents; (ii) The Mortgage Loans shall represent undisputed, bona fide transactions completed in accordance with the terms and provisions contained in any documents related thereto; (iii) Borrower shall be the sole owner and holder of each Mortgage Loan and shall have good title to each Mortgage Loan; (iv) The amounts of the face value shown on any schedule of any Mortgage Loan provided to Lender shall actually and absolutely be owing to Borrower and shall not be contingent for any reason, except as set forth in the applicable Intercreditor Agreement; (v) No adverse claims, set-offs, counterclaims, defaults or disputes as to payments or liability thereon exist or have been asserted with respect thereto and Borrower has not made any agreement with any Account Debtor thereunder or any deduction therefrom; (vi) No facts, events or occurrences exist that, in any way, impair the validity or enforcement thereof or tend to reduce the amount payable thereunder from the amount of the Mortgage Loan shown on any schedule, or on all Mortgage Loan Documents delivered to Lender with respect thereto; (vii) All Account Debtors in connection with Mortgage Loans shall have had the capacity to contract at the time any contract or other document giving rise to the Account was executed and generally shall have the ability to pay their debts as they become due; (viii) No proceedings or actions shall be threatened or pending against any Account Debtor that might result in any Material Adverse Change in the Account Debtor's financial condition; Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 27 (ix) The Mortgage Loans shall not have been assigned or pledged to any Person other than Lender; (x) The Mortgage Loan Collateral shall not have been released from the Lien of the Mortgage Loan Documents, nor has the respective Account Debtor been released from its obligations under any Mortgage Loan Document, in whole or in part, except in accordance with the terms of the Mortgage Loan Documents; (xi) All requirements of applicable federal, state and local laws, and regulations thereunder, including, without limitation, usury laws or similar laws, in respect of all Mortgage Loan Documents have been complied with in all material respects; (xii) All Mortgage Loan Documents shall represent the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Account Debtor, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency and other laws (including, but not limited to principles of equity) affecting the rights of creditors; (xiii) No instrument of release or waiver shall have been executed in connection with any Mortgage Loan Document; (xiv) Except as disclosed in writing to and consented to by Lender (to the extent that such consent is required hereunder) in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, no Mortgage Loan Document shall have been amended or modified after the date on which such Account is pledged to Lender hereunder; (xv) No Mortgage Loan Document shall be subject to any right of rescission, set-off, counter-claim or defense, including the defense of usury, and no such right of rescission, set-off, counter-claim or defense shall have been asserted with respect thereto, except as disclosed to Lender in writing and as reflected in the calculation of the amount of the Mortgage Loans; (xvi) There shall be no proceeding pending for the total or partial condemnation of any of the Mortgage Loan Collateral, each Hotel shall be operated as a Hotel, in good repair and free and clear of any damage that would adversely affect the value of the Hotel and shall be lawfully used and occupied by the owner thereof and/or by tenants under Leases; (xvii) The Mortgage Loan Documents relating to each Hotel shall include representations and covenants requiring the owner of the Hotel to comply with all applicable zoning and building laws or regulations and to obtain all permits, licenses and certificates required by law or regulation with respect to the Hotel and with respect to the use and occupancy of the same, including but not limited to certificates of occupancy and fire underwriter certificates. Borrower shall not have received from the applicable Account Debtor any notification from any Governmental Authority that the Hotel is in material noncompliance with such laws or regulations, is being used, operated or occupied unlawfully or has failed to have or obtain such permits, licenses or certificates, as the case may be; Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 28 (xviii) Each Account Debtor shall be the owner and holder or lessee of the applicable Mortgage Loan Collateral and no Account Debtor shall have granted any Liens on the Mortgage Loan Collateral in favor of any Person other than Borrower except to the extent provided for in the applicable Intercreditor Agreement; and (xix) For those Hotels in which the Account Debtor holds a leasehold estate (i) the related lease shall be in full force and effect and shall not have been modified or amended in any manner except as may be permitted pursuant to the Mortgage Loan Documents, (ii) there shall be no material defaults under such lease and (iii) neither the Account Debtor nor the landlord under the lease shall have commenced any action or given or received any notice for the purpose of terminating the lease. Lender shall make all Advances under the Loan within five (5) Business Days of the satisfaction of this Section 4.2. V. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary, jointly and severally, and each other Credit Party, as to itself only (and only with respect to those representations and warranties which specifically relate to such Credit Party, as provided below), each represents and warrants as of the Closing Date and each Borrowing Date as follows: 5.1 ORGANIZATION AND AUTHORITY Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary is a limited liability company duly formed, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its state of formation. Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary (a) has all requisite power and authority to own its properties and assets (including, without limitation, the Collateral) and to carry on its business as now being conducted and as contemplated in the Loan Documents, and (b) is duly qualified to do business in the jurisdictions set forth on Schedule 5.1, which are all of the jurisdictions in which failure so to qualify could reasonably be likely to have or result in a Material Adverse Effect. Each Credit Party has all requisite power and authority (i) to execute, deliver and perform the Loan Documents to which it is a party, (ii) to consummate the transactions contemplated under the Loan Documents to which it is a party, and (iii) to grant the Liens with regard to the Collateral pursuant to the Security Documents to which it is a party. Borrower has all requisite power and authority to borrow hereunder. No Credit Party is an "investment company" registered or required to be registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or is controlled by such an "investment company." 5.2 LOAN DOCUMENTS The execution, delivery and performance by Credit Parties of the Loan Documents to which each is a party, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby, (a) have been duly authorized by all requisite action of such Credit Party and have been duly executed and delivered by or on behalf of such Credit Party; (b) do not violate any provisions of (i) any applicable law, statute, rule, regulation, ordinance or tariff, (ii) any order of any Governmental Authority binding on such Credit Party or any of its properties, or (iii) the bylaws (or any other equivalent governing agreement or document) of Borrower, or any Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 29 agreement between Borrower and its shareholders or equity owners or among any such shareholders or equity owners; (c) are not in conflict with, and do not result in a breach or default of or constitute an event of default, or an event, fact, condition or circumstance which, with notice or passage of time, or both, would constitute or result in a conflict, breach, default or event of default under, any indenture, agreement or other instrument to which such Credit Party is a party, or by which the properties or assets of such Credit Party are bound, the effect of which could reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect; (d) except as set forth herein or therein, will not result in the creation or imposition of any Lien of any nature upon any of the properties or assets of Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary, and (e) except as set forth on Schedule 5.2 and except for filings in connection with the perfection of Lender's Liens, do not require the consent, approval or authorization of, or filing, registration or qualification with, any Governmental Authority or any other Person. When executed and delivered, each of the Loan Documents to which such Credit Party is a party will constitute the legal, valid and binding obligation of such Credit Party, enforceable against such Credit Party in accordance with its terms, subject to the effect of any applicable bankruptcy, moratorium, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law affecting the enforceability of creditors' rights generally and to the effect of general principles of equity which may limit the availability of equitable remedies (whether in a proceeding at law or in equity). 5.3 SUBSIDIARIES, CAPITALIZATION AND OWNERSHIP INTERESTS Borrower has no Subsidiaries other than the Foreclosure Subsidiaries. Schedule 5.3 states the authorized and issued capitalization of Borrower, and the number and class of equity securities and/or ownership, voting or partnership interests issued and outstanding of Borrower and the beneficial and record owners thereof (including options, warrants and other rights to acquire any of the foregoing) as of the Closing Date. The outstanding equity securities and/or ownership or voting interests of Borrower have been duly authorized and validly issued and, in the case of shares of capital stock only, are fully paid and nonassessable, and each Person listed on Schedule 5.3 as of the Closing Date owns beneficially and of record all of the equity securities it is listed as owning free and clear of any Liens other than Liens created by the Loan Documents. Schedule 5.3 also lists the directors of Borrower as of the Closing Date. Except as listed on Schedule 5.3 as of the Closing Date, Borrower (i) owns no Investment Property and (ii) owns no interest in and does not participate or engage in any joint venture, partnership or similar arrangements with any Person, other than the participation interests comprising Mortgage Loans or interests to be obtained in accordance with the Intercreditor Agreements. 5.4 PROPERTIES Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary (a) is the sole owner and has good, valid and marketable title to, or a valid leasehold interest in, license of, or right to use, all of its properties and assets, including the Collateral, whether personal or real, subject to no transfer restrictions (except for provisions restricting or prohibiting assignment of leases or other contracts listed on Schedule 5.4 and restrictions on transfer set forth in the Intercreditor Agreements) or Liens of any kind except for Permitted Liens, and (b) is in compliance in all material respects with each lease or license to which it is a party or otherwise bound. Schedule 5.4 lists all real properties (and their locations) owned or leased by or to Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary, and all leases of real property covering or with respect to such Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 30 properties as of the Closing Date. The leases identified on Schedule 5.4 comprise all of the leases for real property used or otherwise related to the Business and such leases are in full force and effect. All personal property and assets of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary are in good repair, working order and condition (normal wear and tear excepted) and are suitable and adequate for the uses for which they are being used or are intended except where the failure to do so would not have a Material Adverse Effect. 5.5 OTHER AGREEMENTS Except as set forth on Schedule 5.5, no Credit Party is (a) a party to any judgment, order or decree or any agreement, document or instrument, or subject to any restriction, which would materially adversely effect its ability to execute and deliver, or perform under, any Loan Document to which it is a party or to pay the Obligations owed by it, (b) in default in the performance, observance or fulfillment of any obligation, covenant or condition contained in any agreement, document or instrument to which it is a party or to which any of its properties or assets are subject, which default, if not remedied within any applicable grace or cure period, could reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect, nor is there any event, fact, condition or circumstance which, with notice or passage of time or both, would constitute or result in a conflict, breach, default or event of default under, any of the foregoing which, if not remedied within any applicable grace or cure period could reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect, or (c) with respect to Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary only, a party or subject to any agreement, document or instrument (other than the Intercreditor Agreements and any agreements entered into in accordance with Section 6.16) with respect to, or obligation to pay any, service or management fee with respect to, the ownership, operation, leasing or performance of any of its business. Except as set forth on Schedule 5.5 and Schedule 5.16, there are no existing or proposed agreements, arrangements, understandings or transactions between Borrower and any of its officers, directors, stockholders, employees or affiliates or any member of their respective immediate families. 5.6 LITIGATION Except as expressly set forth on Schedule 5.6, (a) Borrower is not a party to any material pending or threatened action, suit, proceeding or investigation related to the Business for which coverage has been denied by Borrower's insurance company, (b) there is no pending or, to the knowledge of Borrower, threatened action, suit, proceeding or investigation involving any Credit Party or its business that could reasonably be expected to prevent or materially delay the consummation by any Credit Party of the transactions contemplated herein, (c) neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary is a party or subject to any order, writ, injunction, judgment or decree of any Governmental Authority the effect of which could reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect, (d) there is no action, suit, proceeding or investigation initiated by Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary currently pending and (e) neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary has had any existing accrued and/or unpaid Indebtedness to any Governmental Authority or any other governmental payor. Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 31 5.7 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary is in compliance in all material respects with all applicable Environmental Laws and it has not been notified of any action, suit, proceeding or investigation (a) relating in any way to non-compliance by or liability of such Person under any Environmental Laws, (b) which otherwise alleges that any of them has a liability or potential liability with respect to any Hazardous Substance or any Environmental Law, or (c) which seeks to suspend, revoke or terminate any license, permit or approval of any of them necessary for the generation, handling, storage, treatment or disposal of any Hazardous Substance. 5.8 TAX RETURNS; GOVERNMENTAL REPORTS; TAXES Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary (a) has filed all federal, state, foreign (if applicable) and local tax returns and other reports which are required by law to be filed by such Person, and (b) has paid all taxes, assessments, fees and other governmental charges, including, without limitation, payroll and other employment related taxes, in each case that are due and payable, except only for items that such Person is currently contesting in good faith. 5.9 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND REPORTS All financial statements and financial information relating to each Credit Party that have been or may hereafter be delivered to Lender by Borrower are (a) consistent with the books of account and records of such Credit Party, (b) have been prepared in accordance with GAAP, on a consistent basis throughout the indicated periods, except that the unaudited financial statements contain no footnotes or year-end adjustments, and (c) present fairly in all material respects the financial condition, assets and liabilities and results of operations of such Credit Party at the dates and for the relevant periods indicated in accordance with GAAP on a basis consistently applied. No Credit Party has any material obligations or liabilities of any kind required to be disclosed therein that are not disclosed in such audited financial statements, and since the date of the most recent financial statements submitted to Lender pursuant to Section 6.1, there has not occurred any Material Adverse Change or Material Adverse Effect or, to Borrower's knowledge, any other event or condition that could reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect. 5.10 COMPLIANCE WITH LAW; BUSINESS Except as set forth on Schedule 5.10, each Credit Party (a) is in compliance with all laws, statutes, rules, regulations, ordinances and tariffs of any Governmental Authority applicable to such Credit Party, such Credit Party's assets, the Business and/or Borrower's operations, and any laws or regulations pertaining to the Business, and (b) is not in violation of any order of any Governmental Authority or other board or tribunal, except, in the case of both (a) and (b), where noncompliance or violation could not reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect. There is no event, fact, condition or circumstance which, with notice or passage of time, or both, would constitute or result in any noncompliance with, or any violation of, any of the foregoing, in each case except where noncompliance or violation Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 32 could not reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect. No Credit Party has received any notice that any Credit Party is not in compliance in any respect with any of the requirements of any of the foregoing where noncompliance or violation could not reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect. Except as would not reasonably be expected to have or result in a Material Adverse Effect, Borrower has (i) not engaged in any non-exempt prohibited transactions as defined in Section 406 of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (the "CODE"), (ii) not failed to meet any applicable minimum funding requirement under Section 302 of ERISA with respect to any pension plan subject thereto or made any application for a funding waiver or delayed extension of any amortization period under Section 412(d) and (e) of the Code, (iii) no knowledge of any event or occurrence which would cause the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation to institute proceedings under Title IV of ERISA to terminate any of its employee benefit plans, (iv) no fiduciary responsibility under ERISA for investments with respect to any plan existing for the benefit of Persons other than its employees or former employees, or (v) not withdrawn, completely or partially, from any multi-employer pension plans so as to incur liability under Title IV of ERISA. With respect to Borrower, there exists no event described in Section 4043 of ERISA, excluding Subsections 4043(c)(2) and 4043(c)(3) thereof, for which the thirty (30) day notice period contained in the applicable regulations thereto has not been waived. Borrower has maintained in all material respects all records required to be maintained by any applicable Governmental Authority. The Borrower has not engaged, directly or indirectly, in any business other than the Business. 5.11 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY Except as set forth on Schedule 5.11, neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary owns, licenses, utilizes, and is not a party to, any patents, patent applications, registered trademarks, trademark applications, registered service marks, service mark applications, registered copyrights, domain name registrations, copyright applications, trade secrets, trade names, software (other than mass marketed, commercially available software) or licenses or other registrations or applications for registration of Intellectual Property. The items listed on Schedule 5.11 constitute all of the Intellectual Property necessary or required for the operation of the Business as of the Closing Date and each of them owns or has a valid and enforceable right to use all such Intellectual Property. All such items are in full force and effect and none are in known conflict with the rights of others. Neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary is in breach of or default of or default under the provisions of any license agreement, domain name registration or other agreement related to Intellectual Property, nor is there any event, fact, condition or circumstance which breach or default would reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect. 5.12 LICENSES AND PERMITS; LABOR Except as set forth on Schedule 5.12, each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary is in compliance with and has all Permits necessary or required by applicable law or any Governmental Authority for the operation of the Business as presently conducted and as proposed to be conducted except where noncompliance, violation or lack thereof could not reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect. All Permits necessary or required by applicable law or Governmental Authority for the operation of the Business are in Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 33 full force and effect and not in known conflict with the rights of others, except where such conflict or lack of being in full force and effect could not reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect. There is no event, fact, condition or circumstance which, with notice or passage of time or both, would constitute or result in a conflict, breach, default or event of default under, any of the foregoing in this Section 5.12, which, if not remedied within any applicable grace or cure period could reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect, and Borrower has not been involved in any labor dispute, strike, walkout or union organization which could reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect. 5.13 NO DEFAULT; SOLVENCY There does not exist any Default or Event of Default. Borrower is and, after giving effect to the transactions and the Indebtedness contemplated by the Loan Documents, will be solvent and able to meet its obligations and liabilities as they become due, and the assets of the Borrower, at a Fair Valuation, exceed the total liabilities (including contingent, subordinated, unmatured and unliquidated liabilities) of Borrower, and no unreasonably small capital base with which to engage in its anticipated business exists with respect to Borrower. 5.14 DISCLOSURE No Loan Document nor any other agreement, document, certificate, or statement furnished to Lender and prepared by or on behalf of any Credit Party in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents, nor any representation or warranty made by any Credit Party in any Loan Document, contains any untrue statement of material fact or omits to state any fact necessary to make the factual statements therein taken as a whole not materially misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was furnished. There is no fact known to either Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary which has not been disclosed to Lender in writing which could reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect. 5.15 EXISTING INDEBTEDNESS; INVESTMENTS, GUARANTEES AND CERTAIN CONTRACTS The Borrower does not (a) have any outstanding Indebtedness, except Permitted Indebtedness, or (b) own or hold any equity or long-term debt investments in, or have any outstanding advances to or any outstanding guarantees for, the obligations of, or any outstanding borrowings from, any other Person, except as permitted under Section 7.4. Borrower has performed all material obligations required pursuant to or in connection with any Permitted Indebtedness and there has occurred no breach, default or event of default under any document evidencing any such items or any fact, circumstance, condition or event which, with the giving of notice or passage of time or both, would constitute or result in a breach, default or event of default thereunder. Except for Permitted Indebtedness and actions permitted under Section 7.4, Borrower has not, directly or indirectly, made, and there does not exist, any loan, advances or guarantees to or for the benefit of any Person or agreements to assume, guarantee, endorse, contingently agree to purchase or otherwise become liable for or upon or incur any obligation of any Person. Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 34 5.16 AFFILIATED AGREEMENTS Except as set forth on Schedule 5.16, there are no existing or proposed agreements, arrangements, understandings or transactions between Borrower, on the one hand, and Borrower's officers, directors, stockholders, other equity holders, employees, or Affiliates or any members of their respective families, on the other hand. 5.17 INSURANCE As of the Closing Date, Borrower has in full force and effect such insurance policies as are listed on Schedule 5.17. 5.18 NAMES; LOCATION OF OFFICES, RECORDS AND COLLATERAL; DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS AND INVESTMENT PROPERTY During the preceding five (5) years, neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary has conducted business under or used any name (whether corporate, partnership or assumed) other than as shown on Schedule 5.18A. Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary is the sole owner of all of its names listed on Schedule 5.18A, and any and all business done and invoices issued in such names are Borrower's or such Foreclosure Subsidiary's (or any such predecessors') sales, business and invoices. Each trade name of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary represents a division or trading style of such Person. Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary maintains places of business and chief executive offices only at the locations set forth on Schedule 5.18B or, after the Closing Date, as additionally disclosed to Lender in writing in accordance with Section 7.4, and all Accounts of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary arise, originate and are located, and all of the Collateral and all of Borrower's and such Foreclosure Subsidiary's books and records in connection therewith or in any way relating thereto or evidencing the Collateral are located and shall be only, in and at such locations (other than (i) Deposit Accounts and (ii) Collateral in the possession of Lender or the Custodian). All of the Collateral is located only in the continental United States. Schedule 5.18C lists all of Borrower's Deposit Accounts and Investment Property as of the Closing Date. 5.19 NON-SUBORDINATION The Obligations are not subordinated in any way to any other obligations of the Credit Parties or to the rights of any other Person. 5.20 LEGAL INVESTMENTS; USE OF PROCEEDS Neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary is engaged in the business of extending credit for the purpose of purchasing or carrying any "margin stock" or "margin security" (within the meaning of Regulations T, U or X issued by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System), and no proceeds of the Loan will be used to purchase or carry any margin stock or margin security or to extend credit to others for the purpose of purchasing or carrying any margin stock or margin security. Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 35 5.21 BROKER'S OR FINDER'S COMMISSIONS Except as set forth on the "Broker Schedule" attached hereto, no broker's, finder's or placement fee or commission will be payable to any broker or agent engaged by Borrower or any of its officers, directors or agents with respect to the Loans or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement except for fees payable to Lender. Borrower agrees to indemnify Lender and hold it harmless from and against any claim, demand or liability for broker's, finder's or placement fees or similar commissions, whether or not payable by the Borrower, alleged to have been incurred in connection with such transactions, other than any broker's or finder's fees payable to Persons engaged by Lender without the knowledge of the Borrower. To Borrower's knowledge, no broker's, finder's or placement fee or commission will be payable to any broker or agent engaged by Lender or any of its officers, directors or agents with respect to the Loans or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. 5.22 SURVIVAL Each of the Credit Parties hereby makes the representations and warranties contained herein with the knowledge and intention that Lender is relying and will rely thereon. All such representations and warranties will survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Closing and the making of any and all Advances. VI. AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary hereby jointly and severally, and each other Credit Party, as to itself only (and only with respect to the those covenants which specifically relate to such Credit Party as provided below), covenants and agrees that, until full performance and satisfaction, and indefeasible payment in full in cash, of all the Obligations (other than indemnity obligations under the Loan Documents that are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then pending) and termination of this Agreement: 6.1 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, REPORTS AND OTHER INFORMATION (a) FINANCIAL REPORTS. Borrower shall furnish, and shall cause Ashford to furnish, to Lender (i) as soon as available and in any event within ninety (90) calendar days after the end of each fiscal year of Borrower and Ashford audited consolidated annual financial statements of Borrower and Ashford and its Subsidiaries, respectively, including the notes thereto, each consisting of a balance sheet at the end of such completed fiscal year and the related statements of income, retained earnings, cash flows and owners' equity for such completed fiscal year, which financial statements shall be prepared and certified without qualification (other than any qualification consented to by Lender) by Ernst & Young LLP or an independent certified public accounting firm satisfactory to Lender in its sole discretion and accompanied by related management letters, if available, and (ii) as soon as available and in any event within forty-five (45) calendar days after the end of each fiscal quarter, unaudited consolidated financial statements of Borrower each consisting of a balance sheet and statements of income, retained earnings, cash flows and owners' equity as of the end of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter. All such financial statements shall be prepared in accordance with Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 36 GAAP consistently applied with prior periods (subject, as to interim statements, to lack of footnotes and year-end adjustments). With each annual financial statement, Borrower shall also deliver a copy of its federal tax return for the applicable year and with each annual financial statement and quarterly financial statement of each year, Borrower shall also deliver a compliance certificate of an officer of the Borrower on behalf of Borrower and not in his or her individual capacity in the form satisfactory to Lender stating that (A) such Person has reviewed the relevant terms of the Loan Documents and the condition of Borrower, (B) no Default or Event of Default has occurred or is continuing, or, if any of the foregoing has occurred or is continuing, specifying the nature and status and period of existence thereof and the steps taken or proposed to be taken with respect thereto, (C) Borrower is in compliance with all financial covenants in this Agreement attached as Annex I hereto. Such certificate shall be accompanied by the calculations necessary to show compliance with the financial covenants in a form satisfactory to Lender in its sole discretion. (b) OTHER MATERIALS. Borrower shall furnish to Lender as soon as available, and in any event within twenty (20) calendar days after the preparation or issuance thereof or such other time as set forth below, as applicable: (i) copies of such financial statements (other than those required to be delivered pursuant to Section 6.1(a)) prepared by, for or on behalf of Borrower and any other notes and reports related thereto, including, without limitation, any pro forma financial statements and monthly board reports, (ii) any reports, returns, information, notices and other materials that Borrower shall send to its stockholders, members, partners and/or other equity owners and/or directors or managers generally or by class at any time together with any and all supporting documentation related thereto, (iii) within (A) thirty (30) days after the end of each calendar month other than the last calendar month of each fiscal quarter and (B) forty-five (45) days after the end of each fiscal quarter, a monthly report in respect of the Mortgage Loans constituting Collateral, which report shall include a detailed summary of the status of each such Mortgage Loan, including without limitation, the principal balance thereof, the existence or non-existence of any default thereunder known to Borrower, the maturity date, whether any amendments or modifications have been made thereto (and attaching a copy of such amendments or modifications) and such other information requested by Lender in its Permitted Discretion, (iv) copies of any reports submitted to Borrower by its independent accountants in connection with any interim audit of the books of such Person or any of its Affiliates and copies of each management control letter provided by such independent accountants, (v) copies of any and all materials, documents, instruments and other items that relate to, secure, evidence, give rise to or generate or otherwise relate to the Collateral, and (vi) such additional information, documents, statements, reports and other materials as Lender may request in its Permitted Discretion from time to time, including but not limited to the items on Annex II. Borrower shall furnish to Lender not less than thirty (30) calendar days prior to the commencement of each fiscal year in the Term, a list setting forth the location of the Collateral. Borrower shall furnish to Lender within ten (10) calendar days after the end of each calendar month a report specifying all unpaid amounts, fees, payables and balances owing to any Governmental Authority (other than for taxes) as of the last day of such ended calendar month. (c) NOTICES. Borrower shall promptly, and in any event within five (5) Business Days after any Credit Party or any authorized officer of Borrower obtains knowledge thereof, notify Lender in writing of (i) any pending or threatened litigation, suit, investigation, arbitration, dispute resolution proceeding or administrative or regulatory proceeding brought or Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 37 initiated by or against any Credit Party or otherwise affecting or involving or relating to any Credit Party or any of their property or assets to the extent (A) the amount in controversy exceeds $500,000 in the aggregate for all such events in any single calendar year, or (B) to the extent any of the foregoing seeks any material injunctive relief, (ii) any Default or Event of Default, which notice shall specify the nature and status thereof, the period of existence thereof and what action is proposed to be taken with respect thereto, (iii) any other development, event, fact, circumstance or condition that could reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect, in each case describing the nature and status thereof and the action proposed to be taken with respect thereto, (iv) any matter(s) in the amount of $500,000 in the aggregate in any single calendar year, in existence at any one time affecting the value, enforceability or collectability of any Collateral, (v) any material notice given by any Credit Party to any other lender of such Person and shall furnish to Lender a copy of such notice, (vi) receipt of any material notice or request from any Governmental Authority regarding any liability or claim of liability in the amount equal to or exceeding $500,000 in the aggregate in any single calendar year, (vii) receipt of any notice or document by Borrower regarding any lease of real property of Borrower (and such notice shall include a copy of the notice or document), (viii) the termination of any senior executive officer of Ashford or Ashford Hospitality (other than by expiration of the term of such Person's employment agreement), (ix) provide notice of any lease of real property entered into by Borrower after the Closing Date, (x) the filing, recording or assessment of any federal, state, local or foreign tax Lien against the Collateral, (xi) any action taken or threatened to be taken by any Governmental Authority (or any notice of any of the foregoing) with respect to any Credit Party which could reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect or with respect to any Collateral, (xii) any change in the corporate name of Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary, (xiii) any material notices under any Mortgage Loan Document given or received by Borrower (or, if Borrower is a participant, by the lender thereunder if received by Borrower) and/or (xiv) the loss, termination or expiration of any contract to which Borrower is a party or by which its properties or assets are subject or bound. (d) SHAREHOLDER REPORTS AND GOVERNMENT FILINGS. Borrower shall furnish to Lender, concurrently with the sending or filing thereof, a copy of any proxy statements, financial statements or reports which Borrower or any other Credit Party has made available to its shareholders or other equity owners as a class or any class or series of shareholders or other equity owners as a class or series and a copy of any regular, periodic and special reports or registration statements, in each case, which Borrower or any Credit Party files with the Securities and Exchange Commission, any stock exchange or any Governmental Authority. (e) DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS, OTHER ACCOUNTS AND INVESTMENT PROPERTY. Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary shall (i) promptly, and in any event within five (5) Business Days after Borrower or such Foreclosure Subsidiary (A) establishes any Deposit Account, securities account, money market account or any similar account, or (B) becomes the owner of any Investment Property, in each case, on and with respect to which Lender does not have a perfected, first priority Lien, notify Lender of such, and thereafter (ii) deliver to Lender, within ten (10) Business Days, documentation to perfect Lender's Lien thereon and provide Lender control of, in each case in form and substance acceptable to Lender in its sole discretion. The provisions of this Section 6.1(e) do not apply to the Residual Proceeds Account or Investment Property excluded pursuant to Section 2.10(d). Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 38 (f) INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY. Borrower shall furnish to Lender within forty-five (45) calendar days after June 30 and December 31 of each year, a report specifying any material Intellectual Property interests acquired by, obtained by, or licensed to Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary during the six-month period then ended, and shall deliver to Lender, within forty-five (45) calendar days, documentation to perfect Lender's Lien in such Intellectual Property, subject to the limitations set forth in Section 2.10, in each case in form and substance acceptable to Lender in its sole discretion. At any time and from time to time upon Lender's request, Borrower shall provide Lender with: (a) a detailed listing of all material software, equipment, contracts, licenses, domain names, and other material rights and property required to maintain the web-sites owned, operated, or used by Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary in the conduct of its Business; (b) the names of any domain name registrars for any domain names used in connection with such web-sites (with a listing of the domain names corresponding to each such registrar); (c) the names, home addresses, and telephone numbers of the Borrower's and such Foreclosure Subsidiary's employees or agents who are (i) responsible for maintenance and operation of such web-sites, and (ii) the administrative contact, the technical contact, and the billing contact for any domain names owned in connection with such web-sites; and (d) the identity of the servers that maintain the web-sites. (g) PAYROLL TAXES. Without limiting or being limited by any other provision of any Loan Document, if Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary is processing, managing or paying payroll taxes directly and falls one (1) month behind in such processing, management or payment, Borrower shall, or shall cause such Person to, retain and use a third-party acceptable to Lender in its sole discretion to process, manage and pay the payroll taxes of the Borrower and such Foreclosure Subsidiary. In all cases, Borrower shall cause to be delivered to Lender within thirty (30) calendar days after the end of each calendar month a confirmation of the status of the payroll taxes of the Credit Parties for the immediately preceding calendar month. 6.2 PAYMENT OF OBLIGATIONS Borrower shall make full and timely indefeasible payment in cash of the principal of and interest on the Loan and all other Obligations when due and payable (other than indemnity obligations under the Loan Documents that are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then pending). 6.3 CONDUCT OF BUSINESS AND MAINTENANCE OF EXISTENCE AND ASSETS Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary shall (a) conduct its business in accordance with its current business practices, (b) engage principally in the same or similar lines of business substantially as heretofore conducted, (c) collect its Accounts in the ordinary course of business, (d) maintain all of its material properties, assets and equipment used or useful in its business in good repair, working order and condition (normal wear and tear excepted and except as may be disposed of in the ordinary course of business and in accordance with the terms of the Loan Documents), (e) from time to time make all necessary repairs, renewals and replacements thereof; (f) maintain and keep in full force and effect its existence and all material Permits and qualifications to do business and good standing in its jurisdiction of formation and each other jurisdiction in which the ownership or lease of property or the nature of its business makes such Permits or qualification necessary except where failure to maintain such Permits or Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 39 qualification could reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect or the necessity of compliance therewith is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings; (g) remain in good standing and maintain operations in all jurisdictions in which currently located, except where the failure to remain in good standing or maintain operations would not reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect, and (h) maintain, comply with and keep in full force and effect its existence and all Intellectual Property and Permits necessary to conduct its business, except in each case where the failure to maintain, comply with or keep in full force and effect could not reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect or the necessity of compliance therewith is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings. 6.4 COMPLIANCE WITH LEGAL AND OTHER OBLIGATIONS Each Credit Party (as applicable to such Credit Party) shall (a) comply with all laws, statutes, rules, regulations, ordinances and tariffs of all Governmental Authorities applicable to it or its business, assets or operations, (b) pay all taxes, assessments, fees, governmental charges, claims for labor, supplies, rent and all other obligations or liabilities of any kind, except liabilities being contested in good faith and against which adequate reserves have been established, (c) perform in accordance with its terms each contract, agreement or other arrangement to which it is a party or by which it or any of the Collateral is bound, and (d) properly file all reports required to be filed with any Governmental Authority, except under clauses (a), (b), (c), and/or (d) where the failure to comply, pay, file or perform would not reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect. 6.5 INSURANCE Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary shall keep all of its insurable properties and assets adequately insured in all material respects against losses, damages and hazards as are customarily insured against by businesses of similar size engaging in similar activities or lines of business or owning similar assets or properties and at least the minimum amount required by this Agreement, applicable law and any agreement to which Borrower is a party or pursuant to which Borrower or such Foreclosure Subsidiary provides any services, including, without limitation, liability, errors and omissions and property and business interruption insurance, as applicable; and maintain general liability insurance at all times against liability on account of damage to Persons and property having such limits, deductibles, exclusions and co-insurance and other provisions as are customary for a business of a similar size engaged in activities similar to those of Borrower and such Foreclosure Subsidiary; and (c) maintain insurance under all applicable workers' compensation laws; all of the foregoing insurance policies and coverage levels to (i) be as are customary for a business of similar size engaged in activities similar to those of Borrower and such Foreclosure Subsidiary, (ii) name Lender as a loss payee or additional insured thereunder, as applicable, and (iii) expressly provide that such insurance policies and coverage levels cannot be altered, amended or modified in any manner which is adverse to Lender, or canceled or terminated without thirty (30) calendar days prior written notice to Lender, and that they inure to the benefit of Lender, notwithstanding any action or omission or negligence of or by Borrower or such Foreclosure Subsidiary, or any insured thereunder. Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 40 6.6 TRUE BOOKS Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary shall (a) keep true, complete and accurate (in accordance with GAAP, except for the omission of footnotes and year-end adjustments in interim financial statements) books of record and account in accordance with commercially reasonable business practices in which true and correct entries are made of all of its dealings and transactions in all material respects; and (b) set up and maintain on its books such reserves as may be required by GAAP with respect to doubtful accounts and all taxes, assessments, charges, levies and claims and with respect to its business. 6.7 INSPECTION; PERIODIC AUDITS; QUARTERLY REVIEW Each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary shall permit the representatives of Lender, at the expense of Borrower from time to time during normal business hours upon reasonable notice, to (a) visit and inspect any of Borrower's and such Foreclosure Subsidiary's offices or properties or any other place where Collateral is located to inspect the Collateral and/or to examine and/or audit all of Borrower's and such Foreclosure Subsidiary's books of account, records, reports and other papers, (b) make copies and extracts therefrom, and (c) discuss the Business and Borrower's and such Foreclosure Subsidiary's operations, prospects, properties, assets, liabilities, condition and/or Accounts with its officers and independent public accountants (and by this provision such officers and accountants are authorized to discuss the foregoing); provided, however, that (x) unless an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Lender shall conduct no more than two (2) such visits, inspections and discussions per fiscal year and (y) no such notice shall be required so long as an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing. Borrower's and each Foreclosure Subsidiary's officers and Lender shall meet, not less than twice per year (which meeting may take place telephonically if requested by Lender), to review the Borrower's and such Foreclosure Subsidiary's business, operations, prospects, properties, assets, liabilities, condition and/ or Accounts. 6.8 FURTHER ASSURANCES; POST CLOSING At Borrower's cost and expense, each Credit Party shall (a) within five (5) Business Days (or such longer period in the case of actions involving third parties as determined by Lender in its Permitted Discretion) after Lender's demand, take such further actions, obtain such consents and approvals and shall duly execute and deliver such further agreements, assignments, instructions or documents as Lender may request in its Permitted Discretion (if necessary) in order to effectuate the purposes, terms and conditions of the Loan Documents and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby, whether before, at or after the performance and/or consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or the occurrence and during the continuation of a Default or Event of Default, (b) without limiting and notwithstanding any other provision of any Loan Document, execute and deliver, or cause to be executed and delivered, such agreements and documents, and take or cause to be taken such actions, and otherwise perform, observe and comply with such obligations, as are set forth on Schedule 6.8, and (c) upon the exercise by Lender or any of its Affiliates of any power, right, privilege or remedy pursuant to any Loan Document or under applicable law or at equity which requires any consent, approval, registration, qualification or authorization of such Person (including, without limitation, any Governmental Authority), execute and deliver, or cause the Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 41 execution and delivery of, all applications, certificates, instruments and other documents that may be so required for such consent, approval, registration, qualification or authorization. Lender may, at any time and from time to time, request a certificate from an officer of Borrower representing that all conditions precedent to the making of the Loan contained herein are satisfied. Lender may, at its option, cease to make any further Advances until Lender has received such certificate, and, in addition, Lender has determined that such conditions are satisfied, in its sole and absolute discretion. 6.9 PAYMENT OF INDEBTEDNESS Except as otherwise prescribed in the Loan Documents, each Credit Party shall pay, discharge or otherwise satisfy when due and payable (subject to applicable grace periods and, in the case of trade payables, to ordinary course of payment practices) all of its obligations and liabilities, except when the amount or validity thereof is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and such reserves shall have been made in accordance with GAAP consistently applied and consistent with their past practices. 6.10 OTHER LIENS If Liens other than Permitted Liens exist, Credit Parties immediately shall take all actions, and execute and deliver all documents and instruments necessary to release and terminate such Liens or, in the case of any involuntary Liens, to contest the same in good faith and; provided, that Borrower shall have established reserves for such Liens in accordance with GAAP. 6.11 USE OF PROCEEDS Borrower shall use the proceeds from Advances under the Loan only for the purposes set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. 6.12 COLLATERAL DOCUMENTS; SECURITY INTEREST IN COLLATERAL (a) On demand of Lender, each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary shall make available to Lender copies of any and all documents, instruments, materials and other items that relate to, secure, evidence, give rise to or generate or otherwise involve Collateral, including, without limitation, the Accounts of such Person. Each Credit Party shall (i) execute, obtain, deliver, file, register and/or record any and all financing statements, continuation statements, stock powers, instruments and other documents, or cause the execution, filing, registration, recording or delivery of any and all of the foregoing, that are necessary or required under law or otherwise or reasonably requested by Lender to be executed, filed, registered, obtained, delivered or recorded to create, maintain, perfect, preserve, validate or otherwise protect the pledge of the Collateral to Lender's perfected first priority Lien on the Collateral (and each Credit Party irrevocably grants Lender the right, at Lender's option, to file any or all of the foregoing), (ii) maintain, or cause to be maintained, at all times, the pledge of the Collateral to Lender and Lender's perfected first priority and perfected Lien on the Collateral, and (iii) defend the Collateral and Lender's first priority and perfected Lien thereon against all claims and demands of all Persons at any time claiming the same or any interest therein adverse to Lender (except for Permitted Liens), and pay all costs and expenses (including, without limitation, in- Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 42 house documentation and diligence fees and legal expenses and reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses) in connection with such defense, which may, at Lender's discretion, be added to the Obligations. (b) If, after the date hereof, Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary shall (i) obtain any domain names, (ii) any registered Trademark, Patent or Copyright, or apply for any such registration in the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office, as applicable, or in any similar office or agency in the United States, any state thereof, any political subdivision thereof or in any other country, or (iii) becomes the owner of any Trademark, Patent or Copyright registrations or applications for Trademark, Patent or Copyright registration used in the United States or any state thereof, political subdivision thereof or in any other country, the provisions of Section 2.10 hereof shall automatically apply thereto. Upon the request of Lender, each of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary shall, or shall cause the applicable Person to, promptly execute and deliver to Lender any and all assignments, agreements, instruments, documents and such other papers as may be requested by Lender in its sole discretion to evidence the security interest in and conditional assignment of such Trademark, Patent or Copyright, as the case may be, in favor of Lender. Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary shall, to the extent consistent with their reasonable business judgment: (i) prosecute diligently any Trademark, Patent or Copyright application at any time pending; (ii) make application for registration or issuance of all new Trademarks, Patents and Copyrights as reasonably deemed appropriate by Borrower or such Foreclosure Subsidiary; (iii) preserve and maintain all rights in such Intellectual Property; and (iv) use its best efforts to obtain any consents, waivers or agreements necessary to enable Lender to exercise its remedies with respect to such Intellectual Property. Neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary shall abandon any material right to file a Trademark, Patent or Copyright application nor shall Borrower abandon any material pending Trademark, Patent or Copyright application, or material Trademark, Patent or Copyright without the prior written consent of Lender. (c) Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Borrower shall, concurrent with the formation of any Foreclosure Subsidiary (i) cause such Foreclosure Subsidiary to guaranty the Obligations and grant to Lender, a security interest in all of such Foreclosure Subsidiary's assets as security for the Obligations and (ii) pledge the equity interests of such Foreclosure Subsidiary to Lender, as security for the Obligations. In furtherance thereof, (x) each such Foreclosure Subsidiary shall execute a Joinder Agreement and become a party to such of the Loan Documents, including this Agreement, as Agent shall determine and (y) Borrower and such Foreclosure Subsidiary shall deliver such other documents as requested by Lender in its Permitted Discretion, including, without limitation, updated schedules, lien searches, certificates and legal opinions and take such other actions as Lender requests in order to create a perfected Lien in favor of Lender, in and on the equity interests and assets of such Foreclosure Subsidiary. Until such time as a Foreclosure Subsidiary is formed by Borrower in compliance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement, none of the representations and warranties or covenants contained in this Agreement relating to a Foreclosure Subsidiary shall be applicable. Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 43 6.13 MORTGAGE LOAN DOCUMENTS Borrower agrees and covenants that it shall: (a) Cause each Mortgage Loan Note and each participation certificate evidencing a Mortgage Loan to have only one original counterpart; (b) Only enter into Mortgage Loan Documents which are on forms that are in material compliance with applicable state and federal laws; (c) Deliver to Custodian (or Lender) the original Mortgage Loan Documents and all other documentation required by Section 2.11(a); and (d) Deliver to Lender such assignment documents if reasonably requested by Lender from time to time in connection with acquisition of the Collateral by Lender or its successors and assigns in accordance with this Agreement while a Default or an Event of Default exists. 6.14 PORTFOLIO REQUIREMENTS At all times during the Term, Borrower shall cause its portfolio of Eligible Receivables to be in full compliance with the following requirements (all to be calculated, as of any date of determination, with respect to all Eligible Receivables of such date, as applicable): (a) The average outstanding principal balance of the Eligible Receivables shall not exceed Fifteen Million Dollars ($15,000,000); (b) On and after the six (6) month anniversary of the Closing Date, Borrower shall at all times have a minimum of three (3) Eligible Receivables; (c) The weighted average yield of all Eligible Receivables shall not be less than ten and one-half percent (10.5%); (d) The weighted average Loan-to-Value shall not exceed eighty percent (80%); and (e) On and after January 13, 2005, the maximum dollar weighted exposure of Borrower to any single Account Debtor shall not exceed forty percent (40%) of Borrower's portfolio of Eligible Receivables. 6.15 TAXES AND OTHER CHARGES All payments and reimbursements to Lender made by or on account of any obligation by Borrower under any Loan Document shall be free and clear of and without deduction for all taxes, levies, imposts, deductions, assessments, charges or withholdings, and all liabilities with respect thereto of any nature whatsoever other than Excluded Taxes ("TAXES"). If any Credit Party shall be required by law to deduct any such amounts from or in respect of any sum payable under any Loan Document to Lender then the sum payable to Lender shall be Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 44 increased as may be necessary so that, after making all required deductions, Lender receives an amount equal to the sum it would have received had no such deductions been made. Notwithstanding any other provision of any Loan Document, if at any time after the Closing or the making of any Advance (a) any change in any existing law, regulation, treaty or directive or in the interpretation or application thereof, (b) any new law, regulation, treaty or directive enacted or any interpretation or application thereof, or (c) compliance by Lender with any request or directive (whether or not having the force of law) from any Governmental Authority: (i) subjects Lender to any tax, levy, impost, deduction, assessment, charge or withholding of any kind whatsoever with respect to any Loan Document, or changes the basis of taxation of payments to Lender of any amount payable thereunder (except for Excluded Taxes), or (c) imposes on Lender any other condition or increased cost in connection with the transactions contemplated thereby or participations therein; and the result of any of the foregoing is to increase the cost to Lender of making or continuing or maintaining the Loan hereunder or to reduce any amount receivable hereunder, then, in any such case, Borrower shall promptly pay to Lender any additional amounts necessary to compensate Lender, on an after-tax basis, for such additional cost or reduced amount as determined by Lender. If Lender becomes entitled to claim any additional amounts pursuant to this Section 6.15 it shall promptly notify Borrower of the event by reason of which Lender has become so entitled, and each such notice of additional amounts payable pursuant to this Section 6.15 submitted by Lender to Borrower shall, absent manifest error, be final, conclusive and binding for all purposes. 6.16 SPECIAL PURPOSE ENTITY STATUS At all times during the Term, Borrower shall, and shall cause each Foreclosure Subsidiary and the General Partner, to be and to have been, at all times since their respective formation, Single Purpose Entities and shall be and cause each Foreclosure Subsidiary and General Partner to continue to be Single Purpose Entities. As used herein, "SINGLE PURPOSE ENTITY" shall mean a partnership or limited liability company which exists solely for the purpose of owning the Collateral (or, in the case of General Partner, its general partnership interest in Borrower), conducts business only in its own name, does not engage in any business or have any assets unrelated to the Collateral (or, in the case of General Partner, such partnership interest) does not have any Indebtedness other than as permitted by this Agreement (and without limitation does not assume or guarantee or become obligated for the debts of any other Person or hold out its credit to be available to satisfy the obligations of any other Person), has its own separate books, records, and accounts (with no commingling of assets), holds itself out as being separate and apart from any other Person (other than for tax purposes), and observes corporate, limited liability and partnership formalities independent of any other Person. In no event may any of Borrower, any Foreclosure Subsidiary, or General Partner amend its certificate of limited partnership or partnership agreement, or articles of formation or operating agreement, respectively, in any way which would adversely affect Lender or Borrower's, such Foreclosure Subsidiary's or General Partner's continued compliance with this Section 6.16, without Lender's prior written consent in its sole and absolute discretion. Borrower represents and warrants to Lender that it has delivered to Lender true, correct and complete copies of its articles of formation and operating agreement and General Partner's certificate of limited partnership or partnership agreement and true and correct copies of such documents from each of their respective constituent entities, direct or indirect. Without limitation, each of Borrower, each Foreclosure Subsidiary and General Partner has not and shall not: Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 45 (i) fail to be organized solely for the purpose of (i) acquiring, developing, owning, managing or operating the Collateral (or in the case of General Partner, its general partnership interest in Borrower), (ii) entering into this Agreement and the documents related hereto, and (iii) engaging in any activity that is incidental, necessary or appropriate to accomplish the foregoing; (ii) engage in any business or activity other than the ownership, operation and maintenance of the Collateral (or, in the case of General Partner, its general partner interest in Borrower), and activities incidental thereto; (iii) acquire or own any material assets other than (i) the Collateral (or, in the case, of General Partner, its general partner interest in the Collateral) and (ii) such incidental personal property as may be necessary for the operation of the Collateral (or, in the case, of General Partner, its general partner interest in the Collateral); (iv) merge into or consolidate with any Person or dissolve, terminate or liquidate in whole or in part, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets or change its legal structure; (v) fail to preserve its existence as an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization or formation, and qualification to do business in the state where the Collateral is located, if applicable, or without the prior written consent of Lender, amend, modify, terminate or fail to comply with the provisions of such Person's organizational documents; (vi) own, form or acquire any Subsidiary or make any investment in, any Person other than, with respect to Borrower, such Foreclosure Subsidiary, or as permitted in Section 7.4; (vii) commingle its assets with the assets of any of its members, general partners, managers, Affiliates, principals or of any other Person nor fail to hold all of its assets in its own name; (viii) incur any Indebtedness, secured or unsecured, direct or contingent (including guaranteeing any obligation), other than the Loan and any other Permitted Indebtedness; (ix) become insolvent or fail to pay its debts and liabilities from its assets as the same shall become due; (x) fail to maintain its records, books of account and bank accounts separate and apart from those of the members, managers, general partners, principals and Affiliates thereof, and any other Person or fail to maintain such books and records in the ordinary course of its business; (xi) except as expressly provided in the partnership agreement of Borrower, the constituent documents of such Foreclosure Subsidiary and the operating agreement of General Partner, enter into any contract or agreement with any member, Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 46 manager, general partner, principal or Affiliate of Borrower, Foreclosure Subsidiary, General Partner or Guarantor, or any member, partner, principal or Affiliate thereof, except as permitted under Section 7.6 and upon terms and conditions that are intrinsically fair, commercially reasonable and substantially similar to those that would be available on an arm's-length basis with third parties; (xii) seek to dissolve or wind up in whole, or in part, itself; (xiii) fail to correct any known misunderstandings regarding the separate identity of each of Borrower, such Foreclosure Subsidiary and General Partner, from any member, manager, partner, principal or Affiliate thereof or any other Person; (xiv) guarantee or become obligated for the debts of any other Person or hold out its credit as being able to satisfy the debts of another Person; (xv) make any loans or advances to any third party, including any of its members, managers, partners, principals or Affiliates, or any member, manager, partner, principal or Affiliate thereof, nor buy or hold evidence of indebtedness issued by any other Person (other than cash, Cash Equivalents and the Collateral); (xvi) fail to hold itself out to the public as a legal entity separate and distinct from any other Person, fail to conduct its business solely in its own name, mislead others as to the identity with which such other party is transacting business, or suggest that Borrower is responsible for the debts of any third party (including any of its members, managers, partners, principals or Affiliates, or any member, manager, partner, principal or Affiliate thereof); (xvii) fail to maintain adequate capital for the normal obligations reasonably foreseeable in a business of its size and character and in light of its contemplated business operations; (xviii) share any common logo with or hold itself out as or be considered as a department or division (other than for tax purposes) of (i) any of its partners, managers, principals, members or Affiliates, (ii) any Affiliate of a partner, manager, principal or member, or (iii) any other Person; (xix) fail to maintain separate financial statements and accounting records, showing its assets and liabilities separate and apart from those of any other Person; (xx) fail to observe all applicable organizational formalities; (xxi) fail to pay the salaries of its own employees (if any) from its own funds; (xxii) fail to maintain a sufficient number of employees in light of its contemplated business operations; Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 47 (xxiii) fail to allocate fairly and reasonably any overhead expenses that are shared with an Affiliate, including paying for office space and services performed by any employee of an Affiliate; (xxiv) fail to use separate stationery, invoices and checks bearing its own name; (xxv) pledge its assets for the benefit of any other Person, other than in connection with the loan secured hereby; (xxvi) acquire the obligations or securities of any member, manager, partner, principal or Affiliate, any Guarantor, or any member, manager, partner, principal or Affiliate thereof (other than the Collateral); (xxvii) fail to maintain its assets in such a manner that it will not be costly or difficult to segregate, ascertain or identify its individual assets from those of any other Person; (xxviii) have any obligation to indemnify its partners, officers, directors, managers, or members, as the case may be, or have such an obligation only if it is fully subordinated to the Loan and will not constitute a claim against it in the event that cash flow in excess of the amount required to pay the Loan is insufficient to pay such obligation; (xxix) have any of its obligations guaranteed by any member, manager, partner, principal or Affiliate except Guarantor; and (xxx) take for itself or cause any other Person to take any of the following actions without the unanimous consent of its partners, managers and members, as applicable which shall include the consent of the Independent Manager: (i) file or consent to the filing of any bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization case or proceeding; institute any proceedings under any applicable insolvency law or otherwise seek any relief under any laws relating to the relief from debts or the protection of debtors generally, (ii) seek or consent to the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator, custodian or any similar official for itself or any other Person, (iii) make an assignment of its assets for the benefit of its creditors or an assignment of the assets of another Person for the benefit of such Person's creditors, or (iv) take any action in furtherance of the foregoing. VII. NEGATIVE COVENANTS Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary jointly and severally, and each other Credit Party, as to itself only (and only with respect to those covenants which specifically relate to such Credit Party, as provided below), covenants and agrees that, until full performance and satisfaction, and indefeasible payment in full in cash, of all the Obligations (other than indemnity obligations under the Loan Documents that are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then pending) and termination of this Agreement: Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 48 7.1 FINANCIAL COVENANTS Borrower shall not violate, and Borrower shall fully comply with, the financial covenants set forth on Annex I to this Agreement, which annex is incorporated herein and made a part hereof. 7.2 INDEBTEDNESS Neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary shall create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Indebtedness, except the following ("Permitted Indebtedness"): (i) Indebtedness under the Loan Documents, (ii) Subordinated Debt of Borrower to which Lender, in its sole discretion, has granted its prior consent and (iii) obligations under an Intercreditor Agreement to the extent such obligations would constitute Indebtedness. Neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary shall make prepayments on any existing or future Indebtedness to any Person other than (a) to Lender, (b) to the extent specifically permitted by the applicable Subordination Agreement or (c) to the extent either required under any Interecreditor Agreement or determined by Borrower to be necessary thereunder in order to avoid any material reduction in the value of Borrower's rights under such Intercreditor Agreement or with respect to its interest in the Mortgage Loan affected thereby. 7.3 LIENS Neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary shall create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien upon, in or against, or pledge of, any of the Collateral or any of its properties or assets or any of its shares, securities or other equity or ownership interests, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, except the following (collectively, "PERMITTED LIENS"): (a) Liens under the Loan Documents or otherwise arising in favor of Lender, (b) Liens imposed by law for taxes, assessments or charges of any Governmental Authority for claims not yet due or which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and with respect to which adequate reserves or other appropriate provisions are being maintained by such Person in accordance with GAAP, (c)(i) statutory Liens of landlords and of carriers, warehousemen, mechanics, workmen, repairmen and/or materialmen, (ii) other Liens imposed by law or that arise by operation of law in the ordinary course of business from the date of creation thereof, in each case only for amounts not yet due or which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and with respect to which adequate reserves or other appropriate provisions are being maintained by such Person in accordance with GAAP, (iii) zoning, building codes and other land use laws regulating the use or occupancy of such Person's real property or the activities conducted thereon which are imposed by any Governmental Authority having jurisdiction over such real property which are not violated by the current use or occupancy of such real property or the operation of such Person's Business thereon; and (iv) easements, covenants, conditions, restrictions and other similar matters of record affecting title to such real property which do not or would not materially impair the use or occupancy of such real property in the operation of the business conducted thereon, (d) deposits made in the ordinary course of business in connection with workers' compensation, unemployment insurance and other types of social security benefits, (e) judgment Liens so long as they and/or the judgment they are securing do not constitute or result in an Event of Default; (f) any right of set-off granted in favor of any financial institution in respect of Deposit Accounts opened and maintained in the ordinary course Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 49 of business or pursuant to the requirements of this Agreement; provided, that with respect to any such Deposit Account, Lender has a perfected Lien and control agreement each in form, scope and substance satisfactory to Lender in its sole discretion, and (g) the rights and interests arising under the Intercreditor Agreements to the extent any of them would constitute a Lien. 7.4 INVESTMENTS; INVESTMENT PROPERTY; NEW FACILITIES OR COLLATERAL; SUBSIDIARIES Neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary shall, directly or indirectly, (a) merge with, purchase, own, hold, invest in or otherwise acquire any obligations or Equity Interests or securities of, or any other interest in, or all or substantially all of the assets of, any Person or any joint venture (except as permitted in clauses (ii), (iii) and (iv) of clause (b) below), (b) purchase, own, hold, invest in or otherwise acquire any Investment Property (except (i) Deposit Accounts with financial institutions in the ordinary course of business or as required by this Agreement; provided, that with respect to any such Deposit Accounts, Lender has a perfected Lien and control agreement each in form, scope and substance satisfactory to Lender in its sole discretion, (ii) Cash Equivalents with respect to which, in the case of Borrower and each Foreclosure Subsidiary, Lender has a perfected, first priority Lien and control agreement each in form and substance satisfactory to Lender in its sole discretion; (iii) Eligible Receivables pledged as Collateral hereunder; and (iv) interests arising under Intercreditor Agreements to the extent they would constitute investments), or (c) make or permit to exist any loan, advances or guarantees to or for the benefit of any Person (except as permitted in clauses (ii), (iii) and (iv) of clause (b) above) or assume, guarantee, endorse, contingently agree to purchase or otherwise become liable for or upon or incur any obligation of any Person (other than the endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business. Neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary shall purchase, lease, own, operate, hold, invest in or otherwise acquire any property or asset or any Collateral that is located outside of the continental United States. Borrower shall have no Subsidiaries other than the Foreclosure Subsidiaries. No Foreclosure Subsidiary shall have any Subsidiaries. 7.5 DIVIDENDS; REDEMPTIONS; EQUITY Neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary shall (a) except in the absence of an Event of Default, declare, pay or make any dividend or distribution on any Equity Interests or other securities or ownership interests (other than, in the case of any Foreclosure Subsidiary, to Borrower), (b) apply any of its funds, property or assets to the acquisition, redemption or other retirement of any Equity Interests or other securities or interests or of any options to purchase or acquire any of the foregoing (except a return of capital permitted pursuant to Sections 7.5(a) and (c)), (c) except in the absence of an Event of Default, otherwise make any payments, dividends or Distributions to any stockholder, director or other equity owner in such Person's capacity as such, (d) make any payment of any management, service or related or similar fee to any Person other than pursuant to the Servicing Agreement or the Intercreditor Agreements, or (e) issue, sell or create any Equity Interests (other than Permitted Securities). 7.6 TRANSACTIONS WITH AFFILIATES Subject to Section 7.11, neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary shall enter into or consummate any transaction of any kind with any of its Affiliates other than: (a) the Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 50 Servicing Agreement, (b) the acquisition by Borrower of Mortgage Loans to the extent such Mortgage Loan is an Eligible Receivable, (c) the conveyance of Mortgage Loans by Borrower in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement and (d) transactions permitted under Sections 6.16(xi), (xv) or (xxvi), as disclosed in Schedule 5.16 or pursuant to Section 7.16. 7.7 CHARTER DOCUMENTS; FISCAL YEAR; DISSOLUTION; USE OF PROCEEDS; INSURANCE POLICIES; DISPOSITION OF COLLATERAL; TAXES; TRADE NAMES Neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary shall (a) amend, modify, restate or change its certificate of incorporation, bylaws or similar charter or governance documents which would in any way have any adverse effect upon Lender or Borrower's or any Foreclosure Subsidiary's continuing compliance with the Special Purpose Entity requirements set forth in Section 6.16, (b) change its state of organization or change its corporate name without thirty (30) calendar days prior written notice to Lender, (c) change its fiscal year, (d) amend, alter, suspend, terminate or make provisional in any material way, any Permit, the suspension, amendment, alteration or termination of which could reasonably be expected to be, have or result in a Material Adverse Effect without the prior written consent of Lender, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, (e) wind up, liquidate or dissolve (voluntarily or involuntarily) or commence or suffer any proceedings seeking or that would result in any of the foregoing, (f) use any proceeds of any Loan for "purchasing" or "carrying" "margin stock" as defined in Regulations T, U or X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for any use not contemplated or permitted by this Agreement, (g) amend, modify, restate or change any insurance policy in violation of this Agreement in a manner adverse to Lender, (h) engage, directly or indirectly, in any business other than the Business, (i) change its federal tax employer identification number or similar tax identification number under the relevant jurisdiction or establish new or additional trade names without providing not less than thirty (30) days advance written notice to Lender, (j) revoke, alter or amend any Tax Information Authorization (on IRS Form 8821 or otherwise) or other similar authorization mandated by the relevant Government Authority given to Lender or (k) certificate, or cause to have certificated, any Equity Interest that is not evidenced by a certificate as of the Closing Date that is Collateral subject to this Agreement, without Lender's prior written consent. 7.8 TRANSFER OF ASSETS Except as expressly permitted pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, the Intercreditor Agreement executed in connection with the Wyndham Receivable or any other Intercreditor Agreement hereafter approved by Lender, or as permitted by Lender in its sole discretion, neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary shall sell, lease, transfer, pledge, assign or otherwise dispose of any of its assets or property or any interest therein, or agree to do any of the foregoing, except for the sale or other disposition of (i) Mortgage Loans which have been released from the Liens and security interests granted pursuant to this Agreement in compliance with Section 2.8 hereof; (ii) cash or other property distributed in compliance with Section 7.5 hereof; and (iii) any property not constituting Collateral hereunder. Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 51 7.9 CONTINGENT OBLIGATIONS AND RISKS Except as otherwise expressly permitted by this Agreement, neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary shall enter into any Contingent Obligations or assume, guarantee, endorse, contingently agree to purchase or otherwise become liable for or upon or incur any obligation of any Person (other than indemnities to officers and directors of such Person to the extent permitted by applicable law); provided, however, that nothing contained in this Section 7.9 shall prohibit either of them from endorsing checks in the ordinary course of its business. 7.10 TRUTH OF STATEMENTS No Credit Party shall furnish to Lender any certificate or other document that contains any untrue statement of a material fact or that omits to state a material fact necessary to make it not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was furnished. 7.11 PAYMENT ON SUBORDINATED DEBT Except to the extent permitted pursuant to the applicable Subordination Agreements, Borrower shall not (a) make any payment of any part or all of any Subordinated Debt, including, without limitation, any prepayments, (b) repurchase, redeem, prepay or retire any instrument evidencing any such Subordinated Debt prior to maturity, or (c) enter into any agreement (oral or written) which could in any way be construed to amend, modify or alter in a manner adverse to Lender, as determined by Lender in its sole discretion, or to terminate any one or more instruments or agreements evidencing or relating to any Subordinated Debt. Borrower may make payments on the Subordinated Debt only in accordance with the provisions of the applicable Subordination Agreements. 7.12 MODIFICATIONS OF AGREEMENTS (a) Borrower shall not make, or agree to make, any modification, amendment or waiver of any of the terms or provisions of, any documents evidencing Subordinated Debt, except as approved by Lender. (b) Borrower shall not make, or agree to make, any modification, amendment or waiver of any of the terms or provisions of, and will not fail to enforce or diligently pursue its remedies under the Servicing Agreement, and (c) Neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary shall make or agree to make, any modification, amendment or waiver of any of the terms or provisions of any Mortgage Loan Document which, except in respect of the Mortgage Loans listed on Schedule 7.12 hereto, (i) decreases the interest rate payable on any Mortgage Loan, (ii) lengthens or shortens the maturity of any Mortgage Loan, (iii) reduces or waives any principal, interest or fees required to be paid under any Mortgage Loan, (iv) releases any borrower or guarantor from its obligations under any Mortgage Loan, (v) modifies the financial covenants of any Mortgage Loan, (vi) except to the extent such release may be consummated without the consent of Borrower pursuant to the terms of the applicable Intercreditor Agreement and Mortgage Loan Documents in respect of the Wyndham Receivable, releases any Mortgage Loan Collateral, or (vii) except to the extent such change may be effected without the consent of Borrower pursuant to the terms of Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 52 the applicable Intercreditor Agreement and Mortgage Loan Documents, changes the terms of any franchise or management agreement applicable to the related Hotel without, in each such case, the consent of Lender in its Permitted Discretion. To the extent consent is required in accordance with this Section 7.12(c), in the event Borrower modifies, amends or waives any terms or provisions of any Mortgage Loan Document, and Lender does not provide its consent to such modification, amendment or waiver, Borrower shall have five (5) Business Days from Receipt of notice from Lender that Lender does not approve such modification, amendment or waiver to return the modified or amended Mortgage Loan Document to its condition prior to such modification or amendment or to rescind its waiver to any provision of such Mortgage Loan Document. 7.13 UNDERWRITING GUIDELINES Borrower shall not modify its Underwriting Guidelines, as set forth on Exhibit C attached hereto, without the prior written consent of Lender, which shall not be unreasonably withheld. 7.14 PATRIOT ACT No Credit Party (i) is currently or will become a Person whose property or interests in property are blocked or subject to blocking pursuant to Section 1 of Executive Order 13224 of September 23, 2001 Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions With Persons Who Commit, Threaten to Commit or Support Terrorism (66 Fed. Reg. 49079(2001)), (ii) will engage in any dealings or transactions prohibited by Section 2 of such executive order, or be otherwise associated with any such Person in any manner violative of Section 2 of such executive order, or (iii) will otherwise become a Person on the list of Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons or subject to the limitations or prohibitions under any other regulation or executive order. 7.15 DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS Neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary shall open a Deposit Account (other than those listed on Schedule 5.18C as of the Closing Date) without the prior written consent of Lender, except for (a) Deposit Accounts in which Lender has a perfected, first priority Lien, to the extent required by, and in accordance with, Section 6.1(g) and (b) the Residual Proceeds Accounts and any Investment Property excluded in compliance with Section 2.10(d). 7.16 FORECLOSURE RIGHTS Borrower may not commence any Enforcement Action with respect to the Mortgage Loan Collateral for any Mortgage Loan. In the event a default or event of default exists under any Mortgage Loan which gives rise to Borrower's right to commence any Enforcement Action with respect to the Mortgage Loan Collateral for such Mortgage Loan, prior to commencing any such Enforcement Action, Borrower shall assign to a Foreclosure Subsidiary, and such Foreclosure Subsidiary shall assume, the applicable Mortgage Loan and all Mortgage Loan Documents related thereto and the exercise of all rights and remedies shall thereafter be conducted through such Foreclosure Subsidiary only. Such Foreclosure Subsidiary may only commence an Enforcement Action under the applicable Mortgage Loan Documents in Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 53 accordance with the terms and conditions of Section 2.17(a). Prior to such Foreclosure Subsidiary's exercise of an Enforcement Action, Lender may elect to cause Borrower or such Foreclosure Subsidiary to engage an accredited environmental firm to perform a Phase I environmental study on the underlying Mortgage Loan Collateral constituting real property. In the event said Phase I demonstrates that such real property has potential environmental issues, in the sole determination of Lender, Lender may prohibit the exercise of any Enforcement Action in respect of such Mortgage Loan Collateral, such Foreclosure Subsidiary shall not pursue the exercise of any such Enforcement Action in respect of such Mortgage Loan Collateral and Borrower shall comply with the mandatory prepayment provisions set forth in Section 2.8(f) with respect to such Mortgage Loan. In the event Borrower directly purchases any senior loan related to any Mortgage Loan and becomes entitled as a result thereof to assume all of the obligations of the related senior lender or lenders with respect to such senior loan, any Enforcement Action in respect of such senior loan shall be governed by this Section 7.16 (as if the references in the definition of the term "Enforcement Action" and this Section 7.16 to "Mortgage Loan", "Mortgage Loan Collateral" and "Mortgage Loan Documents" were to mean and refer to such senior loan, the collateral therefor and the documents evidencing and securing the same). 7.17 GENERAL PARTNER General Partner shall not engage in any trade or business, own any assets (other than the general partnership interest in Borrower), incur any Indebtedness or Contingent Obligations or otherwise take or omit to take any action which would result in a violation of Section 6.16. 7.18 SERVICING AGREEMENT Neither Borrower nor any Foreclosure Subsidiary shall terminate the Servicing Agreement or appoint a successor servicer thereunder without the prior written consent of Lender. VIII. EVENTS OF DEFAULT The occurrence of any one or more of the following shall constitute an "EVENT OF DEFAULT": (a) Borrower shall fail to pay any amount on the Obligations or provided for in any Loan Document when due unless paid in accordance with Section 2.9(b) (in all cases, whether on any payment date, at maturity, by reason of acceleration, by notice of intention to prepay, by required prepayment or otherwise); provided, however, with respect to the failure to pay interest on any Loan, an Event of Default shall occur if such payment has not been made when such payment shall be due and payable; (b) any representation, statement or warranty made or deemed made by any Credit Party in any Loan Document or in any other certificate, document, report or opinion delivered in conjunction with any Loan Document to which it is a party, shall not be true and correct in all material respects or shall have been false or misleading in any material respect on Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 54 the date when made or deemed to have been made (except to the extent already qualified by materiality, in which case it shall be true and correct in all respects and shall not be false or misleading in any respect) except those made as of a specific date; (c) any Credit Party, or any other party thereto, other than Lender, shall be in violation, breach or default of, or shall fail to perform, observe or comply with any covenant, obligation or agreement set forth in, or any event of default occurs under, any Loan Document and such violation, breach, default, event of default or failure shall not be cured within the period set forth below; provided, that with respect to the affirmative covenants set forth in Article VI (other than Sections 6.8(c) and 6.11 for which there shall be no cure period and Section 6.2 for which there shall be a cure period to the extent indicated in subsection (a) above), there shall be a thirty (30) calendar day cure period commencing from the earlier of (i) Receipt by such Person of written notice of such breach, default, violation or failure, and (ii) the time at which a Responsible Credit Party Officer had actual knowledge of such failure, violation, breach or default and resulting Default. (d) (i) any of the Loan Documents ceases to be in full force and effect (other than in accordance with its terms), or (ii) any Lien created thereunder ceases to constitute a valid first priority perfected Lien on the Collateral in accordance with the terms thereof, or Lender ceases to have a valid perfected first priority security interest in any of the Collateral or any securities pledged to Lender, pursuant to the Security Documents; provided, that, with respect to non-material breaches or violations that constitute Events of Default under clause (ii) of Section 8(d), there shall be a five (5) Business Day cure period commencing from the earlier of (A) Receipt by the applicable Person of written notice of such breach or violation or of any event, fact or circumstance constituting or resulting in any of the foregoing, and (B) the time at which a Responsible Credit Party Officer had actual knowledge of such breach or violation and resulting Default or of any event, fact or circumstance constituting or resulting in any of the foregoing), in each case without presentment, demand, protest or further notice of any kind, all of which are hereby expressly waived by Borrower; (e) one or more judgments or decrees is rendered against (i) Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary in an amount in excess of $50,000 individually or $100,000 in the aggregate or (ii) any other Credit Party in an amount in excess of $2,500,000 in the aggregate (excluding judgments to the extent covered by insurance of such Person), which is/are not satisfied, stayed, vacated or discharged of record within thirty (30) calendar days of being rendered; (f) (i) any default or breach occurs, which is not cured within any applicable grace period or waived, (x) in the payment of any amount with respect to any Indebtedness (other than the Obligations) of (1) Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary, in excess of $100,000 individually or in the aggregate or (2) any other Credit Party, in excess of $10,000,000 individually or in the aggregate, (y) in the performance, observance or fulfillment of any provision contained in any agreement, contract, document or instrument to which any Credit Party is a party or to which any of their properties or assets are subject or bound (1) under or pursuant to which with respect to (A) Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary any Indebtedness in excess of $100,000 individually or in the aggregate and (B) with respect to any other Credit Party, any Indebtedness in excess of $10,000,000 individually or in the aggregate, was issued, Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 55 created, assumed, guaranteed or secured and such default or breach continues for more than any applicable grace period or permits the holder of any such Indebtedness to accelerate the maturity thereof, or (2) that is between any Credit Party and Lender or Affiliate of Lender (other than the Loan Documents), (ii) any Indebtedness of (A) Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary in excess of $100,000 individually or in the aggregate or (B) any other Credit Party in excess of $10,000,000 individually or in the aggregate is declared to be due and payable or is required to be prepaid (other than by a regularly scheduled payment or a payment due on the voluntary termination of a capital lease) prior to the stated maturity thereof, or any obligation of such Person for the payment of Indebtedness in excess of $100,000 individually or in the aggregate in respect of Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary or $10,000,000 individually or in the aggregate in respect of any other Credit Party (other than the Obligations) is not paid when due or within any applicable grace period, or any such obligation becomes or is declared to be due and payable before the expressed maturity thereof, or there occurs any event which would cause any such obligation to become, or allow any such obligation to be declared, due and payable or (iii) any default or breach by Borrower occurs under any Intercreditor Agreement or Mortgage Loan Document which is not cured within any applicable grace period; (g) any Credit Party shall (i) be unable to pay its debts generally as they become due, (ii) file a petition under any insolvency statute, (iii) make a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors, (iv) commence a proceeding for the appointment of a receiver, trustee, liquidator or conservator of itself or of the whole or any substantial part of its property or shall otherwise be dissolved or liquidated, or (v) file a petition seeking reorganization or liquidation or similar relief under any Debtor Relief Law or any other applicable law or statute; (h) (i) a court of competent jurisdiction shall (A) enter an order, judgment or decree appointing a custodian, receiver, trustee, liquidator or conservator of any Credit Party or the whole or any substantial part of any such Person's properties, which shall continue unstayed and in effect for a period of sixty (60) calendar days, (B) shall approve a petition filed against any Credit Party seeking reorganization, liquidation or similar relief under any Debtor Relief Law or any other applicable law or statute, which is not dismissed within sixty (60) calendar days or, (C) under the provisions of any Debtor Relief Law or other applicable law or statute, assume custody or control of any Credit Party or of the whole or any substantial part of any such Person's properties, which is not irrevocably relinquished within sixty (60) calendar days, or (ii) there is commenced against any Credit Party any proceeding or petition seeking reorganization, liquidation or similar relief under any Debtor Relief Law or any other applicable law or statute, which (A) is not unconditionally dismissed within sixty (60) calendar days after the date of commencement, or (B) is with respect to which any Credit Party takes any action to indicate its approval or consent; (i) (i) any Change of Control occurs, (ii) any Material Adverse Effect or Material Adverse Change occurs or (iii) Borrower ceases any material portion of its business operations as conducted at the Closing Date; (j) an event of default occurs under any other Loan Document and remains un-remedied or uncured for any applicable cure periods; Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 56 (k) any Credit Party or any of Borrower's directors or senior officers is criminally indicted or convicted (a) of a felony, or (b) under any law that could lead to a forfeiture of any material (as determined by Lender in its sole discretion) Collateral; (l) Ashford shall fail to maintain compliance with all financial covenants contained in Sections 6.13 and 6.14 of the Ashford Credit Facility; or (m) the issuance of any process for levy, attachment or garnishment or execution upon or prior to any judgment against (i) Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary in an amount in excess of $50,000 individually or $100,000 in the aggregate or (ii) any other Credit Party in an amount in excess of $2,500,000 in the aggregate or any of its or their material property or assets or against any of the Collateral, in each case which is/are not satisfied, stayed, vacated, dismissed or discharged within thirty (30) calendar days of being issued or executed. In any such event, notwithstanding any other provision of any Loan Document, (I) Lender may, by notice to Borrower (i) terminate its obligations hereunder, whereupon the same shall immediately terminate, and (ii) declare all or any of the Loan and/or Notes, all interest thereon and all other Obligations to be due and payable immediately (except in the case of an Event of Default under Section 8(d), (g), (h) (other than an Event of Default under Section 8(g) or (h) with respect to any Guarantor) or (j), in which event all of the foregoing shall automatically and without further act by Lender be due and payable and Lender's obligations hereunder shall terminate; and (II) effective immediately upon Receipt of notice from Lender (unless specifically prohibited and provided for in Article VII, in which case effective immediately upon an Event of Default without any action of Lender) after any such Event of Default, no action permitted to be taken under Article VII hereof may be taken. IX. RIGHTS AND REMEDIES AFTER DEFAULT 9.1 RIGHTS AND REMEDIES (a) In addition to the acceleration provisions set forth in Article VIII above, upon the occurrence and continuation of an Event of Default, Lender shall have the right (subject to any applicable limitations set forth in the Intercreditor Agreements) to exercise any and all rights, options and remedies provided for in any Loan Document, under the UCC or at law or in equity, including, without limitation, the right to (i) apply any property of any Credit Party held by Lender to reduce the Obligations, (ii) foreclose the Liens created under the Loan Documents, (iii) realize upon, take possession of and/or sell any Collateral or securities pledged, with or without judicial process, (iv) exercise all rights and powers with respect to the Collateral as any Credit Party, as applicable, might exercise, (v) collect and send notices regarding the Collateral, with or without judicial process, (vi) by its own means or with judicial assistance, enter any premises at which Collateral and/or pledged securities are located or dispose of the Collateral and/or pledged securities on such premises without any liability for rent, storage, utilities, or other sums, and no Credit Party shall resist or interfere with such action, (vii) at Borrower's expense, require that all or any part of the Collateral be assembled and made available to Lender at any place designated by Lender in its sole discretion, (viii) reduce or otherwise change the Facility Cap, the Availability, the Borrowing Base and/or any component of the foregoing and/or (ix) relinquish or abandon its security interest in any Collateral. Notwithstanding any provision Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 57 of any Loan Document, Lender, in its sole discretion, shall have the right, at any time that any Credit Party fails to do so, and from time to time, without prior notice, to: (A) obtain insurance covering any of the Collateral to the extent required hereunder; (B) pay for the performance of any of the Obligations; (C) discharge taxes, levies and/or Liens on any of the Collateral that are in violation of any Loan Document unless such Credit Party is in good faith with due diligence by appropriate proceedings contesting those items; and (D) pay for the maintenance, repair and/or preservation of the Collateral. Such expenses and advances shall be added to the Obligations until reimbursed to Lender and shall be secured by the Collateral, and such payments by Lender shall not be construed as a waiver by Lender of any Event of Default or any other rights or remedies of Lender. (b) Credit Parties jointly and severally agree that notice received by any of them at least ten (10) calendar days before the time of any intended public sale, or the time after which any private sale or other disposition of Collateral is to be made, shall be deemed to be reasonable notice of such sale or other disposition. If permitted by applicable law, any perishable Collateral which threatens to speedily decline in value or which is sold on a recognized market may be sold immediately by Lender without prior notice to Credit Parties. At any sale or disposition of Collateral or securities pledged, Lender may (to the extent permitted by applicable law) purchase all or any part thereof free from any right of redemption by any Credit Party which right is hereby waived and released. Borrower covenants and agrees not to interfere with or impose any obstacle to Lender's exercise of its rights and remedies with respect to the Collateral. In dealing with or disposing of the Collateral or any part thereof, Lender shall not be required to give priority or preference to any item of Collateral or otherwise to marshal assets or to take possession or sell any Collateral with judicial process. 9.2 APPLICATION OF PROCEEDS Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement (including, without limitation, Section 2.5 and Section 2.16 hereof), in addition to any other rights, options and remedies Lender has under the Loan Documents, the UCC, at law or in equity, all dividends, interest, rents, issues, profits, fees, revenues, income and other proceeds collected or received from collecting, holding, managing, renting, selling, or otherwise disposing of all or any part of the Collateral or any proceeds thereof upon exercise of its remedies hereunder upon the occurrence and continuation of an Event of Default shall be applied in the following order of priority: (i) first, to the payment of all costs and expenses of such collection, storage, lease, holding, operation, management, sale, disposition or delivery and of conducting Borrower's business and of maintenance, repairs, replacements, alterations, additions and improvements of or to the Collateral, and to the payment of all sums which Lender may be required or may elect to pay, if any, for taxes, assessments, insurance and other charges upon the Collateral or any part thereof, and all other payments that Lender may be required or authorized to make under any provision of this Agreement (including, without limitation, in each such case, in-house documentation and diligence fees and legal expenses, search, audit, recording, professional and filing fees and expenses and reasonable attorneys' fees and all expenses, liabilities and advances made or incurred in connection therewith); (ii) second, to the payment of all Obligations in such order as determined by Lender in its sole discretion; (iii) third, to the payment of any surplus then remaining to Borrower, unless otherwise provided by law or directed by a court of competent jurisdiction; provided, that Borrower, and each Guarantor to the extent provided for in Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 58 any Guaranty executed by such Guarantor, shall be liable for any deficiency if such proceeds are insufficient to satisfy the Obligations (other than indemnity obligations under the Loan Documents that are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then pending) or any of the other items referred to in this Section (other than Section 9.2(iii) to the extent the Obligations (other than indemnity obligations under the Loan Documents that are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then pending) have been indefeasibly paid in full in cash). 9.3 RIGHTS TO APPOINT RECEIVER Without limiting and in addition to any other rights, options and remedies Lender has under the Loan Documents, the UCC, at law or in equity, upon the occurrence and continuation of an Event of Default, Lender shall have the right to apply for and have a receiver appointed by a court of competent jurisdiction in any action taken by Lender to enforce its rights and remedies in order to manage, protect and preserve the Collateral and continue the operation of the business of Borrower and to collect all revenues and profits thereof and apply the same to the payment of all expenses and other charges of such receivership including the compensation of the receiver and to the payments as aforesaid until a sale or other disposition of such Collateral shall be finally made and consummated. 9.4 ATTORNEY-IN-FACT Each Credit Party hereby irrevocably appoints Lender as its attorney-in-fact for the limited purpose of taking any action permitted under the Loan Documents that Lender deems necessary or desirable (in Lender's sole discretion) upon the occurrence and continuation of an Event of Default to protect and realize upon Lender's Lien in the Collateral, including the execution and delivery of any and all documents or instruments related to the Collateral in such Credit Party's name, and said appointment shall create in Lender a power coupled with an interest. 9.5 BLOCKED ACCOUNTS Without limiting any other provision of any Loan Document and in addition to any other rights, options and remedies, Lender has under the Loan Documents, the UCC, at law or in equity, upon the occurrence and continuation of any Event of Default, Lender shall have the right to require that all amounts in all Deposit Accounts (except for the Residual Proceeds Account and any Investment Property excluded from the Collateral in accordance with Section 2.10(d)) of Borrower are paid and delivered directly into a blocked account under the sole dominion and control of Lender and that all such amounts are immediately transferred into a depository account or accounts maintained by Lender or an Affiliate of Lender at such bank as Lender may determine in its sole discretion. 9.6 RIGHTS AND REMEDIES NOT EXCLUSIVE Lender shall have the right in its sole discretion to determine which rights, Liens and/or remedies Lender may at any time pursue, relinquish, subordinate or modify, and such determination will not in any way modify or affect any of Lender's rights, Liens or remedies under any Loan Document, applicable law or equity. The enumeration of any rights and Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 59 remedies in any Loan Document is not intended to be exhaustive, and all rights and remedies of Lender described in any Loan Document are cumulative and are not alternative to or exclusive of any other rights or remedies which Lender otherwise may have. The partial or complete exercise of any right or remedy shall not preclude any other further exercise of such or any other right or remedy. X. WAIVERS AND JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS 10.1 WAIVERS Except as expressly provided for herein, each Credit Party hereby waives set off, counterclaim, demand, presentment, protest, all defenses with respect to any and all instruments and all notices and demands of any description, and the pleading of any statute of limitations as a defense to any demand under any Loan Document. Each Credit Party hereby waives any and all defenses and counterclaims it may have or could interpose in any action or procedure brought by Lender to obtain an order of court recognizing the assignment of, or Lien of Lender, in and to, any Collateral. NOTHING CONTAINED IN THE IMMEDIATELY PRECEEDING SENTENCE SHALL PREVENT OR PROHIBIT ANY CREDIT PARTY FROM INSTITUTING OR MAINTAINING A SEPARATE ACTION AGAINST LENDER WITH RESPECT TO ANY ASSERTED CLAIM CONSTITUTING A MANDATORY COUNTERCLAIM. LENDER HEREBY WAIVES ANY DEFENSE OR OBJECTION TO ANY CREDIT PARTY INSTITUTING OR MAINTAINING SUCH A SEPARATE ACTION AGAINST LENDER FOR ANY CLAIM WHICH BORROWER IS PRECLUDED FROM INTERPOSING AS A COUNTERCLAIM IN ANY PROCEEDING COMMENCED BY LENDER DESCRIBED IN THIS SECTION 10.1, BUT THE DEFENSES AND OBJECTIONS SO WAIVED ARE LIMITED SOLELY TO DEFENSES AND OBJECTIONS BASED ON THE ASSERTION OF SUCH CLAIM IN A SEPARATE ACTION AND DO NOT INCLUDE ANY OTHER DEFENSES OR OBJECTIONS, WHETHER PROCEDURAL OR SUBSTANTIVE. 10.2 DELAY; NO WAIVER OF DEFAULTS No course of action or dealing, renewal, release or extension of any provision of any Loan Document, or single or partial exercise of any such provision, or delay, failure or omission on Lender's part in enforcing any such provision shall affect the liability of any Credit Party or operate as a waiver of such provision or preclude any other or further exercise of such provision. No waiver by any party to any Loan Document of any one or more defaults by any other party in the performance of any of the provisions of any Loan Document shall operate or be construed as a waiver of any future default, whether of a like or different nature, and each such waiver shall be limited solely to the express terms and provisions of such waiver. Notwithstanding any other provision of any Loan Document, by completing the Closing under this Agreement and/or by making Advances, Lender does not waive any breach of any Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 60 representation or warranty of under any Loan Document, and all of Lender's claims and rights resulting from any such breach or misrepresentation are specifically reserved. 10.3 JURY WAIVER EACH PARTY TO THIS AGREEMENT HEREBY EXPRESSLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY OF ANY CLAIM OR CAUSE OF ACTION ARISING UNDER THE LOAN DOCUMENTS OR IN ANY WAY CONNECTED WITH OR INCIDENTAL TO THE DEALINGS OF THE PARTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE LOAN DOCUMENTS OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED THEREBY, WHETHER NOW EXISTING OR HEREAFTER ARISING, AND WHETHER SOUNDING IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE. EACH PARTY HEREBY AGREES AND CONSENTS THAT ANY SUCH CLAIM OR CAUSE OF ACTION SHALL BE DECIDED BY COURT TRIAL WITHOUT A JURY, AND THAT ANY PARTY TO THIS AGREEMENT MAY FILE AN ORIGINAL COUNTERPART OR A COPY OF THIS SECTION WITH ANY COURT AS WRITTEN EVIDENCE OF THE CONSENTS OF THE PARTIES TO THE WAIVER OF THEIR RESPECTIVE RIGHTS TO TRIAL BY JURY. 10.4 AMENDMENT AND WAIVERS (a) Except as otherwise provided herein, no amendment, modification, termination, or waiver of any provision of this Agreement or any Loan Document, or consent to any departure by Borrower therefrom, shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be in writing and signed by Lender and Borrower and the other signatures hereto. (b) Each amendment, modification, termination or waiver shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the specific purpose for which it was given. No amendment, modification, termination or waiver shall be required for Lender, to take additional Collateral pursuant to any Loan Document. (c) Any amendment, modification, termination, waiver or consent effected in accordance with this Section 10.4 shall be binding upon Lender, Borrower and each other signatory hereto. XI. EFFECTIVE DATE AND TERMINATION 11.1 EFFECTIVENESS AND TERMINATION Subject to Lender's right to accelerate the Loan and terminate and cease making and funding Advances upon the occurrence and during the continuation of any Event of Default, this Agreement shall continue in full force and effect until the Maturity Date, unless terminated sooner as provided in this Section 11.1. Borrower may not terminate (i) this Agreement or (ii) terminate the Loan in full without terminating this entire Agreement and the Loan. Borrower may terminate this Agreement either (x) in connection with a voluntary prepayment in full in cash of all Obligations (other than indemnity obligations under the Loan Documents that are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then pending) pursuant to Section 2.8(i) or (y) at any time after July 13, 2005, upon not less than ninety (90) calendar days prior written notice to Lender and upon full performance and Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 61 indefeasible payment in full in cash of all Obligations (other than indemnity obligations under the Loan Documents that are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then pending) on or prior to such 90th calendar day after Receipt by Lender of such written notice. Upon the Maturity Date, or any such termination by Borrower, the obligation of the Lender to make Advances under the Loan shall terminate. All of the Obligations shall be immediately due and payable upon the earlier of the Maturity Date or any such termination on the Maturity Date or the termination date stated in the notice of termination, as applicable (the "TERMINATION DATE"). Notwithstanding the foregoing, any termination notice by Borrower pursuant to clause (y) of this Section 11.1 shall be revocable; provided, that any revocation shall be by written notice by Borrower to Lender and to the extent Borrower wishes to terminate this Agreement after any such revocation it shall do so only in compliance with the time periods and other requirements of this Section 11.1 (i.e., once a termination notice is revoked, any subsequent termination notice shall be subject to the full advance notice and effectiveness requirements of this Section 11.1). Notwithstanding any other provision of any Loan Document, no termination of this Agreement shall affect Lender's rights or any of the Obligations existing as of the effective date of such termination, and the provisions of the Loan Documents shall continue to be fully operative until the Obligations (other than indemnity obligations under the Loan Documents that are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then pending) have been fully performed and indefeasibly paid in cash in full. The Liens granted to Lender, under the Security Documents and the financing statements filed pursuant thereto and the rights and powers of Lender shall continue in full force and effect notwithstanding the fact that Borrower's borrowings hereunder may from time to time be in a zero or credit position until all of the Obligations (other than indemnity obligations under the Loan Documents that are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then pending) have been fully performed and indefeasibly paid in full in cash. 11.2 SURVIVAL All obligations, covenants, agreements, representations, warranties, waivers and indemnities made by any Credit Party in any Loan Document shall survive the execution and delivery of the Loan Documents, the Closing, the making and funding of the Loan and any termination of this Agreement until all Obligations (other than indemnity obligations under the Loan Documents that are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then pending) are fully performed and indefeasibly paid in full in cash. The obligations and provisions of Sections 3.4, 3.6, 6.15, 10.1, 10.3, 11.1, 11.2, 13.1, 13.3, 13.4, 13.7, 13.9, 13.10 and 13.11 shall survive termination of the Loan Documents and any payment, in full or in part, of the Obligations. XII. GUARANTY 12.1 GUARANTY Each Foreclosure Subsidiary hereby unconditionally and irrevocably guarantees the punctual payment when due, whether at stated maturity, by acceleration or otherwise, of all Obligations of Borrower now or hereafter existing under any Loan Document, whether for principal, interest (including, without limitation, all interest that accrues after the commencement of any proceeding of Borrower under any Debtor Relief Laws), fees, commissions, expense Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 62 reimbursements, indemnifications or otherwise (such obligations, to the extent not paid by any Borrower, the "GUARANTEED OBLIGATIONS"), and agrees to pay any and all costs, fees and expenses (including reasonable counsel fees and expenses) incurred by Lender in enforcing any rights under the guaranty set forth in this Article XII. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, each Foreclosure Subsidiary's liability shall extend to all amounts that constitute part of the Guaranteed Obligations and would be owed by Borrower to Lender under any Loan Document, but for the fact that they are unenforceable or not allowable due to the existence of any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Laws involving Borrower or any other Credit Party. 12.2 GUARANTY ABSOLUTE Each Foreclosure Subsidiary guarantees that the Guaranteed Obligations will be paid strictly in accordance with the terms of the Loan Documents, regardless of any law, regulation or order now or hereafter in effect in any jurisdiction affecting any such terms or the rights of Lender with respect thereto. The obligations of each Foreclosure Subsidiary under this Article XII are independent of the Guaranteed Obligations, and a separate action or actions may be brought and prosecuted against such Foreclosure Subsidiary to enforce such obligations, irrespective of whether any action is brought against such Foreclosure Subsidiary or whether such Foreclosure Subsidiary is joined in any such action or actions. The liability of each Foreclosure Subsidiary under this Article XII shall be irrevocable, absolute and unconditional irrespective of, and such Foreclosure Subsidiary hereby irrevocably waives any defenses (other than the defense of payment in full of the Obligations) it may now or hereafter have in any way relating to, any or all of the following: (a) any lack of validity or enforceability of any Loan Document or any agreement or instrument relating thereto; (b) any change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in any other term of, all or any of the Guaranteed Obligations, or any other amendment or waiver of or any consent to departure from any Loan Document, including, without limitation, any increase in the Guaranteed Obligations resulting from the extension of additional credit to Borrower, any Credit Party or otherwise; (c) any taking, exchange, release or non-perfection of any Collateral, or any taking, release or amendment or waiver of or consent to departure from any other guaranty, for all or any of the Guaranteed Obligations; (d) any change, restructuring or termination of the limited liability company or partnership structure or existence of Borrower or such Foreclosure Subsidiary; or (e) any other circumstance (including, without limitation, any statute of limitations) or any existence of or reliance on any representation by Lender that might otherwise constitute a defense available to, or a discharge of, Borrower or such Foreclosure Subsidiary or any other guarantor or surety. This Article XII shall continue to be effective or be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time any payment of any of the Guaranteed Obligations is rescinded or must otherwise be returned by Lender or any other Person upon the insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 63 Borrower or any Foreclosure Subsidiary or otherwise, all as though such payment had not been made. 12.3 WAIVER Each Foreclosure Subsidiary hereby waives promptness, diligence, notice of acceptance and any other notice with respect to any of the Guaranteed Obligations and this Article XII and any requirement that Lender exhaust any right or take any action against Borrower, any other Guarantor or any other Person or any Collateral. Each Foreclosure Subsidiary acknowledges that it will receive direct and indirect benefits from the financing arrangements contemplated herein and that the waiver set forth in this Section 12.3 is knowingly made in contemplation of such benefits. Each Foreclosure Subsidiary hereby waives any right to revoke this Article XII, and acknowledges that this Article XII is continuing in nature and applies to all Guaranteed Obligations, whether existing now or in the future. 12.4 CONTINUING GUARANTY; ASSIGNMENTS This Article XII is a continuing guaranty and shall (a) remain in full force and effect until the indefeasible cash payment in full of the Guaranteed Obligations and all other amounts payable under this Article XII, (b) be binding upon each Foreclosure Subsidiary, its successors and assigns and (c) inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, Lender and its permitted successors, pledgees, transferees and assigns. 12.5 SUBROGATION No Foreclosure Subsidiary will exercise any rights that it may now or hereafter acquire against Borrower or any other Guarantor or that arise from the existence, payment, performance or enforcement of such Foreclosure Subsidiary's obligations under this Article XII, including, without limitation, any right of subrogation, reimbursement, exoneration, contribution or indemnification and any right to participate in any claim or remedy of Lender against Borrower, any other Guarantor or any Collateral, whether or not such claim, remedy or right arises in equity or under contract, statute or common law including, without limitation, the right to take or receive from Borrower or any other Guarantor, directly or indirectly, in cash or other property or by set-off or in any other manner, payment or security solely on account of such claim, remedy or right, unless and until all of the Guaranteed Obligations and all other amounts payable under this Article XII shall have been indefeasibly paid in full in cash and all commitments to lend hereunder shall have terminated if (i) Borrower or any Guarantor shall make payment to Lender of all or any part of the Guaranteed Obligations, (ii) all of the Guaranteed Obligations and all other amounts payable under this Article XII shall be paid in full in cash and (iii) all Commitments to lend hereunder shall have been terminated, Lender will, at such Foreclosure Subsidiary's request and expense, execute and deliver to such Foreclosure Subsidiary appropriate documents, without recourse and without representation or warranty, necessary to evidence the transfer by subrogation to such Foreclosure Subsidiary of an interest in the Guaranteed Obligations resulting from such payment by such Foreclosure Subsidiary. Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 64 XIII. MISCELLANEOUS 13.1 GOVERNING LAW; JURISDICTION; SERVICE OF PROCESS; VENUE The Loan Documents shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of Maryland without giving effect to its choice of law provisions. Any judicial proceeding against any one or more Credit Parties with respect to the Obligations, any Loan Document or any related agreement may be brought in any federal or state court of competent jurisdiction located in the State of Maryland. By execution and delivery of each Loan Document to which it is a party, each Credit Party (i) accepts the non-exclusive jurisdiction of the aforesaid courts and irrevocably agrees to be bound by any judgment rendered thereby, (ii) waives personal service of process, (iii) agrees that service of process upon it may be made by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, pursuant to Section 13.5 hereof, and (iv) waives any objection to jurisdiction and venue of any action instituted hereunder and agrees not to assert any defense based on lack of jurisdiction, venue, convenience or forum non conveniens. Nothing shall affect the right of any Credit Party or Lender to serve process in any manner permitted by law or shall limit the right of Lender to bring proceedings against any Credit Party in the courts of any other jurisdiction having jurisdiction. Any judicial proceedings against Lender involving, directly or indirectly, the Obligations, any Loan Document or any related agreement shall be brought only in a federal or state court located in the State of Maryland. All parties acknowledge that they participated in the negotiation and drafting of this Agreement with the assistance of counsel and that, accordingly, no party shall move or petition a court construing this Agreement to construe it more stringently against one party than against any other. 13.2 SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS; ASSIGNMENTS AND PARTICIPATIONS (a) Subject to Sections 13.2(f) and (h), Lender may at any time assign all or a portion of its rights and delegate all or a portion of its obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents (including all its rights and obligations with respect to the Loan) to one or more Persons constituting a Qualified Transferee, Eligible Transferee or Qualified Institutional Lender (each as defined in the applicable Intercreditor Agreement (a "TRANSFEREE")); provided, that such assignment shall be in an amount of not less than $5,000,000; provided, further, that notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement (including, without limitation, any limitation set forth in this Section 13.2(a)), CapitalSource hereby agrees that so long as (A) any Obligations (other than indemnity obligations under the Loan Documents that are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then pending) remain outstanding, (B) no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, and (C) CapitalSource has not previously assigned any of its rights during the continuance of a Default or Event of Default, its aggregate Commitments shall equal at least fifty and one-tenth of one percent (50.1%) of the total aggregate Commitments. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, there shall be no limitation or restriction on Lender's ability to assign, pledge or otherwise transfer any Note or other Obligation if an Event of Default shall have occurred. The Transferee and Lender shall execute and deliver for acceptance and recording in the Register, a Lender Addition Agreement, which shall be in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Lender in its sole discretion. Upon such execution, delivery, acceptance and Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 65 recording, from and after the effective date determined pursuant to such Lender Addition Agreement, (i) the Transferee thereunder shall be a party hereto and, to the extent provided in such Lender Addition Agreement, have the same rights, benefits and obligations as it would if it were a Lender hereunder, (ii) the assigning Lender shall be relieved of its obligations hereunder with respect to its Commitment or assigned portion thereof, as the case may be, to the extent that such obligations shall have been expressly assumed by the Transferee pursuant to such Lender Addition Agreement (and, in the case of a Lender Addition Agreement covering all or the remaining portion of an assigning Lender's rights and obligations under this Agreement, such assigning Lender shall cease to be a party hereto but, with respect to matters occurring before such assignment, shall nevertheless continue to be entitled to the benefits of Sections 13.4 and 13.7). Credit Parties hereby acknowledge and agree that any assignment will give rise to a direct obligation of Credit Parties to the Transferee and that the Transferee shall be considered to be a "Lender" hereunder. Credit Parties may not sell, assign or transfer any interest in this Agreement, any of the other Loan Documents, or any of the Obligations, or any portion thereof, including Credit Parties' rights, title, interests, remedies, powers, and duties hereunder or thereunder. (b) Lender may at any time sell participations in all or any part of its rights and obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents (including all its rights and obligations with respect to the Loan) to one or more Persons (each, a "PARTICIPANT"); provided, that such sale shall be in an amount of not less than $5,000,000. In the event of any such sale by Lender of a participation to a Participant, (i) Lender's obligations under this Agreement to the other parties to this Agreement shall remain unchanged, (ii) Lender shall remain solely responsible for the performance thereof, (iii) Lender shall remain the holder of any such Loan (and any Note evidencing such Loan) for all purposes under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, and (iv) Credit Parties and Lender shall continue to deal solely and directly with Lender in connection with Lender's rights and obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents. Any agreement pursuant to which Lender shall sell any such participation shall provide that Lender shall retain the sole right and responsibility to exercise Lender's rights and enforce each of Credit Parties' obligations hereunder, including the right to consent to any amendment, supplement, modification or waiver of any provision of this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents; provided, that such participation agreement may provide that Lender will not agree, without the consent of the Participant, to any amendment, supplement, modification or waiver of: (A) any reduction in the principal amount, interest rate or fees payable with respect to any Loan in which such holder participates; (B) any extension of the termination date of this Agreement or the date fixed for any payment of principal, interest or fees payable with respect to any Loan in which such holder participates; and (C) any release of all or substantially all of the Collateral (other than in accordance with the terms of this Agreement or the Loan Documents). Credit Parties hereby acknowledge and agree that the Participant under each participation shall, solely for the purposes of Section 13.4 of this Agreement be considered to be a "Lender" hereunder. (c) Lender, on behalf of Credit Parties, shall maintain at its address referred to in Section 13.5 a copy of each Lender Addition Agreement delivered to it and the Register. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, Lender shall treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Register as the owner of the Loan, the Notes and the Commitment recorded therein for all purposes of this Agreement. The Register shall be available for Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 66 inspection by the Credit Parties or any Lender at any reasonable time and from time to time upon reasonable prior notice. (d) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, no assignment under Section 13.2(a) of any rights or obligations under or in respect of the Loan or the Notes evidencing such Loan shall be effective unless and until Lender shall have recorded the assignment pursuant to Section 13.2(c). Upon its receipt of a Lender Addition Agreement executed by an assigning Lender and a Transferee, Lender shall (i) promptly accept such Lender Addition Agreement and (ii) on the effective date determined pursuant thereto record the information contained therein in the Register and give prompt notice of such acceptance and recordation to the Lender and Credit Parties. On or prior to such effective date, the assigning Lender shall surrender any outstanding Notes held by it, all or a portion of which are being assigned, and Credit Parties, at their own expense, shall, upon the request of Lender by the assigning Lender or the Transferee, as applicable, execute and deliver to Lender, within five (5) Business Days of any request, new Notes to reflect the interest held by the assigning Lender and its Transferee. (e) Except as otherwise provided in this Section 13.2 Lender shall not, as between Credit Parties and Lender, be relieved of any of its obligations hereunder as a result of any sale, assignment, transfer or negotiation of, or granting of a participation in, all or any part of the Loan or other Obligations owed to Lender. (f) Notwithstanding any other provision set forth in this Agreement, Lender may at any time create a security interest in all or any portion of its rights under this Agreement, including, without limitation, the Loan owing to it and the Notes held by it and the other Loan Documents and Collateral, in favor of any Federal Reserve Bank in accordance with applicable law. (g) Credit Parties agree to use commercially reasonable efforts at no expense to such Credit Party to assist Lender in assigning or selling participations, in compliance with the provisions of this Agreement, in all or any part of any Loan made by Lender to another Person identified by Lender; provided that no amendments or modifications to the material terms of this Agreement shall be required of Credit Parties in connection therewith without their prior consent. (h) Notwithstanding anything in the Loan Documents to the contrary, (i) Lender and its Affiliates shall not be required to execute and deliver a Lender Addition Agreement in connection with any transaction involving its Affiliates or lenders, (ii) no lender to or funding or financing source of Lender or its Affiliates shall be considered a Transferee, (iii) there shall be no limitation or restriction on Lender's ability to assign or otherwise transfer any Loan Document to any such Affiliate or lender or funding or financing source, and (iv) there shall be no limitation or restriction on such Affiliates' or lenders' or financing or funding sources' ability to assign or otherwise transfer any Loan Document, Loan, Note or Obligation (or any of its rights thereunder or interest therein); provided, however, Lender shall continue to be liable as a "Lender" under the Loan Documents unless such Affiliate or lender or funding or financing source executes a Lender Addition Agreement and thereby becomes a "Lender." Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 67 (i) The Loan Documents shall inure to the benefit of Lender, each permitted Transferee, Participant (to the extent expressly provided therein only) and all future permitted holders of the Notes, the Obligations and/or any of the Collateral, and each of their respective permitted successors and permitted assigns. Each Loan Document shall be binding upon the Persons other than Lender that are parties thereto and their respective successors and assigns, and no such Person may assign, delegate or transfer any Loan Document or any of its rights or obligations thereunder without the prior written consent of Lender. No rights are intended to be created under any Loan Document for the benefit of any third party donee, creditor or incidental beneficiary of any Credit Party. Nothing contained in any Loan Document shall be construed as a delegation to Lender of any other Person's duty of performance. BORROWER ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT LENDER AT ANY TIME AND FROM TIME TO TIME MAY (I) DIVIDE AND REISSUE (WITHOUT SUBSTANTIVE CHANGES OTHER THAN THOSE RESULTING FROM SUCH DIVISION) THE NOTES, AND/OR (II) SELL, ASSIGN OR GRANT PARTICIPATING INTERESTS IN OR TRANSFER ALL OR ANY PART OF ITS RIGHTS OR OBLIGATIONS UNDER ANY LOAN DOCUMENT, NOTE, THE OBLIGATIONS AND/OR THE COLLATERAL TO OTHER PERSONS, IN EACH CASE ON THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS PROVIDED HEREIN. Each permitted Transferee shall have all of the rights and benefits with respect to the Obligations, Notes, Collateral and/or Loan Documents held by it as fully as if the original holder thereof; provided, that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any Loan Document, no Credit Party shall be obligated to pay under this Agreement to any Participant any sum in excess of the sum which it would have been obligated to pay to Lender had such participation not been effected. Lender may disclose to any Transferee or Participant all information, reports, financial statements, certificates and documents obtained under any provision of any Loan Document; provided, that Transferees and Participants shall be subject to the confidentiality provisions contained herein that are applicable to Lender. (j) Subject to Section 13.2(h), to the extent CapitalSource assigns all or any portion of its obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to one or more Transferees after the Closing Date, CapitalSource agrees to enter into an amendment and restatement of this Agreement for the purpose of including agency provisions and voting rights typical of those found in a syndicated loan transaction for a similarly situated borrower. 13.3 APPLICATION OF PAYMENTS To the extent that any payment made or received with respect to the Obligations is subsequently invalidated, determined to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, defeased or required to be repaid to a trustee, debtor in possession, receiver, custodian or any other Person under any Debtor Relief Law, common law or equitable cause or any other law, then the Obligations intended to be satisfied by such payment shall be revived and shall continue as if such payment had not been received by Lender and the Liens created hereby shall be revived automatically without any action on the part of any party hereto and shall continue as if such payment had not been received by Lender. Except as specifically provided in this Agreement, any payments with respect to the Obligations received shall be credited and applied in such manner and order as Lender shall decide in its sole discretion. Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 68 13.4 INDEMNITY Credit Parties, jointly and severally, shall indemnify Lender, its Affiliates and managers, members, officers, employees, agents, representatives, successors, assigns, accountants and attorneys (collectively, the "INDEMNIFIED PERSONS") from and against any and all liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, penalties, actions, judgments, suits, costs, expenses and disbursements of any kind or nature whatsoever (including, without limitation, reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel and in-house documentation and diligence fees and reasonable legal expenses) which may be imposed on, incurred by or asserted against any Indemnified Person with respect to or arising out of, or in any litigation, proceeding or investigation instituted or conducted by any Person with respect to any aspect of, or any transaction contemplated by, or any matter related to, any act of or omission by Borrower or any of its officers, directors, agents, except to the extent any of the foregoing arises out of the gross negligence or willful misconduct of any Indemnified Person. If any Indemnified Person uses in-house counsel for any purpose for which Credit Parties are responsible to pay or indemnify, Credit Parties expressly agree that their indemnification obligations include reasonable charges for such work commensurate with the fees that would otherwise be charged by outside legal counsel selected by such Indemnified Person in its reasonable discretion for the work performed. Lender agrees to give Credit Parties reasonable notice of any event of which Lender becomes aware for which indemnification may be required under this Section 13.4. If Lender notifies any Credit Party of any claim or proceeding for which the Credit Parties are required to indemnify Lender hereunder, such Credit Party shall assume on behalf of Lender, with the prior consent of Lender, the defense thereof with counsel selected by the Credit Party; provided that Lender shall have the right to be represented by advisory counsel of its own selection and at the expense of such Credit Party. If the applicable Credit Party fails to assume promptly the defense of Lender, then Lender may, upon prior notice to such Credit Party, defend (or settle, with the Credit Party's prior written consent, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) the claim at the Credit Parties' expense using counsel selected by the Lender. Any Indemnified Person may, in its reasonable discretion, take such actions as it deems necessary and appropriate to investigate, defend or settle any event or take other remedial or corrective actions with respect thereto as may be necessary for the protection of such Indemnified Person or the Collateral, subject to Credit Parties' prior approval of any settlement, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any insurer agrees to undertake the defense of an event (an "INSURED EVENT"), Lender agrees not to exercise its right to select counsel to defend the event if that would cause Credit Parties' insurer to deny coverage; provided, however, that Lender reserves the right to retain counsel to represent any Indemnified Person with respect to an Insured Event at its sole cost and expense. To the extent that Lender obtains recovery from a third party other than an Indemnified Person of any of the amounts that Credit Parties have paid to Lender pursuant to the indemnity set forth in this Section 13.4, then Lender shall promptly pay to Credit Parties the amount of such recovery. Without limiting any of the foregoing, Credit Parties, jointly and severally, indemnify the Indemnified Parties for all claims for brokerage fees or commissions (other than claims of a broker with whom such Indemnified Party has directly contracted in writing) which may be made in connection with respect to any aspect of, or any transaction contemplated by or referred to in, or any matter related to, any Loan Document or any agreement, document or transaction contemplated thereby. Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 69 13.5 NOTICE Any notice or request under any Loan Document shall be given to any party to this Agreement at such party's address set forth beneath its signature on the signature page to this Agreement, or at such other address as such party may hereafter specify in a notice given in the manner required under this Section 13.5. Any notice or request hereunder shall be given only by, and shall be deemed to have been received upon (each, a "RECEIPT"): (i) registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, on the date on which such received as indicated in such return receipt, (ii) delivery by a nationally recognized overnight courier, one (1) Business Day after deposit with such courier, or (iii) facsimile or electronic transmission, in each case upon telephone or further electronic communication from the recipient acknowledging receipt (whether automatic or manual from recipient), as applicable. 13.6 SEVERABILITY; CAPTIONS; COUNTERPARTS; FACSIMILE SIGNATURES If any provision of any Loan Document is adjudicated to be invalid under applicable laws or regulations, such provision shall be inapplicable to the extent of such invalidity without affecting the validity or enforceability of the remainder of the Loan Documents which shall be given effect so far as possible. The captions in the Loan Documents are intended for convenience and reference only and shall not affect the meaning or interpretation of the Loan Documents. The Loan Documents may be executed in one or more counterparts (which taken together, as applicable, shall constitute one and the same instrument) and by facsimile transmission, which facsimile signatures shall be considered original executed counterparts. Each party to this Agreement agrees that it will be bound by its own facsimile signature and that it accepts the facsimile signature of each other party. 13.7 EXPENSES Credit Parties jointly and severally shall pay, whether or not the Closing occurs, all reasonable out-of-pocket fees, costs and expenses incurred or earned by Lender and/or its Affiliates, including, without limitation, documentation and diligence costs, fees and expenses, all search, audit, appraisal, recording, professional and filing fees and expenses and all other reasonable out-of-pocket charges and expenses (including, without limitation, UCC and judgment and tax lien searches and UCC filings and fees for post-Closing UCC and judgment and tax lien searches and wire transfer fees and audit expenses), and reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses, (i) in any effort to enforce, protect or collect payment of any Obligation or to enforce any Loan Document or any related agreement, document or instrument, (ii) in connection with entering into, negotiating, preparing, reviewing and executing the Loan Documents and/or any related agreements, documents or instruments, (iii) arising in any way out of the taking or refraining from taking by Lender of any action requested by any Credit Party, (iv) in connection with instituting, maintaining, preserving, enforcing and/or foreclosing on Lender's Liens in any of the Collateral or securities pledged under the Loan Documents, whether through judicial proceedings or otherwise, (v) in defending or prosecuting any actions, claims or proceedings arising out of or relating to Lender's transactions with Credit Parties, (vi) in seeking, obtaining or receiving any advice with respect to its rights and obligations under any Loan Document and any related agreement, document or instrument upon the occurrence and during the continuance of a Default or Event of Default, (vii) arising out of or relating to any Default or Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 70 Event of Default or occurring thereafter or as a result thereof, (viii) in connection with all actions, visits, audits and inspections undertaken by Lender or its Affiliates pursuant to the Loan Documents, and/or (ix) in connection with any modification, restatement, supplement, amendment, waiver or extension of any Loan Document and/or any related agreement, document or instrument. All of the foregoing shall be charged to Borrower's account and shall be part of the Obligations. If Lender or any of its Affiliates uses in-house counsel for any purpose under any Loan Document for which Borrower is responsible to pay or indemnify, Credit Parties expressly agree that the Obligations include reasonable charges for such work commensurate with the fees that would otherwise be charged by outside legal counsel selected by Lender or such Affiliate in its reasonable discretion for the work performed. Without limiting the foregoing, Credit Parties shall jointly and severally pay all taxes (other than Excluded Taxes), if any, in connection with the issuance of any Note and the filing and/or recording of any documents and/or financing statements. Lender acknowledges receipt of $150,000 from Borrower prior to the date hereof which shall be applied by Lender toward the fees, costs and expenses owed by Borrower to Lender under this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any litigation is commenced relating to the interpretation of Section 8(i)(ii), Borrower and Lender shall each be responsible for their own costs and expenses associated with such litigation. 13.8 ENTIRE AGREEMENT This Agreement and the other Loan Documents to which Credit Parties are parties constitute the entire agreement between Credit Parties and Lender with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof, and supersede all prior agreements and understandings (including but not limited to the term sheets dated on or about April 14, 2004), if any, relating to the subject matter hereof or thereof. Any promises, representations, warranties or guarantees not herein contained and hereinafter made shall have no force and effect unless in writing signed by Borrower and Lender, as appropriate. Except as set forth in and subject to Section 10.4, no provision of any Loan Document may be changed, modified, amended, restated, waived, supplemented, discharged, canceled or terminated orally or by any course of dealing or in any other manner other than by an agreement in writing signed by Credit Parties and Lender, provided, that no consent or agreement by Credit Parties shall be required to amend, modify, change, restate, waive, supplement, discharge, cancel or terminate any provision of Article XII so long as no additional duties are required to be assumed by Credit Parties. Each party hereto acknowledges that it has been advised by counsel in connection with the negotiation and execution of this Agreement and is not relying upon oral representations or statements inconsistent with the terms and provisions hereof. The schedules attached hereto may be amended or supplemented by Credit Parties upon delivery to Lender of such amendments or supplements and, except as expressly provided otherwise in this Agreement, the written approval thereof by Lender in its Permitted Discretion. 13.9 APPROVALS AND DUTIES Unless expressly provided herein to the contrary, any approval, consent, waiver or satisfaction of Lender with respect to any matter that is subject of any Loan Document may be granted or withheld by Lender, as applicable, in their sole and absolute discretion, but subject to Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 71 any applicable standard of action, approval or review set forth in the Intercreditor Agreements. Other than Lender's duty of reasonable care with respect to Collateral delivered pursuant to the Pledge Agreements, Lender shall have no responsibility for or obligation or duty with respect to any of the Collateral or any matter or proceeding arising out of or relating thereto, including, without limitation, any obligation or duty to collect any sums due in respect thereof or to protect or preserve any rights pertaining thereto. 13.10 PUBLICITY; CONFIDENTIALITY (a) Credit Parties agree that Lender shall have the right to review and approve all materials that any Credit Party or any of their respective Affiliates prepares or proposes to transmit or disclose that contain Lender's name or describe or refer to any Loan Document, any of the terms thereof or any of the transactions contemplated thereby. Nothing contained in any Loan Document is intended to permit or authorize any Credit Party or any of its Affiliates to contract on behalf of Lender. The parties hereto agree that Lender and its Affiliates may (i) disclose a general description of transactions arising under the Loan Documents for advertising, marketing or other similar purposes, and (ii) use Borrower's name, logo or other indicia germane to such party in connection with such advertising, marketing or other similar purposes in accordance with the specifications and restrictions set forth on Schedule 13.10. (b) Lender agrees to maintain the confidentiality of the Information (as defined below), except that Information may be disclosed (i) to Lender's Affiliates and Lender's and its Affiliates' directors, officer, directors, employees, agents, legal counsel and other advisors and Lender's and its Affiliate's lenders and funding or financing sources (it being understood that the Persons to whom such disclosure is made will be informed of the confidential nature of such Information and instructed to keep such Information confidential), (ii) to the extent required by applicable laws or regulations or by any court order, subpoena or other legal process, (iii) to any other party to this Agreement, (iv) in connection with the exercise of any remedies hereunder or any suit, action or proceeding relating to this Agreement, any other Loan Document or the enforcement of rights hereunder or thereunder, at law or in equity, (v) in connection with any litigation between or among Lender and Borrower, (vi) subject to an agreement containing provisions substantially the same as those of this Section 13.10(b), to any assignee of or participant in, or any prospective assignee of or participant in, any of Lender's rights or obligations under this Agreement, (vii) with the consent of Borrower or (viii) to the extent such Information (x) was or becomes publicly available other than as a result of a breach of this Section 13.10(b) by the applicable party seeking to use such information or (y) was or becomes available to Lender on a non-confidential basis from a source other than the Borrower. For the purposes of this Section 13.10(b), "Information" means all non-public information received from Borrower relating to any of the Mortgage Loans or underlying Hotels relating thereto (or loans proposed by Borrower hereunder to be, but not accepted as Mortgage Loans for purposes hereof), Collateral, Borrower, any Credit Party or any of their respective Affiliates or Subsidiaries or any of their respective businesses. 13.11 RELEASE OF COLLATERAL Subject to Section 13.3, promptly following full performance and satisfaction and indefeasible payment in full in cash of all Obligations (other than indemnity obligations under Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 72 the Loan Documents that are not then due and payable or for which any events or claims that would give rise thereto are not then pending) and the termination of this Agreement, the Liens created hereby shall terminate and Lender shall execute and deliver such documents, at Borrower's expense, as are necessary to release Lender's Liens in the Collateral and shall return the Collateral to Borrower; provided, however, that the parties agree that, notwithstanding any such termination or release or the execution, delivery or filing of any such documents or the return of any Collateral, if and to the extent that any such payment made or received with respect to the Obligations is subsequently invalidated, determined to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, defeased or required to be repaid to a trustee, debtor in possession, receiver, custodian or any other Person under any Debtor Relief Law, common law or equitable cause or any other law, then the Obligations intended to be satisfied by such payment shall be revived and shall continue as if such payment had not been received by Lender and the Liens created hereby shall be revived automatically without any action on the part of any party hereto and shall continue as if such payment had not been received by Lender. Lender shall not be deemed to have made any representation or warranty with respect to any Collateral so delivered except that such Collateral is free and clear, on the date of such delivery, of any and all Liens arising from such Person's own acts. [REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK; SIGNATURE PAGES FOLLOW] Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) 73 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties has duly executed this Loan and Security Agreement as of the date first written above. BORROWER: ASHFORD FINANCE SUBSIDIARY I LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Finance Subsidiary I GP LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: Ashford Hospitality Finance LP, a Delaware limited partnership, its sole member By: Ashford Hospitality Finance General Partner LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ---------------------------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President and Secretary 14185 Dallas Parkway, Suite 1100 Dallas, Texas 75254 Attention: Douglas A. Kessler Telephone: (972) 778-9452 Facsimile: (972) 490-9605 Email: dkessler@ahtreit.com Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) With a copy to: 14185 Dallas Parkway, Suite 1100 Dallas, Texas 75254 Attention: David A. Brooks Telephone: (972) 778-9207 Facsimile: (972) 490-9605 Email: dbrooks@ahtreit.com Morrison & Foerster LLP 555 West Fifth Street Suite 3500 Los Angeles, CA 90013-1024 Attention: Thomas R. Fileti Telephone: (213) 892-5276 Facsimile: (213) 892-5454 Email: tfileti@mofo.com Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) CREDIT PARTIES: ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford OP General Partner LLC, a Delaware Limited Liability Company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ---------------------------------------- Name: David A. Brooks Title: Secretary 14185 Dallas Parkway, Suite 1100 Dallas, Texas 75254 Attention: Douglas A. Kessler Telephone: (972) 778-9452 Facsimile: (972) 490-9605 Email: dkessler@ahtreit.com With a copy to: 14185 Dallas Parkway, Suite 1100 Dallas, Texas 75254 Attention: David A. Brooks Telephone: (972) 778-9207 Facsimile: (972) 490-9605 Email: dbrooks@ahtreit.com Morrison & Foerster LLP 555 West Fifth Street Suite 3500 Los Angeles, CA 90013-1024 Attention: Thomas R. Fileti Telephone: (213) 892-5276 Facsimile: (213) 892-5454 Email: tfileti@mofo.com Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC., a Maryland corporation By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ---------------------------------------- Name: David A. Brooks Title: Secretary 14185 Dallas Parkway, Suite 1100 Dallas, Texas 75254 Attention: Douglas A. Kessler Telephone: (972) 778-9452 Facsimile: (972) 490-9605 Email: dkessler@ahtreit.com With a copy to: 14185 Dallas Parkway, Suite 1100 Dallas, Texas 75254 Attention: David A. Brooks Telephone: (972) 778-9207 Facsimile: (972) 490-9605 Email: dbrooks@ahtreit.com Morrison & Foerster LLP 555 West Fifth Street Suite 3500 Los Angeles, CA 90013-1024 Attention: Thomas R. Fileti Telephone: (213) 892-5276 Facsimile: (213) 892-5454 Email: tfileti@mofo.com Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) LENDER: CAPITALSOURCE FINANCE LLC By: /s/ PIERRETTE BRADSHAW ---------------------------------------- Name: Pierette Bradshaw Title: General Counsel CapitalSource Finance LLC 4445 Willard Avenue, 12th Floor Chevy Chase, MD 20815 Attention: Structured Finance Group, Portfolio Manager Telephone: (301) 841-2700 Facsimile: (301) 841-2360 E-Mail: bdonaldson@capitalsource.com Loan and Security Agreement (Ashford) EX-10.17 4 d20035exv10w17.txt LOAN AGREEMENT EXHIBIT 10.17 LOAN AGREEMENT Dated as of September 2, 2004 by and among ASHFORD AUSTIN LP, ASHFORD BLOOMINGTON LP, ASHFORD BUENA VISTA LP, ASHFORD BUFORD I LP, ASHFORD BUFORD II LP, ASHFORD COLUMBUS LP, ASHFORD DALLAS LP, ASHFORD DAYTON LP, ASHFORD DULLES LP, ASHFORD EVANSVILLE I LP, ASHFORD EVANSVILLE II LP, ASHFORD EVANSVILLE III LP, ASHFORD FLAGSTAFF LP, ASHFORD HOLTSVILLE LP, ASHFORD HORSE CAVE LP, ASHFORD JACKSONVILLE II LP, ASHFORD LAS VEGAS LP, ASHFORD LOUISVILLE LP, ASHFORD MOBILE LP, ASHFORD PHOENIX LP, ASHFORD PRINCETON LP, ASHFORD SYRACUSE LP, ASHFORD TERRE HAUTE LP, ASHFORD TIPTON LAKES LP, ASHFORD BUCKS COUNTY LLC, (collectively, as Borrowers) and MERRILL LYNCH MORTGAGE LENDING, INC., (in its capacity as Note A-1 Holder, Note A-2 Holder and Note A-3 Holder) and MERRILL LYNCH CAPITAL, a Division of Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services, Inc. (in its capacity as Note B Holder) (collectively, as Lender) ARTICLE 1 CERTAIN DEFINITIONS....................................................................... 1 Section 1.1. Definitions...................................................................... 1 ARTICLE 2 GENERAL TERMS............................................................................. 26 Section 2.1. Amount of the Loan............................................................... 26 Section 2.2. Use of Proceeds.................................................................. 26 Section 2.3. Security for the Loan............................................................ 26 Section 2.4. Borrowers' Note.................................................................. 26 Section 2.5. Principal, Interest and Other Payments........................................... 27 Section 2.6. Prepayment....................................................................... 28 Section 2.7. Application of Payments.......................................................... 28 Section 2.8. Payment of Debt Service, Method and Place of Payment............................. 28 Section 2.9. Taxes; Funding Losses; Changes in Law............................................ 29 Section 2.10. Extension Options................................................................ 29 Section 2.11. Central Cash Management.......................................................... 30 Section 2.12. Security Agreement............................................................... 35 Section 2.13. Secondary Market Transactions.................................................... 37 Section 2.14. Interest Rate Cap................................................................ 39 Section 2.15. Partial Release.................................................................. 40 ARTICLE 3 CONDITIONS PRECEDENT...................................................................... 42 Section 3.1. Conditions Precedent to the Making of the Loan................................... 42 Section 3.2. Form of Loan Documents and Related Matters....................................... 47 ARTICLE 4 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES............................................................ 47 Section 4.1. Representations and Warranties of Borrower and Operating Lessee.................. 47 Section 4.2. Survival of Representations and Warranties....................................... 56 ARTICLE 5 AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS..................................................................... 56 Section 5.1. Borrower Covenants............................................................... 56 ARTICLE 6 NEGATIVE COVENANTS........................................................................ 71 Section 6.1. Borrower Negative Covenants...................................................... 71 ARTICLE 7 DEFAULTS.................................................................................. 73 Section 7.1. Event of Default................................................................. 73
