-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, Ickq5b+mYQP5VguJhxbplyiprH/1JtCS7k7IO1kBKpTGFcyYDg+ztwCNmRMkq3bs u3Mcbod8DD70SGcg6X9cgA== 0001104659-10-047281.txt : 20101122 0001104659-10-047281.hdr.sgml : 20101122 20100903130819 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001104659-10-047281 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: S-1/A PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 10 FILED AS OF DATE: 20100903 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20101006 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: SPHERIX INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000012239 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: SERVICES-ENGINEERING, ACCOUNTING, RESEARCH, MANAGEMENT [8700] IRS NUMBER: 520849320 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-1/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-167963 FILM NUMBER: 101057065 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 12051 INDIAN CREEK CT CITY: BELTSVILLE STATE: MD ZIP: 20705 BUSINESS PHONE: 3014193900 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 12051 INDIAN CREEK COURT CITY: BELTSVILLE STATE: MD ZIP: 20705 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: BIOSPHERICS INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19920703 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: BIOSPHERICS RESEARCH INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19720404 S-1/A 1 a10-13555_2s1a.htm S-1/A

Table of Contents

 

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 3, 2010

 Registration No. 333-167963

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

 


 

AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO

 

FORM S-1

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 


 

SPHERIX INCORPORATED

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware

 

8733

 

52-0849320

(State or other jurisdiction

 

(Primary Standard Industrial

 

(I.R.S. employer

of incorporation or organization)

 

Classification Number)

 

identification number)

 

6430 Rockledge Drive, Suite 503, Bethesda, Maryland 20817

(301) 897-2540
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including
area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

 


 

Claire L. Kruger
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Operating Officer
Spherix Incorporated

6430 Rockledge Drive, Suite 503

Bethesda, Maryland 20817
(301) 897-2540
(301) 897-2567 (Fax)
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number,
including area code, of agent for service)

 


 

With a copy to:

 

James E. Baker, Jr.
Baxter, Baker, Sidle, Conn & Jones, P.A.
120 E. Baltimore Street, Suite 2100
Baltimore, Maryland 21202
Telephone:  (410) 385-8122
Facsimile:  (410) 230-3801

 


 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:

As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.

 


 

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. x

 

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

 

Large accelerated filer o

 

Accelerated filer o

 

Non-accelerated filer o

 

Smaller reporting company x

 

 

 

 

(Do not check if a

 

 

 

 

 

 

smaller reporting company)

 

 

 

Calculation of Registration Fee

 

 

 

 

 

 

Title of Each Class
of Securities to be
Registered(1)

 

Proposed
Maximum
Aggregate
Offering Price(2) (3)

 

Amount
of
Registration
Fee(3)

 

Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value(3)

 

 

 

 

 

Common Stock, $.005 par value, underlying Convertible Preferred Stock

 

 

 

 

 

Warrants(3)

 

 

 

 

 

Common Stock, $.005 par value, underlying Warrants(3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

$

10,000,000

 

$

713

 

(1)                                 Any securities registered hereunder may be sold separately or together with other securities registered hereunder.

 

(2)                                 Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act.  Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the shares being registered hereunder include such indeterminate number of shares of common stock as may be issuable with respect to the shares being registered hereunder as a result of stock splits, stock dividends, anti-dilution provisions, or similar transactions.  No additional registration fee is being paid for these shares.

 

(3)                                 Previously paid upon registrant’s initial filing on Form S-1 on July 2, 2010.

 

The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until this registration statement shall become effective on such date as the commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 


 


Table of Contents

 

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell, and is not soliciting an offer to buy, these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED September 3, 2010

 

PROSPECTUS

SPHERIX INCORPORATED

[*] Shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock

 [*] Warrants to Purchase up to [*] Shares of Common Stock

[*] Shares of Common Stock Underlying the Convertible Preferred Stock and the Warrants

 

We are offering up to [*] shares of our Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, convertible into [*] shares of our common stock, par value $0.005 per share, and warrants to purchase up to [*] shares of our common stock, to purchasers in this offering.  Each share of convertible preferred stock we sell will be accompanied by a warrant to purchase up to [*] shares of common stock.  Subject to certain ownership limitations, the convertible preferred stock is convertible at any time at the option of the holder into shares of our common stock at a conversion ratio determined by dividing the stated value of the convertible preferred stock by a conversion price of $[*] per share.  The warrants are exercisable immediately and on or before the fifth year anniversary of their initial exercise date at an exercise price of $[*] per share of common stock.  Each share of convertible preferred stock and warrant will be sold at a negotiated price of $1,000.  The convertible preferred stock and warrants are immediately separable and will be issued separately.

 

Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “SPEX”.  The last reported sale price of our common stock on the NASDAQ Capital Market on August 31, 2010 was $1.66 per share.  We do not intend to list the convertible preferred stock or the warrants on any securities exchange.

 

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk and purchasers of our securities may lose their entire investment.  See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 10 of this prospectus for factors you should consider before buying our securities.  You should carefully read this prospectus before you invest in our securities.

 

 

 

Per Share

 

Maximum Total

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Offering Price

 

$

 [*]

 

$

[*]

 

Placement Agent Fees

 

$

 [*]

 

$

[*]

 

Net Offering Proceeds, Before Expenses(1)

 

$

 [*]

 

$

[*]

 

 


(1)         We have also agreed to reimburse the placement agent’s expenses up to $45,000.

 

We have retained Rodman & Renshaw, LLC as our exclusive placement agent to use its reasonable best efforts to solicit offers to purchase our securities in this offering.  The placement agent is not purchasing or selling any of the securities in this offering.  There is no minimum amount of securities that must be sold as a condition to closing this offering.  The offering will end on [*], 2010.  We expect that delivery of the securities being offered pursuant to this prospectus will be made to purchasers on or about [*], 2010.  We have agreed to indemnify the placement agent against some liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, and to contribute to payments that the placement agent may be required to make in respect thereof.  In consideration for its services, in addition to the cash fees set forth in the table above, we have agreed to issue to the placement agent two-year warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of [*] shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $[*] per share.  The placement agent warrants are not covered by this prospectus.

 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete.  Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

Rodman & Renshaw
Sole Placement Agent

 

2



Table of Contents

 

The date of this prospectus is                       , 2010

 

3



Table of Contents

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

PAGE

 

 

Prospectus Summary

5

 

 

Risk Factors

10

 

 

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

18

 

 

Use of Proceeds

19

 

 

Market Price of Common Stock

19

 

 

Divided Policy

19

 

 

Capitalization

20

 

 

Dilution

21

 

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

26

 

 

Business

31

 

 

Property

38

 

 

Management

38

 

 

Executive & Director Compensation

41

 

 

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

43

 

 

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

45

 

 

Description of Capital Stock

45

 

 

Description of Warrants

49

 

 

Plan of Distribution

50

 

 

Legal Matters

52

 

 

Experts

52

 

 

Where You Can Find More Information

52

 

 

Index to Financial Statements

53

 

4


 


Table of Contents

 

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

 

This summary does not contain all of the information you should consider before buying our securities.  You should read the entire prospectus carefully, especially the “Risk Factors” section in this prospectus, and our financial statements, related notes and other information incorporated by reference into this prospectus before deciding to invest in our securities.

 

Company Information

 

We were founded in 1967 and are incorporated in the State of Delaware.  Our principal executive offices are located at 6430 Rockledge Drive, Suite 503, Bethesda, Maryland 20817, and our telephone number is (301) 897-2540.  Our website is www.spherix.com. The information contained on our website is not a part of this prospectus.  We have included our website address in this prospectus for reference only.

 

We are engaged in two (2) lines of business, our biotechnology research and development business and our health sciences technical and regulatory consulting business.  We have created two wholly-owned subsidiaries, Biospherics Incorporated, which operates our biotechnology segment, and Spherix Consulting, Inc., which operates our Health Sciences segment.  The subsidiaries began operations on January 1, 2009.  Spherix now provides management, strategic guidance, business development, marketing and other services to its subsidiaries.

 

Biotechnology Segment

 

Biospherics is dedicated to development of its proprietary low-caloric sweetener, D-tagatose.  Until June 2010, this development was limited to developing D-tagatose as a novel, first-in-class treatment for Type 2 diabetes.  The Company recently announced that it will actively seek a pharma partner to continue the diabetes development and that it will also explore D-tagatose as a potential treatment for high triglycerides, a risk factor for heart disease, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and stroke.

 

Tagatose, a naturally occurring sugar, is a low-calorie, full-bulk sweetener previously approved by the Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) as a GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) food ingredient.  It is a true sugar that looks, feels, and tastes like table sugar.  During human safety studies supporting food use, we discovered and patented a number of health and medical uses for D-tagatose.

 

Diabetes Indication

 

We are currently conducting a Phase 3 trial to determine efficacy of D-tagatose as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes and a Phase 2 Dose Range trial to evaluate the effectiveness of lower doses of D-tagatose in treating Type 2 diabetes.  D-tagatose is believed to depress elevations of blood sugar levels in diabetic patients by increasing glycogen synthesis while decreasing glycogen utilization, resulting in an improvement of blood sugar control and modulation of HbA1c.  HbA1c is a key indicator that measures glycated hemoglobin in the blood and is a measure of long-term control of blood glucose.  Glucose is a sugar molecule that serves as a primary energy storage mechanism and glycogen is a molecule that functions as secondary long-term energy storage in humans.  D-tagatose works in part by affecting glycogen levels.

 

The Company expects to announce final efficacy results of the current Phase 3 trial in September 2010 and expects to complete the Phase 2 Dose Range trial by the end of 2010.

 

The cost burden of developing drugs specifically for diabetes has increased significantly within the last few years under evolving and more stringent FDA guidelines.  A company-commissioned analysis estimates it would take several additional years of clinical trials and could cost as much as several hundred million dollars to achieve a New Drug Application (“NDA”) filing for D-tagatose under current guidelines.  We have determined that continued development of D-tagatose as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes requires the involvement of  a pharma partner with the resources needed to fund the rest of the development and to bring it to market.  The results from the Phase 3 trial will be pivotal in these negotiations, and we expect that the Phase 3 data will show a robust proof of concept demonstrating safety and efficacy for D-tagatose for Type 2 diabetes, potentially making it an attractive candidate for further development by a pharma company.  Accordingly, we are actively seeking a strategic relationship with a pharma company for the continued development of D-tagatose as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes.

 

5



Table of Contents

 

Triglycerides Indication

 

Secondary endpoints of our diabetes trials include triglyceride measurements.  High triglyceride levels are sometimes a symptom of conditions associated with heart disease such as obesity and metabolic syndrome, which is a condition associated with elevated glucose levels as well as excess fat around the waist, high blood pressure, high triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol.  Interim results of our Phase 2 Dose Range Study demonstrate a substantial reduction in triglycerides from patients who received 7.5 grams of D-tagatose compared to patients who received 2.5 grams of D-tagatose.  Results from Phase 3 will be analyzed to provide corroboration for proof of concept regarding potential impact of D-tagatose on triglycerides.

 

The program to investigate D-tagatose as a pharmaceutical agent to lower serum triglycerides will begin this year.  As per a normal pharmaceutical development plan, initial studies may include appropriate animal models in order to fully explore the mechanism of action on lipid metabolism, including triglycerides as well as LDL and HDL cholesterol.  The commercial intent of the triglyceride program is to develop a formulation, dose and dosing regimen appropriate for the lipid market segment and uniquely different from the diabetes market.  Thus, Spherix’s intent is to develop a completely new, second brand for triglycerides, separate from the diabetes brand.  Our goal is to produce a robust proof of concept in a Phase 2 clinical study, and then seek a pharma partner for further development of the triglycerides drug product.  We estimate that it will likely take up to three years to complete the studies/trials necessary to attract a pharma partner to complete the development and an additional 2-3 years to complete all necessary studies for an NDA filing.

 

We expect to incur substantial development costs in our Biospherics segment in the next several years, without substantial corresponding revenue.  We intend to finance our development activities through the remaining proceeds received from the 2007 sale of InfoSpherix, the net proceeds of the November 2009 registered direct equity offering, the net proceeds from this offering, and additional funds we will seek to raise through the sale of additional stock in the future.

 

Health Sciences Segment

 

In July 2007, we entered into the Health Sciences business when Claire L. Kruger, CEO and COO, joined us in advance of the anticipated sale of our wholly-owned subsidiary, InfoSpherix Incorporated.  The Health Sciences business provides technical and regulatory consulting services to biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, as well as providing technical support for our own R&D activities.

 

During 2009 and 2008, Health Sciences provided services to 12 and 16 companies, respectively.  We generally provide our services on either a fixed-price basis or a “time and expenses” basis, charging hourly rates for each staff member involved in a project, based on his or her skills and experience.  Our engagement agreements typically provide for monthly billing and payment of our invoices within thirty days of receipt.

 

The projects range from safety analyses of food ingredients to safety analyses of pharmaceutical manufacturing and dispensing equipment.  Many clients are large, well-known companies with a number of successful products on the market.  The proliferation of new products in the food and pharmaceutical areas creates a growing need for such regulatory services.

 

Revenues are primarily derived from services provided in response to client requests or events that occur without notice, and engagements, generally billed as services are performed, are terminable or subject to postponement or delay at any time by clients.  Revenues and operating margins for any particular quarter are generally affected by staffing mix, resource requirements, and timing and size of engagements.

 

Health Sciences is also monitoring and directing the clinical trials of D-tagatose for Biospherics.

 

Health Sciences revenue accounted for 99% of our total revenue in each of 2009 and 2008.

 

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Table of Contents

 

2009 Offering

 

In November 2009, we completed a registered direct equity financing involving the issuance of  2,760,870 shares of our common stock and warrants exercisable for an additional 1,104,348 shares of our common stock.  We received approximately $6 million in net proceeds from the offering, after deducting the placement agent’s fees and our offering expenses.  As of June 30, 2010, the Company had cash and short-term investments of approximately $4.7 million and expects to expend all of this amount within the next six months.

 

The Offering

 

We are offering up to [*] shares of our convertible preferred stock (convertible into [*] shares of our common stock) and warrants to purchase up to an additional [*] shares of our common stock in this offering.  Each share of convertible preferred stock will be accompanied by a warrant to purchase up to [*] shares of common stock.

 

NASDAQ rules generally require stockholder approval for issuance of stock in excess of 20% of outstanding shares.  On August 31, 2010, our stockholders provided such approval, subject to certain limitations, including:

 

·                  The aggregate number of shares issued in any offerings will not exceed 15,000,000 shares of our common stock (including pursuant to preferred stock, options, warrants, convertible debt or other securities exercisable for a convertible into common stock);

 

·                  The total aggregate consideration will not exceed $12 million in cash;

 

·                  The maximum discount at which securities will be offered will be equivalent to a discount of 20% below the market price of our common stock at the time of issuance;  and

 

·                  Such offerings will occur within the three-month period commencing on August 31, 2010.

 

This offering will be conducted pursuant to the authority granted by our stockholders at the August 31, 2010 annual meeting.

 

Holders of the convertible preferred stock will be entitled to receive dividends equal (on an “as converted to common stock” basis) to and in the same form as dividends actually paid on shares of common stock, as and if such dividends are paid.  We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock and do not currently anticipate declaring or paying cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future.

 

There will be [*] shares of our common stock outstanding after the closing of this offering if all of the shares of convertible preferred stock and warrants offered hereunder are sold and are fully converted into shares of common stock.

 

The number of shares of our common stock to be outstanding is based on 17,150,648 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding as of August 31, 2010.

 

Summary Financial Data

 

The following tables set forth our summary consolidated statement of operations data for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, and for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, and our summary consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009.  Our statement of operations data for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 and our balance sheet as of December 31, 2009 were derived from our audited consolidated financial statements.  Our statement of operations data for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and our balance sheet as of June 30, 2010 were derived from unaudited consolidated financial statements, all of which are included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

The results indicated below and elsewhere in this prospectus are not necessarily indicative of our future performance.  You should read this information together with “Capitalization,” “Management’s Discussion and

 

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Table of Contents

 

Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

Summary Consolidated Statements of Operations Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

Six Months Ended June 30,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

2010

 

2009

 

Revenue

 

$

1,359,110

 

$

1,025,961

 

$

659,430

 

$

692,911

 

Operating expense

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Direct costs

 

449,293

 

397,645

 

231,899

 

239,665

 

Research and development

 

6,830,957

 

4,004,565

 

2,856,484

 

2,695,351

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

3,265,137

 

3,135,310

 

2,280,750

 

1,408,366

 

Loss from operations

 

(9,186,277

)

(6,511,559

)

(4,709,703

)

(3,650,471

)

Interest income and other expense

 

37,646

 

340,229

 

4,216

 

29,847

 

Income tax benefit

 

 

552,803

 

 

 

Loss from continuing operations

 

(9,148,631

)

(5,618,527

)

(4,705,487

)

(3,620,624

)

Income from discontinued operations

 

 

1,482,993

 

 

 

Net loss

 

$

(9,148,631

)

$

(4,135,534

)

$

(4,705,487

)

$

(3,620,624

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss per share, basic and diluted

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Continuing operations

 

$

(0.62

)

$

(0.39

)

$

(0.27

)

$

(0.25

)

Discontinued operations

 

$

 

$

0.10

 

$

 

$

 

Net loss per share

 

$

(0.62

)

$

(0.29

)

$

(0.27

)

$

(0.25

)

Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted

 

14,713,473

 

14,342,953

 

17,150,648

 

14,357,162

 

 

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Summary Consolidated Balance Sheets Data

 

 

 

June 30, 2010

 

December 31,

 

 

 

(Unaudited)

 

2009

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

4,585,803

 

$

9,026,002

 

Total assets

 

$

5,351,851

 

$

10,155,308

 

Total liabilities

 

$

2,750,045

 

$

2,883,432

 

Accumulated deficit

 

$

30,654,490

 

$

25,949,003

 

Total stockholders’ equity

 

$

2,601,806

 

$

7,271,876

 

 

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RISK FACTORS

 

An investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk and should be considered only by those persons who are able to afford a loss of their entire investment.  There are important factors that could cause our actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from the results, level of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by any forward-looking statement.  In particular, you should consider the numerous risks outlined below.  Those risk factors are not exhaustive.

 

RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

 

WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO FIND A STRATEGIC PARTNER FOR OUR DIABETES DRUG CANDIDATE.  With the conclusion of the Phase 3 trial, we have scaled back our development of D-tagatose as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes and are actively seeking a strategic partner to continue this development.  We may not locate such a partner or may not negotiate an appropriate strategic relationship agreement.  If we are not successful, we will not obtain any benefits from the substantial investment we have made in these efforts over the past several years.

 

OUR POTENTIAL TRIGLYCERIDES DRUG IS AT A VERY EARLY STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT.  We will be “starting at the beginning” in our development of a triglycerides drug.  We may begin with animal studies and then progress to human studies and trials.  We expect that it could take up to three years to complete the studies/trials necessary to attract a pharma partner to complete the development and an additional 2-3 years to complete all necessary studies for an NDA filing.  There can be no assurance that any of these studies/trials will be successful or that we will develop the necessary proof of concept required to attract a pharma partner.

 

IF WE ARE UNABLE TO COMPLETE OUR TRIGLYCERIDES CLINICAL TRIAL PROGRAMS SUCCESSFULLY, OR IF SUCH CLINICAL TRIALS TAKE LONGER TO COMPLETE THAN WE PROJECT, OUR ABILITY TO EXECUTE OUR CURRENT BUSINESS STRATEGY WILL BE ADVERSELY AFFECTED.  Whether or not and how quickly we complete triglycerides clinical trials is dependent in part upon the rate at which we are able to engage clinical trial sites and, thereafter, the rate of enrollment of patients, and the rate we collect, clean, lock and analyze the clinical trial database.  Patient enrollment is a function of many factors, including the size of the patient population, the proximity of patients to clinical sites, the eligibility criteria for the study, the existence of competitive clinical trials, and whether existing or new drugs are approved for the indication we are studying.  Certain clinical trials are designed to continue until a pre-determined number of events have occurred in the patients enrolled.  Trials such as this are subject to delays stemming from patient withdrawal and from lower than expected event rates.  They may also incur additional costs if enrollment is increased in order to achieve the desired number of events.  If we experience delays in identifying and contracting with sites and/or in patient enrollment in our clinical trial programs, we may incur additional costs and delays in our development programs, and may not be able to complete our clinical trials in a cost-effective or timely manner.  In addition, conducting multi-national studies adds another level of complexity and risk.  We are subject to events affecting countries outside the United States.  Negative or inconclusive results from the clinical trials we conduct or unanticipated adverse medical events could cause us to have to repeat or terminate the clinical trials.  We may also opt to change the delivery method, formulation or dosage, which could affect efficacy results for the drug candidate.  Accordingly, we may not be able to complete the clinical trials within an acceptable time frame, if at all.

 

Additionally, we have never filed an NDA or similar application for approval in the United States, or in any country, which may result in a delay in, or the rejection of, our filing of an NDA or similar application.  During the drug development process, regulatory agencies will typically ask questions of drug sponsors.  While we endeavor to answer all such questions in a timely fashion, or in the NDA filing, some questions may remain unanswered by the time we file our NDA.  Unless the FDA opts not to pursue answers to these questions, submission of an NDA may be delayed or rejected.

 

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PRE-CLINICAL TESTING AND CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT ARE LONG, EXPENSIVE AND UNCERTAIN PROCESSES.  IF OUR DRUG CANDIDATES DO NOT RECEIVE THE NECESSARY REGULATORY APPROVALS, WE WILL BE UNABLE TO COMMERCIALIZE OUR DRUG CANDIDATES.  We have not received, and may never receive, regulatory approval for the commercial sale of any of our drug candidates.  We will need to conduct significant additional research and human testing before we can apply for product approval with the FDA or with regulatory authorities of other countries.  Pre-clinical testing and clinical development are long, expensive and uncertain processes.  Satisfaction of regulatory requirements typically depends on the nature, complexity and novelty of the product.  It requires the expenditure of substantial resources.  Data obtained from pre-clinical and clinical tests can be interpreted in different ways, which could delay, limit or prevent regulatory approval.  The FDA may pose additional questions or request further clinical substantiation.  It may take us many years to complete the testing of our drug candidates and failure can occur at any stage of this process.  Negative or inconclusive results or medical events during a clinical trial could cause us to delay or terminate our development efforts.

 

Furthermore, interim results of preclinical or clinical studies do not necessarily predict their final results, and acceptable results in early studies might not be obtained in later studies.

 

Clinical trials have a high risk of failure.  A number of companies in the pharmaceutical industry, including biotechnology companies, have suffered significant setbacks in advanced clinical trials, even after achieving what appeared to be promising results in earlier trials.  If we experience delays in the testing or approval process or if we need to perform more or larger clinical trials than originally planned, our financial results and the commercial prospects for our drug candidates may be materially impaired.  In addition, we have limited experience in conducting and managing the clinical trials necessary to obtain regulatory approval in the United States and abroad.  Accordingly, we may encounter unforeseen problems and delays in the approval process.  Although we may engage a clinical research organization with experience in conducting regulatory trials, errors in the conduct, monitoring and/or auditing could potentially invalidate the results.

 

OUR PATENT PROTECTION MAY NOT BE SUFFICIENT TO PROTECT US.  Our current use patent for D-tagatose as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes expires in 2012.  We are exploring the prospects of extending our exclusivity for D-tagatose for up to an additional five years.  At present we only have rights for patents pending for triglycerides treatment.  There can be no assurance these patents will be issued.

 

WE DO NOT CURRENTLY HAVE THE RESOURCES TO BECOME A FULL SCALE BIOTECHNOLOGY COMPANY AND WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO ATTRACT A NECESSARY BUYER/LICENSEE/PARTNER/STRATEGIC PARTNER BEFORE WE EXPEND ALL OF OUR FUNDS.  We intend to continue to develop D-tagatose as a viable triglycerides treatment and to continuously seek a sale, license, or partner.  Our hope and expectation is that as we proceed with the development, incremental successes may allow us to negotiate a favorable transaction.  There can be no assurance, however, that we will have such incremental successes, or even if we achieve them, that we will attract a buyer, licensee or partner.  We have limited resources.  As of June 30, 2010, the Company had cash and short-term investments of approximately $4.7 million and expects to expend all of this amount within the next six months.  We will need to raise additional funds in 2010 to continue operations and will likely require additional capital raises thereafter to fully pursue the triglycerides opportunity and we may not be able to do so in a timely fashion.

 

REGULATORY AUTHORITIES MAY NOT APPROVE OUR PRODUCT EVEN IF IT MEETS SAFETY AND EFFICACY ENDPOINTS IN CLINICAL TRIALS.  The FDA and foreign regulatory agencies can delay, limit or deny marketing approval for many reasons, including:

 

·                  a product candidate may not be considered safe or effective;

·                  the manufacturing processes or facilities we have selected may not meet the applicable requirements;  and

·                  changes in approval policies or adoption of new regulations may require additional work on our part.

 

Any delay in, or failure to receive or maintain, approval for D-tagatose as a treatment for triglycerides could prevent us from ever generating meaningful revenues.

 

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D-tagatose may not be approved even if it achieves endpoints in clinical trials.  Regulatory agencies, including the FDA, or their advisors may disagree with our trial design and our interpretations of data from preclinical studies and clinical trials.  Regulatory agencies may change requirements for approval even after a clinical trial design has been approved.  Regulatory agencies may also approve a product candidate for fewer or more limited indications than requested, or may grant approval subject to the performance of post-marketing studies. In addition, regulatory agencies may not approve the labeling claims that are necessary or desirable for the successful commercialization of D-tagatose.

 

OUR FINANCIAL RESOURCES ARE LIMITED AND WE WILL NEED TO RAISE ADDITIONAL CAPITAL IN THE FUTURE TO CONTINUE OUR BUSINESS.  WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO OBTAIN ADDITIONAL FINANCING IF NEEDED.  As of June 30, 2010, the Company had cash and short-term investments of approximately $4.7 million and expects to expend all of this amount within the next six months.  Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the progress of the clinical trials and commercialization of D-tagatose, as well as general and administrative costs.  Over the next 12 months, the Company expects that it will need to expend between $7 million and $13 million to support its development operations.  We will need to raise additional funds in 2010 to continue operations and will likely require additional capital raises thereafter to fully pursue the triglycerides opportunity.  We cannot ensure that additional funding will be available or, if it is available, that it can be obtained on terms and conditions we will deem acceptable.  Any additional funding derived from the sale of equity securities is likely to result in significant dilution to our existing stockholders.  These matters involve risks and uncertainties that may prevent us from raising additional capital or may cause the terms upon which we raise additional capital, if additional capital is available, to be less favorable to us than would otherwise be the case.

 

UNSTABLE MARKET CONDITIONS MAY HAVE SERIOUS ADVERSE CONSEQUENCES ON OUR BUSINESS.  The recent economic downturn and market instability have made the business climate more volatile and more costly.  Our general business strategy may be adversely affected by unpredictable and unstable market conditions, including:

 

·                  one or more of our current service providers, manufacturers and other partners may encounter difficulties during challenging economic times, which would directly affect our ability to attain our goals on schedule and on budget;

·                  demand for our consulting services may decrease resulting in a decrease in revenue;

·                  our ability to collect on trade receivables may be negatively impacted by slow payments or bad debt;

·                  our efforts to raise additional capital may be negatively impacted;

·                  additional funding may not be available or, if it is available, may not be on terms and conditions we deem acceptable;

·                  any additional funding derived from the sale of equity securities is likely to result in significant dilution to our existing stockholders; and

·                  failure to secure the necessary financing in a timely manner and on favorable terms could have a material adverse effect on our business strategy, financial performance, and stock price and could require us to delay or abandon the clinical development plans.

 

IF CLINICAL TRIALS OF D-TAGATOSE ARE PROLONGED, DELAYED OR SUSPENDED, IT MAY TAKE SIGNIFICANTLY LONGER AND COST SUBSTANTIALLY MORE TO OBTAIN APPROVAL FOR OUR DRUG CANDIDATE AND ACHIEVE PROFITABILITY, IF AT ALL.  Each delay makes it more likely that we will need additional financing to complete our clinical trials.  We cannot predict whether we will encounter additional problems that will cause us or regulatory authorities to delay or suspend the clinical trial, or delay the analysis of data from the trials.  Any of the following could delay the clinical development of our drug candidates:

 

·                  ongoing discussions with the FDA regarding the scope or design of our trial;

·                  delays in receiving, or the inability to obtain, required approvals from reviewing entities at clinical sites selected for participation in our trial;

·                  a lower than anticipated retention rate of patients in the trial;

 

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·                  the need to repeat the trial or conduct another trial as a result of inconclusive or negative results or unforeseen complications in testing;

·                  inadequate supply or deficient quality of materials necessary to conduct our trial;

·                  serious and unexpected drug-related side effects experienced by participants in our clinical trials;

·                  the placement by the FDA of a clinical hold on a trial; or

·                  any restrictions on or post-approval commitments with regard to any regulatory approval we ultimately obtain that render the drug candidate not commercially viable.

 

WE WILL RELY ON THIRD PARTIES TO CONDUCT PORTIONS OF OUR TRIALS, AND THOSE THIRD PARTIES MAY NOT PERFORM SATISFACTORILY.  We will rely on third parties to enroll qualified patients, conduct our trials, provide services in connection with such trials, and coordinate and oversee significant aspects of the trials.  Our reliance on these third parties for clinical development activities reduces our control over these activities.  Accordingly, these third party contractors may not complete activities on schedule, or may not conduct our trials in accordance with regulatory requirements or the trial design.  If these third parties do not successfully carry out their contractual duties or meet expected deadlines, we may be required to replace them or we may be required to provide these services with our own personnel.  Although we believe there are a number of third party contractors we could engage to continue these activities, replacing a third party contractor may result in a delay or affect the trial.  If this were to occur, our efforts to obtain regulatory approvals for and commercialize our drug candidate may be delayed.

 

OUR CORPORATE COMPLIANCE EFFORTS CANNOT GUARANTEE THAT WE ARE IN COMPLIANCE WITH ALL POTENTIALLY APPLICABLE REGULATIONS.  The development, manufacturing, pricing, sales, and reimbursement of drug products are subject to extensive regulation by federal, state and other authorities within the United States and numerous entities outside of the United States.  We are a relatively small company with only 11 employees.  We also have significantly fewer employees than many other companies that have a product candidate in clinical development, and we rely heavily on third parties to conduct many important functions.  While we believe that our corporate compliance program is sufficient to ensure compliance with applicable regulation, we cannot assure that we are or will be in compliance with all potentially applicable regulations.  If we fail to comply with any of these regulations we could be subject to a range of regulatory actions including suspension or termination of clinical trials, the failure to approve our product candidate, restrictions on our products or manufacturing processes, withdrawal of products from the market, significant fines, or other sanctions or litigation.

 

WE DO NOT HAVE INTERNAL MANUFACTURING CAPABILITIES, AND IF WE FAIL TO DEVELOP AND MAINTAIN SUPPLY RELATIONSHIPS WITH OUTSIDE MANUFACTURERS, WE MAY BE UNABLE TO DEVELOP OR COMMERCIALIZE D-TAGATOSE.  Our ability to develop and commercialize D-tagatose will depend in part on our ability to arrange for other parties to manufacture D-tagatose at a competitive cost, in accordance with regulatory requirements and in sufficient quantities for clinical testing and eventual commercialization.  If we are unable to enter into or maintain commercial-scale manufacturing agreements on acceptable terms, or if we are unable to successfully bridge material from a manufacturer to the material initially used in the trials, the development and commercialization of D-tagatose could be delayed, which would adversely affect our ability to generate revenues and would increase our expenses.

 

FAILURE TO OBTAIN REGULATORY APPROVAL IN FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS WOULD PREVENT MARKETING OF D-TAGATOSE.  We intend to have D-tagatose marketed both inside and outside of the United States.  In order to market D-tagatose in the European Union and many other foreign jurisdictions, we must obtain separate regulatory approvals and comply with numerous and varying regulatory requirements.  The approval procedure varies among countries and can involve additional testing.  The time required to obtain approval may differ from that required to obtain FDA approval.  The foreign regulatory approval process may include all of the risks associated with obtaining FDA approval.  We may not obtain foreign regulatory approvals on a timely basis, if at all.  Approval by the FDA does not ensure approval by regulatory authorities in other countries, and approval by one foreign regulatory authority does not ensure approval by regulatory authorities in other foreign countries or by the FDA.  We and our collaborators may not be able to file for regulatory approvals and may not receive necessary approvals to commercialize our products in any market.  The failure to obtain these approvals could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

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EVEN IF OUR CLINICAL TRIALS ARE SUCCESSFUL, WE MAY NOT HAVE A COMMERCIALLY VIABLE DRUG OR PRODUCT.  We have a number of hurdles to overcome to have a commercially viable drug or product even assuming our clinical trials are successful, including:

 

·                  We must secure one or more manufacturers for D-tagatose and we must bridge the materials supplied by the current manufacturer(s) to the previously supplied materials to gain FDA approval.

·                  We must demonstrate that the product will be accepted in the market place.  Even if the clinical trial is successful, the market may not accept the drug formulation or dosing, which would be three times a day in powder form for diabetes treatment.

 

IF PHYSICIANS AND PATIENTS DO NOT ACCEPT D-TAGATOSE, WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO GENERATE SIGNIFICANT REVENUES FROM PRODUCT SALES.  Even if we obtain regulatory approval for D-tagatose, it may not gain market acceptance among physicians, patients and the medical community for a variety of reasons including:

 

·                  timing of market introduction of competitive drugs;

·                  lower demonstrated clinical safety and efficacy compared to other drugs;

·                  lack of cost-effectiveness;

·                  lack of availability of reimbursement from managed care plans and other third-party payors;

·                  inconvenient administration;

·                  prevalence and severity of adverse side effects;

·                  drug interactions with other widely prescribed medications;

·                  potential advantages of alternative treatment methods;

·                  safety concerns with similar drugs marketed by others;

·                  the reluctance of the target population to try new therapies and of physicians to prescribe these therapies;  and

·                  ineffective sales, marketing and distribution support.

 

If D-tagatose fails to achieve market acceptance, we would not be able to generate significant revenue or achieve profitability.

 

BIOTECHNOLOGY BUSINESS HAS A SUBSTANTIAL RISK OF PRODUCT LIABILITY CLAIMS.  THE DEFENSE OF ANY PRODUCT LIABILITY CLAIM BROUGHT AGAINST US WILL DIVERT MANAGEMENT TIME AND REQUIRE SIGNIFICANT EXPENSE.  We could be exposed to significant potential product liability risks that are inherent in the development, manufacture, sales and marketing of drugs and related products.  Our insurance may not, however, provide adequate coverage against potential liabilities.  Furthermore, product liability insurance is becoming increasingly expensive.  As a result, we may be unable to maintain current amounts of insurance coverage or obtain additional or sufficient insurance at a reasonable cost to protect against losses that could have a material adverse effect on us.  If a claim is brought against us, we might be required to pay legal and other expenses to defend the claim, as well as uncovered damage awards resulting from a claim brought successfully against us.  Furthermore, whether or not we are ultimately successful in defending any such claims, we might be required to redirect significant financial and managerial resources to such defense, and adverse publicity is likely to result.

 

WE HAVE SUSTAINED LOSSES IN THE PAST AND WE WILL SUSTAIN LOSSES IN THE FUTURE.  We have incurred losses from continuing operations in prior years, including 2009 and 2008. Our net losses from continuing operations before taxes for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 were $9.1 million and $6.2 million, respectively.  The Company’s cumulative deficit was $30.7 million at June 30, 2010.  We expect to incur substantial losses in 2010 and thereafter until we find a purchaser/licensee.  The Company’s total cash used through the six months ended June 30, 2010 was $4.4 million.  We may not return to profitable operations.

 

WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO RETAIN OUR KEY EXECUTIVES AND PERSONNEL.  As a small company, our success depends on the services of key employees in executive and other positions.  The loss of the services of one or more of such employees could have a material adverse effect on us.

 

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WE FACE INTENSE COMPETITION BY COMPETITORS.  Our competitors in the biotechnology products business are numerous.  Many of our competitors have significantly greater financial, marketing and distribution resources than we do.  Our competitors may succeed in developing or marketing biotechnology products that are more effective than ours.

 

WE FACE EVOLVING REGULATION OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND PUBLIC DISCLOSURE THAT MAY RESULT IN ADDITIONAL EXPENSES AND CONTINUING UNCERTAINTY.  Changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, new SEC regulations and NASDAQ Stock Market LLC rules are creating uncertainty for public companies.  We are presently evaluating and monitoring developments with respect to new and proposed rules and cannot predict or estimate the amount of the additional costs we may incur or the timing of these costs.  For example, compliance with the internal control requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act has to date required the commitment of significant resources to document and test the adequacy of our internal control over financial reporting.  While our assessment, testing and evaluation of the design and operating effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting resulted in our conclusion that, as of December 31, 2009, our internal control over financial reporting was effective, we can provide no assurance as to conclusions of management or by our independent registered public accounting firm with respect to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting in the future.  These new or changed laws, regulations and standards are subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies.  This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices.  We are committed to maintaining high standards of corporate governance and public disclosure.  As a result, we intend to invest the resources necessary to comply with evolving laws, regulations and standards, and this investment may result in increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities.  If our efforts to comply with new or changed laws, regulations and standards differ from the activities intended by regulatory or governing bodies, due to ambiguities related to practice or otherwise, regulatory authorities may initiate legal proceedings against us, which could be costly and time-consuming, and our reputation and business may be harmed.

 

RISKS RELATED TO OWNERSHIP OF OUR COMMON STOCK

 

THE PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK HAS BEEN HIGHLY VOLATILE DUE TO SEVERAL FACTORS THAT WILL CONTINUE TO AFFECT THE PRICE OF OUR STOCK.  Our common stock has traded as low as $0.25 and as high as $4.15 between January 1, 2009 and August 31, 2010. Some of the factors leading to this volatility include:

 

·                  relatively small amounts of our stock trading on any given day;

·                  fluctuations in our operating results;

·                  announcements of technological innovations or new products that we or our competitors make;

·                  developments with respect to patents or proprietary rights; and

·                  recent economic downturn and market instability.

 

OUR COMMON STOCK WILL BE DELISTED FROM NASDAQ CAPITAL MARKET SYSTEM IF WE FAIL TO COMPLY WITH CONTINUED LISTING STANDARDS.  Our common stock is currently traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “SPEX.”  If we fail to meet any of the continued listing standards of the NASDAQ Capital Market, our common stock could be delisted from the NASDAQ Capital Market.  These continued listing standards include specifically enumerated criteria, such as:

 

·                  a $1.00 minimum closing bid price;

·                  shareholders’ equity of $2.5 million;

·                  500,000 shares of publicly-held common stock with a market value of at least $1 million;

·                  300 round-lot stockholders; and

·                  compliance with NASDAQ’s corporate governance requirements, as well as additional or more stringent criteria that may be applied in the exercise of NASDAQ’s discretionary authority.

 

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Minimum Bid Price Requirement

 

On July 21, 2008, NASDAQ notified the Company that its common stock failed to maintain a minimum bid price of $1.00 over the previous 30 consecutive business days as required by the NASDAQ Listing Rules.  In October 2008, NASDAQ suspended enforcement of the minimum bid price and market value of publicly held shares requirements through January 16, 2009. On December 19, 2008, NASDAQ extended its suspension of the requirements until April 20, 2009 and on March 24, 2009 NASDAQ again extended the suspension until July 20, 2009.

 

On May 20, 2009, the Company received notification from NASDAQ confirming that it has regained compliance with the minimum bid price requirement for continued listing on NASDAQ under Listing Rule 5550(a)(2).  In the letter, NASDAQ stated that this matter is now closed.

 

Independent Director Requirement

 

On April 17, 2009, the Company reported in the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, that Mr. A. Paul Cox, Jr., one of our independent directors, passed away on April 13, 2009.  On April 23, 2009, NASDAQ notified the Company that the Company no longer complied with NASDAQ Listing Rule 5605, which requires that a majority of the board of directors be comprised of independent directors.

