Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration No. 333-207745

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

(To Prospectus dated November 18, 2015)

8,200,000 Shares

Molecular Templates, Inc.

Common Stock

We are offering 8,200,000 shares of our common stock. Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “MTEM.” On September 20, 2018, the last reported sale price for our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market was $5.79 per share.

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. Please read “Risk Factors” on page S-7 of this prospectus supplement and under similar headings in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved these securities or determined if this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus is accurate or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

	Per Share		Total
Public offering price	$	5.50	$	45,100,000
Underwriting discounts and commissions(1)	$	0.33	$	2,706,000
Proceeds, before expenses, to us	$	5.17	$	42,394,000

(1) We have agreed to reimburse the underwriters for certain expenses. See “Underwriting.”

We have granted the underwriters an option for a period of 30 days from the date of this prospectus supplement to purchase up to an additional 1,230,000 shares of our common stock at the public offering price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions. See “Underwriting” for more information.

The underwriters expect to deliver the shares of our common stock on or about September 25, 2018.

Joint Book-Running Managers

Cowen Evercore ISI UBS Investment Bank

Lead Manager

Laidlaw & Company (UK) Ltd.

The date of this prospectus supplement is September 20, 2018.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT	S-ii
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS	S-iv
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY	S-1
RISK FACTORS	S-7
USE OF PROCEEDS	S-9
PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK	S-10
DIVIDEND POLICY	S-11
CAPITALIZATION	S-12
DILUTION	S-13
MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL TAX CONSIDERATIONS FOR NON-U.S. HOLDERS	S-14
UNDERWRITING	S-18
LEGAL MATTERS	S-24
EXPERTS	S-24
WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION	S-24
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE	S-24

PROSPECTUS

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS	ii
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY	1
RISK FACTORS	5
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS	5
FINANCIAL RATIOS	6
USE OF PROCEEDS	7
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK	8
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES	15
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS	22
LEGAL OWNERSHIP OF SECURITIES	25
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION	29
LEGAL MATTERS	31
EXPERTS	31
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION	31
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE	31

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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus relate to an offering of shares of our common stock. Before buying any shares of our common stock that we are offering, we urge you to carefully read this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, together with the information incorporated by reference as described under the headings “Where You Can Find Additional Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference” in this prospectus supplement. These documents contain important information that you should consider when making your investment decision.

Unless the context otherwise requires, “Molecular Templates,” “Molecular,” “MTEM,” “the Company,” “we,” “us,” “our” and similar terms refer to Molecular Templates, Inc., a company incorporated under the laws of Delaware, together with its subsidiaries.

This document contains two parts. The first part is this prospectus supplement, which describes the terms of this offering of shares of our common stock and also adds to, updates and changes information contained in the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference. The second part is the accompanying prospectus, which gives more general information. To the extent the information contained in this prospectus supplement differs from or conflicts with the information contained in the accompanying prospectus or any document incorporated by reference, the information in this prospectus supplement will control. If any statement in one of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later date—for example, a document incorporated by reference into the accompanying prospectus—the statement in the document having the later date modifies or supersedes the earlier statement.

This prospectus supplement is part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), using a “shelf” registration process. Under the shelf registration process, we may from time to time offer and sell any combination of the securities described in the accompanying prospectus up to a total dollar amount of $200.0 million, of which this offering is a part.

We are responsible for the information contained in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus and in any free writing prospectus we prepare or authorize. We have not, and the underwriters have not, authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that which is contained in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and in any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering and we take no responsibility for any other information others may give you. We are not, and the underwriters are not, making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information contained in this prospectus supplement is accurate as of the date on the front cover of this prospectus supplement only and that any information we have incorporated by reference or included in the accompanying prospectus is accurate only as of the date given in the document incorporated by reference or as of the date of the prospectus, as applicable, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, any related free writing prospectus, or any sale of shares of our common stock. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.

For investors outside the United States: Neither we, nor the underwriters, have done anything that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. You are required to inform yourselves about, and to observe any restrictions relating to, this offering and the distribution of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.

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We further note that the representations, warranties and covenants made by us in any agreement that is filed as an exhibit to any document that is incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus were made solely for the benefit of the parties to such agreement, including, in some cases, for the purpose of allocating risk among the parties to such agreements, and should not be deemed to be a representation, warranty or covenant to you. Moreover, such representations, warranties or covenants were accurate only as of the date when made. Accordingly, such representations, warranties and covenants should not be relied on as accurately representing the current state of our affairs.

This prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the information incorporated herein and therein by reference include trademarks, service marks and trade names owned by us or other companies. All trademarks, service marks and trade names included or incorporated by reference into this prospectus are the property of their respective owners.

Information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website does not constitute part of this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or any related free writing prospectus.

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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including the documents that we incorporate by reference herein and therein, contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. These forward-looking statements can generally be identified as such because the context of the statement may include words such as “may”, “will”, “intend”, “plan”, “believe”, “anticipate”, “expect”, “estimate”, “predict”, “potential”, “continue”, “likely”, “unlikely”, or “opportunity”, the negative of these words or words of similar import, though not all forward-looking statement contain these identifying words.

Similarly, statements that describe our future plans, strategies, intentions, expectations, objectives, goals or prospects are also forward-looking statements. Discussions containing these forward-looking statements may be found, among other places, in the “Business” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” sections incorporated by reference from our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, as well as any amendments thereto and in our other filings with the SEC. These forward-looking statements are based largely on our expectations and projections about future events and future trends affecting our business, and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements. The risks and uncertainties include, among others, those noted in “Risk Factors” above and those included in the documents that we incorporate by reference herein.

In addition, past financial and/or operating performance is not necessarily a reliable indicator of future performance and you should not use our historical performance to anticipate results or future period trends. We can give no assurances that any of the events anticipated by the forward-looking statements will occur or, if any of them do, what impact they will have on our results of operations and financial condition. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to publicly revise our forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the filing of this prospectus supplement or the filing of the accompanying prospectus or documents incorporated by reference herein and therein that include forward-looking statements.

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PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY

This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. This summary does not contain all the information you should consider before investing in our common stock. You should read and consider carefully the more detailed information in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including the factors described under the heading “Risk Factors” in this prospectus supplement and the financial and other information incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, as well as the information included in any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, before making an investment decision.

Overview

Molecular Templates is a clinical-stage oncology company focused on the discovery and development of differentiated, targeted, biologic therapeutics for cancer. Molecular utilizes its proprietary biologic drug platform to design and generate engineered toxin bodies (“ETBs”), which Molecular believes provide a differentiated mechanism of action that may be beneficial in patients resistant to currently available cancer therapeutics. ETBs use a genetically engineered version of the Shiga-like Toxin A subunit (“SLTA”), a ribosome inactivating bacterial protein. In its wild-type form, SLTA is thought to induce its own entry into a cell when proximal to the cell surface membrane, self-route to the cytosol, and enzymatically and irreversibly shut down protein synthesis via ribosome inactivation. SLTA is normally coupled to its cognate Shiga-like Toxin B subunit (“SLTB”), to target the CD77 cell surface marker, a non-internalizing glycosphingolipid. In Molecular’s scaffold, a genetically engineered SLTA subunit with no cognate SLTB component is genetically fused to antibody domains or fragments specific to a cancer target, resulting in a biologic product candidate that is intended to identify the particular target and specifically kill the cancer cell. The antibody domains may be substituted with other antibody domains having different specificities to potentially allow for the rapid development of new drugs to various selected targets in cancer.

ETBs combine the specificity of an antibody with SLTA’s potent mechanism of cell destruction. Based on the disease setting, Molecular has created ETBs that have reduced immunogenicity and are capable of delivering additional payloads into a target cell. Immunogenicity is the ability of a foreign substances to provoke an immune response in a host. ETBs have relatively predictable pharmacokinetic (“PK”), and absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (“ADME”) profiles and can be rapidly screened for desired activity in robust cell-based and animal-model assays. Because SLTA can induce internalization against non- and poorly-internalizing cell surface receptors, the universe of targets for ETBs should be substantially larger than that seen with antibody-drug conjugates (“ADCs”), which are not likely to be effective if the target does not readily internalize the ADC payload.

ETBs have a differentiated mechanism of cell-kill in cancer therapeutics (the inhibition of protein synthesis via ribosome destruction), and Molecular has preclinical and clinical data demonstrating the utility of these molecules in chemotherapy-refractory cancers. ETBs have shown good tolerability data in multiple animal models as well as in Molecular’s clinical studies to date. Molecular believes the target specificity of ETBs, their ability to self-internalize, their potent and differentiated mechanism of cell kill and their tolerability profile provide opportunities for the clinical development of these agents to address multiple cancer types.

Molecular’s initial approach to drug development in oncology involves the selection of lead compounds to validated targets in cancer. Molecular has developed ETBs for various targets, including CD20, CD38, HER2, and PD-L1. CD20 is central to B cell malignancies and is clinically validated as a target for the treatment of lymphomas and autoimmune disease. CD38 has been validated as a meaningful clinical target in the treatment of multiple myeloma. PD-L1 is central to immune checkpoint

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pathways and is a target expressed in a variety of solid tumor cancers. Molecular’s lead compound, MT-3724, is an ETB that recognizes CD20, a B cell marker and is currently in a Phase I study. The dose escalation portion of its first Phase I clinical trial has been completed for MT-3724 and was followed by the initiation of a Phase Ib expansion cohort study, which was initiated in the fourth quarter of 2017. Updated results from the Phase Ib expansion cohort study are expected in the fourth quarter of 2018. Molecular anticipates initiating combination studies with MT-3724 in the second half of 2018 and advancing one or more additional ETBs into clinical trials in 2019. Molecular also anticipates initiating a Phase II monotherapy study with MT-3724 in the fourth quarter of 2018, which has the potential to be a pivotal study. Molecular anticipates filing IND applications for its HER2 targeting ETB in the first quarter of 2019, for its PD-L1 targeting ETB in the third quarter of 2019 and for its CD38 targeting ETB in partnership with Takeda (“CD38”) in 2019.

Initial results from the Phase II combination studies are expected in the first half of 2019. Potential interim results for the Phase II monotherapy study are expected in the second half of 2019. Preliminary results for the HER2 Phase I study are expected in the second half of 2019.

Molecular has built up multiple core competencies around the creation and development of ETBs. Molecular developed the ETB technology in-house and continues to make iterative improvements in the scaffold and identify new uses of the technology. Molecular has also developed the proprietary process for manufacturing ETBs under Good Manufacturing Process (“GMP”) standards and continues to make improvements to its manufacturing processes. Molecular has conducted multiple GMP manufacturing runs with its lead compound and believes this process is robust and could support commercial production with gross margins that are similar to those seen with antibodies.

Molecular’s Oncology Pipeline with Novel MOAs Driven by ETB Platform

Recent Developments

Takeda License Agreement

On September 18, 2018, Molecular entered into a development collaboration and exclusive license agreement (the “License Agreement”) with Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited (“Takeda”), for the development and commercialization of products incorporating or comprised of one or more CD38 SLT-A fusion proteins (“Licensed Products”) for the treatment of patients with diseases such as multiple myeloma.

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Pursuant to the License Agreement, the parties will initially co-develop one or more of the Licensed Products up to and including Phase Ia clinical trials, with Molecular having an option to continue to co-develop the Licensed Products following Phase Ia clinical trials. Molecular may exercise its co-development option within a specified time period following completion of the Phase Ia clinical trials with no additional fee by providing written notice of exercise to Takeda, provided Molecular has paid all co-development costs due pursuant to the License Agreement as of the date of such exercise. Pursuant to the terms of the License Agreement, Takeda will be responsible for all regulatory activities and commercialization of the Licensed Products. Molecular has granted Takeda specified intellectual property licenses to enable Takeda to perform its obligations and exercise its rights under the License Agreement, including exclusive license grants to enable Takeda to conduct development, manufacturing, and commercialization activities pursuant to the terms of the License Agreement.

Pursuant to the License Agreement, Molecular will receive an upfront payment of $30 million and, if Molecular exercises its co-development option and funds its share of development costs, it may receive up to an additional $307.5 million in milestone payments upon the achievement of certain development and regulatory milestone events and up to an additional $325 million in milestone payments upon the achievement of certain sales milestone events. If Molecular does not exercise its co-development option, it may receive up to an additional $162.5 million in milestone payments upon the achievement of certain development and regulatory milestone events and up to an additional $175 million in milestone payments upon the achievement of certain sales milestone events. Molecular will also be entitled to receive tiered royalties, subject to certain reductions, as percentages of annual aggregate net sales, if any, of Licensed Products. The royalty percentages would range from low double-digits to low twenties if Molecular exercises its option to co-develop, and from high-single digits to low teens if Molecular does not exercise its option to co-develop.

The parties will share in co-development costs in accordance with the terms of the License Agreement, and Takeda will be responsible for all costs incurred commercializing the Licensed Products.

Unless earlier terminated, the License Agreement will expire upon the expiration of the last-to-expire co-development royalty term (or royalty term, if applicable) for a Licensed Product. Takeda has the right to terminate the License Agreement at any time upon no less than ninety days’ prior written notice to Molecular. Either party may, subject to specified cure periods, terminate the License Agreement in the event of the other party’s uncured material breach, and either party may terminate the License Agreement under specified circumstances relating to the other party’s insolvency.

The License Agreement contemplates that Molecular will enter into certain ancillary agreements with Takeda, including a clinical supply agreement and a quality agreement.

CPRIT Grant Agreement

On September 18, 2018, Molecular entered into a Cancer Research Grant Contract (the “CPRIT Agreement”) with the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (“CPRIT”) in connection with a grant of approximately $15.2 million awarded by CPRIT to Molecular in November 2016 to fund research of a cancer therapy involving a CD38 targeting ETB (MT-4019) (the “Award”). Pursuant to the CPRIT Agreement, Molecular may also use such funds to develop a replacement CD38 targeting ETB, with or without a partner. The Award is contingent upon funds being available during the term of the CPRIT Agreement and subject to CPRIT’s ability to perform its obligations under the CPRIT Agreement as well as Molecular’s progress towards achievement of specified milestones, among other contractual requirements.

Subject to the terms of the CPRIT Agreement, full ownership of any CPRIT funded technology and CPRIT funded intellectual property rights developed pursuant to the CPRIT Agreement will be retained by Molecular, its Collaborators (as defined in the CPRIT Agreement) and, to the extent applicable, any participating third party (the “Project Results”). With respect to any Project Results, Molecular agreed to

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grant to CPRIT a nonexclusive, irrevocable, royalty-free, perpetual, worldwide license, solely for academic, research and other non-commercial purposes, under the Project Results and to exploit any necessary additional intellectual property rights, subject to certain exclusions.

Molecular will pay to CPRIT, during the term of the CPRIT Agreement, certain payments equal to a percentage of revenue ranging from the low-to mid-single digits. These payments will continue up to and until CPRIT receives an aggregate amount of 400% of the sum of all monies paid to Molecular by CPRIT under the CPRIT Agreement. If Molecular is required to obtain a license from a third party to sell any such product, the revenue sharing percentages may be reduced. In addition, once Molecular pays CPRIT 400% of the monies it has received under the CPRIT Agreement, it will continue to pay CPRIT a revenue sharing percentage of 0.5%.