i Section 7.2. Remedies......................................................................... 77 Section 7.3. Remedies Cumulative.............................................................. 77 Section 7.4. Lender's Right to Perform........................................................ 78 ARTICLE 8 MISCELLANEOUS............................................................................. 78 Section 8.1. Survival......................................................................... 78 Section 8.2. Lender's Discretion.............................................................. 78 Section 8.3. Governing Law.................................................................... 79 Section 8.4. Modification, Waiver in Writing.................................................. 80 Section 8.5. Delay Not a Waiver............................................................... 80 Section 8.6. Notices.......................................................................... 80 Section 8.7. Trial By Jury.................................................................... 81 Section 8.8. Headings......................................................................... 82 Section 8.9. Assignment....................................................................... 82 Section 8.10. Severability..................................................................... 82 Section 8.11. Preferences...................................................................... 82 Section 8.12. Waiver of Notice................................................................. 83 Section 8.13. Remedies of Borrower............................................................. 83 Section 8.14. Exculpation...................................................................... 83 Section 8.15. Exhibits Incorporated............................................................ 85 Section 8.16. Offsets, Counterclaims and Defenses.............................................. 85 Section 8.17. No Joint Venture or Partnership.................................................. 85 Section 8.18. Waiver of Marshalling of Assets Defense.......................................... 85 Section 8.19. Waiver of Counterclaim........................................................... 86 Section 8.20. Conflict; Construction of Documents.............................................. 86 Section 8.21. Brokers and Financial Advisors................................................... 86 Section 8.22. Counterparts..................................................................... 86 Section 8.23. Estoppel Certificates............................................................ 86 Section 8.24. Payment of Expenses.............................................................. 87 Section 8.25. Bankruptcy Waiver................................................................ 87 Section 8.26. Entire Agreement................................................................. 87 Section 8.27. Dissemination of Information..................................................... 88
ii Section 8.28. Limitation of Interest........................................................... 88 Section 8.29. Indemnification.................................................................. 89 Section 8.30. Borrower Acknowledgments......................................................... 89 Section 8.31. Publicity........................................................................ 89 Section 8.32. Cross Collateralization.......................................................... 90
Exhibit A Additional Definitions Exhibit B Capital Improvements/Environmental Remediation Exhibit C Interest Rate Cap Agreement Requirements Exhibit D Individual Properties and Allocated Loan Amounts Exhibit E Rate Cap Pledge and Security Agreement Exhibit F Managers Exhibit G Franchisors Exhibit H Operating Budget Exhibit I Description of Property Improvement Plans Exhibit J Form of Operating Statement Exhibit K FF&E Financing Exhibit L Organizational Chart Exhibit M Pre-Existing Borrowers iii LOAN AGREEMENT THIS LOAN AGREEMENT, made as of September 2, 2004, is by and between MERRILL LYNCH MORTGAGE LENDING, INC., a Delaware corporation (in such capacity, and together with its successors and assigns "Note A-1 Holder"), MERRILL LYNCH MORTGAGE LENDING, INC., a Delaware corporation (in such capacity, and together with its successors and assigns "Note A-2 Holder"), MERRILL LYNCH MORTGAGE LENDING, INC., a Delaware corporation (in such capacity, and together with its successors and assigns "Note A-3 Holder") and MERRILL LYNCH CAPITAL, a Division of Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services, Inc. (in such capacity and together with its successors and assigns "Note B Holder" and together with Note A-1 Holder, Note A-2 Holder and Note A-3 Holder, collectively "Lender"), and Ashford Austin LP, Ashford Bloomington LP, Ashford Buena Vista LP, Ashford Buford I LP, Ashford Buford II LP, Ashford Columbus LP, Ashford Dallas LP, Ashford Dayton LP, Ashford Dulles LP, Ashford Evansville I LP, Ashford Evansville II LP, Ashford Evansville III LP, Ashford Flagstaff LP, Ashford Holtsville LP, Ashford Horse Cave LP, Ashford Jacksonville II LP, Ashford Las Vegas LP, Ashford Louisville LP, Ashford Mobile LP, Ashford Phoenix LP, Ashford Princeton LP, Ashford Syracuse LP, Ashford Terre Haute LP, ashford tipton lakes lp, each a Delaware limited partnership, and ASHFORD Bucks County LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (each a "Borrower", and collectively with each Borrower's successors and assigns, "Borrowers"). RECITALS WHEREAS, Borrowers desire to obtain a loan (the "Loan") from Lender in the aggregate principal amount of $185,000,000 (the "Loan Amount") which Loan is evidenced by (a) a certain Amended, Restated and Consolidated Promissory Note, dated as of the date hereof (as may be modified, amended, supplemented, extended or consolidated in writing, and any note(s) issued in exchange therefor or in replacement thereof "Note A-1"), made by the Borrowers, each as maker, in favor of Note A-1 Holder, as payee in the original principal amount of $55,000,000, (b) a certain Amended, Restated and Consolidated Promissory Note, dated as of the date hereof (as may be modified, amended, supplemented, extended or consolidated in writing, and any note(s) issued in exchange therefor or in replacement thereof, "Note A-2"), made by the Borrowers, each as maker, in favor of Note A-2 Holder, as payee in the original principal amount of $55,000,000, (c) a certain Amended, Restated and Consolidated Promissory Note, dated as of the date hereof (as may be modified, amended, supplemented, extended or consolidated in writing, and any note(s) issued in exchange therefor or in replacement thereof, "Note A-3"), made by the Borrowers, each as maker, in favor of Note A-3 Holder, as payee in the original principal amount of $54,000,000, (d) a certain Amended, Restated and Consolidated Promissory Note, dated as of the date hereof (as may be modified, amended, supplemented, extended or consolidated in writing, and any note(s) issued in exchange therefor or in replacement thereof, "Note B" and together with Note A-1, Note A-2 and Note A-3, collectively, the "Notes"), made by the Borrowers, each as maker, in favor of Note B Holder, as payee in the original principal amount of $21,000,000; and WHEREAS, Lender is willing to make the Loan on the condition that Borrowers join in the execution and delivery of this Agreement which shall establish the terms and conditions of the Loan. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the making of the Loan by Lender, and the covenants, agreements, representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement, the parties hereby covenant, agree, represent and warrant as follows: ARTICLE 1 CERTAIN DEFINITIONS Section 1.1 Definitions For all purposes of this Agreement: (a) the capitalized terms defined in this Article I have the meanings assigned to them in this Article I, and include the plural as well as the singular; (b) all accounting terms have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with GAAP; (c) the words "herein", "hereof", and "hereunder" and other words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section, or other subdivision; and (d) the following terms have the following meanings: "Acceptable Counterparty" means any counterparty to an Interest Rate Cap Agreement that has and maintains (or whose obligations thereunder are guaranteed in a manner and by a guarantor that (1) prior to the date that all or any portion of the Loan is included in a REMIC, is reasonably acceptable to Lender, or (2) after the date that all or any portion of the Loan is included in a REMIC, would be acceptable to a prudent commercial lender making a loan similar to the Loan) (a) (i) a long-term unsecured debt rating or counterparty rating of "AA-"or higher from S&P, and (ii) a short-term unsecured debt rating of not less than "A-1+" by S&P, and (b) a long-term unsecured debt rating of not less than "Aa3" by Moody's, or any other counterparty to an Interest Rate Cap Agreement with respect to which a Rating Agency Confirmation is received. "Account Collateral" means the Cash Collateral Account (including all Sub-Accounts), each Collection Account, all amounts deposited or held in such accounts, and all Proceeds of any or all of the foregoing. 2 "Adjusted Net Operating Income" means, with respect to each Individual Property, for any period, the Net Operating Income for such period (Net Operating Income to be calculated for the purposes of this definition of "Adjusted Net Operating Income" without deduction for actual management fees paid pursuant to any Management Agreement for such period, actual franchise fees paid pursuant to any Franchise Agreement for such period, or the Capital Reserve Amount for such period) for such period reduced by (i) the Capital Reserve Amount, pro rated for the applicable period, (ii) annual base management fees, pro rated for the applicable period, equal to the greater of (y) actual base management fees paid pursuant to the Management Agreement and (z) five percent (5%) of Gross Revenues, and (iii) annual base franchise fees paid pursuant to the applicable Franchise Agreement, pro rated for the applicable period, equal to the greater of (y) actual base franchise fees paid pursuant to the Franchise Agreement and (z) five percent (5%) of Gross Revenues. "Affiliate" of any specified Person means any other Person controlling, controlled by or under common control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this Agreement, "control" when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities or other beneficial interests, by contract or otherwise; and the terms "controls", "controlling" and "controlled" have the meanings correlative to the foregoing. For the avoidance of doubt, with respect to any Borrower or Operating Lessee, the definition of "Affiliate" shall not include Remington Manager. "Agreement" means this Loan Agreement, as the same may from time to time hereafter be modified, supplemented or amended. "Allocated Loan Amount" means, with respect to each Individual Property, the amount set forth on Exhibit D attached hereto, as such amounts shall be adjusted from time to time as hereinafter set forth. Upon each adjustment in the amount of Indebtedness due to the making of a prepayment of the Loan in accordance with the terms hereof, each Allocated Loan Amount shall be decreased by an amount equal to the product of (i) the amount of such payment and (ii) a fraction, the numerator of which is the applicable Allocated Loan Amount (prior to the adjustment in question) and the denominator of which is the total of all Allocated Loan Amounts (prior to the adjustment in question). Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence to the contrary, when the Indebtedness is reduced as the result of Lender's receipt of proceeds with respect to a Condemnation or Casualty affecting one hundred percent (100%) of any Individual Property, the Allocated Loan Amount for such Individual Property with respect to which the Insurance Proceeds or Condemnation Proceeds were received shall, at Lender's sole discretion, be reduced to zero (such Allocated Loan Amount prior to reduction being referred to as the "Withdrawn Allocated Amount"), and each other Allocated Loan Amount shall, if the Withdrawn Allocated Amount exceeds such proceeds (such excess being referred to as the "Proceeds Deficiency"), be increased by an amount equal to the product of (1) the Proceeds Deficiency and (2) a fraction, the numerator of which is the applicable Allocated Loan Amount (prior to the adjustment in question) and the denominator of which is the aggregate of all of the Allocated Loan Amounts (prior to the adjustment in question) other than the Withdrawn Allocated Amount. 3 "Appraisal" means an appraisal of any Individual Property prepared in accordance with the requirements of FIRREA prepared by an independent third party appraiser holding an MAI designation, who is state licensed or state certified if required under the laws of the state where such Individual Property is located, who meets the requirements of FIRREA and who is otherwise reasonably satisfactory to Lender. "Approved Budget" has the meaning provided in Section 5.1(Q)(x). "Appurtenant Rights" means, collectively, "Appurtenant Rights" as defined in each Mortgage. "Assignment of Agreements" shall mean, with respect to each Individual Property, a first priority Assignment of Management Agreement and Agreements Affecting Real Estate, in form and substance satisfactory to Lender, dated as of the Closing Date, from each applicable Borrower, as assignor, to Lender, as assignee, as the same may thereafter from time to time be supplemented, amended, modified or extended by one or more written agreements supplemental thereto. "Assignment of Leases" shall mean, with respect to each Individual Property, a first priority Assignment of Leases and Rents, in form and substance satisfactory to Lender, dated as of the Closing Date from the applicable Borrower and Operating Lessee, as assignor, to Lender, as assignee, assigning to Lender all of such Borrower's and Operating Lessee's right, title and interest in and to the Leases and the Rents, as the same may thereafter from time to time be supplemented, amended, modified or extended by one or more written agreements supplemental thereto. "Base Adjusted NOI" means the amount shown on Exhibit A. "Basic Carrying Costs" means the following costs with respect to each Individual Property: (i) Impositions applicable to such Property; (ii) insurance premiums for policies of insurance required or permitted to be maintained by the applicable Borrower pursuant to this Agreement or the other Loan Documents; and (iii) all Monthly Assessments and Special Assessments (as such terms are defined in the Declaration). "Basic Carrying Costs Monthly Installment" means, collectively, with respect to all Individual Properties, Lender's reasonable and good faith estimate of one-twelfth (1/12th) of the annual amount of the aggregate Basic Carrying Costs for all Individual Properties (provided, that Lender may calculate reasonably and in good faith the monthly amount to assure that funds are reserved in sufficient amounts to enable the payment of all Impositions, including, without limitation, taxes and insurance premiums thirty (30) days prior to their respective due dates). If the Basic Carrying Costs for any Individual Property for the then current Fiscal Year or payment period are not ascertainable by Lender at the time a monthly deposit is required to be made, the Basic Carrying Costs Monthly Installment with respect to such Individual Property shall be Lender's reasonable and good faith estimate based on one-twelfth (1/12th) of the aggregate Basic Carrying Costs for such Individual Property for the prior Fiscal Year or payment period, with 4 reasonable adjustments as determined by Lender. As soon as the Basic Carrying Costs are fixed for the then current Fiscal Year or period, the next ensuing Basic Carrying Costs Monthly Installment shall be adjusted to reflect any deficiency or surplus in prior Basic Carrying Costs Monthly Installments. "Basic Carrying Costs Sub-Account" means the Sub-Account of the Cash Collateral Account established and maintained pursuant to Section 2.11 relating to the payment of Basic Carrying Costs. "Borrower" has the meaning provided in the preamble to this Agreement. "Business Day" means any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or a legal holiday on which national banks are not open for general business in (i) the State of Kansas, (ii) the state where the corporate trust office of the any trustee in connection with a Secondary Market Transaction is located, or (iii) the state where the servicing offices of the any servicer in connection with a Secondary Market Transactions are located. "Capital Improvement Costs" means, collectively, with respect to each Individual Property, the costs incurred by Borrowers in connection with (a) capital improvements to the Individual Properties, and (b) the financing of furniture, fixture and equipment leases or purchases in the ordinary course of operating the Individual Properties in the manner each is operated as of the Closing Date. "Capital Reserve Amount" means, with respect to each Individual Property, an amount equal to four percent (4%) of projected annual Gross Revenue set forth in the then current Approved Budget. "Capital Reserve True-Up Amount" means an amount as of December 31 of each calendar year equal to the difference between (i) 4% of actual Gross Revenue for such calendar year and (ii) the Capital Reserve Amount for such calendar year; provided that for the period ending December 31, 2004 such amount shall be calculated using the prorated period from the Closing Date through and including December 31, 2004. "Capital Reserve Monthly Installment" means an amount equal to one twelfth (1/12th) of the aggregate Capital Reserve Amounts for all Individual Properties. "Capital Reserve Sub-Account" means the Sub-Account of the Cash Collateral Account established and maintained pursuant to Section 2.11 relating to the payment of Capital Improvement Costs. "Cash Collateral Account" has the meaning provided in Section 2.11(b). "Cash Collateral Account Agreement" has the meaning provided in Section 2.12(c). 5 "Cash Collateral Account Bank" means the bank chosen by Lender to hold the Cash Collateral Account, or any successor bank hereafter selected by Lender in accordance with the terms hereof. "Cash Management Fee Sub-Account" means the Sub-Account of the Cash Collateral Account established and maintained pursuant to Section 2.11 relating to the payment of fees payable to the Cash Collateral Account Bank. "Cash Trap Cure Event" means (a) with respect to an event described in subsection (i) of the definition of "Cash Trap Trigger Event", an Event of Default no longer exists, or (b) with respect to an event described in subsection (ii) of the definition of "Cash Trap Trigger Event", the Debt Service Coverage Ratio (calculated as of the last day of a calendar month), projected reasonably and in good faith by Lender for the subsequent twelve (12) calendar months, and calculated as if (1) the LIBOR Interest Rate for each Note for such period was equal to the LIBOR Interest Rate for each Note applicable to the immediately preceding Interest Accrual Period, and (2) the LIBOR Interest Rate (as defined in the Mezzanine Loan Agreement) for the Mezzanine Loan for such period was equal to the LIBOR Interest Rate (as defined in the Mezzanine Loan Agreement) for the Mezzanine Loan applicable to the immediately preceding Interest Accrual Period (as defined in the Mezzanine Loan Agreement), and (3) the Indebtedness was reduced by the face amount of any Letter of Credit posted by Borrower pursuant to the terms of Section 2.11(k) hereof, shall equal or exceed 1.40 for a period of three (3) consecutive months. "Cash Trap Period" means the period commencing on a Cash Trap Trigger Event and ending on a Cash Trap Cure Event. "Cash Trap Trigger Event" means the earlier to occur of (i) an Event of Default and (ii) the Debt Service Coverage Ratio (calculated as of the last day of a calendar month), projected reasonably and in good faith by Lender (a) for the subsequent twelve (12) calendar months, and (b) calculated as if (1) the LIBOR Interest Rate for each Note for such period was equal to the LIBOR Interest Rate for each Note applicable to the immediately preceding Interest Accrual Period, and (2) the LIBOR Interest Rate (as defined in the Mezzanine Loan Agreement) for the Mezzanine Loan for such period was equal to the LIBOR Interest Rate (as defined in the Mezzanine Loan Agreement) for the Mezzanine Loan applicable to the immediately preceding Interest Accrual Period (as defined in the Mezzanine Loan Agreement) shall be equal to or less than 1.25. "Closing Date" means the date of this Agreement. "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and as it may be further amended from time to time, any successor statutes thereto, together with applicable U.S. Department of Treasury regulations issued pursuant thereto in temporary or final form. "Collateral" means, collectively, the "Collateral" as defined in each Mortgage. 6 "Collection Account" has the meaning provided in Section 2.11(a). "Collection Account Agreement" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.11(b). "Collection Account Bank" shall mean, with respect to each Individual Property, the collection bank for such Individual Property and any successor bank hereafter selected by each applicable Borrower which owns such Individual Property and approved by Lender in accordance with each Collection Account Agreement. "Collection Account Bank Escrow Account" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.11 (b). "Combined Debt Service" means, for any period, the sum of (a) Debt Service, and (b) Mezzanine Debt Service. "Condemnation Proceeds" has the meaning, with respect to each Individual Property, provided in the Mortgage for such Individual Property. "Contingent Obligation" means any obligation of any Borrower guaranteeing any indebtedness, leases, dividends or other obligations ("primary obligations") of any other Person (the "primary obligor") in any manner, whether directly or indirectly, including, without limitation, any obligation of any Borrower, whether or not contingent; (i) to purchase any such primary obligation, or any property constituting direct or indirect security therefor; (ii) to advance or supply funds (x) for the purchase or payment of any such primary obligation or (y) to maintain working capital or equity capital of the primary obligor; (iii) to purchase property, securities or services primarily for the purpose of assuring the owner or obligee under any such primary obligation of the ability of the primary obligor to make payment of such primary obligation; or (iv) otherwise to assure or hold harmless the owner or obligee under such primary obligation against loss in respect thereof. The amount of any Contingent Obligation shall be deemed to be an amount equal to the stated or determinable amount of the primary obligation in respect of which such Contingent Obligation is made or, if not stated or determinable, the maximum anticipated liability in respect thereof (assuming that the applicable Borrower is required to perform thereunder) as determined by Lender in good faith. "Costs of Uncollectible Drafts" means (a) fees or charges regularly and customarily charged by Morgan Collection Bank to its customers with respect to any items deposited by or on behalf of the Borrowers or Operating Lessee into a Collection Account which is returned for insufficient or uncollected funds ("Uncollectible Drafts"), and (b) the amount represented by such Uncollectible Draft if such amount has actually been credited by Morgan Collection Bank to the Cash Collateral Account prior to Morgan Collection Bank effecting final payment thereof. "Current Interest Accrual Period" has the meaning provided in Section 2.11(d). 7 "Debt Service" means, for any period, the aggregate of all principal, interest payments, Default Rate interest, Late Charges, Prepayment Premiums and other amounts that accrue or are due and payable in accordance with the Loan Documents during such period. "Debt Service Coverage Ratio" means, for any period, the quotient obtained by dividing (1) the aggregate Adjusted Net Operating Income for all Individual Properties for the specified period by (2) the aggregate amount of the Combined Debt Service due for such period. "Debt Service Payment Sub-Account" means the Sub-Account of the Cash Collateral Account established and maintained pursuant to Section 2.11 relating to the payment of Debt Service. "Declaration" means, collectively, that certain Declaration of Condominium - Bucks Hotel Office Condominium and the by laws, plats and plans and rules and regulations described therein. "Deed of Trust Trustee" means, with respect to each Individual Property, the trustee, if any, under the Mortgage for such Individual Property. "Default" means the occurrence of any event which, but for the giving of notice or the passage of time, or both, would be an Event of Default. "Default Collateral" has the meaning provided in Section 8.14. "Default Rate" means (a) with respect to Note A-1, the per annum interest rate equal to the lesser of (i) the Maximum Amount or (ii) five percent (5%) plus the LIBOR Interest Rate for Note A-1; (b) with respect to Note A-2, the per annum interest rate equal to the lesser of (i) the Maximum Amount or (ii) five percent (5%) plus the LIBOR Interest Rate for Note A-2; (c) with respect to Note A-3, the per annum interest rate equal to the lesser of (i) the Maximum Amount or (ii) five percent (5%) plus the LIBOR Interest Rate for Note A-3; and, (d) with respect to Note B, the per annum interest rate equal to the lesser of (i) the Maximum Amount or (ii) five percent (5%) plus the LIBOR Interest Rate for Note B, and (e) with respect to all other amounts due under any Loan Document, five percent (5%) plus the weighted average LIBOR Interest Rate (calculated based upon the then outstanding principal balances for each of the Notes. "Eligible Account" means (i) an account maintained with a federal or state chartered depository institution or trust company whose (x) commercial paper, short-term debt obligations or other short-term deposits are rated at least A-1 by S&P and the equivalent by each other Rating Agency if the deposits in such account are to be held in such account for thirty (30) days or less or (y) long-term unsecured debt obligations are rated at least A by S&P and the equivalent by each other Rating Agency if the deposits in such account are to be held in such account for more than thirty (30) days; or (ii) a segregated trust account maintained with the trust department of a federal or state chartered depository institution or trust company acting in its fiduciary capacity which institution or trust company is subject to regulations regarding fiduciary 8 funds on deposit substantially similar to 12 C.F.R. Section 9.10(b); or (iii) an account otherwise acceptable to each Rating Agency, as confirmed in writing that such account would not, in and of itself, result in a downgrade, qualification or withdrawal of the then current ratings assigned to any security issued in connection with a Secondary Market Transaction. "Embargoed Person" has the meaning provided in Section 4.1(MM). "Engineer" means any reputable Independent engineer, properly licensed in the relevant jurisdiction and approved by Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion. "Engineering Report(s)" means, with respect to each Individual Property, the structural engineering report(s) with respect to such Individual Property (i) prepared by an Engineer, (ii) addressed to or permitted by such preparer to be relied upon by Lender, (iii) prepared based on a scope of work determined by Lender in Lender's discretion, and (iv) in form and content acceptable to Lender in Lender's discretion, together with any amendments or supplements thereto. "Entity" means a (a) corporation, if the applicable Borrower is listed as a corporation in the preamble to this Agreement, (b) limited partnership, if the applicable Borrower is listed as a limited partnership in the preamble to this Agreement or (c) limited liability company, if the applicable Borrower is listed as a limited liability company in the preamble to this Agreement. "Environmental Guaranty" means the Environmental Indemnity Agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Lender dated as of the Closing Date from Borrower to Lender relating to all Individual Properties, as the same may thereafter be from time to time supplemented, amended, modified or extended by one or more agreements supplemental thereto. "Environmental Indemnified Parties" includes Lender, any Person who is or will have been involved with the servicing of the Loan, Persons who may hold or acquire or will have held a full or partial interest in the Loan (including, but not limited to, Investors or prospective Investors, as well as custodians, trustees and other fiduciaries who hold or have held a full or partial interest in the Loan for the benefit of third parties) as well as the respective directors, officers, shareholders, partners, employees, agents, servants, representatives, contractors, subcontractors, affiliates, subsidiaries, participants, successors and assigns of any and all of the foregoing (including but not limited to any other Person who holds or acquires or will have held a participation or other full or partial interest in the Loan or the collateral therefor, whether during the term of the Loan or as a part of or following a foreclosure of the collateral for the Loan and including, but not limited to, any successors by merger, consolidation or acquisition of all or a substantial portion of Lender's assets and business). "Environmental Law" means any present and future federal, state and local laws, statutes, ordinances, rules, regulations and the like, as well as common law, relating to protection of human health or the environment, relating to Hazardous Substances, relating to liability for or costs of other actual or threatened danger to human health or the environment, including, without 9 limitation, the following statutes, as amended, any successor thereto, and any regulations promulgated pursuant thereto, and any state or local statutes, ordinances, rules, regulations and the like addressing similar issues: the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act; the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act; the Hazardous Substances Transportation Act; the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (including but not limited to Subtitle I relating to underground storage tanks); the Solid Waste Disposal Act; the Clean Water Act; the Clean Air Act; the Toxic Substances Control Act; the Safe Drinking Water Act; the Occupational Safety and Health Act; the Federal Water Pollution Control Act; the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act; the Endangered Species Act; the National Environmental Policy Act; and the River and Harbors Appropriation Act, and including, without limitation, any present and future federal, state and local laws, statutes ordinances, rules, regulations and the like, as well as common law: requiring notification or disclosure of Releases of Hazardous Substances or other environmental condition of any or all of the Individual Properties to any Governmental Authority or other Person, whether or not in connection with transfer of title to or interest in any or all of the Individual Properties. "Environmental Liens" means, with respect to each Individual Property, all liens and other encumbrances imposed on any Borrower which owns such Individual Property pursuant to any Environmental Law, whether due to any act or omission of any Borrower or any other person. "Environmental Report(s)" means, with respect to each Individual Property, environmental audit report(s) (i) prepared by a reputable environmental Engineer approved by Lender in Lender's discretion, (ii) addressed to or permitted by such environmental Engineer to be relied upon by Lender (iii) prepared based on a scope of work determined by Lender in Lender's discretion, and (iv) in form and content acceptable to Lender in Lender's discretion, together with any amendments or supplements thereto delivered to Lender. "Equity Interests" means (i) if the applicable Borrower is a limited partnership, limited partnership interests in Borrower, or (ii) if the applicable Borrower is a limited liability company, membership interests in Borrower; or (iii) if the applicable Borrower is a corporation, the share or stock interests in the applicable Borrower; provided, however, Equity Interests shall not include any direct or indirect legal or beneficial ownership interest, or any other interest of any nature or kind whatsoever, of any SPE Equity Owner in any Borrower or in any other SPE Equity Owner, as applicable. "ERISA" means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time, and the regulations promulgated thereunder. Section references to ERISA are to ERISA, as in effect at the date of this Agreement and, as of the relevant date, any subsequent provisions of ERISA, amendatory thereof, supplemental thereto or substituted therefor. "ERISA Affiliate" means any corporation or trade or business that is a member of any group of organizations (i) described in Section 414(b) or (c) of the Code, of which any Borrower is a member, and (ii) solely for purposes of potential liability under Section 302(c)(11) 10 of ERISA and Section 412(c)(11) of the Code and the lien created under Section 302(f) of any ERISA and Section 412(n) of the Code, described in Section 414(m) or (o) of the Code, of which any Borrower is a member. "Event of Default" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.1. "Exchange Act" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.13. "Extension Interest Rate Cap Agreement" means, a confirmation (together with the definitions, ISDA master agreement and schedules relating thereto) between the applicable Acceptable Counterparty and each Borrower, relating to the applicable Extension Term, satisfying the requirements set forth in Exhibit C. "Extension Term" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.10. "Extra Funds" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.11(f). "FF&E Financing" shall mean, with respect to an Individual Property, the personal property leases and personal property financing set forth with respect to such Individual Property on Exhibit K, attached hereto and incorporated herein and all renewals, amendments and extensions thereof. "FIRREA" shall mean the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989, as the same may be amended from time to time. "First Extended Maturity Date" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.10. "First Extension Term" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.10. "Fiscal Year" means the 12-month period ending on December 31 of each year or such other fiscal year of Borrowers as Borrowers may select from time to time with the prior written consent of Lender, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed. "Franchise Agreement" shall mean, individually or collectively, as the context may require, each franchise or similar agreement entered into by and between the applicable Borrower and/or Operating Lessee and Franchisor pursuant to which the applicable Borrower and/or Operating Lessee is permitted to operate the applicable Individual Property under the "flag" or other trade name that is the subject thereof, as the same may be amended, restated, replaced, supplemented or otherwise modified in accordance with the terms hereof. "Franchisor" shall mean, individually or collectively, as the context may require, each franchisor under a Franchise Agreement. As of the date hereof, each Franchisor of each Individual Property is set forth on Exhibit G attached hereto. No replacement or substitute Franchisor shall be selected, approved or consented to by any Borrower or Operating Lessee other than in accordance with the terms hereof. 11 "Franchisor's Subordination" means, with respect to each Individual Property, a Franchisor's Consent and Subordination Agreement, comfort letter or similar agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Lender, dated as of the Closing Date, executed by the relevant Franchisor and others as the same may thereafter from time to time be supplemented, amended, modified or extended by one or more written agreements supplemental thereto. "Funding Losses" means, collectively, all losses, costs and expenses incurred or sustained (or expected to be incurred or sustained) by Lender in liquidating or re-employing funds from third parties to effect or maintain the Loan or any part thereof as a consequence of (a) if the Loan, or any portion thereof, is repaid for any reason whatsoever on any date other than a Payment Date (including, without limitation, from Insurance Proceeds or Condemnation Proceeds); (b) any default in the payment or prepayment of the Principal Indebtedness or any part thereof or interest accrued thereon, as and when due and payable (at the date thereof or otherwise, and whether by acceleration or otherwise); (c) intentionally omitted; (d) any losses, expenses or increased costs incurred or sustained by Lender due to the determination of the "LIBOR Rate" other than pursuant to the first sentence of the definition thereof; (e) the reduction of any amounts received or receivable from any Borrower, in either case, due to the introduction of, or any change in, law or applicable regulation or treaty (including the administration or interpretation thereof), whether or not having the force of law, or due to the compliance by Lender with any directive, whether or not having the force of law, or request from any central bank or domestic or foreign governmental authority, agency or instrumentality have jurisdiction; and/or (f) any other set of circumstances not attributable to Lender's acts. "GAAP" means generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied in the United States of America as of the date of the applicable financial report. "Governmental Authority" means any foreign, national, federal, state, regional or local government, or any other political subdivision of any of the foregoing, in each case with jurisdiction over any Borrower, all or any portion of the Collateral, or any SPE Equity Owner, or any Person with jurisdiction over any Borrower, any Individual Property or any SPE Equity Owner, exercising executive, legislative, judicial, regulatory or administrative functions of or pertaining to government. "Gross Revenue" means, with respect to each Individual Property, the total dollar amount of all income and receipts whatsoever received by the Borrower, Operating Lessee or any Manager or any agent thereof which owns, operates or manages the applicable Individual Property. "Ground Lease" shall mean means that certain Amended and Restated Air Space and Air Rights Lease Agreement dated March 23, 1995, but effective January 1, 1995, between Ground Lessor and Ashford Columbus LP, a Delaware limited partnership, a memorandum of which was recorded in Official Records of Franklin County, Ohio in Volume 28829, Page I-08. "Ground Lessor" means Huntington Center Associates, an Ohio general partnership. 12 "Ground Rent" means all ground rents, square footage rents, percentage rents or any other payments or rents owing under each Ground Lease. "Ground Rents Monthly Installment" means the portion of the Ground Rents which, if reserved on a monthly basis, would assure that funds are reserved in sufficient amounts to enable the payment of Ground Rents on their due date (as set forth in each Ground Lease). "Ground Rents Sub-Account" means the Sub-Account of the Cash Collateral Account established and maintained pursuant to Section 2.11 hereof relating to the payment of the Ground Rents. "Hazardous Substance" means, without limitation, any and all substances (whether solid, liquid or gas) defined, listed, or otherwise classified as pollutants, toxic or hazardous wastes, toxic or hazardous substances, toxic or hazardous materials, extremely hazardous wastes, or words of similar meaning or regulatory effect under any present or future Environmental Laws including but not limited to petroleum and petroleum products, asbestos and asbestos-containing materials, polychlorinated biphenyls, lead, radon, radioactive materials, flammables and explosives, but excluding substances of kinds and in small amounts ordinarily and customarily used or stored in similar properties for the purposes of cleaning or other maintenance or operations and otherwise in compliance with all Environmental Laws. "Hotel Operations Sub-Account" shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.11(c). "Impositions" means, collectively, "Impositions" as defined in each Mortgage. "Indebtedness" means, at any given time, the Principal Indebtedness, together with all accrued and unpaid interest thereon and all other obligations and liabilities due or to become due to Lender pursuant hereto, under the Notes or in accordance with any of the other Loan Documents, and all other amounts, sums and expenses paid by or payable to Lender hereunder or pursuant to the Notes or any of the other Loan Documents. "Indemnified Party" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.13. "Independent" means, when used with respect to any Person, a Person who: (i) does not have any direct financial interest or any material indirect financial interest in any Borrower or in any Affiliate of any Borrower (including, without limitation, in any SPE Equity Owner), (ii) is not connected with any Borrower or any Affiliate of any Borrower (including, without limitation, any SPE Equity Owner), as an officer, employee, promoter, underwriter, trustee, partner, member, manager, creditor, director or person performing similar functions (other than in his or her capacity as Independent Director), and (iii) is not a member of the immediate family of a Person defined in (i) or (ii) above. "Independent Director" means, with respect to each Borrower, a duly appointed member of the board of directors (or with respect to a Single Member LLC, the board of 13 managers) of the relevant entity who shall not have been, at the time of such appointment or at any time while serving as a director or manager of the relevant entity and may not have been at any time in the preceding five years (except in a capacity as an "Independent Director" for one or more Affiliates otherwise satisfying the requirements of this definition), (a) a direct or indirect legal or beneficial owner in such entity or any of its affiliates or any Borrower or any of their respective affiliates, (b) a creditor, supplier, employee, officer, director (other than in its capacity as Independent Director), family member, manager, or contractor of such entity or any of its affiliates or any Borrower or any of their respective affiliates, or (c) a Person who controls (directly, indirectly, or otherwise) such entity or any of its affiliates or any Borrower or any of their respective affiliates or any creditor, supplier, employee, officer, director, family member, manager, or contractor of such Person or any of its affiliates or any Borrower or any of their respective affiliates. "Individual Properties" shall mean, collectively, each and every Individual Property. "Individual Property" shall mean, with respect to each individual property described on Exhibit D attached hereto, "Property" as defined in the related Mortgage for such individual property. "Initial Basic Carrying Costs Amount" means the amount shown as such on Exhibit A. "Initial Capital Reserve Amount" means the amount shown as such on Exhibit A. "Initial Ground Rents Amount" means the amount shown as such on Exhibit A. "Initial Interest Rate Cap Agreement" means a confirmation (together with the definitions, ISDA master agreement and schedules relating thereto) between the applicable Acceptable Counterparty and each Borrower, relating to the initial term of the Loan, satisfying the requirements set forth in Exhibit C. "Initial Maturity Date" means September 29, 2006. "Initial PIP Amount" means the amount shown as such on Exhibit A. "Insurance Proceeds" has the meaning, with respect to each Individual Property, provided in the Mortgage for such Individual Property. "Insurance Requirements" has the meaning, with respect to each Individual Property, provided in the Mortgage for such Individual Property. "Interest Accrual Period" shall mean, with respect to any Payment Date, a period commencing on the first (1st) Business Day of the calendar month in which such Payment Date occurs and ending on the day immediately prior to the first (1st) Business Day of the next 14 calendar month. The first Interest Accrual Period shall commence on the Closing Date and continue through and including the day immediately prior to the first Business Day of the calendar month following the month in which the Closing Date occurs. "Interest Rate" means, for any Interest Accrual Period, the LIBOR Interest Rate for the applicable Note or the Default Rate for the applicable Note, as and when applicable pursuant to this Agreement. "Interest Rate Adjustment Date" shall mean the second LIBOR Business Day prior to the first day of an Interest Accrual Period; provided that the Interest Rate Adjustment Date for the first Interest Accrual Period shall be the Closing Date or such other date selected by Lender. The LIBOR Rate set on the Interest Rate Adjustment Date shall be in effect for the Interest Accrual Period immediately following such Interest Rate Adjustment Date. "Interest Rate Cap Agreement" means any Initial Interest Rate Cap Agreement or Extension Interest Rate Cap Agreement. "Investor" has the meaning provided in Section 8.27. "Land" means, collectively, "Land" as defined in each Mortgage. "Late Charge" means the lesser of (i) five percent (5%) of any unpaid amount and (ii) the maximum late charge permitted to be charged under the laws of the State of New York. "Leases" means, collectively, "Leases" as defined in each Mortgage. "Legal Requirements" means all statutes, laws, rules, orders, regulations, ordinances, judgments, orders, decrees and injunctions of Governmental Authorities affecting any Borrower, the Loan Documents, the Collateral or any part thereof, or the ownership, construction, use, alteration or operation thereof, or any part thereof, enacted or entered and in force as of the relevant date, and all Permits and regulations relating thereto, and all covenants, agreements, restrictions and encumbrances contained in any instruments, either of record or known to any Borrower, at any time in force affecting the Collateral or any part thereof, including, without limitation, any which (i) may require repairs, modifications, or alterations in or to the Collateral or any part thereof, or (ii) in any way limit the use and enjoyment thereof, and further including, without limitation, all Environmental Laws and the Americans with Disabilities Act, as they may be amended from time to time, together with all regulations promulgated pursuant thereto or in connection therewith. "Lender" has the meaning provided in the preamble to this Agreement. "Liabilities" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.13. "LIBOR Business Day" means any day on which banks are open for dealing in foreign currency and exchange in London, England. 15 "LIBOR Interest Rate" means, for any Interest Accrual Period, the LIBOR Rate for such Interest Accrual Period plus (a) with respect to Note A-1, the Note A-1 Spread, (b) with respect to Note A-2, the Note A-2 Spread, (c) with respect to Note A-3, the Note A-3 Spread, and (d) with respect to Note B, the Note B Spread. "LIBOR Rate" shall mean the London interbank offered rate for thirty (30) day United States Dollar deposits in an amount of $1,000,000 or more that appears on Telerate Page 3750 (or on such page as may replace Telerate Page 3750 on that service or such other service or services as may be nominated by the British Bankers' Association for the purposes of displaying such rate all as determined by Lender in its sole but good faith discretion) as of 11:00 a.m., London time, on the applicable Interest Rate Adjustment Date to the extent available. If such rate does not appear on Telerate Page 3750 (or on such page as may replace Telerate Page 3750 on that service or such other service or services as may be nominated by the British Bankers' Association for the purposes of displaying such rate all as determined by Lender in its sole but good faith discretion) as of 11:00 a.m., London time, on the applicable Interest Rate Adjustment Date, the LIBOR Rate will be the arithmetic mean of the offered rates (expressed as a percentage per annum) for deposits in U.S. Dollars for a one (1) month period that appear on the Reuters Screen LIBO Page as of 11:00 a.m., London time, on the applicable Interest Rate Adjustment Date, if at least two such offered rates so appear. If fewer than two such offered rates appear on the Reuters Screen LIBO Page as of 11:00 a.m., London time, on the applicable Interest Rate Adjustment Date, Lender will request the principal London office of any four (4) major reference banks in the London interbank market selected by Lender in its sole discretion to provide such bank's offered quotation (expressed as a percentage per annum) to prime banks in the London interbank market for deposits in U.S. Dollars for one (1) month period as of approximately 11:00 a.m., London time, on such Interest Rate Adjustment Date for amounts of not less than $1,000,000. If at least two such offered quotations are so provided, the LIBOR Rate will be the arithmetic mean of such quotations. If fewer than two such quotations are so provided, Lender will request any three (3) major banks in New York City selected by Lender in its sole discretion to provide such banks' rate (expressed as a percentage per annum) for loans in U.S. Dollars to leading European banks for a one (1) month period as of approximately 11:00 a.m. New York City time, on the applicable Interest Rate Adjustment Date for amounts of not less than $1,000,000. If at least two such rates are so provided, the LIBOR Rate will be the arithmetic mean of such rates. If fewer than two such rates are so provided, the then LIBOR Rate will be the LIBOR Rate in effect on the preceding Interest Rate Adjustment Date. The LIBOR Rate for any Interest Accrual Period shall be adjusted from time to time, by increasing the rate thereof to compensate Lender for any aggregate reserve requirements (including, without limitation, all basic, supplemental, marginal and other reserve requirements and taking into account any transactional adjustments or other scheduled changes in reserve requirements during any Interest Accrual Period) which are required to be maintained by Lender with respect to "Eurodollar liabilities" (as presently defined in Regulation D of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System) of the same term under said Regulation D, or any other regulations of a Governmental Authority having jurisdiction over Lender. The establishment of the LIBOR Rate on each Interest Rate Adjustment Date by the Lender and the Lender's calculation of the rate of interest applicable to this Note shall (in the absence of manifest error) be final and binding. 16 "Lien" means any mortgage, deed of trust, deed to secure debt, lien (statutory or other), pledge, easement, restrictive covenant, hypothecation, assignment, preference, priority, security interest, or any other encumbrance or charge on or affecting any portion of the Collateral or any Borrower, or any interest in any of the foregoing, including, without limitation, any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any financing lease having substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing, the filing of any financing statement or similar instrument under the UCC or comparable law of any other jurisdiction, domestic or foreign, and mechanic's, materialmen's and other similar liens and encumbrances. "Loan" has the meaning provided in the Recitals hereto. "Loan Amount" has the meaning provided in the Recitals hereto. "Loan Documents" means, collectively, this Agreement, the Notes, the Mortgages, the Assignments of Leases, the Assignments of Agreements, the Manager's Subordinations, the Franchisor's Subordinations, the Subordination, Attornment and Security Agreements, the Environmental Guaranty, the PIP Guaranty, the Cash Collateral Account Agreement, the Collection Account Agreements, all Interest Rate Cap Agreements, all Rate Cap Pledge and Security Agreements from Borrowers to Lender, the PIP Guaranty and all other agreements, instruments, certificates and documents executed or delivered by or on behalf of Borrower or any Affiliate to evidence or secure the Loan or otherwise in satisfaction of the requirements of this Agreement, any Mortgage or the other documents listed above. "Losses" means any losses, actual damages, costs, fees, expenses, claims, suits, judgments, awards, liabilities (including but not limited to strict liabilities), obligations, debts, fines, penalties, charges, costs of Remediation (whether or not performed voluntarily), amounts paid in settlement, litigation costs, reasonable attorneys' fees, engineers' fees, environmental consultants' fees, and investigation costs (including but not limited to costs for sampling, testing and analysis of soil, water, air, building materials, and other materials and substances whether solid, liquid or gas), of whatever kind or nature, and whether or not incurred in connection with any judicial or administrative proceedings, actions, claims, suits, judgments or awards. "Management Agreement" means the Management Agreement entered into between Manager and each Borrower or Operating Lessee pertaining to the management of each Individual Property in the form attached to the Manager's Subordinations. "Manager" means, individually or collectively, as the context may require, each manager under a Management Agreement, or any successor or assignee, provided that each successor or assignee shall be acceptable to Lender in Lender's discretion. As of the date hereof, the Manager of each Individual Property is set forth on Exhibit F attached hereto. "Manager's Subordination" means, with respect to each Individual Property, the Manager's Consent and Subordination of Management Agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Lender, dated as of the Closing Date, executed by the applicable Manager, each applicable Borrower which owns the Individual Property, Operating Lessee and Lender, as the 17 same may thereafter from time to time be supplemented, amended, modified or extended by one or more written agreements supplemental thereto. "Material Adverse Effect" means a material adverse effect upon (i) the business or the financial position or results of operation of any Borrower, (ii) the ability of any Borrower to perform, or of Lender to enforce, any of the Loan Documents or (iii) the value of (x) the Collateral with respect to any Individual Property taken as a whole or (y) any Individual Property. "Material Lease" means, collectively, (a) any "Material Lease" as defined in each Mortgage, (b) each Operating Lease, and (c) each Ground Lease. "Maturity Date" means Initial Maturity Date or such earlier date resulting from acceleration of the Indebtedness by Lender. "Maximum Amount" means the maximum rate of interest designated by applicable laws relating to payment of interest and usury. "Mezzanine Borrower" shall mean Ashford Mezz Borrower LLC, a Delaware limited liability company. "Mezzanine Debt Service" shall mean, with respect to any particular period of time, scheduled principal and/or interest payments and all other amounts that accrue or are due and payable under the Mezzanine Loan for such period. "Mezzanine Debt Service Payment Sub-Account" shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.11(c). "Mezzanine Lender" shall mean the entity making the Mezzanine Loan, its successors and assigns. "Mezzanine Loan" shall mean that certain mezzanine loan made on the date hereof in the original principal amount of $25,000,000 to Mezzanine Borrower. "Mezzanine Loan Documents" shall mean all agreements, instruments, certificates and documents executed or delivered by or on behalf of Mezzanine Borrower or any Affiliate thereof to evidence or secure the Mezzanine Loan. "Mezzanine Release Price" shall have the definition of "Release Price" set forth in the Mezzanine Loan Agreement. "Mold" means any mold or fungus in violation of Legal Requirements present at or in any Individual Property. "Mortgage" means, with respect to each Individual Property, the first priority Mortgage or Deed of Trust, Assignment of Rents, Security Agreement and Fixture Filing or such 18 other comparable document which is customarily used by prudent lenders in the jurisdiction in which such Individual Property is located, in form and substance satisfactory to Lender in Lender's discretion, dated as of the Closing Date, granted by each applicable Borrower which owns such Individual Property to Lender (or, in the case of a Deed of Trust, to Deed of Trust Trustee for the benefit of Lender) with respect to such Individual Property as security for the Loan, as the same may thereafter from time to time be supplemented, amended, modified or extended by one or more written agreements supplemental thereto. "Mortgaged Property" means, collectively, or individually (as the context requires), the "Mortgaged Property" or the "Trust Estate" as defined in the Mortgage for each Individual Property. "Morgan Collection Bank" means JP Morgan Chase Bank. "Multiemployer Plan" means a multiemployer plan defined as such in Section 3(37) of ERISA to which contributions have been made by Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate and which is covered by Title IV of ERISA. "Net Operating Income" means, with respect to each Individual Property, for any period the excess, if any, of Operating Income for such period over Operating Expenses for such period. "Note A-1" shall have the meaning set forth in the Recitals hereto. "Note A-2" shall have the meaning set forth in the Recitals hereto. "Note A-3" shall have the meaning set forth in the Recitals hereto. "Note B" shall have the meaning set forth in the Recitals hereto. "Note A-1 Holder" shall have the meaning set forth in the Recitals hereto. "Note A-2 Holder" shall have the meaning set forth in the Recitals hereto. "Note A-3 Holder" shall have the meaning set forth in the Recitals hereto. "Note B Holder" shall have the meaning set forth in the Recitals hereto. "Note A-1 Spread" means 0.95%. "Note A-2 Spread" means 0.95%. "Note A-3 Spread" means 0.95%. "Note B Spread" means 3.50%. 19 "Notes" means, collectively, Note A-1, Note A-2, Note A-3 and Note B. "OFAC List" means the list of specially designated nationals and blocked persons subject to financial sanctions that is maintained by the U.S. Treasury Department, Office of Foreign Assets Control and any other similar list maintained by the U.S. Treasury Department, Office of Foreign Assets Control pursuant to any Legal Requirements (or is such list does not exist, the similar list then being maintained by the United States, including, without limitation, trade embargo, economic sanctions, or other prohibitions imposed by Executive Order of the President of the United States. The OFAC List currently is accessible through the internet website at www.treas.gov/ofac/t11sdn.pdf. "Officer's Certificate" means, with respect to each Borrower, a certificate of such Borrower which is signed by the managing equity owner of such Borrower. "Operating Expenses" means, with respect to each Individual Property, for any period, all expenditures by the Borrower which owns the Individual Property or the Operating Lessee, as and to the extent required to be expensed under GAAP during such period in connection with the ownership, operation, maintenance, repair or leasing of such Individual Property, including, without limitation or duplication expenses in connection with cleaning, repair, replacement, painting and maintenance; wages, benefits, payroll taxes, uniforms, insurance costs and all other related expenses for employees of such Borrower, Operating Lessee or any Affiliate engaged in repair, operation, maintenance of such Individual Property or service to tenants, patrons or guests of such Individual Property, as applicable; any management and franchise fees and expenses; the cost of all electricity, oil, gas, water, steam, heat, ventilation, air conditioning and any other energy, utility or similar item and overtime services; the cost of cleaning supplies; Impositions; business interruption, liability, casualty and fidelity insurance premiums; legal, accounting and other professional fees and expenses incurred in connection with the ownership, leasing or operation of any Individual Property, including, without limitation, collection costs and expenses; costs and expenses of security and security systems; trash removal and exterminating costs and expenses; advertising and marketing costs; costs of environmental audits and monitoring, environmental, investigation, remediation or other response actions or any other expenses incurred with respect to compliance with Environmental Laws; and all other ongoing expenses which in accordance with GAAP are required to be or are included in such Borrower's or Operating Lessee's annual financial statements as operating expenses of such Individual Property. Operating Expenses shall be calculated in accordance with GAAP. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Operating Expenses shall not include (v) Capital Improvement Costs, (w) any taxes imposed on the applicable Borrower's or Operating Lessee's net income, (x) depreciation or amortization of intangibles (y) Debt Service and other payments in connection with the Indebtedness, or (z) any rental or other payments due and payable to Borrower by Operating Lessee pursuant to the terms of any Operating Lease. "Operating Income" means, with respect to each Individual Property, for any period, for Borrower which owns the Individual Property, all revenue derived from the 20 ownership and operation of each Individual Property from whatever source, including, without limitation: all amounts payable as Rents and all other amounts payable under Leases (other than the Operating Lease) or other third party agreements relating to the ownership and operation of such Individual Property; business interruption insurance proceeds; and all other amounts which in accordance with GAAP are required to be or are included in such Borrower's or Operating Lessee's annual financial statements as operating income of such Individual Property but excluding any lease termination payments, use and occupancy or other taxes on receipts required to be accounted for by Borrower to any Governmental Authority, refunds on uncollectible accounts, sales of furniture, fixtures and equipment, Insurance Proceeds (other than business interruption insurance), Condemnation Proceeds, rents, revenues and receipts received by tenants and concessionaires located at the Individual Properties, unforfeited security deposits, utility and other similar deposits and any disbursements to Borrower from the Cash Collateral Account and any Sub-Accounts. Operating Income shall not include any rental or other payments due and payable to Borrower by Operating Lessee pursuant to the terms of any Operating Lease. "Operating Lease" shall mean, individually or collectively, as the context may require, the operating lease or similar agreement entered into by and between the applicable Borrower and the Operating Lessee, which governs the operation of one of more of the Individual Properties as the same may be amended, restated, replaced, supplemented or modified from time to time, in accordance with the terms hereof. "Operating Lessee" shall mean, individually or collectively, as the context may require, any operating lessee under an Operating Lease, which is an Affiliate of the Borrowers and which is a Special Purpose Entity, provided that such operating lessee shall be selected in accordance with the terms hereof. As of the date hereof, the term Operating Lessee is Ashford TRS Lessee LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, the current operating lessee of each Individual Property, and an Affiliate of the Borrowers. "Other Borrowings" means, without duplication (but not including the Indebtedness or any Transaction Costs payable in connection with the Transactions), (i) all indebtedness of any Borrower for borrowed money or for the deferred purchase price of property or services, (ii) all indebtedness of any Borrower evidenced by a note, bond, debenture or similar instrument, (iii) the face amount of all letters of credit issued for the account of any Borrower and, without duplication, all unreimbursed amounts drawn thereunder, (iv) all indebtedness of any Borrower secured by a Lien on any property owned by any Borrower whether or not such indebtedness has been assumed, (v) all Contingent Obligations of any Borrower, and (vi) all payment obligations of any Borrower under any interest rate protection agreement (including, without limitation, any interest rate swaps, caps, floors, collars or similar agreements) and similar agreements. "Payment Date" shall mean the last Business Day of each month commencing on October 29, 2004 and continuing to and including the Maturity Date (or, if the Maturity Date is not on a Business Day, the immediately preceding Business Day). 21 "PBGC" means the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation established under ERISA, or any successor thereto. "Partial Release" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.15. "Permits" means, collectively, "Permits" as defined in each Mortgage. "Permitted Encumbrances" means, with respect to each Individual Property, (i) the Lien created by the Mortgage for such Individual Property or the other Loan Documents, (ii) all Liens and other matters disclosed in the Title Insurance Policy concerning the Individual Property, or any part thereof which have been approved by Lender in Lender's discretion, (iii) Liens, if any, for Impositions with respect to imposed by any Governmental Authority not yet due or delinquent or being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings in accordance with the Mortgage for such Individual Property, (iv) without limiting the foregoing, any and all governmental, public utility and private restrictions, covenants, reservations, easements, licenses or other agreements of an immaterial nature which may hereafter be granted by each applicable Borrower which owns the Individual Property after the Closing Date and which do not materially and adversely affect (a) the ability of any Borrower to pay any of its obligations to any Person as and when due, (b) the marketability of title to such Individual Property, (c) the fair market value of such Individual Property, or (d) the use or operation of such Individual Property as of the Closing Date and thereafter, (v) rights of existing and future tenants, licensees and concessionaries pursuant to Leases in effect as of the date hereof or entered into in accordance with the Loan Documents, (vi) the Operating Leases, (vii) FF&E Financing applicable to the Individual Property, (viii) liens in favor of Mortgagee, and, (ix) with respect to the Individual Property owned by Ashford Bucks County LLC only, the Declaration. "Permitted Investments" has the meaning provided in the Cash Collateral Account Agreement. "Permitted Transfers" shall mean, (A) with respect to each Individual Property and each Borrower: (i) provided that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Permitted Encumbrances (other than Permitted Encumbrances arising prior to the occurrence of such Event of Default); (ii) provided that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, all transfers of worn out or obsolete furnishings, fixtures or equipment that are (if deemed necessary or advisable by the applicable Borrower or Operating Lessee) reasonably promptly replaced with property of equivalent value and functionality in the ordinary course of the Borrowers' or Operating Lessees operation of each Individual Property; (iii) provided that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, all Leases which are not Material Leases (other than Material Leases entered into prior to the occurrence of such Event of Default); (iv) all Material Leases which have been approved by Lender in writing pursuant to the terms of this Agreement; (v) the pledge of the Equity Interests in the Operating Lessee by Ashford TRS Corporation as security for the Mezzanine Loan and the pledge of Equity Interests in the Borrowers and the direct ownership interest in SPE Equity Owner by Mezzanine Borrower pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of the Mezzanine Loan Documents; (vi) provided that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, transfers of Equity Interests which in the aggregate during the term 22 of the Loan (a) do not exceed forty-nine percent (49%) of the total interests in any Borrower and (b) do not result in any partner's, member's or other Person's interest in any Borrower exceeding forty-nine percent (49%) of the total interests in any Borrower; (vii) provided that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, any other transfer of Equity Interests provided that (a) prior to any Secondary Market Transaction, Lender shall have consented to such transfer or transfers, (b) after any Secondary Market Transaction, (1) Lender shall have consented to such transfer or transfers and (2) the Rating Agencies shall have confirmed in writing that such transfer or transfers shall not result in a downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of any securities issued in connection with such Secondary Market Transaction, (c) acceptable opinions relating to such transfer or transfers shall have been delivered by Borrowers to Lender and the Rating Agencies (including, without limitation, tax and bankruptcy opinions), and (d) Borrowers pay all reasonable expenses incurred by Lender in connection with such transfer or transfers; (viii) transfers, issuance, conversions, pledges and redemptions of stock, membership interests and partnership interests in Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation (or its successors), Ashford OP General Partner LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Ashford OP Limited Partner LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or Ashford Hospitality Limited Partnership, a Delaware limited partnership, and (ix) the merger or consolidation of Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. (or its successors), and (B) with respect to Operating Lessee, (i) provided that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, transfers of direct or indirect equity interests in Operating Lessee which in the aggregate during the term of the Loan (a) do not exceed forty-nine percent (49%) of the total interests in Operating Lessee, and (b) do not result in any partner's, member's or other Person's interest in any Operating Lessee exceeding forty-nine percent (49%) of the total interests in Operating Lessee; (ii) provided that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, any other transfer of direct or indirect equity interests in Operating Lessee provided that (a) prior to any Secondary Market Transaction, Lender shall have consented to such transfer or transfers, (b) after any Secondary Market Transaction, (1) Lender shall have consented to such transfer or transfers and (2) the Rating Agencies shall have confirmed in writing that such transfer or transfers shall not result in a downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of any securities issued in connection with such Secondary Market Transaction, (c) acceptable opinions relating to such transfer or transfers shall have been delivered by Operating Lessee or the Borrowers to Lender and the Rating Agencies (including, without limitation, tax and bankruptcy opinions), and (d) Operating Lessee or the Borrowers pay all reasonable expenses incurred by Lender in connection with such transfer or transfers; (iii) transfers, issuance, conversions, pledges and redemptions of stock, membership interests and partnership interests in Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation (or its successors), Ashford OP General Partner LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Ashford OP Limited Partner LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or Ashford Hospitality Limited Partnership, a Delaware limited partnership; and (iv) the merger or consolidation of Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. (or its successors). "Person" means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, estate, trust, unincorporated association, or any other entity, any federal, state, county or municipal government or any bureau, department or agency thereof and any fiduciary acting in such capacity on behalf of any of the foregoing. 23 "PIP Costs" means the costs described on Exhibit I. "PIP Guaranty" means the PIP Guaranty in form and substance satisfactory to Lender dated as of the Closing Date from Ashford Hospitality Limited Partnership to Lender, as the same may thereafter be from time to time supplemented, amended, modified or extended by one or more agreements supplemental thereto. "PIP Reserve Amount" means the amount shown on Exhibit A. "PIP Reserve Sub-Account" means the Sub-Account of the Cash Collateral Account established and maintained pursuant to Section 2.11 relating to the payment of PIP Costs. "PIP Work" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1(W). "Plan" means an employee benefit or other plan established or maintained by any Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate and that is covered by Title IV of ERISA, other than a Multiemployer Plan. "Principal Indebtedness" means the principal amount of the entire Loan outstanding as the same may be increased or decreased, as a result of prepayment or otherwise, from time to time. "Prepayment Premium" means, with respect to any prepayment of the Principal Indebtedness, or acceleration of the Loan, in either case, made prior to or on September 1, 2006, an amount equal to one percent (1.00%) of the Principal Indebtedness being prepaid (it being understood that Borrower shall not be permitted to voluntarily prepay all or any part of the Loan prior to October 1, 2005). "Proceeds" means all "proceeds," as such term is defined in the UCC, and, to the extent not included in such definition, all proceeds whether cash or non-cash, movable or immovable, tangible or intangible (including all Insurance Proceeds, all Condemnation Proceeds and proceeds of proceeds), from the Collateral, including, without limitation, those from the sale, exchange, transfer, collection, loss, damage, disposition, substitution or replacement of any of the Collateral and all income, gain, credit, distributions and similar items from or with respect to the Collateral. "Rate Cap Pledge and Security Agreement" means that certain form of Rate Cap Pledge and Security Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit E. "Rating Agencies" means Fitch, Inc., Moody's Investors Service, Inc., S&P, and Dominion Bond Rating Service Limited, or any successor thereto, and any other nationally recognized statistical rating organization but only to the extent that any of the foregoing have been or will be engaged by Lender or its designees in connection with or in anticipation of a Secondary Market Transaction (each, individually a "Rating Agency"). 24 "Rating Agency Confirmation" means a written confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies rating any securities issued in connection with a Secondary Market Transaction that an action shall not result in a downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of any securities issued in connection with a Secondary Market Transaction. "Recourse Distributions" has the meaning provided in Section 8.14. "Release" with respect to any Hazardous Substance includes but is not limited to any release, deposit, discharge, emission, leaking, leaching, spilling, seeping, migrating, injecting, pumping, pouring, emptying, escaping, dumping, disposing or other movement of Hazardous Substances. "Release Price" shall have the meaning as set forth in Section 2.15(b). "Remediation" (and its correlative terms) includes but is not limited to any response, remedial, removal, or corrective action; any activity to clean up, detoxify, decontaminate, contain or otherwise remediate any Hazardous Substance; any actions to prevent, cure or mitigate any Release of any Hazardous Substance; any action to comply with any Environmental Laws or with any permits issued pursuant thereto; any inspection, investigation, study, monitoring, assessment, audit, sampling and testing, laboratory or other analysis, or evaluation relating to any Hazardous Substances or to anything referred to herein, including the preparation of any plans, studies, reports or documents with respect thereto. "REMIC" means a real estate mortgage investment conduit as defined under Section 860D of the Code. "Remington Manager" means Remington Lodging & Hospitality LP, a Delaware limited partnership. "Rents means, collectively, "Rents" as defined in each Mortgage. "Required Debt Service Payment" means, on any Payment Date, the Debt Service then due and payable by Borrowers. "Reuters Screen LIBO Page" means the display page designated as "LIBO" on the Reuters Monitor Money Rates Service. "S&P" means Standard & Poor's Ratings Services, a division of The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc. "Second Extended Maturity Date" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.10. "Second Extension Term" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.10. "Secondary Market Transaction" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.13. 25 "Secretary's Certificate" means, with respect to each Borrower, Operating Lessee and Remington Manager, the certificate in form and substance satisfactory to Lender in Lender's discretion dated as of the Closing Date. "Securities Act" has the meaning provided in Section 2.13. "Single Member LLC" means a limited liability company that (i) is either (a) a single member limited liability company or (b) a multiple member limited liability company that does not have a Single-Purpose Entity that owns at least one percent (1%) of the equity interests in such limited liability company as its managing member, and (ii) is organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. "Single-Purpose Entity" means a corporation, limited partnership, or limited liability company which, at all times since its formation and thereafter (i) was and will be organized solely for the purpose of (w) owning, leasing, operating, managing, financing and maintaining any or all of the Individual Properties or (x) acting as an operating lessee pursuant to the terms of an Operating Lease or (y) acting as the managing member of the limited liability company which owns any or all of the Individual Properties or (z) acting as the general partner of a limited partnership which owns any or all of the Individual Property, (ii) has not and will not engage in any business unrelated to (x) the ownership, leasing, operating, managing, financing and maintaining of any or all of the Individual Properties or (y) acting as a member of a limited liability company which owns any or all of the Individual Properties or (z) acting as a general partner of a limited partnership which owns any or all of the Individual Properties, (iii) has not and will not have any assets other than (x) those related to any or all of the Individual Properties or (y) its member interest in the limited liability company which owns any or all of the Individual Properties or (z) its general partnership interest in the limited partnership which owns any or all of the Individual Properties, as applicable, (iv) has not and will not engage in, seek or consent to any dissolution, winding up, liquidation, consolidation or merger, and, except as otherwise expressly permitted by this Agreement, has not and will not engage in, seek or consent to any asset sale, transfer of partnership or membership or shareholder interests, or amendment of its limited partnership agreement, articles of incorporation, articles of organization, certificate of formation or operating agreement (as applicable), (v) if such entity is a limited partnership, has and will have at all times while the Loan is outstanding as its only general partners, general partners which are and will be Single-Purpose Entities which are corporations or a Single Member LLC, (vi) if such entity is a corporation or a Single Member LLC, at all relevant times while the Loan is outstanding, has and will have at least two Independent Directors, (vii) the board of directors of such entity (or if such entity is a Single Member LLC, the entity, each member, each director, each manager, the board of managers, if any, and all other Persons on behalf of such entity), has not taken and will not take any action requiring the unanimous affirmative vote of one hundred percent (100%) of the members and all directors and managers, as applicable, unless all of the directors or managers, as applicable, including, without limitation, all Independent Directors, shall have participated in such vote, (viii) has not and will not fail to correct any known misunderstanding regarding the separate identity of such entity, (ix) if such entity is a limited liability company (other than a Single Member LLC), has and will have at least 26 one member that is and will be a Single-Purpose Entity which is and will be a corporation, and such corporation is and will be the managing member of such limited liability company, (x) without the unanimous consent of all of the partners, directors or managers (including, without limitation, all Independent Directors) or members, as applicable, has not and will not with respect to itself or to any other entity in which it has a direct or indirect legal or beneficial ownership interest (w) file a bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization petition or otherwise institute insolvency proceedings or otherwise seek any relief under any laws relating to the relief from debts or the protection of debtors generally; (x) seek or consent to the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator, custodian or any similar official for such entity or such entity's properties; (y) make any assignment for the benefit of such entity's creditors; or (z) take any action that might cause such entity to become insolvent, (xi) has maintained and will maintain its accounts, books and records separate from any other Person or entity, (xii) has maintained and will maintain its books, records, resolutions and agreements as official records, (xiii) has not commingled and will not commingle its funds or assets with those of any other entity except as permitted by the Loan Documents, (xiv) has held and will hold its assets in its own name, (xv) has conducted and will conduct its business in its name and will not permit its name, identity or type of entity to be changed, (xvi) has maintained and will maintain its financial statements, accounting records and other entity documents separate from any other Person or entity, except to the extent that such Person or entity is required to file consolidated tax returns by law; provided, that any such consolidated financial statement shall contain a footnote indicating that separate assets and liabilities are neither available to pay the debts of the consolidated entity nor constitute obligations of the consolidated entity, (xvii) has paid and will pay its own liabilities out of its own funds and assets, (xviii) has observed and will observe all partnership, corporate or limited liability company formalities as applicable, (xix) has maintained and will maintain an arms-length relationship with its Affiliates, (xx) if (x) such entity owns all of any portion of any or all of the Individual Properties, has and will have no indebtedness other than the Indebtedness, unsecured trade payables in the ordinary course of business relating to the ownership and operation of such Individual Property which (1) are not evidenced by a promissory note (2) when aggregated with the unsecured trade payables of all other Borrowers and Operating Lessee do not exceed, at any time, a maximum amount of two and one-half percent (2.5%) of the original Loan Amount and (3) are paid within 60 days of the date incurred (unless same are being contested in accordance with the terms of this Agreement), or other indebtedness that has been fully discharged on or prior to the date hereof, or (y) if such entity acts as the general partner of a limited partnership which owns such Individual Property, has and will have no indebtedness other than unsecured trade payables in the ordinary course of business relating to acting as general partner of the limited partnership which owns such Individual Property which (1) do not exceed, at any time, $10,000 and (2) are paid within 60 days of the date incurred, or (z) if such entity acts as a managing member of a limited liability company which owns such Individual Property, has and will have no indebtedness other than unsecured trade payables in the ordinary course of business relating to acting as a member of the limited liability company which owns such Individual Property which (1) do not exceed, at any time, $10,000 and (2) are paid within 60 days of the date incurred, (xxi) has not and will not assume or guarantee or become obligated for the debts of any other entity or hold out its credit as being available to satisfy the obligations of any other entity except for the Indebtedness, (xxii) has not 27 acquired and will not acquire obligations or securities of its partners, members or shareholders, (xxiii) has allocated and will allocate fairly and reasonably shared expenses, including, without limitation, shared office space and use separate stationery, invoices and checks, (xxiv) except pursuant hereto, has not and will not pledge its assets for the benefit of any other person or entity, (xxv) has held and identified itself and will hold itself out and identify itself as a separate and distinct entity under its own name and not as a division or part of any other person or entity, (xxvi) has not made and will not make loans to any person or entity, (xxvii) has not and will not identify its partners, members or shareholders, or any affiliates of any of them as a division or part of it, (xxviii) if such entity is a limited liability company (other than a Single Member LLC), such entity shall dissolve only upon the bankruptcy of the managing member, and such entity's articles of organization, certificate of formation and/or operating agreement, as applicable, shall contain such provision, (xxix) has not entered and will not enter into or be a party to, any transaction with its partners, members, shareholders or its affiliates except in the ordinary course of its business and on terms which are intrinsically fair and are no less favorable to it than would be obtained in a comparable arms-length transaction with an unrelated third party and which are fully disclosed to Lender in writing in advance, (xxx) has paid and will pay the salaries of its own employees from its own funds, (xxxi) has maintained and intends to maintain adequate capital in light of its contemplated business operations, (xxxii) if such entity is a limited liability company (other than a Single Member LLC) or limited partnership, and such entity has one or more managing members or general partners, as applicable, then such entity shall continue (and not dissolve) for so long as a solvent managing member or general partner, as applicable, exists and such entity's organizational documents shall contain such provision, (xxxiii) if such entity is a Single Member LLC, its organizational documents shall provide that, as long as any portion of the Indebtedness remains outstanding, upon the occurrence of any event that causes the last remaining member of such Single Member LLC to cease to be a member of such Single Member LLC (other than (y) upon an assignment by such member of all of its limited liability company interest in such Single Member LLC and the admission of the transferee, if permitted pursuant to the organizational documents of such Single Member LLC and the Loan Documents, or (z) the resignation of such member and the admission of an additional member of such Single Member LLC, if permitted pursuant to the organizational documents of such Single Member LLC and the Loan Documents), the individuals acting as the Independent Directors of such Single Member LLC shall, without any action of any Person and simultaneously with the last remaining member of the Single Member LLC ceasing to be a member of the Single Member LLC, automatically be admitted as non-economic members of the Single Member LLC (the "Special Member") and shall preserve and continue the existence of the Single Member LLC without dissolution, and (xxxiv) if such entity is a Single Member LLC, its organizational documents shall provide that for so long as any portion of the Indebtedness is outstanding, no Special Member may resign or transfer its rights as Special Member unless (y) a successor Special Member has been admitted to such Single Member LLC as a Special Member, and (z) such successor Special Member has also accepted its appointment as the Independent Director. "Special Member" has the meaning provided in the definition of "Single-Purpose Entity." 28 "SPE Equity Owner" means, (a) with respect to each Borrower other than Ashford Bucks County LLC, Ashford Senior General Partner LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and (b) with respect to Ashford Bucks County LLC, (i) Ashford Mezz Borrower LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and (ii) Bucks County Member LLC, a Delaware limited liability company. "SPE Equity Owner's Certificate" means the SPE Equity Owner's Certificate in form and substance satisfactory to Lender dated as of the Closing Date. "Start-Up Day" means the "start-up day," within the meaning of Section 860G(a)(9) of the Code, of any REMIC that holds the Notes. "Strike Rate" means 6% per annum. "Sub-Account" shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.11(c). "Subordination, Attornment and Security Agreement" shall mean for each Operating Lease, a Subordination, Attornment and Security Agreement or other similar agreement among Lender, the applicable Borrower and the Operating Lessee, in form and substance acceptable to Lender, as the same may be amended, restated, replaced, supplemented or otherwise modified in accordance with the terms hereof. "Survey" means, with respect to each Individual Property, a survey of such Individual Property satisfactory to Lender, (i) prepared by a registered Independent surveyor satisfactory to Lender and Title Insurer and containing a surveyor's certification satisfactory to Lender, (ii) together with a metes and bounds or platted lot/block legal description of the land corresponding with the survey, and (iii) prepared based on a scope of work determined by Lender in Lender's discretion. "Taking" has the meaning, with respect to each Individual Property, provided in the Mortgage for such Individual Property. "Tax Fair Market Value" means, with respect to each Individual Property, the fair market value of such Individual Property, and (x) shall not include the value of any personal property or other property that is not an "interest in real property" within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Sections 1.860G-2 and 1.856-3(c), or is not "qualifying real property" within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Section 1.593-11(b)(iv), and (y) shall be reduced by the "adjusted issue price" (within the meaning of Code Section 1272(a)(4)) (the "Tax Adjusted Issue Price") of any indebtedness, other than the Loan, secured by a Lien affecting such Individual Property, which Lien is prior to or on a parity with the Lien created under the Mortgage for such Individual Property. "Third Extended Maturity Date" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.10. "Third Extension Term" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.10. 29 "Title Instruction Letter" means an instruction letter in form and substance satisfactory to Lender in Lender's discretion. "Title Insurance Policy" means, with respect to each Individual Property, a loan policy of title insurance for such Individual Property issued by Title Insurer with respect to such Individual Property in an amount acceptable to Lender and insuring the first priority lien in favor of Lender created by the Mortgage for such Individual Property, in each case acceptable to Lender in Lender's discretion. "Title Insurer" means Chicago Title Insurance Company and First American Title Insurance Company, as co-insurers. "Transaction Costs" means all fees, costs, expenses and disbursements of Lender relating to the Transactions, including, without limitation, all appraisal fees, legal fees, accounting fees and the costs and expenses described in Section 8.24. "Transactions" means the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents. "Transfer" means any conveyance, transfer (including, without limitation, any transfer of any direct or indirect legal or beneficial interest (including, without limitation, any profit interest) in any Borrower, Operating Lessee or any SPE Equity Owner), any sale, any Lease (including, without limitation, any amendment, extension, modification, waiver or renewal thereof), or any Lien, whether by law or otherwise, of, on or affecting any Collateral, any Borrower, Operating Lessee or any SPE Equity Owner, other than a Permitted Transfer. "UCC" means, with respect to any Collateral, the Uniform Commercial Code in effect in the jurisdiction in which the relevant Collateral is located. "UCC Searches" has the meaning provided in Section 3.1. "U.S. Obligations" means obligations or securities not subject to prepayment, call or early redemption which are direct obligations of, or obligations fully guaranteed as to timely payment by, the United States of America or any agency or instrumentality of the United States of America, the obligations of which are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America. ARTICLE 2 GENERAL TERMS Section 2.1. Amount of the Loan Lender shall lend to Borrowers a total aggregate amount equal to the Loan Amount. Section 2.2 Use of Proceeds Proceeds of the Loan shall be used for the following purposes: (a) to pay the refinancing costs for each Individual Property owned by Borrower, (b) 30 to fund any upfront reserves or escrow amounts required hereunder, and (c) to pay any Transaction Costs. Any excess will be available to Borrowers (and appointed at Borrower's request) and may be used for any lawful purpose. Section 2.3 Security for the Loan The Notes and each Borrower's obligations hereunder and under the other Loan Documents shall be secured by all Mortgages, the Assignments of Leases, the Assignments of Agreements, the Manager's Subordinations, and the security interests and Liens granted in this Agreement and in the other Loan Documents. Section 2.4 Borrowers' Notes (a) Each Borrowers' obligation to pay the principal of and interest on the Loan (including Late Charges, Default Rate interest, and the Prepayment Premium, if any), shall be evidenced by this Agreement and by the Notes, duly executed and delivered by all Borrowers. The Note shall be payable as to principal, interest, Late Charges, Default Rate interest and Prepayment Premium, if any, as specified in this Agreement, with a final maturity on the Maturity Date. Borrowers shall pay all outstanding Indebtedness on the Maturity Date. (b) Lender is hereby authorized, at its option, to endorse on a schedule attached to the Notes (or on a continuation of such schedule attached to the Notes and made a part thereof) an appropriate notation evidencing the date and amount of each payment of principal, interest, Late Charges, Default Rate interest and Prepayment Premium, if any, in respect thereof, which schedule shall be made available to Borrowers, at Borrowers' sole cost and expense on reasonable advance notice, for examination at Lender's offices. Section 2.5 Principal, Interest and Other Payments (a) Accrual of Interest. Interest shall accrue on the outstanding principal balance of the Notes and all other amounts due to Lender under the Loan Documents at the applicable LIBOR Interest Rate. (b) Monthly Payments of Interest at the LIBOR Interest Rate. On each Payment Date, Borrowers shall pay to Lender interest on the unpaid Principal Indebtedness calculated under each Note at the applicable LIBOR Interest Rate which has accrued and will accrue under such Note through the last day of the Interest Accrual Period in which such Payment Date occurs. (c) Payment Dates. All payments required to be made pursuant to paragraph (b) above shall be made beginning on the first Payment Date; provided, however, that Borrower shall pay interest for the first Interest Accrual Period on the Closing Date. (d) Calculation of Interest. Interest shall accrue on the outstanding principal balance of the Loan and all other amounts due to Lender under the Loan Documents commencing upon the Closing Date. Interest shall be computed on the actual number of days elapsed, based on a 360 day year. 31 (e) Default Rate Interest. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, and at the sole option of Lender and without need for notice to the Borrowers, the entire unpaid amount outstanding hereunder and under the Notes will bear interest at the Default Rate. (f) Late Charge. If Borrowers fail to make any payment of any sums due under the Loan Documents on the date when the same is due, Borrowers shall pay a Late Charge. (g) Other Payments. On each Payment Date, Borrowers shall pay to Lender (for allocation as set forth herein) the Basic Carry Costs Monthly Installment, the Ground Rents Monthly Installment, the Required Debt Service Payment, the Capital Reserve Monthly Installment and any and all fees and other amounts then due to the Cash Collateral Account Bank, all for the then Current Interest Accrual Period. (h) Maturity Date. On the Maturity Date, Borrowers shall pay to Lender all amounts owing under the Loan Documents including, without limitation, interest, principal, Late Charges, Default Rate interest and any Prepayment Premium. (i) Prepayment Premium. Upon any repayment or prepayment of the Principal Indebtedness, including, without limitation, in connection with an acceleration of the Loan, but excluding a prepayment made in connection with Section 2.6(b) hereof, Borrowers shall pay to Lender on the date of such repayment, prepayment or acceleration of the Loan the Prepayment Premium applicable thereto. All Prepayment Premium payments hereunder shall be deemed earned by Lender upon the funding of the Loan. Section 2.6 Prepayment (a) Provided that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing hereunder, Borrowers may prepay the Indebtedness in full (or in part solely in connection with the consummation of a Partial Release) at any time after October 1, 2005, provided, (i) that simultaneously therewith, Mezzanine Borrower shall make a prepayment of principal of the Mezzanine Loan, (ii) that such prepayment of the Indebtedness shall bear the same proportion to the Principal Amount of the Loan immediately prior to such prepayment as the prepayment of the Mezzanine Loan bears to the principal amount of the Mezzanine Loan immediately prior to such prepayment, and (ii) in the event that such prepayment is not made on a Payment Date, simultaneously therewith, the Borrowers pay to Lender all interest accrued on the amount of the Loan prepaid through the last day of the Interest Accrual Period during which such prepayment occurs. (b) At any time during the term of the Loan, if any Borrower is required by Lender under the provisions of any Mortgage to prepay the Loan or any portion thereof in the event of damage to or destruction of, or a Taking of any Individual Property, such Borrower shall pay any Insurance Proceeds or Condemnation proceeds in the following manner and order of priority (i) first, to prepay the Loan to the full extent of the Insurance Proceeds or 32 the Condemnation Proceeds, as applicable, to the extent of the Allocated Loan Amount for the applicable Individual Property, (ii) second, to prepay the Mezzanine Loan to the full extent of the Mezzanine Allocated Loan Amount (as defined in the Mezzanine Loan Agreement) for the applicable Individual Property, (iii) third, to Lender and Mezzanine Lender pro rata to prepay the Loan and Mezzanine Loan to the extent of the positive difference between the sum of the Release Price and the Mezzanine Release Price for such Individual Property and the combined Allocated Loan Amount (for the Loan and the Mezzanine Loan) for such Individual Property; and (iv) to the Borrowers. (c) All prepayments of the Indebtedness made pursuant to this Section shall be applied by Lender in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.7 hereof. (d) No Borrower shall be permitted at any time to prepay all or any part of the Loan except as expressly provided in this Section. Section 2.7 Application of Payments At all times, all proceeds of repayment, including without limitation any payment or recovery on the Collateral and any prepayments on the Loan, shall be applied among the Notes and to such amounts payable by Borrowers under the Loan Documents and in such order and in such manner as Lender shall elect in Lender's discretion. Section 2.8 Payment of Debt Service, Method and Place of Payment (a) Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, all payments and prepayments under this Agreement and the Notes shall be made to Lender not later than 12:00 noon, New York City time, on the date when due, and shall be made in lawful money of the United States of America in federal or other immediately available funds to an account specified to Borrower by Lender in writing, and any funds received by Lender after such time, for all purposes hereof, shall be deemed to have been paid on the next succeeding Business Day. (b) All payments made by any Borrower hereunder or by any Borrower under the other Loan Documents, shall be made irrespective of, and without any deduction for, any set-offs or counterclaims. Section 2.9 Taxes; Funding Losses; Changes in Law (a) All payments made by any Borrower under this Agreement and under the other Loan Documents shall be made free and clear of, and without deduction or withholding for or on account of, any present or future income, stamp or other taxes, levies, imposts, duties, charges, fees, deductions or withholdings, and all liabilities with respect thereto, now or hereafter imposed, levied, collected, withheld or assessed by any Governmental Authority (all such non-excluded taxes, levies, imposts, duties, charges, fees, deductions, withholdings and liabilities, collectively, "Applicable Taxes"). If any Borrower shall be required by law to deduct any Applicable Taxes from or in respect of any sum payable hereunder to 33 Lender, the following shall apply: (i) such Borrower shall make all such required deductions, (ii) the sum payable to Lender shall be increased as may be necessary so that after making all required deductions (including deductions applicable to additional sums payable under this Section 2.9(a)), Lender receives an amount equal to the sum Lender would have received had no such deductions been made and (iii) such Borrower shall pay the full amount deducted to the relevant taxing authority or other authority in accordance with applicable law. Payments made pursuant to this Section 2.9(a) shall be made within ten (10) Business Days after Lender makes written demand therefor. (b) Borrowers shall pay to Lender all Funding Losses incurred from time to time by Lender upon demand. Lender shall deliver to Borrowers a statement for any such sums to which Lender is entitled to receive pursuant to this Section 2.9(b), which statement shall be binding and conclusive absent manifest error. Payment of Funding Losses hereunder shall be in addition to any obligation to pay a Prepayment Premium in circumstances where such Prepayment Premium would be due and owing. Section 2.10 Extension Options. Borrowers have the right to extend the term of the Loan for three additional terms of twelve (12) months each (each, an "Extension Term"), with the first additional term ("First Extension Term") having a maturity date that is the date that is the twelfth Payment Date following the Initial Maturity Date ("First Extended Maturity Date"), the second additional term ("Second Extension Term") having a maturity date that is the date that is the twelfth Payment Date following the First Extended Maturity Date ("Second Extended Maturity Date") and the third additional term ("Third Extension Term") having a maturity date that is the date that is the twelfth Payment Date following the Second Extended Maturity Date ("Third Extended Maturity Date"). Borrowers shall exercise the right to exercise any extension option under this Section 2.10 by giving Lender notice of such election at least ninety (90) days prior to (i) the Initial Maturity Date, in the case of exercising the option to extend the term of the Loan to the First Extended Maturity Date, (ii) the First Extended Maturity Date, in the case of exercising the option to extend the term of the Loan to the Second Extended Maturity Date and (ii) the Second Extended Maturity Date, in the case of the option to extend the term of the Loan to the Third Extended Maturity Date. Upon receipt of any such request by Borrowers to extend the term of the Loan, Lender will notify Borrowers whether or not the term of the Loan will be so extended, which extension shall be granted upon satisfaction of each of the following conditions in Lender's sole discretion: (a) No Event of Default exists as of the date of Borrowers' extension option election notice to Lender and as of the Initial Maturity Date, the First Extended Maturity Date or the Second Extended Maturity Date, as applicable, and the Borrowers deliver Lender Officer's Certificates confirming same; (b) No "Event of Default" (as such terms are defined in the Mezzanine Loan Agreement) by Mezzanine Borrower exists under the Mezzanine Loan Agreement, the Mezzanine Note or any of the other Mezzanine Loan Documents as of the date of Borrowers' extension option election notice to Lender and as of the Initial Maturity Date, the First Extended 34 Maturity Date or the Second Extended Maturity Date, as applicable, and the Borrowers deliver Lender Officer's Certificates confirming same; (c) On or prior to the Initial Maturity Date, the First Extended Maturity Date or the Second Extended Maturity Date, as applicable, Borrowers either (A) extends the term of the Initial Interest Rate Cap Agreement to a date not earlier than the First Extended Maturity Date, the Second Extended Maturity Date, or the Third Extended Maturity Date as applicable, or (B) obtain an Extension Interest Rate Cap Agreement for the applicable Extension Term with a LIBOR Rate strike price equal to the Strike Price and collaterally assigned such Extension Interest Rate Cap Agreement to Lender pursuant to an assignment of interest rate cap agreement in the same form as the Interest Rate Cap Assignment. If any of the foregoing conditions are not satisfied in Lender's sole discretion, Lender shall have no obligation to extend the term of the Loan. Upon Borrowers' exercise of its rights under this Section 2.10 and Lender's extension of the term of the Loan in connection therewith, the defined term "Maturity Date" shall be deemed to be the First Extended Maturity Date the Second Extended Maturity Date or the Third Extended Maturity Date, as applicable. Section 2.11 Central Cash Management (a) Collection Account. (i) Each applicable Borrower or Operating Lessee shall open and maintain at a Collection Account Bank a trust account (a "Collection Account" with respect to each Individual Property). (ii) Each of the Collection Accounts shall be assigned an identification number by the related Collection Account Bank and shall be opened and maintained in the name "Merrill Lynch Mortgage Lending, Inc. and Merrill Lynch Capital, a Division of Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services, Inc. as Mortgagee/Pledgee (as applicable) of the applicable Borrower or Operating Lessee." None of any Borrower, Operating Lessee or any Manager shall have any right of withdrawal from any Collection Account. Borrowers shall, on a twice-weekly basis, cause all Rents and all other items of Gross Revenue to be deposited or transferred directly into the related Collection Account. Without in any way limiting Borrowers' obligations pursuant to the preceding sentence, Borrowers, Operating Lessee and each Manager shall deposit or cause the transfer of directly into the relevant Collection Account all Rents, other items of Gross Revenue and all Credit Card Receivables received by any Borrower, Operating Lessee and each Manager in violation or contradiction of the preceding sentence within one (1) Business Day after receipt thereof. (iii) Any breach of this Section by any Borrower shall be an Event of Default. 35 (b) Cash Collateral Account. Pursuant to each Collection Account Agreement among each Collection Account Bank, the applicable Borrowers, Operating Lessee and Lender (the "Collection Account Agreement") Borrowers will authorize and direct each Collection Account Bank to transfer on a daily basis all funds deposited in the Collection Account for such Borrower's Individual Property to a cash collateral account that is an Eligible Account established by Lender in Lender's name (the "Cash Collateral Account"). Lender may elect to change the financial institution at which the Cash Collateral Account shall be maintained. Lender shall give Borrowers not less than thirty (30) days prior notice of each change. The Cash Collateral Account shall be under the sole dominion and control of Lender. No Borrower or Operating Lessee shall have any right of withdrawal in respect to the Cash Collateral Account. (c) Establishment of Sub-Accounts. The Cash Collateral Account shall contain a Debt Service Payment Sub-Account, a Basic Carrying Costs Sub-Account, a Capital Reserve Sub-Account, a PIP Reserve Sub-Account, a Cash Management Fee Sub-Account, a Ground Rents Sub-Account, a Hotel Operations Sub-Account and a Mezzanine Debt Service Payment Sub-Account, each of which accounts (individually, a "Sub-Account" and collectively, the "Sub-Accounts") shall be an Eligible Account to which certain funds shall be allocated and from which disbursements shall be made pursuant to the terms of this Loan Agreement. (d) Monthly Funding of Sub-Accounts. During each Interest Accrual Period and, except as provided below, during the term of the Loan commencing with the Interest Accrual Period in which the Closing Date occurs (each, the "Current Interest Accrual Period"), Lender shall allocate all funds then on deposit in the Cash Collateral Account among the Sub-Accounts as follows and in the following priority: (i) first, to the Ground Rents Sub-Account, until an amount equal to the Ground Rents Monthly Installment for the Current Interest Accrual Period has been allocated to the Ground Rents Sub-Account; (ii) second, to the Basic Carrying Costs Sub-Account, until an amount equal to the Basic Carrying Costs Monthly Installment for the Current Interest Accrual Period has been allocated to the Basic Carrying Costs Sub-Account; (iii) third, to the Debt Service Payment Sub-Account, until an amount equal to the Required Debt Service Payment for the Payment Date immediately after the Current Interest Accrual Period has been allocated to the Debt Service Payment Sub-Account; (iv) fourth, to the Capital Reserve Sub-Account, until an amount equal to the Capital Reserve Monthly Installment for the Current Interest Accrual Period has been allocated to the Capital Reserve Sub-Account (and, upon calculation of the Capital Reserve True-Up Amount, if the Capital Reserve True-Up Amount is a positive number, until an amount equal to the Capital Reserve True-Up Amount has been 36 allocated to the Capital Reserve Sub-Account; and if a negative number, the Capital Reserve True-Up Amount shall be credited to the Capital Reserve Monthly Installment becoming due until fully credited); (v) fifth, funds sufficient to pay the amounts then due Cash Collateral Account Bank shall be deposited in the Cash Management Fee Sub-Account; (vi) sixth, to the Hotel Operations Sub-Account, until an amount equal to the amount of operating expenses for such Interest Accrual Period as set forth on the Approved Budget has been allocated to the Hotel Operations Sub-Account (provided, however, that such amounts shall be deemed inclusive of any amounts disbursed in accordance with Section 2.11(f) below); (vii) seventh, for the benefit of the Mezzanine Borrower, to the Mezzanine Debt Service Payment Sub-Account, until an amount equal to the scheduled monthly interest payment portion of Mezzanine Debt Service for the Payment Date (as defined in the Mezzanine Loan Agreement) for the Current Interest Accrual Period (as defined in the Mezzanine Loan Agreement) has been allocated to the Mezzanine Debt Service Payment Sub-Account; (viii) eighth, to the Hotel Operations Sub-Account, until an amount equal to any Extra Funds approved pursuant to Section 2.11(f) has been allocated to such Sub-Account; (ix) ninth, during any Cash Trap Period, to an interest-bearing reserve account established by Lender (the "Cash Trap Reserve Account"), to be held by Lender as additional security for the Loan and, upon the occurrence of a Cash Trap Cure Event, Lender shall release all funds held in the Cash Trap Reserve Account to an account designated by the Borrowers. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that a Cash Trap Period shall exist for a period of six (6) consecutive months, Lender shall have the option in its sole and absolute discretion, to apply all funds held in the Cash Trap Reserve Account against the Loan, whether or not then due or accelerated; (x) tenth, funds sufficient to pay amounts equal to any Costs of Uncollectible Drafts then due to the Morgan Collection Account Bank shall be deposited with the Morgan Collection Account Bank; and (xi) eleventh, provided that (i) no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and no Cash Trap Period exists and (ii) Lender has received all financial information described in Section 5.1(Q) for the most recent periods for which the same are due, Lender agrees that in each Current Interest Accrual Period any amounts deposited into or remaining in the Cash Collateral Account after the minimum amounts set forth in clauses (i) through (x), inclusive, above, have been satisfied with respect to the Current Interest Accrual Period and any periods prior thereto shall be disbursed by Lender on a weekly basis, at Borrowers' expense, to (a) at any time while the Mezzanine 37 Loan is outstanding, the Mezzanine Deposit Account, and (b) at any time after the Mezzanine Loan has been repaid in full, to such account that Borrowers may request in writing. Lender and its agents shall not be responsible for monitoring Borrowers' use of any funds disbursed from the Cash Collateral Account or any of the Sub-Accounts. If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or a Cash Trap Period exists, any amounts deposited into or remaining in the Cash Collateral Account shall be for the account of Lender and may be withdrawn by Lender to be applied in any manner at any time to amounts owing under the Loan Documents as Lender may elect in Lender's discretion or maintained in the Cash Collateral Account as security for the Indebtedness. If an Event of Default has occurred and exists or if on any Payment Date the balance in any Sub-Account is insufficient to make the required payment due from such Sub-Account, Lender may, in its sole discretion, in addition to any other rights and remedies available hereunder, withdraw funds from any other Sub-Account to (a) pay such deficiency, or (b) apply to payment of the Indebtedness. If Lender elects to apply funds of any such Sub-Account to pay any Required Base Debt Service Payment, Borrowers shall, upon demand, repay to Lender the amount of such withdrawn funds to replenish such Sub-Account, and if Borrowers fail to repay such amounts within one five (5) days after notice of such withdrawal, an Event of Default shall exist hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, on the Closing Date Borrowers shall deposit (i) the Initial Basic Carrying Costs Amount into the Basic Carrying Costs Sub-Account, (ii) the Initial Ground Rents Amount into the Ground Rent Reserve Sub-Account, (iii) the Initial Capital Reserve Amount into the Capital Reserve Sub-Account, and (iv) the Initial PIP Amount into the PIP Reserve Sub-Account. (e) Payment of Basic Carrying Costs, Debt Service, Capital Improvement Costs, Cash Collateral Account Bank Fees, and Ground Rents. (i) Payment of Basic Carrying Costs. (x) At least five (5) Business Days prior to the due date of any Basic Carrying Cost payment, and not more frequently than once each Interest Accrual Period, Borrowers shall notify Lender in writing and request that Lender make such Basic Carrying Cost payment on behalf of the applicable Borrowers on or prior to the due date thereof. Together with each such request, Borrowers shall furnish Lender with copies of bills and other documentation as may be reasonably required by Lender to establish that such Basic Carrying Cost payment is then due. Lender shall be entitled to conclusively rely on all bills or other documentation received from any Borrower, in each case without independent investigation or verification. Lender shall make such payments out of the Basic Carrying Cost Sub-Account before the same shall be delinquent to the extent that there are funds available in the Basic Carrying Cost Sub-Account and Lender has received appropriate documentation to establish the amount(s) due and the due date(s) as and when provided above. (y) Except to the extent that Lender is obligated to pay Basic Carrying Costs from the Basic Carrying Costs Sub-Account pursuant to the terms of this Section, Borrowers shall pay all Basic Carrying Costs with respect to itself and the Individual Properties 38 in accordance with the provisions of the Mortgages. Borrowers' obligation to pay (or enable Lender to pay) Basic Carrying Costs pursuant to this Agreement shall include, to the extent permitted by applicable law, Impositions resulting from future changes in law which impose upon Lender or any Deed of Trust Trustee an obligation to pay any property taxes or other Impositions or which otherwise adversely affect Lender's or the Deed of Trust Trustee's interests. (In the event such a change in law prohibits any Borrower from assuming liability for payment of any such Imposition, the outstanding Indebtedness shall, at the option of Lender, become due and payable on the date that is one hundred twenty (120) days after such change in law; and failure to pay such amounts on the date due shall be an Event of Default.) If an Event of Default has occurred, the proceeds on deposit in the Basic Carrying Costs Sub-Account may be applied by Lender in any manner as Lender in its discretion may determine. (ii) Payment of Debt Service. At or before 12:00 noon, New York City time, on each Payment Date during the term of the Loan, Lender shall transfer to Lender's own account from the Debt Service Payment Sub-Account an amount equal to the Required Debt Service Payment for the applicable Payment Date. Borrowers shall be deemed to have timely made the Required Debt Service Payment pursuant to Section 2.8 regardless of the time Lender makes such transfer as long as sufficient funds are on deposit in the Debt Service Payment Sub-Account at 12:00 noon, New York City time on the applicable Payment Date. At all times after such Payment Date Lender may, at its option, transfer amounts in the Debt Service Payment Sub-Account to Lender's own account, provided that Borrowers shall receive credit against the Required Debt Service Payment in the amounts so transferred to Lender such that in any given Current Interest Accrual Period Borrowers shall not be required to deposit into the Debt Service Payment Sub-Account any amounts in excess of the aggregate amount of the Required Debt Service Payment for such Current Interest Accrual Period. (iii) Payment of Capital Improvement Costs. Not more frequently than once each Interest Accrual Period, and provided that no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Borrowers may notify Lender in writing and request that Lender release to a Borrower or its designee funds from the Capital Reserve Sub-Account, to the extent funds are available therein, for payment of Capital Improvement Costs. Together with each such request, Borrowers shall furnish Lender with copies of bills and other documentation as may be reasonably required by Lender to establish that such Capital Improvement Costs are reasonable (provided such Capital Improvement Costs shall be deemed reasonable if such Capital Improvement Costs are reflected in the Approved Budget), that the work relating thereto has been completed and that such amounts are then due or have been paid. Lender shall approve or disapprove such request, within ten (10) Business Days after Lender's receipt of such request, provided such request shall be deemed approved if no response is received from Lender within twenty (20) Business Days after Lender's receipt of such request and related documentation, and, if approved or deemed approved, Lender shall release the funds to each applicable Borrower or such Borrower's designee within ten (10) Business Days after Lender's approval. 39 (iv) PIP Costs. Not more frequently than twice each Interest Accrual Period, and provided that no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Borrowers may notify Lender in writing and request that Lender release to a Borrower or its designee funds from the PIP Reserve Sub-Account, to the extent funds are available therein, for payment of PIP Costs. Together with each such request, Borrowers shall furnish Lender with an Officer's Certificate certifying that such PIP Costs are reasonable, that the work relating thereto has been completed and that such amounts are then due or have been paid in accordance with the applicable Property Improvement Plan. Lender shall release the funds to each applicable Borrower or such Borrower's designee within ten (10) Business Days after Lender's receipt of such Officer's Certificate. (v) Payment of Cash Collateral Account Bank Fees. Not more frequently than once each Interest Accrual Period, Lender shall transfer to the Cash Collateral Account Bank an amount equal to the amount of the monthly fee payable to the Cash Collateral Account Bank under the Cash Collateral Account Agreement. (vi) Payment of Ground Rents. On or before each due date under each Ground Lease, from the amounts allocated to the Ground Rents Sub-Account, Lender shall pay to the ground lessor under each Ground Lease the Ground Rents pursuant to written instructions received from Borrower. Borrower shall provide Lender and the Cash Collateral Account Bank with written notice of any changes in any Ground Rents sixty (60) days prior to the effective date of such change. Borrower shall at all times ensure that (i) there are sufficient funds in the Ground Rents Sub-Account to pay all Ground Rents on time and (ii) that Lender and Cash Collateral Account Bank have received sufficient instructions and information (including, without limitation, the address to which payments are to be sent, the amount of payments and the manner in which payments are to be sent) to ensure timely payment of all Ground Rents in strict compliance with the terms of each Ground Lease. If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the proceeds on deposit in the Ground rents Sub-Account may be applied to Lender in any manner as Lender in its sole discretion may determine. (f) Payment of Certified Hotel Operating Expenses. (i) Provided that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, and provided that all amounts required to be deposited into the Sub-Accounts set forth in Sections 2.11(d)(i) through (vii) (or on a Payment Date, provided that all amounts required to be deposited set forth in Sections 2.1(d)(i) through (vi)) for the Current Interest Accrual Period have been deposited therein, Lender shall transfer within two Business Days thereafter at Borrowers' sole cost and expense, to an account designated by the Borrowers, all amounts contained in the Hotel Operating Sub-Accounts up to an amount equal to the amount set forth in the Approved Budget for such Interest Accrual Period provided, however, that the aggregate withdrawals from the Hotel Operating Sub-Account pursuant to this Section 2.11(f)(i) for any Interest Accrual Period 40 shall not exceed the amount set forth in the Approved Budget for such Interest Accrual Period (except to the extent set forth in subsection (ii), below). (ii) Provided that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, if in a given Interest Accrual Period, Borrowers require amounts in excess of the amounts set forth in the Approved Budget for such Interest Accrual Period for Hotel Operating Expenses ("Extra Funds"), Borrowers may deliver a written request to Lender to allocate an amount equal to Extra Funds to the Hotel Operating Expense Sub-Account as set forth in Section 2.11(d)(viii) and for a disbursement of Extra Funds stating (1) the amount of such Extra Funds and (2) the purpose for which such amount is intended with attachments of copies of bills and other documentation as may be required by Lender to establish that such Operating Expenses are reasonable and that such amounts are then due or expected to become due in that month. Lender shall approve or disapprove such request, within ten (10) Business Days after Lender's receipt of such request and related documentation, provided such request shall be deemed approved if no response is received from Lender within ten (10) Business Days after Lender's receipt of such request and related documentation, and, if approved or deemed approved, Lender shall release the funds to each applicable Borrower or such Borrower's designee within five (5) Business Days after Lender's approval. (g) Payment of Mezzanine Debt Service. At or before 12:00 noon, New York City time, on each Payment Date during the term of the Loan, Lender shall transfer to Mezzanine Lender's account from the Mezzanine Debt Service Payment Sub-Account an amount equal to the Mezzanine Debt Service for the applicable Payment Date. (h) Permitted Investments. Upon the written request of Borrowers, which request may be made once per Interest Accrual Period, Lender shall direct the Cash Collateral Account Bank to invest and reinvest any balance in the Cash Collateral Account from time to time in Permitted Investments as instructed by Borrowers; provided, however, that: (i) if Borrowers fail to so instruct Lender, or if a Default or an Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing, Lender shall direct the Cash Collateral Account Bank to invest and reinvest such balance in Permitted Investments as Lender shall determine in Lender's discretion; (ii) the maturities of the Permitted Investments on deposit in the Cash Collateral Account shall, to the extent such dates are ascertainable, be selected and coordinated to become due not later than the day before any disbursements from the Sub-Accounts must be made; (iii) all such Permitted Investments shall be held in the name and be under the sole dominion and control of Lender; (iv) no Permitted Investment shall be made unless Lender shall retain a first priority perfected Lien in such Permitted Investment and all filings and other actions necessary to ensure the validity, perfection, and priority of such Lien have been taken; (v) Lender shall only be required to follow the written investment instructions which were most recently received by Lender and Borrowers shall be bound by such last received investment instructions; and (vi) any request from Borrowers containing investment instructions shall contain an Officer's Certificate from Borrowers (which may be conclusively relied upon by Lender and its agents) that any such investments constitute Permitted Investments. It is the intention of the parties hereto that all 41 amounts deposited in the Cash Collateral Account shall at all times be invested in Permitted Investments. All funds in the Cash Collateral Account that are invested in a Permitted Investment are deemed to be held in such Cash Collateral Account for all purposes of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents. Lender shall have no liability for any loss in investments of funds in the Cash Collateral Account that are invested in Permitted Investments (unless invested contrary to Borrowers' request other than after the occurrence of a Default or an Event of Default) and no such loss shall affect Borrowers' obligation to fund, or liability for funding, the Cash Collateral Account and each Sub-Account, as the case may be. Borrowers and Lender agree that Borrowers shall include all such earnings and losses (other than those for Lender's account in accordance with the immediately preceding sentence) on the Cash Collateral Account as income of the applicable Borrowers for federal and applicable state tax purposes. Borrowers shall be responsible for any and all fees, costs and expenses with respect to Permitted Investments. (i) Interest on Accounts. All interest paid or other earnings on the Permitted Investments made hereunder shall be income of the applicable Borrower and applied in the manner and priority set forth in Section 2.11(d) hereof. (j) Termination of Central Cash Management. The obligations of Borrowers under Section 2.11 and Section 2.12 to maintain and fund the Collection Accounts and the Cash Collateral Account shall terminate in their entirety and be of no further force or effect upon the satisfaction of each of the following conditions: (i) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing; (ii) the release of all Mortgages by Lender in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents; and (iii) Borrowers' receipt of Lender's written acknowledgment that the conditions described in (i) and (ii) above have been satisfied to Lender's satisfaction. (k) Cash Trap Event Collateral. In the event that a Cash Trap Event shall occur, the Borrowers shall have the right to post, as additional security for the Loan, an irrevocable, unconditional letter of credit (payable on sight draft) in an amount sufficient to cause a Cash Trap Cure Event to occur ("Letter of Credit"), naming Lender as the sole beneficiary thereof. Any Letter of Credit shall: (a) be perpetual or for a term of one year with automatic renewals unless Lender receives written notice of non-renewal from the issuing financial institution at least sixty (60) days prior to the expiration of the then current Letter of Credit; (b) be issued by a domestic financial institution that is not an Affiliate of the Borrowers and that has a long-term senior debt rating by S&P of not less than "AA" or such other credit rating as is acceptable to Lender; (c) permit full or partial draws without condition or charge to the beneficiary of the Letter of Credit; (d) be freely transferable by the beneficiary of the Letter of Credit (and each successor as beneficiary) without restriction or charge and (e) otherwise in a form (1) prior to the date that all or any portion of the Loan is included in a REMIC, reasonably acceptable to Lender, and (2) after the date that all or any portion of the Loan is included in a REMIC, that would be reasonably acceptable to a prudent lender originating commercial mortgage loans for securitization similar to the Loan in the State where the Individual Properties are located. The Borrowers shall cause any Letter of Credit to remain valid and effective at all 42 times prior to the date that the Debt Service Coverage Ratio (calculated as of the last day of a calendar month), projected reasonably and in good faith by Lender (a) for the subsequent twelve (12) calendar months, and (b) calculated as if (1) the LIBOR Interest Rate for each Note for such period was equal to the LIBOR Interest Rate for each Note applicable to the immediately preceding Interest Accrual Period, and (2) the LIBOR Interest Rate (as defined in the Mezzanine Loan Agreement) for the Mezzanine Loan for such period was equal to the LIBOR Interest Rate (as defined in the Mezzanine Loan Agreement) for the Mezzanine Loan applicable to the immediately preceding Interest Accrual Period (as defined in the Mezzanine Loan Agreement), shall equal or exceed 1.40 for a period of three (3) consecutive months unless and to the extent such Letter of Credit is drawn upon by Lender and paid in the amount of such draw. Lender shall have the right to draw in full or in part upon the Letter of Credit: (i) upon the occurrence of and during the continuance of an Event of Default; (ii) if Lender has not received, at least thirty (30) days prior to the date on which the then outstanding Letter of Credit is scheduled to expire, a renewal or replacement Letter of Credit that satisfies all requirements of this Section 2.11(k); or (iii) if Lender has not received within ten (10) business days of Lender's notice to the Borrowers that the financial institution issuing the Letter of Credit ceases to meet the rating requirement set forth in this Section 2.11(k) a replacement Letter of Credit that satisfies all requirements of this Section 2.11(k). Lender shall be entitled to charge the Borrowers a reasonable processing fee for administering and reviewing any renewal, replacement or release of the Letter of Credit which the Borrowers are required to provide pursuant to this Agreement. Lender shall return any Letter of Credit posted by the Borrowers pursuant to the terms of this Section 2.11(k) promptly following the date when such Letter of Credit is no longer required to remain valid and effective pursuant to the terms of this Section and will cooperate in obtaining its cancellation. Section 2.12. Security Agreement (a) Pledge of Accounts. To secure the full and punctual payment and performance of all of the Indebtedness, each Borrower hereby sells, assigns, conveys, pledges and transfers to Lender and grants to Lender a first priority and continuing Lien on and security interest in and to its Account Collateral. (b) Covenants. Each Borrower covenants that (i) all Rents and all other items of Gross Revenue shall be deposited or transferred into the relevant Collection Account, in accordance with Section 2.11(a), and (ii) so long as any portion of the Indebtedness is outstanding, no Borrower shall open (nor permit any Manager or any Person to open) any other account for the collection of any Rents or any other items of Gross Revenue, other than (A) a replacement Collection Account approved by Lender in Lender's discretion, and (B) any account held by Borrower in the locality where the applicable Individual Property is located for the purposes of the collection of any Rents or any other items of Gross Revenue prior to the time such Rents or items of Gross Revenue are deposited in the Collection Account pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. 