 

On May 18, 2009, the Company received notification from NASDAQ confirming that it had regained compliance with the independent director requirement for continued listing on NASDAQ under Listing Rule 5605(b)(1).  NASDAQ’s determination was based on the Company’s appointment of Thomas B. Peter to the Company’s Board of Directors as reported in the Company’s Current Report Form 8-K filed on May 14, 2009.  In the letter, NASDAQ stated that this matter is now closed.

 

Minimum Shareholder Equity Requirement

 

At September 30, 2008, the Company’s stockholders’ equity fell below the $10 million limit required for continued listing on the NASDAQ Global Market.  Accordingly, the Company transferred its listing from the NASDAQ Global Market to the NASDAQ Capital Market, which has a lower stockholders’ equity limit of $2.5 million.  At June 30, 2010, the Company’s stockholders’ equity was $2.6 million.

 

In the future, if our common stock were to fail to meet the minimum bid price requirement or any of the other listing requirements it could be delisted from the NASDAQ Capital Market.  In that case, trading of our common stock most likely will be conducted in the over-the-counter market (“OTC”) Bulletin Board market, an electronic bulletin board established for unlisted securities.  Such delisting could also adversely affect our ability to obtain financing for the continuation of our operations and could result in the loss of confidence by investors, suppliers and employees.

 

WE COULD FAIL IN FINANCING EFFORTS OR BE DELISTED FROM NASDAQ IF WE FAIL TO RECEIVE SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL WHEN NEEDED.  We are required under the NASDAQ Marketplace rules to obtain shareholder approval for any issuance of additional equity securities that would comprise more than 20% of the total shares of our common stock outstanding before the issuance of such securities sold at a discount to the greater of book or market value in an offering that is not deemed to be a “public offering” by NASDAQ.  The maximum amount of securities to be offered in this offering exceeds the 20% standard and requires stockholder approval.  We have obtained such approval at our August 31, 2010 annual stockholders meeting, but we must complete the offering by November 2010 to use such approval.  In addition, funding of our operations in the future may require issuance of additional equity securities that would comprise more than 20% of the total shares of our common stock outstanding, but we might not be successful in obtaining the required shareholder approval for such an issuance.  If we are unable to obtain financing due to shareholder approval difficulties, such failure may have a material adverse effect on our ability to continue operations.

 

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DIVIDENDS ON OUR COMMON STOCK ARE NOT LIKELY.   We do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future.  Investors must look solely to appreciation in the market price of the shares of our common stock to obtain a return on their investment.

 

BECAUSE OF THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT AND “ANTI-TAKEOVER” PROVISIONS IN OUR CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION AND BYLAWS, A THIRD PARTY MAY BE DISCOURAGED FROM MAKING A TAKEOVER OFFER THAT COULD BE BENEFICIAL TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS.  In 2001, we adopted a shareholder rights plan.  The effect of this rights plan and of certain provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation, By-Laws, and the anti-takeover provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law, could delay or prevent a third party from acquiring us or replacing members of our Board of Directors, even if the acquisition or the replacements would be beneficial to our stockholders.  These factors could also reduce the price that certain investors might be willing to pay for shares of the common stock and result in the market price being lower than it would be without these provisions.

 

INSIDERS OWN A SIGNIFICANT PORTION OF OUR COMMON STOCK, WHICH COULD LIMIT OUR STOCKHOLDERS’ ABILITY TO INFLUENCE THE OUTCOME OF KEY TRANSACTIONS.  As of June 30, 2010, our Officers and Directors and their affiliates owned approximately 14.9% of the outstanding shares of our common stock.  As a result, our Officers and Directors are able to exert considerable influence over the outcome of any matters submitted to a vote of the holders of our common stock, including the election of our Board of Directors.  The voting power of these stockholders could prevent or frustrate attempts to effect a transaction that is in the best interests of the other stockholders and could also discourage others from seeking to purchase our common stock, which might depress the price of our common stock.

 

RISKS RELATING TO THIS OFFERING

 

WE WILL HAVE IMMEDIATE AND BROAD DISCRETION OVER THE USE OF THE NET PROCEEDS FROM THIS OFFERING.  There is no minimum offering amount required as a condition to closing this offering and therefore net proceeds from this offering will be immediately available to us to use at our discretion.  We intend to use the net proceeds to further develop our product and for working capital and general corporate purposes.  Our judgment may not result in positive returns on your investment and you will not have an opportunity to evaluate the economic, financial, or other information upon which we base our decisions.

 

FUTURE SALES BY OUR STOCKHOLDERS MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR STOCK PRICE AND OUR ABILITY TO RAISE FUNDS IN NEW STOCK OFFERINGS.  Sales of our common stock in the public market following this offering could lower the market price of our common stock.  Sales may also make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities or equity-related securities in the future at a time and price that our management deems acceptable or at all.

 

YOU WILL EXPERIENCE IMMEDIATE AND SUBSTANTIAL DILUTION AS A RESULT OF THIS OFFERING AND MAY EXPERIENCE ADDITIONAL DILUTION IN THE FUTURE.  You will incur immediate and substantial dilution as a result of this offering.  After giving effect to the sale by us of up to [*] shares of convertible preferred stock and accompanying warrants to purchase an additional [*] shares of our common stock, and after deducting placement agent commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, investors in this offering can expect an immediate dilution of $[*] per share, or [*]%, at the public offering price, assuming no exercise of the warrants.  In addition, in the past, we issued options and warrants to acquire shares of common stock.  To the extent these options are ultimately exercised, you will sustain future dilution.  We may also acquire or license other technologies or finance strategic alliances by issuing equity, which may result in additional dilution to our stockholders.

 

THERE IS NO PUBLIC MARKET FOR THE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK OR THE WARRANTS BEING OFFERED IN THIS OFFERING.  There is no established public trading market for the convertible preferred stock or the warrants being offered in this offering, and we do not expect a market to develop.  In addition, we do not intend to apply for listing the convertible preferred stock or the warrants on any securities exchange.  Without an active market, the liquidity of the convertible preferred stock and the warrants will be limited.

 

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THE OFFERING MAY NOT BE FULLY SUBSCRIBED AND, EVEN IF THE OFFERING IS FULLY SUBSCRIBED, WE WILL NEED ADDITIONAL CAPITAL IN THE FUTURE.  IF ADDITIONAL CAPITAL IS NOT AVAILABLE, WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO CONTINUE TO OPERATE OUR BUSINESS PURSUANT TO OUR BUSINESS PLAN OR WE MAY HAVE TO DISCONTINUE OUR OPERATIONS ENTIRELY.  The placement agent in this offering will offer the securities on a “best-efforts” basis, meaning that we may raise substantially less than the total maximum offering amounts.  No refund will be made available to investors if less than all of the securities are sold.  Based on our proposed use of proceeds, we will likely need significant additional financing, which we may seek to raise through, among other things, public and private equity offerings and debt financing.  Any equity financing will be dilutive to existing stockholders, and any debt financings will likely involve covenants restricting our business activities.  Additional financing may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all.

 

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This prospectus, any prospectus supplement and the documents we incorporate by reference contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.  Forward looking statements reflect our current views with respect to future events and future forward performance, including in particular statements about our plans, objectives, expectations and prospects. You can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “seek,” “forecasts,” “projects,” “could,” “may,” “will,” “would,” “hopes,”  and similar expressions. Although we believe that the plans, objectives, expectations and prospects reflected in or suggested by our forward-looking statements are reasonable, those statements involve uncertainties and risks, and we can give no assurance that our plans, objectives, expectations and prospects will be achieved. Important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from the results anticipated by the forward-looking statements are contained herein under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. Any or all of these factors could cause our actual results and financial or legal status for future periods to differ materially from those expressed or referred to in any forward-looking statements. All written or oral forward-looking statements attributable to us are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made and we do not assume any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements that we make, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

 

We have identified some of the important factors that could cause future events to differ from our current expectations herein and in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 30, 2010 including, without limitation, under the captions “Item 1A.  Risk Factors” and “Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” which you should review carefully.  Although we have attempted to list comprehensively these important factors, we also wish to caution investors that other factors may prove to be important in the future in affecting our operating results.  New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all of these factors, nor can we assess the impact each factor or combination of factors may have on our business.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

 

We estimate that the net proceeds to us from the sale of the securities offered under this prospectus, after deducting the estimated placement agent’s fees and our estimated offering expenses, will be approximately $[*] million if we sell the maximum amount of convertible preferred stock and warrants offered hereby.  Because there is no minimum offering amount required as a condition to closing this offering, we may sell fewer than all of the securities offered hereby, which may significantly reduce the amount of proceeds received by us.

 

We currently intend to use the majority of the net proceeds to fund our operations and to continue the development of D-tagatose for diabetes and triglycerides, as well as for general corporate purposes.  At this time we cannot estimate the allocation of the net proceeds of this offering among these anticipated uses.  The amounts and timing of the expenditures may vary significantly depending on numerous factors, including the net proceeds to us from the sales of the securities offered under this prospectus and our need for and ability to raise additional capital to advance D-tagatose toward commercialization.  We reserve the right to change the use of proceeds as a result of certain contingencies, such as those discussed above and any future opportunities to evaluate, negotiate and complete one or more strategic or partnering transactions.  Accordingly, our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds of this offering.  Pending use of the net proceeds, we intend to invest the net proceeds in short-term, interest-bearing, investment-grade securities.

 

MARKET PRICE OF COMMON STOCK

 

Our common stock trades under the symbol “SPEX” on the NASDAQ Capital Market.  The following table sets forth the high and low closing prices for our common stock, as reported by the NASDAQ Capital Market, for the periods indicated.

 

Period

 

High

 

Low

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2010

 

 

 

 

 

First Quarter

 

$

1.96

 

$

1.10

 

Second Quarter

 

$

1.47

 

$

1.00

 

Third Quarter (through August 31, 2010)

 

$

1.85

 

$

1.20

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2009

 

 

 

 

 

First Quarter

 

$

0.90

 

$

0.25

 

Second Quarter

 

$

2.67

 

$

0.70

 

Third Quarter

 

$

2.61

 

$

1.10

 

Fourth Quarter

 

$

4.15

 

$

1.10

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2008

 

 

 

 

 

First Quarter

 

$

1.30

 

$

1.00

 

Second Quarter

 

$

1.24

 

$

0.65

 

Third Quarter

 

$

0.82

 

$

0.49

 

Fourth Quarter

 

$

0.75

 

$

0.20

 

 

On August 31, 2010, the closing price of our common stock, as reported by the NASDAQ Capital Market, was $1.66.  As of August 31, 2010, we had approximately 800 holders of record of our common stock.  We believe that the number of beneficial owners is substantially greater than the number of record holders because a large portion of our common stock is held of record through brokerage firms in “street name.”

 

DIVIDEND POLICY

 

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate declaring or paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future.  We expect to retain all available funds and any future earnings to support operations and fund the development and growth of our business.  Our board of directors will determine whether we pay and the amount of future dividends (including cash dividends), if any.

 

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CAPITALIZATION

 

The following table sets forth our capitalization as of June 30, 2010:

 

·      on an actual basis;

 

·                  on a pro forma basis to give effect to our sale of [*] shares of convertible preferred stock in this offering, or [*] shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the convertible preferred stock, less the placement agent’s fees and our estimated offering expenses, and assuming the convertible preferred stock does not carry an embedded conversion feature.

 

You should read this table in conjunction with the section of this prospectus entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and with our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto and our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto, all of which is included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

 

As of June 30, 2010
(unaudited)

 

 

 

Actual

 

Pro Forma

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 2,000,000 shares authorized; 0 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2010

 

$

 

[*]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock, $0.005 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 17,231,086 shares issued and 17,150,648 outstanding at June 30, 2010; [*] shares issued and outstanding pro forma;

 

86,155

 

[*]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Paid-in capital in excess of par value

 

33,634,927

 

[*]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Treasury stock, 80,438 shares at cost at June 30, 2010

 

(464,786

)

[*]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated deficit

 

(30,654,490

)

[*]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

 

$

2,601,806

 

$

[*]

 

 

The outstanding shares information in the table above excludes:

 

·             63,088 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options issued under our equity incentive plan and outstanding as of June 30, 2010, at a weighted average exercise price of $1.61 per share;

 

·             661,136 shares of common stock available for future issuance under our equity incentive plan as of June 30, 2010;

 

·             1,104,348 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding warrants issued to the purchasers in the common stock and warrant financing we completed in November, 2009, at an exercise price of $3.25 per share;

 

·             82,826 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding warrants issued to the placement agent in connection with the common stock and warrant financing we completed in November, 2009, at an exercise price of $2.875 per share;

 

·             [*] shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants to be issued to the purchasers in this offering, at an exercise price of $[*] per share;  and

 

·             [*] shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants to be issued to the placement agent in connection with this offering, at an exercise price of $[*] per share.

 

DILUTION

 

If you invest in the securities being offered by this prospectus, you will suffer immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value per share of common stock.  Our net tangible book value as of June 30, 2010 was approximately $2,596,476, or approximately $0.15 per share of common stock.  Net tangible book value per share is determined by dividing our net tangible book value, which consists of our total tangible assets less total liabilities, by the number of shares of our common stock outstanding on that date.

 

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Dilution in net tangible book value per share represents the difference between the price per share paid by purchasers in this offering and the net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering.  Without taking into account any other changes in the net tangible book value after June 30, 2010, other than to give effect to our receipt of the estimated proceeds from the sale of [*] shares of convertible preferred stock and accompanying warrants to purchase [*] shares of our common stock in this offering at an offering price of $1,000, or [*] shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the convertible preferred stock at an effective acquisition price of $[*], per share of common stock, less the estimated placement agent’s fees and our estimated offering expenses, but before deducting our dividend and related payment obligations, our net tangible book value as of June 30, 2010, after giving effect to the items above, would have been approximately $[*] million, or approximately $[*] per share of common stock.  This represents an immediate increase of $[*] in net tangible book value per share to our existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $[*] per share to purchasers of securities in this offering.  The following table illustrates this per share dilution:

 

Assumed public offering price per share (unaudited)

 

 

 

$

[*]

 

Net tangible book value per share as of June 30, 2010 (unaudited)

 

$

0.15

 

 

 

Increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to this offering (unaudited)

 

$

[*]

 

 

 

Pro forma net tangible book value per share as of June 30, 2010, (unaudited)

 

 

 

$

[*]

 

Dilution in pro forma net tangible book value per share to new Investors in this offering (unaudited)

 

 

 

$

[*]

 

 

The above table is based on 17,150,648 shares of our common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2010 (as adjusted [*] shares of common stock to be issued in this offering), and excludes:

 

·             63,088 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options issued under our equity incentive plan and outstanding as of June 30, 2010, at a weighted average exercise price of $1.61 per share;

 

·             661,136 shares of common stock available for future issuance under our equity incentive plan as of June 30, 2010;

 

·             1,104,348 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding warrants issued to the purchasers in the common stock and warrant financing we completed in November, 2009, at an exercise price of $3.25 per share;

 

·             82,826 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding warrants issued to the placement agent in connection with the common stock and warrant financing we completed in November, 2009, at an exercise price of $2.875 per share;

 

·             [*] shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants to be issued to the purchasers in this offering, at an exercise price of $[*] per share;  and

 

·             [*] shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants to be issued to the placement agent in connection with this offering, at an exercise price of $[*] per share.

 

To the extent that any options or warrants are exercised, new options or other equity awards are issued under our equity incentive plan, or we otherwise issue additional shares of common stock in the future, there will be further dilution to new investors.

 

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Summary Financial Data

 

The following tables set forth our summary consolidated statement of operations data for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, and for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, and our summary consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009.  Our statement of operations data for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 and our balance sheet as of December 31, 2009 were derived from our audited consolidated financial statements.  Our statement of operations data for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and our balance sheet as of June 30, 2010 were derived from unaudited consolidated financial statements, all of which are included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

The results indicated below and elsewhere in this prospectus are not necessarily indicative of our future performance.  You should read this information together with “Capitalization,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

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Summary Consolidated Statements of Operations Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

Six Months Ended June 30,

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

2010

 

2009

 

Revenue

 

$

1,359,110

 

$

1,025,961

 

$

659,430

 

$

692,911

 

Operating expense

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Direct costs

 

449,293

 

397,645

 

231,899

 

239,665

 

Research and development

 

6,830,957

 

4,004,565

 

2,856,484

 

2,695,351

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

3,265,137

 

3,135,310

 

2,280,750

 

1,408,366

 

Loss from operations

 

(9,186,277

)

(6,511,559

)

(4,709,703

)

(3,650,471

)

Interest income and other expense

 

37,646

 

340,229

 

4,216

 

29,847

 

Income tax benefit

 

 

552,803

 

 

 

Loss from continuing operations

 

(9,148,631

)

(5,618,527

)

(4,705,487

)

(3,620,624

)

Income from discontinued operations

 

 

1,482,993

 

 

 

Net loss

 

$

(9,148,631

)

$

(4,135,534

)

$

(4,705,487

)

$

(3,620,624

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss per share, basic and diluted

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Continuing operations

 

$

(0.62

)

$

(0.39

)

$

(0.27

)

$

(0.25

)

Discontinued operations

 

$

 

$

0.10

 

$

 

$

 

Net loss per share

 

$

(0.62

)

$

(0.29

)

$

(0.27

)

$

(0.25

)

Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted

 

14,713,473

 

14,342,953

 

17,150,648

 

14,357,162

 

 

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Summary Consolidated Balance Sheets Data

 

 

 

June 30, 2010

 

December 31,

 

 

 

(Unaudited)

 

2009

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

4,585,803

 

$

9,026,002

 

Total assets

 

$

5,351,851

 

$

10,155,308

 

Total liabilities

 

$

2,750,045

 

$

2,883,432

 

Accumulated deficit

 

$

30,654,490

 

$

25,949,003

 

Total stockholders’ equity

 

$

2,601,806

 

$

7,271,876

 

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

Results of Operations —Second Quarter 2010 Compared with Second Quarter 2009

 

Revenue and Direct Costs

 

Revenue and direct costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 were consistent between years and are directly related to the Company’s Health Sciences segment.

 

No substantial revenue is expected from the Biospherics segment until the Company is successful in selling or licensing its technology.

 

Research and Development

 

Research and development expenditures relate solely to the Biospherics segment and consist primarily of salaries and related personnel costs, fees paid to consultants and outside service providers, and other expenses related to our efforts to develop D-tagatose for future commercialization.  We expense our research and development costs as they are incurred.

 

The clinical trials in the use of D-tagatose for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes have been the primary focus of the Biospherics segment.  The R&D expenditures for 2010 and 2009 consisted of both the Phase 3 clinical trial and a related Phase 2 Dose Range study.  The increase in R&D costs for the three months period ended June 30, 2010 over the same period in 2009 of $411,000 (36%) are related to concluding procedures for the Phase 3 trial.

 

The Dose Range trial and the efficacy portion of the Phase 3 trial will likely be completed in the second half of 2010.  As we have determined that it would take several additional years of clinical trials and could cost as much as several hundred million dollars to seek and obtain FDA approval for D-tagatose as a diabetes drug, the safety portion of the Phase 3 trial has been terminated.  We are actively seeking a pharma partner to continue the development of D-tagatose as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes.

 

Selling, General and Administrative

 

Our selling, general and administrative (S,G&A) expenses consist primarily of salaries and related expenses for executive, finance and other administrative personnel, professional fees and other corporate expenses, including facilities-related expenses.  S,G&A expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 increased $541,000 (83%) and $832,000 (59%) over those of the prior year.  The increase in S,G&A costs between 2010 and 2009 is primarily related to the expansion of the Company’s commercialization efforts of D-tagatose as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes and high-triglycerides.

 

Interest

 

Interest revenue in 2010 and 2009 was primarily derived from interest earned on the net proceeds of the sale of the InfoSpherix subsidiary in August 2007 and from the net proceeds of our November 2009 equity offering.  Interest income for the six months ended June 30, 2010 decreased by $26,000 with the decrease in funds available for investing and the lower rates of return available in the market compared to the same period in 2009.

 

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Results of Operations—2009 Compared with 2008

 

Revenue and Direct Costs

 

Revenue and direct contract costs are primarily related to our Health Sciences business, which started in July 2007 and has experienced a steady growth in business with new clients representing 52% of the growth between 2009 and 2008.  Revenue increased $333,000 (32%) between years and direct costs increased $51,000 (12%).  The consulting business generally provides services on either a fixed-price basis or a “time and expenses” basis, charging hourly rates for each staff member involved in a project, based on his or her skills and experience.  Engagement agreements typically provide for monthly billing and payment within thirty (30) days of receipt, and permit clients to terminate engagements at any time.

 

No substantial revenue is expected from the Biospherics segment until we are successful in selling or licensing its technology.

 

Research and Development

 

Research and development expenditures relate solely to the Biospherics segment and consist primarily of salaries and related personnel costs, fees paid to consultants and outside service providers, and other expenses related to our efforts to commercialize D-tagatose.  We expense our research and development costs as they are incurred.

 

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The clinical trials in the use of D-tagatose for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes have been the primary focus of the Biospherics segment.  The R&D expenditures for 2009 and 2008 consisted of both the Phase 3 clinical trial and a related Phase 2 Dose Range study.  The $2.8 million (71%) increase between years is related to the expansion of the Phase 3 trial to India and the related increase in the number of subjects participating in the trials.

 

In June 2009, we received the first batch of FDA current Good Manufacturing Practice (“cGMP”) D-tagatose, U.S. Pharmacopeia (“USP”) grade.  This and subsequent batches are being used in the ongoing clinical trials.

 

In December 2009, we entered into a Manufacturing Support and Supply Agreement with Inalco S.p.A of Italy.  Under the agreement we committed to the purchase of 25 metric tons of D-tagatose.  The entire purchase commitment of $1,100,000 was realized as an expense in 2009.  Of this amount $500,000 was paid in 2009, with the remaining balance payable in 2010.  An additional $300,000 of D-tagatose, separate from the above Manufacturing Support and Supply Agreement, was also purchased in 2009 from Inalco.

 

Selling, General and Administrative

 

Our selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related expenses for executive finance and other administrative personnel, professional fees and other corporate expenses, including facilities-related expenses.  The $129,000 (4%) increase in selling, general and administrative costs between 2009 and 2008 is primarily related to the expansion of our commercialization efforts of D-tagatose as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes.  These plans include the formation of regional Advisory Boards, with the first one held in October 2009.

 

Interest

 

Interest income in 2009 and 2008 was primarily derived from interest earned on the net proceeds of the sale of the InfoSpherix subsidiary in August 2007 and from the net proceeds of our November 2009 equity offering.  Interest income between years decreased $310,000 with the decrease in funds available for investing and the lower rates of return available in the market.

 

Income Tax

 

The 2008 income tax expense is related to the $2 million gain on sale in November 2008.

 

Discontinued Operations

 

On August 15, 2007, we completed the sale of InfoSpherix for $17 million ($15 million at closing and $2 million following a 15-month escrow period), pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement dated June 25, 2007.  The $2 million escrow balance was recorded as a gain on sale of the discontinued segment when it was realized in November 2008.  The sale was conducted to allow us to focus substantially all of our efforts on Biospherics.

 

The results of operations of the discontinued InfoSpherix segment, including the costs to sell the segment, are as follows:

 

 

 

2008

 

Interest income

 

$

70,000

 

Gain on sale of segment

 

2,000,000

 

Income from discontinued operations before taxes

 

$

2,070,000

 

 

Sales Backlog

 

Our backlog as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 (consisting solely of backlog from the Health Sciences business) was approximately $770,000 and $1.2 million, respectively.  We bill for our consulting services primarily on a time and expense basis and these amounts represent estimated contract values.  Further, our consulting

 

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contracts are generally terminable or subject to postponement or delay at any time by clients.  As a result, backlog at any particular time is not a reliable indicator of revenues for any future periods.

 

Critical Accounting Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of the contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and revenue and expenses for the period reported.  Estimates are based upon historical experience and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.  These estimates are evaluated periodically and form the basis for making judgments regarding the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the reported amount of revenue and expenses.  Actual results may differ substantially from these estimates.

 

Our critical accounting policies are those we believe are the most important in determining our financial condition and results, and require significant subjective judgment by management as a result of inherent uncertainties.  A summary of our significant accounting policies is set out in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.  Such policies are discussed below.

 

Accounting for Taxes and Valuation Allowances

 

We currently have significant deferred tax assets, resulting from net operating loss carry forwards.  These deferred tax assets may reduce taxable income in future periods.  Based on our losses and our accumulated deficit, we have provided a full valuation allowance against the net deferred tax asset.  Cumulative losses weigh heavily in the overall assessment of valuation allowances.

 

We expect to continue to maintain a full valuation allowance on future tax benefits until an appropriate level of profitability is sustained, or we are able to develop tax strategies that would enable us to conclude that it is more likely than not that a portion of our deferred tax assets would be realizable.

 

New Accounting Pronouncements

 

In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) established the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (Codification) as the source of authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) recognized by the FASB to be applied to nongovernmental entities and rules and interpretive releases of the SEC as authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. The Codification supersedes all the existing non-SEC accounting and reporting standards upon its effective date and subsequently, the FASB will not issue new standards in the form of Statements, FASB Staff Positions or Emerging Issues Task Force Abstracts. This guidance is effective for interim periods ending after September 15, 2009. We adopted this guidance for the period ended September 30, 2009, with no effect on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009.

 

In October 2009, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2009-13, which amends the Revenue Recognition topic of the Codification. This update provides amendments to the criteria in Subtopic 605-25 of the Codification for separating consideration in multiple-deliverable arrangements. As a result of those amendments, multiple-deliverable arrangements will be separated in more circumstances than under existing U.S. GAAP. The amendments establish a selling price hierarchy for determining the selling price of a deliverable and will replace the term fair value in the revenue allocation guidance with selling price to clarify that the allocation of revenue is based on entity-specific assumptions rather than assumptions of a marketplace participant. The amendments will also eliminate the residual method of allocation and require that arrangement consideration be allocated at the inception of the arrangement to all deliverables using the relative selling price method and will require that a vendor determine its best estimate of selling price in a manner that is consistent with that used to determine the price to sell the deliverable on a stand-alone basis. These amendments will be effective prospectively for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this update might have on our results of operations and financial position.

 

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Liquidity and Capital Resources — June 30, 2010

 

As of June 30, 2010, the Company had cash and short-term investments of approximately $4.7 million and expects to expend all of this amount within the next six months.  Our working capital was $3.0 million as of June 30, 2010, compared to working capital of $7.7 million as of December 31, 2009.   We have incurred substantial development costs in our efforts to explore whether D-tagatose is an effective treatment for Type 2 diabetes.  We have financed our development activities through the remaining proceeds received from the 2007 sale of InfoSpherix and the November 2009 stock placement.  Over the next 12 months, the Company expects that it will need to expend between $7 million and $13 million to support its development operations.

 

The Company recently announced that it is actively seeking a pharma partner to continue the diabetes development and that it will also explore D-tagatose as a potential treatment for high triglycerides.  Accordingly, the Company has terminated the safety portion of its Phase 3 diabetes clinical trial and expects to shift its research and development focus to D-tagatose as a treatment for triglycerides.

 

We will need to raise additional funds in 2010 to continue operations and will likely require additional capital raises thereafter to fully pursue the triglycerides opportunity.

 

Fundraising will likely require the issuance of additional Company equity securities and a purchaser of such securities will likely insist that such securities be registered securities.

 

In November 2009, we obtained net proceeds of approximately $6 million in a registered direct primary offering.  The common stock issued in the offering and the common stock which may be issued upon exercise of warrants issued in the offering have been registered under a Form S-3 registration statement declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) in October 2009.

 

Pursuant to SEC rules, the Company may not be in a position to issue additional shares of its common stock in another registered direct primary offering under a Form S-3 registration statement until mid-November 2010.  On July 2, 2010, the Company filed a Form S-1 registration statement with the SEC to begin the process of raising additional capital.

 

Further, NASDAQ rules require stockholder approval for certain stock issuances constituting 20% or more of a Company’s issued and outstanding stock.

 

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Liquidity and Capital Resources — December 31, 2009

 

Our working capital was $7.7 million as of December 31, 2009.

 

We will need to raise additional funds in 2010 to continue our operations.  Any such fundraising will likely require the issuance of additional Company equity securities and a purchaser of such securities will likely insist that such securities be registered securities.

 

We cannot be assured that we will be able to attract purchasers of securities to raise the additional funds.

 

BUSINESS

 

General

 

We were organized as a Delaware corporation in 1967.  Our principal segments are Biospherics, our biotechnology research and development business, and Health Sciences, a technical and regulatory consulting business.  The Health Sciences segment was created in July 2007 when Claire L. Kruger, CEO and COO, joined us in advance of the anticipated sale of our wholly-owned subsidiary, InfoSpherix Incorporated.  InfoSpherix was our information services segment and was sold on August 15, 2007 in a move to allow us to devote our resources to the activities of the Biospherics segment.

 

We have created two wholly-owned subsidiaries, Biospherics Incorporated and Spherix Consulting, Inc., for our two operating segments.  Our Health Sciences contracts are now in the name of Spherix Consulting, Inc. and our patents and other assets and operations have been transferred into the name of Biospherics Incorporated.  The subsidiaries began operations on January 1, 2009.  We provide management, strategic guidance, business development, marketing and other services to our subsidiaries.

 

Our principal executive offices are located at 6430 Rockledge Drive, Suite 503, Bethesda, Maryland 20817, and our telephone number is (301) 897-2540.

 

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Our common stock trades on the NASDAQ Capital Market system under the symbol SPEX.

 

Available Information

 

Our principal Internet address is www.spherix.com.  We make available free of charge on www.spherix.com our annual, quarterly and current reports, and amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC.

 

Biospherics

 

Biospherics is dedicated to development of D-tagatose.  Until June 2010, this development was limited to developing D-tagatose as a novel, first-in-class treatment for Type 2 diabetes.  The Company recently announced that it will actively seek a pharma partner to continue the diabetes development and that it will also explore D-tagatose as a potential treatment for high triglycerides, a risk factor for atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke.

 

Tagatose, a naturally occurring sugar, is a low-calorie, full-bulk sweetener previously approved by the Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) as a GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) food ingredient.  It is a true sugar that looks, feels, and tastes like table sugar.  During human safety studies supporting food use, we discovered and patented a number of health and medical uses for D-tagatose.  We hold the patents for use of D-tagatose as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes and the license for the pending PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty) patents for D-tagatose in new formulations as a treatment for high blood triglycerides.  The use patents for D-tagatose as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes expire in 2012, not including extensions.  If approved for use as a drug by the FDA as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes, we believe we will be eligible for a five-year New Chemical Entity (“NCE”) exclusivity period following FDA approval.  Similar legislation in Europe could provide seven years of market exclusivity in the European Union, if approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA).  If patents are awarded for the drugs for treatment of hypertriglyceridemia, twenty years of market exclusivity would be obtained in the USA.  Exclusivity in other countries could also be obtained by filing individual applications in countries covered by the PCT.

 

Diabetes Indication

 

We are currently conducting a Phase 3 trial to determine efficacy of D-tagatose as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes and a Phase 2 Dose Range trial to evaluate the effectiveness of lower doses of D-tagatose in treating Type 2 diabetes.  D-tagatose is believed to depress elevations of blood sugar levels in diabetic patients by increasing glycogen synthesis while decreasing glycogen utilization, resulting in an improvement of blood sugar control and modulation of HbA1c.  HbA1c is a key indicator that measures glycated hemoglobin in the blood and is a measure of long-term control of blood glucose.  Glucose is a sugar molecule that serves as a primary energy storage mechanism and glycogen is a molecule that functions as secondary long-term energy storage in humans.

 

We have obtained a blinded interim analysis in the Phase 3 trial, which does not affect the statistical power of the trial, as well as an unblinded interim analysis of the Phase 2 trial.

 

Results of the blinded interim data analysis of the Phase 3 trial demonstrate a significant reduction in variability of HbA1c levels, the primary endpoint of the trial.  The results suggest the study is powered sufficiently and the planned sample size may be adequate to detect a statistically significant reduction of HbA1c as low as 0.5 percentage point change.  The observed data to-date indicate the change in variability of HbA1c from baseline is favorable, and suggest that the current sample size gives the study sufficient power to achieve the statistical significance.

 

In addition, preliminary data from the Phase 2 Dose Range study demonstrates reductions of HbA1c levels at doses lower than those used in the current Phase 3 trial.  The doses being tested are: 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 g, which are administered orally with meals, three times daily.  After 6 months on drug, patients in the 7.5 g group experienced

 

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an average reduction of 0.3% in HbA1c over those of the 2.5 g group.  Over the same period, the 5.0 g group averaged a reduction in HbA1c of 0.05% over those from the 2.5 g group.  D-tagatose appears to begin showing an effect on HbA1c within the range of doses selected for this minimum-dose study.  The ongoing Phase 3 efficacy study is being conducted at a 15 g dose, three times a day.

 

Over the course of the Dose Range study, D-tagatose also changed the average serum triglycerides of the patients by -59 mg/dl by the end of the first month on therapy, a decrease from baseline at visit 2 (month 2) that remained at -41 mg/dl by the end of the 6 months of the trial.  D-tagatose also changed serum LDL by an average -13 mg/dl by the end of the first month on therapy, while serum HDL was essentially unchanged (+0.9 mg/dl). The LDL:HDL ratio was improved for two of the three dose groups by an average of 0.3.

 

The Company expects to announce efficacy results of the Phase 3 trial in September 2010 and anticipates completion of the Phase 2 Dose Range trial by the end of 2010.

 

Notwithstanding the favorable interim results and our expectation that the final results of our clinical trials will also be favorable, the cost burden of developing drugs specifically for diabetes has increased significantly within the last few years under evolving and more stringent FDA guidelines.  A company-commissioned analysis estimates it would take several additional years of clinical trials and could cost as much as several hundred million dollars to achieve a New Drug Application (“NDA”) filing for D-tagatose under current FDA guidelines.  European regulatory requirements are significantly lower and we believe Europe represents a better opportunity for development, especially given the longer exclusivity period granted to a new chemical entity.  We have determined that continued development of D-tagatose as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes requires the involvement of a pharma partner with the resources needed to fund the rest of the development and to bring it to market.  The results from the Phase 3 trial will be pivotal in these negotiations, and we expect that the Phase 3 data will show a robust proof of concept demonstrating safety and efficacy for D-tagatose for Type 2 diabetes, potentially making it an attractive candidate for further development by a pharma company.  Accordingly, we are actively seeking a strategic relationship with a pharma company for the continued development of D-tagatose as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes.

 

Triglycerides Indication

 

Secondary endpoints of our diabetes trials include triglyceride measurements.  High triglyceride levels are sometimes a symptom of conditions associated with heart disease such as obesity and metabolic syndrome, which is a condition associated with elevated glucose levels as well as excess fat around the waist, high blood pressure, high triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol.  Interim results of our Phase 2 Dose Range Study demonstrate a substantial reduction in triglycerides from patients who received 7.5 grams of D-tagatose compared to patients who received 2.5 grams of D-tagatose.  Results from Phase 3 will be analyzed to provide corroboration for proof of concept regarding potential impact of D-tagatose on triglycerides.

 

The program to investigate D-tagatose as a pharmaceutical agent to lower serum triglycerides will begin this year.  As per a normal pharmaceutical development plan, initial studies may include appropriate animal models in order to fully explore the mechanism of action on lipid metabolism, including triglycerides as well as LDL and HDL cholesterol.  The commercial intent of the triglyceride program is to develop a formulation, dose and dosing regimen appropriate for the lipid market segment and uniquely different from the diabetes market.  Thus, Spherix’s intent is to develop a completely new, second brand for triglycerides, separate from the diabetes brand.  Our goal is to produce a robust proof of concept in a Phase 2 clinical study, and then seek a pharma partner for further development of the triglycerides drug product.  We estimate that it will likely take up to three years to complete the studies/trials necessary to attract a pharma partner to complete the development and an additional 2-3 years to complete all necessary studies for an NDA filing.

 

We expect to incur substantial development costs in our Biospherics segment in the next several years, without substantial corresponding revenue.  We intend to finance our development activities through the remaining proceeds received from the 2007 sale of InfoSpherix, the net proceeds of the November 2009 registered direct equity

 

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offering, the net proceeds from this offering, and additional funds we will seek to raise through the sale of additional stock in the future.

 

Manufacturing

 

We do not own or operate our own manufacturing facilities.  We first acquired D-tagatose for use in the trials from Arla Foods Ingredients amba (“Arla”), our previous food and beverage use licensee.  However, Arla has discontinued manufacture of D-tagatose.  In 2009, our Biospherics subsidiary signed a Supply Agreement with Inalco, S.p.A., a manufacturer capable of providing us with batches of pharmaceutical grade D-tagatose for submission to the Drug Master File (“DMF”) in support of the planned NDA submission.  We are now using both Inalco and Arla D-tagatose in the Phase 2 and 3 trials.

 

Food and Beverage Use

 

D-Tagatose has been approved for use as a sweetener in foods and beverages in the United States since 2001.   D-Tagatose is 92% as sweet as sucrose, but with only 38% of the calories.  In 1997, and through a subsequent amendment, the world-wide right to sell D-tagatose for food and beverage uses, and the right to manufacture D-tagatose for all uses, was licensed to Arla (formerly MD Foods Ingredients amba, “MDFI”) of Denmark.  Arla has not been successful in generating any substantial market for D-tagatose, Arla has ceased manufacturing D-tagatose, and we have received no meaningful royalties from Arla under the license agreement.

 

Biospherics revenue from miscellaneous royalties accounted for 1% of our total revenue from continuing operations in 2009.

 

In June 2009, we terminated the 1996 license agreement pursuant to which we granted Arla Foods Ingredients Amba (“Arla”) the food and beverage rights to D-tagatose.  Per the termination agreement, we and Arla have fully released one another from all obligations.

 

Health Sciences

 

In July 2007, we entered into the Health Sciences business when Claire L. Kruger, CEO and COO, joined us in advance of the anticipated sale of our wholly-owned subsidiary, InfoSpherix Incorporated.  The Health Sciences business provides technical and regulatory consulting services to biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, as well as providing technical support for our R&D activities.

 

During 2009 and 2008, Health Sciences provided services to 12 and 16 companies, respectively.  We generally provide our services on either a fixed-price basis or a “time and expenses” basis, charging hourly rates for each staff member involved in a project, based on his or her skills and experience.  Our engagement agreements typically provide for monthly billing and payment of our invoices within thirty days of receipt.

 

The projects range from safety analyses of food ingredients to safety analyses of pharmaceutical manufacturing and dispensing equipment.  Many clients are large, well-known companies with a number of successful products on the market.  The proliferation of new products in the food and pharmaceutical areas creates a growing need for such regulatory services.

 

Revenues are primarily derived from services provided in response to client requests or events that occur without notice, and engagements, generally billed as services are performed, are terminable or subject to postponement or delay at any time by clients.  Revenues and operating margins for any particular quarter are generally affected by staffing mix, resource requirements, and timing and size of engagements.

 

Health Sciences is also monitoring and directing the Phase 3 clinical trial of D-tagatose for Biospherics.

 

Health Sciences revenue accounted for 99% of our total revenue in each of 2009 and 2008.

 

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Government Contracts

 

None.

 

Market Concentration

 

During each of 2009 and 2008, 99% of our revenue was generated from the Health Sciences business.  Revenue from five customers accounted for 19%, 16%, 14%, 12% and 11% in 2009, and three customers accounted for 38%, 14% and 14% of our revenue in 2008.  No other single customer accounted for 10 percent or more of consolidated revenue.  The loss of any of these customers could have a material effect on us if not replaced.

 

Patents

 

We have established a worldwide patent position for D-tagatose.  These patents are detailed in the following table:

 

Patent No.

