-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, PL0TdMKD36VWl0jES521x1qbexnLsBrvE7UPb0uN5YQvi9cohI4z01UtCoxNtqky I0MgqJDNNm09aklznRNzrg== 0001137091-08-000369.txt : 20080716 0001137091-08-000369.hdr.sgml : 20080716 20080715215217 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001137091-08-000369 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 20-F PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 3 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20071231 FILED AS OF DATE: 20080716 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20080715 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: LINGO MEDIA CORP CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001177167 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: BOOKS: PUBLISHING OR PUBLISHING AND PRINTING [2731] IRS NUMBER: 000000000 STATE OF INCORPORATION: A6 FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 20-F SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-98397 FILM NUMBER: 08954051 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 151 BLOOR STREET WEST STREET 2: SUITE 703 CITY: TORONTO STATE: A6 ZIP: M5S1S4 BUSINESS PHONE: 4169277000 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 151 BLOOR STREET WEST STREET 2: SUITE 703 CITY: TORONTO STATE: A6 ZIP: M5S1S4 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: LINGO MEDIA INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 20020708 20-F 1 lingo_20f-123107.htm ANNUAL REPORT lingo_20f-123107.htm


UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.  20549
 

Annual Report
FORM 20-F

 
o  REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
OR
 
x  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
OR
 
o  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
               For the transition period from __________ to ________
 
Commission file number _______
 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
(FORMERLY LINGO MEDIA INC.)
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Ontario, Canada
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

151 Bloor Street West, #703, Toronto, Ontario, Canada  M5S 1S4
(Address of principal executive offices)

Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
None

Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Shares, without par value
(Title of Class)

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:  None

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer's classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report.  9,587,024

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 12 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past ninety days.  Yes x  No o

Indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow:  Item 17 x   Item 18 o
 
1

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
FORM 20-F ANNUAL REPORT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
PART I
 
     
Item 1.
Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisors
3
Item 2.
Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable
3
Item 3.
Key Information
3
Item 4.
Information on the Company
18
Item 5.
Operating and Financial Review and Reports
32
Item 6.
Directors, Senior Management and Employees
50
Item 7.
Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions
59
Item 8.
Financial Information
61
Item 9.
The Offer and Listing
62
Item 10
Additional Information
66
Item 11.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
79
Item 12.
Description of Securities Other Than Equity Securities
79
     
 
PART II
 
   
 
Item 13.
Default, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies...
79
Item 14.
Material Modifications to the Rights of  Security Holders and Use of Proceeds
79
Item 15.
Controls and Procedures
80
Item 16.
Reserved
80
   
 
 
PART III
 
     
Item 17.
Financial Statements
81
Item 18.
Financial Statements
81
Item 19.
Exhibits
82

 
2

 
 
Forward-Looking Statements

Included in this annual report are various forward-looking statements that can be identified by the use of forward looking terminology such as "may", "will", "expect", "anticipate", "estimate", "continue", "believe", or other similar words.  We have made forward-looking statements with respect to the following, among others:

-
the Company’s goals and strategies;
-
the Company’s ability to obtain licenses/permits to operate in China and Canada;
-
the importance and expected growth of English language learning in China;
-
the importance and expected growth of early childhood development in Canada;
-
the Company’s revenues;
-
the Company’s potential profitability; and
-
the Company’s need for external capital.

These statements are forward-looking and reflect our current expectations.  They are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including but not limited to, changes in the economic and political environment in China.  In light of the many risks and uncertainties surrounding China and the early childhood market in Canada prospective purchasers of our shares should keep in mind that we cannot guarantee that the forward-looking statements described in this annual report will transpire.

PART I

ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORS

Not applicable


Not applicable.

ITEM 3.  KEY INFORMATION

3.A.2.  Selected Financial Data

Our financial statements are reported in Canadian Dollars and presented in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles and reconciled to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles in the footnotes, for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003. These financial reports have been audited by Mintz & Partners LLP with the exception of December 31, 2007 which was audited by Meyers, Norris, Penny LLP.
 
The selected financial data should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and other financial information included elsewhere in the Annual Report.
 
Lingo Media Corporation (the “Company” or “Lingo Media”) has not declared any dividends since incorporation and does not anticipate that it will do so in the foreseeable future.  The present policy of the Company is to retain any future earnings for use in its operations and the expansion of its business.
 
Please note that the US GAAP reconciliation numbers in the following table are selected from note 20 of the December 31, 2007 financial statements and note 10 of the interim financial statements as of March 31, 2008.
 
3


Please note that the US GAAP reconciliation numbers in the following table are selected from the note 20 of the December 31, 2007 financial statements and note 10 of the interim financial statements as of March 31, 2008.

Table No. 3
Selected Financial Data
Expressed in Canadian Dollars
(CDN$ in 000's, except per share data)
 
    Unaudited    
Audited
 
    Three Months     Year     Year     Year     Year     Year  
    Ended     Ended     Ended     Ended     Ended     Ended     Ended  
    03/31/08     3/31/07     12/31/07     12/31/06     12/31/05     12/31/04     12/31/03  
                                           
Revenue   $ 672     $ 667     $ 4,004     $ 1,574     $ 906     $ 590     $ 1,018  
Gross Profit      537       528       3246       1255       783       495       846  
Net Loss     (454 )     (310 )     (925     (748     (726     (795 )      (257 )
                                                         
(Loss) per Share     $ (0.05 )   $ (0.07 )     $ (0.16   $ (0.18 )   $ (0.21   $ (0.28 )   $ (0.07 )
Dividends per Share   $ 0.00     $ 0.00     $ 0.00     $ 0.00     $ 0.00     $ 0.00     $ 0.00  
Weighted Avg. Shares      9,584       4,227       5,656       4,060       3,530       3,232       2,675  
Period-end Shares outstanding     9,587       4,661       9,582       4,654       4,125       3,444       3,364  
                                                         
Working Capital    $ (377 )   $ (401 )   $ (348 )   $ (347 )   $ 278     $ 271     $ 646  
Long-Term Debt/Loans Payable     203       395       203       348       -       -       106  
Shareholders’ Equity      5,476       1,089       5,886       1,376       1,088       938       1,620  
Total Assets     7,662       2,834       7,888       2,884       1,417       1,798       1,931  
                                                         
US GAAP income (Loss)    $ (731 )   $ (293   $ (1,278 )   $ (710 )   $ (710 )   $ (427   $ (126 )
US GAAP Basic Loss per Share    $ (0.07   $ (0.06   $ (0.23 )   $ (0.15   $ (0.17 )   $ (0.12 )   $ (0.04 )
                                                         
US GAAP Equity    $ 4,156     $ 567     $ 4,941     $ 963     $ 625     $ 482     $ 764  
US GAAP Total Assets    $ 6,656     $ 2,713     $ 7,186     $ 2,763     $ 1,391     $ 1,212     $ 990  
 
(1)   Cumulative Net Loss since incorporation under US GAAP has been ($4,615,982).
(2)  a)
Under US GAAP, development costs of new businesses are expensed as incurred: 2007-$nil, 2006-$nil, 2005-$nil, and 2004-$nil.
  b)
Under US GAAP, development costs amortized under Canadian GAAP would be reversed to calculate Loss per Share:  2007 – $99,805, 2006 – $156,648, 2005 – $133,290 and 2004 – $346,124.
  c)
Under US GAAP, software development costs are expensed as incurred: 2007-$452,709, 2006-$nil; 2005-$nil; and 2004-$nil.
                                         
3.A.3.  Exchange Rates

In this Annual Report, unless otherwise specified, all dollar amounts are expressed in Canadian Dollars ($).  The Government of Canada permits a floating exchange rate to determine the value of the Canadian Dollar against the U.S. Dollar (US$).
 
4


The table sets forth the rate of exchange for the Canadian Dollar at the end of the five most recent fiscal periods ended December 31st, the average rates for the period and the range of high and low rates for the period.  The data for each month during the previous twelve months is also provided.

For purposes of this table, the rate of exchange means the noon buying rate in New York City for cable transfers in foreign currencies as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.  The table sets forth the number of Canadian Dollars required under that formula to buy one U.S. Dollar.  The average rate means the average of the exchange rates on the last day of each month during the period.

Table No. 4
U.S. Dollar/Canadian Dollar
 
   
Average
   
High
   
Low
   
Close
 
May 2008
    1.00       1.02       0.98       0.99  
April 2008
    1.01       1.03       1.00       1.01  
March 2008                                      
    1.00       1.03       0.97       1.02  
February 2008
    1.00       1.02       0.97       0.98  
January 2008
    1.01       1.04       0.98       1.00  
December 2007
    1.00       1.02       0.98       0.99  
November 2007
    0.96       1.00       0.91       1.00  
October 2007
    0.98       1.00       0.95       0.94  
September 2007
    1.03       1.06       0.99       0.99  
August 2007
    1.06       1.09       1.05       1.06  
July 2007
    1.05       1.07       1.03       1.07  
June 2007
    1.07       1.08       1.05       1.06  
 
                               
Fiscal Year Ended Dec. 31, 2007
    1.07       1.19       0.91       0.98  
Fiscal Year Ended Dec. 31, 2006
    1.13       1.16       1.11       1.12  
Fiscal Year Ended Dec. 31, 2005
    1.21       1.27       1.15       1.17  
Fiscal Year Ended Dec. 31, 2004
    1.30       1.39       1.17       1.21  
Fiscal Year Ended Dec. 31, 2003
    1.40       1.57       1.29       1.29  
 
3.B.  Capitalization and Indebtedness

Not applicable

3.D.  Risk Factors
 
The Company is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties.

Lingo Media is a diversified print and online education product and services corporation.  Speak2Me Inc. (“Speak2Me”), a  subsidiary acquired during the year ended December 31, 2007, is a new media company focused on interactive advertising in China through its Internet-based English Language Learning (“ELL”) portal. Our subsidiary, Lingo Learning Inc., is a print-based publisher of English Language Learning programs in China.  Our subsidiary, A+ Child Development (Canada) Ltd. (“A+”), specializes in early childhood cognitive development programs which publishes and distributes educational materials along with its proprietary curriculum through its Canadian offices located in Calgary, Edmonton, Vancouver and Toronto.
 
5


In October 2007 the Company completed the acquisition of Speak2Me Inc. ("Speak2Me"), an  Ontario corporation. Speak2Me is a new media company that has developed software combining speech recognition and animation technology for the teaching and practice of spoken English. The acquisition was completed by way of a share exchange agreement entered into between Lingo Media, Speak2Me and the shareholders of Speak2Me on the basis of a share exchange ratio of one post-consolidated common share of Lingo Media for each 3.975 common shares of Speak2Me. Under the terms of the acquisition, Lingo Media acquired all the issued and outstanding common shares of Speak2Me in exchange for 4,500,366 post-consolidated common shares of Lingo Media. Speak2Me is now a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lingo Media.

In 2006, through the acquisition of A+, Lingo Media extended its business to include the sale of early childhood development programs in Canada. A+ operates through its office in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. A+ is involved in the business of early childhood cognitive development, through the publishing, teaching and distribution of educational materials along with its proprietary curriculum developed by its advisory panel of psychologists.

Lingo Media operates three distinct reportable business segments as follows:
 
Online English Language Learning
 
The Company offers a groundbreaking online service using robust speech recognition technology acquired through its acquisition of Speak2Me Inc. in October 2007.  The service currently provides participants with more than 250-targeted, interactive English language modules with a virtual teacher. Recently launched in China, Speak2Me is a free, advertising-based portal and is available at www.speak2me.cn
 
English Language Learning Publishing
In China, Lingo Media continues to expand its business via its subsidiary Lingo Learning Inc. (“Lingo Learning”), a print-based publisher of English Language Learning programs in China since 2001. Lingo Learning has an established presence in China’s education market of 200 million students.  To date, it has published 197 million units from its library of more than 300 program titles in China.
 
Early Childhood Development
 
A+ Child Development (Canada) Ltd. (“A+”) publishes and distributes educational materials aimed at the early childhood market on a direct-to-consumer basis.  A+ has developed a proprietary curriculum for parents to use with their children based on the latest neuroscience research. To date, A+ has focused its marketing efforts only in Canada. Lingo Media holds a 70.33% controlling interest in A+.
 
The Company derives the majority of its revenue from doing business in Canada and China. If any of the following risks occur, our business, results of operations and financial condition would likely suffer.  In any such events, the market price of our common stock could decline and you may lose all or part of your investment in our shares of common stock.
 
6

 
Risks Associated With Business of Online English Language Learning

Early Stage of Development

The Company is at an early stage of development in its business. There can be no assurance that the Company's business will be profitable. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to generate sufficient activity to be profitable in the future and the Company's limited operating history makes an evaluation of its prospects difficult.

Competitive Markets

The Company operates in competitive and evolving markets locally, nationally and globally. These markets are subject to rapid technological change and changes in customer preferences and demand. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain market acceptance or compete for market share. The Company must be able to keep current with the rapidly changing technologies, to adapt its services to evolving industry standards and to improve the performance and reliability of its services. New technologies could enable competitive product offerings and adversely affect the Company and its failure to adapt to such changes could seriously harm its business.

Economic Conditions

Unfavourable economic and market conditions could increase the Company's financing costs, decrease net income, reduce demand for its products and services, limit access to capital markets and negatively impact any future credit facilities extended to the Company. Expenditures by advertisers tend to be cyclical, reflecting overall economic conditions as well as budgeting and buying patterns.

Need for Additional Financing

The business plan calls for revenue generation to begin in 2008, and the company will require additional funds for sales and marketing. Failure to obtain additional financing will result in significant delays in developing new products and markets. If the Company is unsuccessful in raising the additional financing called for in its Business Plan, the Company is confident it can continue operations with a series of smaller fund raisings, but would be forced to scale back its sales and expansion plans.

Dependence on Key Personnel

The Company will be dependent upon the personal efforts, performance and commitment of its senior officers, Michael Kraft, Jonathan Brody and Victor Wong, who are responsible for the future development of the Company's business. Shareholders and investors will be relying upon the business judgment, expertise and integrity of the Company's senior officers and directors. To the extent that the services of any senior officers or directors would be unavailable for any reason, a disruption to the operations of the Company could result, and other persons would be required to manage and operate the Company. The Company's future success will also depend in large part upon its ability to attract and retain highly skilled personnel. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in attracting and retaining such personnel.
 
7


Acceptance of Corporate Advertising in an Educational Context

The Company’s market research indicates that potential advertisers and its target demographic is receptive to the placement of corporate advertising in the context of a website devoted to education. However, the Company is aware of the risk of political change in any country in which it is operating which may mean a Ministry of Education is no longer willing to accept corporate advertising within its student network.

Parents and Students are Unwilling to Pay for Online Services

Offline English Language Learning (ELL) instruction is a growing industry, but attempts to attract large numbers of paying students to subscription based ELL services have largely failed. Given that online consumption patterns in China are largely following trends already established in the West, and given that few industries and companies in the West have been able to establish thriving subscription-supported online services, a pure subscription model is unlikely to succeed in China.

Growth of Internet Advertising

The Company is aware that the level of Internet advertising is currently low, especially in Asia and Central and South American countries. The Company's forecast profitability is highly dependent on the assumption that Internet advertising will grow rapidly. The market for Internet advertising, content and services is intensely competitive and rapidly evolving. The Company expects that competition will continue to increase, including in its target market. It is not difficult to enter this market, and current and new competitors, including companies in traditional media, can launch Internet sites rapidly.

The Company Must Generate Online Advertising Revenue

The Company’s future success depends in part on its ability to establish, increase and sustain online advertising revenue. Therefore market and advertiser acceptance of  the Company's services will be important to the success of the Company’s business. The Company’s ability to generate advertising revenue will be directly affected by the number of users of its service. The Company’s ability to generate advertising revenue will also depend on several other factors, including the level and type of market penetration of the Company’s service, broadening its relationships with advertisers to small and medium size businesses, its user base being attractive to advertisers, its ability to derive better demographic and other information from users, competition for advertising funds from other media and changes in the advertising industry and economy generally. The Company’s expense levels are based in part on expectations of future revenue. The Company may be unable to adjust spending quickly enough to compensate for any unexpected revenue shortfall. The Company anticipates that some of its advertising customers will not allow the Company to place their advertisements next to other advertisements. The Company may not always be successful at accommodating these orders. In such situations, inability to fulfill competing orders might cause the Company to lose a potentially significant amount of revenue, particularly if the customer that cannot be accommodated chooses not to advertise with the Company at all.
 
8


Maintenance of Client Relationships

The ability of the Company to attract and maintain clients requires that it provide a competitive offering of products and services that meet the needs and expectations of its clients. The Company's ability to satisfy the needs or demands of its clients may be adversely affected by factors such as the inability or failure to identify changing client needs or expectations or the inability to adapt in a timely and cost-effective manner to innovative products and services offered by competitors. In addition, the Company must continue to attract and retain clients to compete successfully for advertising and subscription revenue. The Company cannot be sure that it will compete successfully with current or future competitors in sustaining or growing the Company’s web site traffic levels and subscriber levels. If the Company fails to attract and retain more clients, the Company’s market share, brand acceptance and revenue would decline, which would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

Create Content and Services Accepted by Users

The Company’s success is dependent upon its ability to deliver original and compelling content and services for its online English language instruction software that attract and retain users in its target market. The Company’s ability to successfully develop and produce content and services is subject to numerous uncertainties, including the ability to:

·  
Anticipate and successfully respond to rapidly changing consumer tastes and preferences;
·  
Fund new content development;
·  
Attract and retain qualified editors, writers, producers, and technical personnel;
·  
Build brand loyalty among users; and
·  
Build a sense of community among users and encourage use of the interactive features on Speak2Me’s website.

Failure of Speak2Me’s Delivery Infrastructure to Perform Consistently

The Company’s success as a business depends, in part, on its ability to provide consistently high quality online services to users via the Speak2Me delivery infrastructure. There is no guarantee that the Speak2Me delivery infrastructure and/or Speak2Me’s software will not experience problems or other performance issues. If the Speak2Me delivery infrastructure or software fails or suffers performance problems, then it would likely affect the quality and interrupt the continuation of Speak2Me’s service and significantly harm the Company’s business.

Speak2Me’s delivery infrastructure is susceptible to natural or man-made disasters such as earthquakes, floods, fires, power loss and sabotage, as well as interruptions from technology malfunctions, computer viruses and hacker attacks. Other potential service interruptions may result from unanticipated demands on network infrastructure, increased traffic or problems in customer service. Significant disruptions in the Speak2Me delivery infrastructure could harm Speak2Me’s goodwill and the Speak2Me brand and ultimately could significantly and negatively impact the amount of revenue it may earn from its service.  Like all Internet transmissions, Speak2Me’s services may be subject to interception and malicious attack. Pirates may be able to obtain or copy Speak2Me’s products without paying fees to Speak2Me. The Speak2Me delivery infrastructure is exposed to spam, viruses, worms, spyyware, denial of service or other attacks by hackers and other acts of malice. Speak2Me uses security measures intended to make theft of its software more difficult. However, if Speak2Me is required to upgrade or replace existing security technology, the cost of such security upgrades or replacements could have a material adverse effect on Speak2Me’s financial condition, profitability and cash flows.
 
9


Limited Intellectual Property Protection

The Company relies on a combination of copyright and trademark laws, trade secrets, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions to protect its proprietary rights. In addition, the Company’s success may depend, in part, on its ability to obtain patent protection and operate without infringing the rights of third parties. There can be no assurance that, once filed, the Company’s patent applications will be successful, that the Company will develop future proprietary products that are patentable, that any issued patents will provide the Company with any competitive advantages or will not be successfully challenged by any third parties or that the patents of others will not have an adverse effect on the ability of the Company to do business. In addition, there can be no assurance that others will not independently develop similar products, duplicate some or all of the Company’s products or, if patents are issued to the Company, design their products so as to circumvent the patent protection held by the Company. The Company will seek to protect its product documentation and other written materials under trade secret and copyright laws which afford only limited protection. Despite precautions taken by the Company, it may be possible for unauthorized third parties to copy aspects of Speak2Me’s business and marketing plans or future strategic documents or to obtain and use information that the Company regards as proprietary. There can be no assurance that the Company’s means of protecting its proprietary rights will be adequate or that the Company’s competitors will not independently develop similar or superior technology. Litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce the Company’s intellectual property rights, to protect the Company’s trade secrets or to determine the validity and scope of the propriety rights of others. Such litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources.

Government Regulation and Licensing

The operations of Speak2Me may be subject to Canadian and foreign federal and provincial regulations and licensing. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to comply with the regulations or secure and maintain the required licensing for its operations. Government regulation and licensing could seriously impact the Company's ability to achieve its financial and operational objectives. The Company is subject to federal, state, local and international laws affecting companies conducting business on the Internet, including user privacy laws, laws giving special protection to children, regulations prohibiting unfair and deceptive trade practices and laws addressing issues such as freedom of expression, pricing and access charges, quality of products and services, taxation, advertising, intellectual property rights and information security. The restrictions imposed by and the costs of complying with, current and possible future laws and regulations related to its business could limit the Company’s growth and reduce its client base and revenue.

Operating in Foreign Jurisdictions

The Company’s current and future development opportunities relate to geographical areas outside of Canada. There are a number of risks inherent in international business activities, including government policies concerning the import and export of goods and services, costs of localizing products and subcontractors in foreign countries, costs associated with the use of foreign agents, potentially adverse tax consequences, limits on repatriation of earnings, the burdens of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws, nationalization and possible social, labour, political and economic instability. There can be no assurance that such risks will not adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, a portion of the Company’s expenditures and revenues will be in currencies other than the Canadian dollar. the Company’s foreign exchange exposure may change over time with changes in the geographic mix of its business activities. Foreign currencies may be unfavourably impacted by global developments, country-specific events and many other factors. As a result, the Company’s future results may be adversely affected by significant foreign exchange fluctuations.
 
10


Risks associated with business of English Language Learning Publishing

Risk of Failing to Achieve Market Acceptance

Although the Company has contracts with People Education Press (“PEP”) in Beijing for English Language Learning materials, there can be no assurance that the State Ministry of Education in China will continue to accept the educational publications produced by the Company.

Limited Experience in China

The Company has limited experience in providing traditional educational publishing in China.  Although the Company has retained the services of Canadian, US, British and Chinese educators to assist the Company with these endeavors, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to attract and retain qualified personnel with relevant experience for the continued management and development of its business.

Political and Economic Policies of the Chinese Government

The growth of the Company’s business is dependent on government budgetary policy, particularly the allocation of funds to sustain the growth of the English language learning and training programs in China.  The Company’s customers in China, excluding Renzhen Group, are directly or indirectly owned or controlled by the Chinese government.  Accordingly, their business strategies, capital expenditure budgets and spending plans are largely decided in accordance with government policies, which, in turn, are determined on a centralized basis at the highest level by the State Planning Commission of China.  As a result, the growth of our business is heavily dependent on government policies for English language learning and training.  Despite the high priority currently accorded by the government to this area, and a high level of funding allocated by the government to this sector, insufficient government allocation of funds to sustain its growth in the future could reduce the demand for our products and services and have a material adverse effect on our ability to grow our business.
 
Since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) in 1949, the Communist Party has been the governing political party in China.  The highest bodies of leadership are the Politburo of the Communist Party, the Central Committee and the National People's Congress.  The State Council, which is the highest institution of government administration, reports to the National People's Congress and has under its supervision various commissions, agencies and ministries, including Ministry of Commerce of the PRC “MOFCOM”.  Since the late 1970s, the Chinese government has been reforming the Chinese economic system.  Reforms have included decollectivization of farms; legalization of interregional and international trade by individuals and businesses; legalization of markets in most goods and services; elimination of price controls; and privatization of some state-owned productive assets.  Reforms began in the farming sector and rural industry, and were later implemented in various service industries.  In the last five years, China has also begun dismantling large state monopolies in heavy industry. Although the Company believes that economic reform and the macroeconomic measures adopted by the Chinese government have had and will continue to have a positive effect on the economic development in China, there can be no assurance that the economic reform strategy will not from time to time be modified or revised.  Such modifications or revisions, if any, could have a material adverse effect on the overall economic growth of China and investment in the English language learning and training sectors in China.  Such developments could reduce, perhaps significantly, the demand for our products and services.  There is no guarantee that the Chinese government will not impose other economic or regulatory controls that would have a material adverse effect on our business.  Furthermore, changes in political, economic and social conditions in China, adjustments in policies of the Chinese government or changes in laws and regulations could adversely affect our industry in general and our competitive position in particular.  Changes in government policies might include  increased restrictions on the nature of business activities that foreign-owned enterprises may perform or additional tax/fee/license requirements for foreign-owned enterprises; increased restrictions on the publishing industry, including restrictions on the nature of business activities that publishers may perform; additional tax/fee/license requirements; requirements to publish or not to publish certain content; and direct state supervision or control of publisher's activities; and more intensive approval requirements for educational materials.
 
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Highly Competitive Market

The educational publishing market in China is rapidly changing.   Competitors to the Company’s strategic co-publishing partners in the market mainly include provincial and municipal educational publishing companies such as Hebei Education Press and Shanghai Foreign Language Educational Press.  In addition, there are many large multinational educational publishing companies with substantial, existing publishing operations in Asian markets including China, that have significantly greater financial, technological, marketing and human resources who have entered the English language learning and training market in China, which could hurt the Company’s future prospects and erode its market share.

Most of our competitors have greater financial, technical and human resources than us, may be able to respond more quickly to new and emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements or devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of new products or services.  It is possible that competition in the form of new competitors or alliances, joint ventures or consolidation among existing competitors may decrease our market share.  Increased competition could result in fewer customer engagements, reduced gross margins and loss of market share, any one of which could materially and adversely affect our revenues and overall financial condition.

Economic Risks Associated with Doing Business in China

The Chinese economy has experienced uneven growth across geographic and economic sectors. The current economic situation may adversely affect our profitability over time as expenditures for English language training products may decrease due to the results of slowing domestic demand and deflation.  In addition, the Chinese government may implement changes in fiscal policy that could increase our costs of operating our business in China or slow demand for our products.  We cannot predict what effects changes in Chinese government policies may have on our business or results of operations.

Currency Exchange Risk
 
Our reporting currency is the Canadian Dollar.  However, substantially all revenues from China activities are denominated in United States Dollars.  In July 2005, the Chinese government announced that the Yuan would no longer be pegged to the United States Dollar, but would float against a basket of currencies. China's currency had been pegged at 8.28 against the United States Dollar for a decade, but the adjustment allowed it to float against a number of currencies including the US dollar, the Euro, the Japanese Yen, the South Korean Won, the UK Pound, the Thai Baht and the Russian Rouble.  Since that time, the Yuan has traded below the pegged rate.
 
If the Yuan were no longer pegged to the basket of currencies, rate fluctuations may have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial reporting. The Company’s accounts receivable from China will decline in value if the Yuan depreciates relative to the Canadian and United States Dollar.  Any such depreciation could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.  Very limited hedging transactions are available in China to reduce our exposure to exchange rate fluctuations.  To date, we have not entered into any hedging transactions in an effort to reduce our exposure to foreign currency exchange risk.  While we may decide to enter into hedging transactions in the future, the availability and effectiveness of these hedges may be limited and we may not be able to successfully hedge our exposure at all.  In addition, our currency exchange losses may be magnified by Chinese exchange control regulations that may restrict our and our Chinese partners’ ability to convert Renminbi into United States Dollars.
 
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Growth Management

As the Company endeavors to increase its sales and develop new lines of business, it will be subject to a number of risks associated with the management of such growth. These risks include increased responsibilities for existing personnel, the need to hire additional qualified personnel and, in general, higher levels of operating expenses.  In order to manage current operations and any future growth effectively, the Company will need to continue to implement and improve it’s operational, financial and management information systems and to hire, train, motivate, manage and retain qualified employees.  In particular, it will need to ensure that adequate mechanisms are in place to address potential growth from the largely untapped Chinese marketplace and to ensure that the Company has hired, trained and retained employees that are familiar with that marketplace.  There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to manage such growth effectively, that its management, personnel or systems will be adequate to support the Company’s operations or that the Company will be able to achieve the increased levels of revenue commensurate with the increased levels of operating expenses associated with this growth. In the event the Company is unable to manage its growth effectively due to expenses exceeding sales, the timing of expenses becoming due or other reasons, the Company may be forced to reduce or curtail operations.

Concentrated Customer Base

We have derived and believe that we will continue to derive a significant portion of our revenues from one large customer.  In 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007, one customer accounted for 91%, 98%, 75% and 22% of the Company’s revenues respectively. The loss, cancellation or deferral of the large contract with this large customer would have a material adverse effect on our revenues from China.  In addition, there can be no assurance that we will bring in any new significant customers in China.

Risks Associated With Business of Early Childhood Development

Dependence on Third Party Vendors

The Company sells programs that include third party products.  There is no certainty that the vendors of these products will continue the production of these products and the Company’s ability to source a replacement of such products. Such discontinuation of these products will significantly impact our ability to continue the sales of these programs.

Dependency on Key Personnel

The Company’s future success is dependent on the success and ability of its key management, President Terry Pallier.  The loss of key personnel or the inability to attract and retain highly qualified personnel, consultants or advisors could adversely affect the Company’s business.  The Company faces competition for such personnel from other companies and organizations.  There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in hiring or retaining qualified personnel.  The inability of the Company to retain and attract the necessary personnel or the loss of services of any of its key personnel could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s profitability.

Keep Pace with New Technologies

The Company sells programs primarily consisting of printed materials.  The educational industry continues to evolve from traditional printed materials to digital products. The inability of the Company to keep pace with the new technologies and standards in the educational industry could render its products and services non-competitive.  The Company’s future success will depend on its ability to address the increasingly sophisticated needs of its customers by producing and marketing enhancements to its products and services that respond to customer requirements. The Company may be required to invest significant capital in order to remain competitive. A failure on the part of the Company to effectively manage a product transition will directly affect the demand for the Company’s products and the future profitability of the Company’s operations.
 
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Foreign Exchange Risk

The Company’s programs include third party products that are purchased in US dollars and the Company may incur losses if the US Dollar is strengthened against the Canadian dollar.

Consumer Financing

The Company’s sales are highly dependent on its ability to arrange third party financing for its customers.  The Company’s revenues will significantly decline if the third party financier decides to discontinue this program and we are unable to negotiate other sources for similar consumer financing program.

Generating Sales Leads

Company is highly dependent on its ability to generate sales leads through its telemarketing activities.  A new technology that would block incoming telemarketing telephone calls into homes will jeopardize the Company’s ability to generate sales leads and revenues in Canada.

A+ derives all of its revenue from sales made in a clients home. This format requires that an appointment be made with the family in order for the sale to take place. The appointment can only be arranged from leads generated from our call centres. There are certain factors that could restrict the number of appointments that we are able to set. including:

1) The number of families with children 3 and under in the territory which we serve, roughly 1 million households. We work off lists purchased from brokers to contact these people. Approximately 400,000 names of such families end up on such lists. The number of names we will require as we expand will exceed that figure. When this occurs the growth in the child development side of the company will plateau, as will profits.

2) Other factors which could reduce appointments include:

a.
Increasingly more stringent privacy laws
b.
The possibility and indeed the likelihood of a “do not call” list being legislated.
c.
A perceptible increase in the reluctance of families to entertain a perceived “sales person” in their home.
 