43 (c) Instructions and Agreements. On or before the Closing Date, each applicable Borrower or Operating Lessee will submit to the Collection Account Bank for each related Individual Property a Collection Account Agreement to be executed by the Collection Account Bank. On or before the Closing Date, Borrowers, Operating Lessee and the Cash Collateral Account Bank will execute and deliver a Cash Collateral Account Agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Lender in Lender's discretion (the "Cash Collateral Account Agreement"). Each Borrower and Operating Lessee agrees that prior to the payment in full of the Indebtedness, the Cash Collateral Account Agreement shall be irrevocable by any Borrower or Operating Lessee without the prior written consent of Lender. (d) Financing Statements; Further Assurances. Each Borrower hereby authorizes Lender to file a financing statement or statements in connection with the Account Collateral in the form required to properly perfect Lender's security interest in the Account Collateral to the extent that it may be perfected by such a filing. Each Borrower agrees that at any time and from time to time, at the expense of Borrowers, such Borrower shall promptly execute and deliver all further instruments, and take all further action, that Lender may reasonably request, in order to perfect and protect the pledge, security interest and Lien granted or purported to be granted hereby, or to enable Lender to exercise and enforce Lender's rights and remedies hereunder with respect to, the Account Collateral. (e) Transfers and Other Liens. Each Borrower agrees that it will not sell or otherwise dispose of any of the Account Collateral other than pursuant to the terms hereof and of the other Loan Documents, or create or permit to exist any Lien upon or with respect to all or any of the Account Collateral, except for the Liens granted to Lender under this Agreement. (f) Lender's Reasonable Care. Beyond the exercise of reasonable care in the custody thereof, Lender shall not have any duty as to any Account Collateral or any income thereon in Lender's possession or control or in the possession or control of any agents for, or of Lender, or the preservation of rights against any Person or otherwise with respect thereto. Lender shall be deemed to have exercised reasonable care in the custody of the Account Collateral in Lender's possession if the Account Collateral is accorded treatment substantially equal to that which Lender accords Lender's own property, it being understood that Lender shall not be liable or responsible for (i) any loss or damage to any of the Account Collateral, or for any diminution in value thereof from a loss of, or delay in Lender's acknowledging receipt of, any wire transfer from the Collection Account Bank or (ii) any loss, damage or diminution in value by reason of the act or omission of Lender, or Lender's agents, employees or bailees, except for any loss, damage or diminution in value resulting from the gross negligence, fraud or willful misconduct of Lender, its agents or employees. (g) Lender Appointed Attorney-In-Fact. Each Borrower hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints Lender as such Borrower's true and lawful attorney-in-fact, with full power of substitution, at any time after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default to execute, acknowledge and deliver any instruments and to exercise and enforce every right, power, remedy, option and privilege of such Borrower with respect to the 44 Account Collateral, and do in the name, place and stead of such Borrower, all such acts, things and deeds for and on behalf of and in the name of such Borrower with respect to the Account Collateral, which such Borrower could or might do or which Lender may deem necessary or desirable to more fully vest in Lender the rights and remedies provided for herein with respect to the Account Collateral and to accomplish the purposes of this Agreement. The foregoing powers of attorney are irrevocable and coupled with an interest. (h) Continuing Security Interest; Termination. This Section shall create a continuing pledge of, Lien on and security interest in the Account Collateral and shall remain in full force and effect until payment in full of the Indebtedness. Upon payment in full of the Indebtedness, each applicable Borrower shall be entitled to the return, upon such Borrower's written request and at Borrowers' expense, of such of the Account Collateral as shall not have been sold or otherwise applied pursuant to the terms hereof, and Lender shall execute such instruments and documents as may be reasonably requested by such Borrower in writing to evidence such termination and the release of the pledge and Lien hereof, provided, however, that such Borrower shall pay on demand all of Lender's expenses in connection therewith. Section 2.13. Secondary Market Transactions (a) Each Borrower hereby acknowledges that Lender may in one or more transactions (i) sell or securitize the Loan or portions thereof in one or more transactions through the issuance of securities, which securities may be rated by one or more of the Rating Agencies, (ii) sell or otherwise transfer the Loan or any portion thereof one or more times, (iii) sell participation interests (including without limitation, senior and subordinate participation interests) in the Loan one or more times, (iv) re-securitize the securities issued in connection with any securitization, or (v) further divide the Loan into more separate notes or components or change the principal balances (but not increase the aggregate principal balance) or interest rates of the Notes (including, without limitation, senior and subordinate notes or components) (the transactions referred to in clauses (i) through (v), each a "Secondary Market Transaction" and collectively "Secondary Market Transactions"). (b) With respect to any Secondary Market Transaction described in Section 2.13(a)(v) above, such notes or note components may be assigned different interest rates, so long as, at such time the weighted average of the relevant interest rates equals the LIBOR Interest Rate for Note A-1, Note A-2, Note A-3 and Note B; provided, that after an Event of Default each Borrower recognizes that, in the case of prepayments, the weighted average interest rate of the Loan may increase because Lender shall have the right to apply principal payments to one or more notes or components with lower rates of interest before applying principal payments to one or more notes or components with higher rates of interest and provided, further, that the aggregate principal balance of the Notes shall not change. Lender shall have the same rights to sell or otherwise transfer, participate or securitize one or more of the divided, amended, modified or otherwise changed notes or components, individually or collectively, as Lender has with respect to the Loan. 45 (c) Each Borrower agrees that it shall cooperate with Lender and use such Borrower's commercially reasonably efforts to facilitate the consummation of each Secondary Market Transaction including, without limitation, by: (i) amending or causing the amendment of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, and executing such additional documents, instruments and agreements including amendments to such Borrower's organizational documents and preparing financial statements as requested by the Rating Agencies to conform the terms of the Loan to the terms of similar loans underlying completed or pending secondary market transactions having or seeking ratings similar to those then being sought in connection with the relevant Secondary Market Transaction; (ii) promptly and reasonably providing such information (including, without limitation, financial information) as may be requested in connection with the preparation of a private placement memorandum, prospectus or a registration statement required to privately place or publicly distribute the securities in a manner which does not conflict with federal or state securities laws; (iii) providing in connection with each of (A) a preliminary and a final private placement memorandum or other offering documents or (B) a preliminary and final prospectus, as applicable, an indemnification certificate (x) certifying that such Borrower has carefully examined such private placement memorandum, prospectus, registration statement or other offering document, as applicable, including, without limitation, the sections entitled "Special Considerations," "Description of the Mortgage Loan," "The Underlying Mortgaged Property," "The Manager," "Borrower" and "Certain Legal Aspects of the Mortgage Loan," and such sections (and any other sections requested) insofar as they relate to a Borrower, its Affiliates, the Loan or any Individual Property does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that such Borrower shall not be required to indemnify Lender for any losses relating to untrue statements or omissions which such Borrower identified to Lender in writing at the time of such Borrower's examination of such memorandum or prospectus, as applicable, and (y) indemnifying (i) Lender and each of its affiliates and their respective successors and assigns (including their respective officers, directors, partners, employees, attorneys, accountants, professionals and agents and each other person, if any, controlling Lender or any of its affiliates within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), or Section 20 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") (each, including Lender, an "Indemnified Party") and the (ii) party that has filed the registration statement relating to the Secondary Market Transaction (the "Registration Statement"), each of its directors and officers who have signed the Registration Statement and each Person that controls such Party within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act (collective, the "Underwriter Group"), for any losses, claims, damages, costs, expenses or liabilities (including, without limitation, all liabilities under all applicable federal and state securities laws) (collectively, the "Liabilities") to which any of them may become subject (a) insofar as the Liabilities arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact relating to any Borrower, its Affiliates, the Loan, any Individual Property, any Manager, the Mezzanine Borrower, the Mezzanine Loan and the Operating Lessee contained in such sections or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated in such sections or necessary in order to make the statements 46 in such sections, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading or (b) as a result of any untrue statement of material fact in any of the financial statements of any Borrower incorporated into any placement memorandum, prospectus, registration statement or other document connected with the issuance of securities or the failure to include in such financial statements or in any placement memorandum, prospectus, registration statement or other document connected with the issuance of securities any material fact relating to any Borrower, its Affiliates, any Individual Property, the Loan, any Manager, the Mezzanine Borrower, the Mezzanine Loan and the Operating Lessee necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and (z) agreeing to reimburse the Indemnified Party and the Underwriter Group for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Indemnified Party and the Underwriter Group in connection with investigating or defending the Liabilities; (iv) causing to be rendered such customary opinion letters as shall be requested by the Rating Agencies for other secondary market or transactions having or seeking ratings comparable to that then being sought for the relevant Secondary Market Transaction; (v) making such representations, warranties and covenants, as may be reasonably requested by the Rating Agencies and comparable to those required in other secondary market transactions having or seeking the same rating as is then being sought for the Secondary Market Transaction; (vi) providing such information regarding the Collateral as may be reasonably requested by the Rating Agencies or otherwise required in connection with the formation of a REMIC; and (vii) providing any other information and materials required in the Secondary Market Transaction. (d) Each Borrower agrees to participate and cooperate in any meetings with the Rating Agencies or Investors, and providing any other information and materials reasonably required in the Secondary Market Transaction to make the certificates offered in such Secondary Market Transaction saleable in the secondary market and to obtain ratings from two or more rating agencies. (e) Each Borrower acknowledges and agrees that the Lender may, at any time on or after the Closing Date, assign its duties, rights or obligations hereunder or under any Loan Document in whole, or in part, to a servicer and/or a trustee in Lender's discretion. Nothing herein shall in any way limit Lender's right to sell all or a portion of the Loan in a transaction which is not a Secondary Market Transaction. (f) Lender shall reimburse the Borrowers for all reasonable out-of-pocket costs incurred by the Borrowers in connection with complying with their obligations set forth in this Section 2.13; provided, however, that the Borrowers shall remain responsible for all of Borrower's reasonable and customary legal and accounting fees not to exceed $10,000 and all indemnity and related obligations incurred by the Borrowers or its Affiliates. (g) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein or in any other Loan Document, Lender reserves the right to increase, decrease, or otherwise re-allocate the outstanding principal balances of any and all of Note A-1, Note A-2, Note A-3, Note B and the Mezzanine Note, and each Borrower and Operating Lessee covenants and agrees to 47 execute amendments to the Notes, this Agreement, and the other Loan Documents, the Mezzanine Loan Documents and the Borrowers' or Operating Lessee's organizational documents reasonably requested by Lender or Mezzanine Lender in connection with any such re-allocation, provided that such modification shall not (a) increase the aggregate outstanding principal balance of Note A-1, Note A-2, Note A-3, Note B and the Mezzanine Note, (b) increase the weighted average interest rate of the Loan and the Mezzanine Loan existing on the date of such modification, (c) change the stated maturity date of the Loan as set forth herein, or (d) modify or amend any other economic or other term of the Loan. Section 2.14. Interest Rate Cap Agreement (a) On the Closing Date, Borrowers shall obtain, and thereafter maintain in effect, the Initial Interest Rate Cap Agreement, which shall be coterminous with the Initial Maturity Date and have a notional amount equal to the Loan Amount. The Initial Interest Rate Cap Agreement shall have a LIBOR strike rate equal to or less than the Strike Rate. (b) If Borrowers exercise any option to extend the term of the Loan pursuant to Section 2.10, then on or prior to the commencement of the applicable Extension Term, Borrowers shall obtain an Extension Interest Rate Cap Agreement having (x) a term coterminous with such Extension Term, (y) a notional amount at least equal to the Principal Indebtedness as of the first day of such Extension Term, and (z) a LIBOR strike rate equal to or less than the Strike Rate. (c) Each Borrower shall collaterally assign to Lender pursuant to the Rate Cap Pledge and Security Agreement all of its right, title and interest in any and all payments under each Interest Rate Cap Agreement and shall deliver to Lender an executed counterpart of such Rate Cap Pledge and Security Agreement and obtain the consent of the Acceptable Counterparty to such collateral assignment (as evidenced by the Acceptable Counterparty's execution of a separate acknowledgment to such Rate Cap Pledge and Security Agreement). (d) Each Borrower shall comply with all of its obligations under the terms and provisions of each Interest Rate Cap Agreement. All amounts paid under an Interest Rate Cap Agreement shall be deposited directly into the Cash Collateral Account. Each Borrower shall take all actions reasonably requested by Lender to enforce Lender's rights under the Rate Cap Pledge and Security Agreement in the event of a default by the counterparty thereunder and shall not waive, amend or otherwise modify any of its rights thereunder without Lender's reasonable consent (which consent may be conditioned on receipt of a Rating Agency Confirmation). Section 2.15. Partial Release. Provided that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing under any of the Loan Documents, at any time after October 1, 2005, each Borrower, may obtain the release of such Individual Property (a "Partial Release") from the lien of the applicable Mortgage (and other Loan Documents ) and the release of such Borrower's and Operating Lessee's ongoing obligations under the Notes and other Loan Documents with respect 48 to such Individual Property (other than those expressly stated to survive), so long as all of the following conditions shall have been satisfied: (a) the applicable Borrower shall have provided Lender with no less than thirty (30) days, but no more than ninety (90) days, prior written notice of its request to obtain a release of the applicable Individual Property; (b) Lender shall have received a prepayment of the Loan in an amount equal to the greater of (a) in the event that the Partial Release will result in an aggregate prepayment of forty four million forty seven thousand six hundred twenty dollars ($44,047,620) or less, 100% of the Allocated Loan Amount of the Individual Property sold or (b) in the event that the Partial Release will result in an aggregate prepayment of greater than forty four million forty seven thousand six hundred twenty dollars ($44,047,620), 115% of the Allocated Loan Amount for the Individual Property sold (either (a), or (b), the "Release Price"), which prepayment shall be accompanied by (i) all accrued and unpaid interest allocable to the portion of the Principal Indebtedness being prepaid as of the date of such prepayment, (ii) if such prepayment is not made on a Payment Date, the interest which would have accrued thereon to the next monthly Payment Date with respect to the amount prepaid, (iii) the applicable Prepayment Premium on the Principal Indebtedness being prepaid pursuant to such Partial Release, if any, and (iv) any and all other sums due under the Loan Documents in connection with a partial prepayment of the Loan; (c) Mezzanine Lender shall have received a prepayment of the Mezzanine Loan simultaneously with the prepayment described in the immediately preceding subsection (b) equal to the Mezzanine Release Price for the Individual Property; (d) the applicable Borrower shall have submitted to Lender, not less than ten (10) Business Days prior to the date of such Partial Release, all necessary and appropriate documentation concerning the release of the lien of the applicable Mortgage (and other Loan Documents) for such Individual Property and the applicable Borrower and Operating Lessee, for execution by Lender. Such release documentation shall be in a form appropriate in the State in which such Individual Property is located and shall contain standard provisions, if any, protecting the rights of Lender. In addition, the applicable Borrower shall provide any and all other documentation (1) that prior to the date that all or any portion of the Loan is included in a REMIC, is reasonably acceptable to Lender, and (2) that after the date that all or any portion of the Loan is included in a REMIC, would be reasonably acceptable to a prudent lender originating commercial mortgage loans for securitization similar to the Loan in the State where the applicable Individual Property is located, to be delivered by such Borrower in connection with such Partial Release, together with an officer's certificate certifying that (i) such documentation is in compliance with all Legal Requirements in all material respects, and (ii) the Partial Release will not impair or otherwise adversely affect the lien, security interest and other rights of Lender under the Loan Documents (except with regard to the release of the applicable Borrower, Operating Lessee and the lien on the applicable Individual Property); 49 (e) the Borrowers shall execute (i) amendments to the Loan Documents to the extent necessary (as determined (1) prior the date that all or any portion of the Loan is included in a REMIC, by Lender, and (2) after the date that all or any portion of the Loan is included in a REMIC, as would be reasonably required by a prudent lender originating commercial mortgage loans for securitization similar to the Loan in the State where the applicable Individual Property is located) and shall agree to corresponding adjustments of the reserves and escrow accounts with respect to the remaining Individual Properties as would be reasonably acceptable to a prudent lender originating commercial mortgage loans for securitization similar to the Loan in the State where the applicable Individual Property is located (with all excess reserve and escrow amounts applicable to the Individual Properties subject to such Partial Release to be released to the applicable Borrower promptly upon the consummation of such Partial Release), and (ii) amendments to the Operating Lease or any other document related to the Release Property to the extent necessary (as would be reasonably acceptable to a prudent lender originating commercial mortgage loans for securitization similar to the Loan in the State where the applicable Individual Property is located) to ensure that (y) such Operating Lease or other document shall not continue to govern or relate to the Individual Property that is to be released and any other Individual Property which shall act as collateral for the Loan from and after the date of the Partial Release and (z) the Operating Lessee will not be the tenant of such Individual Property following the release of such Individual Property from the Lien of the related Mortgage; (f) After giving effect to the Partial Release and the partial prepayment of the Loan, the Debt Service Coverage Ratio based upon the remaining Individual Properties projected reasonably and in good faith by Lender (a) for the subsequent twelve (12) calendar months, and (b) calculated as if (1) the LIBOR Interest Rate for each Note for such period was equal to the LIBOR Interest Rate for each Note applicable to the immediately preceding Interest Accrual Period, and (2) the LIBOR Interest Rate (as defined in the Mezzanine Loan Agreement) for the Mezzanine Loan for such period was equal to the LIBOR Interest Rate (as defined in the Mezzanine Loan Agreement) for the Mezzanine Loan applicable to the immediately preceding Interest Accrual Period (as defined in the Mezzanine Loan Agreement) shall be equal to or greater than (i) the Debt Service Coverage Ratio based upon the Individual Properties serving as collateral for the Loan immediately prior to the consummation of the Partial Release for the same subsequent twelve (12) month period projected by Lender, and (ii) the Debt Service Coverage Ratio as of the Closing Date; (g) Intentionally Omitted; (h) Lender shall have received reimbursement in full of all of Lender's fees, costs and expenses, including without limitation, reasonable legal counsel fees and disbursements incurred in connection with the Partial Release, and the review and approval of all documents and information required to be delivered in connection therewith; and (i) Borrower shall have distributed to Mezzanine Borrower and Mezzanine Borrower shall have paid any amounts required to be paid under the Mezzanine Loan 50 Agreement to Mezzanine Lender in connection with the release of the Individual Property and shall have satisfied all conditions for the release of such Individual Property set forth in the Mezzanine Loan Documents. ARTICLE 3 CONDITIONS PRECEDENT Section 3.1. Conditions Precedent to the Making of the Loan (a) As a condition precedent to the making of the Loan, each Borrower shall have satisfied the following conditions (unless waived by Lender in accordance with Section 8.4) on or before the Closing Date: (A) Loan Documents. (i) Loan Agreement. Each Borrower shall have executed and delivered this Agreement to Lender. (ii) Notes. Each Borrower shall have executed and delivered to Lender the Notes. (iii) Mortgage. Each applicable Borrower shall have executed and delivered to Lender the Mortgages and the Mortgages shall have been irrevocably delivered to an authorized title agent for the Title Insurer for recordation in the appropriate filing offices in the jurisdiction in which the applicable Individual Properties are located. (iv) Supplemental Mortgage Affidavits. The Liens to be created by each Mortgage are intended to encumber the applicable Individual Property described therein to the full extent of each Borrower's obligations under the Loan Documents. As of the Closing Date, each Borrower shall have paid all state, county and municipal recording and all other taxes imposed upon the execution and recordation of the Mortgages. (v) Assignment of Leases. Each applicable Borrower and each applicable Operating Lessee shall have executed and delivered to Lender the Assignments of Leases, and the Assignments of Leases shall have been irrevocably delivered to an authorized title agent for the Title Insurer for such recordation in the appropriate filing offices in the jurisdiction in which the applicable Individual Property is located. (vi) Assignment of Agreements. Each applicable Borrower shall have executed and delivered to Lender the Assignments of Agreements, and the Assignments of Agreements shall, to the extent prudent pursuant to local practice, 51 have been irrevocably delivered to an authorized title agent for the Title Insurer for such recordation in the appropriate filing offices in the jurisdiction in which the applicable Individual Property is located. (vii) Financing Statements. Each applicable Borrower and its partners or members (and their shareholders), as applicable, shall have authorized Lender to file all financing statements required by Lender and such financing statements shall have been irrevocably delivered to an authorized title agent for the Title Insurer for such recordation in the appropriate filing offices in each of the appropriate jurisdictions. (viii) Manager's Subordination. Each Manager and each applicable Borrower shall have executed and delivered to Lender the Manager's Subordinations. (ix) Franchisor Subordinations. The Borrowers shall have delivered to Lender (1) certified copies of each Franchise Agreement and (2) the Franchisor's Subordinations. (x) Subordination, Attornment and Security Agreement. Operating Lessee and each applicable Borrower shall have executed and delivered to Lender (1) a certified copy of each Operating Lease, and (2) each applicable Subordination, Attornment and Security Agreement. (xi) REA Estoppels. Borrower shall have delivered to Lender an executed REA estoppel letter, which shall be in form and substance satisfactory to Lender, from each party to any REA required by Lender with respect to any Individual Property. (xii) Environmental Guaranty. Each Borrower shall have executed and delivered to Lender the Environmental Guaranty. (xiii) Collection Account Agreement. Each applicable Borrower, the Operating Lessee, each Manager and the relevant Collection Account Banks shall have executed and delivered the Collection Account Agreements and shall have delivered an executed copy of such Agreement to Lender. (xiv) Cash Collateral Account Agreement. Each Borrower, the Operating Lessee, each Manager and Cash Collateral Account Bank shall have executed and delivered the Cash Collateral Account Agreement and shall have delivered an executed copy of such Cash Collateral Account Agreement to Lender. (B) Opinions of Counsel. Lender shall have received from counsel satisfactory to Lender, legal opinions in form and substance satisfactory to Lender in Lender's discretion (including, without limitation, a bankruptcy opinion). All such legal opinions will be addressed to Lender and the Rating Agencies, dated as of the Closing Date, and 52 in form and substance satisfactory to Lender, the Rating Agencies and their counsel. Each applicable Borrower hereby instructs any of the foregoing counsel, to the extent that such counsel represents such Borrower, to deliver to Lender such opinions addressed to Lender and the Rating Agencies. (C) Secretary's Certificates and SPE Equity Owner's Certificate. Lender shall have received a Secretary's Certificate acceptable to Lender with respect to each applicable Borrower's managing equity owner and each Remington Manager and each applicable SPE Equity Owner's Certificate with respect to the applicable Borrower. (D) Insurance. Lender shall have received certificates of insurance demonstrating insurance coverage in respect of each Individual Property as required by and in accordance with the Mortgages. (E) Lien Search Reports. Lender shall have received satisfactory reports of UCC (collectively, the "UCC Searches"), federal tax lien, bankruptcy, state tax lien, judgment and pending litigation searches conducted by a search firm reasonably acceptable to Lender. Such searches shall have been received in relation to each Borrower and each equity owner in each Borrower, the Operating Lessee and each Manager. Such searches shall have been conducted in each of the locations designated by Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion and shall have been dated not more than fifteen (15) days prior to the Closing Date. (F) Title Insurance Policy. Lender shall have received (i) a Title Insurance Policy for each Individual Property or a marked-up commitment (in form and substance satisfactory to Lender) from Title Insurer to issue a Title Insurance Policy for each Individual Property and (ii) a fully executed copy of the Title Instruction Letter from the Title Insurer. (G) Environmental Matters. Lender shall have received an Environmental Report with respect to each Individual Property. (H) Consents, Licenses, Approvals. Lender shall have received copies of all consents, licenses and approvals, if any, required in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by each Borrower under, and the validity and enforceability of, the Loan Documents, and such consents, licenses and approvals shall be in full force and effect. (I) Additional Matters. Lender shall have received such other Permits, certificates (including certificates of occupancy reflecting the permitted uses of the Individual Properties as of the Closing Date), opinions, documents and instruments (including, without limitation, written proof from the appropriate Governmental Authority regarding the zoning of each Individual Property in form and substance satisfactory to Lender in Lender's discretion) relating to the Loan as may be required by Lender and all other documents and all legal matters in connection with the Loan shall be satisfactory in form and substance to Lender. Each Borrower shall provide Lender with information reasonably satisfactory to Lender regarding Basic Carrying Costs on or before the Closing Date. 53 (J) Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties herein and in the other Loan Documents shall be true and correct in all material respects. (K) No Injunction. No law or regulation shall have been adopted, no order, judgment or decree of any Governmental Authority shall have been issued or entered, and no litigation shall be pending or threatened, which in the judgment of Lender would have a Material Adverse Effect. (L) Survey. Lender shall have received a Survey for each Individual Property. (M) Engineering Report. Lender shall have received an Engineering Report for each Individual Property. (N) Appraisal. Lender shall have received an Appraisal satisfactory to Lender with respect to each Individual Property which shall be (i) prepared by an Appraiser approved by Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion, (ii) prepared based on a scope of work determined by Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion and (iii) in form and content acceptable to Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion. (O) Security Deposits. Borrowers shall be in compliance with all applicable Legal Requirements relating to all security deposits held for any Leases. (P) Service Contracts and Permits. Borrowers shall have delivered to Lender true, correct and complete copies of all material contracts and Permits relating to each Individual Property. (Q) Site Inspection. Unless waived by Lender in accordance with Section 8.4, Lender shall have performed, or caused to be performed on its behalf, an on-site due diligence review of each Individual Property to be acquired or refinanced with the Loan, the results of which shall be satisfactory to Lender in Lender's discretion. (R) Use. Each Individual Property shall be operating and operated only as a hotel of the same class and in a similar manner as each such Individual Property is operated on the Closing Date. (S) Financial Information. Lender shall have received all financial information (which financial information shall be satisfactory to Lender in Lender's discretion) relating to each Individual Property including, without limitation, audited financial statements of each Borrower and Operating Lessee for the calendar year ending December 31, 2003 and other financial reports requested by Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion. Such financial information shall be (i) prepared by an accounting firm approved by Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion, (ii) prepared based on a scope of work determined by Lender in Lender's 54 reasonable discretion and (iii) in form and content acceptable to Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion. (T) Management Agreement. Lender shall have received the Management Agreement. (U) Leases; Tenant Estoppels; Subordination, Nondisturbance and Attornment Agreements. With respect to each Individual Property, Borrowers shall have delivered a true, complete and correct rent roll and a copy of each of the Leases identified in such rent roll, and each Lease shall be satisfactory to Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion. (V) Subdivision. Evidence satisfactory to Lender (including title endorsements) that the Land relating to each Individual Property constitutes a separate lot for conveyance and real estate tax assessment purposes. (W) Transaction Costs. Borrowers shall have paid or caused to be paid all Transaction Costs. (X) Ground Lease. The Borrowers shall have delivered to Lender (1) certified copies of each Ground Lease, and (2) executed estoppel certificates in form and substance acceptable to Lender from the lessor under each Ground Lease. (b) Lender shall not be obligated to make the Loan unless and until each of the applicable conditions precedent set forth in this Section 3.1 is satisfied and until Borrower provides any other information reasonably required by Lender. (c) In connection with the Loan, Borrower shall execute and/or deliver to Lender all additions, amendments, modifications and supplements to the items set forth in this Article III, including, without limitation, amendments, modifications and any supplements to the Notes, any Mortgage, any Assignment of Leases, any Assignment of Agreements, and Manager's Subordination, if reasonably requested by Lender to effectuate the provisions hereof, and to provide Lender with the full benefit of the security intended to be provided under the Loan Documents. Without in any way limiting the foregoing, such additions, modifications and supplements shall include those deemed reasonably desirable by Lender's counsel in the jurisdiction in which the applicable Individual Property is located. (d) The making of the Loan shall constitute, without the necessity of specifically containing a written statement to such effect, a confirmation, representation and warranty by Borrower to Lender that all of the applicable conditions to be satisfied in connection with the making of the Loan have been satisfied (unless waived by Lender in accordance with Section 8.4 or otherwise made known to Lender by the Borrowers,) and that all of the representations and warranties of Borrowers set forth in the Loan Documents are true and correct as of the date of the making of the Loan. Section 3.2. Form of Loan Documents and Related Matters 55 The Loan Documents and all of the certificates, agreements, legal opinions and other documents and papers referred to in this Article III, unless otherwise specified, shall be delivered to Lender, and shall be in form and substance satisfactory to Lender. ARTICLE 4 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES Section 4.1. Representations and Warranties of Borrower and Operating Lessee. Each Borrower and Operating Lessee represents, warrants and covenants as follows as to all Borrowers, Operating Lessee, and all Individual Properties: (A) Organization. That each Borrower and Operating Lessee (i) is a duly organized and validly existing Entity in good standing under the laws of the State of its formation, (ii) is duly qualified as a foreign Entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its business, the applicable Individual Properties or any of the Collateral makes such qualification necessary or desirable, (iii) has the requisite Entity power and authority to carry on its business as now being conducted, and (iv) has the requisite Entity power to execute and deliver, and perform its obligations under, the Loan Documents. (B) Authorization. The execution and delivery by each applicable Borrower and Operating Lessee of the Loan Documents, each Borrower's and Operating Lessee's performance of its obligations thereunder and the creation of the security interests and Liens provided for in the Loan Documents (i) have been duly authorized by all requisite Entity action on the part of each Borrower and Operating Lessee, (ii) will not violate any provision of any applicable Legal Requirements, any order, writ, decree, injunction or demand of any court or other Governmental Authority, any organizational document of any Borrower or Operating Lessee or any indenture or agreement or other instrument to which any Borrower or Operating Lessee is a party or by which Borrower or Operating Lessee is bound except, with respect to violations of any such indentures, agreements or other instruments, where such violation would not have a Material Adverse Effect, (iii) will not be in conflict with, result in a breach of, or constitute (with due notice or lapse of time or both) a default under, or result in the creation or imposition of any Lien of any nature whatsoever upon any of the property or assets of any Borrower or Operating Lessee pursuant to, any indenture or agreement or instrument, and (iv) have been duly executed and delivered by each Borrower or Operating Lessee, as applicable. Except for those obtained or filed on or prior to the Closing Date, no Borrower or Operating Lessee is required to obtain any consent, approval or authorization from, or to file any declaration or statement with, any Governmental Authority or other agency in connection with or as a condition to the execution, delivery or performance of the Loan Documents. The Loan Documents to which any Borrower, Operating Lessee or any Manager is a party have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by such parties. (C) Single-Purpose Entity. 56 (i) Each Borrower, each SPE Equity Owner and Operating Lessee has been, and will continue to be, a duly formed and existing Entity, and a Single-Purpose Entity provided that certain of the Borrowers identified on Schedule M (the "Pre-Existing Borrowers") were organized prior to the transactions contemplated herein, and they did not originally have covenants or undertakings with respect to the Special Purpose Entity criteria in their organizational documents and did not have Independent Directors. However, each Pre-Existing Borrower hereby certifies, represents and warrants that since organization it has never owned any property other than its current respective Individual Property, that it has engaged in no business other than the ownership and operation of its respective Individual Property, that it has timely paid all taxes, and that it has complied in all material respects with the Single Purpose Entity criteria; except that certain of the Pre-Existing Borrowers had indebtedness secured by their respective Individual Property or allowed their Individual Property to secure obligations of an affiliate, but the related lender has executed a release, which includes an acknowledgement that such Pre-Existing Borrower's obligation to lender has been terminated and discharged in full, and that lender may not look to the Pre-Existing Borrower or its assets for satisfaction of the obligations of any affiliate of Ashford Hospitality Limited Partnership under the related credit facility. (ii) Each SPE Equity Owner at all times since its formation has been, and will continue to be, a duly formed and existing limited liability company or a limited partnership in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its formation and a Single-Purpose Entity, is duly qualified as a foreign entity in each other jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or any of the Collateral makes such qualification necessary or desirable, and no Borrower will take action to cause any SPE Equity Owner not to be a duly formed and existing limited liability company in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its formation and a Single-Purpose Entity. (iii) Each Borrower and Operating Lessee at all times since its formation has complied, and will, at all times while the Loan is outstanding, continue to comply, with the provisions of all of its organizational documents, and the laws of the state in which such Borrower and Operating Lessee was formed relating to the Entity. (D) Litigation. Except as disclosed on Schedule 1 attached hereto, there are no actions, suits or proceedings at law or in equity by or before any Governmental Authority or other agency now pending and served or, to the knowledge of any Borrower and Operating Lessee, threatened against any Borrower, Operating Lessee, any SPE Equity Owner, any Manager or any Individual Property which, if determined against the Borrowers, Operating Lessee, SPE Equity Owner, Manager or Individual Property could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Affect. (E) Agreements. No Borrower or Operating Lessee is a party to any agreement or instrument or subject to any restriction which is likely to have a Material 57 Adverse Effect. Each applicable Borrower and Operating Lessee is not in default in any material respect in the performance, observance or fulfillment of any of the obligations, covenants or conditions contained in any indenture, agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which such Borrower, Operating Lessee or the applicable Individual Property is bound which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Affect. (F) No Bankruptcy Filing. No Borrower or Operating Lessee is contemplating either the filing of a petition under any state or federal bankruptcy or insolvency laws or the liquidation of all or a major portion of any Borrower's assets or property, and no Borrower or Operating Lessee has any knowledge of any Person contemplating the filing of any such petition against any Borrower or Operating Lessee. (G) Full and Accurate Disclosure. No statement of fact made by Borrower or Operating Lessee in the Loan Documents contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact necessary to make statements contained herein or therein not misleading. There is no fact presently known to any Borrower or Operating Lessee which has not been disclosed to Lender which materially adversely affects, nor as far as any Borrower or Operating Lessee can foresee, might materially adversely affect the business, operations or condition (financial or otherwise) of any Borrower or Operating Lessee. (H) Management Agreements. Each Management Agreement is valid, binding and enforceable and in full force and effect and has not been modified and there are no material defaults under any of them, nor (a) to Borrowers' or Operating Lessee's knowledge has any event occurred that with the passage of time, the giving of notice or both would result in such a material default under the terms of each Management Agreement with any Manager other than Remington Manager, and (b) with respect to any Management Agreement with Remington Manager, has any event occurred that with the passage of time, the giving of notice or both would result in such a material default under the terms of such Management Agreement. (I) Compliance. Except as expressly disclosed in the Engineering Reports, the Environmental Reports, the PZR zoning reports or the Surveys delivered to Lender by Borrower, each applicable Borrower, Operating Lessee, each Individual Property and each applicable Borrower's or Operating Lessee's use thereof as a hotel and operations thereat comply in all material respects with all applicable Legal Requirements and all Insurance Requirements. No Borrower is in default or violation of any order, writ, injunction, decree or demand of any Governmental Authority, the violation of which is reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect. (J) Other Debt and Obligations. No Borrower or Operating Lessee has any financial obligation under any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which any Borrower or Operating Lessee is a party, or by which Borrower, Operating Lessee or any Individual Property is bound, other than (a) unsecured trade payables incurred in the ordinary course of business relating to the ownership and operation of an Individual Property which are not evidenced by a promissory note and when aggregated 58 with the unsecured trade payables of all other Borrowers and Operating Lessee, do not exceed a maximum amount of two and one-half percent (2.5%) of the Loan Amount and are paid within sixty (60) days of the date incurred (unless same are being contested in accordance with the terms of this Agreement), and (b) obligations under the Mortgage and the other Loan Documents. No Borrower or Operating Lessee has borrowed or received other debt financing that has not been heretofore repaid in full and no Borrower has any known material contingent liabilities. (K) ERISA. (a) Each Plan and, to the knowledge of any Borrower or Operating Lessee, each Multiemployer Plan, is in compliance in all material respects with, and has been administered in all material respects in compliance with, its terms and the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code and any other federal or state law, and no event or condition has occurred as to which any Borrower or Operating Lessee would be under an obligation to furnish a report to Lender under Section 5.1(S). (b) As of the date hereof and throughout the term of the Loan (a) no Borrower or Operating Lessee is or will be an "employee benefit plan," as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA, subject to Title I of ERISA, or a "plan," as defined in Section 4975(e)(1) of the Code, subject to Code Section 4975, (b) no Borrower or Operating Lessee is or will be a "governmental plan" within the meaning of Section 3(32) of ERISA, (c) none of the assets of any Borrower or Operating Lessee constitutes or will constitute "plan assets" of one or more of any such plans under 29 C.F.R. Section 2510.3-101 or otherwise, and (d) transactions by or with each Borrower or Operating Lessee do not and will not violate state statutes regulating investment of, and fiduciary obligations with respect to, governmental plans and such state statutes do not in any manner affect the ability of the Borrower or Operating Lessee to perform its obligations under the Loan Documents or the ability of Lender to enforce any and all of its rights under the Loan Agreement. (L) Solvency. No Borrower or Operating Lessee has entered into this Loan Agreement or any Loan Document with the actual intent to hinder, delay, or defraud any creditor, and each Borrower and Operating Lessee has received reasonably equivalent value in exchange for its obligations under the Loan Documents. Giving effect to the transactions contemplated hereby and the agreements set forth herein, the fair saleable value of each of Borrower's and Operating Lessee's assets exceeds and will, immediately following the execution and delivery of this Agreement, exceed such Borrower's or Operating Lessee's, as applicable, total liabilities, including, without limitation, subordinated, unliquidated, or disputed liabilities or Contingent Obligations. The fair saleable value of each Borrower's or Operating Lessee's assets is and will, immediately following the execution and delivery of this Agreement, be greater than such Borrower's or Operating Lessee's, as applicable, probable liabilities, including the maximum amount of its Contingent Obligations or its debts as such debts become absolute and matured. No Borrower's or Operating Lessee's assets do and, immediately following the execution and delivery of this Agreement, will, constitute unreasonably small capital to carry out its business as conducted or as proposed to be conducted. No Borrower or Operating Lessee intends to, or believes that it will, incur debts and liabilities (including, without 59 limitation, Contingent Obligations and other commitments) beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts to be payable on or in respect of obligations of each Borrower). (M) Not Foreign Person. No Borrower or Operating Lessee is a "foreign person" within the meaning of Section 1445(f)(3) of the Code. (N) Investment Company Act; Public Utility Holding Company Act. No Borrower or Operating Lessee is (i) an "investment company" or a company "controlled" by an "investment company," within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, (ii) a "holding company" or a "subsidiary company" of a "holding company" or an "affiliate" of either a "holding company" or a "subsidiary company" within the meaning of the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935, as amended, or (iii) subject to any other federal or state law or regulation which purports to restrict or regulate its ability to borrow money. (O) No Defaults. No Event of Default or, to Borrower's knowledge, Default exists under or with respect to any Loan Document. (P) Labor Matters. No Borrower or Operating Lessee is a party to any collective bargaining agreements. (Q) Title to the Property. Each Borrower owns either good, indefeasible, marketable and insurable fee simple or leasehold title to the applicable Individual Properties which it owns, free and clear of all Liens, other than the Permitted Encumbrances applicable to such Individual Property. There are no outstanding options to purchase or rights of first refusal affecting any Individual Property. The Permitted Encumbrances do not and are not likely to materially and adversely affect (i) the ability of any Borrower to pay in full all sums due under the Notes or any of its other obligations in a timely manner or (ii) the use of any Individual Property for the use currently being made thereof, the operation of such Individual Property as currently being operated or the value of any Individual Property. (R) Use of Proceeds; Margin Regulations. Each Borrower will use the proceeds of the Loan for the purposes described in Section 2.2. No part of the proceeds of the Loan will be used for the purpose of purchasing or acquiring any "margin stock" within the meaning of Regulation U of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or for any other purpose which would be inconsistent with such Regulation U or any other Regulations of such Board of Governors, or for any purposes prohibited by applicable Legal Requirements. (S) Financial Information. All historical financial data concerning any Borrower, Operating Lessee or any Individual Property (including without limitation all rent rolls and operating statements) that has been delivered by any Borrower or Operating Lessee to Lender is true, complete and correct in all material respects. Since the delivery of such data, except as otherwise disclosed in writing to Lender, there has been no material adverse change in the financial position of any Borrower, Operating Lessee or 60 Individual Property, or in the results of operations of any Borrower or Operating Lessee. No Borrower or Operating Lessee has incurred any obligation or liability, contingent or otherwise, not reflected in such financial data which might materially adversely affect its business operations or any Individual Property. (T) Condemnation. No Taking has been commenced or, to any Borrower's or Operating Lessee's knowledge, is contemplated with respect to all or any portion of any Individual Property or for the relocation of roadways providing access to any Individual Property. (U) Utilities and Public Access. Each Individual Property has adequate rights of access to public ways and is served by adequate water, sewer, sanitary sewer and storm drain facilities as are adequate for full utilization of such Individual Property for its current purpose. Except as otherwise disclosed by the Surveys, all public utilities necessary to the continued use and enjoyment of each Individual Property as presently used and enjoyed are located in the public right-of-way abutting the premises, and all such utilities are connected so as to serve each Individual Property either (i) without passing over other property or, (ii) if such utilities pass over other property, pursuant to valid easements. All roads necessary for the full utilization of each Individual Property for its current purpose have been completed and dedicated to public use and accepted by all Governmental Authorities or are the subject of access easements for the benefit of such Individual Property. (V) Environmental Compliance. Except as disclosed in the Environmental Reports, each of Borrower and Operating Lessee represents, warrants and covenants, as to itself and its applicable Individual Property: (a) there are no Hazardous Substances or underground storage tanks in, on, or under such Individual Property, except those that are both (i) in compliance with all Environmental Laws and with permits issued pursuant thereto and (ii) which do not require Remediation; (b) there are no past, present or threatened Releases of Hazardous Substances in, on, under, from or affecting any Individual Property which have not been fully Remediated in accordance with Environmental Law; (c) there is no Release or threat of any Release of Hazardous Substances which has or is migrating to any Individual Property; (d) there is no past or present non-compliance with Environmental Laws, or with permits issued pursuant thereto, in connection with any Individual Property which has not been fully Remediated in accordance with Environmental Law; (e) such Borrower and Operating Lessee does not know of, and has not received, any written or oral notice or other communication from any Person (including but not limited to a governmental entity) relating to Hazardous Substances or the Remediation thereof, of possible liability of any Person pursuant to any Environmental Law, other environmental conditions in connection with any Individual Property, or any actual or potential administrative or judicial proceedings in connection with any of the foregoing; and (f) such Borrower or Operating Lessee has truthfully and fully provided to Lender, in writing, any and all information relating to conditions in, on, under or from each Individual Property that is known to such Borrower or Operating Lessee and that is contained in files and records of such Borrower or Operating Lessee, including but not limited to any reports 61 relating to Hazardous Substances in, on, under or from such Individual Property and/or to the environmental condition of each Individual Property. (W) No Joint Assessment; Separate Lots. No Borrower or Operating Lessee has or shall suffer, permit or initiate the joint assessment of any applicable Individual Property (i) with any other real property constituting a separate tax lot, and (ii) with any portion of any Individual Property which may be deemed to constitute personal property, or any other procedure whereby the lien of any taxes which may be levied against such personal property shall be assessed or levied or charged to any Individual Property as a single lien. Each Individual Property is comprised of one or more parcels, each of which constitutes a separate tax lot and none of which constitutes a portion of any other tax lot. (X) Assessments. Except as disclosed in the Title Insurance Policy, there are no pending or, to the knowledge of any Borrower or Operating Lessee, proposed special or other assessments for public improvements or otherwise affecting any Individual Property, nor, to the knowledge of any Borrower or Operating Lessee, are there any contemplated improvements to any Individual Property that may result in such special or other assessments. (Y) Mortgage and Other Liens. The Mortgages create valid and enforceable first mortgage Liens on each Individual Property as security for the repayment of the Indebtedness, subject only to the Permitted Encumbrances applicable to such Individual Property. Each security agreement, assignment, pledge, grant or other hypothecation which is contained in any Loan Document establishes and creates a valid and enforceable lien on and a security interest in, or claim to, the rights and property described therein. All property covered by each such security agreement, assignment, pledge, grant or other hypothecation is subject to a UCC financing statement filed and/or recorded, as appropriate, in all places necessary to perfect a valid first priority lien with respect to the rights and property that are the subject of such security agreement, assignment, pledge, grant or other hypothecation to the extent governed by the UCC to the extent such a security interest in such property is perfectible by the filing of a UCC financing statement. All continuations and any assignments of any such financing statements have been or will be timely filed or refiled, as appropriate, in the appropriate recording offices. (Z) Enforceability. The Loan Documents executed by each applicable Borrower or Operating Lessee in connection with the Loan are the legal, valid and binding obligations of each such Borrower or Operating Lessee, enforceable against each such Borrower or Operating Lessee in accordance with their terms, subject only to bankruptcy, insolvency and other limitations on creditors' rights generally and to equitable principles. Such Loan Documents are, as of the Closing Date, not subject to any right of rescission, set-off, counterclaim or defense by any Borrower or Operating Lessee, including the defense of usury, nor will the operation of any of the terms of the Notes, any Mortgage, or such other Loan Documents, or the exercise of any right thereunder, render any Mortgage unenforceable against any Borrower or Operating Lessee, in whole or in part, or subject to any right of rescission, set- 62 off, counterclaim or defense by any Borrower or Operating Lessee, including the defense of usury, and no Borrower or Operating Lessee has asserted any right of rescission, set-off, counterclaim or defense with respect thereto. (AA) No Liabilities. No Borrower or Operating Lessee has any liabilities or obligations including, without limitation, Contingent Obligations (and including, without limitation, liabilities or obligations in tort, in contract, at law, in equity, pursuant to a statute or regulation, or otherwise) other than those liabilities and obligations expressly permitted by this Agreement. (BB) No Prior Assignment. As of the Closing Date, (i) Lender is the assignee of each Borrower's or Operating Lessee's interest under the Leases, and (ii) there are no prior assignments of the Leases or any portion of the Rents due and payable or to become due and payable which are presently outstanding. (CC) Certificate of Occupancy. Borrowers and Operating Lessee have obtained (in their own name) all Permits necessary to use and operate the Individual Property for the use described in Section 3.1(R), and all such Permits are in full force and effect. The use being made of each Individual Property is in conformity in all material respects with the certificate of occupancy and/or Permits for each such Individual Property and any other restrictions, covenants or conditions affecting each such Individual Property. Each such Individual Property contains all equipment necessary to use and operate each such Individual Property in a first-class manner. (DD) Flood Zone. Except as shown on a Survey, no Individual Property is located in a flood hazard area as designated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency. (EE) Physical Condition. Except as disclosed in an Engineering Report, each Individual Property is free of material structural defects and all building systems contained therein are in good working order in all material respects subject to ordinary wear and tear. (FF) Intellectual Property. All trademarks, trade names and service marks owned by any Borrower or Operating Lessee or that are pending, or under which any Borrower or Operating Lessee is licensed, are in good standing and uncontested. There is no right under any trademark, trade name or service mark necessary to the business of any Borrower or Operating Lessee as presently conducted or as Borrower or Operating Lessee contemplates conducting its business. No Borrower or Operating Lessee has infringed, is infringing, or has received notice of infringement with respect to asserted trademarks, trade names and service marks of others. To Borrower's or Operating Lessee's knowledge, there is no infringement by others of trademarks, trade names and service marks of any Borrower or Operating Lessee. (GG) Intentionally Omitted. 63 (HH) Title Insurance. Each Individual Property is covered by either an American Land Title Association (ALTA) mortgagee's title insurance policy, or a commitment to issue such a title insurance policy, insuring a valid first lien on such Individual Property, which is in full force and effect and is freely assignable to and will inure to the benefit of Lender and any successor or assignee of Lender, including but not limited to the trustee in a Securitization, subject only to the Permitted Encumbrances. (II) Tax Fair Market Value. The Allocated Loan Amount with respect to each Individual Property does not exceed the Tax Fair Market Value of such Individual Property. The Loan Amount does not exceed the aggregate Tax Fair Market Values of the Individual Properties. If any Note is significantly modified prior to the closing date of a Secondary Market Transaction so as to result in a taxable exchange under Code Section 1001, Borrowers will, if requested by Lender, represent that the amount of such Note does not exceed the aggregate Tax Fair Market Value of the applicable Individual Property as of the date of such significant modification. (JJ) Leases. (a) Each Borrower or Operating Lessee is the sole owner of the entire lessor's interest in the Leases; (b) the Leases are the valid, binding and enforceable obligations of the applicable Borrowers or Operating Lessee and the applicable tenant or lessee thereunder; (c) the terms of all alterations, modifications and amendments to the Leases are reflected in the certified rent roll statement delivered to and approved by Lender; (d) no Rents reserved in any Leases have been assigned or otherwise pledged or hypothecated; (e) no Rents have been collected for more than one (1) month in advance; (f) the premises demised under the Leases have been completed and the tenants under the Leases have accepted the same and have taken possession of the same on a rent-paying basis; (g) there exists no offset or defense to the payment of any portion of any Rents; (h) no Lease contains an option to purchase, right of first refusal to purchase, expansion right, or any other similar provision; and (i) no Person has any possessory interest in, or right to occupy, any Individual Property except under and pursuant to a Lease. (KK) Bank Holding Company. No Borrower or Operating Lessee is a "bank holding company" or a direct or indirect subsidiary of a "bank holding company" as defined in the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, and Regulation Y thereunder of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. (LL) Embargoed Person. None of the funds or other assets of any Borrower, Operating Lessee, or any SPE Equity Owner constitute property of, or are beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by any person, entity or government subject to trade restrictions under federal law, including, without limitation, the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. Sections 1701 et seq., The Trading with the Enemy Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 1 et seq. , and any executive orders or regulations promulgated thereunder, with the result that (i) the investment in any Borrower, Operating Lessee, any SPE Equity Owner, as applicable (whether directly or indirectly), is prohibited by law, or (ii) the Loan made by the Lender is in violation of law ("Embargoed Person"); (b) no Embargoed Person has any interest of any nature 64 whatsoever in any Borrower, Operating Lessee, any SPE Equity Owner, as applicable (whether directly or indirectly), with the result that (i) the investment in any Borrower, Operating Lessee, any SPE Equity Owner, as applicable (whether directly or indirectly) is prohibited by law, or (ii) the Loan is in violation of law; and (c) none of the funds of any Borrower, Operating Lease, any SPE Equity Owner, as applicable, have been derived from any unlawful activity with the result that (i) the investment in any Borrower, Operating Lessee, any SPE Equity Owner, as applicable (whether directly or indirectly) is prohibited by law, or (ii) the Loan is in violation of law. (MM) Illegal Activity. No portion of any of each Individual Property has been or will be purchased, improved, equipped or furnished with proceeds of any illegal activity. (NN) Compliance. No Borrower or Operating Lessee, and to the best of each Borrower's and Operating Lessee's knowledge after due and diligent inquiry, neither (a) any Person owning an interest in a Borrower, Operating Lessee or any SPE Equity Owner, (b) each Manager, and (c) any tenant at each Individual Property: (i) is currently identified on the OFAC List ("OFAC List"), and (ii) is not a Person with whom a citizen of the United States is prohibited to engage in transactions by any trade embargo, economic sanction, or other prohibition of any Legal Requirement (including the September 24, 2001, Executive Order Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions With Person Who Commit, Threaten to Commit, or Support Terrorism), and (iii) is not in violation of the U.S. Federal Bank Secrecy Act, as amended, and its implementing regulations (31 C.F.R. part 103), the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, Public Law 107-56 and the regulations promulgated thereunder, any order issued with respect to anti-money laundering by the U.S. Department of the Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control, or any other anti-money laundering law. Each Borrower and Operating Lessee has implemented procedures, and will consistently apply those procedures throughout the term of the Loan, to ensure the foregoing representations and warranties remain true and correct during the term of the Loan. (OO) Franchise Agreements. Each Franchise Agreement is in full force and effect, there is no material default thereunder by any party thereto and to the best of Borrower's and Operating Lessee's knowledge and except as set forth on Schedule 2 hereof, no event has occurred that, with the passage of time and/or the giving of notice would constitute a default thereunder, and no fees under any Franchise Agreement are accrued and unpaid. (PP) Operating Budget. Attached hereto as Exhibit H is a true, complete and correct copy of the operating budget for each Borrower's or Operating Lessee's Individual Property for the period between the Closing Date and December 31, 2004, which Operating Budget has been approved by Lender pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. (QQ) Property Improvement Plans. Attached hereto as Exhibit I is (a) a true, complete and correct list of all property improvement plans or similar agreements affecting each Individual Property (each, a "Property Improvement Plan"), and (b) a true, 65 complete and correct description of the amounts to be expended and time frames for required expenditure pursuant to each Property Improvement Plan. (RR) Georgia Zoning Compliance. Each hotel room located the Individual Properties owned by Ashford Buford I LP and Ashford Buford II LP contains at least three hundred square feet (300 sq. ft.). (SS) Organizational Chart. Attached hereto as Exhibit L is a true, complete and correct copy of the Borrowers' organizational chart. Section 4.2. Survival of Representations and Warranties Each Borrower and Operating Lessee agrees that (i) all of the representations and warranties of each Borrower set forth in this Agreement and in the other Loan Documents delivered on the Closing Date are made as of the Closing Date (except as expressly otherwise provided) and (ii) all representations and warranties made by each Borrower shall survive the delivery of the Notes and continue for so long as any amount remains owing to Lender under this Agreement, the Notes or any of the other Loan Documents; provided, however, that the representations, warranties and covenants set forth in Section 4.1(V), Section 4.1(LL), Section 4.1(NN) and Sections 5.1(D) through 5.1(G), inclusive, shall survive in perpetuity and shall not be subject to the exculpation provisions of Section 8.14. All representations, warranties, covenants and agreements made in this Agreement or in the other Loan Documents shall be deemed to have been relied upon by Lender notwithstanding any investigation heretofore or hereafter made by Lender or on its behalf. Without limiting any other provision of this Agreement, with respect to each Secondary Market Transaction, within 3 days of receipt of Lender's request, each Borrower or Operating Lessee shall deliver to Lender a certification (a) remaking all of the representations and warranties contained in this Agreement as of the date of such Secondary Market Transaction, or (y) otherwise specifying any changes in or qualifications to such representations and warranties as of such date as may be necessary to make such representations consistent with the facts as they exist on such date. ARTICLE 5 AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS Section 5.1. Borrower Covenants Each Borrower and Operating Lessee covenants and agrees that, from the date hereof and until payment in full of the Indebtedness: (A) Existence; Compliance with Legal Requirements; Insurance. Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve, renew and keep in full force and effect its Entity existence, rights, licenses, Permits and franchises necessary for the conduct of its business and comply in all material respects with all applicable Legal Requirements and Insurance Requirements applicable 66 to it and each Individual Property. Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall notify Lender promptly of any written notice or order that such Borrower or Operating Lessee receives from any Governmental Authority relating to such Borrower's or Operating Lessee's failure to comply with such applicable Legal Requirements relating to such Borrower's or Operating Lessee's applicable Individual Property and promptly take any and all actions necessary to bring its operations at such Individual Property into compliance with such applicable Legal Requirements (and shall fully comply with the requirements of such Legal Requirements that at any time are applicable to its operations at any Individual Property) provided, that such Borrower or Operating Lessee at its expense may, after prior notice to the Lender, contest by appropriate legal, administrative or other proceedings conducted in good faith and with due diligence, the validity or application, in whole or in part, of any such applicable Legal Requirements as long as (i) neither the applicable Collateral nor any part thereof or any interest therein, will be sold, forfeited or lost or subject to a continuing Lien if such Borrower or Operating Lessee pays the amount or satisfies the condition being contested, and such Borrower or Operating Lessee would have the opportunity to do so, in the event of such Borrower's or Operating Lessee's failure to prevail in the contest, (ii) Lender would not, by virtue of such permitted contest, be exposed to any risk of any civil liability or criminal liability, and (iii) such Borrower or Operating Lessee shall have furnished to the Lender additional security in respect of the claim being contested or the loss or damage that may result from such Borrower's or Operating Lessee's failure to prevail in such contest in such amount as may be reasonably requested by Lender but in no event less than one hundred twenty-five percent (125%) of the amount of such claim. Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall at all times maintain, preserve and protect all franchises and trade names and preserve all the remainder of its property necessary for the continued conduct of its business and keep the applicable Individual Properties in good repair, working order and condition, except for reasonable wear and use, and from time to time make, or cause to be made, all necessary repairs, renewals, replacements, betterments and improvements thereto, all as more fully provided in the Mortgages. Borrowers and Operating Lessee shall keep their Individual Properties insured at all times, as provided in the Mortgages. (B) Impositions and Other Claims. Subject to Section 2.11(e)(i)(x) hereof, Borrowers and Operating Lessee shall pay and discharge or cause to be paid and discharged all Impositions, as well as all lawful claims for labor, materials and supplies or otherwise, which could become a Lien, all as more fully provided in, and subject to any rights to contest contained in, the Mortgages. (C) Litigation. Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall give prompt written notice to Lender of any litigation or governmental proceedings pending or threatened against such Borrower or Operating Lessee which is reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect. (D) Environmental. (i) Borrowers and Operating Lessee covenant and agree that: (a) all uses and operations on or of the Individual Properties, whether by any 67 Borrower, Operating Lessee or any other Person, shall be in compliance with all Environmental Laws and permits issued pursuant thereto; (b) there shall be no Releases of Hazardous Substances in, on, under or from any Individual Property; (c) there shall be no Hazardous Substances used, present or Released in, on, under or from any Individual Property, except those that are (i) in compliance in all material respects with all Environmental Laws and with permits issued pursuant thereto; (ii) fully disclosed to Lender in writing; and (iii) which do not require Remediation, (d) Borrowers and Operating Lessee shall keep each Individual Property free and clear of all Environmental Liens; (e) Borrowers and Operating Lessee shall, at its sole cost and expense, fully and expeditiously cooperate in all activities pursuant to Section 5.1(E) of this Agreement, including but not limited to providing all relevant information and making knowledgeable Persons available for interviews; (f) intentionally omitted; (g) such Borrower or Operating Lessee shall, at its sole cost and expense, (i) effectuate Remediation of any condition (including but not limited to a Release of a Hazardous Substance or violation of Environmental Laws) in, on, under or from each Individual Property for which Remediation is legally required; (ii) comply with all Environmental Laws; (iii) comply with any directive from any governmental authority; and (iv) take any other reasonable action necessary or appropriate for protection of human health or the environment; (h) Borrowers and Operating Lessee shall not do or allow any tenant or other user of any Individual Property to do any act that materially increases the dangers to human health or the environment, poses an unreasonable risk of harm to any Person (whether on or off any Individual Property), impairs or may impair the value or marketability of any Individual Property, is contrary to any requirement of any insurer, constitutes a public or private nuisance, constitutes waste, or violates any covenant, condition, agreement or easement applicable to any Individual Property; (i) Borrowers and Operating Lessee shall immediately notify Lender in writing of (A) any unlawful presence or Releases or threatened Releases of Hazardous Substances in, on, under, from or migrating towards any Individual Property; (B) any material non-compliance with any Environmental Laws related in any way to any Individual Property; (C) any actual or potential Environmental Lien; (D) any Remediation of environmental conditions relating to any Individual Property required by Environmental Laws; and (E) any written notice or other communication of which any Borrower or Operating Lessee becomes aware from any source whatsoever (including but not limited to a governmental entity) relating in any way to Release, presence, or Release or threatened Release of Hazardous Substances in violation of Environmental Laws or the Remediation thereof, Law, other environmental conditions in connection with any Individual Property, or any actual or potential administrative or judicial proceedings in connection with anything referred to in this Agreement; and (j) without limiting the foregoing, upon becoming aware of the presence of or potential for Mold in violation of applicable Environmental Laws on any Individual Property, at its sole cost and expense Borrowers and Operating Lessee shall (i) undertake or cause an investigation to identify the source(s) of such Mold, including any water intrusion, and develop and implement a plan for the Remediation of any Mold required under applicable Environmental Laws; (ii) perform, or cause to be performed, all acts required under applicable Environmental Laws for the Remediation of the Mold in a 68 timely manner given the circumstances; (iii) properly dispose in accordance with all applicable Environmental Laws of any materials generated as a result of or in connection with the foregoing items (i) and (ii); and (iv) provide Lender with evidence of Borrower's or Operating Lessee's compliance with the requirements of each of the foregoing to Lender's reasonable satisfaction. (E) Environmental Cooperation and Access. In the event the Environmental Indemnified Parties have reason to believe that an environmental condition exists on any Individual Property that, in the discretion of the Lender, could endanger any tenants or other occupants of any Individual Property or their guests or the general public or materially and adversely affects the value of any Individual Property, upon reasonable notice from the Lender, Borrowers shall, at any Borrowers' sole cost and expense, promptly cause an engineer or consultant satisfactory to the Lender to conduct any environmental assessment or audit (the scope of which shall be determined in the sole and absolute discretion of Lender) and take any samples of soil, groundwater or other water, air, or building materials or any other invasive testing reasonably requested by Lender and promptly deliver the results of any such assessment, audit, sampling or other testing; provided, further, that such Borrowers, the Environmental Indemnified Parties and any other Person designated by the Environmental Indemnified Parties, including but not limited to any receiver, any representative of a governmental entity, and any environmental consultant, shall have the right, but not the obligation, to enter upon such Individual Property at all reasonable times (without materially interfering with the business conducted at the Individual Property) to assess any and all aspects of the environmental condition of such Individual Property and its use, including but not limited to conducting any environmental assessment or audit (the scope of which shall be determined in the reasonable discretion of Lender) and taking samples of soil, groundwater or other water, air, or building materials, and reasonably conducting other invasive testing (which shall be at Borrowers' sole cost and expense if Borrowers fail to conduct or deliver an assessment or audit as required pursuant to this Section), Borrowers shall cooperate with and provide the Environmental Indemnified Parties and any such Person designated by the Environmental Indemnified Parties with access to each Individual Property. (F) Environmental Indemnity. Borrowers covenant and agree, at their sole cost and expense, to protect, defend, indemnify, release and hold Environmental Indemnified Parties harmless from and against any and all Losses imposed upon or incurred by or asserted against any Environmental Indemnified Parties and directly or indirectly arising out of or in any way relating to any one or more of the following (other than Losses imposed upon or incurred by or asserted against any Environmental Indemnified Parties to the extent that the Borrowers can prove (1) that such Losses were caused exclusively by actions, conditions or events that occurred entirely after the date that Lender (or Lender's designee or transferee by reason of exercise of remedies) actually acquired title to the applicable Individual Property, and (2) that such Losses were not caused or occasioned by the actions or inactions of any Borrower, any Manager, Operating Lessee or any agent, employee, contractor or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing): (a) any presence or use of any Hazardous Substances in, on, above, under, from or affecting any Individual Property; (b) any past, present or threatened Release of Hazardous 69 Substances in, on, above, under, from or affecting any Individual Property; (c) any activity by any Borrower, any Person affiliated with any Borrower, and any tenant or other user of such Individual Property in connection with any actual, proposed or threatened use, treatment, storage, holding, existence, disposition or other Release, generation, production, manufacturing, processing, refining, control, management, abatement, removal, handling, transfer or transportation to or from such Individual Property of or exposure to any Hazardous Substances at any time located in, under, on or above such Individual Property; (d) any activity by any Borrower, any Person affiliated with any Borrower, and any tenant or other user of such Individual Property in connection with any actual or proposed Remediation of any Hazardous Substances at any time located in, under, on, above or affecting such Individual Property, whether or not such Remediation is voluntary or pursuant to court or administrative order, including but not limited to any removal, remedial or corrective action; (e) any past, present or threatened non-compliance or violations of any Environmental Laws (or permits issued pursuant to any Environmental Law) in connection with such Individual Property or operations thereon, including but not limited to any failure by any Borrower, any Person affiliated with any Borrower, and any tenant or other user of any Individual Property to comply with any order of any governmental authority in connection with any Environmental Laws; (f) the imposition, recording or filing or the threatened imposition, recording or filing of any Environmental Lien encumbering any Individual Property; (g) any administrative processes or proceedings or judicial proceedings in any way connected with any matter addressed in this Agreement; (h) any past, present or threatened injury to, destruction of or loss of natural resources in any way connected with any Individual Property, including but not limited to costs to investigate and assess such injury, destruction or loss; (i) any acts of such Borrower, any Person affiliated with any Borrower, and any tenant or other user of any Individual Property in arranging for disposal or treatment, or arranging with a transporter for transport for disposal or treatment, of Hazardous Substances at any facility or incineration vessel containing such or similar Hazardous Substances; (j) any acts of such Borrower, any Person affiliated with any such Borrower, and any tenant or other user of such Individual Property in accepting any Hazardous Substances for transport to disposal or treatment facilities, incineration vessels or sites from which there is a Release, or a threatened Release of any Hazardous Substance which causes the incurrence of costs for Remediation; (k) any personal injury, wrongful death, or property or other damage arising under any statutory or common law or tort law theory, including but not limited to damages assessed for private or public nuisance or for the conducting of an abnormally dangerous activity on or near such Individual Property; and (l) any misrepresentation or inaccuracy in any representation or warranty or material breach or failure to perform any covenants or other obligations pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document. IT IS EXPRESSLY ACKNOWLEDGED AND AGREED BY EACH BORROWER THAT THE INDEMNITY (AND/OR THE RELEASE) CONTAINED IN THIS SECTION 5.1(F) PROTECTS LENDER FROM THE CONSEQUENCES OF LENDER'S ACTS OR OMISSIONS, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE NEGLIGENT ACTS OR OMISSIONS OF LENDER TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT NOTHING CONTAINED HEREIN SHALL BE DEEMED TO RELIEVE THE LENDER FROM LIABILITY DUE TO ITS GROSS NEGLIGENCE. 70 (G) Duty to Defend. Upon written request by any Environmental Indemnified Party, Borrowers shall defend same (if requested by any Environmental Indemnified Party, in the name of the Environmental Indemnified Party) by attorneys and other professionals reasonably approved by the Environmental Indemnified Parties. Borrowers shall, within five Business Days of receipt thereof, give written notice to Lender of (i) any notice, advice or other communication from any governmental entity or any source whatsoever with respect to Hazardous Substances on, from or affecting any Individual Property, and (ii) any legal action brought against any party or related to any Individual Property, with respect to which any Borrower may have liability under this Agreement. Such notice shall comply with the provisions of Section 8.6 hereof. (H) Operating Lease. (i) Each Borrower shall (a) promptly perform and observe all of the covenants required to be performed and observed by it under the Operating Leases and do all things necessary to preserve and to keep unimpaired its material rights thereunder; (b) promptly notify Lender of any material default under any Operating Lease of which it is aware; (c) promptly deliver to Lender a copy of any notice of default or other material notice under any Operating Lease delivered to any Operating Lessee by Borrower; (d) promptly give notice to Lender of any notice or information that Borrower receives which indicates that an Operating Lessee is terminating its Operating Lease or that any Operating Lessee is otherwise discontinuing its operation of the applicable Individual Property; and (e) promptly enforce the performance and observance of all of the material covenants required to be performed and observed by the Operating Lessee under the applicable Operating Lease. (ii) If at any time, (A) an Operating Lessee shall become insolvent or a debtor in a bankruptcy proceeding or (B) Lender or its designee has taken title to an Individual Property by foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure, has become a mortgagee-in-possession, has appointed a receiver with respect to the applicable Individual Property or has otherwise taken title to such Individual Property, Lender shall have the absolute right to (and Borrower and Operating Lessee shall reasonably cooperate and not in any way hinder, delay or otherwise interfere with Lender's right to), immediately terminate the applicable Operating Lease under and in accordance with the terms of the applicable Subordination, Attornment and Security Agreement. (iii) Borrower shall not, without the prior written consent of Lender, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld: (a) surrender, terminate or cancel any Operating Lease or otherwise replace any Operating Lessee or enter into any other operating lease with respect to any Individual Property, provided, however, at the end of the term of each Operating Lease, the applicable Borrower may renew such Operating Lease or enter into a replacement Operating Lease with Operating Lessee on substantially the same terms as the expiring Operating Lease except that 71 Lender shall have the right to approve any material change thereto; (b) reduce or consent to the reduction of the term of any Operating Lease; or (c) enter into, renew, amend, modify, waive any provisions of, reduce Rents under, or shorten the term of any Operating Lease. (I) Franchise Agreements. (a) Each Individual Property shall be operated under the terms and conditions of the applicable Franchise Agreement. Each Borrower shall or shall cause the applicable Operating Lessee to (i) pay all sums required to be paid by the franchisee under each Franchise Agreement, (ii) diligently perform, observe and enforce all of the terms, covenants and conditions of each Franchise Agreement on the part of the franchisee thereunder to be performed, observed and enforced to the end that all things shall be done which are necessary to keep unimpaired the rights of said franchisee under each Franchise Agreement, (iii) promptly notify Lender of the giving of any notice to any Borrower and/or Operating Lessee of any default by the franchisee in the performance or observance of any of the terms, covenants or conditions of any Franchise Agreement on the part of the franchisee thereunder to be performed and observed and deliver to Lender a true copy of each such notice, and (iv) promptly deliver to Lender a copy of each financial statement, business plan, capital expenditure plan, notice of a default under the Franchise Agreement, report regarding operations at the related Individual Property, estimates of any monetary nature and any other items reasonably requested by Lender, in each case received by any Borrower or Operating Lessee under any Franchise Agreement. (b) No Borrower shall (and shall not cause or permit any Operating Lessee to), without the prior consent of the Lender (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld), surrender any Franchise Agreement or terminate or cancel any Franchise Agreement or modify, change, supplement, alter or amend any Franchise Agreement, in any respect, either orally or in writing, and each Borrower hereby assigns to Lender as further security for the payment of the Indebtedness and for the performance and observance of the terms, covenants and conditions of this Loan Agreement, any and all rights, privileges and prerogatives of each Borrower to surrender any Franchise Agreement or to terminate, cancel, modify, change, supplement, alter or amend any Franchise Agreement in any respect, and any such surrender of any Franchise Agreement or termination, cancellation, modification, change, supplement, alteration or amendment of any Franchise Agreement without the prior consent of Lender (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld) shall be void and of no force and effect. (c) If any franchisee shall default in the performance or observance of any material term, covenant or condition of any Franchise Agreement on the part of the franchisee thereunder to be performed or observed, then, without limiting the generality of the other provisions of this Agreement, and without waiving or releasing any Borrower from any of its obligations hereunder, Lender shall have the right, but shall be under no obligation, to pay any sums and to perform any act or take any action as may be appropriate to cause all the terms, covenants and conditions of such Franchise Agreement on the part of the franchisee to be performed or observed to be promptly performed or observed on behalf of such Borrower, to the 72 end that the rights of said franchisee (and/or such Borrower and/or Operating Lessee) in, to and under such Franchise Agreement shall be kept unimpaired and free from default. Any such amounts so advanced by Lender together with interest thereon from the date expended by Lender of the Default Rate shall be part of the Indebtedness and Borrower shall immediately repay such amounts to Lender upon demand. Pursuant to the terms of the applicable Subordination Attornment and Security Agreement and/or Assignment of Management Agreement, Lender and any person designated by Lender shall have, and are hereby granted, the right to enter upon the applicable Individual Property at any time and from time to time for the purpose of taking any such action. If any Franchisor shall deliver to Lender a copy of any notice sent to any Borrower and/or Operating Lessee of any default under any Franchise Agreement, such notice shall constitute full protection to Lender for any action taken or omitted to be taken by Lender in good faith, in reliance thereon. (d) Each Borrower shall (or shall cause the applicable Operating Lessee to) exercise each individual option, if any, to extend or renew the term of each Franchise Agreement upon demand by Lender made at any time within ninety (90) days prior to the last day upon which any such option may be exercised, and each Borrower hereby expressly authorizes and appoints Lender as its attorney-in-fact to exercise (or cause the applicable Operating Lessee to exercise) any such option in the name of and upon behalf of such Borrower should such Borrower fail to do so, which power of attorney shall be irrevocable and shall be deemed to be coupled with an interest. (e) Any sums expended by Lender pursuant to this Section shall bear interest at the Default Rate from the date such cost is incurred to the date of payment to Lender, shall be deemed to constitute a portion of the Indebtedness, shall be secured by the lien of the Mortgage and the other Loan Documents and shall be immediately due and payable within two Business Days after demand by Lender therefor. (f) Each Borrower shall, promptly upon request of Lender, but no more than two (2) times in any calendar year during the term of the Loan (unless (i) an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or (ii) such request is occasioned in connection with a Secondary Market Transaction) use its diligent best efforts to obtain and deliver (or cause to be delivered) an estoppel certificate from each Franchisor stating that (i) each applicable Franchise Agreement is in full force and effect and has not been modified, amended or assigned, (ii) neither such Franchisor nor the franchisee named thereunder is in default under any of the terms, covenants or provisions of each applicable Franchise Agreement and such Franchisor knows of no event which, but for the passage of time or the giving of notice or both, would constitute an event of default under each applicable Franchise Agreement, (iii) neither such Franchisor nor the franchisee thereunder has commenced any action or given or received any notice for the purpose of terminating any applicable Franchise Agreement and (iv) all sums due and payable to such Franchisor under each applicable Franchise Agreement have been paid in full. (g) Upon the termination of any Franchise Agreement, each Borrower shall (or shall cause Operating Lessee to) promptly enter into a new Franchise Agreement with a 73 replacement Franchisor, which shall deliver a comfort or similar letter to and in favor of Lender, all upon terms and conditions acceptable to Lender in its discretion. (J) Access to Property. Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall permit agents, representatives and employees of Lender to inspect their Individual Properties or any part thereof at such reasonable times as may be requested by Lender upon reasonable advance written notice and without materially interfering with the business conducted at the Individual Property. (K) Notice of Default. Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall promptly advise Lender of any material adverse change in such Borrower's or Operating Lessee's condition, financial or otherwise, or of the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default. (L) Cooperate in Legal Proceedings. Except with respect to any claim by any Borrower against Lender, such Borrower and Operating Lessee shall cooperate with Lender with respect to any proceedings before any Governmental Authority which may in any way affect the rights of Lender hereunder or any rights obtained by Lender under any of the Loan Documents and, in connection therewith, not prohibit Lender, at its election, from participating in any such proceedings. (M) Perform Loan Documents. Borrowers and Operating Lessee shall observe, perform and satisfy all the terms, provisions, covenants and conditions required to be observed, performed or satisfied by them, and shall pay when due all costs, fees and expenses required to be paid by them, under the Loan Documents executed and delivered by such Borrower or Operating Lessee. (N) Insurance Benefits; Condemnation Claims. Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall cooperate with Lender in settling any insurance or condemnation claim and/or obtaining for Lender the benefits of any Insurance Proceeds and/or Condemnation Proceeds lawfully or equitably payable to Lender in connection with any Individual Property, and Lender shall be reimbursed for any expenses incurred in connection therewith (including reasonable attorneys' fees and disbursements) and the payment by any Borrower or Operating Lessee of the expense of an Appraisal on behalf of Lender in case of a fire or other casualty affecting any Individual Property or any part thereof out of such Insurance Proceeds and/or Condemnation Proceeds, all as more specifically provided in the Mortgages. (O) Further Assurances. Borrowers shall, at Borrowers' sole cost and expense: (i) upon Lender's request therefor given from time to time after the occurrence of any Event of Default pay for (a) reports of UCC, federal tax lien, state tax lien, judgment and pending litigation searches with respect to any Borrower and (b) searches of title to any Individual Property, each such search to be conducted by 74 search firms reasonably designated by Lender in each of the locations reasonably designated by Lender. (ii) furnish to Lender all instruments, documents, boundary surveys, footing or foundation surveys, certificates, plans and specifications, appraisals, title and other insurance reports and agreements, and each and every other document, certificate, agreement and instrument required to be furnished pursuant to the terms of the Loan Documents; (iii) execute and deliver to Lender such documents, instruments, certificates, assignments and other writings, and do such other acts necessary, to evidence, preserve and/or protect the Collateral at any time securing or intended to secure the Notes, as Lender may require in Lender's discretion; and (iv) do and execute all and such further lawful acts, conveyances and assurances for the better and more effective carrying out of the intents and purposes of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, as Lender shall require from time to time in its discretion. (P) Management of Property. Each Individual Property will be managed at all times by the applicable Manager pursuant to a Management Agreement unless terminated as herein provided. Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall comply with the terms of and enforce its rights under the Management Agreement. The Management Agreement shall be terminated by Borrowers or Operating Lessee, at Lender's request, upon thirty (30) days prior written notice to Borrowers, Operating Lessee and the applicable Manager (i) upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, (ii) if the applicable Manager commits any act which would permit termination by any Borrower or Operating Lessee under the Management Agreement, or (iii) the applicable Manager commits any act which constitutes an act of fraud, material misrepresentation, intentional misrepresentation, gross negligence, willful misconduct, misappropriation of funds, or physical waste of any Individual Property. If a manager is terminated pursuant hereto, Borrowers and Operating Lessee shall promptly seek to appoint a replacement manager acceptable to Lender in Lender's discretion, and Borrowers' or Operating Lessee's failure to appoint an acceptable manager within thirty (30) days after Lender's request of Borrowers to terminate the Management Agreement shall constitute an immediate Event of Default. Borrowers or Operating Lessee may from time to time appoint a successor manager to manage the Individual Property, which successor manager shall be approved in writing by Lender in Lender's discretion. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any successor manager selected hereunder by Lender, any Borrower or Operating Lessee to serve as Manager (i) shall be either (A) the Remington Manager provided, that the Remington Manager shall manage the applicable Individual Property pursuant to the terms of the master management agreement by and among the Borrowers and the Remington Manager, or (B) a reputable management company having at least seven (7) years' experience in the management of commercial properties with similar uses as the Individual Properties and in the jurisdiction in which the Individual Properties are located 75 and (ii) shall not be paid management fees in excess of fees which are market fees for comparable managers of comparable properties in the same geographic area. (Q) Financial Reporting. (i) Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall keep and maintain or shall cause to be kept and maintained, on a Fiscal Year basis, in accordance with GAAP, books, records and accounts reflecting in reasonable detail all of the financial affairs of such Borrower or Operating Lessee, as applicable, and all items of income and expense in connection with the operation of the applicable Individual Properties and in connection with any services, equipment or furnishings provided in connection with the operation of such Individual Properties. Lender, at Lender's cost and expense, whether such income or expense may be realized by the applicable Borrower, Operating Lessee or by any other Person whatsoever, shall have the right from time to time and at all times during normal business hours upon reasonable prior written notice to such Borrower or Operating Lessee to examine such books, records and accounts at the office of such Borrower, Operating Lessee or other Person maintaining such books, records and accounts and to make such copies or extracts thereof as Lender shall desire. After the occurrence of an Event of Default, Borrowers and Operating Lessee shall pay any costs and expenses incurred by Lender to examine any and all of such Borrower's or Operating Lessee's books, records and accounts as Lender shall determine in Lender's discretion to be necessary or appropriate in the protection of Lender's interest. (ii) Borrower shall furnish to Lender annually within ninety (90) days following the end of each Fiscal Year, a true, complete, correct and accurate copy of the consolidated financials of Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. audited by a "Big Four" accounting firm or other firm reasonably acceptable to Lender accompanied by an unqualified opinion from an Independent certified public accountant acceptable to Lender in Lender's discretion, and each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall furnish financial statements and all such financial statements above shall (a) be in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Lender, (b) be prepared in accordance with GAAP, (c) include or be accompanied by without limitation, a statement of operations (profit and loss), a statement of cash flows, a calculation of Net Operating Income for all applicable Individual Properties, a balance sheet, an aged accounts receivable report and such other information or reports as shall be requested by Lender or any applicable Rating Agency, (d) be accompanied by an Officer's Certificate from a senior executive of such Borrower or Operating Lessee, as applicable, certifying as of the date thereof (x) that such statement is true, correct, complete and accurate, and fairly reflects the results of operations and financial condition of such Borrower or Operating Lessee for the relevant period, and (y) notice of whether there exists an Event of Default or Default, and if such Event of Default or Default exists, the nature thereof, the period of time it has existed and the action then being taken to remedy same. (iii) Intentionally Omitted. 76 (iv) Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall furnish to Lender within twenty (20) days following the end of each calendar month, a true, correct, complete and accurate monthly unaudited financial statement which shall (a) be in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Lender, (b) be prepared in accordance with GAAP, (c) include, without limitation, a statement of operations (profit and loss), a statement of cash flows, a calculation of Net Operating Income for all applicable Individual Properties, a consolidated balance sheet, an aged accounts receivable report and such other information or reports as shall be requested by Lender or any applicable Rating Agency and (d) be accompanied by an Officer's Certificate from a senior executive of such Borrower or Operating Lessee, as applicable, certifying as of the date thereof (x) that such statement is true, correct, complete and accurate and fairly reflects the results of operations and financial condition of such Borrower or Operating Lessee for the relevant period, and (y) notice of whether there exists an Event of Default or Default, and if such Event of Default or Default exists, the nature thereof, the period of time it has existed and the action then being taken to remedy same. (v) Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall furnish to Lender, within twenty (20) days following the end of each calendar month: (1) a true, complete, correct and accurate rent roll and occupancy report and such other occupancy and rate statistics as Lender shall reasonably request; (2) operating statements for each Individual Property, in "Microsoft Excel" format and in form and substance substantially similar to the form set forth on Exhibit J, (a) containing monthly, year-to-date and trailing-twelve-month results compared to the results for the prior year for the same periods for each Individual Property, and (b) containing monthly, year-to-date and trailing-twelve-month results compared to the results for the prior year for the same periods for the Individual Properties on a consolidated basis; (3) Smith Travel Star Reports for the applicable month for each Individual Property in "Microsoft Excel" format (if available); (4) updated quality scores for the applicable month for each Individual Property, including detailed criteria and thresholds (if any); (5) summary reports of franchise terminations, defaults, reflagging efforts and conversions for each Individual Property (if applicable); Each such document shall (a) be delivered to Lender in electronic form and in form and substance otherwise reasonably acceptable to Lender, and (b) be accompanied by an Officer's Certificate from a senior executive of each Borrower and Operating Lessee, as applicable, certifying as of the date thereof (x) that such statement is true, correct, complete and accurate and 77 (y) notice of whether there exists an Event of Default or Default, and if such Event of Default or Default exists, the nature thereof, the period of time it has existed and the action then being taken to remedy same. (vi) Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall furnish to Lender, within twenty (20) days after request, such further information with respect to the operation of all applicable Individual Properties and the financial affairs of such Borrower or Operating Lessee, as applicable, as may be reasonably requested by Lender including, without limitation, all business plans prepared for such Borrower or Operating Lessee and for the operation of all such Individual Properties. (vii) Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall furnish to Lender, within twenty (20) days after request, such further information regarding any Plan or Multiemployer Plan and any reports or other information required to be filed under ERISA as may be requested by Lender. (viii) Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall, concurrently with such Borrower's or Operating Lessee's delivery to Lender, provide a copy of the items required to be delivered to Lender under this Section 5.1(Q) to the Rating Agencies, the trustee, and any servicer and/or special servicer that may be retained in conjunction with the Loan or any Secondary Market Transaction. Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall furnish to Lender written notice, within two (2) Business Days after receipt by such Borrower or Operating Lessee, as applicable, of any Rents or other items of Gross Revenue that any Borrower or Operating Lessee is not required by this Agreement to deposit in any Collection Account, Cash Collateral Account, together with such other documents and materials relating to such Rents or other items of Gross Revenue as Lender reasonably requests. (ix) Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall provide Lender with updated information (reasonably satisfactory to Lender) concerning its related Basic Carrying Costs for the next succeeding Fiscal Year prior to the termination of each Fiscal Year. (x) Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall furnish to Lender annually no less than thirty (30) days prior to the beginning of each Fiscal Year, a true, complete, correct and accurate copy of such Borrower's or Operating Lessee's draft annual capital and operating budget for each such Borrower's or Operating Lessee's Individual Property (each, an "Approved Budget"), which Approved Budgets shall be subject to Lender's prior review and approval, which may be granted or withheld in Lender's sole and absolute discretion. Borrowers and Operating Lessee shall promptly revise and resubmit to Lender, for Lender's review and approval, any draft annual capital and operating budget to which Lender has objected and requested revisions. Until such time that Lender approves or is deemed to have approved an Approved Budget, the most recently approved Approved Budget shall apply; provided 78 that such approved Approved Budget shall be adjusted to reflect (x) matters in the proposed Approved Budget approved by Lender, (y) as to matters in the proposed Approved Budget not yet approved by Lender (i) increases for expenses actually incurred which vary in relation to gross revenues to the extent of increases in such gross revenues ("Variable Expenses"), and (ii) expenditures actually incurred which are beyond the reasonable control of Borrower such as taxes, utilities and insurance ("Uncontrollable Expenses"). Notwithstanding anything contained in the Loan Documents to the contrary, expenditures shall be deemed in compliance with and made pursuant to the Approved Budget even though such expenditures exceed the amount budgeted therefore in the Approved Budget if such expenditures are for Variable Expenses or Uncontrollable Expenses. (xi) Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall furnish to Lender such other financial information with respect to such Borrower or Operating Lessee or the applicable Manager as Lender may, from time to time reasonably request. (R) Conduct of Business. Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall cause the operation of the Individual Properties to be conducted at all times in a manner consistent with the following: (i) to maintain or cause to be maintained the standard of operations at each Individual Property at all times at a level necessary to insure a level of quality for each such Individual Property consistent with similar facilities in the same competitive market; (ii) to operate or cause to be operated each Individual Property in a prudent manner in compliance in all material respects with applicable Legal Requirements and Insurance Requirements relating thereto and cause all licenses, Permits, and any other agreements necessary for the continued use and operation of each Individual Property to remain in effect except to the extent the failure thereof would not have a Material Adverse Affect; and (iii) to maintain or cause to be maintained sufficient inventory and equipment of types and quantities at each Individual Property to enable Borrowers or the applicable Manager to operate the Individual Properties. (S) ERISA. (a) Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall deliver to Lender as soon as possible, and in any event within ten (10) days after such Borrower or Operating Lessee knows or has reason to believe that any of the events or conditions specified below with respect to any Plan or Multiemployer Plan has occurred or exists, a statement signed by a senior financial officer of such Borrower setting forth details respecting such event or condition and the action, if any, that such Borrower, Operating Lessee or its ERISA Affiliate proposes to take with respect thereto (and a copy of any report or notice required to be filed with 79 or given to PBGC by such Borrower, Operating Lessee or an ERISA Affiliate with respect to such event or condition): (ii) any reportable event, as defined in Section 4043(b) of ERISA and the regulations issued thereunder, with respect to a Plan, as to which PBGC has not by regulation waived the requirement of Section 4043(a) of ERISA that it be notified within 30 days of the occurrence of such event (provided that a failure to meet the minimum funding standard of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA, including, without limitation, the failure to make on or before its due date a required installment under Section 412(m) of the Code or Section 302(e) of ERISA, shall be a reportable event regardless of the issuance of any waivers in accordance with Section 412(d) of the Code); and any request for a waiver under Section 412(d) of the Code for any Plan; (iii) the distribution under Section 4041 of ERISA of a notice of intent to terminate any Plan or any action taken by Borrower, Operating Lessee or an ERISA Affiliate to terminate any Plan; (iv) the institution by PBGC of proceedings under Section 4042 of ERISA for the termination of, or the appointment of a trustee to administer, any Plan, or the receipt by any Borrower, Operating Lessee or any ERISA Affiliate of a notice from a Multiemployer Plan that such action has been taken by PBGC with respect to such Multiemployer Plan; (v) the complete or partial withdrawal from a Multiemployer Plan by any Borrower, Operating Lessee or any ERISA Affiliate that results in liability under Section 4201 or 4204 of ERISA (including the obligation to satisfy secondary liability as a result of a purchaser default) or the receipt by any Borrower, Operating Lessee or any ERISA Affiliate of notice from a Multiemployer Plan that it is in reorganization or insolvency pursuant to Section 4241 or 4245 of ERISA or that it intends to terminate or has terminated under Section 4041A of ERISA; (vi) the institution of a proceeding by a fiduciary of any Multiemployer Plan against any Borrower, Operating Lessee or any ERISA Affiliate to enforce Section 515 of ERISA, which proceeding is not dismissed within thirty (30) days; (vii) the adoption of an amendment to any Plan that, pursuant to Section 401(a)(29) of the Code or Section 307 of ERISA, would result in the loss of tax-exempt status of the trust of which such Plan is a part if any Borrower, Operating Lessee or an ERISA Affiliate fails to timely provide security to the Plan in accordance with the provisions of said Sections; and (viii) the imposition of a lien or a security interest in connection with a Plan. 80 (b) No Borrower or Operating Lessee shall engage in any transaction which would cause any obligation, or action taken or to be taken, hereunder (or the exercise by Lender of any of its rights under the Notes, this Agreement or the other Loan Documents) to be a non-exempt (under a statutory or administrative class exemption) prohibited transaction under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"). (c) Each applicable Borrower and Operating Lessee hereby certifies and shall deliver to Lender such certifications or other evidence from time to time throughout the term of the Loan, as reasonably requested by Lender, that (A) such Borrower or Operating Lessee is not an "employee benefit plan" as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA, which is subject to Title I of ERISA, a "plan" as defined in Section 4975 of the Code, which is subject to Section 4975 of the Code, or a "governmental plan" within the meaning of Section 3(32) of ERISA; (B) such Borrower or Operating Lessee is not subject to state statutes regulating investments and fiduciary obligations with respect to governmental plans or, if such Borrower is subject to such statutes, such statutes do not in any manner affect the ability of the such Borrower or Operating Lessee to perform its obligations under the Loan Documents or the ability of Lender to enforce any and all of its rights under the Loan Agreement; and (C) one or more of the following circumstances is true: (i) Equity interests in such Borrower or Operating Lessee are publicly offered securities, within the meaning of 29 C.F.R. Section 2510.3-101(b)(2); (ii) Less than twenty-five percent of each outstanding class of equity interests in such Borrower or Operating Lessee are held by "benefit plan investors" within the meaning of 29 C.F.R. Section 2510.3-101(f)(2); or (iii) such Borrower or Operating Lessee qualifies as an "operating company" within the meaning of 29 C.F.R. Section 2510.3-101(c). (d) If an investor or equity owner in any Borrower or Operating Lessee is (directly or indirectly) a plan that is not subject to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, but is subject to the provisions of any federal, state, local, non-U.S. or other laws or regulations that are similar to those portions of ERISA or the Code (collectively, "Other Plan Laws"), the assets of such Borrower or Operating Lessee shall not constitute the assets of such plan under such Other Plan Laws. (T) Single Purpose Entity. Each Borrower, each SPE Equity Owner and Operating Lessee shall at all times be a Single-Purpose Entity, subject to the qualifications set forth in Section 4.1(C) regarding Pre-Existing Borrowers. (U) Trade Indebtedness. Each Borrower and Operating Lessee will pay its trade payables within sixty (60) days of the date incurred, unless such Borrower or Operating Lessee is in good faith contesting such Borrower's obligation to pay such trade payables in a manner reasonably satisfactory to Lender (which may include Lender's requirement that such Borrower or Operating Lessee post security with respect to the contested trade payable). (V) Capital Improvements and Environmental Remediation. Borrowers shall, within time periods set forth on Exhibit B hereto, perform the repairs and 81 environmental remediation to the Individual Properties itemized on Exhibit B hereto. Furthermore, Borrowers shall diligently perform, or cause to be performed, in a timely and workmanlike manner all repairs, maintenance and capital improvements contemplated by and itemized in the Approved Budget. (W) PIP Requirements. Borrowers shall, within the time periods set forth on Exhibit I attached hereto, complete all work required to be performed in the Property Improvement Plans existing on the Closing Date for each Individual Property (collectively, the "PIP Work"). In the event that all PIP Work is not fully completed on the date that is 9 calendar months following the Closing Date, in addition to and without limiting any other right or remedy of Lender pursuant to any Loan Document, Borrowers shall pay to Lender on such date for deposit in the PIP Reserve Sub-Account an amount that, when added to the funds already in the PIP Reserve Sub-Account at such time, is equal to the aggregate PIP Costs for the PIP Work that has not been completed in all material respects. (X) Compliance with Anti-Terrorism, Embargo, Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Laws. Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall comply with all Legal Requirements relating to money laundering, anti-terrorism, trade embargoes and economic sanctions, now or hereafter in effect. Upon Lender's request from time to time during the term of the Loan, each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall certify in writing to Lender that such Borrower's or Operating Lessee's, as applicable, representations, warranties and obligations under Section 4.1(OO) and this Section remain true and correct and have not been breached. Each Borrower and Operating Lessee shall immediately notify Lender in writing if any representations, warranties or covenants are no longer true or have been breached or if such Borrower or Operating Lessee has a reasonable basis to believe that they may no longer be true or have been breached. In connection with such an event, such Borrower or Operating Lessee shall comply with all Legal Requirements and directives of Governmental Authorities and, at Lender's request, provide to Lender copies of all notices, reports and other communications exchanged with, or received from, Governmental Authorities relating to such an event. Borrowers and Operating Lessee shall also promptly reimburse to Lender any and all costs and expenses incurred by Lender in evaluating the effect of such an event on the Loan and Lender's interest in the collateral for the Loan, in obtaining any necessary license from Governmental Authorities as may be necessary for Lender to enforce its rights under the Loan Documents, and in complying with all Legal Requirements applicable to Lender as the result of the existence of such an event and for any penalties or fines imposed upon Lender as a result thereof. ARTICLE 6 NEGATIVE COVENANTS Section 6.1. Borrower Negative Covenants 82 Each Borrower and Operating Lessee covenants and agrees that, until payment in full of the Indebtedness, it will not do, directly or indirectly, any of the following unless Lender consents thereto in writing: (A) Liens on the Property. Incur, create, assume, become or be liable in any manner with respect to, or permit to exist, any Lien with respect to any Individual Property or any portion thereof, except: (i) Liens in favor of Lender, and (ii) the Permitted Encumbrances. (B) Transfer. Except as expressly permitted by or pursuant to this Agreement, any Mortgage or the other Loan Documents (except as otherwise approved by Lender in writing in Lender's discretion), allow any Transfer to occur or modify, change, supplement, alter, amend, fail to comply with or terminate the Management Agreement or any Operating Lease, or enter into a new Management Agreement or any Operating Lease, with respect to any Individual Property except as permitted under this Agreement. (C) Other Borrowings. Incur, unsecured trade payables (not evidenced by a promissory note) incurred in the ordinary course of business relating to the ownership and operation of the applicable Borrower's and Operating Lessee's Individual Properties which when aggregated with the unsecured trade payables of all other Borrowers and Operating Lessee do not exceed, at any time, a maximum amount of two and one-half percent (2.5%) of the Loan Amount and are paid within sixty (60) days of the date incurred, create, assume, become or be liable in any manner with respect to Other Borrowings. (D) Change In Business. Cease to be a Single-Purpose Entity or make any material change in the scope or nature of its business objectives, purposes or operations, or undertake or participate in activities other than the continuance of its present business. (E) Debt Cancellation. Cancel or otherwise forgive or release any material claim or debt owed to the Borrower by any Person, except for adequate consideration or in the ordinary course of such Borrower's and Operating Lessee's business or otherwise if such cancellation, release or forgiveness is prudent and commercially reasonable. (F) Affiliate Transactions. Except as otherwise permitted under the Loan Documents, enter into, or be a party to, any transaction with an Affiliate of any Borrower or Operating Lessee, except in the ordinary course of business and on terms which are no less favorable to such Borrower, Operating Lessee or such Affiliate than would be obtained in a comparable arm's length transaction with an unrelated third party, and, if the amount to be paid to the Affiliate pursuant to the transaction or series of related transactions is greater than Fifty Thousand Dollars ($50,000.00) (determined annually on an aggregate basis) fully disclosed to Lender in advance. (G) Creation of Easements. Create, or permit any Individual Property or any part thereof to become subject to, any easement, license or restrictive covenant, 83 other than a Permitted Encumbrance. Without limiting the generality of the immediately preceding sentence, no Borrower shall enter into, consent to, grant, amend, modify, restate or supplement any document, instrument or agreement affecting, related to or impacting upon any Individual Property, the title thereto or any portion or aspect thereof, including, without limitation, any easement, reciprocal easement agreement, or any declaration of easements or covenants other than a Permitted Encumbrance. (H) Certain Restrictions. Enter into any agreement which expressly restricts the ability of any Borrower or Operating Lessee to enter into amendments, modifications or waivers of any of the Loan Documents. (I) Issuance of Equity Interests. Issue or allow to be created any stocks or shares or shareholder, partnership or membership interests, as applicable, or other ownership interests other than the stocks, shares, shareholder, partnership or membership interests and other ownership interests which are outstanding or exist on the Closing Date or any security or other instrument which by its terms is convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for stock, shares, shareholder, partnership or membership interests or other ownership interests in any Borrower or Operating Lessee. No Borrower or Operating Lessee shall allow to be issued or created any stock in any Borrower's or Operating Lessee's general partner or managing member, as applicable, other than the stock which is outstanding or existing on the Closing Date or any security or other instrument which by its terms is convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for any stock in such Borrower's general partner or managing member, as applicable. (J) Assignment of Licenses and Permits. Assign or transfer any of its interest in any Permits pertaining to any Individual Property, or assign, transfer or remove or permit any other Person to assign, transfer or remove any records pertaining to any Individual Property without Lender's prior written consent which consent may be granted or refused in Lender's discretion. (K) Place of Business. Change its chief executive office or its principal place of business or place where its books and records are kept without giving Lender at least thirty (30) days' prior written notice thereof and promptly providing Lender such information as Lender may reasonably request in connection therewith. ARTICLE 7 DEFAULTS Section 7.1. Event of Default The occurrence of one or more of the following events shall be an "Event of Default" hereunder: (i) if on any Payment Date the funds in the Debt Service Payment Sub-Account are insufficient to pay the Required Debt Service Payment due on 84 such Payment Date and the Borrowers fail to pay such insufficiency on such Payment Date; provided that Borrowers shall have an additional two Business Days past the related Payment Date to make any such payment, but only once during any twelve month period; (ii) intentionally omitted; (iii) if the Borrowers fail to pay the outstanding Indebtedness on the Maturity Date; (iv) if on any Payment Date the Borrowers fail to pay the Basic Carrying Costs Monthly Installment, the Capital Reserve Monthly Installment, the Cash Collateral Account Bank Fees or the Ground Rents Monthly Installment due on such Payment Date; provided that Borrowers shall have an additional two Business Days past the related Payment Date to make any such payment, but only once during any twelve month period; (v) if on the date any payment of a Basic Carrying Cost would become delinquent, the funds in the Basic Carrying Costs Sub-Account together with any funds in the Cash Collateral Account not allocated to another Sub-Account are insufficient to make such payment and Borrower has not otherwise paid such Basic Carrying Cost or funded such shortfall to Lender; provided that Borrowers shall have an additional two Business Days past the related Payment Date to make any such payment, but only once during any twelve month period; (vi) the occurrence of the events identified elsewhere in the Loan Documents as constituting an "Event of Default"; (vii) any breach of Sections 2.11(a), 2.11(b), 2.11(e), Section 2.14, Section 5.1(T), Section 5.1(V), Section 5.1(W), Section 5.1(X), Section 6.1(B); (viii) intentionally omitted; (ix) if any material event of default shall continue beyond the expiration of any applicable notice or cure period with respect to Ashford Bucks County LLC's obligations under the Declaration; (x) if any Borrower fails to pay any other amount payable pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document within two (2) Business Days of the date when due and payable in accordance with the provisions hereof or thereof, as the case may be; (xi) if any representation or warranty made herein by Borrowers or Operating Lessee or in any other Loan Document, or in any report, certificate, financial statement or other Instrument, agreement or document furnished by any 85 Borrower or Operating Lessee in connection with this Agreement, the Notes or any other Loan Document executed and delivered by such Borrower or Operating Lessee, as applicable, shall be false in any material respect as of the date such representation or warranty was made or remade; (xii) if any Borrower, any of such Borrower's partners or members, as applicable, Operating Lessee, or any SPE Equity Owner makes an assignment for the benefit of creditors; (xiii) if a receiver, liquidator or trustee shall be appointed for any Borrower, any of such Borrower's partners, members or shareholders, as applicable, or any SPE Equity Owner or if any Borrower, any of such Borrower's partners, members or shareholders, as applicable, Operating Lessee or any SPE Equity Owner shall be adjudicated as bankrupt or insolvent, or if any petition for bankruptcy, reorganization or arrangement pursuant to federal bankruptcy law, or any similar federal or state law, shall be filed by or against, consented to, or acquiesced in by such Borrower, any of such Borrower's partners, members or shareholders, as applicable, Operating Lessee or any SPE Equity Owner or if any proceeding for the dissolution or liquidation of such Borrower, any of such Borrower's partners, members or shareholders, as applicable, Operating Lessee or any SPE Equity Owner shall be instituted; provided, however, that if such appointment, adjudication, petition or proceeding was involuntary and not consented to by such Borrower, any of such Borrower's partners, members or shareholders, as applicable, Operating Lessee or any SPE Equity Owner as the case may be, upon the same not being discharged, stayed or dismissed within ninety (90) days; or if such Borrower, any of such Borrower's partners, members or shareholders, as applicable, Operating Lessee or any SPE Equity Owner shall generally not be paying its debts as they become due; (xiv) if any Borrower or Operating Lessee attempts to delegate its obligations or assign its rights under this Agreement, any of the other Loan Documents or any interest herein or therein; (xv) if any provision of any organizational document of any Borrower, Operating Lessee or any SPE Equity Owner is amended or modified in any respect, or if any Borrower, Operating Lessee, any SPE Equity Owner or any of their respective partners, members, or shareholders as applicable, fails to perform or enforce the provisions of such organizational documents or attempts to dissolve any Borrower, Operating Lessee or any SPE Equity Owner; or if any Borrower, Operating Lessee or any SPE Equity Owner or any of their respective partners, members or shareholders, as applicable, breaches any of the covenants set forth in Sections 5.1(T), or 6.1(D); (xvi) if any Borrower, SPE Equity Owner or Operating Lessee enters into any interest rate cap protection agreement, interest rate swap, interest rate hedge agreement or any similar agreement other than the Interest Rate Cap Agreement or unless consented to by Lender in its sole discretion; 86 (xvii) if an event or condition specified in Section 5.1(S) shall occur or exist with respect to any Plan, Multiemployer Plan or plan and, as a result of such event or condition, together with all other such events or conditions, Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate or any affiliate shall incur or in the opinion of Lender shall be reasonably likely to incur a liability to a Plan, a Multiemployer Plan, PBGC or plan (or any combination of the foregoing) which would constitute, in the determination of Lender, a Material Adverse Effect; (xviii) if without Lender's prior written consent (A) any Manager resigns or is removed or is replaced, (B) intentionally omitted, (C) any Management Agreement is entered into for any Individual Property or (D) there is any change in or termination of any Management Agreement for any Individual Property; (xix) if without Lender's prior written consent (A) any Franchisor resigns or is removed or is replaced, or (B) any Franchise Agreement is entered into for any Individual Property or (C) there is any material change in or termination of any Franchise Agreement for any Individual Property; (xx) if without Lender's prior written consent (A) any Operating Lessee resigns or is removed or is replaced, (B) intentionally omitted, (C) any Operating Lease is entered into for any Individual Property or (D) there is any change in or termination of any Operating Lease; (xxi) if any Borrower or Operating Lessee shall be in default under any of the other obligations, agreements, undertakings, terms, covenants, provisions or conditions of this Agreement, the Notes, any Mortgage or the other Loan Documents, not otherwise referred to in this Section 7.1, for ten (10) days after written notice to any Borrower from Lender or its successors or assigns, in the case of any default which can be cured by the payment of a commercially reasonable sum of money or for thirty (30) days after written notice from Lender or its successors or assigns, in the case of any other default (unless otherwise provided herein or in such other Loan Document); provided, however, that if such non-monetary default under this subparagraph is susceptible of cure but cannot reasonably be cured within such thirty (30) day period and provided further that such Borrower shall have commenced to cure such default within such thirty (30) day period and thereafter diligently and expeditiously proceeds to cure the same, such thirty (30) day period shall be extended for such time as is reasonably necessary for such Borrower in the exercise of due diligence to cure such default, but in no event shall such period exceed ninety (90) days after the original notice from Lender; (xxii) if any Operating Lessee is in default beyond any applicable notice or cure period under the applicable Operating Lease; (xxiii) if an "Event of Default" shall occur under any Subordination, Attornment and Security Agreement; and 87 (xxiv) if (A) Subject to Section 2.11(e)(v) hereof, Borrower shall fail in the payment of any Ground Rents as and when such rent or other charge is payable (unless waived by the lessor under the applicable Ground Lease), (B) there shall occur any default after the expiration of any notice and cure periods contained in the applicable Ground Lease by Borrower, as tenant under any Ground Lease, in the observance or performance of any term, covenant or condition of any Ground Lease on the part of Borrower, to be observed or performed (unless waived by the lessor under the applicable Ground Lease), (C) if any one or more of the events referred to in any Ground Lease shall occur which would cause such Ground Lease to terminate without notice or action by the lessor under such Ground Lease or which would entitle the lessor to terminate such Ground Lease and the term thereof by giving notice to Borrower, as tenant thereunder (unless waived by the lessor under the applicable Ground Lease), (D) if the leasehold estate created by any Ground Lease shall be surrendered or such Ground Lease shall be terminated or canceled for any reason or under any circumstances or (E) if any of the terms, covenants or conditions of any Ground Lease shall in any manner be modified, changed, supplemented, altered, or amended without the prior written consent of Lender. (xxv) if any of the assumptions set forth in that certain non-consolidation opinion from the Borrowers' counsel to Lender dated as of the date hereof shall be untrue in any material respect. (xxvi) Borrower's failure to complete all PIP Work in all material respects on or before the earlier of (i) the date that is 15 calendar months from the Closing Date and (ii) the date any franchisor under any Franchise Agreement declares an event of default in connection with Borrower's PIP Work. Section 7.2. Remedies (a) Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, all or any one or more of the rights, powers and other remedies available to Lender against Borrowers or any Borrower under this Agreement, the Notes, any Mortgages or any of the other Loan Documents, or at law or in equity may be exercised by Lender at any time and from time to time (including, without limitation, the right to accelerate and declare the outstanding principal amount, unpaid interest, Default Rate interest, Late Charges, Prepayment Premium and any other amounts owing by such Borrower to be immediately due and payable), without notice or demand, whether or not all or any portion of the Indebtedness shall be declared due and payable, and whether or not Lender shall have commenced any foreclosure proceeding or other action for the enforcement of its rights and remedies under any of the Loan Documents with respect to all or any portion of the Collateral. Any such actions taken by Lender shall be cumulative and concurrent and may be pursued independently, singly, successively, together or otherwise, at such time and in such order as Lender may determine in its discretion, to the fullest extent permitted by law, without impairing or otherwise affecting the other rights and remedies of Lender permitted by law, equity or contract or as set forth herein or in the other Loan Documents. Notwithstanding anything contained to the contrary herein, the outstanding 88 principal amount, unpaid interest, Default Rate interest, Late Charges, Prepayment Premium and any other amounts owing by any Borrower shall be accelerated and immediately due and payable, without any election by Lender upon the occurrence of an Event of Default described in Section 7.1(xii) or Section 7.1 (xiii). Notwithstanding that this Agreement may refer to a continuing Event of Default, and without limiting any Borrower's right to cure a Default which may, with the passage of time, become an Event of Default, no Borrower shall have any right pursuant to this Agreement to cure any Event of Default unless permitted by Lender in writing. Section 7.3. Remedies Cumulative The rights, powers and remedies of Lender under this Agreement shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any other right, power or remedy which Lender may have against any Borrower or any other Person pursuant to this Agreement or the other Loan Documents executed by or with respect to any Borrower or any other Person, or existing at law or in equity or otherwise. Lender's rights, powers and remedies may be pursued singly, concurrently or otherwise, at such time and in such order as Lender may determine in Lender's discretion. No delay or omission to exercise any remedy, right or power accruing upon an Event of Default shall impair any such remedy, right or power or shall be construed as a waiver thereof, but any such remedy, right or power may be exercised from time to time and as often as may be deemed expedient. A waiver of any Default or Event of Default shall not be construed to be a waiver of any subsequent Default or Event of Default or to impair any remedy, right or power consequent thereon. Any and all of Lender's rights with respect to the Collateral shall continue unimpaired, and each Borrower shall be and remain obligated in accordance with the terms hereof, notwithstanding (i) the release or substitution of Collateral at any time, or of any rights or interest therein or (ii) any delay, extension of time, renewal, compromise or other indulgence granted by Lender in the event of any Default or Event of Default with respect to the Collateral or otherwise hereunder. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, but subject to Section 8.14 hereof, Lender reserves the right to seek a deficiency judgment or preserve a deficiency claim, in connection with the foreclosure of any or all Mortgages, to the extent necessary to foreclose on other parts of the Collateral. Section 7.4. Lender's Right to Perform If any Borrower fails to perform any covenant or obligation contained herein and such failure shall continue for a period of (5) five Business Days after such Borrower's receipt of written notice thereof from Lender, without in any way limiting Section 7.1 hereof, Lender may, but shall have no obligation to, itself perform, or cause performance of, such covenant or obligation, and the expenses of Lender incurred in connection therewith shall be payable by Borrowers to Lender upon demand. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Lender shall have no obligation to send notice to such Borrower of any such failure. ARTICLE 8 MISCELLANEOUS 89 Section 8.1. Survival Subject to Section 4.2, this Agreement and all covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made herein and in the certificates delivered pursuant hereto shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the execution and delivery by Borrowers to Lender of the Notes, and shall continue in full force and effect so long as any portion of the Indebtedness is outstanding and unpaid. Whenever in this Agreement any of the parties hereto is referred to, such reference shall be deemed to include the successors and assigns of any such party. All covenants, promises and agreements in this Agreement contained, by or on behalf of Borrower, shall inure to the benefit of the respective successors and assigns of Lender. Nothing in this Agreement or in any other Loan Document, express or implied, shall give to any Person other than the parties and the holder(s) of the Notes and the other Loan Documents, and their legal representatives, successors and assigns, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim hereunder. Section 8.2. Lender's Discretion Whenever pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document, Lender exercises any right, option or election given to Lender to approve or disapprove, or consent or withhold consent, or any arrangement or term is to be satisfactory to Lender or is to be in Lender's discretion, the decision of Lender to approve or disapprove, consent or withhold consent, or to decide whether arrangements or terms are satisfactory or not satisfactory or acceptable or not acceptable to Lender in Lender's discretion, shall (except as is otherwise specifically herein provided) be in the sole and absolute discretion of Lender. Whenever pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document (a) the Rating Agencies are given any right to approve or disapprove, (b) confirmation is required from the Rating Agencies that an action will not result in a downgrade or withdrawal of the ratings in a Secondary Market Transaction or (c) any arrangement or term is to be satisfactory to the Rating Agencies, the approval of Lender shall be substituted therefore prior to the date that all or any portion of the Loan is included in a REMIC, among other things, Lender's reasonable determination of Rating Agency criteria. Section 8.3. Governing Law (a) The proceeds of the Notes delivered pursuant hereto were disbursed from New York, which State the parties agree has a substantial relationship to the parties and to the underlying transaction embodied hereby, and in all respects, including, without limitation, matters of construction, validity and performance, this Agreement and the obligations arising hereunder shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York applicable to contracts made and performed in such State and any applicable law of the United States of America. To the fullest extent permitted by law, each Borrower hereby unconditionally and irrevocably waives any claim to assert that the law of any other jurisdiction governs this Agreement and the Notes, and this Agreement and the Notes shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York pursuant to Section 5-1401 of the New York General Obligations Law. 90 (b) ANY LEGAL SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING AGAINST ANY BORROWER ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE INSTITUTED IN ANY FEDERAL OR STATE COURT IN NEW YORK, NEW YORK, PURSUANT TO SECTION 5-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW OR IN ANY FEDERAL OR STATE COURT IN THE JURISDICTION IN WHICH THE COLLATERAL IS LOCATED, AND EACH BORROWER WAIVES ANY OBJECTION WHICH IT MAY NOW OR HEREAFTER HAVE TO THE LAYING OF VENUE OF ANY EACH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING, AND EACH BORROWER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE JURISDICTION OF ANY EACH COURT IN ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING. EACH BORROWER DOES HEREBY DESIGNATE AND APPOINT CSC NETWORKS, 500 CENTRAL AVENUE, ALBANY, NEW YORK, 12206-2290, AS ITS AUTHORIZED AGENT TO ACCEPT AND ACKNOWLEDGE ON ITS BEHALF SERVICE OF ANY AND ALL PROCESS WHICH MAY BE SERVED IN ANY EACH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IN ANY FEDERAL OR STATE COURT AND AGREES THAT SERVICE OF PROCESS UPON SAID AGENT AT SAID ADDRESS (OR AT EACH OTHER OFFICE AS MAY BE DESIGNATED BY EACH BORROWER FROM TIME TO TIME IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS HEREOF) WITH A COPY TO EACH BORROWER AT ITS PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES, ATTENTION: GENERAL COUNSEL AND WRITTEN NOTICE OF SAID SERVICE OF EACH BORROWER MAILED OR DELIVERED TO EACH BORROWER IN THE MANNER PROVIDED HEREIN SHALL BE DEEMED IN EVERY RESPECT EFFECTIVE SERVICE OF PROCESS UPON BORROWER, IN ANY EACH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING. EACH BORROWER (I) SHALL GIVE PROMPT NOTICE TO LENDER OF ANY CHANGED ADDRESS OF ITS AUTHORIZED AGENT HEREUNDER, (II) MAY AT ANY TIME AND FROM TIME TO TIME DESIGNATE A SUBSTITUTE AUTHORIZED AGENT (WHICH OFFICE SHALL BE DESIGNATED AS THE ADDRESS FOR SERVICE OF PROCESS), AND (III) SHALL PROMPTLY DESIGNATE EACH A SUBSTITUTE IF ITS AUTHORIZED AGENT CEASES TO HAVE AN OFFICE OR IS DISSOLVED WITHOUT LEAVING A SUCCESSOR. Section 8.4. Modification, Waiver in Writing No modification, amendment, extension, discharge, termination or waiver of any provision of this Agreement, the Notes or any other Loan Document, or consent to any departure by any Borrower therefrom, shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be in a writing signed by the party against whom enforcement is sought, and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance, and for the purpose, for which given. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, no notice to or demand on any Borrower shall entitle such Borrower to any other or future notice or demand in the same, similar or other circumstances. Section 8.5. Delay Not a Waiver Neither any failure nor any delay on the part of Lender in insisting upon strict performance of any term, condition, covenant or agreement, or exercising any right, power, 91 remedy or privilege hereunder, or under the Notes, or of any other Loan Document, or any other instrument given as security herefore, shall operate as or constitute a waiver thereof, nor shall a single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other future exercise, or the exercise of any other right, power, remedy or privilege. In particular, and not by way of limitation, by accepting payment after the due date of any amount payable under this Agreement, the Notes or any other Loan Document, Lender shall not be deemed to have waived any right either to require prompt payment when due of all other amounts due under this Agreement, the Notes or the other Loan Documents, or to declare a default for failure to effect prompt payment of any such other amount. Section 8.6. Notices All notices, consents, approvals and requests required or permitted hereunder or under any other Loan Document shall be given in writing and shall be effective for all purposes if hand delivered or sent by (a) hand delivery, with proof of attempted delivery, (b) certified or registered United States mail, postage prepaid, (c) expedited prepaid delivery service, either commercial or United States Postal Service, with proof of attempted delivery, or (d) by telecopier (with answerback acknowledged) provided that such telecopied notice must also be delivered by one of the means set forth in (a), (b) or (c) above, addressed to the parties as follows: If to Lender: Merrill Lynch Mortgage Lending, Inc. 4 World Financial Center, 16th Floor New York, New York 10080 Attn: Robert Spinna Telecopier: 212-449-7684 If to Lender: Merrill Lynch Capital, a Division of Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services, Inc. 222 North LaSalle Street 16th Floor Chicago, IL 60601 Attn: Vice President, Real Estate Portfolio Manager Telecopier: 312-499-3026 with a copy to: Dechert LLP One Market Street Spear Tower, Suite 1600 San Francisco, CA 94105 Attn: Joseph B. Heil, Esquire Telecopier: 415-262-4555 If to Borrower: [Applicable Borrower] c/o Ashford Hospitality Trust 92 14185 Dallas Parkway Suite 1100 Dallas, TX 75254 Attn: David Brooks, Esquire Telecopier: (972) 490-9605 with a copy to: Andrews Kurth LLP 1717 Main Street, Suite 3700 Dallas, Texas 75201 Attn: Brigitte Kimichik, Esquire Telecopier: (214) 659-4764 A party receiving a notice which does not comply with the technical requirements for notice under this Section 8.6 may elect to waive any deficiencies and treat the notice as having been properly given. A notice shall be deemed to have been given: (a) in the case of hand delivery, at the time of delivery; (b) in the case of registered or certified mail, when delivered or the first attempted delivery on a Business Day; (c) in the case of expedited prepaid delivery upon the first attempted delivery on a Business Day; or (d) in the case of telecopier, upon receipt of answerback confirmation, provided that such telecopied notice was also delivered as required in this Section 8.6. All notices given by Lender hereunder that are effective against any Borrower shall be deemed effective against all Borrowers. Any notice given to Lender by any Borrower hereunder shall be deemed binding against all Borrowers. Section 8.7. Trial By Jury EACH BORROWER AND LENDER, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT THAT THEY MAY LAWFULLY DO SO, HEREBY WAIVE TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY TORT ACTION, BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY HERETO WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT, THE NOTE OR THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS. Section 8.8. Headings The Article and Section headings in this Agreement are included herein for convenience of reference only and shall not constitute a part of this Agreement for any other purpose. Section 8.9. Assignment Lender shall have the right to assign in whole or in part this Agreement and/or any of the other Loan Documents and the obligations hereunder or thereunder to any Person and to participate all or any portion of the Loan evidenced hereby, including without limitation, any servicer or trustee in connection with a Secondary Market Transaction. Lender shall provide any 93 Borrower with written notice of any such assignment; provided, however, that such notice shall not be a condition of Lender's right to assign this Agreement and/or any of the Loan Documents and the failure to deliver such notice shall not constitute a default under this Loan Agreement. At the option of Lender, the Loan may be serviced by a servicer and\or trustee selected by Lender and Lender may delegate all or any portion of its responsibilities under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to such servicer and\or trustee pursuant to a servicing agreement between Lender and such servicer and\or trustee. Section 8.10. Severability Wherever possible, each provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Agreement shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provision or the remaining provisions of this Agreement. Section 8.11. Preferences Lender shall have no obligation to marshal any assets in favor of any Borrower or any other party or against or in payment of any or all of the obligations of any Borrower pursuant to this Agreement, the Notes or any other Loan Document. Lender shall have the continuing and exclusive right to apply or reverse and reapply any and all payments by any Borrower to any portion of the obligations of any Borrower hereunder. To the extent any Borrower makes a payment or payments to Lender for any Borrower's benefit, which payment or proceeds or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside or required to be repaid to a trustee, receiver or any other party under any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause, then, to the extent of such payment or proceeds received, the obligations hereunder or part thereof intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continue in full force and effect, as if such payment or proceeds had not been received by Lender. Section 8.12. Waiver of Notice No Borrower shall be entitled to any notices of any nature whatsoever from Lender except with respect to matters for which this Agreement or the other Loan Documents specifically and expressly provide for the giving of notice by Lender to such Borrower and except with respect to matters for which such Borrower is not, pursuant to applicable Legal Requirements, permitted to waive the giving of notice. Each Borrower hereby expressly waives the right to receive any notice from Lender with respect to any matter for which this Agreement or the other Loan Documents does not specifically and expressly provide for the giving of notice by Lender to such Borrower. Section 8.13. Remedies of Borrower 94 In the event that a claim or adjudication is made that Lender or its agents, has acted unreasonably or unreasonably delayed acting in any case where by law or under this Agreement, the Notes, any Mortgage or the other Loan Documents, Lender or such agent, as the case may be, has an obligation to act reasonably or promptly, Borrower agrees that neither Lender nor its agents, shall be liable for any monetary damages, and each Borrower's sole remedies shall be limited to commencing an action seeking injunctive relief or declaratory judgment. The parties hereto agree that any action or proceeding to determine whether Lender has acted reasonably shall be determined by an action seeking declaratory judgment. Section 8.14. Exculpation Except as otherwise set forth in this Section 8.14 and Section 4.2 to the contrary, Lender shall not enforce the liability and obligation of any Borrower or Operating Lessee to perform and observe the obligations contained in this Agreement, the Notes, any Mortgage or any of the other Loan Documents executed and delivered by any Borrower or Operating Lessee except that Lender may pursue any power of sale, bring a foreclosure action, action for specific performance, action for money judgment, or other appropriate action or proceeding (including, without limitation, to obtain a deficiency judgment) against any or all Borrowers, or Operating Lessee or any other Person solely for the purpose of enabling Lender to realize upon (a) any Collateral, and (b) any Rents to the extent (x) received by any Borrower or any Manager (or any of their affiliates), after the occurrence of an Event of Default or (y) distributed to any Borrower, Operating Lessee or any Manager, or their respective shareholders, or partners or members, as applicable, or affiliates during or with respect to any period for which Lender did not receive the full amounts it was entitled to receive as prepayments of the Loan pursuant to Section 2.6(b) (all Rents covered by clauses (x) and (y) being hereinafter referred to as the "Recourse Distributions") and (c)) any other collateral given to Lender under the Loan Documents ((a), (b), and (c) collectively, the "Default Collateral"); provided, however, that any judgment in any action or proceeding shall be enforceable only to the extent of any Default Collateral. The provisions of this Section 8.14 shall not, however, (a) impair the validity of the Indebtedness evidenced by the Loan Documents or in any way affect or impair the Liens of any Mortgage or any of the other Loan Documents or the right of Lender to foreclose any Mortgage following an Event of Default; (b) impair the right of Lender to name any Person as a party defendant in any action or suit for judicial foreclosure and sale under any Mortgage; (c) affect the validity or enforceability of the Notes, any Mortgage or the other Loan Documents; (d) impair the right of Lender to obtain the appointment of a receiver; (e) impair the right of Lender to bring suit for and recover against any Person any damages, losses, expenses, liabilities or costs resulting from fraud, willful misrepresentation, waste of all or any portion of any Individual Property, or wrongful removal or disposal of all or any portion of any Individual Property by any Person in connection with this Agreement, the Notes, any Mortgage or the other Loan Documents; (f) impair the right of Lender to obtain the Recourse Distributions received by any Person; (g) impair the right of Lender to bring suit for and recover against any Person with respect to any misappropriation of security deposits or Rents collected more than one (1) month in advance; (h) impair the right of Lender to obtain Insurance Proceeds or Condemnation Proceeds due to Lender pursuant to any Mortgage; (i) impair the right of Lender to enforce the provisions of 95 Sections 4.1(V) or 5.1(D) through 5.1(G), inclusive of this Agreement, Section 2.8 of each Mortgage or the Environmental Guaranty even after repayment in full by any Borrower of the Indebtedness; (j) prevent or in any way hinder Lender from exercising, or constitute a defense, or counterclaim, or other basis for relief in respect of the exercise of, any other remedy against any or all of the Collateral securing the Notes as provided in the Loan Documents; (k) impair the right of Lender to bring suit for and recover against any person with respect to any misapplication of any funds (including, without limitation, insurance proceeds and condemnation proceeds); (l) impair the right of Lender to sue for, seek or demand a deficiency judgment against any Person solely for the purpose of foreclosing on any Collateral or any part thereof, or realizing upon the Default Collateral, or (m) impair the right of Lender to bring suit for and recover against any Person any damages, losses, expenses, liabilities or costs in the event that Borrower or any Operating Lessee shall take any action of any kind or nature whatsoever, either directly or indirectly to oppose, impede, obstruct, challenge, hinder, frustrate, enjoin or otherwise interfere with (A) Lender's termination of any Operating Lease with any Operating Lessee, (B) Lender or the party acquiring any Individual Property following the occurrence of a foreclosure or deed in lieu thereof (in full substitution of the applicable Operating Lessee) being deemed the "Owner" under the Management Agreement, (C) the execution, delivery or effectiveness of a new Management Agreement directly between Lender or the party acquiring any Individual Property following a foreclosure or deed in lieu thereof and applicable Manager or (D) any payment or other transfer by any Manager of funds which would otherwise be paid to any Operating Lessee under any Operating Lease directly to Lender or the party acquiring any Individual Property following the occurrence of a foreclosure or deed in lieu thereof, in each case after or as a result of any automatic termination of the applicable Operating Lease or of Lender exercising its right to terminate the Operating Lease, in each case pursuant to the applicable Subordination, Attornment and Security Agreement and this Agreement, or shall, either directly or indirectly, cause or permit any other person to take any action which, if taken by such Operating Lessee would constitute an event described in this Section 8.14(m); provided, however, that any deficiency judgment referred to in this Section 8.14(m) shall be enforceable only to the extent of any of the Default Collateral. The preceding provisions of this Section shall be inapplicable to any Person if (i) any petition for bankruptcy, reorganization or arrangement pursuant to federal or state law against any Borrower or Operating Lessee shall be filed by any Borrower, Operating Lessee, or any Affiliate of any Borrower or Operating Lessee, (ii) if an involuntary bankruptcy or other insolvency proceeding is commenced against any Borrower or Operating Lessee (by a party other than Lender) but only if such Borrower has consented or acquiesced to such proceeding or if Borrower, Operating Lessee or any Affiliate of Borrower or Operating Lessee has acted in concert with, colluded or conspired with the party to cause the filing thereof or has consented to or acquiesced thereto, (iii) if any Borrower or Operating Lessee shall institute any proceeding for the dissolution or liquidation of any Borrower or Operating Lessee, (iv) if any Borrower or Operating Lessee shall make an assignment for the benefit of creditors, (v) if any Borrower or Operating Lessee shall breach any representation, warranty or covenant in Section 2.14, Section 4.1(C) (such that such breach was considered by a court as a factor in the court's finding for a consolidation of the assets of a Borrower or Operating Lessee with the assets of another person or entity or as a result thereof Lender suffers any material damage, cost, liability or expense; provided, however, that in the absence of an actual 96 consolidation, recourse may be had against Borrower or Operating Lessee only to the extent of losses for such breach), 4.1(V), 4.1(AA), 5.1(T) (such that such breach was considered by a court as a factor in the court's finding for a consolidation of the assets of a Borrower or Operating Lessee with the assets of another person or entity or as a result thereof Lender suffers any material damage, cost, liability or expense; provided, however, that in the absence of an actual consolidation, recourse may be had against Borrower or Operating Lessee only to the extent of losses for such breach), or 5.1(X) (v) if any Borrower or Operating Lessee allows any Transfer to occur in violation of Section 6.1(B) hereof or otherwise fails to obtain Lender's prior written consent to any Transfer to the extent any consent is required in the Loan Documents (vi) any Borrower or Operating Lessee interferes with Lender's exercise of any of its rights or remedies hereunder or (vii) if any Borrower or Operating Lessee breaches any representation or warranty contained in Section 4.1(S). Section 8.15. Exhibits Incorporated The information set forth on the cover, heading and recitals hereof, and the Exhibits attached hereto, are hereby incorporated herein as a part of this Agreement with the same effect as if set forth in the body hereof. Section 8.16. Offsets, Counterclaims and Defenses Any assignee of Lender's interest in and to this Agreement, the Notes, any Mortgage and the other Loan Documents shall take the same free and clear of all offsets, counterclaims or defenses which are unrelated to the Loan, this Agreement, the Notes, any Mortgage and the other Loan Documents which any Borrower may otherwise have against any assignor, and no such unrelated counterclaim or defense shall be interposed or asserted by any Borrower in any action or proceeding brought by any such assignee upon this Agreement, the Notes, any Mortgage and other Loan Documents and any such right to interpose or assert any such unrelated offset, counterclaim or defense in any such action or proceeding is hereby expressly waived by each Borrower. Section 8.17. No Joint Venture or Partnership Each Borrower and Lender intend that the relationship created hereunder be solely that of borrower and lender. Nothing herein is intended to create a joint venture, partnership, tenants-in-common, or joint tenancy relationship between any Borrower and Lender nor to grant Lender any interest in any Individual Property other than that of mortgagee or lender. Section 8.18. Waiver of Marshalling of Assets Defense To the fullest extent that each Borrower may legally do so, each Borrower waives all rights to a marshalling of the assets of each such Borrower, and others with interests in such Borrower, and of any Individual Property, or to a sale in inverse order of alienation in the event of foreclosure of the interests hereby created, and agrees not to assert any right under any laws 97 pertaining to the marshalling of assets, the sale in inverse order of alienation, homestead exemption, the administration of estates of decedents, or any other matters whatsoever to defeat, reduce or affect the right of Lender under the Loan Documents to a sale of any Individual Property for the collection of the Indebtedness without any prior or different resort for collection, or the right of Lender or Deed of Trust Trustee to the payment of the Indebtedness in preference to every other claimant whatsoever. Section 8.19. Waiver of Counterclaim Each Borrower hereby waives the right to assert a counterclaim, other than compulsory counterclaim, in any action or proceeding brought against Borrower by Lender or Lender's agents. Section 8.20. Conflict; Construction of Documents In the event of any conflict between the provisions of this Agreement and the provisions of the Notes, any Mortgage or any of the other Loan Documents, the provisions of this Agreement shall prevail. The parties hereto acknowledge that they were represented by counsel in connection with the negotiation and drafting of the Loan Documents and that the Loan Documents shall not be subject to the principle of construing their meaning against the party which drafted same. Section 8.21. Brokers and Financial Advisors Borrower and Lender hereby represent that they have dealt with no financial advisors, brokers, underwriters, placement agents, agents or finders in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Each Borrower hereby agrees to indemnify and hold Lender harmless from and against any and all claims, liabilities, costs and expenses of any kind in any way relating to or arising from a claim by any Person, that such Person acted on behalf of any Borrower in connection with the transactions contemplated herein. The provisions of this Section shall survive the expiration and termination of this Agreement and the repayment of the Indebtedness. Section 8.22. Counterparts This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be an original, but all of which shall together constitute one and the same instrument. Section 8.23. Estoppel Certificates Each Borrower and Lender each hereby agree at any time and from time to time upon not less than fifteen (15) days prior written notice by any Borrower or Lender (but no more than four (4) times per year unless (i) an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or (ii) such request is occasioned in connection with a Secondary Market Transaction) to execute, 98 acknowledge and deliver to the party specified in such notice, a statement, in writing, certifying that this Agreement is unmodified and in full force and effect (or if there have been modifications, that the same, as modified, is in full force and effect and stating the modifications hereto), and stating whether or not, to the knowledge of such certifying party, any Default or Event of Default has occurred, and, if so, specifying each such Default or Event of Default; provided, however, that it shall be a condition precedent to Lender's obligation to deliver the statement pursuant to this Section, that Lender shall have received, together with Borrower's request for such statement, an Officer's Certificate stating that no Default or Event of Default exists as of the date of such certificate (or specifying such Default or Event of Default). Section 8.24. Payment of Expenses Borrowers shall, whether or not the Transactions are consummated, pay all Transaction Costs, which shall include, without limitation, reasonable out-of-pocket fees, costs, expenses, and disbursements of Lender and its attorneys, local counsel, accountants and other contractors in connection with (i) the negotiation, preparation, execution and delivery of the Loan Documents and the documents and instruments referred to therein, (ii) the creation, perfection or protection of Lender's Liens in the Collateral (including, without limitation, fees and expenses for title and lien searches and filing and recording fees, intangibles taxes, personal property taxes, mortgage recording taxes, due diligence expenses, travel expenses, and accounting firm fees, costs of the Appraisals, Environmental Reports (and an environmental consultant), Surveys and the Engineering Reports), (iii) the negotiation, preparation, execution and delivery of any amendment, waiver or consent relating to any of the Loan Documents, (iv) the review and approval of each replacement Interest Rate Cap Agreement required hereunder, and (v) the preservation of rights under and enforcement of the Loan Documents and the documents and instruments referred to therein, including any restructuring or rescheduling of the Indebtedness, to the extent expressly required hereunder. Section 8.25. Bankruptcy Waiver Each Borrower hereby agrees that, in consideration of the recitals and mutual covenants contained herein, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, if any Borrower (i) files with any bankruptcy court of competent jurisdiction or be the subject of any petition under Title 11 of the U.S. Code, as amended, (ii) is the subject of any order for relief issued under Title 11 of the U.S. Code, as amended, (iii) files or is the subject of any petition seeking any reorganization, arrangement, composition, readjustment, liquidation, dissolution or similar relief under any present or law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or other relief of debtors, (iv) has sought or consents to or acquiesces in the appointment of any trustee, receiver, conservator or liquidator or (v) is the subject of any order, judgment or decree entered by any court of competent jurisdiction approving a petition filed against such party for any reorganization, arrangement, composition, readjustment, liquidation, dissolution or similar relief under any present or future federal or state act or law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or other relief for debtors, the automatic stay provided by the Federal Bankruptcy Code shall be modified and annulled as to Lender, so as to 99 permit Lender to exercise any and all of its rights and remedies, upon request of Lender made on notice to any Borrower and any other party in interest but without the need of further proof or hearing. Neither Borrower nor any Affiliate of any Borrower shall contest the enforceability of this Section. Section 8.26. Entire Agreement This Agreement, together with the Exhibits hereto and the other Loan Documents constitutes the entire agreement among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter contained in this Agreement, the Exhibits hereto and the other Loan Documents and supersedes all prior agreements, understandings and negotiations between the parties. Section 8.27. Dissemination of Information If Lender determines at any time to participate in a Secondary Market Transaction, Lender may forward to each purchaser, transferee, assignee, servicer, participant or investor in such securities (collectively, the "Investor"), any Rating Agency rating such securities, any organization maintaining databases on the underwriting and performance of commercial loans, trustee, counsel, accountant, and each prospective Investor, all documents and information which Lender now has or may hereafter acquire relating to the Loan, any Borrower, any direct or indirect equity owner of any Borrower, any guarantor, any indemnitor and each Individual Property, which shall have been furnished by such Borrower any Affiliate of any Borrower, any guarantor, any indemnitor, or any party to any Loan Document, or otherwise furnished in connection with the Loan, as Lender in its discretion determines necessary or desirable. Section 8.28. Limitation of Interest It is the intention of each Borrower and Lender to conform strictly to applicable usury laws. Accordingly, if the transactions contemplated hereby would be usurious under applicable law, then, in that event, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any Loan Document, it is agreed as follows: (i) the aggregate of all consideration which constitutes interest under applicable law that is taken, reserved, contracted for, charged or received under any Loan Document or otherwise in connection with the Loan shall under no circumstances exceed the maximum amount of interest allowed by applicable law, and any excess shall be credited to principal by Lender (or if the Loan shall have been paid in full, refunded to any Borrower); and (ii) in the event that maturity of the Loan is accelerated by reason of an election by Lender resulting from any default hereunder or otherwise, or in the event of any required or permitted prepayment, then such consideration that constitutes interest may never include more than the maximum amount of interest allowed by applicable law, and any interest in excess of the maximum amount of interest allowed by applicable law, if any, provided for in the Loan Documents or otherwise shall be cancelled automatically as of the date of such acceleration or prepayment and, if theretofore prepaid, shall be credited to principal (or if the principal portion of the Loan and any other amounts not constituting interest shall have been paid in full, refunded to any Borrower.) 100 In determining whether or not the interest paid or payable under any specific contingency exceeds the maximum amount allowed by applicable law, Lender shall, to the maximum extent permitted under applicable law (a) exclude voluntary prepayments and the effects thereof, and (b) amortize, prorate, allocate and spread, in equal parts, the total amount of interest throughout the entire contemplated term of the Loan so that the interest rate is uniform throughout the entire term of the Loan; provided, that if the Loan is paid and performed in full prior to the end of the full contemplated term hereof, and if the interest received for the actual period of existence thereof exceeds the maximum amount allowed by applicable law, Lender shall refund to any Borrower the amount of such excess, and in such event, Lender shall not be subject to any penalties provided by any laws for contracting for, charging or receiving interest in excess of the maximum amount allowed by applicable law. Section 8.29. Indemnification Borrowers shall indemnify and hold Lender and each of its affiliates and their respective successors and assigns (including their respective officers, directors, partners, employees, attorneys, accountants, professionals and agents and each other person, if any, controlling Lender or any of its affiliates within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or Section 20 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) (each, including Lender, an "Indemnified Party") harmless against any and all losses, claims, damages, costs, expenses (including the fees and disbursements of outside counsel retained by any such person) or liabilities in connection with, arising out of or as a result of the transactions and matters referred to or contemplated by this Agreement, except to the extent that it is finally judicially determined that any such loss, claim, damage, cost, expense or liability resulted directly and solely from the gross negligence, fraud or willful misconduct of such Indemnified Party. If any Indemnified Party becomes involved in any action, proceeding or investigation in connection with any transaction or matter referred to or contemplated in this Agreement, Borrowers shall periodically reimburse any Indemnified Party upon demand herefore in an amount equal to its reasonable legal and other expenses (including the costs of any investigation and preparation) incurred in connection therewith to the extent such legal or other expenses are the subject of indemnification hereunder. IT IS EXPRESSLY ACKNOWLEDGED AND AGREED BY EACH BORROWER THAT THE INDEMNITY (AND/OR THE RELEASE) CONTAINED IN THIS SECTION 8.29 PROTECTS LENDER FROM THE CONSEQUENCES OF LENDER'S ACTS OR OMISSIONS, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE NEGLIGENT ACTS OR OMISSIONS OF LENDER TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT NOTHING CONTAINED HEREIN SHALL BE DEEMED TO RELIEVE THE LENDER FROM LIABILITY DUE TO ITS GROSS NEGLIGENCE. Section 8.30. Borrower Acknowledgments Each Borrower hereby acknowledges to and agrees with Lender that (i) the scope of Lender's business is wide and includes, but is not limited to, financing, real estate financing, investment in real estate and other real estate transactions which may be viewed as adverse to or 101 competitive with the business of such Borrower or its Affiliates and (ii) such Borrower has been represented by competent legal counsel and such Borrower has consulted with such counsel prior to executing this Loan Agreement and of the other Loan Documents. Section 8.31. Publicity Lender shall have the right to issue press releases, advertisements and other promotional materials describing Lender's participation in the origination of the Loan or the Loan's inclusion in any Secondary Market Transaction effectuated or to be effectuated by Lender. All news releases, publicity or advertising by any Borrower or their affiliates through any media intended to reach the general public which refers to the Loan Documents or the financing evidenced by the Loan Documents, to the Lender, Merrill Lynch or any of their affiliates shall be subject to the prior written approval of Lender and Merrill Lynch Mortgage Lending, Inc., except for disclosures required by law which shall not require Lender approval but which shall require prior written notice to Lender. Section 8.32. Cross Collateralization Without limitation to any other right or remedy provided to Lender in this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, each Borrower and each Manager covenants and agrees that (i) Lender shall have the right to pursue all of its rights and remedies in one proceeding, or separately and independently in separate proceedings which it, as Lender, in its sole and absolute discretion, shall determine from time to time, (ii) Lender is not required to either marshall assets, sell any or all of the Collateral in any inverse order or alienation, or be subjected to any "one action" or "election of remedies" law or rule, (iii) the exercise by Lender of any remedies against any of the Collateral will not impede Lender from subsequently or simultaneously exercising remedies against any other Collateral, (iv) all Liens and other rights, remedies and privileges provided to Lender in this Agreement and/or any other Loan Documents otherwise shall remain in full force and effect until Lender has exhausted all of its remedies against the Collateral and all the Collateral has been foreclosed, sold and/or otherwise realized upon and (v) each Individual Property and all Collateral shall be security for the performance of all of each relevant Borrower's obligations hereunder and each relevant Borrower's obligations under all of the other Loan Documents. Each Borrower acknowledges and agrees that it shall be jointly and severally liable for the obligations of all Borrowers under the Loan Documents. Section 8.33. Contribution. As a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, each Borrower will benefit, directly and indirectly, from each Borrower's obligation to pay the Indebtedness and perform its obligations hereunder and under the other Loan Documents and in consideration therefore each Borrower desires to enter into an allocation and contribution agreement among themselves as set forth in this Section 8.33 to allocate such benefits among themselves and to provide a fair and equitable agreement to make contributions among each of Borrowers in the event any payment is made by any individual Borrower hereunder to Lender (such payment being referred to herein as a "Contribution", and for purposes of this Section, includes any exercise of recourse by Lender against any Collateral of a 102 Borrower and application of proceeds of such Collateral in satisfaction of such Borrower's obligations, to Lender under the Loan Documents). (a) Each Borrower shall be liable hereunder with respect to the Indebtedness only for such total maximum amount (if any) that would not render its Indebtedness hereunder or under any of the Loan Documents subject to avoidance under Section 548 of the Federal Bankruptcy Code or any comparable provisions of any state law. (b) In order to provide for a fair and equitable contribution among Borrowers in the event that any Contribution is made by an individual Borrower (a "Funding Borrower"), such Funding Borrower shall be entitled to a reimbursement Contribution ("Reimbursement Contribution") from all other Borrowers for all payments, damages and expenses incurred by that Funding Borrower in discharging any of the Indebtedness, in the manner and to the extent set forth in this Section. (c) For purposes hereof, the "Benefit Amount" of any individual Borrower as of any date of determination shall be the net value of the benefits to such Borrower from extensions of credit made by Lender to (i) such Borrower and (ii) to the other Borrowers hereunder and the Loan Documents. (d) Each Borrower shall be liable to a Funding Borrower in an amount equal to the greater of (i) the (A) ratio of the Benefit Amount of such Borrower to the total amount of Indebtedness, multiplied by (B) the amount of Indebtedness paid by such Funding Borrower, or (ii) ninety-five percent (95%) of the excess of the fair saleable value of the property of such Borrower over the total liabilities of such Borrower (including the maximum amount reasonably expected to become due in respect of contingent liabilities) determined as of the date on which the payment made by a Funding Borrower is deemed made for purposes hereof (giving effect to all payments made by other Funding Borrowers as of such date in a manner to maximize the amount of such Contributions). (e) In the event that at any time there exists more than one Funding Borrower with respect to any Contribution (in any such case, the "Applicable Contribution"), then Reimbursement Contributions from other Borrowers pursuant hereto shall be allocated among such Funding Borrowers in proportion to the total amount of the Contribution made for or on account of the other Borrowers by each such Funding Borrower pursuant to the Applicable Contribution. In the event that at any time any Borrower pays an amount hereunder in excess of the amount calculated pursuant to this Section 8.33 above, that Borrower shall be deemed to be a Funding Borrower to the extent of such excess and shall be entitled to a Reimbursement Contribution from the other Borrowers in accordance with the provisions of this Section. (f) Each Borrower acknowledges that the right to Reimbursement Contribution hereunder shall constitute an asset in favor of such Borrower to which such Reimbursement Contribution is owing. 103 (g) No Reimbursement Contribution payments payable by a Borrower pursuant to the terms of this Section 8.33 shall be paid until all amounts then due and payable by all of Borrowers to Lender, pursuant to the terms of the Loan Documents, are paid in full in cash. Nothing contained in this Section 8.33 shall limit or affect in any way the Indebtedness of any Borrower to Lender under the Notes or any other Loan Documents. (h) Each Borrower waives: (i) any right to require Lender to proceed against any other Borrower or any other person or to proceed against or exhaust any security held by Lender at any time or to pursue any other remedy in Lender's power before proceeding against Borrower; (ii) any defense based upon any legal disability or other defense of any other Borrower, any guarantor of any other person or by reason of the cessation or limitation of the liability of any other Borrower or any guarantor from any cause other than full payment of all sums payable under the Notes, this Agreement and any of the other Loan Documents; (iii) any defense based upon any lack of authority of the officers, directors, partners or agents acting or purporting to act on behalf of any other Borrower or any principal of any other Borrower or any defect in the formation of any other Borrower or any principal of any other Borrower; (iv) any defense based upon any statute or rule of law which provides that the obligation of a surety must be neither larger in amount nor in any other respects more burdensome than that of a principal; (v) any defense based upon any failure by Lender to obtain collateral for the Indebtedness or failure by Lender to perfect a lien on any Collateral; (vi) presentment, demand, protest and notice of any kind; (vii) any defense based upon any failure of Lender to give notice of sale or other disposition of any collateral to any other Borrower or to any other person or entity or any defect in any notice that may be given in connection with any sale or disposition of any Collateral; (viii) any defense based upon any failure of Lender to comply with applicable laws in connection with the sale or other disposition of any Collateral, including any failure of Lender to conduct a commercially reasonable sale or other disposition of any Collateral; (ix) any defense based upon any use of cash collateral under Section 363 of the Federal Bankruptcy Code; 104 (x) any defense based upon any agreement or stipulation entered into by Lender with respect to the provision of adequate protection in any bankruptcy proceeding; (xi) any defense based upon any borrowing or any grant of a security interest under Section 364 of the Federal Bankruptcy Code; (xii) any defense based upon the avoidance of any security interest in favor of Lender for any reason; (xiii) any defense based upon any bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, arrangement, readjustment of debt, liquidation or dissolution proceeding, including any discharge of, or bar or stay against collecting, all or any of the obligations evidenced by the Notes or owing under any of the Loan Documents; (xiv) any defense or benefit based upon such Borrower's, or any other party's, resignation of the portion of any obligation secured by the Mortgages to be satisfied by any payment from any other Borrower or any such party; (xv) all rights and defenses arising out of an election of remedies by Lender even though the election of remedies, such as non-judicial foreclosure with respect to security for the Loan or any other amounts owing under the Loan Documents, has destroyed Borrower's rights of subrogation and reimbursement against any other Borrower; (xvi) all rights and defenses that such Borrower may have because any of Indebtedness is secured by real property. This means, among other things: (1) Lender may collect from such Borrower without first foreclosing on any real or personal property collateral pledged by any other Borrower, (2) if Lender forecloses on any real property collateral pledged by any other Borrower, (I) the amount of the Indebtedness may be reduced only by the price for which that collateral is sold at the foreclosure sale, even if the collateral is worth more than the sale price, (II) Lender may collect from such Borrower even if any other Borrower, by foreclosing on the real property collateral, has destroyed any right such Borrower may have to collect from any other Borrower. This is an unconditional and irrevocable waiver of any rights and defenses such Borrower may have because any of the Indebtedness is secured by real property; and (xvii) except as may be expressly and specifically permitted herein, any claim or other right which such Borrower might now have or hereafter acquire against any other Borrower or any other person that arises from the existence or performance of any obligations under the Notes, this Agreement or the other Loan Documents, including any of the following: (i) any right of subrogation, reimbursement, exoneration, contribution, or indemnification; or (ii) any right to participate in any claim or remedy of Lender against any other Borrower or any collateral security [ ] herefore, 105 whether or not such claim, remedy or right arises in equity or under contract, statute or common law. Section 8.34. Each Borrower and Lender agrees that time is of the essence with regard to all obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents. Section 8.35. FINAL AGREEMENT. THE WRITTEN LOAN DOCUMENTS TO WHICH THIS NOTICE RELATES REPRESENT THE FINAL AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE PARTIES AND MAY NOT BE CONTRADICTED BY EVIDENCE OF PRIOR, CONTEMPORANEOUS OR SUBSEQUENT ORAL AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES. THERE ARE NO UNWRITTEN ORAL AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE PARTIES. Section 8.36. Subject to the terms of Section 8.14 hereof, Lender may proceed directly against any general partner of each Borrower, as the case may be, without first exhausting its remedies against any Borrower. In connection herewith, the Lender and each Borrower hereby agree that the Lender is not required to comply with Section 3.05(d) of the Texas Revised Partnership Act (VACS 6132b-1.01 et seq). Lender and each Borrower agree that this paragraph is intended to comply with the provisions of Section 3.05(e)(2) of the Texas Revised Partnership Act. Section 8.37. Each Borrower hereby waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any and all rights under Sections 51.003 and 51.004 of the Texas Property Code. Section 8.38. Each of Note A-1 Holder, Note A-2 Holder, Note A-3 Holder and Note B Holder and the Borrowers hereby agree that one entity (including, without limitation, its designees and servicers) shall act on behalf of Lender and shall be the sole Lender to whom notices, requests and other communications shall be addressed and the sole party authorized to grant or withhold consents hereunder on behalf of the Lenders, to receive such notices, requests and other communications and/or to grant or withhold consents, as the case may be and to be the sole Lender to designate the account to which payments shall be made by the Borrowers to the Lenders hereunder (or its designees or servicers); provided, however, that the Borrowers acknowledge and agree that such Lender may be obligated to consent, withhold its consent or otherwise take any action upon the direction of or with the consent or concurrence of any or all of Note A-1 Holder, Note A-2 Holder, Note A-3 Holder or Note B Holder, as applicable, pursuant to separate agreement(s) among Note A-1 Holder, Note A-2 Holder, Note A-3 Holder and Note B Holder. [Signatures on the following pages] 106 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Loan Agreement to be duly executed by their duly authorized representatives, all as of the day and year first above written. LENDER: MERRILL LYNCH MORTGAGE LENDING, INC. a Delaware corporation, in its capacity as Note A-1 Holder, Note A-2 Holder, and Note A-3 Holder By: /s/ ROBERT SPINNA ----------------- Name: Robert Spinna Title: MERRILL LYNCH CAPITAL, a Division of Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services, Inc. By: /s/ CYNTHIA M. LOZANO --------------------- Name: Cynthia M. Lozano Title: Assistant Vice President [signatures continued on following page] 107 BORROWERS: ASHFORD DALLAS LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS --------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President ASHFORD AUSTIN LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President ASHFORD HOLTSVILLE LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President 108 ASHFORD DULLES LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President ASHFORD PHOENIX LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President ASHFORD FLAGSTAFF LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President 109 ASHFORD DAYTON LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President ASHFORD COLUMBUS LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President ASHFORD SYRACUSE LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President 110 ASHFORD BUFORD I LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President ASHFORD BUFORD II LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President ASHFORD EVANSVILLE I LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President 111 ASHFORD EVANSVILLE II LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President ASHFORD BLOOMINGTON LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President ASHFORD TERRE HAUTE LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President 112 ASHFORD TIPTON LAKES LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President ASHFORD HORSE CAVE LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President ASHFORD PRINCETON LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President 113 ASHFORD LOUISVILLE LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President ASHFORD JACKSONVILLE II LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President ASHFORD LAS VEGAS LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President 114 ASHFORD MOBILE LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President ASHFORD BUENA VISTA LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President ASHFORD BUCKS COUNTY LLC, a Delaware limited liability company By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President 115 ASHFORD EVANSVILLE III LP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford Senior General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President OPERATING LESSEE: Acknowledged and agreed to with respect to its obligations set forth in Articles 4, 5 and 6 hereof and Section 2.13(g): ASHFORD TRS LESSEE LLC, a Delaware limited liability company by: /s/ DAVID J. KIMICHIK --------------------- Name: David Kimichik Title: President 116
EX-10.17.1 5 d20035exv10w17w1.txt MEZZANINE LOAN AGREEMENT EXHIBIT 10.17.1 MEZZANINE LOAN AGREEMENT Dated as of September 2, 2004 by and between ASHFORD MEZZ BORROWER LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (as Borrower) and MERRILL LYNCH CAPITAL, a Division of Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services, Inc. (as Lender) TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE ARTICLE 1. CERTAIN DEFINITIONS....................................................................... 1 Section 1.1. Definitions...................................................................... 1 ARTICLE 2. GENERAL TERMS............................................................................. 25 Section 2.1. Amount of the Loan............................................................... 25 Section 2.2. Use of Proceeds.................................................................. 25 Section 2.3. Security for the Loan............................................................ 25 Section 2.4. Borrower's Note.................................................................. 25 Section 2.5. Principal and Interest Payments.................................................. 25 Section 2.6. Prepayment....................................................................... 26 Section 2.7. Application of Payments.......................................................... 28 Section 2.8. Payment of Debt Service, Method and Place of Payment............................. 28 Section 2.9. Taxes; Funding Losses; Changes in Law............................................ 28 Section 2.10. Extension Options................................................................ 29 Section 2.11. Central Cash Management.......................................................... 30 Section 2.12. Security Agreement............................................................... 33 Section 2.13. Secondary Market Transactions.................................................... 35 Section 2.14. Interest Rate Cap Agreement...................................................... 37 Section 2.15. Partial Release.................................................................. 38 ARTICLE 3. CONDITIONS PRECEDENT...................................................................... 39 Section 3.1. Conditions Precedent to the Making of the Loan................................... 39 Section 3.2. Form of Loan Documents and Related Matters....................................... 44 ARTICLE 4. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES............................................................ 44 Section 4.1. Representations and Warranties of Borrower....................................... 44 Section 4.2. Survival of Representations and Warranties....................................... 54 ARTICLE 5. AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS..................................................................... 54 Section 5.1. Borrower Covenants............................................................... 54 ARTICLE 6. NEGATIVE COVENANTS........................................................................ 70 Section 6.1. Borrower Negative Covenants...................................................... 70 ARTICLE 7. DEFAULTS.................................................................................. 74 Section 7.1. Event of Default................................................................. 74 Section 7.2. Remedies......................................................................... 77 Section 7.3. Remedies Cumulative.............................................................. 78 Section 7.4. Lender's Right to Perform........................................................ 78 Section 7.5. Sale............................................................................. 79 Section 7.6. Partial Foreclosure.............................................................. 79 Section 7.7. Receiver......................................................................... 79 Section 7.8. UCC Remedies..................................................................... 79
-i- TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)
PAGE Section 7.9. Exercise of Equity Interest Rights............................................... 80 Section 7.10. Power of Attorney................................................................ 80 ARTICLE 8. MISCELLANEOUS............................................................................. 80 Section 8.1. Survival......................................................................... 80 Section 8.2. Lender's Discretion.............................................................. 80 Section 8.3. Governing Law.................................................................... 81 Section 8.4. Modification, Waiver in Writing.................................................. 82 Section 8.5. Delay Not a Waiver............................................................... 82 Section 8.6. Notices.......................................................................... 82 Section 8.7. Trial By Jury.................................................................... 84 Section 8.8. Headings......................................................................... 84 Section 8.9. Assignment....................................................................... 84 Section 8.10. Severability..................................................................... 84 Section 8.11. Preferences...................................................................... 84 Section 8.12. Waiver of Notice................................................................. 85 Section 8.13. Remedies of Borrower............................................................. 85 Section 8.14. Exculpation...................................................................... 85 Section 8.15. Exhibits Incorporated............................................................ 87 Section 8.16. Offsets, Counterclaims and Defenses.............................................. 87 Section 8.17. No Joint Venture or Partnership.................................................. 87 Section 8.18. Waiver of Marshalling of Assets Defense.......................................... 87 Section 8.19. Waiver of Counterclaim........................................................... 88 Section 8.20. Conflict; Construction of Documents.............................................. 88 Section 8.21. Brokers and Financial Advisors................................................... 88 Section 8.22. Counterparts..................................................................... 88 Section 8.23. Estoppel Certificates............................................................ 88 Section 8.24. Payment of Expenses.............................................................. 89 Section 8.25. Bankruptcy Waiver................................................................ 89 Section 8.26. Entire Agreement................................................................. 89 Section 8.27. Dissemination of Information..................................................... 90 Section 8.28. Limitation of Interest........................................................... 90 Section 8.29. Indemnification.................................................................. 91 Section 8.30. Borrower Acknowledgments......................................................... 91 Section 8.31. Publicity........................................................................ 91 Section 8.32. ................................................................................. 92 Section 8.33. Final Agreement.................................................................. 92 Section 8.34. ................................................................................. 92
-ii- Exhibit A Intentionally Omitted Exhibit B Capital Improvements/Environmental Remediation Exhibit C Interest Rate Cap Agreement Requirements Exhibit D Allocated Mezzanine Loan Amounts Exhibit F Managers Exhibit G Franchisors Schedule 1 Litigation Schedule 2 Franchise Agreement Defaults -iii- MEZZANINE LOAN AGREEMENT THIS MEZZANINE LOAN AGREEMENT, made as of September 2, 2004, is by and between MERRILL LYNCH CAPITAL, a Division of Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation, (together, with its successors and assigns, "Lender"), and ASHFORD MEZZ BORROWER LLC, a Delaware limited liability company ("Borrower"). RECITALS A. Borrower desires to obtain a loan (the "Loan") from Lender in the principal amount of $25,000,000. B. Lender is willing to make the Loan on the condition that Borrower joins in the execution and delivery of this Agreement, which shall establish the terms and conditions of the Loan. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the making of the Loan by Lender, and the covenants, agreements, representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement, the parties hereby covenant, agree, represent and warrant as follows: ARTICLE 1 CERTAIN DEFINITIONS Section 1.1 Definitions. For all purposes of this Agreement: (a) the capitalized terms defined in this Article 1 have the meanings assigned to them in this Article 1, and include the plural as well as the singular; (b) all accounting terms have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with GAAP; (c) the words "herein", "hereof", and "hereunder" and other words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section, or other subdivision; and (d) the following terms have the following meanings: "Acceptable Counterparty" means any counterparty to an Interest Rate Cap Agreement that has and maintains (or whose obligations thereunder are guaranteed in a manner and by a guarantor that is reasonably acceptable to Lender, (a) (i) a long-term unsecured debt rating or counterparty rating of "AA-" or higher from S&P, and (ii) a short-term unsecured debt rating of not less than "A-1+" by S&P, and (b) a long-term unsecured debt rating of not less than "Aa3" by Moody's, or any other counterparty to an Interest Rate Cap Agreement with respect to which a Rating Agency Confirmation is received. "Account Collateral" means the Deposit Account (including all Sub-Accounts), all amounts deposited or held in such accounts, and all Proceeds of any or all of the foregoing. "Affiliate" of any specified Person means any other Person controlling, controlled by or under common control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this Agreement, "control" when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities or other beneficial interests, by contract or otherwise; and the terms "controls", "controlling" and "controlled" have the meanings correlative to the foregoing. For the avoidance of doubt, with respect to Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee, the definition of "Affiliate" shall not include Remington Manager. "Agreement" means this Mezzanine Loan Agreement, as the same may from time to time hereafter be modified, supplemented or amended. "Allocated Mezzanine Loan Amount" means, with respect to each Individual Property, the amount set forth on Exhibit D attached hereto, as such amounts shall be adjusted from time to time as hereinafter set forth. Upon each adjustment in the amount of Indebtedness due to the making of a prepayment of the Loan in accordance with the terms hereof, each Allocated Mezzanine Loan Amount shall be decreased by an amount equal to the product of (i) the amount of such payment and (ii) a fraction, the numerator of which is the applicable Allocated Mezzanine Loan Amount (prior to the adjustment in question) and the denominator of which is the total of all Allocated Mezzanine Loan Amounts (prior to the adjustment in question). Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence to the contrary, when the Indebtedness is reduced as the result of Lender's receipt of proceeds with respect to a Condemnation or Casualty affecting one hundred percent (100%) of any Individual Property, the Allocated Mezzanine Loan Amount for such Individual Property with respect to which the Insurance Proceeds or Condemnation Proceeds were received shall, at Lender's sole discretion, be reduced to zero (such Allocated Mezzanine Loan Amount prior to reduction being referred to as the "Withdrawn Allocated Amount"), and each other Allocated Mezzanine Loan Amount shall, if the Withdrawn Allocated Amount exceeds such proceeds (such excess being referred to as the "Proceeds Deficiency"), be increased by an amount equal to the product of (1) the Proceeds Deficiency and (2) a fraction, the numerator of which is the applicable Allocated Mezzanine Loan Amount (prior to the adjustment in question) and the denominator of which is the aggregate of all of the Allocated Mezzanine Loan Amounts (prior to the adjustment in question) other than the Withdrawn Allocated Amount. "Appraisal" means an appraisal of any Individual Property prepared in accordance with the requirements of FIRREA prepared by an independent third party appraiser holding an MAI designation, who is state licensed or state certified if required under the laws of the state where such Individual Property is located, who meets the requirements of FIRREA and who is otherwise reasonably satisfactory to Lender. 2 "Approved Budget" has the meaning provided in Section 5.1(P)(x). "Basic Carrying Costs" means the following costs with respect to each Individual Property: (i) Impositions applicable to such Property; (ii) insurance premiums for policies of insurance required or permitted to be maintained by the applicable Mortgage Borrower pursuant to the Mortgage Loan Documents; and (iii) all Monthly Assessments and Special Assessments (as such terms are defined in the Declaration). "Borrower" has the meaning provided in the preamble to this Agreement. "Business Day" means any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or a legal holiday on which national banks are not open for general business in (i) the State of Kansas, (ii) the state where the corporate trust office of the any trustee in connection with a Secondary Market Transaction is located, or (iii) the state where the servicing offices of the any servicer in connection with a Secondary Market Transactions are located. "Cash Management Fee Sub-Account" means the Sub-Account of the Deposit Account established and maintained pursuant to Section 2.11 relating to the payment of fees payable to the Deposit Account Bank. "Closing Date" means the date of this Agreement. "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and as it may be further amended from time to time, any successor statutes thereto, together with applicable U.S. Department of Treasury regulations issued pursuant thereto in temporary or final form. "Collateral" has the meaning set forth in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Condemnation Proceeds" has the meaning provided in the Mortgages. "Contingent Obligation" means any obligation of Borrower guaranteeing any indebtedness, leases, dividends or other obligations ("primary obligations") of any other Person (the "primary obligor") in any manner, whether directly or indirectly, including, without limitation, any obligation of Borrower, whether or not contingent; (i) to purchase any such primary obligation, or any property constituting direct or indirect security therefor; (ii) to advance or supply funds (x) for the purchase or payment of any such primary obligation or (y) to maintain working capital or equity capital of the primary obligor; (iii) to purchase property, securities or services primarily for the purpose of assuring the owner or obligee under any such primary obligation of the ability of the primary obligor to make payment of such primary obligation; or (iv) otherwise to assure or hold harmless the owner or obligee under such primary obligation against loss in respect thereof. The amount of any Contingent Obligation shall be deemed to be an amount equal to the stated or determinable amount of the primary obligation in respect of which such Contingent Obligation is made or, if not stated or determinable, the maximum anticipated liability in respect thereof (assuming that Borrower is required to perform thereunder) as determined by Lender in good faith. 3 "Contractual Obligation" means, as to any Person, any provision of any security issued by such Person or of any agreement, instrument or undertaking to which such Person is a party or by which it or any of its property is bound, or any provision of the foregoing. "Current Interest Accrual Period" has the meaning provided in Section 2.11(d). "Debt Service" means, for any period, the aggregate of all principal, interest payments, Default Rate interest, Late Charges and Prepayment Premium that accrue or are due and payable in accordance with the Loan Documents during such period. "Debt Service Coverage Ratio" shall have the meaning set forth in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Declaration" shall have the meaning set forth in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Mezzanine Debt Service Payment Sub-Account" means the Sub-Account of the Deposit Account established and maintained pursuant to Section 2.11 relating to the payment of Debt Service. "Default" means the occurrence of any event which, but for the giving of notice or the passage of time, or both, would be an Event of Default. "Default Collateral" has the meaning provided in Section 8.14. "Default Prepayment" has the meaning provided in Section 2.6(g). "Default Rate" means the per annum interest rate equal to the lesser of (i) the Maximum Amount or (ii) the LIBOR Interest Rate plus five percent (5%). "Deposit Account" has the meaning provided in Section 2.11(b). "Deposit Account Agreement" has the meaning provided in Section 2.12(b). "Deposit Account Bank" means the bank chosen by Lender to hold the Deposit Account, or any successor bank hereafter selected by Lender in accordance with the terms hereof. "Eligible Account" means (i) an account maintained with a federal or state chartered depository institution or trust company whose (x) commercial paper, short-term debt obligations or other short-term deposits are rated at least A-1 by S&P and the equivalent by each other Rating Agency if the deposits in such account are to be held in such account for thirty (30) days or less or (y) long-term unsecured debt obligations are rated at least A by S&P and the equivalent by each other Rating Agency if the deposits in such account are to be held in such account for more than thirty (30) days; or (ii) a segregated trust account maintained with the trust department of a federal or state chartered depository institution or trust company acting in its fiduciary capacity which institution or trust company is subject to regulations regarding fiduciary 4 funds on deposit substantially similar to 12 C.F.R. Section 9.10(b); or (iii) an account otherwise acceptable to each Rating Agency, as confirmed in writing that such account would not, in and of itself, result in a downgrade, qualification or withdrawal of the then current ratings assigned to any security issued in connection with a Secondary Market Transaction. "Embargoed Person" has the meaning provided in Section 4.1(LL). "Engineer" means any reputable Independent engineer, properly licensed in the relevant jurisdiction and approved by Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion. "Engineering Report(s)" means, with respect to each Individual Property, the structural engineering report(s) with respect to such Individual Property (i) prepared by an Engineer, (ii) addressed to or permitted by such preparer to be relied upon by Lender, (iii) prepared based on a scope of work determined by Lender in Lender's discretion, and (iv) in form and content acceptable to Lender in Lender's discretion, together with any amendments or supplements thereto. "Entity" means (i), with respect to Borrower, a (a) corporation, if Borrower is listed as a corporation in the preamble to this Agreement, (b) limited partnership, if Borrower is listed as a limited partnership in the preamble to this Agreement or (c) limited liability company, if Borrower is listed as a limited liability company in the preamble to this Agreement; and (ii) with respect to any Mortgage Borrower, (a) corporation, if such Mortgage Borrower is a corporation, (b) limited partnership, if such Mortgage Borrower is a limited partnership, or (c) limited liability company, if such Mortgage Borrower is a limited liability company. "Environmental Guaranty" means the Environmental Indemnity Agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Lender dated as of the Closing Date from Borrower to Lender relating to all Individual Properties, as the same may thereafter be from time to time supplemented, amended, modified or extended by one or more agreements supplemental thereto. "Environmental Indemnified Parties" includes Lender, any Person who is or will have been involved with the servicing of the Loan, Persons who may hold or acquire or will have held a full or partial interest in the Loan (including, but not limited to, Investors or prospective Investors, as well as custodians, trustees and other fiduciaries who hold or have held a full or partial interest in the Loan for the benefit of third parties) as well as the respective directors, officers, shareholders, partners, employees, agents, servants, representatives, contractors, subcontractors, affiliates, subsidiaries, participants, successors and assigns of any and all of the foregoing (including but not limited to any other Person who holds or acquires or will have held a participation or other full or partial interest in the Loan or the collateral therefor, whether during the term of the Loan or as a part of or following a foreclosure of the collateral for the Loan and including, but not limited to, any successors by merger, consolidation or acquisition of all or a substantial portion of Lender's assets and business). "Environmental Law" means any present and future federal, state and local laws, statutes, ordinances, rules, regulations and the like, as well as common law, relating to protection of human health or the environment, relating to Hazardous Substances, relating to liability for or 5 costs of other actual or threatened danger to human health or the environment, including, without limitation, the following statutes, as amended, any successor thereto, and any regulations promulgated pursuant thereto, and any state or local statutes, ordinances, rules, regulations and the like addressing similar issues: the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act; the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act; the Hazardous Substances Transportation Act; the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (including but not limited to Subtitle I relating to underground storage tanks); the Solid Waste Disposal Act; the Clean Water Act; the Clean Air Act; the Toxic Substances Control Act; the Safe Drinking Water Act; the Occupational Safety and Health Act; the Federal Water Pollution Control Act; the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act; the Endangered Species Act; the National Environmental Policy Act; and the River and Harbors Appropriation Act, and including, without limitation, any present and future federal, state and local laws, statutes ordinances, rules, regulations and the like, as well as common law: requiring notification or disclosure of Releases of Hazardous Substances or other environmental condition of any or all of the Individual Properties to any Governmental Authority or other Person, whether or not in connection with transfer of title to or interest in any or all of the Individual Properties. "Environmental Liens" means, with respect to each Individual Property, all liens and other encumbrances imposed on Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower, the Pledged Collateral or any Individual Property pursuant to any Environmental Law, whether due to any act or omission of Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower or any other Person. "Environmental Report(s)" means, with respect to each Individual Property, environmental audit report(s) (i) prepared by a reputable environmental Engineer approved by Lender in Lender's discretion, (ii) addressed to or permitted by such environmental Engineer to be relied upon by Lender (iii) prepared based on a scope of work determined by Lender in Lender's discretion, and (iv) in form and content acceptable to Lender in Lender's discretion, together with any amendments or supplements thereto delivered to Lender. "Equity Interests" means all membership interests in Borrower. "ERISA" means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time, and the regulations promulgated thereunder. Section references to ERISA are to ERISA, as in effect at the date of this Agreement and, as of the relevant date, any subsequent provisions of ERISA, amendatory thereof, supplemental thereto or substituted therefor. "ERISA Affiliate" means any corporation or trade or business that is a member of any group of organizations (i) described in Section 414(b) or (c) of the Code, of which Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee is a member, and (ii) solely for purposes of potential liability under Section 302(c)(11) of ERISA and Section 412(c)(11) of the Code and the lien created under Section 302(f) of ERISA and Section 412(n) of the Code, described in Section 414(m) or (o) of the Code, of which Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee is a member. 6 "Event of Default" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.1. "Exchange Act" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.13. "Extension Interest Rate Cap Agreement" means a confirmation (together with the definitions, ISDA master agreement and schedules relating thereto) between the applicable Acceptable Counterparty and Borrower, relating to the applicable Extension Term, satisfying the requirements set forth in Exhibit C. "Extension Term" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.10. "FIRREA" shall mean the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989, as the same may be amended from time to time. "First Extended Maturity Date" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.10. "First Extension Term" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.10. "Fiscal Year" means the 12-month period ending on December 31 of each year or such other fiscal year of Borrower or other Person as Borrower, or other Person, as applicable, may select from time to time with the prior written consent of Lender, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed. "Franchise Agreement" shall mean, individually or collectively, as the context may require, each franchise or similar agreement entered into by and between the applicable Mortgage Borrower and/or Operating Lessee and Franchisor pursuant to which the applicable Mortgage Borrower and/or Operating Lessee is permitted to operate the applicable Individual Property under the "flag" or other trade name that is the subject thereof, as the same may be amended, restated, replaced, supplemented or otherwise modified in accordance with the terms hereof. "Franchisor" shall mean, individually or collectively, as the context may require, each franchisor under a Franchise Agreement. As of the date hereof, each Franchisor of each Individual Property is set forth on Exhibit G attached hereto. No replacement or substitute Franchisor shall be selected, approved or consented to by any Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee other than in accordance with the terms hereof. "Franchisor's Subordination" means, with respect to each Individual Property, a Franchisor's Consent and Subordination Agreement, comfort letter or similar agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Lender, dated as of the Closing Date, executed by the relevant Franchisor and others as the same may thereafter from time to time be supplemented, amended, modified or extended by one or more written agreements supplemental thereto. "Funding Losses" means, collectively, all losses, costs and expenses incurred or sustained (or expected to be incurred or sustained) by Lender in liquidating or re-employing 7 funds from third parties to effect or maintain the Loan or any part thereof as a consequence of (a) if the Loan, or any portion thereof, is repaid for any reason whatsoever on any date other than a Payment Date (including, without limitation, from Insurance Proceeds or Condemnation Proceeds); (b) any default in the payment or prepayment of the Principal Indebtedness or any part thereof or interest accrued thereon, as and when due and payable (at the date thereof or otherwise, and whether by acceleration or otherwise); (c) intentionally omitted; (d) any losses, expenses or increased costs incurred or sustained by Lender due to the determination of the "LIBOR Rate" other than pursuant to the first sentence of the definition thereof; (e) the reduction of any amounts received or receivable from Borrower, in either case, due to the introduction of, or any change in, law or applicable regulation or treaty (including the administration or interpretation thereof), whether or not having the force of law, or due to the compliance by Lender with any directive, whether or not having the force of law, or request from any central bank or domestic or foreign governmental authority, agency or instrumentality have jurisdiction; and/or (f) any other set of circumstances not attributable to Lender's acts. "GAAP" means generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied in the United States of America as of the date of the applicable financial report. "Governmental Authority" means any foreign, national, federal, state, regional or local government, or any other political subdivision of any of the foregoing, in each case with jurisdiction over Borrower, Guarantor, SPE Equity Owner, all or any portion of the Collateral, all or any portion of the Pledged Collateral, any Mortgage Borrower, or any Person with jurisdiction over Borrower, SPE Equity Owner, all or any portion of each Individual Property, all or any portion of the Pledged Collateral or any Mortgage Borrower, exercising executive, legislative, judicial, regulatory or administrative functions of or pertaining to government. "Gross Revenue" shall have the meaning set forth in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Ground Lease" shall have the meaning set forth in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Ground Rent" shall have the meaning set forth in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Guarantor" shall mean Ashford Hospitality Limited Partnership, a Delaware limited partnership. "Hazardous Substance" means, without limitation, any and all substances (whether solid, liquid or gas) defined, listed, or otherwise classified as pollutants, toxic or hazardous wastes, toxic or hazardous substances, toxic or hazardous materials, extremely hazardous wastes, or words of similar meaning or regulatory effect under any present or future Environmental Laws including but not limited to petroleum and petroleum products, asbestos and asbestos-containing materials, polychlorinated biphenyls, lead, radon, radioactive materials, flammables and explosives, but excluding substances of kinds and in small amounts ordinarily 8 and customarily used or stored in similar properties for the purposes of cleaning or other maintenance or operations and otherwise in compliance with all Environmental Laws. "Impositions" has the meaning provided in the Mortgages. "Indebtedness" means, at any given time, the Principal Indebtedness, together with all accrued and unpaid interest thereon and all other obligations and liabilities due or to become due to Lender pursuant hereto, under the Note or in accordance with any of the other Loan Documents, and all other amounts, sums and expenses paid by or payable to Lender hereunder or pursuant to the Note or any of the other Loan Documents. "Indemnified Party" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.13. "Independent" means, when used with respect to any Person, a Person who: (i) does not have any direct financial interest or any material indirect financial interest in Borrower, in any Mortgage Borrower or in any Affiliate of Borrower (including, without limitation, in any SPE Equity Owner), (ii) is not connected with Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower or any Affiliate of Borrower (including, without limitation, in any SPE Equity Owner), as an officer, employee, promoter, underwriter, trustee, partner, member, manager, creditor, director or person performing similar functions (other than in his or her capacity as Independent Director), and (iii) is not a member of the immediate family of a Person defined in (i) or (ii) above. "Independent Director" means a duly appointed member of the board of directors (or with respect to a Single Member LLC, the board of managers) of the relevant entity who shall not have been, at the time of such appointment or at any time while serving as a director or manager of the relevant entity and may not have been at any time in the preceding five years (except in a capacity as an "Independent Director" for one or more Affiliates otherwise satisfying the requirements of this definition), (a) a direct or indirect legal or beneficial owner in such entity or any of its affiliates or Borrower or any of its affiliates, (b) a creditor, supplier, employee, officer, director (other than in its capacity as Independent Director), family member, manager, or contractor of such entity or any of its affiliates or Borrower or any of its affiliates, or (c) a Person who controls (directly, indirectly, or otherwise) such entity or any of its affiliates or Borrower or any of its affiliates or any creditor, supplier, employee, officer, director, family member, manager, or contractor of such Person or any of its affiliates or Borrower or any of its affiliates. "Individual Properties" shall mean, collectively, each and every Individual Property. "Individual Property" shall have the meaning set forth in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Initial Interest Rate Cap Agreement" means a confirmation (together with the definitions, ISDA master agreement and schedules relating thereto) between the applicable 9 Acceptable Counterparty and Borrower, relating to the initial term of the Loan, satisfying the requirements set forth in Exhibit C. "Initial Maturity Date" means September 29, 2006. "Insurance Proceeds" has the meaning provided in the Mortgages. "Insurance Requirements" has the meaning provided in the Mortgages. "Interest Accrual Period" shall mean, with respect to any Payment Date, a period commencing on the first (1st) Business Day of the calendar month in which such Payment Date occurs and ending on the day immediately prior to the first (1st) Business Day of the next calendar month. The first Interest Accrual Period shall commence on the Closing Date and continue through and including the day immediately prior to the first Business Day of the calendar month following the month in which the Closing Date occurs. "Interest Rate" means, for any Interest Accrual Period, the LIBOR Interest Rate or the Default Rate, as and when applicable pursuant to this Agreement. "Interest Rate Adjustment Date" shall mean the second LIBOR Business Day prior to the first day of an Interest Accrual Period; provided that the Interest Rate Adjustment Date for the first Interest Accrual Period shall be the Closing Date, or such other date selected by Lender. The LIBOR Rate set on the Interest Rate Adjustment Date shall be in effect for the Interest Accrual Period immediately following such Interest Rate Adjustment Date. "Interest Rate Cap Agreement" means any Initial Interest Rate Cap Agreement or Extension Interest Rate Cap Agreement. "Investor" has the meaning provided in Section 8.27. "Land" means, collectively, "Land" as defined in each Mortgage. "Late Charge" means the lesser of (i) five percent (5%) of any unpaid amount and (ii) the maximum late charge permitted to be charged under the laws of the State of New York. "Leases" means, collectively, "Leases" as defined in each Mortgage. "Legal Requirements" means all statutes, laws, rules, orders, regulations, ordinances, judgments, orders, decrees and injunctions of Governmental Authorities affecting Borrower, Guarantor, any Mortgage Borrower, the Loan Documents, the Pledged Collateral, the Collateral or any part thereof, or the ownership, construction, use, alteration or operation thereof, or any part thereof, enacted or entered and in force as of the relevant date, and all Permits and regulations relating thereto, and all covenants, agreements, restrictions and encumbrances contained in any instruments, either of record or known to Borrower, at any time in force affecting the Collateral, the Pledged Collateral, or any part thereof, including, without limitation, 10 any which (i) may require repairs, modifications, or alterations in or to the Collateral or any part thereof, or (ii) in any way limit the use and enjoyment thereof, and further including, without limitation, all Environmental Laws and the Americans with Disabilities Act, as they may be amended from time to time, together with all regulations promulgated pursuant thereto or in connection therewith. "Lender" has the meaning provided in the preamble to this Agreement. "Liabilities" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.13. "LIBOR Business Day" means any day on which banks are open for dealing in foreign currency and exchange in London, England. "LIBOR Interest Rate" means, for any Interest Accrual Period, the Spread plus the LIBOR Rate for such Interest Accrual Period. "LIBOR Rate" shall mean the London interbank offered rate for thirty (30) day United States Dollar deposits in an amount of $1,000,000 or more that appears on Telerate Page 3750 (or on such page as may replace Telerate Page 3750 on that service or such other service or services as may be nominated by the British Bankers' Association for the purposes of displaying such rate all as determined by Lender in its sole but good faith discretion) as of 11:00 a.m., London time, on the applicable Interest Rate Adjustment Date to the extent available. If such rate does not appear on Telerate Page 3750 (or on such page as may replace Telerate Page 3750 on that service or such other service or services as may be nominated by the British Bankers' Association for the purposes of displaying such rate all as determined by Lender in its sole but good faith discretion) as of 11:00 a.m., London time, on the applicable Interest Rate Adjustment Date, the LIBOR Rate will be the arithmetic mean of the offered rates (expressed as a percentage per annum) for deposits in U.S. Dollars for a one (1) month period that appear on the Reuters Screen LIBO Page as of 11:00 a.m., London time, on the applicable Interest Rate Adjustment Date, if at least two such offered rates so appear. If fewer than two such offered rates appear on the Reuters Screen LIBO Page as of 11:00 a.m., London time, on the applicable Interest Rate Adjustment Date, Lender will request the principal London office of any four (4) major reference banks in the London interbank market selected by Lender in its sole discretion to provide such bank's offered quotation (expressed as a percentage per annum) to prime banks in the London interbank market for deposits in U.S. Dollars for one (1) month period as of approximately 11:00 a.m., London time, on such Interest Rate Adjustment Date for amounts of not less than $1,000,000. If at least two such offered quotations are so provided, the LIBOR Rate will be the arithmetic mean of such quotations. If fewer than two such quotations are so provided, Lender will request any three (3) major banks in New York City selected by Lender in its sole discretion to provide such banks' rate (expressed as a percentage per annum) for loans in U.S. Dollars to leading European banks for a one (1) month period as of approximately 11:00 a.m. New York City time, on the applicable Interest Rate Adjustment Date for amounts of not less than $1,000,000. If at least two such rates are so provided, the LIBOR Rate will be the arithmetic mean of such rates. If fewer than two such rates are so provided, the then LIBOR Rate will be the LIBOR Rate in effect on the preceding Interest Rate Adjustment Date. The LIBOR Rate for any Interest Accrual Period shall be adjusted from time to time, by increasing the rate thereof to compensate Lender for any aggregate reserve requirements (including, without limitation, all basic, supplemental, marginal and other reserve requirements and taking into account any transactional adjustments or other scheduled changes in reserve requirements during any Interest Accrual Period) which are required to be maintained by Lender with respect to "Eurodollar liabilities" (as presently defined in Regulation D of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System) of the same term under said Regulation D, or any other regulations of a Governmental Authority having jurisdiction over Lender. The establishment of the LIBOR Rate on each Interest Rate Adjustment Date by the Lender and the Lender's calculation of the rate 11 of interest applicable to this Note shall (in the absence of manifest error) be final and binding. "Lien" means any mortgage, deed of trust, deed to secure debt, lien (statutory or other), pledge, easement, restrictive covenant, hypothecation, assignment, preference, priority, security interest, or any other encumbrance or charge on or affecting any portion of the Collateral, the Pledged Collateral, any or all of the Individual Properties, any Mortgage Borrower or the Borrower, or any interest in any of the foregoing, including, without limitation, any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any financing lease having substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing, the filing of any financing statement or similar instrument under the UCC or comparable law of any other jurisdiction, domestic or foreign, and mechanic's, materialmen's and other similar liens and encumbrances. "Loan" has the meaning provided in the Recitals hereto. "Loan Amount" has the meaning provided in the Recitals hereto. "Loan Documents" means, collectively, this Agreement, the Note, the Recognition Agreement, the Pledge Agreement, the PIP Guaranty, the Rate Cap Pledge Agreement, the Environmental Guaranty, the Deposit Account Agreement, the Manager's Subordination, the Franchisor's Subordinations and all other agreements, instruments, certificates and documents executed or delivered by or on behalf of Borrower, Operating Lessee or any Affiliate of either of them, or any other Person to evidence or secure the Loan or otherwise in satisfaction of the requirements of this Agreement, the Pledge Agreement, the TRS Pledge Agreement, the TRS Recognition Agreement, or the other documents listed above. "Losses" means any losses, actual damages, costs, fees, expenses, claims, suits, judgments, awards, liabilities (including but not limited to strict liabilities), obligations, debts, fines, penalties, charges, costs of Remediation (whether or not performed voluntarily), amounts paid in settlement, litigation costs, reasonable attorneys' fees, engineers' fees, environmental consultants' fees, and investigation costs (including but not limited to costs for sampling, testing and analysis of soil, water, air, building materials, and other materials and substances whether solid, liquid or gas), of whatever kind or nature, and whether or not incurred in connection with any judicial or administrative proceedings, actions, claims, suits, judgments or awards. "Management Agreement" means the Management Agreement entered into between Manager and each Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee pertaining to the management of each Individual Property in the form attached to the Manager's Subordinations. 12 "Manager" means, individually or collectively, as the context may require, each manager under a Management Agreement, or any successor or assignee, provided that each successor or assignee shall be acceptable to Lender in Lender's discretion. As of the date hereof, the Manager of each Individual Property is set forth on Exhibit F attached hereto. "Manager's Subordination" means, with respect to each Individual Property, the Manager's Consent and Subordination of Management Agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Lender, dated as of the Closing Date, executed by the applicable Manager, Mezzanine Borrower, the applicable Mortgage Borrower which owns the Individual Property, Operating Lessee and Lender, as the same may thereafter from time to time be supplemented, amended, modified or extended by one or more written agreements supplemental thereto. "Material Adverse Effect" means a material adverse effect upon (i) the business or the financial position or results of operation of Borrower, (ii) the ability of Borrower to perform, or of Lender to enforce, any of the Loan Documents, (iii) the business or the financial position or results of operation of any Mortgage Borrower, (iv) the ability of any Mortgage Borrower to perform, or of Mortgage Lender to enforce, any of the Mortgage Loan Documents, or (v) the value of (x) the Collateral with respect to any Individual Property taken as a whole, (y) any Individual Property, or (z) the Pledged Collateral. "Maturity Date" means Initial Maturity Date or such earlier date resulting from acceleration of the Indebtedness by Lender. "Maximum Amount" means the maximum rate of interest designated by applicable laws relating to payment of interest and usury. "Mold" means any mold or fungus in violation of Legal Requirements present at or in any Individual Property. "Mortgage" has the meaning set forth in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Mortgage Borrower" means, individually and collectively as the context may so require, each "Borrower" under the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Mortgage Debt Service" means Debt Service, as defined in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Mortgage Indebtedness" means Indebtedness, as defined in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Mortgage Lender" means (i) collectively, Merrill Lynch Mortgage Lending, Inc. and Merrill Lynch Capital, a Division of Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services, Inc., and (ii) the successors and assigns of either or both of them. 13 "Mortgage Loan Agreement" means that certain Loan Agreement dated as of the date hereof by and between the Mortgage Borrowers and Mortgage Lender, as the same may from time to time hereafter be modified, supplemented or amended, to the extent permitted by this Agreement. "Mortgage Loan Default" means Default, as defined in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Mortgage Loan Event of Default" means Event of Default, as defined in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Mortgage Loan Release Price" means Release Price, as defined in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Mortgage Loan Transfer" means Transfer, as defined in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Mortgage Notes" means the Notes, as defined in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Multiemployer Plan" means a multiemployer plan defined as such in Section 3(37) of ERISA to which contributions have been made by Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate and which is covered by Title IV of ERISA. "Net Operating Income" shall have the meaning set forth in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Note" means and refers to that certain Mezzanine Promissory Note, in form and substance satisfactory to Lender in Lender's discretion, dated the Closing Date, made by Borrower to Lender pursuant to this Agreement as such promissory note may be modified, amended, supplemented, extended or consolidated in writing, and any note(s) issued in exchange therefor or in replacement thereof. "OFAC List" means the list of specially designated nationals and blocked persons subject to financial sanctions that is maintained by the U.S. Treasury Department, Office of Foreign Assets Control and any other similar list maintained by the U.S. Treasury Department, Office of Foreign Assets Control pursuant to any Legal Requirements (or if such list does not exist, the similar list then being maintained by the United States) including, without limitation, trade embargo, economic sanctions, or other prohibitions imposed by Executive Order of the President of the United States. The OFAC List currently is accessible through the internet website at www.treas.gov/ofac/t11sdn.pdf. "Officer's Certificate" means a certificate of Borrower which is signed by the managing equity owner of Borrower. 14 "Operating Expenses" shall have the meaning set forth in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Operating Income" shall have the meaning set forth in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. "Operating Lease" shall mean, individually or collectively, as the context may require, the operating lease or similar agreement entered into by and between the applicable Mortgage Borrower and the Operating Lessee, which governs the operation of one of more of the Individual Properties as the same may be amended, restated, replaced, supplemented or modified from time to time, in accordance with the terms hereof. "Operating Lessee" shall mean, individually or collectively, as the context may require, any operating lessee under an Operating Lease, which is an Affiliate of the Mortgage Borrowers and which is a Special Purpose Entity, provided that such operating lessee shall be selected in accordance with the terms hereof. As of the date hereof, the term Operating Lessee is Ashford TRS Lessee LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, the current operating lessee of each Individual Property, and an Affiliate of the Mortgage Borrowers. "Other Borrowings" means, without duplication (but not including the Indebtedness or any Transaction Costs payable in connection with the Transactions), (i) all indebtedness of Borrower for borrowed money or for the deferred purchase price of property or services, (ii) all indebtedness of Borrower evidenced by a note, bond, debenture or similar instrument, (iii) the face amount of all letters of credit issued for the account of Borrower and, without duplication, all unreimbursed amounts drawn thereunder, (iv) all indebtedness of Borrower secured by a Lien on any property owned by Borrower whether or not such indebtedness has been assumed, (v) all Contingent Obligations of Borrower, and (vi) all payment obligations of Borrower under any interest rate protection agreement (including, without limitation, any interest rate swaps, caps, floors, collars or similar agreements) and similar agreements. "Payment Date" shall mean the last Business Day of each month commencing on October 29, 2004 and continuing to and including the Maturity Date (or, if the Maturity Date is not on a Business Day, the immediately preceding Business Day). "PBGC" means the Pension Benefit PIP Guaranty Corporation established under ERISA, or any successor thereto. "Partial Release" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.15. "Permits" has the meaning provided in the Mortgages. "Permitted Encumbrances" shall have the meaning set forth in the Mortgage Loan Agreement. 15 "Permitted Investments" has the meaning provided in the Deposit Account Agreement. "Permitted Transfers" shall mean, with respect to each Individual Property, each Mortgage Borrower, Borrower and the Pledged Collateral, (i) provided that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Permitted Encumbrances (other than Permitted Encumbrances arising prior to the occurrence of such Event of Default); (ii) provided that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, all transfers of worn out or obsolete furnishings, fixtures or equipment that are (if deemed necessary or advisable by the applicable Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee) reasonably promptly replaced with property of equivalent value and functionality in the ordinary course of the Mortgage Borrowers' or Operating Lessee's operation of each Individual Property; (iii) provided that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, all Leases which are not Material Leases (other than Material Leases entered into prior to the occurrence of such Event of Default); (iv) all Material Leases which have been approved by Mortgage Lender in writing pursuant to the terms of the Mortgage Loan Agreement and Mezzanine Lender pursuant to the terms of this Agreement; (v) the pledge of the Pledged Collateral pursuant to the terms of the Pledge Agreement or the TRS Pledge Agreement; (vi) transfers, issuance, conversions, pledges and redemptions of stock in Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation (or its successors), Ashford OP General Partner LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Ashford OP Limited Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or Ashford Hospitality Limited Partnership, a Delaware limited partner, and (vii) the merger or consolidation of Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. (or its successors). "Person" means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, estate, trust, unincorporated association, or any other entity, any federal, state, county or municipal government or any bureau, department or agency thereof and any fiduciary acting in such capacity on behalf of any of the foregoing. "PIP Guaranty" means that certain Guaranty dated as of the date hereof from Ashford Hospitality Limited Partnership to Lender. "Plan" means an employee benefit or other plan established or maintained by Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate and that is covered by Title IV of ERISA, other than a Multiemployer Plan. "Pledge Agreement" means that certain Mezzanine Pledge and Security Agreement dated as of the date hereof between Borrower and Lender. "Pledged Collateral" means: (a) Borrower's right, title and interest in and to the Pledged Equity, (b) all rights, privileges, general intangibles, payments intangibles, voting rights, authority and power arising from its interest in the Pledged Equity, (c) the capital of Borrower and any and all profits, losses, distributions, and allocations attributable to the Pledged Equity as well as the proceeds of any distribution thereof, whether arising under the terms of any organizational document of any Mortgage Borrower or otherwise, (d) all other payments, if any, due or to become due, to Borrower by or from and all other present or future claims by Borrower 16 against, any Mortgage Borrower, or in respect of the Pledged Equity, under or arising out of (i) any organizational document of any Mortgage Borrower, (ii) monies loaned or advanced, for services rendered or otherwise or (iii) any other contractual obligations, commercial tort claims, supporting obligations, damages, insurance proceeds, condemnation awards or other amounts due to Borrower from any Mortgage Borrower or with respect to the Pledged Equity, (e) Borrower's claims, rights, powers, privileges, authority, options, security interests, liens and remedies, if any, under or arising out of the ownership of the Pledged Equity, (f) to the extent permitted by applicable law, Borrower's rights, if any, in any Mortgage Borrower pursuant to any organizational document of any Mortgage Borrower, or at law, to exercise and enforce every right, power, remedy, authority, option and privilege of Borrower relating to any Pledged Equity, including without limitation, the right to (i) execute any instruments and to take any and all other action on behalf of and in the name of Borrower in respect of any Pledged Equity, (ii) exercise any and all voting, consent and management rights of Borrower in or with respect to any Mortgage Borrower, (iii) exercise any election (including, but not limited to, election of remedies) or option or to give or receive any notice, consent, amendment, waiver or approval with respect to any Mortgage Borrower, (iv) enforce or execute any checks, or other instruments or orders of any Mortgage Borrower, and (v) file any claims and to take any action in connection with any of the foregoing, together with full power and authority to demand, receive, enforce or collect any of the foregoing or any property of any Mortgage Borrower, (g) all Investment Property (as such term is defined in Section 9-102 of the UCC) issued by or relating to any Mortgage Borrower, or otherwise relating to the Pledged Equity, (h) all equity interests or other property and assets now existing or hereafter acquired by Borrower, including, without limitation, as a result of any mergers, acquisitions, exchange offers, recapitalizations of any type, contributions to capital, or the exercise of options or other rights relating to the Pledged Equity, and (i) to the extent not otherwise included: all assets and personal property of Borrower (1) in any way arising from, related to, or pertaining to Borrower's right, title and interest in and to the Pledged Entity or any Pledged Equity, and (2) in any way arising from, related to, or pertaining to Borrower's right, title and interest in and to the Pledged Equity or any Pledged Entity; and (ii) all proceeds of any or all of the foregoing (including, without limitation, insurance proceeds and distributions on the Pledged Equity), as applicable, (j) the Account Collateral and (k) the Initial Interest Rate Cap Agreement, any Extension Interest Rate Cap Agreement, or any amendment, replacements, modification thereto obtained by Borrower and assigned to Lender pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, the Rate Cap Pledge Agreement, or any of the other Loan Documents. "Pledged Equity" means (i) 100% of Borrower's limited partnership interests or membership interests, as applicable, in each Mortgage Borrower, (ii) 100% of Borrower's membership interests in Ashford Senior General Partner LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, (iii) 100% of Borrower's membership interest in Bucks County Member LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and (iv) 100% of Ashford TRS Corporation's membership interests in Operating Lessee, whether now existing or hereafter created. "Prepayment Premium" means, with respect to any prepayment of the Principal Indebtedness, or acceleration of the Loan, in either case, made prior to or on September 1, 2006, an 17 amount equal to one percent (1.00%) of the Principal Indebtedness being prepaid (it being understood that Borrower shall not be permitted to voluntarily prepay all or any part of the Loan prior to October 1, 2005). "Principal Indebtedness" means the principal amount of the entire Loan outstanding as the same may be increased or decreased, as a result of prepayment or otherwise, from time to time. "Proceeds" means all "proceeds," as such term is defined in the UCC, and, to the extent not included in such definition, all proceeds whether cash or non-cash, movable or immovable, tangible or intangible (including all Insurance Proceeds, all Condemnation Proceeds and proceeds of proceeds), from the Pledged Collateral, including, without limitation, those from the sale, exchange, transfer, collection, loss, damage, disposition, substitution or replacement of any of the Pledged Collateral and all income, gain, credit, distributions and similar items from or with respect to the Pledged Collateral. "Property" has the meaning provided in the Mortgages. "Rate Cap Pledge and Security Agreement" means that certain form of Rate Cap Pledge and Security Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit I. "Rating Agencies" means Fitch, Inc., Moody's Investors Service, Inc., S&P, and Dominion Bond Rating Service Limited, or any successor thereto, and any other nationally recognized statistical rating organization but only to the extent that any of the foregoing have been or will be engaged by Lender or its designees in connection with or in anticipation of a Secondary Market Transaction (each, individually a "Rating Agency"). "Rating Agency Confirmation" means a written confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies rating any securities issued in connection with a Secondary Market Transaction that an action shall not result in a downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of any securities issued in connection with a Secondary Market Transaction. "Recognition Agreement" means that certain Recognition Agreement dated as of the date hereof among Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, SPE Equity Owner and Lender. "Release" with respect to any Hazardous Substance includes but is not limited to any release, deposit, discharge, emission, leaking, leaching, spilling, seeping, migrating, injecting, pumping, pouring, emptying, escaping, dumping, disposing or other movement of Hazardous Substances. "Release Price" shall have the meaning as set forth in Section 2.15(b) "Remediation" (and its correlative terms) includes but is not limited to any response, remedial, removal, or corrective action; any activity to clean up, detoxify, decontaminate, contain or otherwise remediate any Hazardous Substance; any actions to prevent, 18 cure or mitigate any Release of any Hazardous Substance; any action to comply with any Environmental Laws or with any permits issued pursuant thereto; any inspection, investigation, study, monitoring, assessment, audit, sampling and testing, laboratory or other analysis, or evaluation relating to any Hazardous Substances or to anything referred to herein, including the preparation of any plans, studies, reports or documents with respect thereto. "REMIC" means a real estate mortgage investment conduit as defined under Section 860D of the Code. "Remington Manager" means Remington Lodging & Hospitality LP, a Delaware limited partnership. "Rents" means, collectively, "Rents" as defined in each Mortgage. "Required Debt Service Payment" means, on any Payment Date, the Debt Service then due and payable by Borrower. "Reuters Screen LIBO Page" means the display page designated as "LIBO" on the Reuters Monitor Money Rates Service. "S&P" means Standard & Poor's Ratings Services, a division of The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc. "Second Extended Maturity Date" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.10. "Second Extension Term" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.10. "Secondary Market Transaction" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.13. "Secretary's Certificate" means, with respect to Borrower, Operating Lessee, each Mortgage Borrower and Remington Manager, the certificate in form and substance satisfactory to Lender in Lender's discretion dated as of the Closing Date. "Securities Act" has the meaning provided in Section 2.13. "Single Member LLC" means a limited liability company that (i) is either (a) a single member limited liability company or (b) a multiple member limited liability company that does not have a Single-Purpose Entity that owns at least one percent (1%) of the equity interests in such limited liability company as its managing member, and (ii) is organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. "Single-Purpose Entity" means a corporation, limited partnership, or limited liability company which, at all times since its formation and thereafter (i) was and will be organized solely for the purpose of (v) owning the Pledged Equity or (w) owning, leasing, operating, managing, financing and maintaining any or all of the Individual Properties or (x) acting as an operating lessee pursuant to the terms of an Operating Lease or (y) acting as the 19 managing member of the limited liability company which owns any or all of the Individual Properties or (z) acting as the general partner of a limited partnership which owns any or all of the Individual Property, (ii) has not and will not engage in any business unrelated to (w) the ownership of the Pledged Equity or (x) the ownership, leasing, operating, managing, financing and maintaining of any or all of the Individual Properties or (y) acting as a member of a limited liability company which owns any or all of the Individual Properties or (z) acting as a general partner of a limited partnership which owns any or all of the Individual Properties, (iii) has not and will not have any assets other than (w) the Pledged Equity or (x) those related to any or all of the Individual Properties or (y) its member interest in the limited liability company which owns any or all of the Individual Properties or (z) its general partnership interest in the limited partnership which owns any or all of the Individual Properties, as applicable, (iv) has not and will not engage in, seek or consent to any dissolution, winding up, liquidation, consolidation or merger, and, except as otherwise expressly permitted by this Agreement, has not and will not engage in, seek or consent to any asset sale, transfer of partnership or membership or shareholder interests, or amendment of its limited partnership agreement, articles of incorporation, articles of organization, certificate of formation or operating agreement (as applicable), (v) if such entity is a limited partnership, has and will have at all times while the Loan is outstanding as its only general partners, general partners which are and will be Single-Purpose Entities which are corporations or a Single Member LLC, (vi) if such entity is a corporation or a Single Member LLC, at all relevant times while the Loan is outstanding, has and will have at least two Independent Directors, (vii) the board of directors of such entity (or if such entity is a Single Member LLC, the entity, each member, each director, each manager, the board of managers, if any, and all other Persons on behalf of such entity), has not taken and will not take any action requiring the unanimous affirmative vote of one hundred percent (100%) of the members and all directors and managers, as applicable, unless all of the directors or managers, as applicable, including, without limitation, all Independent Directors, shall have participated in such vote, (viii) has not and will not fail to correct any known misunderstanding regarding the separate identity of such entity, (ix) if such entity is a limited liability company (other than a Single Member LLC), has and will have at least one member that is and will be a Single-Purpose Entity which is and will be a corporation, and such corporation is and will be the managing member of such limited liability company, (x) without the unanimous consent of all of the partners, directors or managers (including, without limitation, all Independent Directors) or members, as applicable, has not and will not with respect to itself or to any other entity in which it has a direct or indirect legal or beneficial ownership interest (w) file a bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization petition or otherwise institute insolvency proceedings or otherwise seek any relief under any laws relating to the relief from debts or the protection of debtors generally; (x) seek or consent to the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator, custodian or any similar official for such entity or such entity's properties; (y) make any assignment for the benefit of such entity's creditors; or (z) take any action that might cause such entity to become insolvent, (xi) has maintained and will maintain its accounts, books and records separate from any other Person or entity, (xii) has maintained and will maintain its books, records, resolutions and agreements as official records, (xiii) has not commingled and will not commingle its funds or assets with those of any other entity except as permitted by the Loan Documents, (xiv) has held and will hold its assets in its own name, (xv) has conducted and will conduct its business in its 20 name and will not permit its name, identity or type of entity to be changed, (xvi) has maintained and will maintain its financial statements, accounting records and other entity documents separate from any other Person or entity, except to the extent that such Person or entity is required to file consolidated tax returns by law; provided, that any such consolidated financial statement shall contain a footnote indicating that separate assets and liabilities are neither available to pay the debts of the consolidated entity nor constitute obligations of the consolidated entity, (xvii) has paid and will pay its own liabilities out of its own funds and assets, (xviii) has observed and will observe all partnership, corporate or limited liability company formalities as applicable, (xix) has maintained and will maintain an arms-length relationship with its Affiliates, (xx) if (x) such entity owns all of any portion of any or all of the Individual Properties, has and will have no indebtedness other than the Mortgage Loan, unsecured trade payables in the ordinary course of business relating to the ownership and operation of such Individual Property which (1) are not evidenced by a promissory note (2) when aggregated with the unsecured trade payables of all other Mortgage Borrowers and Operating Lessee do not exceed, at any time, a maximum amount of two and one-half percent (2-1/2%) of the original amount of the Mortgage Loan and (3) are paid within 60 days of the date incurred (unless same are being contested in accordance with the terms of this Agreement), or other indebtedness that has been fully discharged on or prior to the date hereof, or (x) if such entity owns all or any portion of the Pledged Equity, has and will have no indebtedness other than unsecured trade payables in the ordinary course of business relating to acting as the owner of the Pledged Equity which (1) do not exceed, at any time, $10,000 and (2) are paid within 60 days of the date incurred, or (y) if such entity acts as the general partner of a limited partnership which owns such Individual Property, has and will have no indebtedness other than unsecured trade payables in the ordinary course of business relating to acting as general partner of the limited partnership which owns such Individual Property which (1) do not exceed, at any time, $10,000 and (2) are paid within 60 days of the date incurred, or (z) if such entity acts as a managing member of a limited liability company which owns such Individual Property, has and will have no indebtedness other than unsecured trade payables in the ordinary course of business relating to acting as a member of the limited liability company which owns such Individual Property which (1) do not exceed, at any time, $10,000 and (2) are paid within 60 days of the date incurred, (xxi) has not and will not assume or guarantee or become obligated for the debts of any other entity or hold out its credit as being available to satisfy the obligations of any other entity except for the Indebtedness, (xxii) has not acquired and will not acquire obligations or securities of its partners, members or shareholders, (xxiii) has allocated and will allocate fairly and reasonably shared expenses, including, without limitation, shared office space and use separate stationery, invoices and checks, (xxiv) except pursuant hereto, has not and will not pledge its assets for the benefit of any other person or entity, (xxv) has held and identified itself and will hold itself out and identify itself as a separate and distinct entity under its own name and not as a division or part of any other person or entity, (xxvi) has not made and will not make loans to any person or entity, (xxvii) has not and will not identify its partners, members or shareholders, or any affiliates of any of them as a division or part of it, (xxviii) if such entity is a limited liability company (other than a Single Member LLC), such entity shall dissolve only upon the bankruptcy of the managing member, and such entity's articles of organization, certificate of formation and/or operating agreement, as applicable, shall contain such provision, (xxix) has not entered and will not enter 21 into or be a party to, any transaction with its partners, members, shareholders or its affiliates except in the ordinary course of its business and on terms which are intrinsically fair and are no less favorable to it than would be obtained in a comparable arms-length transaction with an unrelated third party and which are fully disclosed to Lender in writing in advance, (xxx) has paid and will pay the salaries of its own employees from its own funds, (xxxi) has maintained and intends to maintain adequate capital in light of its contemplated business operations, (xxxii) if such entity is a limited liability company (other than a Single Member LLC) or limited partnership, and such entity has one or more managing members or general partners, as applicable, then such entity shall continue (and not dissolve) for so long as a solvent managing member or general partner, as applicable, exists and such entity's organizational documents shall contain such provision, (xxxiii) if such entity is a Single Member LLC, its organizational documents shall provide that, as long as any portion of the Indebtedness remains outstanding, upon the occurrence of any event that causes the last remaining member of such Single Member LLC to cease to be a member of such Single Member LLC (other than (y) upon an assignment by such member of all of its limited liability company interest in such Single Member LLC and the admission of the transferee, if permitted pursuant to the organizational documents of such Single Member LLC and the Loan Documents, or (z) the resignation of such member and the admission of an additional member of such Single Member LLC, if permitted pursuant to the organizational documents of such Single Member LLC and the Loan Documents), the individuals acting as the Independent Directors of such Single Member LLC shall, without any action of any Person and simultaneously with the last remaining member of the Single Member LLC ceasing to be a member of the Single Member LLC, automatically be admitted as non-economic members of the Single Member LLC (the "Special Member") and shall preserve and continue the existence of the Single Member LLC without dissolution, and (xxxiv) if such entity is a Single Member LLC, its organizational documents shall provide that for so long as any portion of the Indebtedness is outstanding, no Special Member may resign or transfer its rights as Special Member unless (y) a successor Special Member has been admitted to such Single Member LLC as a Special Member, and (z) such successor Special Member has also accepted its appointment as the Independent Director. "Special Member" has the meaning provided in the definition of "Single Purpose Entity." "SPE Equity Owner" means, (a) with respect to each Mortgage Borrower other than Ashford Bucks County LLC, Ashford Senior General Partner LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and (b) with respect to Ashford Bucks County LLC, (i) Borrower and (ii) Bucks County Member LLC, a Delaware limited liability company. "SPE Equity Owner's Certificate" means the SPE Equity Owner's Certificate in form and substance satisfactory to Lender dated as of the Closing Date. "Spread" means 7.20%. "Strike Rate" means 6% per annum. 22 "Sub-Account" shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.11(c). "Subordination, Attornment and Security Agreement" shall mean for each Operating Lease, a Subordination, Attornment and Security Agreement or other similar agreement among Lender, Borrower, the applicable Mortgage Borrower and the Operating Lessee, in form and substance acceptable to Lender, as the same may be amended, restated, replaced, supplemented or otherwise modified in accordance with the terms hereof. "Survey" means, with respect to each Individual Property, a survey of such Individual Property satisfactory to Lender, (i) prepared by a registered Independent surveyor satisfactory to Lender and Title Insurer and containing a surveyor's certification satisfactory to Lender, (ii) together with a metes and bounds or platted lot/block legal description of the land corresponding with the survey, and (iii) prepared based on a scope of work determined by Lender in Lender's discretion. "Taking" has the meaning, with respect to each Individual Property, provided in the Mortgages for such Individual Property. "Tax Fair Market Value" means, with respect to the Pledged Collateral, the fair market value of the Pledged Collateral. "Third Extended Maturity Date" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.10. "Third Extension Term" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.10. "Title Instruction Letter" means an instruction letter in form and substance satisfactory to Lender in Lender's discretion. "Title Insurance Policy" means, with respect to each Individual Property, an owner's loan policy of title insurance for such Individual Property naming Mortgage Lender as the insured party issued by Title Insurer with respect to such Individual Property in an amount acceptable to Mortgage Lender and containing a "mezzanine lender's rights" or similar endorsement acceptable to Lender. "Title Insurer" means Chicago Title Insurance Company and First American Title Insurance Company, as co-insurers. "Transaction Costs" means all fees, costs, expenses and disbursements of Lender relating to the Transactions, including, without limitation, all appraisal fees, legal fees, accounting fees and the costs and expenses described in Section 8.24. "Transactions" means the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents. "Transfer" means any conveyance, transfer (including, without limitation, any transfer of any direct or indirect legal or beneficial interest (including, without limitation, any 23 profit interest) in Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee or any SPE Equity Owner, any sale, any Lease (including, without limitation, any amendment, extension, modification, waiver or renewal thereof), or any sale, or Lien, whether by law or otherwise, of, on or affecting any Pledged Collateral, any Collateral, and Mortgage Borrower, Borrower, Operating Lessee or any SPE Equity Owner, other than a Permitted Transfer. "TRS Pledge Agreement" means that certain Pledge and Security Agreement from Ashford TRS Corporation to Lender dated as of the date hereof. "TRS Recognition Agreement" means that certain Recognition Agreement among Ashford TRS Corporation, Lender and Operating Lessee. "UCC" means, with respect to any Pledged Collateral, the Uniform Commercial Code in effect in the jurisdiction in which the relevant Pledged Collateral is located. "UCC Searches" has the meaning provided in Section 3.1. ARTICLE 2 GENERAL TERMS Section 2.1 Amount of the Loan. Lender shall lend to Borrower a total aggregate amount equal to the Loan Amount. Section 2.2 Use of Proceeds. Proceeds of the Loan shall be used for the following purposes: (a) to make an equity contribution to Mortgage Borrower in order to cause Mortgage Borrower to use such amounts for any use permitted by Section 2.2 of the Mortgage Loan Agreement, (b) to fund any upfront reserves or escrow amounts required hereunder, and (c) to pay any Transaction Costs. Any excess will be available to Borrower and may be used for any lawful purpose. Section 2.3 Security for the Loan. The Note and Borrower's obligations hereunder and under the other Loan Documents shall be secured by, and Borrower hereby grants, pledges, hypothecates, transfers and assigns to Lender a first priority and continuing lien on and first priority security in, all of Borrower's right, title, ownership, equity or other interests in and to the Pledged Collateral and the other security interests and Liens granted in this Agreement and in the other Loan Documents. Section 2.4 Borrower's Note. (a) Borrower's obligation to pay the principal of and interest on the Loan (including Late Charges, Default Rate interest, and the Prepayment Premium, if any), shall be evidenced by this Agreement and by the Note, duly executed and delivered by Borrower. The Note shall be payable as to principal, interest, Late Charges, Default Rate interest and 24 Prepayment Premium, if any, as specified in this Agreement, with a final maturity on the Maturity Date. Borrower shall pay all outstanding Indebtedness on the Maturity Date. (b) Lender is hereby authorized, at its option, to endorse on a schedule attached to the Note (or on a continuation of such schedule attached to the Note and made a part thereof) an appropriate notation evidencing the date and amount of each payment of principal, interest, Late Charges, Default Rate interest and Prepayment Premium, if any, in respect thereof, which schedule shall be made available to Borrower, at Borrower's sole cost and expense on reasonable advance notice, for examination at Lender's offices. Section 2.5 Principal and Interest Payments. (a) Accrual of Interest. Interest shall accrue on the outstanding principal balance of the Note and all other amounts due to Lender under the Loan Documents at the Interest Rate. (b) Monthly Payments of Interest at the LIBOR Interest Rate. On each Payment Date, Borrower shall pay to Lender interest on the unpaid Principal Indebtedness calculated at the LIBOR Interest Rate which has accrued and will accrue under such Note through the last day of the Interest Accrual Period in which such Payment Date occurs. (c) Payment Dates. All payments required to be made pursuant to paragraph (b) above shall be made beginning on the first Payment Date; provided, however, that Borrower shall pay interest for the first Interest Accrual Period on the Closing Date. (d) Calculation of Interest. Interest shall accrue on the outstanding principal balance of the Loan and all other amounts due to Lender under the Loan Documents commencing upon the Closing Date. Interest shall be computed on the actual number of days elapsed, based on a 360-day year. (e) Default Rate Interest. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, and at the sole option of Lender and without need for notice to the Borrower, the entire unpaid amount outstanding hereunder and under the Note will bear interest at the Default Rate. (f) Late Charge. If Borrower fails to make any payment of any sums due under the Loan Documents on the date when the same is due, Borrower shall pay a Late Charge. (g) Maturity Date. On the Maturity Date, Borrower shall pay to Lender all amounts owing under the Loan Documents including, without limitation, interest, principal, Late Charges, Default Rate interest and any Prepayment Premium. (h) Prepayment Premium. Upon any repayment or prepayment of the Principal Indebtedness, including, without limitation, in connection with an acceleration of the 25 Loan, but excluding a prepayment made in connection with Section 2.6(b) or (e) hereof, Borrower shall pay to Lender on the date of such repayment, prepayment or acceleration of the Loan the Prepayment Premium applicable thereto. All Prepayment Premium payments hereunder shall be deemed earned by Lender upon the funding of the Loan. Section 2.6 Prepayment (a) Provided that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing hereunder, Borrower may prepay the Indebtedness in full (or in part solely in connection with the consummation of a Partial Release) at any time after October 1, 2005, provided that (i) simultaneously therewith, the applicable Mortgage Borrower shall make a prepayment of principal of the Mortgage Loan pursuant to the terms of and in accordance with Section 2.6 of the Mortgage Loan Agreement, (ii) such prepayment of Indebtedness shall bear the same proportion to the Principal Amount of the Loan immediately prior to such payment as the prepayment of the Mortgage Loan bears to the principal amount of the Mortgage Loan prior to such prepayment, and (iii) in the event that such prepayment is not on a Payment Date, simultaneously therewith, Borrower pays to Lender all interest accrued on the amount of the Loan prepaid through the last day of the Interest Accrual Period during which such prepayment occurs. (b) At any time during the term of the Loan, if any Mortgage Borrower is required by Mortgage Lender under the provisions of any Mortgage to prepay the Mortgage Loan or any portion thereof in the event of damage to or destruction of, or a Taking of any Individual Property, Borrower shall cause such Mortgage Borrower to pay any Insurance Proceeds or Condemnation Proceeds in the following manner and order of priority (i) first, to prepay the Mortgage Loan to the full extent of the Insurance Proceeds or the Condemnation Proceeds, as applicable, to the extent of the Allocated Loan Amount (as defined in the Mortgage Loan Agreement) for the applicable Individual Property, (ii) second, to prepay the Loan to the full extent of the Allocated Mezzanine Loan Amount for the applicable Individual Property, (iii) third, to Lender and Mortgage Lender pro rata to prepay the Loan and the Mortgage Loan to the extent of the positive difference between the sum of the Release Price and the Mortgage Loan Release Price for such Individual Property and the combined Allocated Loan Amount for the Loan and the Mortgage Loan for such Individual Property, and (iv) to Mortgage Borrowers. (c) All prepayments of the Indebtedness made pursuant to this Section shall be applied by Lender in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.7. (d) Borrower shall not be permitted at any time to prepay all or any part of the Loan, except as expressly provided in this Section 2.6 and 2.15. (e) Intentionally Omitted. (f) Intentionally Omitted. (g) Intentionally Omitted. 26 (h) In the event that the Mortgage Loan is paid in full at any time prior to the Maturity Date of the Loan, the Indebtedness shall then be immediately due and payable regardless of the Maturity Date of the Loan. Section 2.7 Application of Payments. At all times, all proceeds of repayment, including without limitation any payment or recovery on the Pledged Collateral and any prepayments on the Loan, shall be applied to the Note and to such amounts payable by Borrower under the Loan Documents in such order and in such manner as Lender shall elect in Lender's discretion. Section 2.8 Payment of Debt Service, Method and Place of Payment. (a) Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, all payments and prepayments under this Agreement and the Note shall be made to Lender not later than 12:00 noon, New York City time, on the date when due, and shall be made in lawful money of the United States of America in federal or other immediately available funds to an account specified to Borrower by Lender in writing, and any funds received by Lender after such time, for all purposes hereof, shall be deemed to have been paid on the next succeeding Business Day. (b) All payments made by Borrower hereunder or by Borrower under the other Loan Documents, shall be made irrespective of, and without any deduction for, any set-offs or counterclaims. Section 2.9 Taxes; Funding Losses; Changes in Law. (a) All payments made by Borrower under this Agreement and under the other Loan Documents shall be made free and clear of, and without deduction or withholding for or on account of, any present or future income, stamp or other taxes, levies, imposts, duties, charges, fees, deductions or withholdings, and all liabilities with respect thereto, now or hereafter imposed, levied, collected, withheld or assessed by any Governmental Authority (all such non-excluded taxes, levies, imposts, duties, charges, fees, deductions, withholdings and liabilities, collectively, "Applicable Taxes"). If Borrower shall be required by law to deduct any Applicable Taxes from or in respect of any sum payable hereunder to Lender, the following shall apply: (i) Borrower shall make all such required deductions, (ii) the sum payable to Lender shall be increased as may be necessary so that after making all required deductions (including deductions applicable to additional sums payable under this Section 2.9(a)), Lender receives an amount equal to the sum Lender would have received had no such deductions been made and (iii) Borrower shall pay the full amount deducted to the relevant taxing authority or other authority in accordance with applicable law. Payments made pursuant to this Section 2.9(a) shall be made within ten (10) Business Days after Lender makes written demand therefor. (b) Borrower shall pay to Lender all Funding Losses incurred from time to time by Lender upon demand. Lender shall deliver to Borrower a statement for any such sums to which Lender is entitled to receive pursuant to this Section 2.9(b), which statement shall 27 be binding and conclusive absent manifest error. Payment of Funding Losses hereunder shall be in addition to any obligation to pay a Prepayment Premium in circumstances where such Prepayment Premium would be due and owing. Section 2.10 Extension Options. Borrower has the right to extend the term of the Loan for three additional terms of twelve (12) months each (each, an "Extension Term"), with the first additional term ("First Extension Term") having a maturity date that is the date that is the twelfth Payment Date following the Initial Maturity Date ("First Extended Maturity Date"), the second additional term ("Second Extension Term") having a maturity date that is the date that is the twelfth Payment Date following the First Extended Maturity Date ("Second Extended Maturity Date") and the third additional term ("Third Extension Term") having a maturity date that is the date that is the twelfth Payment Date following the Second Extended Maturity Date "(Third Extended Maturity Date"). Borrower shall exercise the right to exercise any extension option under this Section 2.10 by giving Lender notice of such election at least ninety (90) days prior to (i) the Initial Maturity Date, in the case of exercising the option to extend the term of the Loan to the First Extended Maturity Date, (ii) the First Extended Maturity Date, in the case of exercising the option to extend the term of the Loan to the Second Extended Maturity Date and (ii) the Second Extended Maturity Date, in the case of the option to extend the term of the Loan to the Third Extended Maturity Date. Upon receipt of any such request by Borrower to extend the term of the Loan, Lender will notify Borrower whether or not the term of the Loan will be so extended, which extension shall be granted upon satisfaction of each of the following conditions in Lender's sole discretion: (a) No Event of Default exists as of the date of Borrower's extension option election notice to Lender and as of the Initial Maturity Date the First Extended Maturity Date or the Second Extended Maturity Date, as applicable, and Borrower delivers Lender an Officer's Certificate confirming same; (b) No Mortgage Loan Event of Default exists as of the date of Borrower's extension option election notice to Lender and as of the Initial Maturity Date, the First Extended Maturity Date, or the Second Extended Maturity Date, as applicable, and the Borrower delivers to Lender an Officer's Certificate confirming same; (c) On or prior to the Initial Maturity Date, the First Extended Maturity Date, or the Second Extended Maturity Date, as applicable, Borrower either (A) extends the term of the Initial Interest Rate Cap Agreement to a date not earlier than the First Extended Maturity Date, the Second Extended Maturity Date or the Third Extended Maturity Date , as applicable, or (B) obtains an Extension Interest Rate Cap Agreement for the applicable Extension Term with a LIBOR Rate strike price equal to the Strike Price, and collaterally assigned such Extension Interest Rate Cap Agreement to Lender pursuant to an assignment of interest rate cap agreement in the same form as the Interest Rate Cap; and (d) intentionally omitted; 28 (e) in each case, the Maturity Date under, and as defined in, the Mortgage Loan Agreement is contemporaneously extended to the First Extended Maturity Date or the Second Extended Maturity Date, as applicable, and Borrower shall provide Lender copies of any and all notice and correspondence relating to Borrower's exercise of its extension options under the Mortgage Loan Agreement; If any of the foregoing conditions are not satisfied in Lender's sole discretion, Lender shall have no obligation to extend the term of the Loan. Upon Borrower's exercise of its rights under this Section 2.10 and Lender's extension of the term of the Loan in connection therewith, the defined term "Maturity Date" shall be deemed to be the First Extended Maturity Date, the Second Extended Maturity Date or the Third Extended Maturity Date, as applicable. Section 2.11 Central Cash Management. (a) Borrower shall cause Mortgage Borrower to comply with Section 2.11 and Section 2.12 of the Mortgage Loan Agreement. (b) On or before the Closing Date, Lender shall establish and maintain with Deposit Account Bank a collection account (the "Deposit Account"), which shall be an Eligible Account with a separate and unique identification number and entitled "[_______________]". Subject to the terms of Section 2.11(d)(vii) of the Mortgage Loan Agreement, an amount equal to the scheduled monthly interest payment portion of Debt Service shall be deposited into the Deposit Account and pursuant to Section 2.11(d)(x) of the Mortgage Loan Agreement, all amounts then remaining in the Cash Collateral Account shall be deposited into the Deposit Account. Borrower shall not have any right to withdraw money from the Deposit Account, which shall be under the sole dominion and the "control," within the meaning of Sections 9-104 and 9-106 of the UCC, of Lender. Any such funds held by Borrower prior to deposit into the Deposit Account shall be held in trust for the benefit of Lender. (c) Establishment of Sub-Accounts. The Deposit Account shall contain a Debt Service Payment Sub-Account and a Cash Management Fee Sub-Account, each of which accounts (individually, a "Sub-Account" and collectively, the "Sub-Accounts") shall be an Eligible Account to which certain funds shall be allocated and from which disbursements shall be made pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. (d) Monthly Funding of Sub-Accounts. During each Interest Accrual Period and, except as provided below, during the term of the Loan commencing with the Interest Accrual Period in which the Closing Date occurs (each, the "Current Interest Accrual Period"), Lender shall allocate all funds then on deposit in the Deposit Account among the Sub-Accounts as follows and in the following priority: (i) first, to the Debt Service Payment Sub-Account, until an amount equal to the Required Debt Service Payment for the Payment Date immediately after the Current Interest Accrual Period has been allocated to the Debt Service Payment Sub-Account; and 29 (ii) second, funds sufficient to pay the amounts then due Deposit Account Bank shall be deposited in the Cash Management Fee Sub-Account; and (iii) third, provided that (i) no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, and (ii) Lender has received all financial information described in Section 5.1(P) for the most recent periods for which the same are due, Lender agrees that in each Current Interest Accrual Period any amounts deposited into or remaining in the Deposit Account after the minimum amounts set forth in clauses (i) and (ii), above have been satisfied with respect to the Current Interest Accrual Period and any periods prior thereto shall be disbursed by Lender on a weekly basis at Borrower's expense, to such account that Borrower may request in writing. Lender and its agents shall not be responsible for monitoring Borrower's use of any funds disbursed from the Deposit Account or any of the Sub-Accounts. If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, any amounts deposited into or remaining in the Deposit Account shall be for the account of Lender and may be withdrawn by Lender to be applied in any manner as Lender may elect in Lender's discretion. If an Event of Default has occurred and exists or if on any Payment Date the balance in any Sub-Account is insufficient to make the required payment due from such Sub-Account, Lender may, in its sole discretion, in addition to any other rights and remedies available hereunder, withdraw funds from any other Sub-Account to (a) pay such deficiency or (b) apply to payment of the Indebtedness. If Lender elects to apply funds of any such Sub-Account to pay any Required Debt Service Payment, Borrower shall, upon demand, repay to Lender the amount of such withdrawn funds to replenish such Sub-Account, and if Borrower shall fail to repay such amounts within five (5) days after notice of such withdrawal, an Event of Default shall exist hereunder. (e) Payment of Debt Service and Deposit Account Bank Fees. (i) Payment of Debt Service. At or before 12:00 noon, New York City time, on each Payment Date during the term of the Loan, Lender shall transfer to Lender's own account from the Debt Service Payment Sub-Account an amount equal to the Required Debt Service Payment for the applicable Payment Date. Borrower shall be deemed to have timely made the Required Debt Service Payment regardless of the time Lender makes such transfer as long as sufficient funds are on deposit in the Debt Service Payment Sub-Account at 12:00 noon, New York City time on the applicable Payment Date. At all times after such Payment Date Lender may, at its option, transfer amounts in the Debt Service Payment Sub-Account to Lender's own account, provided that Borrower shall receive credit against the Required Debt Service Payment in the amounts so transferred to Lender such that in any given Current Interest Accrual Period Borrower shall not be required to deposit into the Debt Service Payment Sub-Account any amounts in excess of the aggregate amount of the Required Debt Service Payment for such Current Interest Accrual Period. 30 (ii) Payment of Deposit Account Bank Fees. Not more frequently than once each Interest Accrual Period, Lender shall transfer to the Deposit Account Bank an amount equal to the amount of the monthly fee payable to the Deposit Account Bank under the Deposit Account Agreement. (f) Permitted Investments. Upon the written request of Borrower, which request may be made once per Interest Accrual Period, Lender shall direct the Deposit Account Bank to invest and reinvest any balance in the Deposit Account from time to time in Permitted Investments as instructed by Borrower; provided, however, that: (i) if Borrower fails to so instruct Lender, or if a Default or an Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing, Lender shall direct the Deposit Account Bank to invest and reinvest such balance in Permitted Investments as Lender shall determine in Lender's discretion; (ii) the maturities of the Permitted Investments on deposit in the Deposit Account shall, to the extent such dates are ascertainable, be selected and coordinated to become due not later than the day before any disbursements from the Sub-Accounts must be made; (iii) all such Permitted Investments shall be held in the name and be under the sole dominion and control of Lender; (iv) no Permitted Investment shall be made unless Lender shall retain a first priority perfected Lien in such Permitted Investment and all filings and other actions necessary to ensure the validity, perfection, and priority of such Lien have been taken; (v) Lender shall only be required to follow the written investment instructions which were most recently received by Lender and Borrower shall be bound by such last received investment instructions; and (vi) any request from Borrower containing investment instructions shall contain an Officer's Certificate from Borrower (which may conclusively relied upon by Lender and its agents) that any such investments constitute Permitted Investments. It is the intention of the parties hereto that all amounts deposited in the Deposit Account shall at all times be invested in Permitted Investments. All funds in the Deposit Account that are invested in a Permitted Investment are deemed to be held in such Deposit Account for all purposes of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents. Lender shall have no liability for any loss in investments of funds in the Deposit Account that are invested in Permitted Investments (unless invested contrary to Borrower's request other than after the occurrence of a Default or an Event of Default) and no such loss shall affect Borrower's obligation to fund, or liability for funding, the Deposit Account and each Sub-Account, as the case may be. Borrower and Lender agree that Borrower shall include all such earnings and losses (other than those for Lender's account in accordance with the immediately preceding sentence) on the Deposit Account as income of Borrower for federal and applicable state tax purposes. Borrower shall be responsible for any and all fees, costs and expenses with respect to Permitted Investments. (g) Interest on Accounts. All interest paid or other earnings on the Permitted Investments made hereunder shall be income of the Borrower and applied in the manner and priority set forth in Section 2.11(d) hereof. (h) Termination of Central Cash Management. The obligations of Borrower under Section 2.11 and Section 2.12 to maintain and fund the Deposit Account shall terminate in their entirety and be of no further force or effect upon the satisfaction of each of the following conditions: (i) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing; 31 (ii) the release by Lender of its liens on the Pledged Collateral in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents; and (iii) Borrower's receipt of Lender's written acknowledgment that the conditions described in (i) and (ii) above have been satisfied to Lender's satisfaction. (i) Senior Loan Accounts. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, if at any time and for any reason (including, without limitation, the satisfaction of the Mortgage Loan), the Mortgage Borrowers are no longer maintaining any of the accounts or Sub-Accounts (as defined in the Mortgage Loan Agreement) that it is required to maintain under and in accordance with the terms of the Mortgage Loan Documents, (i) Borrower shall be required to promptly establish and maintain with Lender and for the benefit of Lender reserves in replacement and substitution thereof, which substitute reserves shall be subject to all of the same terms and conditions applicable under the Mortgage Loan Documents with respect to the accounts and Sub-Accounts (as defined in the Mortgage Loan Agreement) being replaced and be otherwise reasonably satisfactory to Lender, and Borrower shall, and shall cause each Mortgage Borrower to acknowledge and agree to the amendments to this Agreement relating to such substitution to cash management provided such amendments are substantially similar to those contained in the Mortgage Loan Agreement; and (ii) to the extent agreed to by Mortgage Lender under the Mortgage Loan Documents, Borrower shall or shall cause Mortgage Lender to remit to Lender any funds from accounts or Sub-Accounts (as defined in the Mortgage Loan Agreement) that were remaining in such reserves at the time of the termination of such reserves for the purpose of funding the equivalent substitute reserves. Section 2.12. Security Agreement. (a) Pledge of Accounts. To secure the full and punctual payment and performance of all of the Indebtedness, Borrower hereby sells, assigns, conveys, pledges and transfers to Lender and grants to Lender a first priority and continuing Lien on and security interest in and to the Account Collateral. (b) Instructions and Agreements. On or before the Closing Date, Borrower and the Deposit Account Bank will execute and deliver a Deposit Account Agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Lender in Lender's discretion (the "Deposit Account Agreement"). Borrower agrees that prior to the payment in full of the Indebtedness, the Deposit Account Agreement shall be irrevocable by Borrower without the prior written consent of Lender. (c) Financing Statements; Further Assurances. Borrower hereby authorizes Lender to file a financing statement or statements in connection with the Account Collateral in the form required to properly perfect Lender's security interest in the Account Collateral to the extent that it may be perfected by such a filing. Borrower agrees that at any time and from time to time, at the expense of Borrower, Borrower shall promptly execute and deliver all further instruments, and take all further action, that Lender may reasonably request, in order to perfect and protect the pledge, security interest and Lien granted or purported to be 32 granted hereby, or to enable Lender to exercise and enforce Lender's rights and remedies hereunder with respect to, the Account Collateral. (d) Transfers and Other Liens. Borrower agrees that it will not sell or otherwise dispose of any of the Account Collateral other than pursuant to the terms hereof and of the other Loan Documents, or create or permit to exist any Lien upon or with respect to all or any of the Account Collateral, except for the Lien granted to Lender under this Agreement. (e) Lender's Reasonable Care. Beyond the exercise of reasonable care in the custody thereof, Lender shall not have any duty as to any Account Collateral or any income thereon in Lender's possession or control or in the possession or control of any agents for, or of Lender, or the preservation of rights against any Person or otherwise with respect thereto. Lender shall be deemed to have exercised reasonable care in the custody of the Account Collateral in Lender's possession if the Account Collateral is accorded treatment substantially equal to that which Lender accords Lender's own property, it being understood that Lender shall not be liable or responsible for (i) any loss or damage to any of the Account Collateral, or for any diminution in value thereof from a loss of, or delay in Lender's acknowledging receipt of, any wire transfer from the Deposit Account Bank or (ii) any loss, damage or diminution in value by reason of the act or omission of Lender, or Lender's agents, employees or bailees, except for any loss, damage or diminution in value resulting from the gross negligence, fraud or willful misconduct of Lender, its agents or employees. (f) Lender Appointed Attorney-In-Fact. Borrower hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints Lender as Borrower's true and lawful attorney-in-fact, with full power of substitution, at any time after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default to execute, acknowledge and deliver any instruments and to exercise and enforce every right, power, remedy, option and privilege of Borrower with respect to the Account Collateral, and do in the name, place and stead of Borrower, all such acts, things and deeds for and on behalf of and in the name of Borrower with respect to the Account Collateral, which Borrower could or might do or which Lender may deem necessary or desirable to more fully vest in Lender the rights and remedies provided for herein with respect to the Account Collateral and to accomplish the purposes of this Agreement. The foregoing powers of attorney are irrevocable and coupled with an interest. (g) Continuing Security Interest; Termination. This Section shall create a continuing pledge of, Lien on and security interest in the Account Collateral and shall remain in full force and effect until payment in full of the Indebtedness. Upon payment in full of the Indebtedness, Borrower shall be entitled to the return, upon Borrower's written request and at Borrower's expense, of such of the Account Collateral as shall not have been sold or otherwise applied pursuant to the terms hereof, and Lender shall execute such instruments and documents as may be reasonably requested by Borrower in writing to evidence such termination and the release of the pledge and Lien hereof, provided, however, that Borrower shall pay on demand all of Lender's expenses in connection therewith. Section 2.13. Secondary Market Transactions. 33 (a) Borrower hereby acknowledges that Lender may in one or more transactions (i) sell or securitize the Loan or portions thereof in one or more transactions through the issuance of securities, which securities may be rated by one or more of the Rating Agencies, (ii) sell or otherwise transfer the Loan or any portion thereof one or more times, (iii) sell participation interests (including without limitation, senior and subordinate participation interests) in the Loan one or more times, (iv) re-securitize the securities issued in connection with any securitization, or (v) further divide the Loan into more separate notes or components, or change the principal balances (but not increase the aggregate principal balance) or interest rates of such notes (including, without limitation, senior and subordinate notes or components) (the transactions referred to in clauses (i) through (v), each a "Secondary Market Transaction" and collectively "Secondary Market Transactions"). (b) With respect to any Secondary Market Transaction described in Section 2.13(a)(v) above, such notes or note components may be assigned different interest rates, so long as, at such time the weighted average of the relevant interest rates equals the LIBOR Interest Rate; provided, that after an Event of Default Borrower recognizes that, in the case of prepayments, the weighted average interest rate of the Loan may increase because Lender shall have the right to apply principal payments to one or more notes or components with lower rates of interest before applying principal payments to one or more notes or components with higher rates of interest and provided, further, that the principal balance of the Note shall not change. Lender shall have the same rights to sell or otherwise transfer, participate or securitize one or more of the divided, amended, modified or otherwise changed notes or components, individually or collectively, as Lender has with respect to the Loan. (c) Borrower agrees that it shall cooperate with Lender and use Borrower's commercially reasonable efforts to facilitate the consummation of each Secondary Market Transaction including, without limitation, by: (i) amending or causing the amendment of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, and executing such additional documents, instruments and agreements including amendments to Borrower's organizational documents and preparing financial statements as requested by the Rating Agencies to conform the terms of the Loan to the terms of similar loans underlying completed or pending secondary market transactions having or seeking ratings similar to those then being sought in connection with the relevant Secondary Market Transaction; (ii) promptly and reasonably providing such information (including, without limitation, financial information) as may be requested in connection with the preparation of a private placement memorandum, prospectus or a registration statement required to privately place or publicly distribute the securities in a manner which does not conflict with federal or state securities laws; (iii) providing in connection with each of (A) a preliminary and a final private placement memorandum or other offering documents or (B) a preliminary and final prospectus, as applicable, an indemnification certificate (x) certifying that Borrower has carefully examined such private placement memorandum, prospectus, registration statement or other offering document, as applicable, including, without limitation, the sections entitled "Special Considerations," "Description of the Mortgage Loan," "The Underlying Mortgaged Property," "The Manager," "Borrower" and "Certain Legal Aspects of the Mortgage Loan," and such sections (and any other sections requested) insofar as they relate to Borrower, its Affiliates, 34 the Loan or any Individual Property does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that Borrower shall not be required to indemnify Lender for any losses relating to untrue statements or omissions which Borrower identified to Lender in writing at the time of Borrower's examination of such memorandum or prospectus, as applicable, and (y) indemnifying (i) Lender and each of its affiliates and their respective successors and assigns (including their respective officers, directors, partners, employees, attorneys, accountants, professionals and agents and each other person, if any, controlling Lender or any of its affiliates within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), or Section 20 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") (each, including Lender, an "Indemnified Party") and the (ii) party that has filed the registration statement relating to the Secondary Market Transaction (the "Registration Statement"), each of its directors and officers who have signed the Registration Statement and each Person that controls such Party within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act (collective, the "Underwriter Group"), for any losses, claims, damages, costs, expenses or liabilities (including, without limitation, all liabilities under all applicable federal and state securities laws) (collectively, the "Liabilities") to which any of them may become subject (a) insofar as the Liabilities arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact relating to Borrower, its Affiliates, the Loan, any Individual Property, any Manager, the Mortgage Borrowers, the Mortgage Loan and Operating Lessee contained in such sections or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated in such sections or necessary in order to make the statements in such sections, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading or (b) as a result of any untrue statement of material fact in any of the financial statements of Borrower incorporated into any placement memorandum, prospectus, registration statement or other document connected with the issuance of securities or the failure to include in such financial statements or in any placement memorandum, prospectus, registration statement or other document connected with the issuance of securities any material fact relating to Borrower, its Affiliates, any Individual Property, the Loan, any Manager, the Mortgage Borrowers, the Mortgage Loan and the Operating Lessee necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and (z) agreeing to reimburse the Indemnified Party and the Underwriter Group for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Indemnified Party and the Underwriter Group in connection with investigating or defending the Liabilities; (iv) causing to be rendered such customary opinion letters as shall be requested by the Rating Agencies for other secondary market or transactions having or seeking ratings comparable to that then being sought for the relevant Secondary Market Transaction; (v) making such representations, warranties and covenants, as may be reasonably requested by the Rating Agencies and comparable to those required in other secondary market transactions having or seeking the same rating as is then being sought for the Secondary Market Transaction; (vi) providing such information regarding the Collateral or the Pledged Collateral as may be reasonably requested by the Rating Agencies or otherwise required in connection with the formation of a REMIC; and (vii) providing any other information and materials required in the Secondary Market Transaction. 