Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration No. 333-275213

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

(To Prospectus dated October 30, 2023)

$225,000,000

9.00% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due 2034

We are offering $225,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 9.00% fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes due 2034 (the “Notes”) pursuant to this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. The Notes will be offered in minimum denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof. The Notes will mature on May 15, 2034 (the “Maturity Date”). From and including the date of original issuance to, but excluding, May 15, 2029 or the date of earlier redemption (the “fixed rate period”), the Notes will bear interest at an initial rate of 9.00% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year, commencing on November 15, 2024. The last interest payment date for the fixed rate period will be May 15, 2029. From and including May 15, 2029 to, but excluding, the Maturity Date or the date of earlier redemption (the “floating rate period”), the Notes will bear interest at a floating rate per annum equal to the Benchmark rate (which is expected to be Three-Month Term SOFR), each as defined and subject to the provisions described under “Description of the Notes —  General” in this prospectus supplement, plus 476.5 basis points, payable quarterly in arrears on February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15 of each year, commencing on August 15, 2029. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Benchmark rate is less than zero, the Benchmark rate will be deemed to be zero.

We may, at our option, beginning with the interest payment date of May 15, 2029 and on any interest payment date thereafter, redeem the Notes, in whole or in part. The Notes will not otherwise be redeemable by us prior to maturity, unless certain events occur, as described under “Description of the Notes — Redemption” in this prospectus supplement. The redemption price for any redemption is 100% of the principal amount of the Notes being redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to, but excluding, the date of redemption. Any redemption of the Notes will be subject to the receipt of the approval of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”) to the extent then required under applicable laws or regulations, including capital regulations.

The Notes will be unsecured subordinated obligations, will rank pari passu, or equally, with all of our existing and future unsecured subordinated debt, will be senior to all of our existing and future junior subordinated debt and will be junior to all of our existing and future senior debt. The Notes will be structurally subordinated to all existing and future liabilities of our subsidiaries and will be effectively subordinated to our existing and future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness. There will be no sinking fund for the Notes. The Notes will be obligations of Provident Financial Services, Inc. (“PFS” or the “Company”) only and will not be obligations of, and will not be guaranteed by, any of PFS’s subsidiaries. For a more detailed description of the Notes, see “Description of the Notes.”

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for the Notes. The Notes will not be listed on any securities exchange or included in any automated quotation system.

The Notes are not deposits and are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) or any other governmental agency. The Notes are ineligible as collateral for a loan or extension of credit from PFS or any of its subsidiaries. None of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), the FDIC, the Federal Reserve, the New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance (the “NJDOBI”) or any other bank regulatory agency or any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of the Notes or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

Investing in the Notes involves risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-13 of this prospectus supplement and those risk factors in the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.

	Per Note			Total
Public offering price(1)		100.00	%	$	225,000,000
Underwriting discount(2)		1.25	%	$	2,812,500
Proceeds, before expenses, to us		98.75	%	$	222,187,500

(1) Plus accrued interest, if any, from the original issue date.

(2) See “Underwriting” in this prospectus supplement for details regarding the underwriters’ compensation.

The underwriters expect to deliver the Notes to purchasers in book-entry form through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company, against payment on or about May 13, 2024. See “Underwriting” in this prospectus supplement for details.

Joint Active Bookrunning Managers

Piper Sandler Keefe, Bruyette & Woods A Stifel Company

The date of this prospectus supplement is May 9, 2024.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

	Page
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT		S-1
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION		S-2
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE		S-3
CAUTIONARY NOTE CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS		S-4
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY		S-6
THE OFFERING		S-8
RISK FACTORS		S-13
USE OF PROCEEDS		S-23
CAPITALIZATION		S-24
DESCRIPTION OF THE NOTES		S-26
CERTAIN ERISA CONSIDERATIONS		S-44
MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS		S-46
UNDERWRITING		S-50
LEGAL MATTERS		S-53
EXPERTS		S-53

PROSPECTUS

	Page
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS		1
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION		2
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE		2
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS		3
PROVIDENT FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC.		4
RISK FACTORS		4
USE OF PROCEEDS		5
SUMMARY OF THE SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER		5
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK		5
DESCRIPTION OF DEPOSITARY SHARES		9
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES		12
DESCRIPTION OF PURCHASE CONTRACTS		21
DESCRIPTION OF UNITS		22
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION		22
LEGAL MATTERS		24
EXPERTS		24

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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

Unless the context indicates otherwise, the terms “PFS,” the “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus refer to Provident Financial Services, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

References to the “Bank” refer to Provident Bank. References to a particular year mean our fiscal year commencing on January 1 and ending on December 31 of that year.

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are part of a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the SEC. The registration statement incorporates by reference important business and financial information about us that is not included in or delivered with this document. This information, other than exhibits to documents that are not specifically incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus, is available to you via the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov or without charge upon written or oral request to PFS at the address or telephone number indicated in the section entitled “Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference” in this prospectus supplement.

This document contains two parts. The first part is this prospectus supplement, which contains specific information about us and the terms on which we are selling the Notes and adds to and updates information contained in the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein. The second part is the accompanying prospectus dated October 30, 2023, which contains and incorporates by reference a more general description of the securities we may offer from time to time, some of which does not apply to the Notes we are offering, and important business and financial information about us. If information contained in this prospectus supplement differs or varies from the information contained in the accompanying prospectus, you should rely on the information set forth in this prospectus supplement.

Neither we nor the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide you with any information other than that contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and any “free writing prospectus” prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we may have referred you. We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. We are not, and the underwriters are not, making an offer to sell the Notes in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, any free writing prospectus relating to this prospectus supplement provided or approved by us and the documents incorporated by reference in either this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus is accurate only as of the respective dates of those documents. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

Before you invest in the Notes, you should carefully read the registration statement (including the exhibits thereto) of which this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus form a part, this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. The incorporated documents are described under “Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference.”

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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our reports filed electronically with the SEC are available to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

We also maintain an Internet site where you can find additional information about us, including our SEC filings. The address of our Internet site is https://investorrelations.provident.bank/. All Internet addresses provided in this prospectus supplement or in the accompanying prospectus are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be hyperlinks. In addition, the information on our Internet website, or any other Internet site described in this prospectus supplement or in the accompanying prospectus, is not a part of, and is not incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in, this prospectus supplement or in the accompanying prospectus or other offering materials.

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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” much of the information that we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those publicly available documents. The information that we incorporate by reference is an important part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus or any other subsequently filed document that is deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus modifies or supersedes the statement. In other words, in the case of a conflict or inconsistency between information contained in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus and information incorporated by reference into this prospectus, you should rely on the information contained in the document that was filed later. Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus.

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus incorporate by reference the documents listed below and all documents we subsequently file with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, prior to the termination of the offering of the Notes described in this prospectus supplement; provided, however, that we are not incorporating by reference any documents, portions of documents or other information deemed to have been “furnished” and not “filed” with the SEC:

• our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on February 28, 2024;

• our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on March 15, 2024 (to the extent specifically incorporated by reference in the  Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on February 28, 2024);

• our Quarterly Report on Form  10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on April 26, 2024;

• our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February  23, 2024, March  25, 2024, March 29, 2024, April  12, 2024, April 30, 2024, and May 6, 2024, which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement in its entirety; and

• The description of our common stock included in the Company’s Registration Statement on  Form 8-A filed with the SEC on December 12, 2002 (File No. 001-31566), and any amendment or report filed with the SEC for the purpose of updating such description.

Upon request, we will provide to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom a copy of this prospectus supplement is delivered, a copy of any or all of the information that has been incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement but not delivered with this prospectus supplement (other than the exhibits to such documents which are not specifically incorporated by reference therein). We will provide this information at no cost to the requester upon written or oral request to Provident Financial Services, Inc., Attn: Investor Relations Department, 111 Wood Avenue South, Iselin, New Jersey 08830; Tel.: (732) 590-9306.

You should rely only on the information incorporated by reference or set forth in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus or in any free writing prospectus prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. Neither we nor any underwriters, dealers or agents have authorized anyone else to provide you with additional or different information.

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CAUTIONARY NOTE CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference or deemed incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus and any other written or oral statements made by us from time to time may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. Words such as “expects,” “believes,” “should,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “will,” “potential,” “could,” “intend,” “may,” “outlook,” “predict,” “project,” “would,” “estimated,” “assumes,” “likely,” and variations of such similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements.

All forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are beyond our control, that may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of PFS to differ materially from any results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among others:

• the economic environment, particularly in the market areas in which the Company operates;

• competitive products and pricing, fiscal and monetary policies of the U.S. Government;

• the effects of any turmoil or negative news in the banking industry;

• changes in accounting policies and practices that may be adopted by the regulatory agencies and the accounting standards setters;

• changes in government regulations affecting financial institutions, including regulatory fees and capital requirements;

• changes in prevailing interest rates;

• potential goodwill impairment;

• acquisitions and the integration of acquired businesses;

• credit risk management;

• asset-liability management;

• the financial and securities markets;

• changes in loan demand, real estate values, or deposit flows, including uninsured deposits, may affect the business of the Bank;

• the availability of and costs associated with sources of liquidity;

• acts of war, terrorism, natural disasters, global market disruptions, including global pandemics or political instability;

• the ability to complete, or any delays in completing, the pending merger between the Company and Lakeland Bancorp, Inc. (the “merger”);

• any failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the merger when expected or at all;

• certain restrictions during the pendency of the merger that may impact the Company’s ability to pursue certain business opportunities or strategic transactions;

• the possibility that the merger may be more expensive to complete than anticipated, including as a result of conditions imposed by regulators, unexpected factors or events, diversion of management’s attention from ongoing business operations and opportunities;

• our failure to comply with the conditions and commitments agreed to in connection with the regulatory approvals received for the merger;

• potential adverse reactions or changes to business or employee relationships, including those resulting from the completion of the merger and integration of the companies; and

• the impact of a potential shutdown of the federal government.

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These and other factors are more fully described under “Risk Factors” below and in Item 1A of our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on February 28, 2024, and other factors discussed in the filings we make with the SEC under the Exchange Act.

All forward-looking statements attributable to our Company are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which such statements are made. Except as required by law, we disclaim any obligation to update these forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. There is no assurance that future results, levels of activity, performance or goals will be achieved.

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PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY

This summary highlights selected information from this prospectus supplement and does not contain all of the information that you should consider in making your investment decision. You should read this summary together with the more detailed information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus supplement, as well as the information in the accompanying prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference or deemed incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. You should carefully consider, among other things, the matters discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors” in this prospectus supplement, in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, and in other documents that we subsequently file with the SEC. In addition, certain statements include forward-looking information that involves risks and uncertainties. See “Cautionary Note Concerning Forward-Looking Statements” in this prospectus supplement.

Overview

The Company is a Delaware corporation which became the holding company for Provident Bank (the “Bank”) on January 15, 2003, following the completion of the Bank’s conversion to a New Jersey-chartered capital stock savings bank. On January 15, 2003, the Company issued an aggregate of 59,618,300 shares of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share in a subscription offering, and contributed $4.8 million in cash and 1,920,000 shares of its common stock to The Provident Bank Foundation, a charitable foundation established by the Bank. As a result of the conversion and related stock offering, the Company raised $567.2 million in net proceeds, of which $293.2 million was utilized to acquire all of the outstanding common stock of the Bank. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had total consolidated assets of $14.1 billion, deposits of $10.1 billion and stockholders’ equity of $1.7 billion.

Established in 1839, the Bank is a New Jersey-chartered capital stock savings bank operating full-service branch offices throughout northern and central New Jersey, Bucks, Lehigh and Northampton counties in Pennsylvania, as well as Queens and Nassau Counties in New York. As a community- and customer-oriented institution, the Bank emphasizes personal service and customer convenience in serving the financial needs of the individuals, families and businesses residing in its primary market areas. The Bank attracts deposits from the general public and businesses primarily in the areas surrounding its banking offices and uses those funds, together with funds generated from operations and borrowings, to originate commercial real estate loans, commercial business loans, residential mortgage loans, and consumer loans. The Bank invests in mortgage-backed securities and other permissible investments. The Bank also provides fiduciary and wealth management services through its wholly owned subsidiary, Beacon Trust Company and insurance brokerage services through its wholly owned subsidiary, Provident Protection Plus, Inc.

Our common stock is traded on the NYSE under the symbol “PFS.”

Corporate Information

Our main office is located at 239 Washington Street, Jersey City, New Jersey 07302 and our principal administrative office is located at 111 Wood Avenue South, Iselin, New Jersey 08830. Our telephone number is (732) 590-9200 and our website is https://www.provident.bank/. The information on our website is not part of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus and is not incorporated by reference herein or therein.

Pending Merger with Lakeland Bancorp, Inc.

On September 26, 2022, the Company entered into a definitive merger agreement (the “Merger Agreement”) with Lakeland Bancorp, Inc. (“Lakeland”) and NL 239 Corp., a Delaware corporation and a direct,

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wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“Merger Sub”), pursuant to which (i) Merger Sub will merge with and into Lakeland, with Lakeland as the surviving entity (the “Merger”), (ii) Lakeland will merge with and into the Company (the “Holdco Merger”), with the Company as the surviving entity (following the Transactions, as defined below, the “Combined Company”) and (iii) at a date and time following the Holdco Merger as determined by the Company, Lakeland Bank, a New Jersey state-chartered commercial bank and a wholly owned subsidiary of Lakeland, will merge with and into Provident Bank, a New Jersey state-chartered savings bank and a wholly owned subsidiary of Provident, with Provident Bank as the surviving bank (the “Bank Merger” and, together with the Merger and the Holdco Merger, the “Transactions”). The Merger Agreement was unanimously approved by the board of directors of each of the Company and Lakeland and shareholder approval has also been received from both the Company and Lakeland. Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, each share of Lakeland common stock will be exchanged for 0.8319 shares of the Company’s common stock, plus cash in lieu of fractional shares. Upon completion of the Transactions, the Company’s shareholders will own approximately 58% and Lakeland’s shareholders will own approximately 42% of the Combined Company. The Combined Company is expected to have more than $24.5 billion in total assets, $18.8 billion in total loans and $18.6 billion in total deposits on a pro forma basis as of March 31, 2024. See “Capitalization” for more information.

Regulatory Approvals for the Merger

The Company and Provident Bank have received the requisite regulatory approvals from the Federal Reserve, the FDIC and the NJDOBI to complete the merger. The approvals from the FDIC and the Federal Reserve are subject to certain conditions and commitments (referred to as the “Regulatory Conditions”), including the following:

• Prior to consummation of the merger, the Company must complete the issuance of at least $200 million of Tier 2 qualifying subordinated debt;

• For three years following consummation of the merger, Provident Bank must maintain regulatory capital ratios at or above 8.50% for Tier 1 Leverage Capital and 11.25% for Total Risk Based Capital;

• Provident Bank must maintain its commercial real estate concentrations (as a percent of capital and reserves) at levels at or below those forecasted in the pro forma financial projections that Provident Bank submitted to the FDIC (see footnote 4 to the table under “Capitalization”);

• Upon consummation of the merger, no more than five members of the fourteen members of the Board of Directors of Provident Bank shall be current or former members of the Board of Directors of Lakeland Bank;

• For two years following consummation of the merger, the Company must provide 30 days written notice to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (“Reserve Bank”) prior to making any capital distribution;

• Within 60 days following consummation of the merger, the Company must submit to the Reserve Bank a plan to maintain satisfactory capital for the Company at the consolidated level; and

• Provident Bank must submit an action plan to the FDIC for its approval to address strategies to improve home mortgage applications from and originations to all demographic populations within the combined banks’ reasonably expected market area, particularly to Black applicants.

The Merger is expected to be completed in the second calendar quarter of 2024, following completion of this offering.

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THE OFFERING

The following summary highlights selected information from this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus about the Notes and this offering. This description is not complete and does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in the Notes. You should read this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, as well as the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein, carefully before making a decision about whether to invest in the Notes. For a more complete understanding of the Notes, you should read the section of this prospectus supplement entitled “Description of the Notes.”

Issuer Provident Financial Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a bank holding company.

Notes Offered 9.00% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due 2034

Aggregate Principal Amount $225,000,000

Issue Price 100.00%

Maturity Date The Notes will mature on May 15, 2034.

Interest Fixed rate period: A fixed rate per annum of 9.00%.

Floating rate period: A floating per annum rate equal to the Benchmark rate (which is expected to be Three-Month Term SOFR) plus 476.5 basis points for each quarterly interest period during the floating rate period; provided, however, that if the Benchmark rate is less than zero, the Benchmark rate will be deemed to be zero.

For each interest period during the floating rate period, “Three-Month Term SOFR” means the rate for Term SOFR for a tenor of three months that is published by the Term SOFR Administrator at the Reference Time for any interest period, as determined by the calculation agent after giving effect to the Three-Month Term SOFR Conventions (each as defined under “Description of the Notes”).

If the calculation agent determines on or prior to the relevant Reference Time that a Benchmark Transition Event and its related Benchmark Replacement Date (each as defined under “Description of the Notes”) have occurred with respect to Three-Month Term SOFR, then the provisions under “Description of the Notes — Effect of Benchmark Transition Event,” which are referred to herein as the “benchmark transition provisions,” will thereafter apply to all determinations of the interest rate on the Notes for each interest period during the floating rate period. In accordance with the benchmark transition provisions, after a Benchmark Transition Event and its related Benchmark Replacement Date have occurred, the interest rate on the Notes for each interest period during the floating rate period will be an annual rate equal to the Benchmark Replacement (as defined under Description of the Notes) plus 476.5 basis points.

We will appoint a calculation agent for the Notes (which may be us or an affiliate) prior to the commencement of the floating rate period. We will act as the initial calculation agent.

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Interest Payment Dates Fixed rate period: May 15 and November 15 of each year, commencing on November 15, 2024. The last interest payment date for the fixed rate period will be May 15, 2029.

Floating rate period: February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15 of each year, commencing on August 15, 2029.

Record Dates Interest on each Note will be payable to the person in whose name such Note is registered on the 15th day (whether or not a Business Day) immediately preceding the applicable interest payment date.

Day Count Convention Fixed rate period: 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months.

Floating rate period: 360-day year and the actual number of days elapsed.

No Guarantee The Notes will not be guaranteed by any of our subsidiaries. As a result, the Notes will be structurally subordinated to the liabilities of our subsidiaries as discussed below under “Ranking; Subordination.”

Ranking; Subordination The Notes offered by this prospectus supplement will be issued by us under an Indenture between PFS and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”), to be dated as of the issue date (the “Base Indenture”), as supplemented by a First Supplemental Indenture between PFS and the Trustee, to be dated as of the issue date (the “First Supplemental Indenture”). We refer to the Base Indenture, as supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture, as the “Indenture.” The Notes will be our unsecured, subordinated obligations and:

• will rank junior in right of payment and upon our liquidation to any of our existing and all future senior indebtedness (as defined under “Description of the Notes — Subordination of the Notes”), all as described under “Description of the Notes”;

• will rank equal in right of payment and upon our liquidation with any of our existing and all of our future indebtedness the terms of which provide that such indebtedness ranks equally with the Notes;

• will rank senior in right of payment and upon our liquidation to (i) our existing junior subordinated debentures underlying outstanding trust preferred securities and (ii) any of our future indebtedness the terms of which provide that such indebtedness ranks junior in right of payment to indebtedness such as the Notes; and

• will be (i) effectively subordinated to our future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness, and (ii) structurally subordinated to the existing and future indebtedness of our subsidiaries, including without limitation the Bank’s depositors, liabilities to general creditors and liabilities arising in the ordinary course of business or otherwise.

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As of March 31, 2024, on a consolidated basis, our outstanding debt and deposits totaled approximately $12.2 billion, which includes approximately $10.1 billion of deposit liabilities that would rank senior to the Notes. In addition, as of March 31, 2024, we (at the holding company level) had no indebtedness that would rank senior to the Notes, no indebtedness that would rank pari passu to the Notes, and $12.5 million of indebtedness related to existing junior subordinated debentures underlying outstanding trust preferred securities that would rank junior to the Notes. The Indenture will not limit the amount of additional indebtedness we or our subsidiaries may incur.

The Combined Company is expected to have outstanding debt and deposits totaling approximately $21.8 billion on a pro forma basis as of March 31, 2024, which will include approximately $18.6 billion of deposit liabilities that would rank senior to the Notes. In addition, the Combined Company is expected to have (at the holding company level) no indebtedness that would rank senior to the Notes, $150.0 million of indebtedness that would rank pari passu to the Notes, and $60.5 million of indebtedness related to existing junior subordinated debentures underlying outstanding trust preferred securities that would rank junior to the Notes, on a pro forma basis as of March 31, 2024.

Form and Denomination The Notes will be offered in book-entry form only through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company (with its successors, “DTC”) in minimum denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof.

Optional Redemption We may, at our option, beginning with the interest payment date of May 15, 2029, and on any interest payment date thereafter, redeem the Notes, in whole or in part, from time to time, subject to obtaining the prior approval of the Federal Reserve to the extent such approval is then required under the rules of the Federal Reserve, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes being redeemed plus any accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the date of redemption.

Special Redemption We may also redeem the Notes at any time prior to their maturity, including prior to May 15, 2029, in whole, but not in part, subject to obtaining the prior approval of the Federal Reserve to the extent such approval is then required under the rules of the Federal Reserve, upon or after the occurrence of (1) a Tax Event (as defined below in “Description of the Notes—Redemption”); (2) a subsequent event occurs that, as a result of which, there is more than an insubstantial risk that we would not be entitled to treat the Notes as Tier 2 capital for regulatory capital purposes; or (3) our being required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. In each case, the redemption would be at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. For more information, see “Description of the Notes—Redemption.”

Sinking Fund There will be no sinking fund for the Notes.

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Directed Notes Program At our request, the underwriters have reserved up to 10% of the Notes being offered hereby for sale at the offering price to our directors and officers, and directors and officers of Lakeland. We do not know if these persons will choose to purchase all or any portion of these reserved Notes but any purchases they do make will reduce the number of Notes available for sale to the general public. Any reserved Notes not purchased by these persons will be offered by the underwriters to the general public on the same basis as the other Notes offered by this prospectus.

The sales of Notes pursuant to the directed Notes program will be made by Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc., an underwriter of this offering. See “Underwriting—Directed Notes Program.”

Future Issuances The Notes will initially be limited to an aggregate principal amount of $225,000,000. We may, from time to time, without notice to or consent of the holders of the Notes, issue additional Notes in the future with the same terms as the Notes, except for the issue date, the offering price, the initial interest accrual date and the first interest payment date, and such additional notes may be consolidated with the Notes issued in this offering and form a single series; provided that if any such additional notes are not fungible with the Notes for U.S. federal income tax purposes, such additional notes will have a separate CUSIP or other identifying number.

Use of Proceeds We estimate that the net proceeds from this offering will be approximately $219,250,000, after deducting the underwriting discount and our estimated offering expenses. The purpose of the offering is to satisfy certain Regulatory Conditions agreed to in connection with the merger with Lakeland. We intend to invest all the net proceeds in the Company’s subsidiary, Provident Bank. Provident Bank expects that the net proceeds will initially be invested in securities and used for other general corporate purposes, which may include repayment of FHLB advances or other indebtedness. See “Use of Proceeds.”

Listing The Notes will not be listed on any securities exchange or quoted on any quotation system. Currently, there is no market for the Notes, and there is no assurance that any public market for the Notes will develop.

ERISA Considerations For a discussion of certain prohibited transactions and fiduciary duty issues pertaining to purchases by or on behalf of an employee benefit plan, see “Certain ERISA Considerations.”

Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations For a discussion of material U.S. federal income tax considerations of purchasing, owning and disposing of the Notes, see “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.”

Governing Law The Notes and the Indenture will be governed by the laws of the State of New York.