The CPRIT Agreement will terminate, with certain obligations extending beyond termination, on the earlier of (a) May 31, 2019 or (b) the occurrence of any of the following events: (i) by mutual written consent of the parties, (ii) by CPRIT for an Event of Default (as defined in the CPRIT Agreement) by Molecular, (iii) by CPRIT if allocated funds should become legally unavailable during the term of the CPRIT Agreement and CPRIT is unable to obtain additional funds or (iv) by Molecular for convenience. CPRIT may approve a no cost extension for the CPRIT Agreement for a period not to exceed six months after the termination date if additional time is required to ensure adequate completion of the approved project, subject to the terms and conditions of the CPRIT Agreement.

MT-3724 Phase II Combination Study

In the third quarter of 2018, Molecular initiated a Phase II combination study of its lead candidate, MT-3724, with Gemcitabine and Oxaliplatin (GEMOX) in patients with advanced DLBCL. The study is a multi-center, open-label two part study that will evaluate the safety and tolerability of MT-3724 in combination with GEMOX in relapsed or refractory CD20 positive Non-Hodgkin B-cell Lymphoma patients. Molecular intends to enroll up to 64 subjects for four 28-day treatment cycles. Molecular expects to initiate a second combination trial, MT-3724 with Revlimid.

Corporate Information and History

We were originally incorporated in the State of Delaware in October 2001 under the name “Threshold Pharmaceuticals, Inc.” On August 1, 2017, Molecular Templates, Inc., formerly known as Threshold Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (NASDAQ: THLD) (“Threshold”), completed its business combination with then-private Molecular Templates, Inc. (“Private Molecular” formerly D5 Pharma Inc.) in accordance with the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization, dated as of March 16, 2017, by and among Threshold, Trojan Merger Sub, Inc. (“Merger Sub”), and Private Molecular (the “Merger Agreement”), pursuant to which Merger Sub merged with and into Private Molecular, with Private Molecular surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of Threshold (the “Merger”). On August 1, 2017, in connection with, and prior to the completion of, the Merger, Threshold effected a 11:1 reverse stock split of its common stock and on August 1, 2017, immediately after completion of the Merger, Threshold changed its name to “Molecular Templates, Inc.” (NASDAQ: MTEM).

Our corporate headquarters are located at 9301 Amberglen Boulevard, Suite 100, Austin, Texas 78729 and telephone number is (512) 869-1555. We maintain a website at www.mtem.com, to which we regularly post copies of our press releases as well as additional information about us. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not a part of this prospectus. We have included our website address in this prospectus solely as an inactive textual reference.

All brand names or trademarks appearing in this prospectus are the property of their respective holders. Use or display by us of other parties’ trademarks, trade dress, or products in this prospectus is not intended to, and does not, imply a relationship with, or endorsements or sponsorship of, us by the trademark or trade dress owners. As used herein, the words “Molecular Templates,” “Molecular,” “MTEM,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Molecular Templates, Inc. and our subsidiaries. Our subsidiary Molecular Templates OpCo, Inc. was incorporated in Delaware in February 2009.

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The Offering

Common stock offered by us 8,200,000 shares

Underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares We have granted the underwriters an option for a period of up to 30 days from the date of this prospectus supplement to purchase up to an additional 1,230,000 shares of common stock at the public offering price less the underwriting discounts and commissions.

Common stock to be outstanding immediately after this offering 35,265,198 shares (or 36,495,198 shares if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full).

Use of proceeds We intend to use the net proceeds, together with our existing cash and cash equivalents, from this offering to fund: our ongoing Phase Ib and Phase II clinical studies and planned additional Phase II clinical studies for MT-3724 in DLBCL; our share of development expenses in our CD38 collaboration with Takeda; our programs targeting HER2 and PD-L1; further preclinical development and drug discovery activities in our other programs; and for working capital and general corporate purposes. See “Use of Proceeds.”

Risk factors An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. See the information contained in or incorporated by reference under “Risk Factors” on page S-7 of this prospectus supplement and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference herein and therein.

Nasdaq Capital Market Symbol Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “MTEM.”

The number of shares of common stock expected to be outstanding after this offering and, unless otherwise indicated, the information in this prospectus supplement are based on 27,065,198 shares of common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2018, and excludes:

∎ 4,347,148 shares issuable upon the exercise of options outstanding as of June 30, 2018 at a weighted average exercise price of $10.34 per share;

∎ 8,636 shares reserved for issuance under the Amended and Restated 2004 Employee Stock Purchase Plan as of June 30, 2018;

∎ 537,963 shares reserved for issuance under the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan as of June 30, 2018; and

∎ 3,521,735 shares issuable upon the exercise of warrants outstanding as of June 30, 2018.

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Except as otherwise indicated, we have presented the information in this prospectus supplement assuming:

∎ no exercise by the underwriters in this offering of their option to purchase additional shares; and

∎ no exercise of outstanding options described above.

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RISK FACTORS

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. Our business, prospects, financial condition or operating results could be materially adversely affected by the risks identified below, as well as other risks not currently known to us or that we currently consider immaterial. The trading price of our common stock could decline due to any of these risks, and you may lose all or part of your investment. Before deciding whether to invest in our common stock, you should consider carefully the risk factors discussed below and those contained in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K and our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q which are on file with the SEC and are incorporated herein by reference, and which may be amended, supplemented or superseded from time to time by other reports we file with the SEC in the future.

Risks Related to this Offering

Management will have broad discretion as to the use of the net proceeds from this offering, and we may not use the proceeds effectively.

Our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds from this offering and could spend the proceeds in ways that do not improve our results of operations or enhance the value of our common stock. Our failure to apply these funds effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, delay the development of our product candidates, and cause the price of our common stock to decline.

If you purchase shares in this offering, you will suffer immediate and substantial dilution.

If you purchase shares of our common stock in this offering, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution in the as adjusted net tangible book value of your stock of $3.31 per share as of June 30, 2018, based on the public offering price of $5.50 per share, because the price that you pay will be substantially greater than the net tangible book value per share of the shares you acquire. You will experience additional dilution upon the exercise of options, including those options currently outstanding and those granted in the future, and the issuance of restricted stock or other equity awards under our stock incentive plans.

You may experience future dilution as a result of future equity offerings.

In order to raise additional capital, we may in the future offer additional shares of common stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for our shares of common stock at prices that may not be the same as the prices per share in this offering. We may sell shares or other securities in any other offering at a price per share that is less than the price per share paid by investors in this offering, and investors purchasing shares or other securities in the future could have rights superior to existing shareholders. The price per share at which we sell additional shares of common stock, or securities convertible or exchangeable into shares of common stock, in future transactions may be higher or lower than the prices per share paid by investors in this offering.

Because we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our capital stock in the foreseeable future, capital appreciation, if any, will be your sole source of gain.

We have never paid or declared any cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain earnings, if any, to finance the growth and development of our business and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. As a result, only appreciation of the price of our common stock will provide a return to our stockholders.

Sales of a substantial number of our common stock by our existing shareholders in the public market could cause our stock price to fall.

If our existing shareholders sell, or indicate an intention to sell, substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, the trading price of our common stock could decline. In addition, a

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substantial number of shares of common stock are subject to outstanding options or will become eligible for sale in the public market to the extent permitted by the provisions of various vesting schedules. If these additional shares of common stock are sold, or if it is perceived that they will be sold, in the public market, the trading price of our common stock could decline.

We, our executive officers and directors and certain of our existing shareholders have agreed that, subject to certain exceptions, during the period ending 90 days after the date of this prospectus supplement, we and they will not offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of, directly or indirectly, any of our common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any of our common stock, enter into a transaction that would have the same effect, or enter into any swap, hedge or other arrangement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of our common stock, whether any of these transactions are to be settled by delivery of our common stock or other securities, in cash or otherwise, or publicly disclose the intention to make any offer, sale, pledge or disposition, or to enter into any transaction, swap, hedge or other arrangement, without, in each case, the prior written consent of Cowen and Company, LLC and Evercore Group L.L.C., who may release any of the securities subject to these lock-up agreements at any time without notice. Exceptions to the lock-up restrictions are described in more detail in this prospectus supplement under the caption “Underwriting.”

Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and under Delaware law could make an acquisition of us, which may be beneficial to our stockholders, more difficult and may prevent attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management.

Provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, as amended, and amended and restated bylaws may delay or prevent an acquisition of us or a change in our management. These provisions include:

∎ authorizing the issuance of “blank check” preferred stock, the terms of which may be established and shares of which may be issued without stockholder approval;

∎ creating a staggered board of directors;

∎ prohibiting stockholder action by written consent, thereby requiring all stockholder actions to be taken at a meeting of our stockholders; and

∎ establishing advance notice requirements for nominations for election to the board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted upon at stockholder meetings.

In addition, because we are incorporated in Delaware, we are governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which limits the ability of stockholders owning in excess of 15% of our outstanding voting stock to merge or combine with us. Although we believe these provisions collectively provide for an opportunity to obtain greater value for stockholders by requiring potential acquirers to negotiate with our board of directors, they would apply even if an offer rejected by our board were considered beneficial by some stockholders. In addition, these provisions may frustrate or prevent any attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management by making it more difficult for stockholders to replace members of our board of directors, which is responsible for appointing the members of our management.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We estimate that we will receive net proceeds of approximately $41.8 million (or approximately $48.1 million if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares is exercised in full) from the sale of the shares of common stock offered by us in this offering, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, together with our existing cash and cash equivalents, as follows:

∎ to fund our ongoing Phase Ib and Phase II clinical studies and planned additional Phase II clinical studies for MT-3724 in DLBCL;

∎ to fund our share of development expenses in our CD38 collaboration with Takeda;

∎ to fund our programs targeting HER2 and PD-L1;

∎ to fund further preclinical development and drug discovery activities in our other programs; and

∎ for working capital and general corporate purposes.

We believe opportunities may exist from time to time to expand our current business through acquisitions or in-licensing of complementary companies, medicines or technologies. While we have no current agreements, commitments or understandings for any specific acquisitions or in-licensing at this time, we may use a portion of the net proceeds for these purposes.

Although we currently anticipate that we will use the net proceeds from this offering as described above, there may be circumstances where a reallocation of funds is necessary. Due to the uncertainties inherent in the product development process, it is difficult to estimate with certainty the exact amounts of the net proceeds from this offering that may be used for the above purposes. The amounts and timing of our actual expenditures will depend upon numerous factors, including the factors described in “Risk Factors.” Accordingly, our management will have broad discretion in applying the net proceeds from this offering. An investor will not have the opportunity to evaluate the economic, financial or other information on which we base our decisions on how to use the proceeds.

Based on our current plans, we believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents, together with the net proceeds from this offering, will be sufficient to enable us to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements into 2021.

We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could use our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect. We do not expect the net proceeds from this offering and our existing cash and cash equivalents to be sufficient to fund the development of our product candidates through regulatory approval and commercialization. We will need to raise substantial additional funds for further development and before we can expect to commercialize any products, if approved. We may satisfy our future cash needs through the sale of equity securities, debt financings, working capital lines of credit, corporate collaborations or license agreements, grant funding, interest income earned on invested cash balances or a combination of one or more of these sources.

Pending these uses, we intend to invest the net proceeds in high quality, investment grade instruments, certificates of deposit or direct or guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government, or hold such proceeds as cash.

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PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK

Our common stock has been publicly traded on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “MTEM” since August 1, 2017, prior to which it was traded under the symbol “THLD.” On September 20, 2018, the closing price for our common stock as reported on The Nasdaq Capital Market was $5.79 per share. The following table shows the high and low sales prices per share as reported on The Nasdaq Capital Market for the periods indicated.

Fiscal Quarter Ended	High		Low
March 31, 2016	$	6.82	$	2.31
June 30, 2016	$	8.46	$	3.30
September 30, 2016	$	16.28	$	5.08
December 31, 2016	$	7.48	$	3.85
March 31, 2017	$	11.77	$	4.84
June 30, 2017	$	6.27	$	3.85
September 30, 2017	$	7.59	$	4.18
December 31, 2017	$	11.88	$	6.62
March 31, 2018	$	13.25	$	7.87
June 30, 2018	$	9.76	$	4.77
September 30, 2018 (through September 20, 2018)	$	7.35	$	4.00

As of September 20, 2018, we had 63 holders of record of our common stock. The actual number of stockholders is greater than this number of record holders and includes stockholders who are beneficial owners but whose shares are held in street name by brokers and other nominees.

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DIVIDEND POLICY

We have never paid cash dividends on any of our capital stock and we currently intend to retain our future earnings, if any, to fund the development and growth of our business. We do not intend to pay cash dividends to holders of our common stock in the foreseeable future.

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CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets forth our cash and cash equivalents and capitalization as of June 30, 2018:

∎ on an actual basis; and

∎ on an as adjusted basis, giving effect to the sale of 8,200,000 shares of common stock by us in this offering for aggregate net proceeds of $41.8 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

	As of June 30, 2018
	Actual			As Adjusted
	($ in thousands, except share and per share data)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	41,647		$	83,430
Short-term marketable securities	$	0			0
Long term debt	$	3,063		$	3,063
Shareholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.001 par value per share; 150,000,000 authorized; 27,065,198 issued and outstanding, actual; 35,265,198 shares issued and outstanding, as adjusted		27			35
Additional paid-in-capital		144,975			186,750
Accumulated other comprehensive income		0			0
Accumulated deficit		(82,826	)		(82,826	)
Total shareholders’ equity		62,176			103,959
Total capitalization	$	65,239			107,022

The table above excludes:

∎ 4,347,148 shares issuable upon the exercise of options outstanding as of June 30, 2018 at a weighted average exercise price of $10.34 per share;

∎ 8,636 shares reserved for issuance under the Amended and Restated 2004 Employee Stock Purchase Plan as of June 30, 2018;

∎ 537,963 shares reserved for issuance under the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan as of June 30, 2018; and

∎ 3,521,735 shares issuable upon the exercise of warrants outstanding as of June 30, 2018.

In addition, the amounts in the table above assume no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase additional shares.

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DILUTION

If you invest in our common stock, your ownership interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the price per share you pay in this offering and the net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering. The net tangible book value of our common stock as of June 30, 2018 was approximately $35.6 million, or approximately $1.31 per share of common stock based upon 27,065,198 shares outstanding as of June 30, 2018. Net tangible book value per share is equal to our total tangible assets, less our total liabilities, divided by the total number of shares outstanding.

After giving effect to the sale by us of 8,200,000 shares of common stock at the public offering price of $5.50 per share, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our net tangible book value as of June 30, 2018 would have been approximately $77.3 million, or $2.19 per share of common stock. This amount represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $0.88 per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $3.31 per share to purchasers in this offering. The following table illustrates the dilution:

Public offering price per share			$	5.50
Net tangible book value per share as of June 30, 2018	$	1.31
Increase per share attributable to new investors	$	0.88
As adjusted net tangible book value per share as of June 30, 2018, after giving effect to this offering			$	2.19
Dilution per share to new investors purchasing shares in this offering			$	3.31

The number of shares of common stock expected to be outstanding after this offering and, unless otherwise indicated, the information in this prospectus supplement are based on 27,065,198 shares of common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2018, and excludes:

∎ 4,347,148 shares issuable upon the exercise of options outstanding as of June 30, 2018 at a weighted average exercise price of $10.34 per share;

∎ 8,636 shares reserved for issuance under the Amended and Restated 2004 Employee Stock Purchase Plan as of June 30, 2018;

∎ 537,963 shares reserved for issuance under the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan as of June 30, 2018; and

∎ 3,521,735 shares issuable upon the exercise of warrants outstanding as of June 30, 2018.