These could lead to detrimental effects on the Company’s ability to make appointments with prospective customers and will affect productivity and therefore profitability.

Dependence on Trained Management Staff

In order to provide as broad coverage as possible in the territory we serve, it is necessary to establish district sales offices, which serve between 100,000 and 300,000 prospective families. As expansion takes place we must of course have managers who can hire, train and continually advise and assist sales consultants. In order to do this the manager must have experience and knowledge in this highly specialized and unique field. This means that, ideally, the manager should be hired from within the sales consultant force. This does not totally rule out hiring a manager from outside operations, but should that be necessary, such person would probably require 6-12 months of training to effectively manage a district sales office. There is always the risk of under performing sales results, in district offices, which could restrict profitability.
 
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Other Risk Factors

Dependence on Michael P. Kraft, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, as well as other executives

The Company’s future success is dependent on the success and ability of its key management and product development teams.  The Company has obtained key man insurance on its senior executive in the amount of $1,000,000.  The loss of key personnel or the inability to attract and retain highly qualified personnel, consultants or advisors, could adversely affect the Company’s business.  The Company faces competition for such personnel from other companies and organizations.  There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in hiring or retaining qualified personnel.  The inability of the Company to retain and attract the necessary personnel or the loss of services of any of its key personnel could have a material adverse effect on the Company.
 
Technological changes may reduce the Company’s sale of its products and services

The traditional publishing industry continues to experience technological change.  The publishing industry continues to evolve from traditional mechanical format printing to full digital printing.  The inability of the Company to keep pace with the new technologies and standards in the print industry could render its products and services non-competitive.  The Company’s future success will depend on its ability to address the increasingly sophisticated needs of its customers by producing and marketing enhancements to its products and services that respond to customer requirements.  The Company may be required to invest significant capital in order to remain competitive. A failure on the part of the Company to effectively manage a product transition will directly affect the demand for the Company’s products and the future profitability of the Company’s operations.

Exchange rate fluctuations may reduce the Company’s revenues or increase the Company’s expenses

The Company does transact some business involving currencies other than the Canadian currency in both purchasing and selling goods and services.  The Company is exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates that may have an adverse effect on the Company’s businesses.

Dependence on key contractors for maintenance of high quality content

A key component of the continued success of the traditional publishing activities of the Company will be the ability of the Company to maintain high quality content.  The Company must continue to develop new and innovative products to sustain its educational publishing activities in order to ensure the continued viability of the traditional publishing aspects of its business.  Although the Company continues to retain experienced educators and editors to develop content for its educational publications, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to continue hiring experienced educators and editors to maintain the current high quality level of content for future publications.

Competition is likely to have a tremendous impact on our business

The Company faces considerable competition from traditional educational publishing companies and from educational software providers in China both of which offer the same or similar services as are available from the Company’s traditional publishing operations.  In addition, it is anticipated that as China becomes more open to foreign involvement for educational programs, the level of competition will further intensify.
 
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We may need additional capital in the future and it may not be available on acceptable terms

We may need to raise additional funds in order to finance our operations.  The Company expects that corporate growth will be funded from equity and/or debt financing(s) to help generate needed capital.  Insuring that capital is available to increase production; sales and marketing capacity; and to provide support materials and training in the market place and to expand is essential to success.  There can be no assurance that financing will be available on terms favorable to us, or at all.  If adequate funds are not available on acceptable terms, we may be forced to curtail or cease our operations.  Even if we are able to continue our operations, the failure to obtain financing could have a substantial adverse effect on our business and financial results.

Risk of history of losses

The Company has had a history of losses and there is no assurance that it can reach profitability in the future.  The Company will require significant additional funding to meet its business objectives.  Capital will need to be available to help expand not only the Company’s product line but also to improve market penetration and sales through an increasing distribution network.

Our public trading market is highly volatile
 
The Company's common shares trade on the TSX Venture Exchange under the symbol "LM", and on NASD:OTC BB under the symbol “LMDCF” and are quoted on the Berlin-Bremen Stock Exchange under the symbol “LIM.BE” and the German securities code is (WKN) 121226.
 
The market price of our common shares could fluctuate substantially due to:
 
§
Quarterly fluctuations in operating results;
§
Announcements of new products or services by us or our competitors;
§
Technological innovations by us or our competitors;
§
General market conditions or market conditions specific to our or our customer’s industries; or
§
Changes in earning estimates or recommendations by analysts.

Penny stock rules

Our common shares are quoted on the OTC Electronic Bulletin Board; a NASD sponsored and operated quotation system for equity securities.  It is a more limited trading market than the NASDAQ Capital Market, and timely, accurate quotations of the price of our common shares may not always be available.  You may expect trading volume to be low in such a market.  Consequently, the activity of only a few shares may affect the market and may result in wide swings in price and in volume.
 
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Our common shares are listed on the NASD OTC Bulletin Board, and are subject to the requirements of Rule 15(g) 9, promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act as long as the price of our common shares is below $5.00 per share.  Under such rule, broker-dealers who recommend low-priced securities to persons other than established customers and accredited investors must satisfy special sales practice requirements, including a requirement that they make an individualized written suitability determination for the purchaser and receive the purchaser’s consent prior to the transaction.  The Securities Enforcement Remedies and Penny Stock Reform Act of 1990 also requires additional disclosure in connection with any trade involving a stock defined as a penny stock.  Generally, the Commission defines a penny stock as any equity security not traded on an exchange or quoted on NASDAQ that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share.  The required penny stock disclosures include the delivery, prior to any transaction, of a disclosure schedule explaining the penny stock market and the risks associated with it.  Such requirements could severely limit the market liquidity of the securities and the ability of purchasers to sell their securities in the secondary market.

The stock market has experienced significant price and volume fluctuations, and the market prices of companies, have been highly volatile.  Investors may not be able to sell their shares at or above the then current, OTC BB price.  In addition, our results of operations during future fiscal periods might fail to meet the expectations of stock market analysts and investors.  This failure could lead the market price of our common shares to decline.

There is uncertainty as to the Company’s shareholders’ ability to enforce civil liabilities both in and outside of the United States
 
The preponderance of our assets are located outside the United States and are held through companies incorporated under the laws of Canada, Barbados, and Hong Kong and Representative Offices in China and Taiwan.  In addition, a majority of our directors and officers are nationals and/or residents of countries other than the United States.  All or a substantial portion of the assets of these persons are located outside the United States.  As a result, it may be difficult for shareholders to effect service of process within the United States upon these persons.  In addition, investors may have difficulty enforcing, both in and outside the United States, judgments based upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state thereof.
 
Risk Factors Associated With Jintu Joint Venture (“Jintu JV”) in China:

Jintu JV is a development stage company and is subject to all of the uncertainties of starting a new business segment.

A print media joint venture in China requires approvals from the General Administration of Press and Publications Bureau and from the Ministry of Commerce.  While the Company anticipates getting the requisite approvals for Jintu Joint Venture (“Jintu JV”), there can be no assurance that Jintu JV will receive the requisite government approvals and that the joint venture will obtain the necessary business registration and license.
 
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Jintu JV requires a total of ¥5,000,000 Yuan as its Registered Capital and the Company will be required to invest its proportionate share or ¥2,550,000 Yuan (CDN$365,000) as its contribution to the Jintu JV.  There can be no assurance that the Company will have sufficient funds to finance its share of the Registered Capital required for the establishment of the Jintu JV.

The key executives of the joint venture have prior experience in sales and marketing of a leading educational software company in China.  However, their experience is limited to managing a sales force and not in the establishment and managing of a joint venture. There can be no assurance that the management will be successful in operating the joint venture as they lack operational experience as it is a new entity with no operating history.

The joint venture’s future success is dependent on success and ability of its key executive officer, Yan Hui Zhang. The loss of its key officer or the inability to attract and retain highly qualified personnel, consultants or advisors, particularly with respect to the Company’s intended expansion into the distribution of print media products in China, could adversely affect the Jintu JV’s operations.

Jintu JV may need additional capital in the future and it may not be available on acceptable terms. If adequate funds are not available on acceptable terms, we may be forced to curtail or cease Jintu JV’s operations.  Even if we are able to continue Jintu JV’s operations, the failure to obtain financing could have a substantial adverse effect on its business and financial results.

ITEM 4.  INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

4.A. History and Development of the Company

Introduction

Lingo Media operates three distinct reportable business segments as follows:

Online English Language Learning
 
The Company offers a groundbreaking online service using robust speech recognition technology acquired through its acquisition of Speak2Me Inc. in October 2007.  The service currently provides participants with more than 250-targeted, interactive English language modules with a virtual teacher. Recently launched in China, Speak2Me is a free, advertising-based portal and is available at www.speak2me.cn
 
English Language Learning Publishing
 
In China, Lingo Media continues to expand its business via its subsidiary Lingo Learning Inc. a print-based publisher of English Language Learning programs in China since 2001. Lingo Learning has an established presence in China’s education market of 200 million students.  To date, it has published 197 million units from its library of more than 300 program titles in China.
 
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Early Childhood Development
 
A+ Child Development (Canada) Ltd. publishes and distributes educational materials aimed at the early childhood market on a direct-to-consumer basis.  A+ has developed a proprietary curriculum for parents to use with their children based on the latest neuroscience research. To date, A+ has focused its marketing efforts only in Canada. Lingo Media holds a 70.33% controlling interest in A+.
 
The Company’s Executive Office is located at:
151 Bloor Street West
Suite 703
Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1S4
Telephone:  (416) 927-7000
Facsimile:  (416) 927-1222
E-mail:  investor@lingomedia.com
Website: www.lingomedia.com

The Company’s Beijing Representative Office is located at:
Jianwai SOHO
Building 17, Suite 601
39 East 3rd Ring Road,
Dong San Huan Zhong Lu
Beijing, 100022, China
Telephone: +86 10 5900 0152
Facsimile:  +86 10 5900 1800

The A+ offices are located at:
Head Office / Calgary, AB
2116 - 27 Avenue N.E, Suite 341
Calgary, AB   T2E 7A6
Telephone: (403) 250-6616
E-mail:  phs.calgary@apluschilddevelopment.com

District Offices A+
Edmonton
5004 98 Avenue, Suite 1021
Edmonton, AB   T6A 0A1
Telephone: (780) 444-4490
E-mail:  phs.edmonton@apluschilddevelopment.com
 
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Vancouver
204,- 3997 Henning Drive
Burnaby, BCV5L 6N5
Telephone: (604) 422-8190
E-mail:  phs.vancouver@apluschilddevelopment.com

Toronto
301 - 9040 Leslie Street
Richmond Hill, ON L4B 3M4
Telephone: (905) 763-1176
E-mail: phs.richmondhill@apluschilddevelopment.co
 
The Company's fiscal year ends December 31st.
 
The Company's common shares trade on the TSX Venture Exchange under the symbol "LM", and on NASD:OTC BB under the symbol “LMDCF” and are quoted on the Berlin-Bremen Stock Exchange under the symbol “LIM.BE” and the German securities code is (WKN) 121226.
 
History and Development

Incorporation and Name Changes

The Company was incorporated under the name Alpha Publishing Inc. pursuant to the Business Corporations Act (Alberta) on April 22, 1996.  The name was changed to Alpha Ventures Inc. on May 24, 1996. Pursuant to Articles of Continuance effective April 22, 1998, the Company was continued as an Ontario company under the provisions of the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) under the name, Alpha Communications Corp. The name was changed to Lingo Media Inc. on July 4, 2000, and changed to Lingo Media Corporation on October 16, 2007.
 
The Company currently has six active subsidiaries: Lingo Learning Inc. "LLI", Lingo Media International Inc. "LMII", ", A + Child Development (Canada) Ltd., Speak2Me Inc. “S2M”,  Speak2Me International Inc. “S2MII”, and Speak2Me (Hong Kong) Limited “S2MHK”.
 
LLI was incorporated pursuant to the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) on November 21, 1994 under the name Alpha Corporation.  Alpha Corporation changed its name to Lingo Media Ltd. on August 25, 2000 and again on March 6, 2008 to Lingo Learning Inc..
 
LMII was incorporated pursuant to the Companies Act of Barbados on September 11, 1996 under the name International Alpha Ventures Inc.  On May 13, 1997, wholly-owned subsidiary's name was changed to International Alpha Media, Inc. and then was changed to Lingo Media International Inc. on September 20, 2000.

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A+ was incorporated pursuant to the Business Corporations Act of Alberta on February 12, 1999. A+ is 70.33% owned by the Company.
 
S2M was incorporated pursuant to the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) on February 22, 2007.
 
S2MII was incorporated pursuant to the Companies Act of Barbados on October 15, 1996 under the name Consolidated Sino Ventures Ltd.  On March 20, 2008, wholly-owned subsidiary’s name was changed to Speak2Me International Inc. under the Companies Act of Barbados.
 
S2MHK was incorporated pursuant to the Companies Ordinance, Hong Kong on March 12, 2008.
 
Acquisition of A + Child Development (Canada) Ltd.
 
In 2006, Lingo Media acquired a 62.33% controlling interest in A+ and acquired an additional 8% interest in March 2007. A+ derives revenues from publishing and distribution of educational materials aimed at the early childhood market.  A+ has developed a unique curriculum for parents to use with their children based on the latest neuroscience research. To date, A+ has focused its marketing efforts only in Canada. With Lingo Media’s established operations in Beijing, A+ plans to introduce its learning system and products to parents of pre-school children in China.
 
Under the terms of the acquisition, Lingo Media:

i)
acquired 50.33% of the outstanding capital stock of A+ from its shareholders for the purchase price of CAD$730,000 satisfied by issuing 2,650,000 common shares of Lingo Media and paying CAD$200,000 cash;

ii)
invested CAD$150,000 in A+ for an additional 12% interest;

iii)
invested a further CAD$100,000 in A+ for an additional 8% interest; and

iv)
issued an additional 3,000,000 common shares of Lingo Media to the selling shareholders of A+ subject to meeting annual earnings milestones to be held in escrow and released over a three-year period with a maximum of 1,000,000 shares released per year;

Acquisition of Speak2Me Inc.

In October 2007 the Company completed the acquisition of Speak2Me Inc. ("Speak2Me"). Speak2Me is a new media company that has developed software combining speech recognition and animation technology for the teaching and practice of spoken English. The acquisition was completed by way of a share exchange agreement entered into between Lingo Media, Speak2Me and the shareholders of Speak2Me on the basis of a share exchange ratio of one post-consolidated common share of Lingo Media for each 3.975 common shares of Speak2Me. Under the terms of the acquisition, Lingo Media acquired all the issued and outstanding common shares of Speak2Me in exchange for 4,500,366 post-consolidated common shares of Lingo Media. Speak2Me is now a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lingo Media.
 
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4.B.  BUSINESS OVERVIEW
 
Background

Lingo Media is a diversified print and online education product and services corporation.  Speak2Me Inc. (“Speak2Me”), a new subsidiary acquired during the year, is a new media company focused on interactive advertising in China through its Internet-based English Language Learning (“ELL”) portal. In China, Lingo Media is a print-based publisher of English Language Learning programs through its subsidiary Lingo Learning Inc.  In Canada, Lingo Media through its subsidiary A+ Child Development (Canada) Ltd. (“A+”), specializes in early childhood cognitive development programs which publishes and distributes educational materials along with its proprietary curriculum through its four offices in Calgary, Edmonton, Vancouver and Toronto.
 
In October 2007, the Company completed the acquisition of Speak2Me Inc. ("Speak2Me"). Speak2Me is a new media company that has developed software combining speech recognition and animation technology for the teaching and practice of spoken English. The acquisition was completed by way of a share exchange agreement entered into between Lingo Media, Speak2Me and the shareholders of Speak2Me on the basis of a share exchange ratio of one post-consolidated common share of Lingo Media for each 3.975 common shares of Speak2Me. Under the terms of the acquisition, Lingo Media acquired all the issued and outstanding common shares of Speak2Me in exchange for 4,500,366 post-consolidated common shares of Lingo Media. Speak2Me is now a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lingo Media.

In 2006, through the acquisition of A+, Lingo Media extended its business to include the sale of early childhood development programs in Canada. A+ operates through its office in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. A+ is involved in the business of early childhood cognitive development, through the publishing, teaching and distribution of educational materials along with its proprietary curriculum developed by its advisory panel of psychologists.

Lingo Media operates three distinct reportable business segments as follows:

Online English Language Learning
 
The Company offers a groundbreaking online service using robust speech recognition technology acquired through its acquisition of Speak2Me Inc. in October 2007.  The service currently provides participants with more than 250-targeted, interactive English language modules with a virtual teacher. Recently launched in China, Speak2Me is a free, advertising-based portal and is available at www.speak2me.cn
 
22

 
English Language Learning Publishing
 
In China, Lingo Media continues to expand its business via its subsidiary Lingo Learning Inc. (“Lingo Learning”), a print-based publisher of English Language Learning programs in China since 2001. Lingo Learning has an established presence in China’s education market of 200 million students.  To date, it has published 197 million units from its library of more than 300 program titles in China.
 
Early Childhood Development
 
A+ Child Development (Canada) Ltd. (“A+”) publishes and distributes educational materials aimed at the early childhood market on a direct-to-consumer basis.  A+ has developed a proprietary curriculum for parents to use with their children based on the latest neuroscience research. To date, A+ has focused its marketing efforts only in Canada. Lingo Media holds a 70.33% controlling interest in A+.
 
English Language Learning
 
Lingo Media’s strengths and opportunities lie in its approach to the development of original language learning materials-including English as a Second/Foreign Language (ESL/EFL) and English for Special Purposes (ESP).  In China, the Company pre-sells its program to educational ministries through co-publishing with local publishers, while retaining full copyright ownership and distribution rights for all other markets.
 
China Publishing

Lingo Media has spent six years developing English as a Foreign Language (EFL), products, programs, and relationships in the Chinese market. Learning to communicate in English is seen as a top priority for Chinese school students and young adult learners. Along with learning how to use a PC, English skills are perceived as a key determinant of their future levels of prosperity. The Company’s EFL book, audio and CD-based programs are unique in that they have a special focus on the spoken language. In addition to developing learning materials, considerable resources have been expended on the development of relationships with leading Chinese publishers, both in the education and trade sectors, as well as in extensive marketing of Lingo Media’s programs.

The Company is capitalizing on its co-development approach in the Chinese market. Lingo Media sees its relationships with leading Chinese publishers; its Canadian and Chinese author teams; and its original custom-developed content as key factors in opening up the Chinese educational market. The Company has secured long-term publishing contracts for the Kindergarten to Grade 12 (K-12) and higher educational markets, which it anticipates will generate ongoing revenue streams from the sale of its programs.
 
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Co-Publishing Partners in China

People's Education Press

People's Education Press (“PEP”) a division of China's State Ministry of Education, publishes more than 60% of educational materials for the Kindergarten to Grade 12 (“K-12”) market throughout China, for all subjects, including English language training.  PEP has a readership of more than 120 million students. Lingo Media has four programs with PEP. Three series target the elementary market of 100 million students: PEP Primary English (for Grades 3-6; Chinese students now begin learning English in Grade 3); Starting Line (Grades 1-6); and Beginning English for Young Learners (Grades 1 and 2). The Reading Practice series is for junior middle school students. All series include the core textbooks in addition to supplemental activity books, audiocassettes, teacher resource books, and other materials.

Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press

Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press (FLTRP) is one of the forerunners in international copyright co-operation in China and is a leading university reference and K-12 publisher in China.

China International Publishing Group

Foreign Language Press (“FLP”) is a subsidiary of China's largest trade publishing group, China International Publishing Group (“CIPG”). CIPG develops and distributes books to Chinese retail bookstores, in addition to producing selected texts and supplemental books for the educational market. Lingo Media co-published with CIPG the English for Hosts book and audiocassette package.  

Phoenix Publishing & Media Group

Phoenix Publishing and Media Group (PPMG), formerly Jiangsu Publishing Group, was established in September 2001. It is one of the largest publishing houses in China with a registered capital of 720 million RMB, revenue of more than 8 billion RMB and total assets of 7.4 billion RMB.  PPMG’s subsidiaries include 8 publishing houses, 1 audio visual publishing house, 1 printing house and an import-export trading corporation.  Lingo Media has co-published and launched Lingo College English with Yilin Press.
 
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Guangzhou Renzhen English Production Group “Renzhen Group”:
 
Lingo Media completed a co-publishing agreement for two language-learning programs with Renzhen Group in December 2000. Renzhen Group is one of China’s leading privately owned language learning publishers of book and audiocassette packages focusing on wholesaling to bookstores and newsstands throughout China, as well as on its growing mail order business. The two programs that have been launched include English In Business Communications — a series of six self-study books and 12 audiocassettes providing specialized English training; and The Out Loud Program: Rhymes, Rhythms and Patterns for Language Learning — a set of student books and audiocassette packages with 3 levels.
 
The Lingo Media Approach

Lingo Media specializes in publishing materials for language learning. Lingo Media focuses on two sectors: English as a Second Language (ESL) in English-speaking countries and English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in China.

The key to publishing successful EFL programs are two simple concepts: quality and relevance. Our core philosophy says that English language learning materials should be relevant to the market we are trying to reach. In a nutshell, our approach involves:
 
Researching and Understanding the Market
The process began with relationship building and communication.  We talk with key organizations, associations and ministries in each country to better understand their needs and concerns. We looked for the right niche for Lingo Media, and then sought out local partners to aid in the marketing and implementation of our programs.  Moreover, we searched for individuals in China who manage the Company’s affairs.  These individuals become our links to China's community and culture.

Bilateral Relationships
With Lingo Media liaisons in place, our goal is to assure that our English Language Learning materials meet the highest educational standards.
 
Constant Monitoring of Effectiveness
Our people in the field in China are constantly monitoring the effectiveness of our programs; they ask and answer the crucial questions - Does the material serve the intended audience?

Comprehensive Product Development
Because we know that a language learning program needs to serve a number of different groups, we considered the requirements of all of the ultimate users: administrators, teachers and students.  Each group has its own perspective. We developed an approach that works for all.
 
Collaborative Partnerships
With local partners and educational organizations involved with the process of implementing programs, they are pleased with the results.  Our partners are involved in all stages of program marketing, implementation and monitoring – in effect they are strategic team members.
 
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Bilateral Development
September 2001 marked the first official launch of a Lingo Media program entitled PEP Primary English. The program was developed by an international team of respected educational writers: Jack Booth, David Booth, Linda Booth and Larry Swartz (award winning Canadian authors of the elementary language arts series Impressions), together with Yuexin Wu from Wuxi Normal School and PEP’s English Editorial Team.

Relevant Material
We know how to listen. Our teams ensure that program material is relevant and culturally appropriate, as well as educationally sound.

Early Childhood Development

A+ markets a cognitive development program to the parents of children from newborn to age five. The program is based upon the significant knowledge of brain development that has come about since the invention of sophisticated brain scanning equipment and devices. The components of the program are designed to deliver to the child age appropriate, properly neurobiologically sequenced and developmentally valid information. It is designed with the goal of having the child in the home eventually reach his/her full intellectual potential.

A+ has four offices in Canada - Toronto, Calgary, Edmonton and Vancouver. Expansion plans call for the opening of a sales office in Ottawa, Ontario before the end of 2008 and another sales office in London, Ontario in early 2009.
 
Products

English Language Learning

Programs for children;

Series:
Beginning English For Young Learners
Type of Program:
English as a Foreign Language (EFL)
English as a Second Language (EFL)
Description:
A series of student books, audiocassettes, teacher resource books and ancillary materials. The program promotes oral language use through partner-based activities suited for both large and small groups. It enhances listening, speaking and emerging literacy skills, using an activity-based approach.
Components:
Student Books: 4
Audiocassettes: 8
Teacher Resource Books: 2
Target Audience:
Elementary Schools: JK, SK, Grades 1-2
 
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Series:
PEP Primary English
Type of Program:
English as a Foreign Language (EFL)
English as a Second Language (ESL)
Description:
A series of student books, audiocassettes, teacher resource books and ancillary materials. The program employs a variety of learning strategies to promote interactive, two-way communication as students explore the content through task-based activities.
Components:
Student Books: 8
Audiocassettes: 16
Teacher Resource Books: 8
Ancillary Materials: 56
Target Audience:
Elementary Schools: Grade 3-6
   
Series:
Starting Line
Type of Program:
English as a Foreign Language (EFL)
English as a Second Language (EFL)
Description:
A series of student books, audiocassettes, teacher resource books and ancillary materials. The program employs interactive, two-way communication to help and encourage students to build word power in listening, speaking, reading, and writing as they participate in task-based activities designed for use in multi-level classrooms.
Components:
Student Books: 12
Audiocassettes: 12
Teacher Resource Books: 6
Ancillary Materials: 72
Target Audience:
Elementary Schools: Grade 1-6
 
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Series:
The Out Loud Program: Rhymes, Rhythms and Patterns for Language Learning
Type of Program:
Language Arts
English as a Second Language (EFL)
English as a Foreign Language (EFL)
Description:
A series of student books, audiocassettes, Teacher's Source Books and ancillary materials. The program is based on the principle that becoming fluent in a language depends largely on the participants being involved in authentic, interactive discourse using the language. As young learners experience the sounds of the English language found in these fascinating and inviting materials, they are immediately working with the language, participating in its structures and vocabulary from the inside out. This program presents teachers with hundreds of helpful models of the English language to explore with students.
Components:
Student Books: 3
CDs/Audiocassettes: 3
Teacher's Source Books: 3
Poster Card Sets: 3
Target Audience:
Elementary Schools: JK, SK, Grades 1–2
 
Programs for juveniles;

Series:
Reading Practice
Type of Program:
English as a Foreign Language (ESP)
English as a Second Language (EFL)
Description:
A series of student books to supplement the widely used PEP textbooks for grades 7-9. These supplemental books provide a wide range of reading selections and follow-up activities, language games, puzzles, and other sources for developing comprehension.
Components:
Student Books: 5
Audiocassettes: 5
Target Audience:
Junior Middle Schools: Grades 7-9
   
Series:
Subject-Based English
Type of Program:
English for Special Purposes (ESP)
Description:
A series of student textbooks, audiocassettes, and teacher resource books. The first set of six subjects includes Law, Mathematics, Physics, Geological Prospecting and Mining, Biology, and Transportation.
This program is required in order to meet the new curriculum mandated by the Chinese State Ministry of Education stating that all third and fourth year students not majoring in English must take English courses related to their subject area.
Components:
Student textbooks: 6
Audiocassettes: 12
Teacher Resource Books: 6
Target Audience:
Third and fourth year university students majoring in subjects other than English
 
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Series:
English in Business Communications
Type of Program:
English for Special Purposes (ESP)
Description:
A series of self-study books and audiocassettes for adult English learners focused on specific English language needs for a variety of professions and occupations.  The series is designed to develop and enhance listening comprehension, vocabulary development and pronunciation. Subject areas include Insurance, Marketing, Meetings, Negotiations, Banking, Presentations and English for Hosts.
Components:
Self-Study Books:  6
Audiocassettes:   12
Target Audience:
Self-Study Adult Market
 
Series:
Vocational English
Type of Program:
English as a Foreign Language (EFL) English as a Second Language (ESL)
Description:
Create fluency and gain skills in modern spoken and written English  using modern pedagogy.  Students will gain oral fluency as they work across the four modalities—listening, speaking, reading and writing—while supporting their general knowledge skills.  This program uses two different textbooks—listening/speaking, and reading/writing, as well as audiocassettes, to support learning.
Components:
Student Books, Audiocassettes
Target Audience:
Chinese Vocational School
Number of Levels:
4
Publication Date:
September 2006
Author(s):
Lisa Bruno, Lisa Black, Sarah Miller
Publisher:
Lingo Media
China School Edition: Co-publisher – Yilin Press

Early Childhood Development Product Description

The components of the A+ program are as follows:

1.
3 Steps Ahead – Employs colour cards with symbols and uses a magnetically activated light pen.  Teaches basic classification and discrimination.
2.
The Phonics Factory – Teaches the sounds of our language and the letters and words that are used to record those sounds.  Teaches basic language structure and the connection between sight and sound.
 
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3.
The Math Factory – Teaches numerals and their values.  Teaches basic computations skills utilizing numerals.
4.
Children’s Dictionary – Defines and in most cases provides illustrations of the 1,500 most commonly used words.
5.
Classical Music – Selection assist in developing linear thinking skills, increases attention span and provides a calming and soothing effect.
6.
Welcome to Reading – A complex kit divided into four modules that teaches reading recognition, basic reading skills and progresses through to reading comprehension and composition.
7.
A 15 Volume Set arranged thematically – Contains answers to most questions asked by pre-school children and allows them to pursue an interest.  Provides the beginning basic skills necessary to become an independent learner.  Provides numerous hands-on activities that can be done by the child with the parent.
8.
Launch Pad Library – Well illustrated series that concentrates on providing in-depth information on the “need to know” topics for the pre-school child.
9.
Young Scientist Series – Provides basic information on all of the sciences and progresses to a stage where they can be used throughout Elementary School.  Contains 180 elementary experiments that can be done with a parent.
10.
Treasure Tree Knowledge – 16 Volume Set.  Well illustrated designed to be read by the children on their own.  Continue to develop reading and comprehension skills.
11.
Student Discovery Library – 15 Volume Set.  Providing information on most relevant subjects laid out in an encyclopedic format.  Further develops the research skills needed to become an independent learner.
12.
Interactive Reader Series – Well illustrated set that provides solid information and then tests the absorption and comprehension of the child by frequent question boxes throughout the set.
13.
Wise Old Owl – Provides 100 Coupons that can be used to obtain answers to questions that children have.  Provides those answers in age appropriate language and develops child’s delayed gratification attitude.
14.
The Parents Curriculum Guide – A step-by-step instruction manual that guides the parent through proper utilization of the entire A+ program.

United States vs. Foreign Sales/Assets

During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005 respectively, $3,126,651, $685,521, and $17,812, of sales revenue were generated in Canada.

During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005 respectively, no sales revenue were generated in the United States.

During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005 respectively, $877,706, $888,816, and $888,545of sales revenue were generated in China.

At December 31, 2006, and 2005, substantially all of the Company’s assets were located in Canada. At December 31, 2007, $3,327,303 of the Company’s identifiable assets are located in Canada, and, as a result of the acquisition of Speak2Me, $4,560,247 are located in China.
 
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Dependency Upon Intellectual Property

The Company is dependent on its intellectual property and the contracts in China with various Chinese publishers and in Canada with it’s A+ Parent’s Curriculum Guide.

Seasonality

The Company may experience some seasonal trends in the sale of its publications.  For example, sales of educational published materials experience seasonal fluctuations with higher sales in the Spring (second calendar quarter) and Fall (fourth calendar quarter).

Research and Development, Trademarks, Licenses, and Etc.

Research and Development

During the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively, the Company expended $4,480,474, $400,717, and $104,106 on research and development, under the categories of “development costs” “software development costs” and “deferred costs”.  These expenditures were primarily directed at developing products for the China market.

Trademarks and Copy rights

The Company owns the trademarks, Lingo Media, EnglishLingo and EnglishNihao, in Canada and China. In addition, certain materials are copy righted.

Employees

As of June 15, 2008, the Company had one hundred thirty employees including ninety-nine employees of A+. Forty-two of these employees are part-time. None of the Company's employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements.