 

Patent Title

 

Issue
Date

 

Expiration
Date

Canada 2,077,257

 

Process for Manufacturing D-Tagatose

 

2/19/02

 

1/7/11

Finland 106861

 

Process for Manufacturing D-Tagatose

 

4/30/01

 

1/7/11

Japan 3,120,403

 

Process for Manufacturing D-Tagatose

 

10/20/00

 

1/7/11

Korea 190671

 

Process for Manufacturing D-Tagatose

 

1/21/99

 

1/7/11

EPO 0 518 874

 

Process for Manufacturing D-Tagatose

 

5/15/96

 

1/7/11

U.S. 5,447,917

 

D-Tagatose as Anti-Hyperglycemic Agent (1)

 

9/5/95

 

9/5/12

U.S, 5,356,879

 

D-Tagatose as Anti-Hyperglycemic Agent (1)

 

10/18/94

 

2/14/12

Canada 1,321,730

 

D-Tagatose as a Low-Calorie Carbohydrate Sweetener and Bulking Agent

 

8/31/93

 

8/31/10

 


(1)         Patents pertaining to use of D-tagatose as treatment for Diabetes

 

The following patents are pending:

 

Title

 

Filing Date

 

Status

D-Tagatose-Based Compositions And Methods For Preventing And Treating Atherosclerosis, Metabolic Syndrome And Symptoms Thereof

 

November 4, 2009

 

Pending*

D-Tagatose And Biguanide Compositions And Methods

 

April 1, 2010

 

Pending

 


*Licensed from the University of Kentucky Research Foundation

 

If approved for use as a drug by the FDA as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes, we believe that those patents related to the use of D-tagatose as an anti-diabetes treatment may be eligible for a five-year New Chemical Entity (“NCE”) exclusivity period following FDA approval.  Similar legislation in Europe could provide seven years of market exclusivity in the European Union, if approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA).

 

With respect to all of our inventions, we have received numerous patents, including foreign issues.  In addition to our patent position, we rely on the common law protection of such information as trade secrets and on confidentiality agreements to protect the value of these assets.

 

Trademarks

 

We have trademarked each of “Spherix” and “Biospherics.”

 

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Sales Backlog

 

Our backlog as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 from the Health Sciences business was approximately $770,000 and $1.2 million, respectively.  We bill for our consulting services primarily on a time and expense basis and these amounts represent estimated contract values.  Further, our consulting contracts are generally terminable or subject to postponement or delay at any time by clients.  As a result, backlog at any particular time is not a reliable indicator of revenues for any future periods.

 

Competition

 

Biospherics

 

Competitors of Biospherics are numerous and include, among others, major pharmaceutical, chemical, consumer, and biotechnology companies; specialized firms; universities and other research institutions.  Our competitors may succeed in developing technologies and products that are more effective than any that are being developed by us, and that could render our technology and potential products obsolete and noncompetitive.  Many of these competitors have substantially greater financial and technical resources and production and marketing capabilities than us.  If approved, our major competitor as a monotherapy in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes will be Metformin, which generated  almost 50 million prescriptions in the U.S. market in 2009.  In the triglyceride market, the main categories of pharmaceutical agents include: fenofibrates (Tricor®, gemfibrozil, generics) with global sales of $2.2 billion; niacin-based agents (with sales of $1 billion globally) and the Omega-2 oil products (Lovasa®/GSK) with prescription sales approaching $1 billion globally.

 

Health Sciences

 

Competitors of Health Sciences are numerous, including some that are much larger companies with greater resources.  The segment’s success in winning and retaining clients is heavily dependent on the efforts and reputation of its CEO.  We believe the barriers to entry in particular areas of our consulting expertise are low.

 

Research and Development

 

Biospherics expenditures for research and development were approximately $6.2 million and $4.0 million in 2009 and 2008, respectively.  These expenditures were incurred in the ongoing efforts to commercialize D-tagatose.

 

In December 2009, we entered into a Manufacturing Support and Supply Agreement with Inalco S.p.A of Italy.  Under the agreement we committed to the purchase of 25 metric tons of D-tagatose.  The entire purchase commitment of $1,100,000 was booked as an expense in 2009.  Of this amount $500,000 was paid in 2009, with the remaining balance payable in 2010.  An additional $300,000 of D-tagatose, separate from the above Manufacturing Support and Supply Agreement, was also purchased in 2009 from Inalco.

 

Governmental Regulation

 

Our business activities are subject to a variety of Federal and state compliance, licensing, and certification requirements.  Products such as D-tagatose may not be commercially marketed as a drug without prior approval from the FDA and comparable agencies in foreign countries.  In the United States, the process for obtaining FDA approval typically includes pre-clinical studies, the filing of an Investigational New Drug application, or IND, human clinical trials and filing and approval of a New Drug Application, or NDA.  The FDA may, at any time, impose a clinical hold on ongoing clinical trials.  If the FDA imposes a clinical hold, clinical trials cannot commence or recommence without FDA authorization and then only under terms authorized by the FDA.

 

The results of the trials and other information are then submitted to the FDA in the form of an NDA for review and potential approval to commence commercial sales.  In responding to an NDA, the FDA may grant marketing approval, request additional information in a complete response letter, or deny the approval if it determines that the NDA does not provide an adequate basis for approval.  A complete response letter generally contains a statement of specific conditions that must be met in order to secure final approval of the NDA and may require additional testing.  If and when those conditions have been met to the FDA’s satisfaction, the FDA will

 

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typically issue an approval letter, which authorizes commercial marketing of the product with specific prescribing information for specific indications.  Any approval required from the FDA might not be obtained on a timely basis, if at all.

 

Among the conditions for NDA approval is the requirement that the manufacturing operations conform on an ongoing basis with current Good Manufacturing Practices, or cGMP.  A successful inspection of the manufacturing facility by the FDA is a prerequisite for final approval.  Following approval of the NDA, the third-party manufacturer(s) remain subject to periodic inspections by the FDA.  We also face similar inspections coordinated by the EMA by inspectors from particular European Union member countries that conduct inspections on behalf of the European Union and from other foreign regulatory authorities.  Any determination by the FDA or other regulatory authorities of manufacturing or other deficiencies could materially adversely affect our business.

 

In general, regulatory requirements and approval processes in European Union (EU) countries are similar in principle to those in the United States and can be at least as costly and uncertain. The European Union has established a unified centralized filing and approval system administered by the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use designed to reduce the administrative burden of processing applications for pharmaceutical products derived from new technologies.  In addition to obtaining regulatory approval of products, it is generally necessary to obtain regulatory approval of the facility in which the product will be manufactured.

 

However U.S. and EU requirements differ dramatically for antidiabetic medications.  In the U.S. the FDA guidance requires 2/3 more subjects to be studied than in the EU, and also markedly increases the duration of the studies both for efficacy and safety.  In addition, the FDA requirements for evaluating the cardiovascular risks associated with type 2 anti-diabetic medications markedly increases the study populations while also studying patients with relatively advance diabetes, some degree of renal impairment and at higher risk of cardiovascular events.

 

Requirements for the development of drugs to lower triglycerides have not changed and are similar in both the U.S. and EU.  The development program is considerably simpler than with type 2 antidiabetic medications with a smaller number of subjects to be studied and clinical studies of substantially shorter duration to demonstrate efficacy and safety of the drugs.

 

We are required to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, including the provisions of Section 404 on the assessment of internal controls as modified for non-accelerated filers.  Starting with its year ended 2007, we performed an annual evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and reports on management’s assessment of the adequacy of those controls in our annual report on Form 10-K.

 

The increase in accounting related regulations over the years, particularly those governing public companies, has had the effect of increasing our cost for external accounting services, from 0.3% of revenue in 1997 ($40,000) to 18% in 2009 ($240,000).

 

Environment

 

Compliance with current federal, state and local provisions regulating the discharge of materials into the environment, or otherwise relating to the protection of the environment, has not had, and in the opinion of management will not have, a material effect on our financial position, results of operations, capital expenditures, cash flows or competitive position.

 

Employees

 

We employ 11 individuals on a full- or part-time basis.  Of this total, 10 are full-time employees.  Our employees are not currently unionized, and management believes that our relations with such employees are harmonious.

 

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PROPERTY

 

Our office is located in Bethesda, Maryland, where we lease 5,000 square feet of office space under a lease that expires March 31, 2013.  We also leased 5,000 square feet of research lab and warehouse space for Biospherics in Annapolis, Maryland under a lease that expired June 30, 2009.  The capacity of the Bethesda facility is adequate for our current needs.

 

MANAGEMENT

 

The following table sets forth information concerning the Spherix Board of Directors.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Director

Name

 

Age

 

Position

 

Since

Douglas T. Brown

 

56

 

Director

 

2004

Claire L. Kruger

 

51

 

Director, and Chief Executive Officer

 

2007

Gilbert V. Levin

 

86

 

Director, and Chairman Emeritus

 

1967

Robert A. Lodder, Jr.

 

51

 

Director, and President

 

2005

Aris Melissaratos

 

66

 

Director

 

2008

Thomas B. Peter

 

57

 

Director

 

2009

Robert J. Vander Zanden

 

64

 

Director, and Chairman of the Board

 

2004

 

Mr. Douglas T. Brown, a Board Member since 2004, brings to the Board a broad understanding of the financial and other business aspects.  He is currently Senior Vice President and Manager of the Corporate Banking Government Contracting Group for PNC Bank N.A., Washington, DC.  Mr. Brown has been with PNC and its predecessor bank, Riggs Bank, since 2001 and previously worked for Bank of America, N.A. and its predecessor banks for 16 years as a Loan Officer, as well as a manager of Loan Officers in the Mid-Atlantic region.  Subsequent to 1990, the majority of Mr. Brown’s customers are companies that provided services to the Federal Government and State governments.  Mr. Brown holds a B.A. degree in Political Science from American University and a graduate degree from The Stonier Graduate School of Banking at the University of Delaware.  He is not now, nor has he been for the past five years, a director of a public, for-profit company other than us.

 

Dr. Claire L. Kruger, elected to our Board of Directors in August 2007, and also elected Chief Executive Officer and Director of Health Sciences at that time, brings vast scientific and regulatory guidance expertise to the Board.  Dr. Kruger received her Ph.D. in Toxicology from Albany Medical College, and her B.S. in Biology from Clarkson College.  With more than 20 years of consulting experience, her primary areas of expertise are in foods, consumer products and pharmaceuticals, where she provides scientific, regulatory, and strategic support to clients in both the U.S. and international regulatory arenas.  Dr. Kruger has conducted toxicity evaluations of foods and food contaminants, as well as health risk assessments and exposure assessments of drugs, cosmetics, and pesticides.  Her clients include food, drug, and dietary supplement manufacturers, agricultural producers, biotechnology companies, trade associations, and law firms.  In her role as a consultant, Dr. Kruger has been involved in the safety evaluation of a variety of consumer products, providing oversight of product compliance with current and emerging scientific and regulatory guidance. She is not now, nor has she been for the past five years, a director of a public, for-profit company other than us.

 

Dr. Gilbert V. Levin founded Spherix Incorporated in 1967 and served us in a variety of capacities from incorporation until his retirement in August 2008.  In addition to his senior management experience, Dr. Levin brings to the Board the perspective of a major Company stockholder.  He is currently Adjunct Professor in the Beyond Center of the College of Liberal Sciences, Arizona State University, and is an Honorary Professor at Cardiff University, Wales, UK.  Dr. Levin previously served in the public health departments of Maryland, California, and the District of Columbia and, subsequently, as a research scientist and corporate official.  Among his inventions are low-caloric sweeteners; biological nutrient removal (BNR) for municipal wastewater, rapid detection and identification of microorganisms; and the Labeled Release life detection experiment that landed on Mars in 1976 aboard NASA’s Viking Mission.  He holds a Bachelor’s, Master’s, and a Ph.D., all from The Johns Hopkins University, where he also served on its Board of Trustees and presently serves on its National Advisory Council for

 

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the Whiting School of Engineering. He is not now, nor has he been for the past five years, a director of a public, for-profit company other than us.

 

Dr. Robert A. Lodder, a Board member since 2005, and elected President in August 2007, brings his immeasurable scientific expertise to the Board.  He served as a Professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences at the College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky Medical Center, and holds joint appointments in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Division of Analytical Chemistry of the Department of Chemistry at Kentucky.  Dr. Lodder received his B.S. degree cum laude in Natural Science in 1981, and his M.S. in Chemistry in 1983 from Xavier University, Cincinnati, Ohio.  He received his Ph.D. in Analytical Chemistry in 1988 from Indiana University.  He was a founder of InfraReDx, Inc. in 1998 and Prescient Medical, Inc. in 2004.  Neither of these companies are public, and they do not engage in business with Spherix.  He is not now, nor has he been for the past five years, a director of a public, for-profit company other than us.

 

Mr. Aris Melissaratos, elected to our Board of Directors in February 2008, brings to the Board his immense business development and management experience.  He currently serves as Senior Advisor to the President of The Johns Hopkins University with responsibilities for technology transfer, corporate partnerships, and enterprise development.  From 2003 to 2007, he served as Secretary of Business and Economic Development for the State of Maryland, driving the state’s unemployment figures to an impressive 3.6% and positioning Maryland for leadership in the emerging “knowledge economy.”  He worked for Westinghouse Electric Corporation for 32 years, culminating as the corporation’s Chief Technology Officer and Vice President for Science and Technology, responsible for running Westinghouse’s research and development functions.  He also served as the Chief Operations Officer for the company’s Defense Electronics Group, where he was responsible for managing 16,000 employees (9,000 engineers) and $3.2 billion dollars of sales.  After Westinghouse, he became Vice President of Thermo Electron Corporation and CEO of its Coleman Research Corporation and Thermo Information Solutions subsidiaries.  He formed Armel Scientifics, LLC, which invested in over 30 start-up companies in Life Sciences and Advanced Technology.  He holds a B.E.S. in electrical engineering from The Johns Hopkins University, a Master of Science in engineering management from George Washington University, and has completed the program for Management Development at the Harvard University School of Business.  He completed the course work for a Ph.D. in International Politics at the Catholic University of America but did not complete the dissertation.  Mr. Melissaratos currently serves as a member of the Board of Directors of Avatech Solutions, Inc. in Owings Mills, Maryland, a software and technology firm; and as a member of the Advisory Board of Stronghold Advisors, a middle-market advisory firm in the Mid-Atlantic region, in Columbia, Maryland.  Neither of these companies engage in business with us.

 

Mr. Thomas B. Peter, elected to our Board of Directors in May 2009, brings his vast pharmaceutical and clinical trial expertise to the Board.  He has spent his entire 33-year career in the pharmaceutical industry.  Most recently, he served as a Regional Vice President for GlaxoSmithKline (GSK).  Prior to that, Mr. Peter had significant experience dealing with managed care organizations, serving as Director of National Accounts Sales at GSK, and before that position, worked as a Group Marketing Director.  Mr. Peter is a biology major graduate of Gettysburg College and a Master’s graduate of St. Joseph’s University in Philadelphia.  He is not now, nor has he been for the past five years, a director of a public, for-profit company other than us.

 

Dr. Robert J. Vander Zanden, Board member since 2004, having served as a Vice President of R&D with Kraft Foods International, brings a long and distinguished career in applied technology, product commercialization, and business knowledge of the food science industry to us.  Dr. Vander Zanden holds a Ph.D. in Food Science and an M.S. in Inorganic Chemistry from Kansas State University, and a B.S. in Chemistry from the University of Wisconsin — Platteville, where he was named a Distinguished Alumnus in 2002.  In his 30-year career, he has been with ITT Continental Baking Company as a Product Development Scientist; with Ralston Purina’s Protein Technology Division as Manager Dietary Foods R&D; with Keebler as Group Director, Product and Process Development (with responsibility for all corporate R&D and quality); with Grupo Gamesa, a Frito-Lay Company, as Vice President, Technology; and with Nabisco as Vice President of R&D for their International Division.  With the acquisition of Nabisco by Kraft Foods, he became the Vice President of R&D for Kraft’s Latin American Division.  Dr. Vander Zanden retired from Kraft Foods in 2004.  He currently holds the title of Adjunct Professor and Lecturer in the Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition at Clemson University, where he also is a member of their Industry Advisory Board.  His focus on achieving product and process innovation through training, team building and creating positive working environments has resulted in his being recognized with many awards for product and

 

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packaging innovation. Dr. Vander Zanden is not now, nor has he been for the past five years, a director of a public, for-profit company other than us.

 

Board Composition

 

Currently, the size of our board of directors is set at seven. Each of our directors serves a one-year term and is elected at each year’s annual meeting of stockholders. Our board of directors has determined that a majority of its members, Messrs. Brown, Melissaratos, Peter and Vander Zanden, are “independent” under the rules of the NASDAQ Capital Market.

 

Meetings and Meeting Attendance

 

During 2009, our board of directors met nine (9) times, the audit committee of our board of directors met six (6) times and the compensation committee of our board of directors met two (2) times. During 2009, each member of our board of directors nominated for re-election attended 75% or more of the aggregate of (i) the total number of meeting of our board of directors held during the period of such member’s service and (ii) the total number of meetings of committees on which such member served, during the period of such member’s service. We encourage all directors to attend our annual stockholders meetings. All directors (except Dr. Gilbert V. Levin) attended our 2009 annual meeting of stockholders.

 

Audit Committee

 

The Audit Committee members are Mr. Brown, Chair; Mr. Melissaratos, and Dr. Vander Zanden. The Committee has authority to review our financial records, deal with our independent auditors, recommend to the Board policies with respect to financial reporting, and investigate all aspects of our business. The Audit Committee Charter is available on our website at www.spherix.com. Each member of the Audit Committee satisfies the independence requirements and other established criteria of NASDAQ and the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Board of Directors believes that, while the members of its Audit Committee have substantial financial and management experience and are fully qualified to carry out the functions of the Audit Committee, none of its members meets the requirements of an audit committee financial expert as defined in the Securities and Exchange Commission rules.

 

Compensation Committee

 

The Compensation & Benefits Committee oversees our executive compensation and recommends various incentives for key employees to encourage and reward increased corporate financial performance, productivity and innovation. Its members are Mr. Melissaratos, Chair; Mr. Peter and Dr. Vander Zanden. There were two (2) meetings during this time period. The Compensation Committee Charter is available on our website at www.spherix.com.

 

Executive Committee

 

The Executive Committee may act on behalf of the Board of Directors on matters requiring action in the interim between meetings of the full Board. Its members are Dr. Vander Zanden, Chair; Dr. Kruger and Dr. Lodder.

 

Nominating Committee

 

The Nominating Committee recommends to the Board, for adoption by the Board, the proposed Board for election by the stockholders. Its members are Mr. Peter, Chair; Mr. Brown and Mr. Melissaratos. The Nominating Committee Charter is available on our website at www.spherix.com. The Nominating Committee does not have any formal minimum qualifications for Director candidates. The Nominating Committee identifies candidates by first evaluating current members of the Board who are willing to continue in service. If any member of the Board does not wish to continue in service or if the Board decides not to re-nominate a member for re-election, the Nominating Committee then identifies the desired skills and experience of a new candidate(s).

 

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Code of Ethics

 

We have adopted a worldwide Code of Ethics, which is available on our website at www.spherix.com.

 

Executive Officers

 

The executive officers are elected annually by the Board of Directors and are listed in the following table.

 

Name

 

Age

 

Position

Robert L. Clayton

 

46

 

CFO and Treasurer

Claire L. Kruger

 

51

 

Chief Executive Officer and Chief Operating Officer

Robert A. Lodder

 

51

 

President

 

Drs. Kruger and Lodder’s professional experience are discussed above.

 

Mr. Robert L. Clayton was elected to the Office of CFO in August 2007, and was elected Director of Finance and Treasurer in May 2005. Mr. Clayton previously served as Controller. Prior to joining us, he was a Senior Auditor for the public accounting firm Rubino & McGeehin Chartered. Mr. Clayton holds a B.S. in business and management from the University of Maryland and a C.P.A. from the District of Columbia. He is not now, nor has he been for the past five years, a director of a public, for-profit company other than us.

 

EXECUTIVE AND DIRECTOR COMPENSATION

 

We strive to pay our named executive officers at or near the median paid by comparable companies. In 2007, the Compensation Committee hired an outside company, Equilar, Inc., to compare the total compensation of our executives to the total compensation of fourteen (14) companies identified by Equilar, Inc. to be peer companies to us. The Equilar Report on Executive Compensation showed that our executives are not compensated at the same level as colleagues in peer companies. Based upon our fiscal health, however, it was determined by the Compensation Committee that in 2008 and 2009 no special efforts should be made to bring executive total compensation to equivalent levels of those in peer companies. The Compensation Committee recommended to the Board the salary adjustments for our executive officers. In 2010, the Board approved annual salaries for Dr. Kruger, Dr. Lodder and Mr. Clayton of $270,000, $220,000 and $200,000, respectively.

 

The following Summary of Compensation table sets forth the compensation paid by us during the two years ended December 31, 2009, to all executive officers earning in excess of $100,000 during any year.

 

Summary of Compensation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Change in

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pension Value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

and Non-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-Equity

 

Qualified

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock

 

Option

 

Incentive Plan

 

Deferred

 

 

 

 

 

Name and

 

 

 

 

 

Bonus

 

Award

 

Award

 

Compensation

 

Compensation

 

All Other

 

 

 

Principal Position

 

Year

 

Salary ($)

 

($)

 

($)(1)

 

($)(2)

 

($)(3)

 

Earnings ($)

 

Compensation ($)

 

Total ($)

 

C. Kruger

 

2009

 

190,000

 

 

10,850

 

 

95,000

 

 

 

295,850

 

CEO and COO

 

2008

 

186,667

 

 

18,600

 

 

76,000

 

 

 

281,267

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

R. Lodder

 

2009

 

170,000

 

 

 

 

59,500

 

 

 

229,500

 

President

 

2008

 

166,667

 

 

22,500

 

 

68,000

 

 

 

257,167

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

R. Clayton

 

2009

 

228,031

 

 

 

940

 

 

 

 

228,971

 

CFO and Treasurer

 

2008

 

224,625

 

 

 

940

 

 

 

 

225,565

 

 


(1)          On August 1, 2007, C. Kruger was granted 30,000 shares in restricted stock with a market price on the date of grant of $1.86. The restricted stock vested in equal amounts of 10,000 shares on August 1, 2007, August 1, 2008 and August 1, 2009. On August 16, 2007, R. Lodder was granted 15,000 shares in restricted stock

 

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with a market price of the date of grant of $2.00. The restricted stock vested in equal amounts of 7,500 shares on March 1, 2008 and September 1, 2008.

(2)          On February 17, 2006, R. Clayton was granted stock options for 2,000 shares, respectively. Information regarding forfeiture and assumptions made in the valuation are disclosed in Note 7.

(3)          Awards pursuant to the May 12, 2005 Spherix Incorporated Incentive Compensation Plan.

 

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

 

 

 

Option Awards

 

Stock Awards

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Number

 

Market

 

 

 

Number of

 

Number of

 

 

 

 

 

of Shares

 

Value of

 

 

 

Securities

 

Securities

 

 

 

 

 

or Units

 

Shares or

 

 

 

Underlying

 

Underlying

 

 

 

 

 

of Stock

 

Units of

 

 

 

Unexercised

 

Unexercised

 

Option

 

Option

 

that have

 

Stock that

 

 

 

Options (#)

 

Options (#)

 

Exercise

 

Expiration

 

not Vested

 

have not

 

Name

 

Exercisable

 

Unexercisable

 

Price ($)

 

Date

 

(#)

 

Vested ($)

 

C. Kruger

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

R. Lodder

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

R. Clayton

 

1,000

 

500

(1)

$

2.20

 

2/15/2011

 

 

 

 


(1)          Vested on 2/16/2010.

 

Potential Payment Upon Termination or Change in Control

 

We have agreed to pay our officers one year salary and health and welfare (COBRA) benefits upon termination by us or following a change of control.

 

Unless otherwise agreed by the Board of Directors, the named executive officers would be entitled to severance upon termination of employment pursuant to our severance policy. The policy provides:

 

Completed Service Years

 

Severance Pay

> 1 year

 

10 days

1 but less than 2 years

 

15 days

2 but less than 3 years

 

20 days

3 but less than 4 years

 

25 days

4 or more years

 

30 days

 

Director Compensation

 

The following table summarizes the compensation paid to non-employee directors during the year ended December 31, 2009.

 

Name

 

Fees Earned
Paid in Cash ($)

 

Stock Awards ($)

 

All Other
Compensation ($)

 

Total
($)

 

Douglas T. Brown

 

22,900

 

10,000

 

 

32,900

 

A. Paul Cox

 

4,900

 

 

 

4,900

 

Gilbert V. Levin

 

 

 

 

*

 

*

Aris Melissaratos

 

21,300

 

10,000

 

 

31,300

 

Thomas B. Peter

 

10,300

 

 

 

10,300

 

Robert J. Vander Zanden

 

23,500

 

10,000

 

 

33,500

 

 

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*

Under employment agreements with Dr. Gilbert V. Levin and Mrs. M. Karen Levin, our founders, we have agreed to provide Dr. and Mrs. Levin each with lifetime payments of $12,500 each quarter and to fund long-term lifetime healthcare and health insurance policies following their retirements on August 14, 2008 and January 4, 2006, respectively. At December 31, 2009, our liability for both Dr. and Mrs. Levin was estimated to be $480,000 for the lifetime payments and $240,000 for funding the long-term lifetime healthcare and health insurance policies based on actuarially determined amounts. The non-current portion of these amounts is reported on the accompanying balance sheet as deferred compensation. During 2009 and 2008, we paid Dr. and Mrs. Levin a combined total of $135,000 and $123,000 in post-retirement benefits. In addition, Dr. Levin also received $87,000 in salaries during 2008. Dr. Levin continues to serve as a member of the Board of Directors.

 

Non-employee directors receive the following annual compensation for service as a member of the Board:

 

Annual Retainer

 

$

5,000

 

To be paid in cash at May Board Meeting annually.

Stock Options

 

$

10,000

 

Number of shares to be calculated by dividing $10,000 by the closing stock price the day of the May Board Meeting. Option will vest immediately and be exercisable for a period of five (5) years.

Board Meeting Fees

 

$

2,500

 

To be paid for all in-person Board Meetings. Members must be present to be paid.

Committee Meeting Fees

 

$

800

 

To be paid for all in-person Committee Meetings. Members must be present to be paid.

Teleconference Fees

 

$

300

 

To be paid for all teleconferences called by either the Chairman of the Board, the President, or by the Chairman of the relevant Committee. Members must be on-line to be paid.

Additional Retainer

 

$

1,000

 

To be paid to the Chairman of the Audit Committee.

 

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

 

The following table sets forth the shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by all executive officers and directors as a group as of December 31, 2009. Except for Dr. Levin and his wife, no person is known by us to own beneficially more than 5% of the outstanding Common Stock. The ownership of Dr. Levin is detailed below.

 

Title of Class

 

Name of Beneficial Owner

 

Amount and Nature of 
Ownership

 

Percent Of 
Class

 

Common

 

Douglas T. Brown

 

46,318

(2)

*

 

Common

 

Robert L. Clayton

 

1,500

(2)

*

 

Common

 

Claire L. Kruger

 

30,000

(2)

*

 

Common

 

Gilbert V. Levin

 

2,419,307

(1) (2)

14.1%

 

Common

 

Robert A. Lodder, Jr.

 

27,852

(2)

*

 

Common

 

Aris Melissaratos

 

16,281

(2)

*

 

Common

 

Thomas B. Peter

 

6,666

(2)

*

 

Common

 

Robert J. Vander Zanden

 

37,318

(2)

*

 

Common

 

All Executive Officers and Directors as a Group

 

2,585,242

(2)

15.1%

 

 


*

 

Less than 1% of the outstanding shares of our Common Stock.

(1)

 

Includes shares owned by M. Karen Levin.

(2)

 

Included in the number of shares beneficially owned by D.T. Brown, R.L. Clayton, C.L. Kruger, G.V. Levin, R.A. Lodder, A. Melissaratos, T.B. Peter, R.J. Vander Zanden and All Executive Officers and Directors as a Group are 7,500, 1,500, 0, 0, 5,000, 0, 0, 7,500 and 21,500 shares, respectively, which such persons have a right to acquire within 60 days pursuant to stock options.

 

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As of December 31, 2009, Dr. Levin, 3170 S. Ocean Boulevard, #602S, Palm Beach, FL 33480, beneficially owned in the aggregate 2,419,307 shares of Common Stock (14.1% of the 17,150,648 outstanding shares). As principal stockholders, Dr. Levin and his wife are considered control persons with respect to us.

 

All directors and executive officers as a group, beneficial owners of 2,585,242 shares of Common Stock, owned 15.1% of the 17,150,648 outstanding shares. With the exception of Cede & Co., the holder of record for certain brokerage firms and banks, no other person is known by us to own beneficially more than 5% of our outstanding Common Stock.

 

In February 2001, the Board of Directors adopted the Rights Agreement (the “Agreement”). The Agreement provides each Stockholder of record a dividend distribution of one “right” for each outstanding share of Common Stock. Rights become exercisable at the earlier of ten days following: (1) a public announcement that an acquirer has purchased or has the right to acquire 10% or more of our Common Stock, or (2) the commencement of a tender offer which would result in an offeror beneficially owning 10% or more of our outstanding Common Stock. All rights held by an acquirer or offeror expire on the announced acquisition date, and all rights expire at the close of business on December 31, 2010. Each right entitles a Stockholder to acquire, at a stated purchase price, 1/100 of a share of our preferred stock, which carries voting and dividend rights similar to one share of our Common Stock. Alternatively, a right holder may elect to purchase for the stated price an equivalent number of shares of our Common Stock at a price per share equal to one-half of the average market price for a specified period. In lieu of the stated purchase price, a right holder may elect to acquire one-half of the Common Stock available under the second option. The purchase price of the preferred stock fractional amount is subject to adjustment for certain events as described in the Agreement. At the discretion of a majority of the Board and within a specified time period, we may redeem all of the rights at a price of $0.001 per right. The Board may also amend any provisions of the Agreement prior to exercise.

 

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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

 

Under employment agreements with Dr. Gilbert V. Levin and Mrs. M. Karen Levin, our founders, we have agreed to provide Dr. and Mrs. Levin each with lifetime payments of $12,500 each quarter to fund long-term lifetime healthcare and health insurance policies following their retirements on August 14, 2008 and January 4, 2006, respectively.  At December 31, 2009, our liability for both Dr. and Mrs. Levin was estimated to be $480,000 for the lifetime payments and $240,000 for funding the long-term lifetime healthcare and health insurance policies based on actuarially determined amounts.  The non-current portion of these amounts is reported on the accompanying balance sheet as deferred compensation.  During 2009 and 2008, we paid Dr. and Mrs. Levin a combined total of $135,000 and $123,00 in post-retirement benefits.  In addition, Dr. Levin also received $87,000 in salary during 2008.  Dr. Levin continues to serve as a member of the Board of Directors.

 

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

 

The following is a description of our capital stock and the material provisions of our certificate of incorporation, bylaws and other agreements.  The following is only a summary and is qualified by applicable law and by the provisions of our certificate of incorporation, bylaws and other agreements, copies of which are available as set forth under the caption “Where You Can Find More Information.”

 

General

 

Under our certificate of incorporation, we have 52,000,000 shares of authorized capital stock, of which 50,000,000 shares have been classified as common stock, $0.005 par value per share, and 2,000,000 shares have been classified as preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share.  As of June 30, 2010, there were 17,150,648 shares of common stock outstanding and no outstanding shares of preferred stock.

 

Common Stock

 

Subject to the rights of the preferred stock, holders of common stock are entitled to receive such dividends as are declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available for the payment of dividends.  We presently intend to retain any earnings to fund the development of our business.  Accordingly, we do not anticipate paying any dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future.  Any future determination as to declaration and payment of dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors.

 

In the event of the liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of Spherix, each outstanding share of our common stock will be entitled to share equally in any of our assets remaining after payment of or provision for our debts, other liabilities and payments to our preferred stockholders.

 

Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote per share on matters to be voted upon by stockholders.  There is no cumulative voting for the election of directors, which means that the holders of shares entitled to exercise more than fifty percent (50%) of the voting rights in the election of directors are able to elect all of the directors.

 

Holders of common stock have no preemptive rights to subscribe for or to purchase any additional shares of common stock or other obligations convertible into shares of common stock which we may issue after the date of this prospectus.

 

All of the outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and non-assessable.  Holders of our common stock are not liable for further calls or assessments.

 

The rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock that we may designate in the future.

 

This prospectus also relates to preferred stock purchase rights attached to our common stock. References in this prospectus to common stock shall be deemed to include the preferred stock purchase rights attached hereto.

 

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Preferred Stock

 

Our certificate of incorporation authorizes 2,000,000 shares of preferred stock.  Our board of directors is authorized, without further stockholder action, to establish various series of such preferred stock from time to time and to determine the rights, preferences and privileges of any unissued series including, among other matters, any dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preferences, sinking fund terms, the number of shares constituting any such series, and the description thereof and to issue any such shares.  Although there is no current intent to do so, our board of directors may, without stockholder approval, issue shares of an additional class or series of preferred stock with voting and conversion rights which could adversely affect the voting power of the holders of the common stock or the convertible preferred stock.  As of the date of this prospectus, there were no shares of preferred stock designated or outstanding.  In connection with our adoption of the stockholder rights plan described below, our board of directors designated 500,000 shares of our preferred stock as Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock.

 

One of the effects of the preferred stock may be to enable the board of directors to render more difficult or to discourage an attempt to obtain control of Spherix by means of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise, and thereby to protect the continuity of the management.

 

In 2001, we adopted a stockholder rights plan in which rights to purchase shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock (“Series A Preferred Stock”) were distributed as a dividend at the rate of one right for each share of common stock held as of the close of business on March 1, 2001.  The rights are designed to guard against partial tender offers and other abusive and coercive tactics that might be used in an attempt to gain control of Spherix or to deprive our stockholders of their interest in the long-term value of Spherix.  These rights seek to achieve these goals by forcing a potential acquirer to negotiate with our board of directors (or go to court to try to force the Board of Directors to redeem the rights), because only the Board of Directors can redeem the rights and allow the potential acquirer to acquire our shares without suffering very significant dilution.  However, these rights also could deter or prevent transactions that stockholders deem to be in their interests, and could reduce the price that investors or an acquirer might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock.

 

Each right entitles the registered holder to purchase one one-hundredth of a share (a “Unit”) of our Series A Preferred Stock at a price of $16.00 per Unit, subject to adjustment.  Each Unit of Series A Preferred Stock will be entitled to an aggregate dividend of 100 times the dividend declared per share of common stock.  In the event of liquidation, the holders of the Units of Series A Preferred Stock will be entitled to an aggregate payment of 100 times the payment made per share of common stock.  Each Unit of Series A Preferred Stock will have 100 votes, voting together with the common stock.  Finally, in the event of any merger, consolidation or other transaction in which shares of common stock are exchanged, each Unit of Series A Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive 100 times the amount received per share of common stock.  These rights are protected by customary anti-dilution provisions.

 

The rights will be exercisable only if a person or group acquires ten percent (10%) or more of our common stock (subject to certain exceptions stated in the plan) or announces a tender offer the consummation of which would result in ownership by a person or group of ten percent (10%) or more of our common stock.  Our board of directors may redeem the rights at a price of $.001 per right.  The rights will expire at the close of business on December 31, 2010 unless the expiration date is extended or unless the rights are earlier redeemed or exchanged by Spherix.

 

Series B Convertible Preferred Stock

 

The convertible preferred stock we are offering will be issued pursuant to a securities purchase agreement between each of the investors and us.  We urge you to review the form of securities purchase agreement and certificate of designation authorizing the convertible preferred stock, which will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, for a complete description of the terms and conditions applicable to the convertible preferred stock.  The following brief summary of the material terms and provisions of the convertible preferred stock is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, the certificate of designation authorizing the convertible preferred stock.  This prospectus also relates to the offering of the shares of our common stock upon the conversion of the convertible preferred stock issued to the investors in this offering.

 

We are authorized to issue [*] shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, pursuant to the Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock we will file with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.  This certificate of designation will  

 

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be authorized by our board of directors without approval by our stockholders pursuant to the authority vested in the board of directors under our certificate of incorporation.

 

The Series B Convertible Preferred Stock will be convertible at the option of the holder at any time into shares of our common stock at a conversion ratio determined by dividing the stated value of the convertible preferred stock, or $1,000, by a conversation price of $[*] per share.  The conversion price is subject to adjustment in the case of stock splits, stock dividends, combinations of shares and similar recapitalization transactions.  The conversion price may also be subject to adjustment if we issue rights, options or warrants to all holders of our common stock entitling them to subscribe for or purchase shares of our common stock at a price per share less than the daily volume weighted average price of our common stock, if we distribute evidences of our indebtedness or assets or rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any security to all holders of our common stock, or if we consummate a fundamental corporate transaction such as a merger or consolidation, sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of our assets, or an exchange or tender offer accepted by the holders of 50% or more of our outstanding common stock.  Subject to limited exceptions, a holder of shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock will not have the right to convert any portion of its Series B Convertible Preferred Stock if the holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% of the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to its conversion.

 

The Series B Convertible Preferred Stock is entitled to receive dividends (on an “as converted to common stock” basis) to and in the same form as dividends actually paid on shares of our common stock.

 

Except as required by law, holders of our Series B Convertible Preferred Stock are not entitled to voting rights, except that the affirmative vote of the holders of 67% of the outstanding shares of convertible preferred stock is required to take certain actions that may adversely affect the rights or preferences of the holders of convertible preferred stock, including authorizing any class of stock ranking as to dividends, redemption or distribution of assets upon a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our company senior to, or otherwise pari passu with, the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock and increasing the number of authorized shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock.  In addition, without the prior written consent of the holders of at least 67% of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, we may not amend our certificate of incorporation or bylaws in any manner that materially and adversely affects any rights of the holders of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock or repay or reacquire more than a de minimis number of shares of our common stock or securities convertible into or exercisable for our common stock.

 

The securities purchase agreement pursuant to which the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock will be issued prohibits us from issuing any shares of our common stock or any equity or debt securities convertible into our common stock for a period of 90 days after the closing of this offering.

 

We do not intend to list our Series B Convertible Preferred Stock on any securities exchange or automated quotation system.

 

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Options

 

As of June 30, 2010, there were options held by our employees and others to purchase an aggregate of 63,088 shares of common stock, exercisable at a weighted average exercise price of $1.61 per share.  We currently have 661,136 options/restricted stock available for grant under our equity incentive plan.

 

The $[*] per share exercise price of the warrants may be paid in cash or in shares of common stock.

 

Limitations on Directors’ Liability

 

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions indemnifying our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law.

 

In addition, as permitted by Delaware law, our certificate of incorporation provides that no director will be liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of the director’s fiduciary duty as a director.  The effect of this provision is to restrict our rights and the rights of our stockholders in derivative suits to recover monetary damages against a director for breach of the director’s fiduciary duty as a director, except that a director will be personally liable for:

 

·                  any breach of his or her duty of loyalty to us or our stockholders;

·                  acts or omissions not in good faith which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;

·                  the payment of dividends or the redemption or purchase of stock in violation of Delaware law;  or

·                  any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.

 

This provision does not affect a director’s liability under the federal securities laws.

 

To the extent that our directors, officers and controlling persons are indemnified under the provisions contained in our certificate of incorporation or Delaware law against liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, we have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is therefore unenforceable.

 

Provisions of Our Certificate of Incorporation and Delaware Law that May Have an Anti-Takeover Effect

 

Certain provisions set forth in our certificate of incorporation and Delaware law, which are summarized below, may have an anti-takeover effect and may delay, deter or prevent a tender offer or takeover attempt that a stockholder might consider to be in the stockholder’s best interests, including attempts that might result in a premium being paid over the market price for the shares held by stockholders.

 

Delaware Takeover Statute

 

Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (“DGCL”) prohibits a Delaware corporation that is a public company from engaging in any “business combination” (as defined below) with any “interested stockholder” (defined generally as an entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation and any entity or person affiliated with such entity or person) for a person of three years following the date that such stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless:

 

·                  before such date, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

·                  upon consummation of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding those shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers and by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer;  or

 

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·                  on or subsequent to such date, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66-2/3% of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested stockholder.

 

Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law defines “business combination” to include:

 

·                  any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;

·                  any sale, transfer, pledge or other disposition of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation involving the interested stockholder;

·                  subject to certain exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder;

·                  any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock of any class or series of the corporation beneficially owned by the interested stockholder;  or

·                  the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or through the corporation.