In addition, the amounts in the table above assume no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase additional shares.

If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase 1,230,000 shares of common stock in full, the as adjusted net tangible book value after this offering would be approximately $2.29 per share, representing an increase in net tangible book value of approximately $0.98 per share to existing stockholders and immediate dilution in net tangible book value of approximately $3.21 per share to investors purchasing our common stock in this offering at the public offering price.

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MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL TAX CONSIDERATIONS FOR NON-U.S. HOLDERS

The following discussion is a summary of the material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to non-U.S. holders (as defined below) with respect to their ownership and disposition of shares of our common stock issued pursuant to this offering. For purposes of this discussion, a non-U.S. holder means a beneficial owner of our common stock that is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

∎ a non-resident alien individual;

∎ a foreign corporation or any other foreign organization taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes;

∎ a foreign estate, the income of which is not subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis; or

∎ a trust, (A) that does not have a valid election in effect under applicable United States Treasury regulations to be treated as a United States Person, and (B) either (i) which is not subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States, or (ii) for which one or more United States persons do not have the authority to control all substantial decisions.

This discussion does not address the tax treatment of partnerships or other entities that are pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes or persons that hold their common stock through partnerships or other pass-through entities. A partner in a partnership or other pass-through entity that will hold our common stock should consult his, her or its own tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of acquiring, holding and disposing of our common stock through a partnership or other pass-through entity, as applicable.

This discussion is based on current provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, which we refer to as the Code, existing and proposed U.S. Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, current administrative rulings and judicial decisions, all as in effect as of the date of this prospectus and, all of which are subject to change or to differing interpretation, possibly with retroactive effect. Any such change or differing interpretation could alter the tax consequences to non-U.S. holders described in this prospectus. There can be no assurance that the Internal Revenue Service, which we refer to as the IRS, will not challenge one or more of the tax consequences described herein. We assume in this discussion that a non-U.S. holder holds shares of our common stock as a capital asset, generally held for investment purposes.

This discussion does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income that may be relevant to a particular non-U.S. holder in light of that non-U.S. holder’s individual circumstances nor does it address any aspects of any U.S. state, local or non-U.S. taxes, the alternative minimum tax, any tax considerations resulting from a non-U.S. holder having a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar, the Medicare tax on net investment income; or any other U.S. federal tax other than the income tax,. This discussion also does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a non-U.S. holder and does not address the special tax rules applicable to particular non-U.S. holders, such as:

∎ insurance companies;

∎ tax exempt or governmental organizations;

∎ tax exempt or governmental organizations;

∎ financial institutions;

∎ brokers or dealers in securities;

∎ regulated investment companies;

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∎ pension plans;

∎ “controlled foreign corporations,” “passive foreign investment companies,” and corporations that accumulate earnings to avoid U.S. federal income tax;

∎ “qualified foreign pension funds,” or entities wholly owned by a “qualified foreign pension fund”;

∎ persons deemed to sell our common stock under the constructive sale provisions of the Code;

∎ persons that hold our common stock as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion transaction, synthetic security or other integrated investment;

∎ persons who hold or receive our common stock pursuant to the exercise of any employee stock option or otherwise as compensation

∎ persons for whom our stock constitutes “qualified small business stock” within the meaning of Section 1202 of the Code; and

∎ certain U.S. expatriates.

This discussion is for general information only and is not tax advice. Accordingly, all prospective non-U.S. holders of our common stock should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our common stock.

Distributions on Our Common Stock

Distributions, if any, on our common stock generally will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. If a distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits, the excess will be treated as a tax-free return of the non-U.S. holder’s investment, up to such holder’s tax basis in the common stock. Any remaining excess will be treated as capital gain, subject to the tax treatment described below in “Gain on sale, exchange or other disposition of our common stock.” Any such distributions will also be subject to the discussion below under the section titled “Withholding and Information Reporting Requirements—FATCA.”

Subject to the discussion in the following two paragraphs in this section, dividends paid to a non-U.S. holder generally will be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and such holder’s country of residence.

Dividends that are treated as effectively connected with a trade or business conducted by a non-U.S. holder within the United States and, if an applicable income tax treaty so provides, that are attributable to a permanent establishment or a fixed base maintained by the non-U.S. holder within the United States, are generally exempt from the 30% withholding tax if the non-U.S. holder satisfies applicable certification and disclosure requirements. However, such U.S. effectively connected income, net of specified deductions and credits, is taxed at the same graduated U.S. federal income tax rates applicable to United States persons (as defined in the Code). Any U.S. effectively connected income received by a non-U.S. holder that is a corporation may also, under certain circumstances, be subject to an additional “branch profits tax” at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and such holder’s country of residence.

A non-U.S. holder of our common stock who claims the benefit of an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and such holder’s country of residence generally will be required to provide a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E (or successor form) and satisfy applicable certification and other requirements. Non-U.S. holders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding their entitlement to benefits under a relevant income tax treaty. A non-U.S. holder that is eligible for a reduced rate of U.S. withholding tax under an income tax treaty may obtain a refund or credit of any excess amounts withheld by timely filing a U.S. tax return with the IRS.

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Gain on Sale or Other Taxable Disposition of Our Common Stock

Subject to the discussion below under “Backup Withholding and Information Reporting” and “Withholding and Information Reporting Requirements—FATCA,” a non-U.S. holder generally will not be subject to any U.S. federal income or withholding tax on any gain realized upon such holder’s sale or other taxable disposition of shares of our common stock unless:

∎ the gain is effectively connected with the non-U.S. holder’s conduct of a U.S. trade or business and, if an applicable income tax treaty so provides, is attributable to a permanent establishment or a fixed-base maintained by such non-U.S. holder in the United States, in which case the non-U.S. holder generally will be taxed on a net income basis at the graduated U.S. federal income tax rates applicable to United States persons (as defined in the Code) and, if the non-U.S. holder is a foreign corporation, the branch profits tax described above in “Distributions on Our Common Stock” also may apply;

∎ the non-U.S. holder is a nonresident alien individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of the disposition and certain other conditions are met, in which case the non-U.S. holder will be subject to a 30% tax (or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and such holder’s country of residence) on the net gain derived from the disposition, which may be offset by certain U.S. source capital losses of the non-U.S. holder, if any (even though the individual is not considered a resident of the United States), provided that the non-U.S. holder has timely filed U.S. federal income tax returns with respect to such losses; or

∎ we are, or have been, at any time during the five-year period preceding such sale or other taxable disposition (or the non-U.S. holder’s holding period, if shorter) a “U.S. real property holding corporation,” unless our common stock is regularly traded on an established securities market and the non-U.S. holder holds no more than 5% of our outstanding common stock, directly or indirectly, actually or constructively, during the shorter of the 5-year period ending on the date of the disposition or the period that the non-U.S. holder held our common stock. If we are determined to be a U.S. real property holding corporation and the foregoing exception does not apply, then a purchaser may generally withhold 15% of the proceeds payable to a non-U.S. holder from a sale of our common stock and the non-U.S. holder generally will be taxed on its net gain derived from the disposition at the graduated U.S. federal income tax rates applicable to United States persons (as defined in the Code). Generally, a corporation is a U.S. real property holding corporation only if the fair market value of its U.S. real property interests equals or exceeds 50% of the sum of the fair market value of its worldwide real property interests plus its other assets used or held for use in a trade or business. Although there can be no assurance, we do not believe that we are, or have been, a U.S. real property holding corporation, or that we are likely to become one in the future. No assurance can be provided that our common stock will be regularly traded on an established securities market for purposes of the rules described above.

Backup Withholding and Information Reporting

We must report annually to the IRS and to each non-U.S. holder the gross amount of the distributions on our common stock paid to such holder and the tax withheld, if any, with respect to such distributions. Non-U.S. holders may have to comply with specific certification procedures to establish that the holder is not a United States person (as defined in the Code) in order to avoid backup withholding at the applicable rate, currently 24%, with respect to dividends on our common stock. Dividends paid to non-U.S. holders subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax, as described above in “Distributions on Our Common Stock,” generally will be exempt from U.S. backup withholding.

Information reporting and backup withholding will generally apply to the proceeds of a disposition of our common stock by a non-U.S. holder effected by or through the U.S. office of any broker, U.S. or

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foreign, unless the holder certifies its status as a non-U.S. holder and satisfies certain other requirements, or otherwise establishes an exemption. Generally, information reporting and backup withholding will not apply to a payment of disposition proceeds to a non-U.S. holder where the transaction is effected outside the United States through a non-U.S. office of a broker. However, for information reporting purposes, dispositions effected through a non-U.S. office of a broker with substantial U.S. ownership or operations generally will be treated in a manner similar to dispositions effected through a U.S. office of a broker. Non-U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the application of the information reporting and backup withholding rules to them. Copies of information returns may be made available to the tax authorities of the country in which the non-U.S. holder resides or is incorporated under the provisions of a specific treaty or agreement. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules from a payment to a non-U.S. holder can be refunded or credited against the non-U.S. holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, provided that an appropriate claim is filed with the IRS in a timely manner.

Withholding and Information Reporting Requirements—FATCA

The Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, or FATCA, generally imposes a U.S. federal withholding tax at a rate of 30% on payments of dividends on, or gross proceeds from the sale or other disposition of, our common stock paid to a foreign entity unless (i) if the foreign entity is a “foreign financial institution,” such foreign entity undertakes certain due diligence, reporting, withholding, and certification obligations, (ii) if the foreign entity is not a “foreign financial institution,” such foreign entity identifies certain of its U.S. investors, if any, or (iii) the foreign entity is otherwise exempt under FATCA. Under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations, withholding under FATCA currently applies to payments of dividends on our common stock, but will also apply to payments of gross proceeds from a sale or other disposition of our common stock made after December 31, 2018. Under certain circumstances, a non-U.S. holder may be eligible for refunds or credits of this withholding tax. An intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country may modify the requirements described in this paragraph. Non-U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the possible implications of this legislation on their investment in our common stock and the entities through which they hold our common stock, including, without limitation, the process and deadlines for meeting the applicable requirements to prevent the imposition of the 30% withholding tax under FATCA.

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UNDERWRITING

We and the underwriters for the offering named below have entered into an underwriting agreement with respect to the common stock being offered. Subject to the terms and conditions of the underwriting agreement, each underwriter has severally agreed to purchase from us the number of shares of our common stock set forth opposite its name below. Cowen and Company, LLC and Evercore Group L.L.C. are acting as the representatives of the underwriters.

Underwriter	Number of Shares
Cowen and Company, LLC		3,485,000
Evercore Group L.L.C.		2,665,000
UBS Securities LLC		1,845,000
Laidlaw & Company (UK) Ltd.		205,000
Total		8,200,000

The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the underwriters are subject to certain conditions precedent and that the underwriters have agreed, severally and not jointly, to purchase all of the shares sold under the underwriting agreement if any of these shares are purchased, other than those shares covered by the overallotment option described below. If an underwriter defaults, the underwriting agreement provides that the purchase commitments of the non-defaulting underwriters may be increased or the underwriting agreement may be terminated.

We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against specified liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, and to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make in respect thereof.

The underwriters are offering the shares, subject to prior sale, when, as and if issued to and accepted by them, subject to approval of legal matters by their counsel and other conditions specified in the underwriting agreement. The underwriters reserve the right to withdraw, cancel or modify offers to the public and to reject orders in whole or in part.

Overallotment Option to Purchase Additional Shares.     We have granted to the underwriters an option to purchase up to 1,230,000 additional shares of common stock at the public offering price, less the underwriting discount. This option is exercisable for a period of 30 days. The underwriters may exercise this option solely for the purpose of covering overallotments, if any, made in connection with the sale of common stock offered hereby. To the extent that the underwriters exercise this option, the underwriters will purchase additional shares from us in approximately the same proportion as shown in the table above.

Discounts and Commissions.     The following table shows the public offering price, underwriting discount and proceeds, before expenses to us. These amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares.

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We estimate that the total expenses of the offering, excluding the underwriting discount, will be approximately $611,000, which includes a financial advisory fee of $250,000 that we will pay to Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc., upon the closing of this offering. We also have agreed to reimburse the underwriters for up to $30,000 for certain of their expenses in connection with this offering.

	Total
	Per Share		Without Over- Allotment		With Over - Allotment
Public offering price	$	5.50	$	45,100,000	$	51,865,000
Underwriting discount	$	0.33	$	2,706,000	$	3,111,900
Proceeds, before expenses, to us	$	5.17	$	42,394,000	$	48,753,100

The underwriters propose to offer the shares of common stock to the public at the public offering price set forth on the cover of this prospectus. The underwriters may offer the shares of common stock to securities dealers at the public offering price less a concession not in excess of $0.1980 per share. If all of the shares are not sold at the public offering price, the underwriters may change the offering price and other selling terms.

Discretionary Accounts.    The underwriters do not intend to confirm sales of the shares to any accounts over which they have discretionary authority.

Stabilization.    In connection with this offering, the underwriters may engage in stabilizing transactions, overallotment transactions, syndicate covering transactions, penalty bids and purchases to cover positions created by short sales.

∎ Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase shares of common stock so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum, and are engaged in for the purpose of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the common stock while the offering is in progress.

∎ Overallotment transactions involve sales by the underwriters of shares of common stock in excess of the number of shares the underwriters are obligated to purchase. This creates a syndicate short position which may be either a covered short position or a naked short position. In a covered short position, the number of shares over-allotted by the underwriters is not greater than the number of shares that they may purchase in the overallotment option. In a naked short position, the number of shares involved is greater than the number of shares in the overallotment option. The underwriters may close out any short position by exercising their overallotment option and/or purchasing shares in the open market.

∎ Syndicate covering transactions involve purchases of common stock in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover syndicate short positions. In determining the source of shares to close out the short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market as compared with the price at which they may purchase shares through exercise of the overallotment option. If the underwriters sell more shares than could be covered by exercise of the overallotment option and, therefore, have a naked short position, the position can be closed out only by buying shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that after pricing there could be downward pressure on the price of the shares in the open market that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering.

∎ Penalty bids permit the representatives to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member when the common stock originally sold by that syndicate member is purchased in stabilizing or syndicate covering transactions to cover syndicate short positions.

These stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our common stock or preventing or retarding a

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decline in the market price of our common stock. As a result, the price of our common stock in the open market may be higher than it would otherwise be in the absence of these transactions. Neither we nor the underwriters make any representation or prediction as to the effect that the transactions described above may have on the price of our common stock. These transactions may be effected on the Nasdaq Stock Market, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.

Passive Market Making.    In connection with this offering, underwriters and selling group members may engage in passive market making transactions in our common stock on the Nasdaq Stock Market in accordance with Rule 103 of Regulation M under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, during a period before the commencement of offers or sales of common stock and extending through the completion of the distribution. A passive market maker must display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid of that security. However, if all independent bids are lowered below the passive market maker’s bid, such bid must then be lowered when specified purchase limits are exceeded.

