Derivatives and Hedging

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivatives and Hedging Activities

The Company is a party to various derivative instruments. Derivative instruments are contracts between two or more parties that have a notional amount and an underlying variable, require a small or no initial investment, and allow for the net settlement of positions. A derivative’s notional amount serves as the basis for the payment provision of the contract and takes the form of units, such as shares or dollars. A derivative’s underlying variable is a specified interest rate, security price, commodity price, foreign exchange rate, index, or other variable. The interaction between the notional amount and the underlying variable determines the number of units to be exchanged between the parties and influences the fair value of the derivative contract.

The primary type of derivatives that the Company uses are interest rate swaps. Generally, these instruments are used to help manage the Company's exposure to interest rate risk and meet client financing and hedging needs.

Derivatives are recorded at fair value in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, after taking into account the effects of bilateral collateral and master netting agreements. These agreements allow the Company to settle all derivative contracts held with the same counterparty on a net basis, and to offset net derivative positions with related cash collateral, where applicable.

As of June 30, 2019, December 31, 2018, and June 30, 2018, the Company does not have any outstanding cash flow hedges.

Derivatives Designated in Hedge Relationships

The Company utilizes derivatives that have been designated as part of a hedge relationship in accordance with the applicable accounting guidance to minimize the exposure to changes in benchmark interest rates and volatility of net interest income and EVE to interest rate fluctuations. The primary derivative instruments used to manage interest rate risk are interest rate swaps, which convert the contractual interest rate index of agreed-upon amounts of assets and liabilities (i.e., notional amounts) to another interest rate index.

The Company has entered into pay fixed/receive variable interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges of certain fixed rate loans. As a result, the Company receives variable-rate interest payments in exchange for making fixed-rate payments over the lives of the contracts without exchanging the notional amounts.

The Company has also entered into receive fixed/pay variable interest rate swaps, designated as fair value hedges on its fixed rate subordinated debt offerings. As a result, the Company is paying a floating rate of three-month LIBOR plus 3.16% and is receiving semi-annual fixed payments of 5.00% to match the payments on the $150.0 million subordinated debt. For the fair value hedge

on the Parent's $175.0 million subordinated debentures issued on June 16, 2016, the Company is paying a floating rate of three-month LIBOR plus 3.25% and is receiving quarterly fixed payments of 6.25% to match the payments on the debt.

Derivatives Not Designated in Hedge Relationships

Management also enters into certain foreign exchange derivative contracts and back-to-back interest rate swaps which are not designated as accounting hedges. Foreign exchange derivative contracts include spot, forward, and forward window contracts. The purpose of these derivative contracts is to mitigate foreign currency risk on transactions entered into, or on behalf of customers. Contracts with customers, along with the related derivative trades that the Company places, are both remeasured at fair value, and are referred to as economic hedges since they economically offset the Company's exposure. The Company's back-to-back interest rate swaps are used to manage long-term interest rate risk.

As of June 30, 2019, derivatives not designated as hedging instruments were in a net asset position of $0.1 million, compared to a net asset position of $0.3 million and $0.2 million at December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net changes in the fair value related to these derivative contracts totaled $1.0 million and $1.2 million, respectively, and $2.3 million and $2.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, are included as part of Foreign currency income in the Consolidated Income Statements.

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the following amounts are reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges:

	June 30, 2019					December 31, 2018
	Carrying Value of Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)			Cumulative Fair Value Hedging Adjustment (1)		Carrying Value of Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)			Cumulative Fair Value Hedging Adjustment (1)
	(in thousands)
Loans - HFI, net of deferred loan fees and costs	$	678,369		$	58,355	$	650,428		$	23,039
Qualifying debt	(316,392		)	2,963		(299,401		)	19,691

(1) Included in the carrying value of the hedged assets/(liabilities).

For the Company's derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current earnings in the same line item as the offsetting loss or gain on the related interest rate swaps. For loans, the gain or loss on the hedged item is included in interest income and for subordinated debt, the gain or loss on the hedged item is included in interest expense.