35 (d) Borrower agrees to participate and cooperate in any meetings with the Rating Agencies or Investors, and providing any other information and materials reasonably required in the Secondary Market Transaction to make the certificates offered in such Secondary Market Transaction saleable in the secondary market and to obtain ratings from two or more rating agencies; (e) Borrower acknowledges and agrees that the Lender may, at any time on or after the Closing Date, assign its duties, rights or obligations hereunder or under any Loan Document in whole, or in part, to a servicer and/or a trustee in Lender's discretion. Nothing herein shall in any way limit Lender's right to sell all or a portion of the Loan in a transaction which is not a Secondary Market Transaction. (f) Lender shall reimburse Borrower for all reasonable out-of-pocket costs incurred by the Borrower in connection with complying with their obligations set forth in this Section 2.13, provided, however that the Borrower shall remain responsible for all of Borrower's reasonable and customary legal and accounting fees not to exceed $10,000 and all indemnity and related obligations incurred by Borrower or its Affiliates. (g) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein or in any other Loan Document, Lender reserves the right to increase, decrease, or otherwise re-allocate the outstanding principal balances of any and all of the Mortgage Notes and the Note, and Borrower covenants and agrees to, and to cause the Mortgage Borrowers to execute amendments to the Note, this Agreement, and the other Loan Documents, the Mortgage Notes, the Mortgage Loan Documents and the Borrower's organizational documents reasonably requested by Lender or Mortgage Lender in connection with any such re-allocation, provided that such modification shall not (a) increase the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Notes and the Mezzanine Note, (b) increase the weighted average interest rate of the Loan and the Mortgage Loan existing on the date of such modification, (c) change the stated maturity date of the Loan as set forth herein, or (d) modify or amend any other economic or other term of the Loan. Section 2.14. Interest Rate Cap Agreement. (a) On the Closing Date, Borrower shall obtain, and thereafter maintain in effect, the Initial Interest Rate Cap Agreement, which shall be coterminous with the Initial Maturity Date and have a notional amount equal to the Loan Amount. The Initial Interest Rate Cap Agreement shall have a LIBOR strike rate equal to or less than the Strike Rate. (b) If Borrower exercises any option to extend the term of the Loan pursuant to Section 2.10, then on or prior to the commencement of the applicable Extension Term, Borrower shall obtain an Extension Interest Rate Cap Agreement having (x) a term coterminous with such Extension Term, (y) a notional amount at least equal to the Principal Indebtedness as of the first day of such Extension Term, and (z) a LIBOR strike rate equal to or less than the Strike Rate. 36 (c) Borrower shall collaterally assign to Lender pursuant to the Rate Cap Pledge and Security Agreement all of its right, title and interest in any and all payments under each Interest Rate Cap Agreement and shall deliver to Lender an executed counterpart of such Rate Cap Pledge and Security Agreement and obtain the consent of the Acceptable Counterparty to such collateral assignment (as evidenced by the Acceptable Counterparty's execution of a separate acknowledgment to such Rate Cap Pledge and Security Agreement). (d) Borrower shall comply with all of its obligations under the terms and provisions of each Interest Rate Cap Agreement. All amounts paid under an Interest Rate Cap Agreement shall be deposited directly into the Deposit Account. Borrower shall take all actions reasonably requested by Lender to enforce Lender's rights under the Rate Cap Pledge and Security Agreement in the event of a default by the counterparty thereunder and shall not waive, amend or otherwise modify any of its rights thereunder without Lender's reasonable consent (which consent may be conditioned on receipt of a Rating Agency Confirmation). Section 2.15. Partial Release. Provided that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing under any of the Loan Documents, at any time after October 1, 2005, Borrower may cause each Mortgage Borrower to obtain the release of such Individual Property (a "Partial Release") from the lien of the applicable Mortgage (and other Loan Documents) and the release of such Mortgage Borrower's and Operating Lessee's ongoing obligations under the Mortgage Loan Documents with respect to such Individual Property (other than those expressly stated to survive) so long as all of the following conditions shall have been satisfied: (a) Borrower has provided Lender with no less than thirty (30) days, but no more than ninety (90) days, prior written notice of the applicable Mortgage Borrower's request to obtain a release of the applicable Individual Property; (b) Lender shall have received a prepayment of the Loan in an amount equal to the greater of (a) in the event that the Partial Release will result in an aggregate prepayment of five million, nine hundred fifty-two thousand, three hundred eighty dollars ($5,952,380) or less, 100% of the Allocated Mezzanine Loan Amount of the Individual Property sold or (b) in the event that the Partial Release will result in an aggregate prepayment of greater than five million, nine hundred fifty-two thousand, three hundred eighty dollars ($5,952,380), 115% of the Allocated Mezzanine Loan Amount for the Individual Property sold (either (a), or (b) the "Release Price"), which prepayment shall be accompanied by (i) all accrued and unpaid interest allocable to the portion of the Principal Indebtedness being prepaid as of the date of such prepayment, (ii) if such prepayment is not made on a Payment Date, the interest which would have accrued thereon to the next monthly Payment Date with respect to the amount prepaid, (iii) the applicable Yield Maintenance Premium on the Principal Indebtedness being prepaid pursuant to such Partial Release, and (iv) any and all other sums due under the Loan Documents in connection with a partial prepayment of the Loan; (c) Mortgage Lender shall have received a prepayment of the Mortgage Loan simultaneously with the prepayment described in the immediately preceding subsection (b) equal to the Mortgage Loan Release Price; 37 (d) the applicable Mortgage Borrower shall have complied with all of the terms and provisions regarding such Partial Release set forth in the Mortgage Loan Agreement, the applicable Mortgage and the other Mortgage Loan Documents; (e) the requirements of Section 2.15(f) of the Mortgage Loan Agreement with respect to the required Debt Service Coverage Ratio for the remaining Individual Properties shall be satisfied, and Borrower shall deliver to Lender an Officer's Certificate confirming same; (f) Borrower shall execute (i) amendments to the Loan Documents to the extent necessary (as determined by Lender in its reasonable discretion to document and reflect the Partial Release); (g) Lender shall have received reimbursement in full of all of Lender's fees, costs and expenses, including without limitation, reasonable legal counsel fees and disbursements incurred in connection with the Partial Release, and the review and approval of all documents and information required to be delivered in connection therewith; and In the event that Borrower shall cause any Mortgage Borrower to obtain a Partial Release of its applicable Individual Property pursuant to the terms and conditions of this Section 2.15, Borrower may, upon its request, obtain a release of the lien upon the portion of the Pledged Equity applicable to such Mortgage Borrower, and Lender shall, upon Borrower's request and at Borrower's sole cost and expense, (a) execute such releases and other documentation as may be reasonably necessary to effect such release, and (b) promptly return to Borrower the Certificates applicable to such Mortgage Borrower. ARTICLE 3. CONDITIONS PRECEDENT Section 3.1. Conditions Precedent to the Making of the Loan. (a) As a condition precedent to the making of the Loan, Borrower shall have satisfied the following conditions (unless waived by Lender in accordance with Section 8.4) on or before the Closing Date: (A) Loan Documents. (i) Loan Agreement. Borrower shall have executed and delivered this Agreement to Lender. (ii) Note. Borrower shall have executed and delivered to Lender the Note. 38 (iii) Interest Rate Cap Agreement. Borrower shall have delivered to Lender the Interest Rate Cap Agreement in a form acceptable to Lender form an Acceptable Counterparty. (iv) Mezzanine Loan Documents. Borrower and Guarantor, as applicable, shall have executed and delivered to Lender the Pledge Agreement, the Environmental Guaranty, the PIP Guaranty, the Manager's Subordination Agreement and all other Loan Documents. (v) Financing Statements. Borrower and its partners or members (and their shareholders), as applicable, shall have authorized Lender to file all financing statements required by Lender and such financing statements shall have been irrevocably delivered to an authorized title agent for the Title Company in the appropriate filing offices in each of the appropriate jurisdictions. (vi) Manager's Subordination. Each Manager and Borrower shall have executed and delivered to Lender the Manager's Subordinations. (vii) Franchisor Subordinations. The Borrower shall have delivered to Lender (1) certified copies of each Franchise Agreement and (2) the Franchisor's Subordinations. (viii) Subordination, Attornment and Security Agreement. Operating Lessee and each applicable Borrower shall have executed and delivered to Lender (1) a certified copy of each Operating Lease, and (2) each applicable Subordination, Attornment and Security Agreement. (ix) Environmental Guaranty. Borrower shall have executed and delivered to Lender the Environmental Guaranty. (x) PIP Guaranty. Guarantor shall have executed the PIP Guaranty. (xi) Deposit Account Agreement. Borrower and Deposit Account Bank shall have executed and delivered the Deposit Account Agreement and shall have delivered an executed copy of such Deposit to Lender. (xii) REA Estoppels. Borrower shall have delivered to Lender an executed REA estoppel letter, which shall be in form and substance satisfactory to Lender, from each party to any REA required by Lender with respect to any Individual Property. (xiii) Ashford TRS Corporation shall have executed and delivered to Lender the TRS Pledge Agreement; 39 (xiv) Borrower, Ashford TRS Corporation and Operating Lessee shall have executed and delivered the TRS Recognition Agreement. (B) Opinions of Counsel. Lender shall have received from counsel satisfactory to Lender, legal opinions in form and substance satisfactory to Lender in Lender's discretion (including, without limitation, a bankruptcy opinion). All such legal opinions will be addressed to Lender and the Rating Agencies, dated as of the Closing Date, and in form and substance satisfactory to Lender, the Rating Agencies and their counsel. Borrower hereby instructs any of the foregoing counsel, to the extent that such counsel represents Borrower, to deliver to Lender such opinions addressed to Lender and the Rating Agencies. (C) Secretary's Certificates and SPE Equity Owner's Certificate. Lender shall have received a Secretary's Certificate acceptable to Lender with respect to Borrower's managing equity owner and each Remington Manager and the SPE Equity Owner's Certificate with respect to Borrower. (D) Insurance. Lender shall have received certificates of insurance demonstrating insurance coverage in respect of each Individual Property as required by and in accordance with the Mortgages. (E) Lien Search Reports. Lender shall have received satisfactory reports of UCC (collectively, the "UCC Searches"), federal tax lien, bankruptcy, state tax lien, judgment and pending litigation searches conducted by a search firm reasonably acceptable to Lender. Such searches shall have been received in relation to Borrower, each Mortgage Borrower, the Operating Lessee, and each Manager. Such searches shall have been conducted in each of the locations designated by Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion and shall have been dated not more than fifteen (15) days prior to the Closing Date. (F) Title Insurance Policy. Lender shall have received (i) a Title Insurance Policy for each Individual Property or a marked-up commitment (in form and substance satisfactory to Lender) from Title Insurer to issue a Title Insurance Policy, for each Individual Property and (ii) a fully executed copy of the Title Instruction Letter from the Title Insurer and (iii) an "Eagle 9" or such similar UCC title insurance policy insuring the perfection of the pledge of the Pledged Collateral in form and substance acceptable to Lender. (G) Environmental Matters. Lender shall have received the Environmental Report with respect to each Individual Property. (H) Consents, Licenses, Approvals. Lender shall have received copies of all consents, licenses and approvals, if any, required in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by Borrower under, and the validity and enforceability of, the Loan Documents, and such consents, licenses and approvals shall be in full force and effect. (I) Additional Matters. Lender shall have received such other Permits, certificates (including certificates of occupancy reflecting the permitted uses of the 40 Individual Properties as of the Closing Date), opinions, documents and instruments (including, without limitation, written proof from the appropriate Governmental Authority regarding the zoning of each Individual Property in form and substance satisfactory to Lender in Lender's discretion) relating to the Loan as may be required by Lender and all other documents and all legal matters in connection with the Loan shall be satisfactory in form and substance to Lender. Borrower shall provide Lender with information reasonably satisfactory to Lender regarding the Basic Carrying Costs on or before the Closing Date. (J) Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties herein and in the other Loan Documents shall be true and correct in all material respects. (K) No Injunction. No law or regulation shall have been adopted, no order, judgment or decree of any Governmental Authority shall have been issued or entered, and no litigation shall be pending or threatened, which in the judgment of Lender would have a Material Adverse Effect. (L) Survey. Lender shall have received a Survey for each Individual Property. (M) Engineering Report. Lender shall have received an Engineering Report for each Individual Property. (N) Appraisal. Lender shall have received an Appraisal satisfactory to Lender with respect to each Individual Property which shall be (i) prepared by an Appraiser approved by Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion, (ii) prepared based on a scope of work determined by Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion and (iii) in form and content acceptable to Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion. (O) Security Deposits. Each Mortgage Borrower shall be in compliance with all applicable Legal Requirements relating to all security deposits held for any Leases. (P) Service Contracts and Permits. Borrower shall have delivered to Lender true, correct and complete copies of all material contracts and Permits relating to each Individual Property. (Q) Site Inspection. Unless waived by Lender in accordance with Section 8.4, Lender shall have performed, or caused to be performed on its behalf, an on-site due diligence review of each Individual Property to be acquired or refinanced with the Mortgage Loan, the results of which shall be satisfactory to Lender in Lender's discretion. (R) Use. Each Individual Property shall be operating and operated only as a hotel of the same class and in a similar manner as each such Individual Property is operated on the Closing Date. 41 (S) Financial Information. Lender shall have received all financial information (which financial information shall be satisfactory to Lender in Lender's discretion) relating to each Individual Property including, without limitation, audited financial statements of Borrower, each Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee for the calendar year ending December 31, 2003 and other financial reports requested by Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion. Such financial information shall be (i) prepared by an accounting firm approved by Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion, (ii) prepared based on a scope of work determined by Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion and (iii) in form and content acceptable to Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion. (T) Management Agreement. Lender shall have received each Management Agreement. (U) Leases; Tenant Estoppels; Subordination, Nondisturbance and Attornment Agreements. With respect to each Individual Property, Borrower shall have delivered a true, complete and correct rent roll and a copy of each of the Leases identified in such rent roll, and each Lease shall be satisfactory to Lender in Lender's reasonable discretion. (V) Subdivision. Evidence satisfactory to Lender (including title endorsements) that the Land relating to each Individual Property constitutes a separate lot for conveyance and real estate tax assessment purposes. (W) Transaction Costs. Borrower shall have paid or caused to be paid all Transaction Costs. (X) Ground Lease. Borrower shall have delivered to Lender (1) certified copy of the Ground Lease, and (2) an executed estoppel certificate in form and substance acceptable to Lender from the lessor under the Ground Lease. (b) Lender shall not be obligated to make the Loan unless and until each of the applicable conditions precedent set forth in this Section 3.1 is satisfied and until Borrower provides any other information reasonably required by Lender. (c) In connection with the Loan, Borrower shall execute and/or deliver to Lender all additions, amendments, modifications and supplements to the items set forth in this Article III, including, without limitation, amendments, modifications and supplements to the Note, the Pledge Agreement, the TRS Pledge Agreement and the Manager's Subordinations if reasonably requested by Lender to effectuate the provisions hereof, and to provide Lender with the full benefit of the security intended to be provided under the Loan Documents. Without in any way limiting the foregoing, such additions, modifications and supplements shall include those deemed reasonably desirable by Lender's counsel in the jurisdiction in which the applicable Individual Property is located. (d) The making of the Loan shall constitute, without the necessity of specifically containing a written statement to such effect, a confirmation, representation and 42 warranty by Borrower to Lender that all of the applicable conditions to be satisfied in connection with the making of the Loan have been satisfied (unless waived by Lender in accordance with Section 8.4, or otherwise made known to Lender by Borrower) and that all of the representations and warranties of Borrower set forth in the Loan Documents are true and correct as of the date of the making of the Loan. Section 3.2. Form of Loan Documents and Related Matters. The Loan Documents and all of the certificates, agreements, legal opinions and other documents and papers referred to in this Article III, unless otherwise specified, shall be delivered to Lender, and shall be in form and substance satisfactory to Lender. ARTICLE 4. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES Section 4.1. Representations and Warranties of Borrower. Borrower represents, warrants and covenants as follows as to Borrower, each Mortgage Borrower, Guarantor, Operating Lessee, the Pledged Collateral and all Individual Properties, as applicable: (A) Organization. Each of Borrower, each Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee (i) is a duly organized and validly existing Entity in good standing under the laws of the State of its formation, (ii) is duly qualified as a foreign Entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its business, the applicable Individual Properties or any of the Collateral or the Pledged Collateral, as applicable, makes such qualification necessary or desirable, (iii) has the requisite Entity power and authority to carry on its business as now being conducted, and (iv) has the requisite Entity power to execute and deliver, and perform its obligations under, the Loan Documents, as applicable. (B) Authorization. The execution and delivery by Borrower, Guarantor, Ashford TRS Corporation, and the Operating Lessee of the Loan Documents to which it is a party, Borrower's, Guarantor's, Ashford TRS Corporation's and Operating Lessee's performance of its obligations thereunder and the creation of the security interests and Liens provided for in the Loan Documents (i) have been duly authorized by all requisite Entity action on the part of Borrower, Guarantor, Ashford TRS Corporation and Operating Lessee, (ii) will not violate any provision of any applicable Legal Requirements, any order, writ, decree, injunction or demand of any court or other Governmental Authority, any organizational document of Borrower, Guarantor, Ashford TRS Corporation or Operating Lessee or any indenture or agreement or other instrument to which Borrower or Operating Lessee is a party or by which Borrower, Guarantor, Ashford TRS Corporation or Operating Lessee is bound except, with respect to violations of any such indentures, agreements or other instruments, where such violation would not have a Material Adverse Effect, (iii) will not be in conflict with, result in a breach of, or constitute (with due notice or lapse of time or both) a default under, or result in the creation or imposition of any Lien of any nature whatsoever upon any of the property or assets of Borrower, Guarantor, Ashford TRS Corporation or Operating Lessee pursuant to, any indenture 43 or agreement or instrument, and (iv) have been duly executed and delivered by Borrower, Guarantor, Ashford TRS Corporation or Operating Lessee, as applicable. Except for those obtained or filed on or prior to the Closing Date, none of Borrower, Guarantor, Ashford TRS Corporation or Operating Lessee is required to obtain any consent, approval or authorization from, or to file any declaration or statement with, any Governmental Authority or other agency in connection with or as a condition to the execution, delivery or performance of the Loan Documents. The Loan Documents to which Borrower, , Guarantor, Ashford TRS Corporation Operating Lessee or any Manager is a party have been executed and delivered by such parties. (C) Single-Purpose Entity. (i) Borrower has been, and will continue to be, a duly formed and existing Entity, and a Single-Purpose Entity. (ii) Each SPE Equity Owner at all times since its formation has been, and will continue to be, a duly formed and existing limited liability company or limited partnership, as applicable, in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its formation and a Single-Purpose Entity, is duly qualified as a foreign entity in each other jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or any of the Collateral or the Pledged Collateral makes such qualification necessary or desirable, and Borrower will take no action to cause any SPE Equity Owner not to be a duly formed and existing limited liability company in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its formation and a Single-Purpose Entity (iii) Borrower, each Mortgage Borrower, each SPE Equity Owner and Operating Lessee has been, and will continue to be, a duly formed and existing Entity, and a Single-Purpose Entity provided that certain of the Mortgage Borrowers identified on Schedule I (the "Pre-Existing Borrowers") were organized prior to the transactions contemplated herein, and they did not originally have covenants or undertakings with respect to the Special Purpose Entity criteria in their organizational documents and did not have Independent Directors. However, each Pre-Existing Borrower has certified that since organization it has never owned any property other than its current respective Individual Property, that it has engaged in no business other than the ownership and operation of its respective Individual Property, that it has timely paid all taxes, and that it has complied in all material respects with the Single-Purpose Entity criteria; except that certain of the Pre-Existing Borrowers had indebtedness secured by their respective Individual Property or allowed their Individual Property to secure obligations of an affiliate, but the related lender has executed a release, which includes an acknowledgement that such Pre-Existing Borrower's obligation to lender has been terminated and discharged in full, and that lender may not look to the Pre-Existing Borrower or its assets for satisfaction of the obligations of any affiliate of Ashford Hospitality Limited Partnership under the related credit facility. (iv) Each SPE Equity Owner at all times since its formation has been, and will continue to be, a duly formed and existing limited liability 44 company or a limited partnership in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its formation and a Single-Purpose Entity, is duly qualified as a foreign entity in each other jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or any of the Collateral makes such qualification necessary or desirable, and Borrower will take no action to cause any SPE Equity Owner not to be a duly formed and existing limited liability company in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its formation and a Single-Purpose Entity. (D) Litigation. Except as disclosed on Schedule 1 attached hereto, there are no actions, suits or proceedings at law or in equity by or before any Governmental Authority or other agency now pending and served or, to the knowledge of Borrower, threatened against Borrower, Guarantor, Ashford TRS Corporation, any SPE Equity Owner, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee, any Manager, the Pledged Collateral or any Individual Property which, if determined against Borrower, Guarantor, Ashford TRS Corporation, SPE Equity Owner, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee, Manager, the Pledged Collateral, or Individual Property could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. (E) Agreements. Neither Borrower, Guarantor, Ashford TRS Corporation, nor any Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee is a party to any agreement or instrument or subject to any restriction which is likely to have a Material Adverse Effect. No such party is in default in any material respect in the performance, observance or fulfillment of any of the obligations, covenants or conditions contained in any indenture, agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which such party or the applicable Pledged Collateral or Individual Property is bound which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. (F) No Bankruptcy Filing. Neither Borrower, nor Borrower on behalf of any Mortgage Borrower, Guarantor, Ashford TRS Corporation, or Operating Lessee is contemplating either the filing of a petition under any state or federal bankruptcy or insolvency laws or the liquidation of all or a major portion of such party's assets or property, and Borrower has no knowledge of any Person contemplating the filing of any such petition against such party. (G) Full and Accurate Disclosure. No statement of fact made by or on behalf of Borrower in the Loan Documents contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact necessary to make statements contained herein or therein not misleading. There is no fact presently known to Borrower which has not been disclosed to Lender which materially adversely affects, nor as far as Borrower can foresee, might materially adversely affect the business, operations or condition (financial or otherwise) of Borrower. (H) Management Agreements. Each Management Agreement is valid, binding and enforceable and in full force and effect and has not been modified and there are no material defaults under any of them and nor has any event occurred that with the passage of time, the giving of notice or both would result to Borrower's knowledge (a) in such a material default under the terms of each Management Agreement with any Manager other than Remington Manager, and (b) with respect to any Management Agreement with Remington 45 Manager, has any event occurred that with the passage of time, the giving of notice or both would result in such a material default under the terms of such Management Agreement. (I) Compliance. Except as expressly disclosed in the Engineering Reports, the Environmental Reports, the PZR zoning reports or the Surveys delivered to Lender by Borrower, each Individual Property and each of Mortgage Borrowers', each Manager's and each Operating Lessee's use thereof as a hotel and operations thereat comply in all material respects with all applicable Legal Requirements and all Insurance Requirements. Neither Borrower nor Mortgage Borrower is in default or violation of any order, writ, injunction, decree or demand of any Governmental Authority, the violation of which is reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect. (J) Other Debt and Obligations. Neither Borrower nor Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee has any financial obligation under any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which such party is a party, or by which such party or each Individual Property or the Pledged Collateral is bound, other than (a) unsecured trade payables incurred in the ordinary course of business relating to the ownership and operation of each Individual Property or the Pledged Collateral which are not evidenced by a promissory note and (1) with respect to Mortgage Borrower when aggregated with the unsecured trade payables of all Mortgage Borrowers and Operating Lessee, do not exceed a maximum amount of two and one-half percent (2.5%) of the Mortgage Indebtedness and are paid within sixty (60) days of the date incurred and (2) with respect to Borrower and Bucks County Member LLC, do not exceed $10,000 and are paid within sixty (60) days of the date incurred, (unless same are being contested in accordance with the terms of this Agreement) and (c) obligations under the Mortgage Loan Documents and the Loan Documents, as applicable. Except for the Loan and the Mortgage Loan, neither Borrower nor Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee has borrowed or received other debt financing that has not been heretofore repaid in full and Borrower has no known material contingent liabilities. (K) ERISA. (a) Each Plan and, to the knowledge of Borrower, each Multiemployer Plan, is in compliance in all material respects with, and has been administered in all material respects in compliance with, its terms and the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code and any other federal or state law, and no event or condition has occurred as to which Borrower would be under an obligation to furnish a report to Lender under Section 5.1(S). (a) As of the date hereof and throughout the term of the Loan (a) none of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee is or will be an "employee benefit plan," as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA, subject to Title I of ERISA, or a "plan," as defined in Section 4975(e)(1) of the Code, subject to Code Section 4975, (b) neither Borrower nor Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee is or will be a "governmental plan" within the meaning of Section 3(32) of ERISA, (c) none of the assets of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee constitutes or will constitute "plan assets" of one or more of any such plans under 29 C.F.R. Section 2510.3-101 or otherwise, and (d) transactions by or with 46 Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee do not and will not violate state statutes regulating investment of, and fiduciary obligations with respect to, governmental plans and such state statutes do not in any manner affect the ability of the Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to perform its obligations under the Loan Documents or the Mortgage Loan Documents, as applicable, or the ability of Lender or Mortgage Lender to enforce any and all of its rights under the this Agreement or the Mortgage Loan Agreement, as applicable. (L) Solvency. Borrower (i) has not entered into this Agreement or any Loan Document with the actual intent to hinder, delay, or defraud any creditor, and (ii) has received reasonably equivalent value in exchange for its obligations under the Loan Documents. Giving effect to the transactions contemplated hereby and the agreements set forth herein, the fair saleable value of Borrower's assets exceeds and will, immediately following the execution and delivery of this Agreement, exceed Borrower's total liabilities, including, without limitation, subordinated, unliquidated, or disputed liabilities or Contingent Obligations. The fair saleable value of Borrower's assets is and will, immediately following the execution and delivery of this Agreement, be greater than Borrower's probable liabilities, including the maximum amount of its Contingent Obligations or its debts as such debts become absolute and matured. Borrower's assets do not and, immediately following the execution and delivery of this Agreement, will not, constitute unreasonably small capital to carry out its business as conducted or as proposed to be conducted. Borrower does not intend to, and does not believe that it will, incur debts and liabilities (including, without limitation, Contingent Obligations and other commitments) beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts to be payable on or in respect of obligations of Borrower). (M) Not Foreign Person. Borrower is not a "foreign person" within the meaning of Section 1445(f)(3) of the Code. (N) Investment Company Act; Public Utility Holding Company Act. Borrower is not (i) an "investment company" or a company "controlled" by an "investment company," within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, (ii) a "holding company" or a "subsidiary company" of a "holding company" or an "affiliate" of either a "holding company" or a "subsidiary company" within the meaning of the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935, as amended, or (iii) subject to any other federal or state law or regulation which purports to restrict or regulate its ability to borrow money. (O) No Defaults. No Event of Default, or to Borrower's knowledge, Default, exists under or with respect to any Loan Document. (P) Labor Matters. Borrower is not a party to any collective bargaining agreements. (Q) Title to each Individual Property and the Pledged Collateral. Each Mortgage Borrower owns good, indefeasible, marketable and insurable fee simple or leasehold title to the applicable Individual Property which it owns, free and clear of all Liens, other than the Permitted Encumbrances applicable to such Individual Property. There are 47 no outstanding options to purchase or rights of are not likely to first refusal affecting any Individual Property. The Permitted Encumbrances do not and are not likely to materially and adversely affect (i) the ability of Mortgage Borrower to pay in full all sums due under the Mortgage Notes or any of its other obligations in a timely manner or (ii) the use of any Individual Property for the use currently being made thereof, the operation of such Individual Property as currently being operated or the value of any Individual Property. Borrower and Ashford TRS Corporation each owns the Pledged Collateral represented to be owned by it, free and clear of all Liens, except for the liens created under the Loan Documents. No Person other than Borrower or SPE Equity Owner owns any equity interests in Mortgage Borrower and no Person other than Borrower owns any membership interest in Bucks County Member LLC. (R) Use of Proceeds; Margin Regulations. Borrower will use the proceeds of the Loan for the purposes described in Section 2.2. No part of the proceeds of the Loan will be used for the purpose of purchasing or acquiring any "margin stock" within the meaning of Regulation U of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or for any other purpose which would be inconsistent with such Regulation U or any other Regulations of such Board of Governors, or for any purposes prohibited by applicable Legal Requirements. (S) Financial Information. All historical financial data concerning Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee, the Pledged Collateral and any Individual Property (including, without limitation all rent rolls and operating statements) that has been delivered by Borrower to Lender is true, complete and correct in all material respects. Since the delivery of such data, except as otherwise disclosed in writing to Lender, there has been no material adverse change in the financial position of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee, the Pledged Collateral or any Individual Property, or in the results of operations of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee. Neither Borrower, Mortgage Borrower nor Operating Lessee, has incurred any obligation or liability, contingent or otherwise, not reflected in such financial data which might materially adversely affect its business operations, the Pledged Collateral or any Individual Property. (T) Condemnation. No Taking has been commenced or, to Borrower's knowledge, is contemplated with respect to all or any portion of any Individual Property or for the relocation of roadways providing access to any Individual Property. (U) Utilities and Public Access. Each Individual Property has adequate rights of access to public ways and is served by adequate water, sewer, sanitary sewer and storm drain facilities as are adequate for full utilization of such Individual Property for its current purpose. Except as otherwise disclosed by the Surveys, all public utilities necessary to the continued use and enjoyment of each Individual Property as presently used and enjoyed are located in the public right-of-way abutting the premises, and all such utilities are connected so as to serve each Individual Property either (i) without passing over other property or, (ii) if such utilities pass over other property, pursuant to valid easements. All roads necessary for the full utilization of each Individual Property for its current purpose have been completed and dedicated 48 to public use and accepted by all Governmental Authorities or are the subject of access easements for the benefit of any Individual Property. (V) Environmental Compliance. Except as disclosed in the Environmental Reports, Borrower represents, warrants and covenants, as to itself, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee and its applicable Individual Property: (a) there are no Hazardous Substances or underground storage tanks in, on, or under such Individual Property, except those that are both (i) in compliance with all Environmental Laws and with permits issued pursuant thereto and (ii) which do not require Remediation; (b) there are no past, present or threatened Releases of Hazardous Substances in, on, under, from or affecting any Individual Property which have not been fully Remediated in accordance with Environmental Law; (c) there is no Release or threat of any Release of Hazardous Substances which has or is migrating to any Individual Property; (d) there is no past or present non-compliance with Environmental Laws, or with permits issued pursuant thereto, in connection with any Individual Property which has not been fully Remediated in accordance with Environmental Law; (e) Borrower does not know of, and neither Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee has received, any written or oral notice or other communication from any Person (including but not limited to a governmental entity) relating to Hazardous Substances or the Remediation thereof, of possible liability of any Person pursuant to any Environmental Law, other environmental conditions in connection with any Individual Property, or any actual or potential administrative or judicial proceedings in connection with any of the foregoing; and (f) Borrower has truthfully and fully provided to Lender, in writing, any and all information relating to conditions in, on, under or from each Individual Property that is known to Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee and that is contained in files and records of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee, including but not limited to any reports relating to Hazardous Substances in, on, under or from such Individual Property and/or to the environmental condition of each Individual Property. (W) No Joint Assessment; Separate Lots. Mortgage Borrower has not and shall not suffer, permit or initiate the joint assessment of any applicable Individual Property (i) with any other real property constituting a separate tax lot, and (ii) with any portion of any Individual Property which may be deemed to constitute personal property, or any other procedure whereby the lien of any taxes which may be levied against such personal property shall be assessed or levied or charged to any Individual Property as a single lien. Each Individual Property is comprised of one or more parcels, each of which constitutes a separate tax lot and none of which constitutes a portion of any other tax lot. (X) Assessments. Except as disclosed in the Title Insurance Policy, there are no pending or, to the knowledge of Borrower, Mortgage proposed special or other assessments for public improvements or otherwise affecting any Individual Property, nor, to the knowledge of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee, are there any contemplated improvements to any Individual Property that may result in such special or other assessments. 49 (Y) Pledged Collateral. The Pledge Agreement and the TRS Pledge Agreement each creates a valid and enforceable first priority Lien on the Pledged Collateral described therein, as security for the repayment of the Indebtedness. This Agreement creates a valid and enforceable first priority Lien on all Account Collateral. All Pledged Collateral in which a security interest can be perfected by the filing of a financing statement is subject to a UCC financing statement filed and/or recorded, as appropriate (or irrevocably delivered to an agent for such recordation or filing) in all places necessary to perfect a valid first priority Lien with respect to the rights and property that are the subject of the Pledge Agreement or this Agreement to the extent governed by the UCC. (Z) Enforceability. The Loan Documents executed by Borrower, Ashford TRS Corporation and Guarantor in connection with the Loan are the legal, valid and binding obligations of each such Entity, enforceable against each of Borrower, Ashford TRS Corporation and Guarantor in accordance with their terms, subject only to bankruptcy, insolvency and other limitations on creditors' rights generally and to equitable principles. Such Loan Documents are, as of the Closing Date, not subject to any right of rescission, set-off, counterclaim or defense by Borrower, including the defense of usury. (AA) No Liabilities; No Contractual Obligations. Borrower has no liabilities or obligations including, without limitation, Contingent Obligations (and including, without limitation, liabilities or obligations in tort, in contract, at law, in equity, pursuant to a statute or regulation, or otherwise) other than those liabilities and obligations expressly permitted by this Agreement. (BB) No Prior Assignment. As of the Closing Date, (i) Lender is the pledgee of Borrower's interest in the Pledged Collateral and (ii) there are no prior assignments of the Pledged Collateral. (CC) Certificate of Occupancy. Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee have obtained (in their own name) all Permits necessary to use and operate the Individual Property for the use described in Section 3.1(R), and all such Permits are in full force and effect. The use being made of each Individual Property is in conformity in all material respects with the certificate of occupancy and/or Permits for each such Individual Property and any other restrictions, covenants or conditions affecting each such Individual Property. Each such Individual Property contains all equipment necessary to use and operate each such Individual Property in a first-class manner. (DD) Flood Zone. Except as shown on a Survey, no Individual Property is located in a flood hazard area as designated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency. (EE) Physical Condition. Except as disclosed in an Engineering Report, each Individual Property is free of material structural defects and all building systems contained therein are in good working order in all material respects subject to ordinary wear and tear. 50 (FF) Intellectual Property. All trademarks, trade names and service marks owned by Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee, or that are pending, or under which Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee is licensed, are in good standing and uncontested. There is no right under any trademark, trade name or service mark necessary to the business of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee as presently conducted or as Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee contemplates conducting its business. Neither Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee has infringed, is infringing, or has received notice of infringement with respect to asserted trademarks, trade names and service marks of others. To Borrower's knowledge, there is no infringement by others of trademarks, trade names and service marks of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee. (GG) Intentionally Omitted. (HH) Title Insurance. Each Individual Property is covered by either an American Land Title Association (ALTA) owner's title insurance policy, naming Lender as the insured party, or a commitment to issue such a title insurance policy, insuring fee or leasehold ownership of each Individual Property, which is in full force and effect and will inure to the benefit of Lender and any successor or assignee of Lender, including but not limited to the trustee in a securitization of the Loan, subject only to the Permitted Encumbrances. (II) Intentionally Omitted. (JJ) Leases. (a) Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee is the sole owner of the entire lessor's interest in the Leases; (b) the Leases are the valid, binding and enforceable obligations of the applicable Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee and the applicable tenant or lessee thereunder; (c) the terms of all alterations, modifications and amendments to the Leases are reflected in the certified rent roll statement delivered to and approved by Lender; (d) no Rents reserved in any Leases have been assigned or otherwise pledged or hypothecated; (e) no Rents have been collected for more than one (1) month in advance; (f) the premises demised under the Leases have been completed and the tenants under the Leases have accepted the same and have taken possession of the same on a rent-paying basis; (g) there exists no offset or defense to the payment of any portion of the Rents; (h) no Lease contains an option to purchase, right of first refusal to purchase, expansion right, or any other similar provision; and (i) no Person has any possessory interest in, or right to occupy, any Individual Property except under and pursuant to a Lease. (KK) Bank Holding Company. Borrower is not a "bank holding company" or a direct or indirect subsidiary of a "bank holding company" as defined in the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, and Regulation Y thereunder of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. (LL) Embargoed Person. None of the funds or other assets of Borrower, SPE Equity Owner, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee constitute property of, or are beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by any person, entity or government subject to 51 trade restrictions under federal law, including, without limitation, the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. Sections 1701 et seq., The Trading with the Enemy Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 1 et seq. , and any executive orders or regulations promulgated thereunder, with the result that (i) the investment in Borrower, SPE Equity Owner, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee, as applicable (whether directly or indirectly), is prohibited by law or (ii) the Loan made by the Lender is in violation of law ("Embargoed Person"); (b) no Embargoed Person has any interest of any nature whatsoever in Borrower, SPE Equity Owner, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee, as applicable (whether directly or indirectly), with the result that (i) the investment in Borrower, SPE Equity Owner, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee, as applicable (whether directly or indirectly) is prohibited by law or (ii) the Loan is in violation of law; and (c) none of the funds of Borrower, SPE Equity Owner, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee, as applicable, have been derived from any unlawful activity with the result that (i) the investment in Borrower, SPE Equity Owner, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee, as applicable (whether directly or indirectly) is prohibited by law or (ii) the Loan is in violation of law. (MM) Illegal Activity. No portion of any of each Individual Property has been or will be purchased, improved, equipped or furnished with proceeds of any illegal activity. (NN) Compliance. No Borrower, Guarantor, Operating Lessee, or Mortgage Borrower and, to the best of Borrower's knowledge after due and diligent inquiry, neither (a) any Person owning an interest in Borrower, SPE Equity Owner, Operating Lessee or Mortgage Borrower nor (b) each Manager or (c) any tenant at each Individual Property: (i) is currently identified on the OFAC List ("OFAC List"), and (ii) is a Person with whom a citizen of the United States is prohibited to engage in transactions by any trade embargo, economic sanction, or other prohibition of any Legal Requirement (including the September 24, 2001, Executive Order Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions With Person Who Commit, Threaten to Commit, or Support Terrorism), and (iii) is not in violation of the U.S. Federal Bank Secrecy Act, as amended, and its implementing regulations (31 C.F.R. part 103), the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, Public Law 107-56 and the regulations promulgated thereunder, any order issued with respect to anti-money laundering by the U.S. Department of the Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control, or any other anti-money laundering law. Each of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee has implemented procedures, and will consistently apply those procedures throughout the term of the Loan, to ensure the foregoing representations and warranties remain true and correct during the term of the Loan. (OO) Intentionally Omitted. (PP) Subsidiaries. Effective as of the consummation of the transaction contemplated by this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, 100% of the membership interests in Borrower is owned by Ashford Hospitality Limited Partnership free and clear of all Liens (other than the Liens created by the Loan Documents) Borrower does not have 52 any subsidiaries except Mortgage Borrower and SPE Equity Owner. Borrower does not own any equity interests other than the Pledged Collateral. (QQ) Franchise Agreements. Each Franchise Agreement is in full force and effect, there is no material default thereunder by any party thereto and to the best of Borrower's and Operating Lessee's knowledge and except as set forth on Schedule 2 hereof, no event has occurred that, with the passage of time and/or the giving of notice would constitute a default thereunder, and no fees under any Franchise Agreement are accrued and unpaid. (RR) Intentionally Omitted. (SS) Operating Budget. Attached hereto as Exhibit H is a true, complete and correct copy of the operating budget for each Mortgage Borrower's or Operating Lessee's Individual Property for the period between the Closing Date and December 31, 2004, which Operating Budget has been approved by Lender pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. (TT) Property Improvement Plans. Attached hereto as Exhibit I is (a) a true, complete and correct list of all property improvement plans or similar agreements affecting each Individual Property (each, a "Property Improvement Plan"), and (b) a true, complete and correct description of the amounts to be expended and time frames for required expenditure pursuant to each Property Improvement Plan. (UU) Organizational Chart. Attached hereto as Exhibit L is a true, complete and correct copy of the Borrower's organizational chart. Section 4.2. Survival of Representations and Warranties. Borrower agrees that (i) all of the representations and warranties of Borrower set forth in this Agreement and in the other Loan Documents delivered on the Closing Date are made as of the Closing Date (except as expressly otherwise provided) and (ii) all representations and warranties made by Borrower shall survive the delivery of the Note and continue for so long as any amount remains owing to Lender under this Agreement, the Note or any of the other Loan Documents; provided, however, that the representations, warranties and covenants set forth in Section 4.1(V), Section 4.1(LL), Section 4.1(NN) and Sections 5.1(D) through 5.1(G), inclusive, shall survive in perpetuity and shall not be subject to the exculpation provisions of Section 8.14. All representations, warranties, covenants and agreements made in this Agreement or in the other Loan Documents shall be deemed to have been relied upon by Lender notwithstanding any investigation heretofore or hereafter made by Lender or on its behalf. Without limiting any other provision of this Agreement, with respect to each Secondary Market Transaction, within 3 days of receipt of Lender's request, Borrower shall deliver to Lender a certification (a) remaking all of the representations and warranties contained in this Agreement as of the date of such Secondary Market Transaction, or (y) otherwise specifying any changes in or qualifications to such representations and warranties as of such date as may be necessary to make such representations consistent with the facts as they exist on such date. 53 ARTICLE 5. AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS Section 5.1. Borrower Covenants. Borrower covenants and agrees that, from the date hereof and until payment in full of the Indebtedness: (A) Existence; Compliance with Legal Requirements; Insurance. Borrower shall, and shall cause Mortgage Borrower to, do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve, renew and keep in full force and effect its Entity existence, rights, licenses, Permits and franchises necessary for the conduct of its business and comply in all material respects with all applicable Legal Requirements and Insurance Requirements applicable to such party, the Pledged Collateral and each Individual Property. Borrower shall notify Lender promptly of any written notice or order that Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee receives from any Governmental Authority relating to Borrower's, Mortgage Borrower's or Operating Lessee's failure to comply with such applicable Legal Requirements relating to the Pledged Collateral or each Individual Property and promptly take any and all actions necessary to bring operations at each Individual Property into compliance with such applicable Legal Requirements (and shall fully comply with the requirements of such Legal Requirements that at any time are applicable to operations at each Individual Property) provided, that Borrower at its expense may, after prior notice to the Lender, contest, or cause Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to contest, by appropriate legal, administrative or other proceedings conducted in good faith and with due diligence, the validity or application, in whole or in part, of any such applicable Legal Requirements as long as (i) neither the applicable Collateral nor the Pledged Collateral or any part thereof or any interest therein, will be sold, forfeited or lost if Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee pays the amount or satisfies the condition being contested, and Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee would have the opportunity to do so, in the event of Borrower's, Mortgage Borrower's or Operating Lessee's failure to prevail in the contest, (ii) Lender would not, by virtue of such permitted contest, be exposed to any risk of any civil liability or criminal liability, and (iii) Borrower shall have furnished to the Lender additional security in respect of the claim being contested or the loss or damage that may result from Borrower's, Mortgage Borrower's or Operating Lessee's failure to prevail in such contest in such amount as may be reasonably requested by Lender but in no event less than one hundred twenty-five percent (125%) of the amount of such claim (reduced by the dollar amount of additional security furnished to the Mortgage Lender under the counterpart to this Section of the Mortgage Loan Agreement). Borrower shall at all times maintain, or cause Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to maintain, preserve and protect all franchises and trade names and preserve all the remainder of its property necessary for the continued conduct of its business and keep the applicable Individual Properties in good repair, working order and condition, except for reasonable wear and use, and from time to time make, or cause to be made, all necessary repairs, renewals, replacements, betterments and improvements thereto as more fully provided in the 54 Mortgages. Borrower shall cause Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to keep their Individual Properties insured at all times, as provided in the Mortgages. (B) Impositions and Other Claims. Subject to Section 2.11(e)(i)(x) of the Mortgage Loan Agreement, Borrower shall cause Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to pay and discharge or cause to be paid and discharged all Impositions, as well as all lawful claims for labor, materials and supplies or otherwise, which could become a Lien on the Collateral, all as more fully provided in, and subject to any rights to contest contained in, the Mortgages. Borrower shall pay and discharge or cause to be paid and discharged any and all amounts which could become a Lien on the Pledged Collateral unless being contested in good faith in a manner reasonably acceptable to Lender. (C) Litigation; Notices. Borrower shall give prompt written notice to Lender of any litigation, arbitration or other proceedings or governmental investigation pending or threatened against Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee which is reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect. (D) Environmental. (i) Borrower covenants and agrees that: (a) all uses and operations on or of each Individual Property, whether by Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee or any other Person, shall be in compliance with all Environmental Laws and permits issued pursuant thereto; (b) there shall be no Releases of Hazardous Substances in, on, under or from any Individual Property; (c) there shall be no Hazardous Substances used, present or Released in, on, under or from any Individual Property, except those that are (i) in compliance in all material respects with all Environmental Laws and with permits issued pursuant thereto; (ii) fully disclosed to Lender in writing; and (iii) which do not require Remediation, (d) Borrower shall cause Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to keep each Individual Property free and clear of all Environmental Liens; (e) Borrower shall cause Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to, at Mortgage Borrower's or Operating Lessee's sole cost and expense, fully and expeditiously cooperate in all activities pursuant to Section 5.1(E) of this Agreement, including but not limited to providing all -------------- relevant information and making knowledgeable Persons available for interviews; (f) intentionally omitted; (g) Borrower shall cause Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to, at Mortgage Borrower's or Operating Lessee's sole cost and expense, (i) effectuate Remediation of any condition (including but not limited to a Release of a Hazardous Substance or violation of Environmental Laws) in, on, under or from each Individual Property for which Remediation is legally required; (ii) comply with all Environmental Laws; (iii) comply with any directive from any governmental authority; and (iv) take any other reasonable action necessary or appropriate for protection of human health or the environment; (h) Borrower shall not permit Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to do or allow any tenant or other user of any Individual Property to do any act that materially increases the dangers to human health or the environment, poses an unreasonable risk of harm to any Person (whether on or off any 55 Individual Property), impairs or may impair the value or marketability of any Individual Property, is contrary to any requirement of any insurer, constitutes a public or private nuisance, constitutes waste, or violates any covenant, condition, agreement or easement applicable to any Individual Property; (i) Borrower shall immediately notify Lender in writing of (A) any unlawful presence or Releases or threatened Releases of Hazardous Substances in, on, under, from or migrating towards any Individual Property; (B) any material non-compliance with any Environmental Laws related in any way to any Individual Property; (C) any actual or potential Environmental Lien; (D) any required Remediation of environmental conditions relating to any Individual Property required by Environmental Laws; and (E) any written notice or other communication of which Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee becomes aware from any source whatsoever (including but not limited to a governmental entity) relating in any way to Release, presence, or Release or threatened Release of Hazardous Substances in violation of Environmental Laws or the Remediation thereof, Law, other environmental conditions in connection with any Individual Property, or any actual or potential administrative or judicial proceedings in connection with anything referred to in this Agreement; and (j) without limiting the foregoing, upon becoming aware of the presence of or potential for Mold in violation of applicable Environmental Laws on any Individual Property, at its sole cost and expense Borrower shall cause Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to (i) undertake or cause an investigation to identify the source(s) of such Mold, including any water intrusion, and develop and implement a plan for the Remediation of any Mold required under applicable Environmental Laws; (ii) perform, or cause to be performed, all acts required under applicable Environmental Laws for the Remediation of the Mold in a timely manner given the circumstances; (iii) properly dispose in accordance with all applicable Environmental Laws of any materials generated as a result of or in connection with the foregoing items (i) and (ii); and (iv) provide Lender with evidence of Mortgage Borrower's or Operating Lessee's compliance with the requirements of each of the foregoing to Lender's reasonable satisfaction. (E) Environmental Cooperation and Access. In the event the Environmental Indemnified Parties have reason to believe that an environmental condition exists on any Individual Property that, in the discretion of the Lender, could endanger any tenants or other occupants of any Individual Property or their guests or the general public or materially and adversely affects the value of any Individual Property, upon reasonable notice from the Lender, Borrower shall cause Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to at Mortgage Borrower's or Operating Lessee's sole cost and expense, promptly cause an engineer or consultant satisfactory to the Lender to conduct any environmental assessment or audit (the scope of which shall be determined in the sole and absolute discretion of Lender) and take any samples of soil, groundwater or other water, air, or building materials or any other invasive testing reasonably requested by Lender and promptly deliver the results of any such assessment, audit, sampling or other testing; provided, further, that Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee, the Environmental Indemnified Parties and any other Person designated by the Environmental Indemnified Parties, including but not limited to any receiver, any representative of a governmental entity, and any environmental consultant, shall have the right, but not the 56 obligation, to enter upon such Individual Property at all reasonable times (without materially interfering with the business conducted at the Individual Property) to assess any and all aspects of the environmental condition of each Individual Property and its use, including but not limited to conducting any environmental assessment or audit (the scope of which shall be determined in the reasonable discretion of Lender) and taking samples of soil, groundwater or other water, air, or building materials, and reasonably conducting other invasive testing (which shall be at Borrower's sole cost and expense if Borrower fails to conduct or deliver, or to be conducted or delivered, an assessment or audit as required pursuant to this Section), Borrower shall cooperate with and provide, and cause Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee to cooperate with and provide, the Environmental Indemnified Parties and any such Person designated by the Environmental Indemnified Parties with access to each Individual Property. (F) Environmental Indemnity. Borrower covenants and agrees, at its sole cost and expense, to protect, defend, indemnify, release and hold Environmental Indemnified Parties harmless from and against any and all Losses imposed upon or incurred by or asserted against any Environmental Indemnified Parties and directly or indirectly arising out of or in any way relating to any one or more of the following (other than Losses imposed upon or incurred by or asserted against any Environmental Indemnified Parties to the extent that the Borrowers can prove that (a) such Losses were caused exclusively by the actions of Lender (or its successors in interest to the Pledged Collateral) occurring entirely after the date that Lender actually acquired title to the Pledged Collateral and (b) such Losses were not caused or occasioned by the actions or inactions of Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower, or any agent, employee, contractor of any of the foregoing prior to the time Lender acquires title to the Pledged Collateral, or Borrower, Manager or Operating Lessee or any agent, employee, contractor or Affiliate of any of the foregoing: (a) any presence or use of any Hazardous Substances in, on, above, under, from or affecting any Individual Property; (b) any past, present or threatened Release of Hazardous Substances in, on, above, under, from or affecting any Individual Property; (c) any activity by Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee, any Person affiliated with Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee or and any tenant or other user of such Individual Property in connection with any actual, proposed or threatened use, treatment, storage, holding, existence, disposition or other Release, generation, production, manufacturing, processing, refining, control, management, abatement, removal, handling, transfer or transportation to or from such Individual Property of or exposure to any Hazardous Substances at any time located in, under, on or above such Individual Property; (d) any activity by Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee any Person affiliated with Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee, and any tenant or other user of such Individual Property in connection with any actual or proposed Remediation of any Hazardous Substances at any time located in, under, on, above or affecting such Individual Property, whether or not such Remediation is voluntary or pursuant to court or administrative order, including but not limited to any removal, remedial or corrective action; (e) any past, present or threatened non-compliance or violations of any Environmental Laws (or permits issued pursuant to any Environmental Law) in connection with such Individual Property or operations thereon, including but not limited to any failure by Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee, any Person affiliated with Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, or Operating Lessee and any tenant or other user of such 57 Individual Property to comply with any order of any governmental authority in connection with any Environmental Laws; (f) the imposition, recording or filing or the threatened imposition, recording or filing of any Environmental Lien encumbering any Individual Property; (g) any administrative processes or proceedings or judicial proceedings in any way connected with any matter addressed in this Agreement; (h) any past, present or threatened injury to, destruction of or loss of natural resources in any way connected with any Individual Property, including but not limited to costs to investigate and assess such injury, destruction or loss; (i) any acts of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee or any Person affiliated with Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee, and any tenant or other user of such Individual Property in arranging for disposal or treatment, or arranging with a transporter for transport for disposal or treatment, of Hazardous Substances at any facility or incineration vessel containing such or similar Hazardous Substances; (j) any acts of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee, any Person affiliated with any Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, or Operating Lessee and any tenant or other user of such Individual Property in accepting any Hazardous Substances for transport to disposal or treatment facilities, incineration vessels or sites from which there is a Release, or a threatened Release of any Hazardous Substance which causes the incurrence of costs for Remediation; (k) any personal injury, wrongful death, or property or other damage arising under any statutory or common law or tort law theory, including but not limited to damages assessed for private or public nuisance or for the conducting of an abnormally dangerous activity on or near such Individual Property; and (l) any misrepresentation or inaccuracy in any representation or warranty or material breach or failure to perform any covenants or other obligations pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document. IT IS EXPRESSLY ACKNOWLEDGED AND AGREED BY BORROWER THAT THE INDEMNITY (AND/OR THE RELEASE) CONTAINED IN THIS SECTION 5.1(F) PROTECTS LENDER FROM THE CONSEQUENCES OF LENDER'S ACTS OR OMISSIONS, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE NEGLIGENT ACTS OR OMISSIONS OF LENDER TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT NOTHING CONTAINED HEREIN SHALL BE DEEMED TO RELIEVE THE LENDER FROM LIABILITY DUE TO ITS GROSS NEGLIGENCE. (G) Duty to Defend. Upon written request by any Environmental Indemnified Party, Borrower shall defend same (if requested by any Environmental Indemnified Party, in the name of the Environmental Indemnified Party) by attorneys and other professionals reasonably approved by the Environmental Indemnified Parties. Borrower shall, within five Business Days of receipt thereof by Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee, give written notice to Lender of (i) any notice, advice or other communication from any governmental entity or any source whatsoever with respect to Hazardous Substances on, from or affecting any Individual Property, and (ii) any legal action brought against any party or related to any Individual Property, with respect to which Borrower may have liability under this Agreement. Such notice shall comply with the provisions of Section 8.6 hereof. (H) PIP Performance. Borrower shall cause the Mortgage Borrowers to comply with Section 5.1(w) of the Mortgage Loan Agreement. 58 (I) Access to Property. Borrower shall, and shall cause Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee to, permit agents, representatives and employees of Lender to inspect their Individual Properties or any part thereof at such reasonable times as may be requested by Lender upon reasonable advance written notice and without materially interfering with the business conducted at the Individual Property. (J) Notice of Default. Borrower shall promptly advise Lender of any material adverse change in Borrower's, Mortgage Borrower's or Operating Lessee's condition, financial or otherwise, or of the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default. (K) Cooperate in Legal Proceedings. Except with respect to any claim by Borrower against Lender, Borrower shall cooperate with Lender with respect to any proceedings before any Governmental Authority which may in any way affect the rights of Lender hereunder or any rights obtained by Lender under any of the Loan Documents and, in connection therewith, not prohibit Lender, at its election, from participating in any such proceedings. (L) Perform Loan Documents. Borrower shall observe, perform and satisfy all the terms, provisions, covenants and conditions required to be observed, performed or satisfied by it, and shall pay when due all costs, fees and expenses required to be paid by it, under the Loan Documents executed and delivered by Borrower. (M) Insurance Benefits; Condemnation Claims. (i) Generally. Borrower shall promptly notify Lender, in writing, of any actual or threatened Taking or of any casualty that damages or renders unusable any Individual Property or any part thereof and, except as otherwise provided below, shall cause the applicable Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee to promptly and diligently pursue Mortgage Borrower's or Operating Lessee's claim for Condemnation Proceeds or Insurance Proceeds, as applicable. Borrower shall not and shall not permit any Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to make any agreement in lieu of Taking or accept any Condemnation Proceeds without Lender's prior written consent. Borrower shall not and shall not permit any Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to accept any settlement of Insurance Proceeds with respect to a casualty without Lender's prior written consent. If requested by Lender, Borrower agrees to provide copies to Lender of all notices or filings made or received by Borrower or the applicable Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee in connection with the casualty or Taking or with respect to collection of the Insurance Proceeds or Condemnation Proceeds, as applicable. Notwithstanding that a casualty or Taking has occurred, or that rights to Condemnation Proceeds or Insurance Proceeds are pending, Borrower shall continue to pay the Loan at the time and in the manner provided in this Agreement. (ii) Lender's Consent Required. Without the prior written consent of Lender, Borrower shall not make, nor shall Borrower permit any 59 Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to make, any determination to replace or restore any Individual Property after a casualty or condemnation. (iii) Certain Lender Rights. In addition to and without in any way limiting any of its other rights hereunder, in connection with any casualty or Taking and with respect to all Insurance Proceeds and Condemnation Proceeds and damages and claims with respect thereto, Lender shall have all of the same rights that Mortgage Lender has under the Mortgage Loan Documents as if such rights were set forth in full herein with only such changes as are necessary to reflect Lender's position as a mezzanine lender rather than a mortgage lender; provided that Lender shall not exercise any such right (x) at a time when any corresponding right is being exercised by Mortgage Lender, unless Lender's exercise of its right contemporaneously would not in any way impair Mortgage Lender's exercise of its rights or be inconsistent therewith or (y) in any manner inconsistent with Mortgage Lender's rights under the Mortgage Loan Documents. (iv) Borrower shall, or shall cause each Mortgage Borrower to, deliver to Lender all reports, plans, specification, documents and other materials that are delivered to Mortgage Lender under the Mortgage Loan Agreement in connection with the restoration and/or repair of any Individual Property after a casualty or a Taking. (N) Further Assurances. Borrower shall, at Borrower's sole cost and expense: (i) upon Lender's request therefor given from time to time after the occurrence of any Event of Default pay for (a) reports of UCC, federal tax lien, state tax lien, judgment and pending litigation searches with respect to Borrower or any Mortgage Borrower and (b) searches of title to the Pledged Collateral or any Individual Property, each such search to be conducted by search firms reasonably designated by Lender in each of the locations reasonably designated by Lender. (ii) furnish to Lender all instruments, documents, boundary surveys, footing or foundation surveys, certificates, plans and specifications, appraisals, title and other insurance reports and agreements, and each and every other document, certificate, agreement and instrument required to be furnished pursuant to the terms of the Loan Documents; (iii) execute and deliver to Lender such documents, instruments, certificates, assignments and other writings, and do such other acts necessary, to evidence, preserve and/or protect the Collateral or the Pledged Collateral at any time securing or intended to secure the Note, as Lender may require in Lender's discretion; and 60 (iv) do and execute all and such further lawful acts, conveyances and assurances for the better and more effective carrying out of the intents and purposes of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, as Lender shall require from time to time in its discretion. (O) Management of Property. Each Individual Property will be managed at all times by a Manager pursuant to a Management Agreement unless terminated as herein provided. Borrower shall cause the Management Agreement to be terminated by Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee, at Lender's request, upon thirty (30) days prior written notice to Borrower and the applicable Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee and Manager (i) upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, (ii) if the applicable Manager commits any act which would permit termination by any Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee under the Management Agreement, or (iii) if the applicable Manager commits any act which constitutes an act of fraud, material misrepresentation, intentional misrepresentation, gross negligence, willful misconduct, misappropriation of funds, or physical waste of any Individual Property. If a manager is terminated pursuant hereto, Borrower shall cause Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to immediately seek to appoint a replacement manager acceptable to Lender in Lender's discretion, and Borrower's failure to cause Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to appoint an acceptable manager within thirty (30) days after Lender's request of Borrower to terminate the Management Agreement shall constitute an immediate Event of Default. Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee may from time to time appoint a successor manager to manage any Individual Property, which successor manager shall be approved in writing by Lender in Lender's discretion. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any successor manager selected hereunder by Lender, any Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to serve as Manager (i) shall be either (A) the Remington Manager provided, that the Remington Manager shall manage the applicable Individual Property pursuant to the terms of the master management agreement by and among the Borrowers and the Remington Manager, or (B) a reputable management company having at least seven (7) years' experience in the management of commercial properties with similar uses as the Individual Properties and in the jurisdiction in which the Individual Properties are located and (ii) shall not be paid management fees in excess of fees which are market fees for comparable managers of comparable properties in the same geographic area. (P) Financial Reporting. (i) Borrower shall keep and maintain or shall cause to be kept and maintained, on a Fiscal Year basis, in accordance with GAAP, books, records and accounts reflecting in reasonable detail all of the financial affairs of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee, as applicable, and all items of income and expense in connection with the operation of the Pledged Collateral and the applicable Individual Properties and in connection with any services, equipment or furnishings provided in connection with the operation of such Individual Property. Lender, at Lender's cost and expense, whether such income or expense may be realized by Borrower or by any other Person whatsoever, shall have the right from time to time and at all times during normal business hours upon reasonable prior written notice to 61 Borrower to examine such books, records and accounts at the office of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee or other Person maintaining such books, records and accounts and to make such copies or extracts thereof as Lender shall desire. After the occurrence of an Event of Default, Borrower shall pay any costs and expenses incurred by Lender to examine any and all of Borrower's, Mortgage Borrower's or Operating Lessee's books, records and accounts as Lender shall determine in Lender's discretion to be necessary or appropriate in the protection of Lender's interest. (ii) Borrower shall furnish to Lender annually within ninety (90) days following the end of each party's Fiscal Year, a true, complete, correct and accurate copy of the consolidated financials of Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc., audited by a "Big Four" accounting firm or other firm reasonably acceptable to Lender, accompanied by an unqualified opinion from an Independent certified public accountant acceptable to Lender in Lender's discretion, and each Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee shall furnish financial statements and all such financial statements above shall (a) be in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Lender, (b) be prepared in accordance with GAAP, (c) include or be accompanied by without limitation, a statement of operations (profit and loss), a statement of cash flows, a calculation of Net Operating Income for all applicable Individual Properties, a balance sheet, an aged accounts receivable report and such other information or reports as shall be requested by Lender or any applicable Rating Agency, (d) be accompanied by an Officer's Certificate from a senior executive of Borrower certifying as of the date thereof (x) that such statement is true, correct, complete and accurate, and fairly reflects the results of operations and financial condition of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, or Operating Lessee, as applicable, for the relevant period, and (y) notice of whether there exists an Event of Default or Default, and if such Event of Default or Default exists, the nature thereof, the period of time it has existed and the action then being taken to remedy same. (iii) Intentionally Omitted. (iv) Borrower shall furnish to Lender within twenty (20) days following the end of each calendar month of Borrower and of Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee, a true, correct, complete and accurate monthly unaudited financial statement which shall (a) be in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Lender, (b) be prepared in accordance with GAAP, (c) include, without limitation, a statement of operations (profit and loss), a statement of cash flows, a calculation of Net Operating Income for all applicable Individual Properties, a consolidated balance sheet, an aged accounts receivable report and such other information or reports as shall be requested by Lender or any applicable Rating Agency and (d) be accompanied by an Officer's Certificate from a senior executive of such entity certifying as of the date thereof (x) that such statement is true, correct, complete and accurate and fairly reflects the results of operations and financial condition of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee, as applicable, for the relevant period, and (y) notice of whether there exists an Event of 62 Default or Default, and if such Event of Default or Default exists, the nature thereof, the period of time it has existed and the action then being taken to remedy same. (v) Borrower shall furnish to Lender, within twenty (20) days following the end of each calendar month, (1) a true, complete and accurate rent roll and occupancy report and such other occupancy and rate statistics as Lender shall reasonably request; (2) operating statements for each Individual Property, in "Microsoft Excel" format and in form and substance substantially similar to the form set forth on Exhibit J, (a) containing monthly, year-to-date and trailing-twelve-month results compared to the results for the prior year for the same periods for each Individual Property, and (b) containing monthly, year-to-date and trailing-twelve-month results compared to the results for the prior year for the same periods for the Individual Properties on a consolidated basis; (3) Smith Travel Star Reports for the applicable month for each Individual Property in "Microsoft Excel" format (if available); (4) updated quality scores for the applicable month for each Individual Property, including detailed criteria and thresholds (if any); (5) summary reports to franchise terminations, defaults, reflagging efforts and conversions for each Individual Property (if applicable). Each such document shall (a) be delivered to Lender in electronic form and in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Lender, and (b) be accompanied by an Officer's Certificate from a senior executive of Borrower, as applicable, certifying as of the date thereof (x) that such statement is true, correct, complete and accurate and (y) notice of whether there exists an Event of Default or Default, and if such Event of Default or Default exists, the nature thereof, the period of time it has existed and the action then being taken to remedy same. (vi) Borrower shall furnish to Lender, within twenty (20) days after request, such further information with respect to the operation of all applicable Individual Properties and the financial affairs of Borrower or such Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee as may be reasonably requested by Lender including, without limitation, all business plans prepared for Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee and for the operation of all such Individual Properties. (vii) Borrower shall furnish to Lender, within twenty (20) days after request, such further information regarding any Plan or Multiemployer Plan and any reports or other information required to be filed under ERISA as may be requested by Lender. (viii) Borrower shall, concurrently with Borrower's delivery to Lender, provide a copy of the items required to be delivered to Lender under this Section 5.1(Q) to the Rating Agencies, the trustee, and any servicer and/or special servicer that may be retained in conjunction with the Loan or any Secondary Market Transaction. Borrower shall furnish to Lender written notice, within two (2) Business Days after receipt by Mortgage Borrower Operating Lessee, of any Rents or other items of Gross Revenue that Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee is not required by the 63 Mortgage Loan Documents to deposit in the Collection Account or Cash Collateral Account (each as defined in the Mortgage Loan Documents) together with such other documents and materials relating to such Rents or other items of Gross Revenue as Lender reasonably requests. (ix) Borrower shall provide Lender with updated information (reasonably satisfactory to Lender) concerning the Basic Carrying Costs for the next succeeding Fiscal Year prior to the termination of each Fiscal Year. (x) Borrower shall cause each Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee to furnish to Lender annually no less than thirty (30) days prior to the beginning of each Fiscal Year, a true, complete, correct and accurate copy of such Mortgage Borrower's or Operating Lessee's draft annual capital and operating budget for each such Mortgage Borrower's or Operating Lessee's Individual Property (each, an "Approved Budget"), which Approved Budgets shall be subject to Lender's prior review and approval, which may be granted or withheld in Lender's sole and absolute discretion. Each Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee shall promptly revise and resubmit to Lender, for Lender's review and approval, any draft annual capital and operating budget to which Lender has objected and requested revisions. Until such time that Lender approves or is deemed to have approved an Approved Budget, the most recently approved Approved Budget shall apply; provided that such approved Approved Budget shall be adjusted to reflect (x) matters in the proposed Approved Budget approved by Lender, (y) as to matters in the proposed Approved Budget not yet approved by Lender (i) increases for expenses actually incurred which vary in relation to gross revenues to the extent of increases in such gross revenues ("Variable Expenses"), and (ii) expenditures actually incurred which are beyond the reasonable control of the applicable Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee such as taxes, utilities and insurance ("Uncontrollable Expenses"). Notwithstanding anything contained in the Loan Documents to the contrary, expenditures shall be deemed in compliance with and made pursuant to the Approved Budget even though such expenditures exceed the amount budgeted therefore in the Approved Budget if such expenditures are for Variable Expenses or Uncontrollable Expenses. (xi) Borrower shall furnish to Lender such other financial information with respect to Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee or the applicable Manager as Lender may, from time to time reasonably request. (Q) Conduct of Business. Borrower shall cause Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee to cause the operation of the Individual Properties to be conducted at all times in a manner consistent with the following: (i) to maintain or cause to be maintained the standard of operations at each Individual Property at all times at a level necessary to insure a level of quality for each such Individual Property consistent with similar facilities in the same competitive market; 64 (ii) to operate or cause to be operated each Individual Property in a prudent manner in compliance in all material respects with applicable Legal Requirements and Insurance Requirements relating thereto and cause all licenses, Permits, and any other agreements necessary for the continued use and operation of each Individual Property to remain in effect except to the extent the failure thereof would not have a Material Adverse Affect; and (iii) to maintain or cause to be maintained sufficient inventory and equipment of types and quantities at each Individual Property to enable Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee or the applicable Manager to operate the Individual Properties. (R) ERISA. (a) Borrower shall deliver to Lender as soon as possible, and in any event within ten (10) days after Borrower knows or has reason to believe that any of the events or conditions specified below with respect to any Plan or Multiemployer Plan has occurred or exists, a statement signed by a senior financial officer of Borrower setting forth details respecting such event or condition and the action, if any, that Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee or an ERISA Affiliate proposes to take with respect thereto (and a copy of any report or notice required to be filed with or given to PBGC by Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee or an ERISA Affiliate with respect to such event or condition): (i) any reportable event, as defined in Section 4043(b) of ERISA and the regulations issued thereunder, with respect to a Plan, as to which PBGC has not by regulation waived the requirement of Section 4043(a) of ERISA that it be notified within 30 days of the occurrence of such event (provided that a failure to meet the minimum funding standard of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA, including, without limitation, the failure to make on or before its due date a required installment under Section 412(m) of the Code or Section 302(e) of ERISA, shall be a reportable event regardless of the issuance of any waivers in accordance with Section 412(d) of the Code); and any request for a waiver under Section 412(d) of the Code for any Plan; (ii) the distribution under Section 4041 of ERISA of a notice of intent to terminate any Plan or any action taken by Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee or an ERISA Affiliate to terminate any Plan; (iii) the institution by PBGC of proceedings under Section 4042 of ERISA for the termination of, or the appointment of a trustee to administer, any Plan, or the receipt by Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee or any ERISA Affiliate of a notice from a Multiemployer Plan that such action has been taken by PBGC with respect to such Multiemployer Plan; 65 (iv) the complete or partial withdrawal from a Multiemployer Plan by Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee or any ERISA Affiliate that results in liability under Section 4201 or 4204 of ERISA (including the obligation to satisfy secondary liability as a result of a purchaser default) or the receipt by Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee or any ERISA Affiliate of notice from a Multiemployer Plan that it is in reorganization or insolvency pursuant to Section 4241 or 4245 of ERISA or that it intends to terminate or has terminated under Section 4041A of ERISA; (v) the institution of a proceeding by a fiduciary of any Multiemployer Plan against Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee or any ERISA Affiliate to enforce Section 515 of ERISA, which proceeding is not dismissed within thirty (30) days; (vi) the adoption of an amendment to any Plan that, pursuant to Section 401(a)(29) of the Code or Section 307 of ERISA, would result in the loss of tax-exempt status of the trust of which such Plan is a part if Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee or an ERISA Affiliate fails to timely provide security to the Plan in accordance with the provisions of said Sections; and (vii) the imposition of a lien or a security interest in connection with a Plan. (b) Borrower shall not, and shall not allow Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to, engage in any transaction which would cause any obligation, or action taken or to be taken, hereunder (or the exercise by (i) Lender of any of its rights under the Note, this Agreement or the other Loan Documents or (ii) Mortgage Lender of any of its rights under the Mortgage Loan Documents) to be a non-exempt (under a statutory or administrative class exemption) prohibited transaction under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"). (c) Borrower hereby certifies and shall deliver to Lender such certifications or other evidence from time to time throughout the term of the Loan, as requested by Lender in its discretion, that (A) neither Borrower nor Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee is an "employee benefit plan" as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA, which is subject to Title I of ERISA, a "plan" as defined in Section 4975 of the Code, which is subject to Section 4975 of the Code, or a "governmental plan" within the meaning of Section 3(32) of ERISA; (B) neither Borrower nor Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee is subject to state statutes regulating investments and fiduciary obligations with respect to governmental plans or, if Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee is subject to such statutes, such statutes do not in any manner affect the ability of the Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to perform its obligations under the Loan Documents or the ability of Lender to enforce any and all of its rights under this Agreement; and (C) one or more of the following circumstances is true: (i) equity interests in Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee are publicly offered securities, within the meaning of 29 C.F.R. Section 2510.3-101(b)(2); (ii) less than twenty-five percent 66 of each outstanding class of equity interests in Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee are held by "benefit plan investors" within the meaning of 29 C.F.R. Section 2510.3-101(f)(2); or (iii) Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee qualifies as an "operating company" within the meaning of 29 C.F.R. Section 2510.3-101(c). (d) If an investor or equity owner in Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee is (directly or indirectly) a plan that is not subject to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, but is subject to the provisions of any federal, state, local, non-U.S. or other laws or regulations that are similar to those portions of ERISA or the Code (collectively, "Other Plan Laws"), the assets of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee shall not constitute the assets of such plan under such Other Plan Laws. (T) Single Purpose Entity. Borrower, Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee shall at all times be a Single-Purpose Entity. (U) Trade Indebtedness. Borrower will pay its trade payables within sixty (60) days of the date incurred, unless Borrower is in good faith contesting Borrower's obligation to pay such trade payables in a manner reasonably satisfactory to Lender (which may include Lender's requirement that Borrower post security with respect to the contested trade payable). (V) Capital Improvements and Environmental Remediation. Borrower shall cause Mortgage Borrower, within the time periods set forth on Exhibit B hereto, to perform the repairs and environmental remediation to the Individual Properties itemized on Exhibit B hereto. Furthermore, Borrower shall cause Mortgage Borrower to diligently perform, or cause to be performed, in a timely and workmanlike manner, all repairs, maintenance and capital improvements contemplated by and itemized in the Approved Budget. (W) Intentionally Omitted. (X) Compliance with Anti-Terrorism, Embargo, Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Laws. Borrower shall comply, and shall cause Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee to comply, with all Legal Requirements relating to money laundering, anti-terrorism, trade embargoes and economic sanctions, now or hereafter in effect. Upon Lender's request from time to time during the term of the Loan, Borrower shall certify in writing to Lender that Borrower's representations, warranties and obligations under Section 4.1(NN) and this Section remain true and correct and have not been breached. Borrower shall immediately notify Lender in writing if any of such representations, warranties or covenants are no longer true or have been breached or if Borrower has a reasonable basis to believe that they may no longer be true or have been breached. In connection with such an event, Borrower shall, and shall cause Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee to, comply with all Legal Requirements and directives of Governmental Authorities and, at Lender's request, provide to Lender copies of all notices, reports and other communications exchanged with, or received from, Governmental Authorities relating to such an event. Borrower shall also promptly reimburse to Lender any and all costs and expenses incurred by Lender in evaluating the effect of such an event on the Loan and 67 Lender's interest in the collateral for the Loan, in obtaining any necessary license from Governmental Authorities as may be necessary for Lender to enforce its rights under the Loan Documents, and in complying with all Legal Requirements applicable to Lender as the result of the existence of such an event and for any penalties or fines imposed upon Lender as a result thereof. (Y) The Mortgage Loan. Except as set forth in Section 8.35 hereof, notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, and without limiting any provision that benefits Lender contained in this Agreement, Borrower shall cause each Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee to (i) at all times observe, perform and satisfy all of the terms, provisions, covenants, negative covenants and conditions required to be observed, performed or satisfied by each Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee, or both under all of the Mortgage Loan Documents, (ii) to at all times enforce all of Mortgage Borrowers' and Operating Lessee's rights and privileges under all of the Mortgage Loan Documents in a manner which is in accordance with the Mortgage Loan Documents (it being understood that no obligation of Borrower set forth in this Agreement shall constitute a guarantee of any monetary obligation of Mortgage Borrower to Mortgage Lender), and (iii) to refrain from taking any action(s) which would constitute or cause an Event of Default under, and as defined in, the Mortgage Loan Documents and to take all actions required of each Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee so that an Event of Default under, and as defined in, the Mortgage Loan Documents does not occur. (Z) Modification of Mortgage Loan Documents. Borrower shall not consent or agree to, or permit each Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee to consent or agree to, any amendment, modification, waiver, or restatement of any of the Mortgage Loan Documents or any of the organizational documents of each Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee, without Lender's prior written consent not to be unreasonably withheld. (AA) Refinancing/Transfer. Borrower hereby agrees that it will not permit to occur: (a) any Transfer or Mortgage Loan Transfer or any creation or issuance of any new, membership, economic, percentage or other equity interest of any type in Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower, SPE Equity Owner or Operating Lessee, unless in each case the prior written consent of Lender is obtained, which consent may be withheld in Lender's sole and absolute discretion or (b) any refinancing of the Mortgage Loan other than as permitted hereunder. (BB) Release of Pledged Collateral. In connection with the release of the Lien of the Pledge Agreement and all other collateral, Borrower shall submit to Lender, not less than ten (10) days prior to the Payment Date on which Borrower intends to pay the Loan in full, a release of Lien (and related Loan Documents) for the Pledged Collateral and all other collateral for the Loan, for execution by Lender. Such release shall be in a form appropriate in each jurisdiction in which such collateral is located and that would be reasonably satisfactory to a prudent lender. (CC) Mortgage Borrower Distributions. On each date on which amounts are required to be disbursed to the Deposit Account pursuant to the terms of the Deposit 68 Account Agreement or are required to be paid to Lender under any of the Loan Documents, Borrower shall exercise its rights under each Mortgage Borrower's organizational documents to cause each Mortgage Borrower to make to Borrower a distribution of its funds in an aggregate amount such that Lender shall receive the amount required to be disbursed to the Deposit Account or otherwise paid to Lender on such date. (DD) Curing. Lender shall have the right, but shall not have the obligation, to exercise Borrower's rights under each of the Mortgage Borrower's organizational documents (a) to cure a Default or Event of Default under, and as each are defined in, the Mortgage Loan Agreement and (b) to satisfy any Liens, claims or judgments against each Individual Property (except for Liens permitted by the Mortgage Loan Documents), in the case of either (a) or (b), unless Borrower or the applicable Mortgage Borrower shall be diligently pursuing remedies to cure to Lender's satisfaction. Borrower shall reimburse Lender on demand for any and all costs incurred by Lender in connection with curing any such Default or Event of Default or satisfying any Liens, claims or judgments against each Individual Property. (EE) Business and Operations. Borrower will qualify to do business and will remain in good standing under the laws of each state as and to the extent the same are required for the ownership, maintenance, management and operation of the Pledged Collateral and/or any other collateral pledged by it as security for the Loan. Borrower shall not enter into any line of business other than the ownership of such collateral, or make any material change in the scope or nature of its business objectives, purposes or operations, or undertake or participate in activities other than the continuance of its present business. (FF) Notices. Borrower shall give notice, or cause notice to be given to Lender promptly upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default and upon any and all the following: (a) any Default, Mortgage Loan Default or Mortgage Loan Event of Default; (b) any default or event of default under any Contractual Obligation of Borrower, or, to the knowledge of Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower, any Manager or Operating Lessee, that could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on Borrower, the ability of Borrower to perform under the Loan Documents or the rights and remedies of Lender under the Loan Documents; (c) any litigation or proceeding affecting Borrower, or, to the knowledge of Borrower, affecting any of any Mortgage Borrower, any Manager or Operating Lessee, in which the amount involved in each case is $100,000 or more and not fully covered by insurance, or in which injunctive or similar relief is sought; (d) a change in the business, operations, property or financial or other condition or prospects of Borrower, or, to the knowledge of Borrower, each Mortgage Borrower, each Manager or Operating Lessee, which could reasonably be expected to have a material 69 adverse effect on Borrower, the ability of Borrower to perform under the Loan Documents or the rights and remedies of Lender under the Loan Documents. ARTICLE 6. NEGATIVE COVENANTS Section 6.1. Borrower Negative Covenants. Borrower covenants and agrees that, until payment in full of the Indebtedness, it will not, and, where applicable, will not permit Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to, do, directly or indirectly, any of the following unless Lender consents thereto in writing: (A) Liens on the Individual Property. Incur, create, assume, become or be liable in any manner with respect to, or permit to exist, any Lien with respect to the Pledged Collateral or each Individual Property or any portion thereof, except: (i) Liens in favor of Lender or Mortgage Lender, as applicable, and (ii) the Permitted Encumbrances. (B) Transfer. Except as expressly permitted by or pursuant to this Agreement or the other Loan Documents (except as otherwise approved by Lender in writing in Lender's discretion) allow any Transfer or Mortgage Loan Transfer to occur, or modify, change, supplement, alter, amend, fail to comply with or terminate the Management Agreement or any Operating Lease, or enter into a new Management Agreement or Operating Lease with respect to any Individual Property except as permitted under this Agreement. (C) Other Borrowings. Incur, unsecured trade payables (not evidenced by a promissory note) incurred in the ordinary course of business relating to the ownership and operation of the Pledged Collateral that do not exceed, at any time, a maximum amount of (1) with respect to Mortgage Borrower and Operating Lessee, (aggregated) two and one-half percent (2.5%) of the Indebtedness and are paid within sixty (60) days of the date incurred, and (2) as to Borrower, $10,000 and are paid within sixty (60) days of the date incurred, create, assume, become or be liable in any manner with respect to Other Borrowings. (D) Change In Business. Cease to be a Single-Purpose Entity or make any material change in the scope or nature of its business objectives, purposes or operations, or undertake or participate in activities other than the continuance of its present business. (E) Debt Cancellation. Cancel or otherwise forgive or release any material claim or debt owed to Borrower or Mortgage Borrower, as applicable, by any Person, except for adequate consideration or in the ordinary course of Borrower's or Mortgage Borrower's, as applicable, business or otherwise if such cancellation, release or forgiveness is prudent and commercially reasonable. 70 (F) Affiliate Transactions. Except as otherwise permitted under or contemplated by the Loan Documents, enter into, or be a party to, any transaction with an Affiliate of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee, except in the ordinary course of business and on terms which are no less favorable to Borrower or such Affiliate than would be obtained in a comparable arm's length transaction with an unrelated third party, and, if the amount to be paid to the Affiliate pursuant to the transaction or series of related transactions is greater than Fifty Thousand Dollars ($50,000.00) (determined annually on an aggregate basis) fully disclosed to Lender in advance. (G) Creation of Easements. Create, or permit any Individual Property or any part thereof to become subject to, any easement, license or restrictive covenant, other than a Permitted Encumbrance. Without limiting the generality of the immediately preceding sentence, neither Borrower nor Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee shall enter into, consent to, grant, amend, modify, restate or supplement any document, instrument or agreement affecting, related to or impacting upon any Individual Property, the title thereto or any portion or aspect thereof, including, without limitation, any easement, reciprocal easement agreement, or any declaration of easements or covenants other than a Permitted Encumbrance. (H) Certain Restrictions. Enter into any agreement which expressly restricts the ability of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee to enter into amendments, modifications or waivers of any of the Loan Documents or the Mortgage Loan Documents. (I) Issuance of Equity Interests. Issue or allow to be created any stocks or shares or shareholder, partnership or membership interests, as applicable, or other ownership interests other than the stocks, shares, shareholder, partnership or membership interests and other ownership interests which are outstanding or exist on the Closing Date or any security or other instrument which by its terms is convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for stock, shares, shareholder, partnership or membership interests or other ownership interests in Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee. Borrower shall not allow to be issued or created any stock in Borrower's general partner or managing member, as applicable, other than the stock which is outstanding or existing on the Closing Date or any security or other instrument which by its terms is convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for any stock in Borrower's general partner or managing member, as applicable. (J) Assignment of Licenses and Permits. Assign or transfer any of its interest in any Permits pertaining to any Individual Property, or assign, transfer or remove or permit any other Person to assign, transfer or remove any records pertaining to any Individual Property without Lender's prior written consent which consent may be granted or refused in Lender's discretion. (K) Place of Business. Change its chief executive office, its principal place of business or place where its books and records are kept without giving Lender at least thirty (30) days' prior written notice thereof and promptly providing Lender such information as Lender may reasonably request in connection therewith. 71 (L) Refinancing. Borrower shall not consent to or permit a refinancing of the Mortgage Loan unless it obtains the prior consent of Lender, or in connection with such refinancing, the Loan is repaid in full pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. (M) Other Limitations. Prior to the payment in full of the Indebtedness, except as otherwise permitted in this agreement including in connection with a Partial Release, neither Borrower nor any of its subsidiaries or Operating Lessee shall, without the prior written consent of Lender (which may be furnished or withheld at its sole and absolute discretion), give its consent or approval to any of the following actions or items: (1) (i) any refinance of the Mortgage Loan, (ii) any prepayment of the Mortgage Loan, (iii) any Transfer of any Individual Property or any portion thereof or (iv) any action in connection with or in furtherance of the foregoing; (2) approve the terms of any budget of or related to any Individual Property; (3) the distribution to the partners, members or shareholders of Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee of property other than cash; (4) except as set forth in an Approved Budget, any (i) improvement, renovation or refurbishment of all or any part of each Individual Property to a materially higher standard or level than that of comparable properties in the same market segment and in the same geographical area as any Individual Property, (ii) removal, demolition or material alteration of the improvements or equipment on each Individual Property or (iii) material increase in the square footage or gross leasable area of the improvements on any Individual Property if a material portion of any of the expenses in connection therewith are paid or incurred by Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee; (5) any material change in the method of conduct of the business of Borrower or any of its subsidiaries or Operating Lessee, such consent to be given in the sole discretion of Lender; (6) the settlement of any claim against Borrower or any of its subsidiaries or Operating Lessee, other than a fully insured third party claim, in any amount greater than $500,000 (in the case of Borrower) or $500,000 (in the case of Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee), such consent to be given in the sole discretion of Lender; or (7) except as required by the Mortgage Loan Documents, any determination to restore any Individual Property after a casualty or a Taking. (N) Limitations on Distributions. Following the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, Borrower shall not make any distributions to its member. 72 (O) Extra Funds. Following the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, Borrower shall not permit any Mortgage Borrower to make a request to receive any "Extra Funds" (as defined in the Mortgage Loan Agreement) pursuant to the terms of the Mortgage Loan Agreement. ARTICLE 7. DEFAULTS Section 7.1. Event of Default. The occurrence of one or more of the following events shall be an "Event of Default" hereunder: (i) if on any Payment Date the funds in the Debt Service Payment Sub-Account are insufficient to pay the Required Debt Service Payment due on such Payment Date and Borrower fails to pay such insufficiency on such Payment Date; provided that Borrower shall have an additional two (2) Business Days past the related Payment Date to make such payment, but only once during any twelve-month period; (ii) if Operating Lessee shall materially breach any of its representations, warranties or covenants set forth in the Mortgage Loan Agreement; provided, however that Operating Lessee shall be deemed to have the same right to cure any such breach (if any) set forth for such breach in the Mortgage Loan Agreement; (iii) if Borrower fails to pay the outstanding Indebtedness on the Maturity Date; (iv) if on any Payment Date Borrower fails to pay the Deposit Account Bank Fees due on such Payment Date; (v) the occurrence of the events identified elsewhere in the Loan Documents as constituting an "Event of Default"; (vi) any breach of Section 2.11(a), 2.11(b), 2.11(e), (2.11(h), Section 2.14, Section 5.1(T), Section 5.1(X), or Section 6.1(B); (vii) if any default or event of default shall occur with respect to Ashford Bucks County LLC's obligations under the Declaration; (viii) if Borrower fails to pay any other amount payable pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document within two (2) Business Days of the date when due and payable in accordance with the provisions hereof or thereof, as the case may be; 73 (ix) if any representation or warranty made herein by Borrower or Operating Lessee or in any other Loan Document, or in any report, certificate, financial statement or other Instrument, agreement or document furnished by Borrower in connection with this Agreement, the Note or any other Loan Document executed and delivered by Borrower, shall be false in any material respect as of the date such representation or warranty was made or remade; (x) if Borrower, any of Borrower's partners or members, as applicable, or any SPE Equity Owner, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee makes an assignment for the benefit of creditors; (xi) if a receiver, liquidator or trustee shall be appointed for Borrower, any of Borrower's partners, members or shareholders, as applicable, or any SPE Equity Owner, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee or if Borrower, any of Borrower's partners, members or shareholders, as applicable, or any SPE Equity Owner, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee shall be adjudicated as bankrupt or insolvent, or if any petition for bankruptcy, reorganization or arrangement pursuant to federal bankruptcy law, or any similar federal or state law, shall be filed by or against, consented to, or acquiesced in by Borrower, any of Borrower's partners, members or shareholders, as applicable, or any SPE Equity Owner, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee or if any proceeding for the dissolution or liquidation of Borrower, any of Borrower's partners, members or shareholders, as applicable, or any SPE Equity Owner, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee shall be instituted; provided, however, that if such appointment, adjudication, petition or proceeding was involuntary and not consented to by Borrower, any of Borrower's partners, members or shareholders, as applicable, or any SPE Equity Owner, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee as the case may be, upon the same not being discharged, stayed or dismissed within ninety (90) days; or if Borrower, any of Borrower's partners, members or shareholders, as applicable, or any SPE Equity Owner, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee shall generally not be paying its debts as they become due; (xii) if Borrower attempts to delegate its obligations or assign its rights under this Agreement, any of the other Loan Documents or any interest herein or therein; (xiii) if any provision of any organizational document of Borrower, any SPE Equity Owner, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee is amended or modified in any respect, or if Borrower, any SPE Equity Owner, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee or any of their respective partners, members, or shareholders as applicable, fails to perform or enforce the provisions of such organizational documents or attempts to dissolve Borrower, any SPE Equity Owner, Operating Lessee or Mortgage Borrower; or if Borrower, any SPE Equity Owner, any Operating Lessee or any Mortgage Borrower or any of their respective partners, members or shareholders, as applicable, breaches any of the covenants set forth in Sections 5.1(T), or 6.1(D); 74 (xiv) if Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee or any SPE Equity Owner enters into any interest rate cap protection agreement, interest rate swap, interest rate hedge agreement or any similar agreement other than the Interest Rate Cap Agreement or unless consented to by Lender in its sole discretion; (xv) if an event or condition specified in Section 5.1(S) shall occur or exist with respect to any Plan, Multiemployer Plan or plan and, as a result of such event or condition, together with all other such events or conditions, Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee or any ERISA Affiliate or any affiliate shall incur or in the opinion of Lender shall be reasonably likely to incur a liability to a Plan, a Multiemployer Plan, PBGC or plan (or any combination of the foregoing) which would constitute, in the determination of Lender, a Material Adverse Effect; (xvi) if without Lender's prior written consent (A) any Manager resigns or is removed or is replaced, (B) intentionally omitted, (C) any Management Agreement is entered into for any Individual Property or (D) there is any change in or termination of any Management Agreement for any Individual Property; (xvii) if, without Lender's prior written consent (A) any Franchisor resigns or is removed or is replaced, (B) any Franchise Agreement is entered into for any individual property, or (C) there is any material change in or termination of any Franchise Agreement for any Individual Property; (xviii) if without Lender's prior written consent (A) any Operating Lessee resigns or is removed or is replaced, (B) any Operating Lease is entered into for any Individual Property or (C) there is a change in or termination of any Operating Lease; (xix) if any Operating Lessee is in default in any material respect beyond any applicable notice or cure period under the applicable Operating Lease; (xx) if any of the assumptions set forth in that certain non-consolidation opinion from Borrower's counsel to Lender dated as of the date hereof shall be untrue in any material respect; (xxi) if Borrower shall be in default under any of the other obligations, agreements, undertakings, terms, covenants, provisions or conditions of this Agreement, the Note, or the other Loan Documents, not otherwise referred to in this Section 7.1, for ten (10) days after written notice to Borrower from Lender or its successors or assigns, in the case of any default which can be cured by the payment of a sum of money or for thirty (30) days after written notice from Lender or its successors or assigns, in the case of any other default (unless otherwise provided herein or in such other Loan Document); provided, however, that if such non-monetary default under this subparagraph is susceptible of cure but cannot reasonably be cured within such thirty (30) day period and provided further that Borrower shall have commenced to cure such default within such thirty (30) day period and thereafter diligently and expeditiously 75 proceeds to cure the same, such thirty (30) day period shall be extended for such time as is reasonably necessary for Borrower in the exercise of due diligence to cure such default, but in no event shall such period exceed ninety (90) days after the original notice from Lender; (xxii) the occurrence of an Event of Default as such term is defined in any Mortgage Loan Document; (xxiii) if the Liens created pursuant to any Loan Documents shall cease to be a fully perfected enforceable first priority security interest or any portion of the Pledged Collateral or any other collateral securing the Loan is Transferred without Lender's prior written consent; (xxiv) if any of the assumptions contained in any opinion relating to issues of substantive consolidation delivered to Lender in connection with the Loan, or in any other opinion relating to substantive consolidation delivered subsequent to the closing of the Loan, is or shall become untrue in any material respect; or (xxv) if any of Borrower or its subsidiaries shall breach any of the terms of: (A) Section 2.6 (d); (B) Section 6.1(A); (C) Section 6.1(I); (D) Section 6.1(L); or (E) Section 6.1(M). Section 7.2. Remedies. (a) Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, all or any one or more of the rights, powers and other remedies available to Lender against Borrower under this Agreement, the Note, the Pledge Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, or at law or in equity may be exercised by Lender at any time and from time to time (including, without limitation, the right to accelerate and declare the outstanding principal amount, unpaid interest, Default Rate interest, Late Charges, Prepayment Premium and any other amounts owing by Borrower to be immediately due and payable), without notice or demand, whether or not all or any portion of the Indebtedness shall be declared due and payable, and whether or not Lender shall have commenced any foreclosure proceeding or other action for the enforcement of its rights and remedies under any of the Loan Documents with respect to all or any portion of the Pledged Collateral. Any such actions taken by Lender shall be cumulative and concurrent and may be pursued independently, singly, successively, together or otherwise, at 76 such time and in such order as Lender may determine in its discretion, to the fullest extent permitted by law, without impairing or otherwise affecting the other rights and remedies of Lender permitted by law, equity or contract or as set forth herein or in the other Loan Documents. Notwithstanding anything contained to the contrary herein, the outstanding principal amount, unpaid interest, Default Rate interest, Late Charges, Prepayment Premium and any other amounts owing by Borrower shall be accelerated and immediately due and payable, without any election by Lender upon the occurrence of an Event of Default described in Section 7.1(x) or Section 7.1(xi). Notwithstanding that this Agreement may refer to a continuing Event of Default, and without limiting Borrower's right to cure a Default which may, with the passage of time, become an Event of Default, Borrower shall have no right pursuant to this Agreement to cure any Event of Default unless permitted by Lender in writing. Section 7.3. Remedies Cumulative. The rights, powers and remedies of Lender under this Agreement shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any other right, power or remedy which Lender may have against Borrower or any other Person pursuant to this Agreement or the other Loan Documents executed by or with respect to Borrower or any other Person, or existing at law or in equity or otherwise. Lender's rights, powers and remedies may be pursued singly, concurrently or otherwise, at such time and in such order as Lender may determine in Lender's discretion. No delay or omission to exercise any remedy, right or power accruing upon an Event of Default shall impair any such remedy, right or power or shall be construed as a waiver thereof, but any such remedy, right or power may be exercised from time to time and as often as may be deemed expedient. A waiver of any Default or Event of Default shall not be construed to be a waiver of any subsequent Default or Event of Default or to impair any remedy, right or power consequent thereon. Any and all of Lender's rights with respect to the Pledged Collateral shall continue unimpaired, and Borrower shall be and remain obligated in accordance with the terms hereof, notwithstanding (i) the release or substitution of the Pledged Collateral at any time, or of any rights or interest therein or (ii) any delay, extension of time, renewal, compromise or other indulgence granted by Lender in the event of any Default or Event of Default with respect to the Pledged Collateral or otherwise hereunder. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, but subject to Section 8.14 hereof, Lender reserves the right to seek a deficiency judgment or preserve a deficiency claim, in connection with the foreclosure on the Pledged Collateral, to the extent necessary to foreclose on other parts of the Pledged Collateral. Section 7.4. Lender's Right to Perform. If Borrower fails to perform any covenant or obligation contained herein and such failure shall continue for a period of (5) five Business Days after Borrower's receipt of written notice thereof from Lender, without in any way limiting Section 7.1 hereof, Lender may, but shall have no obligation to, itself perform, or cause performance of, such covenant or obligation, and the expenses of Lender incurred in connection therewith shall be payable by Borrower to Lender upon demand. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Lender shall have no obligation to send notice to Borrower of any such failure for purposes of this Section 7.4. 77 Section 7.5. Sale. Without limiting any other right or remedy of Lender, during the existence of an Event of Default, Lender may institute proceedings, judicial or otherwise, for the complete or partial sale, public or, to the extent now or hereafter permitted by law, private, of any or all of the Pledged Collateral under the UCC or any other applicable provision of law. In connection with any such proceeding, Lender may sell the Pledged Collateral as an entirety or in blocks or units and at such times and places (at one or more sales) and upon such terms as it may deem expedient unless prohibited by law from so acting. Section 7.6. Partial Foreclosure. Without limiting any other right or remedy of Lender, during the existence of an Event of Default, Lender shall have the right from time to time to partially foreclose upon the Pledged Collateral in any manner and for any amounts secured by the Pledge Agreement or any other Loan Document then due and payable as determined by Lender in its sole discretion including, without limitation, the following circumstances: (i) in the event Borrower defaults beyond any applicable grace period in the payment of one or more scheduled payments of principal and interest, Lender may foreclose upon the Pledged Collateral to recover such delinquent payments or (ii) in the event Lender elects to accelerate less than the entire Indebtedness, Lender may foreclose upon the Pledged Collateral to recover so much of the Indebtedness as Lender may accelerate and such other sums secured by the Pledged Collateral as Lender may elect. Notwithstanding one or more partial foreclosures, the remaining Pledged Collateral shall remain subject to the Pledge Agreement and the other Loan Documents to secure payment of sums secured by the Loan Documents and not previously recovered. Section 7.7. Receiver. Without limiting any other right or remedy of Lender, during the existence of an Event of Default, Lender may apply for the appointment of a receiver, trustee, liquidator or conservator of the Pledged Collateral, without regard for the adequacy of the security for the Indebtedness or a showing of insolvency, fraud or mismanagement on the part of Borrower. Any receiver or other party so appointed has all powers permitted by law which may be necessary or usual in such cases for the protection, possession, control, management and operation of the Pledged Collateral. Borrower hereby consents, to the extent permitted under applicable law, to the appointment of a receiver or trustee of the Pledged Collateral upon Lender's request if an Event of Default has occurred. At Lender's option, such receiver or trustee shall serve without any requirement of posting a bond. Section 7.8. UCC Remedies. Without limiting any other right or remedy of Lender, during the existence of an Event of Default, Lender may exercise with respect to the Pledged Collateral, each right, power or remedy granted to a secured party under the UCC, including, without limitation: (i) the right to take possession of the Pledged Collateral and to take such other measures as Lender deems necessary for the care, protection and preservation of the Pledged Collateral, (ii) the right to require that Borrower, at its expense, assemble the Pledged Collateral and make it available to Lender at a convenient place acceptable to Lender, and (iii) the right to retain any Pledged Collateral in Lender's possession. Any notice of sale, disposition or other intended action by Lender with respect to the Pledged Collateral sent to Borrower in accordance with the provisions hereof at least ten (10) days prior to such action shall constitute reasonable 78 notice to Borrower. Lender shall not have any obligation to clean-up or otherwise prepare the Pledged Collateral for sale. Section 7.9. Exercise of Equity Interest Rights. Without limiting any other right or remedy of Lender, during the existence of an Event of Default, with or without taking title to or retaining possession of the Pledged Collateral, Lender may, and Borrower hereby grants to Lender the right (but Lender shall have no obligation) to exercise any and all of Borrower's managerial, voting and other rights under the organizational documents of Mortgage Borrower and otherwise, and may exercise any and all of Lender's other rights under the Pledge Agreement or in, to or with respect to the Pledged Collateral in the name of Borrower or otherwise. Section 7.10. Power of Attorney. For the purpose of carrying out the provisions and exercising the rights, powers and privileges granted in this Article 7, Borrower hereby irrevocably and unconditionally constitutes and appoints Lender its true and lawful attorney-in-fact to execute, acknowledge and deliver any instruments and do and perform any acts such as are referred to in this subsection in the name and on behalf of Borrower, such power of attorney to be exercisable during the existence of an Event of Default. This power of attorney is a power coupled with an interest and cannot be revoked. ARTICLE 8. MISCELLANEOUS Section 8.1. Survival. Subject to Section 4.2, this Agreement and all covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made herein and in the certificates delivered pursuant hereto shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the execution and delivery by Borrower to Lender of the Note, and shall continue in full force and effect so long as any portion of the Indebtedness is outstanding and unpaid. Whenever in this Agreement any of the parties hereto is referred to, such reference shall be deemed to include the successors and assigns of such party. All covenants, promises and agreements in this Agreement contained, by or on behalf of Borrower, shall inure to the benefit of the respective successors and assigns of Lender. Nothing in this Agreement or in any other Loan Document, express or implied, shall give to any Person other than the parties and the holder(s) of the Note and the other Loan Documents, and their legal representatives, successors and assigns, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim hereunder. Section 8.2. Lender's Discretion. Whenever pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document, Lender exercises any right, option or election given to Lender to approve or disapprove, or consent or withhold consent, or any arrangement or term is to be satisfactory to Lender or is to be in Lender's discretion, the decision of Lender to approve or disapprove, consent or withhold 79 consent, or to decide whether arrangements or terms are satisfactory or not satisfactory or acceptable or not acceptable to Lender in Lender's discretion, shall (except as is otherwise specifically herein provided) be in the sole and absolute discretion of Lender. Whenever pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document (a) the Rating Agencies are given any right to approve or disapprove, (b) confirmation is required from the Rating Agencies that an action will not result in a downgrade or withdrawal of the ratings in a Secondary Market Transaction or (c) any arrangement or term is to be satisfactory to the Rating Agencies, the approval of Lender shall be substituted therefore prior to the date that all or any portion of the Loan is included in a REMIC, and may be based upon, among other things, Lender's reasonable determination of Rating Agency criteria. Section 8.3. Governing Law. (a) The proceeds of the Note delivered pursuant hereto were disbursed from New York, which State the parties agree has a substantial relationship to the parties and to the underlying transaction embodied hereby, and in all respects, including, without limitation, matters of construction, validity and performance, this Agreement and the obligations arising hereunder shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York applicable to contracts made and performed in such State and any applicable law of the United States of America. To the fullest extent permitted by law, Borrower hereby unconditionally and irrevocably waives any claim to assert that the law of any other jurisdiction governs this Agreement and the Note, and this Agreement and the Note shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York pursuant to Section 5-1401 of the New York General Obligations Law. (b) ANY LEGAL SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING AGAINST BORROWER ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE INSTITUTED IN ANY FEDERAL OR STATE COURT IN NEW YORK, NEW YORK, PURSUANT TO SECTION 5-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW OR IN ANY FEDERAL OR STATE COURT IN THE JURISDICTION IN WHICH THE PLEDGED COLLATERAL IS LOCATED, AND BORROWER WAIVES ANY OBJECTION WHICH IT MAY NOW OR HEREAFTER HAVE TO THE LAYING OF VENUE OF ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING, AND BORROWER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE JURISDICTION OF ANY SUCH COURT IN ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING. BORROWER DOES HEREBY DESIGNATE AND APPOINT CSC NETWORKS, 500 CENTRAL AVENUE, ALBANY, NEW YORK, 12206-2290, AS ITS AUTHORIZED AGENT TO ACCEPT AND ACKNOWLEDGE ON ITS BEHALF SERVICE OF ANY AND ALL PROCESS WHICH MAY BE SERVED IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IN ANY FEDERAL OR STATE COURT AND AGREES THAT SERVICE OF PROCESS UPON SAID AGENT AT SAID ADDRESS (OR AT SUCH OTHER OFFICE AS MAY BE DESIGNATED BY BORROWER FROM TIME TO TIME IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS HEREOF) WITH A COPY TO BORROWER AT ITS PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES, ATTENTION: GENERAL COUNSEL AND WRITTEN NOTICE OF SAID SERVICE OF BORROWER MAILED OR DELIVERED TO BORROWER IN THE MANNER 80 PROVIDED HEREIN SHALL BE DEEMED IN EVERY RESPECT EFFECTIVE SERVICE OF PROCESS UPON BORROWER, IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING. BORROWER (I) SHALL GIVE PROMPT NOTICE TO LENDER OF ANY CHANGED ADDRESS OF ITS AUTHORIZED AGENT HEREUNDER, (II) MAY AT ANY TIME AND FROM TIME TO TIME DESIGNATE A SUBSTITUTE AUTHORIZED AGENT (WHICH OFFICE SHALL BE DESIGNATED AS THE ADDRESS FOR SERVICE OF PROCESS), AND (III) SHALL PROMPTLY DESIGNATE SUCH A SUBSTITUTE IF ITS AUTHORIZED AGENT CEASES TO HAVE AN OFFICE OR IS DISSOLVED WITHOUT LEAVING A SUCCESSOR. Section 8.4. Modification, Waiver in Writing. No modification, amendment, extension, discharge, termination or waiver of any provision of this Agreement, the Note or any other Loan Document, or consent to any departure by Borrower therefrom, shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be in a writing signed by the party against whom enforcement is sought, and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance, and for the purpose, for which given. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, no notice to or demand on Borrower shall entitle Borrower to any other or future notice or demand in the same, similar or other circumstances. Section 8.5. Delay Not a Waiver. Neither any failure nor any delay on the part of Lender in insisting upon strict performance of any term, condition, covenant or agreement, or exercising any right, power, remedy or privilege hereunder, or under the Note, or of any other Loan Document, or any other instrument given as security therefor, shall operate as or constitute a waiver thereof, nor shall a single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other future exercise, or the exercise of any other right, power, remedy or privilege. In particular, and not by way of limitation, by accepting payment after the due date of any amount payable under this Agreement, the Note or any other Loan Document, Lender shall not be deemed to have waived any right either to require prompt payment when due of all other amounts due under this Agreement, the Note or the other Loan Documents, or to declare a default for failure to effect prompt payment of any such other amount. Section 8.6. Notices. All notices, consents, approvals and requests required or permitted hereunder or under any other Loan Document shall be given in writing and shall be effective for all purposes if hand delivered or sent by (a) hand delivery, with proof of attempted delivery, (b) certified or registered United States mail, postage prepaid, (c) expedited prepaid delivery service, either commercial or United States Postal Service, with proof of attempted delivery, or (d) by telecopier (with answerback acknowledged) provided that such telecopied notice must also be delivered by one of the means set forth in (a), (b) or (c) above, addressed to the parties as follows: 81 If to Lender: Merrill Lynch Capital, a Division of Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services, Inc. 222 North LaSalle Street 16th Floor Chicago, IL 60601 Attn: Vice President, Real Estate Portfolio Manager Telecopier: 312-499-3026 with a copy to: Merrill Lynch Capital, a Division of Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services, Inc. 222 North LaSalle Street 16th Floor Chicago, IL 60601 Attn: Real Estate Legal Telecopier: 312-499-3026 with a copy to: Dechert LLP One Market Street, Spear Tower, Suite 1600 San Francisco, CA 94105 Attn: Joseph B. Heil, Esquire Telecopier: 415-262-4555 If to Borrower: Ashford Mezz Borrower LLC c/o Ashford Hospitality Trust 14185 Dallas Parkway Suite 1100 Dallas, TX 75254 Attn: David Brooks, Esquire Telecopier: (972) 490-9605 with a copy to: Andrews Kurth LLP 1717 Main Street, Suite 3700 Dallas, Texas 75201 Attn: David Barbour, Esquire Telecopier: (214) 659-4764 A party receiving a notice which does not comply with the technical requirements for notice under this Section 8.6 may elect to waive any deficiencies and treat the notice as having been properly given. A notice shall be deemed to have been given: (a) in the case of hand 82 delivery, at the time of delivery; (b) in the case of registered or certified mail, when delivered or the first attempted delivery on a Business Day; (c) in the case of expedited prepaid delivery upon the first attempted delivery on a Business Day; or (d) in the case of telecopier, upon receipt of answerback confirmation, provided that such telecopied notice was also delivered as required in this Section 8.6. Section 8.7. Trial By Jury. BORROWER AND LENDER, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT THAT THEY MAY LAWFULLY DO SO, HEREBY WAIVE TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY TORT ACTION, BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY HERETO WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT, THE NOTE OR THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS. Section 8.8. Headings. The Article and Section headings in this Agreement are included herein for convenience of reference only and shall not constitute a part of this Agreement for any other purpose. Section 8.9. Assignment. Lender shall have the right to assign in whole or in part this Agreement and/or any of the other Loan Documents and the obligations hereunder or thereunder to any Person and to participate all or any portion of the Loan evidenced hereby, including without limitation, any servicer or trustee in connection with a Secondary Market Transaction. Lender shall provide Borrower with written notice of any such assignment; provided, however, that such notice shall not be a condition of Lender's right to assign this Agreement and/or any of the Loan Documents and the failure to deliver such notice shall not constitute a default under this Agreement. At the option of Lender, the Loan may be serviced by a servicer and\or trustee selected by Lender and Lender may delegate all or any portion of its responsibilities under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to such servicer and\or trustee pursuant to a servicing agreement between Lender and such servicer and\or trustee. Section 8.10. Severability. Wherever possible, each provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Agreement shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provision or the remaining provisions of this Agreement. Section 8.11. Preferences. 83 Lender shall have no obligation to marshal any assets in favor of Borrower or any other party or against or in payment of any or all of the obligations of Borrower pursuant to this Agreement, the Note or any other Loan Document. Lender shall have the continuing and exclusive right to apply or reverse and reapply any and all payments by Borrower to any portion of the obligations of Borrower hereunder. To the extent Borrower makes a payment or payments to Lender for Borrower's benefit, which payment or proceeds or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside or required to be repaid to a trustee, receiver or any other party under any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause, then, to the extent of such payment or proceeds received, the obligations hereunder or part thereof intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continue in full force and effect, as if such payment or proceeds had not been received by Lender. Section 8.12. Waiver of Notice. Borrower shall not be entitled to any notices of any nature whatsoever from Lender except with respect to matters for which this Agreement or the other Loan Documents specifically and expressly provide for the giving of notice by Lender to Borrower and except with respect to matters for which Borrower is not, pursuant to applicable Legal Requirements, permitted to waive the giving of notice. Borrower hereby expressly waives the right to receive any notice from Lender with respect to any matter for which this Agreement or the other Loan Documents does not specifically and expressly provide for the giving of notice by Lender to Borrower. Section 8.13. Remedies of Borrower. In the event that a claim or adjudication is made that Lender or its agents, has acted unreasonably or unreasonably delayed acting in any case where by law or under this Agreement, the Note or the other Loan Documents, Lender or such agent, as the case may be, has an obligation to act reasonably or promptly, Borrower agrees that neither Lender nor its agents, shall be liable for any monetary damages, and Borrower's sole remedies shall be limited to commencing an action seeking injunctive relief or declaratory judgment. The parties hereto agree that any action or proceeding to determine whether Lender has acted reasonably shall be determined by an action seeking declaratory judgment. Section 8.14. Exculpation. Except as otherwise set forth in this Section 8.14 and Section 4.2 to the contrary, Lender shall not enforce the liability and obligation of Borrower to perform and observe the obligations contained in this Agreement, the Note, or any of the other Loan Documents executed and delivered by Borrower except that Lender may pursue any power of sale, bring a foreclosure action, action for specific performance, action for money judgment, or other appropriate action or proceeding (including, without limitation, to obtain a deficiency judgment) against Borrower or any other Person solely for the purpose of enabling Lender to realize upon (a) the Pledged Collateral and (b) any other collateral given to Lender under the Loan Documents ((a) and (b) collectively, the "Default Collateral"); provided, however, that any judgment in any such action 84 or proceeding shall be enforceable only to the extent of any such Default Collateral. The provisions of this Section 8.14 shall not, however, (a) impair the validity of the Indebtedness evidenced by the Loan Documents or in any way affect or impair the Liens of any of the Loan Documents or the right of Lender to foreclose on the Pledged Collateral following an Event of Default; (b) impair the right of Lender to name any Person as a party defendant in any action or suit for judicial foreclosure and sale of the Pledged Collateral; (c) affect the validity or enforceability of the Note or the other Loan Documents; (d) impair the right of Lender to obtain the appointment of a receiver; (e) impair the right of Lender to bring suit for and recover against any Person any damages, losses, expenses, liabilities or costs resulting from fraud, willful misrepresentation, waste of all or any portion of any Individual Property, the Pledged Collateral, or wrongful removal or disposal of all or any portion of any Individual Property or the Pledged Collateral by any Person in connection with this Agreement, the Note or the other Loan Documents; (f) impair the right of Lender to enforce the provisions of Sections 4.1(V) or 5.1(D) through 5.1(G), inclusive of this Agreement or the Environmental Guaranty even after repayment in full by Borrower of the Indebtedness; (g) prevent or in any way hinder Lender from exercising, or constitute a defense, or counterclaim, or other basis for relief in respect of the exercise of, any other remedy against any or all of the Pledged Collateral securing the Note as provided in the Loan Documents; (h) impair the right of Lender to bring suit for and recover against any Person with respect to any misapplication of any funds (including, without limitation, Insurance Proceeds and Condemnation Proceeds); (i) impair the right of Lender to sue for, seek or demand a deficiency judgment against any Person solely for the purpose of foreclosing on the Pledged Collateral or any part thereof, or realizing upon the Default Collateral; provided, however, that any such deficiency judgment referred to in this clause (i) shall be enforceable only to the extent of any of the Default Collateral; or (j) impair the right of Lender to obtain Insurance Proceeds or Condemnation Proceeds due to Lender pursuant to any Loan Document. The preceding provisions of this Section shall be inapplicable to any Person if (i) any petition for bankruptcy, reorganization or arrangement pursuant to federal or state law against any Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee shall be filed by Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee, or any Affiliate of Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee, (ii) if an involuntary bankruptcy or other insolvency proceeding is commenced against Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower, or Operating Lessee (by a party other than Lender) but only if such Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, or Operating Lessee has consented or acquiesced to such proceeding or if Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower, Guarantor, Operating Lessee or any Affiliate of Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower, or Operating Lessee has acted in concert with, colluded or conspired with the party to cause the filing thereof or has consented to or acquiesced thereto, (iii) if Borrower, Operating Lessee any Mortgage Borrower shall institute any proceeding for the dissolution or liquidation of Borrower, or any Mortgage Borrower, (iv) if Borrower, or any Mortgage Borrower shall make an assignment for the benefit of creditors, (v) if Borrower, any Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee shall breach any representation, warranty or covenant in Section 2.14, Section 4.1(C), (such that such breach was considered by a court as a factor in the court's finding for a consolidation of the assets of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee with the assets of another person or entity or as a result thereof Lender suffers any material damage, cost, liability or expense; provided, however, that in the absence of an actual consolidation, recourse may be had against Borrower only to the extent of 85 losses for such breach), 4.1, (v) 4.1(AA), 5.T(T) such that such breach was considered by a court as a factor in the court's finding for a consolidation of the assets of Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee with the assets of another person or entity or as a result thereof Lender suffers any material damage, cost, liability or expense; provided, however, that in the absence of an actual consolidation, recourse may be had against Borrower only to the extent of losses for such breach) (v) if Borrower, Mortgage Borrower or Operating Lessee allows any Transfer or Mortgage Loan Transfer to occur in violation of Section 6.1(B) hereof or otherwise fails to obtain Lender's prior written consent to any Transfer or Mortgage Loan Transfer to the extent such consent is required in this Agreement, (vi) Borrower interferes with Lender's exercise of any of its rights or remedies hereunder, or (vii) if Borrower breaches any representation or warranty contained in Section 4.1(S). Section 8.15. Exhibits Incorporated. The information set forth on the cover, heading and recitals hereof, and the Exhibits attached hereto, are hereby incorporated herein as a part of this Agreement with the same effect as if set forth in the body hereof. Section 8.16. Offsets, Counterclaims and Defenses. Any assignee of Lender's interest in and to this Agreement, the Note and the other Loan Documents shall take the same free and clear of all offsets, counterclaims or defenses which are unrelated to the Loan, this Agreement, the Note and the other Loan Documents which Borrower may otherwise have against any assignor, and no such unrelated counterclaim or defense shall be interposed or asserted by Borrower in any action or proceeding brought by any such assignee upon this Agreement, the Note, and other Loan Documents and any such right to interpose or assert any such unrelated offset, counterclaim or defense in any such action or proceeding is hereby expressly waived by Borrower. Section 8.17. No Joint Venture or Partnership. Borrower and Lender intend that the relationship created hereunder be solely that of borrower and lender. Nothing herein is intended to create a joint venture, partnership, tenancy-in-common, or joint tenancy relationship between Borrower and Lender nor to grant Lender any interest in the Pledged Collateral other than that of lender. Section 8.18. Waiver of Marshalling of Assets Defense. To the fullest extent that Borrower may legally do so, Borrower waives all rights to a marshalling of the assets of Borrower, and others with interests in Borrower, and of the Pledged Collateral, or to a sale in inverse order of alienation in the event of foreclosure of the interests hereby created, and agrees not to assert any right under any laws pertaining to the marshalling of assets, the sale in inverse order of alienation, homestead exemption, the administration of estates of decedents, or any other matters whatsoever to defeat, reduce or affect the right of Lender under the Loan Documents to a sale of the Pledged Collateral for the 86 collection of the Indebtedness without any prior or different resort for collection, or the right of Lender to the payment of the Indebtedness in preference to every other claimant whatsoever. Section 8.19. Waiver of Counterclaim. Borrower hereby waives the right to assert a counterclaim, other than compulsory counterclaim, in any action or proceeding brought against Borrower by Lender or Lender's agents. Section 8.20. Conflict; Construction of Documents. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of this Agreement and the provisions of the Note or any of the other Loan Documents, the provisions of this Agreement shall prevail. The parties hereto acknowledge that they were represented by counsel in connection with the negotiation and drafting of the Loan Documents and that the Loan Documents shall not be subject to the principle of construing their meaning against the party which drafted same. Section 8.21. Brokers and Financial Advisors. Borrower and Lender hereby represent that they have dealt with no financial advisors, brokers, underwriters, placement agents, agents or finders in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Borrower hereby agrees to indemnify and hold Lender harmless from and against any and all claims, liabilities, costs and expenses of any kind in any way relating to or arising from a claim by any Person, that such Person acted on behalf of Borrower in connection with the transactions contemplated herein. The provisions of this Section shall survive the expiration and termination of this Agreement and the repayment of the Indebtedness. Section 8.22. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be an original, but all of which shall together constitute one and the same instrument. Section 8.23. Estoppel Certificates. Borrower and Lender each hereby agree at any time and from time to time upon not less than fifteen (15) days prior written notice by Borrower or Lender (but no more than four (4) times per year unless (i) an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or (ii) such request is occasioned in connection with a Secondary Market Transaction) to execute, acknowledge and deliver to the party specified in such notice, a statement, in writing, certifying that this Agreement is unmodified and in full force and effect (or if there have been modifications, that the same, as modified, is in full force and effect and stating the modifications hereto), and stating whether or not, to the knowledge of such certifying party, any Default or 87 Event of Default has occurred, and, if so, specifying each such Default or Event of Default; provided, however, that it shall be a condition precedent to Lender's obligation to deliver the statement pursuant to this Section, that Lender shall have received, together with Borrower's request for such statement, an Officer's Certificate stating that no Default or Event of Default exists as of the date of such certificate (or specifying such Default or Event of Default). Section 8.24. Payment of Expenses. Borrower shall, whether or not the Transactions are consummated, pay all Transaction Costs, which shall include, without limitation, reasonable out-of-pocket fees, costs, expenses, and disbursements of Lender and its attorneys, local counsel, accountants and other contractors in connection with (i) the negotiation, preparation, execution and delivery of the Loan Documents and the documents and instruments referred to therein, (ii) the creation, perfection or protection of Lender's Liens in the Pledged Collateral (including, without limitation, fees and expenses for title and lien searches and filing and recording fees, intangibles taxes, personal property taxes, mortgage recording taxes, due diligence expenses, travel expenses, accounting firm fees, costs of the Appraisals, Environmental Reports (and an environmental consultant), Surveys and the Engineering Reports), (iii) the negotiation, preparation, execution and delivery of any amendment, waiver or consent relating to any of the Loan Documents, (iv) the review and approval of each replacement Rate Protection Agreement required hereunder, and (v) the preservation of rights under and enforcement of the Loan Documents and the documents and instruments referred to therein, including any restructuring or rescheduling of the Indebtedness, to the extent expressly required hereunder. Section 8.25. Bankruptcy Waiver. Borrower hereby agrees that, in consideration of the recitals and mutual covenants contained herein, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, if Borrower (i) files with any bankruptcy court of competent jurisdiction or be the subject of any petition under Title 11 of the U.S. Code, as amended, (ii) is the subject of any order for relief issued under Title 11 of the U.S. Code, as amended, (iii) files or is the subject of any petition seeking any reorganization, arrangement, composition, readjustment, liquidation, dissolution or similar relief under any present or law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or other relief of debtors, (iv) has sought or consents to or acquiesces in the appointment of any trustee, receiver, conservator or liquidator or (v) is the subject of any order, judgment or decree entered by any court of competent jurisdiction approving a petition filed against such party for any reorganization, arrangement, composition, readjustment, liquidation, dissolution or similar relief under any present or future federal or state act or law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or other relief for debtors, the automatic stay provided by the Federal Bankruptcy Code shall be modified and annulled as to Lender, so as to permit Lender to exercise any and all of its rights and remedies, upon request of Lender made on notice to Borrower and any other party in interest but without the need of further proof or hearing. Neither Borrower nor any Affiliate of Borrower shall contest the enforceability of this Section. 88 Section 8.26. Entire Agreement. This Agreement, together with the Exhibits hereto and the other Loan Documents constitutes the entire agreement among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter contained in this Agreement, the Exhibits hereto and the other Loan Documents and supersedes all prior agreements, understandings and negotiations between the parties. Section 8.27. Dissemination of Information. If Lender determines at any time to participate in a Secondary Market Transaction, Lender may forward to each purchaser, transferee, assignee, servicer, participant or investor in such securities (collectively, the "Investor"), any Rating Agency rating such securities, any organization maintaining databases on the underwriting and performance of commercial loans, trustee, counsel, accountant, and each prospective Investor, all documents and information which Lender now has or may hereafter acquire relating to the Loan, Borrower, Mortgage Borrower, Operating Lessee, any direct or indirect equity owner of Borrower, any guarantor, any indemnitor, the Pledged Collateral and each Individual Property, which shall have been furnished by Borrower any Affiliate of Borrower, Operating Lessee, any guarantor, any indemnitor, or any party to any Loan Document, or otherwise furnished in connection with the Loan, as Lender in its discretion determines necessary or desirable. Section 8.28. Limitation of Interest. It is the intention of Borrower and Lender to conform strictly to applicable usury laws. Accordingly, if the transactions contemplated hereby would be usurious under applicable law, then, in that event, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any Loan Document, it is agreed as follows: (i) the aggregate of all consideration which constitutes interest under applicable law that is taken, reserved, contracted for, charged or received under any Loan Document or otherwise in connection with the Loan shall under no circumstances exceed the maximum amount of interest allowed by applicable law, and any excess shall be credited to principal by Lender (or if the Loan shall have been paid in full, refunded to Borrower); and (ii) in the event that maturity of the Loan is accelerated by reason of an election by Lender resulting from any default hereunder or otherwise, or in the event of any required or permitted prepayment, then such consideration that constitutes interest may never include more than the maximum amount of interest allowed by applicable law, and any interest in excess of the maximum amount of interest allowed by applicable law, if any, provided for in the Loan Documents or otherwise shall be cancelled automatically as of the date of such acceleration or prepayment and, if theretofore prepaid, shall be credited to principal (or if the principal portion of the Loan and any other amounts not constituting interest shall have been paid in full, refunded to Borrower.) In determining whether or not the interest paid or payable under any specific contingency exceeds the maximum amount allowed by applicable law, Lender shall, to the maximum extent permitted under applicable law (a) exclude voluntary prepayments and the effects thereof, and (b) amortize, prorate, allocate and spread, in equal parts, the total amount of 89 interest throughout the entire contemplated term of the Loan so that the interest rate is uniform throughout the entire term of the Loan; provided, that if the Loan is paid and performed in full prior to the end of the full contemplated term hereof, and if the interest received for the actual period of existence thereof exceeds the maximum amount allowed by applicable law, Lender shall refund to Borrower the amount of such excess, and in such event, Lender shall not be subject to any penalties provided by any laws for contracting for, charging or receiving interest in excess of the maximum amount allowed by applicable law. Section 8.29. Indemnification. Borrower shall indemnify and hold Lender and each of its affiliates and their respective successors and assigns (including their respective officers, directors, partners, employees, attorneys, accountants, professionals and agents and each other person, if any, controlling Lender or any of its affiliates within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or Section 20 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) (each, including Lender, an "Indemnified Party") harmless against any and all losses, claims, damages, costs, expenses (including the fees and disbursements of outside counsel retained by any such person) or liabilities in connection with, arising out of or as a result of the transactions and matters referred to or contemplated by this Agreement, except to the extent that it is finally judicially determined that any such loss, claim, damage, cost, expense or liability resulted directly and solely from the gross negligence, fraud or willful misconduct of such Indemnified Party. If any Indemnified Party becomes involved in any action, proceeding or investigation in connection with any transaction or matter referred to or contemplated in this Agreement, Borrower shall periodically reimburse any Indemnified Party upon demand therefor in an amount equal to its reasonable legal and other expenses (including the costs of any investigation and preparation) incurred in connection therewith to the extent such legal or other expenses are the subject of indemnification hereunder. IT IS EXPRESSLY ACKNOWLEDGED AND AGREED BY BORROWER THAT THE INDEMNITY (AND/OR THE RELEASE) CONTAINED IN THIS SECTION 8.29 PROTECTS LENDER FROM THE CONSEQUENCES OF LENDER'S ACTS OR OMISSIONS, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE NEGLIGENT ACTS OR OMISSIONS OF LENDER TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT NOTHING CONTAINED HEREIN SHALL BE DEEMED TO RELIEVE THE LENDER FROM LIABILITY DUE TO ITS GROSS NEGLIGENCE. Section 8.30. Borrower Acknowledgments. Borrower hereby acknowledges to and agrees with Lender that (i) the scope of Lender's business is wide and includes, but is not limited to, financing, real estate financing, mezzanine financing, investment in real estate and other real estate transactions which may be viewed as adverse to or competitive with the business of Borrower or its Affiliates and (ii) Borrower has been represented by competent legal counsel and Borrower has consulted with such counsel prior to executing this Agreement and of the other Loan Documents. Section 8.31. Publicity. 90 Lender shall have the right to issue press releases, advertisements and other promotional materials describing Lender's participation in the origination of the Loan or the Loan's inclusion in any Secondary Market Transaction effectuated or to be effectuated by Lender. All news releases, publicity or advertising by Borrower or their affiliates through any media intended to reach the general public which refers to the Loan Documents or the financing evidenced by the Loan Documents, to the Lender, Merrill Lynch or any of their affiliates shall be subject to the prior written approval of Lender and Merrill Lynch Mortgage Lending, Inc., except for disclosures required by law which shall not require Lender approval but which shall require prior written notice to Lender. Section 8.32. .Borrower and Lender agree that time is of the essence with regard to all obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents. Section 8.33. Final Agreement. THE WRITTEN LOAN DOCUMENT TO WHICH THIS NOTICE RELATES REPRESENT THE FINAL AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE PARTIES AND MAY NOT BE CONTRADICTED BY EVIDENCE OF PRIOR, CONTEMPORANEOUS OR SUBSEQUENT ORAL AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES. THERE ARE NO UNWRITTEN ORAL AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE PARTIES. Section 8.34. .Borrower hereby waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any and all rights under Sections 51.003 and 51.004 of the Texas Property Code. Section 8.35. Notwithstanding any of the provisions of this Agreement, whenever any covenant or other provision contained herein or any other Loan Document requires Borrower to "cause" any Mortgage Borrower or other Person to perform or undertake any action (or language of similar import), such provision shall apply only with respect to Borrower in its capacity as an equity holder of the Mortgage Borrower, it being understood that no covenant or other obligation of Borrower set forth in this Agreement shall constitute a guaranty or other assurance of payment or performance of any monetary obligation of any Mortgage Borrower or any other Person to Lender. [Signatures on the following pages] 91 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their duly authorized representatives, all as of the day and year first above written. LENDER: MERRILL LYNCH CAPITAL, a Division of Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation By: /s/ CYNTHIA M. LOZANO --------------------- Name: Cynthia M. Lozano Title: Assistant Vice President [signatures continued on following page] 92 BORROWER: ASHFORD MEZZ BORROWER LLC, a Delaware limited liability company By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ------------------- David A. Brooks, Vice President