Lock-Up Agreements.    Pursuant to certain ‘‘lock-up’’ agreements, we and our executive officers, directors and certain of our other stockholders, have agreed, subject to certain exceptions, not to offer, sell, assign, transfer, pledge, contract to sell, or otherwise dispose of or announce the intention to otherwise dispose of, or enter into any swap, hedge or similar agreement or arrangement that transfers, in whole or in part, the economic consequence of ownership of, directly or indirectly, or make any demand or request or exercise any right with respect to the registration of, or file with the SEC a registration statement under the Securities Act relating to, any common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any common stock without the prior written consent of Cowen and Company, LLC and Evercore Group L.L.C., for a period of 90 days after the date of the pricing of the offering.

This lock-up provision applies to common stock and to securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for common stock. The exceptions permit us, among other things and subject to restrictions, to: (a) issue common stock or options pursuant to employee benefit plans, (b) issue common stock upon exercise of outstanding options or warrants, (c) issue common stock in connection with certain strategic transactions, and (d) file a registration statement on Form S-3, provided that no securities are issued pursuant to such registration statement during the lock-up period. The exceptions permit parties to the ‘‘lock-up’’ agreements, among other things and subject to restrictions, to: (a) make certain gifts, (b) if the party is a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other business entity, make transfers to any shareholders, partners, members of, or owners of similar equity interests in, the party, or to an affiliate of the party, if such transfer is not for value, and (c) if the party is a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other business entity, make transfers in connection with the sale or transfer of all of the party’s capital stock, partnership interests, membership interests or other similar equity interests, as the case may be, or all or substantially all of the party’s assets, in any such case not undertaken for the purpose of avoiding the restrictions imposed by the “lock-up” agreement. In addition, the lock-up provision will not restrict broker-dealers from engaging in market making and similar activities conducted in the ordinary course of their business.

Cowen and Company, LLC and Evercore Group L.L.C., in their sole discretion, may release our common stock and other securities subject to the lock-up agreements described above in whole or in part at any time. When determining whether or not to release our common stock and other securities from lock-up agreements, Cowen and Company, LLC and Evercore Group L.L.C. will consider, among other factors, the holder’s reasons for requesting the release, the number of shares for which the release is being requested and market conditions at the time of the request.

Canada.    The common stock may be sold only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients,

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as defined in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations. Any resale of the common stock must be made in accordance with an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus requirements of applicable securities laws.

Securities legislation in certain provinces or territories of Canada may provide a purchaser with remedies for rescission or damages if this prospectus supplement (including any amendment thereto) contains a misrepresentation, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory for particulars of these rights or consult with a legal advisor.

Pursuant to section 3A.3 of National Instrument 33-105 Underwriting Conflicts (NI 33-105), the underwriters are not required to comply with the disclosure requirements of NI 33-105 regarding underwriter conflicts of interest in connection with this offering.

United Kingdom.    Each of the underwriters has represented and agreed that:

∎ it has not made or will not make an offer of the securities to the public in the United Kingdom within the meaning of section 102B of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (as amended) (FSMA) except to legal entities which are authorized or regulated to operate in the financial markets or, if not so authorized or regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities or otherwise in circumstances which do not require the publication by us of a prospectus pursuant to the Prospectus Rules of the Financial Services Authority (FSA);

∎ it has only communicated or caused to be communicated and will only communicate or cause to be communicated an invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of section 21 of FSMA) to persons who have professional experience in matters relating to investments falling within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005 or in circumstances in which section 21 of FSMA does not apply to us; and

∎ it has complied with and will comply with all applicable provisions of FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to the securities in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom.

Switzerland.    The securities will not be offered, directly or indirectly, to the public in Switzerland and this prospectus does not constitute a public offering prospectus as that term is understood pursuant to article 652a or 1156 of the Swiss Federal Code of Obligations.

European Economic Area.    In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area (the “EEA”) which has implemented the European Prospectus Directive (each, a “Relevant Member State”), an offer of our shares may not be made to the public in a Relevant Member State other than:

∎ to any legal entity which is a qualified investor, as defined in the European Prospectus Directive;

∎ to fewer 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined in the European Prospectus Directive), subject to obtaining the prior consent of the relevant dealer or dealers nominated by us for any such offer, or;

∎ in any other circumstances falling within Article 3(2) of the European Prospectus Directive,

provided that no such offer of our shares shall require us or any underwriter to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the European Prospectus Directive or supplement prospectus pursuant to

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Article 16 of the European Prospectus Directive and each person who initially acquires any shares or to whom any offer is made will be deemed to have represented, acknowledged and agreed to and with each of the underwriters and with us that it is a “qualified investor” within the meaning of the law in that Relevant Member State implementing Article 2(1)(e) of the European Prospectus Directive.

In the case of any shares being offered to a financial intermediary as that term is used in Article 3(2) of the European Prospectus Directive, each such financial intermediary will be deemed to have represented, acknowledged and agreed that the shares acquired by it in the offer have not been acquired on a non-discretionary basis on behalf of, nor have they been acquired with a view to their offer or resale to, persons in circumstances which may give rise to an offer or any shares to the public other than their offer or resale in a Relevant Member State to qualified investors as so defined or in circumstances in which the prior consent of the representatives has been obtained to each such proposed offer or resale.

For the purposes of this description, the expression an “offer to the public” in relation to the securities in any Relevant Member State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the securities to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for the securities, as the expression may be varied in that Relevant Member State by any measure implementing the European Prospectus Directive in that member state, and the expression “European Prospectus Directive’’ means Directive 2003/71/EC (and amendments hereto, including the 2010 PD Amending Directive, to the extent implemented in the Relevant Member State) and includes any relevant implementing measure in each Relevant Member State. The expression 2010 PD Amending Directive means Directive 2010/73/EU.

Israel.    In the State of Israel this prospectus shall not be regarded as an offer to the public to purchase shares of common stock under the Israeli Securities Law, 5728—1968, which requires a prospectus to be published and authorized by the Israel Securities Authority, if it complies with certain provisions of Section 15 of the Israeli Securities Law, 5728—1968, including, inter alia, if: (i) the offer is made, distributed or directed to not more than 35 investors, subject to certain conditions (the “Addressed Investors”); or (ii) the offer is made, distributed or directed to certain qualified investors defined in the First Addendum of the Israeli Securities Law, 5728—1968, subject to certain conditions (the “Qualified Investors”). The Qualified Investors shall not be taken into account in the count of the Addressed Investors and may be offered to purchase securities in addition to the 35 Addressed Investors. The company has not and will not take any action that would require it to publish a prospectus in accordance with and subject to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728—1968. We have not and will not distribute this prospectus or make, distribute or direct an offer to subscribe for our common stock to any person within the State of Israel, other than to Qualified Investors and up to 35 Addressed Investors.

Qualified Investors may have to submit written evidence that they meet the definitions set out in of the First Addendum to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728—1968. In particular, we may request, as a condition to be offered common stock, that Qualified Investors will each represent, warrant and certify to us and/or to anyone acting on our behalf: (i) that it is an investor falling within one of the categories listed in the First Addendum to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728—1968; (ii) which of the categories listed in the First Addendum to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728—1968 regarding Qualified Investors is applicable to it; (iii) that it will abide by all provisions set forth in the Israeli Securities Law, 5728—1968 and the regulations promulgated thereunder in connection with the offer to be issued common stock; (iv) that the shares of common stock that it will be issued are, subject to exemptions available under the Israeli Securities Law, 5728—1968: (a) for its own account; (b) for investment purposes only; and (c) not issued with a view to resale within the State of Israel, other than in accordance with the provisions of the Israeli Securities Law, 5728—1968; and (v) that it is willing to provide further evidence of its Qualified Investor status. Addressed Investors may have to submit written evidence in respect of

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their identity and may have to sign and submit a declaration containing, inter alia, the Addressed Investor’s name, address and passport number or Israeli identification number.

We have not authorized and do not authorize the making of any offer of securities through any financial intermediary on our behalf, other than offers made by the underwriters and their respective affiliates, with a view to the final placement of the securities as contemplated in this document. Accordingly, no purchaser of the shares, other than the underwriters, is authorized to make any further offer of shares on our behalf or on behalf of the underwriters.

Electronic Offer, Sale and Distribution of Shares.    A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on the websites maintained by one or more of the underwriters or selling group members, if any, participating in this offering and one or more of the underwriters participating in this offering may distribute prospectuses electronically. The representatives may agree to allocate a number of shares to underwriters and selling group members for sale to their online brokerage account holders. Internet distributions will be allocated by the underwriters and selling group members that will make internet distributions on the same basis as other allocations. Other than the prospectus in electronic format, the information on these websites is not part of this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, has not been approved or endorsed by us or any underwriter in its capacity as underwriter, and should not be relied upon by investors.

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LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the common stock being offered hereby will be passed upon by Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C., Boston, Massachusetts. Goodwin Procter LLP, New York, New York is acting as counsel for the underwriters in connection with certain legal matters related to this offering.

EXPERTS

Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, as set forth in their report, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement. Our financial statements are incorporated by reference in reliance on Ernst & Young LLP’s report, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

The financial statements as of December 31, 2016 and for the year then ended incorporated by reference in this Prospectus have been so included in reliance on the report of BDO USA, LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm (the report on the financial statements contains an explanatory paragraph regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern) incorporated by reference herein, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act with respect to the common stock we are offering under this prospectus supplement and accompanying prospectus. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus do not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and the exhibits to the registration statement. For further information with respect to us and the securities we are offering under this prospectus supplement, we refer you to the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules filed as a part of the registration statement. We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. You may read and copy the registration statement, as well as any other document filed by us with the SEC, at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. You can also request copies of these documents by writing to the SEC and paying a fee for the copying cost. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at (800) SEC-0330. The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC, including us. The address of the SEC website is www.sec.gov. Additionally, you may access our filings with the SEC through our website at www.mtem.com. The information on our website is not part of this prospectus supplement.

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” information that we file with them. Incorporation by reference allows us to disclose important information to you by referring you to those other documents. The information incorporated by reference is an important part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, and information that we file later with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. We filed a registration statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with the SEC with respect to the securities being

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offered pursuant to this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus omit certain information contained in the registration statement, as permitted by the SEC. You should refer to the registration statement, including the exhibits, for further information about us and the securities being offered pursuant to this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Statements in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus regarding the provisions of certain documents filed with, or incorporated by reference in, the registration statement are not necessarily complete and each statement is qualified in all respects by that reference. Copies of all or any part of the registration statement, including the document incorporated by reference or the exhibits, may be obtained upon payment of the prescribed rates at the offices of the SEC listed above in “Where You Can Find Additional Information.” The documents we are incorporating by reference are:

∎ our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, filed with the SEC on March 30, 2018;

∎ the information specifically incorporated by reference into our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 from our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on April 30, 2018;

∎ our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended (i) March 31, 2018 filed with the SEC on May 14, 2018 and (ii) June 30, 2018, filed with the SEC on August 9, 2018;

∎ our Current Reports on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on January 5, 2018, March 2, 2018, March 15, 2018, May 16, 2018, June 1, 2018, June 4, 2018, June 21, 2018, June 22, 2018, and September 19, 2018 (in each case, except for information contained therein which is furnished rather than filed); and

∎ the description of our common stock contained in our registration statement on Form 8-A as filed with the SEC on August 9, 2006, as updated or amended in any amendment or report filed for such purpose.

We undertake to provide without charge to each person (including any beneficial owner) who receives a copy of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, upon written or oral request, a copy of all of the preceding documents that are incorporated by reference (other than exhibits, unless the exhibits are specifically incorporated by reference into these documents). You may request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the following address or telephone number: 9301 Amberglen Boulevard, Suite 100, Austin, Texas 78729, telephone number (512) 869-1555.

In accordance with Rule 412 of the Securities Act, any statement contained in a document incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed modified or superseded to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement.

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$200,000,000

Common Stock

Preferred Stock

Debt Securities

Warrants

From time to time, we may offer and sell up to $200,000,000 of any combination of the securities described in this prospectus, either individually or in combination with other securities. We may also offer common stock or preferred stock upon conversion of debt securities, common stock upon conversion of preferred stock, or common stock, preferred stock or debt securities upon the exercise of warrants.

We will provide the specific terms of these offerings and securities in one or more supplements to this prospectus. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you in connection with these offerings. The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should carefully read this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, as well as the documents incorporated by reference, before buying any of the securities being offered.

Our common stock is listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market under the trading symbol “THLD.” On October 30, 2015, the last reported sale price of our common stock was $3.81 per share. The applicable prospectus supplement will contain information, where applicable, as to other listings, if any, on The NASDAQ Capital Market or other securities exchange of the securities covered by the applicable prospectus supplement.

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and in any free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, and under similar headings in the documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

This prospectus may not be used to consummate a sale of securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

The securities may be sold directly by us to investors, through agents designated from time to time or to or through underwriters or dealers, on a continuous or delayed basis. For additional information on the methods of sale, you should refer to the section entitled “Plan of Distribution” in this prospectus. If any agents or underwriters are involved in the sale of any securities with respect to which this prospectus is being delivered, the names of such agents or underwriters and any applicable fees, commissions, discounts and over-allotment options will be set forth in a prospectus supplement. The price to the public of such securities and the net proceeds we expect to receive from such sale will also be set forth in a prospectus supplement.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The date of this prospectus is November 18, 2015.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS	ii
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY	1
RISK FACTORS	5
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS	5
FINANCIAL RATIOS	6
USE OF PROCEEDS	7
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK	8
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES	15
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS	22
LEGAL OWNERSHIP OF SECURITIES	25
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION	29
LEGAL MATTERS	31
EXPERTS	31
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION	31
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE	31

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, utilizing a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may offer and sell shares of our common stock and preferred stock, various series of debt securities and/or warrants to purchase any of such securities, either individually or in combination with other securities, in one or more offerings, up to a total dollar amount of $200,000,000. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer.

Each time we offer securities under this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain more specific information about the terms of that offering. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you that may contain material information relating to these offerings. The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you may also add, update or change any of the information contained in this prospectus or in the documents that we have incorporated by reference into this prospectus. We urge you to read carefully this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement and any free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, together with the information incorporated herein by reference as described under the heading “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference,” before buying any of the securities being offered.

This prospectus may not be used to consummate a sale of securities unless it is accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

You should rely only on the information contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, along with the information contained in any free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different or additional information. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the securities offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so.

The information appearing in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the front of the document and any information we have incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of the document incorporated by reference, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus, or any sale of a security. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

This prospectus contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described herein, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been filed, will be filed or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described below under the section entitled “Where You Can Find More Information.”

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PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere in this prospectus or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and does not contain all of the information that you need to consider in making your investment decision. You should carefully read the entire prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, including the risks of investing in our securities discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus. You should also carefully read the information incorporated by reference into this prospectus, including our financial statements, and the exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.

Threshold Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Overview

We are a biotechnology company using our expertise in the tumor microenvironment to discover and develop therapeutic agents that selectively target tumor cells for the treatment of patients living with cancer. Our lead investigational small molecule, evofosfamide (formerly referred to as TH-302), is being evaluated in two pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials, one registrational Phase 2 clinical trial and multiple earlier-stage clinical trials. We have a global license and co-development agreement for evofosfamide with Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, with an option to co-commercialize in the United States.