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Trustee Wilmington Trust, National Association

Risk Factors Investing in the Notes involves risks. Potential investors are urged to read and consider the risk factors relating to an investment in the Notes set forth under “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-13 of this prospectus supplement, as well as the risk factors and other information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including those under Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 as supplemented by our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 and our Current Reports on Form 8-K, for a discussion of factors that you should carefully consider before deciding whether to invest in the Notes.

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RISK FACTORS

An investment in our securities is subject to risks inherent to our business. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below together with the risk factors and other information included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as supplemented by our Current Reports on Form 8-K, our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 and in other documents that we subsequently file with the SEC, all of which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Additional risks and uncertainties that management is not aware of or that management currently deems immaterial may also impair our business operations. See also the discussion under the heading “Cautionary Note Concerning Forward-Looking Statements.” This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are qualified in their entirety by these risk factors. If any of these risks actually occurs, our financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. If this were to happen, the value of our securities could decline significantly, and you could lose all or part of your investment.

Risk Factors Related to the Pending Merger with Lakeland

The regulatory approvals received for the merger of the Company and Lakeland include conditions and commitments that could in the future have adverse effects on the Company.

The Company and Provident Bank have received approvals from the bank regulatory authorities to consummate the merger with Lakeland, subject to certain Regulatory Conditions. The Regulatory Conditions include, but are not limited to: prior to consummation of the merger, the Company must complete the issuance of at least $200 million of Tier 2 qualifying subordinated debt; for three years following consummation of the merger, Provident Bank must maintain regulatory capital ratios at or above 8.50% for Tier 1 Leverage Capital and 11.25% for Total Risk Based Capital; and Provident Bank must maintain its commercial real estate concentrations (as a percent of capital and reserves) at levels at or below those forecasted in the pro forma financial projections that Provident Bank submitted to the FDIC (see footnote 4 to the table under “Capitalization”). The failure to comply with the Regulatory Conditions following the consummation of the merger could result in supervisory and enforcement actions against the Company and Provident Bank, including the issuance of a cease and desist order or the imposition of civil money penalties, and could constrain the Company’s business operations, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects, including ultimately our ability to pay interest on the Notes.

Failure to complete the merger could negatively impact us and the value of and market for the Notes.

If the merger is not completed for any reason following completion of this offering, there may be various adverse consequences for us, which could impact the value of and market for the Notes. If the merger is not completed, we may experience negative reactions from the financial markets and from our customers and employees. We also could be subject to litigation or enforcement actions related to any failure to consummate the merger. If the merger is not completed, we will have to pay certain expenses related to the merger and this offering without realizing the expected benefits of the merger. Consequently, the failure to complete the merger could have a material adverse impact on us, which could impact the value of and market for the Notes.

Risk Factors Related to the Notes

The Notes will be unsecured and subordinated to any existing and future senior indebtedness.

The Notes will be subordinated obligations of PFS. Accordingly, they will be junior in right of payment to any existing and all future senior indebtedness, and in certain events of insolvency, to other financial obligations as described under “Description of the Notes.” Our senior indebtedness includes all indebtedness, except

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indebtedness that is expressly subordinated to or ranked pari passu with the Notes, subject to certain exceptions. The Notes will rank equally with all other unsecured subordinated indebtedness of PFS issued in the future under the Indenture. In addition, the Notes will be structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness, liabilities and other obligations, including deposits of our subsidiaries, including the Bank. As of March 31, 2024, on a consolidated basis, our outstanding debt and deposits totaled approximately $12.2 billion, which includes approximately $10.1 billion of deposit liabilities that rank senior to the Notes. In addition, as of March 31, 2024, we (at the holding company level) had no indebtedness that would rank senior to the Notes, no indebtedness that would rank pari passu to the Notes, and $12.5 million of indebtedness related to existing junior subordinated debentures underlying outstanding trust preferred securities that would rank junior to the Notes.

In addition, the Notes will not be secured by any of our assets. As a result, the Notes will be effectively subordinated to all of our secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness. The Indenture governing the Notes does not limit the amount of senior indebtedness and other financial obligations or secured obligations that we or our subsidiaries may incur.

As a result of the subordination provisions described above, holders of the Notes may not be fully repaid in the event of our bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization.

The Notes will not be insured or guaranteed by the FDIC, any other governmental agency or any of our subsidiaries. The Notes will be structurally subordinated to the indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries, which means that creditors of our subsidiaries generally will be paid from those subsidiaries’ assets before holders of the Notes would have any claims to those assets.

The Notes are not savings accounts, deposits or other obligations of the Bank or any of our non-bank subsidiaries and are not insured or guaranteed by the FDIC or any other governmental agency or public or private insurer. The Notes are obligations of PFS only and are neither obligations of, nor guaranteed by, any of our subsidiaries. The Notes will be structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries, which means that creditors of our subsidiaries (including, in the case of the Bank, its depositors) generally will be paid from those subsidiaries’ assets before holders of the Notes would have any claims to those assets. Even if we become a creditor of any of our subsidiaries, our rights as a creditor would be subordinate to any security interest in the assets of that subsidiary and any debt of that subsidiary senior to that held by us, and our rights could otherwise be subordinated to the rights of other creditors and depositors of that subsidiary. Furthermore, none of our subsidiaries is under any obligation to make payments to us, and any payments to us depend on the earnings or financial condition of our subsidiaries and various business considerations. Statutory, contractual or other restrictions also limit our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends or make distributions, loans or advances to us. For these reasons, we may not have access to any assets or cash flows of our subsidiaries to make interest and principal payments on the Notes.

The Indenture governing the Notes does not contain any limitations on our ability to incur additional indebtedness, grant or incur a lien on our assets, sell or otherwise dispose of assets, pay dividends or repurchase our capital stock.

Neither we nor any of our subsidiaries are restricted from incurring additional indebtedness or other liabilities, including additional senior or subordinated indebtedness, under the Indenture governing the terms of the Notes. If we incur additional indebtedness or liabilities, our ability to pay our obligations on the Notes could be adversely affected. We expect that we will from time to time incur additional indebtedness and other liabilities. In addition, we are not restricted under the Indenture governing the Notes from granting or incurring a lien on any of our assets, selling or otherwise disposing of any of our assets, paying dividends or issuing or repurchasing our securities including our regular quarterly dividend and share repurchases pursuant to our previously announced share repurchase program.

In addition, there are no financial covenants in the Indenture governing the Notes. Except as expressly provided in the Indenture, you are not protected under the Indenture governing the Notes in the event of a highly

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leveraged transaction, reorganization, default under our existing indebtedness, restructuring, merger or similar transaction that may adversely affect you. See “Description of the Notes — Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets.”

Payments on the Notes will depend on receipt of dividends and distributions from our subsidiaries.

We are a bank holding company and we conduct substantially all of our operations through subsidiaries, including the Bank. We depend on dividends, distributions and other payments from our subsidiaries to meet our obligations, including to fund payments on the Notes.

Federal and state banking regulations limit dividends from our bank subsidiary to us. Generally, banks are prohibited from paying dividends when doing so would cause them to fall below regulatory minimum capital levels. Under New Jersey state law, a bank may not pay dividends unless, following the dividend payment, the capital stock of the bank would be unimpaired and either (1) the bank will have a surplus of not less than 50% of its capital stock, or, if not, (2) the payment of the dividend will not reduce the surplus of the bank.

In addition, federal bank regulatory agencies have the authority to prohibit the Bank from engaging in unsafe or unsound practices in conducting its business. The payment of dividends or other transfers of funds to us, depending on the financial condition of the Bank, could be deemed an unsafe or unsound practice.

Accordingly, we can provide no assurance that we will receive dividends or other distributions from our bank subsidiary and our other subsidiaries in an amount sufficient to pay interest on or principal of the Notes.

We may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of our debt, including the Notes.

Our ability to make scheduled payments of principal and interest, or to satisfy our obligations in respect of our debt or to refinance our debt, will depend on the future performance of our operating subsidiaries. Prevailing economic conditions (including interest rates), regulatory constraints, including, without limitation, limiting distributions to us from the Bank and required capital levels with respect to the Bank and financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control, will also affect our ability to meet these needs. Our subsidiaries may not be able to generate sufficient cash flows from operations, or we may be unable to obtain future borrowings in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our debt, or to fund our other liquidity needs. We may need to refinance all or a portion of our debt at or before maturity. We may not be able to refinance any of our debt when needed (including, without limitation, upon commencement of the floating rate period) on commercially reasonable terms or at all.

Regulatory guidelines may restrict our ability to pay the principal of, and accrued and unpaid interest on, the Notes.

As a bank holding company, our ability to pay the principal of, and interest on, the Notes is subject to the rules and guidelines of the Federal Reserve regarding capital adequacy. We intend to treat the Notes as “Tier 2 capital” under these rules and guidelines. The Federal Reserve guidelines generally require us to review the effects of the cash payment on Tier 2 capital instruments, such as the Notes, on our overall financial condition. The guidelines also require that we review our net income for the current and past four quarters, and the amounts we have paid on Tier 2 capital instruments for those periods, as well as our projected rate of earnings retention. Moreover, pursuant to federal law and Federal Reserve regulations, as a bank holding company, we are required to act as a source of financial and managerial strength to the Bank and commit resources to its support, including, without limitation, the guarantee of its capital plans if it is undercapitalized. Such support may be required at times when we may not otherwise be inclined or able to provide it. As a result of the foregoing, we may be unable to pay accrued interest on the Notes on one or more of the scheduled interest payment dates, or at any other time, or the principal of the Notes at the maturity of the Notes.

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If we were to be the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, then the bankruptcy trustee would be deemed to have assumed, and would be required to cure immediately, any deficit under any commitment we have to any of the federal banking agencies to maintain the capital of the Bank, and any other insured depository institution for which we have such a responsibility, and any claim for breach of such obligation would generally have priority over most other unsecured claims.

Holders of the Notes will have limited rights, including limited rights of acceleration, if there is an event of default.

Payment of principal on the Notes may be accelerated only in the case of certain events of bankruptcy or insolvency involving us or the Bank. There is no automatic acceleration, or right of acceleration, in the case of default in the payment of principal of or interest on the Notes, or in the performance of any of our other obligations under the Notes or the Indenture governing the Notes. Our regulators can, if we or the Bank become subject to an enforcement action, prohibit the Bank from paying dividends to us, and prevent our payment of interest on or principal of the Notes and any dividends on our capital stock, but such limits will not permit acceleration of the Notes. See “Description of the Notes — Events of Default; Limitation on Suits.”

An active trading market for the Notes may not develop.

The Notes constitute a new issue of securities for which there is no existing trading market. We do not intend to apply for listing of the Notes on any securities exchange or for quotation of the Notes in any automated dealer quotation system. We cannot provide you with any assurance regarding whether a trading market for the Notes will develop, the ability of holders of the Notes to sell their Notes or the prices at which holders may be able to sell their Notes. The underwriters have advised us that they currently intend to make a secondary market in the Notes. The underwriters, however, are not obligated to do so, and any market-making with respect to the Notes may be discontinued at any time without notice. There may be a limited number of buyers if you decide to sell your Notes. This may affect the price you receive for your Notes or your ability to sell your Notes at all. Investors in the Notes may not be able to sell the Notes at all or may not be able to sell the Notes at prices that will provide them with a yield comparable to similar investments that have a developed secondary market, and may consequently suffer from increased pricing volatility and market risk.

If a trading market for the Notes develops, changes in the debt markets, among others, could adversely affect your ability to liquidate your investment in the Notes and the market price of the Notes.

Many factors could affect the trading market for, and the trading value of, the Notes. These factors include: the method of calculating the principal, premium, if any, interest or other amounts payable, if any, on the Notes; the time remaining to the maturity of the Notes; the ranking of the Notes; the redemption features of the Notes; the outstanding amount of subordinated notes with terms similar or identical to the Notes offered hereby; the prevailing interest rates being paid by other companies similar to us; changes in U.S. interest rates; whether the ratings on the Notes or us provided by any rating agency have changed; our financial condition, financial performance and future prospects; the level, direction and volatility of market interest rates generally; general economic conditions of the capital markets in the United States; and geopolitical conditions and other financial, political, regulatory, and judicial events that affect the capital markets generally. The condition of the financial markets and prevailing interest rates have fluctuated significantly in the past and are likely to fluctuate in the future. Such fluctuations could adversely affect the trading market (if any) for, and the market price of, the Notes.

Because the Notes may be redeemed at our option under certain circumstances prior to their maturity, if we elect to redeem all or any portion of the Notes, you may be subject to reinvestment risk.

On or after May 15, 2029, we may, at our option, redeem the Notes in whole or in part on each interest payment date. In addition, we may also redeem the Notes prior to maturity, at our option, in whole but not in part, upon or after the occurrence of (1) a Tax Event (as defined below in “Description of the Notes—

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Redemption”); (2) a subsequent event occurs that, as a result of which, there is more than an insubstantial risk that we would not be entitled to treat the Notes as Tier 2 capital for regulatory capital purposes; or (3) our being required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The redemption price for any redemption is 100% of the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, if any, to, but excluding, the date of redemption. Any redemption of the Notes will be subject to the receipt of the approval of the Federal Reserve, to the extent then required under applicable laws or regulations, including capital regulations. Any such redemption may have the effect of reducing the income or return that you may receive on an investment in the Notes by reducing the term of the investment. Under current regulatory capital guidelines, the aggregate principal amount of the Notes that will count as Tier 2 capital will be reduced by 20% in each of the last five years prior to the Maturity Date of the Notes. As a result, we may be more likely to redeem the Notes prior to their Maturity Date. If this occurs, you may not be able to reinvest the proceeds at an interest rate comparable to the rate paid on the Notes. See “Description of the Notes — Redemption.”

We may elect to redeem the Notes on or after the date on which they become redeemable at our option; however, investors should not expect us to make such election on such date when the Notes are first redeemable or at any time thereafter. Under Federal Reserve regulations, unless the Federal Reserve authorizes us in writing to do otherwise, we may not redeem the Notes unless they are replaced with other Tier 2 capital instruments or unless we can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Federal Reserve that, following redemption, we will continue to hold capital commensurate with our risk.

The amount of interest payable on the Notes will vary after May 15, 2029.

During the fixed rate period, the Notes will bear interest at an initial rate of 9.00% per annum. Thereafter, the Notes will bear interest at a floating rate per annum equal to the Benchmark rate (which is expected to be Three-Month Term SOFR) plus 476.5 basis points, subject to the provisions under “Description of the Notes — General.” The per annum interest rate that is determined at the reference time for each interest period will apply to the entire quarterly interest period following such determination date even if the Benchmark rate increases during that period.

Floating rate notes bear additional significant risks not associated with fixed rate debt securities. These risks include fluctuation of the interest rates and the possibility that you will receive an amount of interest that is lower than expected. We have no control over a number of matters, including, without limitation, economic, financial, and political events, that are important in determining the existence, magnitude, and longevity of market volatility and other risks and their impact on the value of, or payments made on, the Notes. In recent years, interest rates have been volatile, and that volatility may be expected in the future.

Our published credit ratings may not reflect all risks of an investment in the Notes.

The published credit ratings of us or our indebtedness are an assessment by rating agencies of our ability to pay our debts when due. These ratings are not recommendations to purchase, hold or sell the Notes, inasmuch as the ratings do not comment as to market price or suitability for a particular investor, are limited in scope, and do not address all material risks relating to an investment in the Notes, but rather reflect only the view of each rating agency at the time the rating is issued. The published credit ratings assigned to the Notes may not reflect the potential impact of all risks related to structure and other factors on any trading market for, or trading value of, the Notes.

Accordingly, you should consult your own financial and legal advisors as to the risks entailed by an investment in the Notes and the suitability of investing in the Notes in light of your particular circumstances.

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A downgrade of our credit ratings or the ratings of our subsidiaries or other financial institutions could have a material adverse impact on us and the value of and market for the Notes.

Rating agencies continuously evaluate us and our subsidiaries, and their ratings of our long-term and short-term debt are based on a number of factors, including financial strength, as well as factors not entirely within our control, such as conditions affecting the financial services industry generally. In light of these reviews and the continued focus on the financial services industry generally, we and our subsidiaries may not be able to maintain our current credit ratings. Ratings downgrades by a rating agency could have a significant and immediate impact on our funding and liquidity through cash obligations, reduced funding capacity and collateral triggers. A reduction in our or our subsidiaries’ credit ratings could also increase our borrowing costs and limit access to the capital markets. These changes could have a material adverse impact on the value of and market for the Notes.

Downgrades in the credit or financial strength ratings assigned to the counterparties with whom we transact could create the perception that our financial condition will be adversely impacted as a result of potential future defaults by such counterparties. Additionally, we could be adversely affected by a general, negative perception of financial institutions caused by the downgrade of other financial institutions. Accordingly, ratings downgrades for other financial institutions could affect the market price of our stock and could limit our access to or increase our cost of capital. These changes could have a material adverse impact on the value of and market for the Notes.

Investors should not rely on indicative or historical data concerning SOFR or Three-Month Term SOFR.

The interest rate during the floating rate period will be determined using Three-Month Term SOFR (unless a Benchmark Transition Event and its related Benchmark Replacement Date occur with respect to Three-Month Term SOFR, in which case the rate of interest will be based on the next-available Benchmark Replacement, which is Compounded SOFR). In the following discussion of SOFR, when we refer to the Notes, we mean the Notes at any time during the floating rate period when the interest rate on the Notes is or will be determined based on SOFR, including Three-Month Term SOFR.

SOFR is published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (“FRBNY”) and is intended to be a broad measure of the cost of borrowing cash overnight collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities. FRBNY reports that SOFR includes all trades in the Broad General Collateral Rate, plus bilateral U.S. Treasury repurchase agreement (“repo”) transactions cleared through the delivery-versus-payment service offered by the Fixed Income Clearing Corporation (the “FICC”), a subsidiary of DTC. SOFR is filtered by FRBNY to remove a portion of the foregoing transactions considered to be “specials.” According to FRBNY, “specials” are repos for specific-issue collateral that take place at cash-lending rates below those for general collateral repos because cash providers are willing to accept a lesser return on their cash to obtain a particular security.

FRBNY reports that SOFR is calculated as a volume-weighted median of transaction-level tri-party repo data collected from The Bank of New York Mellon, which currently acts as the clearing bank for the tri-party repo market, as well as General Collateral Finance Repo transaction data and data on bilateral U.S. Treasury repo transactions cleared through the FICC’s delivery-versus-payment service. FRBNY states that it obtains information from DTCC Solutions LLC, an affiliate of DTC.

FRBNY currently publishes SOFR daily on its website at https://www.newyorkfed.org/markets/reference-rates/sofr. FRBNY states on its publication page for SOFR that use of SOFR is subject to important disclaimers, limitations and indemnification obligations, including that FRBNY may alter the methods of calculation, publication schedule, rate revision practices or availability of SOFR at any time without notice. The foregoing Internet website is an inactive textual reference only, meaning that the information contained on the website is not part of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus or incorporated by reference herein or therein.

On July 29, 2021, the Alternative Reference Rates Committee (the “ARRC”) convened by the Federal Reserve and FRBNY formally recommended the use of the CME Group’s computation of forward-looking SOFR

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term rates, which are calculated by the CME Group based on SOFR futures. It is currently anticipated that Three-Month Term SOFR, for purposes of the Notes, will be based on the CME Group’s forward-looking SOFR term rates with a tenor of three months.

FRBNY started publishing SOFR in April 2018. FRBNY has also started publishing historical indicative SOFRs dating back to 2014, although such historical indicative data inherently involves assumptions, estimates and approximations. Similarly, certain historical Three-Month Term SOFR data is available from CME Group. Investors should not rely on any such historical data, indicative or otherwise, or on any historical changes or trends in SOFR Three-Month Term SOFR as an indicator of the future performance of SOFR or Three-Month Term SOFR.

Term SOFR and SOFR may be more volatile than other benchmark or market rates.

Since the initial publication of SOFR, daily changes in the rate have, on occasion, been more volatile than daily changes in comparable benchmark or market rates, and Term SOFR and SOFR over time may bear little or no relation to the historical actual or historical indicative data. In addition, the return on and value of the Notes may fluctuate more than floating rate securities that are linked to less volatile rates.

Changes in Term SOFR and SOFR could adversely affect holders of the Notes and the trading prices for the Notes.

Because Term SOFR and SOFR are based on data received from other sources, we have no control over its determination, calculation or publication. There is no assurance that either SOFR or Term SOFR will not be discontinued or fundamentally altered in a manner that is materially adverse to the interests of investors in the Notes. If the manner in which Term SOFR or SOFR are calculated is changed, that change may result in a reduction in the amount of interest that accrues on the Notes during the floating rate period, which may adversely affect the trading prices of the Notes. Further, if the Benchmark rate on the Notes during the floating rate period on any determination date declines to zero or becomes negative, the Benchmark will be deemed to equal zero. In addition, once the Benchmark rate for the Notes for each interest period during the floating rate period is determined by the calculation agent on the determination date, interest on the Notes will accrue based on such Benchmark rate for the applicable interest period and will not be subject to change during such interest period. There is no assurance that changes in Term SOFR or SOFR could not have a material adverse effect on the yield on, value of and market for the Notes.

SOFR and Term SOFR differ fundamentally from, and may not be a comparable substitute for, U.S. dollar LIBOR.

In June 2017, the ARRC announced SOFR as its recommended alternative to the London interbank offered rate (“LIBOR”) for U.S. dollar obligations. However, because SOFR is a broad U.S. Treasury repo financing rate that represents overnight secured funding transactions, it differs fundamentally from LIBOR. For example, SOFR is a secured overnight rate, while LIBOR is an unsecured rate that represents interbank funding over different maturities. In addition, because SOFR is a transaction-based rate, it is backward-looking, whereas LIBOR is forward-looking. Because of these and other differences, there is no assurance that SOFR will perform in the same way as LIBOR would have performed at any time, and there is no guarantee that it is a comparable substitute for LIBOR. While Term SOFR operates more similarly to LIBOR in that it is forward looking, the market data that underlies the determination of Term SOFR is based on SOFR which, as noted above, is fundamentally different from the market data that was used to determine LIBOR. As a result, there is no assurance that Term SOFR will perform in the same way as LIBOR would have performed at any time, and there is no guarantee that it is a comparable substitute for LIBOR

Any failure of Term SOFR or SOFR to gain market acceptance could adversely affect holders of the Notes.

Term SOFR or SOFR may fail to gain market acceptance. SOFR was developed for use in certain U.S. dollar derivatives and other financial contracts as an alternative to LIBOR in part because it is considered to be a

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good representation of general funding conditions in the overnight U.S. Treasury repo market. However, as a rate based on transactions secured by U.S. Treasury securities, it does not measure bank-specific credit risk and, as a result, is less likely to correlate with the unsecured short-term funding costs of banks. This may mean that market participants would not consider SOFR to be a comparable substitute or successor for all of the purposes for which LIBOR historically has been used (including, without limitation, as a representation of the unsecured short-term funding costs of banks), which may, in turn, lessen its market acceptance. Any failure of Term SOFR or SOFR to gain market acceptance could adversely affect the yield on, value of and market for the Notes.

The interest rate for the Notes during the applicable floating rate period may be determined based on a rate other than Three-Month Term SOFR.

Under the terms of the Notes, the interest rate on the Notes for each interest period during the applicable floating rate period will be based on Three-Month Term SOFR, a forward-looking term rate for a tenor of three months that will be based on SOFR. Uncertainty surrounding the adoption and use of forward-looking term rates based on SOFR could have a material adverse effect on the return on, value of, and market for the Notes. Use and adoption of Three-Month SOFR or forward-looking term rates based on SOFR may require updates to systems and operational processes to facilitate the calculation and determination thereof. If, at the commencement of the floating rate period for the Notes, we determine that the use of a forward-looking rate for a tenor of three months based on SOFR is not administratively feasible, then the next-available Benchmark Replacement under the benchmark transition provisions will be used to determine the interest rate on the Notes during the applicable floating rate period (unless a Benchmark Transition Event and its related Benchmark Replacement Date occur with respect to that next-available Benchmark Replacement).