Fair Values, Volume of Activity, and Gain/Loss Information Related to Derivative Instruments

The following table summarizes the fair values of the Company's derivative instruments on a gross and net basis as of June 30, 2019, December 31, 2018, and June 30, 2018. The derivative asset and liability balances are presented on a gross basis, prior to the application of bilateral collateral and master netting agreements. Total derivative assets and liabilities are adjusted to take into account the impact of legally enforceable master netting agreements that allow the Company to settle all derivative contracts with the same counterparty on a net basis and to offset the net derivative position with the related collateral. Where master netting agreements are not in effect or are not enforceable under bankruptcy laws, the Company does not adjust those derivative amounts with counterparties. The fair value of derivative contracts, after taking into account the effects of master netting agreements, is included in other assets or other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, as indicated in the following table:

	June 30, 2019						December 31, 2018						June 30, 2018
			Fair Value						Fair Value						Fair Value
	Notional Amount		Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities		Notional Amount		Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities		Notional Amount		Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities
	(in thousands)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Fair value hedges
Interest rate swaps	$	958,298	$	1,436	$	62,754	$	965,705	$	2,162	$	44,892	$	986,867	$	4,435	$	41,015
Total	958,298		1,436		62,754		965,705		2,162		44,892		986,867		4,435		41,015
Netting adjustments (1)	—		163		163		—		2,162		2,162		—		3,838		3,838
Net derivatives in the balance sheet	$	958,298	$	1,273	$	62,591	$	965,705	$	—	$	42,730	$	986,867	$	597	$	37,177
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign currency contracts	$	25,151	$	263	$	147	$	49,690	$	454	$	201	$	70,190	$	1,274	$	1,056
Interest rate swaps	2,348		83		83		2,378		27		27		1,763		74		74
Total	$	27,499	$	346	$	230	$	52,068	$	481	$	228	$	71,953	$	1,348	$	1,130

(1) Netting adjustments represent the amounts recorded to convert the Company's derivative balances from a gross basis to a net basis in accordance with the applicable accounting guidance.

Counterparty Credit Risk

Like other financial instruments, derivatives contain an element of credit risk. This risk is measured as the expected positive replacement value of the contracts. Management generally enters into bilateral collateral and master netting agreements that provide for the net settlement of all contracts with the same counterparty. Additionally, management monitors counterparty credit risk exposure on each contract to determine appropriate limits on the Company's total credit exposure across all product types. In general, the Company has a zero credit threshold with regard to derivative exposure with counterparties. Management reviews the Company's collateral positions on a daily basis and exchanges collateral with counterparties in accordance with standard ISDA documentation and other related agreements. The Company generally holds collateral in the form of cash deposits or highly rated securities issued by the U.S. Treasury or government-sponsored enterprises, such as GNMA, FNMA, and FHLMC. The total collateral netted against net derivative liabilities totaled $62.8 million at June 30, 2019, $44.9 million at December 31, 2018, and $39.8 million at June 30, 2018.

The following table summarizes the Company's largest exposure to an individual counterparty at the dates indicated:

	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018		June 30, 2018
	(in thousands)
Largest gross exposure (derivative asset) to an individual counterparty	$	1,273	$	1,411	$	2,910
Collateral posted by this counterparty	1,100		—		—
Derivative liability with this counterparty	—		23,906		16,809
Collateral pledged to this counterparty	—		25,761		24,001
Net exposure after netting adjustments and collateral	$	173	$	—	$	—

Credit Risk Contingent Features

Management has entered into certain derivative contracts that require the Company to post collateral to the counterparties when these contracts are in a net liability position. Conversely, the counterparties may be required to post collateral when these contracts are in a net asset position. The amount of collateral to be posted is based on the amount of the net liability and exposure thresholds. As of June 30, 2019, December 31, 2018, and June 30, 2018 the aggregate fair value of all derivative contracts with credit risk contingent features (i.e., those containing collateral posting provisions) held by the Company that were in a net liability position totaled $62.8 million, $44.9 million, and $41.0 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2019, the Company was in an over-collateralized net position of $20.3 million after considering $83.1 million of collateral held in the form of cash and securities. As of December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, the Company was in an over-collateralized position of $7.6 million and $11.6 million, respectively.