 

Undesignated Preferred Stock

 

Our certificate of incorporation contains provisions that permit our board of directors to issue, without any further vote or action by our stockholders, up to 2,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and, with respect to each such series, to fix the number of shares constituting the series and the designation of the series, any voting powers of the shares of the series, and any preferences and relative, participating, optional and other special rights and any qualifications, limitations or restrictions, of the shares of such series.  Our board could authorize the issuance of shares of preferred stock that could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or change in control that might involve a premium price for shares of our common stock or otherwise be in their interests.

 

Transfer Agent and Registrar

 

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is American Stock Transfer and Trust Company, LLC, whose address is 59 Maiden Lane, Plaza Level, New York, NY 10038.

 

Listing

 

Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “SPEX”.  We have not applied to list our common stock on any other exchange or quotation system.

 

DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

 

The warrants we are offering will be issued pursuant to a securities purchase agreement between each of the investors and us.  We urge you to review the form of securities purchase agreement and warrant, which will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, for a complete description of the terms and conditions applicable to the warrants.  The following brief summary of the material terms and provisions of the warrants is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, the form of warrant.  This prospectus also relates to the offering of the shares of our common stock upon the exercise, if any, of the warrants issued to the investors in this offering.  The warrants we are issuing to the placement agent in this offering to purchase shares of our common stock are not covered by this prospectus.

 

The warrants will have an exercise price of $[*] per share of our common stock and will be exercisable at the option of the holder immediately after issuance through and including the date that is the fifth year anniversary of the initial exercise date.  Subject to limited exceptions, a warrant holder will not have the right to exercise any portion of the warrant if the holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% of the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after the exercise.

 

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The exercise price of the warrants, and in some cases the number of shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants, will be subject to adjustment in the event of stock splits, stock dividends, combinations and similar events affecting our common stock.  The exercise price may also be subject to adjustment if we issue rights, options or warrants to all holders of our common stock entitling them to subscribe for or purchase share of our common stock at a price per share less than the daily volume weighted average price of our common stock or if we distribute evidences of our indebtedness or assets or rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any security to all holders of our common stock.  In addition, in the event we consummate a fundamental corporate transaction such as a merger or consolidation with or into another person or other reorganization event in which our common stock is converted or exchanged for securities, cash or other property, or we sell, lease, license or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets or we or another person acquires 50% or more of our outstanding common stock, then following such event, the holders of the warrants will be entitled to receive, for each share that would have been issuable upon exercise of the warrants immediately prior to such fundamental transaction, the number of shares of common stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of ours, if we are the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration receivable as a result of such fundamental transaction by a holder of the number of shares of common stock for which the warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such fundamental transaction.  Further, if we are acquired by a company that does not have its common stock traded on a national securities exchange, the warrant holders will have the right to have us (or our successor corporation) repurchase the warrants at their fair market value. Any successor to us or surviving entity shall assume our obligations under the warrants.

 

The warrant holders must surrender payment in cash of the aggregate exercise price of the shares being acquired upon exercise of the warrants.  If, however, we are unable to offer and sell the shares underlying these warrants pursuant to this prospectus due to the ineffectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, then the warrants may only be exercised on a “net” or “cashless” basis.  No fractional shares of common stock will be issued in connection with the exercise of a warrant.  In lieu of fractional shares, we will pay the holder an amount in cash equal to the fractional amount multiplied by the exercise price.

 

The warrants do not entitle the holders thereof to any voting rights, dividends or other rights as a stockholder of ours prior to the exercise of the warrants.

 

We do not intend to list the warrants on any securities exchange or automated quotation system.

 

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

We have entered into an engagement letter agreement, dated August 12, 2010, with Rodman & Renshaw, LLC pursuant to which, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the agreement, Rodman & Renshaw, LLC has agreed to act as our exclusive placement agent in connection with this offering.  The placement agent is not purchasing or selling any securities being offered by this prospectus, nor is it required to arrange for the purchase or sale of any specific number or dollar amount of the securities, but has agreed to use its reasonable best efforts to arrange for the sale of all of the securities in this offering.  We will enter into a securities purchase agreement directly with investors in this offering.

 

There is no requirement that any minimum amount of securities or dollar amount of securities be sold in this offering and there can be no assurance that we will sell all or any of the securities being offered.

 

NASDAQ rules generally require stockholder approval for issuance of stock in excess of 20% of outstanding shares.  On August 31, 2010, our stockholders provided such approval, subject to certain limitations, including:

 

·                  The aggregate number of shares issued in any offerings will not exceed 15,000,000 shares of our common stock (including pursuant to preferred stock, options, warrants, convertible debt or other securities exercisable for a convertible into common stock);

 

·                  The total aggregate consideration will not exceed $12 million in cash;

 

·                  The maximum discount at which securities will be offered will be equivalent to a discount of 20% below the market price of our common stock at the time of issuance;  and

 

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·                  Such offerings will occur within the three-month period commencing on August 31, 2010.

 

This offering will be conducted pursuant to the authority granted by our stockholders at the August 31, 2010 annual meeting.

 

Our agreement with the placement agent and the securities purchase agreement between us and each of the investors in this offering provide that the obligations of the placement agent and the investors are subject to certain conditions precedent, including, among other things, the absence of any material change in our business and delivery of a customary written legal opinion.

 

We currently anticipate that the closing of this offering will take place on or about [*], 2010.  On the scheduled closing date, the following will occur:

 

·             we will receive funds in the amount of the aggregate purchase price of the securities being sold by us, less the amount of the fees we are paying to the placement agent;

 

·             the placement agent will receive the placement agent fee, reimbursement of certain expenses and compensation warrants to purchase shares of our common stock in accordance with the terms of the engagement letter agreement;  and

 

·    we will deliver, or cause to be delivered, the shares of convertible preferred stock and the warrants being sold.

 

We have agreed to pay the placement agent a cash fee equal to 6% of the gross proceeds of the sale of the securities in this offering and to reimburse the placement agent for its expenses, up to a maximum of 1.5% of the gross proceeds of the sale of the securities in this offering, but in no event more than $45,000.  We have also agreed to grant compensation warrants to the placement agent to purchase up to that number of our shares of common stock equal to 3% of the number of shares of common stock underlying the common stock sold by us in this offering, or up to an aggregate of [*] shares.   The compensation warrants will be substantially on the same terms as the warrants offered hereby, except that they will have an exercise price of $[*] per share and will be exercisable through and including the date that is the second year anniversary of the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, and will comply with Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or FINRA, Rule 5110(g) in that for a period of six months after their date of issuance (which shall not be earlier than the closing date of this offering), neither the compensation warrants nor any shares issuable upon exercise of the compensation warrants shall be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged, or hypothecated, or be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put, or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of the securities by any person, except the transfer of any security:

 

·    by operation of law or by reason of reorganization of us;

 

·             to any Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) member firm participating in this offering and the officers or partners thereof, if all securities so transferred remain subject to the lock-up restriction described above for the remainder of the timer period;

 

·             if the aggregate amount of our securities held by the placement agent or related persons does not exceed 1% of the securities being offered;

 

·             that is beneficially owned on a pro-rata basis by all equity owners of an investment fund, provided that no participating member manages or otherwise directs investments by the fund, and participating members in the aggregate do not own more than 10% of the equity in the fund;  or

 

·             the exercise or conversion of any security, if all securities received remain subject to the lock-up restriction set forth above for the remainder of the time period.

 

The following table shows the per preferred share and total fees we will pay to the placement agent in connection with the sale of the units  

 

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offered pursuant to this prospectus, assuming the purchase of all of the units being offered hereby.  Because there is no minimum offering amount required as a condition to closing in this offering, the actual total offering fees, if any, are not presently determinable and may be substantially less than the maximum amount set forth below.

 

Per preferred share placement agent fees

 

$

[*]

 

Maximum offering total

 

$

[*]

 

 

We estimate that the total expenses of the offering by us, excluding the placement agent’s fees, will be approximately $[*].

 

The purchase price per preferred share, the effective acquisition price of the common stock underlying the convertible preferred stock, the dividend and other payments due the convertible preferred stock and the exercise price of the warrants were determined based on discussions with the placement agent.

 

We have agreed to indemnify the placement agent and its respective affiliates against certain liabilities, including liabilities relating to and arising out of its activities under the engagement letter agreement.  We have also agreed to contribute to payments the placement agent may be required to make in respect of such liabilities.

 

We have agreed that we will not issue, enter into any agreement to issue or announce the issuance or proposed issuance of any shares of our common stock, or securities that would entitle the holder thereof to acquire shares of our common stock, for a period of 90 days from the closing date of this offering without the prior written consent of purchasers holding at least two-thirds in interest of the convertible preferred stock (on an as converted basis) then outstanding.

 

A copy of the engagement letter agreement with the placement agent, the form of securities purchase agreement to be entered into with the investors in this offering and the form of common stock purchase warrant have been or will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

 

The placement agent has informed us that it will not engage in over-allotment, stabilizing transactions or syndicate covering transactions in connection with this offering.

 

The transfer agent for our common stock is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company.  We will act as transfer agent for the convertible preferred stock and warrants being offered hereby.

 

Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “SPEX”.  The convertible preferred stock and the warrants being offered hereby are not expected to be eligible for trading on any market.

 

LEGAL MATTERS

 

Baxter, Baker, Sidle, Conn & Jones, P.A. of Baltimore, Maryland, our counsel in connection with the offering, has issued an opinion about the validity of the securities being offered.

 

EXPERTS

 

The financial statements and schedules included in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement have been so incorporated by reference in reliance upon the report of Grant Thornton LLP, independent registered public accountants, upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing in giving said reports.

 

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

 

We file annual, quarterly, and current reports, proxy statements, and other documents with the Securities and Exchange Commission. You may read and copy any document we file at the SEC’s public reference room at 100 F Street NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. You should call 1-800-SEC-0330 for more information on the public reference room. The SEC maintains an internet site at http://www.sec.gov where certain information regarding issuers (including Spherix) may be found.

 

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SPHERIX INCORPORATED

 

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

 

Page

For the Quarter Ended June 30, 2010

 

 

 

Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 (Unaudited)

54

 

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2010 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2009

55

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 (Unaudited)

56

 

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

57

 

 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2009

 

 

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

62

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008

63

 

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2009 and 2008

64

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008

65

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008

66

 

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

67

 

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Spherix Incorporated

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

Three Months Ended June 30,

 

Six Months Ended June 30,

 

 

 

2010

 

2009

 

2010

 

2009

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

 

$

327,139

 

$

332,241

 

$

659,430

 

$

692,911

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating expense

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Direct costs

 

(112,270

)

(109,123

)

(231,899

)

(239,665

)

Research and development expense

 

(1,544,605

)

(1,133,962

)

(2,856,484

)

(2,695,351

)

Selling, general and administrative expense

 

(1,230,103

)

(649,096

)

(2,280,750

)

(1,408,366

)

Total operating expense

 

(2,886,978

)

(1,892,181

)

(5,369,133

)

(4,343,382

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss from operations

 

(2,559,839

)

(1,559,940

)

(4,709,703

)

(3,650,471

)

Interest income

 

2,228

 

5,400

 

4,216

 

29,847

 

Loss before taxes

 

(2,557,611

)

(1,554,540

)

(4,705,487

)

(3,620,624

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income tax expense

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

 

$

(2,557,611

)

$

(1,554,540

)

$

(4,705,487

)

$

(3,620,624

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss per share, basic

 

$

(0.15

)

$

(0.11

)

$

(0.27

)

$

(0.25

)

Net loss per share, diluted

 

$

(0.15

)

$

(0.11

)

$

(0.27

)

$

(0.25

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average shares outstanding, basic

 

17,150,648

 

14,357,162

 

17,150,648

 

14,357,162

 

Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted

 

17,150,648

 

14,357,162

 

17,150,648

 

14,357,162

 

 

The accompanying notes to financial statements are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

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Spherix Incorporated

Consolidated Balance Sheets

 

 

 

June 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

 

December 31,
 2009

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

Current assets

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

4,585,803

 

$

9,026,002

 

Short-term investments, held to maturity

 

125,000

 

375,003

 

Trade accounts receivable, net

 

286,102

 

274,153

 

Other receivables

 

28,886

 

948

 

Prepaid expenses and other assets

 

95,141

 

209,255

 

Total current assets

 

5,120,932

 

9,885,361

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Property and equipment, net

 

189,964

 

225,958

 

Patents, net of accumulated amortization of $41,622 and $38,588

 

5,330

 

8,364

 

Deposit

 

35,625

 

35,625

 

Total assets

 

$

5,351,851

 

$

10,155,308

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

 

$

1,651,338

 

$

1,714,140

 

Accrued salaries and benefits

 

396,896

 

388,665

 

Deferred revenue

 

65,932

 

90,915

 

Total current liabilities

 

2,114,166

 

2,193,720

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred compensation

 

540,000

 

580,000

 

Deferred rent

 

95,879

 

109,712

 

Total liabilities

 

2,750,045

 

2,883,432

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commitments and contingencies

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding

 

 

 

Common stock, $0.005 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized; 17,231,086 issued, and 17,150,648 shares outstanding at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009

 

86,155

 

86,155

 

Paid-in capital in excess of par value

 

33,634,927

 

33,599,510

 

Treasury stock, 80,438 shares, at cost at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009

 

(464,786

)

(464,786

)

Accumulated deficit

 

(30,654,490

)

(25,949,003

)

Total stockholders’ equity

 

2,601,806

 

7,271,876

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

$

5,351,851

 

$

10,155,308

 

 

The accompanying notes to financial statements are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

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Spherix Incorporated

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

Six Months Ended June 30,

 

 

 

2010

 

2009

 

Cash flows from operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

 

$

(4,705,487

)

$

(3,620,624

)

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

39,028

 

45,349

 

Loss on disposal of assets

 

 

5,599

 

Bad debt expense

 

40,000

 

 

Stock-based compensation

 

35,417

 

15,880

 

Changes in assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

(51,949

)

(58,014

)

Other receivables

 

(27,938

)

31,081

 

Prepaid expenses and other assets

 

114,114

 

107,992

 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

 

(54,571

)

197,584

 

Deferred rent

 

(13,833

)

(14,292

)

Deferred compensation

 

(40,000

)

(75,000

)

Deferred revenue

 

(24,983

)

56,969

 

Net cash used in operating activities

 

(4,690,202

)

(3,307,476

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flow from investing activities

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from the maturity of short-term investments

 

250,003

 

295,088

 

Proceeds from the sale of fixed assets

 

 

500

 

Net cash provided by investing activities

 

250,003

 

295,588

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

 

(4,440,199

)

(3,011,888

)

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

 

9,026,002

 

9,404,843

 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

 

$

4,585,803

 

$

6,392,955

 

 

The accompanying notes to financial statements are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

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Spherix Incorporated

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

1.                                      Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company are unaudited and do not include all of the information and disclosures generally required for annual financial statements.  In the opinion of management, the statements contain all material adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of June 30, 2010, the results of its operations for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, and its cash flows for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2010 and 2009.  This report should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, which does contain the complete information and disclosure for the year ended December 31, 2009.

 

The Company operates via two principal segments, Biospherics and Health Sciences.  Biospherics seeks to develop proprietary products for commercial application.  Health Sciences provides technical and regulatory consulting services to biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, as well as providing technical support for the Biospherics segment.

 

The Company has created two wholly-owned subsidiaries, Biospherics Incorporated and Spherix Consulting, Inc., for its two operating segments.  The Company’s Health Sciences contracts are now in the name of Spherix Consulting, Inc. and the Company’s patents are in the name of Biospherics Incorporated.  The subsidiaries began operations on January 1, 2009.  Spherix now provides management, strategic guidance, business development, marketing and other services to its subsidiaries.

 

2.                                      Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

As of June 30, 2010, the Company had cash and short-term investments of approximately $4.7 million and expects to expend all of this amount within the next six months.  Our working capital was $3.0 million as of June 30, 2010, compared to working capital of $7.7 million as of December 31, 2009.   We have incurred substantial development costs in our efforts to explore whether D-tagatose is an effective treatment for Type 2 diabetes.  We have financed our development activities through the remaining proceeds received from the 2007 sale of InfoSpherix and the November 2009 stock placement.  Over the next 12 months, the Company expects that it will need to expend between $7 million and $9 million to support its development operations.

 

The Company recently announced that it is actively seeking a pharma partner to continue the diabetes development and that it will also explore D-tagatose as a potential treatment for high triglycerides.  Accordingly, the Company has terminated the safety portion of its Phase 3 diabetes clinical trial and expects to shift its research and development focus to D-tagatose as a treatment for triglycerides.

 

We will need to raise additional funds in 2010 to continue operations and will likely require additional capital raises thereafter to fully pursue the triglycerides opportunity.

 

Fundraising will likely require the issuance of additional Company equity securities and a purchaser of such securities will likely insist that such securities be registered securities.

 

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In November 2009, we obtained net proceeds of approximately $6 million in a registered direct primary offering.  The common stock issued in the offering and the common stock which may be issued upon exercise of warrants issued in the offering have been registered under a Form S-3 registration statement declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) in October 2009.

 

Pursuant to SEC rules, the Company may not be in a position to issue additional shares of its common stock in another registered direct primary offering under a Form S-3 registration statement until mid-November 2010.  On July 2, 2010, the Company filed a Form S-1 registration statement with the SEC to begin the process of raising additional capital.

 

Further, NASDAQ rules require stockholder approval for certain stock issuances constituting 20% or more of a Company’s issued and outstanding stock.

 

The Company cannot be assured that it will be able to attract a purchaser of securities to raise the additional funds it will likely require in 2010; that the Company will be able to obtain any required stockholder approval; or that the Company will be able to have a Form S-1 registration statement declared effective to complete such an offering.

 

3.                          Concentrations of Credit Risk

 

The Company maintains cash balances at several banks.  Accounts at each institution are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation up to $250,000.  At June 30, 2010, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents in excess of the FDIC limits were $4.4 million.  The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant risks.

 

4.                          Use of Estimates and Assumptions

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  This requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period.  Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions.

 

5.                                      New Accounting Pronouncements

 

In October 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASC Update No. 2009-13, which amends the Revenue Recognition topic of the Codification. This update provides amendments to the criteria in Subtopic 605-25 of the Codification for separating consideration in multiple-deliverable arrangements. As a result of those amendments, multiple-deliverable arrangements will be separated in more circumstances than under existing U.S. GAAP. The amendments establish a selling price hierarchy for determining the selling price of a deliverable  

 

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and will replace the term fair value in the revenue allocation guidance with selling price to clarify that the allocation of revenue is based on entity-specific assumptions rather than assumptions of a marketplace participant. The amendments will also eliminate the residual method of allocation and require that arrangement consideration be allocated at the inception of the arrangement to all deliverables using the relative selling price method and will require that a vendor determine its best estimate of selling price in a manner that is consistent with that used to determine the price to sell the deliverable on a stand-alone basis. These amendments will be effective prospectively for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this update might have on our results of operations and financial position.

 

OtherAccounting Standard Updates issued during the six months ended June 30, 2010 are not applicable to the Company and are not anticipated to have an effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

 

6.                                      Short-term Investments

 

The Company’s short-term investments consist of investments in debt securities held to maturity, which mature in one year or less, and are valued at amortized cost, which approximates fair value.

 

7.                                      Fair Value Measurements

 

The Company has elected not to apply the fair value option to measure any of the financial assets and liabilities on its balance sheet not already valued at fair value under other accounting pronouncements. These other financial assets and liabilities are primarily short-term investments, accounts receivable, and accounts payable, which are reported at historical value. The fair value of these financial assets and liabilities approximates their fair value because of their short duration.

 

8.                                      Net Loss Per Share

 

Basic net loss per common share has been computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year.  Diluted net loss per common share has been computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding without an assumed increase in common shares outstanding for common stock equivalents, as all common stock equivalents are antidilutive because of the loss position.  At June 30, 2010, 12,188 of the Company’s 63,088 outstanding options and 1,187,174 outstanding warrants were considered common stock equivalents as the exercise prices of these options were all below the average market price of the Company’s common stock for the period.  At December 31, 2009, none of the Company’s 40,500 outstanding options or 1,187,174 warrants were considered common stock equivalents as the exercise prices were all above the average market price of the Company’s common stock for the period.

 

9.                                      Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation

 

For the three- and six-months ended June 30, 2010, the Company recognized $28,772 and $30,417 in stock-based compensation expense relating to 35,088 and 28,000 stock options awarded in May 2010 and February 2006, compared to $3,000 and $7,000 for the three- and six-months  

 

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ended June 30, 2009, respectively.  As of June 30, 2010, there were no unvested options to purchase common stock under the plans.

 

For the three- and six-months ended June 30, 2010, the Company recognized $3,000 and $5,000 in stock-based compensation expense relating to 11,900 and 30,000 shares in restricted stock the Company granted in August 2009 and 2007, compared to $5,000 and $9,000 for the three- and six-months ended June 30, 2009, respectively.

 

A summary of option activity under the Company’s stock option plan for the six months ended June 30, 2010, is presented below:

 

Options

 

Shares

 

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

 

Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term

 

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value

 

Outstanding at beginning of year

 

40,500

 

$

2.57

 

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

35,088

 

$

1.14

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expired or forfeited

 

12,500

 

$

3.41

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding at June 30, 2010

 

63,088

 

$

1.61

 

3.0

 

$

7,368

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercisable at June 30, 2010

 

63,088

 

$

1.61

 

3.0

 

$

7,368

 

 

10.                               Income Taxes

 

Deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each year end, based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income.  A valuation allowance is established based upon periodic assessments made by management to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.  Income tax expense is the current tax provision for the period and the change during the period in deferred tax assets and liabilities.

 

11.                               Information by Business Segment

 

Operating segments are components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.  The Company operates via two principal segments, Biospherics and Health Sciences.  Biospherics seeks to develop proprietary products for commercial application.  Health Sciences provides technical and regulatory consulting services to biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, as well as aiding the Biospherics segment.

 

Financial information by business segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 is summarized below:

 

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Three Months Ended June 30,

 

Six Months Ended June 30,

 

 

 

 

 

2010

 

2009

 

2010

 

2009

 

Revenue

 

Biospherics

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

 

 

Health Sciences

 

327,000

 

332,000

 

659,000

 

693,000

 

 

 

Total revenue

 

$

327,000

 

$

332,000

 

$

659,000

 

$

693,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating (Loss) Income

 

Biospherics

 

$

(1,900,000

)

$

(1,202,000

)

$

(3,474,000

)

$

(2,828,000

)

and Loss Before

 

Health Sciences

 

54,000

 

186,000

 

155,000

 

349,000

 

Income Taxes

 

General

 

(714,000

)

(544,000

)

(1,390,000

)

(1,172,000

)

 

 

Total operating loss

 

(2,560,000

)

(1,560,000

)

(4,709,000

)

(3,651,000

)

 

 

Interest income

 

2,000

 

5,000

 

4,000

 

30,000

 

 

 

Loss from operations before income taxes

 

$

(2,558,000

)

$

(1,555,000

)

$

(4,705,000

)

$

(3,621,000

)

 

 

 

 

 

June 30,

 

Dec 31,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2010

 

2009

 

 

 

 

 

Identifiable Assets

 

Biospherics

 

$

5,000

 

$

8,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Health Sciences

 

314,000

 

274,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

General corporate assets

 

5,033,000

 

9,873,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total assets

 

$

5,352,000

 

$

10,155,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

12.                               Subsequent Events

 

The Company evaluated all events or transactions after June 30, 2010 through the date the financial statements were issued.  During this period, the Company did not have any significant subsequent events.

 

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

Board of Directors and Shareholders

Spherix Incorporated

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Spherix Incorporated (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2009. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Spherix Incorporated as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2009 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1, the Company incurred a net loss of $9,148,631 during the year ended December 31, 2009, and, as of that date, the Company had $9,026,002 in cash, and used $7,832,625 in cash for operations for the year ended December 31, 2009.  These factors, among others, as discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

 

 

/s/  Grant Thornton LLP

 

Baltimore, MD

March 30, 2010

 

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Spherix Incorporated

Consolidated Statements of Operations

For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

 

$

1,359,110

 

$

1,025,961

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating expense

 

 

 

 

 

Direct costs

 

449,293

 

397,645

 

Research and development expense

 

6,830,957

 

4,004,565

 

Selling, general and administrative expense

 

3,265,137

 

3,135,310

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total operating expense

 

10,545,387

 

7,537,520

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss from operations

 

(9,186,277

)

(6,511,559

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest income

 

37,646

 

348,443

 

Interest expense

 

 

(2,220

)

Other expense

 

 

(5,994

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss from continuing operations before taxes

 

(9,148,631

)

(6,171,330

)

Income tax benefit

 

 

552,803

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss from continuing operations

 

(9,148,631

)

(5,618,527

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Discontinued operations

 

 

 

 

 

Income from discontinued operations

 

 

2,070,091

 

Income tax expense

 

 

(587,098

)

Income from discontinued operations

 

 

1,482,993

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

 

$

(9,148,631

)

$

(4,135,534

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net (loss) income per share, basic

 

 

 

 

 

Continuing operations

 

$

(0.62

)

$

(0.39

)

Discontinued operations

 

$

 

$

0.10

 

Net (loss) income per share, basic

 

$

(0.62

)

$

(0.29

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net (loss) income per share, diluted

 

 

 

 

 

Continuing operations

 

$

(0.62

)

$

(0.39

)

Discontinued operations

 

$

 

$

0.10

 

Net (loss) income per share, diluted

 

$

(0.62

)

$

(0.29

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average shares outstanding, basic

 

14,713,473

 

14,342,953

 

Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted

 

14,713,473

 

14,342,953

 

 

The accompanying notes to financial statements are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

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Spherix Incorporated

Consolidated Balance Sheets

As of December 31, 2009 and 2008

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

Current assets

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

9,026,002

 

$

9,404,843

 

Short-term investments, held to maturity

 

375,003

 

1,894,434

 

Trade accounts receivable

 

274,153

 

281,342

 

Other receivables

 

948

 

37,223

 

Prepaid expenses and other assets

 

209,255

 

282,971

 

Total current assets

 

9,885,361

 

11,900,813

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Property and equipment, net

 

225,958

 

310,365

 

Patents, net of accumulated amortization of $38,588 and $110,599

 

8,364

 

14,433

 

Deposit

 

35,625

 

35,625

 

Total assets

 

$

10,155,308

 

$

12,261,236

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

 

$

1,714,140

 

$

710,881

 

Accrued salaries and benefits

 

388,665

 

304,756

 

Deferred revenue

 

90,915

 

39,347

 

Total current liabilities

 

2,193,720

 

1,054,984

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred compensation

 

580,000

 

660,000

 

Deferred rent

 

109,712

 

136,736

 

Total liabilities

 

2,883,432

 

1,851,720

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commitments and contingencies

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding

 

 

 

Common stock, $0.005 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized; 17,231,086 and 14,437,600 issued, 17,150,648 and 14,357,162 outstanding at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively

 

86,155

 

72,188

 

Paid-in capital in excess of par value

 

33,599,510

 

27,602,486

 

Treasury stock, 80,438 shares, at cost at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively

 

(464,786

)

(464,786

)

Accumulated deficit

 

(25,949,003

)

(16,800,372

)

Total stockholders’ equity

 

7,271,876

 

10,409,516

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

$

10,155,308

 

$

12,261,236

 

 

The accompanying notes to financial statements are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

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Spherix Incorporated

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Paid-in

 

 

 

 

 

Retained
Earnings

 

 

 

 

 

Common Stock

 

Capital in

 

Treasury Stock

 

(Accumulated

 

Stockholders’

 

 

 

Shares

 

Amount

 

Excess of Par

 

Shares

 

Amount

 

Deficit)

 

Equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance, January 1, 2008

 

14,399,140

 

$

71,996

 

$

27,508,418

 

80,438

 

$

(464,786

)

$

(12,664,838

)

$

14,450,790

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation

 

38,460

 

192

 

94,068

 

 

 

 

94,260

 

Net loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

(4,135,534

)

(4,135,534

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance, December 31, 2008

 

14,437,600

 

$

72,188

 

$

27,602,486

 

80,438

 

$

(464,786

)

$

(16,800,372

)

$

10,409,516

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sale of common stock - registery direct, net

 

2,760,870

 

13,804

 

6,336,196

 

 

 

 

6,350,000

 

Cost of stock issuance

 

 

 

(416,347

)

 

 

 

(416,347

)

Stock-based compensation

 

32,616

 

163

 

77,175

 

 

 

 

77,338

 

Net loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

(9,148,631

)

(9,148,631

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance, December 31, 2009

 

17,231,086

 

$

86,155

 

$

33,599,510

 

80,438

 

$

(464,786

)

$

(25,949,003

)

$

7,271,876

 

 

The accompanying notes to financial statements are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

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Spherix Incorporated

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

Cash flows from operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

 

$

(9,148,631

)

$

(4,135,534

)

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Income from discontinued operations

 

 

(1,482,993

)

Income tax benefit

 

 

(552,803

)

Depreciation and amortization

 

84,377

 

85,718

 

Loss (gain) on sale of fixed assets

 

5,399

 

(14,701

)

Patent write-off

 

 

9,860

 

Stock-based compensation

 

77,338

 

94,260

 

Changes in assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Receivables

 

43,464

 

(112,755

)

Prepaid expenses and other assets

 

73,716

 

89,271

 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

 

1,087,168

 

(410,670

)

Deferred rent

 

(27,024

)

(19,795

)

Deferred compensation

 

(80,000

)

51,000

 

Deferred revenue

 

51,568

 

24,182

 

Net cash used in activities of continuing operations

 

(7,832,625

)

(6,374,960

)

Net cash used in activities of discontinued operations

 

 

(34,295

)

Net cash used in operating activities

 

(7,832,625

)

(6,409,255

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from the sale of subsidiary

 

 

2,070,091

 

Purchase of short-term investments

 

 

(1,894,434

)

Proceeds from the sale of short-term investments

 

1,519,431

 

 

Purchase of property and equipment

 

 

(183,403

)

Proceeds from the sales of fixed assets

 

700

 

15,187

 

Net cash provided by investing activities of continuing operations

 

1,520,131

 

7,441

 

Net cash used in investing activities of discontinued operations

 

 

 

Net cash provided by investing activities

 

1,520,131

 

7,441

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities

 

 

 

 

 

Net change in book overdraft

 

 

(33,302

)

Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net

 

5,933,653

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financial activities of continuing operations

 

5,933,653

 

(33,302

)

Net cash used in financing activities of discontinued operations

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

 

5,933,653

 

(33,302

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

 

(378,841

)

(6,435,116

)

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year

 

9,404,843

 

15,839,959

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of year

 

$

9,026,002

 

$

9,404,843

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Supplemental cash flow information

 

 

 

 

 

Interest paid

 

$

 

$

2,220

 

 

The accompanying notes to financial statements are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

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Spherix Incorporated

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

1.                                      Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation

 

The Company’s principal segments are Biospherics, our biotechnology research and development business, and Health Sciences, a technical and regulatory consulting business.  The Health Sciences segment was created in July 2007 when Claire L. Kruger, CEO and COO, joined the Company in advance of the anticipated sale of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, InfoSpherix Incorporated.  The Health Sciences business provides technical and regulatory consulting services to biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, as well as providing technical support for the Company’s own R&D activities.  The Company generally provides its services on either a fixed price basis or on a “time and expenses” basis, charging hourly rates for each staff member involved in a project, based on his or her skills and experience.  InfoSpherix was the Company’s information services segment and was sold on August 15, 2007 in a move to allow the Company to devote its resources to the activities of the Biospherics segment.

 

The Company has created two wholly-owned subsidiaries, Biospherics Incorporated and Spherix Consulting, Inc., for its two operating segments.  The Company’s Health Sciences contracts are now in the name of Spherix Consulting, Inc. and the Company’s patents and other assets and operations have been transferred into the name of Biospherics Incorporated.  The subsidiaries began operations on January 1, 2009.  Spherix now provides management, strategic guidance, business development, marketing and other services to its subsidiaries.

 

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business.  However, as discussed in Note 2, the Company incurred a net loss of $9.1 million for the period ended December 31, 2009, and as of December 31, 2009, had $9 million in cash and investments to fund operations, but anticipates expending between $9 million and $11 million of cash flows from operations during 2010.  In the absence of the Company being able to raise additional funds, this factor raises substantial doubt as to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.  The Company is currently pursuing opportunities to raise additional capital to support ongoing operations; however, the Company can provide no assurance that it will be able to secure these funds.  The financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classifications of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classifications of liabilities or any other adjustments that may be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Spherix Incorporated, Biospherics Incorporated and Spherix Consulting, Inc. (collectively, the “Company”).  All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

On August 15, 2007, the Company sold InfoSpherix.  Accordingly, the final payment received in 2008 from the sale of InfoSpherix is reported in the accompanying financial statements as discontinued operations in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

 

Use of Estimates and Assumptions

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  This requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period.  Significant estimates include amortization and depreciation.  Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions.

 

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Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash and cash equivalents.  At December 31, 2009, the Company had approximately $8.9 million invested in funds with a maturity of three months or less, which are included as cash and cash equivalents.  The Company maintains cash balances at several banks.  Accounts at each institution are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation up to $250,000.  At December 31, 2009, the Company’s cash and cash equivalent in excess of the FDIC limits was $8.7 million.  The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash.

 

Short-term Investments

 

The Company’s short-term investments consist of investments in debt securities, which mature in one year or less, and are valued at amortized cost, which approximates fair value.

 

Concentrations

 

During 2009 and 2008, revenue from five and three Health Sciences clients accounted for 72% and 66% of the Company’s total revenue, respectively.

 

Property and Equipment and Depreciation

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost and consist of office furniture and equipment, computer hardware and software, and leasehold improvements.  The Company computes depreciation and amortization under the straight-line method and typically over the following estimated useful lives of the related assets:

 

Office furniture and equipment

 

3 to 10 years

Computer hardware and software

 

3 to 5 years

 

Leasehold improvements are depreciated or amortized over the lesser of the term of the related lease or the estimated useful lives of the assets (generally 5 to 10 years).  Major additions, improvements and renewals are capitalized at cost and ordinary repairs, maintenance, and renewals are expensed in the year incurred.  Gains or losses from the sale or retirement of property and equipment result from the difference between sales proceeds (if any) and the assets’ net book value, and are recorded in the consolidated Statement of Operations.

 

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

 

Whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of long-lived assets, including patents and property and equipment, may not be fully recoverable, the Company evaluates the probability that the future undiscounted net cash flows, without interest charges, will be less than the carrying amount of the assets.  If any impairment is indicated as a result of this review, the Company would recognize a loss based on the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the estimated undiscounted future cash flows.  No such impairment was noted.

 

Patent Costs

 

Legal costs incurred in connection with patent applications and costs of acquiring patents are capitalized when incurred.  When patents are granted, costs are amortized over a term representing the lesser of the life of the patent or the projected sales period of the product or process.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Revenue is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, services have been rendered, the contract price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured.  On time and expense contracts revenue is recognized at contractually agreed-upon rates based upon direct labor hours expended and other direct

 

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costs incurred.  Revenue for fixed-price contracts is recognized as deliverables or milestones are completed.  Losses, if any, on contracts are recorded during the period when first determined.

 

Direct Costs

 

The Company’s direct costs consist primarily of labor costs.

 

Selling, General and Administrative Expense

 

The Company’s selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of executive management salaries and fringe benefits, sales and marketing costs, finance and accounting, human resources, as well as general corporate costs and costs related to being a public company.

 

Research and Development Costs

 

Research and development costs are charged to operations as incurred.  Included in the 2009 research and development costs is $1.4 million in losses related to purchases of D-tagatose used for trial purposes.

 

Income Taxes

 

Deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each year end, based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income.  A valuation allowance is established based upon periodic assessments made by management to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.  Income tax expense is the current tax provision for the period and the change during the period in deferred tax assets and liabilities.

 

The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties on tax liabilities as interest expense.  At December 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company had no unrecognized income tax benefits and recognized no interest or penalties on income tax liabilities.

 

Discontinued Operations

 

On August 15, 2007, the Company completed the sale of InfoSpherix for $17 million ($15 million at closing and $2 million following a 15-month escrow period), pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement dated June 25, 2007.  The $15 million sale proceeds were reported as gain on sale of the discontinued segment in 2007.  The $2 million escrow balance was recorded as a gain on sale of the discontinued segment and realized in November 2008.  The sale was conducted to allow Spherix to focus substantially all of its efforts on Biospherics, with the principal focus on the commercialization of D-tagatose.

 

The results of operations of the discontinued InfoSpherix segment, including the costs to sell the segment, are as follows:

 

 

 

2008

 

Interest revenue

 

$

70,000

 

Gain on sale of segment

 

2,000,000

 

Income from discontinued operations before taxes

 

$

2,070,000

 

 

Fair Value Information

 

The estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments, which include cash, receivables, and accounts payable reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, approximate their carrying value given their short maturities.

 

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Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation

 

The Company applies the fair value method, which requires that the measurement of all employee share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, be expensed over their vesting period based on their value at the grant date using their fair value, determined using a prescribed option-pricing model.  The Company uses a Black-Scholes option pricing model to value stock options.  For each of the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company recognized $13,000 in stock based compensation expense relating to 59,000 stock options awarded in February 2006 and $64,000 and $81,000 respectively, related to the issuance of restricted stock (see Note 8, “Stockholders’ Equity”).

 

Net Loss Per Share

 

Basic net loss per common share has been computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year.  Diluted net loss per common share has been computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding without an assumed increase in common shares outstanding for common stock equivalents, as common stock equivalents are antidilutive.  At December 31, 2009, none of the Company’s 40,500 outstanding options or 1,104,348 warrants were considered common stock equivalents as the exercise prices were all above the average market price of the Company’s common stock for the period.

 

New Accounting Pronouncements

 

In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) established the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (Codification) as the source of authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) recognized by the FASB to be applied to nongovernmental entities and rules and interpretive releases of the SEC as authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. The Codification supersedes all the existing non-SEC accounting and reporting standards upon its effective date and subsequently, the FASB will not issue new standards in the form of Statements, FASB Staff Positions or Emerging Issues Task Force Abstracts. This guidance is effective for interim periods ending after September 15, 2009. We adopted this guidance for the period ended September 30, 2009, with no effect on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009.

 

In December 2007, the FASB revised the authoritative guidance for business combinations, which establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree in a business combination. The guidance establishes principles stipulating how goodwill acquired in a business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase should be recognized and measured under a method established by the guidance referred to as the acquisition method. The guidance also expands the disclosure requirements related to the nature and financial impact of business combinations. We adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2009 and the adoption did not have an impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

In December 2007, the FASB revised the authoritative guidance for consolidation, which establishes accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. The guidance clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as equity in the consolidated financial statements. The guidance also requires consolidated net income to be reported at amounts that include the amounts attributable to both the parent and the noncontrolling interest. It also requires disclosure, on the face of the consolidated statement of income, of the amounts of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the noncontrolling interest. It also provides guidance when a subsidiary is deconsolidated and requires expanded disclosures in the consolidated financial statements that clearly identify and distinguish between the interests of the parent and the interests of the noncontrolling owners of a subsidiary. We adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2009 and the adoption did not have an impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

In June 2008, the FASB revised the authoritative guidance for earnings per share, which establishes that unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are participating securities and shall be included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class

 

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method. In contrast, the right to receive dividends or dividend equivalents that the holder will forfeit if the award does not vest, does not constitute a participation right and such an award does not meet the definition of a participating security in its current form (that is, prior to the requisite service having been rendered for the award). We adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2009 and the adoption did not have an impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

In April 2009, the FASB revised the authoritative guidance for financial instruments. The guidance requires disclosures about fair value of financial instruments in interim financial statements as well as in annual financial statements. This guidance is effective for interim periods ending after June 15, 2009. We adopted this guidance in the second quarter of 2009, and the adoption did not have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

In April 2009, the FASB revised the authoritative guidance for fair value measurements and disclosures to provide additional guidance in determining whether a market for a financial asset is not active and a transaction is not distressed for fair value measurement purposes. This guidance is effective for interim periods ending after June 15, 2009. We adopted this guidance for the period ending June 30, 2009. The adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

In April 2009, the FASB revised the authoritative guidance for investments in debt and equity securities to provide guidance in determining whether impairments in debt securities are other-than-temporary, and modifies the presentation and disclosures surrounding such instruments. This guidance is effective for interim periods ending after June 15, 2009. We adopted the provisions of this guidance for the period ending June 30, 2009. The adoption of this guidance had no material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

In May 2009, the FASB revised the authoritative guidance for subsequent events, which establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. This guidance is effective for financial statements issued for interim and annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009. We adopted this guidance for the period ended June 30, 2009, and the Company is not aware of any subsequent events which would require recognition or disclosure in the consolidated financial statements.