Under the terms of the Notes, the calculation agent (which may be us) is expressly authorized to make determinations, decisions or elections with respect to technical, administrative or operational matters that it decides are appropriate to reflect the use of Three-Month Term SOFR as the interest rate basis for the Notes, which are defined in the terms of the Notes as “Three-Month Term SOFR Conventions.” Such determination and implementation of any Three-Month Term SOFR Conventions could result in adverse consequences to the amount of interest that accrues on the Notes during the applicable floating rate period, which could adversely affect the return on, value of and market for the Notes.

Any Benchmark Replacement may not be the economic equivalent of Three-Month Term SOFR.

Under the benchmark transition provisions of the Notes, if the calculation agent determines that a Benchmark Transition Event and its related Benchmark Replacement Date have occurred with respect to Three-Month Term SOFR, then the floating interest rate on the Notes for each interest period during the floating rate period will be determined using the next-available Benchmark Replacement (which may include a related Benchmark Replacement Adjustment). However, the Benchmark Replacement may not be the economic equivalent of Three-Month Term SOFR. For example, Compounded SOFR, the first-available Benchmark Replacement, is the compounded average of the daily SOFR calculated in arrears, while Three-Month Term SOFR is intended to be a forward-looking rate with a tenor of three months. Neither the ARRC nor FRBNY has made a final determination regarding the method for calculating Compounded SOFR. In addition, very limited market precedent exists for securities that use Compounded SOFR as the rate basis, and the method for calculating Compounded SOFR in those precedents varies. Further, the ISDA Fallback Rate, which is another Benchmark Replacement, has not yet been established and may change over time.

The implementation of Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes could adversely affect holders of the Notes.

Under the benchmark transition provisions of the Notes, if Three-Month Term SOFR has been discontinued or if a particular Benchmark Replacement or Benchmark Replacement Adjustment cannot be determined, then the next-available Benchmark Replacement or Benchmark Replacement Adjustment will apply. These

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replacement rates and adjustments may be selected or formulated by: (1) the Relevant Governmental Body (such as the ARRC or FRBNY); (2) the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. (“ISDA”); or (3) in certain circumstances, the calculation agent, which may be us. In addition, the benchmark transition provisions expressly authorize the calculation agent (which may be us) to make certain changes, which are defined in the terms of the Notes as “Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes,” with respect to, among other things, the determination of interest periods, and the timing and frequency of determining rates and making payments of interest. The application of a Benchmark Replacement and Benchmark Replacement Adjustment, and any implementation of Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes, could result in adverse consequences to the amount of interest that accrues on the Notes during any interest period during the floating rate period, which could adversely affect the yield on, value of and market for the Notes. Further, there is no assurance that the characteristics of any Benchmark Replacement will be similar to the then-current Benchmark rate that it is replacing, or that any Benchmark Replacement will produce the economic equivalent of the then-current Benchmark rate that it is replacing.

Also, since SOFR and Term SOFR are a relatively new market indices, SOFR-linked debt securities may not have an established trading market when issued, and an established trading market may never develop or may not be very liquid. Market terms for debt securities indexed to SOFR or Term SOFR, such as the spread over the index reflected in interest rate provisions, may evolve over time, and trading prices of the Notes may be lower than those of later-issued SOFR-linked debt securities as a result. Similarly, if Term SOFR or SOFR does not prove to be widely used in securities similar to the Notes, the trading price of the Notes may be lower than those of debt securities linked to such rates that are more widely used. Debt securities indexed to Term SOFR (as the Notes will be) may not be able to be sold at all or may not be able to be sold at prices that will provide a yield comparable to similar investments that have a developed secondary market, and may consequently suffer from increased pricing volatility and market risk.

We or an affiliate of ours will or could have authority to make determinations and elections that could affect the return on, value of and market for the Notes.

Under the terms of the Notes, we may make certain determinations, decisions and elections with respect to the Benchmark rate on the Notes during the floating rate period, including, without limitation, any determination, decision or election required to be made by the calculation agent that the calculation agent fails to make. We will make any such determination, decision or election in our sole discretion, and any such determination, decision or election that we make could affect the amount of interest that accrues on the Notes during any interest period in the floating rate period. If the calculation agent fails, when required, to make a determination that a Benchmark Transition Event and its related Benchmark Replacement Date have occurred, or fails, when required, to determine the Benchmark Replacement and Benchmark Replacement Adjustment, then we will make those determinations in our sole discretion. Furthermore, we or an affiliate of ours may serve as calculation agent. We expect to act as the initial calculation agent and, though we will appoint a calculation agent prior to the commencement of the floating rate period, we may appoint ourselves or an affiliate and we cannot assure you that we will appoint an independent third-party calculation agent at any time. Any exercise of discretion by us under the terms of the Notes, including, without limitation, any discretion exercised by us or by an affiliate acting as calculation agent, could present a conflict of interest. In making the required determinations, decisions and elections, we or an affiliate of ours acting as calculation agent may have economic interests that are adverse to the interest of the holders of the Notes, and those determinations, decisions or elections could have a material adverse effect on the yield on, value of and market for the Notes. All determinations, decisions or elections by us, or by us or an affiliate acting as calculation agent, under the terms of the Notes will be conclusive and binding absent manifest error.

The Notes may be issued with original issue discount for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

The Notes may be issued with original issue discount for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In such case, holders subject to U.S. federal income taxation, whether on the cash or accrual method of tax accounting,

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generally would be required to include any amounts representing original issue discount in gross income (as ordinary income) as the original issue discount accrues on a constant yield to maturity basis, in advance of the receipt of cash payments to which such income is attributable. See “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.”

The use of the net proceeds from the sale of the Notes will be at the discretion of our management and could change depending on unforeseen events or changes in current business conditions or circumstances.

Provident Bank management will have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds from the sale of the Notes. The descriptions in this prospectus supplement of our use of the proceeds from the sale of the Notes represent our intentions based upon our present plans and business conditions. The occurrence of unforeseen events or changed business conditions, however, could result in the application of the net proceeds of the offering in a manner other than as described in this prospectus supplement. The precise amounts and timing of our use of the net proceeds will depend on our, and our subsidiaries’, funding requirements and the availability of other funds.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We estimate that the net proceeds from this offering will be approximately $219,250,000, after deducting the underwriting discount and our estimated offering expenses. The purpose of the offering is to satisfy certain Regulatory Conditions agreed to in connection with the merger with Lakeland. We intend to invest all the net proceeds in the Company’s subsidiary, Provident Bank. Provident Bank expects that the net proceeds will initially be invested in securities and used for other general corporate purposes, which may include the repayment of FHLB advances and other indebtedness.

Provident Bank management will have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds from the sale of the Notes. The foregoing represents our intentions based upon our present plans, the Regulatory Conditions and other business conditions. The occurrence of unforeseen events or changed business conditions, however, could result in the application of the net proceeds of the offering in a manner other than as described in this prospectus supplement.

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CAPITALIZATION

The following table shows our capitalization as of March 31, 2024:

(1) on a consolidated basis;

(2) on a pro forma basis giving effect to the pending merger of Lakeland with and into the Company as if it had occurred on March 31, 2024; and

(3) on a consolidated basis as further adjusted to give effect to the issuance and sale of the Notes in this offering (after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses).

This table should be read in conjunction with the risk factors and the consolidated financial statements and related notes of the Company for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and the other financial and statistical information that is incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. See “Where You Can Find More Information.” The pro forma information for the pending merger with Lakeland includes estimated adjustments, including adjustments to record assets and liabilities of Lakeland at their respective fair values, and represents preliminary pro forma estimates by the Company and Lakeland. For further information, see “Prospectus Supplement Summary—Pending Merger with Lakeland Bancorp, Inc.” beginning on page S-6 of this prospectus supplement and the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company with the SEC on May 6, 2024 that is incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement.

	As of March 31, 2024
(Dollars in thousands)	Actual			As adjusted for the pending merger with Lakeland			As adjusted for this offering
Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	158,352		$	310,205		$	310,205
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity:
Deposits:
Demand deposits		7,905,961			13,716,601			13,716,601
Savings deposits		1,160,951			1,819,978			1,819,978
Certificates of deposit of $250,000 or more		223,639			1,736,883			1,736,883
Other time deposits		808,341			1,318,185			1,318,185
Total deposits		10,098,892			18,591,647			18,591,647
Mortgage escrow deposits		43,881			43,881			43,881
Borrowed funds		2,058,098			2,987,633			2,987,633
Subordinated debentures		10,744			160,314			160,314
9.00% Notes offered hereby(1)		—			—			219,250
Other liabilities		224,141			386,387			386,387
Total liabilities		12,435,756			22,169,862			22,389,112
Stockholders’ Equity:
Common stock, $0.01 par value: 200,000,000 shares authorized; 83,209,012 shares issued as of March 31, 2024; 75,928,193 shares outstanding as of March 31, 2024 (130,515,654 outstanding as adjusted for merger)		832			1,378			1,378
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value (50,000,000 shares authorized, none outstanding as of March 31, 2024)		—			—			—
Additional paid-in capital		990,582			1,811,577			1,811,577
Retained earnings		988,480			886,909			886,909
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income		(151,585	)		(151,585	)		(151,585	)
Treasury stock		(129,062	)		(129,062	)		(129,062	)
Unallocated common stock held by the Employee Stock Ownership Plan		(4,085	)		(4,085	)		(4,085	)

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	As of March 31, 2024
(Dollars in thousands)	Actual			As adjusted for the pending merger with Lakeland			As adjusted for this offering
Common stock acquired by deferred compensation plans		(2,546	)		(2,546	)		(2,546	)
Deferred compensation plans		2,546			2,546			2,546
Total stockholders’ equity		1,695,162			2,415,132			2,415,132
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity		14,130,918			24,584,994			24,804,244
Capital Ratios of the Company(2)
Common equity Tier 1 capital ratio		11.75	%		9.31	%		9.31	%
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio		11.86	%		9.31	%		9.31	%
Total risk-based capital ratio		12.71	%		11.20	%		12.28	%
Tier 1 leverage ratio		10.21	%		7.82	%		7.82	%
Capital Ratios of the Bank(3)
Common equity Tier 1 capital ratio		11.50	%		9.66	%		10.74	%
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio		11.50	%		9.66	%		10.74	%
Total risk-based capital ratio		12.36	%		10.52	%		11.61	%
Tier 1 leverage ratio		9.91	%		8.11	%		9.02	%
CRE Ratio(4)		472.00	%		536.00	%		486.00	%

(1) Represents the aggregate principal amount of the Notes, reduced by the underwriting discount ($2,812,500) and our estimated offering expenses ($2,937,500).

(2) The as adjusted calculations for the risk-based capital ratios for PFS assume that the net proceeds from the sales of the Notes are invested in Provident Bank.

(3) The as adjusted calculations for the risk-based capital ratios for Provident Bank assumes the receipt by Provident Bank of all of the net proceeds and that these net proceeds are invested in assets that carry a 0% risk weighting as of March 31, 2024.

(4) The CRE Ratio is the aggregate principal amount of commercial real estate loans (“CRE”) (net of purchase accounting adjustments) stated as a percentage of total risk based capital. CRE includes acquisition, development and construction real estate loans, multifamily, and other commercial real estate loans, excluding owner-occupied loans. A condition to the approval of the merger with Lakeland requires Provident Bank to maintain its CRE Ratio at or below the levels set forth in the projections provided to the FDIC, which are: 474%—2024; 459%—2025 and 448%—2026.

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DESCRIPTION OF THE NOTES

We will issue the Notes under the Base Indenture, as supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture. You may request a copy of the Indenture from us as described under “Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference.” We have summarized the material terms of the Indenture and the Notes below, but the summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the Indenture and the Notes. The following description of the terms of the Indenture and the Notes supplements and, to the extent inconsistent therewith, replaces and supersedes the description of the general terms and provisions of the subordinated debt securities in the accompanying prospectus.

You should read the Indenture and the Notes because they, and not this description, define your rights as holders of the Notes. For purposes of this section, references to “PFS,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” include only PFS and not any of its subsidiaries.

General

The Notes will be unsecured, subordinated obligations of the Company and will mature on May 15, 2034 unless redeemed prior to such date in accordance with the provisions set forth below under “—Redemption.” The Notes will be issued and may be transferred only in minimum denominations of $1,000 or integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof.

Unless previously redeemed prior to maturity, we will repay the Notes at 100% of their principal amount, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon to, but excluding, the Maturity Date, at their maturity. We will pay principal of and interest on the Notes in U.S. dollars.

The Notes will constitute our unsecured debt obligations and will rank equally among themselves, will rank senior to our existing junior subordinated debentures and any of our future indebtedness the terms of which provide that such indebtedness ranks junior in right of payment to note indebtedness such as the Notes, and will rank junior in right of payment to any of our future senior indebtedness as described below in “—Subordination of the Notes.” No sinking fund will exist for the Notes, and no sinking fund payments will be made with respect to the Notes. The Notes will not be convertible into or exchangeable for any other securities or property. Except as described below under “—Clearance and Settlement,” the Notes will be issued only in book-entry form and will be represented by one or more global notes registered in the name of Cede & Co., as the nominee of DTC. See “—Clearance and Settlement” below.

The Notes offered hereby will be issued under the Indenture. We may, from time to time, without notice to, or the consent of, the holders of the Notes, issue additional Notes ranking equally with the Notes and identical to the Notes previously issued in all respects (except for the issue date, the offering price, the initial interest accrual date and the first interest payment date) in order that such additional Notes may be consolidated and form a single series with the Notes and have the same terms as to status, redemption or otherwise as the Notes. However, any additional notes of the series of which the Notes are a part that are issued and are not fungible with the outstanding Notes of such series for U.S. federal income tax purposes will be issued under one or more separate CUSIP numbers and ISIN numbers. No limit exists on the aggregate principal amount of the Notes of this series that we may issue in the future.

The Indenture contains no covenants or restrictions restricting the incurrence of indebtedness or other obligations by us or by our subsidiaries, including the Bank. The Indenture contains no financial covenants requiring us to achieve or maintain any minimum financial results relating to our financial position or results of operations or meet or exceed any financial ratios, as a general matter or in order to incur additional indebtedness or obligations, or to maintain any reserves. Moreover, neither the Indenture nor the Notes contain any covenants prohibiting us from, or limiting our right to, incur additional indebtedness or obligations, to grant liens on our

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assets to secure our indebtedness or other obligations that are senior in right of payment to the Notes, to repurchase our stock or other securities, including any of the Notes, or to pay dividends or make other distributions to our shareholders. In addition, neither the Indenture nor the Notes contain any provision that would provide protection to the holders of the Notes against a sudden and dramatic decline in our credit quality, including resulting from a merger, takeover, recapitalization or similar restructuring or other events involving us or our subsidiaries that may adversely affect our credit quality.

The Notes are not deposits in the Bank and are not insured or guaranteed by the FDIC or any other government agency or instrumentality. The Notes are solely obligations of the Company and are neither obligations of, nor guaranteed by, the Bank or any of our other subsidiaries or affiliates.

No recourse will be available for the payment of principal of or interest on any Note, for any claim based thereon, or otherwise in respect thereof, against any incorporator, shareholder, employee, agent, officer or director, as such, past, present or future, of ours or of any successor entity, it being expressly understood that all such liability is waived and released as a condition of, and as a consideration for, the execution of the First Supplemental Indenture and the issuance of the Notes.

Payment of the full principal amount of the Notes will be due on May 15, 2034 (the “Maturity Date”), unless the Notes are redeemed prior to the Maturity Date.

Fixed Rate Period

From and including the date of issuance to, but excluding, May 15, 2029 (unless redeemed prior to such date as contemplated below under “—Redemption”), which we refer to as the “fixed rate period,” the notes will bear interest at a rate of 9.00% per year. During the fixed rate period, interest on the Notes will accrue from and including May 13, 2024, and will be payable semiannually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year during the fixed rate period, each a “fixed period interest payment date,” commencing on November 15, 2024. During the fixed rate period, interest will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. Dollar amounts resulting from that calculation will be rounded to the nearest cent, with one-half cent being rounded upward. The interest payable on the notes on any fixed period interest payment date will, except as noted below, be paid to the person in whose name the Notes are registered at the close of business on the 15^th calendar day (whether or not a business day (as defined below)) immediately preceding the fixed period interest payment date. If any fixed period interest payment date for the Notes or the date for the payment of principal for the Notes occurring during the fixed rate period falls on a day that is not a business day, the Company will postpone the interest or principal payment to the next succeeding business day, but the payments made on such dates will be treated as being made on the date that the payment was first due and the holders of the Notes will not be entitled to any further interest, principal or other payments with respect to such postponements.

Floating Rate Period

From and including May 15, 2029 to, but excluding, the Maturity Date (unless redeemed prior to such date as contemplated below under “—Redemption”), which we refer to as the “floating rate period,” the notes will bear interest at a floating rate per year equal to the Benchmark (which is expected to be Three-Month Term SOFR), plus 476.5 basis points. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Benchmark is less than zero, the Benchmark will be deemed to be zero.

During the floating rate period, interest on the notes will accrue from and including May 15, 2029 and will be payable quarterly in arrears on February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15 of each year (each a “floating period interest payment date” and, together with any fixed period interest payment date, an “Interest Payment Date”), commencing on August 15, 2029, and interest will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year and the actual number of days elapsed. Dollar amounts resulting from that calculation will be rounded to the nearest cent, with one-half cent being rounded upward.

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For the purpose of calculating the interest on the Notes for each floating rate interest period during the floating rate period when the Benchmark is Three-Month Term SOFR, “Three-Month Term SOFR” means the rate for Term SOFR for a tenor of three months that is published by the Term SOFR Administrator at the Reference Time for any floating rate interest period, as determined by the calculation agent after giving effect to the Three-Month Term SOFR Conventions. All percentages used in or resulting from any calculation of Three-Month Term SOFR will be rounded, if necessary, to the nearest one-hundred-thousandth of a percentage point, with 0.000005% rounded up to 0.00001%. When we use the term “floating rate interest period” we mean the period from and including the immediately preceding floating period interest payment date in respect of which interest has been paid or duly provided for, to, but excluding, the applicable floating period interest payment date or Maturity Date or date of earlier redemption, if applicable (except that the first floating rate interest period will commence on May 15, 2029). See “Calculation Agent.”

The following definitions apply to the foregoing definition of Three-Month Term SOFR:

“Benchmark” means, initially, Three-Month Term SOFR; provided that, if the calculation agent determines on or prior to the Reference Time for any floating rate interest period that a Benchmark Transition Event and its related Benchmark Replacement Date have occurred with respect to Three-Month Term SOFR or the then-current Benchmark, then “Benchmark” means the applicable Benchmark Replacement for such floating rate interest period and any subsequent floating rate interest periods.

“Corresponding Tenor” means (i) with respect to Term SOFR, three months, and (ii) with respect to a Benchmark Replacement, a tenor (including overnight) having approximately the same length (disregarding business day adjustment) as the applicable tenor for the then-current Benchmark.

“FRBNY’s Website” means the website of the FRBNY at http://www.newyorkfed.org, or any successor source. The foregoing Internet website is an inactive textual reference only, meaning that the information contained on the website is not part of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus or incorporated by reference herein or therein.

“Reference Time” with respect to any determination of the Benchmark means (i) if the Benchmark is Three-Month Term SOFR, the time determined by the calculation agent after giving effect to the Three-Month Term SOFR Conventions, and (ii) if the Benchmark is not Three-Month Term SOFR, the time determined by the calculation agent after giving effect to the Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes.

“Relevant Governmental Body” means the Federal Reserve and/or the FRBNY, or a committee officially endorsed or convened by the Federal Reserve and/or the FRBNY or any successor thereto.

“SOFR” means the secured overnight financing rate published by the FRBNY, as the administrator of SOFR (or any successor administrator), on the FRBNY’s Website.

“Term SOFR” means the forward-looking term rate for the applicable Corresponding Tenor based on SOFR as published by the Term SOFR Administrator.

“Term SOFR Administrator” means CME Group Benchmark Administration Limited (CBA) (or a successor administrator of Three-Month Term SOFR selected by the calculation agent in its reasonable discretion).

“Three-Month Term SOFR Conventions” means any determination, decision, or election with respect to any technical, administrative, or operational matter (including with respect to the manner and timing of the publication of Three-Month Term SOFR, or changes to the definition of “floating rate interest period,” timing and frequency of determining Three-Month Term SOFR with respect to each floating rate interest period and making payments of interest, rounding of amounts or tenors, and other administrative matters) that the calculation agent determines may be appropriate to reflect the use of Three-Month Term SOFR as the

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Benchmark in a manner substantially consistent with market practice (or, if the calculation agent determines that adoption of any portion of such market practice is not administratively feasible or if the calculation agent determines that no market practice for the use of Three-Month Term SOFR exists, in such other manner as the calculation agent determines is reasonably necessary).

“U.S. Government Securities Business Day” means any day except for (a) a Saturday, (b) a Sunday or (c) a day on which the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association recommends that the fixed income departments of its members be closed for the entire day for purposes of trading in United States government securities.

The terms “Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes,” “Benchmark Replacement Date,” “Benchmark Replacement,” “Benchmark Replacement Adjustment,” and “Benchmark Transition Event” have the meanings set forth under the heading “—Effect of Benchmark Transition Event” below.

Notwithstanding the foregoing paragraphs related to the determination of interest, if the calculation agent determines on or prior to the relevant Reference Time that a Benchmark Transition Event and its related Benchmark Replacement Date (each as defined below) have occurred with respect to Three-Month Term SOFR, then the provisions set forth under the heading “—Effect of Benchmark Transition Event,” which we refer to as the “benchmark transition provisions,” will thereafter apply to all determinations of the benchmark used to calculate the interest rate on the Notes for each floating rate interest period. In accordance with the benchmark transition provisions, if the calculation agent determines that a Benchmark Transition Event and its related Benchmark Replacement Date have occurred on or prior to the Reference Time in respect of any floating rate interest period during the floating rate period, then the Benchmark Replacement will replace the then-current Benchmark for all purposes relating to the Notes during such floating rate interest period and the remainder of the floating rate period.

Absent manifest error, the calculation agent’s determination of the interest rate for a floating rate interest period for the Notes will be binding and conclusive on you, us (if we are not also the calculation agent) and the Trustee. The Trustee will have no duty to confirm or verify any such calculation. By its acquisition of the Notes, each holder of Notes (including, for the avoidance of doubt, each beneficial owner) will acknowledge, accept, consent to and agree to be bound by our and the calculation agent’s determination of the interest rate for each floating rate interest period, including our and its determination of any Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes, Benchmark Replacement Date, Benchmark Replacement, Benchmark Replacement Adjustment, and Benchmark Transition Event, including as may occur without any prior notice from us or the calculation agent and without the need for us or it to obtain any further consent from any holder. The calculation agent’s determination of any interest rate, and its calculation of interest payments, for any floating rate interest period, will be maintained on file at the calculation agent’s principal offices and will be made available to any holder of the Notes upon request, and the calculation agent will provide the Company and the Trustee with written notice of the interest rate in effect on the Notes promptly after the Reference Time (or such other date of determination for the applicable Benchmark).

If the then-current Benchmark is Three-Month Term SOFR, the calculation agent (which may be us) will have the right to establish the Three-Month Term SOFR Conventions, and if any of the foregoing provisions concerning the calculation of the interest rate and interest payments during the floating rate period are inconsistent with any of the Three-Month Term SOFR Conventions determined by the calculation agent, then the relevant Three-Month Term SOFR Conventions will apply. Furthermore, if the calculation agent determines that a Benchmark Transition Event and its related Benchmark Replacement Date have occurred with respect to Three-Month Term SOFR at any time when any of the Notes are outstanding, then the foregoing provisions concerning the calculation of the interest rate and interest payments during the floating rate period will be modified in accordance with the benchmark transition provisions.

When we use the term “business day,” we mean any day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, that is neither a federal holiday nor a day on which banking institutions or trust companies in the City of New York, New York or

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any place of payment are authorized or obligated by law, regulation, or executive order to close or remain closed; provided that, when used in connection with an amount that bears interest at a rate based on SOFR or Term SOFR or any direct or indirect calculation or determination of SOFR or Term SOFR, the term “business day” means any such day that is also a U.S. Government Securities Business Day.