Evofosfamide was discovered by our scientists based on our hypoxia-targeted therapeutics prodrug technology. Hypoxia, or abnormally low oxygen concentration, is a common feature of the tumor microenvironment in most solid tumors and in the bone marrow of patients with hematological malignancies (also known as cancers of the bone marrow, for example, leukemias and multiple myeloma). Tumor hypoxia is associated with the development of resistance to traditional anticancer treatments, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, enhanced metastatic potential, and ultimately treatment failure. We believe that by virtue of targeting tumor hypoxia, evofosfamide may have broad clinical applicability across many types of solid tumors and some hematological malignancies. To explore this broad therapeutic potential of evofosfamide, we are conducting multiple clinical trials to evaluate its safety and efficacy in solid tumors and hematological malignancies in combination with currently marketed anticancer drugs, including traditional chemotherapeutic agents and antiangiogenic agents, and as monotherapy for certain cancers.

We are also engaged in the development of tarloxotinib bromide (proposed International Nonproprietary Name), or tarloxotinib (formerly referred to as TH-4000 or PR610), a hypoxia-activated, irreversible epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor licensed from the University of Auckland. Tarloxotinib is designed to selectively release a potent, irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor in hypoxic tumors.

We have devoted substantially all of our resources to the research and development of our product candidates. We have not generated any revenue from the commercial sales of our product candidates since our inception and do not expect to generate any revenue from the commercial sales of our product candidates in the immediate term. We expect to continue to devote substantial resources to research and development in future periods as we complete our current clinical trials, start additional clinical trials under our collaboration with Merck KGaA and on our own, to support our discovery efforts and to potentially in-license or otherwise acquire and develop additional products or programs.

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Company Information

We were incorporated in Delaware on October 17, 2001. Our principal executive offices are located at 170 Harbor Way Suite 300, South San Francisco 94080. Our telephone number is (650) 474-8200. Our website is located at www.thresholdpharm.com. Information found on, or accessible through, our website is not a part of, and is not incorporated into, this prospectus, and you should not consider it part of this prospectus or part of any prospectus supplement. Our website address is included in this document as an inactive textual reference only.

“Threshold,” “Threshold Pharmaceuticals,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Threshold Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Threshold Pharmaceuticals, Inc., our logo, and Metabolic Targeting are our trademarks. Other trademarks, trade names and service marks included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement are the property of their respective owners.

The Securities We May Offer

We may offer shares of our common stock and preferred stock, various series of debt securities and/or warrants to purchase any of such securities, either individually or in combination with other securities, with a total value of up to $200,000,000 from time to time under this prospectus, together with the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, at prices and on terms to be determined by market conditions at the time of any offering. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we offer a type or series of securities under this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will describe the specific amounts, prices and other important terms of the securities, including, to the extent applicable:

∎ designation or classification;

∎ aggregate principal amount or aggregate offering price;

∎ maturity date, if applicable;

∎ original issue discount, if any;

∎ rates and times of payment of interest or dividends, if any;

∎ redemption, conversion, exercise, exchange or sinking fund terms, if any;

∎ ranking;

∎ restrictive covenants, if any;

∎ voting or other rights, if any;

∎ conversion or exchange prices or rates, if any, and, if applicable, any provisions for changes to or adjustments in the conversion or exchange prices or rates and in the securities or other property receivable upon conversion or exchange; and

∎ material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations, if any.

The applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you may also add, update or change any of the information contained in this prospectus or in the documents we have incorporated by reference. However, no prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus will offer a security that is not registered and described in this prospectus at the time of the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.

THIS PROSPECTUS MAY NOT BE USED TO CONSUMMATE A SALE OF SECURITIES UNLESS IT IS ACCOMPANIED BY A PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT.

We may sell the securities directly to investors or to or through agents, underwriters or dealers. We, and our agents or underwriters, reserve the right to accept or reject all or part of any proposed

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purchase of securities. If we do offer securities to or through agents or underwriters, we will include in the applicable prospectus supplement:

∎ the names of those agents or underwriters;

∎ applicable fees, discounts and commissions to be paid to them;

∎ details regarding over-allotment options, if any; and

∎ the net proceeds to us.

Common Stock.    We may issue shares of our common stock from time to time. Each holder of our common stock is entitled to one vote for each share on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, except matters that relate only to one or more of the series of our preferred stock, and no holder has cumulative voting rights. Accordingly, the holders of a majority of the shares of common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors can elect all of the directors standing for election, if they so choose. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any then outstanding preferred stock, holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably those dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by the board of directors out of legally available funds. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of common stock will be entitled to share ratably in the net assets legally available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all of our debts and other liabilities and the satisfaction of any liquidation preference granted to the holders of any outstanding shares of preferred stock. Holders of common stock have no preemptive or conversion rights or other subscription rights, and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. When we issue shares of common stock under this prospectus, the shares will be fully paid and nonassessable. The rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock which we may designate in the future. In this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the common stock under “Description of Capital Stock—Common Stock.” We urge you, however, to read the applicable prospectus supplement (and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) related to any common stock being offered.

Preferred Stock.    We may issue shares of our preferred stock from time to time, in one or more series. Under our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our board of directors has the authority to designate up to 2,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the rights, preferences and privileges of each series of preferred stock, any or all of which may be greater than the rights of the common stock. Our board of directors has previously designated 200,000 of the 2,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock as Series A Participating Preferred stock (see “Description of Capital Stock—Preferred Shares Rights Agreement; Series A Participating Preferred Stock”). We are not offering any of the previously designated series of preferred stock under this prospectus. If we sell any new series of preferred stock under this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, our board of directors will determine the rights, preferences and privileges of the preferred stock being offered, as well as the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, preemptive rights, terms of redemption or repurchase, liquidation preferences, sinking fund terms and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of any series. Preferred stock may be convertible into our common stock or other securities of ours, or may be exchangeable for debt securities. Conversion may be mandatory or at the holder’s option and would be at prescribed conversion rates. We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of the certificate of designation that describes the terms of the series of preferred stock that we are offering before the issuance of the related series of preferred stock. In this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the preferred stock under “Description of Capital Stock—Preferred Stock.” We urge you, however, to read the applicable

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prospectus supplement (and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) related to the series of preferred stock being offered, as well as the complete certificate of designation that contains the terms of the applicable series of preferred stock.

Debt Securities.    We may issue debt securities from time to time, in one or more series, as either senior or subordinated debt or as senior or subordinated convertible debt. The senior debt securities will rank equally with any other unsecured and unsubordinated debt. The subordinated debt securities will be subordinate and junior in right of payment, to the extent and in the manner described in the instrument governing the debt, to all of our senior indebtedness. Convertible debt securities will be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock or our other securities. Conversion may be mandatory or at the holder’s option and would be at prescribed conversion rates.

The debt securities will be issued under an indenture that we will enter into with a national banking association or other eligible party, as trustee. In this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the debt securities under “Description of Debt Securities.” We urge you, however, to read the applicable prospectus supplement (and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) related to the series of debt securities being offered, as well as the complete indenture and any supplemental indentures that contain the terms of the debt securities. We have filed the form of indenture as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and supplemental indentures and forms of debt securities containing the terms of the debt securities being offered will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part or will be incorporated by reference from reports that we file with the SEC.

Warrants.    We may issue warrants for the purchase of common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities in one or more series. We may issue warrants independently or in combination with common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities. In this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the warrants under “Description of Warrants.” We urge you, however, to read the applicable prospectus supplement (and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) related to the particular series of warrants being offered, as well as the form of warrant and/or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, that contain the terms of the warrants. We have filed the forms of the warrant agreements and forms of warrant certificates containing the terms of the warrants that we may offer as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of warrant and/or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, that contain the terms of the particular series of warrants we are offering, and any supplemental agreements, before the issuance of such warrants.

Warrants may be issued under a warrant agreement that we enter into with a warrant agent. We will indicate the name and address of the warrant agent, if any, in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of warrants.

Use of Proceeds

Except as described in any applicable prospectus supplement or in any free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, we currently intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, if any, for working capital and general corporate purposes, including research and development expenses, general and administrative expenses and manufacturing expenses. See “Use of Proceeds” on page 7 of this prospectus.

NASDAQ Capital Market Listing

Our common stock is listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “THLD.”

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RISK FACTORS

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before deciding whether to invest in our securities, you should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and discussed under the section entitled “Risk Factors” contained in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K and in our most recent quarterly report on Form 10-Q, as well as any amendments thereto reflected in subsequent filings with the SEC, which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus in their entirety, together with other information in this prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference and any free writing prospectus that we may authorize for use in connection with a specific offering. The risks described in these documents are not the only ones we face, but those that we consider to be material. There may be other unknown or unpredictable economic, business, competitive, regulatory or other factors that could have material adverse effects on our future results. Past financial performance may not be a reliable indicator of future performance, and historical trends should not be used to anticipate results or trends in future periods. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flow could be seriously harmed. This could cause the trading price of our securities to decline, resulting in a loss of all or part of your investment. Please also carefully read the section below entitled “Forward-Looking Statements.”

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus and the documents we have filed with the SEC that are incorporated by reference contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. These statements relate to future events or to our future operating or financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performances or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements may include, but are not limited to, statements about:

∎ the clinical development of evofosfamide and tarloxotinib, and their expected uses and benefits;

∎ anticipated clinical developmental events for evofosfamide and tarloxotinib, including the timing of the commencement, conduct and completion of clinical trials for evofosfamide and tarloxotinib, and the timing of any efficacy and/or safety analyses from ongoing trials;

∎ anticipated milestone payments from Merck KGaA;

∎ the success of any clinical trials that we and/or Merck KGaA commence;

∎ our and Merck KGaA’s potential receipt of regulatory approvals, and our and Merck KGaA’s satisfaction of ongoing regulatory review;

∎ our and Merck KGaA’s ability to timely develop a viable commercial formulation of evofosfamide;

∎ whether any product candidates that we and/or Merck KGaA are able to commercialize are safer or more effective than other marketed products, treatments or therapies;

∎ uncertainties associated with obtaining and enforcing patents and other intellectual property rights;

∎ the costs and timing of obtaining drug supply for our pre-clinical and clinical activities;

∎ anticipated expenses, including clinical trial, research and development and personnel costs;

∎ the anticipated sufficiency of our cash resources and our need for additional capital;

∎ our projected financial performance;

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∎ the clinical development of [18-F]-HX4 and its expected uses and benefits; and

∎ our intended use of the net proceeds from offerings of our securities under this prospectus.

In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts,” “projects,” “should,” “would,” “will” and similar expressions intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements reflect our current views with respect to future events, are based on assumptions and are subject to risks and uncertainties. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. We discuss in greater detail, and incorporate by reference into this prospectus in their entirety, many of these risks and uncertainties under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in the applicable prospectus supplement, in any free writing prospectus we may authorize for use in connection with a specific offering, and in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K and in our most recent quarterly report on Form 10-Q, as well as any amendments thereto reflected in subsequent filings with the SEC. Also, these forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date of the document containing the applicable statement. Unless required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect new information or future events or developments. Thus, you should not assume that our silence over time means that actual events are bearing out as expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements. You should read this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement, together with the documents we have filed with the SEC that are incorporated by reference and any free writing prospectus we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We qualify all of the forward-looking statements in the foregoing documents by these cautionary statements.

FINANCIAL RATIOS

The following table sets forth our ratio of earnings to fixed charges. We have not included a ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred stock dividends because we do not have any preferred stock outstanding and did not have any preferred stock outstanding during any of the periods presented. Our net losses were inadequate to cover fixed charges for each of the periods presented. Because of these deficiencies, ratio information is not applicable.

	Year Ended December 31,															Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
	2010			2011			2012			2013			2014
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges(1)		N/A	(2)		N/A	(2)		N/A	(2)		N/A	(2)		N/A	(2)		N/A	(2)

(1) The ratio of earnings to fixed charges was computed by dividing earnings by fixed charges. For this purpose, earnings consist of net loss before fixed charges. Fixed charges consist of interest expense and estimated interest component of rent expense.

(2) Earnings were insufficient to cover fixed charges for each of the periods presented. The amount of the coverage deficiency was $18.7 million, $25.7 million, $71.1 million, $28.2 million and $21.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively, and $25.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

Except as described in any applicable prospectus supplement or in any free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, we currently intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of securities under this prospectus, if any, for working capital and general corporate purposes, including research and development expenses, general and administrative expenses and manufacturing expenses.

The amounts and timing of our use of the net proceeds from any offerings hereunder will depend on a number of factors, such as the timing and progress of our clinical trials and research and development efforts, the timing and progress of any partnering efforts, technological advances and the competitive environment for our product candidates . As of the date of this prospectus, we cannot specify with certainty all of the particular uses for the net proceeds to us from offerings hereunder. Accordingly, our management will have broad discretion in the timing and application of these proceeds. Pending application of the net proceeds as described above, we intend to temporarily invest the proceeds in short-term, interest-bearing instruments.

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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

As of the date of this prospectus, our authorized capital stock consists of 150,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 2,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share. As of September 30, 2015, there were 71,431,059 shares of common stock issued and outstanding and no shares of preferred stock issued and outstanding .

The following summary description of our capital stock is based on the provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, as amended, our amended and restated bylaws, the applicable provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law and the agreements described below. This information may not be complete in all respects and is qualified entirely by reference to the provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our amended and restated bylaws, the Delaware General Corporation Law and such agreements. For information on how to obtain copies of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our amended and restated bylaws and such agreements, which are exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, see “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference.”

Common Stock

Each holder of common stock is entitled to one vote for each share on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, except matters that relate only to one or more of the series of our preferred stock, and no holder has cumulative voting rights. Accordingly, the holders of a majority of the shares of common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors can elect all of the directors standing for election, if they so choose. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any then outstanding preferred stock, holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably those dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by the board of directors out of legally available funds. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of common stock will be entitled to share ratably in the net assets legally available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all of our debts and other liabilities and the satisfaction of any liquidation preference granted to the holders of any outstanding shares of preferred stock. Holders of common stock have no preemptive or conversion rights or other subscription rights, and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. When we issue shares of common stock under this prospectus, the shares will be fully paid and nonassessable. The rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock which we may designate in the future.

Preferred Stock

Pursuant to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our board of directors is authorized, subject to any limitations prescribed by law, without stockholder approval, to issue up to an aggregate of 2,000,000 shares of preferred stock, of which 200,000 shares are authorized for issuance as Series A Participating Preferred Stock (see “Preferred Shares Rights Agreement; Series A Participating Preferred Stock” below), none of which are outstanding. Our board of directors may issue preferred stock in one or more series and has the authority to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each such series, to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions granted to or imposed upon the preferred stock, including voting rights, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences. The rights of the holders of common stock will be subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of holders of any preferred stock that may be issued in the future. Issuance of preferred stock, while providing flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us and may adversely affect the market price of our common stock and the voting and other rights of the holders of our common stock.