4.C. Organization Structure

The Company currently has six active subsidiaries: Lingo Learning Inc. (previously Lingo Media Ltd.), Lingo Media International Inc., A+ Child Development (Canada) Ltd., Speak2Me Inc., Speak2Me (Hong Kong) Limited, and Speak2Me International Inc. Refer to ITEM 4.  “Information on the Company, 4.A. History and Development of the Company, History and Development” for more information.

4.D.  Property, Plant and Equipment

The Company’s executive offices are located in rented premises of approximately 4,523 sq. ft. at 151 Bloor Street West, Suite 703, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1S4.  The Company began occupying these facilities, through its subsidiary Lingo Learning Inc. in March 2006.
 
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The Company’s Beijing representative offices are located in rented premises of approximately 1,200 sq. ft. at Jianwai SOHO, Building 17, Suite 601, 39 East 3rd Ring Road, Dong San Huan Zhong Lu, Beijing, 100022, China

A+ has following leased premises:
 
Head Office - #341, 2116 – 27 Ave. N.E., Calgary Alberta, Canada, T2E 7A6 which is approximately 3,366 sq. ft
Edmonton - #1021, 5004 – 98 Ave., Edmonton Alberta, Canada, T6A 0A1 which is approximately 1,905 sq. ft.
 
Vancouver - #204- 3997 Henning Drive, Burnaby British Columbia, Canada, V5L 6N5 which is approximately 1,671 sq. ft.
 
Toronto - #301, 9040 Leslie Street, Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada, L4B 3M4 which is approximately 2,811 sq. ft.

The Company is outsourcing its manufacturing services.
 
ITEM 5.  OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

The following discussion for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007, and December 31, 2006 and for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and March 31, 2007 should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of the Company and the notes thereto.

The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that are subject to significant risks and uncertainties.  Readers should carefully review the risk factors described herein and in other documents the Company files from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

5.A Overview
 
Lingo Media is a diversified print and online education product and services corporation.  Speak2Me Inc. (“Speak2Me”), a new subsidiary acquired during the year, is a new media company focused on interactive advertising in China through its Internet-based English Language Learning portal. In China, Lingo Media is a print-based publisher of English Language Learning programs through its subsidiary Lingo Learning Inc.  In Canada, Lingo Media through its subsidiary A+ Child Development (Canada) Ltd., specializes in early childhood cognitive development programs which publishes and distributes educational materials along with its proprietary curriculum through its four offices in Calgary, Edmonton, Vancouver and Toronto.
 
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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates and assumptions.

In management’s opinion, revenue recognition, development costs, deferred costs, acquired publishing content and use of estimates as presented in the financial statements of the year ended December 31, 2007 are critical accounting policies and are as follows:

Revenue recognition:

Revenues from the sale of educational products in Canada are recognized at the time of delivery and when the risk of ownership is transferred and collectibility is reasonably assured.

Royalty revenue from sales by licensees of finished products in China is recognized based on confirmation of finished products produced by its licensees.  Royalty revenue from audiovisual product is recognized based on the confirmation of sales by its licensees, and when collectibility is reasonably assured.  Royalty revenues are not subject to right of return or product warranties. Amounts received in advance of the confirmation are treated as customer deposits. Revenue from the sale of published and supplemental products is recognized upon delivery and when the risk of ownership is transferred and collectibility is reasonably assured.

Deferred costs, investment and advances:

The pre-operating costs relating to establishing a joint venture in China are recorded as deferred costs.  Pre-operating costs are capitalized until the commencement of commercial operations and then amortized on a straight-line basis, over a maximum of five years.  Loans made in trust with a view to establishing a joint venture are recorded as investment and advances.  The carrying value of these deferred costs and advances are assessed on a periodic basis to determine if a write-down is required. Any required write-down is charged to operations in the year such write-down is determined to be necessary.

Development costs:

The Company has capitalized pre-operating costs relating to establishing a business base in the United States and the development of business in China.  Pre-operating costs are capitalized until the commencement of commercial operations and then amortized on a straight-line basis, over a maximum of five years.  The carrying value is assessed on a periodic basis to determine if a write-down is required. Any required write-down is charged to operations in the year such write-down is determined to be necessary. Technology costs and web development costs included in deferred development costs are capitalized in accordance with Section 3062 ("goodwill and other intangible assets"), of the C.I.C.A. Handbook. Development costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over a maximum of five years.
 
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Acquired publishing content:

The costs of obtaining the English as a Foreign Language ("EFL") program entitled "Communications: An Interactive EFL Program" and an international folktale series entitled "Stories Lost and Found: The Universe of Folktale" have been capitalized and are being amortized over a five-year period.  The Company regularly reviews the carrying values of its acquired publishing content.  The Company evaluates the carrying value of these assets based on the undiscounted value of expected future cash flows.  If the carrying value exceeds the amount recoverable, a write-down of the asset to its estimated fair value would be charged to operations in the year such a write-down is determined to be necessary.

Use of estimates:

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as at December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006 and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the years then ended.  Actual results may differ from those estimates.  Significant areas requiring the use of management estimates related to the useful lives and impairment of property and equipment, development costs and acquired publishing content.

Operating Results

Three Months Ended March 31, 2008 vs. Three Months Ended March 31, 2007

Revenue and Margin

Lingo Media earned revenues for three months ended March 31, 2008 as follows:

   
English
Language
Learning
   
Early
Childhood
Development
   
Total
 
Revenue
    -     $ 671,793     $ 671,793  
Cost of Sales
    -       134,737       134,737  
Margin
    -       537,056     $ 537,056  

Lingo Media earned revenues for three months ended March 31, 2007 as follows:

   
English
Language
Learning
   
Early
Childhood
Development
   
Total
 
Revenue
    587     $ 666,946     $ 667,533  
Cost of Sales
    235       139,339       139,574  
Margin
    352       527,607     $ 527,959  
 
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English Language Learning:

China
Lingo Media earns its royalty revenues from its key customer, People’s Education Press (“PEP”), a Chinese State Ministry of Education publisher on the following basis:

· Finished Product Sales – PEP prints and sells Lingo Media’s English language learning programs to provincial distributors in China;

· Licensing Sales – PEP licenses Lingo Media’s English language learning programs to provincial publishers who then print and sell the programs to provincial distributors in China.

Lingo Media earns a significantly higher royalty rate from Finished Product Sales compared to Licensing Sales.

Revenues from China for the quarter ended March 31, 2008 were $nil compared to $nil for Q1-2007. The Company continues to advance its relationship with PEP and has developed new programs to maintain its royalty revenue. The Company had unearned revenues of $159,755 as at March 31, 2008 as compared to $177,778 as at March 31, 2007.

In July 2006, the Company entered into a publishing agreement with Yilin Press to co-publish a Vocational English For College program in China.  In addition, the Company developed a new educational program – Lingo Kindergarten English – aimed at China’s vast pre-school market.

Lingo Media has expanded its in-house product development team with the appointment of Chris Anderson as its Managing Editor in order to develop new English language learning programs.  The Company has also appointed Jenny Bao as Director of Marketing to enhance its relationships with existing customers and to secure new business.

Canada
Up until December 31, 2007 Lingo Media continued to earn revenue from the Out Loud program launched in 2001. Revenue from this program has declined and was $nil for the first quarter of 2008 vs. $587 for the first quarter of 2007.  Cost of sales includes direct costs such as product cost, delivery and author royalty.

Early Childhood Development

In 2006, Lingo Media expanded into early childhood development sector through the acquisition of A+ effective October 1, 2006. A+ publishes and distributes educational materials aimed at the early childhood market.  A+ has developed a proprietary curriculum for parents to use with their children based on the latest neuroscience research. A+ has focused its efforts in Canada and with Lingo Media’s established operations in Beijing, A+ plans to introduce its learning system and products to parents of pre-school children across China. Future plans also include an expansion to the United States.

Lingo Media’s revenue from Early Childhood Development was $671,793 for the first quarter of 2008 compared to $666,946 for the same period last year. Cost of sales includes direct costs such as product and delivery costs of the goods sold.
 
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General and Administrative

General and administrative costs consist of executive compensation, consulting fees, office administration, rent, marketing, professional fees, shareholders services, any foreign exchange losses or gains and government grants which are offset against the general and administration expenses incurred during the period.

General and administrative expenses were $882,537 during the first quarter of 2008 as compared to $770,319 for the similar period in 2007. Overall, general and administrative expenses increased due to the acquisition and consolidation of A+ and Speak2Me operations into the financials of Lingo Media for the first quarter of 2008.  Below is the detailed analysis of general and administrative expenses for the quarter ended March 31, 2008:
 
   
Early
    English              
    Childhood     Language              
    Development     Learning     Total        
Three months ended March 31,
        2008           2007  
Selling     334,101       -       334,101       403,823  
Advertising and promotion     3,216       -       3,216       6,874  
Executive compensation     -       45,074       45,074       35,521  
Consulting fees and employee compensation     86,710       197,243       283,953       170,569  
Travel     1,008       4,703       5,711       15,971  
Administrative     81,055       35,941       116,996       68,679  
Premises     49,222       39,182       88,404       64,843  
Equipment leases     3,583       4,721       8,304       7,255  
Foreign exchange     -       (8,634 )     (8,634 )     (9,768 )
Shareholder services     -       10, 377       10,377       5,120  
Professional fees     6,818       15,733       22,591       30,182  
      565,713       344,380       910,093       799,069  
Less: Grants     -       (27,556 )     (27,556 )     (28,750 )
Total     565,713       316,824       882,537       770,319  
 
Government Grants
 
The Company makes applications to the Canadian government for various types of grants to support its publishing and international marketing activities.   Each year, the amount of any grant may vary depending on certain eligibility criteria (including prior year revenues) and the monies available to the pool of eligible candidates.

These government grants are recorded as a reduction of general and administrative expenses to offset direct costs funded by the grant. The Company records a liability for the repayment of the grants in the period in which conditions arise that will cause the government grant to be repayable.  Certain government grants are repayable in the event that the Company's annual net income for each of the previous two years exceeds 15% of revenue. During the quarter, the conditions for the repayment of grants did not arise and no liability was recorded. Included as a reduction of general and administrative expenses, are government grants of $27,566 for the first quarter of 2008 (Q1-2007 – $28,750), relating to the Company's publishing projects in China.  While the Company will continue to apply for various government grants to fund its ongoing development and market expansion, there can be no assurance the Company will be successful in obtaining these grants in the future, that the Company will meet the eligibility requirements for the grants or that the programs will still be offered for qualifying companies.
 
In 2007, the Canadian government conducted a routine audit on companies that received funding under its CIDA-INC program from 2003 thru 2005 that included Lingo Media.  Based on the review by an independent auditing firm, they determined that eligible expenditures should be adjusted and reclassified resulting in an audit adjustment amount of $139,420.  The Company is in the process of appealing this audit adjustment and does not believe that it appropriately reflects the eligible expenditures that the Company incurred on its project in China.  No amounts have been accrued in the financial statements as at March 31, 2008.
 
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Foreign Exchange
 
Included in general and administrative expenses is a foreign exchange gain of approximately $8,634 as compared to a loss of $9,768 during the first quarter of 2007, relating to the Company's currency risk through its activities denominated in foreign currencies as the Company is exposed to foreign exchange risk as a substantial portion of its revenue is denominated in US dollars and Chinese Renminbi.

Interest and Other Financial Expenses
 
In the first quarter of 2008, the Company had loans payable bearing interest at 12% (2007 - 12%) per annum.  Interest expense related to these loans for the quarter ended March 31, 2008 is $5,978.  At March 31, 2008, the outstanding loans were in the aggregate sum of $421,000, plus accrued interest of $8,727. In addition, the expense includes charges paid to a finance company that facilitates the sale of A+ programs.
 
In addition, the Company has revolving lines of credit bearing interest at prime plus 4% per annum. This bank facility is supported by general security agreements, a short term investment and a charge against the Company’s accounts receivable and inventory.  Interest expense paid on the loan for the quarter is $4,808. The outstanding balance of this loan at March 31, 2008 was $190,000.

Amortization

The following is a summary amortization schedule:

      Q1-2008       Q1-2007  
Property Plant and Equipment
    9,427       4,120  
Development Costs
    23,932       16,598  
Acquired Publishing Content
    -       -  
      33,359       20,718  
 
Amortization expense includes amortization of property and equipment, development costs and acquired publishing content. The amortization charge for Q1-2008 was $33,359 (Q1-2007 - $20,718). This represents a significant increase over 2007 due to the increase in development costs.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company amortizes stock-based compensation with a corresponding increase to the contributed surplus account. During the first quarter of 2008, the Company expensed $43,833 compared to $17,154 during Q1-2007.
 
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Net Loss

The Company reported a net loss of ($453,552) for the first quarter of 2008 as compared to a net loss of ($309,674) for Q1-2007. The Company reported taxes paid of $nil for the first quarter ended March 31, 2008 compared to taxes paid of $nil during the first quarter of 2007.

Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2007 vs. Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2006

Revenue and Margin

Lingo Media earned revenues at December 31, 2007 in China and Canada as follows:

   
English Language Learning
(China)
   
Early
Childhood Development
(Canada)
   
 
Total
 
Revenue
  $ 879,626     $ 3,124,731     $ 4,009,357  
Cost of Sales
    113,317       644,759       763,076  
Margin
  $ 766,309     $ 2,479,972     $ 3,246,281  
 
Lingo Media earned revenues at December 31, 2006 in China and Canada as follows:

   
English
Language Learning(China)
   
Early
Childhood Development
(Canada)
   
 
Total
 
Revenue
  $ 894,073     $ 680,264     $ 1,574,337  
Cost of Sales
    132,968       186,309       319,277  
Margin
  $ 761,105     $ 493,955     $ 1,255,060  
 
Revenues from China for the year ended December 31, 2007 were $879,626 compared to $894,073 for 2006. The Company continues to advance its relationship with PEP and has developed new programs to maintain and increase its royalty revenue.  

In July 2006, the Company entered into a publishing agreement with Yilin Press to co-publish a Vocational English For College program in China.  In addition, the Company developed a new educational program – Lingo Kindergarten English – aimed at China’s vast pre-school market.

Lingo Media expanded its in-house product development team with the appointment of Chris Anderson as its Managing Editor in order to develop new English language learning programs.  The Company also appointed Jenny Bao as Director of Marketing to enhance its relationships with existing customers and to secure new business.

In 2006, Lingo Media expanded into early childhood development sector through the acquisition of A+ effective October 1, 2006.  Revenues and expenses of A+ for the period from October 1, 2006 to December 31, 2006 were included in the consolidated statements of operations of the Company.   A+ had reported revenues of $3.1 million in 2006, of which $685,521 had been recognized as revenue and included in the operations of Lingo Media for the period from October 1, 2006 to December 31, 2006. A+ derives revenues from publishing and distribution of educational materials aimed at the early childhood market.  A+ has developed a successful and proprietary curriculum for parents to use with their children based on the latest neuroscience research. To date, A+ has focused its marketing efforts only in Canada. With Lingo Media’s established operations in Beijing, A+ will introduce its learning system and products to parents of pre-school children across China.

The Company had no unearned revenues as at December 31, 2007.
 
38


General and Administrative

General and administrative costs consist of executive compensation, consulting fees, office administration, rent, marketing, professional fees, shareholders services, any foreign exchange losses or gains and government grants which are offset against the general and administration expenses incurred during the period.

The following sets out the details for the general and administrative expenses for 2007 as compared to 2006:

General and administrative expenses were $3,745,276 during fiscal 2007 as compared to $1,417,867 for fiscal 2006. Overall, general and administrative expenses increased due to the acquisition and consolidation of A+ and Speak2Me operations into the financials of Lingo Media. Below is the detailed analysis of general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2007:
 
   
Early
    English              
    Childhood     Language              
    Development     Learning     Total        
 
        2007           2006  
Selling     1,733,955       -       1,733,955       42,127  
Advertising and promotion     -       51,829       51,829       322,676  
Executive compensation     309,000       139,771       448,771       211,291  
Consulting fees and employee compensation     92,121       602,767       694,888       482,043  
Travel     33,170       90,984       124,154      
72,703
 
Administrative     234,686       111,003       345,689       170,908  
Premises     185,836       118,145       303,981       152,380  
Equipment leases     10,975       16,891       27,866       14,021  
Foreign exchange     -       (103,505 )     (103,505 )     6,690  
Shareholder services     -       49,740       49,740       45,985  
Professional fees     36,243       182,210       218,453       79,343  
      2,635,986       1,259,835       3,895,821       1,600,167  
Less: Grants     -       (150,545 )     (150,545 )     (182,300 )
Total     2,635,986       1,109,290       3,745,276       1,417,867  
 
Government Grants
The Company makes applications to the Canadian government for various types of grants to support its publishing and international marketing activities.   Each year, the amount of any grant may vary depending on certain eligibility criteria (including prior year revenues) and the monies available to the pool of eligible candidates.  

These government grants are recorded as a reduction of general and administrative expenses to offset direct costs funded by the grant. The Company records a liability for the repayment of the grants in the period in which conditions arise that will cause the government grant to be repayable.  Certain government grants are repayable in the event that the Company's annual net income for each of the previous two years exceeds 15% of revenue. During the year, the conditions for the repayment of grants did not arise and no liability was recorded. Included as a reduction of general and administrative expenses, are government grants of $164,545 for fiscal 2007 (2006 – $182,300), relating to the Company's publishing projects in China and Canada.  While the Company will continue to apply for various government grants to fund its ongoing development and market expansion, there can be no assurance the Company will be successful in obtaining these grants in the future, that the Company will meet the eligibility requirements for the grants or that the programs will still be offered for qualifying companies.
 
39


Foreign Exchange
 
Included in general and administrative expenses is a foreign exchange loss of approximately $103,505 (2006 - $7,968), relating to currency translation rates in respect of the Company’s activities  denominated in foreign currencies.

Interest on Debt
 
In 2007, the Company had loans payable bearing interest at 12% (2006 - 12%) per annum.  Interest expense related to these loans for the year ended December 31, 2007 is $62,136.  At December 31, 2007, the outstanding loans were in the aggregate sum of $417,000, plus accrued interest of $14,705. In addition, the expense includes charges paid to a finance company that facilitates the sale of A+ programs.
 
In addition, the Company has revolving lines of credit bearing interest at prime plus 4% per annum. This bank facility is supported by general security agreements, a short term investment and a charge against the Company’s accounts receivable and inventory.  Interest expense paid on the loan for the fiscal 2007 was $28,910. The outstanding balance of this loan at December 31, 2007 was $230,000.

Amortization

The following is a summary amortization schedule:

   
2007
   
2006
 
Property Plant and Equipment
    17,581       12,655  
Development Costs
     99,805       156,648  
Acquired Publishing Content    
nil 
      53,003   
      117,386       222,306  
 
Amortization expense includes amortization of property and equipment, development costs and acquired publishing content. The amortization charge for 2007 was $117,386 (2006 - - $222,306). This represents a significant decrease over 2006 due to reduced carrying values of development costs.
 
40


Stock-Based Compensation

The Company amortizes stock-based compensation with a corresponding increase to the contributed surplus account. During 2007, the Company expensed $156,395 compared to $193,819 during 2006.
  
Net Loss
 
The Company reported a net loss of ($925,040) for fiscal 2007 as compared to a net loss of ($748,924) for fiscal 2006. The Company reported taxes paid of $38,895 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 compared to taxes paid of $112,895 for fiscal 2006.

Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2006 vs. Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2005

Revenue and Margin

Lingo Media earned revenues in China and Canada as follows:

   
English
Language
Learning
(China)
   
Early
Childhood
Development
(Canada)
   
 
 
Total
 
Revenue
  $ 894,073     $ 680,264     $ 1,574,337  
Cost of Sales
    132,968       186,309       319,277  
Margin
  $ 761,105     $ 493,955     $ 1,255,060  

Revenues from China for the year ended December 31, 2006 were $894,073 compared to $888,545 for 2005. The Company continues to advance its relationship with PEP and has developed new programs to maintain and increase its royalty revenue.

In July 2006, the Company entered into a publishing agreement with Yilin Press to co-publish a Vocational English For College program in China.  In addition, the Company developed a new educational program – Lingo Kindergarten English – aimed at China’s vast pre-school market.

Lingo Media expanded its in-house product development team with the appointment of Suzanne Robare as its Managing Editor in order to develop new English language learning programs.  The Company has also appointed Jenny Bao as Director of Marketing to enhance its relationships with existing customers and to secure new business.

In 2006, Lingo Media expanded into early childhood development sector through the acquisition of A+ effective October 1, 2006.  Revenues and expenses of A+ for the period from October 1, 2006 to December 31, 2006 are included in the consolidated statements of  operations of the Company.   A+ had reported revenues of $3.1 million in 2006, of which $685,521 have been recognized as revenue and included in the operations of Lingo Media for the period from October 1, 2006 to December 31, 2006..  A+ derives revenues from publishing and distribution of educational materials aimed at the early childhood market.  A+ has developed a successful and proprietary curriculum for parents to use with their children based on the latest neuroscience research. To date, A+ has focused its marketing efforts only in Canada. With Lingo Media’s established operations in Beijing, A+ will introduce its learning system and products to parents of pre-school children across China. Future plans also include an expansion of A+’ markets to the United States and Latin America.
 
41


The Company had no unearned revenues as at December 31, 2006.

General and Administrative

General and administrative costs consist of executive compensation, consulting fees, office administration, rent, marketing, professional fees, shareholders services, any foreign exchange losses or gains and government grants which are offset against the general and administration expenses incurred during the period.

The following sets out the details for the general and administrative expenses for 2006 as compared to 2005:

General and administrative expenses were $1,417,867 during fiscal 2006 as compared to $855,118 for fiscal 2005. Overall, general and administrative expenses increased due to the acquisition and consolidation of A+ operations into the financials of Lingo Media for the last quarter of 2006.  Below is the detailed analysis of general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2006:
 
   
Early
    English           English   
    Childhood     Language            Language  
    Development     Learning     Total      Learning  
 
        2006           2005  
Advertising and promotion     -       42,127       42,127       26,788  
Selling expenses     322,676              322,676         
Executive compensation     64,000       147,291       211,291       176,383  
Consulting fees and employee compensation     39,374       442,669       482,043       472,300  
Travel     21,230       51,473       72,703      
76,630
 
Administrative     58,021       112,887       170,908       110,818  
Premises     42,717       109,663       152,380       83,915  
Equipment leases     1,824       12,197       14,021       10,318  
Foreign exchange     -       6,690       6,690       18,373  
Shareholder services     -       45,985       45,985       40,743,  
Professional fees     22,500       56,843       79,343       58,622  
      572,342       1,027,825       1,600,167       1,074,890  
Grants     -       (182,300 )     (182,300 )     (219,772 )
Total     572,342       845,525       1,417,867       855,118  
 
Government Grants
The Company makes applications to the Canadian government for various types of grants to support its publishing and international marketing activities.   Each year, the amount of any grant may vary depending on certain eligibility criteria (including prior year revenues) and the monies available to the pool of eligible candidates.

These government grants are recorded as a reduction of general and administrative expenses to offset direct costs funded by the grant. The Company records a liability for the repayment of the grants in the period in which conditions arise that will cause the government grant to be repayable.  Certain government grants are repayable in the event that the Company's annual net income for each of the previous two years exceeds 15% of revenue. During the year, the conditions for the repayment of grants did not arise and no liability was recorded. Included as a reduction of general and administrative expenses, are government grants of $182,300 for fiscal 2006 (2005 – $219,772), relating to the Company's publishing projects in China.  While the Company will continue to apply for various government grants to fund its ongoing development and market expansion, there can be no assurance the Company will be successful in obtaining these grants in the future, that the Company will meet the eligibility requirements for the grants or that the programs will still be offered for qualifying companies.

Foreign Exchange
 
Included in general and administrative expenses is a foreign exchange loss of approximately $6,690 (2005 - $18,373), relating to the Company's currency risk through its activities denominated in foreign currencies as the Company is exposed to foreign exchange risk as a substantial portion of its revenue is denominated in US dollars and Chinese Renminbi.

Interest on Debt
 
During the year the Company had loans payable bearing interest at 12 % (2005 - 12%) per annum.  Interest expense related to these loans for the year is $21,766 (2005 - $11,767).  At December 31, 2006, $347,541 (2005 - $101,929) was due to those lenders.
 
42

 
In addition, the Company has revolving lines of credit bearing interest at prime plus 2% and 2.5%.   These bank facilities are supported by general security agreements, a short term investment and a charge against the Company’s accounts receivable and inventory.  Interest expense paid on the loan for the year is $36,897 (2005: $7,609). The outstanding balance of these loans at year end was $485,000.
 
Premiums paid on the Export Development Corporation insurance policy were $13,755 for the year.

Amortization

The following is a summary amortization schedule:

   
2006
   
2005
 
Property Plant and Equipment
    12,655       12,278  
Development Costs
    156,648       184,797  
Acquired Publishing Content
    53,003       70,670  
      222,306       267,745  
 
Amortization expense includes amortization of property and equipment, development costs and acquired publishing content. The amortization charge for 2006 was $222,306 (2005 - - $267,745). This represents a significant decrease over 2005 due to reduced carrying values of development costs.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company amortizes stock-based compensation with a corresponding increase to the contributed surplus account. During 2006, the Company expensed $193,819 compared to $214,337 during 2005.

Net Loss

The Company reported a net loss of ($748,924) for fiscal 2006 as compared to a net loss of ($725,732) for fiscal 2005. The Company reported taxes paid of $112,895 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 compared to taxes paid of $128,839 for fiscal 2005.
 
43

 
5.B Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2008

As at March 31, 2008, the Company had cash on hand of $171,475 (Q1-2007 - $(16,701)), short term investment of $150,000 and accounts and grants receivable of $697,017 (Q1-2007 - $251,805). The Company’s total current assets amounted to $1,267,742 (Q1-2007 - $933,049) with current liabilities of $1,645,075 (Q1-2007 - $1,333,852) resulting in a working capital deficiency of $377,333 (Q1-2007 - working capital of $400,803).

During the course of Q1-2008, the Company received $3,017 through the exercise of stock options. The Company secured additional loans in the amount of $43,833.  As at March 31, 2008, the company had one line of credit with a balance outstanding of $190,000. The bank facility is secured by a General Security Agreement and the short-term investment of $150,000.

The Company receives government grants based on certain eligibility criteria for international marketing support and publishing industry development in Canada. These government grants are recorded as a reduction of general and administrative expenses to offset direct costs funded by the grant.  The Company receives these grants throughout the quarter from different agencies and government programs.   Each grant is applied for separately based on the Company either meeting certain eligibility requirements.  The Company has relied on obtaining these grants for its operations and has been successful at securing them in the past but it cannot be assured of obtaining these grants in the future.

Government grants received during Q1-2008 were $27,556 compared to $28,750 in Q1-2007.
 
The terms of the $190,000 revolving line of credit require that certain measurable covenants be met. As at March 31, 2008, the Company was in violation of certain covenants. As the line of credit is currently presented as a current liability no additional adjustment is required.
 
The Company plans on raising additional equity through private placements, as the capital markets permit, in an effort to finance its growth plans in addition to finance ongoing working capital needs resulting therefrom.  The Company has been successful in raising sufficient working capital in the past.
 
44


Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2007

As at December 31, 2007, the Company had cash on hand of $343,338 (2006 - $73,169), short term investment of $150,000 and accounts and grants receivable of $1,110,151 (2006 - $304,924). The Company’s total current assets amounted to $1,856,681 (2006 - $812,942) with current liabilities of $1,508,698 (2006 - $1,160,069) resulting in a working capital surplus of $576,657 (2006 - working capital deficiency of $347,127).

During the course of 2007, the Company received $775,000 through the exercise of stock options. The Company secured loans  in the amount of $84,164 and it repaid $nil of these loans in 2007, $340,000 of the loan proceeds were used to fund the cash portion of the A+ acquisition. As at December 31, 2007, the Company had one line of credit with a balance outstanding of $230,000. The bank facility is secured by a General Security Agreement and the short-term investment of $150,000.

The terms of the revolving lines of credit require the Company to maintain certain measurable covenants such as current ratio, debt to equity ratio and tangible net worth.  As at December 31, 2007, the Company was in violation of all these covenants. Financial statements reflect these facilities as current liability. The Company plans to partially repay and reduce the facilities to an acceptable amount funded through an equity financing.

The Company receives government grants based on certain eligibility criteria for international marketing support and publishing industry development in Canada. These government grants are recorded as a reduction of general and administrative expenses to offset direct costs funded by the grant.  The Company receives these grants throughout the year from different agencies and government programs.   Each grant is applied for separately based on the Company either meeting certain eligibility requirements.  The Company has relied on obtaining these grants for its operations and has been successful at securing them in the past but it cannot be assured of obtaining these grants in the future.

Government grants received during 2007 were $164,545 compared to $182,300 in 2006.  This represents a significant portion of the Company’s sources of funds.

The terms of the $230,000 revolving line of credit require that certain measurable covenants be met.  As at December 31, 2007, the Company was in violation of certain covenants, for which the lender subsequently provided a written waiver stating that it will not demand repayment until April 30, 2008.  As the lines of credit are currently presented as a current liability no additional adjustment is required.

The Company plans on raising additional equity through private placements, as the capital markets permit, in an effort to finance its growth plans in addition to finance ongoing working capital needs resulting therefrom.  The Company has been successful in raising sufficient working capital in the past.
 
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2006

As at December 31, 2006, the Company had cash on hand of $73,169 (2005 - $144,337), short term investment of $150,000 and accounts and grants receivable of $304,924 (2005 - $488,303). The Company’s total current assets amounted to $812,942 (2005 - - $801,072) with current liabilities of $1,160,069 (2005 - $523,320) resulting in a working capital deficiency of $347,127 (2005 - working capital of $277,752).
 
45


During the course of 2006, the Company received $66,679 through the exercise of stock options. The Company secured loans  in the amount of $711,500 and it repaid $465,887 of these loans in 2006, $340,000 of the loan proceeds were used to fund the cash portion of the A+ acquisition. As at December 31, 2006, the company had two lines of credit with a balance outstanding of $485,000. First bank facility is secured by the accounts receivable from China, which in turn are insured by the Export Development Corporation. Second bank facility is secured by a General Security Agreement and the short-term investment of $150,000.

The Company receives government grants based on certain eligibility criteria for international marketing support and publishing industry development in Canada. These government grants are recorded as a reduction of general and administrative expenses to offset direct costs funded by the grant.  The Company receives these grants throughout the year from different agencies and government programs.   Each grant is applied for separately based on the Company either meeting certain eligibility requirements.  The Company has relied on obtaining these grants for its operations and has been successful at securing them in the past but it cannot be assured of obtaining these grants in the future.

Government grants received during 2006 were $182,300 compared to $219,772 in 2005.  This represents a significant portion of the Company’s sources of funds.

The Company plans on raising additional equity through private placements, as the capital markets permit, in an effort to finance its growth plans in addition to finance ongoing working capital needs resulting therefrom.  The Company has been successful in raising sufficient working capital in the past.

Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2005

As at December 31, 2005, the Company had cash on hand of $144,337 (2004 - $29,791) and accounts receivable of $488,303 (2004 - $562,558). The Company’s total current assets amounted to $801,072 (2004 - $749,473) with current liabilities of $523,320 (2004 - $478,488) resulting in a working capital surplus of $277,752 (2004 - $270,985).

During the year, the Company was successful in raising $735,000 via a non-brokered private placement.  The funds were used to advance working capital to Sanlong in China, for investigation and due diligence of joint ventures opportunities in China and Mexico and for general working capital.  During the course of the year, the Company was able to source $10,800 in funds by the exercise of stock options. It secured an additional third party loan in the amount of $50,279 and it drew down another $20,000 from its $150,000 available line of credit (bringing the total drawdown to $110,000).  The shareholder’s loan was partially repaid by an amount of $26,113 with $51,649 still outstanding.  The line of credit is secured by the accounts receivable from China, which are in turn insured by the Export Development Corporation.

The Company receives government grants based on certain eligibility criteria for international marketing support and publishing industry development in Canada. These government grants are recorded as a reduction of general and administrative expenses to offset direct costs funded by the grant.  The Company receives these grants throughout the year from different agencies and government programs.   Each grant is applied for separately based on the Company either meeting certain eligibility requirements or by the Company achieving specific milestones to continue ongoing support for the specific project, the proceeds of which are used to develop new or ongoing English learning programs for its markets.  The Company has relied on obtaining these grants for its operations and has been successful at securing them in the past but it cannot be assured of its future success in obtaining these grants in the future.
 
46


Government grants received during 2005 were $219,772 compared to $261,269 in 2004.  This represents a significant portion of the Company’s sources of funds.

During 2004, the Chinese State Ministry of Education (“MOE”) mandated PEP to increase its market share by shifting its sales from Finished Product Sales to Licensing Sales.  As a result of this new MOE stance, PEP had significantly reduced the size of its print runs for Finished Product Sales in 2004 and is now focusing on Licensing Sales.  This shift in product mix had a significant impact on the overall revenues and a decrease in cash flows from operations from China during 2004.

Although revenues from China during 2004 were significantly reduced compared to 2003, the Company’s 2005 Chinese revenues steadily increased back to its 2003 levels as the MOE’s mandate is in full force.   The Company has instituted budgetary measures aimed at ensuring that its core operation has sufficient funds to sustain itself for the next 12 months.  Nonetheless, the Company plans on raising additional equity through private placements, as the capital markets permit, in an effort to finance its growth plans as well as to finance ongoing working capital needs resulting therefrom.  The Company has been successful in raising sufficient working capital.

Reconciliation of Canadian and United States generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"):

Development Costs

Under Canadian GAAP, the Company defers the incremental costs relating to the development of and the pre-operating phases of new businesses and established business and amortizes these costs on a straight-line basis over periods up to five years.  Under United States GAAP, incremental costs related to development of and the pre-operating plan of a new business are expensed as incurred but the incremental costs incurred for established businesses are capitalized and amortized over on a straight line basis over periods up to five years.

Under United States GAAP, the amounts shown on the consolidated balance sheets for development costs would be $222,303.

Statement of comprehensive income
 
Statement No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income ("SFAS 130"), establishes standards for the reporting and disclosure of comprehensive income and its components in financial statements.  Components of comprehensive income or loss include net income or loss and all other changes in other non-owner changes in equity, such as the change in the cumulative translation adjustment and the unrealized gain or loss for the year on "available-for-sale" securities.  For all periods presented, comprehensive loss is the same as loss for the year under US GAAP.
 
47

 
Options to consultants
 
Starting January 1, 2004 under United States and Canadian GAAP, the Company records compensation expense based on the fair value for stock or stock options granted in exchange for services from consultants and employees. Before January 1, 2003, for the options issued and vested to employees the Company did not recognize a compensation expense under Canadian GAAP but recorded a compensation expense under US GAAP and Canadian GAAP for the options issued to consultants.

Calculation of Loss for the Year

The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") as applied in Canada.  In the following respects, GAAP as applied in the United States differs from that applied in Canada.

If United States GAAP were employed, the loss in each year would be adjusted as follows:

Expressed in Canadian Dollars
 
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
 
Income (loss) for the year, Canadian GAAP
  $ (925,040 )   $ (748,924 )   $ (725,732 )
 
Impact of US GAAP and adjustments:
                       
Amortization of development costs
    99,805       156,648       133,290  
Amortization of software development costs
    (452,709 )     -       -  
                         
Share issue costs
    -       -       -  
Effect of change in accounting policy
    -       -       -  
Deferred Costs
    -       (40,316 )     (117,102 )
Income (loss) for the year, US GAAP
  $ (1,277,944 )   $ (632,592 )   $ (709,544 )
 
The consolidated interim financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 are prepared in accordance with GAAP as applied in Canada.  In the following respects, GAAP as applied in the United States differs from that applied in Canada:

Expressed in Canadian Dollars
 
   
March 2008
   
March 2007
 
Income (loss) for the year, Canadian GAAP
  $ (481,108 )   $ (309,674 )
Impact of US GAAP and adjustments:
               
Amortization of development costs
    23,932       16,598  
Software development costs
    (274,039 )     -  
Income (loss) for the year, US GAAP
  $ (731,216 )   $ (293,076 )
 
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Calculation of Earnings Per Share:

Under both US and Canadian GAAP, basic earnings per share are computed by dividing the net income for the year available to common shareholders, as measured by the respective accounting principles (numerator), by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during that year (denominator).  Basic earnings per share exclude the dilutive effect of potential common shares.

Diluted earnings per share under Canadian GAAP and US GAAP give effect to all potential common shares outstanding during the year. Potential common shares consist of the incremental common shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options using the treasury stock method.

The following table reconciles the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted earnings per share under U.S. GAAP as required by SFAS 128:

Expressed in Canadian Dollars
 
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
 
numerator for basic and diluted income (loss) per share:
                 
Income (loss) – US GAAP
  $ (1,277,944 )   $ (632,592 )   $ (709,544 )
Denominator for basic and diluted (loss) per share:
                       
Weighted average common shares
    5,655,792       4,060,331       3,530,231  
Basic and diluted loss per share – US GAAP
  $ (0.23 )   $ (0.16 )   $ (0.20 )
 
5.E Research and Development

During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, the Company expended $4,212,564 and $500,727 on research and development, under the categories of “development costs”, “software and web development costs” and “deferred costs”.  These expenditures in 2007 were primarily directed at developing the Speak2Me products for the China market.
 
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5.F Trend Information

Lingo Media believes that the trend in English language learning in China is strong and growing.  The State Ministry of Education in China (“MOE”) is expanding its mandate for the teaching of English learning programs to students.    Although the outlook for learning English in China remains positive, there can be no assurance that this trend will continue or that the Company will benefit from this trend.
 
In Canada, pre-school supplemental education market remains strong, there can be no assurance that this trend will continue or that the Company will benefit from this trend.

5.F Tabular disclosure of contractual obligations

Our obligations as of March 31, 2008, were as follows:
Expressed in Canadian Dollars

Obligation
Expiring
 
Balance
 
Equipment Lease
April 29, 2009
  $ 32,789  
Rent in China
November 14, 2008
  $ 34,800  
Rent in Canada
December 31, 2011
  $ 825,003  
Revolving Line of Credit
On Demand
  $ 230,000  
Loan Payable
On Demand
  $ 228,674  
Loan Payable
April 30, 2009
  $ 203,031  

ITEM 6.  DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT, AND EMPLOYEES

6.A.  Directors and Senior Management

Table No. 6
Directors and Senior Management
July 15, 2008
 
     
Date of
 
   
First
     
Election or
Name
Position
Age
Appointment
Michael P. Kraft
President/CEO/Director
45
November 1996
Khurram R. Qureshi
CFO/Secretary/Treasurer
45
April 1997
Scott Remborg
Director
59
July 2000
John P. Schram
Director
65
June 2004
Nereida Flannery
Director
37
June 2005
Terry Pallier
Director
41
October 2007
Sanjay Joshi
Director
36
October 2007
Anthony Lacavera
Director
34
April 2008
 
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Michael P. Kraft is the President & Chief Executive Officer of the Company since its inception in 1996. Mr. Kraft is also the Chairman of Buckingham Group Limited, a private merchant banking corporation and President of MPK Inc., a private business consulting corporation to both private and public corporations since 1994. He is also a director of JM Capital Corp. since June 2006, Pioneering Technology Inc. since July 2006 and Grenville Gold Corporation since April 2007, TSX Venture listed companies.  Mr. Kraft received a Bachelor of Arts in Economics from York University in 1985.

Khurram R. Qureshi is the Chief Financial Officer of the Company since 1997.  Mr. Qureshi is also the Chief Financial Officer of Canadian Shield Resources Inc. since 1997 and a director since June 2004.  Mr. Qureshi received a Bachelor of Administrative Studies from York University in 1987 and received the Chartered Accountant designation in 1990. Mr. Qureshi is also a partner at Chaba Qureshi and Karnani, Professional Accountants.

Scott Remborg is an independent consultant in Information Technology and eCommerce.  From 2001 to 2003, he was General Manager, eBusiness, at Air Canada. From 1994 to 1999, Mr Remborg started up and led Sympatico, the largest Internet service and web portal in Canada.  Earlier in his career he held senior management positions at Reuters and I.P. Sharp Associates.  Mr Remborg has an MBA and was educated at the BI Norwegian School of Management in Oslo and the University of Alberta, Canada. 

John P. Schram is the President & Chief Executive Officer of We Care Health Services Inc., Canada’s largest national home health services company since 1999.  Mr. Schram has held the position of President & Chief Executive Officer in a number of Canadian and US educational publishing companies including Simon & Schuster from 1992 to 1996 and Prentice Hall Canada Limited from 1991 to 1992.  Mr. Schram received an Honours BA in Business Administration from Wilfred Laurier University in 1966.

Nereida Flannery is a Partner and was co-founder of  Beijing based The Balloch Group, one of China's premier Investment Banks.  The firm today has 60 employees and is involved with financing through public and private investments and M&A advisory.  She focused on the firm's M&A business in particular in natural resources and was responsible for heading teams that advised on some of China's most important overseas acquisitions of late.   With over 13 years experience in China, Ms. Flannery previously was  VP of business development at Alibaba.com in Shanghai and was the General Manager of the Canada China Business Counsel in China (CCBC).  Ms. Flannery has a degree in Political Science from Queen's University and speaks Chinese, Greek and French.
 
51

 
Terry Pallier is the co-founder and Chief Executive Officer of A+ Child Development (Canada) Ltd., a subsidiary of Lingo Media. He is also the president and co-founder of TJP Holdings Inc., a private holding company. Mr. Pallier attended the University of Alberta in the Faculty of Physical Education in 1988-89.

Sanjay Joshi is a partner with WeirFoulds LLP in Toronto and practices corporate and securities law, with an emphasis on financing transactions. He obtained his LL.B. degree from Queen's University in 1999. Mr. Joshi represents agents and issuers active in the Canadian and US public markets. He advises Canadian investment dealers, limited market dealers and merchant banks as well as listed issuers in the natural resource, new-media and telecommunications sectors. Mr. Joshi sits on the board, and is Chair of the Audit Committee, for numerous companies, both public and private. He is called to the Bar in Ontario and British Columbia.
 
Anthony Lacavera co-founded Globalive Communications Corp. in 1998, becoming President and Chief Executive Officer in 1999. Mr. Lacavera also serves as co-founder and Chairman of several of Globalive’s present and past portfolio companies, including Enunciate Conferencing, OneConnect Services, Cohere Conferencing, Cellwand Communications, and most recently as the initial director and principal executive officer of Yak Communications (NASDAQ: YAKC) acquired by Globalive in November 2006. Mr. Lacavera received a B.A.Sc. (Honours) in Computer Engineering from the University of Toronto in 1997.
 
The Directors have served in their respective capacities since their election and/or appointment and will serve until the next Annual General Meeting or until a successor is duly elected, unless the office is vacated in accordance with the Articles/By-Laws of the Company.

The Senior Management serves at the pleasure of the Board of Directors with management service contracts but without term of office, except as disclosed herein.

Despite the Company’s Executive Officers spending material portions of their time on businesses other than the Company, the Company believes that they devote sufficient time to the Company to properly carry out their duties.

No Director and/or Executive Officer has been the subject of any order, judgment, or decree of any governmental agency or administrator or of any court or competent jurisdiction, revoking or suspending for cause any license, permit or other authority of such person or of any corporation of which he is a Director and/or Executive Officer, to engage in the securities business or in the sale of a particular security or temporarily or permanently restraining or enjoining any such person or any corporation of which he is an officer or director from engaging in or continuing any conduct, practice, or employment in connection with the purchase or sale of securities, or convicting such person of any felony or misdemeanor involving a security or any aspect of the securities business or of theft or of any felony.

There are no arrangements or understandings between any two or more Directors or Executive Officers, pursuant to which he was selected as a Director or Executive Officer.  There are no family relationships between any two or more Directors or Executive Officers.
 
52


6.B.  Compensation

The table below sets forth information concerning the compensation paid, during each of the last three fiscal years (as applicable), to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and other Executive Officers of the Company and its subsidiaries who received total remuneration, determined on the basis of base salary and bonuses in excess of $100,000 during the last three fiscal years ended December 31 (the “Named Executive Officers”).

Summary Compensation Table
Expressed in Canadian Dollars
 
 
ANNUAL COMPENSATION
LONG-TERM COMPENSATION
 
         
Awards
Payouts
 
(NEO)
Name and
Principal
Position
Year
Salary
($)
Bonus
($)
Other
Annual
Compen-
sation (1)
($)
Securities
Under
Options/
SARs
Granted (2)
(#)
Restricted
Shares or
Restricted
Share
Units
($)
LTIP (3)
Payouts
($)
All Other
Compen-
sation
($)
Michael P. Kraft (4)
President & CEO
2007
2006
2005
120,000
122,500
123,489
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
142,857
Nil
295,000
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
36,750 (5)
Khurram R. Qureshi
Chief Financial Officer
2007
2006
2005
42,942
96,000
96,000
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
71,429
Nil
300,000
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil

Notes:
(1)
Perquisites and other personal benefits, securities or property that do not in the aggregate exceed the lesser of $50,000 and 10% of the total of the annual salary and bonus for any NEO for the financial year, if any, are not disclosed.
 
(2)
"SAR" or "stock appreciation right" means a right granted by the Company, as compensation for services rendered, to receive a payment of cash or an issue or transfer of securities based wholly or in part on changes in the trading price of publicly traded securities of the Company.
 
(3)
"LTIP" or "long term incentive plan" means any plan which provides compensation intended to serve as incentive for performance to occur over a period longer than one financial year, but does not include option or stock appreciation right plans or plans for compensation through restricted shares or restricted share units.
 
(4)  
Paid by Lingo Learning Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, to MPK Inc., a company controlled by Mr. Kraft.  See " Management Agreement".
 
(5)
Represents success fee.   See "Management Agreement".
 
53

 
Management Agreement The Company entered into a consulting agreement ("Consulting Agreement") dated as of October 18, 2007 with MPK Inc. pursuant to which the Company engaged MPK Inc. to provide the services of Michael P. Kraft (the "Consultant") to be the President & Chief Executive Officer of the Company.

The Consulting Agreement provides for an initial term of twenty-four (24) months to begin on January 1, 2008 and renewals for a further two (2) years unless terminated pursuant to the terms thereof.  The Consulting Agreement provides that the Company pay MPK Inc. $15,000 per month plus reimbursement for certain expenses properly incurred in connection with the Company.  In addition to providing an allowance for a health plan and life insurance policy, the Consulting Agreement also provides for an automobile allowance of $1,500 per month.

The Consultant may terminate the Consulting Agreement upon ninety (90) days written notice to the Company and the Company shall pay to the Consultant, all amounts due and owing up to the effective date of termination. The Consultant may also terminate the Consulting Agreement for the following reasons: (i) a material change in the position, duties and responsibilities of the Consultant; (ii) the Consultant ceases to be the most senior officer of the Company; (iii) any material reduction in the compensation payable to the Consultant in accordance with the terms of the Consulting Agreement; and (iv) the Company's head office being located more than 50 kilometres from its current location and the Consultant's current residence ("Good Cause"). If the Consultant terminates the Consulting Agreement for Good Cause the Company shall pay to the Consultant, all amounts due and owing up to the effective date of termination and a settlement amount equal to eighteen (18) months of compensation at the rate of compensation payable to the Consultant immediately prior to the effective date of termination
 
The Consulting Agreement may be terminated by the Company by giving written notice to the Consultant and the Company shall pay to the Consultant, all amounts due and owing up to the effective date of termination and a settlement amount equal to eighteen (18) months of compensation at the rate of compensation payable to the Consultant immediately prior to the effective date of termination.
 
In the event of a change of control, the Consultant may, for a period of six (6) months after the effective date of any such change of control, elect to terminate the Consulting Agreement with the Company upon eight weeks notice and the Company shall pay to the Consultant, all amounts due and owing up to the effective date of termination and a settlement amount equal to eighteen (18) months of compensation at the rate of compensation payable to the Consultant immediately prior to the effective date of termination by voluntary resignation.  In the event of a change of control and if the Company terminates the Consultant without cause, the settlement amount shall be equal to twenty four (24) months of compensation at the rate of compensation payable to the Consultant immediately prior to the effective date of termination.
 
The Consultant is subject to a 18 month non-complete period following the termination of the Consulting Agreement. MPK Inc. is a corporation controlled by Michael P. Kraft, the President & Chief Executive Officer of the Company.

Stock Options.  The Company grants stock options to Directors, Senior Management and employees; refer to ITEM #6.E., "Share Ownership, Stock Options”.

Director Compensation.  The non-management directors of the Company are entitled to receive a fee of $250 for each board meeting and for each committee meeting attended. Directors are entitled to reimbursement for reasonable travel and other out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attendance at meetings of the Board of Directors.  The Board of Directors may award special remuneration to any Director undertaking any special services on behalf of the Company other than services ordinarily required of a Director.  Other than indicated below no Director received any compensation for his services as a Director, including committee participation and/or special assignments.

Change of Control Remuneration.  The Company has no plans or arrangements in respect of remuneration received or that may be received by Executive Officers of the Company in Fiscal 2006 to compensate such officers in the event of termination of employment (as a result of resignation, retirement, change of control) or a change of responsibilities following a change of control, where the value of such compensation exceeds US$60,000 per Executive Officer.
 
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Other Compensation.  No Executive Officer/Director received “other compensation” in excess of the lesser of US$25,000 or 10% of such officer's cash compensation, and all Executive Officers/Directors as a group did not receive other compensation which exceeded US$25,000 times the number of persons in the group or 10% of the compensation.

Bonus/Profit Sharing/Non-Cash Compensation.  Except for the stock option program discussed in ITEM #6.E., the Company has no material bonus or profit sharing plans pursuant to which cash or non-cash compensation is or may be paid to the Company's Directors or Executive Officers.

Pension/Retirement Benefits.  No funds were set aside or accrued by the Company during Fiscal 2007 to provide pension, retirement or similar benefits for Directors or Executive Officers.
 
6.C.  Board Practices

6.C.1.  Terms of Office.

The Directors have served in their respective capacities since their election and/or appointment and will serve until the next Annual General Meeting or until a successor is duly elected, unless the office is vacated in accordance with the Articles/By-Laws of the Company.

The Senior Management serves at the pleasure of the Board of Directors with management service contracts but without term of office, except as disclosed herein.

6.C.2. Termination benefits

Not applicable

6.C.3.  Board of Director Committees.

The Company has two committees: Audit Committee and Compensation Committee.

The Audit Committee recommends to the Board of Directors the engagement of the independent auditors of the Company and reviews with the independent auditors the scope and results of the Company’s audits, the Company’s internal accounting controls, and the professional services furnished by the independent auditors to the Company.  The current members of the Audit Committee are: Scott Remborg, Michael P. Kraft and Sanjay Joshi.

The Compensation Committee establishes and modifies compensation and incentive plans and programs, and reviews and approves compensation and awards under compensation and incentive plans and programs for elected officers of the Company. The current members of the Compensation Committee are: Scott Remborg, Nereida Flannery and John Schram.

6.E.  Share Ownership

Table No. 7 lists, as of June 30, 2008, Directors and Executive Officers who beneficially own the Company's voting securities and the amount of the Company's voting securities owned by the Directors and Executive Officers as a group.  Table No. 7 includes all persons/companies where the Company is aware that they have 5% or greater beneficial interest in the Company’s securities.
 
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Table No. 7
Shareholdings of Directors and Executive Officers
Shareholdings of 5% Shareholders
 
Title
Name of
Amount and Nature
Percent
of
Beneficial
of Beneficial
of
Class
Owner
Ownership (1)
Class
Common
Michael P. Kraft (2)
1,450,102(5)
15.13%
Common
Scott Remborg (2)(3)(4)
154,372(6)
1.61%
Common
Khurram Qureshi (10)
128,990
1.34%
Common
John Schram(3)(4)
10,714 (8)
*
Common
Nereida Flannery(3)
[nil] (7)
*
Common
Terry Pallier
144,107 (9)
1.50%
Common
Sanjay Joshi (2)(4)
[nil] (10)
*
Common
Anthony Lacavera
282,220 (11)
2.94%
Directors/Officers as a group (8 persons)
 
2,170,505
22.64%
 
*  Less than 1%.
 
(1)  
The information as to voting securities beneficially owned, controlled or directed, not being within the knowledge of the Company, has been furnished by the respective nominees individually.
 
(2)  
Member of the Audit Committee.
 
(3)  
Member of the Compensation Committee.
 
(4)  
Member of the Corporate Governance Committee.
 
(5)  
Of such shares, 427,043 are held by a wholly owned company of his wife, 76,808 are held in his wife's RRSP, 23,184 are held in his children's names, 57,736 are held in Mr. Kraft's RRSP, and 865,331 are held by Buckingham Group Limited., a company controlled by Mr. Kraft.  Mr. Kraft also holds options to purchase up to an additional 195,715 common shares of the Company.
 
(6)  
Of such shares, 3,428 are held in Mr. Remborg's RRSP account. Mr. Remborg also holds options to purchase up to an additional 42,857 common shares of the Company.
 
(7)  
Ms. Flannery also holds options to purchase up to an additional 32,143 common shares of the Company.
 
(8)  
Mr. Schram also holds options to purchase up to an additional 42,857 common shares of the Company.
 
(9)  
Mr. Pallier holds his shares in a  wholly-owned holding company called TJP Holdings Inc.
 
(10)  
Of such shares, 38,606 shares are held in his wife’s RRSP, 9,819 in his wife’s name and 7,750 are held in Mr. Qureshi’s RRSP.  Mr. Qureshi also holds options to purchase up to an additional 54,486 common shares of the Company.
 
(11)  
Of such shares, 274,820 shares are held in 425243Ontario Inc. and 7,400 in AAL Telecom Holdings Inc., both wholly owned holding companies of Mr. Lacavera.  425243 Ontario Inc. also holds 30,125 warrants to purchase up to an additional 30,125 common shares in the Company.
 
56

 
Stock Options

TSX Venture Exchange Rules and Policies

The terms and conditions of incentive options granted by the Company are done in accordance with the rules and policies of the TSX Venture Exchange ("TSX VEN"), including the number of common shares under option, the exercise price and expiration date of such options, and any amendments thereto.

Such “terms and conditions”, including the pricing of the options, expiration and the eligibility of personnel for such stock options; are described below.

The TSX VEN policy in respect of incentive stock options provides that shareholder approval is not required if the aggregate number of common shares that may be reserved for issuance pursuant to incentive stock options does not exceed 10% of the issued common shares of the Company, 5% to any one individual and 2% to any consultant at the time of granting.

Shareholder approval of the grant of incentive stock options is required pursuant to the rules of the TSX VEN where the grant will result in the Company having options outstanding which, in aggregate, are exercisable to acquire over 10% (to a maximum of 20%) of the outstanding common shares of the Company.

In addition, disinterested shareholders (all shareholders excluding insiders and associates of insiders) approval is required pursuant to the rules of the TSX VEN where:

(a) grant of incentive stock options could result at any time in:
 
   (i)  the Company having options outstanding to insiders which, in aggregate, are exercisable to acquire over 20% of the outstanding common shares of the Company; or
   
   (ii)  the issuance to insiders, within a one year period, of common shares which, in aggregate, exceed 10% of the outstanding common shares of the Company; or
   
   (iii) the issuance to any one insider and such insider's associates, within a one year period, of common shares which, in aggregate, exceed 5% of the outstanding common shares of the Company; or
   
   (iv) the issuance to any consultant of common shares which, in aggregate, exceed 2% of the outstanding common shares of the Company; or
 
(b) the Company is proposing to decrease the exercise price of stock options held by any insiders.

Company Stock Option Plan
 
A new stock option plan (the "2005 Plan") was adopted by the board of directors in May 30, 2005 and approved by the shareholders of the Company at the annual and special Meeting of shareholders on June 30, 2005 to encourage ownership of common shares by directors, officers, employees and consultants of the Company. The number of shares which may be reserved for issuance under the 2005 Plan is limited to 5,421,342 common shares, representing approximately 20% of the issued and outstanding common shares of the Company as at June 30, 2005, less the number of shares reserved for issuance pursuant to options previously granted.
 
57


Options may be granted under the 2005 Plan only to directors, officers, employees, consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries and personal holding corporations controlled by a director or officer of the Company and its subsidiaries as designated from time to time by the board of directors of the Company.  The maximum number of common shares which may be reserved for issuance to any one person under the 2005 Plan is 5% of the common shares outstanding at the time of the grant (calculated on a non-diluted basis) less the number of shares reserved for issuance to such person under any option to purchase common shares granted as a compensation or incentive mechanism.  Any shares subject to an option granted under the 2005 Plan that for any reason is cancelled or terminated prior to exercise will be available for a subsequent grant under the 2005 Plan.  The option price of any common shares cannot be less than the closing price of the shares on the day immediately preceding the day upon which the option is granted less any permitted discount.  Options granted under the 2005 Plan may be exercised during a period not exceeding five years, subject to earlier termination upon the termination of the optionee's employment, upon the optionee ceasing to be an employee, officer, director or consultant of the Company or an of its subsidiaries, as applicable, or upon the optionee retiring, becoming permanently disabled or dying.  Options granted to optionees vest over an 18 month period with no greater than 16.67% of any options granted to an optionee vesting in any three month period or such longer period as the board may determine.  The options under the 2005 Plan are non-transferable.  The 2005 Plan contains provisions for adjustment in the number of shares issuable thereunder in the event of a subdivision, consolidation, reclassification or change of the common shares, a merger or other relevant changes in the Company's capitalization.

The 2005 Plan provides that the Company may provide financial assistance in respect of options granted under the 2005 Plan by means of loans to optionees.  Under the terms of the 2005 Plan, the Company may, but is not obligated to, loan to an optionee the funds required to exercise any particular option.  The 2005 Plan provides that any such loan will be for a term not exceeding 10 years and will be non-interest bearing.  Any such loan will be repayable at maturity or upon the death of the optionee or earlier in certain other circumstances.  Any loans made under the 2005 Plan are to be secured by a pledge of the shares acquired upon the exercise of the option exercised being funded to a trustee for such purposes.  In the event that any loan amount is not fully repaid when due the trustee holding the pledged shares is entitled to realize on the shares being held by it as security for the loan.  Loans made under the 2005 Plan are made on a full recourse basis.  The 2005 Plan provides that any shares acquired pursuant to loans made under the 2005 Plan may be sold by the optionee from time to time provided that an amount equal to the aggregate option exercise price or the balance of the loan is applied in repayment of the loan.  Any financial assistance so provided under the 2005 Plan will be subject to and made in accordance with all applicable laws and regulatory policies at the time of making the loan.

On July 5, 2006 and October 5, 2007, the Company's shareholders ratified and approved an increase in the number of common shares eligible to be issued under the Company's 2005 Plan to approximately 20% of the issued and outstanding common shares as at the date of the respective shareholders meetings.  Currently the 2005 Plan provides that the maximum aggregate number of shares reserved for issuance and which could be purchased upon the exercise of all options granted thereunder could not exceed 6,558,820, which number represented approximately 20% of the 32,794,102 issued and outstanding as at the Company’s last Annual and Special Meeting held on October 5, 2007 (“2007 Shareholder’s Meeting”).  

At the 2007 Shareholder’s Meeting, the Company's shareholders also approved a consolidation of the Company's issued share capital on the basis of one (1) new for seven (7) old common shares (the "Consolidation"). As a result, the number of common shares eligible to be issued under the Company's 2005 Plan was also reduced on a one (1) for seven (7) basis.

Currently, the 2005 Plan provides that the maximum aggregate number of shares reserved for issuance and which could be purchased upon the exercise of all options granted thereunder could not exceed 936,974, which number represents approximately 20% of the issued and outstanding common shares of the Company after giving affect to the Consolidation.

As of the date hereof, options to purchase an aggregate of 908,833 common shares are outstanding under the 2005 Plan.
 
58

 
The names and titles of the Directors/Executive Officers of the Company to whom outstanding stock options have been granted and the number of common shares subject to such options are set forth in the Table below as of July 15, 2008, as well as the number of options granted to Directors and officers as a group.

Stock Options Outstanding
Expressed in Canadian Dollars
 
Name
Common
Stock
Exercise
Price
Grant
Date
Expiration
Date
 John Schram
10,714
$1.33
10/5/04
10/5/09
 John Schram
10,714
$1.47
10/17/05
10/17/10
 John Schram
21,429
$0.84
5/22/07
5/22/12
 Khurram Qureshi
2,000
$1.33
10/5/04
10/5/09
 Khurram Qureshi
52,486
$0.70
2/14/07
2/14/12
 Michael Kraft
10,714
$1.33
10/5/04
10/5/09
 Michael Kraft
42,143
$1.33
1/14/05
1/14/10
 Michael Kraft
142,857
$0.70
2/14/07
2/14/12
 Nereida Flannery
10,714
$1.47
10/17/05
10/17/10
 Nereida Flannery
21,429
$0.84
5/22/07
5/22/12
 Scott Remborg
10,714
$1.33
10/5/04
10/5/09
 Scott Remborg
10,714
$1.47
10/17/05
10/17/10
 Scott Remborg
21,429
$0.84
5/22/07
5/22/12
         
Total Officers/Directors 723,119
     

ITEM 7.  MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

7.A.  Major Shareholders.

7.A.1.a.  Holdings By Major Shareholders.

Refer to ITEM #6.E. and Table No. 7. Other than those shareholders set forth in Table No.7, there are no shareholders who hold more than 5% of the Company's shares.

7.A.1.b.  Significant Changes in Major Shareholders’ Holdings.

The participation in private placements of equity by the Company and exercise of stock options/share purchase warrants has lead over the last several years to some significant changes in the holdings of major shareholders; table reflects direct/indirect holdings of common shares, refer to Table No. 7 for additional information.
 
59

 
 
Shares
Shares
Shares      
Shares
 
Owned
Owned
Owned       
Owned
  12/31/2007
12/31/2006
12/31/2005
12/31/2004
Michael P. Kraft
1,450,102
495,450
356,523
298,665
 
7.A.2.  Canadian Share Ownership. On July 14, 2008, the Company’s registered shareholders’ list showed 10,015,595 common shares outstanding with 49 registered shareholders, with 9,460,866 owned by 40 shareholders residing in Canada, 14,714 shares owned by 4 registered shareholders in US and 540,015 shares owned by 5 foreign registered shareholders.
 