 

In October 2009, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2009-13, which amends the Revenue Recognition topic of the Codification. This update provides amendments to the criteria in Subtopic 605-25 of the Codification for separating consideration in multiple-deliverable arrangements. As a result of those amendments, multiple-deliverable arrangements will be separated in more circumstances than under existing U.S. GAAP. The amendments establish a selling price hierarchy for determining the selling price of a deliverable and will replace the term fair value in the revenue allocation guidance with selling price to clarify that the allocation of revenue is based on entity-specific assumptions rather than assumptions of a marketplace participant. The amendments will also eliminate the residual method of allocation and require that arrangement consideration be allocated at the inception of the arrangement to all deliverables using the relative selling price method and will require that a vendor determine its best estimate of selling price in a manner that is consistent with that used to determine the price to sell the deliverable on a stand-alone basis. These amendments will be effective prospectively for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this update might have on our results of operations and financial position.

 

In October 2009, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2009-14, which amends the Software topic of the Codification. The amendments in this update change the accounting model for revenue arrangements that include both tangible products and software elements. Tangible products containing software components and nonsoftware components that function together to deliver the tangible product’s essential functionality are no longer within the scope of the software revenue guidance in Subtopic 985-605 of the Codification. In addition, the amendments in this update require that hardware components of a tangible product containing software components always be excluded from the software revenue guidance. In that regard, the amendments provide additional guidance on how to determine which software, if any, relating to the tangible product also would be excluded from the scope of the software revenue guidance. The amendments also provide guidance on how a vendor should allocate arrangement consideration to deliverables in an arrangement that includes both tangible products and software. The amendments

 

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also provide further guidance on how to allocate arrangement consideration when an arrangement includes deliverables both included and excluded from the scope of the software revenue guidance. These amendments will be effective prospectively for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this update might have on our results of operations and financial position.

 

2.                                      Liquidity

 

The Company’s working capital was $7.7 million as of December 31, 2009.  Over the next 12 months, the Company expects that it will need to expend between $9 million and $11 million to complete the Phase 2 and Phase 3 trials and to fund its increased market development and commercialization activities.  The total cost of completing the trials is difficult to determine and can be affected by any number of factors including, but not limited to, the time to complete the trials.

 

The Company will need to raise additional funds in 2010 to continue its operations.  Any such fundraising will likely require the issuance of additional Company equity securities and a purchaser of such securities will likely insist that such securities be registered securities.

 

In November 2009, the Company obtained net proceeds of approximately $6 million in a registered direct primary offering.  The common stock issued in the offering and the common stock which may be issued upon exercise of warrants issued in the offering have been registered under a Form S-3 registration statement declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) in October 2009.

 

Pursuant to SEC rules, the Company may not be in a position to issue additional shares of its common stock in another registered direct primary offering under a Form S-3 registration statement until mid-November 2010.  Thus, if the Company wishes to conduct another registered direct primary offering before mid-November, 2010, it will likely have do so in whole or in part under a Form S-1 registration statement.

 

Further, NASDAQ rules require stockholder approval for any certain stock issuances constituting 20% or more of a Company’s issued and outstanding stock.

 

The Company cannot be assured that it will be able to attract a purchaser of securities to raise the additional funds it will likely require in 2010; that the Company will be able to obtain any required stockholder approval; or that the Company will be able to have a Form S-1 registration statement declared effective to complete such an offering.

 

3.                                      Fair Value Measurement

 

The Company has elected not to apply the fair value option to measure any of the financial assets and liabilities on its balance sheet not already valued at fair value under other accounting pronouncements. These other financial assets and liabilities are primarily short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and debt, which are reported at historical value. The fair value of these financial assets and liabilities approximate their fair value because of their short duration.

 

4.                                      Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

 

Management regularly reviews accounts receivable for uncollectible and potentially uncollectible accounts, and when necessary establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts.  An allowance for doubtful accounts from continuing operations was not deemed necessary at December 31, 2009 and 2008.

 

5.                                      Property and Equipment

 

During 2008, the Company relocated its headquarters to a smaller facility.  The decrease in office furniture and equipment and the decrease in leasehold improvements are a direct result of this move.  The components of property and equipment as of December 31, at cost are:

 

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2009

 

2008

 

Computers

 

$

14,000

 

$

14,000

 

Office furniture and equipment

 

109,000

 

187,000

 

Leasehold improvements

 

229,000

 

283,000

 

Total cost

 

352,000

 

484,000

 

Accumulated depreciation and amortization

 

(126,000

)

(174,000

)

Property and equipment, net

 

$

226,000

 

$

310,000

 

 

The Company’s depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 was $78,000 and $78,000, respectively.  In 2008, lease incentives under the Bethesda facility lease provided $150,000 in leasehold improvements, which is recognized on a straight line basis over the life of the lease.

 

6.                                      Patents and Intangible Assets

 

The Company’s amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 was $6,000 and $8,000, respectively.  The Company’s future amortization based on its patents and intangible assets at December 31, 2009 is as follows:

 

Year

 

Amortization
Expense

 

2010

 

$

7,000

 

2011

 

7,000

 

Total

 

$

14,000

 

 

7.                                      Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses

 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses consisted of the following at December 31:

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable

 

$

961,000

 

$

524,000

 

Purchase commitment

 

600,000

 

0

 

Deferred Compensation

 

140,000

 

113,000

 

Accrued expenses

 

13,000

 

74,000

 

 

 

$

1,714,000

 

$

711,000

 

 

8.                                      Stockholders’ Equity

 

Registered Direct

 

On November 16, 2009, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with certain investors to sell an aggregate of 2,760,870 shares of its common stock and warrants to purchase up to an additional 1,104,348 shares of its common stock to such investors for gross proceeds of approximately $6.3 million.  The common stock and warrants were sold in units, with each unit consisting of one share of common stock and a warrant to purchase 0.40 of a share of common stock.  The purchase price per unit was $ 2.30.  Subject to certain ownership limitations, the warrants are exercisable at any time on or after the initial issue date and on or prior to November 16, 2014, but not thereafter, at an exercise price of $ 3.25.  The exercise price of the warrants is subject to adjustment in the case of stock splits, stock dividends, combinations of shares and similar recapitalization transactions.  The warrants are classified as equity instruments and are accounted for in additional-paid-in capital.

 

On November 6, 2009, in connection with the closing of our registered direct offering of convertible preferred stock and warrants to purchase common stock, the Company issued to Rodman & Renshaw, LLC, as partial consideration for its services as placement agent, warrants to purchase up to 82,826 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $2.875 per share.  The warrants are exercisable at the option of the holder at any time beginning on November 16, 2009 through and including November 16, 2011.  These warrants were offered and sold

 

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by us in reliance upon exemptions from the registration statement requirements by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, as transactions by an issuer not involving a public offering.

 

The net proceeds to the Company from the registered direct offering, after deducting placement agent fees and the Company’s offering expenses, and excluding the proceeds, if any, from the exercise of the warrants issued in the offering, were approximately $6 million.

 

Restricted Stock

 

In August 2009 and 2008, the Company issued 26,664 and 38,460 shares, respectively, of restricted stock with a fair value of $40,000 in each year to its independent Board Members, which was recognized as compensation expense at the time of issue.  The fair value of the above stock awards was based on the closing market price on the date of grant.

 

In August 2007, the Company granted 30,000 and 15,000 shares in restricted stock as part of the employment agreements for the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and President.  The fair value of the stock was $55,800 and $30,000, which was recognized as compensation expense over the respective vesting periods of two and one years.

 

Stock Option Plan

 

The Company has an Employees’ Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”) which permits issuance of both Incentive Stock Options (ISO) and Non-Qualified Stock Options, whereby options may be granted to officers, Directors and other key employees to purchase up to 1,000,000 shares of common stock in amounts determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors through December 31, 2010.  During 2009 and 2008, no stock options were granted under the Plan.  At December 31, 2009, 857,700 options were available for grant under the Plan.  Options issued to employees typically vest over a four-year period and options issued to non-employee directors vested immediately upon being granted.

 

Activity for the two years ended December 31, 2009, for all option grants is shown below:

 

 

 

2009
Shares

 

2009
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

 

2008
Shares

 

2008
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

 

Outstanding at beginning of year

 

40,500

 

$

2.57

 

216,800

 

$

7.36

 

Granted

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

Exercised

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

Expired or forfeited

 

 

$

 

(176,300

)

$

8.46

 

Outstanding at end of year

 

40,500

 

$

2.57

 

40,500

 

$

2.57

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options exercisable at end of year

 

39,750

 

 

 

39,000

 

 

 

Weighted-average fair value of options granted during the year

 

$

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Price range of options

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding

 

$

2.20-$3.41

 

 

 

$

2.20-$3.41

 

 

 

Exercised

 

$

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

Expired or forfeited

 

$

 

 

 

$

6.35-$8.67

 

 

 

 

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The following table summarizes information with respect to stock options outstanding at December 31, 2009:

 

Range of
Exercise Price

 

Number of
Options
Outstanding
at 12/31/09

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise Price

 

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual Life

 

$

2.20

 

28,000

 

$

2.20

 

1.1

 

$

3.41

 

12,500

 

$

3.41

 

0.1

 

 

 

40,500

 

 

 

 

 

 

The following table summarizes information with respect to stock options exercisable at December 31, 2009:

 

Year of Option
Expiration

 

Number of
Options

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise Price

 

Price Range

 

2010

 

12,500

 

$

3.41

 

$

3.41

 

2011

 

27,250

 

$

2.20

 

$

2.20

 

All Years

 

39,750

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Company used the following assumptions in the Black-Scholes calculation used to measure the fair value of stock-based compensation in accordance with SFAS 123R for stock options granted in 2006.  No stock options were granted in 2009 or 2008.

 

 

 

2006

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

4.59

%

Expected life (years)

 

4

 

Volatility

 

140.9

%

Dividend yield

 

0

%

 

9.                                      Income Taxes

 

Income tax from continuing operations for 2009 and 2008 was as follows:

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

U.S. Federal income tax benefit

 

$

 

$

465,000

 

State and local income tax benefit

 

$

 

$

88,000

 

Total income tax benefit

 

$

 

$

553,000

 

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

Current income tax benefit

 

$

 

$

553,000

 

Deferred income tax expense

 

$

 

$

 

Total income tax benefit

 

$

 

$

553,000

 

 

The tax effects of significant temporary differences representing deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 are as follows:

 

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2009

 

2008

 

Property and equipment

 

$

(48,000

)

$

(70,000

)

Deferred rent

 

43,000

 

54,000

 

Accrued vacation

 

28,000

 

19,000

 

Tax credit

 

82,000

 

82,000

 

Deferred compensation

 

282,000

 

305,000

 

Net operating loss carryforward

 

10,941,000

 

8,001,000

 

Accrued bonus

 

103,000

 

 

Stock based compensation

 

31,000

 

27,000

 

Inventory adjustments

 

434,000

 

 

 

Other

 

1,000

 

1,000

 

 

 

11,897,000

 

8,419,000

 

Valuation allowance

 

(11,897,000

)

(8,419,000

)

Deferred tax asset

 

$

 

$

 

 

At December 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards for U.S. federal income tax purposes of approximately $27.4 million and $18.7 million, respectively, which will begin to expire in 2019.  At December 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards for state income tax purposes of approximately $37.3 million and $30.5 million, respectively, which will begin to expire in 2018.  Based on the Company’s historical losses and its accumulated deficit, the Company has provided a full valuation allowance against the net deferred tax asset.

 

Utilization of the net operating loss carryforwards and credit may be subject to a substantial annual limitation due to the ownership change limitations provided by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and similar state provisions.  The Company has not performed a detailed analysis to determine whether an ownership change under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code occurred.  The effect of an ownership change would be the imposition of an annual limitation on the use of net operating loss carryforwards attributable to periods before the change and could result in a reduction in the total net operating losses and research credits available.

 

Reconciliation between actual tax expenses and taxes computed at the statutory Federal rate of 34 percent for 2009 and 2008 are as follows:

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

U.S. Federal income tax benefit at the statutory rate of 34%

 

$

3,110,000

 

$

2,432,000

 

Effect of permanent differences

 

$

(7,000

)

$

(25,000

)

State income taxes benefit (expense), net of federal tax benefit

 

494,000

 

(39,000

)

Other

 

(119,000

)

112,000

 

Change in valuation allowance

 

(3,478,000

)

(1,928,000

)

Income tax benefit

 

$

 

$

552,000

 

 

Tax Uncertainties

 

The Company recognizes a tax benefit associated with an uncertain tax position when, in management’s judgment, it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination by a taxing authority.  For a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the Company initially and subsequently measures the tax benefit as the largest amount that it judges to have a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority.  The liability associated with unrecognized tax benefits is adjusted periodically due to changing circumstances, such as the progress of tax audits, case law developments and new or emerging legislation.  The effective tax rate includes the net impact of changes in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits and subsequent adjustments as considered appropriate by management. The Company has not recognized any such adjustments.  At December 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company had no material unrecognized income tax benefits and recognized no interest or penalties on income tax liabilities.

 

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The Company is subject to U.S. federal income tax and state and local income tax in multiple jurisdictions.  The statute of limitations for the consolidated U.S. federal income tax return is closed for all tax years up to and including 2005, except for pre-2005 tax returns that generated net operating loss carry forwards that could be adjusted on audit.  During 2009, an IRS audit of tax year 2006 was completed and no adjustments were proposed.  Currently, no federal or state and local income tax returns are under examination by the respective taxing authorities.

 

10.                               Commitments and Contingencies

 

Government Contracts

 

Following the sale of InfoSpherix, the Company is no longer engaged in the performance of government contracts.

 

Purchase Commitments

 

During 2009, the Company entered into a purchase commitment with a supplier of the Company’s D-Tagatose product.  The agreement committed the Company to purchase 25 metric tons of D-Tagatose.  The Company utilizes the D-Tagatose as a part of the Phase 3 trial of the Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) study.  This phase is necessary for the Company to be able to commercialize the product and as the products were not going to be available for sale, the Company wrote off the entire product value into Research and Development Costs.  The amounts written off during the year from the agreement were $1.1 million.

 

Leases

 

The Company has commitments under an operating lease through 2013 relating to its administrative office in Bethesda, Maryland.

 

Future minimum rental payments required as of December 31, 2009, under the non-cancelable lease are as follows:

 

Year Ending December 31,

 

Operating
Lease

 

 

 

 

 

2010

 

150,000

 

2011

 

155,000

 

2012

 

159,000

 

2013

 

40,000

 

 

 

$

504,000

 

 

The Company’s building lease contains step rent provisions, capital improvement funding, or other tenant allowances.  Minimum rental payments including allowances on this lease are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.  In 2008, lease incentives under the Bethesda facility lease provided for $150,000 of leasehold improvements.  The Company incurred net operating lease rental expenses of approximately $165,000 and $244,000 for the years 2009 and 2008, respectively.

 

Related Party Transactions

 

Employment, Deferred Compensation, and Consulting Agreements for Principal Stockholders

 

Under employment agreements with Dr. Gilbert V. Levin and Mrs. M. Karen Levin, the Company’s founders, the Company has agreed to provide Dr. and Mrs. Levin each with lifetime payments of $12,500 each quarter and to fund long-term lifetime healthcare and health insurance policies following their retirements from the Company on August 14, 2008 and January 4, 2006, respectively.  At December 31, 2009, the Company’s liability for both Dr. and Mrs. Levin was estimated to be $480,000 for the lifetime payments and $240,000 for funding the long-term lifetime healthcare and health insurance policies based on actuarially determined amounts.  The non-current portion of these amounts is reported on the accompanying balance sheet as deferred compensation.  During

 

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2009 and 2008, the Company paid Dr. and Mrs. Levin a combined total of $135,000 and $123,000 in post-retirement benefits.

 

Dr. and Mrs. Levin have agreed to serve as consultants to the Company on an as-needed basis, at a specified daily rate.  No consulting payments were made to the Levins during 2009 or 2008.

 

11.                               Employee Benefit Plans

 

Effective January 1, 1990, the Company established the Spherix Incorporated 401(k) Retirement Plan.  The Plan is a discretionary defined contribution plan and covers substantially all employees who have attained the age of 21, have completed one year of service, and have worked a minimum of 1,000 hours in the past Plan or anniversary year.

 

Under provisions of the Plan, the Company, for any plan year, has contributed an amount equal to 50% of the participant’s contribution or 2½% of the participant’s eligible compensation, whichever is less.  The Company may, at its own discretion, make additional matching contributions to participants.  Company contributions, net of forfeitures, amounted to $15,000 and $9,000 in 2009 and 2008, respectively.

 

12.                               Information by Business Segment

 

Operating segments are components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.  The Company’s principal segments are Biospherics, our biotechnology research and development business, and Health Sciences, a technical and regulatory consulting business.

 

Financial information by business segment for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 is summarized below:

 

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Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

Revenues

 

Health Sciences Consulting

 

$

1,350,000

 

$

1,012,000

 

 

Biospherics

 

9,000

 

14,000

 

 

Total revenues

 

$

1,359,000

 

$

1,026,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating Income (Loss) and Loss Before Income Taxes

 

Health Sciences Consulting

 

$

691,000

 

$

433,000

 

 

Biospherics

 

(7,523,000

)

(4,164,000

)

 

General and administration

 

(2,354,000

)

(2,780,000

)

 

Total operating loss

 

(9,186,000

)

(6,511,000

)

 

Interest income

 

37,000

 

348,000

 

 

Interest expense

 

 

(2,000

)

 

Other expense

 

 

(6,000

)

 

Loss from continuing operations before income taxes

 

$

(9,149,000

)

$

(6,171,000

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Identifiable Assets

 

Health Sciences Consulting

 

$

274,000

 

$

296,000

 

 

Biospherics

 

8,000

 

21,000

 

 

General corporate assets

 

9,873,000

 

11,944,000

 

 

Total assets

 

$

10,155,000

 

$

12,261,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Capital Expenditures

 

Health Sciences Consulting

 

$

 

$

 

 

Biospherics

 

 

 

 

General corporate assets

 

 

333,000

 

 

Total capital expenditures

 

$

 

$

333,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and Amortization

 

Health Sciences Consulting

 

$

 

$

 

 

Biospherics

 

6,000

 

5,000

 

 

General corporate assets

 

78,000

 

81,000

 

 

Total depreciation and amortization

 

$

84,000

 

$

86,000

 

 

Operating income (loss) from continuing operations consists of revenue less operating expenses.  In computing operating loss, interest expense and income taxes were not considered.  The operating income for the Health Sciences segment was 51% and 43% of that segment’s revenue for 2009 and 2008.

 

Biospherics is concentrating all of its efforts on the Phase 3 clinical trial of its most promising product, D-tagatose as a treatment for hypertriglyceridemia and for Type 2 diabetes in humans.  This product is in the development stage and will require substantial additional investment to bring to market.

 

Identifiable assets by business segment are those assets used in the Company’s operations in each segment, such as accounts receivable, inventories, fixed assets, and patent costs.  Corporate assets are principally cash and certain other assets not related to a particular segment’s operations.

 

13.                               Subsequent Events

 

The Company evaluated all events or transactions after December 31, 2009 through the date the financial statements were issued.  During this period, the Company did not have any significant subsequent events.

 

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SPHERIX INCORPORATED

 

[*] SHARES

 

CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK

 

[*] WARRANTS

 


 

PROSPECTUS

 


 

                         , 2010

 

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PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

 

ITEM 13. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION.

 

The following table sets forth the various expenses in connection with the sale and distribution of the securities being registered. All of the amounts shown are estimates except the Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee.

 

Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee

 

$

713

 

Legal fees and expenses

 

50,000

 

Accountants fees and expenses

 

17,500

 

Miscellaneous

 

10,000

 

Total

 

$

78,213

 

 

ITEM 14. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS.

 

Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law provides as follows:

 

A Delaware corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or who is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of such corporation), by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of such corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.  The indemnity may include expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if the person acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to be the best interests of the corporation and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe that the person’s conduct was illegal.

 

A Delaware corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.  The indemnity may include expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if the person acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interest of the corporation, except that no indemnification will be made in respect to any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the Delaware Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Delaware Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.

 

Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that Spherix Incorporated shall indemnify its officers, directors, employees and agents and other persons to the fullest extent authorized or permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law.

 

We maintain directors’ and officers’ liability insurance for the benefit of our directors and certain of our officers.

 

Reference is made to Item 17(d) for our undertakings with respect to indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933.

 

As permitted by Section 102 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the Company has adopted provisions in its certificate of incorporation that limit or eliminate the personal liability of its directors for a breach of their

 

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fiduciary duty of care as a director.  The duty of care generally requires that, when acting on behalf of the Company, directors exercise an informed business judgment based on all material information reasonably available to them.  Consequently, a director will not be personally liable to the Company or its stockholders for monetary damages or breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except for liability for:

 

·                  any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the Company or its stockholders;

·                  any act or omission not in good faith or that involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;

·                  any act related to unlawful stock repurchases, redemptions or other distributions or payment of dividends;  or

·                  any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers and controlling persons pursuant to the foregoing, or otherwise, we have been advised that, in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.

 

ITEM 15. RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES

 

During the three-year period proceeding the date of the filing of this registration statement, we have issued securities in the transactions described below without registration under the Securities Act.  These securities were offered and sold by us in reliance upon exemptions from the registration statement requirements provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act or Regulation D under the Securities Act as transactions by an issuer not involving a public offering.

 

In November 2009, in connection with the closing of our registered direct offering of corporate stock and warrants to purchase common stock, we issued to Rodman & Renshaw, LLC, as additional consideration for its services as placement agent, warrants to purchase up to 82,826 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $2.875 per share.  The warrants are exercisable at the option of the holder at any time beginning on November 16, 2009, through and including November 16, 2011.

 

ITEM 16. EXHIBITS

 

A list of exhibits filed herewith is contained in the exhibit index that immediately precedes such exhibits and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 17. UNDERTAKINGS

 

A.    The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:

 

(1)   To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post- effective amendment to this registration statement:

 

(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;

 

(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and

 

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(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

 

(2)   That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

(3)   To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

 

(4)   That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities:

 

The undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

 

(i)  Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424:

 

(ii)  Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

 

(iii)  The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and

 

(iv)  Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

 

B.    Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

C.  The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:

 

(1)   For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this Registration Statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b) (1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this Registration Statement as of the time it was declared effective.

 

(2)   For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

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SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Bethesda, Maryland, on September 3, 2010.

 

 

SPHERIX INCORPORATED

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Claire L. Kruger

 

 

 

 

 

Claire L. Kruger

 

 

Chief Executive Officer

 

 

And Chief Operating Officer

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.

 

*

 

Director

 

September 3, 2010

Douglas T. Brown

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Robert L. Clayton

 

CFO, Treasurer and

 

September 3, 2010

Robert L. Clayton

 

Principal Accounting Officer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Claire L. Kruger

 

Chief Executive Officer

 

September 3, 2010

Claire L. Kruger

 

and Chief Operating Officer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

Director

 

September 3, 2010

Gilbert V. Levin

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

Director and President

 

September 3, 2010

Robert A. Lodder, Jr.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

Director

 

September 3, 2010

Aris Melissaratos

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

Chairman of the Board

 

September 3, 2010

Robert J. Vander Zanden

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

Director

 

September 3, 2010

Thomas B. Peter

 

 

 

 

 

* By:

/s/ Claire L. Kruger

 

 

Claire L. Kruger, Attorney-in-Fact

 

 

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SPHERIX INCORPORATED

INDEX TO EXHIBITS

 

EXHIBIT

 

DESCRIPTION

 

 

 

3.1

 

Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Company (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Proxy Statement for meeting held on May 15, 1992, as filed with the Commission)

3.2

 

Articles of Amendment of the Company (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement for its May 1996, May 2000, and May 2001 annual meetings, as filed with the Commission)

3.3

 

Amended and Restated By-Laws of Spherix Incorporated (incorporated by reference to Form 8-K dated November 23, 2009)

 

3.4

 

Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

 

5.1

 

Opinion of Baxter, Baker, Sidle, Conn & Jones, P.A.(1)

10.1

 

Summary of Annual Compensation of Members of the Board of Directors of Spherix Incorporated (incorporated by reference to Form 8-K dated February 28, 2008)

10.2

 

Employment Agreement dated as of August 15, 2007, by and between Claire L. Kruger and the Company (incorporated by reference to Form 10-Q dated September 30, 2007)

10.3

 

Amended Employment Agreement dated as of May 25, 2010, by and between Claire L. Kruger and the Company (incorporated by reference to Form 8-K filed May 28, 2010)

10.4

 

Employment Agreement dated as of August 16, 2007, by and between Robert A. Lodder and the Company (incorporated by reference to Form 10-Q dated September 30, 2007)

10.5

 

Amended Employment Agreement dated as of May 25, 2010, by and between Robert A. Lodder and the Company (incorporated by reference to Form 8-K filed May 28, 2010)

10.6

 

Employment Agreement dated as of May 25, 2010, by and between Robert L. Clayton and the Company (incorporated by reference to Form 8-K filed May 28, 2010)

10.7

 

Employment Agreement dated as of May 25, 2010, by and between Katherine M. Brailer and the Company (incorporated by reference to Form 8-K filed May 28, 2010)

10.8

 

Employment Agreement dated as of August 31, 2009, by and between Ram Nimmagudda and the Company (incorporated by reference to Form 8-K filed September 3, 2009)

10.9

 

Letter Agreement dated as of July 2, 2008, by and between Gilbert V. Levin, M. Karen Levin and the Company (incorporated by reference to Form 8-K filed July 8, 2008)

10.10

 

Restated Consulting Agreement dated as of November 29, 2005, by and between M. Karen Levin and the Company (incorporated by reference to Form 8-K filed December 1, 2005)

10.11

 

Restated Consulting Agreement dated as of March 23, 2004, by and between Gilbert V. Levin and the Company (incorporated by reference to Form 10-K filed March 30, 2004)

10.12

 

1997 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Proxy Statements for its May 1998, May 2001 and May 2005 annual meetings, as filed with the Commission)

10.13

 

Rights Agreement dated as of February 16, 2001, between Spherix Incorporated and American Stock Transfer and Trust Company (incorporated by reference to Form 8-K filed March 6, 2001)

10.14

 

Stock Purchase Agreement by and among the Company, InfoSpherix and Active dated as of June 25, 2007 (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Schedule 14A as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 16, 2007)

10.15

 

Lease termination agreement dated August 1, 2007, between Indian Creek Investors, LLC and the Company (incorporated by reference to Form 10-Q dated September 30, 2007)

10.16

 

Lease agreement dated October 4, 2007, between Elizabeth Court Associates III Limited Partnership and the Company (incorporated by reference to Form 10-Q dated September 30, 2007)

10.17.

 

Securities Purchase Agreement dated November 16, 2009, between the Company and certain investors (incorporated by reference to Form 8-K dated November 18, 2009)

10.18

 

Manufacturing Support And Supply Agreement dated December 15, 2009, between the Company and Inalco S.p.A (incorporated by reference to Form 8-K filed December 18, 2009)

10.19

 

Engagement letter agreement dated August 12, 2010 by and between Spherix Incorporated and Rodman & Renshaw, LLC(1)

10.20

 

Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated [*], 2010 between the Company and certain investors(1)

 

10.21

 

Form of Warrant(1)

 

21.1

 

List of Subsidiaries

23.1

 

Consent of Baxter, Baker, Sidle, Conn & Jones, P.A. (will be filed by amendment)

23.2

 

Consent of Grant Thornton LLP, Independent Auditors

24.1

 

Power of Attorney (including on signature page of this registration statement)

 


(1)  Filed herewith

 

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EX-3.4 2 a10-13555_2ex3d4.htm EX-3.4

EXHIBIT 3.4

 

SPHERIX INCORPORATED

 

CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATION OF PREFERENCES,

RIGHTS AND LIMITATIONS

OF

SERIES B CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK

 

PURSUANT TO SECTION 151 OF THE

DELAWARE GENERAL CORPORATION LAW

 

The undersigned, Claire L. Kruger and Robert L. Clayton, do hereby certify that:

 

1.             They are the Chief Executive Officer/Chief Operating Officer and Treasurer/Chief Financial Officer, respectively, of Spherix Incorporated, a Delaware corporation (the “Corporation”).

 

2.             The Corporation is authorized to issue 2,000,000 shares of preferred stock, of which 500,000 shares have been previously designated as “Series A Junior Preferred Stock,” pursuant to Certificate of Designations filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.

 

3.             The following resolutions were duly adopted by the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the “Board of Directors”):

 

WHEREAS, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation provides for a class of its authorized stock known as preferred stock, consisting of 2,000,000 shares, $0.01 par value per share, issuable from time to time in one or more series;

 

WHEREAS, the Board of Directors is authorized to fix the dividend rights, dividend rate, voting rights, conversion rights, rights and terms of redemption and liquidation preferences of any wholly unissued series of preferred stock and the number of shares constituting any series and the designation thereof, of any of them;  and

 

WHEREAS, it is the desire of the Board of Directors, pursuant to its authority as aforesaid, to fix the rights, preferences, restrictions and other matters relating to a series of the preferred stock, which shall consist of, except as otherwise set forth in the Purchase Agreement, up to                        shares of the preferred stock which the Corporation has the authority to issue, as follows:

 

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that the Board of Directors does hereby provide for the issuance of a series of preferred stock for cash or exchange of other securities, rights or property and does hereby fix and determine the rights, preferences, restrictions and other matters relating to such series of preferred stock as follows:

 

TERMS OF PREFERRED STOCK

 

Section 1Definitions.  For the purposes hereof, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

 

1



 

“Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

 

“Alternate Consideration” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(e).

 

“Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6(d).

 

“Business Day” means any day except any Saturday, any Sunday, any day which is a federal legal holiday in the United States or any day on which banking institutions in the State of New York are authorized or required by law or other governmental action to close.

 

“Buy-In” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6(c)(iv).

 

“Change of Control Transaction” means the occurrence after the date hereof of any of (a) an acquisition after the date hereof by an individual or legal entity or “group” (as described in Rule 13d-5(b)(1) promulgated under the Exchange Act) of effective control (whether through legal or beneficial ownership of capital stock of the Corporation, by contract or otherwise) of in excess of 33% of the voting securities of the Corporation (other than by means of conversion or exercise of Preferred Stock and the Securities issued together with the Preferred Stock), (b) the Corporation merges into or consolidates with any other Person, or any Person merges into or consolidates with the Corporation and, after giving effect to such transaction, the stockholders of the Corporation immediately prior to such transaction own less than 66% of the aggregate voting power of the Corporation or the successor entity of such transaction, (c) the Corporation sells or transfers all or substantially all of its assets to another Person and the stockholders of the Corporation immediately prior to such transaction own less than 66% of the aggregate voting power of the acquiring entity immediately after the transaction, (d) a replacement at one time or within a one year period of more than one-half of the members of the Board of Directors which is not approved by a majority of those individuals who are members of the Board of Directors on the Original Issue Date (or by those individuals who are serving as members of the Board of Directors on any date whose nomination to the Board of Directors was approved by a majority of the members of the Board of Directors who are members on the Original Issue Date), or (e) the execution by the Corporation of an agreement to which the Corporation is a party or by which it is bound providing for any of the events set forth in clauses (a) through (d) above.

 

“Closing” means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Securities pursuant to Section 2.1 of the Purchase Agreement.

 

“Closing Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties thereto and all conditions precedent to (i) each Holder’s obligations to pay the Subscription Amount and (ii) the Corporation’s obligations to deliver the Securities have been satisfied or waived.

 

“Commission” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

“Common Stock” means the Corporation’s common stock, par value $0.005 per share, and stock of any other class of securities into which such securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.

 

“Common Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Corporation or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, rights, options, warrants or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.

 

2



 

“Conversion Amount” means the sum of the Stated Value at issue.

 

“Conversion Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6(a).

 

“Conversion Price” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6(b).

 

“Conversion Shares” means, collectively, the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the shares of Preferred Stock in accordance with the terms hereof.

 

“Dividend Payment Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3(a).

 

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

“Fundamental Transaction” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(e).

 

“GAAP” means United States generally accepted accounting principles.

 

“Holder” means a holder of shares of Preferred Stock.

 

“Indebtedness” means (a) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $50,000 (other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (b) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Corporation’s balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business, and (c) the present value of any lease payments in excess of $50,000 due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP.

 

“Junior Securities” means the Common Stock and all other Common Stock Equivalents of the Corporation other than those securities which are explicitly senior or pari passu to the Preferred Stock in dividend rights or liquidation preference.

 

“Liens” means a lien, charge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction.

 

“Liquidation” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.

 

“New York Courts” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11(d).

 

“Notice of Conversion” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6(a).

 

“Original Issue Date” means the date of the first issuance of any shares of the Preferred Stock regardless of the number of transfers of any particular shares of Preferred Stock and regardless of the number of certificates which may be issued to evidence such Preferred Stock.

 

“Permitted Indebtedness” means (a) the Indebtedness existing on the Original Issue Date and set forth on Schedule 3.1(aa) attached to the Purchase Agreement and (b) lease obligations and purchase money indebtedness of up to $                      , in the aggregate, incurred in connection with the acquisition of capital assets and lease obligations with respect to newly acquired or leased assets.

 

3



 

“Permitted Lien” means the individual and collective reference to the following:  (a) Liens for taxes, assessments and other governmental charges or levies not yet due or Liens for taxes, assessments and other governmental charges or levies being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings for which adequate reserves (in the good faith judgment of the management of the Corporation) have been established in accordance with GAAP, (b) Liens imposed by law which were incurred in the ordinary course of the Corporation’s business, such as carriers’, warehousemen’s and mechanics’ Liens, statutory landlords’ Liens, and other similar Liens arising in the ordinary course of the Corporation’s business, and which (x) do not individually or in the aggregate materially detract from the value of such property or assets or materially impair the use thereof in the operation of the business of the Corporation and its consolidated Subsidiaries or (y) are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, which proceedings have the effect of preventing for the foreseeable future the forfeiture or sale of the property or asset subject to such Lien, (c) Liens incurred in connection with Permitted Indebtedness under clause (a) thereunder, and (d) Liens incurred in connection with Permitted Indebtedness under clause (b) thereunder, provided that such Liens are not secured by assets of the Corporation or its Subsidiaries other than the assets so acquired or leased.

 

“Person” means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.

 

“Preferred Stock” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.

 

“Purchase Agreement” means the Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of the Original Issue Date among the Corporation and the original Holders, as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time in accordance with its terms.

 

“Securities” means the Preferred Stock, the Warrants, the Warrant Shares and the Underlying Shares.

 

“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

“Shareholder Approval” means such approval as may be required by the applicable rules and regulations of the Nasdaq Stock Market (or any successor entity) from the shareholders of the Corporation with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, including the issuance of all of the Underlying Shares in excess of 19.99% of the issued and outstanding Common Stock on the Closing Date (including all shares issuable in lieu of cash dividends hereunder).

 

“Share Delivery Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6(c).

 

“Stated Value” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2, as the same may be increased pursuant to Section 3.

 

“Subscription Amount” shall mean, as to each Holder, the aggregate amount to be paid for the Preferred Stock purchased pursuant to the Purchase Agreement as specified below such Holder’s name on the signature page of the Purchase Agreement and next to the heading “Subscription Amount,” in United States dollars and in immediately available funds.

 

“Subsidiary” means any subsidiary of the Corporation as set forth on Schedule 3.1(a) of the Purchase Agreement and shall, where applicable, also include any direct or indirect subsidiary of the Corporation formed or acquired after the date of the Purchase Agreement.

 

4



 

“Successor Entity” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(e).

 

“Trading Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market is open for business.

 

“Trading Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question:  the NYSE AMEX, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the New York Stock Exchange or the OTC Bulletin Board (or any successors to any of the foregoing).

 

“Transaction Documents means this Certificate of Designation, the Purchase Agreement, the Warrants, all exhibits and schedules thereto and hereto and any other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.

 

“Transfer Agent” means American Stock Transfer & Trust Company LLC, the current transfer agent of the Company, and any successor transfer agent of the Corporation.

 

“Underlying Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issued and issuable upon conversion or redemption of the Preferred Stock, and upon exercise of the Warrants and issued and issuable in lieu of the cash payment of dividends on the Preferred Stock in accordance with this Certificate of Designation.

 

“VWAP” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies:  (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if the OTC Bulletin Board is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the OTC Bulletin Board, (c) if the Common Stock is not then listed or quoted for trading on the OTC Bulletin Board and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported in the “Pink Sheets” published by Pink OTC Markets, Inc. (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Holders of a majority in interest of the Securities then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Corporation, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Corporation.

 

“Warrants” means, collectively, the Common Stock purchase warrants delivered to the Holder at the Closing in accordance with Section 2.2(a) of the Purchase Agreement, which Warrants shall be exercisable immediately and have a term of exercise equal to 5 years, in the form of Exhibit C attached to the Purchase Agreement.

 

“Warrant Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants.

 

Section 2Designation, Amount and Par Value.

 

The series of preferred stock shall be designated as the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Preferred Stock”) and the number of shares so designated shall be up to                     .  Each share of Preferred Stock shall have a par value of $0.01 per share and a stated value equal to $1,000, subject to increase set forth in Section 3 below (the “Stated Value”).

 

5



 

Section 3Dividends.

 

a)             Dividends.  Holders shall be entitled to receive, and the Corporation shall pay, dividends on shares of Preferred Stock equal (on an as-if-converted-to-Common-Stock basis) to and in the same form as dividends (other than dividends in the form of Common Stock) actually paid on shares of the Common Stock when, as and if such dividends (other than dividends in the form of Common Stock) are paid on shares of the Common Stock.  Other than as set forth in the previous sentence, no other dividends shall be paid on shares of Preferred Stock;  and the Corporation shall pay no dividends (other than dividends in the form of Common Stock) on shares of the Common Stock unless it simultaneously complies with the previous sentence.  All accrued but unpaid dividends on shares of Preferred Stock shall increase the Stated Value of such shares, but when such dividends are actually paid any such increase in the Stated Value shall be rescinded.

 

b)            So long as any Preferred Stock shall remain outstanding, neither the Corporation nor any Subsidiary thereof shall redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire directly or indirectly more than a de minimis amount of any Junior Securities other than as to repurchases of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents from departing officers or directors, and provided that, while any of the Preferred Stock remains outstanding, such repurchases shall not exceed an aggregate of $100,00 in any fiscal year from all officers and directors.

 

Section 4Voting Rights.  Except as otherwise provided herein or as otherwise required by law, the Preferred Stock shall have no voting rights. However, as long as any shares of Preferred Stock are outstanding, the Corporation shall not, without the affirmative vote of the Holders of at least 67% of the then outstanding shares of the Preferred Stock, (a) alter or change adversely the powers, preferences or rights given to the Preferred Stock or alter or amend this Certificate of Designation, (b) authorize or create any class of stock ranking as to dividends, redemption or distribution of assets upon a Liquidation (as defined in Section 5) senior to, or otherwise pari passu with, the Preferred Stock, (c) amend its certificate of incorporation or other charter documents in any manner that adversely affects any rights of the Holders, (d) increase the number of authorized shares of Preferred Stock, or (e) enter into any agreement with respect to any of the foregoing. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Section 4, the holders of Preferred Stock shall not have a separate class vote with respect to any action taken in connection with a Change of Control Transaction.

