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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2015
Income Taxes  
Income Taxes

 

4.Income Taxes

 

Our effective tax rate increased to 44.8% from 43.2% for the three months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and increased to 43.6% from 42.6% for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively, primarily due to changes in state apportionments and permanent differences. The principal differences between the statutory rate and our effective rate are state taxes and permanent differences.

 

In April 2015, legislation was signed changing New York City tax law, which resulted in the Company recognizing approximately $0.6 million in discrete tax expense for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2015. This discrete item had an approximate effective tax rate impact of 6.0% and 3.7% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively.

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2015, we utilized $3.9 million in tax deductions arising from stock-based compensation, which resulted in an excess tax benefit of $1.5 million that was recorded to capital in excess of par value and an offsetting reduction to taxes payable.

 

As of June 30, 2015 and 2014, the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits was approximately $1.4 million and $1.6 million, respectively (net of the federal benefit for state issues) that, if recognized, would favorably affect our future effective tax rate. As of June 30, 2015 and 2014, the accrued liability for interest expense and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits was $0.4 million and $0.2 million, respectively. We include interest expense and penalties in the provision for income taxes in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. The amount of interest expense (net of federal and state income tax benefits) and penalties in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 was immaterial. We do not expect any significant change in unrecognized tax benefits during the next twelve months.

 

We file income tax returns with the U.S. Federal government and various state jurisdictions. We are no longer subject to U.S. Federal income tax examinations for years before 2011. We operate in a number of state and local jurisdictions, most of which have never audited our records. Accordingly, we are subject to state and local income tax examinations based upon the various statutes of limitations in each jurisdiction. We are currently being examined by the State of New York.