7.A.3.  Control of Company.  The Company is a publicly owned Canadian corporation, the shares of which are owned by U.S. residents, Canadian residents and other foreign residents.  The Company is not controlled by any foreign government or other person(s) except as described in ITEM #4.A., “History and Development of the Company”, and ITEM #6.E., “Share Ownership”.

7.B.  Related Party Transactions

Michael P. Kraft, President/CEO/Director
Mr. Kraft is compensated indirectly through MPK Inc., as discussed in ITEM #6.B.

Funds Owed to Officers/Directors
Officers/Directors have lent the Company funds during the last several years to alleviate the corporate need for working capital.  Principal owed totaled:
 
Expressed in Canadian Dollars
 
Name 12/31/2007
12/31/2006
12/31/2005
12/31/2004
Richard J.G. Boxer   
$nil
$nil
$51,649(1)
$77,762(1)
 (1)  867214 Ontario Ltd. a company controlled by Richard J.G. Boxer loaned funds to the Company.
 
Interest Payable to Officers/Directors

Officers/Directors have lent the Company funds during the last several years to alleviate the corporate need for working capital.  Officer/Director loans bear interest at 12% per annum interest payable totaled:

From June 2004 through November 2004, LMK Inc., a company controlled by the wife of Michael P. Kraft, MPK Inc., a company controlled by Michael P. Kraft, and 867214 Ontario Ltd., a company controlled by Richard J.G. Boxer, loaned the Company an aggregate of $265,000. These loans bore interest at 12% per annum.  At December 31, 2004, $ 77,762 was due to 867214 Ontario Ltd.  This loan was repaid in full during 2005.
 
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From January 2005 through February 2005, LMK Inc., a company controlled by the wife of Michael P. Kraft, MPK Inc., a company controlled by Michael P. Kraft, and 867214 Ontario Ltd., a company controlled by Richard J.G. Boxer, loaned the Company an aggregate of $223,500. These loans bore interest at 12% per annum.  These loans were repaid in full during 2006.

From January 2007 through May 2007, LMK Inc., a company controlled by the wife of Michael P. Kraft, MPK Inc., Ten-Grad Investments Limited, a company controlled by the father of Michael P. Kraft loaned the Company an aggregate of $202,000. These loans bore interest at 12% per annum.  At June 15, 2007, $202,000 was outstanding related to these loans.

On September 22, 2005 the TSX Venture Exchange approved a private placement of 3,675,000 units at a price of $0.20 per unit (the “Units”).  Each Unit consisted of one (1) common share and one-half of a share purchase warrant, each whole warrant entitled the holder to purchase an additional common share of the Company, at an exercise price of $0.40 per warrant share until September 20, 2006.  The only insiders who participated in this private placement were Michael P. Kraft, as to 495,000 Units; Khurram R. Qureshi, as to 175,000 Units; Daniel Wiseman, as to 150,000 Units; Imran Atique, as to 50,000 Units; John Booth, as to 250,000 Units; Jing Zhang, as to 50,000 Units; Nicolas Chapman, as to 185,000 Units; and Bailing Xia, as to 50,000 Units.

Other than as disclosed above, there have been no transactions since December 31, 2003, or proposed transactions, which have materially affected or will materially affect the Company in which any director, executive officer, or beneficial holder of more than 10% of the outstanding common stock, or any of their respective relatives, spouses, associates or affiliates has had or will have any direct or material indirect interest.  Management believes the transactions referenced above were on terms at least as favorable to the Company as the Company could have obtained from unaffiliated parties.

ITEM 8.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION

8.A.  Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information
The Company's financial statements are stated in Canadian Dollars (CDN$) and are prepared in accordance with Canadian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), the application of which, in the case of the Company, conforms in all material respects for the periods presented with United States GAAP, except as discussed in footnotes to the financial statements.

The financial statements as required under ITEM #17 are attached hereto and found immediately following the text of this Annual Report.  The audit reports of Mintz & Partners LLP, Chartered Accountants, are included herein immediately preceding the financial statements and schedules.

Audited Financial Statements for Fiscal 2007 and Fiscal 2006

Unaudited Financial Statements For Three months ended March 31, 2008 and March 31, 2007
 
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8.A.7.  Legal/Arbitration Proceedings

The Directors and the management of the Company do not know of any material, active or pending, legal proceedings against them; nor is the Company involved as a plaintiff in any material proceeding or pending litigation.

The Directors and the management of the Company know of no active or pending proceedings against anyone that might materially adversely affect an interest of the Company.

8.A.8 Company Policy on Dividend Distribution

The Company does not intend to pay dividends in cash or in kind in the foreseeable future. The Company expects to retain any earnings to finance the further growth of the Company. The directors of the Company will determine if and when dividends should be declared and paid in the future based upon the earnings and financial conditions of the Company at the relevant time and such other factors as the directors may deem relevant. All of the Common Shares of the Company are entitled to an equal share in any dividends declared and paid.

8.B.  Significant Changes

No significant change has occurred since the date of the annual financial statements, and/or since the date of the most recent interim financial statement.

ITEM 9.  THE OFFER AND LISTING

9.A.4.  Common Share Trading Information

The Company's common shares began trading on the Alberta Stock Exchange in Calgary, Alberta, Canada under its former name Alpha Ventures Inc. in November 1996.  The Alberta Stock Exchange was absorbed by the Canadian Venture Exchange, which was absorbed by the TSX Venture Exchange.  The Company’s listing was automatically transferred from the Alberta Stock Exchange to the TSX Venture Exchange “TSX VEN” as a Tier 2 company.  The current stock symbol on the TSX VEN is “LM”. The CUSIP number is 5357441065.

The TSX Venture Exchange (“Exchange”) currently classifies Issuers into different tiers based on standards, including historical financial performance, stage of development and financial resources of the Issuer at the time of listing.  Specific Minimum Listing Requirements for each industry segment in each of Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 have been established by the Exchange.

Policy 2.1 of the Exchange outlines the Minimum Listing Requirements for each industry segment in Tier 1 and Tier 2.  Under this policy, Lingo Media Inc. is a Tier 2 Issuer in the industry segment category of Junior Industrial.  Each industry segment is further divided into categories.  Quantitative minimum requirements for listing for the industry segment Junior Industrial and Tier 2 are provided in Section 4.3 of Exchange Policy 2.1.

Similarly, Policy 2.5 of the Exchange sets out the minimum standards to be met by Issuers to continue to qualify for listing in each Tier, referred to as Tier Maintenance Requirements (“TMR”).  A Tier 2 Issuer which fails to meet one of the Tier 2 TMR will not automatically be suspended or designated as “Inactive”.  The Exchange will provide notice of failure to meet one of the Tier 2 TMR and will allow the Issuer 6 months from the date of notice to meet the requirement, failing which the Exchange may designate the Issuer as Inactive.  If a Tier 2 Issuer fails to meet more than one Tier 2 TMR, notice will be given to the Issuer by the Exchange and if the requirements are not met within 90 days of the notice, the Exchange will designate the Issuer as Inactive and apply the restrictions on Inactive Issuers retroactively.  An Inactive Issuer may continue to trade on Tier 2 of the Exchange for 18 months from the date it is designated as Inactive.  If the Issuer does not meet all of the applicable Tier 2 TMR within that 18 month period, its listed shares may be suspended from trading by the Exchange.
 
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To maintain a listing as an active Tier 2 Issuer, an Issuer must meet all Tier 2 TMR for its industry segment as set out in Section 4 of the Exchange Policy 2.5.
 
The table No.9 lists the volume of trading and high, low and closing sales prices on the TSX Venture Exchange for the Company's common shares for: the last 12 months, the last twelve fiscal quarters; and the last five fiscal years.

Table No. 9
TSX Venture Exchange
 Common Shares Trading Activity
                              
  Sales-Canadian Dollars 
Period Ended Volume  High  Low  Close 
         
Monthly        
June 2008
185,323
1.97
1.70
1.85
May 2008
118,497
2.03
1.63
1.89
April 2008
238,481
2.20
1.62
2.00
March 2008
369,300
1.83
1.28
1.81
February 2008
59,000
1.29
1.10
1.29
January 2008
35,300
1.18
0.85
1.10
December 2007
20,500
1.23
0.91
1.19
November 2007
68,700
1.39
0.91
1.23
October 2007
72,357
1.50
1.19
1.36
September 2007
44,886
1.40
1.19
1.19
August 2007
265,000
1.40
1.05
1.40
July 2007
92,000
1.33
1.05
1.12
June 2007
6,457
1.19
0.91
1.05
 
Quarterly        
3/31/2008
463,600
1.83
0.85
1.81
12/31/2007
161,557
1.39
1.19
1.19
9/30/2007
401,886
1.40
1.05
1.19
6/30/2007
294,400
1.19
0.84
1.05
3/31/2007
72,291
1.155
0.63
0.875
12/31/2006
128,088
1.365
0.70
1.155
9/30/2006
123,945
1.47
0.84
1.365
6/30/2006
187,668
1.12
0.49
1.05
3/31/2006
226,664
1.33
0.77
1.05
12/31/2005
83,509
1.54
0.77
1.19
9/30/2005
216,388
1.855
0.77
1.575
6/30/2005
142,287
1.575
0.84
1.33
3/31/2005
255,582
2.275
1.26
1.26
12/31/2004
147,959
2.24
1.19
1.96
9/30/2004
128,796
1.75
1.12
1.33
6/30/2004
317,914
2.94
1.40
1.61
 
Yearly
       
12/31/2007
930,134
1.50
0.63
1.19
12/31/2006
666,365
1.47
0.49
1.155
12/31/2005
697,765
2.275
0.77
1.19
12/31/2004
1,497,789
2.03
1.89
1.96
12/31/2003
578,401
2.24
0.56
2.03
 
63

 
The Company's shares became quoted for trading on the NASD OTC Bulletin Board on January 22, 2004.

The table No.10 lists the volume of trading and high, low and closing sales prices on the NASD OTC Bulletin Board for the Company's common shares for the last 12 months, the last twelve fiscal quarters; and since commencement of trading.

Table No. 10
NASD OTC Bulletin Board
 Common Shares Trading Activity
 
 
Sales-US Dollars 
Period Ended Volume High Low Close
         
Monthly        
June 08
15,300
1.90
1.66
1.86
May 08
33,300
2.00
1.00
1.85
April 08
9,600
2.00
1.74
1.97
March 2008
85,300
1.79
1.02
1.79
February 2008
38,100
1.25
0.71
1.25
January 2008
20,800
1.21
0.84
1.09
December 2007
12,400
1.24
0.86
1.22
November 2007
17,300
1.40
0.21
1.24
October 2007
7,389
1.40
0.77
1.40
September 2007
4,757
1.40
0.77
1.33
August 2007
38,014
1.40
0.77
1.40
July 2007
20,123
1.19
0.84
1.19
 
Quarterly        
3/31/2008
144,200
1.79
0.71
1.79
12/31/2007
37,089
1.40
0.77
1.22
9/30/2007
62,944
1.40
0.77
1.33
6/30/2007
78,952
1.19
0.70
0.91
3/31/2007
47689
2.10
0.35
0.84
12/31/2006
76626
4.06
0.63
1.176
9/30/2006
128421
2.66
0.63
1.288
6/30/2006
143740
1.19
0.41
1.01
3/31/2006
144133
1.33
0.70
0.91
12/31/2005
12106
1.39
0.56
0.805
9/30/2005
36046
1.68
0.525
1.26
6/30/2005
65326
1.27
0.735
0.98
3/31/2005
62985
1.89
0.98
1.26
12/31/2004
11374
2.52
0.875
1.61
9/30/2004
37872
1.47
0.84
1.12
6/30/2004
166566
2.45
0.91
1.26
3/31/2004
330383
3.57
1.435
2.10
 
Yearly        
12/31/2007
245,718
1.40
0.21
1.22
12/31/2006
492,923
5.80
0.406
1.176
12/31/2005
219,321
1.89
0.525
0.805
12/31/2004
778,080
3.57
0.84
1.61
 
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The Company's common shares became quoted for trading on the Berlin-Bremen Stock Exchange on August 20, 2003.  No trades of the Company's common shares have taken place on the Berlin-Bremen Stock Exchange to this date.

9.A.5.  Common Share Description

Registrar/Common Shares Outstanding/Shareholders

The Company's common shares are issued in registered form and the following information is taken from the records of Computershare Trust Company of Canada (located in Calgary, Alberta, Canada), the registrar and transfer agent for the common shares.
 
On July 14, 2008, the registered shareholders' list for the Company's common shares showed 49 registered shareholders and 9,587,024 shares issued and outstanding. Four of these registered shareholders were U.S. residents owning 14,714 shares representing less than one percent of the issued and outstanding common shares.
 
Common Share Description
All of the authorized common shares of the Company are of the same class and, once issued, rank equally as to dividends, voting powers, and participation in assets.  Holders of common shares are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters to be acted upon by the shareholders.  Holders of common shares are entitled to receive such dividends as may be declared from time to time by the Board of Directors, in its discretion, out of funds legally available therefore.

Upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, holders of common stock are entitled to receive pro rata the assets of Company, if any, remaining after payments of all debts and liabilities.  No shares have been issued subject to call or assessment.  There are no pre-emptive or conversion rights and no provisions for redemption or purchase for cancellation, surrender, or sinking or purchase funds.
 
Provisions as to the modification, amendment or variation of such shareholder rights or provisions are contained in the Business Corporations Act (Ontario).  Unless the Business Corporations Act or the Company's Articles or Memorandum otherwise provide, any action to be taken by a resolution of the members may be taken by an ordinary resolution or by a vote of a majority or more of the shares represented at the shareholders' meeting.
 
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There are no restrictions on the repurchase or redemption of common shares of the Company while there is any arrearage in the payment of dividends or sinking fund installments.

Preference Share Description

The Company has not issued any preference shares.  The unlimited number of no-par preference shares designated in the Company's certificate of incorporation is "blank check" preference shares, which authorizes the board of directors to authorize and issue one or more series of preference shares with the designations, rights and preferences as determined, from time to time, by the board of directors.  The board of directors is authorized to make such designations without shareholder approval.

Share Purchase Warrants/Convertible Debenture

As of July 14, 2008, there were no warrants outstanding to purchase common shares of the Company.

9.C.  Stock Exchanges Identified

The common shares trade on the TSX Venture Exchange, NASD OTCBB and are quoted for trading on the Berlin-Bremen Stock Exchange. Refer to ITEM #9.A.4.

TEM 10.  ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

10.A.  Share Capital

10.A.1.  Authorized/Issued Capital.  As of December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, December 31, 2004, and December 31, 2003, the authorized capital of the Company was an unlimited number of common shares without par value and there were 9,582,262, 4,654,024, 3,982,110, 3,444,253, and 3,363,515 common shares issued and outstanding, respectively.

At the Annual and Special Meeting of shareholders held on October 5, 2007, the shareholders
of Lingo Media approved, by special resolution, the consolidation of all its common shares on a one-for-seven basis and the change of the Company's name to Lingo Media Corporation. The consolidation reduced the number of common shares outstanding of the Company to
5,113,443 common shares and 9,582,262 common shares post acquisition.
 
10.A.4.  Stock Options/Share Purchase Warrants

10.A.5.  Stock Options/Share Purchase Warrants

--- Refer to ITEM #6.E. and Table No. 11. ---
 
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10.A.6.  History of Share Capital
 
May 1997; reverse takeover of AC,
6,978,828 shares,
---
April 1997; stock option exercise,
70,000 shares,
$14,000
March 1998; acquisition of CSVL,
 960,000 shares,
$307,200
March 2000; stock option exercise,
150,000 shares,
$30,000
April 2000; private placement,
5,000,000 units,
$1,811,872
November 2000; stock option exercise,
40,000 shares,
$8,000
May 2001; stock option exercise,
100,000 shares,
$20,000
November 2001; private placement,
1,000,000 shares,
$100,000
March 2002; private placement,
3,700,000 shares,
$370,000
March 2003; warrants exercise,
150,000 shares,
$15,000
September 2003; warrants exercise,
18,750 shares,
$2,250
September 2003; stock option exercise,
49,000 shares,
$4,900
October 2003; stock option exercise,
10,000 shares,
$1,000
December 2003; warrants exercise,
2,583,030 shares,
$309,964
March 2004; stock option exercise,
377,666 shares,
$59,766
May 2004; stock option exercise,
37,500 shares,
$3,750
December 2004; stock option exercise,
150,000 shares,
$37,500
September 2005; private placement
3,675,000 shares,
$735,000
Fiscal 2005; stock option exercise 
90,000 shares,
$10,800
December 2006; acquisition of A+
Child Development (Canada) Ltd
 2,849,500 shares,
$569,900.
Fiscal 2006; stock option exercise
1,853,897 shares,
$461,785
Fiscal 2007; stock option exercise
282,600 shares,
$59,450
October 2007;
share consolidation
1 new common
share for
7 old common
shares
October 2007; private placement
387,500 shares,
$775,000
October 2007; acquisition of Speak2Me Inc.
4,500,366 shares,
$4,536,351
 
10.B.  Memorandum and Articles of Association

Objects and Purposes

The Company’s corporation number as assigned by the Ontario Ministry of Consumer and Commercial Relations is 4020-1165.  The Company’s Articles of Incorporation do not contain the Company’s purpose or its objectives, as neither is required under the laws of Ontario.

Disclosure of Interest of Directors

No director of the Company is permitted to vote on any resolution to approve a material contract or transaction in which such director has a material interest.
 
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Subject to the Articles of Incorporation and any unanimous shareholder agreement, the board may fix their remuneration.

Borrowing Powers of Directors, ByLaws - Section 3.10

The board of directors may from time to time:
 
i)
borrow money upon the credit of the Corporation;

ii)
issue, reissue, sell or pledge debt obligations of the Corporation;

iii)
subject to the Business Corporations Act (Ontario), give a guarantee on behalf of the Corporation to secure performance of an obligation of any person; and

iv)
mortgage, hypothecate, pledge or otherwise create a security interest in all or any property of the Corporation, owned or subsequently acquired, to secure any debt obligations of the Corporation.
 
Delegation of Power to Borrow, Bylaws – Section 3.11

The board may by resolution delegate all or any of the powers conferred on them by paragraphs (i) and (iii) of section 3.10 hereof, to any one or more of the directors, the Managing Director, the executive committee, the Chairman of the Board (if any), the President, any Vice-President, the Secretary, the Treasurer, any Assistant Secretary, any Assistant Treasurer or the General Manager.

Director Qualification and Retirement

Neither the Articles of Incorporation nor the Bylaws of the Company discuss the retirement or non-retirement of directors under an age limit requirement, and there is no number of shares required for director qualification.

Description of Rights, Preferences and Restrictions Attaching to Each Class of Shares

a) Class/Number of Shares.  The Company’s Articles of Incorporation provide that: the Corporation is authorized to issue two classes of shares, namely an unlimited number of Preferred Shares without nominal or par value (“Preferred Shares”) and an unlimited number of Common Shares (“Common Shares”).

b) Common Shares. The holders of Common Shares shall be entitled:
 
1) to vote at all meetings of shareholders, except meetings at which only holders of a specified class of shares are entitled to vote, and on every poll taken at every such meeting, or adjourned meeting, every holder of Common Shares shall be entitled to one vote in respect of each Common Share held; and
 
2) subject to the rights of the holders of Preferred Shares, to receive the remaining property of the Corporation upon a dissolution; and
 
3) subject to the rights of the holders of Preferred Shares, to receive all other dividends declared by the Corporation.
 
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c) Preferred Shares.  The Preferred Shares as a class shall carry and be subject to the following rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions:
 
1) Directors’ Rights to Issue in One or More Series The Preferred Shares may at any time or from time to time be issued in one or more series, each series to consist of such number of shares as may before the issue thereof be determined by the Directors by resolution; the Directors of the Company may (subject as hereinafter provided) by resolution fix, from time to time before the issued thereof, the designation, rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attaching to the shares of such series including, without limiting the generality of the foregoing (1) the issue price, (2) the rate, amount or method of calculation of dividends and whether the same are subject to change of dividends and whether the same are subject to change or adjustment, (3) whether such dividends shall be cumulative, non-cumulative or partly cumulative, (4) the dates, manner and currencies of payments of dividends and the dates from which dividends shall accrue, (5) the redemption and/or purchase prices and terms and conditions of redemption and/or purchase, with or without provision for sinking or similar funds, (6) conversion and/or exchange and/or classification rights, (7) the voting rights if any, and/or (8) other provisions, the whole subject to the following provisions, and to the issue of Certificate(s) of Amendment setting forth such designations, rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attaching to the shares of each series.
 
2) Ranking of Preferred Shares.  The Preferred Shares shall be entitled to preference over the Common Shares of the Corporation and over any other shares ranking junior to the Preferred Shares with respect to payment of dividends and distribution of assets in the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, or any other distribution of the assets of the Corporation among its shareholders for the purpose of winding up its affairs and may also be given such other preferences not inconsistent with paragraphs (1) and (2) hereof over the Common Shares of the Corporation and over any other shares ranking junior to the Preferred Shares as may be determined in the case of each series of Preferred Shares authorized to be issued.
 
3) Amendment with Approval of Holders of Preferred Shares. The rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attaching to the Preferred Shares as a class may be repealed, altered, modified, amended or amplified by Certificate(s) of Amendment, but in each case with the approval of the holders of Preferred Shares (only as a class but not as individual series) given as hereinafter specified.
 
4)  Approval of Holders of Preferred Shares.  Subject to the Provisions of the Business Corporations Act, any consent or approval given by the holders of Preferred Shares as a class shall be deemed to have been sufficiently given if it shall have been given in writing by the holders of at least sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66²/³%) of the outstanding Preferred Shares or by a resolution passed at a meeting of holders of Preferred Shares duly called and held upon not less than fifteen days’ notice at which the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding Preferred Shares are present or are represented by proxy and carried by the affirmative vote of not less than sixty-six and two-thirds percent of the votes cast at such meetings, in addition to any other consent or approval required by the Business Corporation Act.  If at any such meeting the holders of a majority of the outstanding Preferred Shares are not present or represented by proxy within one-half hour after the time appointed for such meeting, then the meeting shall be adjourned to such date not less than fifteen days thereafter and to such time and place as may be designated by the Chairman, and not less than ten days’ written notice shall be given of such adjourned meeting.  At such adjourned meeting the holders of the Preferred Shares present or represented by proxy may transact the business for which the meeting was originally convened and a resolution passed by the affirmative vote of not less than sixty-six and two-thirds percent of the votes cast at such meeting shall constitute the consent or approval of the holders of Preferred Shares.  On every poll taken at every meeting, every holder of Preferred Shares shall be entitled to one vote in respect of each share held.  Subject to the foregoing, the formalities to be observed in respect of the giving or waiving of notice of any such meeting and the conduct thereof shall be those from time to time prescribed in the Bylaws of the Corporation with respect to meetings of shareholders.  Any consent or approval given by the holders of Preferred Shares or a series as a class shall be deemed to have been sufficiently given if in the same manner as provided herein regarding holders of Preferred Shares as a class.
 
69


d) Dividend Rights.  The Company’s Bylaws provide that holders of common shares shall be entitled to receive dividends and the Company shall pay dividends thereon, as and when declared by the board of directors of the Company out of moneys properly applicable to the payment of dividends, in such amount and in such form as the board of directors may from time to time determine and all dividends which the directors may declare on the common shares shall be declared and paid in equal amounts per share on all common shares at the time outstanding, subject to the prior rights of any shares ranking senior to the common shares with respect to priority in the payment of dividends.
 
e) Voting Rights.  Neither the Company’s Bylaws nor its Articles of Incorporation provide for the election or re-election of directors at staggered intervals.

f) Redemption Provisions.  The Company may purchase any of its issued common shares subject to the provisions of the Ontario Business Corporations Act.

g) Sinking Fund Provisions.  Neither the Company’s Articles of Incorporation nor its Bylaws contain sinking fund provisions.

h) Liability to Further Capital Calls by the Company.  Neither the Company’s Articles of Incorporation nor its Bylaws contain provisions allowing the Company to make further capital calls with respect to any shareholder of the Company.

i) Discriminatory Provisions Based on Substantial Ownership.  Neither the Company’s Articles of Incorporation nor its Bylaws contain provisions that discriminate against any existing or prospective holders of securities as a result of such shareholder owning a substantial number of shares.

j) Miscellaneous Provisions.  Neither the Articles of Incorporation nor the Bylaws of the Company address the process by which the rights of holders of stock may be changed.  The general provisions of the Ontario Business Corporations Act apply to this process, and require shareholder meetings and independent voting for such changes.
 
A meeting of shareholders may be called at any time by resolution or by the Chairman of the Board or by the President and the Secretary shall cause notice of a meeting of shareholders to be given when directed so to do by resolution of the board or by the Chairman or the Board or the President.
 
70


The board shall call an annual meeting of the shareholders not later than eighteen (18) months after the Corporation comes into existence and subsequently not later than fifteen (15) months after holding the last preceding annual meeting.

A special meeting of shareholders may be called at any time and may be held in conjunction with an annual meeting of shareholders.

Meeting of shareholders shall be held at the place within Canada determined by the board from time to time.  Notwithstanding the above subsection, a meeting of shareholders may be held outside Canada if all the shareholders entitled to vote at that meeting so agree, and a shareholder who attends a meeting of shareholders held outside Canada is deemed to have so agreed except when he attends the meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the grounds that the meeting is not lawfully held.

Neither the Articles of Incorporation nor the Bylaws of the Company discuss limitations on the rights to own securities or exercise voting rights thereon.

Although not expressly enumerated in the Articles, pursuant to Canadian regulations, shareholder ownership must be disclosed by any shareholder who owns more than 10% of the Company’s common stock.

There is no provision of the Company’s Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws that would delay, defer or prevent a change in control of the Company, and that would operate only with respect to a merger, acquisition, or corporate restructuring involving the Company (or any of its subsidiaries).  The Company’s Bylaws do not contain a provision indicating the ownership threshold above which shareholder ownership must be disclosed.  With respect to the matters discussed in this Item 10B, the law applicable to the Company is not significantly different from United States law.  Neither the Articles of Incorporation nor Bylaws contain provisions governing changes in capital that are more stringent than the conditions required by law.

The Ontario Business Corporations Act contains provisions that require a "special resolution" for effecting certain corporate actions.  Such a "special resolution" requires a three-quarters vote of shareholders rather than a simple majority for passage.  The principle corporate actions for which the Company would require a "special resolution" include:
 
a.  Changing its name;
 
b.  Changing the place where its registered office is situated;
 
c.  Adding, changing or removing any restriction on the business or businesses that the corporation may carry on;
 
d.  Certain reorganizations of the corporation and alterations of share capital;
 
71

 
e.  Increasing or decreasing the number of directors or the minimum or maximum number of directors;
 
f.  Any amendment to its articles regarding constraining the issue or transfer of shares to persons who are not resident Canadians; and
 
g.  Dissolution of the corporation.

10.C.  Material Contracts

a.  Acquisition Agreements with Alpha Corporation, dated May 7, 1997
 
b.  Acquisition Agreements for CSVL, dated March 5, 1998
 
c.  Management Agreement with MPK Inc., dated October 18, 2007
 
d.  Performance Shares Escrow Agreement, dated April 30, 1997 and May 7, 1997

10.D.  Exchange Controls

Except as discussed in ITEM #10.E., the Company is unaware of any Canadian federal or provincial laws, decrees, or regulations that restrict the export or import of capital, including foreign exchange controls, or that affect the remittance of dividends, interest or other payments to non-Canadian holders of the common shares.  The Company is unaware of any limitations on the right of non-Canadian owners to hold or vote the common shares imposed by Canadian federal or provincial law or by the charter or other constituent documents of the Company.

10.E.  Taxation

A brief description of provisions of the tax treaty between Canada and the United States is included below, together with a brief outline of certain taxes, including withholding provisions, to which United States security holders are subject under existing laws and regulations of Canada.  The consequences, if any, of provincial, state and local taxes are not considered.

Security holders should seek the advice of their own tax advisors, tax counsel or accountants with respect to the applicability or effect on their own individual circumstances of the matters referred to herein and of any provincial, state or local taxes.

Material Canadian Federal Income Tax Consequences

The discussion under this heading relates to the principal Canadian federal income tax consequences of acquiring, holding and disposing of shares of common stock of the Company for a shareholder of the Company who is not a resident of Canada but is a resident of the United States and who will acquire and hold shares of common stock of the Company as capital property for the purposes of the Income Tax Act (Canada) (the “Canadian Tax Act”).  This summary does not apply to a shareholder who carries on business in Canada through a “permanent establishment” situated in Canada or performs independent personal services in Canada through a fixed base in Canada if the shareholder’s holding in the Company is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base.  This information is based on the provisions of the Canadian Tax Act and the regulations thereunder and on an understanding of the administrative practices of Canada Customs and Revenue Agency, and takes into account all specific proposals to amend the Canadian Tax Act or regulations made by the Minister of Finance of Canada as of the date hereof.  This discussion is not a substitute for independent advice from a shareholder’s own Canadian and U.S. tax advisors.
 
72


The provisions of the Canadian Tax Act are subject to income tax treaties to which Canada is a party, including the Canada-United States Income Tax Convention (1980), as amended (the “Convention”).

Dividends on Common Shares and Other Income.  Under the Canadian Tax Act, a non-resident of Canada is subject to Canadian withholding tax at the rate of 25 percent on dividends paid or deemed to have been paid to him or her by a corporation resident in Canada.  The Convention limits the rate to 15 percent if the shareholder is a resident of the United States and the dividends are beneficially owned by and paid to such shareholder, and to 5 percent if the shareholder is also a corporation that beneficially owns at least 10 percent of the voting stock of the payor-corporation.

The amount of a stock dividend (for tax purposes) would be equal to the amount by which the paid up or stated capital of the Company had increased because of the payment of such dividend.  The Company will furnish additional tax information to shareholders in the event of such a dividend.  Interest paid or deemed to be paid on the Company’s debt securities held by non-Canadian residents may also be subject to Canadian withholding tax, depending upon the terms and provisions of such securities and any applicable tax treaty.

The Convention exempts from Canadian income tax dividends paid to a religious, scientific, literary, educational or charitable organization or to an organization constituted and operated exclusively to administer a pension, retirement or employee benefit fund or plan, if the organization is a resident of the United States and is exempt from income tax under the laws of the United States.

Dispositions of Common Shares.  Under the Canadian Tax Act, a taxpayer’s capital gain or capital loss from a disposition of a share of common stock of the Company is the amount, if any, by which his or her proceeds of disposition exceed (or are exceeded by, respectively) the aggregate of his or her adjusted cost base of the share and reasonable expenses of disposition.  One-half of a capital gain (the “taxable capital gain”) is included in income, and one-half of a capital loss in a year (the “allowable capital loss”) is deductible from taxable capital gains realized in the same year.  The amount by which a shareholder’s allowable capital loss exceeds the taxable capital gain in a year may be deducted from a taxable capital gain realized by the shareholder in the three previous or any subsequent year, subject to adjustment when the capital gains inclusion rate in the year of disposition differs from the inclusion rate in the year the deduction is claimed.