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Our board of directors will fix the rights, preferences, privileges, qualifications and restrictions of the preferred stock of each series that we sell under this prospectus and applicable prospectus supplements in the certificate of designation relating to that series. We will incorporate by reference into the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part the form of any certificate of designation that describes the terms of the series of preferred stock we are offering before the issuance of the related series of preferred stock. We will also describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of preferred stock being offered, including:

∎ the title and stated value;

∎ the number of shares we are offering;

∎ the liquidation preference per share;

∎ the purchase price per share;

∎ the dividend rate per share, dividend period and payment dates and method of calculation for dividends;

∎ whether dividends will be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends will accumulate;

∎ our right, if any, to defer payment of dividends and the maximum length of any such deferral period;

∎ the procedures for any auction and remarketing, if any;

∎ the provisions for a sinking fund, if any;

∎ the provisions for redemption or repurchase, if applicable, and any restrictions on our ability to exercise those redemption and repurchase rights;

∎ any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange or market;

∎ whether the preferred stock will be convertible into our common stock or other securities of ours, including warrants, and, if applicable, the conversion period, the conversion price, or how it will be calculated, and under what circumstances it may be adjusted;

∎ whether the preferred stock will be exchangeable for debt securities, and, if applicable, the exchange period, the exchange price, or how it will be calculated, and under what circumstances it may be adjusted;

∎ voting rights, if any, of the preferred stock;

∎ preemption rights, if any;

∎ restrictions on transfer, sale or other assignment, if any;

∎ a discussion of any material or special United States federal income tax considerations applicable to the preferred stock;

∎ the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs;

∎ any limitations on issuances of any class or series of preferred stock ranking senior to or on a parity with the series of preferred stock being issued as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs; and

∎ any other specific terms, rights, preferences, privileges, qualifications or restrictions of the preferred stock.

When we issue shares of preferred stock under this prospectus, the shares will be fully paid and nonassessable.

Unless we specify otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the preferred stock will rank, with respect to dividends and upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up:

∎ senior to all classes or series of our common stock and to all of our equity securities ranking junior to the preferred stock;

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∎ on a parity with all of our equity securities the terms of which specifically provide that the equity securities rank on a parity with the preferred stock; and

∎ junior to all of our equity securities the terms of which specifically provide that the equity securities rank senior to the preferred stock.

The term “equity securities” does not include convertible debt securities.

The General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, the state of our incorporation, provides that the holders of preferred stock will have the right to vote separately as a class on any proposal involving fundamental changes in the rights of holders of that preferred stock. This right is in addition to any voting rights that may be provided for in the applicable certificate of designation.

Preferred Shares Rights Agreement; Series A Participating Preferred Stock

On August 8, 2006, we entered into a Preferred Shares Rights Agreement, which we refer to as the Rights Agreement, with Mellon Investor Services LLC pursuant to which each share of our common stock outstanding has attached to it one right, or a Right, to purchase Series A Participating Preferred Stock. The Rights currently trade with, and are inseparable from, our common stock. The Rights are not currently exercisable and will become exercisable only if (i) a person or group, which we refer to as an Acquiring Person, acquires beneficial ownership of 15% or more of our outstanding common stock or (ii) a tender or exchange offer is commenced that would result in a person or group becoming a beneficial owner of 15% or more of our outstanding common stock. Each Right allows its holder to purchase from us one one-thousandth of a share of Series A Participating Preferred Stock at a purchase price of $25.00, subject to adjustment, or the Purchase Price.

In the event that an Acquiring Person becomes such, other than pursuant to a tender offer approved by our board of directors, proper provision shall be made so that each holder of a Right that has not yet been exercised (other than Rights beneficially owned by the Acquiring Person, which will thereafter be void) will thereafter have the right to receive upon exercise of a Right, in lieu of one one-thousandth of a share of our Series A Participating Preferred Stock, a number of shares of our common stock having a then current value equal to two times the Purchase Price. In the event that we do not have a sufficient number of shares of our common stock available, or our board of directors decides that such action is necessary or appropriate and not contrary to the interests of Rights holders, we may, among other things, instead substitute cash, assets or other securities for the shares of common stock into which the Rights would have otherwise been exercisable. Similarly, in the event that, after the public announcement that an Acquiring Person has become such, (i) we consolidate with or merge into another entity, (ii) another entity consolidates with or merges into us or (iii) we sell or otherwise transfer 50% or more of our consolidated assets or earning power, proper provision must be made so that each holder of a Right which has not theretofore been exercised (other than Rights beneficially owned by the Acquiring Person, which will thereafter be void) will thereafter have the right to receive, upon exercise, a number of shares of common stock of the acquiring company having a then current value equal to two times the Purchase Price (unless the transaction satisfies certain conditions and is consummated with a person who acquired shares pursuant to a tender offer approved by our board, in which case the Rights will expire).

Until a Right is exercised, the holder thereof, as such, will have no rights as a stockholder of our company (other than any rights resulting from such holder’s ownership of shares of our capital stock), including, without limitation, the right to vote or to receive dividends. The Rights are protected by customary anti-dilution provisions as set forth in the Rights Agreement. At any time after an Acquiring Person has become such and prior to the Acquiring Person beneficially owning 50% or more of our outstanding common stock, our board of directors may exchange the Rights (other than Rights owned by the Acquiring Person or its affiliates), in whole or in part, for shares of our common stock at an

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exchange ratio of one share of common stock per Right, subject to adjustment. At any time prior to the close of business on August 8, 2016, we may redeem the Rights in whole, but not in part, at a price of $0.01 per Right.

Each share of Series A Participating Preferred Stock will be entitled to an aggregate dividend of 1,000 times the dividend declared per share of our common stock. In the event of liquidation, the holders of shares of our Series A Participating Preferred Stock will be entitled to a preferential liquidation payment equal to accrued but unpaid dividends plus the greater of $1,000 per share or 1,000 times the aggregate per share amount to be distributed to the holders of shares of our common stock. Each share of our Series A Participating Preferred Stock will have 1,000 votes, voting together with the holders of shares of our common stock and any other capital stock of our company having general voting rights, on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, except as required by law and subject to certain adjustments set forth in the Certificate of Designations of Rights, Preferences and Privileges of the Series A Participating Preferred Stock. In the event of any merger, consolidation or other transaction in which shares of our common stock are changed or exchanged, each share of Series A Participating Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive the greater of $1,000 per share or 1,000 times the amount received per share of our common stock. The Series A Participating Preferred Stock will rank junior to all other series of our preferred stock as to the payment of dividends and the distribution of assets, unless the terms of any such series shall provide otherwise. The shares of our Series A Participating Preferred Stock are not redeemable and have no preemptive, subscription or conversion rights.

The Rights expire on August 8, 2016, unless we extend the expiration date, redeem or exchange the Rights on an earlier date or the Rights expire upon consummation of certain mergers, consolidations or sales of assets. Effective July 10, 2008, September 29, 2009 and March 11, 2011, we amended the terms of the Rights to ensure that they would not become exercisable solely by virtue of our sales of securities completed on August 29, 2008, October 5, 2009 and March 11, 2011, respectively. The Rights may have the effect of rendering more difficult or discouraging an acquisition of us that is deemed undesirable by our board of directors. The Rights have certain anti-takeover effects and may cause substantial dilution to a person or group that attempts to acquire us on terms or in a manner not approved by our board of directors, except pursuant to an offer conditioned upon the negation, purchase or redemption of the Rights.

Effect of Certain Provisions of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws and the Delaware Anti-Takeover Statute

Some provisions of Delaware law and our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that could make the following transactions more difficult:

∎ acquisition of us by means of a tender offer;

∎ acquisition of us by means of a proxy contest or otherwise; or

∎ removal of our incumbent officers and directors.

These provisions, summarized below, are expected to discourage coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids and to promote stability in our management. These provisions are also designed to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with our board of directors.

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

∎ Undesignated Preferred Stock.    The ability to authorize undesignated preferred stock makes it possible for our board of directors to issue one or more series of preferred stock with

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voting or other rights or preferences that could impede the success of any attempt to change control of us.

∎ Stockholder Meetings.    Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws provide that a special meeting of stockholders may be called only by the chairman of our board of directors or by our president, or by a resolution adopted by a majority of our board of directors.

∎ Requirements for Advance Notification of Stockholder Nominations and Proposals.    Our amended and restated bylaws establish advance notice procedures with respect to stockholder proposals and the nomination of candidates for election as directors, other than nominations made by or at the direction of our board of directors or a committee of the board of directors.

∎ Elimination of Stockholder Action by Written Consent.    Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation eliminates the right of stockholders to act by written consent without a meeting.

∎ Amendment of Bylaws.    Any amendment of our amended and restated bylaws by our stockholders requires approval by holders of at least 66 2/3% of our then outstanding shares entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class.

∎ Staggered Board of Directors.    Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provide for the division of our board of directors into three classes, with staggered three-year terms. Under our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, any vacancy on the board of directors, including a vacancy resulting from an enlargement of the board of directors, may only be filled by vote of a majority of the directors then in office. The classification of the board of directors and the limitations on the removal of directors and filling of vacancies would have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of us, or of discouraging a third party from acquiring control of us.

Delaware Law

We are subject to Section 203 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, or DGCL, which regulates acquisitions of some Delaware corporations. In general, Section 203 prohibits, with some exceptions, a publicly held Delaware corporation such as us from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years following the time that the stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless:

∎ prior to the time the stockholder became an interested stockholder, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

∎ upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding (a) shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers and (b) employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

∎ at or subsequent to the time the stockholder became an interested stockholder, the business combination is approved by the board and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66-2/3% of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder.

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Section 203 of the DGCL generally defines a “business combination” to include any of the following:

∎ any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;

∎ any sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition (in one transaction or a series of transactions) involving the interested stockholder of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation (or its majority-owned subsidiary);

∎ subject to exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder;

∎ subject to exceptions, any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect, directly or indirectly, of increasing the proportionate share of the stock or any class or series of the corporation beneficially owned by the interested stockholder; and

∎ the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit, directly or indirectly (except proportionately as a stockholder of such corporation), of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits, other than certain benefits set forth in Section 203, provided by or through the corporation.

In general, Section 203 defines an “interested stockholder” as any entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation and any entity or person that is an affiliate or associate of such entity or person.

Section 203 of the DGCL could delay, discourage or prohibit transactions not approved in advance by our board of directors, such as takeover attempts that might otherwise involve the payment to our stockholders of a premium for their shares over then current prices.

Certain Registration Obligations

In August 2008, we sold to certain investors 8,970,574 shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase up to 3,588,221 shares of our common stock in a private placement, which we refer to as the August 2008 Financing. The securities purchase agreement for the August 2008 Financing provides that we will file and thereafter maintain an effective registration statement covering the resale of the shares issued in, and the shares underlying the warrants issued in, the August 2008 Financing, and further includes terms that may require us to pay liquidated damages if we do not meet our registration obligations under the agreement. For example, the securities purchase agreement provides that if we fail to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement (subject to limited permissible suspension periods), we will be required to pay the holders of such shares liquidated damages at the rate of one percent of the purchase price of these shares and warrants for the first month, and two percent for each month thereafter, up to a total of ten percent. The registration statement we filed covering the resale of the shares and shares underlying the warrants sold in this transaction was declared effective by the SEC in October 2008. These registration obligations will terminate upon the earlier of the date that all registrable securities covered by such registration statement have been sold or can be sold publicly under Rule 144 without volume restrictions.

In October 2009, we sold to certain investors 18,324,599 shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase up to 7,329,819 shares of our common stock in a private placement, which we refer to as the October 2009 Financing. The securities purchase agreement for the October 2009 Financing provides that we will file and thereafter maintain an effective registration statement covering the resale of the shares issued in, and the shares underlying the warrants issued in, the October 2009 Financing. The registration statement we filed covering the resale of the shares and shares underlying the warrants sold in this transaction was declared effective by the SEC in November 2009. These registration obligations will terminate upon the date that all registrable securities covered by such registration statement have been sold or can be sold without volume restriction under Rule 144.

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Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Computershare, Trust Company, N.A., P.O. Box 30170, College Station, TX 77842 . The transfer agent for any series of preferred stock that we may offer under this prospectus will be named and described in the applicable prospectus supplement for that series.

Listing on The NASDAQ Capital Market

Our common stock is listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “THLD.”

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DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

We may issue debt securities from time to time, in one or more series, as either senior or subordinated debt or as senior or subordinated convertible debt. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any debt securities that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The terms of any debt securities offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below. Unless the context requires otherwise, whenever we refer to the indenture, we also are referring to any supplemental indentures that specify the terms of a particular series of debt securities.

We will issue the debt securities under the indenture that we will enter into with the trustee named in the indenture. The indenture will be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, or the Trust Indenture Act. We have filed the form of indenture as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and supplemental indentures and forms of debt securities containing the terms of the debt securities being offered will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part or will be incorporated by reference from reports that we file with the SEC.

The following summary of material provisions of the debt securities and the indenture is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the indenture applicable to a particular series of debt securities. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplements and any related free writing prospectuses related to the debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus, as well as the complete indenture that contains the terms of the debt securities.

General

The indenture does not limit the amount of debt securities that we may issue. It provides that we may issue debt securities up to the principal amount that we may authorize and may be in any currency or currency unit that we may designate. Except for the limitations on consolidation, merger and sale of all or substantially all of our assets contained in the indenture, the terms of the indenture do not contain any covenants or other provisions designed to give holders of any debt securities protection against changes in our operations and financial condition or transactions involving us.

We may issue the debt securities issued under the indenture as “discount securities,” which means they may be sold at a discount below their stated principal amount. These debt securities, as well as other debt securities that are not issued at a discount, may be issued with “original issue discount,” or OID, for U.S. federal income tax purposes because of interest payment and other characteristics or terms of the debt securities. Material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to debt securities issued with OID will be described in more detail in any applicable prospectus supplement.

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of debt securities being offered, including:

∎ the title of the series of debt securities;

∎ any limit upon the aggregate principal amount that may be issued;

∎ the maturity date or dates;

∎ the form of the debt securities of the series;

∎ the applicability of any guarantees;

∎ whether or not the debt securities will be secured or unsecured, and the terms of any secured debt;

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∎ whether the debt securities rank as senior debt, senior subordinated debt, subordinated debt or any combination thereof, and the terms of any subordination;

∎ if the price (expressed as a percentage of the aggregate principal amount thereof) at which such debt securities will be issued is a price other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount thereof payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof, or if applicable, the portion of the principal amount of such debt securities that is convertible into another security or the method by which any such portion shall be determined;

∎ the interest rate or rates, which may be fixed or variable, or the method for determining the rate and the date interest will begin to accrue, the dates interest will be payable and the regular record dates for interest payment dates or the method for determining such dates;

∎ our right, if any, to defer payment of interest and the maximum length of any such deferral period;

∎ if applicable, the date or dates after which, or the period or periods during which, and the price or prices at which, we may, at our option, redeem the series of debt securities pursuant to any optional or provisional redemption provisions and the terms of those redemption provisions;

∎ the date or dates, if any, on which, and the price or prices at which we are obligated, pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund or analogous fund provisions or otherwise, to redeem, or at the holder’s option to purchase, the series of debt securities and the currency or currency unit in which the debt securities are payable;

∎ the denominations in which we will issue the series of debt securities, if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof;

∎ any and all terms, if applicable, relating to any auction or remarketing of the debt securities of that series and any security for our obligations with respect to such debt securities and any other terms which may be advisable in connection with the marketing of debt securities of that series;

∎ whether the debt securities of the series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of a global security or securities; the terms and conditions, if any, upon which such global security or securities may be exchanged in whole or in part for other individual securities; and the depositary for such global security or securities;

∎ if applicable, the provisions relating to conversion or exchange of any debt securities of the series and the terms and conditions upon which such debt securities will be so convertible or exchangeable, including the conversion or exchange price, as applicable, or how it will be calculated and may be adjusted, any mandatory or optional (at our option or the holders’ option) conversion or exchange features, the applicable conversion or exchange period and the manner of settlement for any conversion or exchange;

∎ if other than the full principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of debt securities of the series which shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof;

∎ additions to or changes in the covenants applicable to the particular debt securities being issued, including, among others, the consolidation, merger or sale covenant;

∎ additions to or changes in the events of default with respect to the securities and any change in the right of the trustee or the holders to declare the principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any, with respect to such securities to be due and payable;

∎ additions to or changes in or deletions of the provisions relating to covenant defeasance and legal defeasance;

∎ additions to or changes in the provisions relating to satisfaction and discharge of the indenture;

∎ additions to or changes in the provisions relating to the modification of the indenture both with and without the consent of holders of debt securities issued under the indenture;

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∎ the currency of payment of debt securities if other than U.S. dollars and the manner of determining the equivalent amount in U.S. dollars;

∎ whether interest will be payable in cash or additional debt securities at our or the holders’ option and the terms and conditions upon which the election may be made;

∎ the terms and conditions, if any, upon which we will pay amounts in addition to the stated interest, premium, if any and principal amounts of the debt securities of the series to any holder that is not a “United States person” for federal tax purposes;

∎ any restrictions on transfer, sale or assignment of the debt securities of the series; and

∎ any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the debt securities, any other additions or changes in the provisions of the indenture, and any terms that may be required by us or advisable under applicable laws or regulations.