 

Section 5Liquidation.  Upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary (a “Liquidation”), the Holders shall be entitled to receive out of the assets, whether capital or surplus, of the Corporation an amount equal to the Stated Value, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends thereon and any other fees or liquidated damages then due and owing thereon under this Certificate of Designation, for each share of Preferred Stock before any distribution or payment shall be made to the holders of any Junior Securities, and if the assets of the Corporation shall be insufficient to pay in full such amounts, then the entire assets to be distributed to the Holders shall be ratably distributed among the Holders in accordance with the respective amounts that would be payable on such shares if all amounts payable thereon were paid in full. A Fundamental Transaction or Change of Control Transaction shall not be deemed a Liquidation. The Corporation shall mail written notice of any such Liquidation, not less than 45 days prior to the payment date stated therein, to each Holder.

 

Section 6Conversion.

 

a)             Conversions at Option of Holder.  Each share of Preferred Stock shall be convertible, at any time and from time to time from and after the Original Issue Date at the option of the Holder thereof, into that number of shares of Common Stock (subject to the limitations set forth in Section 6(d))

 

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determined by dividing the Stated Value of such share of Preferred Stock by the Conversion Price. Holders shall effect conversions by providing the Corporation with the form of conversion notice attached hereto as Annex A (a “Notice of Conversion”).  Each Notice of Conversion shall specify the number of shares of Preferred Stock to be converted, the number of shares of Preferred Stock owned prior to the conversion at issue, the number of shares of Preferred Stock owned subsequent to the conversion at issue and the date on which such conversion is to be effected, which date may not be prior to the date the applicable Holder delivers by facsimile such Notice of Conversion to the Corporation (such date, the “Conversion Date”).  If no Conversion Date is specified in a Notice of Conversion, the Conversion Date shall be the date that such Notice of Conversion to the Corporation is deemed delivered hereunder. The calculations and entries set forth in the Notice of Conversion shall control in the absence of manifest or mathematical error. To effect conversions of shares of Preferred Stock, a Holder shall not be required to surrender the certificate(s) representing the shares of Preferred Stock to the Corporation unless all of the shares of Preferred Stock represented thereby are so converted, in which case such Holder shall deliver the certificate representing such shares of Preferred Stock promptly following the Conversion Date at issue. Shares of Preferred Stock converted into Common Stock or redeemed in accordance with the terms hereof shall be canceled and shall not be reissued, The Company shall maintain records showing the number of shares of Preferred Stock converted for each Holder and the applicable Conversion Date. Each Holder and any assignee, by acceptance of a certificate for the Preferred Stock, acknowledges and agrees that, by reason of the provisions of this paragraph, the number of shares of Preferred Stock represented by such certificate may at any given time be less than the amount stated on the face thereof.

 

b)            Conversion Price.  The conversion price for the Preferred Stock shall equal [*], subject to adjustment herein (the “Conversion Price”).

 

c)             Mechanics of Conversion.

 

i)              Delivery of Certificate Upon Conversion.  Not later than three (3) Trading Days after each Conversion Date (the “Share Delivery Date”), the Corporation shall deliver, or cause to be delivered, to the converting Holder (A) a certificate or certificates representing the Conversion Shares which shall be free of restrictive legends and trading restrictions representing the number of Conversion Shares being acquired upon the conversion of the Preferred Stock. The Corporation shall use its best efforts to deliver any certificate or certificates required to be delivered by the Corporation under this Section 6 electronically through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions.

 

ii)             Failure to Deliver Certificates.  If, in the case of any Notice of Conversion, such certificate or certificates are not delivered to or as directed by the applicable Holder by the Share Delivery Date, the Holder shall be entitled to elect by written notice to the Corporation at any time on or before its receipt of such certificate or certificates, to rescind such Conversion, in which event the Corporation shall promptly return to the Holder any original Preferred Stock certificate delivered to the Corporation and the Holder shall promptly return to the Corporation the Common Stock certificates issued to such Holder pursuant to the rescinded Conversion Notice.

 

iii)            Obligation Absolute;  Partial Liquidated Damages.  The Corporation’s obligation to issue and deliver the Conversion Shares upon conversion of Preferred Stock in accordance with the terms hereof are absolute and unconditional, irrespective of any action or inaction by a Holder to enforce the same, any waiver or consent with respect to any provision hereof, the recovery of any judgment against any Person or any action to enforce the same, or any setoff, counterclaim, recoupment, limitation or termination, or any breach or alleged breach by such Holder or any other Person of any obligation to the Corporation or any violation or alleged violation of law by such Holder or any other person, and

 

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irrespective of any other circumstance which might otherwise limit such obligation of the Corporation to such Holder in connection with the issuance of such Conversion Shares;  provided, however, that such delivery shall not operate as a waiver by the Corporation of any such action that the Corporation may have against such Holder. In the event a Holder shall elect to convert any or all of the Stated Value of its Preferred Stock, the Corporation may not refuse conversion based on any claim that such Holder or any one associated or affiliated with such Holder has been engaged in any violation of law, agreement or for any other reason, unless an injunction from a court, on notice to Holder, restraining and/or enjoining conversion of all or part of the Preferred Stock of such Holder shall have been sought and obtained, and the Corporation posts a surety bond for the benefit of such Holder in the amount of 150% of the Stated Value of Preferred Stock which is subject to the injunction, which bond shall remain in effect until the completion of arbitration/litigation of the underlying dispute and the proceeds of which shall be payable to such Holder to the extent it obtains judgment. In the absence of such injunction, the Corporation shall issue Conversion Shares and, if applicable, cash, upon a properly noticed conversion. If the Corporation fails to deliver to a Holder such certificate or certificates pursuant to Section 6(c)(i) on the second Trading Day after the Share Delivery Date applicable to such conversion, the Corporation shall pay to such Holder, in cash, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty, for each $10,000 of Stated Value of Preferred Stock being converted, $10 per Trading Day (increasing to $20 per Trading Day on the fifth Trading Day after such damages begin to accrue) for each Trading Day after such second Trading Day after the Share Delivery Date until such certificates are delivered or Holder rescinds such conversion. Nothing herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue actual damages for the Corporation’s failure to deliver Conversion Shares within the period  specified herein and such Holder shall have the right to pursue all remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief. The exercise of any such rights shall not prohibit a Holder from seeking to enforce damages pursuant to any other Section hereof or under applicable law.

 

iv)           Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Certificates Upon Conversion.  In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Corporation fails for any reason to deliver to a Holder the applicable certificate or certificates by the Share Delivery Date pursuant to Section 6(c)(i), and if after such Share Delivery Date such Holder is required by its brokerage firm to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise), or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by such Holder of the Conversion Shares which such Holder was entitled to receive upon the conversion relating to such Share Delivery Date (a “Buy-In”), then the Corporation shall (A) pay in cash to such Holder (in addition to any other remedies available to or elected by such Holder) the amount, if any, by which (x) such Holder’s total purchase price (including any brokerage commissions) for the Common Stock so purchased exceeds (y) the product of (1) the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that such Holder was entitled to receive from the conversion at issue multiplied by (2) the actual sale price at which the sell order giving rise to such purchase obligation was executed (including any brokerage commissions) and (B) at the option of such Holder, either reissue (if surrendered) the shares of Preferred Stock equal to the number of shares of Preferred Stock submitted for conversion (in which case, such conversion shall be deemed rescinded) or deliver to such Holder the number of shares of Common Stock that would have been issued if the Corporation had timely complied with its delivery requirements under Section 6(c)(i). For example, if a Holder purchases shares of Common Stock having a total purchase price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to an attempted conversion of shares of Preferred Stock with respect to which the actual sale price of the Conversion Shares (including any brokerage commissions) giving rise to such purchase obligation was a total of $10,000 under clause (A) of the immediately preceding sentence, the Corporation shall be required to pay such Holder $1,000. The Holder shall provide the Corporation written notice indicating the amounts payable to such Holder in respect of the Buy-In and, upon request of the Corporation, evidence of the amount of such loss. Nothing herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of

 

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specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Corporation’s failure to timely deliver certificates representing shares of Common Stock upon conversion of the shares of Preferred Stock as required pursuant to the terms hereof.

 

v)            Reservation of Shares Issuable Upon Conversion.  The Corporation covenants that it will at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized and unissued shares of Common Stock for the sole purpose of issuance upon conversion of the Preferred Stock, as herein provided, free from preemptive rights or any other actual contingent purchase rights of Persons other than the Holder (and the other holders of the Preferred Stock), not less than such aggregate number of shares of the Common Stock as shall (subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement) be issuable (taking into account the adjustments and restrictions of Section 7) upon the conversion of the then outstanding shares of Preferred Stock hereunder. The Corporation covenants that all shares of Common Stock that shall be so issuable shall, upon issue, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

 

vi)           Fractional Shares.  No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the conversion of the Preferred Stock. As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such conversion, the Corporation shall at its election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the Conversion Price or round up to the next whole share.

 

vii)          Transfer Taxes.  The issuance of certificates for shares of the Common Stock on conversion of this Preferred Stock shall be made without charge to any Holder for any documentary stamp or similar taxes that may be payable in respect of the issue or delivery of such certificates, provided that the Corporation shall not be required to pay any tax that may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the issuance and delivery of any such certificate upon conversion in a name other than that of the Holders of such shares of Preferred Stock and the Corporation shall not be required to issue or deliver such certificates unless or until the Person or Persons requesting the issuance thereof shall have paid to the Corporation the amount of such tax or shall have established to the satisfaction of the Corporation that such tax has been paid.

 

d)            Beneficial Ownership Limitation.  The Corporation shall not effect any conversion of the Preferred Stock, and a Holder shall not have the right to convert any portion of the Preferred Stock, to the extent that, after giving effect to the conversion set forth on the applicable Notice of Conversion, such Holder (together with such Holder’s Affiliates, and any Persons acting as a group together with such Holder or any of such Holder’s Affiliates) would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by such Holder and its Affiliates shall include the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Preferred Stock with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude the number of shares of Common Stock which are issuable upon (i) conversion of the remaining, unconverted Stated Value of Preferred Stock beneficially owned by such Holder or any of its Affiliates and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or unconverted portion of any other securities of the Corporation subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein (including, without limitation, the Preferred Stock or the Warrants) beneficially owned by such Holder or any of its Affiliates. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 6(d), beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. The submission of a Notice of Conversion shall be deemed to be such Holder’s determination of whether the shares of Preferred Stock may be converted (in relation to other securities owned by such Holder together with any Affiliates) and how many shares of the Preferred Stock are convertible, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation. To ensure compliance with this restriction, each Holder will be deemed to represent to the

 

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Corporation each time it delivers a Notice of Conversion that such Notice of Conversion has not violated the restrictions set forth in this paragraph and the Corporation shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. In addition, a determination as to any group status as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.  For purposes of this Section 6(d), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as stated in the most recent of the following: (i) the Corporation’s most recent periodic or annual report filed with the Commission, as the case may be, (ii) a more recent public announcement by the Corporation or (iii) a more recent written notice by the Corporation or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of a Holder, the Corporation shall within two Trading Days confirm orally and in writing to such Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Corporation, including the Preferred Stock, by such Holder or its Affiliates since the date as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. The “Beneficial  Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of Preferred Stock held by the applicable Holder. A Holder, upon not less than 61 days’ prior notice to the Corporation, may increase or decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 6(d) applicable to its Preferred Stock provided that the Beneficial Ownership Limitation in no event exceeds 9.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon conversion of this Preferred Stock held by the Holder and the provisions of this Section 6(d) shall continue to apply. Any such increase or decrease will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered to the Corporation and shall only apply to such Holder and no other Holder. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 6(d) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation contained herein or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of Preferred Stock.

 

Section 7Certain Adjustments.

 

a)             Stock Dividends and Stock Splits.  If the Corporation, at any time while this Preferred Stock is outstanding:  (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise makes a distribution or distributions payable in shares of Common Stock on shares of Common Stock or any other Common Stock Equivalents (which, for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Corporation upon conversion of, or payment of a dividend on, this Preferred Stock), (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of a reverse stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) issues, in the event of a reclassification of shares of the Common Stock, any shares of capital stock of the Corporation, then the Conversion Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding any treasury shares of the Corporation) outstanding immediately before such event, and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 7(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.

 

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b)            RESERVED.

 

c)             Subsequent Rights Offerings.  If the Corporation, at any time while this Preferred Stock is outstanding, shall issue rights, options or warrants to all holders of Common Stock (and not to the Holders) entitling them to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock at a price per share that is lower than the VWAP on the record date referenced below, then the Conversion Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding on the date of issuance of such rights, options or warrants plus the number of additional shares of Common Stock offered for subscription or purchase, and of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding on the date of issuance of such rights, options or warrants plus the number of shares which the aggregate offering price of the total number of shares so offered (assuming delivery to the Corporation in full of all consideration payable upon exercise of such rights, options or warrants) would purchase at such VWAP. Such adjustment shall be made whenever such rights, options or warrants are issued, and shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such rights, options or warrants.

 

d)            Pro Rata Distributions.  If the Corporation, at any time while this Preferred Stock is outstanding, distributes to all holders of Common Stock (and not to the Holders) evidences of its indebtedness or assets (including cash and cash dividends) or rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any security, then in each such case the Conversion Price shall be adjusted by multiplying such Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to the record date fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to receive such distribution by a fraction of which the denominator shall be the VWAP determined as of the record date mentioned above, and of which the numerator shall be such VWAP on such record date less the then fair market value at such record date of the portion of such assets or evidence of indebtedness or rights or warrants so distributed applicable to one outstanding share of the Common Stock as determined by the Board of Directors of the Corporation in good faith. In either case the adjustments shall be described in a statement delivered to the Holders describing the portion of assets or evidences of indebtedness so distributed or such subscription rights applicable to one share of Common Stock. Such adjustment shall be made whenever any such distribution is made and shall become effective immediately after the record date mentioned above.

 

e)             Fundamental Transaction.  If, at any time while this Preferred Stock is outstanding, (i) the Corporation, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Corporation with or into another Person, (ii) the Corporation, directly or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of its assets in one or a series of related transactions, (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the Corporation or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of 50% or more of the outstanding Common Stock, (iv) the Corporation, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property, (v) the Corporation, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with another Person whereby such other Person acquires more than 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (not including any shares of Common Stock held by the other Person or other Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the other Persons making or party to, such stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination) (each a “Fundamental Transaction”), then, upon any subsequent conversion of this Preferred Stock, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Conversion Share that would have been issuable upon such conversion immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation in Section 6(d) on the conversion of this Preferred Stock), the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Corporation, if it is the

 

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surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”) receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Preferred Stock is convertible immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation in Section 6(d) on the conversion of this Preferred Stock). For purposes of any such conversion, the determination of the Conversion Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental Transaction, and the Corporation shall apportion the Conversion Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration it receives upon any conversion of this Preferred Stock following such Fundamental Transaction. To the extent necessary to effectuate the foregoing provisions, any successor to the Corporation or surviving entity in such Fundamental Transaction shall file a new Certificate of Designation with the same terms and conditions and issue to the Holders new preferred stock consistent with the foregoing provisions and evidencing the Holders’ right to convert such preferred stock into Alternate Consideration. The Corporation shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Corporation is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Corporation under this Certificate of Designation and the other Transaction Documents (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) in accordance with the provisions of this Section 7(e) pursuant to written agreements in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental Transaction and shall, at the option of the holder of this Preferred Stock, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Preferred Stock a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Preferred Stock which is convertible for a corresponding number of shares of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable and receivable upon conversion of this Preferred Stock (without regard to any limitations on the conversion of this Preferred Stock) prior to such Fundamental Transaction, and with a conversion price which applies the conversion price hereunder to such shares of capital stock (but taking into account the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such shares of capital stock, such number of shares of capital stock and such conversion price being for the purpose of protecting the economic value of this Preferred Stock immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction), and which is reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Holder. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Certificate of Designation and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Corporation” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Corporation and shall assume all of the obligations of the Corporation under this Certificate of Designation and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Corporation herein.

 

f)             Calculations.  All calculations under this Section 7 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be. For purposes of this Section 7, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding any treasury shares of the Corporation) issued and outstanding.

 

g)            Notice to the Holders.

 

i)              Adjustment to Conversion Price.  Whenever the Conversion Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 7, the Corporation shall promptly deliver to each Holder a notice setting forth the Conversion Price after such adjustment and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.

 

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ii)             Notice to Allow Conversion by Holder.  If (A) the Corporation shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on the Common Stock, (B) the Corporation shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the Corporation shall authorize the granting to all holders of the Common Stock of rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Corporation shall be required in connection with any reclassification of the Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Corporation is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Corporation, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted into other securities, cash or property or (E) the Corporation shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Corporation, then, in each case, the Corporation shall cause to be filed at each office or agency maintained for the purpose of conversion of this Preferred Stock, and shall cause to be delivered to each Holder at its last address as it shall appear upon the stock books of the Corporation, at least twenty (20) calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of the Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of the Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange, provided that the failure to deliver such notice or any defect therein or in the delivery thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Corporation or any of the Subsidiaries, the Corporation shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K.  The Holder shall remain entitled to convert the Conversion Amount of this Preferred Stock (or any part hereof) during the 20-day period commencing on the date of such notice through the effective date of the event triggering such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.

 

Section 8.  RESERVED

 

Section 9Negative Covenants.  As long as any shares of Preferred Stock are outstanding, unless the holders of at least 67% in Stated Value of the then outstanding shares of Preferred Stock shall have otherwise given prior written consent, the Corporation shall not, and shall not permit any of the Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly:

 

a)             other than Permitted Indebtedness, enter into, create, incur, assume, guarantee or suffer to exist any indebtedness for borrowed money of any kind, including but not limited to, a guarantee, on or with respect to any of its property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired or any interest therein or any income or profits therefrom;

 

b)            other than Permitted Liens, enter into, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Liens of any kind, on or with respect to any of its property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired or any interest therein or any income or profits therefrom;

 

c)             amend its charter documents, including, without limitation, its certificate of incorporation and bylaws, in any manner that materially and adversely affects any rights of the Holder;  provided, however, that this covenant shall in no event apply to amendments to increase the Corporation’s authorized number of shares of Common Stock;

 

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d)            repay, repurchase or offer to repay, repurchase or otherwise acquire more than a de minimis number of shares of its Common Stock, Common Stock Equivalents or Junior Securities, other than as to (i) the Conversion Shares or Warrant Shares as permitted or required under the Transaction Documents and (ii) repurchases of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents of departing officers and directors of the Corporation, provided that such repurchases shall not exceed an aggregate of $100,000 in any fiscal year for all officers and directors for so long as the Preferred Stock is outstanding;

 

e)             pay cash dividends or distributions on Junior Securities of the Corporation; or

 

f)             enter into any agreement with respect to any of the foregoing.

 

Section 10Miscellaneous.

 

a)             Notices.  Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries to be provided by the Holders hereunder including, without limitation, any Notice of Conversion, shall be in writing and delivered personally, by facsimile, or sent by a nationally recognized overnight courier service, addressed to the Corporation, at 6430 Rockledge Drive, #503, Bethesda, Maryland  20817, Attention:  Corporate Secretary, facsimile number (301) 897-2567, or such other facsimile number or address as the Corporation may specify for such purposes by notice to the Holders delivered in accordance with this Section 10, with a copy sent by facsimile or overnight courier service to:  James E. Baker, Jr., Baxter, Baker, Sidle, Conn & Jones, P.A., 120 E. Baltimore Street, Suite 2100, Baltimore, Maryland  21202, facsimile number (410) 230-3801.  Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries to be provided by the Corporation hereunder shall be in writing and delivered personally, by facsimile, or sent by a nationally recognized overnight courier service addressed to each Holder at the facsimile number or address of such Holder appearing on the books of the Corporation, or if no such facsimile number or address appears on the books of the Corporation, at the principal place of business of such Holder, as set forth in the Purchase Agreement. Any notice or other communication or deliveries hereunder shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of (i) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile number set forth in this Section prior to 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any date, (ii) the next Trading Day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile number set forth in this Section on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (iii) the second Trading Day following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service, or (iv) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given.

 

b)            Absolute Obligation.  Except as expressly provided herein, no provision of this Certificate of Designation shall alter or impair the obligation of the Corporation, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay liquidated damages, accrued dividends and accrued interest, as applicable, on the shares of Preferred Stock at the time, place, and rate, and in the coin or currency, herein prescribed.

 

c)             Lost or Mutilated Preferred Stock Certificate.  If a Holder’s Preferred Stock certificate shall be mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Corporation shall execute and deliver, in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation of a mutilated certificate, or in lieu of or in substitution for a lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, a new certificate for the shares of Preferred Stock so mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, but only upon receipt of evidence of such loss, theft or destruction of such certificate, and of the ownership hereof reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation.

 

d)            Governing Law.  All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Certificate of Designation shall be governed by and construed and enforced in

 

14



 

accordance with the internal laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to the principles of conflict of laws thereof.

 

e)             Waiver.  Any waiver by the Corporation or a Holder of a breach of any provision of this Certificate of Designation shall not operate as or be construed to be a waiver of any other breach of such provision or of any breach of any other provision of this Certificate of Designation or a waiver by any other Holders. The failure of the Corporation or a Holder to insist upon strict adherence to any term of this Certificate of Designation on one or more occasions shall not be considered a waiver or deprive that party (or any other Holder) of the right thereafter to insist upon strict adherence to that term or any other term of this Certificate of Designation on any other occasion. Any waiver by the Corporation or a Holder must be in writing.

 

f)             Severability.  If any provision of this Certificate of Designation is invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the balance of this Certificate of Designation shall remain in effect, and if any provision is inapplicable to any Person or circumstance, it shall nevertheless remain applicable to all other Persons and circumstances.  If it shall be found that any interest or other amount deemed interest due hereunder violates the applicable law governing usury, the applicable rate of interest due hereunder shall automatically be lowered to equal the maximum rate of interest permitted under applicable law.

 

g)            Next Business Day.  Whenever any payment or other obligation hereunder shall be due on a day other than a Business Day, such payment shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day.

 

h)            Headings.  The headings contained herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Certificate of Designation and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.

 

i)              Status of Converted or Redeemed Preferred Stock.  Shares of Preferred Stock may only be issued pursuant to the Purchase Agreement. If any shares of Preferred Stock shall be converted, redeemed or reacquired by the Corporation, such shares shall resume the status of authorized but unissued shares of preferred stock and shall no longer be designated as Series B Convertible Preferred Stock.

 

RESOLVED, FURTHER, that the Chief Executive Officer/Chief Operating Officer, the Treasurer and the Secretary or any assistant secretary, of the Corporation be and they hereby are authorized and directed to prepare and file this Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations in accordance with the foregoing resolution and the provisions of Delaware law.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed this Certificate this          day of September, 2010.

 

 

 

 

 

Name: Robert L. Clayton

 

Name: Claire L. Kruger

Title: Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer

 

Title: Chief Executive Officer and Chief Operating Officer

 

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ANNEX A

 

NOTICE OF CONVERSION

 

(TO BE EXECUTED BY THE REGISTERED HOLDER IN ORDER TO CONVERT SHARES OF PREFERRED STOCK)

 

The undersigned hereby elects to convert the number of shares of [*] Series B Convertible Preferred Stock indicated below into shares of common stock, par value $0.005 per share (the “Common Stock”), of Spherix Incorporated, a Delaware corporation (the “Corporation”), according to the conditions hereof, as of the date written below.  If shares of Common Stock are to be issued in the name of a Person other than the undersigned, the undersigned will pay all transfer taxes payable with respect thereto and is delivering herewith such certificates and opinions as may be required by the Corporation in accordance with the Purchase Agreement.  No fee will be charged to the Holders for any conversion, except for any such transfer taxes.

 

Conversion calculations:

 

Date to Effect Conversion:

 

Number of shares of Preferred Stock owned prior to Conversion:

 

Number of shares of Preferred Stock to be Converted:

 

Stated Value of shares of Preferred Stock to be Converted:

 

Number of shares of Common Stock to be Issued:

 

Applicable Conversion Price:

 

Number of shares of Preferred Stock subsequent to Conversion:

 

Address for Delivery:

 

or

 

DWAC Instructions*:

 

Name of DTC Participant (Holder’s prime broker-dealer):

 

DTC Participant Number:

 

Name of Account at DTC Participant to be credited with the shares:

 

Account Number at DTS Participant to be credited with the shares:

 

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*You must contact your broker-dealer and ask them to initiate the DWAC or you will not receive the shares.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Print Name of Holder)

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

17


EX-5.1 3 a10-13555_2ex5d1.htm EX-5.1

EXHIBIT 5.1

 

Baxter, Baker, Sidle, Conn & Jones, P.A.

Attorneys at Law  

120 E. Baltimore Street, Suite 2100  

Baltimore, Maryland  21202-1643  

 

James E. Baker, Jr.

Telephone (410) 230-3800

Direct Line (410) 385-8122

Facsimile (410) 230-3801

e-mail: jbaker@bbsclaw.com

 

 

September 3, 2010

 

Spherix Incorporated

6430 Rockledge Drive

Westmoreland Building #503

Bethesda, Maryland  20817

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

We are acting as counsel for Spherix Incorporated, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), in connection with the proposed issuance and sale by the Company of shares of its  Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (“Preferred Stock”), par value $0.01 per share (the “Shares”), and warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase shares of the Company’s Common Stock, per value 0.005 (the “Common Stock”) pursuant to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (such Registration Statement, as amended from time to time, is herein referred to as the “Registration Statement”) filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”).  The Preferred Stock is convertible into shares of the Common Stock.

 

We have reviewed and are familiar with such documents, certificates, corporate proceedings and other materials and have reviewed such questions of law, as we have considered relevant or necessary as a basis for this opinion.  Based upon the foregoing, we are of the opinion that:

 

1.             The Shares have been duly authorized and, when the Board of Directors of the Company or a duly authorized committee of the Board of Directors (the “Board”) has taken all necessary corporate action to approve the issuance and establish the terms of offering of the Shares and related matters and when the Shares have been issued and sold by the Company in the manner contemplated by the Registration Statement and in accordance with such Board action, such Shares (including any shares of Common Stock duly issued upon the conversion of the Preferred Stock or the exercise of the Warrants in accordance with the terms of the Preferred Stock and the Warrants) will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

 

2.             The Warrants, when (i) one or more agreements incorporating the terms and other provisions thereof has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and a warrant agent or a warrant holder (a “Warrant Agreement”), (ii) the Board has taken all necessary corporate action to approve the issuance and establish the terms of such Warrants, the terms of the offering of such Warrants, and related matters, (iii) the Warrant certificates have been duly executed and authenticated or countersigned in accordance with the terms of the appropriate Warrant Agreement and (iv) such Warrants

 

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have been issued and sold in the manner contemplated by the Registration Statement and in accordance with the applicable Warrant Agreement, will be valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms, except as may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, arrangement, preference, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance or transfer or similar laws affecting or relating to the rights of creditors generally, by general principles of equity (regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law) and by requirements of reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing.

 

This opinion is limited to matters governed by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

 

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion with the Commission as Exhibit 5.1 to the Registration Statement and to the use of our name under the caption “Legal Matters” in the Registration Statement and in the prospectus included therein.  In giving this opinion and consent, we do not hereby admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.

 

 

 

Very truly yours,

 

 

 

 

 

BAXTER, BAKER, SIDLE, CONN & JONES, P.A.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ James E. Baker, Jr

 

 

 

James E. Baker, Jr., Principal

 

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EX-10.19 4 a10-13555_2ex10d19.htm EX-10.19

EXHIBIT 10.19

 

Engagement letter agreement dated August 12, 2010 by and between

Spherix Incorporated and Rodman & Renshaw, LLC

 

August 12, 2010

 

CONFIDENTIAL

 

Dr. Claire L. Kruger

Chief Executive Officer

Spherix Incorporated

6430 Rockledge Drive

Suite 503

Bethesda, MD 20817

 

Dear Dr. Kruger:

 

This letter (the “Agreement”) constitutes the agreement between Rodman & Renshaw, LLC (“Rodman” or the “Placement Agent”) and Spherix Incorporated (the “Company”), that Rodman shall serve as the exclusive placement agent for the Company, on a “reasonable best efforts” basis, in connection with the proposed placement (the “Placement”) of registered securities of the Company (the “Securities”). The terms of such Placement and the Securities shall be mutually agreed upon by the Company and the purchasers (each, a “Purchaser” and collectively, the “Purchasers”) and nothing herein constitutes that Rodman would have the power or authority to bind the Company or any Purchaser or an obligation for the Company to issue any Securities or complete the Placement. This Agreement and the documents executed and delivered by the Company and the Purchasers in connection with the Placement shall be collectively referred to herein as the “Transaction Documents.”  The date of the closing of the Placement shall be referred to herein as the “Closing Date.”  The Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that the execution of this Agreement does not constitute a commitment by Rodman to purchase the Securities and does not ensure the successful placement of the Securities or any portion thereof or the success of Rodman with respect to securing any other financing on behalf of the Company.

 

SECTION 1.           COMPENSATION AND OTHER FEES.

 

As compensation for the services provided by Rodman hereunder, the Company agrees to pay to Rodman:

 

(A)          The fees set forth below with respect to the Placement:

 

1.               A cash fee payable immediately upon the closing of the Placement and equal to 6% of the aggregate gross proceeds raised in the Placement.

 

2.     Such number of warrants (the “Rodman Warrants”) to Rodman or its designees at the Closing to purchase shares of common stock of the Company (“Shares”) equal to 3% of the aggregate number of Shares sold in the Placement, plus any Shares underlying any convertible Securities sold in the Placement to such purchasers.  The Rodman Warrants shall have a term of two (2) years, and an exercise price of 125% of the public offering price.  The Rodman Warrants shall not have antidilution protections or be transferable for six months from the date of the Offering, except as permitted by FINRA Rule 5110, and further, the number of Shares underlying the Rodman Warrants shall be reduced if necessary to comply with FINRA rules or regulations.

 

1



 

(B)           The Company also agrees to reimburse all of Rodman’s expenses (with supporting invoices/receipts) in amount equal to 1.5% of the aggregate gross proceeds raised in the placement, with a maximum payable amount of $45,000. Such reimbursement shall be payable immediately upon (but only in the event of) the closing of the Placement.

 

SECTION 2.           REGISTRATION STATEMENT.

 

The Company represents and warrants to, and agrees with, the Placement Agent that:

 

(A)          The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).  At the time of such filing, the Company  met the requirements of Form S-1 under the Securities Act.  The Company will file with the Commission pursuant to Rules 430A and 424(b) under the Securities Act, and the rules and regulations (the “Rules and Regulations”) of the Commission promulgated thereunder, a final prospectus included in such registration statement relating to the placement of the Securities and the plan of distribution thereof and has advised the Placement Agent of all further information (financial and other) with respect to the Company required to be set forth therein. Such registration statement, including the exhibits thereto, as amended at the date of this Agreement, is hereinafter called the “Registration Statement”; such prospectus in the form in which it appears in the Registration Statement is hereinafter called the “Base Prospectus”; and the amended or supplemented form of prospectus, in the form in which it will be filed with the Commission pursuant to Rules 430A and 424(b) (including the Base Prospectus as so amended or supplemented) is hereinafter called the “Prospectus Supplement.” Any reference in this Agreement to the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein (the “Incorporated Documents”) pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-1 which will be filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), on or before the date of this Agreement, or the issue date of the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement, as the case may be; and any reference in this Agreement to the terms “amend,” “amendment” or “supplement” with respect to the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement shall be deemed to refer to and include the filing of any document under the Exchange Act after the date of this Agreement, or the issue date of the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement, as the case may be, deemed to be incorporated therein by reference. All references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules and other information that is “contained,” “included,” “described,” “referenced,” “set forth” or “stated” in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement (and all other references of like import) shall be deemed to mean and include all such financial statements and schedules and other information that is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement, as the case may be.  Following FINRA approval of the compensation arrangements set forth in Section 1, the Company has no reason to believe that the Registration Statement will not be declared effective by the Commission.

 

(B)           The Registration Statement (and any further documents to be filed with the Commission) will contain all exhibits and schedules as required by the Securities Act. Each of the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, at the time it becomes effective, will comply in all material respects with the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The Base Prospectus, and the Prospectus Supplement, each as of its respective date, will comply in all material respects with the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations. Each of the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the

 

2



 

circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Incorporated Documents, if any, will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Exchange Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations, and none of such documents will contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein (with respect to Incorporated Documents incorporated by reference in the Base Prospectus or Prospectus Supplement), in light of the circumstances under which they are made not misleading; and any further documents so filed and incorporated by reference in the Base Prospectus or Prospectus Supplement, when such documents are filed with the Commission, will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Exchange Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations, as applicable, and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. There are no documents required to be filed with the Commission in connection with the transaction contemplated hereby that (x) have not been filed as required pursuant to the Securities Act or (y) will not be filed within the requisite time period.

 

(C)           The Company is eligible to use free writing prospectuses in connection with the Placement pursuant to Rules 164 and 433 under the Securities Act.  Any free writing prospectus that the Company is required to file pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities Act will be filed with the Commission in accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.  Each free writing prospectus that the Company is required to file, pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities Act or that was prepared by or behalf of or used by the Company complies or will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.  The Company will not, without the prior consent of the Placement Agent, prepare, use or refer to, any free writing prospectus.

 

(D)          The Company will, as promptly as practicable, deliver to the Placement Agent complete conformed copies of the Registration Statement and of each consent and certificate of experts, as applicable, filed as a part thereof, and conformed copies of the Registration Statement (without exhibits), the Base Prospectus, and the Prospectus Supplement, as amended or supplemented, in such quantities and at such places as the Placement Agent reasonably requests.  Neither the Company nor any of its directors and officers will distribute, prior to the Closing Date, any offering material in connection with the offering and sale of the Securities other than the Base Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement, the Registration Statement, copies of the documents incorporated by reference therein and any other materials permitted by the Securities Act.

 

SECTION 3.           REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES.

 

Except as set forth in the SEC Reports (as herein defined), the Registration Statement, any Propspectus Supplement, or under the corresponding section of the Disclosure Schedules, which shall be deemed a part hereof, the Company hereby makes the representations and warranties set forth below to the Placement Agent.

 

(A)          Organization and Qualification.  All of the direct and indirect subsidiaries (individually, a “Subsidiary”) of the Company are set forth on Schedule 3(A).  The Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any “Liens” (which for purposes of this Agreement shall mean a lien, charge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction), and all the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.  The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization (as applicable), with the requisite power and authority to

 

3



 

own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted.  Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation or default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents.  Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be expected to result in (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction Document (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse Effect”) and no “Proceeding” (which for purposes of this Agreement shall mean any action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an investigation or partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened) has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification.

 

(B)           Authorization; Enforcement.  The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by each of the Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder.  The execution and delivery of each of the Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further action is required by the Company, its board of directors or its stockholders in connection therewith other than in connection with the “Required Approvals” (as defined in subsection 3(D) below).  Each Transaction Document has been (or upon delivery will have been) duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms except (i) as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies.

 

(C)           No Conflicts.  The execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents by the Company, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by the Company of the other transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not and will not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(D)          Filings, Consents and Approvals.  The Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or

 

4



 

other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other “Person” (defined as an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind, including, without limitation, any Trading Market) in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents, other than such filings as are required to be made under applicable Federal and state securities laws (collectively, the “Required Approvals”).

 

(E)           Issuance of the Securities; Registration.  The Securities will be duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the applicable Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company other than restrictions on transfer provided for in the Transaction Documents.  The Company has reserved from its duly authorized capital stock the maximum number of shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the Transaction Documents.  The issuance by the Company of the Securities will be registered under the Securities Act and all of the Securities will be freely transferable and tradable by the Purchasers without restriction (other than any restrictions arising solely from an act or omission of a Purchaser).  The Securities are being issued pursuant to the Registration Statement and the issuance of the Securities will be registered by the Company under the Securities Act.  Prior to the Closing, the Registration Statement will be effective and available for the issuance of the Securities thereunder. The “Plan of Distribution” section under the Registration Statement will permit the issuance and sale of the Securities hereunder.  Upon receipt of the Securities, the Purchasers will have good and marketable title to such Securities and, following conversion of the Securities in accordance with the applicable Transaction Documents, the Shares underlying the Securities will be freely tradable on the Nasdaq Exchange (the “Trading Market”).

 

(F)           Capitalization.  The capitalization of the Company will be set forth in the Registration Statement.  The Company has not issued any capital stock since its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act, other than pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options under the Company’s stock option plans, the issuance of shares of Common Stock to employees pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plan and pursuant to the conversion or exercise of securities exercisable, exchangeable or convertible into Common Stock (“Common Stock Equivalents”).  No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.  Except as a result of the purchase and sale of the Securities, there are no outstanding options, warrants, script rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common Stock, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents.  The issuance and sale of the Securities will not obligate the Company to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Purchasers) and will not result in a right of any holder of Company securities to adjust the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price under such securities. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.  No further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board of Directors of the Company or others is required for the issuance and sale of the Securities.  There are no stockholders agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders.

 

(G)           SEC Reports; Financial Statements.  The Company has complied in all material respects with requirements to file all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed

 

5



 

by it under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the two years preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required by law to file such material) (the foregoing materials, including the exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, being collectively referred to herein as the “SEC Reports”) on a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration of any such extension.  As of their respective dates, the SEC Reports complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.  The financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Reports comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the Commission with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing.  Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (“GAAP”), except as may be otherwise specified in such financial statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited financial statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended, subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial, year-end audit adjustments.

 

(H)          Material Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments.  Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Reports, except as specifically disclosed in the SEC Reports, (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP or required to be disclosed in filings made with the Commission, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or “Affiliate” (defined as any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 144 under the Securities Act), except pursuant to existing Company stock option plans.  The Company does not have pending before the Commission any request for confidential treatment of information.  Except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement, no event, liability or development has occurred or exists with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective business, properties, operations or financial condition, that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made that has not been publicly disclosed 1 Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.

 

(I)            Litigation.  There is no action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, Proceeding or investigation pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign) (collectively, an “Action”) which (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the Securities or (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.  Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation

 

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of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty.  There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the Commission involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company.  The Commission has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any Subsidiary under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act.  None of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relationships with their employees are good.  No executive officer, to the knowledge of the Company, is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters.  The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(J)            Labor Relations.  No material labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(K)          Compliance.  Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any order of any court, arbitrator or governmental body, or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws applicable to its business and all such laws that affect the environment, except in each case as could not have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(L)           Regulatory Permits.  The Company and the Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports, except where the failure to possess such permits could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (“Material Permits”), and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any Material Permit.

 

(M)         Title to Assets.  The Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries and good and marketable title in all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries, in each case free and clear of all Liens, except for Liens as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the Subsidiaries and Liens for the payment of federal, state or other taxes, the payment of which is neither delinquent nor subject to penalties.  Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases of which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance.

 

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(N)          Patents and Trademarks.  The Company and the Subsidiaries have, or have rights to use, all patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark applications, service marks, trade names, trade secrets, inventions, copyrights, licenses and other similar intellectual property rights necessary or material for use in connection with their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports and which the failure to so have could have a Material Adverse Effect (collectively, the “Intellectual Property Rights”).  Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received a notice (written or otherwise) that the Intellectual Property Rights used by the Company or any Subsidiary violates or infringes upon the rights of any third party.  To the knowledge of the Company, all such Intellectual Property Rights are enforceable and there is no existing infringement by another Person of any of the Intellectual Property Rights of others.  The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all of their intellectual properties, except where failure to do so could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(O)          Insurance.  The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged, including, but not limited to, directors and officers insurance coverage To the best knowledge of the Company, such insurance contracts and policies are accurate and complete.  Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost.

 

(P)           Transactions With Affiliates and Employees.  Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, none of the officers or directors of the Company and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee or partner, other than (i) for payment of salary or consulting fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) for other employee benefits, including stock option agreements under any stock option plan of the Company.

 

(Q)          Sarbanes-Oxley.  The Company is in material compliance with all provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 which are applicable to it as of the date hereof and of the closing date of the Placement.