If a share of common stock of the Company is disposed of to the Company other than in the open market in the manner in which shares would normally be purchased by the public, the proceeds of disposition will, in general terms, be considered as limited to the paid-up capital of the share and the balance of the price paid will be deemed to be a dividend.  In the case of a shareholder that is a corporation, the amount of any capital loss otherwise determined may be reduced by the amount of dividends previously received in respect of the shares disposed of, unless the corporation owned the shares for at least 365 days prior to sustaining the loss and (together with corporations, persons and other entities, with whom the corporation was not dealing at arm’s length) did not own more than five percent of the shares of any class of the corporation from which the dividend was received. These loss limitation rules may also apply where a corporation is a member of a partnership or a beneficiary of a trust that owned the shares disposed of.
 
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Under the Canadian Tax Act, a non-resident of Canada is subject to Canadian tax on taxable capital gains, and may deduct allowable capital losses, realized on a disposition of “taxable Canadian property.”  Shares of common stock of the Company will constitute taxable Canadian property of a shareholder at a particular time if the shareholder used the shares in carrying on business in Canada, or if at any time in the five years immediately preceding the disposition 25 percent or more of the issued shares of any class or series in the capital stock of the Company belonged to one or more persons in a group comprising the shareholder and persons with whom the shareholder did not deal at arm’s length.

The Convention relieves United States residents from liability for Canadian tax on capital gains derived on a disposition of shares unless (a) the value of the shares is derived principally from “real property” in Canada, including the right to explore for or exploit natural resources and rights to amounts computed by reference to production, (b) the shareholder was resident in Canada for 120 months during any period of 20 consecutive years preceding, and at any time during the 10 years immediately preceding, the disposition and the shares were owned by him when he or she ceased to be resident in Canada, or (c) the shares formed part of the business property of a “permanent establishment” that the holder has or had in Canada within the 12 months preceding the disposition.

Material United States Federal Income Tax Considerations

The following discussion is based upon the sections of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), Treasury Regulations, published Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") rulings, published administrative positions of the IRS and court decisions that are currently applicable.  This discussion does not consider the potential effects, both adverse and beneficial, of any recently proposed legislation that, if enacted, could be applied, possibly on a retroactive basis, at any time.  Holders and prospective holders of shares of the Company should consult their own tax advisors about the Federal; state, local and foreign tax consequences of purchasing, owning and disposing of shares of the Company.

U.S. Holders.  As used herein, a "U.S. Holder" includes a holder of shares of the Company who is a citizen or resident of the United States, a corporation created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or of any political subdivision thereof, any entity that is taxable as a corporation for U.S. tax purposes and any other person or entity whose ownership of shares of the Company is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States.  A U.S. Holder does not include persons subject to special provisions of Federal income tax law, such as tax exempt organizations, qualified retirement plans, financial institutions, insurance companies, real estate investment trusts, regulated investment companies, broker-dealers, nonresident alien individuals or foreign corporations whose ownership of shares of the Company is not effectively connected with conduct of trade or business in the United States, shareholders who acquired their stock through the exercise of employee stock options or otherwise as compensation and shareholders who hold their stock as ordinary assets and not as capital assets.
 
74


Distributions on Shares of the Company.  U.S. Holders receiving dividend distributions (including constructive dividends) with respect to shares of the Company are required to include in gross income for United States Federal income tax purposes the gross amount of such distributions to the extent that the Company has current or accumulated earnings and profits as defined under U.S. Federal tax law, without reduction for any Canadian income tax withheld from such distributions.  Such Canadian tax withheld may be credited against the U.S. Holder's United States Federal income tax liability or, alternatively, may be deducted in computing the U.S. Holder's United States Federal taxable income by those who itemize deductions.  (See discussion that is more detailed at "Foreign Tax Credit" below).  To the extent that distributions exceed current or accumulated earnings and profits of the Company, they will be treated first as a return of capital up to the U.S. Holder's adjusted basis in the shares and thereafter as gain from the sale or exchange of the shares.  Preferential tax rates for net capital gains are applicable to a U.S. Holder that is an individual, estate or trust.  There are currently no preferential tax rates for long-term capital gains for a U.S. Holder that is a corporation.

Dividends paid on the shares of the Company are not expected to be eligible for the dividends received deduction provided to corporations receiving dividends from certain United States corporations.  A U.S. Holder that is a corporation may be entitled to a 70% deduction of the United States source portion of dividends received from the Company (unless the Company qualifies as a "foreign personal holding company" or a "passive foreign investment company", as defined below) if such U.S. Holder owns shares representing at least 10% of the voting power and value of the Company.

In the case of foreign currency received as a dividend that is not converted by the recipient into U.S. Dollars on the date of receipt, a U.S. Holder will have a tax basis in the foreign currency equal to its U.S.Dollar value on the date of receipt.  Any gain or loss recognized upon a subsequent sale or other disposition of the foreign currency, including the exchange for U.S. Dollars, will be ordinary income or loss.  However, for tax years after 1997, an individual whose realized foreign exchange gain does not exceed U.S. $200 will not recognize that gain, to the extent that there are not expenses associated with the transaction that meet the requirement for deductibility as a trade or business expense (other than travel expenses in connection with a business trip or as an expense for the production of income).

Foreign Tax Credit.  A U.S. Holder who pays (or has withheld from distributions) Canadian income tax with respect to the ownership of shares of the Company may be entitled, at the option of the U.S. Holder, to either a deduction or a tax credit for such foreign tax paid or withheld.  It will be more advantageous to claim a credit because a credit reduces United States Federal income taxes on a dollar-for-dollar basis, while a deduction merely reduces the taxpayer's income subject to tax.  This election is made on a year-by-year basis and applies to all foreign taxes paid by (or withheld from) the U.S. Holder during that year.  There are significant and complex limitations that apply to the credit, among which is the general limitation that the credit cannot exceed the proportionate share of the U.S. Holder's United States Federal income tax liability that the U.S. Holder's foreign source income bears to his or its worldwide taxable income.  In the determination of the application of this limitation, the various items of income and deduction must be classified into foreign and domestic sources.  Complex rules govern this classification process.  There are further limitations on the foreign tax credit for certain types of income such as "passive income", "high withholding tax interest", "financial services income", and "shipping income". The availability of the foreign tax credit and the application of the limitations on the credit are fact specific and holders and prospective holders of shares of the Company should consult their own tax advisors regarding their individual circumstances.
 
75


In the case of certain U.S. Holders that are corporations (other than corporations subject to Subchapter S of the Code), owning 10% or more of the Company's Common Shares, a portion of the qualifying Canadian income tax paid by the Company will also be available as a foreign tax credit for U.S. federal income tax purposes, at the election of the U.S. Holder.

Disposition of Shares of the Company.  A U.S. Holder will recognize a gain or loss upon the sale of shares of the Company equal to the difference, if any, between (i) the amount of cash plus the fair market value of any property received, and (ii) the shareholder's tax basis in the shares of the Company.  This gain or loss will be a capital gain or loss if the shares are a capital asset in the hands of the U.S. Holder, and will be a short-term or long-term capital gain or loss depending upon the holding period of the U.S. Holder.  Gains and losses are netted and combined according to special rules in arriving at the overall capital gain or loss for a particular tax year.  Deductions for net capital losses are subject to significant limitations.  Corporate capital losses (other than losses of corporations electing under Subchapter S or the Code) are deductible to the extent of capital gains.  Non-corporate taxpayers may deduct net capital losses, whether short-term or long-term, up to U.S. $3,000 a year (U.S. $1,500 in the case of a married individual filing separately).  For U.S. Holders that are individuals, any unused portion of such net capital loss may be carried over to be used in later tax years until such net capital loss is thereby exhausted.  For U.S. Holders that are corporations (other than corporations subject to Subchapter S of the Code), an unused net capital loss may be carried back three years from the loss year and carried forward five years from the loss year to be offset against capital gains until such net capital loss is thereby exhausted.

Other Considerations

In the following circumstances, the above sections of this discussion may not describe the United States Federal income tax consequences resulting from the holding and disposition of shares of the Company:

Foreign Personal Holding Company.  If at any time during a taxable year more than 50% of the total combined voting power or the total value of the Company's outstanding shares is owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals who are citizens or residents of the United States and 60% (50% in subsequent years) or more of the Company's gross income for such year was derived from certain passive sources (e.g., from dividends received from its subsidiaries), the Company would be treated as a "foreign personal holding company".  In that event, U.S. Holders that hold shares of the Company (on the earlier of the last day of the Company's tax year or the last date on which the Company was a foreign personal holding company) would be required to include in gross income for such year their allowable portions of such passive income to the extent the Company does not actually distribute such income.
 
76


Foreign Investment Company.  If 50% or more of the combined voting power or total value of the Company's outstanding shares are held, directly or indirectly, by citizens or residents of the United States, United States domestic partnerships or corporations, or estates or trusts other than foreign estates or trusts (as defined by the Code Section 7701 (a)(31)), and the Company is found to be engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting, or trading in securities, commodities, or any interest, it is possible that the Company might be treated as a "foreign investment company" as defined in Section 1246 of the Code, causing all or part of any gain realized by a U.S. Holder selling or exchanging shares of the Company to be treated as ordinary income rather than capital gain.

Passive Foreign Investment Company.  As a foreign corporation with U.S. Holders, the Company will be treated as a passive foreign investment company ("PFIC"), as defined in Section 1297 of the Code, if 75% or more of its gross income in a taxable year is passive income, or the average percentage of the Company’s assets (by value) during the taxable year which produce passive income or which are held for production of same is at least 50%.  Passive income is defined to include gross income in the nature of dividends, interest, royalties, rents and annuities; excess of gains over losses from certain transactions in any commodities not arising inter alia from a PFIC whose business is actively involved in such commodities; certain foreign currency gains; and other similar types of income.  Foreign mining companies that are in the exploration stage may have little or no income from operations and/or may hold substantial cash and short-term securities that pay interest and dividends while awaiting expenditure in connection with the business.  Given the complexities of determining what expenditures may be deductible and of how assets held for production of active income should be valued, the Company, based on advice from its professional advisers, cannot conclude whether it is a PFIC.

It is not the intention of the Company to be considered a PFIC and the Company does not consider this to be a material risk.  In the event that it were to become classified as a PFIC, the following should be taken into consideration.  U.S. Holders owning shares of a PFIC are subject to a special tax and to an interest charge based on the value of deferral of U.S. tax attributable to undistributed earnings of a PFIC for the period during which the shares of the PFIC are owned.  This special tax would apply to any gain realized on the disposition of shares of a PFIC.  In addition, the gain is subject to U.S. federal income tax as ordinary income, taxed at top marginal rates, rather than as capital gain income.  The special tax would also be payable on receipt of excess distributions (any distributions received in the current year that are in excess of 125% of the average distributions received during the 3 preceding years or, if shorter, the shareholder's holding period).  If, however, the U.S. Holder makes a timely election to treat a PFIC as a qualified electing fund ("QEF") with respect to such shareholder's interest and the Company provides an annual information statement, the above-described rules will not apply.  The Company will provide such an information statement upon request from a U.S. Holder for current and prior taxable years.  Instead, the electing U.S. Holder would include annually in his gross income his pro rata share of the PFIC's ordinary earnings and any net capital gain regardless of whether such income or gain was actually distributed.  A U.S. Holder of a PFIC treated as a QEF can, however, further elect to defer the payment of United States Federal income tax on such income and gain inclusions, with tax payments ultimately requiring payment of an interest factor.  In addition, with a timely QEF election, the electing U.S. Holder will obtain capital gain treatment on the gain realized on disposition of such U.S. Holder’s interest in the PFIC.  Special rules apply to U.S. Holders who own their interests in a PFIC through intermediate entities or persons.
 
77


Effective for tax years of U.S. Holders beginning after December 31, 1997, U.S. Holders who hold, actually or constructively, marketable stock of a foreign corporation that qualifies as a PFIC may elect to mark such stock to the market (a “mark-to-market election”).  If such an election is made, such U.S. Holder will not be subject to the special taxation rules of PFIC described above for the taxable years for which the mark-to-market election is made.  A U.S. Holder who makes such an election will include in income for the taxable year an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the shares of the Company as of the close of such tax year over such U.S. Holder's adjusted basis in such shares.  In addition, the U.S. Holder is allowed a deduction for the lesser of (i) the excess, if any, of such U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in the shares over the fair market value of such shares as of the close of the tax year, or (ii) the excess, if any of (A) the mark-to-market gains for the shares in the Company included by such U.S. Holder for prior tax years, including any amount which would have been included for any prior year but for Section 1291 interest on tax deferral rules discussed above with respect to a U.S. Holder, who has not made a timely QEF election during the year in which he holds (or is deemed to have held) shares in the Company and the Company is a PFIC (“Non-Electing U.S. Holder”), over (B) the mark-to-market losses for shares that were allowed as deductions for prior tax years.  A U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in the shares of the Company will be increased or decreased to reflect the amount included or deducted as a result of mark-to-market election.  A mark-to-market election will apply to the tax year for which the election is made and to all later tax years, unless the PFIC stock ceases to be marketable or the IRS consents to the revocation of the election.

The IRS has issued proposed regulations that would treat as taxable certain transfers of PFIC stock by a Non-Electing U.S. Holder that are not otherwise taxed, such as gifts, exchanges pursuant to corporate reorganizations, and transfers at death.  In such cases, the basis of the Company's shares in the hands of the transferee and the basis of any property received in the exchange for those shares would be increased by the amount of gain recognized.  A U.S. Holder who has made a timely QEF election (as discussed herein) will not be taxed on certain transfers of PFIC stock, such as gifts, exchanges pursuant to corporate reorganizations, and transfers at death.  The transferee's basis in this case will depend on the manner of the transfer.  The specific tax effect to the U.S. Holder and the transferee may vary based on the manner in which the shares of the Company are transferred.  Each U.S. Holder should consult a tax advisor with respect to how the PFIC rules affect their tax situation.

The PFIC and QEF election rules are complex.  U.S. Holders should consult a tax advisor regarding the availability and procedure for making the QEF election as well as the applicable method for recognizing gains or earnings and profits under the foregoing rules.

Controlled Foreign Corporation.  If more than 50% of the voting power of all classes of stock or the total value of the stock of the Company is owned, directly or indirectly, by citizens or residents of the United States, United States domestic partnerships and corporations or estates or trusts other than foreign estates or trusts, each of whom own 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company ("United States shareholder"), the Company could be treated as a "controlled foreign corporation" under Subpart F of the Code. This classification would effect many complex results including the required inclusion by such United States shareholders in income of their pro rata share of "Subpart F income" (as specially defined by the Code) of the Company.  Subpart F requires current inclusions in the income of United States shareholders to the extent of a controlled foreign corporation's accumulated earnings invested in "excess passive" assets (as defined by the Code).  In addition, under Section 1248 of the Code, a gain from the sale or exchange of shares by a U.S. Holder who is or was a United States shareholder at any time during the five year period ending with the sale or exchange is treated as ordinary dividend income to the extent of earnings and profits of the Company attributable to the stock sold or exchanged.  Because of the complexity of Subpart F, and because it is not clear that Subpart F would apply to the U.S. Holders of shares of the Company, a more detailed review of these rules is outside of the scope of this discussion.
 
78


If the Company is both a PFIC and controlled foreign corporation,  the company will not be treated as a PFIC with respect to United States shareholders of the controlled foreign corporation.  This rule will be effective for taxable years of the Company ending with or within such taxable years of United States shareholders.
 
Summary

Management believes this discussion covers all material tax consequences.  Nevertheless, this is not intended to be, nor should it be construed to be, legal or tax advice to any holder of common shares of the Company Holders and prospective holders are encouraged to consult their own tax advisers with respect to their particular circumstances.

10.F.  Dividends and Paying Agents

The Company has not declared any dividends on its common shares and does not anticipate that it will do so in the foreseeable future.  The present policy of the Company is to retain future earnings for use in its operations and the expansion of its business.

Notwithstanding the aforementioned: the Company is unaware of any dividend restrictions; has no specific procedure for the setting of the date of dividend entitlement; but might expect to set a record date for stock ownership to determine entitlement; has no specific procedures for non-resident holders to claim dividends, but might expect to mail their dividends in the same manner as resident holders.  The Company has not nominated any financial institutions to be the potential paying agents for dividends in the United States.

Item 11

Foreign Currency Risk

We operate one segment of our business in China, and a substantial portion of our operating expenses and development expenditures are in Canadian dollars, whereas our revenue (current and potential) from co-publishing agreements are, and will be, primarily in US dollars.  A significant adverse change in foreign currency exchange rates between the Canadian dollar relative to the US dollar could have a material effect on our consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows. We have not hedged exposures denominated in foreign currencies, as they are not material at this time.

Item 12

Not applicable

PART II

Item 13 and 14

Not applicable
 
 
79

 

ITEM 15.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

15.A.   Within the 90-day period prior to the filing of this report ("Date of Evaluation"), an evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including the Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and Chief Financial Officer ("CFO"), of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms.
 
The Company did not maintain a complete set of policies and procedures governing decision and  authorization processes. As such, reliance was placed on management’s substantive review of period end balances, transactions recorded in each period, scrutiny of business activity and centralized cash management to detect errors and ensure the financial statements do not contain material misstatements. The Company assigned dedicated staff to formulate a plan, using a generally recognized framework, to document key processes and controls, and initiated the creation of a comprehensive set of policies and procedures. The completion of documentation and implementation of the initiative will continue in 2008.
 
Segregation of Duties
Due to resource constraints, the Company is reliant on the performance of compensating procedures during  its financial close process in order to ensure that the financial statements are presented fairly and accurately, in all material respects. Additional compensating control procedures have been performed in the preparation of our financial statements to ensure their reliability.

These compensating controls include:
 
·
Review of all balances and reconciliations;
·
Review of bank registers and disbursement details in risk locations; and
·
Analytical review and analysis of performance against expectations.
·
During 2007, the Company enhanced internal controls over financial reporting by introducing the following additional changes:
·
Improved budgetary controls; and
·
Strengthened technical expertise in the accounting and finance areas of the organization;

15.B.   There have been no significant changes in the Company's internal controls or the occurrence of events or other factors that could significantly affect these controls, subsequent to the Date of Evaluation.
 
ITEM 16.  RESERVED
 
80

 
PART III
 
ITEM 17.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
The Company's financial statements are stated in Canadian Dollars (CDN$) and are prepared in accordance with Canadian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), the application of which, in the case of the Company, conforms in all material respects for the periods presented with United States GAAP, except as discussed in footnotes to the financial statements.

The financial statements as required under ITEM #17 are attached hereto as exhibits.  The audit reports of Mintz & Partners LLP, Chartered Accountants, and Meyers Norris Penny LLP are included herein immediately preceding the financial statements and schedules.
 
Audited Financial Statements
 
Auditor's Report, dated April 20, 2008
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Deficit for the years ended December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006
Notes to Financial Statements

Unaudited Interim Financial Statements
 
Consolidated Interim Balance Sheets at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007
Consolidated Interim Statements of Operations and Deficit for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2008 and March 31, 2007
Consolidated Interim Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2008 and March 31, 2007
Notes to Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

ITEM 18.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The Company has elected to provide financial statements pursuant to ITEM #17.
 
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ITEM 19.  EXHIBITS

1.  Certificates of Incorporation and Name Changes, By-Laws/Articles, incorporated by reference from the Lingo Media Inc. F-1 Registration Statement filed August 20, 2002.

2.  Instruments defining the rights of holders of equity or debt securities being registered incorporated by reference from the Lingo Media Inc. F-1 Registration Statement filed August 20, 2002.

4.  Material Contracts:
 
a.  Acquisition Agreements with Alpha Corporation,(now Lingo Media Ltd.) dated May 7, 1997, incorporated by reference from the Lingo Media Inc. F-1 Registration Statement filed August 20, 2002

b.  Acquisition Agreements for CSVL, dated March 5, 1998, incorporated by reference from the Lingo Media Inc. F-1 Registration Statement filed August 20, 2002

c. Management Agreement with MPK Inc., dated May 1, 1997, renewed on December 14, 1998 and November 26, 1999, and the renewal of November 26, 1999 amended July 3, 2000, incorporated by reference from the Lingo Media Inc. F-1 Registration Statement filed August 20,2002

d. Performance Shares Escrow Agreement, dated April 30, 1997 and May 7, 1997, incorporated by reference from the Lingo Media Inc. F-1 Registration Statement filed August 20, 2002

10. Additional Exhibits:

a. Notice/Information Circular re: Annual General Meeting of Shareholders, July 4, 2001, incorporated by reference from the Lingo Media Inc. F-1 Registration Statement filed August 20, 2002

b. Stock Option Plan, dated May 22, 2001, incorporated by reference from the Lingo Media Inc. F-1 Registration Statement filed August 20, 2002
 
c. Financial statements of A+ Child Development (Canada) Inc. for December 31, 2005 (Audited), December 31, 2004 and September 30, 2006(non-audited)
 
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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
  LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION  
       
July 15, 2008
By:
/s/ Michael P. Kraft  
   
Michael P. Kraft
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
July 15, 2008
By:
/s/ Khurram R. Qureshi  
   
Khurram R. Qureshi
Chief Financial Officer
 

83
EX-2.0 2 ex_1.htm PERIOD ENDED 03/31/08 ex_1.htm


Exhibit 1
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
March 31, 2008 and 2007
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Consolidated Interim Balance Sheet of Lingo Media Corporation as at March 31, 2008 and the Consolidated Interim Statements of Operations, Deficits and Cash Flows for the three months then ended have not been reviewed by the Company’s auditors. These financial statements are the responsibility of the management and have been reviewed and approved by the Company’s Audit Committee.
 
1

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
March 31, 2008 and 2007
 
 
CONTENTS
 
   
 
Page
   
Consolidated Interim Financial Statements:
 
   
Consolidated Interim Balance Sheets
3
   
Consolidated Interim Statements of Deficit
4
   
Consolidated Interim Statements of Operations
4
   
Consolidated Interim Statements of Cash Flows
5
   
Notes to Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
6 to 11
 
2

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
March 31, 2008
 
   
March 31,
2008
   
December 31,
2007
 
Assets
           
Current assets:
           
Cash
  $ 171,475     $ 343,338  
Short term investment
    150,000       150,000  
Accounts and grants receivable (note 2)
    697,017       996,469  
Inventory
    125,702       121,323  
Prepaid and sundry assets
    123,548       131,869  
      1,267,742       1,742,999  
                 
Investment and advances
    182,520       182,520  
Deferred costs
    157,419       157,419  
Property and equipment, net
    87,784       89,325  
Development costs, net
    244,931       267,910  
Software & web development costs, net (note 3)
    4,600,286       4,326,246  
Goodwill
    1,121,131       1,121,131  
    $ 7,661,813     $ 7,887,550  
                 
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Current liabilities:
               
Bank loans (note 4)
  $ 190,000     $ 230,000  
Accounts payable
    764,726       822,818  
Accrued liabilities
    303,898       227,206  
Current portion of loans payable (note 5)
    226,696       228,674  
Unearned revenue
    159,755       -  
      1,645,075       1,508,698  
                 
Loans payable (note 5)
    203,031       203,031  
Future income taxes
    337,749       290,145  
      540,780       493,176  
                 
Shareholders' equity:
               
Capital stock (note 7 (a))
    10,338,725       10,335,707  
Contributed surplus
    493,227       452,411  
Deficit
    (5,355,994 )     (4,902,442 )
      5,475,958       5,885,676  
    $ 7,661,813     $ 7,887,550  
 
See accompanying notes to interim consolidated financial statements.
 
Approved on behalf of the Board:
 
signed “Michael Kraft”
Director
 
signed “Sanjay Joshi”
Director
 
3

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
March 31, 2008 and 2007
 
             
   
March 31,
2008
   
March 31,
2007
 
Deficit, beginning of period
  $ (4,902,442 )   $ (3,228,477 )
Net loss for the period
    (453,552 )     (309,640 )
Deficit, end of period
    (5,355,994 )     (3,538,117 )
 
See accompanying notes to interim consolidated financial statements.
 
   
March 31,
2008
   
March 31,
2007
 
Revenue
  $ 671,793     $ 667,533  
Direct costs
    134,737       139,277  
Margin
    537,056       528,256  
Expenses:
               
General and administrative
    882,537       770,319  
Amortization of property and equipment
    33,359       20,718  
Interest and other financial expenses
    30,880       29,442  
Stock-based compensation
    43,833       17,154  
                 
      990,608       837,633  
                 
Loss before income taxes and other taxes
    (453,552 )     (309,377 )
                 
Income taxes and other taxes
    -       -  
                 
Net loss for the period
  $ (453,552 )     (309,377 )
                 
Loss per share
  $ (0.05 )   $ (0.07 )
                 
Weighted average number of
               
common shares outstanding
    9,583,637       4,227,277  
 
See accompanying notes to interim consolidated financial statements.
 
4

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
March 31, 2008 and 2007
 
   
March 31,
2008
   
March 31,
2007
 
Cash flows provided by (used in):
           
Operations:
           
Net loss for the period
  $ (453,55 )   $ (309,674 )
Items not affecting cash:
               
Amortization of property and equipment
    9,427       4,120  
Amortization of development costs
    23,932       16,598  
Stock-based compensation
    43,833       17,154  
Foreign exchange gain/(loss)
    34,207       -  
Change in non-cash balances related to operations:
               
Accounts and grants receivable
    299,452       53,119  
Inventory
    (4,379 )     (18,355 )
Prepaid and sundry assets
    8,321       (55,208 )
Accounts payable
    (58,092 )     52,944  
Accrued liabilities
    76,692       (57,249 )
Unearned revenue
    159,755       177,778  
Cash provided by (used in) operating activities
    139,597       (118,773 )
Financing:
               
Increase in bank loans
    (40,000 )     -  
Advances of loans payable
    -       47,230  
Current portion of long term loan
    (1,978 )     -  
Issuance of capital stock
    3,017       5,000  
Cash provided by financing activities
    (38,961 )     52,230  
Investing:
               
Expenditures on software & web development costs
    (274,039 )     -  
Purchase of property and equipment
    1,540       -  
Development costs
    -       (23,327 )
Cash used in investing activities
    (272,499 )     (23,327 )
                 
Increase / (decrease) in cash
    (171,863 )     (89,870 )
Cash, beginning of period
    343,338       73,169  
Cash, end of period
  $ 171,475     $ (16,701 )
 
See accompanying notes to interim consolidated financial statements.
 
5

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
March 31, 2008 and 2007
 
 
Lingo Media Corporation is a diversified print and online education product and services corporation. Speak2Me Inc. (“Speak2Me”), a new subsidiary acquired during the year, is a new media company focused on interactive advertising in China through its Internet-based English Language web Learning portal. In China, Lingo Media is a print-based publisher of English language learning programs through its subsidiary Lingo Learning Inc. (formerly Lingo Media Ltd.) In Canada, Lingo Media through its subsidiary A+ Child Development (Canada) Ltd., specializes in early childhood cognitive development programs which publishes and distributes educational materials along with its proprietary curriculum through its four offices in Calgary, Edmonton, Vancouver and Toronto.
 
1. Significant accounting policies:
 
Basis of presentation:
 
The disclosures contained in these unaudited interim consolidated financial statements do not include all the requirements of generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for annual financial statements. The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2007.
 
The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring accruals, which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2008 and the results of operations and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007.
 
2. Accounts and grants receivable:
 
Accounts and grants receivable consist of:
 
   
March 31,
2008
   
December 31, 2007
 
Trade receivables
  $ 669,461     $ 740,332  
Cash advance
    -       241,059  
Grants receivable
    27,556       15,078  
    $ 697,017     $ 996,469  
 
3. Software and web development costs:
 
In October 2007, the Company acquired Speak2Me Inc. (“Speak2Me”), a new media company that has developed software combining speech recognition and animation technology for the teaching and practice of spoken English. All costs associated with development of the Speak2Me software and its contents are capitalized as Software and web development:
 
   
March 31,
2008
   
December 31, 2007
 
Cost
  $ 4,600,286     $ 4,326,246  
 
6

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
March 31, 2008 and 2007
 
 
4. Bank loans:
 
   
March 31,
2008
   
December 31, 2007
 
Revolving line of credit of $500,000 bearing interest at prime plus 4.0% per annum and secured by a $150,000 GIC, bearing interest at 3.5% maturing on December 10, 2008, and a charge on all assets including inventory and accounts receivables.
    190,000       230,000  
    $ 190,000     $ 230,000  
 
The terms of the $190,000 revolving line of credit require that certain measurable covenants be met. As at March 31, 2008, the Company was in violation of certain covenants. As the lines of credit are currently presented as a current liability no additional adjustment is required.
 
5. Loans payable:
 
Loans payable consists of the following:
 
   
March 31,
2008
   
December 31,
2007
 
Loan payable, due to a non-related party, interest
bearing at 12% per annum payable monthly, unsecured and due on demand.
  $ 226,696     $ 228,674  
Loan payable, due to a non-related party, interest
bearing at 12% per annum with monthly interest payments, secured by a general security agreement and due on April 30, 2009.
    203,031       203,031  
      429,727       431,705  
Less: Current portion
    226,696       228,674  
    $ 203,031     $ 203,031  
 
6. Capital stock and stock options:
 
(a) Authorized:
 
Unlimited preference shares, no par value
Unlimited common shares, no par value
 
7

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
March 31, 2008 and 2007
 
 
The following details the changes in issued and outstanding common shares:
 
   
Common Shares
 
   
Number
   
Amount
 
Balance, January 1, 2007
    32,578,170     $ 5,028,656  
Issued:
               
Options exercised
    282,600       59,450  
      32,860,770     $ 5,088,106  
Share Consolidation (1 new for 7 old)
    4,694,396       5,088,106  
Issued:
               
Private Placement (iv)
    387,500       775,000  
Common shares issued for the acquisition of Speak2Me Inc.
    4,500,366       9,000,732  
Less: Share issue costs
    -       (63,750 )
Balance, December 31, 2007
    9,582,262     $ 10,335,707  
Issued:
               
Options exercised
    4,762       3,017  
Balance, March 31, 2008
    9,587,024     $ 10,338,725  
 
In 2006, the Company issued 3 million common shares (the "Performance Shares") to management of A+ Child Development (Canada) Ltd. ("A+"). These Performance Shares are held in trust by the Company and are to be released in equal installments of 1 million Performance Shares to management of A+ upon achieving certain financial milestones over a 3-year period. Management of A+ did not achieve the first set of milestones for the year-ended December 31, 2007 and as a result 1 million of the Performance Shares will be cancelled and returned to treasury.
 