If any floating period interest payment date or the Maturity Date for the Notes falls on a day that is not a business day, the Company will postpone the interest payment or the payment of principal and interest at maturity to the next succeeding business day (and, with respect to the Maturity Date, no additional interest will accrue on the amount payable for the period from and after the Maturity Date), unless, with respect to a floating period interest payment date only, such day falls in the next calendar month, in which case the floating period interest payment date will instead be the immediately preceding day that is a business day, and interest will accrue to, but excluding, such floating period interest payment date as so adjusted.

The interest payable on the Notes on any floating period interest payment date, subject to certain exceptions, will be paid to the person in whose name the Notes are registered at the close of business on the 15^th calendar day (whether or not a business day) immediately preceding the floating period interest payment date. Payments will include interest accrued to, but excluding, the relevant floating period interest payment date. However, interest that the Company pays on the Maturity Date will be paid to the person to whom the principal will be payable.

Principal and interest on the Notes will be payable by wire transfer in immediately available funds in U.S. dollars at an office or agency of the Company maintained for such purpose, which will initially be the corporate trust office of the Trustee.

Subordination of the Notes

Our obligation to make any payment on account of the principal of, or interest on, the Notes will be subordinate and junior in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all of our senior indebtedness.

“Senior indebtedness” means the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest, including interest accruing after the commencement of any bankruptcy proceeding relating to the Company, on, or substantially similar payments we make in respect of the following categories of debt, whether that debt is outstanding on the date of execution of the first supplemental indenture or thereafter incurred, created or assumed:

• our indebtedness evidenced by notes, debentures, or bonds or other securities issued under the provisions of any indenture, fiscal agency agreement, debenture or note purchase agreement or other agreement, including any senior debt securities that may be offered, including by means of the base prospectus and one or more prospectus supplements;

• our indebtedness for money borrowed or represented by purchase-money obligations, as defined below;

• our indebtedness to general creditors;

• our obligations as lessee under leases of property, whether made as part of a sale and leaseback transaction to which we are a party or otherwise;

• indebtedness, obligations and liabilities of others in respect of which we are liable contingently or otherwise to pay or advance money or property or as guarantor, endorser or otherwise or which we have agreed to purchase or otherwise acquire and indebtedness of partnerships and joint ventures that is included in our consolidated financial statements;

• reimbursement and other obligations relating to letters of credit, bankers’ acceptances and similar obligations;

• obligations under various hedging arrangements and agreements, including interest rate and currency hedging agreements and swap and nonswap forward agreements;

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• all of our obligations issued or assumed as the deferred purchase price of property or services, but excluding trade accounts payable and accrued liabilities arising in the ordinary course of business; and

• deferrals, renewals or extensions of any of the indebtedness or obligations described in the clauses above.

However, “senior indebtedness” excludes:

• any indebtedness, obligation or liability referred to in the definition of senior indebtedness above as to which, in the instrument creating, governing or evidencing that indebtedness, obligation or liability, it is expressly provided that such indebtedness, obligation or liability is not senior in right of payment to, is junior in right of payment to, or ranks equally in right of payment with, other specified types of indebtedness, obligations and liabilities of the Company, which other specified types of indebtedness, obligations and liabilities of the Company include the Notes;

• any indebtedness, obligation or liability that is subordinated to other of our indebtedness, obligations or liabilities to substantially the same extent as or to a greater extent than the Notes are subordinated;

• all obligations to trade creditors created or assumed by the Company in the ordinary course of business; and

• the Notes and any other securities issued pursuant to the Indenture and our outstanding junior subordinated debentures and, unless expressly provided in the terms thereof, any of our indebtedness to our subsidiaries.

As used above, the term “purchase-money obligations” means indebtedness, obligations evidenced by a note, debenture, bond or other instrument, whether or not secured by a lien or other security interest, issued to evidence the obligation to pay or a guarantee of the payment of, and any deferred obligation for the payment of, the purchase price of property but excluding indebtedness or obligations for which recourse is limited to the property purchased, issued or assumed as all or a part of the consideration for the acquisition of property or services, whether by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise, but does not include any trade accounts payable.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Federal Reserve (or other competent regulatory agency or authority) promulgates any rule or issues any interpretation that defines general creditor(s), the main purpose of which is to establish criteria for determining whether the subordinated debt of a bank holding company is to be included in its capital, then the term “general creditors” as used in the definition of “Senior Indebtedness” in the Indenture will have the meaning as described in that rule or interpretation.

In accordance with the subordination provisions of the Indenture and the Notes, we are permitted to make payments of accrued and unpaid interest on the Notes on the Interest Payment Dates and at maturity and to pay the principal of the Notes at maturity unless:

• we are subject to any insolvency, bankruptcy, receivership, liquidation or other marshalling of our assets and liabilities; or

• a default in the payment of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, any senior indebtedness has occurred that is continuing beyond any applicable grace period or an event of default has occurred and is continuing with respect to any senior indebtedness or would occur as a result of a payment of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, the Notes being made and that event of default would permit the holders of any senior indebtedness (or a trustee on behalf of the holders thereof) to accelerate the maturity of that senior indebtedness and such default or event of default has not been cured, waived and otherwise ceased to exist.

In the event of our insolvency, bankruptcy, receivership, liquidation or other marshalling of our assets and liabilities, we must pay to the holders of all of our senior indebtedness the full amounts of principal of, and

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premium, if any, and interest on, that senior indebtedness before any payment is made on the Notes. If, after we have paid the senior indebtedness in full, there are any amounts available for payment of the Notes and any of our other indebtedness and obligations ranking equally in right of payment with the Notes, then we will use such remaining assets to pay the amounts of principal of, premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest on, the Notes and such other of our indebtedness and obligations that rank equally in right of payment with the Notes. If those assets are insufficient to pay in full the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Notes and such other indebtedness and obligations, those assets will be applicable ratably to the payment of such amounts owing with respect to the Notes and such other indebtedness and obligations.

In the event of our insolvency, bankruptcy, receivership, liquidation or other marshalling of our assets and liabilities, if the holders of the Notes receive for any reason any payment on the Notes or other distributions of our assets with respect to the Notes before all of our senior indebtedness is paid in full, the holders of the Notes will be required to return that payment or distribution to the bankruptcy trustee, receiver, liquidating trustee, custodian, assignee, agent or other person making payment of our assets for all our senior indebtedness remaining unpaid until all that senior indebtedness has been paid in full, after giving effect to any other concurrent payment or distribution to the holders of such senior indebtedness.

By reason of the above subordination in favor of the holders of our senior indebtedness, in the event of our bankruptcy or insolvency, holders of our senior indebtedness may receive more, ratably, and holders of the Notes may receive less, ratably, than our other creditors.

We have outstanding junior subordinated debentures that relate to outstanding trust preferred securities issued to certain capital trusts to which the Notes will rank senior in right of payment. The Company will also assume subordinated notes and junior subordinated debentures upon consummation of the merger. In addition, we may incur other indebtedness and obligations, the terms of which may provide that such indebtedness ranks either equally with or junior in right of payment to the Notes or promissory notes, bonds, debentures and other evidences of indebtedness of a type that includes the Notes. As discussed above, in the event of our insolvency, bankruptcy, receivership, liquidation or other marshalling of our assets and liabilities, the indebtedness and obligations ranking equally with the Notes will participate ratably in any of our assets remaining after the payment in full of all of our senior indebtedness. In such circumstances, our indebtedness and other obligations junior in right of payment to the Notes, such as our junior subordinated debentures, will not be entitled to receive any payments until the Notes and all of our indebtedness and obligations ranking equally in right of payment to the Notes have been paid in full.

All liabilities of the Bank, including deposits, and our other subsidiaries, including each subsidiary’s liabilities to general creditors arising during its ordinary course of business or otherwise, will be effectively senior in right of payment to the Notes to the extent of the assets of such subsidiary because, as a stockholder of the subsidiary, we do not have any rights to the assets of the subsidiary except if the subsidiary declares a dividend payable to us or if there are assets of the subsidiary remaining after it has discharged its liabilities to its creditors in connection with its liquidation. Over the term of the Notes, we will need to rely primarily on dividends paid to us by the Bank, which is a regulated financial institution, for the funds necessary to pay the interest on our outstanding debt obligations and to make dividends and other payments on our other securities outstanding now or in the future. With respect to the payment of the principal of the Notes at their maturity, we may rely on the funds we receive from dividends paid to us by our subsidiaries, but will likely have to rely on the proceeds of borrowings and other securities we sell to pay the principal amount of the Notes.

Regulatory rules may restrict the Bank’s ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us or to provide funds to us by other means. As a result of the foregoing, with respect to the assets of each of our subsidiaries, our creditors (including the holders of the Notes) are structurally subordinated to the prior claims of creditors of any such subsidiary, including the depositors of the Bank, except to the extent that we may be a creditor with recognized claims against any such subsidiary.

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As discussed above, neither the Notes nor the Indenture contains any limitation on the amount of senior indebtedness or other obligations ranking senior to or equally with the indebtedness evidenced by the Notes that we, the Bank or any of our other subsidiaries may incur. Any indebtedness and liabilities of the Bank or our other subsidiaries is not a part of our senior indebtedness. The Notes will be effectively subordinate to all of the existing and future indebtedness and liabilities, including deposit liabilities, of our subsidiaries, including the Bank. As of March 31, 2024, on a consolidated basis, our outstanding debt and deposits totaled approximately $12.2 billion. In addition, as of March 31, 2024, we had no indebtedness that would rank senior to the Notes, no indebtedness that would rank pari passu to the Notes, and $12.5 million of indebtedness related to existing junior subordinated debentures underlying outstanding trust preferred securities that would rank junior to the Notes.

Redemption

We may redeem the Notes, at our sole option, beginning with the Interest Payment Date of May 15, 2029 and on any Interest Payment Date thereafter, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the date of redemption, subject to prior approval of the Federal Reserve, to the extent that such approval is then required under the rules of the Federal Reserve. If we elect to redeem the Notes, we will be required to notify the Trustee of the aggregate principal amount of Notes to be redeemed and the redemption date. Any such redemption may be subject to the satisfaction of one or more conditions precedent set forth in the applicable notice of redemption. If fewer than all of the Notes are to be redeemed, the selection of Notes to be redeemed will occur in accordance with the rules of DTC (or, in the case of any certificated Notes, by lot, on a pro rata basis or in such other manner the Trustee deems fair and appropriate unless otherwise required by law). The Notes are not subject to repayment at the option of the holders. The Notes may not otherwise be redeemed by us prior to the scheduled maturity of the Notes, except we may, at our sole option, redeem the Notes at any time before the scheduled maturity of the Notes in whole, but not in part, upon or after the occurrence of any of the following:

(1) a “Tax Event,” which is defined in the Indenture to mean the receipt by us of an opinion from independent tax counsel to the effect that (a) an amendment to or change (including any announced prospective amendment or change) in any law, treaty, statute or code, or any regulation thereunder, of the United States or any of its political subdivisions or taxing authorities, (b) a judicial decision, administrative action, official administrative pronouncement, ruling, regulatory procedure, regulation, notice or announcement, including any notice or announcement of intent to adopt or promulgate any ruling, regulatory procedure or regulation (any of the foregoing, an “administrative or judicial action”), (c) an amendment to or change in any official position with respect to, or any interpretation of, an administrative or judicial action or a law or regulation of the United States that differs from the previously generally accepted position or interpretation, or (d) a threatened challenge asserted in writing in connection with an audit of our federal income tax returns or positions or a similar audit of any of our subsidiaries or a publicly known threatened challenge asserted in writing against any other taxpayer that has raised capital through the issuance of securities that are substantially similar to the Notes, in each case, occurring or becoming publicly known on or after the date of original issuance of the Notes, resulting in more than an insubstantial increase in the risk that the interest paid by us on the Notes is not, or within 90 days of receipt of such opinion of tax counsel, will not be, deductible by us, in whole or in part, for U.S. federal income tax purposes;

(2) a “Tier 2 Capital Event,” which is defined in the Indenture to mean the receipt by us of an opinion from independent bank regulatory counsel to the effect that, as a result of (a) any amendment to, or change (including any announced prospective change) in, the laws or any regulations thereunder of the United States or any rules, guidelines or policies of an applicable regulatory authority for the Company or (b) any official administrative pronouncement or judicial decision interpreting or applying such laws or regulations, which amendment or change is effective or which pronouncement or decision is announced on or after the date of original issuance of the Notes, the Notes do not constitute, or within 90 days of the date of such opinion will not constitute, Tier 2 capital (or its then equivalent if we were subject to such capital requirement) for purposes of capital adequacy

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guidelines of the Federal Reserve (or any successor regulatory authority with jurisdiction over bank holding companies), as then in effect and applicable to us; or

(3) our becoming required to register as an investment company pursuant to the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

Any such redemption of the Notes will be at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the date of redemption. Notwithstanding the foregoing, installments of interest on any Notes that are due and payable on Interest Payment Dates falling on or prior to the applicable date of redemption will be payable on such Interest Payment Dates to the registered holders at the close of business on the relevant record dates in accordance with the Notes and the Indenture. Any such redemption may be subject to the satisfaction of one or more conditions precedent set forth in the applicable notice of redemption. Any redemption of the Notes would require prior approval of the Federal Reserve, to the extent that such approval is then required under the rules of the Federal Reserve.

Our election to redeem any of the Notes will be provided to the Trustee at least three business days prior to the requested date of delivery (or such shorter period as is satisfactory to the Trustee). In the case of any redemption, at least 15 days but no more than 60 days before the redemption date, the Company will send in accordance with the applicable procedures of the depositary (with a copy to the Trustee), or if the Notes are not then global securities the Company will mail, or cause to be mailed, a notice of redemption by first-class mail to each holder of Notes to be redeemed at such holder’s registered address appearing on the register (with a copy to the Trustee).

The Notes Are Intended to Qualify as Tier 2 Capital

We intend to treat the Notes as Tier 2 capital under the capital adequacy rules established by the Federal Reserve for bank holding companies, as the same may be amended or supplemented from time to time. The rules set forth specific criteria for instruments to qualify as Tier 2 capital. Among other things, the Notes must:

• be unsecured;

• have a minimum original maturity of at least five years;

• be subordinated to depositors and general creditors, which, in our case, will be to the holders of our senior indebtedness;

• not contain provisions permitting the holders of the Notes to accelerate payment of principal prior to maturity except in the event of receivership, insolvency, liquidation or similar proceedings of the institution;

• only be callable after a minimum of five years following issuance, except upon certain special events, and, in any case, subject to obtaining the prior approval of the Federal Reserve to the extent such approval is then required under the rules of the Federal Reserve; and

• unless the Federal Reserve authorizes us to do otherwise in writing, not be redeemed or repurchased unless they are replaced with an equivalent amount of other Tier 2 capital instruments or we can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Federal Reserve that following redemption, we will continue to hold capital commensurate with our risk.

Events of Default; Limitation on Suits

Under the Indenture, an event of default will occur if we fail to pay accrued and unpaid interest on the Notes and any notes of the same series offered in the future and such failure continues for 90 days, we fail to pay principal of any notes of that series when due, whether at maturity or upon redemption, or upon our default in the performance, or breach, of any other covenant or warranty contained in the Indenture, other than a covenant

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added to the Indenture solely for the benefit of any other series of subordinated debt securities issued under the Indenture, and such default continues for 90 days after written notice as provided in the Indenture. In addition, an event of default will occur upon the entry of a decree or order for relief in respect of the Company by a court having jurisdiction in the premises in an involuntary case or proceeding under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization law, including Chapter 7 (liquidation) or Chapter 11 (reorganization) of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, as now or hereafter in effect, and such decree or order continues unstayed and in effect for a period of 60 consecutive days or if we commence a voluntary case under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization law, including under Chapter 7 (liquidation) or Chapter 11 (reorganization) of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, as now or hereafter in effect, each of which events of default we refer to as an “insolvency event of default.”

Neither the Trustee nor the holders of the Notes will have the right to accelerate the maturity of the Notes in the case of our failure to pay the principal of, or interest on, the Notes or our nonperformance of any other covenant or warranty under the Notes or the Indenture. Nevertheless, during the continuation of such an event of default under the Notes, the Trustee may, subject to certain limitations and conditions, seek to enforce its rights and the rights of the holders of Notes to regularly scheduled payments of interest and the payment of principal at the scheduled maturity of the Notes, as well as the performance of any covenant or agreement in the Indenture. Any such rights to receive payment of such amounts under the Notes remain subject to the subordination provisions of the Notes as discussed above under “—Subordination of the Notes.”

If an insolvency event of default occurs and is continuing, the principal amount and accrued and unpaid interest on the Notes will become immediately due and payable, without the need for any action on the part of the holders of the Notes or the Trustee, subject to the broad equity powers of a federal bankruptcy court and the determination by that court of the nature and status of the payment claims of the holders of the Notes. At any time after acceleration with respect to the Notes has occurred, but before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of outstanding Notes of the series of our subordinated notes which the Notes are a part and other affected series of securities issued under the Indenture, voting as one class, may waive all defaults and rescind and annul any acceleration occurring as to any and all securities of such series, including the Notes, but only if (1) we have paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum of money sufficient (a) to pay to the holders of the outstanding securities of all affected series of securities established under the Indenture, including the Notes, (i) all overdue installments of any interest that have become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration, (ii) the principal of and any premium that have become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, interest thereon at the rate of interest borne by these securities and (iii) to the extent permitted by applicable law, interest upon installments of any interest, if any, that have become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration at the rate of interest borne by these securities and (b) to pay all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee under the Indenture and the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel and all other amounts due the Trustee; and (2) all events of default with respect to the Notes other than the nonpayment of the principal of, or any premium and interest on, the Notes that will have become due solely by such acceleration, will have been cured or waived as provided in the Indenture. Even in the event of an acceleration of the maturity of the Notes upon the occurrence of an insolvency event, the rights of the holders of the Notes to receive payment of the principal of, and accrued and unpaid interest on, the Notes remain subject to the subordination provisions of the Notes as discussed above under “—Subordination of the Notes.”

The Indenture provides that, the Trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under the Indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders of Notes unless such holders will have offered to the Trustee indemnity or security satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities that may be incurred by it in complying with such request or direction. Subject to certain provisions in the Indenture, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the Notes outstanding from time to time will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee with respect to the Notes.

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Legal Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance

We may choose to either discharge our obligations under the Indenture and the Notes in a legal defeasance or to release ourselves from certain or all of our covenant restrictions under the Indenture and the Notes in a covenant defeasance. We may do so after we irrevocably deposit with the Trustee for the benefit of the holders of the Notes sufficient cash and/or U.S. government securities to pay the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest and any other sums due on the Maturity Date or a redemption date of the Notes. If we choose the legal defeasance option, the holders of the Notes will not be entitled to the benefits of the Indenture except for certain limited rights, including registration of transfer and exchange of Notes, replacement of lost, stolen or mutilated Notes and the right to receive payments of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on such Notes when such payments are due.

We may discharge our obligations under the Indenture or release ourselves from covenant restrictions only if we meet certain requirements. Among other things, we must deliver to the Trustee an opinion of our legal counsel to the effect that beneficial owners of the Notes will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amount, in the same manner and at the same times, as would have been the case if such deposit and defeasance had not occurred. In the case of legal defeasance only, this opinion must be based on either a ruling received from or published by the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) or a change in the applicable federal income tax law after the date hereof. We may not have a default under the Indenture or the Notes on the date of deposit. The discharge may not cause the Trustee to have a conflicting interest for purposes of the Trust Indenture Act and may not result in our becoming an investment company in violation of the Investment Company Act. The discharge may not violate any of our agreements to which we are a party or by which we are bound.

Any defeasance of the Notes pursuant to the Indenture will be subject to our obtaining the prior approval of the Federal Reserve and any additional requirements that the Federal Reserve may impose with respect to defeasance of the Notes. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if, due to a change in law, regulation or policy subsequent to the issue date of the Notes the Federal Reserve does not require that defeasance of instruments be subject to Federal Reserve approval in order for the instrument to be accorded Tier 2 capital treatment, then no such approval of the Federal Reserve will be required for such defeasance.

Satisfaction and Discharge

We may discharge our obligations under the Indenture and the Notes (except for certain surviving rights of the Trustee and our obligations in connection therewith) if: (a) all outstanding Notes and all other outstanding notes issued under the Indenture (i) have been delivered for cancellation, or (ii) (1) have become due and payable, (2) will become due and payable at their stated maturity within one year, or (3) are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice and redemption by the Trustee (and in each case, we have irrevocably deposited with the Trustee an amount sufficient to pay and discharge the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on all outstanding Notes and any other sums due on the stated maturity date or redemption date, as the case may be); (b) we have paid all other sums payable by us under the Indenture; and (c) we have delivered an officer’s certificate and opinion of counsel confirming that all conditions precedent with respect to the satisfaction and discharge of the Indenture with respect to the Notes have been satisfied.

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Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets

The Indenture provides that we may not consolidate with or merge with or into, or convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of our properties and assets to any person, and we may not permit any other person to consolidate with or merge into us or to convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its properties and assets to us, unless:

• we are the surviving person or the successor person (if not us), is a corporation organized and validly existing under the laws of any United States domestic jurisdiction and expressly assumes, by a supplemental indenture, our obligations on the Notes and under the Indenture;

• immediately after giving effect to such transaction, and treating any indebtedness that becomes an obligation of us or our subsidiaries as a result of such transaction as having been incurred by us or such subsidiary at the effective date of such transaction, no default or event of default under the Indenture will have occurred and be continuing; and

• we have complied with our obligations to deliver certain documentation to the Trustee, including an officer’s certificate and opinion of counsel each stating that such proposed transaction and any supplemental indenture comply with the Indenture.

Further Issues

We may, from time to time, without notice to or the consent of the holders of the Notes, create and issue additional notes ranking equally with the Notes and with identical terms in all respects (except for the issue date, the offering price, the initial interest accrual date and the first interest payment date) in order that such additional notes may be consolidated and form a single series with the Notes and have the same terms as to status, redemption or otherwise as the Notes, subject to the procedures of the DTC; provided however, that a separate CUSIP number will be issued for any such additional notes unless such additional notes are fungible with the Notes for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

The Trustee may conclusively rely upon officer’s certificates, opinions or other documents furnished to it under the Indenture and will have no responsibility to confirm or investigate the accuracy of mathematical calculations or other facts stated therein. The Trustee will have no responsibility for monitoring PFS’s compliance with any of its covenants under the Indenture.

Effect of Benchmark Transition Event

If the calculation agent determines that a Benchmark Transition Event and its related Benchmark Replacement Date have occurred on or prior to the Reference Time in respect of any floating rate interest period during the floating rate period, then the Benchmark Replacement will replace the then-current Benchmark for all purposes relating to the Notes during such floating rate interest period and all subsequent floating rate interest periods. In connection with the implementation of a Benchmark Replacement, the calculation agent will have the right to make Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes from time to time.

As used herein:

“Benchmark Replacement” means the Interpolated Benchmark with respect to the then-current Benchmark, plus the Benchmark Replacement Adjustment for such Benchmark; provided that if (i) the calculation agent cannot determine the Interpolated Benchmark as of the Benchmark Replacement Date or (ii) the then-current Benchmark is Three-Month Term SOFR and a Benchmark Transition Event and its related Benchmark Replacement Date have occurred with respect to Three-Month Term SOFR (in which event no Interpolated Benchmark with respect to Three-Month Term SOFR will be determined), then “Benchmark Replacement”

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means the first alternative set forth in the order below that can be determined by the calculation agent as of the Benchmark Replacement Date:

1) Compounded SOFR;

2) the sum of: (a) the alternate rate that has been selected or recommended by the Relevant Governmental Body as the replacement for the then-current Benchmark for the applicable Corresponding Tenor and (b) the Benchmark Replacement Adjustment;

3) the sum of: (a) the ISDA Fallback Rate and (b) the Benchmark Replacement Adjustment; and

4) the sum of: (a) the alternate rate that has been selected by the calculation agent as the replacement for the then-current Benchmark for the applicable Corresponding Tenor, giving due consideration to any industry-accepted rate as a replacement for the then-current Benchmark for U.S. dollar-denominated floating rate securities at such time, and (b) the Benchmark Replacement Adjustment.