 

(R)           Certain Fees.  Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, no brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be payable by the Company to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.  The Purchasers shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section that may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.

 

(S)           Trading Market Rules.  The issuance and sale of the Securities hereunder does not contravene the rules and regulations of the Trading Market.

 

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(T)           Investment Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities, will not be or be an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.  The Company shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become subject to the Investment Company Act.

 

(U)          Registration Rights.  No Person has any right to cause the Company to effect the registration under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company.

 

(V)           Listing and Maintenance Requirements.  The Company’s Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration.  The Company has not, in the 12 months preceding the date hereof, received notice from any Trading Market on which the Common Stock is or has been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market. The Company is, and has no reason to believe that it will not in the foreseeable future continue to be, in compliance with all such listing and maintenance requirements.

 

(W)         Application of Takeover Protections.  The Company and its Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation (or similar charter documents) or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to the Purchasers as a result of the Purchasers and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including without limitation as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Purchasers’ ownership of the Securities.

 

(X)          Solvency.  Based on the financial condition of the Company as of the Closing Date after giving effect to the receipt by the Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder, (i) the Company’s fair saleable value of its assets exceeds the amount that will be required to be paid on or in respect of the Company’s existing debts and other liabilities (including known contingent liabilities) as they mature; (ii) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on its business for the current fiscal year as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements of the business conducted by the Company, and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof; and (iii) the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its debt when such amounts are required to be paid.  The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt).  The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction within one year from the Closing Date.  The SEC Reports set forth as of the dates thereof all outstanding secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments.  For the purposes of this Agreement, “Indebtedness” shall mean (a) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $50,000 (other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (b) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent obligations in respect of Indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (c) the present value of any lease payments in excess

 

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of $50,000 due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP.  Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness.

 

(Y)           Tax Status.  Except for matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, the Company and each Subsidiary has filed all necessary federal, state and foreign income and franchise tax returns and has paid or accrued all taxes shown as due thereon, and the Company has no knowledge of a tax deficiency which has been asserted or threatened against the Company or any Subsidiary.

 

(Z)           Foreign Corrupt Practices.  Neither the Company, nor to the knowledge of the Company, any agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company (or made by any person acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which is  in violation of law, or (iv) violated in any material respect any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.

 

(AA)       Accountants.  The Company’s accountants are named in the Prospectus Supplement.  To the knowledge of the Company, such accountants, who the Company expects will express their opinion with respect to the financial statements to be included in the Company’s next Annual Report on Form 10-K, are a registered public accounting firm as required by the Securities Act.

 

(BB)        Regulation M Compliance.  The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities (other than for the Placement Agent’s placement of the Securities), or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company.

 

(CC)        Approvals.  The issuance and listing on the Trading Market of the Shares requires no further approvals, including but not limited to, the approval of shareholders.

 

(DD)       FINRA Affiliations.  There are no affiliations with any FINRA member firm among the Company’s officers, directors or, to the knowledge of the Company, any five percent (5%) or greater stockholder of the Company, except as set forth in the Base Prospectus.

 

SECTION 4.           ENGAGEMENT TERM.

 

Rodman’s engagement hereunder will be for the period of 90 days. The engagement may be terminated by either the Company or Rodman at any time upon 10 days’ written notice. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the provisions in this Agreement concerning confidentiality, indemnification and contribution will survive any expiration or termination of this Agreement.  Upon any termination of this Agreement, the Company’s obligation to pay Rodman any fees actually earned on closing of the Offering and otherwise payable under Section 1(A), shall survive any expiration or termination of this Agreement, as permitted by FINRA Rule 5110(f)(2)(d).  Upon any termination of this Agreement, the Company’s obligation to reimburse Rodman for out of pocket accountable expenses actually incurred by Rodman and reimbursable upon closing of the Offering pursuant to Section 1(B), if any are otherwise due under Section 1(B) hereof, will survive any expiration or termination of this Agreement, as permitted by FINRA Rule 5110(f)(2)(d).

 

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SECTION 5.           RODMAN INFORMATION.

 

The Company agrees that any information or advice rendered by Rodman in connection with this engagement is for the confidential use of the Company only in their evaluation of the Placement and, except as otherwise required by law, the Company will not disclose or otherwise refer to the advice or information in any manner without Rodman’s prior written consent.

 

SECTION 6.           NO FIDUCIARY RELATIONSHIP.

 

This Agreement does not create, and shall not be construed as creating rights enforceable by any person or entity not a party hereto, except those entitled hereto by virtue of the indemnification provisions hereof.  The Company acknowledges and agrees that Rodman is not and shall not be construed as a fiduciary of the Company and shall have no duties or liabilities to the equity holders or the creditors of the Company or any other person by virtue of this Agreement or the retention of Rodman hereunder, all of which are hereby expressly waived.

 

SECTION 7.           CLOSING.

 

The obligations of the Placement Agent and the Purchasers, and the closing of the sale of the Securities hereunder are subject to the accuracy, when made and on the Closing Date, of the representations and warranties on the part of the Company and its Subsidiaries contained herein, to the accuracy of the statements of the Company and its Subsidiaries made in any certificates pursuant to the provisions hereof, to the performance by the Company and its Subsidiaries of their obligations hereunder, and to each of the following additional terms and conditions:

 

(A)          No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall have been issued and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission, and any request for additional information on the part of the Commission (to be included in the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement or otherwise) shall have been complied with to the reasonable satisfaction of the Placement Agent.

 

(B)           The Placement Agent shall not have discovered and disclosed to the Company on or prior to the Closing Date that the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement or any amendment or supplement thereto contains an untrue statement of a fact which, in the opinion of counsel for the Placement Agent, is material or omits to state any fact which, in the opinion of such counsel, is material and is required to be stated therein or is necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.

 

(C)           All corporate proceedings and other legal matters incident to the authorization, form, execution, delivery and validity of each of this Agreement, the Securities, the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement and all other legal matters relating to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be reasonably satisfactory in all material respects to counsel for the Placement Agent, and the Company shall have furnished to such counsel all documents and information that they may reasonably request to enable them to pass upon such matters.

 

(D)          The Placement Agent shall have received from outside counsel to the Company such counsel’s written opinion, addressed to the Placement Agent and the Purchasers dated as of the Closing Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Placement Agent.

 

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(E)           Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall have sustained (i) since the date of the latest audited financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Base Prospectus, any loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood, terrorist act or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or court or governmental action, order or decree, otherwise than as set forth in or contemplated by the Base Prospectus and (ii) since such date there shall not have been any change in the capital stock or long-term debt of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any change, or any development involving a prospective change, in or affecting the business, general affairs, management, financial position, stockholders’ equity, results of operations or prospects of the Company and its Subsidiaries, otherwise than as set forth in or contemplated by the Base Prospectus, the effect of which, in any such case described in clause (i) or (ii), is, in the judgment of the Placement Agent, so material and adverse as to make it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the sale or delivery of the Securities on the terms and in the manner contemplated by the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement.

 

(F)           The Shares are registered under the Exchange Act and, as of the Closing Date, the Shares shall be listed and admitted and authorized for trading on the Trading Market, and satisfactory evidence of such actions shall have been provided to the Placement Agent.  The Company shall have taken no action designed to, or likely to have the effect of terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act or delisting or suspending from trading the Common Stock from the Trading Market, nor has the Company received any information suggesting that the Commission or the Trading Market is contemplating terminating such registration or listing.

 

(G)           Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, there shall not have occurred any of the following: (i) trading in securities generally on the New York Stock Exchange, the Nasdaq National Market or the NYSE Alternext US or in the over-the-counter market, or trading in any securities of the Company on any exchange or in the over-the-counter market, shall have been suspended or minimum or maximum prices or maximum ranges for prices shall have been established on any such exchange or such market by the Commission, by such exchange or by any other regulatory body or governmental authority having jurisdiction, (ii) a banking moratorium shall have been declared by federal or state authorities or a material disruption has occurred in commercial banking or securities settlement or clearance services in the United States, (iii) the United States shall have become engaged in hostilities in which it is not currently engaged, the subject of an act of terrorism, there shall have been an escalation in hostilities involving the United States, or there shall have been a declaration of a national emergency or war by the United States, or (iv) there shall have occurred any other calamity or crisis or any change in general economic, political or financial conditions in the United States or elsewhere, if the effect of any such event in clause (iii) or (iv) makes it, in the sole judgment of the Placement Agent, impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the sale or delivery of the Securities on the terms and in the manner contemplated by the Base Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement.

 

(H)          No action shall have been taken and no statute, rule, regulation or order shall have been enacted, adopted or issued by any governmental agency or body which would, as of the Closing Date, prevent the issuance or sale of the Securities or materially and adversely affect or potentially and adversely affect the business or operations of the Company; and no injunction, restraining order or order of any other nature by any federal or state court of competent jurisdiction shall have been issued as of the Closing Date which would prevent the issuance or sale of the Securities or materially and adversely affect or potentially and adversely affect the business or operations of the Company.

 

(I)            The Company shall have entered into subscription agreements with each of the Purchasers and such agreements shall be in full force and effect and shall contain representations and warranties of the Company as agreed between the Company and the Purchasers.

 

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(J)            FINRA shall have raised no objection to the fairness and reasonableness of the terms and arrangements of this Agreement.  In addition, the Company shall, if requested by the Placement Agent, make or authorize Placement Agent’s counsel to make on the Company’s behalf, an Issuer Filing with FINRA pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110 with respect to the Registration Statement and pay all filing fees required in connection therewith.

 

(K)          Prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall have furnished to the Placement Agent such further information, certificates and documents as the Placement Agent may reasonably request.

 

All opinions, letters, evidence and certificates mentioned above or elsewhere in this Agreement shall be deemed to be in compliance with the provisions hereof only if they are in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to counsel for the Placement Agent.

 

SECTION 8.           INDEMNIFICATION.

 

(A)          To the extent permitted by law, the Company will indemnify Rodman and its affiliates, stockholders, directors, officers, employees and controlling persons (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act) against all losses, claims, damages, expenses and liabilities, as the same are incurred (including the reasonable fees and expenses of counsel), relating to or arising out of its activities hereunder or pursuant to this engagement letter, except to the extent that any losses, claims, damages, expenses or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) are found in a final judgment (not subject to appeal) by a court of law to have resulted primarily and directly from Rodman’s willful misconduct or gross negligence in performing the services described herein.

 

(B)           Promptly after receipt by Rodman of notice of any claim or the commencement of any action or proceeding with respect to which Rodman is entitled to indemnity hereunder, Rodman will notify the Company in writing of such claim or of the commencement of such action or proceeding, and the Company will assume the defense of such action or proceeding and will employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to Rodman and will pay the fees and expenses of such counsel.  Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, Rodman will be entitled to employ counsel separate from counsel for the Company and from any other party in such action if counsel for Rodman reasonably determines that it would be inappropriate under the applicable rules of professional responsibility for the same counsel to represent both the Company and Rodman.  In such event, the reasonable fees and disbursements of no more than one such separate counsel will be paid by the Company.  The Company will have the exclusive right to settle the claim or proceeding provided that the Company will not settle any such claim, action or proceeding without the prior written consent of Rodman, which will not be unreasonably withheld.

 

(C)           The Company agrees to notify Rodman promptly of the assertion against it or any other person of any claim or the commencement of any action or proceeding relating to a transaction contemplated by this engagement letter.

 

(D)          If for any reason the foregoing indemnity is unavailable to Rodman or insufficient to hold Rodman harmless, then the Company shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by Rodman as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and Rodman on the other, but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and Rodman on the other that resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities, as well as any relevant equitable considerations.  The amounts paid or payable by a party in respect of losses, claims, damages and liabilities referred to above shall be deemed to include any legal or other fees and expenses incurred in defending any litigation, proceeding or other action or claim.  Notwithstanding the provisions hereof, Rodman’s share of the liability hereunder shall

 

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not be in excess of the amount of fees actually received, or to be received, by Rodman under this engagement letter (excluding any amounts received as reimbursement of expenses incurred by Rodman).

 

(E)           These indemnification provisions shall remain in full force and effect whether or not the transaction contemplated by this engagement letter is completed and shall survive the termination of this engagement letter, and shall be in addition to any liability that the Company might otherwise have to any indemnified party under this engagement letter or otherwise.

 

SECTION 9.           GOVERNING LAW.

 

This Agreement will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York applicable to agreements made and to be performed entirely in such State.  This Agreement may not be assigned by either party without the prior written consent of the other party.  This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto, and their respective successors and permitted assigns. Any right to trial by jury with respect to any dispute arising under this Agreement or any transaction or conduct in connection herewith is waived.  Any dispute arising under this Agreement may be brought into the courts of the State of New York or into the Federal Court located in New York, New York and, by execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company hereby accepts for itself and in respect of its property, generally and unconditionally, the jurisdiction of aforesaid courts.  Each party hereto hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by delivering a copy thereof via overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof.  Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law. If either party shall commence an action or proceeding to enforce any provisions of a Transaction Document, then the prevailing party in such action or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the other party for its attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such action or proceeding.

 

SECTION 10.         ENTIRE AGREEMENT/MISC.

 

This Agreement embodies the entire agreement and understanding between the parties hereto, and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, relating to the subject matter hereof.  If any provision of this Agreement is determined to be invalid or unenforceable in any respect, such determination will not affect such provision in any other respect or any other provision of this Agreement, which will remain in full force and effect.  This Agreement may not be amended or otherwise modified or waived except by an instrument in writing signed by both Rodman and the Company.  The representations, warranties, agreements and covenants contained herein shall survive the closing of the Placement and delivery and/or exercise of the Securities, as applicable.  This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party, it being understood that both parties need not sign the same counterpart.  In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or a .pdf format file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or ..pdf signature page were an original thereof.

 

SECTION 11.         NOTICES.

 

Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile number specified

 

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on the signature pages attached hereto prior to 6:30 p.m. (New York City time) on a business day, (b) the next business day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile number on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a business day or later than 6:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any business day, (c) the business day following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service, or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given.  The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages hereto.

 

Please confirm that the foregoing correctly sets forth our agreement by signing and returning to Rodman a copy of this Agreement.

 

 

 

Very truly yours,

 

 

 

 

 

RODMAN & RENSHAW, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

 

 

 

Address for notice:

 

 

1251 Avenue of the Americas, 20th Floor

 

 

New York, NY, 10020

 

 

Fax (646) 841-1640

 

 

Attention: General Counsel

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accepted and Agreed to as of

 

 

the date first written above:

 

 

 

 

 

SPHERIX INCORPORATED

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

Name: Dr. Claire L. Kruger

 

 

 

Title: Chief Executive Officer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Address for notice:

6430 Rockledge Drive

Suite 503

Bethesda, MD 20817 Fax: (301) 897-2567 Attention: Dr. Claire L. Kruger

 

15


EX-10.20 5 a10-13555_2ex10d20.htm EX-10.20

 EXHIBIT 10.20

 

SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT

 

This Securities Purchase Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of                         , 2010, between Spherix Incorporated, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and each purchaser identified on the signature pages hereto (each, including its successors and assigns, a “Purchaser” and collectively the “Purchasers”).

 

WHEREAS, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the Company desires to issue and sell to each Purchaser, and each Purchaser, severally and not jointly, desires to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company as more fully described in this Agreement.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and each Purchaser agree as follows:

 

DEFINITIONS

 

1.1         Definitions.  In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings set forth in this Section 1.1:

 

“Acquiring Person” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.5.

 

Action” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(j).

 

Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a Person as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.

 

Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.

 

Business Day” means any day except any Saturday, any Sunday, any day which is a federal legal holiday in the United States or any day on which banking institutions in the State of New York are authorized or required by law or other governmental action to close.

 

Certificate of Designation” means the Certificate of Designation to be filed prior to the Closing by the Company with the Secretary of State of Delaware, in the form of Exhibit C attached hereto.

 

Closing” means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Securities pursuant to Section 2.1.

 

Closing Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties thereto, and all conditions precedent to (i) the Purchasers’ obligations to pay the Subscription Amount and (ii) the Company’s obligations to deliver the Securities, in each case, have been satisfied or waived, but in no event later than the third Trading Day following the date hereof.

 

Commission” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

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Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.005 per share, and any other class of securities into which such securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.

 

Common Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, rights, options, warrants or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.

 

Company Counsel” means Baxter, Baker, Sidle, Conn & Jones, P.A., with offices located at 120 E. Baltimore Street, Suite 2100, Baltimore, Maryland 21202.

 

Disclosure Schedules” means the Disclosure Schedules of the Company delivered concurrently herewith.

 

Evaluation Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(r).

 

Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

Exempt Issuance” means the issuance of (a) shares of Common Stock or options to employees, officers or directors of the Company pursuant to any stock or option plan duly adopted for such purpose, by a majority of the non-employee members of the Board of Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of non-employee directors established for such purpose, (b) securities upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any Securities issued hereunder and/or other securities exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement, provided that such securities have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities, and (c) securities issued pursuant to acquisitions or strategic transactions approved by a majority of the disinterested directors of the Company, provided that any such issuance shall only be to a Person (or to the equityholders of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an owner of an asset in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and shall provide to the Company additional benefits in addition to the investment of funds, but shall not include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital or to an entity whose primary business is investing in securities.

 

FDA” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(gg).

 

FDCA” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(gg).

 

GAAP” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).

 

Indebtedness” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(z).

 

Intellectual Property Rights” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(o).

 

Liens” means a lien, charge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction.

 

2



 

Material Adverse Effect” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1(b).

 

Material Permits” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(m).

 

Person” means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.

 

Pharmaceutical Product” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(gg).

 

Preferred Stock” means the up to            shares of the Company’s Series B Convertible Preferred Stock issued hereunder having the rights, preferences and privileges set forth in the Certificate of Designation.

 

Proceeding” means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.

 

Prospectus” means the final prospectus filed for the Registration Statement.

 

Prospectus Supplement” means the supplement to the Prospectus complying with Rule 424(b) of the Securities Act that is filed with the Commission and delivered by the Company to each Purchaser at the Closing.

 

Purchaser Party” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.8.

 

Registration Statement” means the effective registration statement with Commission file No.333-167963 which registers the sale of the Preferred Stock, the Warrants and the Underlying Shares to the Purchasers.

 

Required Approvals” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(e).

 

Required Minimum” means, as of any date, the maximum aggregate number of shares of Common Stock then issued or potentially issuable in the future pursuant to the Transaction Documents, including any Underlying Shares issuable upon exercise in full of all Warrants or conversion in full of all shares of Preferred Stock, ignoring any conversion or exercise limits set forth therein, and that any previously unconverted shares of Preferred Stock are held until the third anniversary of the Closing Date.

 

Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same effect as such Rule.

 

Rule 424” means Rule 424 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Rule.

 

SEC Reports” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).

 

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Securities” means the Preferred Stock, the Warrants, the Warrant Shares and the Underlying Shares.

 

Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

Short Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act (but shall not be deemed to include the location and/or reservation of borrowable shares of Common Stock).

 

Stated Value” means $1,000 per share of Preferred Stock.

 

Subscription Amount” means, as to each Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for the Preferred Stock and Warrants purchased hereunder as specified below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next to the heading “Subscription Amount,” in United States dollars and in immediately available funds.

 

Subsidiary” means any subsidiary of the Company as set forth on Schedule 3.1(a), and shall, where applicable, also include any direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company formed or acquired after the date hereof.

 

Trading Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market is open for trading.

 

Trading Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question: the NYSE AMEX, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the New York Stock Exchange or the OTC Bulletin Board (or any successors to any of the foregoing).

 

Transaction Documents” means this Agreement, the Warrants and any other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder.

 

Transfer Agent” means American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, the current transfer agent of the Company, with a mailing address of 59 Maiden Lane, Plaza, Level, New York, New York 10038, and a facsimile number of 718-765-8712, and any successor transfer agent of the Company.

 

Underlying Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issued and issuable upon conversion or redemption of the Preferred Stock and upon exercise of the Warrants.

 

Variable Rate Transaction” means a transaction in which the Company (i) issues or sells any debt or equity securities that are convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or include the right to receive, additional shares of Common Stock either (A) at a conversion price, exercise price or exchange rate or other price that is based upon, and/or varies with, the trading prices of or quotations for the shares of Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity securities or (B) with a conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at some future date after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events directly or indirectly related to the business of the Company or the market for the Common Stock or (ii) enters into any agreement, including, but not limited to, an equity line of credit, whereby the Company may sell securities at a future determined price.

 

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Warrants” means, collectively, the Common Stock purchase warrants delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing in accordance with Section 2.2(a) hereof, which Warrants shall be exercisable immediately and have a term of exercise equal to 5 years from the date of exercise, in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto.

 

Warrant Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants.

 

WS” means Weinstein Smith LLP with offices located at 420 Lexington Avenue, Suite 2620, New York, New York 10170-0002.

 

ARTICLE II.
PURCHASE AND SALE

 

2.1          Closing.  On the Closing Date, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, substantially concurrent with the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the parties hereto, the Company agrees to sell, and the Purchasers, severally and not jointly,  agree to purchase, up to an aggregate of $                            of Preferred Stock and Warrants.  Each Purchaser shall deliver to the Company, via wire transfer or a certified check of immediately available funds equal to such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount as set forth on the signature page hereto executed by such Purchaser and the Company shall deliver to each Purchaser its respective Preferred Stock and a Warrant as determined pursuant to Section 2.2(a), and the Company and each Purchaser shall deliver the other items set forth in Section 2.2 deliverable at the Closing.  Upon satisfaction of the covenants and conditions set forth in Sections 2.2 and 2.3, the Closing shall occur at the offices of WS or such other location as the parties shall mutually agree.

 

2.2          Deliveries.

 

(a)           On or prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to each Purchaser the following:

 

this Agreement duly executed by the Company;

 

a legal opinion of Company Counsel, substantially in the form of Exhibit B attached hereto;

 

a certificate evidencing a number of shares of Preferred Stock equal to such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount divided by the Stated Value, registered in the name of such Purchaser and evidence of the filing and acceptance of the Certificate of Designation from the Secretary of State of Delaware;

 

a Warrant registered in the name of such Purchaser to purchase up to a number of shares of Common Stock equal to         % of such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount divided by the initial Conversion Price (as defined in the Certificate of Designation), with an exercise price equal to $              , subject to adjustment therein (such Warrant certificate may be delivered within three Trading Days of the Closing Date); and

 

the Prospectus and Prospectus Supplement (which may be delivered in accordance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act).

 

5



 

On or prior to the Closing Date, each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company the following:

 

this Agreement duly executed by such Purchaser; and

 

such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount by wire transfer to the account as specified in writing by the Company.

 

2.3          Closing Conditions.

 

(a)           The obligations of the Company hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:

 

the accuracy in all material respects on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein);

 

all obligations, covenants and agreements of each Purchaser required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed; and

 

the delivery by each Purchaser of the items set forth in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement.

 

The respective obligations of the Purchasers hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:

 

the accuracy in all material respects when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein);

 

all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed;

 

the delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section 2.2(a) of this Agreement;

 

there shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof; and

 

from the date hereof to the Closing Date, trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended by the Commission or the Company’s principal Trading Market (except for any suspension of trading of limited duration agreed to by the Company, which suspension shall be terminated prior to the Closing), and, at any time prior to the Closing Date, trading in securities generally as reported by Bloomberg L.P. shall not have been suspended or limited, or minimum prices shall not have been established on securities whose trades are reported by such service, or on any Trading Market, nor shall a banking moratorium have been declared either by the United States or New York State authorities nor shall there have occurred any material outbreak or escalation of hostilities or other national or international calamity of such magnitude in its effect on, or any material adverse change in, any financial market which, in each case, in the reasonable judgment of each Purchaser, makes it impracticable or inadvisable to purchase the Securities at the Closing.

 

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ARTICLE III.

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

 

3.1          Representations and Warranties of the Company.  Except (i) as set forth in the Disclosure Schedules, which Disclosure Schedules shall be deemed a part hereof and shall qualify any representation or otherwise made herein to the extent of the disclosure contained in the corresponding section of the Disclosure Schedules or (ii) as set forth in the SEC Reports, the Company hereby makes the following representations and warranties to each Purchaser:

 

(a)           Subsidiaries.  All of the direct and indirect subsidiaries of the Company are set forth on Schedule 3.1(a).  The Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Liens, and all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.  If the Company has no subsidiaries, all other references to the Subsidiaries or any of them in the Transaction Documents shall be disregarded.

 

(b)           Organization and Qualification.  The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power and authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted.  Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation nor default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents.  Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be expected to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction Document (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse Effect”) and no Proceeding has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification.

 

(c)           Authorization; Enforcement.  The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by each of the Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder.  The execution and delivery of each of the Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further action is required by the Company, the Board of Directors or the Company’s stockholders in connection therewith other than in connection with the Required Approvals.  Each Transaction Document to which it is a party has been (or upon delivery will have been) duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific

 

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performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.

 

(d)           No Conflicts.  The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby to which it is a party do not and will not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(e)           Filings, Consents and Approvals.  The Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents, other than: (i) the filings required pursuant to Section 4.4 of this Agreement, (ii) the filing with the Commission of the Prospectus Supplement, (iii) application(s) to each applicable Trading Market for the listing of the Securities for trading thereon in the time and manner required thereby and (iv) such filings as are required to be made under applicable state securities laws (collectively, the “Required Approvals”).

 

(f)            Issuance of the Securities; Registration.  The Securities are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the applicable Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company.  The Underlying Shares, when issued in accordance with the terms of the Transaction Documents, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company.  The Company has reserved from its duly authorized capital stock a number of shares of Common Stock for issuance of the Underlying Shares at least equal to the Required Minimum on the date hereof. The Company has prepared and filed the Registration Statement in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act, which became effective on                         , 2010 (the “Effective Date”), including the Prospectus, and such amendments and supplements thereto as may have been required to the date of this Agreement.  The Registration Statement is effective under the Securities Act and no stop order preventing or suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or suspending or preventing the use of the Prospectus has been issued by the Commission and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or, to the knowledge of the Company, are threatened by the Commission.  The Company, if required by the rules and regulations of the Commission, proposes to file the Prospectus, with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b).  At the time the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto became effective, at the date of this Agreement and at the Closing Date, the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto conformed and will conform in all material

 

8



 

respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; and the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto, at time the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto was issued and at the Closing Date, conformed and will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and did not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

 

(g)           Capitalization.  The capitalization of the Company is as set forth on Schedule 3.1(g).  The Company has not issued any capital stock since its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act, other than pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options under the Company’s stock option plans, the issuance of shares of Common Stock to employees pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plans and pursuant to the conversion and/or exercise of Common Stock Equivalents outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act.  No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.  Except as a result of the purchase and sale of the Securities, there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common Stock, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents.  The issuance and sale of the Securities will not obligate the Company to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Purchasers) and will not result in a right of any holder of Company securities to adjust the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price under any of such securities. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.  No further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board of Directors or others is required for the issuance and sale of the Securities.  There are no stockholders agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders.

 

(h)           SEC Reports; Financial Statements.  The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the two years preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required by law or regulation to file such material) (the foregoing materials, including the exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, together with the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, being collectively referred to herein as the “SEC Reports”) on a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration of any such extension.  As of their respective dates, the SEC Reports complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company has never been an issuer subject to Rule 144(i) under the Securities Act. The financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Reports comply in all material respects

 

9



 

with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the Commission with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing.  Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (“GAAP”), except as may be otherwise specified in such financial statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited financial statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended, subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial, year-end audit adjustments.

 

(i)            Material Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments.  Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Reports, except as specifically disclosed in a subsequent SEC Report filed prior to the date hereof, (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP or disclosed in filings made with the Commission, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate, except pursuant to existing Company stock option plans.  The Company does not have pending before the Commission any request for confidential treatment of information.  Except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement or as set forth on Schedule 3.1(i), no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective business, prospects, properties, operations, assets or financial condition that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least 1 Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.

 

(j)            Litigation.  There is no action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign) (collectively, an “Action”) which (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the Securities or (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.  Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty.  There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the Commission involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company.  The Commission has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any Subsidiary under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act.

 

(k)           Labor Relations.  No material labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company, which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.  None of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with

 

10



 

the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relationships with their employees are good.  No executive officer, to the knowledge of the Company, is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third party, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters.  The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(l)            Compliance.  Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or governmental body or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(m)          Regulatory Permits.  The Company and the Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports, except where the failure to possess such permits could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (“Material Permits”), and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any Material Permit.

 

(n)           Title to Assets.  The Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by them and good and marketable title in all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries, in each case free and clear of all Liens, except for Liens as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the Subsidiaries and Liens for the payment of federal, state or other taxes, the payment of which is neither delinquent nor subject to penalties.  Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance.

 

(o)           Patents and Trademarks.  The Company and the Subsidiaries have, or have rights to use, all patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark applications, service marks, trade names, trade secrets, inventions, copyrights, licenses and other intellectual property rights and similar rights necessary or material for use in connection with their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports and which the failure to so have could have a Material Adverse Effect (collectively, the “Intellectual Property Rights”).  None of, and neither the Company nor

 

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any Subsidiary has received a notice (written or otherwise) that any of, the Intellectual Property Rights has expired, terminated or been abandoned, or is expected to expire or terminate or be abandoned, within two (2) years from the date of this Agreement.  Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received, since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Reports, a written notice of a claim or otherwise has any knowledge that the Intellectual Property Rights violate or infringe upon the rights of any Person, except as would not have a Material Adverse Effect.  To the knowledge of the Company, all such Intellectual Property Rights are enforceable and there is no existing infringement by another Person of any of the Intellectual Property Rights.  The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all of their intellectual properties, except where failure to do so could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(p)           Insurance.  The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged, including, but not limited to, directors and officers insurance coverage at least equal to the aggregate Subscription Amount.  Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost.

 

(q)           Transactions With Affiliates and Employees.  Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, none of the officers or directors of the Company and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other employee benefits, including stock option agreements under any stock option plan of the Company.

 

(r)            Sarbanes-Oxley; Internal Accounting Controls.  The Company is in material compliance with any and all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that are effective as of the date hereof, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date.  The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company has established disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the Company and designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms.  The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the

 

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effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by the Company’s most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act (such date, the “Evaluation Date”).  The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date.  Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

(s)            Certain Fees.  Except as set forth in the Prospectus Supplement, no brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be payable by the Company to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.  The Purchasers shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section that may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.

 

(t)            Investment Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities, will not be or be an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.  The Company shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become an “investment company” subject to registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

 

(u)           Registration Rights.  No Person has any right to cause the Company to effect the registration under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company.

 

(v)           Listing and Maintenance Requirements.  The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration.  The Company has not, in the 12 months preceding the date hereof, received notice from any Trading Market on which the Common Stock is or has been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market. The Company is, and has no reason to believe that it will not in the foreseeable future continue to be, in compliance with all such listing and maintenance requirements.

 

(w)          Application of Takeover Protections.  The Company and the Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s certificate of incorporation (or similar charter documents) or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to the Purchasers as a result of the Purchasers and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including without limitation as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Purchasers’ ownership of the Securities.

 

(x)           Disclosure.  Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided any of the Purchasers or their agents or counsel with any information that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public

 

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information which is not otherwise disclosed in the Prospectus Supplement.   The Company understands and confirms that the Purchasers will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company.  All of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the Company to the Purchasers regarding the Company, its business and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Disclosure Schedules to this Agreement, is true and correct and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The press releases disseminated by the Company during the twelve months preceding the date of this Agreement taken as a whole do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made and when made, not misleading.  The Company acknowledges and agrees that no Purchaser makes or has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Section 3.2 hereof.

 

(y)           No Integrated Offering. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2, neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this offering of the Securities to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of any applicable shareholder approval provisions of any Trading Market on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated.

 

(z)           Solvency.  Based on the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the receipt by the Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder, (i) the fair saleable value of the Company’s assets exceeds the amount that will be required to be paid on or in respect of the Company’s existing debts and other liabilities (including known contingent liabilities) as they mature, (ii) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements of the business conducted by the Company, and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (iii) the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when such amounts are required to be paid.  The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt).  The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction within one year from the Closing Date.  Schedule 3.1(z) sets forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments.  For the purposes of this Agreement, “Indebtedness” means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $50,000 (other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the present value of any lease payments in excess of $50,000 due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP.  Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness.

 

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(aa)         Tax Status.  Except for matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, the Company and each Subsidiary (i) has made or filed all United States federal and state income and all foreign income and franchise tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations and (iii) has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all material taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply.  There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company or of any Subsidiary know of no basis for any such claim.

 

(bb)         Foreign Corrupt Practices.  Neither the Company, nor to the knowledge of the Company, any agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company (or made by any person acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law, or (iv) violated in any material respect any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.

 

(cc)         Accountants.  The Company’s accounting firm is set forth on Schedule 3.1(cc) of the Disclosure Schedules.  To the knowledge and belief of the Company, such accounting firm (i) is a registered public accounting firm as required by the Exchange Act and (ii) shall express its opinion with respect to the financial statements to be included in the Company’s Annual Report for the year ending December 31, 2010.

 

(dd)         Acknowledgment Regarding Purchasers’ Purchase of Securities.  The Company acknowledges and agrees that each of the Purchasers is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby.  The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given by any Purchaser or any of their respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely incidental to the Purchasers’ purchase of the Securities.  The Company further represents to each Purchaser that the Company’s decision to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives.

 

(ee)         Acknowledgement Regarding Purchaser’s Trading Activity.  Anything in this Agreement or elsewhere herein to the contrary notwithstanding (except for Sections 3.2(e) and 4.14 hereof), it is understood and acknowledged by the Company that: (i) none of the Purchasers have been asked by the Company to agree, nor has any Purchaser agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling, long and/or short, securities of the Company, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Securities for any specified term; (ii) past or future open market or other transactions by any Purchaser, specifically including, without limitation, Short Sales or “derivative” transactions, before or after the closing of this or future private placement transactions, may negatively impact the market price of the Company’s publicly-traded securities; (iii) any Purchaser, and counter-parties in “derivative” transactions to which any such Purchaser is a party, directly or indirectly, presently may have a “short” position

 

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in the Common Stock, and (iv) each Purchaser shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over any arm’s length counter-party in any “derivative” transaction.  The Company further understands and acknowledges that (y) one or more Purchasers may engage in hedging activities at various times during the period that the Securities are outstanding, including, without limitation, during the periods that the value of the Underlying Shares deliverable with respect to Securities are being determined, and (z) such hedging activities (if any) could reduce the value of the existing stockholders’ equity interests in the Company at and after the time that the hedging activities are being conducted.  The Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute a breach of any of the Transaction Documents.

 

(ff)          Regulation M Compliance.  The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company, other than, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), compensation paid to the Company’s placement agent in connection with the placement of the Securities.

 

(gg)         FDAAs to each product subject to the jurisdiction of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, as amended, and the regulations thereunder (“FDCA”) that is manufactured, packaged, labeled, tested, distributed, sold, and/or marketed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (each such product, a “Pharmaceutical Product”), such Pharmaceutical Product is being manufactured, packaged, labeled, tested, distributed, sold and/or marketed by the Company in compliance with all applicable requirements under FDCA and similar laws, rules and regulations relating to registration, investigational use, premarket clearance, licensure, or application approval, good manufacturing practices, good laboratory practices, good clinical practices, product listing, quotas, labeling, advertising, record keeping and filing of reports, except where the failure to be in compliance would not have a Material Adverse Effect.  There is no pending, completed or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened, action (including any lawsuit, arbitration, or legal or administrative or regulatory proceeding, charge, complaint, or investigation) against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice, warning letter or other communication from the FDA or any other governmental entity, which (i) contests the premarket clearance, licensure, registration, or approval of, the uses of, the distribution of, the manufacturing or packaging of, the testing of, the sale of, or the labeling and promotion of any Pharmaceutical Product, (ii) withdraws its approval of, requests the recall, suspension, or seizure of, or withdraws or orders the withdrawal of advertising or sales promotional materials relating to, any Pharmaceutical Product, (iii) imposes a clinical hold on any clinical investigation by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (iv) enjoins production at any facility of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (v) enters or proposes to enter into a consent decree of permanent injunction with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (vi) otherwise alleges any violation of any laws, rules or regulations by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and which, either individually or in the aggregate, would have a Material Adverse Effect.  The properties, business and operations of the Company have been and are being conducted in all material respects in accordance with all applicable laws, rules and regulations of the FDA.  The Company has not been informed by the FDA that the FDA will prohibit the marketing, sale, license or use in the United States of any product proposed to be developed, produced or marketed by the Company nor has the FDA expressed any concern as to approving or clearing for marketing any product being developed or proposed to be developed by the Company.

 

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(hh)         Office of Foreign Assets Control.  Neither the Company nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).

 

(ii)           U.S. Real Property Holding Corporation.  The Company is not and has never been a U.S. real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company shall so certify upon Purchaser’s request.

 

(jj)           Bank Holding Company Act.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”).  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent or more of the total equity of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.

 

(kk)         Money Laundering.  The operations of the Company are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, applicable money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened.

 

3.2          Representations and Warranties of the Purchasers.  Each Purchaser, for itself and for no other Purchaser, hereby represents and warrants as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows (unless as of a specific date therein):

 

(a)           Organization; Authority.  Such Purchaser is either an individual or an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization with full right, corporate or partnership power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and performance by such Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar action, as applicable, on the part of such Purchaser.  Each Transaction Document to which it is a party has been duly executed by such Purchaser, and when delivered by such Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of such Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except: (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.

 

(b)           Understandings or Arrangements.  Such Purchaser is acquiring the Securities as principal for its own account and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities (this representation and warranty not limiting such Purchaser’s right to sell the Securities pursuant to the Registration

 

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Statement or otherwise in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws).  Such Purchaser is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the ordinary course of its business.

 

(c)           Purchaser Status.  At the time such Purchaser was offered the Securities, it was, and as of the date hereof it is, and on each date on which it exercises any Warrants, it will be either: (i) an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(7) or (a)(8) under the Securities Act or (ii) a “qualified institutional buyer” as defined in Rule 144A(a) under the Securities Act.  Such Purchaser is not required to be registered as a broker-dealer under Section 15 of the Exchange Act.

 

(d)           Experience of Such Purchaser.  Such Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Securities, and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment.  Such Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Securities and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.

 

(e)           Certain Transactions and Confidentiality.  Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, such Purchaser has not, nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with such Purchaser, directly or indirectly executed any purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that such Purchaser first received a term sheet (written or oral) as of the Company or any other Person representing the Company setting forth the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereunder and ending immediately prior to the execution hereof.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such Purchaser’s assets, the representation set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement.  Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement, such Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to the identification of the availability of, or securing of, available shares to borrow in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.

 

The Company acknowledges and agrees that the representations contained in Section 3.2 shall not modify, amend or affect such Purchaser’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any representations and warranties contained in any other Transaction Document or any other document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection with this Agreement or the consummation of the transaction contemplated hereby.

 

ARTICLE IV.

OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES

 

4.1          Underlying Shares.  The shares of Common Stock underlying the shares of Preferred Stock shall be issued free of legends.  If all or any portion of a Warrant is exercised at a time when there is an effective registration statement to cover the issuance or resale of the Warrant Shares or if the

 

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Warrant is exercised via cashless exercise, the Warrant Shares issued pursuant to any such exercise shall be issued free of all legends.  If at any time following the date hereof the Registration Statement (or any subsequent registration statement registering the sale or resale of the Warrant Shares) is not effective or is not otherwise available for the sale or resale of the Warrant Shares, the Company shall immediately notify the holders of the Warrants in writing that such registration statement is not then effective and thereafter shall promptly notify such holders when the registration statement is effective again and available for the sale or resale of the Warrant Shares (it being understood and agreed that the foregoing shall not limit the ability of the Company to issue, or any Purchaser to sell, any of the Warrant Shares in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws).  The Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to keep a registration statement (including the Registration Statement) registering the issuance or resale of the Warrant Shares effective during the term of the Warrants.