(b) Stock options
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
Number
of
shares
   
Weighted
average
exercise
price
   
Number
of
shares
   
Weighted
average
exercise
price
 
                         
Options outstanding, beginning of year
    516,738     $ 0.98       275,634     $ 1.33  
Options granted
    375,000       1.24       300,000       0.68  
Options exercised
    (4,762 )     0.70       40,372       0.84  
Options expired/canceled
    (595 )     0.70       (68,524 )     -  
                                 
Outstanding, March 31, 2008
    886,381       0.98       516,738       0.98  
Options exercisable, March 31, 2008
    886,381     $ 0.98       338,509     $ 1.10  
 
8

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
March 31, 2008 and 2007
 
 
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at March 31, 2008:
 
                 
Options outstanding 
     
Options exercisable 
 
                 
Weighted  
      Weighted                Weighted   
 
Range 
              average       
average 
              average   
 
of exercise 
     
Number 
      remaining        
exercise 
      Number        exercise   
 
prices 
     
outstanding 
      contractual life       
price 
     
outstanding 
     
price 
 
                                             
$ 0.70 - $1.00       397,011       4.40     $ 0.74       138,545     $ 0.74  
$ 1.01 - $1.33       138,656       1.98       1.30       138,656       1.30  
$ 1.34 - $2.00       350,713       3.98       1.17       60,713       1.46  
Total
      886,380       3.86       1.00       337,914       1.11  
 
7. Financial instruments and risk management:
 
The Company as part of its operations carries a number of financial instruments. It is management's opinion that the Company is not exposed to significant interest, currency or credit risks arising from these financial instruments except as otherwise disclosed.
 
(a) Currency risk:
 
The Company is subject to currency risk through its activities outside of Canada. Unfavourable changes in the exchange rate may affect the operating results of the Company. The Company is also exposed to currency risk as a substantial amount of its revenue is denominated in U.S. dollars and Chinese Renminbi ("RMB").
 
There were no derivative instruments outstanding at March 31, 2008 and 2007.
 
(b) Financial Instruments:
 
The significant financial instruments of the Company, their carrying values and the exposure to U.S. dollar denominated monetary assets and liabilities, as of March 31, 2008 are as follows:
 
   
US
Denominated 
   
Chinese
Denominated 
 
   
CAD
   
USD
   
CAD
   
RMB
 
Cash
    57,432       55,949       87,236       627,413  
Accounts and grants receivable
    477,890       465,553       201,841       1,451,237  
Accounts payable
    39,575       38,553       87,332       627,917  
 
US dollars and Chinese Renminbi are converted on the prevailing year-end exchange rates.
 
(c) Fair market values:
 
The carrying values of cash, short-term investment, accounts and grants receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, bank loans and loans payable approximate their fair values due to the relatively short periods to maturity.
 
9

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
March 31, 2008 and 2007
 
(d) Concentration of risk:
 
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and accounts receivable. Cash and short-term investment consist of deposits with major financial institutions. With respect to accounts receivable, the Company performs periodic credit evaluations of the financial condition of its customers and typically does not require collateral from them. Management assesses the need for allowances for potential credit losses by considering the credit risk of specific customers, historical trends and other information. The Jintu loan receivable (note 4) is secured by a personal guarantee from a non – related party.
 
(e) Interest rate risk:
 
The Company manages its exposure to interest rate risk through floating rate borrowings. The floating rate debt is subject to interest rate cash flow risk, as the required cash flows to service the debt will fluctuate as a result of changes in market rates.
 
8. Segmented information:
 
The Company operates two distinct reportable business segments as follows.
 
English Language Learning: The Company develops, publishes and licenses book, audio/video cassette, CD-based product and supplemental product for English language learning for the educational school market in China.
 
Early Childhood Development: The Company specializes in early childhood cognitive development programs, through the publishing and distribution of educational materials along with its proprietary curriculum through its four offices in Calgary, Edmonton, Vancouver and Toronto.
 
March 31, 2008
 
English Language Learning
   
Early Childhood Development
   
Total
 
Revenue
    -     $ 671,793     $ 671,793  
Cost of sales
    -       134,737       134,737  
Margin
    -     $ 537,056     $ 537,056  
 
March 31, 2007
 
English Language Learning
   
Early Childhood Development
   
Total
 
Revenue
  $ 587     $ 666,946     $ 667,533  
Cost of sales
    235       139,338       139,573  
Margin
  $ 352     $ 537,608     $ 527,960  
 
The Company's revenue by geographic region based on the region in which the customers are located is as follows:
 
   
March 31,
2008
   
March 31,
2007
 
                 
Canada
  $ 671,793     $ 667,533  
China
    -       -  
    $ 671,793     $ 667,533  
 
10

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
March 31, 2008 and 2007
 
 
The majority of the Company’s identifiable assets as at March 31, 2008 are located as follows:
 
   
March 31,
2008
   
March 31,
2007
 
                 
Canada
  $ 2,879,007     $ 2,634,984  
China
    4,782,806       182,520  
    $ 7,661,813     $ 2,817,504  
 
9. Reconciliation of Canadian and United States generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"):
 
These interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") in Canada. Except as set out below, these financial statements also comply, in all material aspects, with the United States generally accepted accounting principles.
 
The following tables reconcile results as reported under Canadian GAAP with those that would have been reported under United States GAAP.
 
Statements of Operations:
 
   
March 31,
2008
   
March 31,
2007
 
Loss for the period - Canadian GAAP
  $ (481,108 )   $ (309,674 )
Impact of United States GAAP and adjustments:
               
Amortization of development costs
    23,932       16,598  
Software and web development costs
    (274,039 )     -  
Loss for the period - United States GAAP
  $ (731,216 )   $ (293,076 )
 
The cumulative effect of these adjustments on the consolidated shareholders' equity of the Company is as follows:
 
   
March 31,
2008
   
March 31,
2007
 
Shareholders' equity - Canadian GAAP
  $ 5,488,402     $ 1,089,028  
Development costs
    (121,005 )     (121,005 )
Compensation expense
    (287,083 )     (243,250 )
Deferred costs
    (157,419 )     (157,419 )
Software & web development costs
    (726,748 )     -  
Shareholders' equity - United States GAAP
  $ 4,156,147     $ 567,354  
 
10. Comparative figures:
 
Certain comparative figures have been reclassified to conform with the financial statement presentation adopted in the current period.
 
 
 
11
 
 
EX-2.0 3 ex_2.htm YEARS ENDED 12/31/06 AND 12/31/07 ex_2.htm


Exhibit 2
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
December 31, 2007 and 2006
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
 
 
CONTENTS
 
   
 
Page
   
Statement of Management’s Responsibility
3
   
Auditors’ Report
4
   
Consolidated Balance Sheets
6
   
Consolidated Statements of Deficit
7
   
Consolidated Statements of Operations
7
   
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
8
   
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
9 to 36
 
2

 
Management’s Responsibility
 
 
To the Shareholders of Lingo Media Corporation:
 
 
Management is responsible for the preparation and presentation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements, including responsibility for significant accounting judgments and estimates in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles and ensuring that all information in the Management Discussion & Analysis is consistent with the statements. This responsibility includes selecting appropriate accounting principles and methods, and making decisions affecting the measurement of transactions in which objective judgment is required.
 
In discharging its responsibilities for the integrity and fairness of the consolidated financial statements, management designs and maintains the necessary accounting systems and related internal controls to provide reasonable assurance that transactions are authorized, assets are safeguarded and financial records are properly maintained to provide reliable information for the preparation of financial statements.
 
The Board of Directors and the Audit Committee include some Directors who are neither management nor employees of the Company. The Board is responsible for overseeing management in the performance of its financial reporting responsibilities, and for approving the financial information included in the annual report. The Audit Committee has the responsibility of meeting with management and external auditors to discuss -the internal controls over the financial reporting process, auditing matters and financial reporting issues. The Committee is also responsible for recommending the appointment of the Company’s external auditors.
 
Meyers Norris Penny LLP, an independent firm of Chartered Accountants, is appointed by the shareholders to audit the consolidated financial statements and report directly to them; their report follows. The external auditors have full and free access to, and meet periodically and separately with, both the Audit Committee and management to discuss their audit findings.
 
 
April 20, 2008
 
/s/ “Michael Kraft” Signed
Chief Executive Officer
 
/s/ “Khurram Qureshi” Signed
Chief Financial Officer
 
3

 
To the Shareholders of Lingo Media Corporation:
 
 
We have audited the consolidated balance sheet of Lingo Media Corporation as at December 31, 2007, and the consolidated statements of operations, deficit and cash flows for the year then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit.
 
We conducted our audit in accordance with the Canadian generally accepted auditing standards and the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). These standards require that we plan and perform an audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall consolidated financial statement presentation.
 
In our opinion, these consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as at December 31, 2007, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles.
 
The consolidated financial statements as at and for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 were audited by other auditors who expressed an opinion without reservation on those consolidated financial statements in their report dated May 4, 2007.
 
MEYERS NORRIS PENNY LLP
Independent Registered Chartered Accountants
         
/s/ Meyers Norris Penny LLP.
   
 
 
Calgary, Alberta
   
 
 
April 20, 2008
   
 
 
 
4

 
April 20, 2008
 
Independent Registered Chartered Accountants
 
 
Comments by Independent Registered Chartered Accountants on Canada – United States of America Reporting Differences:
 
The standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) require the addition of explanatory paragraphs (following the opinion paragraph) when the financial statements are affected by conditions and events that cast substantial doubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, such as those described in Note 1 to the financial statements. Our report to the shareholders dated April 20, 2008 is expressed in accordance with Canadian reporting standards, which do not require a reference to such conditions and events in the report of the independent registered chartered accountants when these are properly accounted for and adequately disclosed in the financial statements.
 
 
MEYERS NORRIS PENNY LLP
Independent Registered Chartered Accountants
         
/s/ Meyers Norris Penny LLP.
   
 
 
Calgary, Alberta
   
 
 
April 20, 2008
   
 
 
 
5

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
 
As at December 31 
 
2007
   
2006
 
             
Assets
           
Current assets:
           
Cash
  $ 343,338     $ 73,169  
Short term investment
    150,000       150,000  
Accounts and grants receivable (note 3)
    1,110,151       304,924  
Inventory
    121,323       154,276  
Prepaid and sundry assets
    131,869       130,573  
      1,856,681       812,942  
                 
Investment and advances (note 4)
    182,520       182,520  
Deferred costs (note 4)
    157,419       157,419  
Property and equipment, net (note 5)
    89,325       77,304  
Development costs, net (note 6)
    267,910       343,308  
Software and web development costs, net (note 7)
    4,212,564       -  
Future income taxes (note 12)
    -       189,534  
Goodwill (note 8)
    1,121,131       1,121,131  
    $ 7,887,550     $ 2,884,158  
                 
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity                
Current liabilities:
               
Bank loans (note 9)
  $ 230,000     $ 485,000  
Accounts payable (note 15)
    822,818       526,491  
Accrued liabilities
    227,206       148,578  
Less current portion of long term debt (note 10)
    228,674       -  
      1,508,698       1,160,069  
                 
Loans payable (note 10)
    203,031       347,541  
Future income taxes (note 12)
    290,145       -  
      2,001,873       1,507,610  
                 
Shareholders' equity:
               
Capital stock (note 11)
    10,335,707       5,028,656  
Contributed surplus (note 11)
    452,411       325,293  
Warrants (note 11)
    -       -  
Deficit
    (4,902,441 )     (3,977,401 )
      5,885,677       1,376,548  
                 
Commitments (note 19)
               
    $ 7,887,550     $ 2,884,158  
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
Approved on behalf of the Board:
 
“signed” Michael Kraft
Director
 
“signed” Sanjay Joshi
Director
 
6

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Deficit
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
 
For the years ended December 31
 
2007
   
2006
 
Deficit, beginning of year
  $ (3,977,401 )   $ (3,228,477 )
Net loss for the year
    (925,040 )     (748,924 )
Deficit, end of year
    (4,902,441 )     (3,977,401 )
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
For the years ended December 31
 
2007
   
2006
   
2005
 
                         
Revenue (note 17)
  $ 4,004,357     $ 1,574,337     $ 906,357  
Direct costs
    758,076       319,277       123,107  
Margin
    3,246,281       1,255,060       783,250  
Expenses:
                       
General and administrative (note 13)
    3,745,276       1,417,867       855,118  
Amortization of property and equipment
    117,386       222,306       267,819  
Interest and other financial expenses
    113,369       57,097       42,869  
Stock-based compensation
    156,395       193,819       42,869  
                         
      4,132,426       1,891,089       1,380,143  
                         
Loss before income taxes and other taxes
    (886,145 )     (636,030 )     (596,893 )
                         
Income taxes and other taxes (note 12)
    38,895       112,895       128,839  
                         
Net loss for the year
  $ (925,040 )     (748,924 )     (725,732 )
                         
Loss per share (note 11 (g))
  $ (0.16 )   $ (0.18 )   $ (0.21 )
                         
                         
Weighted average number of                        
common shares outstanding (note 11 (g))
    5,655,792        4,060,331        3,530,231   
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
7

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
 
For the years ended December 31
 
2007
   
2006
   
2005
 
                   
Cash flows provided by (used in):
                 
Operations:
                 
Net loss for the year
  $ (925,040 )   $ (748,924 )   $ (725,732 )
Items not affecting cash:
                       
Amortization of property and equipment
    17,581       12,655       12,278  
Amortization of development costs
    99,805       156,648       184,797  
Amortization of acquired publishing content
    -       53,003       70,670  
Stock-based compensation
    156,395       193,819       214,337  
Income taxes
    -       (17,426 )     -  
Inventory write down
    -       36,279       -  
Change in non-cash balances related to operations:
                       
Accounts and grants receivable
    (555,316 )     223,154       74,255  
Inventory
    32,953       (11,187 )     (10,793 )
Prepaid and sundry assets
    (1,296 )     16,749       (1,347 )
Accounts payable
    (111,870 )     285,534       (5,181 )
Accrued liabilities
    78,628       84,733       5,845  
Cash provided by (used in) operating activities
    (1,208,160 )     285,037       (180,871 )
Financing:
                       
Increase in bank loans
    (255,000 )     45,000       20,000  
Advances of loans payable
    84,164       245.613       25,000  
Issuance of capital stock
    775,000       66,679       745,800  
Advances from shareholders
    (319,836 )     -       -  
Share issue costs
    (63,750 )     -       (85,099 )
Cash provided by financing activities
    220,578       357,292       705,701  
Investing:
                       
Short term investment
    -       (150,000 )     -  
Investment and advances
    -       -       (182,520 )
A Plus acquisition (note 8)
    -       (344,814 )     -  
Cash acquired on acquisition of Speak2Me
    1,508,521       -       -  
Expenditures on software & web development costs
    (249,352 )     -       -  
Purchase of property and equipment
    (29,602 )     (20,785 )     (6,556 )
Deferred costs incurred
    -       (40,316 )     (117,102 )
Development costs
    28,184       (91,325 )     (104,106 )
Cash used in investing activities
    1,257,751       (647,240 )     (410,284 )
                         
Increase / (decrease) in cash
    270,169       (4,893 )     114,546  
Cash, beginning of year
    73,169       144,337       29,791  
Bank indebtedness assumed on acquisition
    -       (66,257 )     -  
Cash, end of year
  $ 343,338     $ 73,169     $ 144,337  
Supplemental cash flow information (note 21)
                       
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
8

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
Lingo Media is a diversified print and online education product and services corporation. Speak2Me Inc. (“Speak2Me”), its new subsidiary acquired during the year, is a new media company focused on interactive advertising in China through its Internet-based English Language Learning portal. In China, Lingo Media is a print-based publisher of English language learning programs through its subsidiary Lingo Media Ltd. In Canada, Lingo Media through its subsidiary A+ Child Development (Canada) Ltd., specializes in early childhood cognitive development programs which publishes and distributes educational materials along with its proprietary curriculum through its four offices in Calgary, Edmonton, Vancouver and Toronto.
 
1. Significant accounting policies:
 
(a) Basis of presentation:
 
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles applicable to a going concern, on the basis that the Company will continue to generate sufficient capital to fund its operations and commitments. The Company has a plan to improve its operations and its cash flow from operations. Significant differences between Canadian generally accepted accounting principles and United States generally accepted accounting principles, as they relate to these consolidated financial statements, are explained in note 20.
 
These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, Lingo Media Ltd. (100%), Lingo Media International Inc. (100%) and Lingo Group Limited (100%), A+ Child Development (Canada) Ltd. (70.33%) and Speak2Me Inc. (100%). All inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated.
 
(b) Revenue recognition:
 
Revenues from the sale of educational products in Canada are recognized at the time of delivery and when the risk of ownership is transferred and collectibility is reasonably assured.
 
Royalty revenue from sales by licensees of finished products in China is recognized based on confirmation of finished products produced by its licensees. Royalty revenue from audiovisual product is recognized based on the confirmation of sales by its licensees, and when collectibility is reasonably assured. Royalty revenues are not subject to right of return or product warranties. Amounts received in advance of the confirmation are treated as customer deposits. Revenue from the sale of published and supplemental products is recognized upon delivery and when the risk of ownership is transferred and collectibility is reasonably assured.
 
(c) Short Term Investments
 
Short-term investments include investments that have a duration of longer than 90 days. Short-term investments are accounted for at the lower of cost and net realizable value.
 
9

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
1. Significant accounting policies (continued):
 
(d) Inventory:
 
Inventory is recorded at the lower of cost and net realizable value and expensed based on the average cost.
 
(e)Property and equipment:
 
Property and equipment are initially recorded at cost. Amortization is provided using methods outlined below at rates intended to amortize the cost of assets over their estimated useful lives.
 
Method
Rate
Computer and office equipment
declining balance 20 %
Leasehold improvements
straight-line 5 years
 
The Company’s policy is to record an impairment loss in the period when it is determined that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable.
 
(f) Deferred costs, investment and advances:
 
The pre-operating costs relating to establishing a joint venture in China are recorded as deferred costs. Pre-operating costs are capitalized until the commencement of commercial operations and then amortized on a straight-line basis, over a maximum of five years. Loans made in trust with a view to establishing a joint venture are recorded as investment and advances. The carrying value of these deferred costs and advances are assessed on a periodic basis to determine if a write-down is required. Any required write-down is charged to operations in the year such write-down is determined to be necessary.
 
(g) Development costs:
 
The Company has capitalized costs related to English Language Learning products and programs. The carrying value is assessed on a periodic basis to determine if a write-down is required. Any required write-down is charged to operations in the year such write-down is determined to be necessary. Technology costs and web development costs included in deferred development costs are capitalized in accordance with Section 3062 ("goodwill and other intangible assets"), of the C.I.C.A. Handbook. Development costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over a maximum of five years.
 
10

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
1. Significant accounting policies (continued):
 
(h) Software & web development costs:
 
The Company capitalizes all costs related to the development of its Speak2Me online service.. The Company regularly reviews the carrying values of its software & web development costs. The Company evaluates the carrying value of these assets based on the undiscounted value of expected future cash flows. If the carrying value exceeds the amount recoverable, a write-down of the asset to its estimated fair value would be charged to operations in the year such a write-down is determined to be necessary.
 
(i) Goodwill:
 
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of acquired companies over the estimated fair value of the tangible and intangible net assets acquired. In accordance with CICA 3062 Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, goodwill is not amortized but is subject to an impairment test annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. The impairment test consists of a comparison of the carrying value of the Company’s reporting units with their fair value, and any excess is recorded as a charge to net earnings. Fair value of goodwill is determined through discounted cash flow analysis.
 
(j) Government grants:
 
The Company receives government grants based on certain eligibility criteria for book publishing industry development in Canada. These government grants are recorded as a reduction of general and administrative expenses to offset direct costs funded by the grant. The Company records a liability for the repayment of the grants and a charge to operations in the period in which conditions arise that will cause the government grants to be repayable.
 
(k) Future income taxes:
 
The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, future income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, as well as for the benefit of losses available to be carried forward to future years for income tax purposes. Future income tax assets and liabilities are measured using substantively enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. Future income tax assets are recorded in the financial statements if realization is considered more likely than not.
 
11

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
1. Significant accounting policies (continued):
 
(l) Foreign currency translation:
 
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into Canadian dollars at the exchange rates prevailing at the consolidated balance sheet dates. Non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated at historical rates. Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into Canadian dollars at the approximate rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses are included in loss or gain for the year.
 
The Company's integrated foreign operations are translated into Canadian dollars at exchange rates prevailing at the consolidated balance sheet dates for monetary items and at exchange rates prevailing at the transaction dates for non-monetary items. Revenue and expenses are translated at exchange rates prevailing during the year. Exchange gains and losses are included in loss or gain for the year.
 
(m) Use of estimates:
 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as at December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006 and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the years then ended. Actual results may differ from those estimates.
 
The Company has products in various phases of development at any time during the year. Each product’s economic viability is determined by management, after appropriate testing has been completed. When a product is deemed viable, its accumulated development costs are recorded and amortized over the estimated period of economic viability. The accumulated development costs of any product not considered to be economically viable are considered unrecoverable and included in the current year's earnings.
 
Accounts receivable are stated after evaluation as to their collectibility and an appropriate allowance for doubtful accounts is provided where considered necessary. Provisions are made for slow moving and obsolete inventory. Amortization is based on the estimated useful lives of Property, Plant and Equipment.
 
The amounts disclosed relating to fair values of stock options issued are based on management’s estimates of expected stock price volatility, expected lives of the options, risk-free interest rates and certain other assumptions. By their nature, these estimates are subject to measurement uncertainty, and the effect on the consolidated financial statements from changes in such estimates in future years could be significant.
 
12

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
1. Significant accounting policies (continued):
 
The calculation of future income tax is based on assumptions, which are subject to uncertainty as to timing and which tax rates are expected to apply when temporary differences reverse. Future income tax recorded is also subject to uncertainty regarding the magnitude of non-capital losses available for carry forward and of the balances in various tax pools as the corporate tax returns have not been prepared as of the date of financial statement preparation. By their nature, these estimates are subject to measurement uncertainty, and the effect on the consolidated financial statements from changes in such estimates in future years could be significant.
 
(n) Earnings (loss) per share:
 
Earnings (loss) per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares that are outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of common and potential common shares outstanding during the year. Potential common shares consist of the incremental common shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options using the treasury stock method. Convertible instruments that are anti-dilutive are not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share.
 
(o) Stock-based compensation plan:
 
The Company applies the fair value based method of accounting to all stock-based compensation. The fair value of the options issued in the year is determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The estimated fair value of the options is expensed to income over the vesting period. For stock-based compensation issued to employees and non-employees, the Company recognizes an expense based on the fair value of the equity instrument issued.
 
(p) Recent accounting pronouncements:
 
Financial instruments
 
In January 2005, the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants issued new recommendations for the recognition and measurement of financial instruments, and amendments to the existing presentation and disclosure standards, effective for interim and annual financial statements with fiscal years beginning on or after October 1, 2006. Section 3855 Financial Instruments – Recognition and Measurement establishes standards for recognizing and measuring financial assets, financial liabilities and non-financial derivatives. Section 3861 Financial Instruments – Disclosure and Presentation discusses the presentation and disclosure of these items. The application of hedge accounting is covered in Section 3865 Hedges. Section 1530 Comprehensive Income establishes standards for reporting and displaying certain gains and losses, such as unrealized gains and losses related to hedges or other derivative instruments, outside of net income, in a statement of comprehensive income. Section 3251 Equity establishes standards for the presentation of equity and changes in equity, including changes arising from those items recorded in comprehensive income. There have also been numerous consequential amendments made to other Sections.
 
13

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
1. Significant accounting policies (continued):
 
In December 2006, the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants issued Section 3862 Financial Instruments – Disclosures and Section 3863 Financial Instruments – Presentation to replace Section 3861 Financial Instruments – Disclosure and Presentation. These new Sections are effective for interim and annual financial statements with fiscal years beginning on or after October 1, 2007, but may be adopted in place of Section 3861, before that date.
 
General standards of financial statement presentation
 
CICA Handbook Section 1400 General Standards of Financial Statement Presentation has been amended to include requirements to assess and disclose an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. This amendment is effective for interim and annual financial statements relating to fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2008. The Company does not expect the adoption of these changes to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
 
Inventories
 
CICA Handbook Section 3031 Inventories replaces corresponding Section 3030 and establishes new standards for the measurement and disclosure of inventories. The new Section prescribes that inventories should be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value and provides guidance on the determination of cost. This standard is effective for interim and annual financial statements relating to fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2008. The Company has not yet determined the impact of the adoption of this new standard on its consolidated financial statements.
 
2. Changes in accounting policies:
 
On January 1, 2007, the Company adopted the new Canadian accounting standards for financial instruments – recognition and measurement, financial instruments – disclosure and presentation, hedging and comprehensive income. Prior periods have not been restated. Additional disclosure requirements for financial instruments and accounting changes have been approved by the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants (“CICA”) and will be required disclosure beginning January 1, 2008. These new standards have no material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
 
(a) Financial Instruments – Recognition and Measurement:
 
This new standard requires all financial instruments within its scope, including all derivatives, to be recognized on the balance sheet initially at fair value. Subsequent measurement of all financial assets and liabilities except those classified as held-for-trading or available-for-sale are measured at amortized cost determined using the effective interest rate method. Held-for-trading financial assets are measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings. Available-for-sale financial assets are measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income and reclassified to earnings when derecognized or impaired. There were no changes to the measurement of existing financial assets and liabilities at the date of adoption.
 
14

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
2. Changes in accounting policies (continued):
 
Cash and short term investments are designated as “held-for-trading” and are measured at carrying value, which approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. Accounts receivable and investment and advances are designated as “loans and receivables” and accounts payable, accrued liabilities and bank loans are designated as “other liabilities”, all of which are measured at carrying value, which approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.
 
(b) Other Comprehensive Income:
 
The new standards establish a new statement of comprehensive income, which is comprised of net earning and other comprehensive income. The Company currently has no other comprehensive income items and therefore a separate statement of comprehensive income is not presented.
 
Future Accounting Changes:
 
In 2006, the CICA issued new accounting standards: “Capital Disclosures,” “Financial Instruments – Disclosures” and “Financial Instruments – Presentation”. These standards are anticipated to be adopted for the Company’s interim and annual reporting effective periods commencing January 1, 2008.
 
The capital disclosures standard establishes guidelines for the disclosure of information concerning the Company’s capital and how it is managed. The standard requires disclosure of an entity’s objectives, policies and processes for managing capital, including the description of what the Company considers capital and to indicate if the Company has complied with any capital requirements and the ramifications of non-compliance, if applicable.
 
“Financial Instruments – Disclosures” and “Financial Instruments – Presentation” replace “Financial Instruments – Disclosure and Presentation;” revising and enhancing its disclosure requirements to provide additional information regarding the risks associated with both recognized and unrecognized financial instruments the Company is exposed to and how those risks are managed.
 
In January 2006, the CICA Accounting Standards Board (“AcSB”) adopted a strategic plan for the direction of accounting standards in Canada. As part of that plan, accounting standards in Canada for public companies are expected to converge with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) by the start of 2011.
 
15

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
3. Accounts and grants receivable:
 
Accounts and grants receivable consist of:
 
   
2007
   
2006
 
Trade receivables
  $ 853,384     $ 285,141  
Cash advance
    241,059       -  
Grants receivable (note 13)
    15,078       19,783  
    $ 1,110,151     $ 304,924  
 
4. Deferred costs, investment and advances:
 
In June 2005, the Company signed a definitive Joint Venture Agreement (“JV Agreement”) with Sanlong Cultural Communication Co. Ltd. (“Sanlong”). The joint venture company will be known as Hebei Jintu Education Book Co. Ltd. (“Jintu”). Jintu will continue Sanlong’s recently launched direct-to-consumer business of distributing educational newspapers and product extensions located in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China. Under the JV Agreement, Lingo Media invested approximately $365,000 (¥2,550,000 RMB) for its 51% share of Jintu.
 
Pursuant to the June 2005 agreement, the Company has advanced funds for working capital to Sanlong through a trust of $182,520, with a view to establishing Jintu and incurred $157,419 in expenditures related to pre-operating costs to date. These expenses are included in deferred costs. Upon commencement of the joint venture, the advances will be converted into Lingo Media’s investment in registered capital of the joint venture. These advances are non-interest bearing, and are non-refundable.
 
5. Property and equipment:
 
Property and equipment consists of the following:
 
2007
 
Cost
   
Accumulated Amortization
   
Net Carrying Value
 
Computer and office equipment
  $ 279,607     $ 190,282     $ 89,325  
                   
2006
 
Cost
   
Accumulated Amortization
   
Net Carrying Value
 
Computer and office equipment
  $ 176,409     $ 99,105     $ 77,304  
 
16

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
6. Development costs:
 
Development costs consist of the following:
 
   
2007
   
2006
 
Cost
  $ 1,552,572     $ 1,646,446  
Less accumulated amortization
    (1,284,662 )     (1,303,138 )
    $ 267,910     $ 343,308  
 
Subsequent to the December 31, 2007 year-end, one of the Company's branches was no longer operational. The resulting impairment provision of $28,738 is included in the Statement of Operations in General and administrative.
 
7. Software and web development costs:
 
In October 2007, the Company acquired Speak2Me Inc. (“Speak2Me”), a new media company that has developed software combining speech recognition and animation technology for the teaching and practice of spoken English. All costs associated with development of the Speak2Me software and its contents are capitalized as Software and web development:
 
   
2007
   
2006
 
Cost
  $ 4,212,564     $ -  
 
8. Acquisitions:
 
A + Child Development (Canada) Ltd.
 
In 2006, the Company acquired 62.33% of the issued and outstanding shares of A + Child Development (Canada) Ltd. (“A Plus”) for cash and shares plus 3,000,000 additional shares common of Lingo Media to the selling shareholders of A Plus subject to meeting annual earnings milestones to be held in escrow and released over a three-year period with a maximum of 1,000,000 shares released per year. The results of operations of A Plus are included in the consolidated results of the Company commencing October 1, 2006.
 
17

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
8. Acquisitions (continued):
 
A + Child Development (Canada) Ltd.
 
Under the terms of the acquisition, Lingo Media:
 
i) acquired 50.33% of the outstanding capital stock of A Plus from its shareholders for the purchase price of CAD$730,000 satisfied by issuing 378,571 common shares of Lingo Media and paying CAD$200,000 cash;
 
ii) invested CAD$150,000 in A Plus for an additional 12% interest; and
 
iii) issued an additional 428,871 common shares of Lingo Media to the selling shareholders of A Plus subject to meeting annual earnings milestones to be held in escrow and released over a three-year period with a maximum of 142,857 shares released per year; In 2007, the previously established milestones were not achieved and consequently 142,857 shares were not earned and will be cancelled.
 
The Company issued 28,500 shares as consulting fees related to this acquisition.
 
During 2007, a further CAD$100,000 was invested in A Plus for an additional 8% interest resulting in an increase primarily in net current assets on consolidation.
 
8. Acquisitions (continued):
 
The allocation of the purchase price for the acquisitions are as follows:
 
   
2006
A + Child Development
(Canada) Ltd.
 
Net current assets
  $ 186,697  
Property and equipment, net
    19,844  
Future income taxes
    172,108  
Deposits
    11,336  
Goodwill
    1,121,131  
Current liabilities
    (596,402 )
    $ 914,714  
Share consideration
    569,900  
    $ 914,714  
 
18

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
Speak2Me Inc.
 
On October 18, 2007, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding common shares of Speak2Me Inc. (“Speak2Me”). The results of Speak2Me’s operations have been included in these consolidated financial statements since that date. Speak2Me is a new media company that has developed software combining speech recognition and avatar technologies for the teaching and practice of spoken English.
 