“Benchmark Replacement Adjustment” means the first alternative set forth in the order below that can be determined by the calculation agent as of the Benchmark Replacement Date:

1) the spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment (which may be a positive or negative value or zero), that has been selected or recommended by the Relevant Governmental Body for the applicable Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement;

2) if the applicable Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement is equivalent to the ISDA Fallback Rate, then the ISDA Fallback Adjustment; and

3) the spread adjustment (which may be a positive or negative value or zero) that has been selected by the calculation agent, giving due consideration to any industry-accepted spread adjustment or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment, for the replacement of the then-current Benchmark with the applicable Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement for U.S. dollar-denominated floating rate securities at such time.

“Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes” means, with respect to any Benchmark Replacement, any technical, administrative, or operational changes (including, without limitation, changes to the definition of “floating rate interest period,” timing and frequency of determining rates with respect to each floating rate interest period and making payments of interest, rounding of amounts or tenors, and other administrative matters) that the calculation agent determines may be appropriate to reflect the adoption of such Benchmark Replacement in a manner substantially consistent with market practice (or, if the calculation agent determines that adoption of any portion of such market practice is not administratively feasible or if the calculation agent determines that no market practice for use of the Benchmark Replacement exists, in such other manner as the calculation agent determines is reasonably necessary).

“Benchmark Replacement Date” means the earliest to occur of the following events with respect to the then-current Benchmark:

1) in the case of clause (1) of the definition of “Benchmark Transition Event,” the relevant Reference Time in respect of any determination;

2) in the case of clause (2) or (3) of the definition of “Benchmark Transition Event,” the later of (a) the date of the public statement or publication of information referenced therein and (b) the date on which the administrator of the Benchmark permanently or indefinitely ceases to provide the Benchmark; or

3) in the case of clause (4) of the definition of “Benchmark Transition Event,” the date of the public statement or publication of information referenced therein.

For the avoidance of doubt, if the event giving rise to the Benchmark Replacement Date occurs on the same day as, but earlier than, the Reference Time in respect of any determination, the Benchmark Replacement Date will be deemed to have occurred prior to the Reference Time for such determination.

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“Benchmark Transition Event” means the occurrence of one or more of the following events with respect to the then-current Benchmark:

1) if the Benchmark is Three-Month Term SOFR we determine that the use of a forward-looking rate for a tenor of three months based on SOFR is not administratively feasible;

2) a public statement or publication of information by or on behalf of the administrator of the Benchmark announcing that such administrator has ceased or will cease to provide the Benchmark, permanently or indefinitely, provided that, at the time of such statement or publication, there is no successor administrator that will continue to provide the Benchmark;

3) a public statement or publication of information by the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of the Benchmark, the central bank for the currency of the Benchmark, an insolvency official with jurisdiction over the administrator for the Benchmark, a resolution authority with jurisdiction over the administrator for the Benchmark or a court or an entity with similar insolvency or resolution authority over the administrator for the Benchmark, which states that the administrator of the Benchmark has ceased or will cease to provide the Benchmark permanently or indefinitely, provided that, at the time of such statement or publication, there is no successor administrator that will continue to provide the Benchmark; or

4) a public statement or publication of information by the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of the Benchmark announcing that the Benchmark is no longer representative.

“Compounded SOFR” means the compounded average of SOFRs for the applicable Corresponding Tenor, with the rate, or methodology for this rate, and conventions for this rate being established by the calculation agent in accordance with:

1) the rate, or methodology for this rate, and conventions for this rate selected or recommended by the Relevant Governmental Body for determining Compounded SOFR; provided that:

2) if, and to the extent that, the calculation agent determines that Compounded SOFR cannot be determined in accordance with clause (1) above, then the rate, or methodology for this rate, and conventions for this rate that have been selected by the calculation agent giving due consideration to any industry-accepted market practice for U.S. dollar-denominated floating rate securities at such time.

For the avoidance of doubt, the calculation of Compounded SOFR will exclude the Benchmark Replacement Adjustment and the spread specified above.

“Interpolated Benchmark” with respect to the Benchmark means the rate determined by the calculation agent for the Corresponding Tenor by interpolating on a linear basis between: (i) the Benchmark for the longest period (for which the Benchmark is available) that is shorter than the Corresponding Tenor, and (ii) the Benchmark for the shortest period (for which the Benchmark is available) that is longer than the Corresponding Tenor.

“ISDA” means the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. or any successor.

“ISDA Definitions” means the 2006 ISDA Definitions published by ISDA, as amended or supplemented from time to time, or any successor definitional booklet for interest rate derivatives published from time to time.

“ISDA Fallback Adjustment” means the spread adjustment (which may be a positive or negative value or zero) that would apply for derivatives transactions referencing the ISDA Definitions to be determined upon the occurrence of an index cessation event with respect to the Benchmark for the applicable tenor.

“ISDA Fallback Rate” means the rate that would apply for derivatives transactions referencing the ISDA Definitions to be effective upon the occurrence of an index cessation date with respect to the Benchmark for the applicable tenor excluding the applicable ISDA Fallback Adjustment.

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“Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement” means the Benchmark Replacement excluding the Benchmark Replacement Adjustment.

The terms “FRBNY’s Website,” “Reference Time,” “Relevant Governmental Body,” “SOFR” and “Term SOFR” have the meanings set forth under the heading “—Floating Rate Period” above.

Determinations and Decisions

The calculation agent (which may be us) is expressly authorized to make certain determinations, decisions, and elections under the terms of the Notes, including with respect to the use of Three-Month Term SOFR as the Benchmark for the floating rate period and under the benchmark transition provisions. Any determination, decision, or election that may be made by us or by the calculation agent under the terms of the Notes, including any determination with respect to a tenor, rate, or adjustment or of the occurrence or non-occurrence of an event, circumstance, or date and any decision to take or refrain from taking any action or any selection:

• will be conclusive and binding on the holders of the Notes, us (if we are not also the calculation agent) and the Trustee absent manifest error;

• if made by us as calculation agent, will be made in our sole discretion;

• if made by a calculation agent other than us, will be made after consultation with us, and the calculation agent will not make any such determination, decision, or election to which we reasonably object; and

• notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Indenture, will become effective without consent from the holders of the Notes or the Trustee or any other person.

If the calculation agent fails to make any determination, decision, or election that it is required to make under the terms of the applicable Notes, then we will make such determination, decision, or election on the same basis as described above. The indenture provides that the Trustee will have no liability relating to any delay caused by the calculation agent’s failure to timely or appropriately determine the rate of interest borne by the Notes.

Modification of the Indenture

Article 10 of the Base Indenture will apply to the Notes. In addition, without the consent of any holders of Notes, the Company and the Trustee, at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more supplemental indentures to implement in accordance with the terms herein any Three-Month Term SOFR Conventions or any benchmark transition provisions after a Benchmark Transition Event and its related Benchmark Replacement Date have occurred (or in anticipation thereof).

Calculation Agent

We will appoint a calculation agent for the Notes prior to the commencement of the floating rate period. We will act as the initial calculation agent.

Clearance and Settlement

DTC or any successor depositary will act as securities depositary for the Notes. The Notes will be issued initially in the form of one or more fully registered global notes (each such global note, a “global note”), registered in the name of DTC or its nominee and deposited with DTC or its designated custodian or such other depositary as any officer of the Company may designate. No holder of any beneficial interest in any global note held on its behalf by a depositary will have any rights under the indenture with respect to such global note, and such depositary may be treated by the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee as the

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owner of such global note for all purposes whatsoever. Beneficial interests in the global notes will be represented through book-entry accounts of financial institutions acting on behalf of beneficial owners as direct and indirect participants in DTC. Investors may not elect to receive a certificate representing their Notes while the Notes are held by a depositary. Investors may elect to hold interests in the global notes through DTC either directly if they are participants in DTC or indirectly through organizations that are participants in DTC.

The laws of some jurisdictions may require that some purchasers of securities take physical delivery of securities in definitive form. These laws may impair the ability to transfer beneficial interests in the Notes, so long as global notes represent the corresponding securities.

DTC has advised us that it is a limited-purpose trust company organized under the New York Banking Law, a “banking organization” within the meaning of the New York Banking Law, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a “clearing corporation” within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code and a “clearing agency” registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the Exchange Act. DTC holds securities that its direct participants deposit with DTC. DTC also facilitates the post-trade settlement among participants of sales and other securities transactions in deposited securities, through electronic computerized book-entry transfers and pledges between participants’ accounts. This eliminates the need for physical movement of securities certificates. Direct participants include both U.S. and non-U.S. securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations. DTC is a wholly owned subsidiary of The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation, which, in turn, is owned by a number of direct participants of DTC. Access to the DTC system is also available to others, referred to as indirect participants, such as both U.S. and non-U.S. securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing corporations that clear through or maintain a direct or indirect custodial relationship with a direct participant. The rules applicable to DTC and its participants are on file with the SEC.

Purchases of securities under the DTC system must be made by or through direct participants in DTC, who will receive a credit for the securities on DTC’s records. The ownership interest of each beneficial owner of securities will be recorded on the direct or indirect participants’ records. Beneficial owners will not receive written confirmation from DTC of their purchase. Beneficial owners are, however, expected to receive written confirmations providing details of the transaction, as well as periodic statements of their holdings, from the direct or indirect participant through which the beneficial owner entered into the transaction. Under a book-entry format, holders may experience some delay in their receipt of payments made with respect to the Notes, as such, the paying agent for the Notes will forward payments to Cede & Co., as nominee for DTC. DTC will forward the payments to its participants, who will then forward them to indirect participants or holders. Beneficial owners of securities other than DTC or its nominees will not be recognized by the relevant registrar, transfer agent, paying agent or trustee as registered holders of the Notes entitled to the benefits of the indenture. Beneficial owners that are not participants will be permitted to exercise their rights only indirectly through and according to the procedures of participants and, if applicable, indirect participants.

To facilitate subsequent transfers, all securities deposited by direct participants with DTC are registered in the name of DTC’s partnership nominee, Cede & Co., or such other name as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. The deposit of securities with DTC and their registration in the name of Cede & Co. or such other DTC nominee do not result in any change in beneficial ownership of those securities. DTC does not have, and is not anticipated to have, any knowledge of the actual beneficial owners of the Notes, as DTC’s records reflect only the identity of the direct participants to whose accounts the Notes are credited, which may or may not be the beneficial owners. The direct and indirect participants will remain responsible for keeping account of their holdings on behalf of their customers.

Conveyance of redemption notices and other communications by DTC to direct participants, by direct participants to indirect participants, and by direct and indirect participants to beneficial owners will be governed by arrangements among them, subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in effect from time to time. If less than all of the securities of any class are being redeemed, DTC will determine the amount of the interest of each direct participant to be redeemed in accordance with its then current procedures.

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Neither DTC nor Cede & Co. (nor any other DTC nominee) will consent or vote with respect to any securities unless authorized by a direct participant in accordance with DTC’s procedures. Under its usual procedures, DTC mails an omnibus proxy to the issuer as soon as possible after the record date. The omnibus proxy assigns Cede & Co.’s consenting or voting rights to those direct participants to whose accounts securities are credited on the record date (identified in a listing attached to the omnibus proxy).

DTC may discontinue providing its services as securities depositary with respect to the Notes at any time by giving reasonable notice to the issuer or its agent. Under these circumstances, in the event that a successor securities depositary is not obtained, certificates for the Notes are required to be printed and delivered. We may decide to discontinue the use of the system of book-entry-only transfers through DTC (or a successor securities depositary). In that event, certificates for the Notes will be printed and delivered to DTC.

As long as DTC or its nominee is the registered owner of the global note representing the Notes, DTC or its nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner and holder of that global note and all Notes represented by that global note for all purposes under the instruments governing the rights and obligations of holders of such securities. Except in the limited circumstances referred to in the accompanying prospectus, owners of beneficial interests in the global note:

• will not be entitled to have such global note or the Notes represented by that global note registered in their names;

• will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of securities certificates in exchange for beneficial interests; and

• will not be considered to be owners or holders of that global note or any Notes represented by that global note for any purpose under the instruments governing the rights and obligations of holders of such securities.

All redemption proceeds, payments of principal of, and interest on, the Notes represented by the global note and all transfers and deliveries of such global note will be made to DTC or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered holder of the global note. DTC’s practice is to credit its direct participants’ accounts upon DTC’s receipt of funds and corresponding detail information from the issuer or its agent, on the payment date in accordance with their respective holdings shown on DTC’s records. Payments by participants to beneficial owners of the Notes will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices of those participants, as is the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in “street name,” and will be the responsibility of that participant and not of DTC, the depositary, the issuer, the trustee or any of their respective agents, subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in effect from time to time. Payment of redemption proceeds and payments of principal of, or interest on, the Notes to Cede & Co. (or such other nominee as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC) are the responsibility of the issuer or its agent, disbursement of such payments to direct participants will be the responsibility of DTC, and disbursement of such payments to the beneficial owners of the Notes will be the responsibility of direct and indirect participants.

Ownership of beneficial interests in the global note will be limited to participants or persons that may hold beneficial interests through institutions that have accounts with DTC or its nominee. Ownership of beneficial interests in the global note will be shown only on, and the transfer of those ownership interests will be effected only through, records maintained by DTC or its nominee, with respect to participants’ interests, or any participant, with respect to interests of persons held by the participant on their behalf. Payments, transfers, deliveries, exchanges, redemptions and other matters relating to beneficial interests in the global note may be subject to various policies and procedures adopted by DTC from time to time. None of the Company, the Trustee or any agent for any of them will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of DTC’s or any direct or indirect participant’s records relating to, or for payments made on account of, beneficial interests in the global note, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any of DTC’s records or any direct or indirect participant’s records relating to these beneficial ownership interests.

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Although DTC has agreed to the foregoing procedures in order to facilitate transfer of interests in the global note among participants, DTC is under no obligation to perform or continue to perform these procedures, and these procedures may be discontinued at any time. Neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any agent for either of them will have any responsibility for the performance by DTC or its direct participants or indirect participants under the rules and procedures governing DTC or the standby instructions or customary procedures of the participants.

Because DTC can act only on behalf of direct participants, who in turn act only on behalf of direct or indirect participants, and certain banks, trust companies and other persons approved by it, the ability of a beneficial owner of the Notes to pledge them to persons or entities that do not participate in the DTC system may be limited due to the unavailability of physical certificates for the Notes.

DTC has advised us that it will take any action permitted to be taken by a registered holder of any securities under the Indenture only at the direction of one or more participants to whose accounts with DTC the relevant securities are credited.

The information in this section concerning DTC and its book-entry system has been obtained from sources that we believe to be accurate, but we assume no responsibility for the accuracy thereof.

Trustee

Wilmington Trust, National Association, will act as Trustee under the Indenture. The Trustee has all of the duties and responsibilities specified under the Trust Indenture Act. The Trustee is not obligated to exercise any of its rights or powers under the Indenture at the request or direction of the holders of the Notes, unless the holders have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee. From time to time, we, and one or more of our subsidiaries, may maintain deposit accounts and conduct other banking transactions, including lending transactions, with Wilmington Trust, National Association in the ordinary course of business. Additionally, we maintain banking relationships with Wilmington Trust, National Association and its affiliates in the ordinary course of business. These banking relationships include Wilmington Trust, National Association serving as trustee under indentures involving certain of our trust preferred securities and our outstanding subordinated notes. Additionally, Wilmington Trust, National Association serves as trustee under indentures involving certain of Lakeland’s subordinated notes and junior subordinated debentures.

Governing Law

The Notes and the Indenture will be governed by and will be construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.

Notices

Notwithstanding any other provision of the Indenture or any Note, where the Indenture or any Note provides for notice of any event or any other communication (including any notice of redemption or repurchase) to a holder of a Note (whether by mail or otherwise), such notice will be sufficiently given if given to DTC (or its designee) pursuant to the applicable procedures from DTC or its designee, including by electronic mail in accordance with accepted practices at DTC.

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CERTAIN ERISA CONSIDERATIONS

The following is a summary of certain considerations associated with the purchase and holding of the Notes by (1) employee benefit plans subject to Title I of the U.S. Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, which we refer to as “ERISA”, (2) plans, individual retirement accounts and other arrangements subject to Section 4975 of the Code, (3) plans subject to any federal, state, local, non-U.S. or other laws or regulations that are similar to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, which we collectively refer to as “Similar Laws”, and (4) entities whose underlying assets are considered to include “plan assets” of such employee benefit plans, plans or arrangements (each of which we call a “Plan”).

Each fiduciary of a Plan should consider the fiduciary standards of ERISA, to the extent applicable, or any applicable Similar Laws in the context of the Plan’s particular circumstances before authorizing an investment in the Notes. Accordingly, among other factors, the fiduciary should consider whether the investment would satisfy the prudence and diversification requirements of ERISA, to the extent applicable, or any applicable Similar Laws and would be consistent with the documents and instruments governing the Plan.

In addition, Section 406 of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code prohibit Plans subject to such provisions, which we call “ERISA Plans”, from engaging in certain transactions involving “plan assets” with persons that are “parties in interest” under ERISA or “disqualified persons” under Section 4975 of the Code with respect to the ERISA Plan. A violation of these “prohibited transaction” rules may result in an excise tax for such persons or other liabilities under ERISA and/or Section 4975 of the Code, unless exemptive relief is available under an applicable statutory or administrative exemption. Employee benefit plans that are governmental plans (as defined in Section 3(32) of ERISA), certain church plans (as defined in Section 3(33) of ERISA) and non-U.S. plans (as described in Section 4(b)(4) of ERISA) are not subject to the requirements of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, but may be subject to Similar Laws.

As a result of our business, we and certain of our affiliates may be considered parties in interest or disqualified persons with respect to many ERISA Plans. Prohibited transactions within the meaning of Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code could arise if the Notes were acquired by an ERISA Plan with respect to which an underwriter or we or our affiliate is a party in interest or a disqualified person. For example, if any underwriter or we are a party in interest or disqualified person with respect to an investing ERISA Plan (either directly or, in our case, by reason of our ownership of our subsidiaries), the purchase of any Notes by an ERISA Plan could result in a sale or exchange that is prohibited by Section 406(a)(1)(A) of ERISA and Section 4975(c)(1)(A) of the Code or lending of money or other extension of credit that is prohibited by Section 406(a)(1)(B) of ERISA and Section 4975(c)(1)(B) of the Code, unless exemptive relief were available under an applicable exemption (see below).

The U.S. Department of Labor has issued prohibited transaction class exemptions, or PTCEs, that may provide exemptive relief for direct or indirect prohibited transactions resulting from the purchase, holding or disposition of the Notes. Those class exemptions include:

• PTCE 96-23 — for certain transactions determined by in-house asset managers;

• PTCE 95-60 — for certain transactions involving insurance company general accounts;

• PTCE 91-38 — for certain transactions involving bank collective investment funds;

• PTCE 90-1 — for certain transactions involving insurance company pooled accounts; and

• PTCE 84-14 — for certain transactions determined by independent qualified professional asset managers.

In addition, ERISA Section 408(b)(17) and Section 4975(d)(20) of the Code provides an exemption for transactions between an ERISA Plan and a party in interest or disqualified person, provided that the party in

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interest or disqualified person is not a fiduciary (or an affiliate) who has or exercises any discretionary authority or control with respect to the investment of the ERISA Plan assets involved in the transaction or renders investment advice with respect to those assets, and is a party in interest or disqualified person solely by reason of being a service provider to the ERISA Plan or having a relationship to a service provider to the ERISA Plan and provided, further that the ERISA Plan pays no more, nor receives no less, than adequate consideration in connection with the transaction (the so-called “service provider exemption”). No assurance can be made that any such exemptions will be available, or that all of the conditions of any such exemptions will be satisfied, with respect to transactions involving the Notes.

Because of the possibility that direct or indirect prohibited transactions or violations of Similar Laws could occur as a result of the purchase, holding or disposition of the Notes by a Plan, the Notes may not be purchased by any Plan, or any person investing the assets of any Plan, unless its purchase, holding and disposition of the Notes will not constitute or result in a non-exempt prohibited transaction under ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code or a violation of any Similar Laws. Any purchaser or holder of the Notes or any interest in the Notes will be deemed to have represented by its purchase and holding of the Notes that either:

• it is not a Plan and is not purchasing the Notes or interest in the Notes on behalf of or with the assets of any Plan; or

• its purchase, holding and disposition of the Notes or interest in the Notes will not constitute or result in a non-exempt prohibited transaction under ERISA or the Code or a violation of any Similar Laws.

Due to the complexity of these rules and the penalties imposed upon persons involved in non-exempt prohibited transactions, it is important that any person considering the purchase of the Notes on behalf of or with the assets of any Plan consult with its counsel regarding the consequences under ERISA, the Code and any applicable Similar Laws of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of the Notes, whether any exemption would be applicable, and whether all conditions of such exemption would be satisfied such that the acquisition and holding of the Notes by the Plan would be entitled to full exemptive relief thereunder.

Nothing herein will be construed as, and the sale of the Notes to a Plan is in no respect, a representation or advice by us or the underwriters (or any of our or their affiliates) as to whether any investment in the Notes would meet any or all of the relevant legal requirements with respect to investment by, or is appropriate for, Plans generally or any particular Plan. The foregoing discussion is merely a summary and should not be construed as legal advice or as complete in all relevant respects.

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MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

This section describes the material U.S. federal income tax considerations of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of the Notes we are offering. It is not a complete analysis of all the potential tax considerations relating to the Notes. This summary is based upon the provisions of the Code, Treasury Regulations promulgated under the Code, and currently effective administrative rulings and judicial decisions. These authorities may be changed, perhaps with retroactive effect, so as to result in U.S. federal income tax consequences different from those set forth below.

This summary is limited to beneficial owners (referred to in this summary as holders) of the Notes that purchase the Notes upon their initial issuance at their “issue price” (i.e., the first price at which a substantial amount of the Notes is sold for cash to investors (excluding sales to bond houses, brokers or similar persons or organizations acting in the capacity as underwriters, placement agents or wholesalers)) and that will hold the Notes as capital assets within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code for U.S. federal income tax purposes. This summary does not address the tax considerations arising under the laws of any foreign, state or local jurisdiction. In addition, this discussion does not address any alternative minimum tax provisions of the Code or net investment income tax considerations, nor does it address all U.S. federal income tax considerations that may be applicable to holders’ particular circumstances or to holders that may be subject to special tax rules, such as, for example:

• banks, insurance companies, or other financial institutions;

• real estate investment trusts;

• regulated investment companies;

• controlled foreign corporations and their shareholders;

• passive foreign investment companies and their shareholders;

• tax-exempt organizations;

• qualified retirement plans, individual retirement accounts and other deferred compensation arrangements;

• governmental entities;

• brokers and dealers in securities;

• certain U.S. expatriates;

• traders in securities that elect to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for their securities holdings;

• U.S. holders (as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar;

• holders subject to the special tax accounting rules under Section 451 of the Code;

• persons that will hold the Notes as a position in a hedging transaction, wash sale, straddle, conversion transaction or other risk reduction or synthetic transaction; and

• entities or arrangements classified as partnerships or S corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes or other pass-through entities, or investors in such entities.

If an entity or arrangement classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds the Notes, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If you are an entity or arrangement classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes that will hold Notes or a partner of such a partnership, you are urged to consult your tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of holding the Notes to you.

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This summary of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations is for general information only and is not tax advice. You are urged to consult your tax advisor with respect to the application of U.S. federal income tax laws to your particular situation as well as any tax considerations arising under other U.S. federal tax laws (such as the estate or gift tax laws) or under the laws of any state, local, foreign or other taxing jurisdiction or under any applicable tax treaty.