EX-10.17.2 6 d20035exv10w17w2.txt BROKER AGREEMENT [SECURED CAPITAL CORP LOGO] 11150 Santa Monica Boulevard, Suite 1400 Los Angeles, CA 90025 phone (310) 477-9600 fax (310) 477-3436 May 10, 2004 VIA FEDEX Mr. Monty Bennett Mr. Douglas Kessler Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. 14185 Dallas Parkway Suite 1100 Dallas, Texas 75254 RE: FINANCING OF HOSPITALITY PORTFOLIO Dear Monty and Doug: This letter, when countersigned below, will confirm that Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. (the "Company") has engaged Secured Capital Corp ("SCC") to use its best efforts as the Company's exclusive financial advisor with respect to obtaining proposals for the permanent financing (the "Financing") of various hotel properties (as opposed to single asset structured financings) set forth on Exhibit A attached hereto, which Exhibit may be modified as mutually agreed by the Company and SCC (each, a "Property" and collectively, the "Properties"). It is anticipated that the Financing will be solicited in one to four offerings, which may be provided by a single lender or multiple lenders, and will result in total loan proceeds of approximately $100-$200 million, which will be secured by the Properties. 1. SCC'S SERVICES. SCC's services pursuant to this engagement shall include the following: - - Prepare and provide descriptive financing materials to be sent to prospective lenders (all matters of form and content in respect of such materials shall be subject to approval by the Company, which shall be responsible for the accuracy and completeness of such materials). - - Contact a target list of prospective lenders (approved by Company) to present the Financing opportunity. - - Prepare analysis and structuring concepts for prospective lenders in order to facilitate their proposal. Letter to Mr. Monty Bennett and Mr. Douglas Kessler May 10, 2004 Page 2 - - Respond to prospective lenders' questions and inquiries about the Properties. - - Obtain proposals from prospective lenders and present them to the Company. - - Negotiate, in coordination with representatives of the Company, the terms and conditions of the Financing. - - Assist the Company and its counsel in coordinating efforts to achieve timely and efficient documentation and closing of the Financing. - - Such other services reasonably required by the Company in connection with the above. 2. COMPANY APPROVAL REQUIRED; REFERRAL OF INQUIRIES TO SCC. The terms and conditions of any proposal shall be subject to acceptance by the Company in its sole and absolute discretion. SCC shall not have the authority to accept any offer or proposal or to enter into any commitment on behalf of the Company. The Company shall refer all inquiries from prospective lenders regarding the Financing to SCC and agrees to cooperate with SCC in pursuing discussions or negotiations with such prospective lenders. 3. COMPANY TO FURNISH INFORMATION. The Company shall furnish to SCC such information with respect to the Properties and the Company in the Company's possession as SCC may reasonably request in order to render its services effectively. The Company represents to the best of its knowledge that all information furnished by it to SCC will be materially accurate and complete. Company shall keep SCC informed of any financing or sale proposals it obtains on any of the Properties. 4. COMPENSATION. The parties hereto agree that the compensation payable to SCC shall be as set forth on Exhibit B attached hereto. 5. EXPENSES. The Company shall be responsible to pay directly or reimburse SCC, whether or not SCC earns the Success Fee all reasonable third-party, out of pocket expenses associated with analyzing the Properties, preparing marketing materials, and marketing the Financing (collectively, the "Out of Pocket Expenses") incurred by SCC in connection with the marketing of the Financing. The Out of Pocket Expenses shall include reasonable travel costs associated with the Financing as well as printing, copying and delivering financing materials and due diligence materials, including updates. The Company understands and agrees that all expenses incurred to date will be invoiced and due at the time the financing materials are ready for distribution. Thereafter, SCC will periodically invoice the Company for expenses that are subsequently incurred. In no case will the total Out of Pocket expenses exceed $80,000 in the aggregate for the Financing. Letter to Mr. Monty Bennett and Mr. Douglas Kessler May 10, 2004 Page 3 If the Company requests changes in the financing materials after final approval of said materials is given by the Company and production of the material has commenced, the Company will pay (or reimburse) SCC for any costs incurred in making such changes. These costs are in addition to any costs incurred by SCC and are not subject to the cap on expenses set forth above. 6. PUBLICATION OF TRANSACTION. After the closing of a transaction for which SCC is entitled to compensation hereunder, SCC may publish a notice of the transaction in such format, in such publications and at such times as SCC may deem appropriate and consistent with its customary practices subject to the reasonable approval of the Company and applicable laws. Such announcement shall not disclose the monetary terms of the transaction. 7. TERM OF ENGAGEMENT. SCC's engagement hereunder shall commence upon the date of this letter and shall terminate three (3) months following the date of this letter unless extended by the Company in its sole and absolute discretion. If, at the termination of SCC's engagement, the Company has not previously accepted a financing proposal with respect to all of the Properties, SCC may furnish the Company a list of prospective lenders from whom SCC received a signed confidentiality agreement and to whom SCC has delivered a copy of SCC's Financing Memorandum or which SCC requested but did not receive the Company's consent to approach. If a proposal for mortgage financing is accepted by the Company with respect to any of the Properties from any entity named in such list, or any affiliate of any entity named in such list within four (4) months following the termination or expiration of SCC's engagement, SCC shall be deemed to have earned the Success Fee specified in this letter upon the Company's acceptance of the financing proposal, such fees to be payable if and when said transaction actually closes in the manner set forth herein. The Company's obligations under paragraphs 4, 5, 7 and 8 shall survive the termination or expiration of SCC's engagement. 8. INDEMNIFICATION. The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless SCC and its affiliates, the respective directors, officer, and employees of SCC and its affiliates and each of the persons, if any, controlling SCC or any of its affiliates, to the full extent lawful, from and against all claims, demands, damages, losses, liabilities and expenses (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses) (collectively, "Claims") related to or arising from the engagement hereunder, provided that this Section 8 shall not apply to any Claims related to or arising from SCC's gross negligence, bad faith, willful misconduct, breach of the provisions of this agreement, or actions outside of the scope of this agreement. SCC shall indemnify and hold harmless Company and its affiliates, the respective directors, officers, agents and employees of Company and its affiliates and each of the persons, if any, controlling Company or any of its affiliates, to the full extent lawful, from and against all Claims related to or arising from SCC's gross negligence, bad faith, Letter to Mr. Monty Bennett and Mr. Douglas Kessler May 10, 2004 Page 4 willful misconduct, material breach of the provisions of this agreement, or actions outside the scope of this agreement. 9. OTHER MATTERS. Company acknowledges that SCC reserves the right to retain at its sole expense and responsibility a local real estate or other broker to comply with local licensing requirements. If this letter correctly sets forth the Company's understanding, please so confirm by countersigning and returning the enclosed copy. Upon receipt of the copy by SCC, this letter shall be deemed a binding agreement to be construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California. Very truly yours, SECURED CAPITAL CORP By: /s/ D. MICHAEL VAN KONYNENBURG ------------------------------ President and CEO AGREED AND ACCEPTED: ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. BY: /S/ DAVID A. BROOKS - ---------------------------- NAME: DAVID A. BROOKS TITLE: CHIEF LEGAL OFFICER EX-10.18 7 d20035exv10w18.txt AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE EXHIBIT 10.18 AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE between ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, a Delaware limited partnership ("Purchaser") and DUNN GROUP OF INDIANA DUNN FAMILY ASSOCIATES, LLP HOTEL INVESTMENT, LLC ENCORE HOTELS OF BLOOMINGTON, INC. ENCORE HOTELS OF TERRE HAUTE, LLC ENCORE RESIDENTIAL HOTEL OF EVANSVILLE, LLC ENCORE HOTELS OF COLUMBUS, LLC ENCORE HOTELS OF HORSE CAVE, LLC ENCORE HOTELS OF PRINCETON II, LLC DUNN HOSPITALITY GROUP, LLC (collectively, "Seller") HAMPTON INN, EVANSVILLE, INDIANA HAMPTON INN, TERRA HAUTE, INDIANA HAMPTON INN, HORSE CAVE, KENTUCKY FAIRFIELD INN, EVANSVILLE, INDIANA FAIRFIELD INN, PRINCETON, INDIANA COURTYARD, BLOOMINGTON, INDIANA COURTYARD, COLUMBUS, INDIANA COURTYARD, LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY RESIDENCE INN, EVANSVILLE, INDIANA TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Definitions.......................................................................................... 1 ARTICLE II PURCHASE AND SALE; DEPOSIT; PAYMENT OF PURCHASE PRICE; STUDY PERIOD....................................... 8 2.1 Purchase and Sale.................................................................................... 8 2.2 Payment of Purchase Price............................................................................ 9 2.3 Deposit.............................................................................................. 9 2.4 Study Period......................................................................................... 10 ARTICLE III SELLER'S REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES.................................................................. 15 3.1 Organization and Power............................................................................... 15 3.2 Authorization and Execution.......................................................................... 16 3.3 Non-contravention.................................................................................... 16 3.4 Title To Real Property............................................................................... 16 3.5 No Special Taxes..................................................................................... 16 3.6 Compliance with Existing Laws........................................................................ 16 3.7 Personal Property and Inventory...................................................................... 17 3.8 Franchise Agreements/Management Agreements/Operating Agreements/Off-Site Facility Agreements......... 17 3.9 Insurance............................................................................................ 17 3.10 Condemnation Proceedings; Roadways................................................................... 17 3.11 Actions or Proceedings............................................................................... 17 3.12 Labor and Employment Matters......................................................................... 18 3.13 Financial Information and Submission Matters......................................................... 18 3.14 Bankruptcy........................................................................................... 18 3.15 Historical Districts................................................................................. 18 3.16 Hazardous Substances................................................................................. 18 3.17 Sales, Use and Occupancy Taxes....................................................................... 19 3.18 Personal Property Taxes.............................................................................. 19 3.19 Occupancy Agreements................................................................................. 19 3.20 Utilities............................................................................................ 19 3.21 Curb Cuts............................................................................................ 20 3.22 Leased Property...................................................................................... 20 3.23 Advance Bookings..................................................................................... 20 3.24 Americans With Disabilities Act...................................................................... 20 3.25 Structural Condition................................................................................. 20 3.26 Zoning and Platting.................................................................................. 20 3.27 Access............................................................................................... 20 3.28 No Commitments....................................................................................... 20 3.29 Seller Is Not a "Foreign Person"..................................................................... 20 3.30 No Other Property Interests.......................................................................... 20
i ARTICLE IV PURCHASER'S REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES................................................................ 22 4.1 Organization and Power............................................................................... 22 4.2 Authorization and Execution.......................................................................... 22 4.3 Non-contravention.................................................................................... 22 4.4 Litigation........................................................................................... 22 4.5 Bankruptcy........................................................................................... 22 ARTICLE V CONDITIONS PRECEDENT....................................................................................... 22 5.1 As to Purchaser's Obligations........................................................................ 22 5.2 As to Seller's Obligations........................................................................... 25 ARTICLE VI COVENANTS OF SELLER....................................................................................... 26 6.1 Operating Agreements/Off-Site Facility Agreements.................................................... 26 6.2 Warranties and Guaranties............................................................................ 26 6.3 Insurance............................................................................................ 26 6.4 Independent Audit.................................................................................... 26 6.5 Operation of Property Prior to Closing............................................................... 27 6.6 No Marketing......................................................................................... 29 6.7 Employees and Continuation of Seller's Group Health Plans............................................ 29 6.8 Rights of First Refusal and Options.................................................................. 29 6.9 Liquor License....................................................................................... 29 ARTICLE VII CLOSING.................................................................................................. 30 7.1 Closing.............................................................................................. 30 7.2 Seller's Deliveries.................................................................................. 31 7.3 Purchaser's Deliveries............................................................................... 34 7.4 Mutual Deliveries.................................................................................... 34 7.5 Closing Costs........................................................................................ 35 7.6 Revenue and Expense Allocations...................................................................... 35 7.7 Acquisition and Transfer of Inventory and Personal Property.......................................... 37 7.8 Product Improvement Plan Requirements................................................................ 37 ARTICLE VIII GENERAL PROVISIONS...................................................................................... 38 8.1 Condemnation......................................................................................... 38 8.2 Risk of Loss......................................................................................... 38 8.3 Broker............................................................................................... 39 8.4 Bulk Sale............................................................................................ 39 8.5 Confidentiality...................................................................................... 39 8.6 Seller's Accounts Receivable......................................................................... 40 ARTICLE IX LIABILITY OF PURCHASER AND SELLER; INDEMNIFICATION BY SELLER; DEFAULT; TERMINATION RIGHTS................. 40 9.1 Liability of Purchaser and Seller.................................................................... 40 9.2 Indemnification by Seller............................................................................ 41 9.3 Default by Seller/Failure of Conditions Precedent.................................................... 41 9.4 Default by Purchaser/Failure of Conditions Precedent................................................. 42 9.5 Costs and Attorneys' Fees............................................................................ 42
ii 9.6 Limitation of Liability.............................................................................. 42 ARTICLE X MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS................................................................................... 43 10.1 Completeness; Modification........................................................................... 43 10.2 Assignments.......................................................................................... 43 10.3 Successors and Assigns............................................................................... 43 10.4 Days................................................................................................. 43 10.5 Governing Law........................................................................................ 43 10.6 Counterparts......................................................................................... 43 10.7 Severability......................................................................................... 43 10.8 Costs................................................................................................ 43 10.9 Notices.............................................................................................. 44 10.10 Escrow Agent......................................................................................... 45 10.11 Incorporation by Reference........................................................................... 45 10.12 Survival............................................................................................. 45 10.13 Further Assurances................................................................................... 45 10.14 No Partnership....................................................................................... 46 10.15 Time of Essence...................................................................................... 46 10.16 Signatory Exculpation................................................................................ 46 10.17 Rules of Construction................................................................................ 46
iii EXHIBITS Exhibit A -- Land Exhibit B -- Surveyor's Certificate Exhibit C -- Submission Matters Certificate Exhibit D -- Assignment and Assumption Agreement Exhibit E -- Special Warranty Bill of Sale Exhibit F -- Special Warranty Deed Exhibit G -- Assignment of Occupancy Agreements Exhibit H -- Alcoholic Beverage Management Agreement SCHEDULES Schedule 1 -- Authorizations Schedule 2 -- Operating Agreements Schedule 3 -- Employment Agreements Schedule 4 -- Occupancy Agreements Schedule 5 -- Off-Site Facility Agreements Schedule 6 -- Franchise Agreements Schedule 7 -- Management Agreements Schedule 8 -- Allocated Purchase Price for the Hotels Schedule 9 -- Required Seller Consents Schedule 10 -- Seller Disclosures and Exceptions iv AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE THIS AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE (this "Agreement") is made as of this 19th day of May, 2004, between ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, a Delaware limited partnership ("Purchaser"), and DUNN FAMILY ASSOCIATES, LLP, an Indiana limited liability partnership, HOTEL INVESTMENT, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF BLOOMINGTON, INC., an Indiana corporation, ENCORE HOTELS OF TERRE HAUTE, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE RESIDENTIAL HOTEL OF EVANSVILLE, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF COLUMBUS, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF HORSE CAVE, LLC, a Kentucky limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF PRINCETON II, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, and ENCORE DUNN HOSPITALITY GROUP, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company (collectively, "Seller"). R E C I T A T I O N S: A. Seller is the owner of those certain real properties as more particularly described on Exhibits A-1 through A-9 attached hereto and made a part hereof, commonly known as "Hampton Inn - Evansville" located in Evansville, Indiana, "Hampton Inn - Terra Haute" located in Terra Haute, Indiana, "Hampton Inn - Horse Cave" located in Horse Cave, Kentucky, "Fairfield Inn - Evansville" located in Evansville, Indiana, "Fairfield Inn - Princeton" located in Princeton, Indiana, "Courtyard - Bloomington" located in Bloomington, Indiana, "Courtyard - Columbus" located in Columbus, Indiana, "Courtyard - Louisville" located in Louisville, Kentucky, and "Residence Inn - Evansville" located in Evansville, Indiana. B. Purchaser is desirous of purchasing such hotel properties from the applicable Seller entity and the applicable Seller entity is desirous of selling such hotel properties to Purchaser, for the purchase price and upon the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of premises and in consideration of the mutual covenants, promises and undertakings of the parties hereinafter set forth, and for other good and valuable considerations, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged by the parties, it is agreed: ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS 1.1 Definitions. The following terms shall have the indicated meanings: "Act of Bankruptcy" shall mean if a party hereto or any general partner or member thereof shall (a) apply for or consent to the appointment of, or the taking of possession by, a receiver, custodian, trustee or liquidator of itself or of all or a substantial part of its property, (b) admit in writing its inability to pay its debts as they become due, (c) make a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors, (d) file a voluntary petition or commence a voluntary case or proceeding under the Federal Bankruptcy Code (as now or hereafter in effect), (e) be adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent, (f) file a petition seeking to take advantage of any other law AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 1 relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, winding-up or composition or adjustment of debts, (g) fail to controvert in a timely and appropriate manner, or acquiesce in writing to, any petition filed against it in an involuntary case or proceeding under the Federal Bankruptcy Code (as now or hereafter in effect), or (h) take any corporate or partnership action for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing; or if a proceeding or case shall be commenced, without the application or consent of a party hereto or any general partner or member thereof, in any court of competent jurisdiction seeking (1) the liquidation, reorganization, dissolution or winding-up, or the composition or readjustment of debts, of such party or general partner or member, (2) the appointment of a receiver, custodian, trustee or liquidator for such party or general partner or member or all or any substantial part of its assets, or (3) other similar relief under any law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, winding-up or composition or adjustment of debts, and such proceeding or case shall continue undismissed; or an order (including an order for relief entered in an involuntary case under the Federal Bankruptcy Code, as now or hereafter in effect) judgment or decree approving or ordering any of the foregoing shall be entered and continue unstayed and in effect, for a period of sixty (60) consecutive days. "Advance Bookings" shall mean reservations made by Seller or its manager prior to Closing for Hotel rooms or meeting rooms to be utilized after Closing, or for catering services or other Hotel services to be provided after Closing, in the ordinary course of business as consistent with Seller's past practices. "Affiliate" of a Person shall mean (i) any other Person that is directly or indirectly (through one or more intermediaries) controlled by, under common control with, or controlling such Person, or (ii) any other Person in which such Person has a direct or indirect equity interest constituting at least a majority interest of the total equity of such other Person. For purposes of this definition, "control" shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of any Person or the power to veto major policy decisions of any Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise. "Affiliated Company" means any other entity which is, along with Seller and/or Seller's management company, a member of a controlled group of corporations or a controlled group of trades or businesses (as defined in Section 414(b) or (c) of the Internal Revenue Code), any entity which along with Seller and/or Seller's management company is included in an affiliated service group as defined in Section 414(m) of the Internal Revenue Code, and any other entity which is required to be aggregated with Seller and/or Seller's management company pursuant to Treasury Regulations under Section 414(o) of the Internal Revenue Code. "Allocated Purchase Price" shall mean the Purchase Price as allocated among each Hotel as set forth on the Schedule 8 attached hereto. "Applicable Laws" shall mean any applicable building, zoning, subdivision, environmental, health, safety or other governmental laws, statutes, ordinances, resolutions, rules, codes, regulations, orders or determinations of any Governmental Authority or of any insurance boards of underwriters (or other body exercising similar functions), or any restrictive covenants AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 2 or deed restrictions affecting the Property or the ownership, operation, use, maintenance or condition thereof. "Assignment and Assumption Agreement" shall mean one or more assignment and assumption agreements for each Hotel whereby (a) Seller (1) assigns and Purchaser and/or its lessee (as Purchaser shall specify) assumes the Operating Agreements and Off-Site Facility Agreements for the applicable Hotel that have not been terminated prior to Closing in accordance herewith, (2) assigns all of Seller's right, title and interest in and to the Intangible Personal Property for the applicable Hotel, to the extent assignable, and (3) indemnifies, defends and holds Purchaser and/or its lessee harmless with respect to all defaults, liabilities, claims, costs and expenses (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees) relating to acts or omissions accruing under such Operating Agreements and Off-Site Facility Agreements before the Closing Date; and (b) Purchaser and/or its lessee, as applicable, indemnifies, defends and holds Seller harmless with respect to all defaults, liabilities, claims, costs and expenses (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees) relating to acts or omissions accruing under such Operating Agreements and Off-Site Facility Agreements from and after the Closing Date. "Assignment of Occupancy Agreements" shall mean one or more assignment agreements for each Hotel, whereby (a) Seller (1) assigns and Purchaser and/or its lessee (as Purchaser shall specify) assumes all of Seller's right, title and interest in and to the Occupancy Agreements for the applicable Hotel, and (2) indemnifies, defends and holds Purchaser and/or its lessee harmless with respect to all defaults, liabilities, claims, costs and expenses (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees) relating to acts or omissions accruing under such Occupancy Agreements before the Closing Date; and (b) Purchaser and/or its lessee, as applicable, indemnifies, defends and holds Seller harmless with respect to all defaults, liabilities, claims, costs and expenses (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees) relating to acts or omissions accruing under such Occupancy Agreements from and after the Closing Date. "Authorizations" shall mean all licenses, permits and approvals required by any governmental or quasi-governmental agency, body, department, commission, board, bureau, instrumentality or officer, or otherwise appropriate with respect to the construction, ownership, operation, leasing, maintenance, or use of a Property or any part thereof. "Bill of Sale" shall mean one or more bills of sale for each Hotel conveying title to the Inventory, Tangible Personal Property and the Intangible Personal Property for the applicable Hotel to Purchaser or Purchaser's property manager, lessee or other designee (as Purchaser shall specify). "Broker" shall mean Solid Rock Advisors. "Closing" shall mean the Closing of the purchase and sale of the Property pursuant to this Agreement and shall be deemed to occur on the Closing Date. "Closing Date" shall mean the date on which the Closing occurs. AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 3 "Closing Documents" shall mean the documents defined as such in Section 7.1 hereof. "Deeds" shall mean those certain deeds conveying title to the Real Property with special warranty covenants of title from Seller to Purchaser or Purchaser's designee, and subject only to Permitted Title Exceptions. If for a subject Hotel there is any difference between the description of the Land, as shown on the applicable Exhibits A-1 through A-9 attached hereto and the description of the Land as shown on the applicable Survey for such Hotel then, if so requested by Purchaser, Seller shall convey title to the description of the Land contained in the Survey by quitclaim deed. "Deposit" shall mean all amounts deposited from time to time with Escrow Agent by Purchaser pursuant to Section 2.3 hereof, plus all interest or other earnings that may accrue thereon. All cash Deposits shall be invested by Escrow Agent in a commercial bank or banks acceptable to Purchaser at money market rates, or in such other investments as shall be approved in writing by Seller and Purchaser. The Deposit shall be held and disbursed by Escrow Agent in strict accordance with the terms and provisions of this Agreement. "Employment Agreements" shall mean all employment agreements, written or oral, between Seller or its managing agent and the persons employed with respect to a Property. "Environmental Damages" shall mean all third-party claims, judgments, damages, losses, penalties, fines, liabilities (including, without limitation, punitive damages and strict liability), encumbrances, liens, costs and expenses of investigation and defense of any claim, whether or not such is ultimately defeated, and of any settlement or judgment, of whatever kind or nature, contingent or otherwise, matured or unmatured, including, without limitation, attorneys' fees and disbursements and consultants' fees, any of which arise as a result of the existence of Hazardous Materials upon, about or beneath a Property or migrating or threatening to migrate from a Property, or as a result of the existence of a violation of Environmental Requirements pertaining to a Property. "Environmental Requirements" shall mean (i) all applicable statutes, regulations, rules, policies, ordinances, codes, licenses, permits, orders, approvals, plans, authorizations, and similar items, of all Governmental Authorities, and (ii) all judicial, administrative and regulatory decrees, judgments and orders, in each case of (i) and (ii) relating to the protection of human health or the environment from Hazardous Materials, including, without limitation: (a) all requirements thereof, including, without limitation, those pertaining to reporting, licensing, permitting, investigation and remediation of emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of Hazardous Materials into the air, surface water, groundwater or land, or relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials; and (b) all requirements pertaining to the protection of the health and safety of employees or the public from Hazardous Materials. "Escrow Agent" shall mean Chicago Title Insurance Company, 711 Third Avenue, 5th Floor, New York, New York 10017, Attn: Sie Cheung. AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 4 "Financial Information" shall mean the financial information defined as such in Section 3.13 hereof. "FIRPTA Certificate" shall mean the affidavit of Seller under Section 1445 of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended, certifying that Seller is not a foreign corporation, foreign partnership, foreign trust, foreign estate or foreign person (as those terms are defined in the Internal Revenue Code and regulations promulgated thereunder), in form and substance satisfactory to Purchaser. "Franchise Agreements" shall collectively mean those certain franchise agreements relating to each Property as described on Schedule 6 attached hereto. "Franchisors" shall mean the franchisors for each Property as identified on Schedule 6 attached hereto. "Guaranty" shall have the meaning as set forth in Section 5.1(h) hereof. "Governmental Authority" shall mean any federal, state, county, municipal or other government or any governmental or quasi-governmental agency, department, commission, board, bureau, officer or instrumentality, foreign or domestic, or any of them. "Hazardous Materials" shall mean any chemical substance: (i) which at the time of Closing is or becomes defined as a "hazardous substance," "hazardous waste," "hazardous material," "pollutant," "contaminant," or "toxic," "explosive," "corrosive," "flammable," "infectious," "radioactive," "carcinogenic," or "mutagenic" material under any law, regulation, rule, order, or other authority of the federal, state or local governments, or any agency, department, commission, board, or instrumentality thereof, regarding the protection of human health or the environment from such chemical substances including, but not limited to, the following federal laws and their amendments, analogous state and local laws, and any regulations promulgated thereunder: the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the Oil Pollution Control Act, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1986, the Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act, the Solid Waste Disposal Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the Safe Drinking Water Act, the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act, and the Toxic Substances Control Act, including, without limitation, asbestos and gasoline and other petroleum products (including crude oil or any fraction thereof); (ii) without limitation, which contains gasoline, diesel fuel or other petroleum hydrocarbons; (iii) without limitation, which contains drinking biphenyls or asbestos or asbestos-containing materials or urea formaldehyde foam insulation; or (iv) without limitation, radon gas. "Hotels" shall collectively mean (and "Hotel" shall individually mean each of) the hotels and related amenities located on the Land. "Improvements" shall mean the Hotels and all other buildings, improvements, fixtures and other items of real estate located on the Land. AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 5 "Insurance Policies" shall mean all policies of insurance maintained by or on behalf of Seller pertaining to each Property, its operation, or any part thereof. "Intangible Personal Property" shall mean all intangible personal property owned or possessed by Seller and used in connection with the ownership, operation, leasing, occupancy or maintenance of a Property, including, without limitation as to each Property, (1) the Authorizations, (2) telephone numbers, TWX numbers, post office boxes, warranties, signage rights, utility and development rights and privileges, general intangibles, business records, site plans, surveys, environmental and other physical reports, plans and specifications pertaining to the Real Property and the Personal Property, (3) all websites and domains used for each Hotel, including access to the FTP files of the websites to obtain website information and content pertaining to each such Hotel, (4) any unpaid award for taking by condemnation or any damage to the Land by reason of a change of grade or location of or access to any street or highway, and (5) the share of the Rooms Ledger determined under Section 7.6 hereof, excluding (a) any of the aforesaid rights Purchaser elects not to acquire, (b) Seller's cash on hand, in bank accounts and invested with financial or other institutions and (c) accounts receivable except for the above described share of the Rooms Ledger. "Inventory" shall mean all inventories described in Section 7.7 hereof. "Land" shall mean those certain parcels of real estate more particularly described on Exhibits A-1 through A-9 attached hereto, together with all easements, rights, privileges, remainders, reversions and appurtenances thereunto belonging or in any way appertaining, and all of the estate, right, title, interest, claim or demand whatsoever of Seller therein, in the streets and ways adjacent thereto and in the beds thereof, either at law or in equity, in possession or expectancy, now or hereafter acquired. "Leased Property" shall mean for each Hotel all leased items of Tangible Personal Property at each such Hotel. "Management Agreements" shall mean those certain Management Contracts described on Schedule 7 attached hereto. "Occupancy Agreements" shall mean all leases, concession or occupancy agreements in effect with respect to a Real Property under which any tenants (other than Hotel guests) or concessionaires occupy space upon a Real Property. "Off-Site Facility Agreements" shall mean those easements, leases, contracts and agreements pertaining to facilities not located on a Property but which Purchaser deems necessary, beneficial or related to the operation of the related Hotel including, without limitation, use agreements for local golf courses, parking contracts or leases, garage contracts or leases, skybridge easements, tunnel easements, utility easements, and storm water management agreements. "Operating Agreements" shall mean all service, supply and maintenance contracts, if any, in effect with respect to a Property and all other contracts (other than the AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 6 Occupancy Agreements, Management Agreements, Off-Site Facility Agreements and the Employment Agreements) that affect such Property or are otherwise related to the construction, ownership, operation, occupancy or maintenance of such Property. "Owner's Title Policy" shall mean an owner's policy of title insurance issued to Purchaser by the Title Company, pursuant to which the Title Company insures Purchaser's ownership of fee simple title to each Real Property (including the marketability thereof) subject only to Permitted Title Exceptions. The Owner's Title Policy shall insure Purchaser in the amount of the Purchase Price and shall be acceptable in form and substance to Purchaser. Purchaser may require such deletions of standard exceptions and such title endorsements as are legally available and customarily required by institutional investors purchasing property comparable to a Property in the States where each Property is situated. "Permitted Title Exceptions" shall mean those exceptions to title to each Real Property that are satisfactory to Purchaser as determined pursuant to Section 2.4(d) hereof. "Person" shall mean an individual, a partnership, a limited liability company, a corporation, an association, a joint stock company, a trust, a joint venture, an unincorporated organization, or a Governmental Authority. "Personal Property" shall mean collectively the Tangible Personal Property and the Intangible Personal Property, but shall not include any property located on a Property which is owned by Seller's property manager. "PIPs" shall mean all product improvement plan requirements described in Section 7.8 hereof. "Property" shall mean collectively all Real Property, all Inventory, all Tangible Personal Property and all Intangible Personal Property. "Purchase Price" shall mean $63,500,000.00 payable in the manner described in Section 2.2 hereof. "Purchaser's Objections" shall mean the objections defined as such in Section 2.4(d) hereof. "Real Property" shall collectively mean the Land and the Improvements relating to each Hotel. "Rooms Ledger" shall mean the final night's room revenue at a Hotel (revenue from rooms occupied as of 6:00 a.m. on the Closing Date, exclusive of food, beverage, telephone and similar charges which shall be retained by Seller), including any sales taxes, room taxes or other taxes thereon. "Seller's Organizational Documents" shall mean the current partnership agreement, operating agreement, or articles of incorporation, and related certificates of limited liability partnership, organization or incorporation of each Seller and its general partners or AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 7 members, as applicable, true and correct copies of which shall be provided to Purchaser prior to Closing. "Study Period" shall mean the period commencing on the date this Agreement has been fully executed and delivered by all parties hereto, and continuing through the date that is forty-five (45) days thereafter; provided, however, Purchaser shall have the option to shorten the Study Period. Except as expressly noted herein to the contrary, time periods herein referred to shall mean the time periods as in effect, from time to time, in Dallas, Texas. "Submission Matters" shall mean all items Seller is required to deliver and/or make available to Purchaser pursuant to Section 2.4(b) hereof. "Submission Matters Certificate" shall mean the certificate defined as such in Section 2.4(b) hereof. "Surveys" shall collectively mean the surveys defined as such in and prepared pursuant to Section 2.4(d) hereof. "Tangible Personal Property" shall mean the items of tangible personal property consisting of all furniture, fixtures, equipment, machinery, Inventory and other personal property of every kind and nature (including cash-on-hand and petty cash funds) located on or used or useful in the operation of the Hotels and owned by Seller, including, without limitation, Seller's interest as lessee with respect to any such Tangible Personal Property. "Title Commitments" shall collectively mean the title commitments and exception documents defined as such in Section 2.4(d) hereof. "Title Company" shall mean Escrow Agent on behalf of Chicago Title Insurance Company or other title insurance underwriter selected by Purchaser. "UCC Reports" shall mean the reports defined as such in Section 2.4(d) hereof. "Utilities" shall mean public sanitary and storm sewers, natural gas, telephone, public water facilities, electrical facilities and all other utility facilities and services necessary or appropriate for the operation and occupancy of each Property as a hotel. "Warranties and Guaranties" shall mean all warranties and guaranties relating to the Improvements or the Tangible Personal Property or any part thereof. ARTICLE II PURCHASE AND SALE; DEPOSIT; PAYMENT OF PURCHASE PRICE; STUDY PERIOD 2.1 Purchase and Sale. Seller agrees to sell and Purchaser agrees to purchase the Property for the Purchase Price and in accordance with and subject to the other terms and conditions set forth herein. AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 8 2.2 Payment of Purchase Price. The Purchase Price shall be paid to Seller in the following manner: (a) Purchaser shall receive a credit against the Purchase Price in an amount equal to the amount of the Deposit. (b) Purchaser shall pay the balance of the Purchase Price, as adjusted in the manner specified in Article VII and as set forth below, to Seller or other applicable party at Closing by making a wire transfer of immediately available federal funds to the account of Seller or other applicable party as specified in writing by Seller. (c) Purchaser and Seller shall in good faith agree, prior to the expiration of the Study Period, to an allocation of the Purchase Price among the Real Property and the Personal Property for each Hotel ("Allocation"). Within seven (7) days after execution of this Agreement, Purchaser will provide to Seller an initial proposed Allocation for Seller's consideration which Purchaser and Seller agree to adjust as of the date of Closing if either such party reasonably deems necessary. Seller and Purchaser agree to (i) be bound by the Allocation, (ii) act in accordance with the Allocation in the preparation of financial statements and the filing of all tax returns and in the course of any tax audit, tax review or tax litigation relating thereto, and (iii) refrain from, and cause their Affiliates to refrain from, taking a position inconsistent with the Allocation for all tax purposes. 2.3 Deposit. Within two (2) business days after the execution hereof by both Seller and Purchaser and as a condition precedent to the effectiveness of this Agreement, Purchaser shall deliver to Escrow Agent (i) a wire transfer or check in the sum of Fifty Dollars ($50.00) payable to the order of Seller representing the independent consideration for Seller's execution of this Agreement and agreement to provide Purchaser with the Study Period (which check or the proceeds of which wire transfer shall thereafter be delivered by Escrow Agent to Seller) and (ii) a wire transfer or check in the sum of Three Hundred Thousand and No/100 Dollars ($300,000.00) (the "Initial Deposit"), the proceeds of which wire transfer or check Escrow Agent shall deposit and invest in an interest bearing account at a financial institution acceptable to Purchaser or as otherwise agreed to in writing by Seller and Purchaser. Within two (2) business days after the expiration of the Study Period, if this Agreement has not been sooner terminated, Purchaser shall deposit with Escrow Agent, by wire transfer an additional deposit in the amount of Three Hundred Thousand and No/100 Dollars ($300,000.00) (the "Additional Deposit"). If Purchaser fails to timely deposit the Additional Deposit with Escrow Agent, Seller shall be entitled, as Seller's sole and exclusive remedy, to terminate this Agreement by written notice to Purchaser at any time before the Additional Deposit is delivered to Escrow Agent, in which event the Initial Deposit shall be refunded to Purchaser and neither party shall have any obligations hereunder, except those which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement. If Purchaser deposits the Additional Deposit with Escrow Agent before Purchaser's receipt of Seller's termination notice, Purchaser shall be deemed to have timely deposited the Additional Deposit and Seller shall not thereafter be entitled to terminate this Agreement as a result of any delay in depositing the Additional Deposit. The Initial Deposit and the Additional Deposit (when it is deposited by Purchaser with Escrow Agent) are collectively and individually referred to herein as the "Deposit". Escrow Agent shall hold and invest the Deposit pursuant to the AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 9 terms, conditions and provisions of this Agreement. All accrued interest on the Deposit shall become part of the Deposit. The Deposit shall be returned to Purchaser if Purchaser, prior to the end of the Study Period, notifies Seller in writing, pursuant to Section 2.4 hereof, that Purchaser is electing to terminate this Agreement. If no such written notice is received by the Seller on or before the expiration of the Due Diligence Period, the Purchaser is deemed to have approved the Hotels and the Deposit shall become non-refundable. The Deposit shall be either (a) applied at the Closing against the Purchase Price, (b) returned to Purchaser pursuant hereto, or (c) paid to Seller pursuant hereto. For purposes of reporting earned interest with respect to the Deposit, Purchaser's Federal Tax Identification Number is 20 0110897, and each Seller's Federal Tax Identification Number is as follows:
Seller Entity Federal Tax ID No. - ------------- ----------------- Dunn Family Associates, LLP 35-1826022 Hotel Investment, LLC 35-0559650 Encore Hotel of Bloomington, Inc. 35-1934951 Encore Hotel of Terre Haute, LLC 35-2012478 Encore Residential Hotel of Evansville, LLC 35-2007849 Encore Hotel of Columbus, LLC 35-1984448 Encore Hotel of Horse Cave, LLC 35-1988963 Encore Hotel of Princeton II, LLC 35-2007857 Dunn Hospitality Group, LLC 35-2045445
2.4 Study Period. (a) Purchaser and Purchaser's potential lessee or manager shall have the right, until 5:00 p.m., Dallas, Texas time on the last day of the Study Period, and thereafter if Purchaser does not notify Seller in writing prior to the expiration of the Study Period that Purchaser has elected to terminate this Agreement, to enter upon the Real Property at each Hotel upon two (2) business days notice to Seller and to perform, at Purchaser's expense and without materially interfering with the Seller's normal business operations at the Hotel, such economic, surveying, engineering, topographic, environmental, marketing and other tests, studies and investigations as Purchaser and Purchaser's potential lessee may deem appropriate. If such tests, studies and investigations warrant, in Purchaser's sole, absolute and unreviewable discretion, that the purchase of the Property for the purposes contemplated by Purchaser is not desirable, then Purchaser may elect, prior to the expiration of the Study Period, to notify Seller in writing that Purchaser has elected to terminate this Agreement. In such event, this Agreement automatically shall terminate, the Deposit shall be promptly returned to Purchaser and Purchaser and Seller AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 10 shall be released from all further liability or obligation hereunder except those which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement. (b) For the purpose of this Agreement any Submission Matters in the possession of Seller's management company shall be deemed to be "reasonably available to Seller." Within five (5) days after executing this Agreement, Seller shall make available to Purchaser at Seller's principal place of business (as noted below) the following to Purchaser for each Hotel: (1) All Occupancy Agreements in effect as of the date of this Agreement, together with, if in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller, summaries of the pertinent terms. (2) To the extent in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller, copies of all Authorizations including, without limitation, all certificates of occupancy, permits, authorizations, approvals, liquor licenses, liquor license applications and licenses issued by Governmental Authorities having jurisdiction over the Property and copies of all certificates issued by the local board of fire underwriters (or other body exercising similar functions) relating to the Property. (3) A complete list of Advance Bookings. (4) The Franchise Agreements (including PIP's), Management Agreements and a complete list of all Operating Agreements and Off-Site Facility Agreements in effect as of the date of this Agreement and complete copies of the Franchise Agreements (including PIP's), Management Agreements and all such Operating Agreements and Off-Site Facility Agreements, together with, if in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller, summaries of the pertinent terms. (5) A schedule indicating all pertinent information with respect to each Employment Agreement in effect as of the date hereof (including name of employee, social security number, wage or salary, accrued vacation benefits, other fringe benefits, etc.) and copies of all such Employment Agreements. (6) To the extent in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller, a schedule setting forth the type and amounts of insurance coverage maintained by Seller with respect to the Property as of the date of this Agreement and complete copies of all such Insurance Policies and loss history reports. (7) To the extent in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller, monthly and annual financial and operating statements for the Property AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 11 (including audited statements, if available), for the previous three (3) calendar years and the year to date. (8) The operating and capital expenditure budget for the Property for the current calendar year and, to the extent in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller, for the previous three (3) calendar years. (9) A complete list of all Tangible Personal Property. (10) A complete list of all Leased Property and deliver a complete copies of all lease agreements and summaries related thereto. (11) To the extent in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller, copies of receipts for all personal property taxes and ad valorem taxes and special assessments assessed against the Property for the current calendar year and prior three calendar years, statements for Utilities payable for the current calendar year and prior calendar year, and any information in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller regarding current renditions or assessments on the Property or notices relative to change in valuation for ad valorem taxes. (12) A complete list of all Warranties and Guaranties in effect as of the date of this Agreement and complete copies of all such Warranties and Guaranties. (13) Copies of all soil tests, structural engineering tests, masonry tests, percolation tests, water, oil, gas, mineral, radon, formaldehyde, PCB or other environmental tests, audits or reports, market studies and site plans related to the Property in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller. (14) If in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller, copies of complete sets of all architectural, mechanical, structural and/or electrical plans and specifications used in connection with the construction of or alterations or repairs to the Property. (15) If in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller, copies of as-built plans and specifications for the Property. (16) Parking, structural, mechanical or other engineering reports or studies related to the Property, if any, in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller. (17) If in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller, copies of any title insurance policies covering the Real Property and any surveys of all or any portion of the Property. AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 12 (18) If in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller, copies of any and all health inspection reports with respect to the Property. (19) Copies of all appraisals of the Property in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller. (20) Photos of the Property in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller. (21) A complete list of all prepaid expenses with respect to the Property. (22) A schedule of pending litigation affecting the Property. (23) An employee census listing the name, date of hire, last increase, department, title and rate of pay with respect to each employee at the Property, a payroll run, copies of all pension documents and a schedule of liabilities therefor and copies of all union and collective bargaining agreements affecting the Property. (24) A copy of the most recent STAR Report as well as market segmentation information, sales kits and brochures, marketing plans and Property fact sheets which include Property amenities, rooms and food and beverage facilities. (25) A schedule setting forth the occupancy and average rates for the Property on a monthly basis for the previous three (3) calendar years and the year to date. (26) Copies of any and all franchise quality inspection reports. (27) Copies of all existing zoning and utility letters affecting the Property. All Submission Matters shall be delivered to Purchaser together with a certificate of Seller (the "Submission Matters Certificate") in which Seller shall represent that, to the best of Seller's knowledge, the Submission Matters delivered to Purchaser are true, accurate and complete copies thereof in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller and that those Submission Matters that have been prepared by Seller are true, accurate and complete in all material respects but Seller makes no representations and warranties as to the truth, accuracy and completeness of any materials, data or information prepared by or obtained from a party other than the Seller and included as a part of the Submission Matters delivered to Purchaser. The form of Submission Matters Certificate is attached hereto as Exhibit C and incorporated herein. Such certification shall constitute a representation and warranty of Seller contained in and made under this Agreement. During the Study Period and thereafter until the Closing, Seller shall make available to Purchaser, its agents, auditors, engineers, attorneys, potential lessees and other designees, for inspection and/or copying, copies of all existing architectural and engineering studies, surveys, title insurance policies, zoning and site plan materials, correspondence, environmental audits and reviews, books, records, tax returns, bank statements, financial statements, advance reservations AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 13 and room bookings and function bookings, rate schedules and any and all other materials or information relating to each Property which are in, or come into, Seller's possession or control or are otherwise reasonably available to Seller. (c) Purchaser shall indemnify and defend Seller against any loss, damage or claim for death, personal injury or property damage arising from the acts upon the Real Property by Purchaser or any agents, contractors or employees of Purchaser. Purchaser, at its own expense, shall restore any damage to the Property caused by any of the tests or studies made by Purchaser unless arising from the negligent or willful acts of Seller or any of its agents, contractors or employees. This provision shall survive any termination of this Agreement and a closing of the transaction contemplated hereby. (d) Within ten (10) days following the execution of this Agreement by the last of Purchaser or Seller, Purchaser shall obtain, at Purchaser's sole cost and expense (which cost and expense shall be applied as a credit to the Purchase Price at Closing), for each Real Property, a Survey of the Land and the Improvements, prepared by a Surveyor licensed to practice as such in the State where the Land is located, bearing a date not earlier than thirty (30) days from the date of its delivery, containing the certificate attached hereto as Exhibit B, and conforming to the requirements set forth in such certificate. Within ten (10) days following the execution of this Agreement by the last of Purchaser or Seller, Seller shall cause the Title Company to furnish to Purchaser, at Seller's sole cost and expense, (i) for each Real Property, a title insurance commitment bearing an effective date subsequent to the date of this Agreement issued by the Title Company covering the Real Property, binding the Title Company to issue its 1990 Form ALTA Owner's Policy of Title Insurance (without a creditors' rights exception), in form approved for use in the state where the Property is located in favor of Purchaser, showing title to be held currently by Seller in a good, marketable and insurable condition, together with legible copies of all documents identified in such title insurance commitment as exceptions to title certified as true and complete by the Title Company (the "Title Commitment"), and (ii) reports of searches of the Uniform Commercial Code records of both the county and State in which each Property is located and the state of Seller's formation (collectively, the "UCC Reports") with respect to the state of title to the Property. Prior to the expiration of the Study Period, Purchaser shall notify Seller of any matters shown on the Surveys or identified in the Title Commitments or the UCC Reports that Purchaser is unwilling to accept (collectively, "Purchaser's Objections"). In the event that any of the Surveys, the Title Commitments and/or the UCC Reports are not delivered to Purchaser within the required ten (10) day period, the Study Period shall be extended by a period of time equal to the number of days after the expiration of the required ten (10) day period Seller takes to deliver the Surveys, the Title Commitments and/or the UCC Reports. If any of Purchaser's Objections consist of delinquent taxes, mortgages, deeds of trust, security agreements, construction or mechanics' liens, tax liens or other liens or charges in a fixed sum or capable of computation as a fixed sum, then, to that extent, notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, Seller shall be obligated to pay and discharge (or bond against in a manner sufficient to cause the Title Company to insure over such Purchaser's Objections) any such Purchaser's Objections and Escrow Agent is authorized to pay and discharge at Closing such Purchaser's Objections to the extent not paid and discharged or bonded against at Closing. For such purposes, Seller may use all or a portion of the cash to close. Seller shall not be obligated to incur any expenses to cure any non-monetary Purchaser's Objections unless Seller AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 14 agrees to cure such non-monetary Purchaser's Objections as hereinafter provided. Seller shall notify Purchaser within five (5) days after receipt of notice of Purchaser's Objections whether Seller agrees to cure such non-monetary Purchaser's Objections. If Seller notifies Purchaser in writing within such five (5) day period that Seller agrees to cure such non-monetary Purchaser's Objections, Seller shall correct such non-monetary Purchaser's Objections on or before the Closing Date to the reasonable satisfaction of Purchaser. If Seller does not notify Purchaser within such five (5) day period of Seller's agreement to cure such non-monetary Purchaser's Objections, Seller shall be deemed to have elected not to cure such non-monetary Purchaser's Objections, and Purchaser shall elect (1) to waive such non-monetary Purchaser's Objections without any abatement in the Purchase Price, (2) to terminate this Agreement in its entirety, in which case the Deposit shall be promptly returned to Purchaser and the parties hereto shall be released from all further obligations hereunder except those which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement. Seller shall not, after the date of this Agreement, subject the Real Property to or permit or suffer to exist any liens, encumbrances, covenants, conditions, restrictions, easements or other title matters or seek any zoning changes or take any other action which may affect or modify the status of title without Purchaser's prior written consent. All title matters revealed by the Title Commitments, UCC Reports and Surveys and not objected to by Purchaser as provided above (other than those rendering title defeasible and delinquent taxes, mortgages, deeds of trust, security agreements and other liens and charges that are to be paid at Closing as provided above) shall be deemed Permitted Title Exceptions. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Purchaser shall not be required to take title to the Real Property subject to any matters which may arise subsequent to the effective date of the Title Commitments, UCC Reports and Surveys examined by Purchaser during the Study Period. (e) The parties acknowledge that Purchaser is attempting to obtain "Hampton Inn," "Fairfield Inn," "Courtyard," and "Residence Inn" franchise agreements with respect to the applicable Property as of the Closing Date and in connection therewith, Purchaser agrees to initiate the application process with the Franchisors within ten (10) days after the ten (10) day waiting period in connection with Purchaser's receipt of the Uniform Franchise Offering Circular and application ("UFOC") from the Franchisors, which UFOC Purchaser agrees to request from such franchisors within ten (10) days after execution of this Agreement. ARTICLE III SELLER'S REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES To induce Purchaser to enter into this Agreement and to purchase the Property, and to pay the Purchase Price therefor, each Seller hereby makes the following representations and warranties with respect to the Property owned by such Seller, subject to the disclosures and exceptions made by Seller as set forth on Schedule 10 attached hereto, upon each of which Seller acknowledges and agrees that Purchaser is entitled to rely and has relied: 3.1 Organization and Power. Seller, as applicable, is a corporation, limited liability company or limited liability partnership, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of its formation or organization, is duly qualified to transact business in the State where its Property is located, and has all requisite powers and all governmental licenses, authorizations, consents and approvals to carry on its business as now conducted and to enter into and perform AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 15 its obligations hereunder and under any document or instrument required to be executed and delivered on behalf of Seller hereunder, except where the failure to qualify or to obtain licenses, authorizations, or consents does not have a material adverse effect on the ability of Seller to carry on its business as now conducted. 3.2 Authorization and Execution. This Agreement has been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of Seller, has been duly executed and delivered by Seller, constitutes the valid and binding agreement of Seller and is enforceable in accordance with its terms. In the event the consent of any person or entity is required in connection with the execution of this Agreement, or in the performance of Seller's performance of its obligations hereunder, Seller shall, prior to closing, obtain such persons and/or entities written consent to the same. As of the date of this Agreement, the Persons identified on Schedule 9 are required to consent to the transactions contemplated hereby. The person executing this Agreement on behalf of Seller has the authority to do so. 3.3 Non-contravention. The execution and delivery of, and the performance by Seller of its obligations under, this Agreement do not and will not contravene, or constitute a default under, any provision of applicable law or regulation known to Seller , Seller's Organizational Documents or any agreement, judgment, injunction, order, decree or other instrument binding upon Seller or to which its Property is subject, or result in the creation of any lien or other encumbrance on any asset of Seller. There are no outstanding agreements (written or oral) pursuant to which Seller or a representative of Seller (or to the best of Seller's knowledge, a predecessor to Seller) has agreed to sell or has granted an option or right of first refusal to purchase the Property or any part thereof or to which the Property is subject. 3.4 Title To Real Property. Seller is the sole owner of fee simple absolute title to the Real Property which it owns, subject to the Permitted Title Exceptions. 3.5 No Special Taxes. Seller has no knowledge of, nor has it received any notice of, any special taxes or assessments relating to its Property or any part thereof or any planned public improvements that may result in a special tax or assessment against such Property. 3.6 Compliance with Existing Laws. To Seller's knowledge, Seller possesses all Authorizations, each of which is valid and in full force and effect, and no provision, condition or limitation of any of the Authorizations has been breached or violated in any material respect. To Seller's knowledge, Schedule 1 attached hereto is a complete list of Authorizations. To Seller's knowledge, Seller has not misrepresented or failed to disclose any relevant fact in obtaining any Authorizations, and Seller has no knowledge of any change in the circumstances under which those Authorizations were obtained that result in their termination, suspension, modification or limitation. Seller has no knowledge, nor has it received notice within the past three (3) years, of any existing or threatened violation of any provision of any Applicable Laws including, but not limited to, those of environmental agencies or insurance boards of underwriters with respect to the ownership, operation, use, maintenance or condition of the Property or any part thereof, or requiring any repairs or alterations to the Property other than those that have been made prior to the date hereof. Seller has no knowledge, nor has it received notice within the past three (3) AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 16 years, of any existing or threatened violation of any restrictive covenants or deed restrictions affecting the Property. 3.7 Personal Property and Inventory. All of the Personal Property and Inventory being conveyed by Seller hereunder are free and clear of all liens and encumbrances except for those which will be discharged by Seller at Closing, and Seller has good and merchantable title thereto and the right to convey same in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. 3.8 Franchise Agreements/Management Agreements/Operating Agreements/Off-Site Facility Agreements. There are no management, service, supply or maintenance contracts in effect with respect to the Property other than the Franchise Agreements, Management Agreements, Operating Agreements or Off-Site Facility Agreements. Schedule 2 is a complete list of the Operating Agreements, and Schedule 5 is a complete list of the Off-Site Facility Agreements. To Seller's knowledge, Seller has performed all of its obligations under the Franchise Agreements, Management Agreements and each of the Operating Agreements and Off-Site Facility Agreements and to Seller's knowledge, no fact or circumstance has occurred which, by itself or with the passage of time or the giving of notice or both, would constitute a default under the Franchise Agreements, Management Agreements or any of the Operating Agreements or Off-Site Facility Agreements. To Seller's knowledge, all other parties to the Franchise Agreements, Management Agreements, Operating Agreements and Off-Site Facility Agreements have performed all of their obligations thereunder in all material respects, and are not in default thereunder in any material respect. Seller has received no notice of any intention by any of the parties to the Franchise Agreements, Management Agreements or any of the Operating Agreements or Off-Site Facility Agreements to cancel the same, nor has Seller canceled any of same. Seller has provided to Purchaser a true, correct and complete copy of each of the Franchise Agreements and Management Agreements. 3.9 Insurance. To Seller's knowledge, all of Seller's Insurance Policies are valid and in full force and effect and Seller has complied with all material requirements or recommendations of the insurance carriers of the Insurance Policies. 3.10 Condemnation Proceedings; Roadways. Seller has received no notice of any condemnation or eminent domain proceeding pending or threatened against the Property or any part thereof. Seller has no knowledge of any change or proposed change in the route, grade or width of, or otherwise affecting, any street, creek or road adjacent to or serving the Real Property. 3.11 Actions or Proceedings. There is no action, suit or proceeding pending or known to Seller to be threatened against or affecting Seller in any court, before any arbitrator or before or by any Governmental Authority which (a) in any manner raises any question affecting the validity or enforceability of this Agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which Seller is a party or by which it is bound and that is or is to be used in connection with, or is contemplated by, this Agreement, (b) could materially and adversely affect the business, financial position or results of operations of Seller or the Property, (c) could materially and adversely affect the ability of Seller to perform its obligations hereunder, or under any document to be delivered pursuant hereto, (d) could create a lien on the Property, any part any AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 17 interest therein, (e) concerns any past or present employee of Seller or its managing agent or (f) could otherwise adversely affect the Property, any part thereof or any interest therein or the use, operation, condition or occupancy thereof. 3.12 Labor and Employment Matters. To Seller's knowledge, neither Seller nor its management company is a party to any oral or written employment contracts or agreements with respect to the Property other than the Employment Agreements. Schedule 3 is a complete list of the Employment Agreements. To Seller's knowledge, no party is in default under any Employment Agreement. To Seller's knowledge, there are no labor disputes or organizing activities pending or threatened as to the operation or maintenance of the Property or any part thereof. Neither Seller nor its management company is a party to any union or other collective bargaining agreement with employees employed in connection with the ownership, operation or maintenance of the Property, except for those described on Schedule 3. To Seller's knowledge, the Property has been operated in such a way as to materially comply with all applicable labor and employment laws, including, but not limited to, laws related to equal employment, plant closings, employment taxes and withholding requirements. 3.13 Financial Information and Submission Matters. To Seller's knowledge, all of Seller's financial information, including, without limitation, all books and records and financial statements ("Financial Information") is correct and complete in all material respects and presents accurately the results of the operations of the Property for the periods indicated. Since the date of the last financial statement included in Seller's Financial Information, there has been no material adverse change in the financial condition or in the operations of the Property. Unless assumed by the Purchaser, or Purchaser's lessee or management company, neither Purchaser nor Purchaser's lessee or its management company shall have any liability under any pension, profit sharing or welfare benefit plan that Seller, its management company or any Affiliated Company may have established with respect to the Property or their or its employees. To Seller's knowledge, all such pension, profit sharing and welfare benefit plans have been fully funded and administered in accordance with Applicable Laws and regulations. 3.14 Bankruptcy. No Act of Bankruptcy has occurred with respect to Seller. 3.15 Historical Districts. Neither the Property, nor any portion thereof, is (a) listed, or eligible to be listed, in any national, state or local register of historic places or areas, or (b) located within any designated district or area in which the permitted uses of land located therein are restricted by regulations, rules or laws other than those specified under local generally applicable zoning ordinances. 3.16 Hazardous Substances. To Seller's knowledge, neither Seller nor any previous owner, tenant, occupant or user of the Property, nor any other person, has engaged in or permitted any operations or activities upon, or any use or occupancy of the Property or any portion thereof, for the purpose of or in any way involving the handling, manufacture, treatment, storage, use, generation, release, discharge, refining, dumping or disposal of any Hazardous Materials on, under, in or about the Property in violation of any Applicable Laws. To Seller's knowledge, no Hazardous Materials have migrated from or to the Property upon, about, or beneath other properties in violation of any Environmental Requirements. To Seller's AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 18 knowledge, neither the Property nor its existing or prior uses fail or failed to materially comply with Environmental Requirements. Seller has no knowledge of any permits, licenses or other authorizations which are required under any Environmental Requirements with regard to the current uses of the Property which have not been obtained and complied with. To Seller's knowledge, neither Seller nor any prior owner, occupant or user of the Property has received any written notice concerning any alleged violation of Environmental Requirements in connection with the Property or any liability for Environmental Damages in connection with the Property for which Seller (or Purchaser after Closing) may be liable. To Seller's knowledge, no Hazardous Materials are constructed, deposited, stored or otherwise located on, under, in or about the Property in violation of any Environmental Requirements. To Seller's knowledge, there exists no writ, injunction, decree, order or judgment outstanding, nor any lawsuit, claim, proceeding, citation, summons or investigation, pending or threatened, relating to any alleged violation of Environmental Requirements on the Property, or from the suspected presence of Hazardous Materials thereon, or relating to any Environmental Damages. To Seller's knowledge, no underground or above ground chemical treatment or storage tanks, or gas or oil wells are located on the Property. 3.17 Sales, Use and Occupancy Taxes. All sales, use and occupancy taxes due and owing with respect to the Property have been paid or will be paid by Seller within forty-five (45) days after Closing. 3.18 Personal Property Taxes. All ad valorem personal property taxes due and owing with respect to the Property have been paid. 3.19 Occupancy Agreements. There are no leases, concessions or occupancy agreements in effect with respect to the Real Property other than the Occupancy Agreements. A complete list of the Occupancy Agreements is attached hereto as Schedule 4. Except as specifically provided in the Occupancy Agreements, no tenant or concessionaire is entitled to any rebates, allowances, free rent or rent abatement for any period after the Closing of the transaction contemplated hereby. Seller has received no notice of any intention by any of the parties to any of the Occupancy Agreements to cancel the same, nor has Seller canceled any of same. To the extent that any of the Occupancy Agreements call for security, such security remains on deposit with Seller, and has not been applied towards any payment due under said Occupancy Agreements. Seller has not received any advance rent or advance compensation under any of said Occupancy Agreements in excess of one month. No brokerage commissions or compensation of any kind shall be due in connection with the Occupancy Agreements, and the rents or revenues to be derived therefrom. To Seller's knowledge, no party is in default under any Occupancy Agreement. To Seller's knowledge, Seller has performed all obligations required of it under all of the Occupancy Agreements and there remain no unfulfilled obligations of Seller under the Occupancy Agreements. To Seller's knowledge, no tenant has given notice to Seller of its intention to institute litigation with respect to any Occupancy Agreement. 3.20 Utilities. To Seller's knowledge, all Utilities required for the operation of the Property either enter the Property through adjoining streets, or they pass through adjoining land, do so in accordance with valid public easements or irrevocable private easements, and all of said AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 19 Utilities are installed and operating and all installation and connection charges therefor have been paid in full. 3.21 Curb Cuts. To Seller's knowledge, all curb cut street opening permits or licenses required for vehicular access to and from the Property from any adjoining public street have been obtained and paid for and are in full force and effect. 3.22 Leased Property. To Seller's knowledge, all leases of the Leased Property are in good standing and free from default. 3.23 Advance Bookings. To Seller's knowledge, the Advance Bookings are true and correct in all material respects. 3.24 Americans With Disabilities Act. To Seller's knowledge, the Property is in compliance with the Americans With Disabilities Act. 3.25 Structural Condition. To Seller's knowledge, there is no latent material defect in the Improvements or structural elements thereof, mechanical systems (including, without limitation, all heating, ventilating, air conditioning, plumbing, electrical, utility and sprinkler systems) therein, the utility system servicing the Property and the roofs. 3.26 Zoning and Platting. To Seller's knowledge, the present zoning of the Property permits the current use thereof without special variances. Seller has no knowledge of any fact, proceeding or threatened action or proceeding which could result in a modification or termination of the present zoning of the Property. To Seller's knowledge, each Property is properly platted as a separate lot under Applicable Laws and constitute separate tax lots. 3.27 Access. Seller has no knowledge of any pending or threatened governmental proceeding or any other fact or condition which would limit or result in the termination of the Property's existing access to and from public streets or roads. 3.28 No Commitments. No commitments have been made by Seller to any Governmental Authority, utility company, school board, church or other religious body, or any homeowners' association or any other organization, group or individual, relating to the Property which would impose an obligation upon Purchaser to make any contribution or dedication of money or land or to construct, install or maintain any improvements of a public or private nature on or off the Property. 3.29 Seller Is Not a "Foreign Person". Seller is not a "foreign person" within the meaning of Section 1445 of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended (i.e., Seller is not a foreign corporation, foreign partnership, foreign trust, foreign estate or foreign person as those terms are defined in the Internal Revenue Code and regulations promulgated thereunder). 3.30 No Other Property Interests. There are no property interests, buildings, structures or other improvements or personal property that are owned by Seller which are necessary for the operation of the Hotels that are not being conveyed pursuant to this Agreement. AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 20 Except as set forth in this Article III and except as to the specific representation and warranty set forth in the last paragraph of Section 2.4(b) with respect to the Submission Matters or contained in any Closing Document, Seller makes no other representations or warranties, express or implied of any kind. Each of the representations and warranties contained in this Article III and its various subparagraphs and in Section 2.4(b) with respect to the Submission Matters are intended for the benefit of Purchaser and may be waived in whole or in part, by Purchaser, but only by an instrument in writing signed by Purchaser. All rights and remedies arising in connection with the untruth or inaccuracy of any such representations and warranties shall survive the Closing of the transaction contemplated hereby except to the extent that Seller gives Purchaser written notice prior to Closing of the untruth or inaccuracy of any representation or warranty, or Purchaser otherwise obtains actual knowledge prior to Closing of the untruth or inaccuracy of any representation or warranty, and Purchaser nevertheless elects to close this transaction. Any such written notice from Seller to Purchaser shall state in the first paragraph thereof and in all capitalized letters that "THIS NOTICE IS GIVEN PURSUANT TO THE AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE MADE AS OF MAY __, 2004, AND RELATES TO THE UNTRUTH OR INACCURACY OF SELLER'S REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES." Purchaser shall be deemed to have actual knowledge of the untruth or inaccuracy of any representation or warranty only if (i) Purchaser receives written notice from Seller satisfying the foregoing requirements, or (ii) David A. Brooks has actual knowledge of any such untruth or inaccuracy. Except to the extent otherwise expressly provided in the immediately preceding sentence, no investigation, audit, inspection, review or the like conducted by or on behalf of Purchaser shall be deemed to terminate the effect of any such representations, warranties and covenants, it being understood that Purchaser has the right to rely thereon and that each such representation and warranty constitutes a material inducement to Purchaser to execute this Agreement and to close the transaction contemplated hereby and to pay the Purchase Price to Seller. Notwithstanding anything herein contained to the contrary, Seller's representations and warranties in this Article III and in the last paragraph of Section 2.4(b) with respect to the Submission Matters shall survive the Closing Date for a period of one (1) year thereafter, provided that the party claiming a breach within said one (1) year period notifies the other party in writing of any damage, claim, loss, liability or expense which the Purchaser has determined has given or could give rise to a claim under Section 9.2 hereof, and such notice contains a description of the nature and amount (actual or estimated) of any such claim, together with a statement as to the basis for Seller's liability. A party's liability under this Agreement for specific breach of any representation or warranty identified in such notice shall continue beyond the survival period. As of the date of execution of this Agreement, the term "to Seller's knowledge" or similar phrase shall mean the knowledge of one or more of the following individuals: John Dunn or Bob Jobes. Following the date of execution and continuing until the Closing Date, the term "to Seller's knowledge" or similar phrase shall mean the knowledge of one or more of the following individuals: John Dunn or Bob Jobes, following a commercially reasonable inquiry of Seller's own personnel involved in the operation, ownership, maintenance and management of the Property and of its current manager for the Property, and such inquiry shall include the direction AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 21 to its personnel and manager to review all files in their possession relating to the operation, ownership, maintenance and management of the Property. ARTICLE IV PURCHASER'S REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES To induce Seller to enter into this Agreement and to sell the Property, Purchaser hereby makes the following representations and warranties, upon each of which Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that Seller is entitled to rely and has relied: 4.1 Organization and Power. Purchaser is a limited partnership duly formed, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, and has all partnership power and all governmental licenses, authorizations, consents and approvals required to carry on its business as now conducted and to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement and any document or instrument required to be executed and delivered on behalf of Purchaser hereunder. 4.2 Authorization and Execution. This Agreement has been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of Purchaser, has been duly executed and delivered by Purchaser, constitutes the valid and binding agreement of Purchaser and is enforceable in accordance with its terms. The person executing this Agreement on behalf of Purchaser has the authority to do so. 4.3 Non-contravention. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the performance by Purchaser of its obligations hereunder do not and will not contravene, or constitute a default under, any provisions of applicable law or regulation, or any agreement, judgment, injunction, order, decree or other instrument binding upon Purchaser or result in the creation of any lien or other encumbrance on any asset of Purchaser. 4.4 Litigation. There is no action, suit or proceeding, pending or known to be threatened, against or affecting Purchaser in any court or before any arbitrator or before any Governmental Authority which (a) in any manner raises any question affecting the validity or enforceability of this Agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which Purchaser is a party or by which it is bound and that is to be used in connection with, or is contemplated by, this Agreement, (b) could materially and adversely affect the business, financial position or results of operations of Purchaser, and (c) could materially and adversely affect the ability of Purchaser to perform its obligations hereunder, or under any document to be delivered pursuant hereto. 4.5 Bankruptcy. No Act of Bankruptcy has occurred with respect to Purchaser. ARTICLE V CONDITIONS PRECEDENT 5.1 As to Purchaser's Obligations. Purchaser's obligations hereunder are subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions precedent: AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 22 (a) Seller's Deliveries. Seller shall have delivered to or for the benefit of Purchaser, on or before the Closing Date, all of the documents and other information required of Seller pursuant to Sections 7.2 and 7.4 hereof, unless, as set forth therein, such matters have previously been provided or made available to Purchaser for copying during the Study Period (if originals are not in the possession or control of Seller). (b) Representations, Warranties and Covenants; Obligations of Seller; Certificate. All of Seller's representations and warranties made in this Agreement shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the date hereof and as of the date of Closing as if then made; there shall have been no material adverse change in the business conducted at a Property or the financial results thereof from the date of acceptance of this Agreement and no matter, condition or event shall have occurred which could materially and adversely affect the operation, value or marketability of a Property or any part thereof; Seller shall have performed in all material respects all of its covenants and other obligations under this Agreement and Seller shall have executed and delivered to Purchaser at Closing a certificate to the foregoing effect. (c) Title Insurance. Good and marketable fee simple title to the Real Property shall be insurable as such by the Title Company subject only to Permitted Title Exceptions as determined in accordance with Section 2.4 hereof and including, without limitation, all applicable deletions of standard exceptions and endorsements permitted under applicable state law which are customarily required by institutional investors purchasing property comparable to the Property. (d) Surveys. The Surveys shall be adequate for the Title Company to delete any exception for general survey matters in the Owner's Title Policy except for "shortages in area". (e) Title to Property. Seller shall be the sole owner of good and marketable fee simple title to the Real Property and good and marketable fee simple title to the Tangible Personal Property, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, restrictions, conditions and agreements except for Permitted Title Exceptions. Seller shall not have taken any action or permitted or suffered any action to be taken by others from the date hereof and through and including the date of Closing that would adversely affect the status of title to the Real Property and Tangible Personal Property. (f) Condition of Improvements. The Improvements and the Tangible Personal Property (including but not limited to the mechanical systems, plumbing, electrical, wiring, appliances, fixtures, heating, air conditioning and ventilating equipment, elevators, boilers, equipment, roofs, structural members and furnaces) shall be in the same condition at Closing as they are as of the date hereof, reasonable wear and tear excepted. Prior to Closing, Seller shall not have diminished the quality or quantity of maintenance and upkeep services heretofore provided to the Real Property and the Tangible Personal Property (except in the ordinary course of business and consistent with Seller's past practices) and, except in the ordinary course of business as consistent with Seller's past practices, Seller shall not have diminished the Inventory at each Hotel without replacing same as necessary to continue Seller's business at such Hotels. Seller shall not have removed or caused or permitted to be removed any AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 23 part or portion of the Real Property or the Tangible Personal Property without Purchaser's prior written consent unless the same is replaced, prior to Closing, with a similar item of at least equal suitability, quality and value, free and clear of any lien or security interest. (g) Liquor License. All liquor licenses, alcoholic beverage licenses and other permits and Authorizations necessary to operate the restaurants, bars and lounges presently located in the Hotels shall be in full force and effect. To that end, Seller and Purchaser shall have cooperated with each other, and each shall have executed such transfer forms, license applications and other documents as may be necessary to effect the continued operation of the restaurants, bars and lounges at the Hotels from and after Closing as set forth in Section 6.9 hereof. (h) Taxes. Seller shall use its best efforts to provide to Purchaser written evidence from the appropriate taxing authorities of the payment of all sales, gross receipts, hotel occupancy and other similar taxes in connection with the operation of the Hotels before Closing. In the event for any Hotel, Seller is unable or unwilling to obtain such clearance certificates prior to Closing, Purchaser shall cause John Dunn to deliver to Purchaser a guaranty in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Purchaser on or before Closing (the "Guaranty"). Notwithstanding the foregoing, Seller shall indemnify Purchaser for the amount by which the full amount of all such sales, gross receipts, hotel occupancy and other similar taxes in connection with the operation of the Hotels before Closing exceeds the amount so withheld by Purchaser. The provisions of this Section 5.1(h) shall survive the Closing. (i) Estoppels for Off-Site Facility Agreements. On or before the Closing Date, Seller shall provide Purchaser with a fully executed estoppel certificate related to each of the Off-Site Facility Agreements, if any, (the "Off-Site Facility Estoppel"). The Off-Site Facility Estoppel must be in a form reasonably satisfactory to Purchaser. To that end, Purchaser shall provide Seller with a recommended form of Off-Site Facility Estoppel within fifteen (15) days after the delivery of the Surveys and Title Commitments to Purchaser. (j) Third-Party Consents. On or before the Closing Date, Seller shall furnish Purchaser, in form and content reasonably satisfactory to Purchaser, with any and all third party consents (the "Third Party Consents"), which are necessary to consummate the transaction contemplated in this Agreement. (k) Tenant Estoppels. On or before the Closing Date, Seller shall provide Purchaser with fully executed estoppel certificates ("Major Tenant Estoppels") from one-hundred percent (100%) of the tenants occupying over 2,000 square feet of the Hotels ("Major Tenants"), and shall provide Purchaser with fully executed estoppel certificates from at least seventy-five percent (75%) of the tenants occupying less than 2,000 square feet of the Hotels (the Major Tenant Estoppels and all other tenant estoppels provided for in this paragraph are sometimes referred to collectively as the "Tenant Estoppels"). The Tenant Estoppels shall be in a form reasonably satisfactory to Purchaser. To that end, Purchaser shall provide Seller with a recommended form of Tenant Estoppel within fifteen (15) days after the delivery of the Surveys and Title Commitments to Purchaser. In the event Seller fails to procure the appropriate percentage of fully executed Tenant Estoppels, Purchaser may, at its election, (i) terminate this AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 24 Agreement, in which case the Deposit shall be promptly returned to Purchaser, and all rights and obligations of Seller and Purchaser hereunder (except those which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement) shall terminate immediately or (ii) Purchaser may proceed to Closing and Seller shall, with respect to the undelivered Tenant Estoppels, execute and deliver to Purchaser estoppels conforming to the requirements of the Tenant Estoppels. As of the date of this Agreement, there are no Major Tenants at the Hotels. (l) No Code Violations. There shall be no material violations of Applicable Laws. (m) Management Agreements. Seller agrees that Purchaser shall have the right on or before expiration of the Study Period to either (a) elect that Manager operate the Property for a period of three (3) years to expire on the third anniversary date of Closing subject to a new management agreement in form and substance acceptable to Purchaser and Manager (the "New Management Agreement") to be negotiated and finalized prior to the expiration of the Study Period (the "Management Election"), or (b) to elect that Purchaser engage its own manager to operate the Property. Seller and Purchaser agree that in any event, the Management Agreements shall be terminated on or before Closing. (n) Franchise Agreements. Purchaser shall have received, in a form reasonably acceptable to Purchaser, a consent from each Franchisor under each of the Franchise Agreements consenting to the assignment and assumption of the Franchise Agreements, together with an estoppel certificate wherein each Franchisor represents that a true, correct and complete copy of the Franchise Agreements have been provided to Purchaser and that there are no events of default under said Franchise Agreements, or any event which, after the passage of time or the giving of notice, or both, would constitute an event of default thereunder. Each of the conditions contained in this Section are intended for the benefit of Purchaser and may be waived in whole or in part, by Purchaser, but only by an instrument in writing signed by Purchaser. 5.2 As to Seller's Obligations. Seller's obligations hereunder are subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions precedent: (a) Purchaser's Deliveries. Purchaser shall have delivered to or for the benefit of Seller, on or before the Closing Date, all of the documents and payments required of Purchaser pursuant to Sections 7.3 and 7.4 hereof. (b) Representations, Warranties and Covenants; Obligations of Purchaser. All of Purchaser's representations and warranties made in this Agreement shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the date hereof and as of the date of Closing as if then made and Purchaser shall have performed in all material respects all of its covenants and other obligations under this Agreement. Each of the conditions contained in this Section are intended for the benefit of Seller and may be waived in whole or in part, by Seller, but only by an instrument in writing signed by Seller. AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 25 ARTICLE VI COVENANTS OF SELLER To induce Purchaser to enter into this Agreement and to purchase the Property, and to pay the Purchase Price therefor, each Seller covenants and agrees to the following with respect to the Property owned by such Seller: 6.1 Operating Agreements/Off-Site Facility Agreements. All Operating Agreements or Off-Site Facility Agreements are terminable upon either 15 days or 30 days notice. Seller shall not enter into any new management agreement, maintenance or repair contract, supply contract, lease in which it is lessee or other agreements with respect to the Property, nor shall Seller enter into any agreements modifying the Operating Agreements or Off-Site Facility Agreements, unless (a) any such agreement or modification will not bind Purchaser or the Property after the date of Closing or is subject to termination on not more than thirty (30) days' notice without penalty, or (b) Seller has obtained Purchaser's prior written consent to such agreement or modification. Seller agrees to cancel and terminate on the Closing Date any Operating Agreements or Off-Site Facility Agreements unless Purchaser requests in writing prior to the expiration of the Study Period that one or more remain in effect after Closing. Purchaser shall be responsible for the term of any Operating Agreement or Off-Site Facility Agreement continuing after Closing. 6.2 Warranties and Guaranties. Seller shall not before or after Closing release or modify any Warranties and Guaranties, if any, except with the prior written consent of Purchaser. 6.3 Insurance. Seller shall pay all premiums on, and shall not cancel or voluntarily allow to expire, any of Seller's Insurance Policies unless such policy is replaced, without any lapse of coverage, by another policy or policies providing coverage at least as extensive as the policy or policies being replaced. 6.4 Independent Audit. Promptly following the execution of this Agreement and prior to Closing, Seller shall make available and shall cause its management company to make available to Purchaser's representatives and independent accounting firm at the Seller's principal place of business (or shall deliver to Purchaser, at Purchaser's cost and expense if so requested by Purchaser) financial and other information relating to the Property in the possession of or otherwise available to Seller, its affiliates or Seller's management company which would be sufficient to enable Purchaser's representatives and independent accounting firm to prepare audited financial statements for the three (3) calendar years prior to the Closing and during the year in which the Closing occurs in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to enable them to prepare such statements, reports or disclosures as Purchaser may deem necessary or advisable. Seller shall also provide and/or shall cause its management company to make reasonable efforts to provide to Purchaser's independent accounting firm a signed representation letter which would be sufficient to enable an independent public accountant to render an opinion on the financial statements related to the Property. Seller shall authorize and shall cause its management company to authorize any attorneys who have represented Seller or its management company in material litigation pertaining to or affecting the Property to respond, AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 26 at Purchaser's expense, to inquiries from Purchaser's representatives and independent accounting firm. If and to the extent Seller's financial statements pertaining to the Property for any periods during the three (3) calendar years prior to the Closing and during the year in which the Closing occurs have been audited, promptly after the execution of this Agreement Seller shall provide Purchaser with copies of such audited financial statements and shall cooperate with Purchaser's representatives and independent public accountants to enable them to contact the auditors who prepared such audited financial statements and to obtain, at Purchaser's expense, a reissuance of such audited financial statements. 6.5 Operation of Property Prior to Closing. Seller covenants and agrees with Purchaser that, between the date of this Agreement and the date of Closing: (a) Subject to the restrictions contained herein, Seller shall operate the Property in the same manner in which Seller operated the Property prior to the execution of this Agreement, so as to keep the Property in good condition, reasonable wear and tear excepted, so as to maintain consistent inventory levels, so as to maintain the existing caliber of the Hotels operations conducted at the Property, and so as to maintain the reasonable good will of all tenants of the Property and all employees, guests and other customers of the Hotels. (b) Seller shall maintain its books of account and records in the usual, regular and ordinary manner, in accordance with sound accounting principles applied on a basis consistent with the basis used in keeping its books in prior years. (c) Seller shall maintain in full force and effect all Insurance Policies. (d) Seller shall maintain in full force and effect, and not cause or permit a default under (with or without the giving of any required notice and/or lapse of time), the Franchise Agreements and/or the Management Agreements. (e) Seller shall use and operate the Property in material compliance with Applicable Laws and the requirements of the Franchise Agreements, the Management Agreements, any mortgage, and any lease, Occupancy Agreement, Operating Agreement and Insurance Policy affecting the Property. (f) Seller shall cause to be paid prior to delinquency all ad valorem, occupancy and sales taxes due and payable with respect to the Property or the operation of the Hotels. (g) Except as otherwise permitted hereby, Seller shall not take any action or fail to take action the result of which would have a material adverse effect on the Property or Purchaser's ability to continue the operation thereof after the date of Closing in substantially the same manner as presently conducted, or which would cause any of the representations and warranties contained in Article III hereof to be untrue as of Closing in any material respect. (h) Except in the ordinary course of Seller's business as consistent with Seller's past practices, Seller shall not enter into new Occupancy Agreements of any kind or nature affecting the Property without the express written consent of Purchaser. Except in the AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 27 ordinary course of Seller's business as consistent with Seller's past practices, Seller shall not, without the express written consent of Purchaser, in any manner change, modify, extend, renew or terminate any Occupancy Agreement except as required by the terms thereof. Copies of any new Occupancy Agreement or modifications, renewals, extensions or terminations shall be promptly delivered to Purchaser. Seller shall not apply all or any part of the security or damage deposit of a tenant under any Occupancy Agreement to obligations of such tenant unless such tenant has vacated its portion of the Property as of the Closing Date. (i) Seller shall not fail to maintain the Improvements and the Tangible Personal Property (including, but not limited to, the mechanical systems, plumbing, electrical, wiring, appliances, fixtures, heating, air conditioning and ventilating equipment, elevators, boilers, equipment, roofs, structural members and furnaces) in the same condition as they are as of the date hereof, reasonable wear and tear excepted. (j) Seller shall not diminish the quality or quantity of maintenance and upkeep services heretofore provided to the Real Property and the Tangible Personal Property and Seller shall not permit the Inventory to be diminished other than as a result of the ordinary and necessary operation of the Hotels by Seller. (k) Seller shall not remove or cause or permit to be removed any part or portion of the Real Property or the Tangible Personal Property without the express written consent of Purchaser unless the same is replaced, prior to Closing, with similar items of at least equal suitability, quality and value, free and clear of any liens or security interests. (l) Seller and Seller's managing agent shall continue to use its best efforts to take guest room reservations and to book functions and meetings and otherwise to promote the business of the Property in generally the same manner as Seller did prior to the execution of this Agreement; and all advance room bookings and reservations and all meetings and function bookings shall be booked at rates, prices and charges heretofore customarily charged by Seller for such purposes, and in accordance with Seller's published rate schedules. Seller acknowledges that the Purchase Price includes the transfer of Advance Bookings. (m) Neither Seller nor Seller's managing agent shall (1) make any agreements which shall be binding upon Purchaser with respect to the Property or that otherwise cannot be terminated without penalty upon thirty (30) days notice, or (2) materially reduce or cause to be reduced any room rents or any other charges over which Seller has operational control. (n) Seller shall promptly deliver to Purchaser upon Purchaser's request such reports showing the revenue and expenses of the Hotels and all departments thereof, together with such periodic information with respect to room reservations and other bookings, as Seller customarily keeps or receives internally for its own use. (o) Seller or Seller's managing agent (1) shall not enter into any new Employment Agreements which would be binding on Purchaser with respect to the Property without the express written consent of Purchaser, and (2) shall not change, modify, extend, renew or terminate any Employment Agreement in effect as of the date hereof which would be AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 28 binding on Purchaser with respect to the Property without the express written consent of Purchaser. (p) Except as required by the terms thereof or hereof, Seller shall not in any material manner change, modify, extend, renew or terminate any Operating Agreement which would be binding on Purchaser with respect to the Property without the express written consent of Purchaser, and any such change shall be promptly copied to Purchaser. (q) Seller shall promptly advise Purchaser of any litigation, arbitration or administrative hearing concerning or affecting the Property of which Seller obtains actual knowledge. (r) Seller shall not modify or release any warranties or guaranties applicable to the Property. (s) Seller shall not grant any encumbrances on the Property or contract for any construction or service for the Property which may impose any mechanics' or materialmen's lien on the Property, except in the ordinary course of business as consistent with Seller's past practices and except as removed and/or cleared or paid prior to Closing. 6.6 No Marketing. Seller shall not market the Property for sale or enter into discussions or negotiations with potential purchasers of the Property upon expiration of the Study Period. 6.7 Employees and Continuation of Seller's Group Health Plans. Payment of all costs and expenses associated with accrued but unpaid salary, earned but unpaid vacation pay, accrued but unearned vacation pay, pension and welfare benefits, the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985, as amended ("COBRA") benefits, employee fringe benefits, employee termination payments or any other employee benefits due to Seller's, or Seller's management company's employees up to the Closing Date shall be the sole responsibility and obligation of and shall be paid promptly by Seller or Seller's management company. Seller shall indemnify and defend Purchaser and/or its lessee or management company, from and against any and all claims, causes of action, proceedings, judgments, damages, penalties and liabilities made, assessed or rendered against Purchaser and/or its lessee or management company and any costs and expenses (including attorneys' fees and disbursements) incurred by Purchaser and/or its lessee or management company with respect to claims, causes of action, judgments, damages, penalties and liabilities asserted by such employees arising out of the failure of Seller or its management company to comply with the provisions of this Subsection 6.9. 6.8 Rights of First Refusal and Options. Seller shall provide Purchaser with reasonably satisfactory evidence of the waiver of any and all rights of first refusal or options related to the Property that may have been granted to any party 6.9 Liquor License. Upon Closing, Seller shall transfer to Purchaser or its designee, or cause to be transferred to Purchaser or its designee, all liquor licenses and alcoholic beverage licenses necessary to operate the restaurant, bars and lounges presently located within each AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 29 Hotel. To that end, Seller and Purchaser shall cooperate each with the other, and each shall execute such transfer forms, license applications and other documents as may be necessary to effect such transfer. If permitted under the laws of the jurisdiction in which each Hotel is located, the parties shall execute and file all necessary transfer forms, applications and papers with the appropriate liquor and alcoholic beverage authorities prior to Closing, to the end that the transfer shall take effect, if possible, on the Closing Date, simultaneously with Closing. If not so permitted, then the parties agree each with the other that they will promptly execute all transfer forms, applications and other documents required by the appropriate liquor and alcoholic beverage authorities in order to effect such transfer at the earliest date in time possible consistent with the laws of the State where the Property is located, in order that all liquor licenses may be transferred from Seller to Purchaser or its designee at the earliest possible time. If under the laws of the State where the Property is located, such licenses cannot be transferred until after the Closing of the transaction contemplated hereby, then Seller covenants and agrees that Seller shall cooperate with Purchaser in keeping open the bars and lounges and liquor facilities of the Hotels between the Closing Date and the time when such liquor license transfers actually become effective, by exercising management and supervision of such facilities until such time under Seller's licenses pursuant to a written agreement in form and substance substantially as attached hereto as Exhibit H (the "Alcoholic Beverage Management Agreement"); provided, however, that Purchaser, at Purchaser's cost and expense, shall maintain in force and effect at all times insurance reasonably acceptable to Seller (with Seller as an additional named insured) and shall indemnify and hold Seller harmless from any liability, damages or claims encountered in connection with such operations during said period of time, except for Seller's gross negligence or willful misconduct. All cost and expense of such operations during said period of time shall be the sole responsibility of and be promptly paid by Purchaser. All costs and expenses of obtaining the transfer of existing and/or the issuance of new licenses and permits hereunder shall be the sole responsibility of Purchaser (except for any legal fees and expenses incurred by Purchaser in connection with the Alcoholic Beverage Management Agreement, if applicable). Purchaser covenants and agrees that upon the filing of all necessary transfer forms, applications and other documents with the appropriate liquor and alcoholic beverage authorities, Purchaser will diligently and in good faith prosecute the transfer of the liquor licenses to completion. ARTICLE VII CLOSING 7.1 Closing. The Closing shall occur on a business day designated by Purchaser, with at least five (5) days notice to Seller (which such day shall be no later than thirty (30) days following the expiration of the Study Period). As more particularly described below, at the Closing the parties hereto will meet to (i) execute all of the documents required to be delivered in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby (the "Closing Documents"), (ii) deliver the same to Escrow Agent, and (iii) take all other action required to be taken in respect of the transactions contemplated hereby. The Closing will occur either through escrow or at the offices of Andrews Kurth LLP, 1717 Main Street, Suite 3700, Dallas, Texas 75201. At the Closing, Purchaser shall deliver the balance of the Purchase Price to Escrow Agent, Escrow Agent shall update the title to the Property and, provided there has been no change in the status of title as reflected in the Title Commitments and the Surveys, Escrow Agent shall record the Deeds, release and date, where appropriate, the Closing Documents in accordance with the instructions AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 30 of Seller and Purchaser and shall send, by wire transfer or otherwise, all sums owing to Seller hereunder to Seller. As provided herein, the parties hereto will agree upon adjustments and prorations to certain items which cannot be exactly determined at the Closing and will make the appropriate adjustments with respect thereto. Possession of the Property shall be delivered to Purchaser at the Closing, subject only to Permitted Title Exceptions and the rights of tenants under the Occupancy Agreements and guests in possession. 7.2 Seller's Deliveries. At the Closing, each Seller shall deliver to Escrow Agent originals of all of the following instruments for the Property owned by such Seller (unless previously provided or made available to Purchaser for copying during the Study Period and originals are not in the possession or within the control of Seller), each of which shall have been duly executed and, where applicable, acknowledged and/or sworn on behalf of such Seller and shall be dated as of the Closing Date: (a) The certificate required by Section 5.1(b) hereof. (b) The Deeds, each in the form attached hereto as Exhibit F. (c) Intentionally Deleted. (d) The Bill of Sale, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit E. (e) The Assignment of Occupancy Agreements, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit G. (f) The Assignment and Assumption Agreement, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D. (g) Off-Site Facility Estoppels, Tenant Estoppels (Seller's estoppel, if necessary) and All Third Party Consents. (h) Certificates from the applicable State taxing authority and local taxing authorities stating that all occupancy, sales and ad valorem real and personal property taxes due and payable for the Property have been paid and, if any such taxes have not been paid, the amount due and payable as of the Closing Date, and if such certificates are not delivered at Closing, the Guaranty. (i) Certificate(s)/Registration of Title for any vehicle owned by Seller and used in connection with the Property. (j) Such agreements, affidavits or other documents as may be required by the Title Company to issue the Owner's Title Policy subject only to the Permitted Title Exceptions and to eliminate such standard exceptions and to issue such endorsements thereto which may be eliminated and issued under applicable State law and which are customarily required by institutional investors purchasing property comparable to the Property. (k) The FIRPTA Certificate. AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 31 (l) All original Warranties and Guaranties in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller. (m) Copies of Seller's Organizational Documents. (n) Appropriate resolutions of the partners, members or officers of Seller, together with all other necessary approvals and consents of Seller and such documentary and other evidence as may be reasonably required by Purchaser or Escrow Agent, authorizing and evidencing the authorization of (i) the execution on behalf of Seller of this Agreement and the authority of the person or persons who are executing the various documents to be executed and delivered by Seller prior to, at or otherwise in connection with the Closing, and (ii) the performance by Seller of its obligations hereunder and under such documents. (o) A valid, final and unconditional certificate of occupancy for each Real Property and Improvements, issued by the appropriate Governmental Authority. (p) If Purchaser is assuming Seller's obligations under any or all of the Operating Agreements or Off-Site Facility Agreements, to the extent in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller, the originals of such agreements, duly assigned to Purchaser and with such assignment acknowledged and approved by the other parties to such Operating Agreements or Off-Site Facility Agreements to the extent required by such Operating Agreements or Off-Site Facility Agreements. (q) An assignment of each of the leases of the Leased Property to Purchaser and/or its property manager, lessee or other designee (as Purchaser shall specify), together with (1) the written consent of the lessors of such leases to such assignment, if required by such leases, and (2) executed originals of all such leases in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller. If any Leased Property is leased pursuant to a lease which is a capital lease, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, Seller shall cancel such capital lease at its expense and convey good and marketable title to such property (which shall constitute Tangible Personal Property hereunder) to Purchaser and/or its property manager, lessee or other designee (as Purchaser shall specify) free from any lien or encumbrance pursuant to the Bill of Sale - Personal Property. (r) Such proof as Purchaser may reasonably require with respect to Seller's compliance with the bulk sales laws or similar statutes, if applicable. (s) Copies of all existing Insurance Policies. (t) To the extent in Seller's possession or reasonably available to Seller, originals of the following items (copies of which were delivered by Seller to Purchaser with the Submission Matters): (1) complete sets of all architectural, mechanical, structural and/or electrical plans and specifications used in connection with the construction of or alterations or repairs to the Property; and (2) as-built plans and specifications for the Property. (u) A written instrument executed by Seller, conveying and transferring to Purchaser all of Seller's right, title and interest in any telephone numbers and TWX numbers AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 32 relating to the Property, and, if Seller maintains a post office box, conveying to Purchaser all of its interest in and to such post office box and the number associated therewith, so as to assure a continuity in operation and communication. (v) Duplicate originals of all agreements, leases, concession agreements and other instruments affecting the Property and the Hotels and/or restaurant business conducted thereon. (w) All current real estate and personal property tax bills in Seller's possession or under its control. (x) An Affidavit from the chief executive officer of Seller or Seller's management company, setting forth the date to which all employees have been paid and setting forth and describing, in detail, as to each employee, all accrued but unpaid vacation pay, a description of whether any of Seller's employees are participating in Seller's group health plan through the exercise of COBRA benefits and all other fringe benefits. (y) A complete set of all guest registration cards, guest transcripts, guest histories, and all other available guest information. (z) All surveys and plot plans of the Real Property in possession of or in the control of Seller. (aa) An updated schedule of employees, showing salaries and duties, with a statement of the length of service of each such employee, brought current to a date not more than forty-eight (48) hours prior to the Closing. (bb) A complete list of all advance room reservations, functions and the like, in reasonable detail so as to enable Purchaser to honor Seller's commitments in that regard. (cc) A list of Seller's outstanding accounts receivable as of midnight on the date prior to the Closing, specifying the name of each account and the amount due Seller. (dd) A list of all vendors and suppliers servicing the Hotels. (ee) All books, records, operating reports, appraisal reports, files and other materials in Seller's possession or control which are necessary in Purchaser's discretion to maintain continuity of operation of the Property. (ff) Written notice executed by Seller notifying all interested parties, including, without limitation, all tenants under any Occupancy Agreements, that the Property has been conveyed to Purchaser and directing that all payments, inquiries and the like be forwarded to Purchaser at the address to be provided by Purchaser. (gg) A current UCC Report showing no financing statements by Seller as Debtor covering the Property. AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 33 (hh) Executed originals of all Occupancy Agreements, Employment Agreements and, to the extent available, Authorizations transferred or assigned to Purchaser at Closing as required hereunder. (ii) Evidence in writing that Seller and Manager have terminated the Management Agreements. (jj) If Purchaser makes the Management Election, the New Management Agreement. (kk) A termination of the lease agreement between Dunn Group of Indiana, as landlord, and Dunn Family Associates, LLP, as tenant. (ll) Any other document or instrument reasonably necessary or required to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. 7.3 Purchaser's Deliveries. At the Closing, Purchaser shall deliver to Escrow Agent all of the following, each of which, if required, shall have been duly executed and, where applicable, acknowledged and/or sworn on behalf of Purchaser and shall be dated as of the Closing Date: (a) The portion of the Purchase Price described in Section 2.2 hereof. (b) The Assignment and Assumption Agreement. (c) The Assignment of Occupancy Agreements. (d) If Purchaser makes the Management Election, the New Management Agreement. (e) Any other document or instrument reasonably necessary or required to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. 7.4 Mutual Deliveries. At the Closing, Purchaser and Seller shall mutually execute and deliver each to the other: (a) A final closing statement reflecting the Purchase Price and the adjustments and prorations required hereunder and the allocation of income and expenses required hereby. (b) The Alcoholic Beverage Management Agreement and such other documents, instruments and undertakings as may be required by the liquor authorities of the State where the Property is located, or of any county or municipality or governmental entity having jurisdiction with respect to the transfer or issue of liquor licenses or alcoholic beverage licenses or permits for the Hotels, to the extent not theretofore executed and delivered. (c) Such other and further documents, papers and instruments as may be reasonably required by the parties hereto or their respective counsel. AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 34 7.5 Closing Costs. Except as is explicitly provided in this Agreement, each party hereto shall pay its own legal fees and expenses. The escrow fees, costs of title examination and the title insurance premium for the issuance of the Title Policy shall be shared equally between Seller and Purchaser. All filing fees for the Deeds shall be paid by Seller. All costs of supplying tax certificates to the title company shall be paid by Seller. The transfer, recording, sales or other similar taxes and surtaxes due with respect to the transfer of title shall be paid by Seller. Seller shall pay for all prepayment charges or other costs associated with the releases of any deeds of trust, mortgages and other financing encumbering the Property and for any costs associated with any corrective instruments. The UCC Searches, endorsements to the Title Policy and the costs of any Property inspections shall be paid by Purchaser. The Purchaser shall pay all costs and expenses associated with the Surveys, however, if the Closing is consummated, Purchaser shall be allowed a credit against the Purchase Price for such costs and expenses at Closing. All other costs (except any costs incurred by Seller for its own account) which are necessary to carry out the transactions contemplated hereunder shall be allocated between Purchaser and Seller in accordance with local custom in the jurisdiction in which the Property is located. Any and all costs incurred in obtaining a product improvement plan and related inspection fees with respect to the Franchise Agreements, including transfer fees with respect to the Franchise Agreements, shall be paid by Purchaser. 7.6 Revenue and Expense Allocations. All revenues and expenses with respect to the Property, and applicable to the period of time before and after Closing, determined in accordance with sound accounting principles consistently applied, shall be allocated between Seller and Purchaser as provided herein. Seller shall be entitled to all revenue and shall be responsible for all expenses for the period of time up to but not including the date of Closing, and Purchaser shall be entitled to all revenue and shall be responsible for all expenses for the period of time from, after and including the date of Closing (provided that housekeeping costs and the Rooms Ledger for the date of Closing shall be shared equally between Purchaser and Seller). Such adjustments shall be shown on the closing statements (with such supporting documentation as the parties hereto may require being attached as exhibits to the closing statements) and shall increase or decrease (as the case may be) the cash amount payable by Purchaser pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the following items of revenue and expense shall be allocated at Closing: (a) Current rents. (b) Real estate and personal property taxes. (c) Revenue and expenses under the Operating Agreements and Off-Site Facility Agreements to be assigned to and assumed by Purchaser. (d) Utility charges (including, but not limited to, charges for water, sewer and electricity). (e) Municipal or other governmental improvement liens, which shall be paid by Seller at Closing where the work has physically commenced, and which shall be assumed by Purchaser at Closing where the work has been authorized, but not physically commenced. AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 35 (f) Insurance premiums, to the extent required hereby. (g) License and permit fees, where transferable. (h) All other revenues and expenses of the Property, including, but not limited to, such things as restaurant, bar and meeting room income and expenses and the like. (i) The Rooms Ledger and housekeeping costs for the date of Closing (to be apportioned equally between Seller and Purchaser). (j) Such other items as are usually and customarily prorated between purchasers and sellers of hotel properties in the area where the Property is located. Purchaser shall receive a credit against the Purchase Price for the total of (i) prepaid rents, (ii) prepaid room receipts and deposits, function receipts and deposits and other reservation receipts and deposits, (iii) unforfeited security deposits together with interest thereon held by Seller under Occupancy Agreements, and (iv) the value of any complimentary rooms (based upon the "rack" rate for each room) and any complimentary food or beverages (based upon the advertised rate for each food and beverage) provided by Seller from and after 6:00 a.m. on the Closing Date. At Closing, Seller shall sell to Purchaser in connection with the Hotels, and Purchaser shall purchase from Seller, at face value: (i) all petty cash funds in the hands of the Seller (or its manager) in connection with the Hotel guest operations at the Property; and (ii) the so-called "guest ledger" as mutually approved by Purchaser and Seller for the Hotels of guest accounts receivable payable to the Hotels as of the check out time for the Hotels on the Closing Date (based on guests and customers then using the Hotels) both (1) in occupancy from the preceding night through check out time the morning of the Closing Date, and (2) previously in occupancy prior to check out time on the Closing Date; provided, however, that the term "guest ledger" shall not include any accounts receivable which have been or are to be paid by any means other than a credit card. Purchaser shall not be obligated to purchase such non-credit card accounts receivable. For purposes of this Agreement, transfer or sale at face value shall have the following meanings: (i) for petty cash, an amount equal to the total of all petty cash funds on hand and transferred to Purchaser; and (ii) for the guest ledger, the total of all credit card accounts receivable as shown on the records of the Hotels, less actual collection costs (i.e., fees retained by credit card companies), less accounting charges for rooms furnished on a gratuity or complimentary basis to any hotel staff or as an accommodation to other parties and less Purchaser's one-half (-1/2) share of Rooms Ledger. The purchase price of said petty cash fund and guest ledger, as determined above, shall be paid to Seller at Closing by a credit to Seller in the computation of the adjustments and prorations on the Closing Date. Seller shall pay or cause to be paid a prorate amount of the real property taxes for the Property due and payable in November 2004 based on the number of days Seller owned the Property in 2004 relative to the total number of days in 2004 up to the date such real property taxes are due and payable. Purchaser will pay all such taxes due and payable thereafter. All special assessments pending, levied or due and payable on or prior to the Closing Date shall be paid by Seller on or before the Closing Date. All subdivision and platting costs and expenses heretofore incurred by Seller, including, without limitation, all subdivision exactions, fees and costs and all AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 36 dedication of land for parks and other public uses or payment of fees in lieu thereof, shall be paid by Seller on or prior to the Closing Date. Seller shall be required to pay or cause to be paid on or before the Closing Date any wages, vacation pay, sick leave, bonuses, pension, profit-sharing and welfare benefits and other compensation and fringe benefits of all persons employed at the Property on or before the Closing Date, including any employment taxes or other fees or assessments attributable thereto. Seller shall be required to pay all sales, occupancy and liquor taxes and like impositions currently through the date of Closing and deliver copies of paid checks and applicable statements to Purchaser. Seller shall be responsible for payments of amounts owing to third parties in respect of inventory and supplies ordered by Seller in respect of the Hotels prior to the Closing Date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, special purchases needed for future Advance Bookings which have been approved by Purchaser "in writing" and which relate to the period from and after Closing shall be the responsibility of Purchaser. Purchaser shall not be obligated to collect any delinquent rents, accounts receivable or revenues accrued prior to the Closing Date for Seller, but if Purchaser collects same, such amounts shall be promptly remitted to Seller in the form received. If accurate allocations cannot be made at Closing because current bills are not obtainable (as, for example, in the case of utility bills and/or real estate or personal property taxes), the parties shall allocate such revenue or expenses at Closing on the best available information, subject to adjustment upon receipt of the final bill or other evidence of the applicable revenue or expense. The obligation to make the adjustment shall survive the closing of the transaction contemplated by this Agreement. Any revenue received or expense incurred by Seller or Purchaser with respect to the Property after the date of Closing shall be promptly allocated in the manner described herein and the parties shall promptly pay or reimburse any amount due. The proration provisions of this Agreement shall survive the closing of the transaction contemplated hereby for a period of twelve (12) months. 7.7 Acquisition and Transfer of Inventory and Personal Property. As part of the Property and included in the Purchase Price, Seller agrees to transfer to Purchaser or its lessee, property manager or other designee (as Purchaser shall specify) all inventories of food and beverage and unused reserve stock (including in-use operating supplies) of linens, towels, paper goods, soaps, cleaning supplies, china, glassware, silverware and miscellaneous guest supplies, engineering cleaning supplies and the like at each Hotel (collectively, the "Inventory") and Personal Property. 7.8 Product Improvement Plan Requirements. In determining the Purchase Price, the parties hereto have assumed that product improvement plan requirements imposed by the Franchisor under the Franchise Agreements in connection with the contemplated change of ownership ("PIPs") will not exceed $1,000,000.00 in the aggregate. If Purchaser's reasonable estimates of the final PIPs for all of the Franchisors exceed $1,000,000.00 in the aggregate, and AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 37 Seller reasonably agrees with Purchaser's estimates, then the Seller will pay the excess over such $1,000,000.00 of up to $1,500,000.00. If however, such estimates exceed $1,500,000.00 in the aggregate, Purchaser shall have the right (prior to the expiration of the Study Period) to either (a) terminate this Agreement upon written notice to Seller, whereupon the Deposit shall be returned to Purchaser without any further obligations between the parties hereunder except for any provisions which expressly survive this Agreement, (b) continue this Agreement and pay the excess over $1,500,000.00, or (c) obtain a credit to the Purchase Price by the amount of such excess to which Seller reasonably agrees up to $1,500,000 (the "PIP Excess") and issue to Seller "Common Partnership Units" in Purchaser (as defined and described in the agreement of limited partnership of Purchaser), the number of which (at issuance in value equal to the PIP Excess) and terms regarding the issuance of such units to be governed by an amendment to this Agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Seller and Purchaser (and in compliance with any public company requirements imposed on Purchaser by applicable laws). ARTICLE VIII GENERAL PROVISIONS 8.1 Condemnation. In the event of any actual or threatened taking, pursuant to the power of eminent domain, of all or any portion of the Real Property, or any proposed sale in lieu thereof, Seller shall give written notice thereof to Purchaser promptly after Seller learns or receives notice thereof. If all or any part of the Real Property is, or is to be, so condemned or sold (except for any condemnation or sale which does not affect the Purchaser's ability to own and operate the Hotels), Purchaser shall have the right to either terminate this Agreement pursuant to Section 9.3 hereof or terminate the Hotel subject to such condemnation or sale whereupon the Purchase Price shall be reduced by the applicable Allocated Purchase Price. If Purchaser elects not to terminate this Agreement (or if a sale or condemnation occurs for which Purchaser is not entitled to terminate this Agreement), all proceeds, awards and other payments arising out of such condemnation or sale (actual or threatened) shall be paid or assigned, as applicable, to Purchaser at Closing. Seller shall not settle or compromise any such proceeding without Purchaser's written consent. If Purchaser elects to terminate this Agreement in its entirety by giving Seller written notice thereof prior to the Closing, the Deposit shall be promptly returned to Purchaser and all rights and obligations of Seller and Purchaser hereunder (except those set forth herein which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement) shall terminate immediately. 8.2 Risk of Loss. The risk of any loss or damage to the Property prior to the Closing shall remain upon Seller. If any such loss or damage occurs prior to Closing, Purchaser shall have the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to Section 9.3 hereof or terminate the Hotel subject to such loss or damage whereupon the Purchase Price shall be reduced by the applicable Allocated Purchase Price. If Purchaser elects not to terminate this Agreement, all insurance proceeds and rights to proceeds arising out of such loss or damage shall be paid or assigned, as applicable, to Purchaser at Closing and Purchaser shall receive as a credit against the Purchase Price the amount of any deductibles under the policies of insurance covering such loss or damage. If Purchaser elects to terminate this Agreement in its entirety by giving Seller written notice thereof prior to the Closing, the Deposit shall be promptly returned to Purchaser and all AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 38 rights and obligations of Seller and Purchaser hereunder (except those set forth herein which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement) shall terminate immediately. 