 

4.2          Furnishing of Information.  Until the earliest of the time that (i) no Purchaser owns Securities or (ii) the Warrants have expired, the Company covenants to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange Act even if the Company is not then subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act.  As long as any Purchaser owns Securities, if the Company is not required to file reports pursuant to the Exchange Act, it will prepare and furnish to the Purchasers and make publicly available in accordance with Rule 144(c) such information as is required for the Purchasers to sell the Securities, including without limitation, under Rule 144. The Company further covenants that it will take such further action as any holder of Securities may reasonably request, to the extent required from time to time to enable such Person to sell such Securities without registration under the Securities Act, including without limitation, within the requirements of the exemption provided by Rule 144.

 

4.3          Integration.  The Company shall not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2 of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes of the rules and regulations of any Trading Market such that it would require shareholder approval prior to the closing of such other transaction unless shareholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.

 

4.4          Securities Laws Disclosure; Publicity.  The Company shall, by 8:30 a.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately following the date hereof, issue a press release disclosing the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereby, and issue a Current Report on Form 8-K disclosing the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereby, and including the Transaction Documents as exhibits thereto within the time required by the Exchange Act.  From and after the issuance of such press release, the Company shall have publicly disclosed all material, non-public information delivered to any of the Purchasers by the Company or any of its subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees or agents in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.  The Company and each Purchaser shall consult with each other in issuing any other press releases with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby, and neither the Company nor any Purchaser shall issue any such press release nor otherwise make any such public statement without the prior consent of the Company, with respect to any press release of any Purchaser, or without the prior consent of each Purchaser, with respect to any press release of the Company, which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld or delayed, except if such disclosure is required by law, in which case the disclosing party shall promptly provide the other party with prior notice of such public statement or communication.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not publicly disclose the name of any Purchaser, or include the name of any Purchaser in any filing with the Commission or any regulatory agency or Trading Market, without the prior written consent of such Purchaser, except (a) as required by federal securities law in connection with the filing of final Transaction Documents (including signature pages thereto) with the Commission and (b) to the extent such disclosure is required by law or Trading

 

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Market regulations, in which case the Company shall provide the Purchasers with prior notice of such disclosure permitted under this clause (b).

 

4.5          Shareholder Rights Plan.  No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any other Person, that any Purchaser is an “Acquiring Person” under any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or hereafter adopted by the Company, or that any Purchaser could be deemed to trigger the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, by virtue of receiving Securities under the Transaction Documents or under any other agreement between the Company and the Purchasers.

 

4.6          Non-Public Information.  Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company covenants and agrees that neither it, nor any other Person acting on its behalf will provide any Purchaser or its agents or counsel with any information that the Company believes constitutes material non-public information, unless prior thereto such Purchaser shall have executed a written agreement with the Company regarding the confidentiality and use of such information.  The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company.

 

4.7          Use of Proceeds.  Except as set forth on Schedule 4.7 attached hereto, the Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder for working capital purposes and shall not use such proceeds for: (a) the satisfaction of any portion of the Company’s debt (other than payment of trade payables in the ordinary course of the Company’s business and prior practices), (b) the redemption of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, (c) the settlement of any outstanding litigation or (d) in violation of the FCPA or OFAC regulations.

 

4.8          Indemnification of Purchasers.   Subject to the provisions of this Section 4.8, the Company will indemnify and hold each Purchaser and its directors, officers, shareholders, members, partners, employees and agents (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title), each Person who controls such Purchaser (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, shareholders, agents, members, partners or employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title) of such controlling persons (each, a “Purchaser Party”) harmless from any and all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses, including all judgments, amounts paid in settlements, court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation that any such Purchaser Party may suffer or incur as a result of or relating to (a) any breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents or (b) any action instituted against a Purchaser in any capacity, or any of them or their respective Affiliates, by any stockholder of the Company who is not an Affiliate of such Purchaser, with respect to any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (unless such action is based upon a breach of such Purchaser’s representations, warranties or covenants under the Transaction Documents or any agreements or understandings such Purchaser may have with any such stockholder or any violations by such Purchaser of state or federal securities laws or any conduct by such Purchaser which constitutes fraud, gross negligence, willful misconduct or malfeasance).  If any action shall be brought against any Purchaser Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement, such Purchaser Party shall promptly notify the Company in writing, and the Company shall have the right to assume the defense thereof with counsel of its own choosing reasonably acceptable to the Purchaser Party.  Any Purchaser Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such action and participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Purchaser Party except to the extent that (i) the employment thereof has been specifically

 

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authorized by the Company in writing, (ii) the Company has failed after a reasonable period of time to assume such defense and to employ counsel or (iii) in such action there is, in the reasonable opinion of counsel, a material conflict on any material issue between the position of the Company and the position of such Purchaser Party, in which case the Company shall be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of no more than one such separate counsel.  The Company will not be liable to any Purchaser Party under this Agreement (y) for any settlement by a Purchaser Party effected without the Company’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; or (z) to the extent, but only to the extent that a loss, claim, damage or liability is attributable to any Purchaser Party’s breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by such Purchaser Party in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents. The indemnification required by this Section 4.8 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or are incurred. The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to any cause of action or similar right of any Purchaser Party against the Company or others, and (y) any liabilities the Company may be subject to pursuant to law.

 

4.9          Reservation of Common Stock. As of the date hereof, the Company has reserved and the Company shall continue to reserve and keep available at all times, free of preemptive rights, a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock for the purpose of enabling the Company to issue Underling Shares pursuant to this Agreement and the Certificate of Designation and Warrant Shares pursuant to any exercise of the Warrants.

 

4.10        Listing of Common Stock. The Company hereby agrees to use commercially reasonable best efforts to maintain the listing or quotation of the Common Stock on the Trading Market on which it is currently listed, and concurrently with the Closing, the Company shall apply to list or quote all of the Underlying Shares on such Trading Market and promptly secure the listing of all of the Underlying Shares on such Trading Market. The Company further agrees, if the Company applies to have the Common Stock traded on any other Trading Market, it will then include in such application all of the Underlying Shares, and will take such other action as is necessary to cause all of the Underlying Shares to be listed or quoted on such other Trading Market as promptly as possible.  The Company will then take all action reasonably necessary to continue the listing and trading of its Common Stock on a Trading Market and will comply in all respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Trading Market.

 

4.11        [RESERVED]

 

4.12        Subsequent Equity Sales.   From the date hereof until 90 days after the Closing Date, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary shall issue, enter into any agreement to issue or announce the issuance or proposed issuance of any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section 4.12 shall not apply in respect of an Exempt Issuance, except that no Variable Rate Transaction shall be an Exempt Issuance.

 

4.13        Equal Treatment of Purchasers.  No consideration (including any modification of any Transaction Document) shall be offered or paid to any Person to amend or consent to a waiver or modification of any provision of any of the Transaction Documents unless the same consideration is also offered to all of the parties to the Transaction Documents.  For clarification purposes, this provision constitutes a separate right granted to each Purchaser by the Company and negotiated separately by each Purchaser, and is intended for the Company to treat the Purchasers as a class and shall not in any way be construed as the Purchasers acting in concert or as a group with respect to the purchase, disposition or voting of Securities or otherwise.

 

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4.14        Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that neither it nor any Affiliate acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any purchases or sales, including Short Sales of any of the Company’s securities during the period commencing with the execution of this Agreement and ending at such time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4.  Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4, such Purchaser will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms of this transaction and the information included in the Disclosure Schedules.  Notwithstanding the foregoing and notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that (i) no Purchaser makes any representation, warranty or covenant hereby that it will not engage in effecting transactions in any securities of the Company after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4, (ii) no Purchaser shall be restricted or prohibited from effecting any transactions in any securities of the Company in accordance with applicable securities laws from and after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4 and (iii) no Purchaser shall have any duty of confidentiality to the Company or its Subsidiaries after the issuance of the initial press release as described in Section 4.4.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such Purchaser’s assets, the covenant set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement.

 

4.15       Delivery of Warrants After Closing.  The Company shall deliver, or cause to be delivered, the respective Warrant certificates purchased by each Purchaser to such Purchaser within 3 Trading Days of the Closing Date.

 

ARTICLE V.

MISCELLANEOUS

 

5.1          Termination.  This Agreement may be terminated by any Purchaser, as to such Purchaser’s obligations hereunder only and without any effect whatsoever on the obligations between the Company and the other Purchasers, by written notice to the other parties, if the Closing has not been consummated on or before                              , 2010; provided, however, that no such termination will affect the right of any party to sue for any breach by the other party (or parties).

 

5.2          Fees and Expenses.  Except as expressly set forth in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each party shall pay the fees and expenses of its advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such party incident to the negotiation, preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement.  The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees, stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with the delivery of any Securities to the Purchasers.

 

5.3          Entire Agreement.  The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral or

 

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written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules.

 

5.4          Notices.  Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of: (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile number set forth on the signature pages attached hereto prior to 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile number set forth on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (c) the second (2nd) Trading Day following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given.  The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto.

 

5.5          Amendments; Waivers.  No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company and the Purchasers holding at least 67% in interest of the Securities then outstanding or, in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waived provision is sought.  No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right.

 

5.6          Headings.  The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.

 

5.7          Successors and Assigns.  This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns.  The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of each Purchaser (other than by merger).  Any Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom such Purchaser assigns or transfers any Securities, provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the transferred Securities, by the provisions of the Transaction Documents that apply to the “Purchasers.”

 

5.8          No Third-Party Beneficiaries.  This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, except as otherwise set forth in Section 4.8.

 

5.9          Governing Law.  All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction Documents shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts of law thereof.  Each party agrees that all legal proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a party hereto or its respective affiliates, directors, officers, shareholders, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, borough of Manhattan for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is improper or is an

 

23



 

inconvenient venue for such proceeding.  Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof.  Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law.  If either party shall commence an action or proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction Documents, then, in addition to the obligations of the Company under Section 4.8, the prevailing party in such action or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the other party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such action or proceeding.

 

5.10        Survival.  The representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the Closing and the delivery of the Securities.

 

5.11        Execution.  This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party, it being understood that both parties need not sign the same counterpart.  In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf” format data file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or “.pdf” signature page were an original thereof.

 

5.12        Severability.  If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their commercially reasonable efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.

 

5.13        Rescission and Withdrawal Right.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of) any of the other Transaction Documents, whenever any Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction Document and the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then such Purchaser may rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights; provided, however, that in the case of a rescission of an exercise of a Warrant, the applicable Purchaser shall be required to return any shares of Common Stock subject to any such rescinded exercise notice concurrently with the return to such Purchaser of the aggregate exercise price paid to the Company for such shares and the restoration of such Purchaser’s right to acquire such shares pursuant to such Purchaser’s Warrant (including, issuance of a replacement warrant certificate evidencing such restored right).

 

5.14        Replacement of Securities.  If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation), or in lieu of and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction.  The applicant for a new certificate or instrument under such

 

24



 

circumstances shall also pay any reasonable third-party costs (including customary indemnity) associated with the issuance of such replacement Securities.

 

5.15        Remedies.  In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each of the Purchasers and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents.  The parties agree that monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations contained in the Transaction Documents and hereby agree to waive and not to assert in any action for specific performance of any such obligation the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate.

 

5.16        Payment Set Aside.  To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document or a Purchaser enforces or exercises its rights thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other person under any law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.

 

5.17        Independent Nature of Purchasers’ Obligations and Rights.  The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction Document are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be responsible in any way for the performance or non-performance of the obligations of any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document.  Nothing contained herein or in any other Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Purchasers as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Purchasers are in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.  Each Purchaser shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Purchaser to be joined as an additional party in any proceeding for such purpose.  Each Purchaser has been represented by its own separate legal counsel in their review and negotiation of the Transaction Documents.  For reasons of administrative convenience only, each Purchaser and its respective counsel have chosen to communicate with the Company through WS.  WS does not represent any of the Purchasers and only represents Rodman & Renshaw, LLC, the placement agent.  The Company has elected to provide all Purchasers with the same terms and Transaction Documents for the convenience of the Company and not because it was required or requested to do so by any of the Purchasers.

 

5.18        Liquidated Damages.  The Company’s obligations to pay any partial liquidated damages or other amounts owing under the Transaction Documents is a continuing obligation of the Company and shall not terminate until all unpaid partial liquidated damages and other amounts have been paid notwithstanding the fact that the instrument or security pursuant to which such partial liquidated damages or other amounts are due and payable shall have been canceled.

 

5.19        Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business Day.

 

5.20        Construction. The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel has reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the Transaction Documents and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party shall not be

 

25



 

employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments hereto. In addition, each and every reference to share prices and shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document shall be subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement.

 

5.21        WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL.  IN ANY ACTION, SUIT, OR PROCEEDING IN ANY JURISDICTION BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY AGAINST ANY OTHER PARTY, THE PARTIES EACH KNOWINGLY AND INTENTIONALLY, TO THE GREATEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, HEREBY ABSOLUTELY, UNCONDITIONALLY, IRREVOCABLY AND EXPRESSLY WAIVES FOREVER TRIAL BY JURY.

 

(Signature Pages Follow)

 

26



 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above.

 

SPHERIX INCORPORATED

 

Address for Notice:

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

Fax:

 

Name:

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

With a copy to (which shall not constitute notice):

 

 

 

 

[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

SIGNATURE PAGE FOR PURCHASER FOLLOWS]

 

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[PURCHASER SIGNATURE PAGES TO SPEX SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT]

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above.

 

 

Name of Purchaser:

 

 

 

 

 

Signature of Authorized Signatory of Purchaser:

 

 

 

 

 

Name of Authorized Signatory:

 

 

 

 

 

Title of Authorized Signatory:

 

 

 

 

 

Email Address of Authorized Signatory:

 

 

 

 

 

Facsimile Number of Authorized Signatory:

 

 

 

 

 

Address for Notice of Purchaser:

 

 

 

Address for Delivery of Securities for Purchaser (if not same as address for notice):

 

 

 

Subscription Amount: $

 

Warrant Shares:

 

[SIGNATURE PAGES CONTINUE]

 

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EX-10.21 6 a10-13555_2ex10d21.htm EX-10.21

EXHIBIT 10.21

 

COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT

 

SPHERIX INCORPORATED

 

Warrant Shares:

 

Initial Exercise Date:

 

THIS COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT (the “Warrant”) certifies that, for value received,                            (the “Holder”) is entitled, upon the terms and subject to the limitations on exercise and the conditions hereinafter set forth, at any time on or after                                        (the “Initial Exercise Date”) and on or prior to the close of business on the            year anniversary of the Initial Exercise Date (the “Termination Date”) but not thereafter, to subscribe for and purchase from Spherix Incorporated, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), up to              shares (the “Warrant Shares”) of Common Stock.

 

Section 1.                                            Definitions.  Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in that certain Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), dated                                    , 2010, among the Company and the purchasers signatory thereto.

 

Section 2.                                            Exercise.

 

a)                                      Exercise of Warrant.  Exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant may be made, in whole or in part, at any time or times on or after the Initial Exercise Date and on or before the Termination Date by delivery to the Company (or such other office or agency of the Company as it may designate by notice in writing to the registered Holder at the address of the Holder appearing on the books of the Company) of a duly executed facsimile copy of the Notice of Exercise Form annexed hereto; and, within three (3) Trading Days of the date said Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Company, the Company shall have received payment of the aggregate Exercise Price of the shares thereby purchased by wire transfer or cashier’s check drawn on a United States bank or, if available, pursuant to the cashless exercise procedure specified in Section 2(c) below.  Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company until the Holder has purchased all of the Warrant Shares available hereunder and the Warrant has been exercised in full, in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company for cancellation within three (3) Trading Days of the date the final Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Company.  Partial exercises of this Warrant resulting in purchases of a portion of the total number of Warrant Shares available hereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding number of Warrant Shares purchasable hereunder in an amount equal to the applicable number of Warrant Shares purchased.  The Holder and the Company shall maintain records showing the number of Warrant Shares purchased and the date of such purchases.  The Company shall deliver any objection to any Notice of Exercise Form within 1 Business Day of receipt of such notice.  The Holder and any assignee, by acceptance of this Warrant, acknowledge and agree that, by reason of the provisions of this paragraph, following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant Shares hereunder, the number of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.

 

b)                                     Exercise Price.  The exercise price per share of the Common Stock under this Warrant shall be $            , subject to adjustment hereunder (the “Exercise Price”).

 

1



 

c)                                      Cashless Exercise.  If at the time of exercise hereof there is no effective registration statement registering, or the prospectus contained therein is not available for the issuance of the Warrant Shares to the Holder and all of the Warrant Shares are not then registered for resale by Holder into the market at market prices from time to time on an effective registration statement for use on a continuous basis (or the prospectus contained therein is not available for use), then this Warrant may also be exercised, in whole or in part, at such time by means of a “cashless exercise” in which the Holder shall be entitled to receive a certificate for the number of Warrant Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing [(A-B) (X)] by (A), where:

 

(A) = the VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date on which Holder elects to exercise this Warrant by means of a “cashless exercise,” as set forth in the applicable Notice of Exercise;

 

(B) = the Exercise Price of this Warrant, as adjusted hereunder; and

 

(X) = the number of Warrant Shares that would be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance with the terms of this Warrant if such exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise.

 

VWAP” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time), (b)  if the OTC Bulletin Board is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the OTC Bulletin Board, (c) if the Common Stock is not then listed or quoted for trading on the OTC Bulletin Board and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported in the “Pink Sheets” published by Pink OTC Markets, Inc. (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Holders of a majority in interest of the Securities then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.

 

d)                                     Mechanics of Exercise.

 

i.                  Delivery of Certificates Upon Exercise.  Certificates for shares purchased hereunder shall be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Holder by crediting the account of the Holder’s prime broker with the Depository Trust Company through its Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian (“DWAC”) system if the Company is then a participant in such system and either (A) there is an effective Registration Statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or resale of the Warrant Shares by Holder or (B) this Warrant is being exercised via cashless exercise, and otherwise by physical delivery to the address specified by the Holder in the Notice of Exercise by the date that is three (3) Trading Days after the latest of (A) the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise Form, (B) surrender of this Warrant (if required) and (C) payment of the aggregate Exercise Price as set forth above (including by cashless exercise, if permitted) (such date, the “Warrant Share Delivery Date”).  This Warrant shall be deemed to have been exercised on the first date on which all of the foregoing

 

2



 

have been delivered to the Company.  The Warrant Shares shall be deemed to have been issued, and Holder or any other person so designated to be named therein shall be deemed to have become a holder of record of such shares for all purposes, as of the date the Warrant has been exercised, with payment to the Company of the Exercise Price (or by cashless exercise, if permitted) and all taxes required to be paid by the Holder, if any, pursuant to Section 2(d)(vi) prior to the issuance of such shares, having been paid. If the Company fails for any reason to deliver to the Holder certificates evidencing the Warrant Shares subject to a Notice of Exercise by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, the Company shall pay to the Holder, in cash, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty, for each $1,000 of Warrant Shares subject to such exercise (based on the VWAP of the Common Stock on the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise), $10 per Trading Day (increasing to $20 per Trading Day on the fifth Trading Day after such liquidated damages begin to accrue) for each Trading Day after such Warrant Share Delivery Date until such certificates are delivered or Holder rescinds such exercise.

 

ii.               Delivery of New Warrants Upon Exercise.  If this Warrant shall have been exercised in part, the Company shall, at the request of a Holder and upon surrender of this Warrant certificate, at the time of delivery of the certificate or certificates representing Warrant Shares, deliver to Holder a new Warrant evidencing the rights of Holder to purchase the unpurchased Warrant Shares called for by this Warrant, which new Warrant shall in all other respects be identical with this Warrant.

 

iii.            Rescission Rights.  If the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder a certificate or the certificates representing the Warrant Shares pursuant to Section 2(d)(i) by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, then, the Holder will have the right to rescind such exercise.

 

iv.           Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Certificates Upon Exercise.  In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder a certificate or the certificates representing the Warrant Shares pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required by its broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall (A) pay in cash to the Holder the amount, if any, by which (x) the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased exceeds (y) the amount obtained by multiplying (1) the number of Warrant Shares that the Company was required to deliver to the Holder in connection with the exercise at issue times (2) the price at which the sell order giving rise to such purchase obligation was executed, and (B) at the option of the Holder, either reinstate the portion of the Warrant and equivalent number of Warrant Shares for which such exercise was not honored (in which case such exercise shall be deemed rescinded) or deliver to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock that would have been issued had the Company timely complied with its exercise and delivery obligations hereunder.  For example, if the Holder purchases Common Stock having a total purchase

 

3



 

price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to an attempted exercise of shares of Common Stock with an aggregate sale price giving rise to such purchase obligation of $10,000, under clause (A) of the immediately preceding sentence the Company shall be required to pay the Holder $1,000. The Holder shall provide the Company written notice indicating the amounts payable to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In and, upon request of the Company, evidence of the amount of such loss.  Nothing herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver certificates representing shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.

 

v.              No Fractional Shares or Scrip.  No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant.  As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the Company shall, at its election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the Exercise Price or round up to the next whole share.

 

vi.           Charges, Taxes and Expenses.  Issuance of certificates for Warrant Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax or other incidental expense in respect of the issuance of such certificate, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company, and such certificates shall be issued in the name of the Holder or in such name or names as may be directed by the Holder; provided, however, that in the event certificates for Warrant Shares are to be issued in a name other than the name of the Holder, this Warrant when surrendered for exercise shall be accompanied by the Assignment Form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder and the Company may require, as a condition thereto, the payment of a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any transfer tax incidental thereto.

 

vii.        Closing of Books.  The Company will not close its stockholder books or records in any manner which prevents the timely exercise of this Warrant, pursuant to the terms hereof.

 

e)                                      Holder’s Exercise Limitations.  The Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and a Holder shall not have the right to exercise any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to Section 2 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance after exercise as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any other Persons acting as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates), would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below).  For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates shall include the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, nonexercised portion of this Warrant beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or nonconverted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any other  Common Stock Equivalents) subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates.  Except as set forth in the preceding

 

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sentence, for purposes of this Section 2(e), beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, it being acknowledged by the Holder that the Company is not representing to the Holder that such calculation is in compliance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the Holder is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance therewith.   The submission of a Notice of Exercise shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the Company shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination.   In addition, a determination as to any group status as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.  For purposes of this Section 2(e), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed with the Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (C) a more recent written notice by the Company or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding.  Upon the written or oral request of a Holder, the Company shall within two Trading Days confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding.  In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder or its Affiliates since the date as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported.  The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.9% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant.  The Holder, upon not less than 61 days’ prior notice to the Company, may increase or decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e), provided that the Beneficial Ownership Limitation in no event exceeds 9.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of this Warrant held by the Holder and the provisions of this Section 2(e) shall continue to apply.  Any such increase or decrease will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered to the Company.  The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 2(e) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.

 

Section 3.                                            Certain Adjustments.

 

a)                                      Stock Dividends and Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise makes a distribution or distributions on shares of its Common Stock or any other equity or equity equivalent securities payable in shares of Common Stock (which, for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon exercise of this Warrant), (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of reverse stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) issues by reclassification of shares of the Common Stock any shares of capital stock of the Company, then in each case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding immediately before such event and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event, and the number of shares issuable upon

 

5



 

exercise of this Warrant shall be proportionately adjusted such that the aggregate Exercise Price of this Warrant shall remain unchanged.  Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 3(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.

 

b)                                     [RESERVED]

 

c)                                      Subsequent Rights Offerings.  If the Company, at any time while the Warrant is outstanding, shall issue rights, options or warrants to all holders of Common Stock (and not to the Holders) entitling them to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock at a price per share less than the VWAP on the record date mentioned below, then, the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction, of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding on the date of issuance of such rights, options or warrants plus the number of additional shares of Common Stock offered for subscription or purchase, and of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding on the date of issuance of such rights, options or warrants plus the number of shares which the aggregate offering price of the total number of shares so offered (assuming receipt by the Company in full of all consideration payable upon exercise of such rights, options or warrants) would purchase at such VWAP.  Such adjustment shall be made whenever such rights, options or warrants are issued, and shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such rights, options or warrants.

 

d)                                     Pro Rata Distributions.  If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, shall distribute to all holders of Common Stock (and not to the Holders) evidences of its indebtedness or assets (including cash and cash dividends) or rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any security, then in each such case the Exercise Price shall be adjusted by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to the record date fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to receive such distribution by a fraction of which the denominator shall be the VWAP determined as of the record date mentioned above, and of which the numerator shall be such VWAP on such record date less the then per share fair market value at such record date of the portion of such assets or evidence of indebtedness so distributed applicable to one outstanding share of the Common Stock as determined by the Board of Directors in good faith.  In either case the adjustments shall be described in a statement provided to the Holder of the portion of assets or evidences of indebtedness so distributed or such subscription rights applicable to one share of Common Stock.  Such adjustment shall be made whenever any such distribution is made and shall become effective immediately after the record date mentioned above.

 

e)                                      Fundamental Transaction. If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person, (ii) the Company, directly or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of its assets in one or a series of related transactions, (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of 50% or more of the outstanding Common Stock, (iv) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property, (v) the Company,

 

6



 

directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with another Person or group of Persons whereby such other Person or group of Persons acquires more than 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (not including any shares of Common Stock held by the other Person or other Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the other Persons making or party to, such stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination) (each a “Fundamental Transaction”), then, upon any subsequent exercise of this Warrant, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Warrant Share that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction, at the option of the Holder (without regard to any limitation in Section 2(e) on the exercise of this Warrant), the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”) receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation in Section 2(e) on the exercise of this Warrant).  For purposes of any such exercise, the determination of the Exercise Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Exercise Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration.  If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration it receives upon any exercise of this Warrant following such Fundamental Transaction.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, in the event of a Fundamental Transaction that is (1) an all cash transaction, (2) a “Rule 13e-3 transaction” as defined in Rule 13e-3 under the Exchange Act, or (3) a Fundamental Transaction involving a person or entity not traded on a national securities exchange, including, but not limited to, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, or the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Company or any Successor Entity (as defined below) shall, at the Holder’s option, exercisable at any time within 30 days after the consummation of the Fundamental Transaction, purchase this Warrant from the Holder by paying to the Holder an amount of cash equal to the Black Scholes Value of the remaining unexercised portion of this Warrant on the date of the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction.  “Black Scholes Value” means the value of this Warrant based on the Black and Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg, L.P. (“Bloomberg”) determined as of the day of consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction for pricing purposes and reflecting (A) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date, (B) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg as of the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, (C) the underlying price per share used in such calculation shall be the sum of the price per share being offered in cash, if any, plus the value of any non-cash consideration, if any, being offered in such Fundamental Transaction and (D) a remaining option time equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date.  The Company shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3(e) pursuant to written agreements in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental Transaction and shall, at the option of the holder of this Warrant, deliver to the

 

7



 

Holder in exchange for this Warrant a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant which is exercisable for a corresponding number of shares of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable and receivable upon exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant) prior to such Fundamental Transaction, and with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such shares of capital stock (but taking into account the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such shares of capital stock, such number of shares of capital stock and such exercise price being for the purpose of protecting the economic value of this Warrant immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction), and which is reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Holder. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company herein.

 

f)                                        Calculations. All calculations under this Section 3 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be. For purposes of this Section 3, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) issued and outstanding.

 

g)                                     Notice to Holder.

 

i.                  Adjustment to Exercise Price. Whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 3, the Company shall promptly mail to the Holder a notice setting forth the Exercise Price after such adjustment and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.

 

ii.               Notice to Allow Exercise by Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on the Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection with any reclassification of the Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted into other securities, cash or property, or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall cause to be mailed to the Holder at its last address as it shall appear upon the Warrant Register of the Company, at least 20 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of the Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend,

 

8



 

distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of the Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange; provided that the failure to mail such notice or any defect therein or in the mailing thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice.  To the extent that any notice provided hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K.  The Holder shall remain entitled to exercise this Warrant during the period commencing on the date of such notice to the effective date of the event triggering such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.

 

Section 4.                                            Transfer of Warrant.

 

a)                                      Transferability.  This Warrant and all rights hereunder (including, without limitation, any registration rights) are transferable, in whole or in part, upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together with a written assignment of this Warrant substantially in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney and funds sufficient to pay any transfer taxes payable upon the making of such transfer.  Upon such surrender and, if required, such payment, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in the name of the assignee or assignees, as applicable, and in the denomination or denominations specified in such instrument of assignment, and shall issue to the assignor a new Warrant evidencing the portion of this Warrant not so assigned, and this Warrant shall promptly be cancelled.  The Warrant, if properly assigned in accordance herewith, may be exercised by a new holder for the purchase of Warrant Shares without having a new Warrant issued.

 

b)                                     New Warrants. This Warrant may be divided or combined with other Warrants upon presentation hereof at the aforesaid office of the Company, together with a written notice specifying the names and denominations in which new Warrants are to be issued, signed by the Holder or its agent or attorney.  Subject to compliance with Section 4(a), as to any transfer which may be involved in such division or combination, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in exchange for the Warrant or Warrants to be divided or combined in accordance with such notice. All Warrants issued on transfers or exchanges shall be dated the initial issuance date set forth on the first page of this Warrant and shall be identical with this Warrant except as to the number of Warrant Shares issuable pursuant thereto.

 

c)                                      Warrant Register. The Company shall register this Warrant, upon records to be maintained by the Company for that purpose (the “Warrant Register”), in the name of the record Holder hereof from time to time.  The Company may deem and treat the registered Holder of this Warrant as the absolute owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder, and for all other purposes, absent actual notice to the contrary.

 

9



 

Section 5.                                            Miscellaneous.

 

a)                                      No Rights as Stockholder Until Exercise.  This Warrant does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights, dividends or other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the exercise hereof as set forth in Section 2(d)(i).

 

b)                                     Loss, Theft, Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant. The Company covenants that upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or any stock certificate relating to the Warrant Shares, and in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to it (which, in the case of the Warrant, shall not include the posting of any bond), and upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or stock certificate, if mutilated, the Company will make and deliver a new Warrant or stock certificate of like tenor and dated as of such cancellation, in lieu of such Warrant or stock certificate.

 

c)                                      Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc.  If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then, such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business Day.

 

d)                                     Authorized Shares.

 

The Company covenants that, during the period the Warrant is outstanding, it will reserve from its authorized and unissued Common Stock a sufficient number of shares to provide for the issuance of the Warrant Shares upon the exercise of any purchase rights under this Warrant.  The Company further covenants that its issuance of this Warrant shall constitute full authority to its officers who are charged with the duty of executing stock certificates to execute and issue the necessary certificates for the Warrant Shares upon the exercise of the purchase rights under this Warrant.  The Company will take all such reasonable action as may be necessary to assure that such Warrant Shares may be issued as provided herein without violation of any applicable law or regulation, or of any requirements of the Trading Market upon which the Common Stock may be listed.  The Company covenants that all Warrant Shares which may be issued upon the exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant will, upon exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant and payment for such Warrant Shares in accordance herewith, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free from all taxes, liens and charges created by the Company in respect of the issue thereof (other than taxes in respect of any transfer occurring contemporaneously with such issue).

 

Except and to the extent as waived or consented to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending its certificate of incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, but will at all times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate to protect the rights of Holder as set forth in this Warrant against impairment.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company will (i) not increase the par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise immediately prior to such increase in par value, (ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant and (iii) use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof, as may be, necessary to enable the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant.

 

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Before taking any action which would result in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the Exercise Price, the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary from any public regulatory body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.

 

e)             Jurisdiction. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Warrant shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of the Purchase Agreement.

 

f)             Restrictions.  The Holder acknowledges that the Warrant Shares acquired upon the exercise of this Warrant, if not registered, and the Holder does not utilize cashless exercise, will have restrictions upon resale imposed by state and federal securities laws.

 

g)             Nonwaiver and Expenses.  No course of dealing or any delay or failure to exercise any right hereunder on the part of Holder shall operate as a waiver of such right or otherwise prejudice Holder’s rights, powers or remedies.  Without limiting any other provision of this Warrant or the Purchase Agreement, if the Company willfully and knowingly fails to comply with any provision of this Warrant, which results in any material damages to the Holder, the Company shall pay to Holder such amounts as shall be sufficient to cover any costs and expenses including, but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees, including those of appellate proceedings, incurred by Holder in collecting any amounts due pursuant hereto or in otherwise enforcing any of its rights, powers or remedies hereunder.

 

h)            Notices.  Any notice, request or other document required or permitted to be given or delivered to the Holder by the Company shall be delivered in accordance with the notice provisions of the Purchase Agreement.

 

i)              Limitation of Liability.  No provision hereof, in the absence of any affirmative action by Holder to exercise this Warrant to purchase Warrant Shares, and no enumeration herein of the rights or privileges of Holder, shall give rise to any liability of Holder for the purchase price of any Common Stock or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liability is asserted by the Company or by creditors of the Company.

 

j)             Remedies.  The Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages, will be entitled to specific performance of its rights under this Warrant.  The Company agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Warrant and hereby agrees to waive and not to assert the defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate.

 

k)            Successors and Assigns.  Subject to applicable securities laws, this Warrant and the rights and obligations evidenced hereby shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the successors and permitted assigns of Holder.  The provisions of this Warrant are intended to be for the benefit of any Holder from time to time of this Warrant and shall be enforceable by the Holder or holder of Warrant Shares.

 

l)              Amendment.  This Warrant may be modified or amended or the provisions hereof waived with the written consent of the Company and the Holder.

 

m)           Severability.  Wherever possible, each provision of this Warrant shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision

 

11



 

of this Warrant shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provisions or the remaining provisions of this Warrant.

 

n)            Headings.  The headings used in this Warrant are for the convenience of reference only and shall not, for any purpose, be deemed a part of this Warrant.

 

********************

 

(Signature Pages Follow)

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be executed by its officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above indicated.

 

 

 

SPHERIX INCORPORATED

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

Title:

 

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NOTICE OF EXERCISE

 

TO:         SPHERIX INCORPORATED

 

(1)           The undersigned hereby elects to purchase                    Warrant Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant (only if exercised in full), and tenders herewith payment of the exercise price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes, if any.

 

(2)           Payment shall take the form of (check applicable box):

 

o in lawful money of the United States; or

 

o [if permitted] the cancellation of such number of Warrant Shares as is necessary, in accordance with the formula set forth in subsection 2(c), to exercise this Warrant with respect to the maximum number of Warrant Shares purchasable pursuant to the cashless exercise procedure set forth in subsection 2(c).

 

(3)           Please issue a certificate or certificates representing said Warrant Shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified below:

 

 

The Warrant Shares shall be delivered to the following DWAC Account Number or by physical delivery of a certificate to:

 

 

 

[SIGNATURE OF HOLDER]

 

 

 

Name of Investing Entity:

 

 

 

Signature of Authorized Signatory of Investing Entity:

 

 

 

Name of Authorized Signatory:

 

 

 

Title of Authorized Signatory:

 

 

 

 

 

Date:

 

 

 

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ASSIGNMENT FORM

 

(To assign the foregoing warrant, execute
this form and supply required information.
Do not use this form to exercise the warrant.)

 

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, [        ] all of or [              ] shares of the foregoing Warrant and all rights evidenced thereby are hereby assigned to

 

 

 whose address is

 

 

 

 .

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dated:                              ,         

 

 

Holder’s Signature:

 

 

 

 

 

Holder’s Address:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Signature Guaranteed:

 

 

 

NOTE:  The signature to this Assignment Form must correspond with the name as it appears on the face of the Warrant, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever, and must be guaranteed by a bank or trust company.  Officers of corporations and those acting in a fiduciary or other representative capacity should file proper evidence of authority to assign the foregoing Warrant.

 

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EX-21.1 7 a10-13555_2ex21d1.htm EX-21.1

EXHIBIT 21.1

 

List of Subsidiaries

 

Subsidiary

 

State of Incorporation

 

 

 

Biospherics Incorporated

 

Delaware

Spherix Consulting, Inc.

 

Delaware

 

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EX-23.2 8 a10-13555_2ex23d2.htm EX-23.2

EXHIBIT 23.2

 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

 

We have issued our report dated March 30, 2010, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Spherix Incorporated contained in the Registration Statement and Prospectus. We consent to the use of the aforementioned report in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, and to the use of our name as it appears under the caption “Experts.”

 

 

/s/ Grant Thornton LLP

 

Grant Thornton LLP

 

Baltimore, Maryland

 

 

September 3, 2010

 

 

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Spherix Incorporated

 

 

September 2, 2010

 

United States Securities and Exchange Commission

Washington, D.C. 20549-7010

Attn:  Pamela Long, Assistant Director

 

RE:                         Spherix Incorporated Registration Statement on Form S-1

Filed July 2, 2010

File No. 333-167963

 

Dear Ms. Long:

 

This letter is being provided by Spherix Incorporated (the “Company”) in response to your comment letter dated July 29, 2010.  The follow responses correspond to your comments.

 

SEC Comment No. 1

 

We note that the convertible preferred stock and warrants will be sold in units but that the units will not be issued or certificated.  Please clarify for us what you mean by the statement that the units will not be issued.  In addition, please tell us what consideration you have given to whether the units are separate securities that should be covered by the registration statement.

 

Company Response

 

We have amended the language to clarify that the only securities covered by the registration statement are the preferred stock, the warrants and the common stock issuable upon conversion of the preferred stock and exercise of the warrants.

 

SEC Comment No. 2

 

Please add to the registration statement all the currently omitted information that is not subject to Rule 430A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.  Please note that we will need adequate time to review this information once it is provided.

 

Company Response

 

Additional information is included in this registration statement as requested.

 

6430 Rockledge Drive, Suite 503

Bethesda, MD  20817

Tel.:  (301) 897-2540; Fax:  (301) 897-2567

http://spherix.com

 



 

SEC Comment No. 3

 

Prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement, please arrange to have FINRA call us or provide us with a letter indicating that FINRA has cleared the placement agent compensation arrangements for the offering.

 

Company Response

 

We will have FINRA contact you as requested.

 

SEC Comment No. 4

 

We note that you have not filed several exhibits, including the legality opinion.  Please allow sufficient time for our review of these exhibits before requesting effectiveness of your registration statement.

 

Company Response

 

Additional exhibits have been filed as requested.

 

SEC Comment No. 5

 

We note that you have included the undertakings for Rule 415 offerings on page II-2 of the registration statement and that it appears that your offering will be made on a delayed or continuous basis.  If this is correct, please revise the cover page to check the box to indicate that you are registering an offering pursuant to Rule 415.

 

Company Response

 

The cover page has been revised as requested.

 

SEC Comment No. 6

 

We note your disclosure in the Definitive Proxy Statement filed on July 2, 2010, which states that you are required to obtain shareholder approval prior to issuing a certain number of shares of your common stock.  Please revise this section to disclose (i) that you must obtain shareholder approval at your annual meeting on August 31, 2010 to issue the shares of common stock underlying the convertible preferred stock and warrants and (ii) your intentions with regard to the offering if you are unable to obtain the required shareholder approval.  Please revise other

 

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sections of your prospectus accordingly, including, but not limited to, the Plan of Distribution.  Please further consider whether a failure to obtain the required shareholder approval would create any significant risks for your company, and if necessary, revise your risk factor disclosure to discuss such risks.

 

Company Response

 

Additional disclosure has been included as requested.

 

SEC Comment No. 7

 

You must identify all significant factors that make your offering speculative or risky.  Please revise the introductory paragraph to delete the fourth through seventh sentences, which are not appropriate.  Please refer to Item 503(c) of Regulation S-K.

 

Company Response

 

We have deleted the sentences as requested.

 

The Company also acknowledges that:

 

·                  should the Commission or the staff, acting pursuant to delegated authority, declare the filing effective, it does not foreclose the Commission from taking any action with respect to the filing;

·                  the action of the Commission or the staff, acting pursuant to delegated authority, in declaring the filing effective, does not relieve the Company from its full responsibility for the adequacy and accuracy of the disclosure in the filing;  and

·                  the Company may not assert staff comments and the declaration of effectiveness as a defense in any proceeding initiated by the Commission or any person under the federal securities laws of the United States.

 

 

Sincerely,

 

 

 

/s/ Claire L. Kruger

 

 

 

Claire L. Kruger

 

CEO and COO

 

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