U.S. Holders

This subsection describes the tax considerations for a “U.S. holder.” You are a “U.S. holder” if you are a beneficial owner of a Note and you are:

• an individual citizen or resident of the United States;

• a corporation (or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, or the District of Columbia;

• an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source; or

• a trust that (1) is subject to the supervision of a court within the United States if one or more “United States persons” (as defined in the Code) have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust, or (2) has a valid election in effect under applicable Treasury Regulations to be treated as a “United States person.”

Payments of interest and original discount on the Notes. The Notes will initially bear interest at a fixed annual rate. Subsequent to the fixed rate period, the Notes will bear interest at the Benchmark Rate, which is expected to be the Three-Month Term SOFR, plus a fixed spread. The Notes should be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as variable rate debt instruments that provide for a single fixed rate followed by a single “qualified floating rate.” A qualified floating rate is any variable rate where variations in the value of such rate can reasonably be expected to measure contemporaneous variations in the cost of newly borrowed funds in the currency in which the debt instrument is denominated. Under this characterization, payments treated as qualified stated interest on the Notes generally will be taxable to U.S. holders as ordinary interest income at the time such interest payments are accrued or received, depending on the U.S. holder’s regular method of accounting for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Qualified stated interest generally means stated interest that is unconditionally payable in cash at least annually at a single fixed rate, but as discussed below, special rules are applicable to a variable rate debt instrument.

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, original issue discount is the excess of the stated redemption price at maturity of a debt instrument over its issue price (as defined above) if such excess equals or exceeds a specified de minimis amount (generally 1/4 of 1% of the debt instrument’s stated redemption price at maturity multiplied by the number of complete years to maturity of such debt instrument). The stated redemption price at maturity of a debt instrument is the sum of all payments provided by the debt instrument other than payments of qualified stated interest. A U.S. holder (regardless of its method of tax accounting) will be required to include original issue discount, if any, in ordinary income as it accrues in accordance with a constant yield method based on a compounding of interest. Any amounts included in income as original issue discount with respect to a Note, if any, will increase a U.S. holder’s adjusted basis in the Note.

Under applicable Treasury Regulations, to determine the amount of qualified stated interest and original issue discount in respect of variable rate debt instruments such as the Notes, an equivalent fixed rate debt instrument must be constructed. The equivalent fixed rate debt instrument is a hypothetical instrument that has terms that are identical to those of the Notes, except that the equivalent fixed rate debt instrument provides for fixed rate substitutes in lieu of the actual rates on the Notes. The equivalent fixed rate debt instrument for the Notes is constructed in the following fashion: (1) first, the initial fixed rate is replaced with a qualified floating rate such that the fair market value of the Notes as of the Notes’ issue date would be approximately the same as the fair market value of an otherwise identical debt instrument that provides for the replacement qualified floating rate rather than the fixed rate, and (2) second, each qualified floating rate (including the qualified

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floating rate determined under (1) above) is converted into a fixed rate substitute (which, in each case, generally will be the value of each qualified floating rate as of the issue date of the Notes).

After the equivalent fixed rate debt instrument has been constructed pursuant to the foregoing rules, the amount of qualified stated interest and original issue discount, if any, are determined for the equivalent fixed rate debt instrument by applying the general original issue discount rules to the equivalent fixed rate debt instrument, and a U.S. holder of the Notes will account for such original issue discount, if any, and qualified stated interest as if the U.S. holder held the equivalent fixed rate debt instrument. For each accrual period, appropriate adjustments will be made to the amount of qualified state interest or original issue discount assumed to have been accrued or paid with respect to the equivalent fixed rate debt instrument in the event that such amounts differ from the actual amount of interest accrued or paid on the Notes during the accrual period.

The Treasury Regulations provide special rules for determining the yield and maturity of a debt instrument, such as the Notes, that provide an issuer with an unconditional option to redeem the instrument at specified times. The Treasury Regulations generally deem an issuer to exercise a redemption option in a manner that minimizes the yield on the debt instrument for purposes of determining whether a debt instrument is issued with original issue discount. If, as of the issue date, the initial fixed rate substitute on the equivalent fixed rate debt instrument (as determined in the manner described above) is equal to or greater than the fixed rate substitute of the floating rate (as determined in the manner described above), the Notes will be presumed not to be redeemed, and the qualified stated interest and original issue discount with respect to the Notes will be calculated as described above. Under such circumstances, the Notes may be issued with original issue discount. If, however, as of the issue date, the initial fixed rate substitute on the equivalent fixed rate debt instrument (as determined in the manner described above) is less than the fixed rate substitute of the floating rate (as determined in the manner described above), the yield on the Notes will be minimized if the Notes are redeemed immediately before the change in the interest rate at the end of the fixed rate period, and, therefore, the Notes will be treated as maturing on such date and issued without original issue discount. This presumption is made solely for purposes of determining whether the Notes are issued with original issue discount for U.S. federal income tax purposes and is not an indication of our intention to redeem or not to redeem the Notes at any time. If, contrary to this presumption, the Notes are not redeemed prior to the change in the interest rate at the end of the fixed rate period, then, solely for original issue discount purposes, the Notes will be deemed to be reissued at their adjusted issue price on the date that they are not redeemed, and therefore as issued without original issue discount. This deemed reissuance should not give rise to taxable gain or loss to U.S. holders.

Sale, exchange, retirement or other taxable disposition. Upon the sale, exchange, retirement or other taxable disposition of a Note, a U.S. holder will recognize taxable gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized on such disposition (except to the extent any amount realized is attributable to accrued but unpaid interest, which will be treated as a payment of interest) and the U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in the Note. U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in a Note generally will be its cost increased by the amounts of any original issue discount previously included in income by the U.S. holder with respect to the Note and decreased by any payments (other than amounts treated as qualified stated interest received) on the Note. Gain or loss recognized on the disposition of a Note generally will be capital gain or loss, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if, at the time of the disposition, the U.S. holder’s holding period for the Note is more than one year. Long-term capital gains of non-corporate taxpayers are generally eligible for preferential rates of taxation. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to certain limitations.

Information reporting and backup withholding. Information returns are required to be filed with the IRS in connection with payments on the Notes and proceeds received from a sale or other disposition of the Notes unless the U.S. holder is an exempt recipient. U.S. holder may also be subject to backup withholding on these payments in respect of the U.S. holder’s Notes unless the U.S. holder provides a taxpayer identification number and otherwise complies with applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules or the U.S. holder provides proof of an applicable exemption. Amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules are not additional taxes and may be refunded or credited against the U.S. holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.

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Non-U.S. Holders

This subsection describes the tax considerations for a “non-U.S. holder.” You are a “non-U.S. holder” if you are the beneficial owner of a Note that is not an entity or arrangement classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes (which, as indicated above, we do not address herein) and is:

• a nonresident alien individual;

• a foreign corporation; or

• an estate or trust that in either case is not subject to United States federal income tax on a net income basis on income or gain from the Notes.

Payments of interest. Subject to the discussion under “—Information reporting and backup withholding” and “—FATCA” below, payments of principal and interest on the Notes to a non-U.S. holder generally will be exempt from U.S. federal income or withholding tax if, in the case of the payments of interest:

• the non-U.S. holder does not own, actually or constructively, 10% or more of the combined voting power of all classes of our stock entitled to vote;

• the non-U.S. holder is not a “controlled foreign corporation” for U.S. federal income tax purposes that is related to us through stock ownership;

• the non-U.S. holder certifies under penalties of perjury on IRS Form W-8BEN or, if applicable, W-8BEN-E that the non-U.S. holder is not a United States person (or, in the case of Notes held by a foreign intermediary (other than a “qualified intermediary”), the foreign intermediary provides IRS Form W-8IMY with the required attachments, including an appropriate certification by each beneficial owner of Notes); and

• the non-U.S. holder is not receiving such interest as income effectively connected with the conduct by the non-U.S. holder of a trade or business within the United States.

If a non-U.S. holder cannot satisfy one of the first three requirements described above and interest on the Notes is not exempt from withholding because it is effectively connected with the non-U.S. holder’s conduct of a trade or business in the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, is attributable to the non-U.S. holder’s U.S. permanent establishment or fixed base), as described below, payments of interest on the Notes will be subject to withholding tax at a rate of 30%, or the rate specified by an applicable treaty.

Sale, exchange or other taxable disposition. Subject to the discussions of FATCA and information reporting and backup withholding below, a non-U.S. holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax on gain realized on a sale, redemption or other taxable disposition of Notes, unless the gain is effectively connected with the non-U.S. holder’s conduct of a trade or business in the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, is attributable to the non-U.S. holder’s U.S. permanent establishment or fixed base), as described below. However, any proceeds attributable to accrued interest will be treated as described in “—Payments of interest” above.

Income or gain effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business. If interest or gain on the Notes is effectively connected with a non-U.S. holder’s conduct of a trade or business in the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, is attributable to a U.S. permanent establishment or fixed base maintained by a non-U.S. holder), a non-U.S. holder will generally be taxed in the same manner as a U.S. holder. In this case, a non-U.S. holder will be exempt from the withholding tax on interest discussed above, although a non-U.S. holder will be required to provide a properly executed IRS Form W-8ECI in order to claim an exemption from withholding. Non-U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors with respect to other U.S. tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of Notes, including the possible imposition of a branch profits tax at a rate of 30% (or a lower treaty rate) if the non-U.S. holder is a corporation.

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Information reporting and backup withholding. Information returns are required to be filed with the IRS in connection with payments of interest on the Notes. Unless the non-U.S. holder complies with certification procedures to establish that the non-U.S. holder is not a United States person, information returns may also be filed with the IRS in connection with the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of a note. A non-U.S. holder may be subject to backup withholding on payments on the Notes or on the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of the Notes unless the non-U.S. holder complies with certification procedures to establish that a non-U.S. holder is not a United States person or otherwise establish an exemption. The certification procedures required to claim the exemption from withholding tax on interest described above will satisfy the certification requirements necessary to avoid backup withholding as well.

Amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules are not additional taxes and may be refunded or credited against the non-U.S. holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.

FATCA. Provisions commonly referred to as “FATCA” impose withholding of 30% on payments of interest on the Notes and on payments of gross proceeds of sales or redemptions of the Notes to “foreign financial institutions” (which is broadly defined for this purpose and in general includes investment vehicles and financial intermediaries) and certain other non-U.S. entities unless various U.S. information reporting and due diligence requirements (generally relating to ownership by U.S. persons of interests in or accounts with those entities) have been satisfied, or an exemption applies. However, proposed Treasury Regulations (the preamble to which specifies that taxpayers are permitted to rely on them pending finalization) eliminate the withholding requirement on payments of gross proceeds of a taxable disposition (other than any amount treated as interest). Holders are encouraged to consult with their own tax advisors regarding the possible implications of FATCA on their investment in the Notes.

The discussion of U.S. federal income tax considerations set forth above is included for general information only and may not be applicable depending upon a holder’s particular situation. Prospective purchasers of the Notes are urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax consequences to them of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Notes, including the tax consequences under state, local, estate, foreign and other tax laws and the possible effects of changes in U.S. or other tax laws.

UNDERWRITING

We have entered into an underwriting agreement with Piper Sandler & Co. and Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc. (collectively, the “underwriters”) with respect to the Notes being offered pursuant to this prospectus supplement. Subject to certain conditions, each underwriter has agreed, severally and not jointly, to purchase the aggregate principal amount of Notes set forth next to its name in the following table.

Underwriters	Principal Amount of Notes
Piper Sandler & Co.	$	135,000,000
Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc.	$	90,000,000
Total	$	225,000,000

The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the underwriters are subject to certain conditions precedent such as the receipt by the underwriters of officers’ certificates and legal opinions and approval of certain legal matters by its counsel. The underwriting agreement provides that the underwriters have agreed, severally and not jointly, to purchase all of the Notes offered hereby if any of them are purchased. If an underwriter defaults, the underwriting agreement provides that the purchase commitments of the non-defaulting underwriters may be increased or the underwriting agreement may be terminated under certain circumstances. We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to contribute to payments that the underwriters may be required to make in respect of those liabilities.

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The Notes will constitute a new class of securities with no established trading market. The underwriters have advised us that, following the completion of this offering, they currently intend to make a market in the Notes as permitted by applicable laws and regulations. However, the underwriters are not obligated to do so, and the underwriters may discontinue any market-making activities at any time without notice in their sole discretion. Accordingly, no assurance can be given as to the liquidity of the trading market for the Notes, that you will be able to sell any of the Notes held by you at a particular time or that the prices that you receive when you sell will be favorable.

The underwriters are offering the Notes offered hereby subject to their acceptance of such Notes from us and subject to prior sale. The underwriters reserve the right to withdraw, cancel or modify offers to the public and to reject orders in whole or in part.

Commission and Expenses

Notes sold by the underwriters to the public will be offered at the public offering price set forth on the cover of this prospectus supplement. Any Notes sold by the underwriters to securities dealers may be sold at a discount from the initial public offering price not to exceed 0.50% of the principal amount of the Notes. If all of the Notes are not sold at their applicable initial offering prices, the underwriters may change the offering prices and the other selling terms. The offering of the Notes by the underwriters is subject to receipt and acceptance and subject to the underwriters’ right to reject any order in whole or in part.

The following table shows the public offering price, the underwriting discounts and commissions that we are to pay the underwriters and the proceeds, before expenses, to us in connection with this offering (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount of the Notes offered hereby).

	Per Note			Total
Public offering price(1)		100.00	%	$	225,000,000
Underwriting discounts and commissions paid by us(2)		1.25	%	$	2,812,500
Proceeds to us, before expenses		98.75	%	$	222,187,500

(1) Plus accrued interest, if any, from the original issue date.

(2) We have agreed to reimburse the underwriters up to $425,000 for certain legal expenses in connection with this offering. Such reimbursement is deemed underwriter compensation by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) under FINRA Rule 5110.

We estimate expenses payable by us in connection with this offering and the directed notes program, other than, in each case, underwriting discounts and commissions, will be approximately $2,937,500.

We expect that delivery of the Notes will be made against payment therefor on or about May 13, 2024, which will be the second business day following the date of pricing of the Notes, or “T+2”.

No Listing

The Notes will not be listed on any securities exchange or included in any automated quotation system.

No Sale of Similar Securities

We have agreed with the underwriters that for a period from the date of the underwriting agreement through and including the closing date of the offering, we and our subsidiaries will not, without the prior consent of Piper Sandler & Co. and Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc., offer, sell, contract to sell or otherwise dispose of any debt securities issued or guaranteed by us or any of our subsidiaries.

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Directed Notes Program

At our request, the underwriters have reserved up to 10% of the Notes being offered by this prospectus supplement for sale at the public offering price to our officers and directors and officers and directors of Lakeland who have expressed an interest in purchasing our Notes in this offering. We do not know if these persons will choose to purchase all or any portion of these reserved Notes, but the amount of Notes available for sale to the general public in the offering will be reduced to the extent these persons purchase the reserved Notes. Any reserved Notes not so purchased will be offered by the underwriters to the general public on the same terms as the other Notes.

Stabilization

In connection with this offering of the Notes, the underwriters may engage in overallotment, stabilizing transactions and syndicate covering transactions. Overallotment involves sales in excess of the offering size, which create a short position for the underwriters. Stabilizing transactions involve bids to purchase the Notes in the open market for the purpose of pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of the Notes. Syndicate covering transactions involve purchases of the Notes in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover short positions. Stabilizing transactions and syndicate covering transactions may cause the price of the Notes to be higher than it would otherwise be in the absence of those transactions. If the underwriters engage in stabilizing or syndicate covering transactions, they may discontinue such activities at any time without notice.

Neither we nor any of the underwriters makes any representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above may have on the price of the Notes. In addition, neither we nor any of the underwriters makes any representation that the underwriters will engage in these transactions or that these transactions, once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.

Other Activities and Relationships

The underwriters and certain of their affiliates are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, investment research, principal investment, hedging, financing and brokerage activities. The underwriters or their affiliates have, from time to time, performed, and may in the future perform, various commercial and investment banking and financial advisory services for us and our affiliates, for which they received or will receive customary fees and expenses. In addition, Piper Sandler & Co. is acting as our financial advisor in connection with the Transactions, and Keefe Bruyette & Woods, Inc. is acting as financial advisor to Lakeland in connection with the Transactions.

In the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and certain of their affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers, and such investment and securities activities may involve securities or instruments issued by us and our affiliates. If the underwriters or their affiliates have a lending relationship with us, they routinely hedge their credit exposure to us consistent with their customary risk management policies. The underwriters and their affiliates may hedge such exposure by entering into transactions which consist of either the purchase of credit default swaps or the creation of short positions in our securities or the securities of our affiliates, including potentially the Notes offered hereby. Any such short positions could adversely affect future trading prices of the Notes offered hereby. The underwriters and their affiliates may also communicate independent investment recommendations, market color or trading ideas or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long or short positions in such securities and instruments.

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LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the Notes offered hereby will be passed upon for PFS by Luse Gorman, PC, Washington, D.C. Certain legal matters related to the offering will be passed upon for the underwriters by Holland & Knight LLP, Washington, D.C.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of Provident Financial Services, Inc. as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2023, and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, have been incorporated by reference herein in reliance upon the reports of KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, incorporated by reference herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

The consolidated financial statements of Lakeland Bancorp, Inc. as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2023, and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, have been incorporated by reference herein in reliance upon the reports of KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, incorporated by reference herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

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PROSPECTUS

Common Stock

Preferred Stock

Depositary Shares

Warrants or Other Rights

Debt Securities

Purchase Contracts

Units

Provident Financial Services, Inc. and/or one or more selling security holders to be identified in the future may offer to sell, from time to time,

• shares of our common stock,

• shares of our preferred stock, either separately or represented by depositary shares,

• rights or warrants exercisable for our common stock, preferred stock or depositary shares representing preferred stock,

• debt securities, which may be issued in one or more series and which may be senior debt securities or subordinated debt securities,

• purchase contracts for the purchase or sale of our debt securities, preferred stock, depositary shares or common stock, and

• units comprised of two or more of the securities described in this prospectus in any combination.

The securities may be offered and sold in any combination or amounts, at prices and on terms that we will determine at the time of any particular offering, to or through one or more agents, dealers or underwriters, or directly to purchasers, on a continuous or delayed basis.

This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities that may be offered. Each time securities are sold, we will provide one or more prospectus supplements that will contain additional information about the specific offering and the terms of the securities being offered. The prospectus supplements may also add to, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should carefully read this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement before you invest in any of our securities.

Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “PFS.”

You should read this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplements carefully before you invest. Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. See the section entitled “Risk Factors,” on page 4 of this prospectus, in any prospectus supplement and in the documents we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission that are incorporated in this prospectus by reference for certain risks and uncertainties you should consider.

You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front of such documents. We are not making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission, nor any bank regulatory agency, nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is accurate or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. The securities are not savings or deposit accounts or other obligations of any banking or non-banking subsidiary of ours and are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency.

The date of this prospectus is October 30, 2023

TABLE OF CONTENTS

	Page
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS		1
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION		2
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE		2
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS		3
PROVIDENT FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC.		4
RISK FACTORS		4
USE OF PROCEEDS		5
SUMMARY OF THE SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER		5
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK		5
DESCRIPTION OF DEPOSITARY SHARES		9
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES		12
DESCRIPTION OF PURCHASE CONTRACTS		21
DESCRIPTION OF UNITS		22
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION		22
LEGAL MATTERS		24
EXPERTS		24

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), as a “well-known seasoned issuer” as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) using an automatic “shelf” registration process. Under the shelf process, we may, from time to time, offer and sell any of the securities identified in this prospectus in one or more offerings.

Each time we offer and sell securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement along with this prospectus that will contain specific information about the terms of the offering and the securities being offered and, if necessary, a pricing supplement that will contain the specific terms of your securities. The prospectus supplement and, if necessary, the pricing supplement, may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. Any information contained in this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded by any inconsistent information contained in a prospectus supplement or a pricing supplement. You should read carefully this prospectus and any prospectus supplement and pricing supplement, together with the additional information described below under the caption “Where You Can Find More Information.”

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-3, of which this prospectus is a part, under the Securities Act, with respect to the securities. This prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement, portions of which we have omitted as permitted by the rules and regulations of the SEC. The registration statement can be obtained from the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov.

Statements contained in this prospectus as to the contents of any contract or other document are not necessarily complete. You should refer to the copy of each contract or document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement for a complete description.

Because we are a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act, we may add to and offer additional securities including secondary securities by filing a prospectus supplement or term sheet with the SEC at the time of the offer.

You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus. No one is authorized to provide you with different information. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement or any document incorporated by reference is truthful or complete for any date other than the date indicated on the cover page of these documents. If there is any inconsistency between the information in this prospectus (including the information incorporated by reference therein) and any prospectus supplement or pricing supplement, you should rely on the information in that prospectus supplement or pricing supplement. You should read both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement and pricing supplement together with additional information described under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information.”

You should read this prospectus together with any applicable prospectus supplement and any additional information you may need to make your investment decision. You should also read and carefully consider the information in the documents we have referred you to in “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference” below. Information incorporated by reference after the date of this prospectus may add to, update or change information contained in this prospectus. Any information in such subsequent filings that is inconsistent with this prospectus will supersede the information in this prospectus or any earlier prospectus supplement.

We are not offering the securities in any state or other jurisdiction where the offer is prohibited. The distribution of this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement and the offering of the securities in certain jurisdictions may be restricted by law. Persons into whose possession this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement come should inform themselves about and observe any such restrictions. This prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement do not constitute, and may not be used in connection with, an offer or

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solicitation by anyone in any jurisdiction in which such offer or solicitation is not authorized or in which the person making such offer or solicitation is not qualified to do so or to any person to whom it is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation.

Unless otherwise indicated or unless the context requires otherwise, all references in this prospectus to “Provident Financial,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our” or similar references mean Provident Financial Services, Inc. and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis, and references to the “Bank” mean Provident Bank.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement under the Securities Act that registers, among other securities, the offer and sale of the securities that we may offer under this prospectus. The registration statement, including the attached exhibits and schedules included or incorporated by reference in the registration statement, contains additional relevant information about us. The rules and regulations of the SEC allow us to omit certain information included in the registration statement from this prospectus. In addition, we file reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). These documents are available at the Internet site that the SEC maintains, http://www.sec.gov.

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” information we file with the SEC into this prospectus. This means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document that we file separately with the SEC. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be a part of this prospectus, except for any information that is superseded by information that is included directly in this document or in a more recent incorporated document.

This prospectus incorporates by reference the documents listed below that we have previously filed with the SEC.

• Annual Report on  Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed on March 1, 2023 (including portions of our Proxy Statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders filed on March 17, 2023, to the extent specifically incorporated by reference in such Form 10-K);

• Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2023, filed on May 10, 2023, and for the period ended June 30, 2023, filed on August 8, 2023;

• Current Reports on Form 8-K (other than those portions furnished under Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K), filed on January  25, 2023, January 31, 2023, February 2, 2023, April 4, 2023, May  1, 2023, and October 3, 2023; and

• The description of our common stock included in Provident Financial’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on December 12, 2002 (File No. 001-31566), and any amendment or report filed with the SEC for the purpose of updating such description.

In addition, we also incorporate by reference all future documents that we file with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the date of our initial registration statement relating to the securities until the completion of the distribution of the securities covered by this prospectus. These documents include periodic reports, such as annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K (other than current reports furnished under Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K), as well as proxy statements.

The information incorporated by reference contains information about us and our financial condition and is an important part of this prospectus.

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You can obtain any of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus through us, or from the SEC through the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Documents incorporated by reference are available from us without charge, excluding any exhibits to those documents, unless the exhibit is specifically incorporated by reference as an exhibit in this prospectus. You can obtain documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus by requesting them in writing or by telephone from us at the following address:

Provident Financial Services, Inc.