8.3 Broker. The parties acknowledge that Broker has been the procuring cause of this Agreement. It shall be the obligation of Seller to pay Broker its commission, when, as and if the transaction contemplated hereby actually closes, in accordance with a separate agreement between the Broker and Seller. There is no other real estate broker involved in this transaction. Purchaser warrants and represents to Seller that Purchaser has not dealt with any other real estate broker in connection with this transaction, nor has Purchaser been introduced to the Property or to Seller by any other real estate broker, and Purchaser shall indemnify Seller and hold Seller harmless from and against any claims, suits, demands or liabilities of any kind or nature whatsoever arising on account of the claim of any other person, firm or corporation to a real estate brokerage commission or a finder's fee as a result of having dealt with Purchaser, or as a result of having introduced Purchaser to Seller or to the Property. In like manner, Seller warrants and represents to Purchaser that Seller has not dealt with any other real estate broker in connection with this transaction, nor has Seller been introduced to Purchaser by any other real estate broker, and Seller shall indemnify Purchaser and save and hold Purchaser harmless from and against any claims, suits, demands or liabilities of any kind or nature whatsoever arising on account of the claim of any person, firm or corporation to a real estate brokerage commission or a finder's fee as a result of having dealt with Seller in connection with this transaction. This provision shall survive any termination of this Agreement and a closing of the transaction contemplated hereby. 8.4 Bulk Sale. It shall be the obligation of Seller to comply with any bulk sale requirements, statutes, laws, ordinances and regulations promulgated with respect thereto, if any, in the State in which the Property is located, or in or by any governmental entity having jurisdiction with respect thereto, and to provide proof of such compliance or proof that no such compliance is required, to Purchaser, at or prior to Closing. In any event, Seller shall indemnify Purchaser and save and hold Purchaser harmless from and against any claims, suits, demands, liabilities or obligations of any kind or nature whatsoever, including all costs of defending same, and reasonable attorneys' fees paid or incurred in connection therewith, arising out of or relating to any claim made by any third party or any liability asserted by any third party that any applicable bulk sales law or like statute has not been complied with. The provisions of this Section shall survive the Closing of the transaction contemplated hereby. 8.5 Confidentiality. Except as hereinafter provided, from and after the execution of this Agreement, Purchaser and Seller shall keep the terms, conditions and provisions of this Agreement confidential and neither shall make any public announcements hereof unless the other first approves of same in writing, nor shall either disclose the terms, conditions and provisions hereof, except to persons who "need to know," such as their respective officers, directors, employees, attorneys, accountants, engineers, surveyors, consultants, financiers, partners, investors, potential lessees and bankers and such other third parties whose assistance is required in connection with the consummation of this transaction. Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is acknowledged that Purchaser is, or is an affiliate of, a real estate investment trust (the "REIT"), and the REIT has and will seek to sell shares to the general public; consequently, Purchaser shall have the absolute and unbridled right to disclose any information regarding the transaction AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 39 contemplated by this Agreement required by law or as determined to be necessary or appropriate by Purchaser or Purchaser's attorneys to satisfy disclosure and reporting obligations of Purchaser or its affiliates. 8.6 Seller's Accounts Receivable. It is expressly agreed by and between Purchaser and Seller that Seller is not hereby agreeing to sell to Purchaser, and Purchaser is not hereby agreeing to purchase from Seller, any of Seller's accounts receivable. All of Seller's accounts receivable shall be and remain the property of Seller, subsequent to the Closing of the transaction contemplated hereby. At the Closing, Seller shall prepare a list of its outstanding accounts receivable as of midnight on the date prior to the Closing, specifying the name of each account and the amount due to Seller. Purchaser shall hold any funds received by Purchaser explicitly designated as payment of such accounts receivable, in trust, if Purchaser actually collects any such amounts, and shall pay the monies collected in respect thereof to Seller at the end of each calendar month, accompanied by a statement showing the amount collected on each such account. After Closing, at Seller's sole cost and expense, upon two (2) business days notice to Purchaser, and without materially interfering with the business conducted by Purchaser at the Hotels, Seller may review the account receivable records of Purchaser to confirm any statements issued by Purchaser with respect to any Seller receivables collected by Purchaser. Other than the foregoing, Purchaser shall have no obligation with respect to any such account, and Purchaser shall not be required to take any legal proceeding or action to effect collection on behalf of Seller. It is generally the intention of Purchaser and Seller that although all of Seller's accounts receivable shall be and remain the property of Seller, still, if any such accounts are paid to Purchaser, then Purchaser shall collect same and remit to Seller in the manner above provided. Nothing herein contained shall be construed as requiring Purchaser to remit to Seller any funds collected by Purchaser on account of Purchaser's accounts receivable generated from Hotel operations, even if the person or entity paying same is also indebted to Seller. ARTICLE IX LIABILITY OF PURCHASER AND SELLER; INDEMNIFICATION BY SELLER; DEFAULT; TERMINATION RIGHTS 9.1 Liability of Purchaser and Seller. Except for obligations expressly assumed or agreed to be assumed by Purchaser hereunder, Purchaser is not assuming any obligations of Seller or any liability for claims arising out of any act, omission or occurrence which occurs, accrues or arises prior to the Closing Date, and Seller hereby indemnifies and holds Purchaser harmless from and against any and all claims, costs, penalties, damages, losses, liabilities and expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees) that may at any time be incurred by Purchaser as a result of (1) obligations of Seller not expressly assumed or agreed to be assumed by Purchaser hereunder, or (2) acts, omissions or occurrences which occur, accrue or arise prior to the Closing Date. Except as set forth in this Section 9.1 above, Purchaser hereby indemnifies and holds Seller harmless from and against any and all claims, costs, penalties, damages, losses, liabilities and expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees) that may at any time be incurred by Seller as a result of (1) obligations of Purchaser expressly assumed by Purchaser hereunder, or (2) acts, omissions or occurrences which first occur, accrue, or arise after the Closing Date. The provisions of this Section shall survive the Closing of the transaction contemplated hereby. AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 40 9.2 Indemnification by Seller. Seller hereby indemnifies and holds Purchaser harmless from and against any and all claims, costs, penalties, damages, losses, liabilities and expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees) that may at any time be incurred by Purchaser, whether before or after Closing, as a result of any inaccuracy or breach by Seller of any of its representations, warranties, covenants or obligations set forth herein or in any other document delivered by Seller pursuant hereto except for any breach or inaccuracy of any representation or warranty as to which Seller has given Purchaser written notice prior to Closing of the untruth or inaccuracy or of which Purchaser otherwise had actual knowledge prior to the Closing and nevertheless elected to consummate the Closing; provided, however, the foregoing knowledge limitation on Seller's indemnity shall not limit Purchaser's remedy described in Section 9.3(a)(ii) hereof. Notwithstanding anything herein contained to the contrary, Seller's indemnity set forth herein, shall survive the Closing Date for a period of one (1) year thereafter, provided that Purchaser provides to Seller written notice within such one (1) year period of any damage, claim, loss, liability or expense which the Purchaser has determined has given or could give rise to a claim under this Section 9.2, and such notice contains a description of the nature and amount (actual or estimated) of any such claim, together with a statement as to the basis for Seller's liability. Any indemnity obligations of Seller hereunder shall be limited to $3,500,000.00 and Purchaser agrees not to make any indemnity claims hereunder against Seller until the aggregate of such claims exceeds $50,000.00. The provisions of this Section shall survive the Closing of the transaction contemplated hereby. If any third party shall notify Purchaser with respect to any matter (a "Claim") which may give rise to a claim for indemnification against Seller under this Section 9.2, then Purchaser shall promptly (and in any event within five (5) business days after receiving notice of the Claim) notify Seller thereof in writing. Seller will have the right at any time to assume and thereafter conduct the defense of the Claim with counsel of Seller's choice reasonably satisfactory to Purchaser; provided, however, that Seller will not consent to the entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement with respect to the Claim without the prior written consent of Purchaser (not to be withheld unreasonably) unless the judgment or proposed settlement involves only the payment of money damages and does not impose an injunction or other equitable relief upon Purchaser. Unless and until Seller assumes the defense of the Claim as provided hereinabove, however, Purchaser may defend against the Claim in any manner Purchaser reasonably may deem appropriate. In no event will Purchaser consent to the entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement with respect to the Claim without the prior written consent of Seller (not to be unreasonably withheld). 9.3 Default by Seller/Failure of Conditions Precedent. If any condition set forth herein for the benefit of Purchaser cannot or will not be satisfied prior to Closing, or upon the occurrence of any other event that would entitle Purchaser to terminate this Agreement and its obligations hereunder, and if Seller fails to cure any such matter or satisfy that condition within ten (10) business days after notice thereof from Purchaser (or such other time period as may be explicitly provided for herein), Purchaser, at its option, may elect (a) to terminate this Agreement in its entirety, in which event (i) the Deposit shall be promptly returned to Purchaser, (ii) if the condition which has not been satisfied is a material breach of a representation, warranty or covenant, then Seller shall be obligated upon demand to reimburse Purchaser for Purchaser's actual out-of-pocket inspection, financing and other costs related to Purchaser's entering into this Agreement, inspecting the Property and preparing for a Closing of the transaction contemplated hereby, including, without limitation, Purchaser's attorneys' fees incurred in connection with the AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 41 preparation, negotiation and execution of this Agreement and in connection with Purchaser's due diligence review, audits and preparation for a Closing, in an amount not to exceed $200,000.00 in the aggregate, and (iii) all other rights and obligations of Seller and Purchaser hereunder (except those set forth herein which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement) shall terminate immediately; or (b) elect to proceed to Closing. If Purchaser elects to proceed to Closing and there is either a material misrepresentation or material breach of a warranty by Seller (other than a material breach of a representation or warranty of which Purchaser had actual knowledge prior to the Closing and nevertheless elected to consummate the Closing) or the material breach of a covenant by Seller or a material failure by Seller to perform its obligations hereunder, Purchaser shall retain all remedies accruing as a result thereof, including, but not limited to the remedy of specific performance of Seller's covenants and obligations and the remedy of the recovery of all reasonable damages resulting from Seller's breach of warranty or covenant. 9.4 Default by Purchaser/Failure of Conditions Precedent. If any condition set forth herein for the benefit of Seller (other than a default by Purchaser) cannot or will not be satisfied prior to Closing, and if Purchaser fails to satisfy that condition within ten (10) business days after notice thereof from Seller (or such other time period as may be explicitly provided for herein), Seller may, at its option, elect either (a) to terminate this Agreement in which event the Deposit shall be promptly returned to Purchaser and the parties hereto shall be released from all further obligations hereunder except those which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement, or (b) to waive its right to terminate, and instead, to proceed to Closing. If, prior to Closing, Purchaser defaults in performing any of its obligations under this Agreement (including its obligation to purchase the Property), and Purchaser fails to cure any such default within ten (10) business days after notice thereof from Seller, then Seller's sole remedy for such default shall be to terminate this Agreement and retain the Deposit. Seller and Purchaser agree that, in the event of such a default, the damages that Seller would sustain as a result thereof would be difficult if not impossible to ascertain. Therefore, Seller and Purchaser agree that, Seller shall retain the Deposit as full and complete liquidated damages and as Seller's sole remedy. 9.5 Costs and Attorneys' Fees. In the event of any litigation or dispute between the parties arising out of or in any way connected with this Agreement, resulting in any litigation, then the prevailing party in such litigation shall be entitled to recover its costs of prosecuting and/or defending same, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees at trial and all appellate levels. The provisions of this Section shall survive the Closing of the transaction contemplated hereby. 9.6 Limitation of Liability. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, except in the case of fraud by either party, the liability of each party hereto resulting from the breach or default by either party shall be limited to actual damages incurred by the injured party and except in the case of fraud by either party, the parties hereto hereby waive their rights to recover from the other party consequential, punitive, exemplary, and speculative damages. The provisions of this Section 9.6 shall survive the Closing of the transaction contemplated hereby. AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 42 ARTICLE X MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS 10.1 Completeness; Modification. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby and supersedes all prior discussions, understandings, agreements and negotiations between the parties hereto. This Agreement may be modified only by a written instrument duly executed by the parties hereto. 10.2 Assignments. Purchaser may assign all or any portion of its rights hereunder to one or more Affiliates of Purchaser without the consent of Seller; however, any such assignment shall not relieve Purchaser of its obligations under this Agreement. 10.3 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall bind and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns. 10.4 Days. If any action is required to be performed, or if any notice, consent or other communication is given, on a day that is a Saturday or Sunday or a legal holiday in the jurisdiction in which the action is required to be performed or in which is located the intended recipient of such notice, consent or other communication, such performance shall be deemed to be required, and such notice, consent or other communication shall be deemed to be given, on the first business day following such Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday. Unless otherwise specified herein, all references herein to a "day" or "days" shall refer to calendar days and not business days. 10.5 Governing Law. This Agreement and all documents referred to herein shall be governed by and construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the state where the Property is located. 10.6 Counterparts. To facilitate execution, this Agreement may be executed in as many counterparts as may be required. It shall not be necessary that the signature on behalf of both parties hereto appear on each counterpart hereof. All counterparts hereof shall collectively constitute a single agreement. 10.7 Severability. If any term, covenant or condition of this Agreement, or the application thereof to any person or circumstance, shall to any extent be invalid or unenforceable, the remainder of this Agreement, or the application of such term, covenant or condition to other persons or circumstances, shall not be affected thereby, and each term, covenant or condition of this Agreement shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law. 10.8 Costs. Regardless of whether Closing occurs hereunder, and except as otherwise expressly provided herein, each party hereto shall be responsible for its own costs in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including, without limitation, fees of attorneys, engineers and accountants. AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 43 10.9 Notices. All notices, requests, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be delivered by hand, transmitted by facsimile transmission, sent prepaid by Federal Express (or a comparable overnight delivery service) or sent by the United States mail, certified, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, at the addresses and with such copies as designated below. Any notice, request, demand or other communication delivered or sent in the manner aforesaid shall be deemed given or made (as the case may be) when actually delivered to the intended recipient. If to Seller: Dunn Hospitality Group, LLC 100 South Green River Road Evansville, Indiana 47715 Attn: John Dunn Telecopy: _________________________________ With a copy to: Merritt & Tenney LLP Suite 500, 200 Galleria Parkway, N.W. Atlanta, Georgia 30339 Attn: James F. Tenney Telecopy: 770.952.0028 If to Purchaser: Ashford Hospitality Limited Partnership c/o Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. 14185 Dallas Parkway Suite 1100 Dallas, Texas 75254 Attn: David A. Brooks and Christopher A. Peckham Telecopy: (972) 490-9605 With a copy to: Andrews Kurth LLP 1717 Main Street, Suite 3700 Dallas, Texas 75201 Attn: Brigitte Kimichik Telecopy: (214) 659-4777 If to Escrow Agent: Chicago Title Insurance Company 711 Third Avenue, 5th Floor New York, New York 10017 Attn: Sie Cheung Telecopy: (214) 880-9623 or to such other address as the intended recipient may have specified in a notice to the other party. Any party hereto may change its address or designate different or other persons or entities to receive copies by notifying the other party and Escrow Agent in a manner described in this Section. AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 44 10.10 Escrow Agent. Escrow Agent referred to in the definition thereof contained in Section 1.1 hereof has agreed to act as such for the convenience of the parties without fee or other charges for such services as Escrow Agent. Escrow Agent shall not be liable: (a) to any of the parties for any act or omission to act except for its own willful misconduct or gross negligence; (b) for any legal effect, insufficiency, or undesirability of any instrument deposited with or delivered by Escrow Agent or exchanged by the parties hereunder, whether or not Escrow Agent prepared such instrument; (c) for any loss or impairment of funds that have been deposited in escrow while those funds are in the course of collection, or while those funds are on deposit in a financial institution, if such loss or impairment results from the failure, insolvency or suspension of a financial institution; (d) for the expiration of any time limit or other consequence of delay, unless a properly executed written instruction, accepted by Escrow Agent, has instructed Escrow Agent to comply with said time limit; (e) for the default, error, action or omission of either party to the escrow. Escrow Agent, in its capacity as escrow agent, shall be entitled to rely on any document or paper received by it, believed by such Escrow Agent, in good faith, to be bona fide and genuine. In the event of any dispute as to the disposition of the Deposit or any other monies held in escrow, or of any documents held in escrow, Escrow Agent may, if such Escrow Agent so elects, interplead the matter by filing an interpleader action in a court of general jurisdiction in the county or circuit where the Real Property is located (to the jurisdiction of which both parties do hereby consent), and pay into the registry of the court the Deposit, or deposit any such documents with respect to which there is a dispute in the Registry of such court, whereupon such Escrow Agent shall be relieved and released from any further liability as Escrow Agent hereunder. Escrow Agent shall not be liable for Escrow Agent's compliance with any legal process, subpoena, writ, order, judgment and decree of any court, whether issued with or without jurisdiction, and whether or not subsequently vacated, modified, set aside or reversed. 10.11 Incorporation by Reference. All of the exhibits attached hereto are by this reference incorporated herein and made a part hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Seller and Purchaser agree that to the extent any of the exhibits or schedules are not attached hereto on the date of execution of this Agreement, the parties hereto shall use their best efforts to complete and agree to such exhibits and schedules within ten (10) days after execution of this Agreement. With respect to Schedule 10 attached hereto, Seller shall have the right to supplement such schedule within the herein referenced ten (10) day period, upon written notice thereof to Purchaser. 10.12 Survival. All of the covenants and agreements of Seller and Purchaser made in, or pursuant to, this Agreement shall survive Closing and shall not merge into the Deed or any other document or instrument executed and delivered in connection herewith. 10.13 Further Assurances. Seller and Purchaser each covenant and agree to sign, execute and deliver, or cause to be signed, executed and delivered, and to do or make, or cause to be done or made, upon the written request of the other party, any and all agreements, instruments, papers, deeds, acts or things, supplemental, confirmatory or otherwise, as may be reasonably required by either party hereto for the purpose of or in connection with consummating the transactions described herein. AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 45 10.14 No Partnership. This Agreement does not and shall not be construed to create a partnership, joint venture or any other relationship between the parties hereto except the relationship of Seller and Purchaser specifically established hereby. 10.15 Time of Essence. Time is of the essence with respect to every provision hereof. 10.16 Signatory Exculpation. The signatory(ies) for Purchaser and Seller is/are executing this Agreement in his/their capacity as representative of Purchaser and Seller and not individually and, therefore, shall have no personal or individual liability of any kind in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by it. 10.17 Rules of Construction. The following rules shall apply to the construction and interpretation of this Agreement: (a) Singular words shall connote the plural number as well as the singular and vice versa, and the masculine shall include the feminine and the neuter. (b) All references herein to particular articles, sections, subsections, clauses or exhibits are references to articles, sections, subsections, clauses or exhibits of this Agreement. (c) The table of contents and headings contained herein are solely for convenience of reference and shall not constitute a part of this Agreement nor shall they affect its meaning, construction or effect. (d) Each party hereto and its counsel have reviewed and revised (or requested revisions of) this Agreement and have participated in the preparation of this Agreement, and therefore any usual rules of construction requiring that ambiguities are to be resolved against a particular party shall not be applicable in the construction and interpretation of this Agreement or any exhibits hereto. (e) As used herein, the term "Seller" shall mean the entities listed in the opening paragraph of this Agreement, however, any representations, warranties and covenants made by Seller herein are deemed to apply only to what is owned and to be sold by such Seller. (f) As used herein, the term or phrases "Effective Date," "date of this Agreement" or "date hereof" shall mean the first date Escrow Agent is in receipt of this Agreement executed by Seller and Purchaser. [Remainder of page intentionally left blank - signatures follow on next page] AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 46 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Seller and Purchaser have caused this Agreement to be executed in their names by their respective duly authorized representatives. SELLER: DUNN FAMILY ASSOCIATES, LLP, an Indiana limited liability partnership By: /s/: JOHN M. DUNN -------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: May 19, 2004 HOTEL INVESTMENT, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/: JOHN M. DUNN -------------------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: May 19, 2004 ENCORE HOTEL OF BLOOMINGTON, INC., an Indiana corporation By: /s/: JOHN M. DUNN ---------------------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: President Date of Execution: May 19, 2004 ENCORE HOTEL OF TERRE HAUTE, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/: JOHN M. DUNN ----------------------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: May 19, 2004 AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 47 ENCORE RESIDENTIAL HOTEL OF EVANSVILLE, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/: JOHN M. DUNN ------------------------------ Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: May 19, 2004 ENCORE HOTEL OF COLUMBUS, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/: JOHN M. DUNN -------------------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: May 19, 2004 ENCORE HOTEL OF HORSE CAVE, LLC, a limited liability company By: /s/: JOHN M. DUNN -------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: May 19, 2004 ENCORE HOTEL OF PRINCETON II, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/: JOHN M. DUNN --------------------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: May 19, 2004 AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 48 ENCORE DUNN HOSPITALITY GROUP, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/: JOHN M. DUNN ---------------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: May 19, 2004 PURCHASER: ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford OP General Partner, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ---------------------------- Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President Date of Execution: May 19, 2004 ESCROW AGENT: Chicago Title Insurance Company (Escrow Agent hereby acknowledges receipt of a fully executed Agreement from both Seller and Purchaser for purposes of Sections 10.10 and 10.17 hereof.) By: /s/ FRANNY TRATAROS ---------------------------- Name: Franny Trataros Title: Vice President Date: May 20, 2004 AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 49 RECEIPT OF ESCROW AGENT Chicago Title Insurance Company, as Escrow Agent, acknowledges receipt of the sum of $300,000.00 by check or by wire transfer from Purchaser as described in Section 2.2 of the foregoing Agreement of Purchase and Sale, said check or wire transfer to be held pursuant to the terms and provisions of said Agreement. DATED this 24th day of May, 2004. CHICAGO TITLE INSURANCE COMPANY By: /s/ FRANNY TRATAROS ---------------------------------- Name: Franny Trataros Title: Vice President AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE ASHFORD/DUNN PORTFOLIO 50
EX-10.18.1 8 d20035exv10w18w1.txt FIRST AMENDMENT TO AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE EXHIBIT 10.18.1 FIRST AMENDMENT TO AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE THIS FIRST AMENDMENT TO AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE (this "AMENDMENT") is made as of the 1st day of July, 2004, by and between ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, a Delaware limited partnership ("PURCHASER"), and DUNN FAMILY ASSOCIATES, LLP, an Indiana limited liability partnership, HOTEL INVESTMENT, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF BLOOMINGTON, INC., an Indiana corporation, ENCORE HOTELS OF TERRE HAUTE, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE RESIDENTIAL HOTEL OF EVANSVILLE, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF COLUMBUS, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF HORSE CAVE, LLC, a Kentucky limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF PRINCETON II, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, and ENCORE DUNN HOSPITALITY GROUP, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company (collectively, "SELLER"). RECITALS A. Seller and Purchaser have entered into that certain Agreement of Purchase and Sale dated as of May 19, 2004 (the "PURCHASE AGREEMENT"), which provides, among other things, for the Purchaser's purchase of the Property from the Seller. B. Seller and Purchaser wish to modify and amend the Purchase Agreement (as amended, the "AGREEMENT") as hereinafter provided. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants provided herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which Seller and Purchaser hereby acknowledge, Seller and Purchaser hereby agree as follows: 1. Definitions. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined in this Amendment shall have the meanings given to them in the Purchase Agreement. 2. Study Period. The Study Period is hereby extended twenty (20) days, expiring 5:00 pm Dallas, Texas time on Monday, July 26, 2004 (the "EXTENDED STUDY PERIOD"). Any rights of Purchaser to terminate the Agreement prior to the expiration of the Study Period or to make Purchaser Objections are hereby extended by the Extended Study Period. The foregoing shall not operate to limit any other right of Purchaser to terminate the Agreement pursuant to any other provision expressly set forth in the Agreement. 3. Amendment. The Agreement, as hereby amended, is hereby ratified and confirmed and shall continue in full force and effect. 4. Counterparts. The parties hereto may execute this Amendment in one or more identical counterparts, all of which when taken together will constitute one and the same instrument. Copied or telecopied signatures may be attached hereto and shall have the same binding and legal effect as original signatures. [Signature Pages to Follow] IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Seller and Purchaser have caused this Amendment to be executed effective as of the date first above written. SELLER: DUNN FAMILY ASSOCIATES, LLP, an Indiana limited liability partnership By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: July 1, 2004 HOTEL INVESTMENT, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: July 1, 2004 ENCORE HOTEL OF BLOOMINGTON, INC., an Indiana corporation By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: July 1, 2004 ENCORE HOTEL OF TERRE HAUTE, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: July 1, 2004 Page 2 ENCORE RESIDENTIAL HOTEL OF EVANSVILLE, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: July 1, 2004 ENCORE HOTEL OF COLUMBUS, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: July 1, 2004 ENCORE HOTEL OF HORSE CAVE, LLC, a Kentucky limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: July 1, 2004 ENCORE HOTEL OF PRINCETON II, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: July 1, 2004 Page 3 ENCORE DUNN HOSPITALITY GROUP, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: July 1, 2004 Page 4 PURCHASER: ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford OP General Partner LLC, a Delaware limited liability company By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS --------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President Date of Execution: July 2, 2004 Page 5 EX-10.18.2 9 d20035exv10w18w2.txt SECOND AMENDMENT TO AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE EXHIBIT 10.18.2 SECOND AMENDMENT TO AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE THIS SECOND AMENDMENT TO AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE (this "AMENDMENT") is made as of the 23rd day of July, 2004, by and between ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, a Delaware limited partnership ("PURCHASER"), and DUNN FAMILY ASSOCIATES, LLP, an Indiana limited liability partnership, HOTEL INVESTMENT, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF BLOOMINGTON, INC., an Indiana corporation, ENCORE HOTELS OF TERRE HAUTE, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE RESIDENTIAL HOTEL OF EVANSVILLE, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF COLUMBUS, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF HORSE CAVE, LLC, a Kentucky limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF PRINCETON II, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, and ENCORE DUNN HOSPITALITY GROUP, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company (collectively, "SELLER"). RECITALS A. Seller and Purchaser have entered into that certain Agreement of Purchase and Sale dated as of May 19, 2004, as amended by that certain First Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale dated July 1, 2004, executed by Purchaser and Seller (collectively, the "PURCHASE AGREEMENT"), which provides, among other things, for the Purchaser's purchase of the Property from the Seller. B. Seller and Purchaser wish to modify and amend the Purchase Agreement (as amended, the "AGREEMENT") as hereinafter provided. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants provided herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which Seller and Purchaser hereby acknowledge, Seller and Purchaser hereby agree as follows: 1. Definitions. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined in this Amendment shall have the meanings given to them in the Purchase Agreement. 2. Study Period. The Study Period is hereby extended fourteen (14) days, expiring 5:00 pm Dallas, Texas time on Monday, August 9, 2004 (the "EXTENDED STUDY PERIOD"). Any rights of Purchaser to terminate the Agreement prior to the expiration of the Study Period or to make Purchaser Objections are hereby extended by the Extended Study Period. The foregoing shall not operate to limit any other right of Purchaser to terminate the Agreement pursuant to any other provision expressly set forth in the Agreement. 3. Amendment. The Agreement, as hereby amended, is hereby ratified and confirmed and shall continue in full force and effect. 4. Counterparts. The parties hereto may execute this Amendment in one or more identical counterparts, all of which when taken together will constitute one and the same instrument. Copied or telecopied signatures may be attached hereto and shall have the same binding and legal effect as original signatures. [Signature Pages to Follow] IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Seller and Purchaser have caused this Amendment to be executed effective as of the date first above written. SELLER: DUNN FAMILY ASSOCIATES, LLP, an Indiana limited liability partnership By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ------- ---------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: July 23, 2004 HOTEL INVESTMENT, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN --------------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: July 23, 2004 ENCORE HOTEL OF BLOOMINGTON, INC., an Indiana corporation By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN --------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: President Date of Execution: July 23, 2004 ENCORE HOTEL OF TERRE HAUTE, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ------------------------------ Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: July 23, 2004 Page 2 ENCORE RESIDENTIAL HOTEL OF EVANSVILLE, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ---------------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: July 23, 2004 ENCORE HOTEL OF COLUMBUS, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ---------------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: July 23, 2004 ENCORE HOTEL OF HORSE CAVE, LLC, a Kentucky limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ---------------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: July 23, 2004 ENCORE HOTEL OF PRINCETON II, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ---------------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: July 23, 2004 Page 3 ENCORE DUNN HOSPITALITY GROUP, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN -------------------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: July 23, 2004 Page 4 PURCHASER: ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, a Delaware limited partnership By: Ashford OP General Partner LLC, a Delaware limited liability company By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ---------------------------------- David A. Brooks Vice President Date of Execution: July 23, 2004 Page 5 EX-10.18.3 10 d20035exv10w18w3.txt THIRD AMENDMENT TO AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE EXHIBIT 10.18.3 THIRD AMENDMENT TO AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE THIS THIRD AMENDMENT TO AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE (this "AMENDMENT") is made as of the 4th day of August, 2004, by and between ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, a Delaware limited partnership ("PURCHASER"), and DUNN FAMILY ASSOCIATES, LLP, an Indiana limited liability partnership, HOTEL INVESTMENT, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF BLOOMINGTON, INC., an Indiana corporation, ENCORE HOTELS OF TERRE HAUTE, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE RESIDENTIAL HOTEL OF EVANSVILLE, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF COLUMBUS, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF HORSE CAVE, LLC, a Kentucky limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF PRINCETON II, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, and DUNN HOSPITALITY GROUP, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company (collectively, "SELLER"). RECITALS A. Seller and Purchaser have entered into that certain Agreement of Purchase and Sale dated as of May 19, 2004, as amended by that certain First Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale dated July l, 2004 and that certain Second Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale dated July 23, 2004, executed by Purchaser and Seller (collectively, the "PURCHASE AGREEMENT"), which provides, among other things, for the Purchaser's purchase of the Property from the Seller. B. Seller and Purchaser wish to modify and amend the Purchase Agreement (as amended, the "AGREEMENT") as hereinafter provided. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants provided herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which Seller and Purchaser hereby acknowledge, Seller and Purchaser hereby agree as follows: 1. Definitions. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined in this Amendment shall have the meanings given to them in the Agreement. 2. Purchase Price. The definition of "Purchase Price" is hereby amended and restated to be as follows: "Purchase Price" shall mean $62,000,000.00 payable in the manner described in Section 2.2 hereof. 3. Common Partnership Units. (a) At Closing, Purchaser shall issue to Seller a number of "Common Partnership Units" (as defined and described in the agreement of limited partnership of Purchaser) in Purchaser equal to the quotient (rounded to the nearest whole number) resulting from $3,000,000.00 divided by Nine and No/100ths Dollars ($9.00). (b) Subsection 2.2(b) of the Agreement is hereby amended to insert the following sentence at the beginning of such paragraph: "Purchaser shall receive a credit against the Purchase Price in an amount equal to $3,000,000.00, which is the aggregate value of the Common Partnership Units to be issued to Seller." 4. Manager. Pursuant to Section 5.1(m) of the Agreement, Purchaser hereby elects that Dunn Hospitality Dunn Hospitality Group Manager, Inc. ("Manager") manage the Property pursuant to the New Management Agreements. 5. PIP Requirements. Section 7.8 of the Agreement is hereby deleted. Manager shall manage the performance and completion of the product improvement plan requirements imposed by the Franchisor under the Franchise Agreements in connection with the contemplated change in ownership of the Property (the "PIPS"). Manager shall be entitled to receive a Ten Percent (10%) project management fee based on the cost of the PIPS. Manager agrees to pay for the aggregate cost to complete the PIPs that exceeds an amount equal to the difference between the budgeted amount for the completion of the PIPS to be agreed to by Purchaser and Manager (the maximum amount of which is currently estimated to be $6,500,000.00 exclusive of the project management fee) (the "PIP Budget") less the cost of any item in the PIPS that may be waived or deferred by the applicable Franchisor after agreement to the PIP Budget (the "PIP Excess"), and Manager agrees to indemnify and reimburse Purchaser and its Affiliates for any costs or expenses incurred by Purchaser or any of its Affiliates which constitute payment of all or any part of the PIP Excess (the "Reimbursement Obligation"). Manager and John M. Dunn shall jointly and severally guarantee the payment of the PIP Excess and the Reimbursement Obligation (the "Guaranty"). The Guaranty is subject to approval by the parties to the PIP Budget. Seller, Manager and Purchaser shall use good faith commercially efforts to agree to the PIP Budget prior to Closing, upon which the Reimbursement Obligation shall be based, or after Closing pursuant to the approval terms applicable to budgets contained in the New Management Agreement. The Guaranty shall be secured by a pledge by Seller of the Common Partnership Units issued to Seller at Closing ("Pledge Agreement"). Additionally, the parties agree that to the extent of any Reimbursement Obligation, Ashford TRS Lessee LLC, as "owner" under the New Management Agreements, may offset such Reimbursement Obligation against any management fees otherwise due and owing to Manager under the New Management Agreements. The provisions of this Paragraph 5 shall survive the Closing. 6. Study Period. Seller and Purchaser agree that the Study Period has expired on the date hereof. 7. Repairs. Manager, at its sole cost and expense, shall complete the repairs to the Property described on Exhibit A attached hereto within the time frames set forth for the completion of the applicable PIPs. The provisions of this Paragraph 7 shall survive the Closing. 8. Closing Date. The Closing Date shall occur on a date no later than August 31, 2004; provided, however, Purchaser shall have the right, upon written notice to Seller, to extend the Closing Date for a period not to exceed thirty (30) days in order to finalize Purchaser's loan documents for the acquisition of the Property. Exhibit 8 - Page 2 9. Conditions to Closing. The following conditions precedent are hereby added to Section 5.1 of the Agreement: (o) Seller and Purchaser shall have agreed upon the form of documentation required in connection with the issuance of the Common Partnership Units to Seller at Closing. (p) Seller and Purchaser shall have agreed upon the form of Guaranty and Pledge Agreement in connection with the Reimbursement Obligation. (q) Purchaser shall be satisfied, in its sole and absolute discretion, as to the results of a limited subsurface investigation at and around the elevator pits at the Hampton Inn Terre Haute hotel to determine the environmental impact of a leaking hydraulic system for the elevators. 10. Conflicts. Except to the extent expressly modified by this Amendment, the terms, provisions and conditions of the Agreement are hereby ratified and confirmed and shall remain in full force and effect, unmodified by the terms and provisions hereof and, in the event of any conflict between the terms and provisions of the Agreement and this Amendment, the terms and provisions of this Amendment shall be deemed controlling. In the event of any conflict between the terms and provisions of the New Management Agreement and this Amendment, the terms and provisions of this Amendment shall be deemed controlling. 11. Counterparts. The parties hereto may execute this Amendment in one or more identical counterparts, all of which when taken together will constitute one and the same instrument. Copied or telecopied signatures may be attached hereto and shall have the same binding and legal effect as original signatures. Exhibit 8 - Page 3 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Seller and Purchaser have caused this Amendment to be executed effective as of the date first above written. SELLER: DUNN FAMILY ASSOCIATES, LLP, an Indiana limited liability partnership By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ------------------------ Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: August 4, 2004 HOTEL INVESTMENT, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ------------------------------ Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: August 4, 2004 ENCORE HOTEL OF BLOOMINGTON, INC., an Indiana corporation By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN --------------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: President Date of Execution: August 4, 2004 Exhibit 8 - Page 4 ENCORE HOTEL OF TERRE HAUTE, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN --------------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: August 4, 2004 ENCORE RESIDENTIAL HOTEL OF EVANSVILLE, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ---------------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: August 4, 2004 ENCORE HOTEL OF COLUMBUS, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ------------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: August 4, 2004 ENCORE HOTEL OF HORSE CAVE, LLC, a Kentucky limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ---------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: August 4, 2004 Exhibit 8 - Page 6 ENCORE HOTEL OF PRINCETON II, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN -------------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: August 4, 2004 ENCORE DUNN HOSPITALITY GROUP, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ---------------- Name: John M. Dunn Title: Manager Date of Execution: August 4, 2004 Exhibit 8 - Page 6 PURCHASER: ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, a Delaware limited partnership By: /s/ DAVD A. BROOKS ------------------------- Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President Date of Execution: August 4, 2004 Exhibit 8 - Page 7 EX-10.18.4 11 d20035exv10w18w4.txt FOURTH AMENDMENT TO AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE EXHIBIT 10.18.4 FOURTH AMENDMENT TO AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE THIS FOURTH AMENDMENT TO AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE (this "AMENDMENT") is made as of the 2nd day of September, 2004, by and between ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, a Delaware limited partnership ("PURCHASER"), and DUNN FAMILY ASSOCIATES, LLP, an Indiana limited liability partnership, as the sole Beneficiary with sole management and control under that certain Land Trust Agreement dated July 16, 1990, HOTEL INVESTMENT, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF BLOOMINGTON, INC., an Indiana corporation, ENCORE HOTELS OF TERRE HAUTE, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE RESIDENTIAL HOTELS OF EVANSVILLE, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF COLUMBUS, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF HORSE CAVE, LLC, a Kentucky limited liability company, ENCORE HOTELS OF PRINCETON II, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company, and DUNN HOSPITALITY GROUP, LLC, an Indiana limited liability company (collectively, "SELLER"). RECITALS A. Seller and Purchaser have entered into that certain Agreement of Purchase and Sale dated as of May 19, 2004, as amended by that certain First Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale dated July 1, 2004 that certain Second Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale dated July 23, 2004, and that certain Third Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale dated August 4, 2004, executed by Purchaser and Seller (collectively, the "PURCHASE AGREEMENT"), which provides, among other things, for the Purchaser's purchase of the Property from the Seller. B. Seller and Purchaser wish to modify and amend the Purchase Agreement (as amended, the "AGREEMENT") as hereinafter provided. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants provided herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which Seller and Purchaser hereby acknowledge, Seller and Purchaser hereby agree as follows: 1. Definitions. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined in this Amendment shall have the meanings given to them in the Agreement. The following definitions are added and incorporated into Section 1.1 of the Agreement: "COMMON STOCK" has the meaning given such term in the attached Exhibit 1 (Registration Rights Agreement). "COMPANY" shall mean Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation. "DUNN APPROVED TRANSFEREE" has the meaning given such term in the attached Exhibit 2 (Partnership Amendment). "GUARANTY" shall mean the Guaranty as defined in the Third Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale. Fourth Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale -1- "PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT" shall mean the Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Purchaser, as the same has been and may be amended from time to time. "PLEDGE AGREEMENT" shall mean have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Third Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale. "REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT" shall mean the Registration Rights Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit 1. "SECURITIES ACT" shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. "UNIT RECIPIENT" shall mean any Seller who shall acquire and have any Unit issued to it by Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement. "UNITS" shall mean "COMMON PARTNERSHIP UNITS" in Purchaser, as defined and described in the Partnership Agreement. 2. Subsection 2.2(b) of the Agreement is hereby revised and amended to insert the following as the last sentence of such Subsection: "The percentage of the total amount of Units issued pursuant to this Agreement as allocated to each Unit Recipient is set forth on Schedule 1 attached hereto." 3. ARTICLE III of the Agreement is hereby revised to add a new Section 3.31 as follows: "3.31 Investment Representations and Warranties. Each Unit Recipient represents, warrants and covenants as follows: (a) Unit Recipient is an `ACCREDITED INVESTOR' within the meaning of Rule 501(a) promulgated under the Securities Act, and understands the risks of, and other considerations relating to, the purchase of the Units. Unit Recipient, by reason of its business and financial experience, together with the business and financial experience of those persons, if any, retained by it to represent or advise it with respect to its investment in the Units, (i) has such knowledge, sophistication and experience in financial and business matters and in making investment decisions of this type, (ii) is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of an investment in Purchaser and of making an informed investment decision, (iii) is capable of protecting its own interest or has engaged representatives or advisors to assist it in protecting its interests and (iv) is capable of bearing the economic risk of such investment. (b) The Units to be issued to Unit Recipient will be acquired by Unit Recipient for its own account for investment only and not with a view to, or with any intention of, a distribution or resale thereof, in whole or in part, or the grant of any participation therein, other than the potential distribution of the Units to the Fourth Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale -2- respective partners or members of Unit Recipient, as applicable, following the expiration of the lock-up period provided in Section 6.15 of this Agreement. (c) Unit Recipient acknowledges that (i) the Units to be issued to Unit Recipient have not been registered under the Securities Act or state securities laws by reason of a specific exemption or exemptions from registration under the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws, (ii) Purchaser's reliance on such exemptions is predicated in part on the accuracy and completeness of the representations and warranties of Unit Recipient contained herein, (iii) such Units, therefore, cannot be resold unless registered under the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws (unless an exemption from registration is available), (iv) there is no public market for such Units, and (v) Purchaser has no obligation or intention to register such Units for resale under the Securities Act or any state securities laws or to take any action that would make available any exemption from the registration requirements of such laws. Unit Recipient hereby acknowledges that because of the restrictions on transfer or assignment of such Units to be issued hereunder (such restrictions on transfer or assignment being set forth in this Agreement and the Partnership Agreement), Unit Recipient may have to bear the economic risk of the investment commitment evidenced by this Agreement and any Units purchased hereby for an indefinite period of time, although (x) Units may be redeemed at the request of the holder thereof for cash or (at the option of the general partner of Purchaser) for Common Stock of Company pursuant to the terms of the Partnership Agreement (which redemption rights may be limited or modified pursuant to the terms of the Partnership Agreement) and (y) Company and Unit Recipient will execute and deliver a Registration Rights Agreement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 1. (d) The address set forth for Unit Recipient in this Agreement is the address of the Unit Recipient's principal place of business or residence, as applicable, and Unit Recipient has no present intention of becoming a resident of any country, state or jurisdiction other than the country and state in which such principal place of business or residence, as applicable, is sited." 4. ARTICLE IV of the Agreement is hereby revised to add a new Section 4.6 as follows: "4.6 Issuance of Units. Capitalized terms used in this Section 4.6 and not otherwise defined shall have the meaning given such terms in the Partnership Agreement. (a) The Partnership Agreement shall be amended effective with the Closing Date in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 2 (the `PARTNERSHIP AMENDMENT'), to provide for the issuance of the Units to Unit Recipients as provided herein. The Units to be issued in connection with the transactions herein contemplated have been, or prior to the Closing Date will have been, duly authorized for issuance by Purchaser to Unit Recipients and, on the Closing Date, Fourth Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale -3- will be validly issued. The rights and obligations of Unit holders will be as set forth in the Partnership Agreement, provided that, after the expiration of the lock-up period as provided in Section 6.15 of this Agreement and the Lock-Up Agreement, a Transfer of the Units by Unit Recipients to any Dunn Approved Transferee shall be excepted from the restrictions of Subsections 9.5(a) and 9.6(a)(i) of the Partnership Agreement. (b) With respect to the transfer of Units by Unit Recipients to any Dunn Approved Transferee after the lock-out period as contemplated by Subsection 4.6(a) of this Agreement, the parties further agree that the provisions relating to a `Transfer' in Section 9.5 and Section 9.6 of the Partnership Agreement will be deemed to have been satisfied or discharged as to any such Transfer to such Dunn Approved Transferee upon the following: (i) such Dunn Approved Transferee completes, executes and delivers to the Partnership the Subscriber Questionnaire in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 3; (ii) such Dunn Approved Transferee executes and delivers to the Partnership the Power of Attorney and Limited Partner Signature Page in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 4; (iii) such Dunn Approved Transferee executes and delivers to the Partnership a letter in the form of Exhibit 6 attached hereto, containing the representations, warranties, and agreement set forth in Section 3.31; (iv) such Dunn Approved Transferee executes and delivers to Company the signature page to the Registration Rights Agreement, the form of which is attached hereto as Exhibit 1; (v) such Dunn Approved Transferee is an `accredited investor' within the meaning of Rule 501 of the Securities Act, as evidenced by the Subscriber Questionnaire; and (vi) the Partnership shall not have received an opinion from legal counsel that there has been a change in the Securities Act or any applicable federal or state securities or `Blue Sky' law, (including investment suitability standards) which would require registration under the Securities Act of the Units being transferred to the Dunn Approved Transferee." 5. ARTICLE V of the Agreement is hereby revised to add a new Subsection 5.1(o) as follows: "(o) Offering of Units. There shall have been no change in any securities or related law or interpretation, nor any change in Seller's status as an `accredited investor' under the Securities Act that would render the consummation of the conveyance of the Fourth Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale -4- Property for Units, as contemplated by this Agreement, a violation of any such laws or interpretations thereof." 6. ARTICLE VI of the Agreement is hereby revised as follows: a. A new Section 6.10 is added as follows: "6.10 Prospective Subscriber Questionnaire. Each Unit Recipient shall deliver to Purchaser, at or prior to the expiration of the Study Period, a Prospective Subscriber Questionnaire with respect to such Unit Recipient in substantially the form attached hereto and made a part hereof as Exhibit 3. Each Unit Recipient shall also deliver to Purchaser, upon Purchaser's reasonable request, such other information, certificates and materials as Purchaser may reasonably request in connection with offering the Units without registration under the Securities Act and the securities laws of applicable states and other jurisdictions." b. A new Section 6.11 is added as follows: "6.11 Delivery of Tax Information. In connection with the issuance of Units to Unit Recipients, each Unit Recipient shall deliver to Purchaser no later than the Closing, at such Unit Recipient's sole cost and expense, the following information in a form reasonably determined by the Unit Recipients: (a) depreciation and amortization schedules for all assets constituting or otherwise included in such Unit Recipient's respective Property (the `Assets'), as kept for both book and tax purposes, showing original basis and accumulated depreciation or amortization; (b) basis information (computed for both book and tax purposes, if different) for all non-depreciable, non-amortizable Assets; (c) the adjusted basis of such Unit Recipient's respective partners or members, as the case may be, in the Assets; (d) calculations of the estimated amounts of gain to be realized and recognized by such Unit Recipient's respective partners or members, as the case may be, as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the disclosure of the method by which such amounts are calculated; (e) breakouts of basis information for any other balance sheet accounts of such Unit Recipient for which information has not been provided pursuant to the other clauses of this Section; (f) the names and numbers of such Unit Recipient's respective partners or members, as the case may be; and Fourth Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale -5- (g) for each of such Unit Recipient's respective partners or members, as the case may be, that is a partnership (or other entity treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes), S corporation or grantor trust (any of the foregoing, a `LOOK-THROUGH ENTITY'), and for each look-through entity that holds an indirect interest in such Unit Recipient through other look-through entities, the names and numbers of such entity's partners, shareholders or grantors." c. A new Section 6.12 is added as follows: "6.12 Cooperation on Tax Matters. In connection with the issuance of Units to the Unit Recipients, each Unit Recipient shall provide reasonable assistance to Company to enable Company to prepare its tax returns. Each Unit Recipient shall deliver to Company copies of its federal, state and local tax returns (including information returns) for the tax year in which the Closing occurs, including any amendments thereto, and each Unit Recipient shall notify Company, in writing, of any audits of such returns, or of any audits for other tax years that could affect the amounts shown on the returns, for the tax year in which the Closing occurs. Copies of such returns shall be provided to Company in draft form at least twenty (20) days before they are filed and in final form upon filing. Each Unit Recipient shall also provide to Company, promptly upon receipt, any notice that such Unit Recipient receives from any of its respective partners or members, as the case may be, that such partner or member intends to prepare its tax returns in a manner inconsistent with the returns filed by such Unit Recipient. The parties understand and agree that the tax returns filed by each Unit Recipient will be substantially consistent with the information provided to Company pursuant to this Agreement. The provisions of this Section shall survive the Closing." d. A new Section 6.13 is added as follows: "6.13 Information Regarding the Restrictions on Beneficial Ownership of Units. From the date of this Agreement until the Closing, and then so long as a Unit Recipient holds any Units, such Unit Recipient shall promptly provide Purchaser with written notice of any change in the identity or number of its respective partners or members, as the case may be (or of its indirect partners or members as identified pursuant to this Agreement), and shall provide the information called for in this Amendment with respect to any such change. In addition, so long as a Unit Recipient holds any Units, any such Unit Recipient shall not, without the prior written consent of Purchaser: (i) admit additional partners or members, (ii) permit the transfer of interests in such Unit Recipient to a look-through entity, or (iii) permit any transfer of interests in such Unit Recipient if, as a result of the admissions or transfers described in the foregoing (i) through (iii), the number of direct or indirect beneficial owners in such Unit Recipient would increase. Each Unit Recipient shall use its best efforts to secure the compliance of any look-through entities that hold direct or indirect interests in such Unit Recipient with the requirements of this Section as if such requirements applied directly to such entities. Each Unit Recipient acknowledges that the provisions of this Section are imposed to aid Purchaser in avoiding taxation as a corporation for federal income tax purposes, agrees that monetary damages may be insufficient to remedy the potential harm caused by any Fourth Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale -6- breach of the provisions of this Section, and agrees that injunctive relief, including specific performance or another equitable remedy would be an appropriate remedy. The provisions of this Section shall survive the Closing." e. A new Section 6.14 is added as follows: "6.14 Partnership Agreement. Each Unit Recipient agrees to be bound by and subject to all of the terms of the Partnership Agreement, including the grant of the Power of Attorney to the general partner of the Partnership. At or prior to the Closing, each Unit Recipient shall execute and deliver to Purchaser a Power of Attorney and Limited Partner Signature Page in substantially the form attached hereto and made a part hereof as Exhibit 4." f. A new Section 6.15 is added as follows: "6.15 Lock Up Agreement. Each Unit Recipient acknowledges and agrees that all Units issued to it at Closing must be held by such Unit Recipient for a period of one (1) year from the Closing Date with respect to one-half (1/2) of the Units, and two (2) years with respect to the remaining one-half (1/2) of the Units, and, during such period, may not be assigned, pledged, sold or otherwise transferred in whole or in part or subjected to any claim, lien, pledge, voting agreement, option, charge, security interest, mortgage, deed of trust, encumbrance, rights of assignment, purchase rights or rights of any nature whatsoever of any third party. Accordingly, at or prior to the Closing, each Unit Recipient shall execute and deliver to Purchaser a Lock Up Agreement (the "LOCK UP AGREEMENT") in substantially the form attached hereto and made a part hereof as Exhibit 5." g. A new Section 6.16 is added as follows: "6.16 Pledge Agreement. At the time of the execution of the Guaranty, each Unit Recipient agrees to pledge its respective Units to Purchaser as security for the Guaranty upon the terms and provisions as set forth in the Pledge Agreement, in the form attached hereto and made a part hereof as Exhibit 7, and accordingly each Unit Recipient shall execute and deliver to Purchaser the Pledge Agreement at Closing or at such later date that the Guaranty is executed." h. A new Section 6.17 is added as follows: "6.17 Guaranty. In the event of a Reimbursement Obligation, Dunn Hospitality Group Manager, Inc. and John M. Dunn shall guarantee payment of the Reimbursement Obligation to Purchaser, and any costs, fees or other amounts arising in connection with such guarantee, in accordance with and as provided and described in the Guaranty, in the form attached hereto and made a part hereof as Exhibit 8 (the "GUARANTY"), subject to the conditions set forth in the Guaranty and Seller shall cause to be executed and delivered to Purchaser the Guaranty at Closing or at such later date as the applicable parties agree to the PIP Budget (as defined in the Guaranty)." Fourth Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale -7- i. The following sentence is added to the end of ARTICLE VI: "The foregoing covenants of Seller and the Unit Recipients are for the benefit of Purchaser and Company or any of their assignees of their respective rights under this Agreement." 7. ARTICLE VII of the Agreement is revised as follows: a. Section 7.2 is revised to change the Subparagraph (ll) to (rr) and to add the following new Subsections 7.2(ll), 7.2(mm), 7.2(nn), 7.2(oo), 7.2(pp) and 7.2(qq): "7.2(ll) The Prospective Subscriber Questionnaire. 7.2(mm) The Lock-Up Agreement restricting transfer of Units. 7.2(nn) The Registration Rights Agreement. 7.2(oo) The Power of Attorney and Limited Partner Signature Page 7.2(pp) The Pledge Agreement, if applicable in accordance with Section 6.16. 7.2(qq) The Guaranty, if applicable in accordance with Section 6.17." b. Section 7.3 is revised to change subparagraph (e) to (g) and to add the following new Subsections 7.3(e) and 7.3(f): "(e) To Unit Recipients, the Partnership Amendment executed by the general partner of Purchaser. (f) To Unit Recipients, the Registration Rights Agreement executed by Company." 8. Conflicts. Except to the extent expressly modified by this Amendment, the terms, provisions and conditions of the Agreement are hereby ratified and confirmed and shall remain in full force and effect, unmodified by the terms and provisions hereof and, in the event of any conflict between the terms and provisions of the Agreement and this Amendment, the terms and provisions of this Amendment shall be deemed controlling. 9. Counterparts. The parties hereto may execute this Amendment in one or more identical counterparts, all of which when taken together will constitute one and the same instrument. Copied or telecopied signatures may be attached hereto and shall have the same binding and legal effect as original signatures. Fourth Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale -8- [signature page to Fourth Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale] IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Seller and Purchaser have caused this Amendment to be executed effective as of the date first above written. SELLER: Seller: Dunn Hospitality Group, LLC Purchaser: Ashford Louisville LP, d/b/a Ashford Louisville Limited Partnership Property Address: 819 Phillips Lane, Louisville, Kentucky 40209 Hotel: Courtyard Inn DUNN HOSPITALITY GROUP, LLC By: Dunn Hospitality Group Manager, Inc., Its Manager /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ---------------- John M. Dunn, President Seller: Encore Hotels of Bloomington, Inc. Purchaser: Ashford Bloomington LP Property Address: 310 South College Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47403 Hotel: Courtyard Inn ENCORE HOTELS OF BLOOMINGTON, INC. /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ---------------- John M. Dunn, President Seller: Encore Hotels of Columbus, LLC Purchaser: Ashford Tipton Lakes LP Property Address: 3888 Mimosa Drive, Columbus, IN 47201 Hotel: Courtyard Inn ENCORE HOTELS OF COLUMBUS, LLC By: Dunn Hospitality Group Manager, Inc., its Manager /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ---------------- John M. Dunn, President Fourth Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale -9- Seller: Encore Hotels of Horse Cave, LLC Purchaser: Ashford Horse Cave Limited Partnership Property Address: 750 Flintridge Road, Horse Cave, Kentucky 42749 Hotel: Hampton Inn ENCORE HOTELS OF HORSE CAVE, LLC By: Dunn Hospitality Group Manager, Inc., Its Manager /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ---------------- John M. Dunn, President Seller: Encore Hotels of Princeton II, LLC Purchaser: Ashford Evansville II LP Property Address: 2828 Dixon, Princeton, Indiana 47670 Hotel: Fairfield Inn ENCORE HOTELS OF PRINCETON II, LLC By: Dunn Hospitality Group Manager, Inc., Its Manager /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ---------------- John M. Dunn, President Seller: Encore Hotels of Terre Haute, LLC Purchaser: Ashford Terre Haute LP Property Address: 3325 U.S. 41 South, Terre Haute, Indiana 47802 Hotel: Hampton Inn ENCORE HOTELS OF TERRE HAUTE, LLC By: Dunn Hospitality Group Manager, Inc., Its Manager /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ---------------- John M. Dunn, President Fourth Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale -10- Seller: Encore Residential Hotels of Evansville, LLC Purchaser: Ashford Evansville III LP Property Address: 8283 E. Walnut Street, Evansville, IN 47715 Hotel: Residence Inn ENCORE RESIDENTIAL HOTELS OF EVANSVILLE, LLC By: Dunn Hospitality Group Manager, Inc., Its Manager /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ---------------- John M. Dunn, President Seller: Hotel Investment, LLC Purchaser: Ashford Evansville II LP Property Address: 5400 Weston Drive, Evansville, IN 47712 Hotel: Fairfield Inn HOTEL INVESTMENT, LLC By: Evansville Hotel Corporation, its Manager /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ---------------- John M. Dunn, President Legal Owner: Fifth Third Bank as Successor Trustee by merger to The Citizens National Bank of Evansville, IN as Trustee Under Land Trust Agreement dated July 16, 1990 Purchaser: Ashford Evansville I LP Property Address: 8000 Eagle Lake, Evansville, IN 47715 Hotel: Hampton Inn DUNN FAMILY ASSOCIATES, LLP, an Indiana limited liability partnership, as Sole Beneficiary under Land Trust Agreement dated July 16, 1990 By: /s/ JOHN M. DUNN ---------------- Name: John M. Dunn As: Agent and Attorney-in-Fact for Beneficiary and as General Partner Fourth Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale -11- PURCHASER: ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, a Delaware limited partnership By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS ---------------------- Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President Fourth Amendment to Agreement of Purchase and Sale -12- EX-10.19 12 d20035exv10w19.txt INTERNATIONAL SWAP DEALERS ASSOCIATION, INC. MASTER AGREEMENT EXHIBIT 10.19 (MULTICURRENCY-CROSS BORDER) ISDA International swaps & Derivatives Association Inc. MASTER AGREEMENT dated as of September 2, 2004 CALYON NEW YORK BRANCH AND ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP have entered and/or anticipate entering into one or more transactions (each a "Transaction") that are or will be governed by this Master Agreement, which includes the schedule (the 'Schedule"), and the documents and other confirming evidence (each a "Confirmation") exchanged between the parties confirming those Transactions. Accordingly, the parties agree as follows:- 1. INTERPRETATION (a) DEFINITIONS. The terms defined in Section 14 and in the Schedule will have the meanings therein specified for the purpose of this Master Agreement. (b) INCONSISTENCY. In the event of any inconsistency between the provisions of the Schedule and the other provisions of this Master Agreement, the Schedule will prevail. In the event of any inconsistency between the provisions of any Confirmation and this Master Agreement (including the Schedule), such Confirmation will prevail for the purpose of the relevant Transaction. (c) SINGLE AGREEMENT. All Transactions are entered into in reliance on the fact that this Master Agreement and all Confirmations form a single agreement between the parties (collectively referred to as this "Agreement"), and the parties would not otherwise enter into any Transactions. 2. OBLIGATIONS (a) GENERAL CONDITIONS. (i) Each party will make each payment or delivery specified in each Confirmation to be made by it, subject to the other provisions of this Agreement. (ii) Payments under this Agreement will be made on the due date for value on that date in the place of the account specified in the relevant Confirmation or otherwise pursuant to this Agreement, in freely transferable funds and in the manner customary for payments in the required currency. Where settlement is by delivery (that is, other than by payment), such delivery will be made for receipt on the due date in the manner customary for the relevant obligation unless otherwise specified in the relevant Confirmation or elsewhere in this Agreement. (iii) Each obligation of each party under Section 2(a)(i) is subject to (1) the condition precedent that no Event of Default or Potential Event of Default with respect to the other party has occurred and is continuing, (2) the condition precedent that no Early Termination Date in respect of the relevant Transaction has occurred or been effectively designated and (3) each other applicable condition precedent specified in this Agreement. (b) CHANGE OF ACCOUNT. Either party may change its account for receiving a payment or delivery by giving notice to the other party at least five Local Business Days prior to the scheduled date for the payment or delivery to which such change applies unless such other party gives timely notice of a reasonable objection to such change. (c) NETTING. If on any date amounts would otherwise be payable:- (i) in the same currency; and (ii) in respect of the same Transaction, by each party to the other, then, on such date, each party's obligation to make payment of any such amount will be automatically satisfied and discharged and, if the aggregate amount that would otherwise have been payable by one party exceeds the aggregate amount that would otherwise have been payable by the other party, replaced by an obligation upon the party by whom the larger aggregate amount would have been payable to pay to the other party the excess of the larger aggregate amount over the smaller aggregate amount. The parties may elect in respect of two or more Transactions that a net amount will be determined in respect of all amounts payable on the same date in the same currency in respect of such Transactions, regardless of whether such amounts are payable in respect of the same Transaction. The election may be made in the Schedule or a Confirmation by specifying that subparagraph (ii) above will not apply to the Transactions identified as being subject to the election, together with the starting date (in which case subparagraph (ii) above will not, or will cease to, apply to such Transactions from such date). This election may be made separately for different groups of Transactions and will apply separately to each pairing of Offices through which the parties make and receive payments or deliveries. (d) DEDUCTION OR WITHHOLDING FOR TAX. (i) GROSS-UP. All payments under this Agreement will be made without any deduction or withholding for or on account of any Tax unless such deduction or withholding is required by any applicable law, as modified by the practice of any relevant governmental revenue authority, then in effect. If a party is so required to deduct or withhold, then that party ("X") will:- (1) promptly notify the other party ("Y") of such requirement; (2) pay to the relevant authorities the full amount required to be deducted or withheld (including the full amount required to be deducted or withheld from any additional amount paid by X to Y under this Section 2(d)) promptly upon the earlier of determining that such deduction or withholding is required or receiving notice that such amount has been assessed against Y; (3) promptly forward to Y an official receipt (or a certified copy), or other documentation reasonably acceptable to Y, evidencing such payment to such authorities; and (4) if such Tax is an Indemnifiable Tax, pay to Y, in addition to the payment to which Y is otherwise entitled under this Agreement, such additional amount as is necessary to ensure that the net amount actually received by Y (free and clear of Indemnifiable Taxes, whether assessed against X or Y) will equal the full amount Y would have received had no such deduction or withholding been required. However, X will not be required to pay any additional amount to Y to the extent that it would not be required to be paid but for:- (A) the failure by Y to comply with or perform any agreement contained in Section 4(a)(i), 4(a)(iii) or 4(d); or (B) the failure of a representation made by Y pursuant to Section 3(f) to be accurate and true unless such failure would not have occurred but for (I) any action taken by a taxing authority, or brought in a court of competent jurisdiction, on or after the date on which a Transaction is entered into (regardless of whether such action is taken or brought with respect to a party to this Agreement) or (II) a Change in Tax Law. (ii) LIABILITY. If:- (1) X is required by any applicable law, as modified by the practice of any relevant governmental revenue authority, to make any deduction or withholding in respect of which X would not be required to pay an additional amount to Y under Section 2(d)(i)(4); (2) X does not so deduct or withhold; and (3) a liability resulting from such Tax is assessed directly against X, then, except to the extent Y has satisfied or then satisfies the liability resulting from such Tax, Y will promptly pay to X the amount of such liability (including any related liability for interest, but including any related liability for penalties only if Y has failed to comply with or perform any agreement contained in Section 4(a)(i), 4(a)(iii) or 4(d)). (e) DEFAULT INTEREST; OTHER AMOUNTS. Prior to the occurrence or effective designation of an Early Termination Date in respect of the relevant Transaction, a party that defaults in the performance of any payment obligation will, to the extent permitted by law and subject to Section 6(c), be required to pay interest (before as well as after judgment) on the overdue amount to the other party on demand in the same currency as such overdue amount, for the period from (and including) the original due date for payment to (but excluding) the date of actual payment, at the Default Rate. Such interest will be calculated on the basis of daily compounding and the actual number of days elapsed. If, prior to the occurrence or effective designation of an Early Termination Date in respect of the relevant Transaction, a party defaults in the performance of any obligation required to be settled by delivery, it will compensate the other party on demand if and to the extent provided for in the relevant Confirmation or elsewhere in this Agreement. 3. REPRESENTATIONS Each party represents to the other party (which representations will be deemed to be repeated by each party on each date on which a Transaction is entered into and, in the case of the representations in Section 3(f), at all times until the termination of this Agreement) that:- (a) BASIC REPRESENTATIONS. (i) STATUS. It is duly organised and validly existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organisation or incorporation and, if relevant under such laws, in good standing; (ii) POWERS. It has the power to execute this Agreement and any other documentation relating to this Agreement to which it is a party, to deliver this Agreement and any other documentation relating to this Agreement that it is required by this Agreement to deliver and to perform its obligations under this Agreement and any obligations it has under any Credit Support Document to which it is a party and has taken all necessary action to authorise such execution, delivery and performance; (iii) NO VIOLATION OR CONFLICT. Such execution, delivery and performance do not violate or conflict with any law applicable to it, any provision of its constitutional documents, any order or judgment of any court or other agency of government applicable to it or any of its assets or any contractual restriction binding on or affecting it or any of its assets; (iv) CONSENTS. All governmental and other consents that are required to have been obtained by it with respect to this Agreement or any Credit Support Document to which it is a party have been obtained and are in full force and effect and all conditions of any such consents have been complied with; and (v) OBLIGATIONS BINDING. Its obligations under this Agreement and any Credit Support Document to which it is a party constitute its legal, valid and binding obligations, enforceable in accordance with their respective terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, reorganisation, insolvency, moratorium or similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally and subject, as to enforceability, to equitable principles of general application (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding in equity or at law)). (b) ABSENCE OF CERTAIN EVENTS. No Event of Default or Potential Event of Default or, to its knowledge, Termination Event with respect to it has occurred and is continuing and no such event or circumstance would occur as a result of its entering into or performing its obligations under this Agreement or any Credit Support Document to which it is a party. (c) ABSENCE OF LITIGATION. There is not pending or, to its knowledge, threatened against it or any of its Affiliates any action, suit or proceeding at law or in equity or before any court, tribunal, governmental body, agency or official or any arbitrator that is likely to affect the legality, validity or enforceability against it of this Agreement or any Credit Support Document to which it is a party or its ability to perform its obligations under this Agreement or such Credit Support Document. (d) ACCURACY OF SPECIFIED INFORMATION. All applicable information that is furnished in writing by or on behalf of it to the other party and is identified for the purpose of this Section 3(d) in the Schedule is, as of the date of the information, true, accurate and complete in every material respect. (e) PAYER TAX REPRESENTATION. Each representation specified in the Schedule as being made by it for the purpose of this Section 3(e) is accurate and true. (f) PAYEE TAX REPRESENTATIONS. Each representation specified in the Schedule as being made by it for the purpose of this Section 3(f) is accurate and true. 4. AGREEMENTS Each party agrees with the other that, so long as either party has or may have any obligation under this Agreement or under any Credit Support Document to which it is a party:- (a) FURNISH SPECIFIED INFORMATION. It will deliver to the other party or, in certain cases under subparagraph (iii) below, to such government or taxing authority as the other party reasonably directs:- (i) any forms, documents or certificates relating to taxation specified in the Schedule or any Confirmation; (ii) any other documents specified in the Schedule or any Confirmation; and (iii) upon reasonable demand by such other party, any form or document that may be required or reasonably requested in writing in order to allow such other party or its Credit Support Provider to make a payment under this Agreement or any applicable Credit Support Document without any deduction or withholding for or on account of any Tax or with such deduction or withholding at a reduced rate (so long as the completion, execution or submission of such form or document would not materially prejudice the legal or commercial position of the party in receipt of such demand), with any such form or document to be accurate and completed in a manner reasonably satisfactory to such other party and to be executed and to be delivered with any reasonably required certification, in each case by the date specified in the Schedule or such Confirmation or, if none is specified, as soon as reasonably practicable. (b) MAINTAIN AUTHORISATIONS. It will use all reasonable efforts to maintain in full force and effect all consents of any governmental or other authority that are required to be obtained by it with respect to this Agreement or any Credit Support Document to which it is a party and will use all reasonable efforts to obtain any that may become necessary in the future. (c) COMPLY WITH LAWS. It will comply in all material respects with all applicable laws and orders to which it may be subject if failure so to comply would materially impair its ability to perform its obligations under this Agreement or any Credit Support Document to which it is a party. (d) TAX AGREEMENT. It will give notice of any failure of a representation made by it under Section 3(f) to be accurate and true promptly upon learning of such failure. (e) PAYMENT OF STAMP TAX. Subject to Section 11, it will pay any Stamp Tax levied or imposed upon it or in respect of its execution or performance of this Agreement by a jurisdiction in which it is incorporated, organised, managed and controlled, or considered to have its seat, or in which a branch or office through which it is acting for the purpose of this Agreement is located ("Stamp Tax Jurisdiction") and will indemnify the other party against any Stamp Tax levied or imposed upon the other party or in respect of the other party's execution or performance of this Agreement by any such Stamp Tax Jurisdiction which is not also a Stamp Tax Jurisdiction with respect to the other party. 5. EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND TERMINATION EVENTS (a) EVENTS OF DEFAULT. The occurrence at any time with respect to a party or, if applicable, any Credit Support Provider of such party or any Specified Entity of such party of any of the following events constitutes an event of default (an "Event of Default") with respect to such party:- (i) FAILURE TO PAY OR DELIVER. Failure by the party to make, when due, any payment under this Agreement or delivery under Section 2(a)(i) or 2(e) required to be made by it if such failure is not remedied on or before the third Local Business Day after notice of such failure is given to the party; (ii) BREACH OF AGREEMENT. Failure by the party to comply with or perform any agreement or obligation (other than an obligation to make any payment under this Agreement or delivery under Section 2(a)(i) or 2(e) or to give notice of a Termination Event or any agreement or obligation under Section 4(a)(i), 4(a)(iii) or 4(d)) to be complied with or performed by the party in accordance with this Agreement if such failure is not remedied on or before the thirtieth day after notice of such failure is given to the party; (iii) CREDIT SUPPORT DEFAULT. (1) Failure by the party or any Credit Support Provider of such party to comply with or perform any agreement or obligation to be complied with or performed by it in accordance with any Credit Support Document if such failure is continuing after any applicable grace period has elapsed; (2) the expiration or termination of such Credit Support Document or the failing or ceasing of such Credit Support Document to be in full force and effect for the purpose of this Agreement (in either case other than in accordance with its terms) prior to the satisfaction of all obligations of such party under each Transaction to which such Credit Support Document relates without the written consent of the other party; or (3) the party or such Credit Support Provider disaffirms, disclaims, repudiates or rejects, in whole or in part, or challenges the validity of, such Credit Support Document; (iv) MISREPRESENTATION. A representation (other than a representation under Section 3(e) or (f)) made or repeated or deemed to have been made or repeated by the party or any Credit Support Provider of such party in this Agreement or any Credit Support Document proves to have been incorrect or misleading in any material respect when made or repeated or deemed to have been made or repeated; (v) DEFAULT UNDER SPECIFIED TRANSACTION. The party, any Credit Support Provider of such party or any applicable Specified Entity of such party (1) defaults under a Specified Transaction and, after giving effect to any applicable notice requirement or grace period, there occurs a liquidation of, an acceleration of obligations under, or an early termination of, that Specified Transaction, (2) defaults, after giving effect to any applicable notice requirement or grace period, in making any payment or delivery due on the last payment, delivery or exchange date of, or any payment on early termination of, a Specified Transaction (or such default continues for at least three Local Business Days if there is no applicable notice requirement or grace period) or (3) disaffirms, disclaims, repudiates or rejects, in whole or in part, a Specified Transaction (or such action is taken by any person or entity appointed or empowered to operate it or act on its behalf); (vi) CROSS DEFAULT. If "Cross Default" is specified in the Schedule as applying to the party, the occurrence or existence of (1) a default, event of default or other similar condition or event (however described) in respect of such party, any Credit Support Provider of such party or any applicable Specified Entity of such party under one or more agreements or instruments relating to Specified Indebtedness of any of them (individually or collectively) in an aggregate amount of not less than the applicable Threshold Amount (as specified in the Schedule) which has resulted in such Specified Indebtedness becoming, or becoming capable at such time of being declared, due and payable under such agreements or instruments, before it would otherwise have been due and payable or (2) a default by such party, such Credit Support Provider or such Specified Entity (individually or collectively) in making one or more payments on the due date thereof in an aggregate amount of not less than the applicable Threshold Amount under such agreements or instruments (after giving effect to any applicable notice requirement or grace period); (vii) BANKRUPTCY. The party, any Credit Support Provider of such party or any applicable Specified Entity of such party:- (1) is dissolved (other than pursuant to a consolidation, amalgamation or merger); (2) becomes insolvent or is unable to pay its debts or fails or admits in writing its inability generally to pay its debts as they become due; (3) makes a general assignment, arrangement or composition with or for the benefit of its creditors; (4) institutes or has instituted against it a proceeding seeking a judgment of insolvency or bankruptcy or any other relief under any bankruptcy or insolvency law or other similar law affecting creditors' rights, or a petition is presented for its winding-up or liquidation, and, in the case of any such proceeding or petition instituted or presented against it, such proceeding or petition (A) results in a judgment of insolvency or bankruptcy or the entry of an order for relief or the making of an order for its winding-up or liquidation or (B) is not dismissed, discharged, stayed or restrained in each case within 30 days of the institution or presentation thereof; (5) has a resolution passed for its winding-up, official management or liquidation (other than pursuant to a consolidation, amalgamation or merger); (6) seeks or becomes subject to the appointment of an administrator, provisional liquidator, conservator, receiver, trustee, custodian or other similar of official for it or for all or substantially all its assets; (7) has a secured party take possession of all or substantially all its assets or has a distress, execution, attachment, sequestration or other legal process levied, enforced or sued on or against all or substantially all its assets and such secured party maintains possession, or any such process is not dismissed, discharged, stayed or restrained, in each case within 30 days thereafter; (8) causes or is subject to any event with respect to it which, under the applicable laws of any jurisdiction, has an analogous effect to any of the events specified in clauses (1) to (7) (inclusive); or (9) takes any action in furtherance of, or indicating its consent to, approval of, or acquiescence in, any of the foregoing acts; or (viii) MERGER WITHOUT ASSUMPTION. The party or any Credit Support Provider of such party consolidates or amalgamates with, or merges with or into, or transfers all or substantially all its assets to, another entity and, at the time of such consolidation, amalgamation, merger or transfer:- (1) the resulting, surviving or transferee entity fails to assume all the obligations of such party or such Credit Support Provider under this Agreement or any Credit Support Document to which it or its predecessor was a party by operation of law or pursuant to an agreement reasonably satisfactory to the other party to this Agreement; or (2) the benefits of any Credit Support Document fail to extend (without the consent of the other party) to the performance by such resulting, surviving or transferee entity of its obligations under this Agreement. (b) TERMINATION EVENTS. The occurrence at any time with respect to a party or, if applicable, any Credit Support Provider of such party or any Specified Entity of such party of any event specified below constitutes an Illegality if the event is specified in (i) below, a Tax Event if the event is specified in (ii) below or a Tax Event Upon Merger if the event is specified in (iii) below, and, if specified to be applicable, a Credit Event Upon Merger if the event is specified pursuant to (iv) below or an Additional Termination Event if the event is specified pursuant to (v) below:- (i) ILLEGALITY. Due to the adoption of, or any change in, any applicable law after the date on which a Transaction is entered into, or due to the promulgation of, or any change in, the interpretation by any court, tribunal or regulatory authority with competent jurisdiction of any applicable law after such date, it becomes unlawful (other than as a result of a breach by the party of Section 4(b)) for such party (which will be the Affected Party):- (1) to perform any absolute or contingent obligation to make a payment or delivery or to receive a payment or delivery in respect of such Transaction or to comply with any other material provision of this Agreement relating to such Transaction; or (2) to perform, or for any Credit Support Provider of such party to perform, any contingent or other obligation which the party (or such Credit Support Provider) has under any Credit Support Document relating to such Transaction; (ii) TAX EVENT. Due to (x) any action taken by a taxing authority, or brought in a court of competent jurisdiction, on or after the date on which a Transaction is entered into (regardless of whether such action is taken or brought with respect to a party to this Agreement) or (y) a Change in Tax Law, the party (which will be the Affected Party) will, or there is a substantial likelihood that it will, on the next succeeding Scheduled Payment Date (1) be required to pay to the other party an additional amount in respect of an Indemnifiable Tax under Section 2(d)(i)(4) (except in respect of interest under Section 2(e), 6(d)(ii) or 6(e)) or (2) receive a payment from which an amount is required to be deducted or withheld for or on account of a Tax (except in respect of interest under Section 2(e), 6(d)(ii) or 6(e)) and no additional amount is required to be paid in respect of such Tax under Section 2(d)(i)(4) (other than by reason of Section 2(d)(i)(4)(A) or (B)); (iii) TAX EVENT UPON MERGER. The party (the "Burdened Party") on the next succeeding Scheduled Payment Date will either (l) be required to pay an additional amount in respect of an Indemnifiable Tax under Section 2(d)(i)(4) (except in respect of interest under Section 2(e), 6(d)(ii) or 6(e)) or (2) receive a payment from which an amount has been deducted or withheld for or on account of any Indemnifiable Tax in respect of which the other party is not required to pay an additional amount (other than by reason of Section 2(d)(i)(4)(A) or (B)), in either case as a result of a party consolidating or amalgamating with, or merging with or into, or transferring all or substantially all its assets to, another entity (which will be the Affected Party) where such action does not constitute an event described in Section 5(a)(viii); (iv) CREDIT EVENT UPON MERGER. If "Credit Event Upon Merger" is specified in the Schedule as applying to the party, such party ("X"), any Credit Support Provider of X or any applicable Specified Entity of X consolidates or amalgamates with, or merges with or into, or transfers all or substantially all its assets to, another entity and such action does not constitute an event described in Section 5(a)(viii) but the creditworthiness of the resulting, surviving or transferee entity is materially weaker than that of X, such Credit Support Provider or such Specified Entity, as the case may be, immediately prior to such action (and, in such event, X or its successor or transferee, as appropriate, will be the Affected Party); or (v) ADDITIONAL TERMINATION EVENT. If any "Additional Termination Event" is specified in the Schedule or any Confirmation as applying, the occurrence of such event (and, in such event, the Affected Party or Affected Parties shall be as specified for such Additional Termination Event in the Schedule or such Confirmation). (c) EVENT OF DEFAULT AND ILLEGALITY. If an event or circumstance which would otherwise constitute or give rise to an Event of Default also constitutes an Illegality, it will be treated as an Illegality and will not constitute an Event of Default. 6. EARLY TERMINATION (a) RIGHT TO TERMINATE FOLLOWING EVENT OF DEFAULT. If at any time an Event of Default with respect to a party (the "Defaulting Party") has occurred and is then continuing, the other party (the "Non-defaulting Party") may, by not more than 20 days notice to the Defaulting Party specifying the relevant Event of Default, designate a day not earlier than the day such notice is effective as an Early Termination Date in respect of all outstanding Transactions. If, however, "Automatic Early Termination" is specified in the Schedule as applying to a party, then an Early Termination Date in respect of all outstanding Transactions will occur immediately upon the occurrence with respect to such party of an Event of Default specified in Section 5(a)(vii)(1), (3), (5), (6) or, to the extent analogous thereto, (8), and as of the time immediately preceding the institution of the relevant proceeding or the presentation of the relevant petition upon the occurrence with respect to such party of an Event of Default specified in Section 5(a)(vii)(4) or, to the extent analogous thereto, (8). (b) RIGHT TO TERMINATE FOLLOWING TERMINATION EVENT. (i) NOTICE. If a Termination Event occurs, an Affected Party will, promptly upon becoming aware of it, notify the other party, specifying the nature of that Termination Event and each Affected Transaction and will also give such other information about that Termination Event as the other party may reasonably require. (ii) TRANSFER TO AVOID TERMINATION EVENT. If either an Illegality under Section 5(b)(i)(1) or a Tax Event occurs and there is only one Affected Party, or if a Tax Event Upon Merger occurs and the Burdened Party is the Affected Party, the Affected Party will, as a condition to its right to designate an Early Termination Date under Section 6(b)(iv), use all reasonable efforts (which will not require such party to incur a loss, excluding immaterial, incidental expenses) to transfer within 20 days after it gives notice under Section 6(b)(i) all its rights and obligations under this Agreement in respect of the Affected Transactions to another of its Offices or Affiliates so that such Termination Event ceases to exist. If the Affected Party is not able to make such a transfer it will give notice to the other party to that effect within such 20 day period, whereupon the other party may effect such a transfer within 30 days after the notice is given under Section 6(b)(i). Any such transfer by a party under this Section 6(b)(ii) will be subject to and conditional upon the prior written consent of the other party, which consent will not be withheld if such other party's policies in effect at such time would permit it to enter into transactions with the transferee on the terms proposed. (iii) TWO AFFECTED PARTIES. If an Illegality under Section 5(b)(i)(1) or a Tax Event occurs and there are two Affected Parties, each party will use all reasonable efforts to reach agreement within 30 days after notice thereof is given under Section 6(b)(i) on action to avoid that Termination Event. (iv) RIGHT TO TERMINATE. If:- (l) a transfer under Section 6(b)(ii) or an agreement under Section 6(b)(iii), as the case may be, has not been effected with respect to all Affected Transactions within 30 days after an Affected Party gives notice under Section 6(b)(i); or (2) an Illegality under Section 5(b)(i)(2), a Credit Event Upon Merger or an Additional Termination Event occurs, or a Tax Event Upon Merger occurs and the Burdened Party is not the Affected Party, either party in the case of an Illegality, the Burdened Party in the case of a Tax Event Upon Merger, any Affected Party in the case of a Tax Event or an Additional Termination Event if there is more than one Affected Party, or the party which is not the Affected Party in the case of a Credit Event Upon Merger or an Additional Termination Event if there is only one Affected Party may, by not more than 20 days notice to the other party and provided that the relevant Termination Event is then continuing, designate a day not earlier than the day such notice is effective as an Early Termination Date in respect of all Affected Transactions. (c) EFFECT OF DESIGNATION. (i) If notice designating an Early Termination Date is given under Section 6(a) or (b), the Early Termination Date will occur on the date so designated, whether or not the relevant Event of Default or Termination Event is then continuing. (ii) Upon the occurrence or effective designation of an Early Termination Date, no further payments or deliveries under Section 2(a)(i) or 2(e) in respect of the Terminated Transactions will be required to be made, but without prejudice to the other provisions of this Agreement. The amount, if any, payable in respect of an Early Termination Date shall be determined pursuant to Section 6(e). (d) CALCULATIONS. (i) STATEMENT. On or as soon as reasonably practicable following the occurrence of an Early Termination Date, each party will make the calculations on its part, if any, contemplated by Section 6(e) and will provide to the other party a statement (1) showing, in reasonable detail, such calculations (including all relevant quotations and specifying any amount payable under Section 6(e)) and (2) giving details of the relevant account to which any amount payable to it is to be paid. In the absence of written confirmation from the source of a quotation obtained in determining a Market Quotation, the records of the party obtaining such quotation will be conclusive evidence of the existence and accuracy of such quotation. (ii) PAYMENT DATE. An amount calculated as being due in respect of any Early Termination Date under Section 6(e) will be payable on the day that notice of the amount payable is effective (in the case of an Early Termination Date which is designated or occurs as a result of an Event of Default) and on the day which is two Local Business Days after the day on which notice of the amount payable is effective (in the case of an Early Termination Date which is designated as a result of a Termination Event). Such amount will be paid together with (to the extent permitted under applicable law) interest thereon (before as well as after judgment) in the Termination Currency, from (and including) the relevant Early Termination Date to (but excluding) the date such amount is paid, at the Applicable Rate. Such interest will be calculated on the basis of daily compounding and the actual number of days elapsed. (e) PAYMENTS ON EARLY TERMINATION. If an Early Termination Date occurs, the following provisions shall apply based on the parties' election in the Schedule of a payment measure, either "Market Quotation" or "Loss", and a payment method, either the "First Method" or the "Second Method". If the parties fail to designate a payment measure or payment method in the Schedule, it will be deemed that 'Market Quotation" or the "Second Method", as the case may be, shall apply. The amount, if any, payable in respect of an Early Termination Date and determined pursuant to this Section will be subject to any Set-off. (i) EVENTS OF DEFAULT. If the Early Termination Date results from an Event of Default:- (1) FIRST METHOD AND MARKET QUOTATION. If the First Method and Market Quotation apply, the Defaulting Party will pay to the Non-defaulting Party the excess, if a positive number, of (A) the sum of the Settlement Amount (determined by the Non-defaulting Party) in respect of the Terminated Transactions and the Termination Currency Equivalent of the Unpaid Amounts owing to the Non-defaulting Party over (B) the Termination Currency Equivalent of the Unpaid Amounts owing to the Defaulting Party. (2) FIRST METHOD AND LOSS. If the First Method and Loss apply, the Defaulting Party will pay to the Non-defaulting Party, if a positive number, the Non-defaulting Party's Loss in respect of this Agreement. (3) SECOND METHOD AND MARKET QUOTATION. If the Second Method and Market Quotation apply, an amount will be payable equal to (A) the sum of the Settlement Amount (determined by the Non-defaulting Party) in respect of the Terminated Transactions and the Termination Currency Equivalent of the Unpaid Amounts owing to the Non-defaulting Party less (B) the Termination Currency Equivalent of the Unpaid Amounts owing to the Defaulting Party. If that amount is a positive number, the Defaulting Party will pay it to the Non-defaulting Party; if it is a negative number, the Non-defaulting Party will pay the absolute value of that amount to the Defaulting Party. (4) SECOND METHOD AND LOSS. If the Second Method and Loss apply, an amount will be payable equal to the Non-defaulting Party's Loss in respect of this Agreement. If that amount is a positive number, the Defaulting Party will pay it to the Non-defaulting Party; if it is a negative number, the Non-defaulting Party will pay the absolute value of that amount to the Defaulting Party. (ii) TERMINATION EVENTS. If the Early Termination Date results from a Termination Event:- (1) ONE AFFECTED PARTY. If there is one Affected Party, the amount payable will be determined in accordance with Section 6(e)(i)(3), if Market Quotation applies, or Section 6(e)(i)(4), if Loss applies, except that, in either case, references to the Defaulting Party and to the Non-defaulting Party will be deemed to be references to the Affected Party and the party which is not the Affected Party, respectively, and, if Loss applies and fewer than all the Transactions are being terminated, Loss shall be calculated in respect of all Terminated Transactions. (2) TWO AFFECTED PARTIES. If there are two Affected Parties:- (A) if Market Quotation applies, each party will determine a Settlement Amount in respect of the Terminated Transactions, and an amount will be payable equal to (I) the sum of (a) one-half of the difference between the Settlement Amount of the party with the higher Settlement Amount ("X") and the Settlement Amount of the party with the lower Settlement Amount ("Y") and (b) the Termination Currency Equivalent of the Unpaid Amounts owing to X less (II) the Termination Currency Equivalent of the Unpaid Amounts owing to Y; and (B) if Loss applies, each party will determine its Loss in respect of this Agreement (or, if fewer than all the Transactions are being terminated, in respect of all Terminated Transactions) and an amount will be payable equal to one-half of the difference between the Loss of the party with the higher Loss ("X") and the Loss of the party with the lower Loss ("Y"). If the amount payable is a positive number, Y will pay it to X; if it is a negative number, X will pay the absolute value of that amount to Y. (iii) ADJUSTMENT FOR BANKRUPTCY. In circumstances where an Early Termination Date occurs because "Automatic Early Termination" applies in respect of a party, the amount determined under this Section 6(e) will be subject to such adjustments as are appropriate and permitted by law to reflect any payments or deliveries made by one party to the other under this Agreement (and retained by such other party) during the period from the relevant Early Termination Date to the date for payment determined under Section 6(d)(ii). (iv) PRE-ESTIMATE. The parties agree that if Market Quotation applies an amount recoverable under this Section 6(e) is a reasonable pre-estimate of loss and not a penalty. Such amount is payable for the loss of bargain and the loss of protection against future risks and except as otherwise provided in this Agreement neither party will be entitled to recover any additional damages as a consequence of such losses. 7. TRANSFER Subject to Section 6(b)(ii), neither this Agreement nor any interest or obligation in or under this Agreement may be transferred (whether by way of security or otherwise) by either party without the prior written consent of the other party, except that:- (a) a party may make such a transfer of this Agreement pursuant to a consolidation or amalgamation with, or merger with or into, or transfer of all or substantially all its assets to, another entity (but without prejudice to any other right or remedy under this Agreement); and (b) a party may make such a transfer of all or any part of its interest in any amount payable to it from a Defaulting Party under Section 6(e). Any purported transfer that is not in compliance with this Section will be void. 8. CONTRACTUAL CURRENCY (a) PAYMENT IN THE CONTRACTUAL CURRENCY. Each payment under this Agreement will be made in the relevant currency specified in this Agreement for that payment (the "Contractual Currency"). To the extent permitted by applicable law, any obligation to make payments under this Agreement in the Contractual Currency will not be discharged or satisfied by any tender in any currency other than the Contractual Currency, except to the extent such tender results in the actual receipt by the party to which payment is owed, acting in a reasonable manner and in good faith in converting the currency so tendered into the Contractual Currency, of the full amount in the Contractual Currency of all amounts payable in respect of this Agreement. If for any reason the amount in the Contractual Currency so received falls short of the amount in the Contractual Currency payable in respect of this Agreement, the party required to make the payment will, to the extent permitted by applicable law, immediately pay such additional amount in the Contractual Currency as may be necessary to compensate for the shortfall. If for any reason the amount in the Contractual Currency so received exceeds the amount in the Contractual Currency payable in respect of this Agreement, the party receiving the payment will refund promptly the amount of such excess. (b) JUDGMENTS. To the extent permitted by applicable law, if any judgment or order expressed in a currency other than the Contractual Currency is rendered (i) for the payment of any amount owing in respect of this Agreement, (ii) for the payment of any amount relating to any early termination in respect of this Agreement or (iii) in respect of a judgment or order of another court for the payment of any amount described in (i) or (ii) above, the party seeking recovery, after recovery in full of the aggregate amount to which such party is entitled pursuant to the judgment or order, will be entitled to receive immediately from the other party the amount of any shortfall of the Contractual Currency received by such party as a consequence of sums paid in such other currency and will refund promptly to the other party any excess of the Contractual Currency received by such party as a consequence of sums paid in such other currency if such shortfall or such excess arises or results from any variation between the rate of exchange at which the Contractual Currency is converted into the currency of the judgment or order for the purposes of such judgment or order and the rate of exchange at which such party is able, acting in a reasonable manner and in good faith in converting the currency received into the Contractual Currency, to purchase the Contractual Currency with the amount of the currency of the judgment or order actually received by such party. The term "rate of exchange" includes, without limitation, any premiums and costs of exchange payable in connection with the purchase of or conversion into the Contractual Currency. (c) SEPARATE INDEMNITIES. To the extent permitted by applicable law, these indemnities constitute separate and independent obligations from the other obligations in this Agreement, will be enforceable as separate and independent causes of action, will apply notwithstanding any indulgence granted by the party to which any payment is owed and will not be affected by judgment being obtained or claim or proof being made for any other sums payable in respect of this Agreement. (d) EVIDENCE OF LOSS. For the purpose of this Section 8, it will be sufficient for a party to demonstrate that it would have suffered a loss had an actual exchange or purchase been made. 9. MISCELLANEOUS (a) ENTIRE AGREEMENT. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement and understanding of the parties with respect to its subject matter and supersedes all oral communication and prior writings with respect thereto. (b) AMENDMENTS. No amendment, modification or waiver in respect of this Agreement will be effective unless in writing (including a writing evidenced by a facsimile transmission) and executed by each of the parties or confirmed by an exchange of telexes or electronic messages on an electronic messaging system. (c) SURVIVAL OF OBLIGATIONS. Without prejudice to Sections 2(a)(iii) and 6(c)(ii), the obligations of the parties under this Agreement will survive the termination of any Transaction. (d) REMEDIES CUMULATIVE. Except as provided in this Agreement, the rights, powers, remedies and privileges provided in this Agreement are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights, powers, remedies and privileges provided by law. (e) COUNTERPARTS AND CONFIRMATIONS. (i) This Agreement (and each amendment, modification and waiver in respect of it) may be executed and delivered in counterparts (including by facsimile transmission), each of which will be deemed an original. (ii) The parties intend that they are legally bound by the terms of each Transaction from the moment they agree to those terms (whether orally or otherwise). A Confirmation shall be entered into as soon as practicable and may be executed and delivered in counterparts (including by facsimile transmission) or be created by an exchange of telexes or by an exchange of electronic messages on an electronic messaging system, which in each case will be sufficient for all purposes to evidence a binding supplement to this Agreement. The parties will specify therein or through another effective means that any such counterpart, telex or electronic message constitutes a Confirmation. (f) NO WAIVER OF RIGHTS. A failure or delay in exercising any right, power or privilege in respect of this Agreement will not be presumed to operate as a waiver, and a single or partial exercise of any right, power or privilege will not be presumed to preclude any subsequent or further exercise, of that right, power or privilege or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. (g) HEADINGS. The headings used in this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and are not to affect the construction of or to be taken into consideration in interpreting this Agreement. 10. OFFICES; MULTIBRANCH PARTIES (a) If Section 10(a) is specified in the Schedule as applying, each party that enters into a Transaction through an Office other than its head or home office represents to the other party that, notwithstanding the place of booking office or jurisdiction of incorporation or organisation of such party, the obligations of such party are the same as if it had entered into the Transaction through its head or home office. This representation will be deemed to be repeated by such party on each date on which a Transaction is entered into. (b) Neither party may change the Office through which it makes and receives payments or deliveries for the purpose of a Transaction without the prior written consent of the other party. (c) If a party is specified as a Multibranch Party in the Schedule, such Multibranch Party may make and receive payments or deliveries under any Transaction through any Office listed in the Schedule, and the Office through which it makes and receives payments or deliveries with respect to a Transaction will be specified in the relevant Confirmation. 11. EXPENSES A Defaulting Party will, on demand, indemnify and hold harmless the other party for and against all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, including legal fees and Stamp Tax, incurred by such other party by reason of the enforcement and protection of its rights under this Agreement or any Credit Support Document to which the Defaulting Party is a party or by reason of the early termination of any Transaction, including, but not limited to, costs of collection. 12. NOTICES (a) EFFECTIVENESS. Any notice or other communication in respect of this Agreement may be given in any manner set forth below (except that a notice or other communication under Section 5 or 6 may not be given by facsimile transmission or electronic messaging system) to the address or number or in accordance with the electronic messaging system details provided (see the Schedule) and will be deemed effective as indicated:- (i) if in writing and delivered in person or by courier, on the date it is delivered; (ii) if sent by telex, on the date the recipient's answerback is received; (iii) if sent by facsimile transmission, on the date that transmission is received by a responsible employee of the recipient in legible form (it being agreed that the burden of proving receipt will be on the sender and will not be met by a transmission report generated by the sender's facsimile machine); (iv) if sent by certified or registered mail (airrnail, if overseas) or the equivalent (return receipt requested), on the date that mail is delivered or its delivery is attempted; or (v) if sent by electronic messaging system, on the date that electronic message is received, unless the date of that delivery (or attempted delivery) or that receipt, as applicable, is not a Local Business Day or that communication is delivered (or attempted) or received, as applicable, after the close of business on a Local Business Day, in which case that communication shall be deemed given and effective on the first following day that is a Local Business Day. (b) CHANGE OF ADDRESSES. Either party may by notice to the other change the address, telex or facsimile number or electronic messaging system details at which notices or other communications are to be given to it. 13. GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION (a) GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement will be governed by and construed in accordance with the law specified in the Schedule. (b) JURISDICTION. With respect to any suit, action or proceedings relating to this Agreement ("Proceedings"), each party irrevocably:- (i) submits to the jurisdiction of the English courts, if this Agreement is expressed to be governed by English law, or to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the State of New York and the United States District Court located in the Borough of Manhattan in New York City, if this Agreement is expressed to be governed by the laws of the State of New York; and (ii) waives any objection which it may have at any time to the laying of venue of any Proceedings brought in any such court, waives any claim that such Proceedings have been brought in an inconvenient forum and further waives the right to object, with respect to such Proceedings, that such court does not have any jurisdiction over such party. Nothing in this Agreement precludes either party from bringing Proceedings in any other jurisdiction (outside, if this Agreement is expressed to be governed by English law, the Contracting States, as defined in Section 1(3) of the Civil Jurisdiction and Judgments Act 1982 or any modification, extension or re-enactment thereof for the time being in force) nor will the bringing of Proceedings in any one or more jurisdictions preclude the bringing of Proceedings in any other jurisdiction. (c) SERVICE OF PROCESS. Each party irrevocably appoints the Process Agent (if any) specified opposite its name in the Schedule to receive, for it and on its behalf, service of process in any Proceedings. If for any reason any party's Process Agent is unable to act as such, such party will promptly notify the other party and within 30 days appoint a substitute process agent acceptable to the other party. The parties irrevocably consent to service of process given in the manner provided for notices in Section 12. Nothing in this Agreement will affect the right of either party to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. (d) WAIVER OF IMMUNITIES. Each party irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, with respect to itself and its revenues and assets (irrespective of their use or intended use), all immunity on the grounds of sovereignty or other similar grounds from (i) suit, (ii) jurisdiction of any court, (iii) relief by way of injunction, order for specific performance or for recovery of property, (iv) attachment of its assets (whether before or after judgment) and (v) execution or enforcement of any judgment to which it or its revenues or assets might otherwise be entitled in any Proceedings in the courts of any jurisdiction and irrevocably agrees, to the extent permitted by applicable law, that it will not claim any such immunity in any Proceedings. 14. DEFINITIONS As used in this Agreement:- "ADDITIONAL TERMINATION EVENT" has the meaning specified in Section 5(b). "AFFECTED PARTY" has the meaning specified in Section 5(b). "AFFECTED TRANSACTIONS" means (a) with respect to any Termination Event consisting of an Illegality, Tax Event or Tax Event Upon Merger, all Transactions affected by the occurrence of such Termination Event and (b) with respect to any other Termination Event, all Transactions. "AFFILIATE" means, subject to the Schedule, in relation to any person, any entity controlled, directly or indirectly, by the person, any entity that controls, directly or indirectly, the person or any entity directly or indirectly under common control with the person. For this purpose, "control" of any entity or person means ownership of a majority of the voting power of the entity or person. "APPLICABLE RATE" means:- (a) in respect of obligations payable or deliverable (or which would have been but for Section 2(a)(iii)) by a Defaulting Party, the Default Rate; (b) in respect of an obligation to pay an amount under Section 6(e) of either party from and after the date (determined in accordance with Section 6(d)(ii)) on which that amount is payable, the Default Rate; (c) in respect of all other obligations payable or deliverable (or which would have been but for Section 2(a)(iii)) by a Non-defaulting Party, the Non-default Rate; and (d) in all other cases, the Termination Rate. "BURDENED PARTY" has the meaning specified in Section 5(b). "CHANGE IN TAX LAW" means the enactment, promulgation, execution or ratification of, or any change in or amendment to, any law (or in the application or official interpretation of any law) that occurs on or after the date on which the relevant Transaction is entered into. "CONSENT" includes a consent, approval, action, authorisation, exemption, notice, filing, registration or exchange control consent. "CREDIT EVENT UPON MERGER" has the meaning specified in Section 5(b). "CREDIT SUPPORT DOCUMENT" means any agreement or instrument that is specified as such in this Agreement. "CREDIT SUPPORT PROVIDER" has the meaning specified in the Schedule. "DEFAULT RATE" means a rate per annum equal to the cost (without proof or evidence of any actual cost) to the relevant payee (as certified by it) if it were to fund or of funding the relevant amount plus 1% per annum. "DEFAULTING PARTY" has the meaning specified in Section 6(a). "EARLY TERMINATION DATE" means the date determined in accordance with Section 6(a) or 6(b)(iv). "EVENT OF DEFAULT" has the meaning specified in Section 5(a) and, if applicable, in the Schedule. "ILLEGALITY" has the meaning specified in Section 5(b). "INDEMNIFIABLE TAX" means any Tax other than a Tax that would not be imposed in respect of a payment under this Agreement but for a present or former connection between the jurisdiction of the government or taxation authority imposing such Tax and the recipient of such payment or a person related to such recipient (including, without limitation, a connection arising from such recipient or related person being or having been a citizen or resident of such jurisdiction, or being or having been organised, present or engaged in a trade or business in such jurisdiction, or having or having had a permanent establishment or fixed place of business in such jurisdiction, but excluding a connection arising solely from such recipient or related person having executed, delivered, performed its obligations or received a payment under, or enforced, this Agreement or a Credit Support Document). "LAW" includes any treaty, law, rule or regulation (as modified, in the case of tax matters, by the practice of any relevant governmental revenue authority) and "LAWFUL" and "UNLAWFUL" will be construed accordingly. "LOCAL BUSINESS DAY" means, subject to the Schedule, a day on which commercial banks are open for business (including dealings in foreign exchange and foreign currency deposits) (a) in relation to any obligation under Section 2(a)(i), in the place(s) specified in the relevant Confirmation or, if not so specified, as otherwise agreed by the parties in writing or determined pursuant to provisions contained, or incorporated by reference, in this Agreement, (b) in relation to any other payment, in the place where the relevant account is located and, if different, in the principal financial centre, if any, of the currency of such payment, (c) in relation to any notice or other communication, including notice contemplated under Section 5(a)(i), in the city specified in the address for notice provided by the recipient and, in the case of a notice contemplated by Section 2(b), in the place where the relevant new account is to be located and (d) in relation to Section 5(a)(v)(2), in the relevant locations for performance with respect to such Specified Transaction. "LOSS" means, with respect to this Agreement or one or more Terminated Transactions, as the case may be, and a party, the Termination Currency Equivalent of an amount that party reasonably determines in good faith to be its total losses and costs (or gain, in which case expressed as a negative number) in connection with this Agreement or that Terminated Transaction or group of Terminated Transactions, as the case may be, including any loss of bargain, cost of funding or, at the election of such party but without duplication, loss or cost incurred as a result of its terminating, liquidating, obtaining or reestablishing any hedge or related trading position (or any gain resulting from any of them). Loss includes losses and costs (or gains) in respect of any payment or delivery required to have been made (assuming satisfaction of each applicable condition precedent) on or before the relevant Early Termination Date and not made, except, so as to avoid duplication, if Section 6(e)(i)(1) or (3) or 6(e)(ii)(2)(A) applies. Loss does not include a party's legal fees and out-of-pocket expenses referred to under Section 11. A party will determine its Loss as of the relevant Early Termination Date, or, if that is not reasonably practicable, as of the earliest date thereafter as is reasonably practicable. A party may (but need not) determine its Loss by reference to quotations of relevant rates or prices from one or more leading dealers in the relevant markets. "MARKET QUOTATION" means, with respect to one or more Terminated Transactions and a party making the determination, an amount determined on the basis of quotations from Reference Market-makers. Each quotation will be for an amount, if any, that would be paid to such party (expressed as a negative number) or by such party (expressed as a positive number) in consideration of an agreement between such party (taking into account any existing Credit Support Document with respect to the obligations of such party) and the quoting Reference Market-maker to enter into a transaction (the "Replacement Transaction") that would have the effect of preserving for such party the economic equivalent of any payment or delivery (whether the underlying obligation was absolute or contingent and assuming the satisfaction of each applicable condition precedent) by the parties under Section 2(a)(i) in respect of such Terminated Transaction or group of Terminated Transactions that would, but for the occurrence of the relevant Early Termination Date, have been required after that date. For this purpose, Unpaid Amounts in respect of the Terminated Transaction or group of Terminated Transactions are to be excluded but, without limitation, any payment or delivery that would, but for the relevant Early Termination Date, have been required (assuming satisfaction of each applicable condition precedent) after that Early Termination Date is to be included. The Replacement Transaction would be subject to such documentation as such party and the Reference Market-maker may, in good faith, agree. The party making the determination (or its agent) will request each Reference Market-maker to provide its quotation to the extent reasonably practicable as of the same day and time (without regard to different time zones) on or as soon as reasonably practicable after the relevant Early Termination Date. The day and time as of which those quotations are to be obtained will be selected in good faith by the party obliged to make a determination under Section 6(e), and, if each party is so obliged, after consultation with the other. If more than three quotations are provided, the Market Quotation will be the arithmetic mean of the quotations, without regard to the quotations having the highest and lowest values. If exactly three such quotations are provided, the Market Quotation will be the quotation remaining after disregarding the highest and lowest quotations. For this purpose, if more than one quotation has the same highest value or lowest value, then one of such quotations shall be disregarded. If fewer than three quotations are provided, it will be deemed that the Market Quotation in respect of such Terminated Transaction or group of Terminated Transactions cannot be determined. "NON-DEFAULT RATE" means a rate per annum equal to the cost (without proof or evidence of any actual cost) to the Non-defaulting Party (as certified by it) if it were to fund the relevant amount. "NON-DEFAULTING PARTY" has the meaning specified in Section 6(a). "OFFICE" means a branch or office of a party, which may be such party's head or home office. "POTENTIAL EVENT OF DEFAULT" means any event which, with the giving of notice or the lapse of time or both, would constitute an Event of Default. "REFERENCE MARKET-MAKERS" means four leading dealers in the relevant market selected by the party determining a Market Quotation in good faith (a) from among dealers of the highest credit standing which satisfy all the criteria that such party applies generally at the time in deciding whether to offer or to make an extension of credit and (b) to the extent practicable, from among such dealers having an office in the same city. "RELEVANT JURISDICTION" means, with respect to a party, the jurisdictions (a) in which the party is incorporated, organised, managed and controlled or considered to have its seat, (b) where an Office through which the party is acting for purposes of this Agreement is located, (c) in which the party executes this Agreement and (d) in relation to any payment, from or through which such payment is made. "SCHEDULED PAYMENT DATE" means a date on which a payment or delivery is to be made under Section 2(a)(i) with respect to a Transaction. "SET-OFF" means set-off, offset, combination of accounts, right of retention or withholding or similar right or requirement to which the payer of an amount under Section 6 is entitled or subject (whether arising under this Agreement, another contract, applicable law or otherwise) that is exercised by, or imposed on, such payer. "SETTLEMENT AMOUNT" means, with respect to a party and any Early Termination Date, the sum of:- (a) the Termination Currency Equivalent of the Market Quotations (whether positive or negative) for each Terminated Transaction or group of Terminated Transactions for which a Market Quotation is determined; and (b) such party's Loss (whether positive or negative and without reference to any Unpaid Amounts) for each Terminated Transaction or group of Terminated Transactions for which a Market Quotation cannot be determined or would not (in the reasonable belief of the party making the determination) produce a commercially reasonable result. "SPECIFIED ENTITY" has the meaning specified in the Schedule. "SPECIFIED INDEBTEDNESS" means, subject to the Schedule, any obligation (whether present or future, contingent or otherwise, as principal or surety or otherwise) in respect of borrowed money. "SPECIFIED TRANSACTION" means, subject to the Schedule, (a) any transaction (including an agreement with respect thereto) now existing or hereafter entered into between one party to this Agreement (or any Credit Support Provider of such party or any applicable Specified Entity of such party) and the other party to this Agreement (or any Credit Support Provider of such other party or any applicable Specified Entity of such other party) which is a rate swap transaction, basis swap, forward rate transaction, commodity swap, commodity option, equity or equity index swap, equity or equity index option, bond option, interest rate option, foreign exchange transaction, cap transaction, floor transaction, collar transaction, currency swap transaction, cross-currency rate swap transaction, currency option or any other similar transaction (including any option with respect to any of these transactions), (b) any combination of these transactions and (c) any other transaction identified as a Specified Transaction in this Agreement or the relevant confirmation. "STAMP TAX" means any stamp, registration, documentation or similar tax. "TAX" means any present or future tax, levy, impost, duty, charge, assessment or fee of any nature (including interest, penalties and additions thereto) that is imposed by any government or other taxing authority in respect of any payment under this Agreement other than a stamp, registration, documentation or similar tax. "TAX EVENT" has the meaning specified in Section 5(b). "TAX EVENT UPON MERGER" has the meaning specified in Section 5(b). "TERMINATED TRANSACTIONS" means with respect to any Early Termination Date (a) if resulting from a Termination Event, all Affected Transactions and (b) if resulting from an Event of Default, all Transactions (in either case) in effect immediately before the effectiveness of the notice designating that Early Termination Date (or, if "Automatic Early Termination" applies, immediately before that Early Termination Date). "TERMINATION CURRENCY" has the meaning specified in the Schedule. "TERMINATION CURRENCY EQUIVALENT" means, in respect of any amount denominated in the Termination Currency, such Termination Currency amount and, in respect of any amount denominated in a currency other than the Termination Currency (the "Other Currency"), the amount in the Termination Currency determined by the party making the relevant determination as being required to purchase such amount of such Other Currency as at the relevant Early Termination Date, or, if the relevant Market Quotation or Loss (as the case may be), is determined as of a later date, that later date, with the Termination Currency at the rate equal to the spot exchange rate of the foreign exchange agent (selected as provided below) for the purchase of such Other Currency with the Termination Currency at or about 11:00 a.m. (in the city in which such foreign exchange agent is located) on such date as would be customary for the determination of such a rate for the purchase of such Other Currency for value on the relevant Early Termination Date or that later date. The foreign exchange agent will, if only one party is obliged to make a determination under Section 6(e), be selected in good faith by that party and otherwise will be agreed by the parties. "TERMINATION EVENT" means an Illegality, a Tax Event or a Tax Event Upon Merger or, if specified to be applicable, a Credit Event Upon Merger or an Additional Termination Event. "TERMINATION RATE" means a rate per annum equal to the arithmetic mean of the cost (without proof or evidence of any actual cost) to each party (as certified by such party) if it were to fund or of funding such amounts. "UNPAID AMOUNTS" owing to any party means, with respect to an Early Termination Date, the aggregate of (a) in respect of all Terminated Transactions, the amounts that became payable (or that would have become payable but for Section 2(a)(iii)) to such party under Section 2(a)(i) on or prior to such Early Termination Date and which remain unpaid as at such Early Termination Date and (b) in respect of each Terminated Transaction, for each obligation under Section 2(a)(i) which was (or would have been but for Section 2(a)(iii)) required to be settled by delivery to such party on or prior to such Early Termination Date and which has not been so settled as at such Early Termination Date, an amount equal to the fair market value of that which was (or would have been) required to be delivered as of the originally scheduled date for delivery, in each case together with (to the extent permitted under applicable law) interest, in the currency of such amounts, from (and including) the date such amounts or obligations were or would have been required to have been paid or performed to (but excluding) such Early Termination Date, at the Applicable Rate. Such amounts of interest will be calculated on the basis of daily compounding and the actual number of days elapsed. The fair market value of any obligation referred to in clause (b) above shall be reasonably determined by the party obliged to make the determination under Section 6(e) or, if each party is so obliged, it shall be the average of the Termination Currency Equivalents of the fair market values reasonably determined by both parties. IN WITNESS WHEREOF the parties have executed this document on the respective dates specified below with effect from the date specified on the first page of this document. CALYON NEW YORK BRANCH ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP Authorized Signature: Authorized Signature: By: /s/ IAN CHEUNG By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS -------------------- --------------------------------- Name: Ian Cheung Name: David A. Brooks Title: Director Title: Vice President Date: October 6, 2004 Date: By: /s/ SIMON EEDLE ------------------------ Name: Simon Eedle Title: Managing Director & Treasurer Date: October 6, 2004 EX-10.19.1 13 d20035exv10w19w1.txt INTERNATIONAL SWAP DEALERS ASSOCIATION, INC. MASTER AGREEMENT EXHIBIT 10.19.1 (MULTICURRENCY -- CROSS BORDER) ISDA(R) INTERNATIONAL SWAP DEALERS ASSOCIATION, INC. MASTER AGREEMENT dated as of September 2, 2004 SMBC DERIVATIVE PRODUCTS LIMITED AND ASHFORD AUSTIN LP, ASHFORD BLOOMINGTON ("PARTY A") LP, ASHFORD BUENA VISTA LP, ASHFORD BUFORD I LP, ASHFORD BUFORD II LP, ASHFORD COLUMBUS LP,.ASHFORD DALLAS LP, ASHFORD DAYTON LP, ASHFORD DULLES LP, ASHFORD EVANSVILLE I LP, ASHFORD EVANSVILLE II LP, ASHFORD EVANSVILLE III LP, ASHFORD FLAGSTAFF LP, ASHFORD HOLTSVILLE LP, ASHFORD HORSE CAVE LP, ASHFORD JACKSONVILLE II LP, ASHFORD LAS VEGAS LP, ASHFORD LOUISVILLE LP, ASHFORD MOBILE LP, ASHFORD PHOENIX LP, ASHFORD PRINCETON LP, ASHFORD SYRACUSE LP, ASHFORD TERRE HAUTE LP, ASHFORD TIPTON LAKES LP AND ASHFORD BUCKS COUNTY LLC (INDIVIDUALLY AND COLLECTIVELY, "PARTY B") have entered and/or anticipate entering into one or more transactions (each a "Transaction") that are or will be governed by this Master Agreement, which includes the schedule (the "Schedule"), and the documents and other confirming evidence (each a "Confirmation") exchanged between the parties confirming those Transactions. Accordingly, the parties agree as follows: -- 1. INTERPRETATION (a) DEFINITIONS. The terms defined in Section 14 and in the Schedule will have the meanings therein specified for the purpose of this Master Agreement. (b) INCONSISTENCY. In the event of any inconsistency between the provisions of the Schedule and the other provisions of this Master Agreement, the Schedule will prevail. In the event of any inconsistency between the provisions of any Confirmation and this Master Agreement (including the Schedule), such Confirmation will prevail for the purpose of the relevant Transaction. (c) SINGLE AGREEMENT. All Transactions are entered into in reliance on the fact that this Master Agreement and all Confirmations form a single agreement between the parties (collectively referred to as this "Agreement"), and the parties would not otherwise enter into any Transactions. 2. OBLIGATIONS (a) GENERAL CONDITIONS. (i) Each party will make each payment or delivery specified in each Confirmation to be made by it, subject to the other provisions of this Agreement. (ii) Payments under this Agreement will be made on the due date for value on that date in the place of the account specified in the relevant Confirmation or otherwise pursuant to this Agreement, in freely transferable funds and in the manner customary for payments in the required currency. Where settlement is by delivery (that is, other than by payment), such delivery will be made for receipt on the due date in the manner customary for the relevant obligation unless otherwise specified in the relevant Confirmation or elsewhere in this Agreement. (iii) Each obligation of each party under Section 2(a)(i) is subject to (1) the condition precedent that no Event of Default or Potential Event of Default with respect to the other party has occurred and is continuing, (2) the condition precedent that no Early Termination Date in respect of the relevant Transaction has occurred or been effectively designated and (3) each other applicable condition precedent specified in this Agreement. Copyright (C) 1992 by International Swap Dealers Association, Inc. value of that which was (or would have been) required to be delivered as of the originally scheduled date for delivery, in each case together with (to the extent permitted under applicable law) interest, in the currency of such amounts, from (and including) the date such amounts or obligations were or would have been required to have been paid or performed to (but excluding) such Early Termination Date, at the Applicable Rate. Such amounts of interest will be calculated on the basis of daily compounding and the actual number of days elapsed. The fair market value of any obligation referred to in clause (b) above shall be reasonably determined by the party obliged to make the determination under Section 6(e) or, if each party is so obliged, it shall be the average of the Termination Currency Equivalents of the fair market values reasonably determined by both parties. IN WITNESS WHEREOF the parties have executed this document on the respective dates specified below with effect from the date specified on the first page of this document. PARTY A PARTY B SMBC DERIVATIVE PRODUCTS LIMITED ASHFORD AUSTIN LP By: SMBC Capital Markets, Inc. By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: Agent Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President By: /s/ KENICHI MOROOKA Name: Kenichi Morooka ASHFORD BLOOMINGTON LP Title: Managing Director By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD BUENA VISTA LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ISDA(R) 1992 18 ASHFORD BUFORD I LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD BUFORD II LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD COLUMBUS LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD DALLAS LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ISDA(R) 1992 18-1 ASHFORD DAYTON LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD DULLES LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD EVANSVILLE I LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD EVANSVILLE II LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ISDA(R) 1992 18-2 ASHFORD EVANSVILLE III LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD FLAGSTAFF LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD HOLTSVILLE LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD HORSE CAVE LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ISDA(R) 1992 18-3 ASHFORD JACKSONVILLE II LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD LAS VEGAS LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD LOUISVILLE LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD MOBILE LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ISDA(R) 1992 18-4 ASHFORD PHOENIX LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD PRINCETON LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD SYRACUSE LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD TERRE HAUTE LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ASHFORD TIPTON LAKES LP By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ISDA(R) 1992 18-5 ASHFORD BUCKS COUNTY LLC By: Ashford Senior General Partner LLC Its: General Partner By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President ISDA(R) 1992 18-6 EX-10.19.2 14 d20035exv10w19w2.txt INTERNATIONAL SWAP DEALERS ASSOCIATION, INC. MASTER AGREEMENT EXHIBIT 10.19.2 (MULTICURRENCY -- CROSS BORDER) ISDA(R) INTERNATIONAL SWAP DEALERS ASSOCIATION, INC. MASTER AGREEMENT dated as of September 2, 2004 SMBC DERIVATIVE PRODUCTS LIMITED AND ASHFORD MEZZ BORROWER LLC have entered and/or anticipate entering into one or more transactions (each a "Transaction") that are or will be governed by this Master Agreement, which includes the schedule (the "Schedule"), and the documents and other confirming evidence (each a "Confirmation") exchanged between the parties confirming those Transactions. Accordingly, the parties agree as follows: -- 1. INTERPRETATION (a) DEFINITIONS. The terms defined in Section 14 and in the Schedule will have the meanings therein specified for the purpose of this Master Agreement. (b) INCONSISTENCY. In the event of any inconsistency between the provisions of the Schedule and the other provisions of this Master Agreement, the Schedule will prevail. In the event of any inconsistency between the provisions of any Confirmation and this Master Agreement (including the Schedule), such Confirmation will prevail for the purpose of the relevant Transaction. (c) SINGLE AGREEMENT. All Transactions are entered into in reliance on the fact that this Master Agreement and all Confirmations form a single agreement between the parties (collectively referred to as this "Agreement"), and the parties would not otherwise enter into any Transactions. 2. OBLIGATIONS (a) GENERAL CONDITIONS. (i) Each party will make each payment or delivery specified in each Confirmation to be made by it, subject to the other provisions of this Agreement. (ii) Payments under this Agreement will be made on the due date for value on that date in the place of the account specified in the relevant Confirmation or otherwise pursuant to this Agreement, in freely transferable funds and in the manner customary for payments in the required currency. Where settlement is by delivery (that is, other than by payment), such delivery will be made for receipt on the due date in the manner customary for the relevant obligation unless otherwise specified in the relevant Confirmation or elsewhere in this Agreement. (iii) Each obligation of each party under Section 2(a)(i) is subject to (1) the condition precedent that no Event of Default or Potential Event of Default with respect to the other party has occurred and is continuing, (2) the condition precedent that no Early Termination Date in respect of the relevant Transaction has occurred or been effectively designated and (3) each other applicable condition precedent specified in this Agreement. Copyright (C) 1992 by International Swap Dealers Association, Inc. value of that which was (or would have been) required to be delivered as of the originally scheduled date for delivery, in each case together with (to the extent permitted under applicable law) interest, in the currency of such amounts, from (and including) the date such amounts or obligations were or would have been required to have been paid or performed to (but excluding) such Early Termination Date, at the Applicable Rate. Such amounts of interest will be calculated on the basis of daily compounding and the actual number of days elapsed. The fair market value of any obligation referred to in clause (b) above shall be reasonably determined by the party obliged to make the determination under Section 6(e) or, if each party is so obliged, it shall be the average of the Termination Currency Equivalents of the fair market values reasonably determined by both parties. IN WITNESS WHEREOF the parties have executed this document on the respective dates specified below with effect from the date specified on the first page of this document. SMBC DERIVATIVE PRODUCTS LIMITED ASHFORD MEZZ BORROWER LLC (Name of Party) (Name of Party) By: SMBC Capital Markets Inc. By: /s/ DAVID A. BROOKS Its: Agent ----------------------------- Name: David A. Brooks Title: Vice President Date: September 2, 2004 By: /s/ KENICHI MOROOKA Name: Kenichi Morooka Title: Managing Director Date: September 2, 2004 ISDA(R) 1992 18 EX-31.1 15 d20035exv31w1.htm CERTIFICATION REQUIRED BY RULE 13A-14(A) - CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER exv31w1
 