The aggregate purchase price was $4,585,087. The acquisition was completed by way of a share exchange agreement entered into between Lingo Media, Speak2Me and the shareholders of Speak2Me on the basis of a share exchange ratio of one post-consolidated common share of Lingo Media for each 3.975 common shares of Speak2Me. Under the terms of the acquisition, Lingo Media acquired all the issued and outstanding common shares of Speak2Me in exchange for 4,500,366 post-consolidated common shares of Lingo Media. The common shares were valued at $4,536,351 based on the average market price of the Company’s shares over a two-day period before and after the terms of the acquisition were agreed to and announced. The acquisition has been accounted for using the purchase method, whereby the total cost of the acquisition has been allocated to the assets acquired and to the liabilities assumed based upon their respective fair values at the measurement date.
 
As part of the acquisition, the shareholders of Lingo Media also approved the consolidation of all its common shares on a one-for-seven basis, and the change of the Company’s name to Lingo Media Corporation by way of a special resolution of the shareholders at the Company’s Annual and Special Meeting held on October 5, 2007.
 
The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the date of acquisition.
 
8. Acquisitions (continued):
 
   
Speak2Me Inc.
 
Current assets
  $ 1,789,301  
Property and equipment, net
    17,903  
Software and web development costs
    3,963,212  
Current liabilities
    (588,457 )
Future income tax liability
    (564,997 )
    $ 4,616,962  
Cash consideration
    -  
Share consideration
    4,536,351  
Business acquisition costs
    80,611  
    $ 4,616,962  
 
19

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
8. Acquisitions (continued):
 
Prior to the business combination described in above, the Company and some of the previous shareholders of Speak2Me were related by virtue of common control, by companies owned by a director, by management, and by immediate family members of management. The transaction was measured at the exchange amount, which is the amount of consideration paid or received as established and agreed to by related parties.
 
9. Bank loans:
 
   
2007
   
2006
 
Revolving line of credit of $150,000 bore interest at prime plus 2.5% per annum, was due on demand and was secured by the Company’s accounts receivable from customers in China, which in turn were secured by the Export Development Corporation. This loan was repaid in full during 2007.
  $ -     $ 135,000  
Revolving line of credit of $500,000 bearing interest at prime plus 4.0% per annum and secured by a $150,000 GIC, bearing interest at 3.5% maturing on December 10, 2008, and a charge on all assets including inventory and accounts receivables.
    230,000       350,000  
    $ 30,000     $ 485,000  
 
The terms of the $230,000 revolving line of credit require that certain measurable covenants be met. As at December 31, 2007, the Company was in violation of certain covenants, for which the lender subsequently provided a written waiver stating that it will not demand repayment until April 30, 2008. As the lines of credit are currently presented as a current liability no additional adjustment is required.
 
20

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
10. Loans payable:
 
Loans payable consists of the following:
 
   
2007
   
2006
 
Loan payable, due to a non-related party, interest
bearing at 12% per annum payable monthly,
unsecured and due on demand.
  $ 228,674     $ -  
Loan payable, due to a shareholder, interest bearing
at 12% per annum, due January 31, 2008.
    -       7,541  
Loan payable, due to a non-related party, interest
bearing at 12% per annum with monthly interest payments, secured by a general security agreement and due on April 30, 2009.
  $ 203,031     $ 340,000  
      431,705       347,541  
                 
Less: Current portion
    228,674       -  
      203,031       347,541  
The principal repayments required are:
               
2008
            228,674  
2009
            203,031  
            $ 431,705  
 
21

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
11. Capital stock, warrants and stock options:
 
(a) Authorized:
 
Unlimited preference shares, no par value
 
Unlimited common shares, no par value
 
 
The following details the changes in issued and outstanding common shares:
 
   
Common Shares
 
   
Number
   
Amount
 
             
Balance, January 1, 2006
    24,109,773     $ 3,367,119  
Issued:
               
Private placement (ii)
    3,675,000       735,000  
Options exercised
    90,000       10,800  
Less: Share issue costs
    -       115,948  
Balance, December 31, 2005
    27,874,773     $ 3,996,971  
Issued:
               
Common shares issued for the acquisition of
               
A + Child Development (Canada) Ltd.
    2,849,500       735,000  
Options exercised (iii) (note 11 (b))
    1,853,897       461,785  
Balance, December 31, 2006
    32,578,170     $ 5,028,656  
Issued:
               
Options exercised
    282,600       59,450  
      32,860,770     $ 5,088,106  
Share Consolidation (1 new for 7 old)
    4,694,396       5,088,106  
Issued:
               
Private Placement (iv)
    387,500       775,000  
Common shares issued for the acquisition of Speak2Me Inc.
    4,500,366       4,536,351  
Less: Share issue costs
    -       (63,750 )
Balance, December 31, 2007
    9,582,262     $ 10,335,707  
 
(i) Escrowed Shares:
 
On April 30, 1997, the Company entered into a performance escrow agreement in Form C of the TSX Venture Exchange (formerly Canadian Venture Exchange) (the “Exchange”) with ComputerShare Investor Services Inc. (formerly “Montreal Trust Company of Canada”) and certain security holders (the “Escrow Agreement”). The Escrow Agreement related to the escrow of certain common shares of the Company issued upon completion of the reverse take over transaction between Lingo Media Ltd. (formerly “Alpha Corporation”) and Lingo Media Inc. (formerly “Alpha Ventures Inc.”) in 1997. At the time of the transaction, 2,860,528 pre-consolidated common shares (the “Escrowed Shares”) were subject to a performance escrow agreement.
 
These shares were subject to a new escrow agreement (“Time Release Escrow Agreement”) made as of December 10, 2002 whereby the Escrowed Shares would be released on a timed-release basis rather than the performance based release provisions of the performance Escrow Agreement. Up to December 2005, 2,432,948 shares have been released. The balance of the shares, 427,580 were released during 2006.
 
22

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
11. Capital stock, warrants and stock options (continued):
 
(ii) In September 2005, the Company completed an exempt private placement of 3,675,000 Units of its securities at $0.20 per Unit, for gross proceeds of $735,000. Each Unit was comprised of one common share and one-half of one non-transferable common share purchase warrant (“Warrant”). Each whole Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share for $0.40 for a term of 12 months expiring on September 20, 2006. These warrants expired during 2006 without exercise. The Warrants are subject to accelerated expiration, at the option of the Company, at any time after January 20, 2006 in the event that the price of the Company’s common shares on the TSX Venture Exchange (“Exchange”) is $0.60 or more for 10 consecutive trading days. In such event, the Company has three business days to give notice of the acceleration of the term to the holders of the Warrant and the Warrant term will be reduced to ten business days from the date of such notice. A fee of 7% was paid to the agent and sub-agents with respect to the sale of 3,675,000 Units. In addition, a total of 118,650 Compensation Warrants were issued to the agent and the sub-agents. Each Compensation Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one common share for $0.40 for a term of 12 months expiring on September 20, 2006. The Compensation Warrants are subject to accelerated expiration on the same terms as the Warrant. These Warrants expired during 2006 without exercise.
 
(iii) During 2006, 835,901 options were exercised for cash consideration of $66,679 at an average price of $0.13 per share. In addition, 1,341,004 options were exercised for $207,294 in settlement of accounts payable. Fair value of $187,812 related to options exercised for cash and accounts payable settlement has been reallocated to capital stock from contributed surplus.
 
(iv) On October 17, 2007, the Company closed a private placement offering of subscription receipts. The gross proceeds of the offering totaled $775,000 with an aggregate of 387,500 subscription receipts issued at a price of $2.00 per subscription receipt. Each subscription receipt entitles the holder to receive one common share and one common share purchase warrant of Lingo Media upon the closing of the acquisition of Speak2Me. Each Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one (1) additional common share of Lingo Media at a purchase price of $6.00 per share and is exercisable for a period of twelve (12) months from the closing date of the Offering.
 
(b) Contributed Surplus:
 
Balance, January 1, 2006
  $ 131,474  
Stock-based compensation
    193,819  
Balance, December 31, 2006
  $ 325,293  
Stock-based compensation
    156,395  
Options exercised
    (29,277 )
Balance, December 31, 2007
  $ 452,411  
 
23

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
11. Capital stock warrants and stock options (continued):
 
(c) Stock option plan
 
In November 1996, the Company adopted a stock option plan (the “1996 Plan”). The 1996 Plan was established to encourage ownership of common shares by directors, senior officers, employees and consultants of the Company. The maximum number of shares which may be reserved for issuance under the 1996 Plan is limited to 1,078,000 common shares, provided that the Board has the right, from time to time, to increase such number subject to shareholder and regulatory approvals.
 
The maximum number of common shares that may be reserved for issuance to any one person under the 1996 Plan is 5% of the common shares outstanding at the time of the grant (calculated on a non-diluted basis) less the number of shares reserved for issuance to such person under any option to purchase common shares granted as a compensation or incentive mechanism. The exercise price of each option cannot be less than the market price of the shares on the day immediately proceeding the day of the grant, less any discount specifically permitted by the TSX Venture Exchange. The exercise period of the options granted can not exceed five years. The directors of the Company may from time to time amend or revise the terms of the 1996 Plan or may terminate it at any time.
 
During May 2000, the Company adopted another stock option plan (the “2000 Plan”) for the benefit of the directors, officers, employees and consultants of the Company.
 
In June 2005, the Company adopted a new stock option plan (the “2005 Plan “). The 2005 Plan was established to provide an incentive to employees, officers, directors and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries. The maximum number of shares which may be reserved for issuance under the 2005 Plan is limited to 4,821,955 common shares less the number of shares reserved for issuance pursuant to options granted under the 1996 Plan and the 2000 Plan, provided that the Board of Directors of the Company has the right, from time to time, to increase such number subject to the approval of the relevant exchange on which the shares are listed and the approval of the shareholders of the Company. The maximum number of common shares that may be reserved for issuance to any one person under the 2005 Plan is 5% of the common shares outstanding at the time of the grant (calculated on a non-diluted basis) less the number of shares reserved for issuance to such person under any option to purchase common shares of the Company granted as a compensation or incentive mechanism. The exercise price of each option can not be less than the market price of the shares on the day immediately preceding the day of the grant less any permitted discount. The exercise period of the options granted can not exceed 5 years. Options granted under the 2005 Plan vest over an 18 month period with no greater than 16.67% of any options granted to an optionee vesting in any 3 month period or such longer period as the Board may determine. The Board of Directors of the Company may, from time to time, amend or revise the terms of the 2005 Plan or may terminate it at any time.
 
24

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
11. Capital stock warrants and stock options (continued):
 
Changes for the stock option plans during the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 are as follows (post consolidation equivalents):
 
   
2007 
   
2006 
 
   
Number
of shares
   
Weighted average
exercise price
   
Number
of shares
   
Weighted average
exercise price
 
                         
Options outstanding, beginning of year
    275,634     $ 1.33       526,191     $ 1.19  
Options granted
    300,000       0.68       14,286       1.40  
Options exercised
    40,372       0.84       (264,842 )     0.84  
Options expired/canceled
    (68,524 )     -       -       -  
                                 
Options outstanding, end of year
    516,738       0.98       275,634       1.33  
Options exercisable, end of year
    338,509     $ 1.10       248,181     $ 1.33  
 
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2007:
 
                   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
            Options outstanding     Options exercisable  
Range
of exercise
prices
   
Number
outstanding
   
Weighted
average
remaining
contractual life
   
Weighted
average
exercise
price
   
Number
outstanding
  Weighted
average
exercise
price
 
                               
$ 0.70 - $1.00       317,368       4.21     $ 0.75       139,140     $ 0.75  
$ 1.01 - $1.33       138,656       1.98       1.30       138,656       1.30  
$ 1.34 - $1.54       60,713       2.44       1.46       60,713       1.46  
Total
      516,738       3.40       0.98       338,509       1.10  
 
All vested options are exercisable as of December 31, 2007.
 
(d) Fair value of options:
 
The weighted average grant-date fair value of options granted to employees, consultants and directors during 2007 has been estimated at $0.89 (2006 - $0.12) using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The estimated fair value of the options granted is expensed over the options vesting periods. The pricing model assumes the weighted average risk free interest rates of 2.46% (2006 – 2.53%) weighted average expected dividend yields of nil (2006 – nil), the weighted average expected common stock price volatility of 105.0% (2006 – 157.9%) and a weighted average expected life of 5 years.
 
25

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
11. Capital stock warrants and stock options (continued):
 
(e) Warrants:
 
The following summarizes the Class E warrants outstanding (post consolidation equivalents):
 
Weighted Number of
 
average warrants
   
exercise price
 
                 
Balance, January 1, 2006
    262,500     $ 2.80  
Expired
    (262,500 )     2.80  
Balance, December 31, 2006 Issued
    -       -  
Balance, December 31, 2006
    387,500       6.00  
Balance, December 31, 2007
    387,500     $ 6.00  
 
The 387,500 warrants have a fair value of $161,254 as calculated by a Black Scholes pricing model. The warrants have been classified within share capital.
 
(f) Compensation Warrants:
 
The following summarizes the compensation warrants outstanding (post consolidation equivalents):
 
Weighted Number of
 
average warrants
   
exercise price
 
                 
Balance, January 1, 2006
    16,950     $ 2.80  
Expired (note 11 (a)ii)
    (16,950 )     2.80  
Balance, December 31, 2006 and 2007
    -       -  
 
Fair value of Compensation Warrants:
 
During 2005, the Company issued 16,950 Compensation Warrants to agents in connection with private placements (see note 11(a)(ii)). The fair value of these warrants granted to agents was estimated at $1.82 using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The pricing model assumed weighted average risk free interest rates of 2.70%, weighted average expected dividend yields of nil, weighted average expected common stock price volatility of 133% and a weighted average expected life of one year. No Compensation Warrants were issued during 2006 and 2007.
 
11. Capital stock warrants and stock options (continued):
 
(g) Loss per share:
 
   
2007
   
2006
 
                 
Numerator: Loss for the year
  $ (925,040 )   $ (748,924 )
Denominator:
               
Average number of common shares outstanding
    9,582,262       4,060,331  
Escrowed shares (note 11(a)(i))
    -       -  
Weighted average number of common shares
    5,655,792       4,060,331  
Loss per share, basic and diluted
  $ (0.16 )   $ (0.18 )
 
Average number of common shares have been adjusted to reflect a 1 for 7 share consolidation that took effect during 2007.
 
26

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
12. Income taxes:
 
The provision for income taxes reflects an effective income tax rate, which differs from the Canadian corporate income tax rate as follows:
 
   
2007
   
2006
 
             
Combined basic Canadian federal and provincial income tax rate
    36.12 %     36.12 %
Effective income tax recovery on loss before income taxes
  $ (320,076 )   $ (229,734 )
Increase (decrease) resulting from:
               
Change in the valuation allowance
    (555,893 )     359,663  
Effect of reduced income taxes in foreign jurisdiction and                
subsidiary with lower tax rate
    (220,387 )     (172,100 )
Withholding tax on sales to China
    127,267       130,322  
Stock based compensation
    56,490       70,007  
Change in enacted rates
    561,996       -  
Change in prior year estimates
    413,603       -  
Other
    (24,105 )     85,059  
    $ 38,895     $ 112,895  
 
The tax effect of temporary differences representing future tax assets is as follows:
 
   
2007
   
2006
 
Future tax assets (liabilities):
           
Operating loss carry forwards
  $ 2,564,846     $ 2,158,000  
Share issue costs
    92,559       33,000  
      2,657,405       2,191,000  
Valuation allowance
    (1,411,945 )     1,967,838 )
Future tax assets recognized
    1,245,460       223,162  
Software & web development costs
    (932,362 )     -  
Property and equipment
    (22,953 )     (33,628 )
Net future tax assets (liabilities)
  $ (290,145 )   $ 189,534  
 
Future tax assets and liabilities will be impacted by changes in future tax laws and rates. The effects of these changes are not currently determinable. In assessing the realizability of future tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the future tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of future tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the years in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers projected future taxable income, uncertainties related to the industry in which the Company operates and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. The Company has not recognized any benefit for these losses.
 
27

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
12. Income taxes (continued):
 
At December 31, 2007, the Company has non-capital losses available for carry forward for Canadian income tax purposes amounting to $7,143,343. These losses expire in the following fiscal years:
 
2008
    493,000  
2009
    291,000  
2010
    954,000  
2014
    1,113,000  
2015
    1,288,000  
2026
    1,297,000  
2027
    1,707,343  
    $ 7,143,343  
 
13. Government grants:
 
Included as a reduction of general and administrative expenses are government grants of $164,545 (2006 – $182,300), relating to the Company's publishing projects in China and Canada.
 
Certain government grants are repayable in the event that the Company's annual net income for each of the previous two years exceeds 15% of revenue. During the year, the conditions for the repayment of grants did not arise and no liability was recorded.
 
14. Foreign exchange gain or loss:
 
Included in general and administrative expenses is a foreign exchange gain of approximately $103,505 (2006 – $7,968) relating to the changes in currency translation rates in respect of Company's activities denominated in foreign currencies.
 
15. Related party balances and transactions:
 
During the year, the Company had the following transactions with related parties, made in the normal course of operations, and accounted for at an amount of consideration established and agreed to by the Company and related parties. These transactions have not been disclosed elsewhere in the financial statements:
 
During the year, the Company had loans payable due to corporations controlled by two directors bearing interest at 12% (2006 - 12%) per annum. During 2007, the Company received $387,000 (2006 - $ nil) and repaid $310,000 (2006 - $50,000) of these loans. Interest expense related to these loans for the year is $62,137 (2006 - $5,878). At December 31, 2007 $nil (2006 - $ nil) was due to those corporations.
 
During the year, the Company was reimbursed $68,900 (2006 - $58,000) from a corporation with one director in common for rent, administration, office charges and telecommunications.
 
28

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
15. Related party balances and transactions (continued):
 
Speak2Me Inc. Acquisition:
 
The acquisition of Speak2Me constituted as a "related party transaction" as the CEO of the Company was also a director of Speak2Me and partially owned common shares of Speak2Me prior to its acquisition by Lingo Media.
 
The President & CEO of Lingo Media beneficially owns, indirectly, 1,583,333 common shares representing 10.63% of the issued and outstanding common shares of Speak2Me prior to its acquisition by Lingo Media. Due to the conflict of interest, he abstained from voting on matters relating to the acquisition.
 
The Board of Directors of Lingo Media appointed a special committee, consisting of two independent directors, to review the proposed acquisition of Speak2Me. In reaching its conclusions and formulating its recommendations, the special committee considered among other factors: (i) audited financial statements of Speak2Me for the period ended August 24, 2007, (ii) information in respect of its assets and operations, and (iii) an independent valuation.
 
16. Financial instruments and risk management:
 
The Company as part of its operations carries a number of financial instruments. It is management's opinion that the Company is not exposed to significant interest, currency or credit risks arising from these financial instruments except as otherwise disclosed.
 
(a) Currency risk:
 
The Company is subject to currency risk through its activities outside of Canada. Unfavourable changes in the exchange rate may affect the operating results of the Company. The Company is also exposed to currency risk as a substantial amount of its revenue is denominated in U.S. dollars and Chinese Renminbi ("RMB").
 
There were no derivative instruments outstanding at December 31, 2007 and 2006.
 
(b) Financial Instruments:
 
The significant financial instruments of the Company, their carrying values and the exposure to foreign dollar denominated monetary assets and liabilities, as of December 31, 2007 are as follows:
 
   
US
Denominated
   
Chinese
Denominated
 
   
CAD
   
USD
   
CAD
   
RMB
 
Cash
    105,635       107,571       16,056       835,675  
Accounts and grants receivable
    275,155       236,184       813,068       6,061,418  
Accounts payable
    108,828       93,415       100,733       102,579  
 
US dollars and Chinese Renmimbi are converted on the prevailing year-end exchange rates
 
Fair market values:
 
The carrying values of cash, short-term investment, accounts and grants receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, bank loans and loans payable approximate their fair values due to the relatively short periods to maturity.
 
29

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
16. Financial instruments and risk management (continued):
 
(d) Concentration of risk:
 
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and accounts receivable. Cash and short-term investment consist of deposits with major financial institutions. With respect to accounts receivable, the Company performs periodic credit evaluations of the financial condition of its customers and typically does not require collateral from them. Management assesses the need for allowances for potential credit losses by considering the credit risk of specific customers, historical trends and other information. The Jintu loan receivable (note 4) is secured by a personal guarantee from a non – related party.
 
(e) Interest rate risk:
 
The Company manages its exposure to interest rate risk through floating rate borrowings. The floating rate debt is subject to interest rate cash flow risk, as the required cash flows to service the debt will fluctuate as a result of changes in market rates.
 
17. Economic dependence
 
The Company has sales to a major customer in 2007 and 2006, a government agency of the People’s Republic of China. The accounts receivable due from this customer are insured up to 90% by the Export Development Corporation. The total percentage of sales to this customer during the year was 22% (2006 – 56%), and the total percentage of accounts receivable at December 31, 2007 was 93% (2006 – 75%).
 
18. Segmented information:
 
The Company operates two distinct reportable business segments as follows. These business segments are differentiated by English language learning products have separate methodology, ELL is Lingo’s products / IP, ECD Lingo combines third party products.
 
English Language Learning: The Company develops, publishes, distributes and licenses book, audio/video cassette, CD-based product and supplemental product for English language learning for the educational school markets in China and in Canada.
 
Early Childhood Development: The Company specializes in early childhood cognitive development programs, through the publishing and distribution of educational materials along with its proprietary curriculum through its four offices in Calgary, Edmonton, Vancouver and Toronto.
 
   
English
Language Learning
   
Early
Childhood Development
   
Total
 
Revenue
  $ 879,626     $ 3,124,731     $ 4,004,357  
Cost of sales
    113,317       644,759       758,076  
Margin
  $ 766,309     $ 2,479,972     $ 3,246,281  
Acquisition of property and equipment
    26,276       1,712       27,988  
Segment Assets
    6,635,015       672,246       7,857,551  
Segment loss
    (579,421 )     (345,619 )     (925,040 )
 
30

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
18. Segmented information (continued):
 
The Company's revenue by geographic region based on the region in which the customers are located is as follows:
 
   
2007
   
2006
 
Canada
  $ 3,126,651     $ 685,521  
China
    877,706       888,816  
    $ 4,004,357     $ 1,574,337  
 
The majority of the Company’s identifiable assets as at December 31, 2007 are located as follows:
 
   
2007
   
2006
 
Canada
  $ 3,327,303     $ 2,701,638  
China
    4,560,247       182,520  
    $ 7,887,550     $ 2,884,158  
 
19. Commitments:
 
In addition to the commitments described in note 3, the Company has future minimum lease payments under operating leases for premises and equipment are as follows:
 
2008
$ 271,883
2009
209,830
2010
167,303
2011
34,816
2012
5,094
 
31

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
20. Reconciliation of Canadian and United States generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"):
 
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") in Canada. Except as set out below, these financial statements also comply, in all material aspects, with the United States generally accepted accounting principles.
 
The following tables reconcile results as reported under Canadian GAAP with those that would have been reported under United States GAAP.
 
Statements of Operations:
 
   
2007
   
2006
 
Loss for the year - Canadian GAAP
  $ (925,040 )   $ (748,924 )
Impact of United States GAAP and adjustments:
               
Amortization of development costs (a)
    99,805       156,648  
Deferred costs (d)
    -       (40,316 )
Software and web development costs
    (452,709 )     -  
Loss for the year - United States GAAP
  $ (1,277,944 )   $ (632,592 )
Statements of cash flows:
               
   
2007
   
2006
 
Cash (used in) provided by investing activities – Canadian GAAP
  $ 1,257,751     $ (647,240 )
Impact of United States GAAP and adjustments:
               
Write-off of Software & web development costs
    452,709       -  
Cash used in investing activities - United States GAAP
  $ 1,710,460     $ (647,240 )
                 
   
2007
   
2006
 
Cash (used in) provided by operating activities – Canadian GAAP
  $ (1,208,160 )   $ 285,037  
Impact of United States GAAP and adjustments:
               
Write-off of Software & web development costs
    (452,709 )     (40,316 )
Cash used in operating activities - United States GAAP
  $ (1,660,869 )   $ 244,721  
 
The cumulative effect of these adjustments on the consolidated shareholders' equity of the Company is as follows:
 
   
2007
   
2006
 
Shareholders' equity - Canadian GAAP
  $ 5,845,677     $ 1,376,548  
Development costs (a)
    (91,522 )     (121,005 )
Compensation expense (b)
    (243,250 )     (243,250 )
Deferred costs (d)
    (157,419 )     (157,419 )
Software & web development costs (a)
    (452,709 )     -  
Shareholders' equity - United States GAAP
    4,940,777       854,874  
 
32

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
20. Reconciliation of Canadian and United States generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"):
 
(a) Development costs:
 
Under Canadian GAAP, the Company defers the incremental costs relating to the development of and the pre-operating phases of new businesses and established business and amortizes these costs on a straight-line basis over periods up to five years. Under United States GAAP, incremental costs related to development of and the pre-operating plan of a new business are expensed as incurred but the incremental costs incurred for established businesses are capitalized and amortized over on a straight line basis over periods up to five years.
 
Under United States GAAP, the amounts shown on the consolidated balance sheets for development costs would be $222,303.
 
(b) Options to consultants:
 
Starting January 1, 2004 under United States, the Company records compensation expense based on the fair value for stock or stock options granted in exchange for services from consultants and employees.
 
(c) Statement of comprehensive income:
 
Statement No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income ("SFAS 130"), establishes standards for the reporting and disclosure of comprehensive income and its components in financial statements. Components of comprehensive income or loss include net income or loss and all other changes in other non-owner changes in equity, such as the change in the cumulative translation adjustment and the unrealized gain or loss for the year on "available-for-sale" securities. For all periods presented, comprehensive loss is the same as loss for the year under US GAAP.
 
(d) Deferred costs:
 
Under Canadian GAAP, the Company defers the incremental costs relating to the development of and the pre-operating phases of new businesses and established business and amortizes these costs on a straight-line basis over periods up to five years. Under United States GAAP, incremental costs related to development of and the pre-operating plan of a new business are expensed as incurred but the incremental costs incurred for established businesses are capitalized and amortized over on a straight line basis over periods up to five years.
 
(e) Recent Accounting Pronouncements:
 
(i) In February 2006, FASB issued FASB 155, Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments an amendment to FASB 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, and FASB 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities. FASB 155, provides the framework for fair value remeasurement of any hybrid financial instrument that contains an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation as well as establishes a requirement to evaluate interests in securitized financial assets to identify interests. FASB 155 further amends FASB 140 to eliminate the prohibition on a qualifying special-purpose entity from holding a derivative financial instrument that pertains to a beneficial interest other than another derivative financial instrument. The FASB 155 guidance also clarifies which interest-only strips and principal-only strips are not subject to the requirement of FASB 133 and concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not embedded derivatives. This statement is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the beginning of an entity's first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006. The Company does not believe SFAS No. 155 will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial position or results of operations.
 
33

 
LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
20. Reconciliation of Canadian and United States generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") (continued):
 
(e) Recent Accounting Pronouncements:
 
(ii) In March 2006, FASB issued FASB 156, Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets--an amendment of FASB Statement No. 140. FASB 156 requires the recognition of a servicing asset or servicing liability under certain circumstances when an obligation to service a financial asset by entering into a servicing contract. FASB 156 also requires all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities to be initially measured at fair value utilizing the amortization method or fair market value method. FASB 156 is effective the beginning of the first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006. The Company does not believe SFAS No. 156 will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial position or results of operations.
 
(iii) FASB issued statement of Financial Accounting No. 157 Fair Value Measurement, this statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The standard provides enhanced guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities, the information used to measure fair value, and the effect of fair value measurement on earnings. The standard applies whenever other standards require (or permit) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value. It does not expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances. The Company does not expect there to be any material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements upon adoption of the standard.
 
(iv) In January 2003, the FASB issued Financial Interpretation 46 “Accounting for Variable Interest Entities” (“FIN 46”) that requires the consolidation of Variable Interest Equities (“VIEs”). VIEs are entities that have insufficient equity or their equity investors lack one or more of the specified elements that a controlling entity would have. The VIEs are controlled through financial interests that indicate control (referred to as “variable interests”). Variable interests are the rights or obligations that expose the holder of the variable interest to expected losses or expected residual gains of the entity. The holder of the majority of an entity’s variable interests is considered the primary beneficiary of the VIE and is required to consolidate the VIE. In December 2003 the FASB issued FIN 46R which superseded FIN 46 and restricts the scope of the definition of entities that would be considered VIEs that require consolidation. The Company does not believe FIN 46R results in the consolidation of any additional entities.
 
(v) Effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted FIN 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109.” This interpretation requires that an entity recognize in the financial statements, the impact of a tax position, if that position is more likely than not to be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on technical merits of the position. Tax benefits resulting from such a position should be measured as the amount that is more likely than not on a cumulative basis to be sustained on examination. FIN 48 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties on income taxes and accounting in interim periods. The adoption of this interpretation did not impact the Company’s Financial Statements.
 
(vi) On 1 January 2006, the Company adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 154, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, a replacement of APB Opinion No. 20 and FASB Statement No. 3. This statement applies to all voluntary changes in accounting principle and changes the requirements for accounting for and reporting of a change in accounting principle. The statement requires retrospective application to prior periods’ Financial Statements of a voluntary change in accounting principle versus including the cumulative effect of changing to the new accounting principle in net income. SFAS No. 154 carries forward many provisions of APB Opinion No. 20 without change, including the provisions related to the reporting of a change in accounting estimate, a change in the reporting entity, and the correction of an error. The adoption of this standard did not impact the Company’s Financial Statements.
 
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LINGO MEDIA CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
December 31, 2007 and 2006
 
 
20. Reconciliation of Canadian and United States generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") (continued):
 
(e) Recent Accounting Pronouncements:
 
(vii) In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115 (SFAS No. 159). This statement permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value and establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between entities that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 159 is effective on January 1, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its Financial Statements.
 
21. Supplemental cash flow information:
 
Income taxes and other taxes paid
  $ 127,267     $ 200,491     $ 151,121  
Interest paid
  $ 113,369     $ 23,654     $ 9,838  
 
Non-cash transactions:
 
(i) In 2007, 4,500,366 common shares were issued as consideration for the acquisition of Speak2Me Inc. in the amount of $4,536,351. As at December 31, 2007, this amount is included in capital stock.
 
(ii) In 2006, 2,849,500 common shares (407,071 after reorganization) were issued as consideration for the acquisition of A + Child Development (Canada) Ltd. in the amount of $569,900. As at December 31, 2006, this amount is included in capital stock.
 
(iii) Included in the capital stock is $29,277 (2006 - $ 187,812) representing the fair value of stock options exercised (note 11 (b)).
 
(iv) In 2005, warrants issued to agents in connection with a private placement (see note 11(a)(ii)) are valued at $30,849. This amount has been recorded as an increase in warrants amount with a corresponding increase in share issue costs which is charged against share capital.
 
(v) In 2005, the Company issued 150,000 common shares in exchange for services with a fair value of $30,000.
 
22. Comparative figures:
 
Certain comparative figures have been reclassified to conform with the financial statement presentation adopted in the current year.
 
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SIGNATURE
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunder duly authorized.
 
  LINGO MEDIA INC.  
       
May 16, 2008
By:
/s/ Khurram Qureshi  
    Khurram Qureshi  
    President and Chief Executive Officer  
 
 
 
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