111 Wood Avenue South

Iselin, New Jersey 08830

Attention: Investor Relations Department

(732) 590-9200

In addition, we maintain a corporate website, www.provident.bank. We make available, through our website, our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. This reference to our website is for the convenience of investors as required by the SEC and shall not be deemed to incorporate any information on the website into this Registration Statement.

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus and the other documents we incorporate by reference in this prospectus, may include forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Forward-looking statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe future plans, strategies, and expectations of the Company, are generally identified by use of the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “seek,” “strive,” “try,” or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “may,” or similar expressions. The Company’s ability to predict results or the actual effects of its plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. Although we believe that our plans, intentions and expectations, as reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that these plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved or realized. Our ability to predict results or the actual effects of our plans and strategies is inherently uncertain. Actual results, performance or achievements could differ materially from those contemplated, expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements are set forth under Item 1A—“Risk Factors” in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K and in other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. There are a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, that could cause actual conditions, events, or results to differ significantly from those described in the forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to: those related to the economic environment, particularly in the market areas in which the Company operates, competitive products and pricing, fiscal and monetary policies of the U.S. Government, the effects of the recent turmoil in the banking industry (including the closing of three financial institutions), changes in accounting policies and practices that may be adopted by the regulatory agencies and the accounting standards setters, changes in government regulations affecting financial institutions, including regulatory fees and capital requirements, changes in prevailing interest rates, acquisitions and the integration of acquired businesses, credit risk management, asset-liability management, the financial and securities markets, the availability of and costs associated with sources of liquidity, the ability to complete, or any delays in completing, the pending merger between the Company and Lakeland Bancorp, Inc.; any failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the merger transaction when expected or at all; certain restrictions during the pendency of the merger transaction that may impact the Company’s ability to pursue certain business opportunities or strategic transactions; the possibility that the merger transaction may be more expensive to complete than anticipated, including as a result of unexpected factors or events, diversion of

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management’s attention from ongoing business operations and opportunities; potential adverse reactions or changes to business or employee relationships, including those resulting from the completion of the merger and integration of the companies, war or terrorist activities, and other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory, and geopolitical factors affecting the Company’s operations, pricing, and services. Additionally, the timing and occurrence or non-occurrence of events may be subject to circumstances beyond our control.

You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect our expectations only as of the date of this prospectus. We do not assume any obligation to revise forward-looking statements except as may be required by law.

PROVIDENT FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC.

Provident Financial Services, Inc. is the holding company for Provident Bank, a community-oriented bank offering “commitment you can count on” since 1839. Provident Bank provides a comprehensive array of financial products and services through its network of branches throughout northern and central New Jersey, Bucks, Lehigh and Northampton counties in Pennsylvania and Queens and Nassau Counties in New York. Provident Bank also provides fiduciary and wealth management services through its wholly owned subsidiary, Beacon Trust Company, and insurance services through its wholly-owed subsidiary, Provident Protection Plus, Inc. The Provident Bank Foundation has supported all of its markets and communities with assistance with housing, education, health and home care for over 15 years. At September 30, 2023, Provident Financial had total assets of $14.09 billion, total deposits of $10.14 billion and total stockholders’ equity of $1.62 billion.

Provident Financial is regulated by the Federal Reserve Board of Governors as a bank holding company and Provident Bank is regulated by the New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance, our chartering authority, and by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, as insurer of our deposits.

Our common stock currently trades on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “PFS.”

Our principal executive offices are located at 239 Washington Street Jersey City, New Jersey 07302, and our telephone number is (732) 590-9200.

Additional information about us and our subsidiaries is included in documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus. See “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference” on page 1 of this prospectus.

RISK FACTORS

Investing in our securities involves risks. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider the risks described under “Risk Factors” in the applicable prospectus supplement and in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, and in our updates to those Risk Factors in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, together with all of the other information appearing in this prospectus or incorporated by reference into this prospectus, the prospectus supplement or any applicable pricing supplement, in light of your particular investment objectives and financial circumstances. In addition to those risk factors, there may be additional risks and uncertainties of which management is not aware. Our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially affected by any of these risks. The trading price of our securities could decline due to any of these risks, and you may lose all or part of your investment.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities for general corporate purposes unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement relating to a specific issue of securities. Our general corporate purposes may include, without limitation, repurchasing our outstanding common stock, enhancing our digital presence, financing possible acquisitions of branches, other financial institutions, other businesses that are related to banking or diversification into other banking-relating businesses, extending credit to, or funding investments in, our subsidiaries and repaying, reducing or refinancing indebtedness.

The precise amounts and the timing of our use of the net proceeds will depend upon market conditions, our subsidiaries’ funding requirements, the availability of other funds and other factors. Until we use the net proceeds from the sale of any of our securities for general corporate purposes, we will use the net proceeds to reduce our indebtedness or for temporary investments. We expect that we will, on a recurrent basis, engage in additional financings as the need arises to finance our corporate strategies, to fund our subsidiaries, to finance acquisitions or otherwise.

The prospectus supplement with respect to an offering of any security may identify different or additional uses for the proceeds of that offering.

SUMMARY OF THE SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER

The descriptions of the securities contained in this prospectus, together with the applicable prospectus supplements, summarize certain material terms and provisions of the various types of securities that we or selling security holders may offer. The particular material terms of the securities offered by a prospectus supplement will be described in that prospectus supplement. If indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, the terms of the offered securities may differ from the terms summarized below. The prospectus supplement will also contain information, where applicable, about material U.S. federal income tax considerations relating to the offered securities, and the securities exchange, if any, on which the offered securities will be listed. The descriptions in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement do not contain all of the information that you may find useful or that may be important to you. You should refer to the provisions of the actual documents whose terms are summarized herein and in the applicable prospectus supplement, because those documents, and not the summaries, define your rights as holders of the relevant securities. For more information, please review the forms of these documents, which will be filed with the SEC and will be available as described under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information” above.

We may issue securities in book-entry form through one or more depositaries, such as The Depository Trust Company, named in the applicable prospectus supplement. Each sale of a security in book-entry form will settle in immediately available funds through the applicable depositary, unless otherwise stated. We will issue the securities in registered form, without coupons. If any securities are to be listed on a securities exchange, the applicable prospectus supplement will say so.

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

The following description of our capital stock, certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and certain provisions of Delaware law is a summary. The summary does not purport to be exhaustive and is qualified in its entirety by reference to our certificate of incorporation, bylaws and the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”). Copies of our certificate of incorporation and our bylaws have been filed with the SEC and are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

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General

Our authorized capital consists of 200,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value, and 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value. All issued and outstanding shares are fully paid and non-assessable. As of September 30, 2023, there were 75,531,884 shares of common stock outstanding and no shares of preferred stock outstanding.

Common stock

Our stockholders are entitled to one (1) vote for each share of common stock held of record by them on all matters to be voted on by stockholders, except, as provided in our certificate of incorporation, our stockholders who beneficially own in excess of 10% of the outstanding shares of our common stock (the “Provident Limit”) are not entitled to any vote with respect to shares held in excess of the Provident Limit. A person is deemed to beneficially own shares owned by an affiliate of, as well as by persons acting in concert with such person. Our certificate of incorporation authorizes our of directors (i) to make all determinations necessary or desirable to implement the Provident Limit, including determining whether persons or entities are acting in concert, and (ii) to demand that any person who is reasonably believed to beneficially own stock in excess of the Provident Limit supply information to the Company to enable our board of directors to implement and apply the Provident Limit. The holders of common stock are not entitled to cumulative voting rights with respect to the election of directors, and as a consequence, minority stockholders are not able to elect directors on the basis of their votes alone. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any shares of preferred stock currently outstanding or issued in the future, holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably such dividends as may be declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available therefor. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of our common stock are entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining after payment of liabilities and the liquidation preference of any then outstanding preferred stock. Holders of common stock have no preemptive rights and no right to convert their common stock into any other securities. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. The rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred or other stock that we may designate in the future.

The Company’s common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “PFS.” The transfer agent for the Company’s common stock is Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc.

Preferred stock

Our board of directors has the authority, without further action by the stockholders, to issue up to 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preferences, sinking fund terms and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of such series.

The particular terms of any series of preferred stock will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to that series of preferred stock. Those terms may include:

• the title and stated value;

• the number of shares we are offering;

• the liquidation preference per share;

• the purchase price;

• the dividend rate, period and payment date and method of calculation for dividends;

• whether dividends will be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends will accumulate;

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• the procedures for any auction and remarketing, if any;

• the provisions for a sinking fund, if any;

• the provisions for redemption or repurchase, if applicable, and any restrictions on our ability to exercise those redemption and repurchase rights;

• any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange or market;

• whether the preferred stock will be convertible into our common stock, and, if applicable, the conversion price, or how it will be calculated, and the conversion period;

• whether the preferred stock will be exchangeable into debt securities, and, if applicable, the exchange price, or how it will be calculated, and the exchange period;

• voting rights, if any, of the preferred stock;

• preemption rights, if any;

• restrictions on transfer, sale or other assignment, if any;

• whether interests in the preferred stock will be represented by depositary shares;

• a discussion of any material or special United States federal income tax considerations applicable to the preferred stock;

• the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs;

• any limitations on issuance of any class or series of preferred stock ranking senior to or on a parity with the series of preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs; and

• any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the preferred stock.

The DGCL provides that the holders of preferred stock will have the right to vote separately as a class on any proposal involving fundamental changes in the rights of holders of that preferred stock. This right is in addition to any voting rights that may be provided for in the applicable certificate of designation.

The issuance of preferred stock could adversely affect the voting power, conversion or other rights of holders of common stock. Preferred stock could be issued quickly with terms calculated to delay or prevent a change in control of our company or make removal of management more difficult. Additionally, the issuance of preferred stock may have the effect of decreasing the market price of our common stock.

Anti-Takeover Effects of Provisions of Delaware Law and Our Charter Documents

Certificate of Incorporation

Stockholders have no cumulative voting rights.

The lack of cumulative voting will make it more difficult for our existing stockholders to replace our board of directors as well as for another party to obtain control of us by replacing our board of directors. Since our board of directors has the power to retain and discharge our officers, these provisions could also make it more difficult for existing stockholders or another party to effect a change in management.

The Company’s certificate of incorporation also provides that certain business combinations may, under certain circumstances, require approval of a super-majority stockholder vote of at least eighty percent (80%) of the voting power of the then-outstanding shares of our common stock, and requires a super-majority stockholder vote of at least eighty percent (80%) of the voting power of the then-outstanding shares of our common stock for

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the amendment to certain significant provisions of the Company’s certificate of incorporation, in each case after giving effect to the Provident Limit. In addition, the Company’s certificate of incorporation provides that the Company board of directors will consider non-financial factors that it deems relevant when evaluating a business combination. For a complete description, you should refer to the Company’s certificate of incorporation and Company’s bylaws.

These and other provisions may have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers or delaying changes in control or management. These provisions are intended to enhance the likelihood of continued stability in the composition of our board of directors and in the policies of our board of directors and to discourage certain types of transactions that may involve an actual or threatened change in control. These provisions are designed to reduce our vulnerability to an unsolicited acquisition proposal. The provisions also are intended to discourage certain tactics that may be used in proxy rights. However, such provisions could have the effect of discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares and, as a consequence, such provisions also may inhibit fluctuations in the market price of our shares that could result from actual or rumored takeover attempts. Such provisions also may have the effect of preventing changes in our management.

Section 203 of the DGCL

We are subject to Section 203 of the DGCL, which, subject to certain exceptions, prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with any “interested stockholder” for a period of three years following the time that such stockholder became an “interested stockholder,” unless:

• prior to such time, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested holder;

• upon consummation of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding those shares owned (a) by persons who are directors and also officers and (b) by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

• at or subsequent to such time, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 ²⁄₃ % of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested stockholder.

In general, Section 203 of the DGCL defines “business combination” to include the following:

• any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;

• any sale, transfer, pledge or other disposition of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation involving the interested stockholder;

• subject to certain exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder;

• any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock or any class or series of the corporation beneficially owned by the interested stockholder; or

• the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or through the corporation.

In general, Section 203 of the DGCL defines “interested stockholder” as an entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation and any entity or person affiliated with or controlling or controlled by such entity or person.

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Certain Transactions

Our bylaws provide that we will indemnify our directors and executive officers to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL and any other applicable law. We are also empowered under our bylaws to indemnify other officers, employees and other agents as set forth in the DGCL or any other applicable law and to enter into indemnification contracts with our directors and executive officers and to purchase insurance on behalf of any person whom we are required or permitted to indemnify.

In addition, our certificate of incorporation provides that the liability of our directors for monetary damages will be eliminated to the fullest extent permissible under Delaware law. Pursuant to Delaware law, our directors will not be liable for monetary damages for breach of the directors’ fiduciary duty of care to us and our stockholders. However, this provision does not eliminate the duty of care, and in appropriate circumstances, equitable remedies such as injunctive or other forms of non-monetary relief that will remain available under Delaware law. In addition, each director will continue to be subject to liability for (1) breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to us or our stockholders, (2) acts or omissions not in good faith or that involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (3) violating Section 174 of the DGCL, or (4) any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. The provision also does not affect a director’s responsibilities under any other law, such as the federal securities laws or state or federal environmental laws.

Bank Holding Company Act

The Bank Holding Company Act generally would prohibit any company that, together with its affiliates, is not solely engaged in activities that are permissible for a bank holding company or a financial holding company from acquiring control of us. For these purposes, “control” is generally defined as ownership, control or the ability to vote 25% or more of any class of voting stock of, control of the election of a majority of the directors of or other exercise of a controlling influence over a bank holding company. In addition, any existing bank holding company would need the prior approval of the Federal Reserve before acquiring 5% or more of our voting stock. The Change in Bank Control Act of 1978, as amended, prohibits a person or group of persons from acquiring control of a bank holding company unless the Federal Reserve has been notified and has not objected to the transaction. Under a rebuttable presumption established by regulations of the Federal Reserve, the acquisition of 10% or more of a class of voting stock of a bank holding company with a class of securities registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act, such as us, is presumed to constitute acquisition of control of the bank holding company for purposes of the Change in Bank Control Act of 1978.

Benefit Plans

In addition to the provisions of the Company’s certificate of incorporation and bylaws described above, benefit plans of the Company that may authorize the issuance of equity to its board of directors, officers and employees may contain provisions that also may discourage hostile takeover attempts that the board of directors of the Company might conclude are not in the best interests of the Company or its stockholders.

DESCRIPTION OF DEPOSITARY SHARES

The depositary shares will be issued under deposit agreements to be entered into between us and a bank or trust company, as depositary, all to be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to any or all depositary shares in respect of which this prospectus is being delivered. We will file a copy of the deposit agreement and the depositary receipt with the SEC each time we issue a series of depositary shares, and these depositary receipts and deposit agreements will be incorporated by reference into the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

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General

If we elect to offer fractional interests in shares of preferred stock, we will provide for the issuance by a depositary to the public of receipts for depositary shares. Each depositary share will represent fractional interests of preferred stock. We will deposit the shares of preferred stock underlying the depositary shares under a deposit agreement between us and a bank or trust company selected by us. The bank or trust company must have its principal office in the United States and a combined capital and surplus of at least $50 million. The depositary receipts will evidence the depositary shares issued under the deposit agreement.

The deposit agreement will contain terms applicable to the holders of depositary shares in addition to the terms stated in the depositary receipts. Each owner of depositary shares will be entitled to all the rights and preferences of the preferred stock underlying the depositary shares in proportion to the applicable fractional interest in the underlying shares of preferred stock. The depositary will issue the depositary receipts to individuals purchasing the fractional interests in shares of the related preferred stock according to the terms of the offering described in a prospectus supplement.

Dividends and Other Distributions

The depositary will distribute all cash dividends or other cash distributions received for the preferred stock to the entitled record holders of depositary shares in proportion to the number of depositary shares that the holder owns on the relevant record date. The depositary will distribute only an amount that can be distributed without attributing to any holder of depositary shares a fraction of one cent. The depositary will add the undistributed balance to and treat it as part of the next sum received by the depositary for distribution to holders of depositary shares.

If there is a non-cash distribution, the depositary will distribute property received by it to the entitled record holders of depositary shares, in proportion, insofar as possible, to the number of depositary shares owned by the holders, unless the depositary determines, after consultation with us, that it is not feasible to make such distribution. If this occurs, the depositary may, with our approval, sell such property and distribute the net proceeds from the sale to the holders. The deposit agreement also will contain provisions relating to how any subscription or similar rights that we may offer to holders of the preferred stock will be available to the holders of the depositary shares.

Conversion, Exchange and Redemption

If any series of preferred stock underlying the depositary shares may be converted or exchanged, each record holder of depositary receipts will have the right or obligation to convert or exchange the depositary shares represented by the depositary receipts.

Whenever we redeem shares of preferred stock held by the depositary, the depositary will redeem, at the same time, the number of depositary shares representing the preferred stock. The depositary will redeem the depositary shares from the proceeds it receives from the corresponding redemption, in whole or in part, of the applicable series of preferred stock. The depositary will mail a notice of redemption to the record holders of the depositary shares that are to be redeemed between 30 and 60 days before the date fixed for redemption. The redemption price per depositary share will be equal to the applicable fraction of the redemption price per share on the applicable series of preferred stock. If less than all the depositary shares are to be redeemed, the depositary will select which shares to be redeemed by lot, proportionate allocation or another method.

After the date fixed for redemption, the depositary shares called for redemption will no longer be outstanding. When the depositary shares are no longer outstanding, all rights of the holders will end, except the right to receive money, securities or other property payable upon redemption.

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Voting

When the depositary receives notice of a meeting at which the holders of the preferred stock are entitled to vote, the depositary will mail the particulars of the meeting to the record holders of the depositary shares. Each record holder of depositary shares on the record date may instruct the depositary on how to vote the shares of preferred stock underlying the holder’s depositary shares. The depositary will try, if practical, to vote the number of shares of preferred stock underlying the depositary shares according to the instructions. The depositary will abstain from voting shares of the preferred stock to the extent it does not receive specific instructions from the holders of depositary shares representing such preferred stock. We will agree to take all reasonable action requested by the depositary to enable it to vote as instructed.

Record Date

Whenever (1) any cash dividend or other cash distribution will become payable, any distribution other than cash will be made, or any rights, preferences or privileges will be offered with respect to the preferred stock, or (2) the depositary receives notice of any meeting at which holders of preferred stock are entitled to vote or of which holders of preferred stock are entitled to notice, or of the mandatory conversion of or any election on our part to call for the redemption of any preferred stock, the depositary will in each such instance fix a record date (which will be the same as the record date for the preferred stock) for the determination of the holders of depositary receipts (x) who will be entitled to receive such dividend, distribution, rights, preferences or privileges or the net proceeds of the sale thereof or (y) who will be entitled to give instructions for the exercise of voting rights at any such meeting or to receive notice of such meeting or of such redemption or conversion, subject to the provisions of the deposit agreement.

Amendments

We and the depositary may agree to amend the deposit agreement and the depositary receipt evidencing the depositary shares. Any amendment that (1) imposes or increases certain fees, taxes or other charges payable by the holders of the depositary shares as described in the deposit agreement or (2) otherwise prejudices any substantial existing right of holders of depositary shares, will not take effect until 30 days after the depositary has mailed notice of the amendment to the record holders of depositary shares. Any holder of depositary shares that continues to hold its shares at the end of the 30-day period will be deemed to have agreed to the amendment.

Termination

We may direct the depositary to terminate the deposit agreement by mailing a notice of termination to holders of depositary shares at least 30 days before termination. In addition, a deposit agreement will automatically terminate if:

• the depositary has redeemed all related outstanding depositary shares, or

• we have liquidated, terminated or wound up our business and the depositary has distributed the preferred stock of the relevant series to the holders of the related depositary shares.

The depositary may likewise terminate the deposit agreement if at any time 60 days have expired after the depositary has delivered to us a written notice of its election to resign and a successor depositary has not been appointed and accepted its appointment. If any depositary receipts remain outstanding after the date of termination, the depositary thereafter will discontinue the transfer of depositary receipts, will suspend the distribution of dividends to the holders thereof, and will not give any further notices (other than notice of such termination) or perform any further acts under the deposit agreement except as provided below and except that the depositary will continue (1) to collect dividends on the preferred stock and any other distributions with respect thereto and (2) to deliver the preferred stock together with such dividends and distributions and the net proceeds of any sales of rights, preferences, privileges or other property, without liability for interest thereon, in

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exchange for depositary receipts surrendered. At any time after the expiration of two years from the date of termination, the depositary may sell the preferred stock then held by it at public or private sales, at such place or places and upon such terms as it deems proper and may thereafter hold the net proceeds of any such sale, together with any money and other property then held by it, without liability for interest thereon, for the pro rata benefit of the holders of depositary receipts that have not been surrendered.

Payment of Fees and Expenses

We will pay all fees, charges and expenses of the depositary, including the initial deposit of the preferred stock and any redemption of the preferred stock. Holders of depositary shares will pay transfer and other taxes and governmental charges and any other charges as are stated in the deposit agreement for their accounts.

Resignation and Removal of Depositary

At any time, the depositary may resign by delivering notice to us, and we may remove the depositary. Resignations or removals will take effect upon the appointment of a successor depositary and its acceptance of the appointment. The successor depositary must be appointed within 60 days after delivery of the notice of resignation or removal and must be a bank or trust company having its principal office in the United States and having a combined capital and surplus of at least $50 million.

Reports

The depositary will forward to the holders of depositary shares all reports and communications from us that are delivered to the depositary and that we are required by law, the rules of an applicable securities exchange or our certificate of incorporation to furnish to the holders of the preferred stock. Neither we nor the depositary will be liable if the depositary is prevented or delayed by law or any circumstances beyond its control in performing its obligations under the deposit agreement. The deposit agreement limits our obligations and the depositary’s obligations to performance in good faith of the duties stated in the deposit agreement. Neither we nor the depositary will be obligated to prosecute or defend any legal proceeding connected with any depositary shares or preferred stock unless the holders of depositary shares requesting us to do so furnish us with satisfactory indemnity. In performing our obligations, we and the depositary may rely upon the written advice of our counsel or accountants, on any information that competent people provide to us and on documents that we believe are genuine.

DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

We have summarized below general terms and conditions of the debt securities that we will offer and sell pursuant to this prospectus. When we offer to sell a particular series of debt securities, we will describe the specific terms and conditions of the series in a prospectus supplement to this prospectus. We will also indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement whether the general terms and conditions described in this prospectus apply to the series of debt securities. The terms and conditions of the debt securities of a series may be different in one or more respects from the terms and conditions described below. If so, those differences will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

We will issue the debt securities in one or more series under either a senior indenture or a subordinated indenture, in each case between us and a trustee as identified in the applicable prospectus supplement. The following description of provisions of the indentures does not purport to be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, the indentures, each of which has been filed with the SEC as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. A form of each debt security, any future supplemental indenture or similar document also will be so filed. You should read the indentures and any supplemental indenture or similar document because they, and not this description, define your rights as holder of our debt securities. All capitalized terms have the meanings specified in the indentures.

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For purposes of this section of this prospectus, references to “we,” “us” and “our” are to Provident Financial Services, Inc. and not to any of its subsidiaries.

General

We may issue, from time to time, debt securities, in one or more series, which will consist of either senior debt (“Senior Debt Securities”) or subordinated debt (“Subordinated Debt Securities”). Debt securities, whether senior or subordinated, may be issued as convertible debt securities or exchangeable debt securities.

Neither indenture limits the amount of debt securities that we may issue. We may, without the consent of the holders of the debt securities of any series, issue additional debt securities ranking equally with, and otherwise similar in all respects to, the debt securities of the series (except for any differences in the issue price and, if applicable, the initial interest accrual date and interest payment date) so that those additional debt securities will be consolidated and form a single series with the debt securities of the series previously offered and sold; provided that if the additional debt securities are not fungible with the debt securities of the series previously offered or sold for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the additional debt securities will have a separate CUSIP or other identifying number.