         

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, Montgomery J. Bennett, certify that:

1.   I have reviewed this quarterly report of Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc.;
 
2.   Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
 
3.   Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
 
4.   The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:

(a)   Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
(b)   Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
(c)   Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.   The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)   All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize, and report financial information; and
 
(b)   Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
         
     
Date: November 12, 2004  /s/ MONTGOMERY J. BENNETT    
  Montgomery J. Bennett   
  Chief Executive Officer   

 

EX-31.2 16 d20035exv31w2.htm CERTIFICATION REQUIRED BY RULE 13A-14(A) - CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER exv31w2
 

         

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, David J. Kimichik, certify that:

1.   I have reviewed this quarterly report of Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc.;
 
2.   Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
 
3.   Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
 
4.   The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:

(a)   Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
(b)   Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
(c)   Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.   The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)   All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize, and report financial information; and
 
(b)   Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
         
     
Date: November 12, 2004  /s/ DAVID J. KIMICHIK    
  David J. Kimichik   
  Chief Financial Officer   

EX-31.3 17 d20035exv31w3.htm CERTIFICATION REQUIRED BY RULE 13A-14(A) - CHIEF ACCOUNTING OFFICER exv31w3
 

         

EXHIBIT 31.3

CERTIFICATION

I, Mark L. Nunneley, certify that:

1.   I have reviewed this quarterly report of Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc.;
 
2.   Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
 
3.   Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
 
4.   The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:

(a)   Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
(b)   Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
(c)   Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.   The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)   All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize, and report financial information; and
 
(b)   Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
         
     
Date: November 12, 2004  /s/ MARK L. NUNNELEY    
  Mark L. Nunneley   
  Chief Accounting Officer   

EX-32.1 18 d20035exv32w1.htm CERTIFICATION REQUIRED BY RULE 13A-14(B) - CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER exv32w1
 

         

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2004 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Montgomery J. Bennett, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)   The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
 
(2)   The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.
         
     
Dated: November 12, 2004  /s/ MONTGOMERY J. BENNETT    
  Montgomery J. Bennett   
  Chief Executive Officer   

EX-32.2 19 d20035exv32w2.htm CERTIFICATION REQUIRED BY RULE 13A-14(B) - CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER exv32w2
 

         

EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2004 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, David J. Kimichik, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)   The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
 
(2)   The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.
         
     
Dated: November 12, 2004  /s/ DAVID J. KIMICHIK    
  David J. Kimichik   
  Chief Financial Officer   

EX-32.3 20 d20035exv32w3.htm CERTIFICATION REQUIRED BY RULE 13A-14(B) - CHIEF ACCOUNTING OFFICER exv32w3
 

         

EXHIBIT 32.3

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2004 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Mark L. Nunneley, Chief Accounting Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)   The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
 
(2)   The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.
         
     
Dated: November 12, 2004  /s/ MARK L. NUNNELEY    
  Mark L. Nunneley   
  Chief Accounting Officer   
 

-----END PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE-----