Conversion or Exchange Rights

We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms on which a series of debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock or our other securities. We will include provisions as to settlement upon conversion or exchange and whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or at our option. We may include provisions pursuant to which the number of shares of our common stock or our other securities that the holders of the series of debt securities receive would be subject to adjustment.

Consolidation, Merger or Sale

Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the indenture will not contain any covenant that restricts our ability to merge or consolidate, or sell, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of our assets as an entirety or substantially as an entirety. However, any successor to or acquirer of such assets (other than a subsidiary of ours) must assume all of our obligations under the indenture or the debt securities, as appropriate.

Events of Default Under the Indenture

Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the following are events of default under the indenture with respect to any series of debt securities that we may issue:

∎ if we fail to pay any installment of interest on any series of debt securities, as and when the same becomes due and payable, and such default continues for a period of 90 days; provided, however, that a valid extension of an interest payment period by us in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental thereto shall not constitute a default in the payment of interest for this purpose;

∎ if we fail to pay the principal of, or premium, if any, on any series of debt securities as and when the same becomes due and payable whether at maturity, upon redemption, by declaration or otherwise, or in any payment required by any sinking or analogous fund established with respect to such series; provided, however, that a valid extension of the maturity of such debt securities in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental thereto shall not constitute a default in the payment of principal or premium, if any;

∎ if we fail to observe or perform any other covenant or agreement contained in the debt securities or the indenture, other than a covenant specifically relating to another series of debt securities, and our failure continues for 90 days after we receive written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied and stating that such is a notice of default thereunder, from the trustee or holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the applicable series; and

∎ if specified events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur.

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If an event of default with respect to debt securities of any series occurs and is continuing, other than an event of default specified in the last bullet point above, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series, by notice to us in writing, and to the trustee if notice is given by such holders, may declare the unpaid principal amount of premium, if any, and accrued interest, if any, due and payable immediately. If an event of default specified in the last bullet point above occurs with respect to us, the principal amount of and accrued interest, if any, of each issue of debt securities then outstanding shall be due and payable without any notice or other action on the part of the trustee or any holder.

The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of an affected series may waive any default or event of default with respect to the series and its consequences, except defaults or events of default regarding payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest, unless we have cured the default or event of default in accordance with the indenture. Any waiver shall cure the default or event of default.

Subject to the terms of the indenture, if an event of default under an indenture shall occur and be continuing, the trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under such indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders of the applicable series of debt securities, unless such holders have offered the trustee reasonable indemnity. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee, with respect to the debt securities of that series, provided that:

∎ the direction so given by the holder is not in conflict with any law or the applicable indenture; and

∎ subject to its duties under the Trust Indenture Act, the trustee need not take any action that might involve it in personal liability or might be unduly prejudicial to the holders not involved in the proceeding.

A holder of the debt securities of any series will have the right to institute a proceeding under the indenture or to appoint a receiver or trustee, or to seek other remedies only if:

∎ the holder has given written notice to the trustee of a continuing event of default with respect to that series;

∎ the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series have made written request, such holders have offered to the trustee indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred by the trustee in compliance with the request; and

∎ the trustee does not institute the proceeding, and does not receive from the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series other conflicting directions within 90 days after the notice, request and offer.

These limitations do not apply to a suit instituted by a holder of debt securities if we default in the payment of the principal, premium, if any, or interest on, the debt securities.

We will periodically file statements with the trustee regarding our compliance with specified covenants in the indenture.

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Modification of Indenture; Waiver

We and the trustee may change an indenture without the consent of any holders with respect to specific matters:

∎ to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency in the indenture or in the debt securities of any series;

∎ to comply with the provisions described above under “Description of Debt Securities—Consolidation, Merger or Sale;”

∎ to provide for uncertificated debt securities in addition to or in place of certificated debt securities;

∎ to add to our covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions such new covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions for the benefit of the holders of all or any series of debt securities, to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and the continuance, of a default in any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions an event of default or to surrender any right or power conferred upon us in the indenture;

∎ to add to, delete from or revise the conditions, limitations, and restrictions on the authorized amount, terms, or purposes of issue, authentication and delivery of debt securities, as set forth in the indenture;

∎ to make any change that does not adversely affect the interests of any holder of debt securities of any series in any material respect;

∎ to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of the debt securities of any series as provided above under “Description of Debt Securities—General” to establish the form of any certifications required to be furnished pursuant to the terms of the indenture or any series of debt securities, or to add to the rights of the holders of any series of debt securities;

∎ to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment under any indenture by a successor trustee; or

∎ to comply with any requirements of the SEC in connection with the qualification of any indenture under the Trust Indenture Act.

In addition, under the indenture, the rights of holders of a series of debt securities may be changed by us and the trustee with the written consent of the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of each series that is affected. However, unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, we and the trustee may make the following changes only with the consent of each holder of any outstanding debt securities affected:

∎ extending the fixed maturity of any debt securities of any series;

∎ reducing the principal amount, reducing the rate of or extending the time of payment of interest, or reducing any premium payable upon the redemption of any series of any debt securities; or

∎ reducing the percentage of debt securities, the holders of which are required to consent to any amendment, supplement, modification or waiver.

Discharge

Each indenture provides that we can elect to be discharged from our obligations with respect to one or more series of debt securities, except for specified obligations, including obligations to:

∎ provide for payment;

∎ register the transfer or exchange of debt securities of the series;

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∎ replace stolen, lost or mutilated debt securities of the series;

∎ pay principal of and premium and interest on any debt securities of the series;

∎ maintain paying agencies;

∎ hold monies for payment in trust;

∎ recover excess money held by the trustee;

∎ compensate and indemnify the trustee; and

∎ appoint any successor trustee.

In order to exercise our rights to be discharged, we must deposit with the trustee money or government obligations sufficient to pay all the principal of, any premium, if any, and interest on, the debt securities of the series on the dates payments are due.

Form, Exchange and Transfer

We will issue the debt securities of each series only in fully registered form without coupons and, unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof. The indenture provides that we may issue debt securities of a series in temporary or permanent global form and as book-entry securities that will be deposited with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust Company, or DTC, or another depositary named by us and identified in the applicable prospectus supplement with respect to that series. To the extent the debt securities of a series are issued in global form and as book-entry, a description of terms relating to any book-entry securities will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

At the option of the holder, subject to the terms of the indenture and the limitations applicable to global securities described in the applicable prospectus supplement, the holder of the debt securities of any series can exchange the debt securities for other debt securities of the same series, in any authorized denomination and of like tenor and aggregate principal amount.

Subject to the terms of the indenture and the limitations applicable to global securities set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the debt securities may present the debt securities for exchange or for registration of transfer, duly endorsed or with the form of transfer endorsed thereon duly executed if so required by us or the security registrar, at the office of the security registrar or at the office of any transfer agent designated by us for this purpose. Unless otherwise provided in the debt securities that the holder presents for transfer or exchange, we will impose no service charge for any registration of transfer or exchange, but we may require payment of any taxes or other governmental charges.

We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement the security registrar, and any transfer agent in addition to the security registrar, that we initially designate for any debt securities. We may at any time designate additional transfer agents or rescind the designation of any transfer agent or approve a change in the office through which any transfer agent acts, except that we will be required to maintain a transfer agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of each series.

If we elect to redeem the debt securities of any series, we will not be required to:

∎ issue, register the transfer of, or exchange any debt securities of that series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of mailing of a notice of redemption of any debt securities that may be selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of the mailing; or

∎ register the transfer of or exchange any debt securities so selected for redemption, in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any debt securities we are redeeming in part.

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Information Concerning the Trustee

The trustee, other than during the occurrence and continuance of an event of default under an indenture, undertakes to perform only those duties as are specifically set forth in the applicable indenture. Upon an event of default under an indenture, the trustee must use the same degree of care as a prudent person would exercise or use in the conduct of his or her own affairs. Subject to this provision, the trustee is under no obligation to exercise any of the powers given it by the indenture at the request of any holder of debt securities unless it is offered reasonable security and indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities that it might incur.

Payment and Paying Agents

Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make payment of the interest on any debt securities on any interest payment date to the person in whose name the debt securities, or one or more predecessor securities, are registered at the close of business on the regular record date for the interest.

We will pay principal of and any premium and interest on the debt securities of a particular series at the office of the paying agents designated by us, except that unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make interest payments by check that we will mail to the holder or by wire transfer to certain holders. Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will designate the corporate trust office of the trustee as our sole paying agent for payments with respect to debt securities of each series. We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement any other paying agents that we initially designate for the debt securities of a particular series. We will maintain a paying agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of a particular series.

All money we pay to a paying agent or the trustee for the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on any debt securities that remains unclaimed at the end of two years after such principal, premium or interest has become due and payable will be repaid to us, and the holder of the debt security thereafter may look only to us for payment thereof.

Governing Law

The indenture and the debt securities will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, except to the extent that the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is applicable.

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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

The following description, together with the additional information we may include in any applicable prospectus supplement and free writing prospectus, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, which may consist of warrants to purchase common stock, preferred stock or debt securities and may be issued in one or more series. Warrants may be offered independently or in combination with common stock, preferred stock or debt securities offered by any prospectus supplement. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any series of warrants in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The following description of warrants will apply to the warrants offered by this prospectus unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement. The applicable prospectus supplement for a particular series of warrants may specify different or additional terms.

We have filed forms of the warrant agreements and forms of warrant certificates containing the terms of the warrants that may be offered as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of warrant and/or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, that contain the terms of the particular series of warrants we are offering, and any supplemental agreements, before the issuance of such warrants. The following summaries of material terms and provisions of the warrants are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the form of warrant and/or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, and any supplemental agreements applicable to a particular series of warrants that we may offer under this prospectus. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplement related to the particular series of warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, as well as any related free writing prospectus, and the complete form of warrant and/or the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, and any supplemental agreements, that contain the terms of the warrants.

General

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of warrants being offered, including:

∎ the offering price and aggregate number of warrants offered;

∎ the currency for which the warrants may be purchased;

∎ if applicable, the designation and terms of the securities with which the warrants are issued and the number of warrants issued with each such security or each principal amount of such security;

∎ in the case of warrants to purchase debt securities, the principal amount of debt securities purchasable upon exercise of one warrant and the price at, and currency in which, this principal amount of debt securities may be purchased upon such exercise;

∎ in the case of warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock, the number of shares of common stock or preferred stock, as the case may be, purchasable upon the exercise of one warrant and the price at which these shares may be purchased upon such exercise;

∎ the effect of any merger, consolidation, sale or other disposition of our business on the warrant agreements and the warrants;

∎ the terms of any rights to redeem or call the warrants;

∎ any provisions for changes to or adjustments in the exercise price or number of securities issuable upon exercise of the warrants;

∎ the dates on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence and expire;

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∎ the manner in which the warrant agreements and warrants may be modified;

∎ a discussion of material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations, if any, of holding or exercising the warrants;

∎ the terms of the securities issuable upon exercise of the warrants; and

∎ any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of or restrictions on the warrants.

Before exercising their warrants, holders of warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the securities purchasable upon such exercise, including:

∎ in the case of warrants to purchase debt securities, the right to receive payments of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, the debt securities purchasable upon exercise or to enforce covenants in the applicable indenture; or

∎ in the case of warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock, the right to receive dividends, if any, or payments upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up or to exercise voting rights, if any.

Exercise of Warrants

Each warrant will entitle the holder to purchase the securities that we specify in the applicable prospectus supplement at the exercise price that we describe in the applicable prospectus supplement. The warrants may be exercised as set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to the warrants offered. Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, warrants may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to the warrants offered thereby. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.

Upon receipt of payment and the warrant or warrant certificate, as applicable, properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent, if any, or any other office, including ours, indicated in the prospectus supplement, we will, as soon as practicable, issue and deliver the securities purchasable upon such exercise. If less than all of the warrants (or the warrants represented by such warrant certificate) are exercised, a new warrant or a new warrant certificate, as applicable, will be issued for the remaining warrants.

Governing Law

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the warrants and any warrant agreements will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.

Enforceability of Rights by Holders of Warrants

Each warrant agent, if any, will act solely as our agent under the applicable warrant agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any warrant. A single bank or trust company may act as warrant agent for more than one issue of warrants. A warrant agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable warrant agreement or warrant, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a warrant may, without the consent of the related warrant agent or the holder of any other warrant, enforce by appropriate legal action its right to exercise, and receive the securities purchasable upon exercise of, its warrants.

Outstanding Warrants

As of September 30, 2015, we had outstanding warrants to purchase an aggregate of 3,836,165 shares of our common stock with an exercise price of $2.46 per share, or the March 2011

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Warrants. The exercise price and/or the number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the March 2011 Warrants are subject to adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting our common stock.

As of September 30, 2015, we also had outstanding warrants to purchase an aggregate of 8,300,000 shares of our common stock with an initial exercise price of $10.86 per share , or the February 2015 Warrants. On the 30th trading day following the earlier of (i) the date two years from the issuance date of the February 2015 Warrants or (ii) the later to occur of (a) the date on which top-line efficacy data from our Phase 3 clinical trial of evofosfamide plus doxorubicin versus doxorubicin alone in patients with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic soft tissue sarcoma is publicly announced by us or (b) the date on which top-line efficacy data from the Phase 3 MAESTRO clinical trial of evofosfamide in combination with gemcitabine in patients with previously untreated, locally advanced unresectable or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma is publicly announced by us, the warrant exercise price will be adjusted to equal the average of the volume-weighted average price of our common stock for each of the 20 trading days immediately preceding the applicable date, provided that in no event will the exercise price be adjusted above $10.86 or below $3.62. After the date of foregoing adjustment to the warrant exercise price, or the Adjustment Date, the exercise price of the February 2015 Warrants will then be subject to price-based anti-dilution protection such that to the extent we issue and sell any shares of common stock, or any securities convertible or exchangeable for shares of common stock (in each case subject to certain exceptions), at a price per share below the warrant exercise price then in effect, the warrant exercise price will be adjusted downward to equal the price at which such securities are issued and sold by us (but in no event will the warrant exercise price be reduced below $3.62 per share). The exercise price and/or the number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the February 2015 Warrants are also subject to adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting our common stock. In addition, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the February 2015 Warrants, at our option, we have the right to force the holders of the February 2015 Warrants to exercise their February 2015 Warrants in full if the volume-weighted average price of our common stock for any 20 consecutive trading-day period beginning after the 90th day following the Adjustment Date exceeds $18.00 per share.