The indentures provide that we may issue debt securities up to the principal amount that we may authorize and may be in any currency or currency unit designated by us. Except for the limitations on consolidation, merger and sale of all or substantially all of our assets contained in the indentures, the terms of the indentures do not contain any covenants or other provisions designed to afford holders of any debt securities protection with respect to our operations, financial condition or transactions involving us.

We may issue the debt securities issued under the indentures as “discount securities,” which means they may be sold at a discount below their stated principal amount. These debt securities, as well as other debt securities that are not issued at a discount, may, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, be treated as if they were issued with “original issue discount,” because of interest payment and other characteristics. Special U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to debt securities issued with original issue discount will be described in more detail in any applicable prospectus supplement.

Provisions of the Indentures

The applicable prospectus supplement for a series of debt securities that we issue will describe, among other things, the following terms of the offered debt securities:

• the designation of the debt securities;

• the price(s), expressed as a percentage of the principal amount, at which we will sell the debt securities;

• any limit on the aggregate principal amount of the debt securities;

• the date(s) when principal payments are due on the debt securities;

• the interest rate(s) on the debt securities, which may be fixed or variable, per annum or otherwise, and the method used to determine the rate(s), the dates on which interest will begin to accrue and be payable, and any regular record date for the interest payable on any interest payment date;

• the currency or currencies of payment of principal or interest;

• the place(s) where principal of, premium and interest on the debt securities will be payable;

• provisions governing redemption of the debt securities, including any redemption or purchase requirements pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a holder of debt securities, and the redemption price and other detailed terms and provisions of such repurchase obligations;

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• the denominations in which the debt securities will be issued, if other than minimum denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple in excess thereof;

• whether the debt securities will be issued in the form of certificated debt securities or global debt securities;

• the portion of the principal of the debt securities payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity date, if other than the entire principal amount;

• any additional or modified events of default from those described in this prospectus or in the indenture and any change in the acceleration provisions described in this prospectus or in the indenture;

• any additional or modified covenants from those described in this prospectus or in the indenture with respect to the debt securities; and

• any depositaries, interest rate calculation agents, exchange rate calculation agents or other agents with respect to the debt securities.

The applicable prospectus supplement will set forth certain U.S. federal income tax considerations for holders of any debt securities and the securities exchange or quotation system on which any debt securities are listed or quoted, if any.

Debt securities issued by us will be structurally subordinated to all indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries, except to the extent any such subsidiary guarantees or is otherwise obligated to make payment on such debt securities.

Senior Debt Securities

Payment of the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest on, Senior Debt Securities will rank on a parity with all of our other unsecured and unsubordinated debt. Senior Debt Securities will be issued under the senior debt indenture.

Subordinated Debt Securities

Payment of the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest on, Subordinated Debt Securities will be subordinated and junior in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all of our unsubordinated debt. We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to any Subordinated Debt Securities the subordination terms of such securities as well as the aggregate amount of outstanding indebtedness, as of the most recent practicable date, that by its terms would be senior to the Subordinated Debt Securities. We will also set forth in such prospectus supplement limitations, if any, on the issuance of additional debt ranking senior to the Subordinated Debt Securities. Subordinated Debt Securities will be issued under the subordinated debt indenture.

Conversion or Exchange Rights

Debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for other securities or property of ours. The terms and conditions of conversion or exchange will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. The terms will include, among others, the following:

• the conversion or exchange price;

• the conversion or exchange period;

• provisions regarding our ability or the ability of the holder to convert or exchange the debt securities;

• events requiring adjustment to the conversion or exchange price; and

• provisions affecting conversion or exchange in the event of our redemption of the debt securities.

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Consolidation, Merger or Sale

The indentures provide that we may not consolidate with or merge with or into, or sell or convey all or substantially all of our assets to any person, firm or corporation, unless:

• we are the surviving corporation or the successor corporation (if not us) is a corporation organized and validly existing under the laws of any United States domestic jurisdiction and expressly assumes, by a supplemental indenture, our obligations on the debt securities and under such indenture;

• immediately after giving effect to such transaction, we, or the successor corporation, are not in default in the performance of any covenant or condition under the indenture; and

• we have complied with our obligations to deliver certain documentation to the applicable trustee, including an officers’ certificate and opinion of counsel each stating that such proposed transaction and any supplemental indenture comply with such indenture.

Events of Default

For any series of debt securities, in addition to any event of default described in the prospectus supplement applicable to that series, an event of default will include the following events:

• default in the payment when due of principal of any debt security of that series;

• default in the payment when due of any sinking or analogous fund payment in respect of any debt security of that series;

• default in the payment when due of any interest on any debt securities of that series, and continuance of such default for a period of 90 days (unless we deposit the entire amount of such payment with the trustee or with a paying agent prior to the expiration of a 30-day period);

• default in the performance or breach of any other covenant or agreement in the indenture that applies to such series, which default continues for a period of 90 days after we have received written notice of the failure to perform in the manner specified in the indenture;

• certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization involving us or our material subsidiaries; and

• any other event of default provided in the applicable resolution of our board of directors or the officers’ certificate or supplemental indenture under which we issue such series of debt securities.

An event of default for a particular series of debt securities does not necessarily constitute an event of default for any other series of debt securities issued under the indentures.

If an event of default with respect to any outstanding debt securities occurs and is continuing, then the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series may, by written notice to us (and to the trustee if given by the holders), accelerate the payment of the principal (or, if the debt securities of that series are discount securities, that portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) on all debt securities of that series. Following acceleration, payments on our subordinated debt securities, if any, will be subject to the subordination provisions described above under “Subordinated Debt Securities.” At any time after acceleration with respect to debt securities of any series, but before the trustee has obtained a court judgment or decree for payment of the amounts due, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series may rescind and annul the acceleration of all events of default. The prospectus supplement relating to any series of debt securities that are discount securities will contain particular provisions relating to acceleration of a portion of the principal amount of such discount securities upon the occurrence of an event of default.

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Obligations of the Trustee

The indentures provide that the trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any rights or powers under such indenture at the request of any holder of outstanding debt securities unless the trustee is indemnified against any costs, liability or expense.

Remedies

Subject to certain rights of the trustee, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee with respect to the debt securities of that series.

No holder of any debt security may institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to the indenture or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any remedy under the indenture, unless:

• such holder has previously given written notice to the trustee of a continuing event of default with respect to the debt securities of that series;

• the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series have made written request to the trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such event of default in its own name as trustee under the indenture;

• such holder or holders have offered to the trustee indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in complying with such request;

• the trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request, and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding; and

• no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the trustee during such 60-day period by the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the holder of any debt security will have an absolute and unconditional right to receive payment of the principal of, premium and any interest on that debt security on or after the due dates expressed in that debt security and to institute suit for the enforcement of payment.

Under the indentures, we must furnish the trustee a statement as to compliance with such indenture within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year (beginning with the fiscal year ending immediately following the execution of such indenture). The indentures provide that, other than with respect to payment defaults, the trustee may withhold notice to the holders of debt securities of any series of a default or event of default if it in good faith determines that withholding notice is in the interests of the holders of those debt securities.

Registered Global Securities

We may issue the debt securities of a series in whole or in part in the form of one or more fully registered global securities that we will deposit with a depositary or with a nominee for a depositary identified in the applicable prospectus supplement and registered in the name of such depositary or nominee. In such case, we will issue one or more registered global securities denominated in an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of all of the debt securities of the series to be issued and represented by such registered global security or securities.

Unless and until it is exchanged in whole or in part for debt securities in definitive registered form, a registered global security may not be transferred except as a whole:

• by the depositary for such registered global security to its nominee,

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• by a nominee of the depositary to the depositary or another nominee of the depositary, or

• by the depositary or its nominee to a successor of the depositary or a nominee of the successor.

The prospectus supplement relating to a series of debt securities will describe the specific terms of the depositary arrangement with respect to any portion of such series represented by a registered global security. We anticipate that the following provisions will apply to all depositary arrangements for debt securities:

• ownership of beneficial interests in a registered global security will be limited to persons that have accounts with the depositary for the registered global security, those persons being referred to as “participants,” or persons that may hold interests through participants;

• upon the issuance of a registered global security, the depositary for the registered global security will credit, on its book-entry registration and transfer system, the participants’ accounts with the respective principal amounts of the debt securities represented by the registered global security beneficially owned by the participants;

• any dealers, underwriters, or agents participating in the distribution of the debt securities will designate the accounts to be credited; and

• ownership of any beneficial interest in the registered global security will be shown on, and the transfer of any ownership interest will be effected only through, records maintained by the depositary for the registered global security (with respect to interests of participants) and on the records of participants (with respect to interests of persons holding through participants).

The laws of some states may require that certain purchasers of securities take physical delivery of the securities in definitive form. These laws may limit the ability of those persons to own, transfer or pledge beneficial interests in registered global securities.

So long as the depositary for a registered global security, or its nominee, is the registered owner of the registered global security, the depositary or the nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the debt securities represented by the registered global security for all purposes under the indenture.

Except as set forth below, owners of beneficial interests in a registered global security:

• will not be entitled to have the debt securities represented by a registered global security registered in their names;

• will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of the debt securities in the definitive form; and

• will not be considered the owners or holders of the debt securities under the indenture.

Accordingly, each person owning a beneficial interest in a registered global security must rely on the procedures of the depositary for the registered global security and, if the person is not a participant, on the procedures of a participant through which the person owns its interest, to exercise any rights of a holder under the indenture.

We understand that under existing industry practices, if we request any action of holders or if an owner of a beneficial interest in a registered global security desires to give or take any action that a holder is entitled to give or take under the indenture, the depositary for the registered global security would authorize the participants holding the relevant beneficial interests to give or take the action, and those participants would authorize beneficial owners owning through those participants to give or take the action or would otherwise act upon the instructions of beneficial owners holding through them.

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We will make payments of principal and premium, if any, and interest, if any, on debt securities represented by a registered global security registered in the name of a depositary or its nominee to the depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered owners of the registered global security. None of us, the trustee or any other agent of us or the trustee will be responsible or liable for any aspect of the records relating to, or payments made on account of, beneficial ownership interests in the registered global security or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to the beneficial ownership interests.

We expect that the depositary for any debt securities represented by a registered global security, upon receipt of any payments of principal and premium, if any, and interest, if any, in respect of the registered global security, will immediately credit participants’ accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in the registered global security as shown on the records of the depositary. We also expect that standing customer instructions and customary practices will govern payments by participants to owners of beneficial interests in the registered global security held through the participants, as is now the case with the securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in “street name.” We also expect that any of these payments will be the responsibility of the participants.

If the depositary for any debt securities represented by a registered global security is at any time unwilling or unable to continue as depositary or ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, we will appoint an eligible successor depositary. If we fail to appoint an eligible successor depositary, we will issue the debt securities in definitive form in exchange for the registered global security. In addition, we may at any time and in our sole discretion decide not to have any of the debt securities of a series represented by one or more registered global securities. In such event, we will issue debt securities of that series in a definitive form in exchange for all of the registered global securities representing the debt securities. The trustee will register any debt securities issued in definitive form in exchange for a registered global security in such name or names as the depositary, based upon instructions from its participants, instructed to the trustee.

Defeasance of Debt Securities and Certain Covenants in Certain Circumstances

Legal Defeasance

We may deposit with the trustee, in trust, cash or U.S. government securities in an amount that, through the payment of interest and principal in accordance with their terms, will provide, not later than one day before the due date of any payment of money, an amount in cash that is sufficient to make all payments of principal and interest on, and any mandatory sinking fund payments in respect of, the debt securities of that series on the due dates for such payments in accordance with the terms of the indenture and those debt securities. If we make such a deposit, unless otherwise provided under the applicable series of debt securities, we will be discharged from any and all obligations in respect of the debt securities of such series (except for obligations relating to the transfer or exchange of debt securities and the replacement of stolen, lost or mutilated debt securities and relating to maintaining paying agencies and the treatment of funds held by paying agents and certain rights of the trustee and our obligations with respect thereto). However, this discharge may occur only if, among other things, we have delivered to the trustee a legal opinion stating that we have received from, or there has been published by, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service a ruling or, since the date of execution of the indenture, there has been a change in the applicable U.S. federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and, based thereon confirming that, the holders of the debt securities of that series will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of such defeasance and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amounts and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such defeasance had not occurred.

Defeasance of Certain Covenants

Under the indentures (and unless otherwise provided by the terms of the applicable series of debt securities), upon making the deposit and delivering the legal opinion described in “Legal Defeasance” above, we will not

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need to comply with certain covenants set forth in the indentures, as well as any additional covenants that may be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, and any such noncompliance will not constitute a default or an event of default with respect to the debt securities of that series, or covenant defeasance.

Covenant Defeasance and Events of Default

If we exercise our option to effect covenant defeasance with respect to any series of debt securities and the debt securities of that series are declared due and payable because of the occurrence of any event of default, the amounts on deposit with the trustee will be sufficient to pay amounts due on the debt securities of that series at the time of their stated maturity but may not be sufficient to pay amounts due on the debt securities of that series at the time of the acceleration resulting from the event of default. We will remain liable for those payments.

Satisfaction and Discharge

We may discharge our obligations under either indenture and the debt securities of a series (except for certain surviving rights of the trustee and our obligations in connection therewith) if: (a) all outstanding debt securities of that series and all other outstanding debt securities issued under such indenture (i) have been delivered for cancellation, or (ii) (1) have become due and payable, (2) will become due and payable at their stated maturity within one year or (3) are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the trustee for the giving of notice and redemption by the trustee (and in the case of clauses (1), (2) and (3), we have deposited with the trustee an amount sufficient to pay and discharge the principal of (and premium, if any), and interest on all outstanding debt securities and any other sums due on the stated maturity date or redemption date, as the case may be); (b) we have paid all other sums payable by us under such indenture; and (c) we have delivered an officers’ certificate and opinion of counsel confirming compliance with all conditions precedent relating to the satisfaction and discharge of the indenture.

Amendments to the Indentures

Each indenture provides that we and the trustee may enter into supplemental indentures without the consent of the holders of debt securities:

• to evidence the succession of a corporation to the Company, or successive successors, as obligor under the indenture and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants, agreements and obligations of the Company in the indenture and in the debt securities;

• to add to the covenants of the Company such further covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions as its board of directors consider to be for the protection of the holders of the debt securities and to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and continuance, of a default in any of such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions an event of default permitting the enforcement of all or any of the several remedies provided in the indenture, with such period of grace, if any, and subject to such conditions as such supplemental indenture may provide;

• to establish any series of debt securities and the form or terms of the debt securities of a series, including, without limitation, subordination provisions and any conversion or exchange provisions applicable to the debt securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for other securities or property and any deletions from or additions or changes to the indenture in connection therewith;

• to add any additional events of default with respect to all or any series of debt securities;

• to supplement any of the provisions of the indenture to such extent as will be necessary to permit or facilitate the defeasance, covenant defeasance and/or satisfaction and discharge of any series of outstanding debt securities, provided that any such action will not adversely affect the interests of any holder of an outstanding debt security of such series or any other security in any material respect;

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• to add or change any of the provisions of the indenture to such extent as is necessary to permit or facilitate the issuance of debt securities, registrable or not registrable as to principal;

• to add or change provisions with respect to conversion or exchange rights of holders of debt securities of any series;

• in the case of any series of debt securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for commodities or for the securities of the Company, to safeguard or provide for the conversion or exchange rights, as the case may be, of such debt securities in the event of any reclassification or change of outstanding securities or any merger, consolidation, statutory share exchange or combination of the Company with or into another person or any sale, lease, assignment, transfer, disposition or other conveyance of all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company to any other person or other similar transactions, if expressly required by the terms of such series of debt securities;

• to add to, delete from or revise the conditions, limitations or restrictions on issue, authentication and delivery of debt securities of any series;

• to modify, eliminate or add to the provisions of the indenture to such extent as is necessary to effect the qualification of the indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, or under any similar federal statute hereafter enacted, and to add to the indenture such other provisions as may be expressly permitted by the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, excluding certain provisions thereof;

• to modify, eliminate or add to the provisions of the indenture, if the change or elimination (i) becomes effective only when there are no debt securities outstanding of any series created prior to execution of such supplemental indenture that is entitled to the benefit of such provision or (ii) will not apply to the any debt securities outstanding at the time of such change or elimination;

• to conform the indenture or the debt securities to the description thereof in the related prospectus, offering memorandum or disclosure document (as provided in an officers’ certificate delivered to the trustee);

• to cure any ambiguity or to correct or supplement any provision in the indenture or in any supplemental indenture that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision contained in the indenture or supplemental indenture;

• to add guarantees with respect to, or to secure, any series of debt security;

• to evidence and provide for the acceptance and appointment by a successor trustee or facilitate the administration of the trust under the indenture by more than one trustee; or

• to make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any holder of debt securities of any series issued under the indenture.

Each indenture also provides that we and the trustee may, with the consent of the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of all series of Senior Debt Securities or Subordinated Debt Securities, as the case may be, then outstanding and affected thereby (voting as one class), add any provisions to, or change in any manner, eliminate in any way the provisions of, the indenture or supplemental indenture or modify in any manner the rights of the holders of the debt securities. We and the trustee may not, however, without the consent of the holder of each outstanding debt security affected thereby:

• extend the fixed maturities of any outstanding debt securities or reduce the principal amount or premium, if any, or reduce the rate or extend the time of payment of interest;

• reduce the percentage in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities, the consent of whose holders is required to amend or supplement the indenture or any supplemental indenture;

• modify the subordination provisions in a manner adverse to the holders of such debt securities; or

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• make any change to provisions of the indenture to remove any of the limitations in this paragraph upon us or the trustee.

Concerning the Trustee

The indentures limit the right of the trustee, should it become a creditor of ours, to obtain payment of claims or secure its claims. The trustee is permitted to engage in certain other transactions. However, if the trustee acquires any conflicting interest, and there is a default under the debt securities of any series for which it is trustee, the trustee must eliminate the conflict or resign.

No Individual Liability of Directors, Officers, Employees or Stockholders

The indentures provide that none of our directors, officers, employees or stockholders will have any liability for any of our obligations under the debt securities or the indentures or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their creation. Each holder of debt securities by accepting a debt security waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release will be part of the consideration for the issue of the debt securities.

Governing Law

The indentures and the debt securities will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.

DESCRIPTION OF PURCHASE CONTRACTS

We may issue purchase contracts, including contracts obligating holders to purchase from, or to sell to, us, and obligating us to sell to, or to purchase from, the holders, a specified number of shares of our common stock, preferred stock or depositary shares at a future date or dates. The price per share of common stock, preferred stock or depositary shares and the number of shares of each may be fixed at the time the purchase contracts are issued or may be determined by reference to a specific formula set forth in the purchase contracts. The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of the purchase contracts, including, if applicable, collateral or depositary arrangements.

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DESCRIPTION OF UNITS

We may sell any combination of one or more of the other securities described in this prospectus, together as units. In a prospectus supplement, we will describe the particular combination of securities constituting any units and any other specific terms of the units.

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We may sell common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares, debt securities, purchase contracts or units in one or more of the following ways from time to time:

• to or through underwriters or dealers;

• directly to one or more purchasers;

• in “at the market” offerings, within the meaning of Rule 415(a)(4) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), to or through a market maker or into an existing trading market on an exchange or otherwise;

• through agents; or

• through a combination of any of these methods of sale.

The prospectus supplements relating to an offering of offered securities will set forth the terms of such offering, including:

• the name or names of any underwriters, dealers or agents;

• the purchase price of the offered securities and the proceeds to us from the sale;

• any underwriting discounts and commissions or agency fees and other items constituting underwriters’ or agents’ compensation; and

• any initial public offering price, any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers and any securities exchanges on which such offered securities may be listed.

Any initial public offering prices, discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers may be changed from time to time.

If underwriters are used in the sale, the underwriters will acquire the offered securities for their own account and may resell them from time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale. The offered securities may be offered either to the public through underwriting syndicates represented by one or more managing underwriters or by one or more underwriters without a syndicate. Unless otherwise set forth in a prospectus supplement, the obligations of the underwriters to purchase any series of securities will be subject to certain conditions precedent, and the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of such series of securities if any are purchased.

In connection with underwritten offerings of the offered securities and in accordance with applicable law and industry practice, underwriters may over-allot or effect transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the market price of the offered securities at levels above those that might otherwise prevail in the open market, including by entering stabilizing bids, effecting syndicate covering transactions or imposing penalty bids, each of which is described below.

• A stabilizing bid means the placing of any bid, or the effecting of any purchase, for the purpose of pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of a security.

• A syndicate covering transaction means the placing of any bid on behalf of the underwriting syndicate or the effecting of any purchase to reduce a short position created in connection with the offering.

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• A penalty bid means an arrangement that permits the managing underwriter to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member in connection with the offering when offered securities originally sold by the syndicate member are purchased in syndicate covering transactions.

These transactions may be effected on the New York Stock Exchange or otherwise. Underwriters are not required to engage in any of these activities, or to continue such activities if commenced.

If a dealer is used in the sale, we will sell such offered securities to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell the offered securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by that dealer at the time for resale. The names of the dealers and the terms of the transaction will be set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to that transaction.

Offered securities may be sold directly by us to one or more institutional purchasers, or through agents designated by us from time to time, at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed, or at varying prices determined at the time of sale. Any agent involved in the offer or sale of the offered securities in respect of which this prospectus is delivered will be named, and any commissions payable by us to such agent will be set forth, in the prospectus supplement relating to that offering. Unless otherwise indicated in such prospectus supplement, any such agent will be acting on a best-efforts basis for the period of its appointment.

To the extent that we make sales to or through one or more underwriters or agents in at-the-market offerings, we will do so pursuant to the terms of a distribution agreement between us and the underwriters or agents. If we engage in at-the-market sales pursuant to a distribution agreement, we will issue and sell shares of our common stock to or through one or more underwriters or agents, which may act on an agency basis or on a principal basis. During the term of any such agreement, we may sell shares on a daily basis in exchange transactions or otherwise as we agree with the underwriters or agents. The distribution agreement will provide that any shares of our common stock sold will be sold at prices related to the then prevailing market prices for our common stock. Therefore, exact figures regarding proceeds that will be raised or commissions to be paid cannot be determined at this time and will be described in a prospectus supplement. Pursuant to the terms of the distribution agreement, we also may agree to sell, and the relevant underwriters or agents may agree to solicit offers to purchase, blocks of our common stock or other securities. The terms of each such distribution agreement will be set forth in more detail in a prospectus supplement to this prospectus. If any underwriter or agent acts as principal, or broker dealer acts as underwriter, it may engage in certain transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of our securities. We will describe any such activities in the prospectus supplement relating to the transaction.

Underwriters, dealers and agents may be entitled under agreements entered into with us to indemnification by us against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribution with respect to payments that the underwriters, dealers or agents may be required to make in respect thereof. Underwriters, dealers and agents may be customers of, engage in transactions with, or perform services for us and our affiliates in the ordinary course of business.

Other than our common stock, which is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, each of the securities issued hereunder will be a new issue of securities, will have no prior trading market, and may or may not be listed on a national securities exchange. Any common stock sold pursuant to a prospectus supplement will be listed on the New York Stock Exchange, subject to official notice of issuance. Any underwriters to whom we sell securities for public offering and sale may make a market in the securities, but such underwriters will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. We cannot assure you that there will be a market for the offered securities.

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LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the securities that may be offered will be passed upon for us by Luse Gorman, PC, Washington, D.C. Any underwriters will also be advised about the validity of the securities and other legal matters by their own counsel, which will be named in the applicable prospectus supplement.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of Provident Financial Services, Inc. as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2022, and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, have been incorporated by reference herein in reliance upon the reports of KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, incorporated by reference herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

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$225,000,000

9.00% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due 2034

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

Joint Active Bookrunning Managers

Piper Sandler Keefe, Bruyette & Woods     A Stifel Company

May 9, 2024