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LEGAL OWNERSHIP OF SECURITIES

We may issue securities in registered form or in the form of one or more global securities. We describe global securities in greater detail below. We refer to those persons who have securities registered in their own names on the books that we or any applicable trustee, depositary or warrant agent maintain for this purpose as the “holders” of those securities. These persons are the legal holders of the securities. We refer to those persons who, indirectly through others, own beneficial interests in securities that are not registered in their own names, as “indirect holders” of those securities. As we discuss below, indirect holders are not legal holders, and investors in securities issued in book-entry form or in street name will be indirect holders.

Book-Entry Holders

We may issue securities in book-entry form only, as we will specify in the applicable prospectus supplement. This means securities may be represented by one or more global securities registered in the name of a financial institution that holds them as depositary on behalf of other financial institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system. These participating institutions, which are referred to as participants, in turn, hold beneficial interests in the securities on behalf of themselves or their customers.

Only the person in whose name a security is registered is recognized as the holder of that security. Securities issued in global form will be registered in the name of the depositary or its participants. Consequently, for securities issued in global form, we will recognize only the depositary as the holder of the securities, and we will make all payments on the securities to the depositary. The depositary passes along the payments it receives to its participants, which in turn pass the payments along to their customers who are the beneficial owners. The depositary and its participants do so under agreements they have made with one another or with their customers; they are not obligated to do so under the terms of the securities.

As a result, investors in a book-entry security will not own securities directly. Instead, they will own beneficial interests in a global security, through a bank, broker or other financial institution that participates in the depositary’s book-entry system or holds an interest through a participant. As long as the securities are issued in global form, investors will be indirect holders, and not holders, of the securities.

Street Name Holders

We may terminate a global security or issue securities in non-global form. In these cases, investors may choose to hold their securities in their own names or in “street name.” Securities held by an investor in street name would be registered in the name of a bank, broker or other financial institution that the investor chooses, and the investor would hold only a beneficial interest in those securities through an account he or she maintains at that institution.

For securities held in street name, we will recognize only the intermediary banks, brokers and other financial institutions in whose names the securities are registered as the holders of those securities, and we will make all payments on those securities to them. These institutions pass along the payments they receive to their customers who are the beneficial owners, but only because they agree to do so in their customer agreements or because they are legally required to do so. Investors who hold securities in street name will be indirect holders, not holders, of those securities.

Legal Holders

Our obligations, as well as the obligations of any applicable trustee and of any third parties employed by us or a trustee, run only to the legal holders of the securities. We do not have obligations

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to investors who hold beneficial interests in global securities, in street name or by any other indirect means. This will be the case whether an investor chooses to be an indirect holder of a security or has no choice because we are issuing the securities only in global form.

For example, once we make a payment or give a notice to the holder, we have no further responsibility for the payment or notice even if that holder is required, under agreements with depositary participants or customers or by law, to pass it along to the indirect holders but does not do so. Similarly, we may want to obtain the approval of the holders to amend an indenture, to relieve us of the consequences of a default or of our obligation to comply with a particular provision of the indenture or for other purposes. In such an event, we would seek approval only from the holders, and not the indirect holders, of the securities. Whether and how the holders contact the indirect holders is up to the holders.

Special Considerations for Indirect Holders

If you hold securities through a bank, broker or other financial institution, either in book-entry form or in street name, you should check with your own institution to find out:

∎ the performance of third party service providers;

∎ how it handles securities payments and notices;

∎ whether it imposes fees or charges;

∎ how it would handle a request for the holders’ consent, if ever required;

∎ whether and how you can instruct it to send you securities registered in your own name so you can be a holder, if that is permitted in the future;

∎ how it would exercise rights under the securities if there were a default or other event triggering the need for holders to act to protect their interests; and

∎ if the securities are in book-entry form, how the depositary’s rules and procedures will affect these matters.

Global Securities

A global security is a security that represents one or any other number of individual securities held by a depositary. Generally, all securities represented by the same global securities will have the same terms.

Each security issued in book-entry form will be represented by a global security that we deposit with and register in the name of a financial institution or its nominee that we select. The financial institution that we select for this purpose is called the depositary. Unless we specify otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, DTC will be the depositary for all securities issued in book-entry form.

A global security may not be transferred to or registered in the name of anyone other than the depositary, its nominee or a successor depositary, unless special termination situations arise. We describe those situations below under the section entitled “Special Situations When a Global Security Will Be Terminated” in this prospectus. As a result of these arrangements, the depositary, or its nominee, will be the sole registered owner and holder of all securities represented by a global security, and investors will be permitted to own only beneficial interests in a global security. Beneficial interests must be held by means of an account with a broker, bank or other financial institution that in turn has an account with the depositary or with another institution that does. Thus, an investor whose security is represented by a global security will not be a holder of the security, but only an indirect holder of a beneficial interest in the global security.

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If the prospectus supplement for a particular security indicates that the security will be issued in global form only, then the security will be represented by a global security at all times unless and until the global security is terminated. If termination occurs, we may issue the securities through another book-entry clearing system or decide that the securities may no longer be held through any book-entry clearing system.

Special Considerations for Global Securities

The rights of an indirect holder relating to a global security will be governed by the account rules of the investor’s financial institution and of the depositary, as well as general laws relating to securities transfers. We do not recognize an indirect holder as a holder of securities and instead deal only with the depositary that holds the global security.

If securities are issued only in the form of a global security, an investor should be aware of the following:

∎ an investor cannot cause the securities to be registered in his or her name, and cannot obtain non-global certificates for his or her interest in the securities, except in the special situations we describe below;

∎ an investor will be an indirect holder and must look to his or her own bank or broker for payments on the securities and protection of his or her legal rights relating to the securities, as we describe above;

∎ an investor may not be able to sell interests in the securities to some insurance companies and to other institutions that are required by law to own their securities in non-book-entry form;

∎ an investor may not be able to pledge his or her interest in a global security in circumstances where certificates representing the securities must be delivered to the lender or other beneficiary of the pledge in order for the pledge to be effective;

∎ the depositary’s policies, which may change from time to time, will govern payments, transfers, exchanges and other matters relating to an investor’s interest in a global security;

∎ we and any applicable trustee have no responsibility for any aspect of the depositary’s actions or for its records of ownership interests in a global security, nor do we or any applicable trustee supervise the depositary in any way;

∎ the depositary may, and we understand that DTC will, require that those who purchase and sell interests in a global security within its book-entry system use immediately available funds, and your broker or bank may require you to do so as well; and

∎ financial institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system, and through which an investor holds its interest in a global security, may also have their own policies affecting payments, notices and other matters relating to the securities.

There may be more than one financial intermediary in the chain of ownership for an investor. We do not monitor and are not responsible for the actions of any of those intermediaries.

Special Situations When a Global Security Will Be Terminated

In a few special situations described below, the global security will terminate and interests in it will be exchanged for physical certificates representing those interests. After that exchange, the choice of whether to hold securities directly or in street name will be up to the investor. Investors must consult their own banks or brokers to find out how to have their interests in securities transferred to their own name, so that they will be direct holders. We have described the rights of holders and street name investors above.

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Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the global security will terminate when the following special situations occur:

∎ if the depositary notifies us that it is unwilling, unable or no longer qualified to continue as depositary for that global security and we do not appoint another institution to act as depositary within 90 days;

∎ if we notify any applicable trustee that we wish to terminate that global security; or

∎ if an event of default has occurred with regard to securities represented by that global security and has not been cured or waived.

The applicable prospectus supplement may also list additional situations for terminating a global security that would apply only to the particular series of securities covered by the applicable prospectus supplement. When a global security terminates, the depositary, and not we or any applicable trustee, is responsible for deciding the names of the institutions that will be the initial direct holders.

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We may sell the securities from time to time pursuant to underwritten public offerings, “at-the-market” offerings, negotiated transactions, block trades or a combination of these methods. We may sell the securities to or through underwriters or dealers, through agents, or directly to one or more purchasers. We may distribute securities from time to time in one or more transactions:

∎ at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed;

∎ at market prices prevailing at the time of sale;

∎ at prices related to such prevailing market prices; or

∎ at negotiated prices.

A prospectus supplement or supplements (and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) will describe the terms of the offering of the securities, including, to the extent applicable:

∎ the name or names of the underwriters, if any;

∎ the purchase price of the securities or other consideration therefor, and the proceeds, if any, we will receive from the sale;

∎ any over-allotment options under which underwriters may purchase additional securities from us;

∎ any agency fees or underwriting discounts and other items constituting agents’ or underwriters’ compensation;

∎ any public offering price;

∎ any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers; and

∎ any securities exchange or market on which the securities may be listed.

Only underwriters named in the prospectus supplement will be underwriters of the securities offered by the prospectus supplement.

If underwriters are used in the sale, they will acquire the securities for their own account and may resell the securities from time to time in one or more transactions at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale. The obligations of the underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to the conditions set forth in the applicable underwriting agreement. We may offer the securities to the public through underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters or by underwriters without a syndicate. Subject to certain conditions, the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of the securities offered by the prospectus supplement, other than securities covered by any over-allotment option. Any public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers may change from time to time. We may use underwriters with whom we have a material relationship. We will describe in the prospectus supplement, naming the underwriter, the nature of any such relationship.

We may sell securities directly or through agents we designate from time to time. We will name any agent involved in the offering and sale of securities and we will describe any commissions we will pay the agent in the prospectus supplement. Unless the prospectus supplement states otherwise, our agent will act on a best-efforts basis for the period of its appointment.

We may authorize agents or underwriters to solicit offers by certain types of institutional investors to purchase securities from us at the public offering price set forth in the prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on a specified date in the

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future. We will describe the conditions to these contracts and the commissions we must pay for solicitation of these contracts in the prospectus supplement.

We may provide agents and underwriters with indemnification against civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or contribution with respect to payments that the agents or underwriters may make with respect to these liabilities. Agents and underwriters may engage in transactions with, or perform services for, us in the ordinary course of business.

All securities we may offer, other than common stock, will be new issues of securities with no established trading market. Any underwriters may make a market in these securities, but will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. We cannot guarantee the liquidity of the trading markets for any securities.

Any underwriter may engage in over-allotment, stabilizing transactions, short-covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act. Over-allotment involves sales in excess of the offering size, which create a short position. Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum price. Syndicate-covering or other short-covering transactions involve purchases of the securities, either through exercise of the over-allotment option or in the open market after the distribution is completed, to cover short positions. Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a dealer when the securities originally sold by the dealer are purchased in a stabilizing or covering transaction to cover short positions. Those activities may cause the price of the securities to be higher than it would otherwise be. If commenced, the underwriters may discontinue any of the activities at any time.

Any underwriters that are qualified market makers on The NASDAQ Capital Market may engage in passive market making transactions in the common stock on The NASDAQ Capital Market in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act, during the business day prior to the pricing of the offering, before the commencement of offers or sales of the common stock. Passive market makers must comply with applicable volume and price limitations and must be identified as passive market makers. In general, a passive market maker must display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid for such security; if all independent bids are lowered below the passive market maker’s bid, however, the passive market maker’s bid must then be lowered when certain purchase limits are exceeded. Passive market making may stabilize the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.

In compliance with guidelines of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or FINRA, the maximum consideration or discount to be received by any FINRA member or independent broker dealer may not exceed 8% of the aggregate amount of the securities offered pursuant to this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement.

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LEGAL MATTERS

Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, the validity of the securities offered by this prospectus, and any supplement thereto, will be passed upon for us by Cooley LLP, San Francisco, California.

EXPERTS

Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, and the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, as set forth in their reports, which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement. Our financial statements and our management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014 are incorporated by reference in reliance on Ernst & Young LLP’s reports, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

This prospectus is part of the registration statement on Form S-3 we filed with the SEC under the Securities Act and does not contain all the information set forth in the registration statement. Whenever a reference is made in this prospectus to any of our contracts, agreements or other documents, the reference may not be complete and you should refer to the exhibits that are a part of the registration statement or the exhibits to the reports or other documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus for a copy of such contract, agreement or other document. Because we are subject to the information and reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, we file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. You may also read and copy any document we file at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of the Public Reference Room. We maintain a website at www.thresholdpharm.com. Information found on, or accessible through, our website is not a part of, and is not incorporated into, this prospectus, and you should not consider it part of this prospectus or part of any prospectus supplement.

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” information from other documents that we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus. Information in this prospectus supersedes information incorporated by reference that we filed with the SEC prior to the date of this prospectus, while information that we file later with the SEC will automatically update and supersede the information in this prospectus. We incorporate by reference into this prospectus and the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part the information or documents listed below that we have filed with the SEC (Commission File No. 001-32979 ):

∎ our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, which was filed on March 3, 2015;

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∎ the information specifically incorporated by reference into our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 from our definitive proxy statement relating to our 2015 annual meeting of stockholders, which was filed on April 3, 2015;

∎ our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2015, which was filed on April 30, 2015;

∎ our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2015, which was filed on July 30, 2015;

∎ our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2015, which was filed on November 2, 2015;

∎ our Current Reports on Form 8-K which were filed on January 7, 2015, February 12, 2015 (with respect to Items 1.01 and 9.01 only), June 1, 2015 and June 10, 2015;

∎ the description of our common stock set forth in our registration statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on January 28, 2005, as amended by Form 8-A/A, filed with the SEC on February 4, 2005, including any further amendments thereto or reports filed for the purposes of updating this description; and

∎ the description of our Series A Participating Preferred Stock contained in our registration statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on August 9, 2006, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description.

We also incorporate by reference any future filings (other than current reports furnished under Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of Form 8-K and exhibits filed on such form that are related to such items unless such Form 8-K expressly provides to the contrary) made with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, including those made after the date of the initial filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and prior to effectiveness of such registration statement, until we file a post-effective amendment that indicates the termination of the offering of the securities made by this prospectus and will become a part of this prospectus from the date that such documents are filed with the SEC. Information in such future filings updates and supplements the information provided in this prospectus. Any statements in any such future filings will automatically be deemed to modify and supersede any information in any document we previously filed with the SEC that is incorporated or deemed to be incorporated herein by reference to the extent that statements in the later filed document modify or replace such earlier statements.

We will furnish without charge to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom a prospectus is delivered, upon written or oral request, a copy of any or all of the documents incorporated by reference, including exhibits to these documents that are specifically incorporated by reference. You should direct any requests for documents to Threshold Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Attention: Investor Relations Department, 170 Harbor Way, Suite 300, South San Francisco, CA 94080. Our phone number is (650) 474-8200

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8,200,000 Shares

Molecular Templates, Inc.

Common Stock

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

Joint Book-Running Managers

Cowen Evercore ISI UBS Investment Bank

Lead Manager

Laidlaw & Company (UK) Ltd.

September 20, 2018